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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_basic.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b7c3523b18b69f5363fa015869b2445cb4494c3a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_basic.py @@ -0,0 +1,877 @@ +# Created by Pearu Peterson, September 2002 + +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_equal, assert_array_almost_equal, + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp, assert_array_less) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +from scipy.fftpack import ifft, fft, fftn, ifftn, rfft, irfft, fft2 + +from numpy import (arange, array, asarray, zeros, dot, exp, pi, + swapaxes, double, cdouble) +import numpy as np +import numpy.fft +from numpy.random import rand + +# "large" composite numbers supported by FFTPACK +LARGE_COMPOSITE_SIZES = [ + 2**13, + 2**5 * 3**5, + 2**3 * 3**3 * 5**2, +] +SMALL_COMPOSITE_SIZES = [ + 2, + 2*3*5, + 2*2*3*3, +] +# prime +LARGE_PRIME_SIZES = [ + 2011 +] +SMALL_PRIME_SIZES = [ + 29 +] + + +def _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, rdt): + # helper function for testing + err_msg = f"size: {size} rdt: {rdt}" + assert_array_less(np.linalg.norm(x - y), rtol*np.linalg.norm(x), err_msg) + + +def random(size): + return rand(*size) + + +def direct_dft(x): + x = asarray(x) + n = len(x) + y = zeros(n, dtype=cdouble) + w = -arange(n)*(2j*pi/n) + for i in range(n): + y[i] = dot(exp(i*w), x) + return y + + +def direct_idft(x): + x = asarray(x) + n = len(x) + y = zeros(n, dtype=cdouble) + w = arange(n)*(2j*pi/n) + for i in range(n): + y[i] = dot(exp(i*w), x)/n + return y + + +def direct_dftn(x): + x = asarray(x) + for axis in range(len(x.shape)): + x = fft(x, axis=axis) + return x + + +def direct_idftn(x): + x = asarray(x) + for axis in range(len(x.shape)): + x = ifft(x, axis=axis) + return x + + +def direct_rdft(x): + x = asarray(x) + n = len(x) + w = -arange(n)*(2j*pi/n) + r = zeros(n, dtype=double) + for i in range(n//2+1): + y = dot(exp(i*w), x) + if i: + r[2*i-1] = y.real + if 2*i < n: + r[2*i] = y.imag + else: + r[0] = y.real + return r + + +def direct_irdft(x): + x = asarray(x) + n = len(x) + x1 = zeros(n, dtype=cdouble) + for i in range(n//2+1): + if i: + if 2*i < n: + x1[i] = x[2*i-1] + 1j*x[2*i] + x1[n-i] = x[2*i-1] - 1j*x[2*i] + else: + x1[i] = x[2*i-1] + else: + x1[0] = x[0] + return direct_idft(x1).real + + +class _TestFFTBase: + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = None + self.rdt = None + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + x = np.array([1,2,3,4+1j,1,2,3,4+2j], dtype=self.cdt) + y = fft(x) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + y1 = direct_dft(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + x = np.array([1,2,3,4+0j,5], dtype=self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(fft(x),direct_dft(x)) + + def test_n_argument_real(self): + x1 = np.array([1,2,3,4], dtype=self.rdt) + x2 = np.array([1,2,3,4], dtype=self.rdt) + y = fft([x1,x2],n=4) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_equal(y.shape,(2,4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[0],direct_dft(x1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[1],direct_dft(x2)) + + def _test_n_argument_complex(self): + x1 = np.array([1,2,3,4+1j], dtype=self.cdt) + x2 = np.array([1,2,3,4+1j], dtype=self.cdt) + y = fft([x1,x2],n=4) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_equal(y.shape,(2,4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[0],direct_dft(x1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[1],direct_dft(x2)) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, fft, []) + assert_raises(ValueError, fft, [[1,1],[2,2]], -5) + + +class TestDoubleFFT(_TestFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex128 + self.rdt = np.float64 + + +class TestSingleFFT(_TestFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex64 + self.rdt = np.float32 + + reason = ("single-precision FFT implementation is partially disabled, " + "until accuracy issues with large prime powers are resolved") + + @pytest.mark.xfail(run=False, reason=reason) + def test_notice(self): + pass + + +class TestFloat16FFT: + + def test_1_argument_real(self): + x1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=np.float16) + y = fft(x1, n=4) + assert_equal(y.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_equal(y.shape, (4, )) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, direct_dft(x1.astype(np.float32))) + + def test_n_argument_real(self): + x1 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=np.float16) + x2 = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=np.float16) + y = fft([x1, x2], n=4) + assert_equal(y.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_equal(y.shape, (2, 4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[0], direct_dft(x1.astype(np.float32))) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[1], direct_dft(x2.astype(np.float32))) + + +class _TestIFFTBase: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + x = np.array([1,2,3,4+1j,1,2,3,4+2j], self.cdt) + y = ifft(x) + y1 = direct_idft(x) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + + x = np.array([1,2,3,4+0j,5], self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(ifft(x),direct_idft(x)) + + def test_definition_real(self): + x = np.array([1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4], self.rdt) + y = ifft(x) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + y1 = direct_idft(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + + x = np.array([1,2,3,4,5], dtype=self.rdt) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(ifft(x),direct_idft(x)) + + def test_random_complex(self): + for size in [1,51,111,100,200,64,128,256,1024]: + x = random([size]).astype(self.cdt) + x = random([size]).astype(self.cdt) + 1j*x + y1 = ifft(fft(x)) + y2 = fft(ifft(x)) + assert_equal(y1.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_equal(y2.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y2, x) + + def test_random_real(self): + for size in [1,51,111,100,200,64,128,256,1024]: + x = random([size]).astype(self.rdt) + y1 = ifft(fft(x)) + y2 = fft(ifft(x)) + assert_equal(y1.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_equal(y2.dtype, self.cdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y2, x) + + def test_size_accuracy(self): + # Sanity check for the accuracy for prime and non-prime sized inputs + if self.rdt == np.float32: + rtol = 1e-5 + elif self.rdt == np.float64: + rtol = 1e-10 + + for size in LARGE_COMPOSITE_SIZES + LARGE_PRIME_SIZES: + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.random.rand(size).astype(self.rdt) + y = ifft(fft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + y = fft(ifft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + + x = (x + 1j*np.random.rand(size)).astype(self.cdt) + y = ifft(fft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + y = fft(ifft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, ifft, []) + assert_raises(ValueError, ifft, [[1,1],[2,2]], -5) + + +class TestDoubleIFFT(_TestIFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex128 + self.rdt = np.float64 + + +class TestSingleIFFT(_TestIFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex64 + self.rdt = np.float32 + + +class _TestRFFTBase: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + for t in [[1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]]: + x = np.array(t, dtype=self.rdt) + y = rfft(x) + y1 = direct_rdft(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.rdt) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, rfft, []) + assert_raises(ValueError, rfft, [[1,1],[2,2]], -5) + + # See gh-5790 + class MockSeries: + def __init__(self, data): + self.data = np.asarray(data) + + def __getattr__(self, item): + try: + return getattr(self.data, item) + except AttributeError as e: + raise AttributeError("'MockSeries' object " + f"has no attribute '{item}'") from e + + def test_non_ndarray_with_dtype(self): + x = np.array([1., 2., 3., 4., 5.]) + xs = _TestRFFTBase.MockSeries(x) + + expected = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + rfft(xs) + + # Data should not have been overwritten + assert_equal(x, expected) + assert_equal(xs.data, expected) + + def test_complex_input(self): + assert_raises(TypeError, rfft, np.arange(4, dtype=np.complex64)) + + +class TestRFFTDouble(_TestRFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex128 + self.rdt = np.float64 + + +class TestRFFTSingle(_TestRFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex64 + self.rdt = np.float32 + + +class _TestIRFFTBase: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + x1 = [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4] + x1_1 = [1,2+3j,4+1j,2+3j,4,2-3j,4-1j,2-3j] + x2 = [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4,5] + x2_1 = [1,2+3j,4+1j,2+3j,4+5j,4-5j,2-3j,4-1j,2-3j] + + def _test(x, xr): + y = irfft(np.array(x, dtype=self.rdt)) + y1 = direct_irdft(x) + assert_equal(y.dtype, self.rdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1, decimal=self.ndec) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,ifft(xr), decimal=self.ndec) + + _test(x1, x1_1) + _test(x2, x2_1) + + def test_random_real(self): + for size in [1,51,111,100,200,64,128,256,1024]: + x = random([size]).astype(self.rdt) + y1 = irfft(rfft(x)) + y2 = rfft(irfft(x)) + assert_equal(y1.dtype, self.rdt) + assert_equal(y2.dtype, self.rdt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, x, decimal=self.ndec, err_msg=f"size={size}") + assert_array_almost_equal(y2, x, decimal=self.ndec, err_msg=f"size={size}") + + def test_size_accuracy(self): + # Sanity check for the accuracy for prime and non-prime sized inputs + if self.rdt == np.float32: + rtol = 1e-5 + elif self.rdt == np.float64: + rtol = 1e-10 + + for size in LARGE_COMPOSITE_SIZES + LARGE_PRIME_SIZES: + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.random.rand(size).astype(self.rdt) + y = irfft(rfft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + y = rfft(irfft(x)) + _assert_close_in_norm(x, y, rtol, size, self.rdt) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, irfft, []) + assert_raises(ValueError, irfft, [[1,1],[2,2]], -5) + + def test_complex_input(self): + assert_raises(TypeError, irfft, np.arange(4, dtype=np.complex64)) + + +# self.ndec is bogus; we should have a assert_array_approx_equal for number of +# significant digits + +class TestIRFFTDouble(_TestIRFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex128 + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.ndec = 14 + + +class TestIRFFTSingle(_TestIRFFTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.cdt = np.complex64 + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.ndec = 5 + + +class Testfft2: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_regression_244(self): + """FFT returns wrong result with axes parameter.""" + # fftn (and hence fft2) used to break when both axes and shape were + # used + x = numpy.ones((4, 4, 2)) + y = fft2(x, shape=(8, 8), axes=(-3, -2)) + y_r = numpy.fft.fftn(x, s=(8, 8), axes=(-3, -2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, y_r) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, fft2, [[]]) + assert_raises(ValueError, fft2, [[1, 1], [2, 2]], (4, -3)) + + +class TestFftnSingle: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + x = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]] + y = fftn(np.array(x, np.float32)) + assert_(y.dtype == np.complex64, + msg="double precision output with single precision") + + y_r = np.array(fftn(x), np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y, y_r) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('size', SMALL_COMPOSITE_SIZES + SMALL_PRIME_SIZES) + def test_size_accuracy_small(self, size): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = rng.random((size, size)) + 1j*rng.random((size, size)) + y1 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float32)) + y2 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float64)).astype(np.complex64) + + assert_equal(y1.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y1, y2, 2000) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('size', LARGE_COMPOSITE_SIZES + LARGE_PRIME_SIZES) + def test_size_accuracy_large(self, size): + rand = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = rand.random((size, 3)) + 1j*rand.random((size, 3)) + y1 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float32)) + y2 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float64)).astype(np.complex64) + + assert_equal(y1.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y1, y2, 2000) + + def test_definition_float16(self): + x = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]] + y = fftn(np.array(x, np.float16)) + assert_equal(y.dtype, np.complex64) + y_r = np.array(fftn(x), np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y, y_r) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('size', SMALL_COMPOSITE_SIZES + SMALL_PRIME_SIZES) + def test_float16_input_small(self, size): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = rng.random((size, size)) + 1j * rng.random((size, size)) + y1 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float16)) + y2 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float64)).astype(np.complex64) + + assert_equal(y1.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y1, y2, 5e5) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('size', LARGE_COMPOSITE_SIZES + LARGE_PRIME_SIZES) + def test_float16_input_large(self, size): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = rng.random((size, 3)) + 1j*rng.random((size, 3)) + y1 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float16)) + y2 = fftn(x.real.astype(np.float64)).astype(np.complex64) + + assert_equal(y1.dtype, np.complex64) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y1, y2, 2e6) + + +class TestFftn: + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + def test_definition(self): + x = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]] + y = fftn(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, direct_dftn(x)) + + x = random((20, 26)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x), direct_dftn(x)) + + x = random((5, 4, 3, 20)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x), direct_dftn(x)) + + def test_axes_argument(self): + # plane == ji_plane, x== kji_space + plane1 = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]] + plane2 = [[10, 11, 12], + [13, 14, 15], + [16, 17, 18]] + plane3 = [[19, 20, 21], + [22, 23, 24], + [25, 26, 27]] + ki_plane1 = [[1, 2, 3], + [10, 11, 12], + [19, 20, 21]] + ki_plane2 = [[4, 5, 6], + [13, 14, 15], + [22, 23, 24]] + ki_plane3 = [[7, 8, 9], + [16, 17, 18], + [25, 26, 27]] + jk_plane1 = [[1, 10, 19], + [4, 13, 22], + [7, 16, 25]] + jk_plane2 = [[2, 11, 20], + [5, 14, 23], + [8, 17, 26]] + jk_plane3 = [[3, 12, 21], + [6, 15, 24], + [9, 18, 27]] + kj_plane1 = [[1, 4, 7], + [10, 13, 16], [19, 22, 25]] + kj_plane2 = [[2, 5, 8], + [11, 14, 17], [20, 23, 26]] + kj_plane3 = [[3, 6, 9], + [12, 15, 18], [21, 24, 27]] + ij_plane1 = [[1, 4, 7], + [2, 5, 8], + [3, 6, 9]] + ij_plane2 = [[10, 13, 16], + [11, 14, 17], + [12, 15, 18]] + ij_plane3 = [[19, 22, 25], + [20, 23, 26], + [21, 24, 27]] + ik_plane1 = [[1, 10, 19], + [2, 11, 20], + [3, 12, 21]] + ik_plane2 = [[4, 13, 22], + [5, 14, 23], + [6, 15, 24]] + ik_plane3 = [[7, 16, 25], + [8, 17, 26], + [9, 18, 27]] + ijk_space = [jk_plane1, jk_plane2, jk_plane3] + ikj_space = [kj_plane1, kj_plane2, kj_plane3] + jik_space = [ik_plane1, ik_plane2, ik_plane3] + jki_space = [ki_plane1, ki_plane2, ki_plane3] + kij_space = [ij_plane1, ij_plane2, ij_plane3] + x = array([plane1, plane2, plane3]) + + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x), + fftn(x, axes=(-3, -2, -1))) # kji_space + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x), fftn(x, axes=(0, 1, 2))) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x, axes=(0, 2)), fftn(x, axes=(0, -1))) + y = fftn(x, axes=(2, 1, 0)) # ijk_space + assert_array_almost_equal(swapaxes(y, -1, -3), fftn(ijk_space)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(2, 0, 1)) # ikj_space + assert_array_almost_equal(swapaxes(swapaxes(y, -1, -3), -1, -2), + fftn(ikj_space)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(1, 2, 0)) # jik_space + assert_array_almost_equal(swapaxes(swapaxes(y, -1, -3), -3, -2), + fftn(jik_space)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(1, 0, 2)) # jki_space + assert_array_almost_equal(swapaxes(y, -2, -3), fftn(jki_space)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(0, 2, 1)) # kij_space + assert_array_almost_equal(swapaxes(y, -2, -1), fftn(kij_space)) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-2, -1)) # ji_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane1), y[0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane2), y[1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane3), y[2]) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(1, 2)) # ji_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane1), y[0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane2), y[1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(plane3), y[2]) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-3, -2)) # kj_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, :, 0]), y[:, :, 0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, :, 1]), y[:, :, 1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, :, 2]), y[:, :, 2]) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-3, -1)) # ki_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, 0, :]), y[:, 0, :]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, 1, :]), y[:, 1, :]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(x[:, 2, :]), y[:, 2, :]) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-1, -2)) # ij_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ij_plane1), swapaxes(y[0], -2, -1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ij_plane2), swapaxes(y[1], -2, -1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ij_plane3), swapaxes(y[2], -2, -1)) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-1, -3)) # ik_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ik_plane1), + swapaxes(y[:, 0, :], -1, -2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ik_plane2), + swapaxes(y[:, 1, :], -1, -2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(ik_plane3), + swapaxes(y[:, 2, :], -1, -2)) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-2, -3)) # jk_plane + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(jk_plane1), + swapaxes(y[:, :, 0], -1, -2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(jk_plane2), + swapaxes(y[:, :, 1], -1, -2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(fftn(jk_plane3), + swapaxes(y[:, :, 2], -1, -2)) + + y = fftn(x, axes=(-1,)) # i_line + for i in range(3): + for j in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(fft(x[i, j, :]), y[i, j, :]) + y = fftn(x, axes=(-2,)) # j_line + for i in range(3): + for j in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(fft(x[i, :, j]), y[i, :, j]) + y = fftn(x, axes=(0,)) # k_line + for i in range(3): + for j in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(fft(x[:, i, j]), y[:, i, j]) + + y = fftn(x, axes=()) # point + assert_array_almost_equal(y, x) + + def test_shape_argument(self): + small_x = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6]] + large_x1 = [[1, 2, 3, 0], + [4, 5, 6, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0]] + + y = fftn(small_x, shape=(4, 4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, fftn(large_x1)) + + y = fftn(small_x, shape=(3, 4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, fftn(large_x1[:-1])) + + def test_shape_axes_argument(self): + small_x = [[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]] + large_x1 = array([[1, 2, 3, 0], + [4, 5, 6, 0], + [7, 8, 9, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0]]) + y = fftn(small_x, shape=(4, 4), axes=(-2, -1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, fftn(large_x1)) + y = fftn(small_x, shape=(4, 4), axes=(-1, -2)) + + assert_array_almost_equal(y, swapaxes( + fftn(swapaxes(large_x1, -1, -2)), -1, -2)) + + def test_shape_axes_argument2(self): + # Change shape of the last axis + x = numpy.random.random((10, 5, 3, 7)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(-1,), shape=(8,)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, fft(x, axis=-1, n=8)) + + # Change shape of an arbitrary axis which is not the last one + x = numpy.random.random((10, 5, 3, 7)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(-2,), shape=(8,)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, fft(x, axis=-2, n=8)) + + # Change shape of axes: cf #244, where shape and axes were mixed up + x = numpy.random.random((4, 4, 2)) + y = fftn(x, axes=(-3, -2), shape=(8, 8)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, + numpy.fft.fftn(x, axes=(-3, -2), s=(8, 8))) + + def test_shape_argument_more(self): + x = zeros((4, 4, 2)) + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="when given, axes and shape arguments" + " have to be of the same length"): + fftn(x, shape=(8, 8, 2, 1)) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="invalid number of data points" + r" \(\[1, 0\]\) specified"): + fftn([[]]) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="invalid number of data points" + r" \(\[4, -3\]\) specified"): + fftn([[1, 1], [2, 2]], (4, -3)) + + +class TestIfftn: + dtype = None + cdtype = None + + def setup_method(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype,cdtype,maxnlp', + [(np.float64, np.complex128, 2000), + (np.float32, np.complex64, 3500)]) + def test_definition(self, dtype, cdtype, maxnlp): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9]], dtype=dtype) + y = ifftn(x) + assert_equal(y.dtype, cdtype) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(y, direct_idftn(x), maxnlp) + + x = rng.random((20, 26)) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(ifftn(x), direct_idftn(x), maxnlp) + + x = rng.random((5, 4, 3, 20)) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(ifftn(x), direct_idftn(x), maxnlp) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('maxnlp', [2000, 3500]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('size', [1, 2, 51, 32, 64, 92]) + def test_random_complex(self, maxnlp, size): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + x = rng.random([size, size]) + 1j * rng.random([size, size]) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(ifftn(fftn(x)), x, maxnlp) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(fftn(ifftn(x)), x, maxnlp) + + def test_invalid_sizes(self): + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="invalid number of data points" + r" \(\[1, 0\]\) specified"): + ifftn([[]]) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="invalid number of data points" + r" \(\[4, -3\]\) specified"): + ifftn([[1, 1], [2, 2]], (4, -3)) + + +class FakeArray: + def __init__(self, data): + self._data = data + self.__array_interface__ = data.__array_interface__ + + +class FakeArray2: + def __init__(self, data): + self._data = data + + def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None): + return self._data + + +class TestOverwrite: + """Check input overwrite behavior of the FFT functions.""" + + real_dtypes = (np.float32, np.float64) + dtypes = real_dtypes + (np.complex64, np.complex128) + fftsizes = [8, 16, 32] + + def _check(self, x, routine, fftsize, axis, overwrite_x): + x2 = x.copy() + for fake in [lambda x: x, FakeArray, FakeArray2]: + routine(fake(x2), fftsize, axis, overwrite_x=overwrite_x) + + sig = (f"{routine.__name__}({x.dtype}{x.shape!r}, {fftsize!r}, " + f"axis={axis!r}, overwrite_x={overwrite_x!r})") + if not overwrite_x: + assert_equal(x2, x, err_msg=f"spurious overwrite in {sig}") + + def _check_1d(self, routine, dtype, shape, axis, overwritable_dtypes, + fftsize, overwrite_x): + np.random.seed(1234) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + data = np.random.randn(*shape) + 1j*np.random.randn(*shape) + else: + data = np.random.randn(*shape) + data = data.astype(dtype) + + self._check(data, routine, fftsize, axis, + overwrite_x=overwrite_x) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fftsize', fftsizes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('overwrite_x', [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape,axes', [((16,), -1), + ((16, 2), 0), + ((2, 16), 1)]) + def test_fft_ifft(self, dtype, fftsize, overwrite_x, shape, axes): + overwritable = (np.complex128, np.complex64) + self._check_1d(fft, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + fftsize, overwrite_x) + self._check_1d(ifft, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + fftsize, overwrite_x) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', real_dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fftsize', fftsizes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('overwrite_x', [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape,axes', [((16,), -1), + ((16, 2), 0), + ((2, 16), 1)]) + def test_rfft_irfft(self, dtype, fftsize, overwrite_x, shape, axes): + overwritable = self.real_dtypes + self._check_1d(irfft, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + fftsize, overwrite_x) + self._check_1d(rfft, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + fftsize, overwrite_x) + + def _check_nd_one(self, routine, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable_dtypes, + overwrite_x): + np.random.seed(1234) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + data = np.random.randn(*shape) + 1j*np.random.randn(*shape) + else: + data = np.random.randn(*shape) + data = data.astype(dtype) + + def fftshape_iter(shp): + if len(shp) <= 0: + yield () + else: + for j in (shp[0]//2, shp[0], shp[0]*2): + for rest in fftshape_iter(shp[1:]): + yield (j,) + rest + + if axes is None: + part_shape = shape + else: + part_shape = tuple(np.take(shape, axes)) + + for fftshape in fftshape_iter(part_shape): + self._check(data, routine, fftshape, axes, + overwrite_x=overwrite_x) + if data.ndim > 1: + self._check(data.T, routine, fftshape, axes, + overwrite_x=overwrite_x) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('overwrite_x', [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape,axes', [((16,), None), + ((16,), (0,)), + ((16, 2), (0,)), + ((2, 16), (1,)), + ((8, 16), None), + ((8, 16), (0, 1)), + ((8, 16, 2), (0, 1)), + ((8, 16, 2), (1, 2)), + ((8, 16, 2), (0,)), + ((8, 16, 2), (1,)), + ((8, 16, 2), (2,)), + ((8, 16, 2), None), + ((8, 16, 2), (0, 1, 2))]) + def test_fftn_ifftn(self, dtype, overwrite_x, shape, axes): + overwritable = (np.complex128, np.complex64) + self._check_nd_one(fftn, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + overwrite_x) + self._check_nd_one(ifftn, dtype, shape, axes, overwritable, + overwrite_x) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('func', [fftn, ifftn, fft2]) +def test_shape_axes_ndarray(func): + # Test fftn and ifftn work with NumPy arrays for shape and axes arguments + # Regression test for gh-13342 + a = np.random.rand(10, 10) + + expect = func(a, shape=(5, 5)) + actual = func(a, shape=np.array([5, 5])) + assert_equal(expect, actual) + + expect = func(a, axes=(-1,)) + actual = func(a, axes=np.array([-1,])) + assert_equal(expect, actual) + + expect = func(a, shape=(4, 7), axes=(1, 0)) + actual = func(a, shape=np.array([4, 7]), axes=np.array([1, 0])) + assert_equal(expect, actual) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_helper.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_helper.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e7be04f3c0291502b50b101db82d299aadc7772 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_helper.py @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +# Created by Pearu Peterson, September 2002 + +__usage__ = """ +Build fftpack: + python setup_fftpack.py build +Run tests if scipy is installed: + python -c 'import scipy;scipy.fftpack.test()' +Run tests if fftpack is not installed: + python tests/test_helper.py [] +""" + +from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal +from scipy.fftpack import fftshift, ifftshift, fftfreq, rfftfreq + +from numpy import pi, random + +class TestFFTShift: + + def test_definition(self): + x = [0,1,2,3,4,-4,-3,-2,-1] + y = [-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4] + assert_array_almost_equal(fftshift(x),y) + assert_array_almost_equal(ifftshift(y),x) + x = [0,1,2,3,4,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1] + y = [-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4] + assert_array_almost_equal(fftshift(x),y) + assert_array_almost_equal(ifftshift(y),x) + + def test_inverse(self): + for n in [1,4,9,100,211]: + x = random.random((n,)) + assert_array_almost_equal(ifftshift(fftshift(x)),x) + + +class TestFFTFreq: + + def test_definition(self): + x = [0,1,2,3,4,-4,-3,-2,-1] + assert_array_almost_equal(9*fftfreq(9),x) + assert_array_almost_equal(9*pi*fftfreq(9,pi),x) + x = [0,1,2,3,4,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1] + assert_array_almost_equal(10*fftfreq(10),x) + assert_array_almost_equal(10*pi*fftfreq(10,pi),x) + + +class TestRFFTFreq: + + def test_definition(self): + x = [0,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4] + assert_array_almost_equal(9*rfftfreq(9),x) + assert_array_almost_equal(9*pi*rfftfreq(9,pi),x) + x = [0,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5] + assert_array_almost_equal(10*rfftfreq(10),x) + assert_array_almost_equal(10*pi*rfftfreq(10,pi),x) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_import.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_import.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e71aec9bd07cd4ef486b7e74b9589b6f1634d629 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_import.py @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +"""Test possibility of patching fftpack with pyfftw. + +No module source outside of scipy.fftpack should contain an import of +the form `from scipy.fftpack import ...`, so that a simple replacement +of scipy.fftpack by the corresponding fftw interface completely swaps +the two FFT implementations. + +Because this simply inspects source files, we only need to run the test +on one version of Python. +""" + + +from pathlib import Path +import re +import tokenize +import pytest +from numpy.testing import assert_ +import scipy + +class TestFFTPackImport: + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_fftpack_import(self): + base = Path(scipy.__file__).parent + regexp = r"\s*from.+\.fftpack import .*\n" + for path in base.rglob("*.py"): + if base / "fftpack" in path.parents: + continue + # use tokenize to auto-detect encoding on systems where no + # default encoding is defined (e.g., LANG='C') + with tokenize.open(str(path)) as file: + assert_(all(not re.fullmatch(regexp, line) + for line in file), + f"{path} contains an import from fftpack") diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_pseudo_diffs.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_pseudo_diffs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a92729626a280c12aa3197e99b0d58ce00812d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_pseudo_diffs.py @@ -0,0 +1,388 @@ +# Created by Pearu Peterson, September 2002 + +__usage__ = """ +Build fftpack: + python setup_fftpack.py build +Run tests if scipy is installed: + python -c 'import scipy;scipy.fftpack.test()' +Run tests if fftpack is not installed: + python tests/test_pseudo_diffs.py [] +""" + +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_almost_equal, + assert_array_almost_equal) +from scipy.fftpack import (diff, fft, ifft, tilbert, itilbert, hilbert, + ihilbert, shift, fftfreq, cs_diff, sc_diff, + ss_diff, cc_diff) + +import numpy as np +from numpy import arange, sin, cos, pi, exp, tanh, sum, sign +from numpy.random import random + + +def direct_diff(x,k=1,period=None): + fx = fft(x) + n = len(fx) + if period is None: + period = 2*pi + w = fftfreq(n)*2j*pi/period*n + if k < 0: + w = 1 / w**k + w[0] = 0.0 + else: + w = w**k + if n > 2000: + w[250:n-250] = 0.0 + return ifft(w*fx).real + + +def direct_tilbert(x,h=1,period=None): + fx = fft(x) + n = len(fx) + if period is None: + period = 2*pi + w = fftfreq(n)*h*2*pi/period*n + w[0] = 1 + w = 1j/tanh(w) + w[0] = 0j + return ifft(w*fx) + + +def direct_itilbert(x,h=1,period=None): + fx = fft(x) + n = len(fx) + if period is None: + period = 2*pi + w = fftfreq(n)*h*2*pi/period*n + w = -1j*tanh(w) + return ifft(w*fx) + + +def direct_hilbert(x): + fx = fft(x) + n = len(fx) + w = fftfreq(n)*n + w = 1j*sign(w) + return ifft(w*fx) + + +def direct_ihilbert(x): + return -direct_hilbert(x) + + +def direct_shift(x,a,period=None): + n = len(x) + if period is None: + k = fftfreq(n)*1j*n + else: + k = fftfreq(n)*2j*pi/period*n + return ifft(fft(x)*exp(k*a)).real + + +class TestDiff: + + def test_definition(self): + for n in [16,17,64,127,32]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x)),direct_diff(sin(x))) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),2),direct_diff(sin(x),2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),3),direct_diff(sin(x),3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),4),direct_diff(sin(x),4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),5),direct_diff(sin(x),5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(2*x),3),direct_diff(sin(2*x),3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(2*x),4),direct_diff(sin(2*x),4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x)),direct_diff(cos(x))) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x),2),direct_diff(cos(x),2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x),3),direct_diff(cos(x),3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x),4),direct_diff(cos(x),4)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(2*x)),direct_diff(cos(2*x))) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x*n/8)),direct_diff(sin(x*n/8))) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x*n/8)),direct_diff(cos(x*n/8))) + for k in range(5): + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(4*x),k),direct_diff(sin(4*x),k)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(4*x),k),direct_diff(cos(4*x),k)) + + def test_period(self): + for n in [17,64]: + x = arange(n)/float(n) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(2*pi*x),period=1), + 2*pi*cos(2*pi*x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(2*pi*x),3,period=1), + -(2*pi)**3*cos(2*pi*x)) + + def test_sin(self): + for n in [32,64,77]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x)),cos(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(cos(x)),-sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),2),-sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),4),sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(4*x)),4*cos(4*x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(sin(x))),cos(x)*cos(sin(x))) + + def test_expr(self): + for n in [64,77,100,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096,8192][:5]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + f = sin(x)*cos(4*x)+exp(sin(3*x)) + df = cos(x)*cos(4*x)-4*sin(x)*sin(4*x)+3*cos(3*x)*exp(sin(3*x)) + ddf = -17*sin(x)*cos(4*x)-8*cos(x)*sin(4*x)\ + - 9*sin(3*x)*exp(sin(3*x))+9*cos(3*x)**2*exp(sin(3*x)) + d1 = diff(f) + assert_array_almost_equal(d1,df) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(df),ddf) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(f,2),ddf) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(ddf,-1),df) + + def test_expr_large(self): + for n in [2048,4096]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + f = sin(x)*cos(4*x)+exp(sin(3*x)) + df = cos(x)*cos(4*x)-4*sin(x)*sin(4*x)+3*cos(3*x)*exp(sin(3*x)) + ddf = -17*sin(x)*cos(4*x)-8*cos(x)*sin(4*x)\ + - 9*sin(3*x)*exp(sin(3*x))+9*cos(3*x)**2*exp(sin(3*x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(f),df) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(df),ddf) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(ddf,-1),df) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(f,2),ddf) + + def test_int(self): + n = 64 + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),-1),-cos(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),-2),-sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(sin(x),-4),sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(2*cos(2*x),-1),sin(2*x)) + + def test_random_even(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for k in [0,2,4,6]: + for n in [60,32,64,56,55]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + # zeroing Nyquist mode: + f = diff(diff(f,1),-1) + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,k),-k),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,-k),k),f) + + def test_random_odd(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for k in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]: + for n in [33,65,55]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,k),-k),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,-k),k),f) + + def test_zero_nyquist(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for k in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6]: + for n in [32,33,64,56,55]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + # zeroing Nyquist mode: + f = diff(diff(f,1),-1) + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,k),-k),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(diff(diff(f,-k),k),f) + + +class TestTilbert: + + def test_definition(self): + for h in [0.1,0.5,1,5.5,10]: + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + y = tilbert(sin(x),h) + y1 = direct_tilbert(sin(x),h) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + assert_array_almost_equal(tilbert(sin(x),h), + direct_tilbert(sin(x),h)) + assert_array_almost_equal(tilbert(sin(2*x),h), + direct_tilbert(sin(2*x),h)) + + def test_random_even(self): + for h in [0.1,0.5,1,5.5,10]: + for n in [32,64,56]: + f = random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(direct_tilbert(direct_itilbert(f,h),h),f) + + def test_random_odd(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for h in [0.1,0.5,1,5.5,10]: + for n in [33,65,55]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(itilbert(tilbert(f,h),h),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(tilbert(itilbert(f,h),h),f) + + +class TestITilbert: + + def test_definition(self): + for h in [0.1,0.5,1,5.5,10]: + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + y = itilbert(sin(x),h) + y1 = direct_itilbert(sin(x),h) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + assert_array_almost_equal(itilbert(sin(x),h), + direct_itilbert(sin(x),h)) + assert_array_almost_equal(itilbert(sin(2*x),h), + direct_itilbert(sin(2*x),h)) + + +class TestHilbert: + + def test_definition(self): + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + y = hilbert(sin(x)) + y1 = direct_hilbert(sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + assert_array_almost_equal(hilbert(sin(2*x)), + direct_hilbert(sin(2*x))) + + def test_tilbert_relation(self): + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + f = sin(x)+cos(2*x)*sin(x) + y = hilbert(f) + y1 = direct_hilbert(f) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + y2 = tilbert(f,h=10) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y2) + + def test_random_odd(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for n in [33,65,55]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(ihilbert(hilbert(f)),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(hilbert(ihilbert(f)),f) + + def test_random_even(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for n in [32,64,56]: + f = rng.random((n,)) + af = sum(f,axis=0)/n + f = f-af + # zeroing Nyquist mode: + f = diff(diff(f,1),-1) + assert_almost_equal(sum(f,axis=0),0.0) + assert_array_almost_equal(direct_hilbert(direct_ihilbert(f)),f) + assert_array_almost_equal(hilbert(ihilbert(f)),f) + + +class TestIHilbert: + + def test_definition(self): + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + y = ihilbert(sin(x)) + y1 = direct_ihilbert(sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + assert_array_almost_equal(ihilbert(sin(2*x)), + direct_ihilbert(sin(2*x))) + + def test_itilbert_relation(self): + for n in [16,17,64,127]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + f = sin(x)+cos(2*x)*sin(x) + y = ihilbert(f) + y1 = direct_ihilbert(f) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y1) + y2 = itilbert(f,h=10) + assert_array_almost_equal(y,y2) + + +class TestShift: + + def test_definition(self): + for n in [18,17,64,127,32,2048,256]: + x = arange(n)*2*pi/n + for a in [0.1,3]: + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(sin(x),a),direct_shift(sin(x),a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(sin(x),a),sin(x+a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(cos(x),a),cos(x+a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(cos(2*x)+sin(x),a), + cos(2*(x+a))+sin(x+a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(exp(sin(x)),a),exp(sin(x+a))) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(sin(x),2*pi),sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(sin(x),pi),-sin(x)) + assert_array_almost_equal(shift(sin(x),pi/2),cos(x)) + + +class TestOverwrite: + """Check input overwrite behavior """ + + real_dtypes = (np.float32, np.float64) + dtypes = real_dtypes + (np.complex64, np.complex128) + + def _check(self, x, routine, *args, **kwargs): + x2 = x.copy() + routine(x2, *args, **kwargs) + sig = routine.__name__ + if args: + sig += repr(args) + if kwargs: + sig += repr(kwargs) + assert_equal(x2, x, err_msg=f"spurious overwrite in {sig}") + + def _check_1d(self, routine, dtype, shape, *args, **kwargs): + # rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # np.random.seed(1234) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + data = rng.randn(*shape) + 1j*rng.randn(*shape) + else: + data = rng.randn(*shape) + data = data.astype(dtype) + self._check(data, routine, *args, **kwargs) + + def test_diff(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(diff, dtype, (16,)) + + def test_tilbert(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(tilbert, dtype, (16,), 1.6) + + def test_itilbert(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(itilbert, dtype, (16,), 1.6) + + def test_hilbert(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(hilbert, dtype, (16,)) + + def test_cs_diff(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(cs_diff, dtype, (16,), 1.0, 4.0) + + def test_sc_diff(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(sc_diff, dtype, (16,), 1.0, 4.0) + + def test_ss_diff(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(ss_diff, dtype, (16,), 1.0, 4.0) + + def test_cc_diff(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(cc_diff, dtype, (16,), 1.0, 4.0) + + def test_shift(self): + for dtype in self.dtypes: + self._check_1d(shift, dtype, (16,), 1.0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_real_transforms.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_real_transforms.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fc8d657a7fe36f28de3f94fa8f933bf6855499ab --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/fftpack/tests/test_real_transforms.py @@ -0,0 +1,836 @@ +from os.path import join, dirname +import threading + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal, assert_equal +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.fftpack._realtransforms import ( + dct, idct, dst, idst, dctn, idctn, dstn, idstn) + +# Matlab reference data +MDATA = np.load(join(dirname(__file__), 'test.npz')) +X = [MDATA[f'x{i}'] for i in range(8)] +Y = [MDATA[f'y{i}'] for i in range(8)] + +# FFTW reference data: the data are organized as follows: +# * SIZES is an array containing all available sizes +# * for every type (1, 2, 3, 4) and every size, the array dct_type_size +# contains the output of the DCT applied to the input np.linspace(0, size-1, +# size) +FFTWDATA_DOUBLE = np.load(join(dirname(__file__), 'fftw_double_ref.npz')) +FFTWDATA_SINGLE = np.load(join(dirname(__file__), 'fftw_single_ref.npz')) +FFTWDATA_SIZES = FFTWDATA_DOUBLE['sizes'] + + +def fftw_dct_ref(type, size, dt): + x = np.linspace(0, size-1, size).astype(dt) + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, dt) + if dt == np.float64: + data = FFTWDATA_DOUBLE + elif dt == np.float32: + data = FFTWDATA_SINGLE + else: + raise ValueError() + y = (data[f'dct_{type}_{size}']).astype(dt) + return x, y, dt + + +def fftw_dst_ref(type, size, dt): + x = np.linspace(0, size-1, size).astype(dt) + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, dt) + if dt == np.float64: + data = FFTWDATA_DOUBLE + elif dt == np.float32: + data = FFTWDATA_SINGLE + else: + raise ValueError() + y = (data[f'dst_{type}_{size}']).astype(dt) + return x, y, dt + + +def dct_2d_ref(x, **kwargs): + """Calculate reference values for testing dct2.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + for row in range(x.shape[0]): + x[row, :] = dct(x[row, :], **kwargs) + for col in range(x.shape[1]): + x[:, col] = dct(x[:, col], **kwargs) + return x + + +def idct_2d_ref(x, **kwargs): + """Calculate reference values for testing idct2.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + for row in range(x.shape[0]): + x[row, :] = idct(x[row, :], **kwargs) + for col in range(x.shape[1]): + x[:, col] = idct(x[:, col], **kwargs) + return x + + +def dst_2d_ref(x, **kwargs): + """Calculate reference values for testing dst2.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + for row in range(x.shape[0]): + x[row, :] = dst(x[row, :], **kwargs) + for col in range(x.shape[1]): + x[:, col] = dst(x[:, col], **kwargs) + return x + + +def idst_2d_ref(x, **kwargs): + """Calculate reference values for testing idst2.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + for row in range(x.shape[0]): + x[row, :] = idst(x[row, :], **kwargs) + for col in range(x.shape[1]): + x[:, col] = idst(x[:, col], **kwargs) + return x + + +def naive_dct1(x, norm=None): + """Calculate textbook definition version of DCT-I.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + N = len(x) + M = N-1 + y = np.zeros(N) + m0, m = 1, 2 + if norm == 'ortho': + m0 = np.sqrt(1.0/M) + m = np.sqrt(2.0/M) + for k in range(N): + for n in range(1, N-1): + y[k] += m*x[n]*np.cos(np.pi*n*k/M) + y[k] += m0 * x[0] + y[k] += m0 * x[N-1] * (1 if k % 2 == 0 else -1) + if norm == 'ortho': + y[0] *= 1/np.sqrt(2) + y[N-1] *= 1/np.sqrt(2) + return y + + +def naive_dst1(x, norm=None): + """Calculate textbook definition version of DST-I.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + N = len(x) + M = N+1 + y = np.zeros(N) + for k in range(N): + for n in range(N): + y[k] += 2*x[n]*np.sin(np.pi*(n+1.0)*(k+1.0)/M) + if norm == 'ortho': + y *= np.sqrt(0.5/M) + return y + + +def naive_dct4(x, norm=None): + """Calculate textbook definition version of DCT-IV.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + N = len(x) + y = np.zeros(N) + for k in range(N): + for n in range(N): + y[k] += x[n]*np.cos(np.pi*(n+0.5)*(k+0.5)/(N)) + if norm == 'ortho': + y *= np.sqrt(2.0/N) + else: + y *= 2 + return y + + +def naive_dst4(x, norm=None): + """Calculate textbook definition version of DST-IV.""" + x = np.array(x, copy=True) + N = len(x) + y = np.zeros(N) + for k in range(N): + for n in range(N): + y[k] += x[n]*np.sin(np.pi*(n+0.5)*(k+0.5)/(N)) + if norm == 'ortho': + y *= np.sqrt(2.0/N) + else: + y *= 2 + return y + + +class TestComplex: + def test_dct_complex64(self): + y = dct(1j*np.arange(5, dtype=np.complex64)) + x = 1j*dct(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + def test_dct_complex(self): + y = dct(np.arange(5)*1j) + x = 1j*dct(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + def test_idct_complex(self): + y = idct(np.arange(5)*1j) + x = 1j*idct(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + def test_dst_complex64(self): + y = dst(np.arange(5, dtype=np.complex64)*1j) + x = 1j*dst(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + def test_dst_complex(self): + y = dst(np.arange(5)*1j) + x = 1j*dst(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + def test_idst_complex(self): + y = idst(np.arange(5)*1j) + x = 1j*idst(np.arange(5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, y) + + +class _TestDCTBase: + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = None + self.dec = 14 + self.type = None + + @pytest.fixture + def dct_lock(self): + return threading.Lock() + + def test_definition(self, dct_lock): + for i in FFTWDATA_SIZES: + with dct_lock: + x, yr, dt = fftw_dct_ref(self.type, i, self.rdt) + y = dct(x, type=self.type) + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + # XXX: we divide by np.max(y) because the tests fail otherwise. We + # should really use something like assert_array_approx_equal. The + # difference is due to fftw using a better algorithm w.r.t error + # propagation compared to the ones from fftpack. + assert_array_almost_equal(y / np.max(y), yr / np.max(y), decimal=self.dec, + err_msg=f"Size {i} failed") + + def test_axis(self): + nt = 2 + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for i in [7, 8, 9, 16, 32, 64]: + x = rng.randn(nt, i) + y = dct(x, type=self.type) + for j in range(nt): + assert_array_almost_equal(y[j], dct(x[j], type=self.type), + decimal=self.dec) + + x = x.T + y = dct(x, axis=0, type=self.type) + for j in range(nt): + assert_array_almost_equal(y[:,j], dct(x[:,j], type=self.type), + decimal=self.dec) + + +class _TestDCTIBase(_TestDCTBase): + def test_definition_ortho(self): + # Test orthornomal mode. + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr in X: + x = np.array(xr, dtype=self.rdt) + y = dct(x, norm='ortho', type=1) + y2 = naive_dct1(x, norm='ortho') + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y / np.max(y), y2 / np.max(y), decimal=self.dec) + +class _TestDCTIIBase(_TestDCTBase): + def test_definition_matlab(self): + # Test correspondence with MATLAB (orthornomal mode). + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr, yr in zip(X, Y): + x = np.array(xr, dtype=dt) + y = dct(x, norm="ortho", type=2) + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yr, decimal=self.dec) + + +class _TestDCTIIIBase(_TestDCTBase): + def test_definition_ortho(self): + # Test orthornomal mode. + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr in X: + x = np.array(xr, dtype=self.rdt) + y = dct(x, norm='ortho', type=2) + xi = dct(y, norm="ortho", type=3) + assert_equal(xi.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(xi, x, decimal=self.dec) + +class _TestDCTIVBase(_TestDCTBase): + def test_definition_ortho(self): + # Test orthornomal mode. + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr in X: + x = np.array(xr, dtype=self.rdt) + y = dct(x, norm='ortho', type=4) + y2 = naive_dct4(x, norm='ortho') + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y / np.max(y), y2 / np.max(y), decimal=self.dec) + + +class TestDCTIDouble(_TestDCTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 10 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDCTIFloat(_TestDCTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDCTIInt(_TestDCTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDCTIIDouble(_TestDCTIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 10 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDCTIIFloat(_TestDCTIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDCTIIInt(_TestDCTIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDCTIIIDouble(_TestDCTIIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDCTIIIFloat(_TestDCTIIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDCTIIIInt(_TestDCTIIIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDCTIVDouble(_TestDCTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDCTIVFloat(_TestDCTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDCTIVInt(_TestDCTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + + +class _TestIDCTBase: + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = None + self.dec = 14 + self.type = None + + @pytest.fixture + def idct_lock(self): + return threading.Lock() + + def test_definition(self, idct_lock): + for i in FFTWDATA_SIZES: + with idct_lock: + xr, yr, dt = fftw_dct_ref(self.type, i, self.rdt) + x = idct(yr, type=self.type) + if self.type == 1: + x /= 2 * (i-1) + else: + x /= 2 * i + assert_equal(x.dtype, dt) + # XXX: we divide by np.max(y) because the tests fail otherwise. We + # should really use something like assert_array_approx_equal. The + # difference is due to fftw using a better algorithm w.r.t error + # propagation compared to the ones from fftpack. + assert_array_almost_equal(x / np.max(x), xr / np.max(x), decimal=self.dec, + err_msg=f"Size {i} failed") + +class TestIDCTIDouble(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 10 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDCTIFloat(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDCTIInt(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDCTIIDouble(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 10 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDCTIIFloat(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDCTIIInt(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDCTIIIDouble(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestIDCTIIIFloat(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestIDCTIIIInt(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 3 + +class TestIDCTIVDouble(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestIDCTIVFloat(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestIDCTIVInt(_TestIDCTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 4 + +class _TestDSTBase: + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = None # dtype + self.dec = None # number of decimals to match + self.type = None # dst type + + @pytest.fixture + def dst_lock(self): + return threading.Lock() + + def test_definition(self, dst_lock): + for i in FFTWDATA_SIZES: + with dst_lock: + xr, yr, dt = fftw_dst_ref(self.type, i, self.rdt) + y = dst(xr, type=self.type) + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + # XXX: we divide by np.max(y) because the tests fail otherwise. We + # should really use something like assert_array_approx_equal. The + # difference is due to fftw using a better algorithm w.r.t error + # propagation compared to the ones from fftpack. + assert_array_almost_equal(y / np.max(y), yr / np.max(y), decimal=self.dec, + err_msg=f"Size {i} failed") + + +class _TestDSTIBase(_TestDSTBase): + def test_definition_ortho(self): + # Test orthornomal mode. + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr in X: + x = np.array(xr, dtype=self.rdt) + y = dst(x, norm='ortho', type=1) + y2 = naive_dst1(x, norm='ortho') + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y / np.max(y), y2 / np.max(y), decimal=self.dec) + +class _TestDSTIVBase(_TestDSTBase): + def test_definition_ortho(self): + # Test orthornomal mode. + dt = np.result_type(np.float32, self.rdt) + for xr in X: + x = np.array(xr, dtype=self.rdt) + y = dst(x, norm='ortho', type=4) + y2 = naive_dst4(x, norm='ortho') + assert_equal(y.dtype, dt) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, y2, decimal=self.dec) + +class TestDSTIDouble(_TestDSTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDSTIFloat(_TestDSTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDSTIInt(_TestDSTIBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestDSTIIDouble(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDSTIIFloat(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDSTIIInt(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestDSTIIIDouble(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDSTIIIFloat(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 7 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDSTIIIInt(_TestDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 7 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestDSTIVDouble(_TestDSTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestDSTIVFloat(_TestDSTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestDSTIVInt(_TestDSTIVBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 5 + self.type = 4 + + +class _TestIDSTBase: + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = None + self.dec = None + self.type = None + + @pytest.fixture + def idst_lock(self): + return threading.Lock() + + def test_definition(self, idst_lock): + for i in FFTWDATA_SIZES: + with idst_lock: + xr, yr, dt = fftw_dst_ref(self.type, i, self.rdt) + x = idst(yr, type=self.type) + if self.type == 1: + x /= 2 * (i+1) + else: + x /= 2 * i + assert_equal(x.dtype, dt) + # XXX: we divide by np.max(x) because the tests fail otherwise. We + # should really use something like assert_array_approx_equal. The + # difference is due to fftw using a better algorithm w.r.t error + # propagation compared to the ones from fftpack. + assert_array_almost_equal(x / np.max(x), xr / np.max(x), decimal=self.dec, + err_msg=f"Size {i} failed") + + +class TestIDSTIDouble(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDSTIFloat(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDSTIInt(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 4 + self.type = 1 + + +class TestIDSTIIDouble(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDSTIIFloat(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDSTIIInt(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 2 + + +class TestIDSTIIIDouble(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 14 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestIDSTIIIFloat(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestIDSTIIIInt(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 3 + + +class TestIDSTIVDouble(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float64 + self.dec = 12 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestIDSTIVFloat(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = np.float32 + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestIDSTIVnt(_TestIDSTBase): + def setup_method(self): + self.rdt = int + self.dec = 6 + self.type = 4 + + +class TestOverwrite: + """Check input overwrite behavior.""" + + real_dtypes = [np.float32, np.float64] + + def _check(self, x, routine, type, fftsize, axis, norm, overwrite_x, **kw): + x2 = x.copy() + routine(x2, type, fftsize, axis, norm, overwrite_x=overwrite_x) + + sig = (f"{routine.__name__}({x.dtype}{x.shape!r}, {fftsize!r}, " + f"axis={axis!r}, overwrite_x={overwrite_x!r})") + if not overwrite_x: + assert_equal(x2, x, err_msg=f"spurious overwrite in {sig}") + + def _check_1d(self, routine, dtype, shape, axis): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + data = rng.randn(*shape) + 1j*rng.randn(*shape) + else: + data = rng.randn(*shape) + data = data.astype(dtype) + + for type in [1, 2, 3, 4]: + for overwrite_x in [True, False]: + for norm in [None, 'ortho']: + self._check(data, routine, type, None, axis, norm, + overwrite_x) + + def test_dct(self): + for dtype in self.real_dtypes: + self._check_1d(dct, dtype, (16,), -1) + self._check_1d(dct, dtype, (16, 2), 0) + self._check_1d(dct, dtype, (2, 16), 1) + + def test_idct(self): + for dtype in self.real_dtypes: + self._check_1d(idct, dtype, (16,), -1) + self._check_1d(idct, dtype, (16, 2), 0) + self._check_1d(idct, dtype, (2, 16), 1) + + def test_dst(self): + for dtype in self.real_dtypes: + self._check_1d(dst, dtype, (16,), -1) + self._check_1d(dst, dtype, (16, 2), 0) + self._check_1d(dst, dtype, (2, 16), 1) + + def test_idst(self): + for dtype in self.real_dtypes: + self._check_1d(idst, dtype, (16,), -1) + self._check_1d(idst, dtype, (16, 2), 0) + self._check_1d(idst, dtype, (2, 16), 1) + + +class Test_DCTN_IDCTN: + dec = 14 + dct_type = [1, 2, 3, 4] + norms = [None, 'ortho'] + rstate = np.random.RandomState(1234) + shape = (32, 16) + data = rstate.randn(*shape) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fforward,finverse', [(dctn, idctn), + (dstn, idstn)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axes', [None, + 1, (1,), [1], + 0, (0,), [0], + (0, 1), [0, 1], + (-2, -1), [-2, -1]]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dct_type', dct_type) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', ['ortho']) + def test_axes_round_trip(self, fforward, finverse, axes, dct_type, norm): + tmp = fforward(self.data, type=dct_type, axes=axes, norm=norm) + tmp = finverse(tmp, type=dct_type, axes=axes, norm=norm) + assert_array_almost_equal(self.data, tmp, decimal=12) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fforward,fforward_ref', [(dctn, dct_2d_ref), + (dstn, dst_2d_ref)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dct_type', dct_type) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', norms) + def test_dctn_vs_2d_reference(self, fforward, fforward_ref, + dct_type, norm): + y1 = fforward(self.data, type=dct_type, axes=None, norm=norm) + y2 = fforward_ref(self.data, type=dct_type, norm=norm) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2, decimal=11) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('finverse,finverse_ref', [(idctn, idct_2d_ref), + (idstn, idst_2d_ref)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dct_type', dct_type) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', [None, 'ortho']) + def test_idctn_vs_2d_reference(self, finverse, finverse_ref, + dct_type, norm): + fdata = dctn(self.data, type=dct_type, norm=norm) + y1 = finverse(fdata, type=dct_type, norm=norm) + y2 = finverse_ref(fdata, type=dct_type, norm=norm) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2, decimal=11) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fforward,finverse', [(dctn, idctn), + (dstn, idstn)]) + def test_axes_and_shape(self, fforward, finverse): + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="when given, axes and shape arguments" + " have to be of the same length"): + fforward(self.data, shape=self.data.shape[0], axes=(0, 1)) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="when given, axes and shape arguments" + " have to be of the same length"): + fforward(self.data, shape=self.data.shape[0], axes=None) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, + match="when given, axes and shape arguments" + " have to be of the same length"): + fforward(self.data, shape=self.data.shape, axes=0) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fforward', [dctn, dstn]) + def test_shape(self, fforward): + tmp = fforward(self.data, shape=(128, 128), axes=None) + assert_equal(tmp.shape, (128, 128)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fforward,finverse', [(dctn, idctn), + (dstn, idstn)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axes', [1, (1,), [1], + 0, (0,), [0]]) + 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index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/._vode.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/LICENSE_DOP b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/LICENSE_DOP new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..25058a7ef423593c505720032a99a5bb19503bfd --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/LICENSE_DOP @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ +Copyright (C) 2025 SciPy developers + +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: + + a. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, + this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + b. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. + c. Names of the SciPy Developers may not be used to endorse or promote + products derived from this software without specific prior written + permission. + +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" +AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS +BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, +OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF +SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN +CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) +ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF +THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + + +DOP library consisting Dormand-Prince (4)5 and 8(5,3) integrators, is a +C translation of the Fortran code written by Ernst Hairer, and Gerhard +Wanner with the original descriptions below. + +* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * + NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF A SYSTEM OF FIRST 0RDER + ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Y'=F(X,Y). + THIS IS AN EXPLICIT RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD OF ORDER 8(5,3) + DUE TO DORMAND & PRINCE (WITH STEPSIZE CONTROL AND + DENSE OUTPUT) + + AUTHORS: E. HAIRER AND G. WANNER + UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE, DEPT. DE MATHEMATIQUES + CH-1211 GENEVE 24, SWITZERLAND + E-MAIL: Ernst.Hairer@math.unige.ch + Gerhard.Wanner@math.unige.ch + + THIS CODE IS DESCRIBED IN: + E. HAIRER, S.P. NORSETT AND G. WANNER, SOLVING ORDINARY + DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS I. NONSTIFF PROBLEMS. 2ND EDITION. + SPRINGER SERIES IN COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICS, + SPRINGER-VERLAG (1993) + + VERSION OF APRIL 25, 1996 + (latest correction of a small bug: August 8, 2005) + +* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * + NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF A SYSTEM OF FIRST 0RDER + ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Y'=F(X,Y). + THIS IS AN EXPLICIT RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD OF ORDER (4)5 + DUE TO DORMAND & PRINCE (WITH STEPSIZE CONTROL AND + DENSE OUTPUT). + + AUTHORS: E. HAIRER AND G. WANNER + UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE, DEPT. DE MATHEMATIQUES + CH-1211 GENEVE 24, SWITZERLAND + E-MAIL: Ernst.Hairer@math.unige.ch + Gerhard.Wanner@math.unige.ch + + THIS CODE IS DESCRIBED IN: + E. HAIRER, S.P. NORSETT AND G. WANNER, SOLVING ORDINARY + DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS I. NONSTIFF PROBLEMS. 2ND EDITION. + SPRINGER SERIES IN COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICS, + SPRINGER-VERLAG (1993) + + VERSION OF APRIL 25, 1996 +* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * +* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/__init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1533b5c60b695fce0abf08e2163dfba3bdd4fb17 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +""" +============================================= +Integration and ODEs (:mod:`scipy.integrate`) +============================================= + +.. currentmodule:: scipy.integrate + +Integrating functions, given function object +============================================ + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + quad -- General purpose integration + quad_vec -- General purpose integration of vector-valued functions + cubature -- General purpose multi-dimensional integration of array-valued functions + dblquad -- General purpose double integration + tplquad -- General purpose triple integration + nquad -- General purpose N-D integration + tanhsinh -- General purpose elementwise integration + fixed_quad -- Integrate func(x) using Gaussian quadrature of order n + newton_cotes -- Weights and error coefficient for Newton-Cotes integration + lebedev_rule + qmc_quad -- N-D integration using Quasi-Monte Carlo quadrature + IntegrationWarning -- Warning on issues during integration + + +Integrating functions, given fixed samples +========================================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + trapezoid -- Use trapezoidal rule to compute integral. + cumulative_trapezoid -- Use trapezoidal rule to cumulatively compute integral. + simpson -- Use Simpson's rule to compute integral from samples. + cumulative_simpson -- Use Simpson's rule to cumulatively compute integral from samples. + romb -- Use Romberg Integration to compute integral from + -- (2**k + 1) evenly-spaced samples. + +.. seealso:: + + :mod:`scipy.special` for orthogonal polynomials (special) for Gaussian + quadrature roots and weights for other weighting factors and regions. + +Summation +========= + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + nsum + +Solving initial value problems for ODE systems +============================================== + +The solvers are implemented as individual classes, which can be used directly +(low-level usage) or through a convenience function. + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + solve_ivp -- Convenient function for ODE integration. + RK23 -- Explicit Runge-Kutta solver of order 3(2). + RK45 -- Explicit Runge-Kutta solver of order 5(4). + DOP853 -- Explicit Runge-Kutta solver of order 8. + Radau -- Implicit Runge-Kutta solver of order 5. + BDF -- Implicit multi-step variable order (1 to 5) solver. + LSODA -- LSODA solver from ODEPACK Fortran package. + OdeSolver -- Base class for ODE solvers. + DenseOutput -- Local interpolant for computing a dense output. + OdeSolution -- Class which represents a continuous ODE solution. + + +Old API +------- + +These are the routines developed earlier for SciPy. They wrap older solvers +implemented in Fortran (mostly ODEPACK). While the interface to them is not +particularly convenient and certain features are missing compared to the new +API, the solvers themselves are of good quality and work fast as compiled +Fortran code. In some cases, it might be worth using this old API. + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + odeint -- General integration of ordinary differential equations. + ode -- Integrate ODE using VODE and ZVODE routines. + complex_ode -- Convert a complex-valued ODE to real-valued and integrate. + ODEintWarning -- Warning raised during the execution of `odeint`. + + +Solving boundary value problems for ODE systems +=============================================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + solve_bvp -- Solve a boundary value problem for a system of ODEs. +""" # noqa: E501 + + +from ._quadrature import * +from ._odepack_py import * +from ._quadpack_py import * +from ._ode import * +from ._bvp import solve_bvp +from ._ivp import (solve_ivp, OdeSolution, DenseOutput, + OdeSolver, RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA) +from ._quad_vec import quad_vec +from ._tanhsinh import nsum, tanhsinh +from ._cubature import cubature +from ._lebedev import lebedev_rule + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from . import dop, lsoda, vode, odepack, quadpack + +__all__ = [s for s in dir() if not s.startswith('_')] + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_bvp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_bvp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c82ebd0a9c582685cbd1b1b1c128391abd57ebef --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_bvp.py @@ -0,0 +1,1162 @@ +"""Boundary value problem solver.""" +from warnings import warn + +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import pinv + +from scipy.sparse import coo_matrix, csc_matrix +from scipy.sparse.linalg import splu +from scipy.optimize import OptimizeResult +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +EPS = np.finfo(float).eps + + +def estimate_fun_jac(fun, x, y, p, f0=None): + """Estimate derivatives of an ODE system rhs with forward differences. + + Returns + ------- + df_dy : ndarray, shape (n, n, m) + Derivatives with respect to y. An element (i, j, q) corresponds to + d f_i(x_q, y_q) / d (y_q)_j. + df_dp : ndarray with shape (n, k, m) or None + Derivatives with respect to p. An element (i, j, q) corresponds to + d f_i(x_q, y_q, p) / d p_j. If `p` is empty, None is returned. + """ + n, m = y.shape + if f0 is None: + f0 = fun(x, y, p) + + dtype = y.dtype + + df_dy = np.empty((n, n, m), dtype=dtype) + h = EPS**0.5 * (1 + np.abs(y)) + for i in range(n): + y_new = y.copy() + y_new[i] += h[i] + hi = y_new[i] - y[i] + f_new = fun(x, y_new, p) + df_dy[:, i, :] = (f_new - f0) / hi + + k = p.shape[0] + if k == 0: + df_dp = None + else: + df_dp = np.empty((n, k, m), dtype=dtype) + h = EPS**0.5 * (1 + np.abs(p)) + for i in range(k): + p_new = p.copy() + p_new[i] += h[i] + hi = p_new[i] - p[i] + f_new = fun(x, y, p_new) + df_dp[:, i, :] = (f_new - f0) / hi + + return df_dy, df_dp + + +def estimate_bc_jac(bc, ya, yb, p, bc0=None): + """Estimate derivatives of boundary conditions with forward differences. + + Returns + ------- + dbc_dya : ndarray, shape (n + k, n) + Derivatives with respect to ya. An element (i, j) corresponds to + d bc_i / d ya_j. + dbc_dyb : ndarray, shape (n + k, n) + Derivatives with respect to yb. An element (i, j) corresponds to + d bc_i / d ya_j. + dbc_dp : ndarray with shape (n + k, k) or None + Derivatives with respect to p. An element (i, j) corresponds to + d bc_i / d p_j. If `p` is empty, None is returned. + """ + n = ya.shape[0] + k = p.shape[0] + + if bc0 is None: + bc0 = bc(ya, yb, p) + + dtype = ya.dtype + + dbc_dya = np.empty((n, n + k), dtype=dtype) + h = EPS**0.5 * (1 + np.abs(ya)) + for i in range(n): + ya_new = ya.copy() + ya_new[i] += h[i] + hi = ya_new[i] - ya[i] + bc_new = bc(ya_new, yb, p) + dbc_dya[i] = (bc_new - bc0) / hi + dbc_dya = dbc_dya.T + + h = EPS**0.5 * (1 + np.abs(yb)) + dbc_dyb = np.empty((n, n + k), dtype=dtype) + for i in range(n): + yb_new = yb.copy() + yb_new[i] += h[i] + hi = yb_new[i] - yb[i] + bc_new = bc(ya, yb_new, p) + dbc_dyb[i] = (bc_new - bc0) / hi + dbc_dyb = dbc_dyb.T + + if k == 0: + dbc_dp = None + else: + h = EPS**0.5 * (1 + np.abs(p)) + dbc_dp = np.empty((k, n + k), dtype=dtype) + for i in range(k): + p_new = p.copy() + p_new[i] += h[i] + hi = p_new[i] - p[i] + bc_new = bc(ya, yb, p_new) + dbc_dp[i] = (bc_new - bc0) / hi + dbc_dp = dbc_dp.T + + return dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp + + +def compute_jac_indices(n, m, k): + """Compute indices for the collocation system Jacobian construction. + + See `construct_global_jac` for the explanation. + """ + i_col = np.repeat(np.arange((m - 1) * n), n) + j_col = (np.tile(np.arange(n), n * (m - 1)) + + np.repeat(np.arange(m - 1) * n, n**2)) + + i_bc = np.repeat(np.arange((m - 1) * n, m * n + k), n) + j_bc = np.tile(np.arange(n), n + k) + + i_p_col = np.repeat(np.arange((m - 1) * n), k) + j_p_col = np.tile(np.arange(m * n, m * n + k), (m - 1) * n) + + i_p_bc = np.repeat(np.arange((m - 1) * n, m * n + k), k) + j_p_bc = np.tile(np.arange(m * n, m * n + k), n + k) + + i = np.hstack((i_col, i_col, i_bc, i_bc, i_p_col, i_p_bc)) + j = np.hstack((j_col, j_col + n, + j_bc, j_bc + (m - 1) * n, + j_p_col, j_p_bc)) + + return i, j + + +def stacked_matmul(a, b): + """Stacked matrix multiply: out[i,:,:] = np.dot(a[i,:,:], b[i,:,:]). + + Empirical optimization. Use outer Python loop and BLAS for large + matrices, otherwise use a single einsum call. + """ + if a.shape[1] > 50: + out = np.empty((a.shape[0], a.shape[1], b.shape[2])) + for i in range(a.shape[0]): + out[i] = np.dot(a[i], b[i]) + return out + else: + return np.einsum('...ij,...jk->...ik', a, b) + + +def construct_global_jac(n, m, k, i_jac, j_jac, h, df_dy, df_dy_middle, df_dp, + df_dp_middle, dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp): + """Construct the Jacobian of the collocation system. + + There are n * m + k functions: m - 1 collocations residuals, each + containing n components, followed by n + k boundary condition residuals. + + There are n * m + k variables: m vectors of y, each containing n + components, followed by k values of vector p. + + For example, let m = 4, n = 2 and k = 1, then the Jacobian will have + the following sparsity structure: + + 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 5 + 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 5 + 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 5 + 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 5 + 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 5 + 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 5 + + 3 3 0 0 0 0 4 4 6 + 3 3 0 0 0 0 4 4 6 + 3 3 0 0 0 0 4 4 6 + + Zeros denote identically zero values, other values denote different kinds + of blocks in the matrix (see below). The blank row indicates the separation + of collocation residuals from boundary conditions. And the blank column + indicates the separation of y values from p values. + + Refer to [1]_ (p. 306) for the formula of n x n blocks for derivatives + of collocation residuals with respect to y. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations in the ODE system. + m : int + Number of nodes in the mesh. + k : int + Number of the unknown parameters. + i_jac, j_jac : ndarray + Row and column indices returned by `compute_jac_indices`. They + represent different blocks in the Jacobian matrix in the following + order (see the scheme above): + + * 1: m - 1 diagonal n x n blocks for the collocation residuals. + * 2: m - 1 off-diagonal n x n blocks for the collocation residuals. + * 3 : (n + k) x n block for the dependency of the boundary + conditions on ya. + * 4: (n + k) x n block for the dependency of the boundary + conditions on yb. + * 5: (m - 1) * n x k block for the dependency of the collocation + residuals on p. + * 6: (n + k) x k block for the dependency of the boundary + conditions on p. + + df_dy : ndarray, shape (n, n, m) + Jacobian of f with respect to y computed at the mesh nodes. + df_dy_middle : ndarray, shape (n, n, m - 1) + Jacobian of f with respect to y computed at the middle between the + mesh nodes. + df_dp : ndarray with shape (n, k, m) or None + Jacobian of f with respect to p computed at the mesh nodes. + df_dp_middle : ndarray with shape (n, k, m - 1) or None + Jacobian of f with respect to p computed at the middle between the + mesh nodes. + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb : ndarray, shape (n, n) + Jacobian of bc with respect to ya and yb. + dbc_dp : ndarray with shape (n, k) or None + Jacobian of bc with respect to p. + + Returns + ------- + J : csc_matrix, shape (n * m + k, n * m + k) + Jacobian of the collocation system in a sparse form. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. Kierzenka, L. F. Shampine, "A BVP Solver Based on Residual + Control and the Maltab PSE", ACM Trans. Math. Softw., Vol. 27, + Number 3, pp. 299-316, 2001. + """ + df_dy = np.transpose(df_dy, (2, 0, 1)) + df_dy_middle = np.transpose(df_dy_middle, (2, 0, 1)) + + h = h[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + + dtype = df_dy.dtype + + # Computing diagonal n x n blocks. + dPhi_dy_0 = np.empty((m - 1, n, n), dtype=dtype) + dPhi_dy_0[:] = -np.identity(n) + dPhi_dy_0 -= h / 6 * (df_dy[:-1] + 2 * df_dy_middle) + T = stacked_matmul(df_dy_middle, df_dy[:-1]) + dPhi_dy_0 -= h**2 / 12 * T + + # Computing off-diagonal n x n blocks. + dPhi_dy_1 = np.empty((m - 1, n, n), dtype=dtype) + dPhi_dy_1[:] = np.identity(n) + dPhi_dy_1 -= h / 6 * (df_dy[1:] + 2 * df_dy_middle) + T = stacked_matmul(df_dy_middle, df_dy[1:]) + dPhi_dy_1 += h**2 / 12 * T + + values = np.hstack((dPhi_dy_0.ravel(), dPhi_dy_1.ravel(), dbc_dya.ravel(), + dbc_dyb.ravel())) + + if k > 0: + df_dp = np.transpose(df_dp, (2, 0, 1)) + df_dp_middle = np.transpose(df_dp_middle, (2, 0, 1)) + T = stacked_matmul(df_dy_middle, df_dp[:-1] - df_dp[1:]) + df_dp_middle += 0.125 * h * T + dPhi_dp = -h/6 * (df_dp[:-1] + df_dp[1:] + 4 * df_dp_middle) + values = np.hstack((values, dPhi_dp.ravel(), dbc_dp.ravel())) + + J = coo_matrix((values, (i_jac, j_jac))) + return csc_matrix(J) + + +def collocation_fun(fun, y, p, x, h): + """Evaluate collocation residuals. + + This function lies in the core of the method. The solution is sought + as a cubic C1 continuous spline with derivatives matching the ODE rhs + at given nodes `x`. Collocation conditions are formed from the equality + of the spline derivatives and rhs of the ODE system in the middle points + between nodes. + + Such method is classified to Lobbato IIIA family in ODE literature. + Refer to [1]_ for the formula and some discussion. + + Returns + ------- + col_res : ndarray, shape (n, m - 1) + Collocation residuals at the middle points of the mesh intervals. + y_middle : ndarray, shape (n, m - 1) + Values of the cubic spline evaluated at the middle points of the mesh + intervals. + f : ndarray, shape (n, m) + RHS of the ODE system evaluated at the mesh nodes. + f_middle : ndarray, shape (n, m - 1) + RHS of the ODE system evaluated at the middle points of the mesh + intervals (and using `y_middle`). + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. Kierzenka, L. F. Shampine, "A BVP Solver Based on Residual + Control and the Maltab PSE", ACM Trans. Math. Softw., Vol. 27, + Number 3, pp. 299-316, 2001. + """ + f = fun(x, y, p) + y_middle = (0.5 * (y[:, 1:] + y[:, :-1]) - + 0.125 * h * (f[:, 1:] - f[:, :-1])) + f_middle = fun(x[:-1] + 0.5 * h, y_middle, p) + col_res = y[:, 1:] - y[:, :-1] - h / 6 * (f[:, :-1] + f[:, 1:] + + 4 * f_middle) + + return col_res, y_middle, f, f_middle + + +def prepare_sys(n, m, k, fun, bc, fun_jac, bc_jac, x, h): + """Create the function and the Jacobian for the collocation system.""" + x_middle = x[:-1] + 0.5 * h + i_jac, j_jac = compute_jac_indices(n, m, k) + + def col_fun(y, p): + return collocation_fun(fun, y, p, x, h) + + def sys_jac(y, p, y_middle, f, f_middle, bc0): + if fun_jac is None: + df_dy, df_dp = estimate_fun_jac(fun, x, y, p, f) + df_dy_middle, df_dp_middle = estimate_fun_jac( + fun, x_middle, y_middle, p, f_middle) + else: + df_dy, df_dp = fun_jac(x, y, p) + df_dy_middle, df_dp_middle = fun_jac(x_middle, y_middle, p) + + if bc_jac is None: + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = estimate_bc_jac(bc, y[:, 0], y[:, -1], + p, bc0) + else: + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = bc_jac(y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + + return construct_global_jac(n, m, k, i_jac, j_jac, h, df_dy, + df_dy_middle, df_dp, df_dp_middle, dbc_dya, + dbc_dyb, dbc_dp) + + return col_fun, sys_jac + + +def solve_newton(n, m, h, col_fun, bc, jac, y, p, B, bvp_tol, bc_tol): + """Solve the nonlinear collocation system by a Newton method. + + This is a simple Newton method with a backtracking line search. As + advised in [1]_, an affine-invariant criterion function F = ||J^-1 r||^2 + is used, where J is the Jacobian matrix at the current iteration and r is + the vector or collocation residuals (values of the system lhs). + + The method alters between full Newton iterations and the fixed-Jacobian + iterations based + + There are other tricks proposed in [1]_, but they are not used as they + don't seem to improve anything significantly, and even break the + convergence on some test problems I tried. + + All important parameters of the algorithm are defined inside the function. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations in the ODE system. + m : int + Number of nodes in the mesh. + h : ndarray, shape (m-1,) + Mesh intervals. + col_fun : callable + Function computing collocation residuals. + bc : callable + Function computing boundary condition residuals. + jac : callable + Function computing the Jacobian of the whole system (including + collocation and boundary condition residuals). It is supposed to + return csc_matrix. + y : ndarray, shape (n, m) + Initial guess for the function values at the mesh nodes. + p : ndarray, shape (k,) + Initial guess for the unknown parameters. + B : ndarray with shape (n, n) or None + Matrix to force the S y(a) = 0 condition for a problems with the + singular term. If None, the singular term is assumed to be absent. + bvp_tol : float + Tolerance to which we want to solve a BVP. + bc_tol : float + Tolerance to which we want to satisfy the boundary conditions. + + Returns + ------- + y : ndarray, shape (n, m) + Final iterate for the function values at the mesh nodes. + p : ndarray, shape (k,) + Final iterate for the unknown parameters. + singular : bool + True, if the LU decomposition failed because Jacobian turned out + to be singular. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] U. Ascher, R. Mattheij and R. Russell "Numerical Solution of + Boundary Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations", + Philidelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, + 1995. + """ + # We know that the solution residuals at the middle points of the mesh + # are connected with collocation residuals r_middle = 1.5 * col_res / h. + # As our BVP solver tries to decrease relative residuals below a certain + # tolerance, it seems reasonable to terminated Newton iterations by + # comparison of r_middle / (1 + np.abs(f_middle)) with a certain threshold, + # which we choose to be 1.5 orders lower than the BVP tolerance. We rewrite + # the condition as col_res < tol_r * (1 + np.abs(f_middle)), then tol_r + # should be computed as follows: + tol_r = 2/3 * h * 5e-2 * bvp_tol + + # Maximum allowed number of Jacobian evaluation and factorization, in + # other words, the maximum number of full Newton iterations. A small value + # is recommended in the literature. + max_njev = 4 + + # Maximum number of iterations, considering that some of them can be + # performed with the fixed Jacobian. In theory, such iterations are cheap, + # but it's not that simple in Python. + max_iter = 8 + + # Minimum relative improvement of the criterion function to accept the + # step (Armijo constant). + sigma = 0.2 + + # Step size decrease factor for backtracking. + tau = 0.5 + + # Maximum number of backtracking steps, the minimum step is then + # tau ** n_trial. + n_trial = 4 + + col_res, y_middle, f, f_middle = col_fun(y, p) + bc_res = bc(y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + res = np.hstack((col_res.ravel(order='F'), bc_res)) + + njev = 0 + singular = False + recompute_jac = True + for iteration in range(max_iter): + if recompute_jac: + J = jac(y, p, y_middle, f, f_middle, bc_res) + njev += 1 + try: + LU = splu(J) + except RuntimeError: + singular = True + break + + step = LU.solve(res) + cost = np.dot(step, step) + + y_step = step[:m * n].reshape((n, m), order='F') + p_step = step[m * n:] + + alpha = 1 + for trial in range(n_trial + 1): + y_new = y - alpha * y_step + if B is not None: + y_new[:, 0] = np.dot(B, y_new[:, 0]) + p_new = p - alpha * p_step + + col_res, y_middle, f, f_middle = col_fun(y_new, p_new) + bc_res = bc(y_new[:, 0], y_new[:, -1], p_new) + res = np.hstack((col_res.ravel(order='F'), bc_res)) + + step_new = LU.solve(res) + cost_new = np.dot(step_new, step_new) + if cost_new < (1 - 2 * alpha * sigma) * cost: + break + + if trial < n_trial: + alpha *= tau + + y = y_new + p = p_new + + if njev == max_njev: + break + + if (np.all(np.abs(col_res) < tol_r * (1 + np.abs(f_middle))) and + np.all(np.abs(bc_res) < bc_tol)): + break + + # If the full step was taken, then we are going to continue with + # the same Jacobian. This is the approach of BVP_SOLVER. + if alpha == 1: + step = step_new + cost = cost_new + recompute_jac = False + else: + recompute_jac = True + + return y, p, singular + + +def print_iteration_header(): + print(f"{'Iteration':^15}{'Max residual':^15}{'Max BC residual':^15}" + f"{'Total nodes':^15}{'Nodes added':^15}") + + +def print_iteration_progress(iteration, residual, bc_residual, total_nodes, + nodes_added): + print(f"{iteration:^15}{residual:^15.2e}{bc_residual:^15.2e}" + f"{total_nodes:^15}{nodes_added:^15}") + + +class BVPResult(OptimizeResult): + pass + + +TERMINATION_MESSAGES = { + 0: "The algorithm converged to the desired accuracy.", + 1: "The maximum number of mesh nodes is exceeded.", + 2: "A singular Jacobian encountered when solving the collocation system.", + 3: "The solver was unable to satisfy boundary conditions tolerance on iteration 10." +} + + +def estimate_rms_residuals(fun, sol, x, h, p, r_middle, f_middle): + """Estimate rms values of collocation residuals using Lobatto quadrature. + + The residuals are defined as the difference between the derivatives of + our solution and rhs of the ODE system. We use relative residuals, i.e., + normalized by 1 + np.abs(f). RMS values are computed as sqrt from the + normalized integrals of the squared relative residuals over each interval. + Integrals are estimated using 5-point Lobatto quadrature [1]_, we use the + fact that residuals at the mesh nodes are identically zero. + + In [2] they don't normalize integrals by interval lengths, which gives + a higher rate of convergence of the residuals by the factor of h**0.5. + I chose to do such normalization for an ease of interpretation of return + values as RMS estimates. + + Returns + ------- + rms_res : ndarray, shape (m - 1,) + Estimated rms values of the relative residuals over each interval. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LobattoQuadrature.html + .. [2] J. Kierzenka, L. F. Shampine, "A BVP Solver Based on Residual + Control and the Maltab PSE", ACM Trans. Math. Softw., Vol. 27, + Number 3, pp. 299-316, 2001. + """ + x_middle = x[:-1] + 0.5 * h + s = 0.5 * h * (3/7)**0.5 + x1 = x_middle + s + x2 = x_middle - s + y1 = sol(x1) + y2 = sol(x2) + y1_prime = sol(x1, 1) + y2_prime = sol(x2, 1) + f1 = fun(x1, y1, p) + f2 = fun(x2, y2, p) + r1 = y1_prime - f1 + r2 = y2_prime - f2 + + r_middle /= 1 + np.abs(f_middle) + r1 /= 1 + np.abs(f1) + r2 /= 1 + np.abs(f2) + + r1 = np.sum(np.real(r1 * np.conj(r1)), axis=0) + r2 = np.sum(np.real(r2 * np.conj(r2)), axis=0) + r_middle = np.sum(np.real(r_middle * np.conj(r_middle)), axis=0) + + return (0.5 * (32 / 45 * r_middle + 49 / 90 * (r1 + r2))) ** 0.5 + + +def create_spline(y, yp, x, h): + """Create a cubic spline given values and derivatives. + + Formulas for the coefficients are taken from interpolate.CubicSpline. + + Returns + ------- + sol : PPoly + Constructed spline as a PPoly instance. + """ + from scipy.interpolate import PPoly + + n, m = y.shape + c = np.empty((4, n, m - 1), dtype=y.dtype) + slope = (y[:, 1:] - y[:, :-1]) / h + t = (yp[:, :-1] + yp[:, 1:] - 2 * slope) / h + c[0] = t / h + c[1] = (slope - yp[:, :-1]) / h - t + c[2] = yp[:, :-1] + c[3] = y[:, :-1] + c = np.moveaxis(c, 1, 0) + + return PPoly(c, x, extrapolate=True, axis=1) + + +def modify_mesh(x, insert_1, insert_2): + """Insert nodes into a mesh. + + Nodes removal logic is not established, its impact on the solver is + presumably negligible. So, only insertion is done in this function. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : ndarray, shape (m,) + Mesh nodes. + insert_1 : ndarray + Intervals to each insert 1 new node in the middle. + insert_2 : ndarray + Intervals to each insert 2 new nodes, such that divide an interval + into 3 equal parts. + + Returns + ------- + x_new : ndarray + New mesh nodes. + + Notes + ----- + `insert_1` and `insert_2` should not have common values. + """ + # Because np.insert implementation apparently varies with a version of + # NumPy, we use a simple and reliable approach with sorting. + return np.sort(np.hstack(( + x, + 0.5 * (x[insert_1] + x[insert_1 + 1]), + (2 * x[insert_2] + x[insert_2 + 1]) / 3, + (x[insert_2] + 2 * x[insert_2 + 1]) / 3 + ))) + + +def wrap_functions(fun, bc, fun_jac, bc_jac, k, a, S, D, dtype): + """Wrap functions for unified usage in the solver.""" + if fun_jac is None: + fun_jac_wrapped = None + + if bc_jac is None: + bc_jac_wrapped = None + + if k == 0: + def fun_p(x, y, _): + return np.asarray(fun(x, y), dtype) + + def bc_wrapped(ya, yb, _): + return np.asarray(bc(ya, yb), dtype) + + if fun_jac is not None: + def fun_jac_p(x, y, _): + return np.asarray(fun_jac(x, y), dtype), None + + if bc_jac is not None: + def bc_jac_wrapped(ya, yb, _): + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb = bc_jac(ya, yb) + return (np.asarray(dbc_dya, dtype), + np.asarray(dbc_dyb, dtype), None) + else: + def fun_p(x, y, p): + return np.asarray(fun(x, y, p), dtype) + + def bc_wrapped(x, y, p): + return np.asarray(bc(x, y, p), dtype) + + if fun_jac is not None: + def fun_jac_p(x, y, p): + df_dy, df_dp = fun_jac(x, y, p) + return np.asarray(df_dy, dtype), np.asarray(df_dp, dtype) + + if bc_jac is not None: + def bc_jac_wrapped(ya, yb, p): + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = bc_jac(ya, yb, p) + return (np.asarray(dbc_dya, dtype), np.asarray(dbc_dyb, dtype), + np.asarray(dbc_dp, dtype)) + + if S is None: + fun_wrapped = fun_p + else: + def fun_wrapped(x, y, p): + f = fun_p(x, y, p) + if x[0] == a: + f[:, 0] = np.dot(D, f[:, 0]) + f[:, 1:] += np.dot(S, y[:, 1:]) / (x[1:] - a) + else: + f += np.dot(S, y) / (x - a) + return f + + if fun_jac is not None: + if S is None: + fun_jac_wrapped = fun_jac_p + else: + Sr = S[:, :, np.newaxis] + + def fun_jac_wrapped(x, y, p): + df_dy, df_dp = fun_jac_p(x, y, p) + if x[0] == a: + df_dy[:, :, 0] = np.dot(D, df_dy[:, :, 0]) + df_dy[:, :, 1:] += Sr / (x[1:] - a) + else: + df_dy += Sr / (x - a) + + return df_dy, df_dp + + return fun_wrapped, bc_wrapped, fun_jac_wrapped, bc_jac_wrapped + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def solve_bvp(fun, bc, x, y, p=None, S=None, fun_jac=None, bc_jac=None, + tol=1e-3, max_nodes=1000, verbose=0, bc_tol=None): + """Solve a boundary value problem for a system of ODEs. + + This function numerically solves a first order system of ODEs subject to + two-point boundary conditions:: + + dy / dx = f(x, y, p) + S * y / (x - a), a <= x <= b + bc(y(a), y(b), p) = 0 + + Here x is a 1-D independent variable, y(x) is an n-D + vector-valued function and p is a k-D vector of unknown + parameters which is to be found along with y(x). For the problem to be + determined, there must be n + k boundary conditions, i.e., bc must be an + (n + k)-D function. + + The last singular term on the right-hand side of the system is optional. + It is defined by an n-by-n matrix S, such that the solution must satisfy + S y(a) = 0. This condition will be forced during iterations, so it must not + contradict boundary conditions. See [2]_ for the explanation how this term + is handled when solving BVPs numerically. + + Problems in a complex domain can be solved as well. In this case, y and p + are considered to be complex, and f and bc are assumed to be complex-valued + functions, but x stays real. Note that f and bc must be complex + differentiable (satisfy Cauchy-Riemann equations [4]_), otherwise you + should rewrite your problem for real and imaginary parts separately. To + solve a problem in a complex domain, pass an initial guess for y with a + complex data type (see below). + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. The calling signature is ``fun(x, y)``, + or ``fun(x, y, p)`` if parameters are present. All arguments are + ndarray: ``x`` with shape (m,), ``y`` with shape (n, m), meaning that + ``y[:, i]`` corresponds to ``x[i]``, and ``p`` with shape (k,). The + return value must be an array with shape (n, m) and with the same + layout as ``y``. + bc : callable + Function evaluating residuals of the boundary conditions. The calling + signature is ``bc(ya, yb)``, or ``bc(ya, yb, p)`` if parameters are + present. All arguments are ndarray: ``ya`` and ``yb`` with shape (n,), + and ``p`` with shape (k,). The return value must be an array with + shape (n + k,). + x : array_like, shape (m,) + Initial mesh. Must be a strictly increasing sequence of real numbers + with ``x[0]=a`` and ``x[-1]=b``. + y : array_like, shape (n, m) + Initial guess for the function values at the mesh nodes, ith column + corresponds to ``x[i]``. For problems in a complex domain pass `y` + with a complex data type (even if the initial guess is purely real). + p : array_like with shape (k,) or None, optional + Initial guess for the unknown parameters. If None (default), it is + assumed that the problem doesn't depend on any parameters. + S : array_like with shape (n, n) or None + Matrix defining the singular term. If None (default), the problem is + solved without the singular term. + fun_jac : callable or None, optional + Function computing derivatives of f with respect to y and p. The + calling signature is ``fun_jac(x, y)``, or ``fun_jac(x, y, p)`` if + parameters are present. The return must contain 1 or 2 elements in the + following order: + + * df_dy : array_like with shape (n, n, m), where an element + (i, j, q) equals to d f_i(x_q, y_q, p) / d (y_q)_j. + * df_dp : array_like with shape (n, k, m), where an element + (i, j, q) equals to d f_i(x_q, y_q, p) / d p_j. + + Here q numbers nodes at which x and y are defined, whereas i and j + number vector components. If the problem is solved without unknown + parameters, df_dp should not be returned. + + If `fun_jac` is None (default), the derivatives will be estimated + by the forward finite differences. + bc_jac : callable or None, optional + Function computing derivatives of bc with respect to ya, yb, and p. + The calling signature is ``bc_jac(ya, yb)``, or ``bc_jac(ya, yb, p)`` + if parameters are present. The return must contain 2 or 3 elements in + the following order: + + * dbc_dya : array_like with shape (n, n), where an element (i, j) + equals to d bc_i(ya, yb, p) / d ya_j. + * dbc_dyb : array_like with shape (n, n), where an element (i, j) + equals to d bc_i(ya, yb, p) / d yb_j. + * dbc_dp : array_like with shape (n, k), where an element (i, j) + equals to d bc_i(ya, yb, p) / d p_j. + + If the problem is solved without unknown parameters, dbc_dp should not + be returned. + + If `bc_jac` is None (default), the derivatives will be estimated by + the forward finite differences. + tol : float, optional + Desired tolerance of the solution. If we define ``r = y' - f(x, y)``, + where y is the found solution, then the solver tries to achieve on each + mesh interval ``norm(r / (1 + abs(f)) < tol``, where ``norm`` is + estimated in a root mean squared sense (using a numerical quadrature + formula). Default is 1e-3. + max_nodes : int, optional + Maximum allowed number of the mesh nodes. If exceeded, the algorithm + terminates. Default is 1000. + verbose : {0, 1, 2}, optional + Level of algorithm's verbosity: + + * 0 (default) : work silently. + * 1 : display a termination report. + * 2 : display progress during iterations. + bc_tol : float, optional + Desired absolute tolerance for the boundary condition residuals: `bc` + value should satisfy ``abs(bc) < bc_tol`` component-wise. + Equals to `tol` by default. Up to 10 iterations are allowed to achieve this + tolerance. + + Returns + ------- + Bunch object with the following fields defined: + sol : PPoly + Found solution for y as `scipy.interpolate.PPoly` instance, a C1 + continuous cubic spline. + p : ndarray or None, shape (k,) + Found parameters. None, if the parameters were not present in the + problem. + x : ndarray, shape (m,) + Nodes of the final mesh. + y : ndarray, shape (n, m) + Solution values at the mesh nodes. + yp : ndarray, shape (n, m) + Solution derivatives at the mesh nodes. + rms_residuals : ndarray, shape (m - 1,) + RMS values of the relative residuals over each mesh interval (see the + description of `tol` parameter). + niter : int + Number of completed iterations. + status : int + Reason for algorithm termination: + + * 0: The algorithm converged to the desired accuracy. + * 1: The maximum number of mesh nodes is exceeded. + * 2: A singular Jacobian encountered when solving the collocation + system. + + message : string + Verbal description of the termination reason. + success : bool + True if the algorithm converged to the desired accuracy (``status=0``). + + Notes + ----- + This function implements a 4th order collocation algorithm with the + control of residuals similar to [1]_. A collocation system is solved + by a damped Newton method with an affine-invariant criterion function as + described in [3]_. + + Note that in [1]_ integral residuals are defined without normalization + by interval lengths. So, their definition is different by a multiplier of + h**0.5 (h is an interval length) from the definition used here. + + .. versionadded:: 0.18.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. Kierzenka, L. F. Shampine, "A BVP Solver Based on Residual + Control and the Maltab PSE", ACM Trans. Math. Softw., Vol. 27, + Number 3, pp. 299-316, 2001. + .. [2] L.F. Shampine, P. H. Muir and H. Xu, "A User-Friendly Fortran BVP + Solver", J. Numer. Anal., Ind. Appl. Math. (JNAIAM), Vol. 1, + Number 2, pp. 201-217, 2006. + .. [3] U. Ascher, R. Mattheij and R. Russell "Numerical Solution of + Boundary Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations", + Philidelphia, PA: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, + 1995. + :doi:`10.1137/1.9781611971231` + .. [4] `Cauchy-Riemann equations + `_ on + Wikipedia. + + Examples + -------- + In the first example, we solve Bratu's problem:: + + y'' + k * exp(y) = 0 + y(0) = y(1) = 0 + + for k = 1. + + We rewrite the equation as a first-order system and implement its + right-hand side evaluation:: + + y1' = y2 + y2' = -exp(y1) + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> def fun(x, y): + ... return np.vstack((y[1], -np.exp(y[0]))) + + Implement evaluation of the boundary condition residuals: + + >>> def bc(ya, yb): + ... return np.array([ya[0], yb[0]]) + + Define the initial mesh with 5 nodes: + + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + + This problem is known to have two solutions. To obtain both of them, we + use two different initial guesses for y. We denote them by subscripts + a and b. + + >>> y_a = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + >>> y_b = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + >>> y_b[0] = 3 + + Now we are ready to run the solver. + + >>> from scipy.integrate import solve_bvp + >>> res_a = solve_bvp(fun, bc, x, y_a) + >>> res_b = solve_bvp(fun, bc, x, y_b) + + Let's plot the two found solutions. We take an advantage of having the + solution in a spline form to produce a smooth plot. + + >>> x_plot = np.linspace(0, 1, 100) + >>> y_plot_a = res_a.sol(x_plot)[0] + >>> y_plot_b = res_b.sol(x_plot)[0] + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> plt.plot(x_plot, y_plot_a, label='y_a') + >>> plt.plot(x_plot, y_plot_b, label='y_b') + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.xlabel("x") + >>> plt.ylabel("y") + >>> plt.show() + + We see that the two solutions have similar shape, but differ in scale + significantly. + + In the second example, we solve a simple Sturm-Liouville problem:: + + y'' + k**2 * y = 0 + y(0) = y(1) = 0 + + It is known that a non-trivial solution y = A * sin(k * x) is possible for + k = pi * n, where n is an integer. To establish the normalization constant + A = 1 we add a boundary condition:: + + y'(0) = k + + Again, we rewrite our equation as a first-order system and implement its + right-hand side evaluation:: + + y1' = y2 + y2' = -k**2 * y1 + + >>> def fun(x, y, p): + ... k = p[0] + ... return np.vstack((y[1], -k**2 * y[0])) + + Note that parameters p are passed as a vector (with one element in our + case). + + Implement the boundary conditions: + + >>> def bc(ya, yb, p): + ... k = p[0] + ... return np.array([ya[0], yb[0], ya[1] - k]) + + Set up the initial mesh and guess for y. We aim to find the solution for + k = 2 * pi, to achieve that we set values of y to approximately follow + sin(2 * pi * x): + + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + >>> y = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + >>> y[0, 1] = 1 + >>> y[0, 3] = -1 + + Run the solver with 6 as an initial guess for k. + + >>> sol = solve_bvp(fun, bc, x, y, p=[6]) + + We see that the found k is approximately correct: + + >>> sol.p[0] + 6.28329460046 + + And, finally, plot the solution to see the anticipated sinusoid: + + >>> x_plot = np.linspace(0, 1, 100) + >>> y_plot = sol.sol(x_plot)[0] + >>> plt.plot(x_plot, y_plot) + >>> plt.xlabel("x") + >>> plt.ylabel("y") + >>> plt.show() + """ + x = np.asarray(x, dtype=float) + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`x` must be 1 dimensional.") + h = np.diff(x) + if np.any(h <= 0): + raise ValueError("`x` must be strictly increasing.") + a = x[0] + + y = np.asarray(y) + if np.issubdtype(y.dtype, np.complexfloating): + dtype = complex + else: + dtype = float + y = y.astype(dtype, copy=False) + + if y.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError("`y` must be 2 dimensional.") + if y.shape[1] != x.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f"`y` is expected to have {x.shape[0]} columns, but actually " + f"has {y.shape[1]}.") + + if p is None: + p = np.array([]) + else: + p = np.asarray(p, dtype=dtype) + if p.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`p` must be 1 dimensional.") + + if tol < 100 * EPS: + warn(f"`tol` is too low, setting to {100 * EPS:.2e}", stacklevel=2) + tol = 100 * EPS + + if verbose not in [0, 1, 2]: + raise ValueError("`verbose` must be in [0, 1, 2].") + + n = y.shape[0] + k = p.shape[0] + + if S is not None: + S = np.asarray(S, dtype=dtype) + if S.shape != (n, n): + raise ValueError(f"`S` is expected to have shape {(n, n)}, " + f"but actually has {S.shape}") + + # Compute I - S^+ S to impose necessary boundary conditions. + B = np.identity(n) - np.dot(pinv(S), S) + + y[:, 0] = np.dot(B, y[:, 0]) + + # Compute (I - S)^+ to correct derivatives at x=a. + D = pinv(np.identity(n) - S) + else: + B = None + D = None + + if bc_tol is None: + bc_tol = tol + + # Maximum number of iterations + max_iteration = 10 + + fun_wrapped, bc_wrapped, fun_jac_wrapped, bc_jac_wrapped = wrap_functions( + fun, bc, fun_jac, bc_jac, k, a, S, D, dtype) + + f = fun_wrapped(x, y, p) + if f.shape != y.shape: + raise ValueError(f"`fun` return is expected to have shape {y.shape}, " + f"but actually has {f.shape}.") + + bc_res = bc_wrapped(y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + if bc_res.shape != (n + k,): + raise ValueError(f"`bc` return is expected to have shape {(n + k,)}, " + f"but actually has {bc_res.shape}.") + + status = 0 + iteration = 0 + if verbose == 2: + print_iteration_header() + + while True: + m = x.shape[0] + + col_fun, jac_sys = prepare_sys(n, m, k, fun_wrapped, bc_wrapped, + fun_jac_wrapped, bc_jac_wrapped, x, h) + y, p, singular = solve_newton(n, m, h, col_fun, bc_wrapped, jac_sys, + y, p, B, tol, bc_tol) + iteration += 1 + + col_res, y_middle, f, f_middle = collocation_fun(fun_wrapped, y, + p, x, h) + bc_res = bc_wrapped(y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + max_bc_res = np.max(abs(bc_res)) + + # This relation is not trivial, but can be verified. + r_middle = 1.5 * col_res / h + sol = create_spline(y, f, x, h) + rms_res = estimate_rms_residuals(fun_wrapped, sol, x, h, p, + r_middle, f_middle) + max_rms_res = np.max(rms_res) + + if singular: + status = 2 + break + + insert_1, = np.nonzero((rms_res > tol) & (rms_res < 100 * tol)) + insert_2, = np.nonzero(rms_res >= 100 * tol) + nodes_added = insert_1.shape[0] + 2 * insert_2.shape[0] + + if m + nodes_added > max_nodes: + status = 1 + if verbose == 2: + nodes_added = f"({nodes_added})" + print_iteration_progress(iteration, max_rms_res, max_bc_res, + m, nodes_added) + break + + if verbose == 2: + print_iteration_progress(iteration, max_rms_res, max_bc_res, m, + nodes_added) + + if nodes_added > 0: + x = modify_mesh(x, insert_1, insert_2) + h = np.diff(x) + y = sol(x) + elif max_bc_res <= bc_tol: + status = 0 + break + elif iteration >= max_iteration: + status = 3 + break + + if verbose > 0: + if status == 0: + print(f"Solved in {iteration} iterations, number of nodes {x.shape[0]}. \n" + f"Maximum relative residual: {max_rms_res:.2e} \n" + f"Maximum boundary residual: {max_bc_res:.2e}") + elif status == 1: + print(f"Number of nodes is exceeded after iteration {iteration}. \n" + f"Maximum relative residual: {max_rms_res:.2e} \n" + f"Maximum boundary residual: {max_bc_res:.2e}") + elif status == 2: + print("Singular Jacobian encountered when solving the collocation " + f"system on iteration {iteration}. \n" + f"Maximum relative residual: {max_rms_res:.2e} \n" + f"Maximum boundary residual: {max_bc_res:.2e}") + elif status == 3: + print("The solver was unable to satisfy boundary conditions " + f"tolerance on iteration {iteration}. \n" + f"Maximum relative residual: {max_rms_res:.2e} \n" + f"Maximum boundary residual: {max_bc_res:.2e}") + + if p.size == 0: + p = None + + return BVPResult(sol=sol, p=p, x=x, y=y, yp=f, rms_residuals=rms_res, + niter=iteration, status=status, + message=TERMINATION_MESSAGES[status], success=status == 0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_cubature.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_cubature.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ede36e4ca40b0df376de1809b047e5a032c6a3bd --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_cubature.py @@ -0,0 +1,731 @@ +import math +import heapq +import itertools + +from dataclasses import dataclass, field +from types import ModuleType +from typing import Any, TypeAlias + +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + array_namespace, + xp_size, + xp_copy, + xp_promote, + xp_capabilities +) +from scipy._lib._util import MapWrapper + +from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + ProductNestedFixed, + GaussKronrodQuadrature, + GenzMalikCubature, +) +from scipy.integrate._rules._base import _split_subregion + +__all__ = ['cubature'] + +Array: TypeAlias = Any # To be changed to an array-api-typing Protocol later + + +@dataclass +class CubatureRegion: + estimate: Array + error: Array + a: Array + b: Array + _xp: ModuleType = field(repr=False) + + def __lt__(self, other): + # Consider regions with higher error estimates as being "less than" regions with + # lower order estimates, so that regions with high error estimates are placed at + # the top of the heap. + + this_err = self._xp.max(self._xp.abs(self.error)) + other_err = self._xp.max(self._xp.abs(other.error)) + + return this_err > other_err + + +@dataclass +class CubatureResult: + estimate: Array + error: Array + status: str + regions: list[CubatureRegion] + subdivisions: int + atol: float + rtol: float + + +@xp_capabilities(allow_dask_compute=True, jax_jit=False) +def cubature(f, a, b, *, rule="gk21", rtol=1e-8, atol=0, max_subdivisions=10000, + args=(), workers=1, points=None): + r""" + Adaptive cubature of multidimensional array-valued function. + + Given an arbitrary integration rule, this function returns an estimate of the + integral to the requested tolerance over the region defined by the arrays `a` and + `b` specifying the corners of a hypercube. + + Convergence is not guaranteed for all integrals. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Function to integrate. `f` must have the signature:: + + f(x : ndarray, *args) -> ndarray + + `f` should accept arrays ``x`` of shape:: + + (npoints, ndim) + + and output arrays of shape:: + + (npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + + In this case, `cubature` will return arrays of shape:: + + (output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + a, b : array_like + Lower and upper limits of integration as 1D arrays specifying the left and right + endpoints of the intervals being integrated over. Limits can be infinite. + rule : str, optional + Rule used to estimate the integral. If passing a string, the options are + "gauss-kronrod" (21 node), or "genz-malik" (degree 7). If a rule like + "gauss-kronrod" is specified for an ``n``-dim integrand, the corresponding + Cartesian product rule is used. "gk21", "gk15" are also supported for + compatibility with `quad_vec`. See Notes. + rtol, atol : float, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. Iterations are performed until the error is + estimated to be less than ``atol + rtol * abs(est)``. Here `rtol` controls + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls absolute + accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the desired `rtol`, set + `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that can be expected from + ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the allowable error. If `atol` is + larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the number of correct digits is not guaranteed. + Conversely, to achieve the desired `atol`, set `rtol` such that + ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller than `atol`. Default values are 1e-8 for + `rtol` and 0 for `atol`. + max_subdivisions : int, optional + Upper bound on the number of subdivisions to perform. Default is 10,000. + args : tuple, optional + Additional positional args passed to `f`, if any. + workers : int or map-like callable, optional + If `workers` is an integer, part of the computation is done in parallel + subdivided to this many tasks (using :class:`python:multiprocessing.pool.Pool`). + Supply `-1` to use all cores available to the Process. Alternatively, supply a + map-like callable, such as :meth:`python:multiprocessing.pool.Pool.map` for + evaluating the population in parallel. This evaluation is carried out as + ``workers(func, iterable)``. + points : list of array_like, optional + List of points to avoid evaluating `f` at, under the condition that the rule + being used does not evaluate `f` on the boundary of a region (which is the + case for all Genz-Malik and Gauss-Kronrod rules). This can be useful if `f` has + a singularity at the specified point. This should be a list of array-likes where + each element has length ``ndim``. Default is empty. See Examples. + + Returns + ------- + res : object + Object containing the results of the estimation. It has the following + attributes: + + estimate : ndarray + Estimate of the value of the integral over the overall region specified. + error : ndarray + Estimate of the error of the approximation over the overall region + specified. + status : str + Whether the estimation was successful. Can be either: "converged", + "not_converged". + subdivisions : int + Number of subdivisions performed. + atol, rtol : float + Requested tolerances for the approximation. + regions: list of object + List of objects containing the estimates of the integral over smaller + regions of the domain. + + Each object in ``regions`` has the following attributes: + + a, b : ndarray + Points describing the corners of the region. If the original integral + contained infinite limits or was over a region described by `region`, + then `a` and `b` are in the transformed coordinates. + estimate : ndarray + Estimate of the value of the integral over this region. + error : ndarray + Estimate of the error of the approximation over this region. + + Notes + ----- + The algorithm uses a similar algorithm to `quad_vec`, which itself is based on the + implementation of QUADPACK's DQAG* algorithms, implementing global error control and + adaptive subdivision. + + The source of the nodes and weights used for Gauss-Kronrod quadrature can be found + in [1]_, and the algorithm for calculating the nodes and weights in Genz-Malik + cubature can be found in [2]_. + + The rules currently supported via the `rule` argument are: + + - ``"gauss-kronrod"``, 21-node Gauss-Kronrod + - ``"genz-malik"``, n-node Genz-Malik + + If using Gauss-Kronrod for an ``n``-dim integrand where ``n > 2``, then the + corresponding Cartesian product rule will be found by taking the Cartesian product + of the nodes in the 1D case. This means that the number of nodes scales + exponentially as ``21^n`` in the Gauss-Kronrod case, which may be problematic in a + moderate number of dimensions. + + Genz-Malik is typically less accurate than Gauss-Kronrod but has much fewer nodes, + so in this situation using "genz-malik" might be preferable. + + Infinite limits are handled with an appropriate variable transformation. Assuming + ``a = [a_1, ..., a_n]`` and ``b = [b_1, ..., b_n]``: + + If :math:`a_i = -\infty` and :math:`b_i = \infty`, the i-th integration variable + will use the transformation :math:`x = \frac{1-|t|}{t}` and :math:`t \in (-1, 1)`. + + If :math:`a_i \ne \pm\infty` and :math:`b_i = \infty`, the i-th integration variable + will use the transformation :math:`x = a_i + \frac{1-t}{t}` and + :math:`t \in (0, 1)`. + + If :math:`a_i = -\infty` and :math:`b_i \ne \pm\infty`, the i-th integration + variable will use the transformation :math:`x = b_i - \frac{1-t}{t}` and + :math:`t \in (0, 1)`. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] R. Piessens, E. de Doncker, Quadpack: A Subroutine Package for Automatic + Integration, files: dqk21.f, dqk15.f (1983). + + .. [2] A.C. Genz, A.A. Malik, Remarks on algorithm 006: An adaptive algorithm for + numerical integration over an N-dimensional rectangular region, Journal of + Computational and Applied Mathematics, Volume 6, Issue 4, 1980, Pages 295-302, + ISSN 0377-0427 + :doi:`10.1016/0771-050X(80)90039-X` + + Examples + -------- + **1D integral with vector output**: + + .. math:: + + \int^1_0 \mathbf f(x) \text dx + + Where ``f(x) = x^n`` and ``n = np.arange(10)`` is a vector. Since no rule is + specified, the default "gk21" is used, which corresponds to Gauss-Kronrod + integration with 21 nodes. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> def f(x, n): + ... # Make sure x and n are broadcastable + ... return x[:, np.newaxis]**n[np.newaxis, :] + >>> res = cubature( + ... f, + ... a=[0], + ... b=[1], + ... args=(np.arange(10),), + ... ) + >>> res.estimate + array([1. , 0.5 , 0.33333333, 0.25 , 0.2 , + 0.16666667, 0.14285714, 0.125 , 0.11111111, 0.1 ]) + + **7D integral with arbitrary-shaped array output**:: + + f(x) = cos(2*pi*r + alphas @ x) + + for some ``r`` and ``alphas``, and the integral is performed over the unit + hybercube, :math:`[0, 1]^7`. Since the integral is in a moderate number of + dimensions, "genz-malik" is used rather than the default "gauss-kronrod" to + avoid constructing a product rule with :math:`21^7 \approx 2 \times 10^9` nodes. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> def f(x, r, alphas): + ... # f(x) = cos(2*pi*r + alphas @ x) + ... # Need to allow r and alphas to be arbitrary shape + ... npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + ... alphas = alphas[np.newaxis, ...] + ... x = x.reshape(npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim) + ... return np.cos(2*np.pi*r + np.sum(alphas * x, axis=-1)) + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> r, alphas = rng.random((2, 3)), rng.random((2, 3, 7)) + >>> res = cubature( + ... f=f, + ... a=np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]), + ... b=np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]), + ... rtol=1e-5, + ... rule="genz-malik", + ... args=(r, alphas), + ... ) + >>> res.estimate + array([[-0.79812452, 0.35246913, -0.52273628], + [ 0.88392779, 0.59139899, 0.41895111]]) + + **Parallel computation with** `workers`: + + >>> from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor + >>> with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor: + ... res = cubature( + ... f=f, + ... a=np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]), + ... b=np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]), + ... rtol=1e-5, + ... rule="genz-malik", + ... args=(r, alphas), + ... workers=executor.map, + ... ) + >>> res.estimate + array([[-0.79812452, 0.35246913, -0.52273628], + [ 0.88392779, 0.59139899, 0.41895111]]) + + **2D integral with infinite limits**: + + .. math:: + + \int^{ \infty }_{ -\infty } + \int^{ \infty }_{ -\infty } + e^{-x^2-y^2} + \text dy + \text dx + + >>> def gaussian(x): + ... return np.exp(-np.sum(x**2, axis=-1)) + >>> res = cubature(gaussian, [-np.inf, -np.inf], [np.inf, np.inf]) + >>> res.estimate + 3.1415926 + + **1D integral with singularities avoided using** `points`: + + .. math:: + + \int^{ 1 }_{ -1 } + \frac{\sin(x)}{x} + \text dx + + It is necessary to use the `points` parameter to avoid evaluating `f` at the origin. + + >>> def sinc(x): + ... return np.sin(x)/x + >>> res = cubature(sinc, [-1], [1], points=[[0]]) + >>> res.estimate + 1.8921661 + """ + + # It is also possible to use a custom rule, but this is not yet part of the public + # API. An example of this can be found in the class scipy.integrate._rules.Rule. + + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + max_subdivisions = float("inf") if max_subdivisions is None else max_subdivisions + points = [] if points is None else points + + # Convert a and b to arrays and convert each point in points to an array, promoting + # each to a common floating dtype. + a, b, *points = xp_promote(a, b, *points, broadcast=True, force_floating=True, + xp=xp) + result_dtype = a.dtype + + if xp_size(a) == 0 or xp_size(b) == 0: + raise ValueError("`a` and `b` must be nonempty") + + if a.ndim != 1 or b.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`a` and `b` must be 1D arrays") + + # If the rule is a string, convert to a corresponding product rule + if isinstance(rule, str): + ndim = xp_size(a) + + if rule == "genz-malik": + rule = GenzMalikCubature(ndim, xp=xp) + else: + quadratues = { + "gauss-kronrod": GaussKronrodQuadrature(21, xp=xp), + + # Also allow names quad_vec uses: + "gk21": GaussKronrodQuadrature(21, xp=xp), + "gk15": GaussKronrodQuadrature(15, xp=xp), + } + + base_rule = quadratues.get(rule) + + if base_rule is None: + raise ValueError(f"unknown rule {rule}") + + rule = ProductNestedFixed([base_rule] * ndim) + + # If any of limits are the wrong way around (a > b), flip them and keep track of + # the sign. + sign = (-1) ** xp.sum(xp.astype(a > b, xp.int8), dtype=result_dtype) + + a_flipped = xp.min(xp.stack([a, b]), axis=0) + b_flipped = xp.max(xp.stack([a, b]), axis=0) + + a, b = a_flipped, b_flipped + + # If any of the limits are infinite, apply a transformation + if xp.any(xp.isinf(a)) or xp.any(xp.isinf(b)): + f = _InfiniteLimitsTransform(f, a, b, xp=xp) + a, b = f.transformed_limits + + # Map points from the original coordinates to the new transformed coordinates. + # + # `points` is a list of arrays of shape (ndim,), but transformations are applied + # to arrays of shape (npoints, ndim). + # + # It is not possible to combine all the points into one array and then apply + # f.inv to all of them at once since `points` needs to remain iterable. + # Instead, each point is reshaped to an array of shape (1, ndim), `f.inv` is + # applied, and then each is reshaped back to (ndim,). + points = [xp.reshape(point, (1, -1)) for point in points] + points = [f.inv(point) for point in points] + points = [xp.reshape(point, (-1,)) for point in points] + + # Include any problematic points introduced by the transformation + points.extend(f.points) + + # If any problematic points are specified, divide the initial region so that these + # points lie on the edge of a subregion. + # + # This means ``f`` won't be evaluated there if the rule being used has no evaluation + # points on the boundary. + if len(points) == 0: + initial_regions = [(a, b)] + else: + initial_regions = _split_region_at_points(a, b, points, xp) + + regions = [] + est = 0.0 + err = 0.0 + + for a_k, b_k in initial_regions: + est_k = rule.estimate(f, a_k, b_k, args) + err_k = rule.estimate_error(f, a_k, b_k, args) + regions.append(CubatureRegion(est_k, err_k, a_k, b_k, xp)) + + est += est_k + err += err_k + + subdivisions = 0 + success = True + + with MapWrapper(workers) as mapwrapper: + while xp.any(err > atol + rtol * xp.abs(est)): + # region_k is the region with highest estimated error + region_k = heapq.heappop(regions) + + est_k = region_k.estimate + err_k = region_k.error + + a_k, b_k = region_k.a, region_k.b + + # Subtract the estimate of the integral and its error over this region from + # the current global estimates, since these will be refined in the loop over + # all subregions. + est -= est_k + err -= err_k + + # Find all 2^ndim subregions formed by splitting region_k along each axis, + # e.g. for 1D integrals this splits an estimate over an interval into an + # estimate over two subintervals, for 3D integrals this splits an estimate + # over a cube into 8 subcubes. + # + # For each of the new subregions, calculate an estimate for the integral and + # the error there, and push these regions onto the heap for potential + # further subdividing. + + executor_args = zip( + itertools.repeat(f), + itertools.repeat(rule), + itertools.repeat(args), + _split_subregion(a_k, b_k, xp), + ) + + for subdivision_result in mapwrapper(_process_subregion, executor_args): + a_k_sub, b_k_sub, est_sub, err_sub = subdivision_result + + est += est_sub + err += err_sub + + new_region = CubatureRegion(est_sub, err_sub, a_k_sub, b_k_sub, xp) + + heapq.heappush(regions, new_region) + + subdivisions += 1 + + if subdivisions >= max_subdivisions: + success = False + break + + status = "converged" if success else "not_converged" + + # Apply sign change to handle any limits which were initially flipped. + est = sign * est + + return CubatureResult( + estimate=est, + error=err, + status=status, + subdivisions=subdivisions, + regions=regions, + atol=atol, + rtol=rtol, + ) + + +def _process_subregion(data): + f, rule, args, coord = data + a_k_sub, b_k_sub = coord + + est_sub = rule.estimate(f, a_k_sub, b_k_sub, args) + err_sub = rule.estimate_error(f, a_k_sub, b_k_sub, args) + + return a_k_sub, b_k_sub, est_sub, err_sub + + +def _is_strictly_in_region(a, b, point, xp): + if xp.all(point == a) or xp.all(point == b): + return False + + return xp.all(a <= point) and xp.all(point <= b) + + +def _split_region_at_points(a, b, points, xp): + """ + Given the integration limits `a` and `b` describing a rectangular region and a list + of `points`, find the list of ``[(a_1, b_1), ..., (a_l, b_l)]`` which breaks up the + initial region into smaller subregion such that no `points` lie strictly inside + any of the subregions. + """ + + regions = [(a, b)] + + for point in points: + if xp.any(xp.isinf(point)): + # If a point is specified at infinity, ignore. + # + # This case occurs when points are given by the user to avoid, but after + # applying a transformation, they are removed. + continue + + new_subregions = [] + + for a_k, b_k in regions: + if _is_strictly_in_region(a_k, b_k, point, xp): + subregions = _split_subregion(a_k, b_k, xp, point) + + for left, right in subregions: + # Skip any zero-width regions. + if xp.any(left == right): + continue + else: + new_subregions.append((left, right)) + + new_subregions.extend(subregions) + + else: + new_subregions.append((a_k, b_k)) + + regions = new_subregions + + return regions + + +class _VariableTransform: + """ + A transformation that can be applied to an integral. + """ + + @property + def transformed_limits(self): + """ + New limits of integration after applying the transformation. + """ + + raise NotImplementedError + + @property + def points(self): + """ + Any problematic points introduced by the transformation. + + These should be specified as points where ``_VariableTransform(f)(self, point)`` + would be problematic. + + For example, if the transformation ``x = 1/((1-t)(1+t))`` is applied to a + univariate integral, then points should return ``[ [1], [-1] ]``. + """ + + return [] + + def inv(self, x): + """ + Map points ``x`` to ``t`` such that if ``f`` is the original function and ``g`` + is the function after the transformation is applied, then:: + + f(x) = g(self.inv(x)) + """ + + raise NotImplementedError + + def __call__(self, t, *args, **kwargs): + """ + Apply the transformation to ``f`` and multiply by the Jacobian determinant. + This should be the new integrand after the transformation has been applied so + that the following is satisfied:: + + f_transformed = _VariableTransform(f) + + cubature(f, a, b) == cubature( + f_transformed, + *f_transformed.transformed_limits(a, b), + ) + """ + + raise NotImplementedError + + +class _InfiniteLimitsTransform(_VariableTransform): + r""" + Transformation for handling infinite limits. + + Assuming ``a = [a_1, ..., a_n]`` and ``b = [b_1, ..., b_n]``: + + If :math:`a_i = -\infty` and :math:`b_i = \infty`, the i-th integration variable + will use the transformation :math:`x = \frac{1-|t|}{t}` and :math:`t \in (-1, 1)`. + + If :math:`a_i \ne \pm\infty` and :math:`b_i = \infty`, the i-th integration variable + will use the transformation :math:`x = a_i + \frac{1-t}{t}` and + :math:`t \in (0, 1)`. + + If :math:`a_i = -\infty` and :math:`b_i \ne \pm\infty`, the i-th integration + variable will use the transformation :math:`x = b_i - \frac{1-t}{t}` and + :math:`t \in (0, 1)`. + """ + + def __init__(self, f, a, b, xp): + self._xp = xp + + self._f = f + self._orig_a = a + self._orig_b = b + + # (-oo, oo) will be mapped to (-1, 1). + self._double_inf_pos = (a == -math.inf) & (b == math.inf) + + # (start, oo) will be mapped to (0, 1). + start_inf_mask = (a != -math.inf) & (b == math.inf) + + # (-oo, end) will be mapped to (0, 1). + inf_end_mask = (a == -math.inf) & (b != math.inf) + + # This is handled by making the transformation t = -x and reducing it to + # the other semi-infinite case. + self._semi_inf_pos = start_inf_mask | inf_end_mask + + # Since we flip the limits, we don't need to separately multiply the + # integrand by -1. + self._orig_a[inf_end_mask] = -b[inf_end_mask] + self._orig_b[inf_end_mask] = -a[inf_end_mask] + + self._num_inf = self._xp.sum( + self._xp.astype(self._double_inf_pos | self._semi_inf_pos, self._xp.int64), + ).__int__() + + @property + def transformed_limits(self): + a = xp_copy(self._orig_a) + b = xp_copy(self._orig_b) + + a[self._double_inf_pos] = -1 + b[self._double_inf_pos] = 1 + + a[self._semi_inf_pos] = 0 + b[self._semi_inf_pos] = 1 + + return a, b + + @property + def points(self): + # If there are infinite limits, then the origin becomes a problematic point + # due to a division by zero there. + + # If the function using this class only wraps f when a and b contain infinite + # limits, this condition will always be met (as is the case with cubature). + # + # If a and b do not contain infinite limits but f is still wrapped with this + # class, then without this condition the initial region of integration will + # be split around the origin unnecessarily. + if self._num_inf != 0: + return [self._xp.zeros(self._orig_a.shape)] + else: + return [] + + def inv(self, x): + t = xp_copy(x) + npoints = x.shape[0] + + double_inf_mask = self._xp.tile( + self._double_inf_pos[self._xp.newaxis, :], + (npoints, 1), + ) + + semi_inf_mask = self._xp.tile( + self._semi_inf_pos[self._xp.newaxis, :], + (npoints, 1), + ) + + # If any components of x are 0, then this component will be mapped to infinity + # under the transformation used for doubly-infinite limits. + # + # Handle the zero values and non-zero values separately to avoid division by + # zero. + zero_mask = x[double_inf_mask] == 0 + non_zero_mask = double_inf_mask & ~zero_mask + t[zero_mask] = math.inf + t[non_zero_mask] = 1/(x[non_zero_mask] + self._xp.sign(x[non_zero_mask])) + + start = self._xp.tile(self._orig_a[self._semi_inf_pos], (npoints,)) + t[semi_inf_mask] = 1/(x[semi_inf_mask] - start + 1) + + return t + + def __call__(self, t, *args, **kwargs): + x = xp_copy(t) + npoints = t.shape[0] + + double_inf_mask = self._xp.tile( + self._double_inf_pos[self._xp.newaxis, :], + (npoints, 1), + ) + + semi_inf_mask = self._xp.tile( + self._semi_inf_pos[self._xp.newaxis, :], + (npoints, 1), + ) + + # For (-oo, oo) -> (-1, 1), use the transformation x = (1-|t|)/t. + x[double_inf_mask] = ( + (1 - self._xp.abs(t[double_inf_mask])) / t[double_inf_mask] + ) + + start = self._xp.tile(self._orig_a[self._semi_inf_pos], (npoints,)) + + # For (start, oo) -> (0, 1), use the transformation x = start + (1-t)/t. + x[semi_inf_mask] = start + (1 - t[semi_inf_mask]) / t[semi_inf_mask] + + jacobian_det = 1/self._xp.prod( + self._xp.reshape( + t[semi_inf_mask | double_inf_mask]**2, + (-1, self._num_inf), + ), + axis=-1, + ) + + f_x = self._f(x, *args, **kwargs) + jacobian_det = self._xp.reshape(jacobian_det, (-1, *([1]*(len(f_x.shape) - 1)))) + + return f_x * jacobian_det diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_dop.cpython-312-darwin.so 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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +"""Suite of ODE solvers implemented in Python.""" +from .ivp import solve_ivp +from .rk import RK23, RK45, DOP853 +from .radau import Radau +from .bdf import BDF +from .lsoda import LSODA +from .common import OdeSolution +from .base import DenseOutput, OdeSolver diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/base.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/base.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2815fed00edc49da88c07e081c5787ce311589d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/base.py @@ -0,0 +1,298 @@ +from types import GenericAlias +import numpy as np + + +def check_arguments(fun, y0, support_complex): + """Helper function for checking arguments common to all solvers.""" + y0 = np.asarray(y0) + if np.issubdtype(y0.dtype, np.complexfloating): + if not support_complex: + raise ValueError("`y0` is complex, but the chosen solver does " + "not support integration in a complex domain.") + dtype = complex + else: + dtype = float + y0 = y0.astype(dtype, copy=False) + + if y0.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`y0` must be 1-dimensional.") + + if not np.isfinite(y0).all(): + raise ValueError("All components of the initial state `y0` must be finite.") + + def fun_wrapped(t, y): + return np.asarray(fun(t, y), dtype=dtype) + + return fun_wrapped, y0 + + +class OdeSolver: + """Base class for ODE solvers. + + In order to implement a new solver you need to follow the guidelines: + + 1. A constructor must accept parameters presented in the base class + (listed below) along with any other parameters specific to a solver. + 2. A constructor must accept arbitrary extraneous arguments + ``**extraneous``, but warn that these arguments are irrelevant + using `common.warn_extraneous` function. Do not pass these + arguments to the base class. + 3. A solver must implement a private method `_step_impl(self)` which + propagates a solver one step further. It must return tuple + ``(success, message)``, where ``success`` is a boolean indicating + whether a step was successful, and ``message`` is a string + containing description of a failure if a step failed or None + otherwise. + 4. A solver must implement a private method `_dense_output_impl(self)`, + which returns a `DenseOutput` object covering the last successful + step. + 5. A solver must have attributes listed below in Attributes section. + Note that ``t_old`` and ``step_size`` are updated automatically. + 6. Use `fun(self, t, y)` method for the system rhs evaluation, this + way the number of function evaluations (`nfev`) will be tracked + automatically. + 7. For convenience, a base class provides `fun_single(self, t, y)` and + `fun_vectorized(self, t, y)` for evaluating the rhs in + non-vectorized and vectorized fashions respectively (regardless of + how `fun` from the constructor is implemented). These calls don't + increment `nfev`. + 8. If a solver uses a Jacobian matrix and LU decompositions, it should + track the number of Jacobian evaluations (`njev`) and the number of + LU decompositions (`nlu`). + 9. By convention, the function evaluations used to compute a finite + difference approximation of the Jacobian should not be counted in + `nfev`, thus use `fun_single(self, t, y)` or + `fun_vectorized(self, t, y)` when computing a finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. ``fun`` must + return an array of the same shape as ``y``. See `vectorized` for more + information. + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time --- the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + vectorized : bool + Whether `fun` can be called in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by methods 'Radau' and 'BDF', but + will result in slower execution for other methods. It can also + result in slower overall execution for 'Radau' and 'BDF' in some + circumstances (e.g. small ``len(y0)``). + support_complex : bool, optional + Whether integration in a complex domain should be supported. + Generally determined by a derived solver class capabilities. + Default is False. + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number of the system's rhs evaluations. + njev : int + Number of the Jacobian evaluations. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. + """ + TOO_SMALL_STEP = "Required step size is less than spacing between numbers." + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, vectorized, + support_complex=False): + self.t_old = None + self.t = t0 + self._fun, self.y = check_arguments(fun, y0, support_complex) + self.t_bound = t_bound + self.vectorized = vectorized + + if vectorized: + def fun_single(t, y): + return self._fun(t, y[:, None]).ravel() + fun_vectorized = self._fun + else: + fun_single = self._fun + + def fun_vectorized(t, y): + f = np.empty_like(y) + for i, yi in enumerate(y.T): + f[:, i] = self._fun(t, yi) + return f + + def fun(t, y): + self.nfev += 1 + return self.fun_single(t, y) + + self.fun = fun + self.fun_single = fun_single + self.fun_vectorized = fun_vectorized + + self.direction = np.sign(t_bound - t0) if t_bound != t0 else 1 + self.n = self.y.size + self.status = 'running' + + self.nfev = 0 + self.njev = 0 + self.nlu = 0 + + @property + def step_size(self): + if self.t_old is None: + return None + else: + return np.abs(self.t - self.t_old) + + def step(self): + """Perform one integration step. + + Returns + ------- + message : string or None + Report from the solver. Typically a reason for a failure if + `self.status` is 'failed' after the step was taken or None + otherwise. + """ + if self.status != 'running': + raise RuntimeError("Attempt to step on a failed or finished " + "solver.") + + if self.n == 0 or self.t == self.t_bound: + # Handle corner cases of empty solver or no integration. + self.t_old = self.t + self.t = self.t_bound + message = None + self.status = 'finished' + else: + t = self.t + success, message = self._step_impl() + + if not success: + self.status = 'failed' + else: + self.t_old = t + if self.direction * (self.t - self.t_bound) >= 0: + self.status = 'finished' + + return message + + def dense_output(self): + """Compute a local interpolant over the last successful step. + + Returns + ------- + sol : `DenseOutput` + Local interpolant over the last successful step. + """ + if self.t_old is None: + raise RuntimeError("Dense output is available after a successful " + "step was made.") + + if self.n == 0 or self.t == self.t_old: + # Handle corner cases of empty solver and no integration. + return ConstantDenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, self.y) + else: + return self._dense_output_impl() + + def _step_impl(self): + raise NotImplementedError + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + raise NotImplementedError + + +class DenseOutput: + """Base class for local interpolant over step made by an ODE solver. + + It interpolates between `t_min` and `t_max` (see Attributes below). + Evaluation outside this interval is not forbidden, but the accuracy is not + guaranteed. + + Attributes + ---------- + t_min, t_max : float + Time range of the interpolation. + """ + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, t_old, t): + self.t_old = t_old + self.t = t + self.t_min = min(t, t_old) + self.t_max = max(t, t_old) + + def __call__(self, t): + """Evaluate the interpolant. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : float or array_like with shape (n_points,) + Points to evaluate the solution at. + + Returns + ------- + y : ndarray, shape (n,) or (n, n_points) + Computed values. Shape depends on whether `t` was a scalar or a + 1-D array. + """ + t = np.asarray(t) + if t.ndim > 1: + raise ValueError("`t` must be a float or a 1-D array.") + return self._call_impl(t) + + def _call_impl(self, t): + raise NotImplementedError + + +class ConstantDenseOutput(DenseOutput): + """Constant value interpolator. + + This class used for degenerate integration cases: equal integration limits + or a system with 0 equations. + """ + def __init__(self, t_old, t, value): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.value = value + + def _call_impl(self, t): + if t.ndim == 0: + return self.value + else: + ret = np.empty((self.value.shape[0], t.shape[0])) + ret[:] = self.value[:, None] + return ret diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/bdf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/bdf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7a267445cd38a9e255f546ef85f69597f5bda4d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/bdf.py @@ -0,0 +1,479 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import lu_factor, lu_solve +from scipy.sparse import issparse, csc_matrix, eye +from scipy.sparse.linalg import splu +from scipy.optimize._numdiff import group_columns +from .common import (validate_max_step, validate_tol, select_initial_step, + norm, EPS, num_jac, validate_first_step, + warn_extraneous) +from .base import OdeSolver, DenseOutput + + +MAX_ORDER = 5 +NEWTON_MAXITER = 4 +MIN_FACTOR = 0.2 +MAX_FACTOR = 10 + + +def compute_R(order, factor): + """Compute the matrix for changing the differences array.""" + I = np.arange(1, order + 1)[:, None] + J = np.arange(1, order + 1) + M = np.zeros((order + 1, order + 1)) + M[1:, 1:] = (I - 1 - factor * J) / I + M[0] = 1 + return np.cumprod(M, axis=0) + + +def change_D(D, order, factor): + """Change differences array in-place when step size is changed.""" + R = compute_R(order, factor) + U = compute_R(order, 1) + RU = R.dot(U) + D[:order + 1] = np.dot(RU.T, D[:order + 1]) + + +def solve_bdf_system(fun, t_new, y_predict, c, psi, LU, solve_lu, scale, tol): + """Solve the algebraic system resulting from BDF method.""" + d = 0 + y = y_predict.copy() + dy_norm_old = None + converged = False + for k in range(NEWTON_MAXITER): + f = fun(t_new, y) + if not np.all(np.isfinite(f)): + break + + dy = solve_lu(LU, c * f - psi - d) + dy_norm = norm(dy / scale) + + if dy_norm_old is None: + rate = None + else: + rate = dy_norm / dy_norm_old + + if (rate is not None and (rate >= 1 or + rate ** (NEWTON_MAXITER - k) / (1 - rate) * dy_norm > tol)): + break + + y += dy + d += dy + + if (dy_norm == 0 or + rate is not None and rate / (1 - rate) * dy_norm < tol): + converged = True + break + + dy_norm_old = dy_norm + + return converged, k + 1, y, d + + +class BDF(OdeSolver): + """Implicit method based on backward-differentiation formulas. + + This is a variable order method with the order varying automatically from + 1 to 5. The general framework of the BDF algorithm is described in [1]_. + This class implements a quasi-constant step size as explained in [2]_. + The error estimation strategy for the constant-step BDF is derived in [3]_. + An accuracy enhancement using modified formulas (NDF) [2]_ is also implemented. + + Can be applied in the complex domain. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. ``fun`` must + return an array of the same shape as ``y``. See `vectorized` for more + information. + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + jac : {None, array_like, sparse_matrix, callable}, optional + Jacobian matrix of the right-hand side of the system with respect to y, + required by this method. The Jacobian matrix has shape (n, n) and its + element (i, j) is equal to ``d f_i / d y_j``. + There are three ways to define the Jacobian: + + * If array_like or sparse_matrix, the Jacobian is assumed to + be constant. + * If callable, the Jacobian is assumed to depend on both + t and y; it will be called as ``jac(t, y)`` as necessary. + For the 'Radau' and 'BDF' methods, the return value might be a + sparse matrix. + * If None (default), the Jacobian will be approximated by + finite differences. + + It is generally recommended to provide the Jacobian rather than + relying on a finite-difference approximation. + jac_sparsity : {None, array_like, sparse matrix}, optional + Defines a sparsity structure of the Jacobian matrix for a + finite-difference approximation. Its shape must be (n, n). This argument + is ignored if `jac` is not `None`. If the Jacobian has only few non-zero + elements in *each* row, providing the sparsity structure will greatly + speed up the computations [4]_. A zero entry means that a corresponding + element in the Jacobian is always zero. If None (default), the Jacobian + is assumed to be dense. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` can be called in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by this method, but may result in slower + execution overall in some circumstances (e.g. small ``len(y0)``). + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number of evaluations of the right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] G. D. Byrne, A. C. Hindmarsh, "A Polyalgorithm for the Numerical + Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations", ACM Transactions on + Mathematical Software, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 71-96, March 1975. + .. [2] L. F. Shampine, M. W. Reichelt, "THE MATLAB ODE SUITE", SIAM J. SCI. + COMPUTE., Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 1-22, January 1997. + .. [3] E. Hairer, G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential Equations I: + Nonstiff Problems", Sec. III.2. + .. [4] A. Curtis, M. J. D. Powell, and J. Reid, "On the estimation of + sparse Jacobian matrices", Journal of the Institute of Mathematics + and its Applications, 13, pp. 117-120, 1974. + """ + + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, max_step=np.inf, + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6, jac=None, jac_sparsity=None, + vectorized=False, first_step=None, **extraneous): + warn_extraneous(extraneous) + super().__init__(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, vectorized, + support_complex=True) + self.max_step = validate_max_step(max_step) + self.rtol, self.atol = validate_tol(rtol, atol, self.n) + f = self.fun(self.t, self.y) + if first_step is None: + self.h_abs = select_initial_step(self.fun, self.t, self.y, + t_bound, max_step, f, + self.direction, 1, + self.rtol, self.atol) + else: + self.h_abs = validate_first_step(first_step, t0, t_bound) + self.h_abs_old = None + self.error_norm_old = None + + self.newton_tol = max(10 * EPS / rtol, min(0.03, rtol ** 0.5)) + + self.jac_factor = None + self.jac, self.J = self._validate_jac(jac, jac_sparsity) + if issparse(self.J): + def lu(A): + self.nlu += 1 + return splu(A) + + def solve_lu(LU, b): + return LU.solve(b) + + I = eye(self.n, format='csc', dtype=self.y.dtype) + else: + def lu(A): + self.nlu += 1 + return lu_factor(A, overwrite_a=True) + + def solve_lu(LU, b): + return lu_solve(LU, b, overwrite_b=True) + + I = np.identity(self.n, dtype=self.y.dtype) + + self.lu = lu + self.solve_lu = solve_lu + self.I = I + + kappa = np.array([0, -0.1850, -1/9, -0.0823, -0.0415, 0]) + self.gamma = np.hstack((0, np.cumsum(1 / np.arange(1, MAX_ORDER + 1)))) + self.alpha = (1 - kappa) * self.gamma + self.error_const = kappa * self.gamma + 1 / np.arange(1, MAX_ORDER + 2) + + D = np.empty((MAX_ORDER + 3, self.n), dtype=self.y.dtype) + D[0] = self.y + D[1] = f * self.h_abs * self.direction + self.D = D + + self.order = 1 + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + self.LU = None + + def _validate_jac(self, jac, sparsity): + t0 = self.t + y0 = self.y + + if jac is None: + if sparsity is not None: + if issparse(sparsity): + sparsity = csc_matrix(sparsity) + groups = group_columns(sparsity) + sparsity = (sparsity, groups) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y): + self.njev += 1 + f = self.fun_single(t, y) + J, self.jac_factor = num_jac(self.fun_vectorized, t, y, f, + self.atol, self.jac_factor, + sparsity) + return J + J = jac_wrapped(t0, y0) + elif callable(jac): + J = jac(t0, y0) + self.njev += 1 + if issparse(J): + J = csc_matrix(J, dtype=y0.dtype) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y): + self.njev += 1 + return csc_matrix(jac(t, y), dtype=y0.dtype) + else: + J = np.asarray(J, dtype=y0.dtype) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y): + self.njev += 1 + return np.asarray(jac(t, y), dtype=y0.dtype) + + if J.shape != (self.n, self.n): + raise ValueError(f"`jac` is expected to have shape {(self.n, self.n)}," + f" but actually has {J.shape}.") + else: + if issparse(jac): + J = csc_matrix(jac, dtype=y0.dtype) + else: + J = np.asarray(jac, dtype=y0.dtype) + + if J.shape != (self.n, self.n): + raise ValueError(f"`jac` is expected to have shape {(self.n, self.n)}," + f" but actually has {J.shape}.") + jac_wrapped = None + + return jac_wrapped, J + + def _step_impl(self): + t = self.t + D = self.D + + max_step = self.max_step + min_step = 10 * np.abs(np.nextafter(t, self.direction * np.inf) - t) + if self.h_abs > max_step: + h_abs = max_step + change_D(D, self.order, max_step / self.h_abs) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + elif self.h_abs < min_step: + h_abs = min_step + change_D(D, self.order, min_step / self.h_abs) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + else: + h_abs = self.h_abs + + atol = self.atol + rtol = self.rtol + order = self.order + + alpha = self.alpha + gamma = self.gamma + error_const = self.error_const + + J = self.J + LU = self.LU + current_jac = self.jac is None + + step_accepted = False + while not step_accepted: + if h_abs < min_step: + return False, self.TOO_SMALL_STEP + + h = h_abs * self.direction + t_new = t + h + + if self.direction * (t_new - self.t_bound) > 0: + t_new = self.t_bound + change_D(D, order, np.abs(t_new - t) / h_abs) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + LU = None + + h = t_new - t + h_abs = np.abs(h) + + y_predict = np.sum(D[:order + 1], axis=0) + + scale = atol + rtol * np.abs(y_predict) + psi = np.dot(D[1: order + 1].T, gamma[1: order + 1]) / alpha[order] + + converged = False + c = h / alpha[order] + while not converged: + if LU is None: + LU = self.lu(self.I - c * J) + + converged, n_iter, y_new, d = solve_bdf_system( + self.fun, t_new, y_predict, c, psi, LU, self.solve_lu, + scale, self.newton_tol) + + if not converged: + if current_jac: + break + J = self.jac(t_new, y_predict) + LU = None + current_jac = True + + if not converged: + factor = 0.5 + h_abs *= factor + change_D(D, order, factor) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + LU = None + continue + + safety = 0.9 * (2 * NEWTON_MAXITER + 1) / (2 * NEWTON_MAXITER + + n_iter) + + scale = atol + rtol * np.abs(y_new) + error = error_const[order] * d + error_norm = norm(error / scale) + + if error_norm > 1: + factor = max(MIN_FACTOR, + safety * error_norm ** (-1 / (order + 1))) + h_abs *= factor + change_D(D, order, factor) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + # As we didn't have problems with convergence, we don't + # reset LU here. + else: + step_accepted = True + + self.n_equal_steps += 1 + + self.t = t_new + self.y = y_new + + self.h_abs = h_abs + self.J = J + self.LU = LU + + # Update differences. The principal relation here is + # D^{j + 1} y_n = D^{j} y_n - D^{j} y_{n - 1}. Keep in mind that D + # contained difference for previous interpolating polynomial and + # d = D^{k + 1} y_n. Thus this elegant code follows. + D[order + 2] = d - D[order + 1] + D[order + 1] = d + for i in reversed(range(order + 1)): + D[i] += D[i + 1] + + if self.n_equal_steps < order + 1: + return True, None + + if order > 1: + error_m = error_const[order - 1] * D[order] + error_m_norm = norm(error_m / scale) + else: + error_m_norm = np.inf + + if order < MAX_ORDER: + error_p = error_const[order + 1] * D[order + 2] + error_p_norm = norm(error_p / scale) + else: + error_p_norm = np.inf + + error_norms = np.array([error_m_norm, error_norm, error_p_norm]) + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + factors = error_norms ** (-1 / np.arange(order, order + 3)) + + delta_order = np.argmax(factors) - 1 + order += delta_order + self.order = order + + factor = min(MAX_FACTOR, safety * np.max(factors)) + self.h_abs *= factor + change_D(D, order, factor) + self.n_equal_steps = 0 + self.LU = None + + return True, None + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + return BdfDenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, self.h_abs * self.direction, + self.order, self.D[:self.order + 1].copy()) + + +class BdfDenseOutput(DenseOutput): + def __init__(self, t_old, t, h, order, D): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.order = order + self.t_shift = self.t - h * np.arange(self.order) + self.denom = h * (1 + np.arange(self.order)) + self.D = D + + def _call_impl(self, t): + if t.ndim == 0: + x = (t - self.t_shift) / self.denom + p = np.cumprod(x) + else: + x = (t - self.t_shift[:, None]) / self.denom[:, None] + p = np.cumprod(x, axis=0) + + y = np.dot(self.D[1:].T, p) + if y.ndim == 1: + y += self.D[0] + else: + y += self.D[0, :, None] + + return y diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/common.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/common.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0c820ad97f5a26955e20f98d80b71168dac54b0a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/common.py @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@ +from itertools import groupby +from warnings import warn +import numpy as np +from scipy.sparse import find, coo_matrix + + +EPS = np.finfo(float).eps + + +def validate_first_step(first_step, t0, t_bound): + """Assert that first_step is valid and return it.""" + if first_step <= 0: + raise ValueError("`first_step` must be positive.") + if first_step > np.abs(t_bound - t0): + raise ValueError("`first_step` exceeds bounds.") + return first_step + + +def validate_max_step(max_step): + """Assert that max_Step is valid and return it.""" + if max_step <= 0: + raise ValueError("`max_step` must be positive.") + return max_step + + +def warn_extraneous(extraneous): + """Display a warning for extraneous keyword arguments. + + The initializer of each solver class is expected to collect keyword + arguments that it doesn't understand and warn about them. This function + prints a warning for each key in the supplied dictionary. + + Parameters + ---------- + extraneous : dict + Extraneous keyword arguments + """ + if extraneous: + warn("The following arguments have no effect for a chosen solver: " + f"{', '.join(f'`{x}`' for x in extraneous)}.", + stacklevel=3) + + +def validate_tol(rtol, atol, n): + """Validate tolerance values.""" + + if np.any(rtol < 100 * EPS): + warn("At least one element of `rtol` is too small. " + f"Setting `rtol = np.maximum(rtol, {100 * EPS})`.", + stacklevel=3) + rtol = np.maximum(rtol, 100 * EPS) + + atol = np.asarray(atol) + if atol.ndim > 0 and atol.shape != (n,): + raise ValueError("`atol` has wrong shape.") + + if np.any(atol < 0): + raise ValueError("`atol` must be positive.") + + return rtol, atol + + +def norm(x): + """Compute RMS norm.""" + return np.linalg.norm(x) / x.size ** 0.5 + + +def select_initial_step(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, + max_step, f0, direction, order, rtol, atol): + """Empirically select a good initial step. + + The algorithm is described in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. + t0 : float + Initial value of the independent variable. + y0 : ndarray, shape (n,) + Initial value of the dependent variable. + t_bound : float + End-point of integration interval; used to ensure that t0+step<=tbound + and that fun is only evaluated in the interval [t0,tbound] + max_step : float + Maximum allowable step size. + f0 : ndarray, shape (n,) + Initial value of the derivative, i.e., ``fun(t0, y0)``. + direction : float + Integration direction. + order : float + Error estimator order. It means that the error controlled by the + algorithm is proportional to ``step_size ** (order + 1)`. + rtol : float + Desired relative tolerance. + atol : float + Desired absolute tolerance. + + Returns + ------- + h_abs : float + Absolute value of the suggested initial step. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] E. Hairer, S. P. Norsett G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential + Equations I: Nonstiff Problems", Sec. II.4. + """ + if y0.size == 0: + return np.inf + + interval_length = abs(t_bound - t0) + if interval_length == 0.0: + return 0.0 + + scale = atol + np.abs(y0) * rtol + d0 = norm(y0 / scale) + d1 = norm(f0 / scale) + if d0 < 1e-5 or d1 < 1e-5: + h0 = 1e-6 + else: + h0 = 0.01 * d0 / d1 + # Check t0+h0*direction doesn't take us beyond t_bound + h0 = min(h0, interval_length) + y1 = y0 + h0 * direction * f0 + f1 = fun(t0 + h0 * direction, y1) + d2 = norm((f1 - f0) / scale) / h0 + + if d1 <= 1e-15 and d2 <= 1e-15: + h1 = max(1e-6, h0 * 1e-3) + else: + h1 = (0.01 / max(d1, d2)) ** (1 / (order + 1)) + + return min(100 * h0, h1, interval_length, max_step) + + +class OdeSolution: + """Continuous ODE solution. + + It is organized as a collection of `DenseOutput` objects which represent + local interpolants. It provides an algorithm to select a right interpolant + for each given point. + + The interpolants cover the range between `t_min` and `t_max` (see + Attributes below). Evaluation outside this interval is not forbidden, but + the accuracy is not guaranteed. + + When evaluating at a breakpoint (one of the values in `ts`) a segment with + the lower index is selected. + + Parameters + ---------- + ts : array_like, shape (n_segments + 1,) + Time instants between which local interpolants are defined. Must + be strictly increasing or decreasing (zero segment with two points is + also allowed). + interpolants : list of DenseOutput with n_segments elements + Local interpolants. An i-th interpolant is assumed to be defined + between ``ts[i]`` and ``ts[i + 1]``. + alt_segment : boolean + Requests the alternative interpolant segment selection scheme. At each + solver integration point, two interpolant segments are available. The + default (False) and alternative (True) behaviours select the segment + for which the requested time corresponded to ``t`` and ``t_old``, + respectively. This functionality is only relevant for testing the + interpolants' accuracy: different integrators use different + construction strategies. + + Attributes + ---------- + t_min, t_max : float + Time range of the interpolation. + """ + def __init__(self, ts, interpolants, alt_segment=False): + ts = np.asarray(ts) + d = np.diff(ts) + # The first case covers integration on zero segment. + if not ((ts.size == 2 and ts[0] == ts[-1]) + or np.all(d > 0) or np.all(d < 0)): + raise ValueError("`ts` must be strictly increasing or decreasing.") + + self.n_segments = len(interpolants) + if ts.shape != (self.n_segments + 1,): + raise ValueError("Numbers of time stamps and interpolants " + "don't match.") + + self.ts = ts + self.interpolants = interpolants + if ts[-1] >= ts[0]: + self.t_min = ts[0] + self.t_max = ts[-1] + self.ascending = True + self.side = "right" if alt_segment else "left" + self.ts_sorted = ts + else: + self.t_min = ts[-1] + self.t_max = ts[0] + self.ascending = False + self.side = "left" if alt_segment else "right" + self.ts_sorted = ts[::-1] + + def _call_single(self, t): + # Here we preserve a certain symmetry that when t is in self.ts, + # if alt_segment=False, then we prioritize a segment with a lower + # index. + ind = np.searchsorted(self.ts_sorted, t, side=self.side) + + segment = min(max(ind - 1, 0), self.n_segments - 1) + if not self.ascending: + segment = self.n_segments - 1 - segment + + return self.interpolants[segment](t) + + def __call__(self, t): + """Evaluate the solution. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : float or array_like with shape (n_points,) + Points to evaluate at. + + Returns + ------- + y : ndarray, shape (n_states,) or (n_states, n_points) + Computed values. Shape depends on whether `t` is a scalar or a + 1-D array. + """ + t = np.asarray(t) + + if t.ndim == 0: + return self._call_single(t) + + order = np.argsort(t) + reverse = np.empty_like(order) + reverse[order] = np.arange(order.shape[0]) + t_sorted = t[order] + + # See comment in self._call_single. + segments = np.searchsorted(self.ts_sorted, t_sorted, side=self.side) + segments -= 1 + segments[segments < 0] = 0 + segments[segments > self.n_segments - 1] = self.n_segments - 1 + if not self.ascending: + segments = self.n_segments - 1 - segments + + ys = [] + group_start = 0 + for segment, group in groupby(segments): + group_end = group_start + len(list(group)) + y = self.interpolants[segment](t_sorted[group_start:group_end]) + ys.append(y) + group_start = group_end + + ys = np.hstack(ys) + ys = ys[:, reverse] + + return ys + + +NUM_JAC_DIFF_REJECT = EPS ** 0.875 +NUM_JAC_DIFF_SMALL = EPS ** 0.75 +NUM_JAC_DIFF_BIG = EPS ** 0.25 +NUM_JAC_MIN_FACTOR = 1e3 * EPS +NUM_JAC_FACTOR_INCREASE = 10 +NUM_JAC_FACTOR_DECREASE = 0.1 + + +def num_jac(fun, t, y, f, threshold, factor, sparsity=None): + """Finite differences Jacobian approximation tailored for ODE solvers. + + This function computes finite difference approximation to the Jacobian + matrix of `fun` with respect to `y` using forward differences. + The Jacobian matrix has shape (n, n) and its element (i, j) is equal to + ``d f_i / d y_j``. + + A special feature of this function is the ability to correct the step + size from iteration to iteration. The main idea is to keep the finite + difference significantly separated from its round-off error which + approximately equals ``EPS * np.abs(f)``. It reduces a possibility of a + huge error and assures that the estimated derivative are reasonably close + to the true values (i.e., the finite difference approximation is at least + qualitatively reflects the structure of the true Jacobian). + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system implemented in a vectorized fashion. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray, shape (n,) + Current state. + f : ndarray, shape (n,) + Value of the right hand side at (t, y). + threshold : float + Threshold for `y` value used for computing the step size as + ``factor * np.maximum(np.abs(y), threshold)``. Typically, the value of + absolute tolerance (atol) for a solver should be passed as `threshold`. + factor : ndarray with shape (n,) or None + Factor to use for computing the step size. Pass None for the very + evaluation, then use the value returned from this function. + sparsity : tuple (structure, groups) or None + Sparsity structure of the Jacobian, `structure` must be csc_matrix. + + Returns + ------- + J : ndarray or csc_matrix, shape (n, n) + Jacobian matrix. + factor : ndarray, shape (n,) + Suggested `factor` for the next evaluation. + """ + y = np.asarray(y) + n = y.shape[0] + if n == 0: + return np.empty((0, 0)), factor + + if factor is None: + factor = np.full(n, EPS ** 0.5) + else: + factor = factor.copy() + + # Direct the step as ODE dictates, hoping that such a step won't lead to + # a problematic region. For complex ODEs it makes sense to use the real + # part of f as we use steps along real axis. + f_sign = 2 * (np.real(f) >= 0).astype(float) - 1 + y_scale = f_sign * np.maximum(threshold, np.abs(y)) + h = (y + factor * y_scale) - y + + # Make sure that the step is not 0 to start with. Not likely it will be + # executed often. + for i in np.nonzero(h == 0)[0]: + while h[i] == 0: + factor[i] *= 10 + h[i] = (y[i] + factor[i] * y_scale[i]) - y[i] + + if sparsity is None: + return _dense_num_jac(fun, t, y, f, h, factor, y_scale) + else: + structure, groups = sparsity + return _sparse_num_jac(fun, t, y, f, h, factor, y_scale, + structure, groups) + + +def _dense_num_jac(fun, t, y, f, h, factor, y_scale): + n = y.shape[0] + h_vecs = np.diag(h) + f_new = fun(t, y[:, None] + h_vecs) + diff = f_new - f[:, None] + max_ind = np.argmax(np.abs(diff), axis=0) + r = np.arange(n) + max_diff = np.abs(diff[max_ind, r]) + scale = np.maximum(np.abs(f[max_ind]), np.abs(f_new[max_ind, r])) + + diff_too_small = max_diff < NUM_JAC_DIFF_REJECT * scale + if np.any(diff_too_small): + ind, = np.nonzero(diff_too_small) + new_factor = NUM_JAC_FACTOR_INCREASE * factor[ind] + h_new = (y[ind] + new_factor * y_scale[ind]) - y[ind] + h_vecs[ind, ind] = h_new + f_new = fun(t, y[:, None] + h_vecs[:, ind]) + diff_new = f_new - f[:, None] + max_ind = np.argmax(np.abs(diff_new), axis=0) + r = np.arange(ind.shape[0]) + max_diff_new = np.abs(diff_new[max_ind, r]) + scale_new = np.maximum(np.abs(f[max_ind]), np.abs(f_new[max_ind, r])) + + update = max_diff[ind] * scale_new < max_diff_new * scale[ind] + if np.any(update): + update, = np.nonzero(update) + update_ind = ind[update] + factor[update_ind] = new_factor[update] + h[update_ind] = h_new[update] + diff[:, update_ind] = diff_new[:, update] + scale[update_ind] = scale_new[update] + max_diff[update_ind] = max_diff_new[update] + + diff /= h + + factor[max_diff < NUM_JAC_DIFF_SMALL * scale] *= NUM_JAC_FACTOR_INCREASE + factor[max_diff > NUM_JAC_DIFF_BIG * scale] *= NUM_JAC_FACTOR_DECREASE + factor = np.maximum(factor, NUM_JAC_MIN_FACTOR) + + return diff, factor + + +def _sparse_num_jac(fun, t, y, f, h, factor, y_scale, structure, groups): + n = y.shape[0] + n_groups = np.max(groups) + 1 + h_vecs = np.empty((n_groups, n)) + for group in range(n_groups): + e = np.equal(group, groups) + h_vecs[group] = h * e + h_vecs = h_vecs.T + + f_new = fun(t, y[:, None] + h_vecs) + df = f_new - f[:, None] + + i, j, _ = find(structure) + diff = coo_matrix((df[i, groups[j]], (i, j)), shape=(n, n)).tocsc() + max_ind = np.array(abs(diff).argmax(axis=0)).ravel() + r = np.arange(n) + max_diff = np.asarray(np.abs(diff[max_ind, r])).ravel() + scale = np.maximum(np.abs(f[max_ind]), + np.abs(f_new[max_ind, groups[r]])) + + diff_too_small = max_diff < NUM_JAC_DIFF_REJECT * scale + if np.any(diff_too_small): + ind, = np.nonzero(diff_too_small) + new_factor = NUM_JAC_FACTOR_INCREASE * factor[ind] + h_new = (y[ind] + new_factor * y_scale[ind]) - y[ind] + h_new_all = np.zeros(n) + h_new_all[ind] = h_new + + groups_unique = np.unique(groups[ind]) + groups_map = np.empty(n_groups, dtype=int) + h_vecs = np.empty((groups_unique.shape[0], n)) + for k, group in enumerate(groups_unique): + e = np.equal(group, groups) + h_vecs[k] = h_new_all * e + groups_map[group] = k + h_vecs = h_vecs.T + + f_new = fun(t, y[:, None] + h_vecs) + df = f_new - f[:, None] + i, j, _ = find(structure[:, ind]) + diff_new = coo_matrix((df[i, groups_map[groups[ind[j]]]], + (i, j)), shape=(n, ind.shape[0])).tocsc() + + max_ind_new = np.array(abs(diff_new).argmax(axis=0)).ravel() + r = np.arange(ind.shape[0]) + max_diff_new = np.asarray(np.abs(diff_new[max_ind_new, r])).ravel() + scale_new = np.maximum( + np.abs(f[max_ind_new]), + np.abs(f_new[max_ind_new, groups_map[groups[ind]]])) + + update = max_diff[ind] * scale_new < max_diff_new * scale[ind] + if np.any(update): + update, = np.nonzero(update) + update_ind = ind[update] + factor[update_ind] = new_factor[update] + h[update_ind] = h_new[update] + diff[:, update_ind] = diff_new[:, update] + scale[update_ind] = scale_new[update] + max_diff[update_ind] = max_diff_new[update] + + diff.data /= np.repeat(h, np.diff(diff.indptr)) + + factor[max_diff < NUM_JAC_DIFF_SMALL * scale] *= NUM_JAC_FACTOR_INCREASE + factor[max_diff > NUM_JAC_DIFF_BIG * scale] *= NUM_JAC_FACTOR_DECREASE + factor = np.maximum(factor, NUM_JAC_MIN_FACTOR) + + return diff, factor diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/dop853_coefficients.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/dop853_coefficients.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f39f2f3650d321e2c475d4e220f9769139118a5e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/dop853_coefficients.py @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ +import numpy as np + +N_STAGES = 12 +N_STAGES_EXTENDED = 16 +INTERPOLATOR_POWER = 7 + +C = np.array([0.0, + 0.526001519587677318785587544488e-01, + 0.789002279381515978178381316732e-01, + 0.118350341907227396726757197510, + 0.281649658092772603273242802490, + 0.333333333333333333333333333333, + 0.25, + 0.307692307692307692307692307692, + 0.651282051282051282051282051282, + 0.6, + 0.857142857142857142857142857142, + 1.0, + 1.0, + 0.1, + 0.2, + 0.777777777777777777777777777778]) + +A = np.zeros((N_STAGES_EXTENDED, N_STAGES_EXTENDED)) +A[1, 0] = 5.26001519587677318785587544488e-2 + +A[2, 0] = 1.97250569845378994544595329183e-2 +A[2, 1] = 5.91751709536136983633785987549e-2 + +A[3, 0] = 2.95875854768068491816892993775e-2 +A[3, 2] = 8.87627564304205475450678981324e-2 + +A[4, 0] = 2.41365134159266685502369798665e-1 +A[4, 2] = -8.84549479328286085344864962717e-1 +A[4, 3] = 9.24834003261792003115737966543e-1 + +A[5, 0] = 3.7037037037037037037037037037e-2 +A[5, 3] = 1.70828608729473871279604482173e-1 +A[5, 4] = 1.25467687566822425016691814123e-1 + +A[6, 0] = 3.7109375e-2 +A[6, 3] = 1.70252211019544039314978060272e-1 +A[6, 4] = 6.02165389804559606850219397283e-2 +A[6, 5] = -1.7578125e-2 + +A[7, 0] = 3.70920001185047927108779319836e-2 +A[7, 3] = 1.70383925712239993810214054705e-1 +A[7, 4] = 1.07262030446373284651809199168e-1 +A[7, 5] = -1.53194377486244017527936158236e-2 +A[7, 6] = 8.27378916381402288758473766002e-3 + +A[8, 0] = 6.24110958716075717114429577812e-1 +A[8, 3] = -3.36089262944694129406857109825 +A[8, 4] = -8.68219346841726006818189891453e-1 +A[8, 5] = 2.75920996994467083049415600797e1 +A[8, 6] = 2.01540675504778934086186788979e1 +A[8, 7] = -4.34898841810699588477366255144e1 + +A[9, 0] = 4.77662536438264365890433908527e-1 +A[9, 3] = -2.48811461997166764192642586468 +A[9, 4] = -5.90290826836842996371446475743e-1 +A[9, 5] = 2.12300514481811942347288949897e1 +A[9, 6] = 1.52792336328824235832596922938e1 +A[9, 7] = -3.32882109689848629194453265587e1 +A[9, 8] = -2.03312017085086261358222928593e-2 + +A[10, 0] = -9.3714243008598732571704021658e-1 +A[10, 3] = 5.18637242884406370830023853209 +A[10, 4] = 1.09143734899672957818500254654 +A[10, 5] = -8.14978701074692612513997267357 +A[10, 6] = -1.85200656599969598641566180701e1 +A[10, 7] = 2.27394870993505042818970056734e1 +A[10, 8] = 2.49360555267965238987089396762 +A[10, 9] = -3.0467644718982195003823669022 + +A[11, 0] = 2.27331014751653820792359768449 +A[11, 3] = -1.05344954667372501984066689879e1 +A[11, 4] = -2.00087205822486249909675718444 +A[11, 5] = -1.79589318631187989172765950534e1 +A[11, 6] = 2.79488845294199600508499808837e1 +A[11, 7] = -2.85899827713502369474065508674 +A[11, 8] = -8.87285693353062954433549289258 +A[11, 9] = 1.23605671757943030647266201528e1 +A[11, 10] = 6.43392746015763530355970484046e-1 + +A[12, 0] = 5.42937341165687622380535766363e-2 +A[12, 5] = 4.45031289275240888144113950566 +A[12, 6] = 1.89151789931450038304281599044 +A[12, 7] = -5.8012039600105847814672114227 +A[12, 8] = 3.1116436695781989440891606237e-1 +A[12, 9] = -1.52160949662516078556178806805e-1 +A[12, 10] = 2.01365400804030348374776537501e-1 +A[12, 11] = 4.47106157277725905176885569043e-2 + +A[13, 0] = 5.61675022830479523392909219681e-2 +A[13, 6] = 2.53500210216624811088794765333e-1 +A[13, 7] = -2.46239037470802489917441475441e-1 +A[13, 8] = -1.24191423263816360469010140626e-1 +A[13, 9] = 1.5329179827876569731206322685e-1 +A[13, 10] = 8.20105229563468988491666602057e-3 +A[13, 11] = 7.56789766054569976138603589584e-3 +A[13, 12] = -8.298e-3 + +A[14, 0] = 3.18346481635021405060768473261e-2 +A[14, 5] = 2.83009096723667755288322961402e-2 +A[14, 6] = 5.35419883074385676223797384372e-2 +A[14, 7] = -5.49237485713909884646569340306e-2 +A[14, 10] = -1.08347328697249322858509316994e-4 +A[14, 11] = 3.82571090835658412954920192323e-4 +A[14, 12] = -3.40465008687404560802977114492e-4 +A[14, 13] = 1.41312443674632500278074618366e-1 + +A[15, 0] = -4.28896301583791923408573538692e-1 +A[15, 5] = -4.69762141536116384314449447206 +A[15, 6] = 7.68342119606259904184240953878 +A[15, 7] = 4.06898981839711007970213554331 +A[15, 8] = 3.56727187455281109270669543021e-1 +A[15, 12] = -1.39902416515901462129418009734e-3 +A[15, 13] = 2.9475147891527723389556272149 +A[15, 14] = -9.15095847217987001081870187138 + + +B = A[N_STAGES, :N_STAGES] + +E3 = np.zeros(N_STAGES + 1) +E3[:-1] = B.copy() +E3[0] -= 0.244094488188976377952755905512 +E3[8] -= 0.733846688281611857341361741547 +E3[11] -= 0.220588235294117647058823529412e-1 + +E5 = np.zeros(N_STAGES + 1) +E5[0] = 0.1312004499419488073250102996e-1 +E5[5] = -0.1225156446376204440720569753e+1 +E5[6] = -0.4957589496572501915214079952 +E5[7] = 0.1664377182454986536961530415e+1 +E5[8] = -0.3503288487499736816886487290 +E5[9] = 0.3341791187130174790297318841 +E5[10] = 0.8192320648511571246570742613e-1 +E5[11] = -0.2235530786388629525884427845e-1 + +# First 3 coefficients are computed separately. +D = np.zeros((INTERPOLATOR_POWER - 3, N_STAGES_EXTENDED)) +D[0, 0] = -0.84289382761090128651353491142e+1 +D[0, 5] = 0.56671495351937776962531783590 +D[0, 6] = -0.30689499459498916912797304727e+1 +D[0, 7] = 0.23846676565120698287728149680e+1 +D[0, 8] = 0.21170345824450282767155149946e+1 +D[0, 9] = -0.87139158377797299206789907490 +D[0, 10] = 0.22404374302607882758541771650e+1 +D[0, 11] = 0.63157877876946881815570249290 +D[0, 12] = -0.88990336451333310820698117400e-1 +D[0, 13] = 0.18148505520854727256656404962e+2 +D[0, 14] = -0.91946323924783554000451984436e+1 +D[0, 15] = -0.44360363875948939664310572000e+1 + +D[1, 0] = 0.10427508642579134603413151009e+2 +D[1, 5] = 0.24228349177525818288430175319e+3 +D[1, 6] = 0.16520045171727028198505394887e+3 +D[1, 7] = -0.37454675472269020279518312152e+3 +D[1, 8] = -0.22113666853125306036270938578e+2 +D[1, 9] = 0.77334326684722638389603898808e+1 +D[1, 10] = -0.30674084731089398182061213626e+2 +D[1, 11] = -0.93321305264302278729567221706e+1 +D[1, 12] = 0.15697238121770843886131091075e+2 +D[1, 13] = -0.31139403219565177677282850411e+2 +D[1, 14] = -0.93529243588444783865713862664e+1 +D[1, 15] = 0.35816841486394083752465898540e+2 + +D[2, 0] = 0.19985053242002433820987653617e+2 +D[2, 5] = -0.38703730874935176555105901742e+3 +D[2, 6] = -0.18917813819516756882830838328e+3 +D[2, 7] = 0.52780815920542364900561016686e+3 +D[2, 8] = -0.11573902539959630126141871134e+2 +D[2, 9] = 0.68812326946963000169666922661e+1 +D[2, 10] = -0.10006050966910838403183860980e+1 +D[2, 11] = 0.77771377980534432092869265740 +D[2, 12] = -0.27782057523535084065932004339e+1 +D[2, 13] = -0.60196695231264120758267380846e+2 +D[2, 14] = 0.84320405506677161018159903784e+2 +D[2, 15] = 0.11992291136182789328035130030e+2 + +D[3, 0] = -0.25693933462703749003312586129e+2 +D[3, 5] = -0.15418974869023643374053993627e+3 +D[3, 6] = -0.23152937917604549567536039109e+3 +D[3, 7] = 0.35763911791061412378285349910e+3 +D[3, 8] = 0.93405324183624310003907691704e+2 +D[3, 9] = -0.37458323136451633156875139351e+2 +D[3, 10] = 0.10409964950896230045147246184e+3 +D[3, 11] = 0.29840293426660503123344363579e+2 +D[3, 12] = -0.43533456590011143754432175058e+2 +D[3, 13] = 0.96324553959188282948394950600e+2 +D[3, 14] = -0.39177261675615439165231486172e+2 +D[3, 15] = -0.14972683625798562581422125276e+3 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/ivp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/ivp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b4e70d5f53614d3139c2bee80461e269a89e8b7e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/ivp.py @@ -0,0 +1,757 @@ +import inspect +import numpy as np +from .bdf import BDF +from .radau import Radau +from .rk import RK23, RK45, DOP853 +from .lsoda import LSODA +from scipy.optimize import OptimizeResult +from .common import EPS, OdeSolution +from .base import OdeSolver +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +METHODS = {'RK23': RK23, + 'RK45': RK45, + 'DOP853': DOP853, + 'Radau': Radau, + 'BDF': BDF, + 'LSODA': LSODA} + + +MESSAGES = {0: "The solver successfully reached the end of the integration interval.", + 1: "A termination event occurred."} + + +class OdeResult(OptimizeResult): + pass + + +def prepare_events(events): + """Standardize event functions and extract attributes.""" + if callable(events): + events = (events,) + + max_events = np.empty(len(events)) + direction = np.empty(len(events)) + for i, event in enumerate(events): + terminal = getattr(event, 'terminal', None) + direction[i] = getattr(event, 'direction', 0) + + message = ('The `terminal` attribute of each event ' + 'must be a boolean or positive integer.') + if terminal is None or terminal == 0: + max_events[i] = np.inf + elif int(terminal) == terminal and terminal > 0: + max_events[i] = terminal + else: + raise ValueError(message) + + return events, max_events, direction + + +def solve_event_equation(event, sol, t_old, t): + """Solve an equation corresponding to an ODE event. + + The equation is ``event(t, y(t)) = 0``, here ``y(t)`` is known from an + ODE solver using some sort of interpolation. It is solved by + `scipy.optimize.brentq` with xtol=atol=4*EPS. + + Parameters + ---------- + event : callable + Function ``event(t, y)``. + sol : callable + Function ``sol(t)`` which evaluates an ODE solution between `t_old` + and `t`. + t_old, t : float + Previous and new values of time. They will be used as a bracketing + interval. + + Returns + ------- + root : float + Found solution. + """ + from scipy.optimize import brentq + return brentq(lambda t: event(t, sol(t)), t_old, t, + xtol=4 * EPS, rtol=4 * EPS) + + +def handle_events(sol, events, active_events, event_count, max_events, + t_old, t): + """Helper function to handle events. + + Parameters + ---------- + sol : DenseOutput + Function ``sol(t)`` which evaluates an ODE solution between `t_old` + and `t`. + events : list of callables, length n_events + Event functions with signatures ``event(t, y)``. + active_events : ndarray + Indices of events which occurred. + event_count : ndarray + Current number of occurrences for each event. + max_events : ndarray, shape (n_events,) + Number of occurrences allowed for each event before integration + termination is issued. + t_old, t : float + Previous and new values of time. + + Returns + ------- + root_indices : ndarray + Indices of events which take zero between `t_old` and `t` and before + a possible termination. + roots : ndarray + Values of t at which events occurred. + terminate : bool + Whether a terminal event occurred. + """ + roots = [solve_event_equation(events[event_index], sol, t_old, t) + for event_index in active_events] + + roots = np.asarray(roots) + + if np.any(event_count[active_events] >= max_events[active_events]): + if t > t_old: + order = np.argsort(roots) + else: + order = np.argsort(-roots) + active_events = active_events[order] + roots = roots[order] + t = np.nonzero(event_count[active_events] + >= max_events[active_events])[0][0] + active_events = active_events[:t + 1] + roots = roots[:t + 1] + terminate = True + else: + terminate = False + + return active_events, roots, terminate + + +def find_active_events(g, g_new, direction): + """Find which event occurred during an integration step. + + Parameters + ---------- + g, g_new : array_like, shape (n_events,) + Values of event functions at a current and next points. + direction : ndarray, shape (n_events,) + Event "direction" according to the definition in `solve_ivp`. + + Returns + ------- + active_events : ndarray + Indices of events which occurred during the step. + """ + g, g_new = np.asarray(g), np.asarray(g_new) + up = (g <= 0) & (g_new >= 0) + down = (g >= 0) & (g_new <= 0) + either = up | down + mask = (up & (direction > 0) | + down & (direction < 0) | + either & (direction == 0)) + + return np.nonzero(mask)[0] + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def solve_ivp(fun, t_span, y0, method='RK45', t_eval=None, dense_output=False, + events=None, vectorized=False, args=None, **options): + """Solve an initial value problem for a system of ODEs. + + This function numerically integrates a system of ordinary differential + equations given an initial value:: + + dy / dt = f(t, y) + y(t0) = y0 + + Here t is a 1-D independent variable (time), y(t) is an + N-D vector-valued function (state), and an N-D + vector-valued function f(t, y) determines the differential equations. + The goal is to find y(t) approximately satisfying the differential + equations, given an initial value y(t0)=y0. + + Some of the solvers support integration in the complex domain, but note + that for stiff ODE solvers, the right-hand side must be + complex-differentiable (satisfy Cauchy-Riemann equations [11]_). + To solve a problem in the complex domain, pass y0 with a complex data type. + Another option always available is to rewrite your problem for real and + imaginary parts separately. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. Additional + arguments need to be passed if ``args`` is used (see documentation of + ``args`` argument). ``fun`` must return an array of the same shape as + ``y``. See `vectorized` for more information. + t_span : 2-member sequence + Interval of integration (t0, tf). The solver starts with t=t0 and + integrates until it reaches t=tf. Both t0 and tf must be floats + or values interpretable by the float conversion function. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. For problems in the complex domain, pass `y0` with a + complex data type (even if the initial value is purely real). + method : string or `OdeSolver`, optional + Integration method to use: + + * 'RK45' (default): Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 5(4) [1]_. + The error is controlled assuming accuracy of the fourth-order + method, but steps are taken using the fifth-order accurate + formula (local extrapolation is done). A quartic interpolation + polynomial is used for the dense output [2]_. Can be applied in + the complex domain. + * 'RK23': Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 3(2) [3]_. The error + is controlled assuming accuracy of the second-order method, but + steps are taken using the third-order accurate formula (local + extrapolation is done). A cubic Hermite polynomial is used for the + dense output. Can be applied in the complex domain. + * 'DOP853': Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 8 [13]_. + Python implementation of the "DOP853" algorithm originally + written in Fortran [14]_. A 7-th order interpolation polynomial + accurate to 7-th order is used for the dense output. + Can be applied in the complex domain. + * 'Radau': Implicit Runge-Kutta method of the Radau IIA family of + order 5 [4]_. The error is controlled with a third-order accurate + embedded formula. A cubic polynomial which satisfies the + collocation conditions is used for the dense output. + * 'BDF': Implicit multi-step variable-order (1 to 5) method based + on a backward differentiation formula for the derivative + approximation [5]_. The implementation follows the one described + in [6]_. A quasi-constant step scheme is used and accuracy is + enhanced using the NDF modification. Can be applied in the + complex domain. + * 'LSODA': Adams/BDF method with automatic stiffness detection and + switching [7]_, [8]_. This is a wrapper of the Fortran solver + from ODEPACK. + + Explicit Runge-Kutta methods ('RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853') should be used + for non-stiff problems and implicit methods ('Radau', 'BDF') for + stiff problems [9]_. Among Runge-Kutta methods, 'DOP853' is recommended + for solving with high precision (low values of `rtol` and `atol`). + + If not sure, first try to run 'RK45'. If it makes unusually many + iterations, diverges, or fails, your problem is likely to be stiff and + you should use 'Radau' or 'BDF'. 'LSODA' can also be a good universal + choice, but it might be somewhat less convenient to work with as it + wraps old Fortran code. + + You can also pass an arbitrary class derived from `OdeSolver` which + implements the solver. + t_eval : array_like or None, optional + Times at which to store the computed solution, must be sorted and lie + within `t_span`. If None (default), use points selected by the solver. + dense_output : bool, optional + Whether to compute a continuous solution. Default is False. + events : callable, or list of callables, optional + Events to track. If None (default), no events will be tracked. + Each event occurs at the zeros of a continuous function of time and + state. Each function must have the signature ``event(t, y)`` where + additional argument have to be passed if ``args`` is used (see + documentation of ``args`` argument). Each function must return a + float. The solver will find an accurate value of `t` at which + ``event(t, y(t)) = 0`` using a root-finding algorithm. By default, + all zeros will be found. The solver looks for a sign change over + each step, so if multiple zero crossings occur within one step, + events may be missed. Additionally each `event` function might + have the following attributes: + + terminal: bool or int, optional + When boolean, whether to terminate integration if this event occurs. + When integral, termination occurs after the specified the number of + occurrences of this event. + Implicitly False if not assigned. + direction: float, optional + Direction of a zero crossing. If `direction` is positive, + `event` will only trigger when going from negative to positive, + and vice versa if `direction` is negative. If 0, then either + direction will trigger event. Implicitly 0 if not assigned. + + You can assign attributes like ``event.terminal = True`` to any + function in Python. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` can be called in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by methods 'Radau' and 'BDF', but + will result in slower execution for other methods and for 'Radau' and + 'BDF' in some circumstances (e.g. small ``len(y0)``). + args : tuple, optional + Additional arguments to pass to the user-defined functions. If given, + the additional arguments are passed to all user-defined functions. + So if, for example, `fun` has the signature ``fun(t, y, a, b, c)``, + then `jac` (if given) and any event functions must have the same + signature, and `args` must be a tuple of length 3. + **options + Options passed to a chosen solver. All options available for already + implemented solvers are listed below. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is `None` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float or array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + jac : array_like, sparse_matrix, callable or None, optional + Jacobian matrix of the right-hand side of the system with respect + to y, required by the 'Radau', 'BDF' and 'LSODA' method. The + Jacobian matrix has shape (n, n) and its element (i, j) is equal to + ``d f_i / d y_j``. There are three ways to define the Jacobian: + + * If array_like or sparse_matrix, the Jacobian is assumed to + be constant. Not supported by 'LSODA'. + * If callable, the Jacobian is assumed to depend on both + t and y; it will be called as ``jac(t, y)``, as necessary. + Additional arguments have to be passed if ``args`` is + used (see documentation of ``args`` argument). + For 'Radau' and 'BDF' methods, the return value might be a + sparse matrix. + * If None (default), the Jacobian will be approximated by + finite differences. + + It is generally recommended to provide the Jacobian rather than + relying on a finite-difference approximation. + jac_sparsity : array_like, sparse matrix or None, optional + Defines a sparsity structure of the Jacobian matrix for a finite- + difference approximation. Its shape must be (n, n). This argument + is ignored if `jac` is not `None`. If the Jacobian has only few + non-zero elements in *each* row, providing the sparsity structure + will greatly speed up the computations [10]_. A zero entry means that + a corresponding element in the Jacobian is always zero. If None + (default), the Jacobian is assumed to be dense. + Not supported by 'LSODA', see `lband` and `uband` instead. + lband, uband : int or None, optional + Parameters defining the bandwidth of the Jacobian for the 'LSODA' + method, i.e., ``jac[i, j] != 0 only for i - lband <= j <= i + uband``. + Default is None. Setting these requires your jac routine to return the + Jacobian in the packed format: the returned array must have ``n`` + columns and ``uband + lband + 1`` rows in which Jacobian diagonals are + written. Specifically ``jac_packed[uband + i - j , j] = jac[i, j]``. + The same format is used in `scipy.linalg.solve_banded` (check for an + illustration). These parameters can be also used with ``jac=None`` to + reduce the number of Jacobian elements estimated by finite differences. + min_step : float, optional + The minimum allowed step size for 'LSODA' method. + By default `min_step` is zero. + + Returns + ------- + Bunch object with the following fields defined: + t : ndarray, shape (n_points,) + Time points. + y : ndarray, shape (n, n_points) + Values of the solution at `t`. + sol : `OdeSolution` or None + Found solution as `OdeSolution` instance; None if `dense_output` was + set to False. + t_events : list of ndarray or None + Contains for each event type a list of arrays at which an event of + that type event was detected. None if `events` was None. + y_events : list of ndarray or None + For each value of `t_events`, the corresponding value of the solution. + None if `events` was None. + nfev : int + Number of evaluations of the right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. + status : int + Reason for algorithm termination: + + * -1: Integration step failed. + * 0: The solver successfully reached the end of `tspan`. + * 1: A termination event occurred. + + message : string + Human-readable description of the termination reason. + success : bool + True if the solver reached the interval end or a termination event + occurred (``status >= 0``). + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. R. Dormand, P. J. Prince, "A family of embedded Runge-Kutta + formulae", Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 6, + No. 1, pp. 19-26, 1980. + .. [2] L. W. Shampine, "Some Practical Runge-Kutta Formulas", Mathematics + of Computation,, Vol. 46, No. 173, pp. 135-150, 1986. + .. [3] P. Bogacki, L.F. Shampine, "A 3(2) Pair of Runge-Kutta Formulas", + Appl. Math. Lett. Vol. 2, No. 4. pp. 321-325, 1989. + .. [4] E. Hairer, G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II: + Stiff and Differential-Algebraic Problems", Sec. IV.8. + .. [5] `Backward Differentiation Formula + `_ + on Wikipedia. + .. [6] L. F. Shampine, M. W. Reichelt, "THE MATLAB ODE SUITE", SIAM J. SCI. + COMPUTE., Vol. 18, No. 1, pp. 1-22, January 1997. + .. [7] A. C. Hindmarsh, "ODEPACK, A Systematized Collection of ODE + Solvers," IMACS Transactions on Scientific Computation, Vol 1., + pp. 55-64, 1983. + .. [8] L. Petzold, "Automatic selection of methods for solving stiff and + nonstiff systems of ordinary differential equations", SIAM Journal + on Scientific and Statistical Computing, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 136-148, + 1983. + .. [9] `Stiff equation `_ on + Wikipedia. + .. [10] A. Curtis, M. J. D. Powell, and J. Reid, "On the estimation of + sparse Jacobian matrices", Journal of the Institute of Mathematics + and its Applications, 13, pp. 117-120, 1974. + .. [11] `Cauchy-Riemann equations + `_ on + Wikipedia. + .. [12] `Lotka-Volterra equations + `_ + on Wikipedia. + .. [13] E. Hairer, S. P. Norsett G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential + Equations I: Nonstiff Problems", Sec. II. + .. [14] `Page with original Fortran code of DOP853 + `_. + + Examples + -------- + Basic exponential decay showing automatically chosen time points. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import solve_ivp + >>> def exponential_decay(t, y): return -0.5 * y + >>> sol = solve_ivp(exponential_decay, [0, 10], [2, 4, 8]) + >>> print(sol.t) + [ 0. 0.11487653 1.26364188 3.06061781 4.81611105 6.57445806 + 8.33328988 10. ] + >>> print(sol.y) + [[2. 1.88836035 1.06327177 0.43319312 0.18017253 0.07483045 + 0.03107158 0.01350781] + [4. 3.7767207 2.12654355 0.86638624 0.36034507 0.14966091 + 0.06214316 0.02701561] + [8. 7.5534414 4.25308709 1.73277247 0.72069014 0.29932181 + 0.12428631 0.05403123]] + + Specifying points where the solution is desired. + + >>> sol = solve_ivp(exponential_decay, [0, 10], [2, 4, 8], + ... t_eval=[0, 1, 2, 4, 10]) + >>> print(sol.t) + [ 0 1 2 4 10] + >>> print(sol.y) + [[2. 1.21305369 0.73534021 0.27066736 0.01350938] + [4. 2.42610739 1.47068043 0.54133472 0.02701876] + [8. 4.85221478 2.94136085 1.08266944 0.05403753]] + + Cannon fired upward with terminal event upon impact. The ``terminal`` and + ``direction`` fields of an event are applied by monkey patching a function. + Here ``y[0]`` is position and ``y[1]`` is velocity. The projectile starts + at position 0 with velocity +10. Note that the integration never reaches + t=100 because the event is terminal. + + >>> def upward_cannon(t, y): return [y[1], -0.5] + >>> def hit_ground(t, y): return y[0] + >>> hit_ground.terminal = True + >>> hit_ground.direction = -1 + >>> sol = solve_ivp(upward_cannon, [0, 100], [0, 10], events=hit_ground) + >>> print(sol.t_events) + [array([40.])] + >>> print(sol.t) + [0.00000000e+00 9.99900010e-05 1.09989001e-03 1.10988901e-02 + 1.11088891e-01 1.11098890e+00 1.11099890e+01 4.00000000e+01] + + Use `dense_output` and `events` to find position, which is 100, at the apex + of the cannonball's trajectory. Apex is not defined as terminal, so both + apex and hit_ground are found. There is no information at t=20, so the sol + attribute is used to evaluate the solution. The sol attribute is returned + by setting ``dense_output=True``. Alternatively, the `y_events` attribute + can be used to access the solution at the time of the event. + + >>> def apex(t, y): return y[1] + >>> sol = solve_ivp(upward_cannon, [0, 100], [0, 10], + ... events=(hit_ground, apex), dense_output=True) + >>> print(sol.t_events) + [array([40.]), array([20.])] + >>> print(sol.t) + [0.00000000e+00 9.99900010e-05 1.09989001e-03 1.10988901e-02 + 1.11088891e-01 1.11098890e+00 1.11099890e+01 4.00000000e+01] + >>> print(sol.sol(sol.t_events[1][0])) + [100. 0.] + >>> print(sol.y_events) + [array([[-5.68434189e-14, -1.00000000e+01]]), + array([[1.00000000e+02, 1.77635684e-15]])] + + As an example of a system with additional parameters, we'll implement + the Lotka-Volterra equations [12]_. + + >>> def lotkavolterra(t, z, a, b, c, d): + ... x, y = z + ... return [a*x - b*x*y, -c*y + d*x*y] + ... + + We pass in the parameter values a=1.5, b=1, c=3 and d=1 with the `args` + argument. + + >>> sol = solve_ivp(lotkavolterra, [0, 15], [10, 5], args=(1.5, 1, 3, 1), + ... dense_output=True) + + Compute a dense solution and plot it. + + >>> t = np.linspace(0, 15, 300) + >>> z = sol.sol(t) + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> plt.plot(t, z.T) + >>> plt.xlabel('t') + >>> plt.legend(['x', 'y'], shadow=True) + >>> plt.title('Lotka-Volterra System') + >>> plt.show() + + A couple examples of using solve_ivp to solve the differential + equation ``y' = Ay`` with complex matrix ``A``. + + >>> A = np.array([[-0.25 + 0.14j, 0, 0.33 + 0.44j], + ... [0.25 + 0.58j, -0.2 + 0.14j, 0], + ... [0, 0.2 + 0.4j, -0.1 + 0.97j]]) + + Solving an IVP with ``A`` from above and ``y`` as 3x1 vector: + + >>> def deriv_vec(t, y): + ... return A @ y + >>> result = solve_ivp(deriv_vec, [0, 25], + ... np.array([10 + 0j, 20 + 0j, 30 + 0j]), + ... t_eval=np.linspace(0, 25, 101)) + >>> print(result.y[:, 0]) + [10.+0.j 20.+0.j 30.+0.j] + >>> print(result.y[:, -1]) + [18.46291039+45.25653651j 10.01569306+36.23293216j + -4.98662741+80.07360388j] + + Solving an IVP with ``A`` from above with ``y`` as 3x3 matrix : + + >>> def deriv_mat(t, y): + ... return (A @ y.reshape(3, 3)).flatten() + >>> y0 = np.array([[2 + 0j, 3 + 0j, 4 + 0j], + ... [5 + 0j, 6 + 0j, 7 + 0j], + ... [9 + 0j, 34 + 0j, 78 + 0j]]) + + >>> result = solve_ivp(deriv_mat, [0, 25], y0.flatten(), + ... t_eval=np.linspace(0, 25, 101)) + >>> print(result.y[:, 0].reshape(3, 3)) + [[ 2.+0.j 3.+0.j 4.+0.j] + [ 5.+0.j 6.+0.j 7.+0.j] + [ 9.+0.j 34.+0.j 78.+0.j]] + >>> print(result.y[:, -1].reshape(3, 3)) + [[ 5.67451179 +12.07938445j 17.2888073 +31.03278837j + 37.83405768 +63.25138759j] + [ 3.39949503 +11.82123994j 21.32530996 +44.88668871j + 53.17531184+103.80400411j] + [ -2.26105874 +22.19277664j -15.1255713 +70.19616341j + -38.34616845+153.29039931j]] + + + """ + if method not in METHODS and not ( + inspect.isclass(method) and issubclass(method, OdeSolver)): + raise ValueError(f"`method` must be one of {METHODS} or OdeSolver class.") + + t0, tf = map(float, t_span) + + if args is not None: + # Wrap the user's fun (and jac, if given) in lambdas to hide the + # additional parameters. Pass in the original fun as a keyword + # argument to keep it in the scope of the lambda. + try: + _ = [*(args)] + except TypeError as exp: + suggestion_tuple = ( + "Supplied 'args' cannot be unpacked. Please supply `args`" + f" as a tuple (e.g. `args=({args},)`)" + ) + raise TypeError(suggestion_tuple) from exp + + def fun(t, x, fun=fun): + return fun(t, x, *args) + jac = options.get('jac') + if callable(jac): + options['jac'] = lambda t, x: jac(t, x, *args) + + if t_eval is not None: + t_eval = np.asarray(t_eval) + if t_eval.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`t_eval` must be 1-dimensional.") + + if np.any(t_eval < min(t0, tf)) or np.any(t_eval > max(t0, tf)): + raise ValueError("Values in `t_eval` are not within `t_span`.") + + d = np.diff(t_eval) + if tf > t0 and np.any(d <= 0) or tf < t0 and np.any(d >= 0): + raise ValueError("Values in `t_eval` are not properly sorted.") + + if tf > t0: + t_eval_i = 0 + else: + # Make order of t_eval decreasing to use np.searchsorted. + t_eval = t_eval[::-1] + # This will be an upper bound for slices. + t_eval_i = t_eval.shape[0] + + if method in METHODS: + method = METHODS[method] + + solver = method(fun, t0, y0, tf, vectorized=vectorized, **options) + + if t_eval is None: + ts = [t0] + ys = [y0] + elif t_eval is not None and dense_output: + ts = [] + ti = [t0] + ys = [] + else: + ts = [] + ys = [] + + interpolants = [] + + if events is not None: + events, max_events, event_dir = prepare_events(events) + event_count = np.zeros(len(events)) + if args is not None: + # Wrap user functions in lambdas to hide the additional parameters. + # The original event function is passed as a keyword argument to the + # lambda to keep the original function in scope (i.e., avoid the + # late binding closure "gotcha"). + events = [lambda t, x, event=event: event(t, x, *args) + for event in events] + g = [event(t0, y0) for event in events] + t_events = [[] for _ in range(len(events))] + y_events = [[] for _ in range(len(events))] + else: + t_events = None + y_events = None + + status = None + while status is None: + message = solver.step() + + if solver.status == 'finished': + status = 0 + elif solver.status == 'failed': + status = -1 + break + + t_old = solver.t_old + t = solver.t + y = solver.y + + if dense_output: + sol = solver.dense_output() + interpolants.append(sol) + else: + sol = None + + if events is not None: + g_new = [event(t, y) for event in events] + active_events = find_active_events(g, g_new, event_dir) + if active_events.size > 0: + if sol is None: + sol = solver.dense_output() + + event_count[active_events] += 1 + root_indices, roots, terminate = handle_events( + sol, events, active_events, event_count, max_events, + t_old, t) + + for e, te in zip(root_indices, roots): + t_events[e].append(te) + y_events[e].append(sol(te)) + + if terminate: + status = 1 + t = roots[-1] + y = sol(t) + + g = g_new + + if t_eval is None: + donot_append = (len(ts) > 1 and + ts[-1] == t and + dense_output) + if not donot_append: + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y) + else: + if len(interpolants) > 0: + interpolants.pop() + else: + # The value in t_eval equal to t will be included. + if solver.direction > 0: + t_eval_i_new = np.searchsorted(t_eval, t, side='right') + t_eval_step = t_eval[t_eval_i:t_eval_i_new] + else: + t_eval_i_new = np.searchsorted(t_eval, t, side='left') + # It has to be done with two slice operations, because + # you can't slice to 0th element inclusive using backward + # slicing. + t_eval_step = t_eval[t_eval_i_new:t_eval_i][::-1] + + if t_eval_step.size > 0: + if sol is None: + sol = solver.dense_output() + ts.append(t_eval_step) + ys.append(sol(t_eval_step)) + t_eval_i = t_eval_i_new + + if t_eval is not None and dense_output: + ti.append(t) + + message = MESSAGES.get(status, message) + + if t_events is not None: + t_events = [np.asarray(te) for te in t_events] + y_events = [np.asarray(ye) for ye in y_events] + + if t_eval is None: + ts = np.array(ts) + ys = np.vstack(ys).T + elif ts: + ts = np.hstack(ts) + ys = np.hstack(ys) + + if dense_output: + if t_eval is None: + sol = OdeSolution( + ts, interpolants, alt_segment=True if method in [BDF, LSODA] else False + ) + else: + sol = OdeSolution( + ti, interpolants, alt_segment=True if method in [BDF, LSODA] else False + ) + else: + sol = None + + return OdeResult(t=ts, y=ys, sol=sol, t_events=t_events, y_events=y_events, + nfev=solver.nfev, njev=solver.njev, nlu=solver.nlu, + status=status, message=message, success=status >= 0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/lsoda.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/lsoda.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5b5e3eec2be6f680db395e64b33458c1f6773d04 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/lsoda.py @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy.integrate import ode +from .common import validate_tol, validate_first_step, warn_extraneous +from .base import OdeSolver, DenseOutput + + +class LSODA(OdeSolver): + """Adams/BDF method with automatic stiffness detection and switching. + + This is a wrapper to the Fortran solver from ODEPACK [1]_. It switches + automatically between the nonstiff Adams method and the stiff BDF method. + The method was originally detailed in [2]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. ``fun`` must + return an array of the same shape as ``y``. See `vectorized` for more + information. + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + min_step : float, optional + Minimum allowed step size. Default is 0.0, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + jac : None or callable, optional + Jacobian matrix of the right-hand side of the system with respect to + ``y``. The Jacobian matrix has shape (n, n) and its element (i, j) is + equal to ``d f_i / d y_j``. The function will be called as + ``jac(t, y)``. If None (default), the Jacobian will be + approximated by finite differences. It is generally recommended to + provide the Jacobian rather than relying on a finite-difference + approximation. + lband, uband : int or None + Parameters defining the bandwidth of the Jacobian, + i.e., ``jac[i, j] != 0 only for i - lband <= j <= i + uband``. Setting + these requires your jac routine to return the Jacobian in the packed format: + the returned array must have ``n`` columns and ``uband + lband + 1`` + rows in which Jacobian diagonals are written. Specifically + ``jac_packed[uband + i - j , j] = jac[i, j]``. The same format is used + in `scipy.linalg.solve_banded` (check for an illustration). + These parameters can be also used with ``jac=None`` to reduce the + number of Jacobian elements estimated by finite differences. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` may be called in a vectorized fashion. False (default) + is recommended for this solver. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by methods 'Radau' and 'BDF', but + will result in slower execution for this solver. + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number of evaluations of the right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] A. C. Hindmarsh, "ODEPACK, A Systematized Collection of ODE + Solvers," IMACS Transactions on Scientific Computation, Vol 1., + pp. 55-64, 1983. + .. [2] L. Petzold, "Automatic selection of methods for solving stiff and + nonstiff systems of ordinary differential equations", SIAM Journal + on Scientific and Statistical Computing, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 136-148, + 1983. + """ + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, first_step=None, min_step=0.0, + max_step=np.inf, rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6, jac=None, lband=None, + uband=None, vectorized=False, **extraneous): + warn_extraneous(extraneous) + super().__init__(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, vectorized) + + if first_step is None: + first_step = 0 # LSODA value for automatic selection. + else: + first_step = validate_first_step(first_step, t0, t_bound) + + first_step *= self.direction + + if max_step == np.inf: + max_step = 0 # LSODA value for infinity. + elif max_step <= 0: + raise ValueError("`max_step` must be positive.") + + if min_step < 0: + raise ValueError("`min_step` must be nonnegative.") + + rtol, atol = validate_tol(rtol, atol, self.n) + + solver = ode(self.fun, jac) + solver.set_integrator('lsoda', rtol=rtol, atol=atol, max_step=max_step, + min_step=min_step, first_step=first_step, + lband=lband, uband=uband) + solver.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + + # Inject t_bound into rwork array as needed for itask=5. + solver._integrator.rwork[0] = self.t_bound + solver._integrator.call_args[4] = solver._integrator.rwork + + self._lsoda_solver = solver + + def _step_impl(self): + solver = self._lsoda_solver + integrator = solver._integrator + + # From lsoda.step and lsoda.integrate itask=5 means take a single + # step and do not go past t_bound. + itask = integrator.call_args[2] + integrator.call_args[2] = 5 + solver._y, solver.t = integrator.run( + solver.f, solver.jac or (lambda: None), solver._y, solver.t, + self.t_bound, solver.f_params, solver.jac_params) + integrator.call_args[2] = itask + + if solver.successful(): + self.t = solver.t + # IMPORTANT: Must copy solver._y because the C code reuses the same + # array object across calls (for in-place modification). Without copy, + # solve_ivp would store references to the same array. + self.y = solver._y.copy() + # From LSODA Fortran source njev is equal to nlu. + self.njev = integrator.iwork[12] + self.nlu = integrator.iwork[12] + return True, None + else: + return False, 'Unexpected istate in LSODA.' + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + iwork = self._lsoda_solver._integrator.iwork + rwork = self._lsoda_solver._integrator.rwork + + # We want to produce the Nordsieck history array, yh, up to the order + # used in the last successful iteration. The step size is unimportant + # because it will be scaled out in LsodaDenseOutput. Some additional + # work may be required because ODEPACK's LSODA implementation produces + # the Nordsieck history in the state needed for the next iteration. + + # iwork[13] contains order from last successful iteration, while + # iwork[14] contains order to be attempted next. + order = iwork[13] + + # rwork[11] contains the step size to be attempted next, while + # rwork[10] contains step size from last successful iteration. + h = rwork[11] + + # rwork[20:20 + (iwork[14] + 1) * self.n] contains entries of the + # Nordsieck array in state needed for next iteration. We want + # the entries up to order for the last successful step so use the + # following. + yh = np.reshape(rwork[20:20 + (order + 1) * self.n], + (self.n, order + 1), order='F').copy() + if iwork[14] < order: + # If the order is set to decrease then the final column of yh + # has not been updated within ODEPACK's LSODA + # implementation because this column will not be used in the + # next iteration. We must rescale this column to make the + # associated step size consistent with the other columns. + yh[:, -1] *= (h / rwork[10]) ** order + + return LsodaDenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, h, order, yh) + + +class LsodaDenseOutput(DenseOutput): + def __init__(self, t_old, t, h, order, yh): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.h = h + self.yh = yh + self.p = np.arange(order + 1) + + def _call_impl(self, t): + if t.ndim == 0: + x = ((t - self.t) / self.h) ** self.p + else: + x = ((t - self.t) / self.h) ** self.p[:, None] + + return np.dot(self.yh, x) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/radau.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/radau.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d572b48de51ebc7e8f8fd278ce1000bdef581b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/radau.py @@ -0,0 +1,572 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import lu_factor, lu_solve +from scipy.sparse import csc_matrix, issparse, eye +from scipy.sparse.linalg import splu +from scipy.optimize._numdiff import group_columns +from .common import (validate_max_step, validate_tol, select_initial_step, + norm, num_jac, EPS, warn_extraneous, + validate_first_step) +from .base import OdeSolver, DenseOutput + +S6 = 6 ** 0.5 + +# Butcher tableau. A is not used directly, see below. +C = np.array([(4 - S6) / 10, (4 + S6) / 10, 1]) +E = np.array([-13 - 7 * S6, -13 + 7 * S6, -1]) / 3 + +# Eigendecomposition of A is done: A = T L T**-1. There is 1 real eigenvalue +# and a complex conjugate pair. They are written below. +MU_REAL = 3 + 3 ** (2 / 3) - 3 ** (1 / 3) +MU_COMPLEX = (3 + 0.5 * (3 ** (1 / 3) - 3 ** (2 / 3)) + - 0.5j * (3 ** (5 / 6) + 3 ** (7 / 6))) + +# These are transformation matrices. +T = np.array([ + [0.09443876248897524, -0.14125529502095421, 0.03002919410514742], + [0.25021312296533332, 0.20412935229379994, -0.38294211275726192], + [1, 1, 0]]) +TI = np.array([ + [4.17871859155190428, 0.32768282076106237, 0.52337644549944951], + [-4.17871859155190428, -0.32768282076106237, 0.47662355450055044], + [0.50287263494578682, -2.57192694985560522, 0.59603920482822492]]) +# These linear combinations are used in the algorithm. +TI_REAL = TI[0] +TI_COMPLEX = TI[1] + 1j * TI[2] + +# Interpolator coefficients. +P = np.array([ + [13/3 + 7*S6/3, -23/3 - 22*S6/3, 10/3 + 5 * S6], + [13/3 - 7*S6/3, -23/3 + 22*S6/3, 10/3 - 5 * S6], + [1/3, -8/3, 10/3]]) + + +NEWTON_MAXITER = 6 # Maximum number of Newton iterations. +MIN_FACTOR = 0.2 # Minimum allowed decrease in a step size. +MAX_FACTOR = 10 # Maximum allowed increase in a step size. + + +def solve_collocation_system(fun, t, y, h, Z0, scale, tol, + LU_real, LU_complex, solve_lu): + """Solve the collocation system. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray, shape (n,) + Current state. + h : float + Step to try. + Z0 : ndarray, shape (3, n) + Initial guess for the solution. It determines new values of `y` at + ``t + h * C`` as ``y + Z0``, where ``C`` is the Radau method constants. + scale : ndarray, shape (n) + Problem tolerance scale, i.e. ``rtol * abs(y) + atol``. + tol : float + Tolerance to which solve the system. This value is compared with + the normalized by `scale` error. + LU_real, LU_complex + LU decompositions of the system Jacobians. + solve_lu : callable + Callable which solves a linear system given a LU decomposition. The + signature is ``solve_lu(LU, b)``. + + Returns + ------- + converged : bool + Whether iterations converged. + n_iter : int + Number of completed iterations. + Z : ndarray, shape (3, n) + Found solution. + rate : float + The rate of convergence. + """ + n = y.shape[0] + M_real = MU_REAL / h + M_complex = MU_COMPLEX / h + + W = TI.dot(Z0) + Z = Z0 + + F = np.empty((3, n)) + ch = h * C + + dW_norm_old = None + dW = np.empty_like(W) + converged = False + rate = None + for k in range(NEWTON_MAXITER): + for i in range(3): + F[i] = fun(t + ch[i], y + Z[i]) + + if not np.all(np.isfinite(F)): + break + + f_real = F.T.dot(TI_REAL) - M_real * W[0] + f_complex = F.T.dot(TI_COMPLEX) - M_complex * (W[1] + 1j * W[2]) + + dW_real = solve_lu(LU_real, f_real) + dW_complex = solve_lu(LU_complex, f_complex) + + dW[0] = dW_real + dW[1] = dW_complex.real + dW[2] = dW_complex.imag + + dW_norm = norm(dW / scale) + if dW_norm_old is not None: + rate = dW_norm / dW_norm_old + + if (rate is not None and (rate >= 1 or + rate ** (NEWTON_MAXITER - k) / (1 - rate) * dW_norm > tol)): + break + + W += dW + Z = T.dot(W) + + if (dW_norm == 0 or + rate is not None and rate / (1 - rate) * dW_norm < tol): + converged = True + break + + dW_norm_old = dW_norm + + return converged, k + 1, Z, rate + + +def predict_factor(h_abs, h_abs_old, error_norm, error_norm_old): + """Predict by which factor to increase/decrease the step size. + + The algorithm is described in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + h_abs, h_abs_old : float + Current and previous values of the step size, `h_abs_old` can be None + (see Notes). + error_norm, error_norm_old : float + Current and previous values of the error norm, `error_norm_old` can + be None (see Notes). + + Returns + ------- + factor : float + Predicted factor. + + Notes + ----- + If `h_abs_old` and `error_norm_old` are both not None then a two-step + algorithm is used, otherwise a one-step algorithm is used. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] E. Hairer, S. P. Norsett G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential + Equations II: Stiff and Differential-Algebraic Problems", Sec. IV.8. + """ + if error_norm_old is None or h_abs_old is None or error_norm == 0: + multiplier = 1 + else: + multiplier = h_abs / h_abs_old * (error_norm_old / error_norm) ** 0.25 + + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + factor = min(1, multiplier) * error_norm ** -0.25 + + return factor + + +class Radau(OdeSolver): + """Implicit Runge-Kutta method of Radau IIA family of order 5. + + The implementation follows [1]_. The error is controlled with a + third-order accurate embedded formula. A cubic polynomial which satisfies + the collocation conditions is used for the dense output. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. ``fun`` must + return an array of the same shape as ``y``. See `vectorized` for more + information. + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. HHere `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + jac : {None, array_like, sparse_matrix, callable}, optional + Jacobian matrix of the right-hand side of the system with respect to + y, required by this method. The Jacobian matrix has shape (n, n) and + its element (i, j) is equal to ``d f_i / d y_j``. + There are three ways to define the Jacobian: + + * If array_like or sparse_matrix, the Jacobian is assumed to + be constant. + * If callable, the Jacobian is assumed to depend on both + t and y; it will be called as ``jac(t, y)`` as necessary. + For the 'Radau' and 'BDF' methods, the return value might be a + sparse matrix. + * If None (default), the Jacobian will be approximated by + finite differences. + + It is generally recommended to provide the Jacobian rather than + relying on a finite-difference approximation. + jac_sparsity : {None, array_like, sparse matrix}, optional + Defines a sparsity structure of the Jacobian matrix for a + finite-difference approximation. Its shape must be (n, n). This argument + is ignored if `jac` is not `None`. If the Jacobian has only few non-zero + elements in *each* row, providing the sparsity structure will greatly + speed up the computations [2]_. A zero entry means that a corresponding + element in the Jacobian is always zero. If None (default), the Jacobian + is assumed to be dense. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` can be called in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by this method, but may result in slower + execution overall in some circumstances (e.g. small ``len(y0)``). + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number of evaluations of the right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] E. Hairer, G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential Equations II: + Stiff and Differential-Algebraic Problems", Sec. IV.8. + .. [2] A. Curtis, M. J. D. Powell, and J. Reid, "On the estimation of + sparse Jacobian matrices", Journal of the Institute of Mathematics + and its Applications, 13, pp. 117-120, 1974. + """ + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, max_step=np.inf, + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6, jac=None, jac_sparsity=None, + vectorized=False, first_step=None, **extraneous): + warn_extraneous(extraneous) + super().__init__(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, vectorized) + self.y_old = None + self.max_step = validate_max_step(max_step) + self.rtol, self.atol = validate_tol(rtol, atol, self.n) + self.f = self.fun(self.t, self.y) + # Select initial step assuming the same order which is used to control + # the error. + if first_step is None: + self.h_abs = select_initial_step( + self.fun, self.t, self.y, t_bound, max_step, self.f, self.direction, + 3, self.rtol, self.atol) + else: + self.h_abs = validate_first_step(first_step, t0, t_bound) + self.h_abs_old = None + self.error_norm_old = None + + self.newton_tol = max(10 * EPS / rtol, min(0.03, rtol ** 0.5)) + self.sol = None + + self.jac_factor = None + self.jac, self.J = self._validate_jac(jac, jac_sparsity) + if issparse(self.J): + def lu(A): + self.nlu += 1 + return splu(A) + + def solve_lu(LU, b): + return LU.solve(b) + + I = eye(self.n, format='csc') + else: + def lu(A): + self.nlu += 1 + return lu_factor(A, overwrite_a=True) + + def solve_lu(LU, b): + return lu_solve(LU, b, overwrite_b=True) + + I = np.identity(self.n) + + self.lu = lu + self.solve_lu = solve_lu + self.I = I + + self.current_jac = True + self.LU_real = None + self.LU_complex = None + self.Z = None + + def _validate_jac(self, jac, sparsity): + t0 = self.t + y0 = self.y + + if jac is None: + if sparsity is not None: + if issparse(sparsity): + sparsity = csc_matrix(sparsity) + groups = group_columns(sparsity) + sparsity = (sparsity, groups) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y, f): + self.njev += 1 + J, self.jac_factor = num_jac(self.fun_vectorized, t, y, f, + self.atol, self.jac_factor, + sparsity) + return J + J = jac_wrapped(t0, y0, self.f) + elif callable(jac): + J = jac(t0, y0) + self.njev = 1 + if issparse(J): + J = csc_matrix(J) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y, _=None): + self.njev += 1 + return csc_matrix(jac(t, y), dtype=float) + + else: + J = np.asarray(J, dtype=float) + + def jac_wrapped(t, y, _=None): + self.njev += 1 + return np.asarray(jac(t, y), dtype=float) + + if J.shape != (self.n, self.n): + raise ValueError(f"`jac` is expected to have shape {(self.n, self.n)}," + f" but actually has {J.shape}.") + else: + if issparse(jac): + J = csc_matrix(jac) + else: + J = np.asarray(jac, dtype=float) + + if J.shape != (self.n, self.n): + raise ValueError(f"`jac` is expected to have shape {(self.n, self.n)}," + f" but actually has {J.shape}.") + jac_wrapped = None + + return jac_wrapped, J + + def _step_impl(self): + t = self.t + y = self.y + f = self.f + + max_step = self.max_step + atol = self.atol + rtol = self.rtol + + min_step = 10 * np.abs(np.nextafter(t, self.direction * np.inf) - t) + if self.h_abs > max_step: + h_abs = max_step + h_abs_old = None + error_norm_old = None + elif self.h_abs < min_step: + h_abs = min_step + h_abs_old = None + error_norm_old = None + else: + h_abs = self.h_abs + h_abs_old = self.h_abs_old + error_norm_old = self.error_norm_old + + J = self.J + LU_real = self.LU_real + LU_complex = self.LU_complex + + current_jac = self.current_jac + jac = self.jac + + rejected = False + step_accepted = False + message = None + while not step_accepted: + if h_abs < min_step: + return False, self.TOO_SMALL_STEP + + h = h_abs * self.direction + t_new = t + h + + if self.direction * (t_new - self.t_bound) > 0: + t_new = self.t_bound + + h = t_new - t + h_abs = np.abs(h) + + if self.sol is None: + Z0 = np.zeros((3, y.shape[0])) + else: + Z0 = self.sol(t + h * C).T - y + + scale = atol + np.abs(y) * rtol + + converged = False + while not converged: + if LU_real is None or LU_complex is None: + LU_real = self.lu(MU_REAL / h * self.I - J) + LU_complex = self.lu(MU_COMPLEX / h * self.I - J) + + converged, n_iter, Z, rate = solve_collocation_system( + self.fun, t, y, h, Z0, scale, self.newton_tol, + LU_real, LU_complex, self.solve_lu) + + if not converged: + if current_jac: + break + + J = self.jac(t, y, f) + current_jac = True + LU_real = None + LU_complex = None + + if not converged: + h_abs *= 0.5 + LU_real = None + LU_complex = None + continue + + y_new = y + Z[-1] + ZE = Z.T.dot(E) / h + error = self.solve_lu(LU_real, f + ZE) + scale = atol + np.maximum(np.abs(y), np.abs(y_new)) * rtol + error_norm = norm(error / scale) + safety = 0.9 * (2 * NEWTON_MAXITER + 1) / (2 * NEWTON_MAXITER + + n_iter) + + if rejected and error_norm > 1: + error = self.solve_lu(LU_real, self.fun(t, y + error) + ZE) + error_norm = norm(error / scale) + + if error_norm > 1: + factor = predict_factor(h_abs, h_abs_old, + error_norm, error_norm_old) + h_abs *= max(MIN_FACTOR, safety * factor) + + LU_real = None + LU_complex = None + rejected = True + else: + step_accepted = True + + recompute_jac = jac is not None and n_iter > 2 and rate > 1e-3 + + factor = predict_factor(h_abs, h_abs_old, error_norm, error_norm_old) + factor = min(MAX_FACTOR, safety * factor) + + if not recompute_jac and factor < 1.2: + factor = 1 + else: + LU_real = None + LU_complex = None + + f_new = self.fun(t_new, y_new) + if recompute_jac: + J = jac(t_new, y_new, f_new) + current_jac = True + elif jac is not None: + current_jac = False + + self.h_abs_old = self.h_abs + self.error_norm_old = error_norm + + self.h_abs = h_abs * factor + + self.y_old = y + + self.t = t_new + self.y = y_new + self.f = f_new + + self.Z = Z + + self.LU_real = LU_real + self.LU_complex = LU_complex + self.current_jac = current_jac + self.J = J + + self.t_old = t + self.sol = self._compute_dense_output() + + return step_accepted, message + + def _compute_dense_output(self): + Q = np.dot(self.Z.T, P) + return RadauDenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, self.y_old, Q) + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + return self.sol + + +class RadauDenseOutput(DenseOutput): + def __init__(self, t_old, t, y_old, Q): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.h = t - t_old + self.Q = Q + self.order = Q.shape[1] - 1 + self.y_old = y_old + + def _call_impl(self, t): + x = (t - self.t_old) / self.h + if t.ndim == 0: + p = np.tile(x, self.order + 1) + p = np.cumprod(p) + else: + p = np.tile(x, (self.order + 1, 1)) + p = np.cumprod(p, axis=0) + # Here we don't multiply by h, not a mistake. + y = np.dot(self.Q, p) + if y.ndim == 2: + y += self.y_old[:, None] + else: + y += self.y_old + + return y diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/rk.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/rk.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..62a5347ffe91afc754e9b818d0b34c010d0c4d12 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/rk.py @@ -0,0 +1,601 @@ +import numpy as np +from .base import OdeSolver, DenseOutput +from .common import (validate_max_step, validate_tol, select_initial_step, + norm, warn_extraneous, validate_first_step) +from . import dop853_coefficients + +# Multiply steps computed from asymptotic behaviour of errors by this. +SAFETY = 0.9 + +MIN_FACTOR = 0.2 # Minimum allowed decrease in a step size. +MAX_FACTOR = 10 # Maximum allowed increase in a step size. + + +def rk_step(fun, t, y, f, h, A, B, C, K): + """Perform a single Runge-Kutta step. + + This function computes a prediction of an explicit Runge-Kutta method and + also estimates the error of a less accurate method. + + Notation for Butcher tableau is as in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray, shape (n,) + Current state. + f : ndarray, shape (n,) + Current value of the derivative, i.e., ``fun(x, y)``. + h : float + Step to use. + A : ndarray, shape (n_stages, n_stages) + Coefficients for combining previous RK stages to compute the next + stage. For explicit methods the coefficients at and above the main + diagonal are zeros. + B : ndarray, shape (n_stages,) + Coefficients for combining RK stages for computing the final + prediction. + C : ndarray, shape (n_stages,) + Coefficients for incrementing time for consecutive RK stages. + The value for the first stage is always zero. + K : ndarray, shape (n_stages + 1, n) + Storage array for putting RK stages here. Stages are stored in rows. + The last row is a linear combination of the previous rows with + coefficients + + Returns + ------- + y_new : ndarray, shape (n,) + Solution at t + h computed with a higher accuracy. + f_new : ndarray, shape (n,) + Derivative ``fun(t + h, y_new)``. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] E. Hairer, S. P. Norsett G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential + Equations I: Nonstiff Problems", Sec. II.4. + """ + K[0] = f + for s, (a, c) in enumerate(zip(A[1:], C[1:]), start=1): + dy = np.dot(K[:s].T, a[:s]) * h + K[s] = fun(t + c * h, y + dy) + + y_new = y + h * np.dot(K[:-1].T, B) + f_new = fun(t + h, y_new) + + K[-1] = f_new + + return y_new, f_new + + +class RungeKutta(OdeSolver): + """Base class for explicit Runge-Kutta methods.""" + C: np.ndarray = NotImplemented + A: np.ndarray = NotImplemented + B: np.ndarray = NotImplemented + E: np.ndarray = NotImplemented + P: np.ndarray = NotImplemented + order: int = NotImplemented + error_estimator_order: int = NotImplemented + n_stages: int = NotImplemented + + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, max_step=np.inf, + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6, vectorized=False, + first_step=None, **extraneous): + warn_extraneous(extraneous) + super().__init__(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, vectorized, + support_complex=True) + self.y_old = None + self.max_step = validate_max_step(max_step) + self.rtol, self.atol = validate_tol(rtol, atol, self.n) + self.f = self.fun(self.t, self.y) + if first_step is None: + self.h_abs = select_initial_step( + self.fun, self.t, self.y, t_bound, max_step, self.f, self.direction, + self.error_estimator_order, self.rtol, self.atol) + else: + self.h_abs = validate_first_step(first_step, t0, t_bound) + self.K = np.empty((self.n_stages + 1, self.n), dtype=self.y.dtype) + self.error_exponent = -1 / (self.error_estimator_order + 1) + self.h_previous = None + + def _estimate_error(self, K, h): + return np.dot(K.T, self.E) * h + + def _estimate_error_norm(self, K, h, scale): + return norm(self._estimate_error(K, h) / scale) + + def _step_impl(self): + t = self.t + y = self.y + + max_step = self.max_step + rtol = self.rtol + atol = self.atol + + min_step = 10 * np.abs(np.nextafter(t, self.direction * np.inf) - t) + + if self.h_abs > max_step: + h_abs = max_step + elif self.h_abs < min_step: + h_abs = min_step + else: + h_abs = self.h_abs + + step_accepted = False + step_rejected = False + + while not step_accepted: + if h_abs < min_step: + return False, self.TOO_SMALL_STEP + + h = h_abs * self.direction + t_new = t + h + + if self.direction * (t_new - self.t_bound) > 0: + t_new = self.t_bound + + h = t_new - t + h_abs = np.abs(h) + + y_new, f_new = rk_step(self.fun, t, y, self.f, h, self.A, + self.B, self.C, self.K) + scale = atol + np.maximum(np.abs(y), np.abs(y_new)) * rtol + error_norm = self._estimate_error_norm(self.K, h, scale) + + if error_norm < 1: + if error_norm == 0: + factor = MAX_FACTOR + else: + factor = min(MAX_FACTOR, + SAFETY * error_norm ** self.error_exponent) + + if step_rejected: + factor = min(1, factor) + + h_abs *= factor + + step_accepted = True + else: + h_abs *= max(MIN_FACTOR, + SAFETY * error_norm ** self.error_exponent) + step_rejected = True + + self.h_previous = h + self.y_old = y + + self.t = t_new + self.y = y_new + + self.h_abs = h_abs + self.f = f_new + + return True, None + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + Q = self.K.T.dot(self.P) + return RkDenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, self.y_old, Q) + + +class RK23(RungeKutta): + """Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 3(2). + + This uses the Bogacki-Shampine pair of formulas [1]_. The error is controlled + assuming accuracy of the second-order method, but steps are taken using the + third-order accurate formula (local extrapolation is done). A cubic Hermite + polynomial is used for the dense output. + + Can be applied in the complex domain. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system: the time derivative of the state ``y`` + at time ``t``. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``, where ``t`` is a + scalar and ``y`` is an ndarray with ``len(y) = len(y0)``. ``fun`` must + return an array of the same shape as ``y``. See `vectorized` for more + information. + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` may be called in a vectorized fashion. False (default) + is recommended for this solver. + + If ``vectorized`` is False, `fun` will always be called with ``y`` of + shape ``(n,)``, where ``n = len(y0)``. + + If ``vectorized`` is True, `fun` may be called with ``y`` of shape + ``(n, k)``, where ``k`` is an integer. In this case, `fun` must behave + such that ``fun(t, y)[:, i] == fun(t, y[:, i])`` (i.e. each column of + the returned array is the time derivative of the state corresponding + with a column of ``y``). + + Setting ``vectorized=True`` allows for faster finite difference + approximation of the Jacobian by methods 'Radau' and 'BDF', but + will result in slower execution for this solver. + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number evaluations of the system's right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + Is always 0 for this solver as it does not use the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. Is always 0 for this solver. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. Bogacki, L.F. Shampine, "A 3(2) Pair of Runge-Kutta Formulas", + Appl. Math. Lett. Vol. 2, No. 4. pp. 321-325, 1989. + """ + order = 3 + error_estimator_order = 2 + n_stages = 3 + C = np.array([0, 1/2, 3/4]) + A = np.array([ + [0, 0, 0], + [1/2, 0, 0], + [0, 3/4, 0] + ]) + B = np.array([2/9, 1/3, 4/9]) + E = np.array([5/72, -1/12, -1/9, 1/8]) + P = np.array([[1, -4 / 3, 5 / 9], + [0, 1, -2/3], + [0, 4/3, -8/9], + [0, -1, 1]]) + + +class RK45(RungeKutta): + """Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 5(4). + + This uses the Dormand-Prince pair of formulas [1]_. The error is controlled + assuming accuracy of the fourth-order method accuracy, but steps are taken + using the fifth-order accurate formula (local extrapolation is done). + A quartic interpolation polynomial is used for the dense output [2]_. + + Can be applied in the complex domain. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``. + Here ``t`` is a scalar, and there are two options for the ndarray ``y``: + It can either have shape (n,); then ``fun`` must return array_like with + shape (n,). Alternatively it can have shape (n, k); then ``fun`` + must return an array_like with shape (n, k), i.e., each column + corresponds to a single column in ``y``. The choice between the two + options is determined by `vectorized` argument (see below). + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e., the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` is implemented in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number evaluations of the system's right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. + Is always 0 for this solver as it does not use the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. Is always 0 for this solver. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. R. Dormand, P. J. Prince, "A family of embedded Runge-Kutta + formulae", Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 6, + No. 1, pp. 19-26, 1980. + .. [2] L. W. Shampine, "Some Practical Runge-Kutta Formulas", Mathematics + of Computation,, Vol. 46, No. 173, pp. 135-150, 1986. + """ + order = 5 + error_estimator_order = 4 + n_stages = 6 + C = np.array([0, 1/5, 3/10, 4/5, 8/9, 1]) + A = np.array([ + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [1/5, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [3/40, 9/40, 0, 0, 0], + [44/45, -56/15, 32/9, 0, 0], + [19372/6561, -25360/2187, 64448/6561, -212/729, 0], + [9017/3168, -355/33, 46732/5247, 49/176, -5103/18656] + ]) + B = np.array([35/384, 0, 500/1113, 125/192, -2187/6784, 11/84]) + E = np.array([-71/57600, 0, 71/16695, -71/1920, 17253/339200, -22/525, + 1/40]) + # Corresponds to the optimum value of c_6 from [2]_. + P = np.array([ + [1, -8048581381/2820520608, 8663915743/2820520608, + -12715105075/11282082432], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 131558114200/32700410799, -68118460800/10900136933, + 87487479700/32700410799], + [0, -1754552775/470086768, 14199869525/1410260304, + -10690763975/1880347072], + [0, 127303824393/49829197408, -318862633887/49829197408, + 701980252875 / 199316789632], + [0, -282668133/205662961, 2019193451/616988883, -1453857185/822651844], + [0, 40617522/29380423, -110615467/29380423, 69997945/29380423]]) + + +class DOP853(RungeKutta): + """Explicit Runge-Kutta method of order 8. + + This is a Python implementation of "DOP853" algorithm originally written + in Fortran [1]_, [2]_. Note that this is not a literal translation, but + the algorithmic core and coefficients are the same. + + Can be applied in the complex domain. + + Parameters + ---------- + fun : callable + Right-hand side of the system. The calling signature is ``fun(t, y)``. + Here, ``t`` is a scalar, and there are two options for the ndarray ``y``: + It can either have shape (n,); then ``fun`` must return array_like with + shape (n,). Alternatively it can have shape (n, k); then ``fun`` + must return an array_like with shape (n, k), i.e. each column + corresponds to a single column in ``y``. The choice between the two + options is determined by `vectorized` argument (see below). + t0 : float + Initial time. + y0 : array_like, shape (n,) + Initial state. + t_bound : float + Boundary time - the integration won't continue beyond it. It also + determines the direction of the integration. + first_step : float or None, optional + Initial step size. Default is ``None`` which means that the algorithm + should choose. + max_step : float, optional + Maximum allowed step size. Default is np.inf, i.e. the step size is not + bounded and determined solely by the solver. + rtol, atol : float and array_like, optional + Relative and absolute tolerances. The solver keeps the local error + estimates less than ``atol + rtol * abs(y)``. Here `rtol` controls a + relative accuracy (number of correct digits), while `atol` controls + absolute accuracy (number of correct decimal places). To achieve the + desired `rtol`, set `atol` to be smaller than the smallest value that + can be expected from ``rtol * abs(y)`` so that `rtol` dominates the + allowable error. If `atol` is larger than ``rtol * abs(y)`` the + number of correct digits is not guaranteed. Conversely, to achieve the + desired `atol` set `rtol` such that ``rtol * abs(y)`` is always smaller + than `atol`. If components of y have different scales, it might be + beneficial to set different `atol` values for different components by + passing array_like with shape (n,) for `atol`. Default values are + 1e-3 for `rtol` and 1e-6 for `atol`. + vectorized : bool, optional + Whether `fun` is implemented in a vectorized fashion. Default is False. + + Attributes + ---------- + n : int + Number of equations. + status : string + Current status of the solver: 'running', 'finished' or 'failed'. + t_bound : float + Boundary time. + direction : float + Integration direction: +1 or -1. + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current state. + t_old : float + Previous time. None if no steps were made yet. + step_size : float + Size of the last successful step. None if no steps were made yet. + nfev : int + Number evaluations of the system's right-hand side. + njev : int + Number of evaluations of the Jacobian. Is always 0 for this solver + as it does not use the Jacobian. + nlu : int + Number of LU decompositions. Is always 0 for this solver. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] E. Hairer, S. P. Norsett G. Wanner, "Solving Ordinary Differential + Equations I: Nonstiff Problems", Sec. II. + .. [2] `Page with original Fortran code of DOP853 + `_. + """ + n_stages = dop853_coefficients.N_STAGES + order = 8 + error_estimator_order = 7 + A = dop853_coefficients.A[:n_stages, :n_stages] + B = dop853_coefficients.B + C = dop853_coefficients.C[:n_stages] + E3 = dop853_coefficients.E3 + E5 = dop853_coefficients.E5 + D = dop853_coefficients.D + + A_EXTRA = dop853_coefficients.A[n_stages + 1:] + C_EXTRA = dop853_coefficients.C[n_stages + 1:] + + def __init__(self, fun, t0, y0, t_bound, max_step=np.inf, + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6, vectorized=False, + first_step=None, **extraneous): + super().__init__(fun, t0, y0, t_bound, max_step, rtol, atol, + vectorized, first_step, **extraneous) + self.K_extended = np.empty((dop853_coefficients.N_STAGES_EXTENDED, + self.n), dtype=self.y.dtype) + self.K = self.K_extended[:self.n_stages + 1] + + def _estimate_error(self, K, h): # Left for testing purposes. + err5 = np.dot(K.T, self.E5) + err3 = np.dot(K.T, self.E3) + denom = np.hypot(np.abs(err5), 0.1 * np.abs(err3)) + correction_factor = np.ones_like(err5) + mask = denom > 0 + correction_factor[mask] = np.abs(err5[mask]) / denom[mask] + return h * err5 * correction_factor + + def _estimate_error_norm(self, K, h, scale): + err5 = np.dot(K.T, self.E5) / scale + err3 = np.dot(K.T, self.E3) / scale + err5_norm_2 = np.linalg.norm(err5)**2 + err3_norm_2 = np.linalg.norm(err3)**2 + if err5_norm_2 == 0 and err3_norm_2 == 0: + return 0.0 + denom = err5_norm_2 + 0.01 * err3_norm_2 + return np.abs(h) * err5_norm_2 / np.sqrt(denom * len(scale)) + + def _dense_output_impl(self): + K = self.K_extended + h = self.h_previous + for s, (a, c) in enumerate(zip(self.A_EXTRA, self.C_EXTRA), + start=self.n_stages + 1): + dy = np.dot(K[:s].T, a[:s]) * h + K[s] = self.fun(self.t_old + c * h, self.y_old + dy) + + F = np.empty((dop853_coefficients.INTERPOLATOR_POWER, self.n), + dtype=self.y_old.dtype) + + f_old = K[0] + delta_y = self.y - self.y_old + + F[0] = delta_y + F[1] = h * f_old - delta_y + F[2] = 2 * delta_y - h * (self.f + f_old) + F[3:] = h * np.dot(self.D, K) + + return Dop853DenseOutput(self.t_old, self.t, self.y_old, F) + + +class RkDenseOutput(DenseOutput): + def __init__(self, t_old, t, y_old, Q): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.h = t - t_old + self.Q = Q + self.order = Q.shape[1] - 1 + self.y_old = y_old + + def _call_impl(self, t): + x = (t - self.t_old) / self.h + if t.ndim == 0: + p = np.tile(x, self.order + 1) + p = np.cumprod(p) + else: + p = np.tile(x, (self.order + 1, 1)) + p = np.cumprod(p, axis=0) + y = self.h * np.dot(self.Q, p) + if y.ndim == 2: + y += self.y_old[:, None] + else: + y += self.y_old + + return y + + +class Dop853DenseOutput(DenseOutput): + def __init__(self, t_old, t, y_old, F): + super().__init__(t_old, t) + self.h = t - t_old + self.F = F + self.y_old = y_old + + def _call_impl(self, t): + x = (t - self.t_old) / self.h + + if t.ndim == 0: + y = np.zeros_like(self.y_old) + else: + x = x[:, None] + y = np.zeros((len(x), len(self.y_old)), dtype=self.y_old.dtype) + + for i, f in enumerate(reversed(self.F)): + y += f + if i % 2 == 0: + y *= x + else: + y *= 1 - x + y += self.y_old + + return y.T diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___init__.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___pycache__ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___pycache__ new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/.___pycache__ differ diff --git 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mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_ivp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_ivp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9bcdb792245d0eef8228a7bfec031ed5b3c16499 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_ivp.py @@ -0,0 +1,1295 @@ +import warnings + +from itertools import product + +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_allclose, assert_array_less, + assert_equal, assert_no_warnings) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import numpy as np +from scipy.optimize._numdiff import group_columns +from scipy.integrate import solve_ivp, RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA +from scipy.integrate import OdeSolution +from scipy.integrate._ivp.common import num_jac, select_initial_step +from scipy.integrate._ivp.base import ConstantDenseOutput +from scipy.sparse import coo_matrix, csc_matrix + + +def fun_zero(t, y): + return np.zeros_like(y) + + +def fun_linear(t, y): + return np.array([-y[0] - 5 * y[1], y[0] + y[1]]) + + +def jac_linear(): + return np.array([[-1, -5], [1, 1]]) + + +def sol_linear(t): + return np.vstack((-5 * np.sin(2 * t), + 2 * np.cos(2 * t) + np.sin(2 * t))) + + +def fun_rational(t, y): + return np.array([y[1] / t, + y[1] * (y[0] + 2 * y[1] - 1) / (t * (y[0] - 1))]) + + +def fun_rational_vectorized(t, y): + return np.vstack((y[1] / t, + y[1] * (y[0] + 2 * y[1] - 1) / (t * (y[0] - 1)))) + + +def jac_rational(t, y): + return np.array([ + [0, 1 / t], + [-2 * y[1] ** 2 / (t * (y[0] - 1) ** 2), + (y[0] + 4 * y[1] - 1) / (t * (y[0] - 1))] + ]) + + +def jac_rational_sparse(t, y): + return csc_matrix([ + [0, 1 / t], + [-2 * y[1] ** 2 / (t * (y[0] - 1) ** 2), + (y[0] + 4 * y[1] - 1) / (t * (y[0] - 1))] + ]) + + +def sol_rational(t): + return np.asarray((t / (t + 10), 10 * t / (t + 10) ** 2)) + + +def fun_medazko(t, y): + n = y.shape[0] // 2 + k = 100 + c = 4 + + phi = 2 if t <= 5 else 0 + y = np.hstack((phi, 0, y, y[-2])) + + d = 1 / n + j = np.arange(n) + 1 + alpha = 2 * (j * d - 1) ** 3 / c ** 2 + beta = (j * d - 1) ** 4 / c ** 2 + + j_2_p1 = 2 * j + 2 + j_2_m3 = 2 * j - 2 + j_2_m1 = 2 * j + j_2 = 2 * j + 1 + + f = np.empty(2 * n) + f[::2] = (alpha * (y[j_2_p1] - y[j_2_m3]) / (2 * d) + + beta * (y[j_2_m3] - 2 * y[j_2_m1] + y[j_2_p1]) / d ** 2 - + k * y[j_2_m1] * y[j_2]) + f[1::2] = -k * y[j_2] * y[j_2_m1] + + return f + + +def medazko_sparsity(n): + cols = [] + rows = [] + + i = np.arange(n) * 2 + + cols.append(i[1:]) + rows.append(i[1:] - 2) + + cols.append(i) + rows.append(i) + + cols.append(i) + rows.append(i + 1) + + cols.append(i[:-1]) + rows.append(i[:-1] + 2) + + i = np.arange(n) * 2 + 1 + + cols.append(i) + rows.append(i) + + cols.append(i) + rows.append(i - 1) + + cols = np.hstack(cols) + rows = np.hstack(rows) + + return coo_matrix((np.ones_like(cols), (cols, rows))) + + +def fun_complex(t, y): + return -y + + +def jac_complex(t, y): + return -np.eye(y.shape[0]) + + +def jac_complex_sparse(t, y): + return csc_matrix(jac_complex(t, y)) + + +def sol_complex(t): + y = (0.5 + 1j) * np.exp(-t) + return y.reshape((1, -1)) + + +def fun_event_dense_output_LSODA(t, y): + return y * (t - 2) + + +def jac_event_dense_output_LSODA(t, y): + return t - 2 + + +def sol_event_dense_output_LSODA(t): + return np.exp(t ** 2 / 2 - 2 * t + np.log(0.05) - 6) + + +def compute_error(y, y_true, rtol, atol): + e = (y - y_true) / (atol + rtol * np.abs(y_true)) + return np.linalg.norm(e, axis=0) / np.sqrt(e.shape[0]) + +def test_duplicate_timestamps(): + def upward_cannon(t, y): + return [y[1], -9.80665] + + def hit_ground(t, y): + return y[0] + + hit_ground.terminal = True + hit_ground.direction = -1 + + sol = solve_ivp(upward_cannon, [0, np.inf], [0, 0.01], + max_step=0.05 * 0.001 / 9.80665, + events=hit_ground, dense_output=True) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(0.01), np.asarray([-0.00039033, -0.08806632]), + rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-8) + assert_allclose(sol.t_events, np.asarray([[0.00203943]]), rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-8) + assert_allclose(sol.y_events, [np.asarray([[ 0.0, -0.01 ]])], atol=1e-9) + assert sol.success + assert_equal(sol.status, 1) + + +@pytest.mark.thread_unsafe(reason="lsoda solver is not thread-safe") +def test_integration(): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + + for vectorized, method, t_span, jac in product( + [False, True], + ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA'], + [[5, 9], [5, 1]], + [None, jac_rational, jac_rational_sparse]): + + if vectorized: + fun = fun_rational_vectorized + else: + fun = fun_rational + + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "The following arguments have no effect for a chosen solver: `jac`", + UserWarning, + ) + res = solve_ivp(fun, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, method=method, dense_output=True, + jac=jac, vectorized=vectorized) + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.y_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + if method == 'DOP853': + # DOP853 spends more functions evaluation because it doesn't + # have enough time to develop big enough step size. + assert_(res.nfev < 50) + else: + assert_(res.nfev < 40) + + if method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'LSODA']: + assert_equal(res.njev, 0) + assert_equal(res.nlu, 0) + else: + assert_(0 < res.njev < 3) + assert_(0 < res.nlu < 10) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + tc = np.linspace(*t_span) + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + tc = (t_span[0] + t_span[-1]) / 2 + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + assert_allclose(res.sol(res.t), res.y, rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15) + + +def test_integration_complex(): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [0.5 + 1j] + t_span = [0, 1] + tc = np.linspace(t_span[0], t_span[1]) + for method, jac in product(['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'BDF'], + [None, jac_complex, jac_complex_sparse]): + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "The following arguments have no effect for a chosen solver: `jac`", + UserWarning, + ) + res = solve_ivp(fun_complex, t_span, y0, method=method, + dense_output=True, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, jac=jac) + + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.y_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + if method == 'DOP853': + assert res.nfev < 35 + else: + assert res.nfev < 25 + + if method == 'BDF': + assert_equal(res.njev, 1) + assert res.nlu < 6 + else: + assert res.njev == 0 + assert res.nlu == 0 + + y_true = sol_complex(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert np.all(e < 5) + + yc_true = sol_complex(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + + assert np.all(e < 5) + + +@pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) +def test_integration_sparse_difference(): + n = 200 + t_span = [0, 20] + y0 = np.zeros(2 * n) + y0[1::2] = 1 + sparsity = medazko_sparsity(n) + + for method in ['BDF', 'Radau']: + res = solve_ivp(fun_medazko, t_span, y0, method=method, + jac_sparsity=sparsity) + + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.y_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + assert_allclose(res.y[78, -1], 0.233994e-3, rtol=1e-2) + assert_allclose(res.y[79, -1], 0, atol=1e-3) + assert_allclose(res.y[148, -1], 0.359561e-3, rtol=1e-2) + assert_allclose(res.y[149, -1], 0, atol=1e-3) + assert_allclose(res.y[198, -1], 0.117374129e-3, rtol=1e-2) + assert_allclose(res.y[199, -1], 0.6190807e-5, atol=1e-3) + assert_allclose(res.y[238, -1], 0, atol=1e-3) + assert_allclose(res.y[239, -1], 0.9999997, rtol=1e-2) + + +def test_integration_const_jac(): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [0, 2] + t_span = [0, 2] + J = jac_linear() + J_sparse = csc_matrix(J) + + for method, jac in product(['Radau', 'BDF'], [J, J_sparse]): + res = solve_ivp(fun_linear, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + method=method, dense_output=True, jac=jac) + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.y_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + assert_(res.nfev < 100) + assert_equal(res.njev, 0) + assert_(0 < res.nlu < 15) + + y_true = sol_linear(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 10)) + + tc = np.linspace(*t_span) + yc_true = sol_linear(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 15)) + + assert_allclose(res.sol(res.t), res.y, rtol=1e-14, atol=1e-14) + + +@pytest.mark.slow +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']) +def test_integration_stiff(method, num_parallel_threads): + rtol = 1e-6 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1e4, 0, 0] + tspan = [0, 1e8] + + if method == 'LSODA' and num_parallel_threads > 1: + pytest.skip(reason='LSODA does not allow for concurrent calls') + + def fun_robertson(t, state): + x, y, z = state + return [ + -0.04 * x + 1e4 * y * z, + 0.04 * x - 1e4 * y * z - 3e7 * y * y, + 3e7 * y * y, + ] + + res = solve_ivp(fun_robertson, tspan, y0, rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, method=method) + + # If the stiff mode is not activated correctly, these numbers will be much bigger + assert res.nfev < 5000 + assert res.njev < 200 + + +def test_events(num_parallel_threads): + def event_rational_1(t, y): + return y[0] - y[1] ** 0.7 + + def event_rational_2(t, y): + return y[1] ** 0.6 - y[0] + + def event_rational_3(t, y): + return t - 7.4 + + event_rational_3.terminal = True + + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + if method == 'LSODA' and num_parallel_threads > 1: + continue + + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 8], [1/3, 2/9], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 1) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[1][0] < 7.7) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_2(res.t_events[1][0], res.y_events[1][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = 1 + event_rational_2.direction = 1 + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 8], [1 / 3, 2 / 9], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 0) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (0,)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = -1 + event_rational_2.direction = -1 + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 8], [1 / 3, 2 / 9], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 1) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[1][0] < 7.7) + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_2(res.t_events[1][0], res.y_events[1][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = 0 + event_rational_2.direction = 0 + + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 8], [1 / 3, 2 / 9], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2, + event_rational_3), dense_output=True) + assert_equal(res.status, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[2].size, 1) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[2][0] < 7.5) + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[2].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_3(res.t_events[2][0], res.y_events[2][0]), 0) + + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 8], [1 / 3, 2 / 9], method=method, + events=event_rational_1, dense_output=True) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + + # Also test that termination by event doesn't break interpolants. + tc = np.linspace(res.t[0], res.t[-1]) + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, 1e-3, 1e-6) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + # Test that the y_event matches solution + assert np.allclose(sol_rational(res.t_events[0][0]), res.y_events[0][0], + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6) + + # Test in backward direction. + event_rational_1.direction = 0 + event_rational_2.direction = 0 + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + if method == 'LSODA' and num_parallel_threads > 1: + continue + + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [8, 5], [4/9, 20/81], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 1) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[1][0] < 7.7) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_2(res.t_events[1][0], res.y_events[1][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = -1 + event_rational_2.direction = -1 + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [8, 5], [4/9, 20/81], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 0) + assert_(5.3 < res.t_events[0][0] < 5.7) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (0,)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_1(res.t_events[0][0], res.y_events[0][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = 1 + event_rational_2.direction = 1 + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [8, 5], [4/9, 20/81], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2)) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 1) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[1][0] < 7.7) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_2(res.t_events[1][0], res.y_events[1][0]), 0) + + event_rational_1.direction = 0 + event_rational_2.direction = 0 + + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [8, 5], [4/9, 20/81], method=method, + events=(event_rational_1, event_rational_2, + event_rational_3), dense_output=True) + assert_equal(res.status, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[0].size, 0) + assert_equal(res.t_events[1].size, 1) + assert_equal(res.t_events[2].size, 1) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[1][0] < 7.7) + assert_(7.3 < res.t_events[2][0] < 7.5) + + assert_equal(res.y_events[0].shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[1].shape, (1, 2)) + assert_equal(res.y_events[2].shape, (1, 2)) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_2(res.t_events[1][0], res.y_events[1][0]), 0) + assert np.isclose( + event_rational_3(res.t_events[2][0], res.y_events[2][0]), 0) + + # Also test that termination by event doesn't break interpolants. + tc = np.linspace(res.t[-1], res.t[0]) + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, 1e-3, 1e-6) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + assert np.allclose(sol_rational(res.t_events[1][0]), res.y_events[1][0], + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6) + assert np.allclose(sol_rational(res.t_events[2][0]), res.y_events[2][0], + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-6) + + +def _get_harmonic_oscillator(): + def f(t, y): + return [y[1], -y[0]] + + def event(t, y): + return y[0] + + return f, event + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('n_events', [3, 4]) +def test_event_terminal_integer(n_events): + f, event = _get_harmonic_oscillator() + event.terminal = n_events + res = solve_ivp(f, (0, 100), [1, 0], events=event) + assert len(res.t_events[0]) == n_events + assert len(res.y_events[0]) == n_events + assert_allclose(res.y_events[0][:, 0], 0, atol=1e-14) + + +def test_event_terminal_iv(): + f, event = _get_harmonic_oscillator() + args = (f, (0, 100), [1, 0]) + + event.terminal = None + res = solve_ivp(*args, events=event) + event.terminal = 0 + ref = solve_ivp(*args, events=event) + assert_allclose(res.t_events, ref.t_events) + + message = "The `terminal` attribute..." + event.terminal = -1 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + solve_ivp(*args, events=event) + event.terminal = 3.5 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + solve_ivp(*args, events=event) + + +def test_max_step(num_parallel_threads): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + for method in [RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA]: + if method is LSODA and num_parallel_threads > 1: + continue + for t_span in ([5, 9], [5, 1]): + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, + max_step=0.5, atol=atol, method=method, + dense_output=True) + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_equal(res.t[-1], t_span[-1]) + assert_(np.all(np.abs(np.diff(res.t)) <= 0.5 + 1e-15)) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + tc = np.linspace(*t_span) + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + assert_allclose(res.sol(res.t), res.y, rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15) + + assert_raises(ValueError, method, fun_rational, t_span[0], y0, + t_span[1], max_step=-1) + + if method is not LSODA: + solver = method(fun_rational, t_span[0], y0, t_span[1], + rtol=rtol, atol=atol, max_step=1e-20) + message = solver.step() + message = solver.step() # First step succeeds but second step fails. + assert_equal(solver.status, 'failed') + assert_("step size is less" in message) + assert_raises(RuntimeError, solver.step) + + +def test_first_step(num_parallel_threads): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + first_step = 0.1 + for method in [RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA]: + if method is LSODA and num_parallel_threads > 1: + continue + for t_span in ([5, 9], [5, 1]): + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, + max_step=0.5, atol=atol, method=method, + dense_output=True, first_step=first_step) + + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_equal(res.t[-1], t_span[-1]) + assert_allclose(first_step, np.abs(res.t[1] - 5)) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + tc = np.linspace(*t_span) + yc_true = sol_rational(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + assert_allclose(res.sol(res.t), res.y, rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15) + + assert_raises(ValueError, method, fun_rational, t_span[0], y0, + t_span[1], first_step=-1) + assert_raises(ValueError, method, fun_rational, t_span[0], y0, + t_span[1], first_step=5) + + +def test_t_eval(): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + for t_span in ([5, 9], [5, 1]): + t_eval = np.linspace(t_span[0], t_span[1], 10) + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + t_eval = [5, 5.01, 7, 8, 8.01, 9] + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 9], y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + t_eval = [5, 4.99, 3, 1.5, 1.1, 1.01, 1] + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 1], y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + t_eval = [5.01, 7, 8, 8.01] + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 9], y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + t_eval = [4.99, 3, 1.5, 1.1, 1.01] + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, [5, 1], y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + t_eval = [4, 6] + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_ivp, fun_rational, [5, 9], y0, + rtol=rtol, atol=atol, t_eval=t_eval) + + +def test_t_eval_dense_output(): + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + t_span = [5, 9] + t_eval = np.linspace(t_span[0], t_span[1], 10) + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval) + res_d = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + t_eval=t_eval, dense_output=True) + assert_equal(res.t, t_eval) + assert_(res.t_events is None) + assert_(res.success) + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + assert_equal(res.t, res_d.t) + assert_equal(res.y, res_d.y) + assert_(res_d.t_events is None) + assert_(res_d.success) + assert_equal(res_d.status, 0) + + # if t and y are equal only test values for one case + y_true = sol_rational(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_(np.all(e < 5)) + + +@pytest.mark.thread_unsafe(reason="lsoda solver is not thread-safe") +def test_t_eval_early_event(): + def early_event(t, y): + return t - 7 + + early_event.terminal = True + + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [1/3, 2/9] + t_span = [5, 9] + t_eval = np.linspace(7.5, 9, 16) + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "The following arguments have no effect for a chosen solver: `jac`", + UserWarning, + ) + res = solve_ivp(fun_rational, t_span, y0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + method=method, t_eval=t_eval, events=early_event, + jac=jac_rational) + assert res.success + assert res.message == 'A termination event occurred.' + assert res.status == 1 + assert not res.t and not res.y + assert len(res.t_events) == 1 + assert res.t_events[0].size == 1 + assert res.t_events[0][0] == 7 + + +def test_event_dense_output_LSODA(num_parallel_threads): + if num_parallel_threads > 1: + pytest.skip('LSODA does not allow for concurrent execution') + + def event_lsoda(t, y): + return y[0] - 2.02e-5 + + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = [0.05] + t_span = [-2, 2] + first_step = 1e-3 + res = solve_ivp( + fun_event_dense_output_LSODA, + t_span, + y0, + method="LSODA", + dense_output=True, + events=event_lsoda, + first_step=first_step, + max_step=1, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + jac=jac_event_dense_output_LSODA, + ) + + assert_equal(res.t[0], t_span[0]) + assert_equal(res.t[-1], t_span[-1]) + assert_allclose(first_step, np.abs(res.t[1] - t_span[0])) + assert res.success + assert_equal(res.status, 0) + + y_true = sol_event_dense_output_LSODA(res.t) + e = compute_error(res.y, y_true, rtol, atol) + assert_array_less(e, 5) + + tc = np.linspace(*t_span) + yc_true = sol_event_dense_output_LSODA(tc) + yc = res.sol(tc) + e = compute_error(yc, yc_true, rtol, atol) + assert_array_less(e, 5) + + assert_allclose(res.sol(res.t), res.y, rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15) + + +def test_no_integration(): + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + sol = solve_ivp(lambda t, y: -y, [4, 4], [2, 3], + method=method, dense_output=True) + assert_equal(sol.sol(4), [2, 3]) + assert_equal(sol.sol([4, 5, 6]), [[2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3]]) + + +def test_no_integration_class(): + for method in [RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA]: + solver = method(lambda t, y: -y, 0.0, [10.0, 0.0], 0.0) + solver.step() + assert_equal(solver.status, 'finished') + sol = solver.dense_output() + assert_equal(sol(0.0), [10.0, 0.0]) + assert_equal(sol([0, 1, 2]), [[10, 10, 10], [0, 0, 0]]) + + solver = method(lambda t, y: -y, 0.0, [], np.inf) + solver.step() + assert_equal(solver.status, 'finished') + sol = solver.dense_output() + assert_equal(sol(100.0), []) + assert_equal(sol([0, 1, 2]), np.empty((0, 3))) + + +def test_empty(): + def fun(t, y): + return np.zeros((0,)) + + y0 = np.zeros((0,)) + + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + sol = assert_no_warnings(solve_ivp, fun, [0, 10], y0, + method=method, dense_output=True) + assert_equal(sol.sol(10), np.zeros((0,))) + assert_equal(sol.sol([1, 2, 3]), np.zeros((0, 3))) + + for method in ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']: + sol = assert_no_warnings(solve_ivp, fun, [0, np.inf], y0, + method=method, dense_output=True) + assert_equal(sol.sol(10), np.zeros((0,))) + assert_equal(sol.sol([1, 2, 3]), np.zeros((0, 3))) + + +def test_ConstantDenseOutput(): + sol = ConstantDenseOutput(0, 1, np.array([1, 2])) + assert_allclose(sol(1.5), [1, 2]) + assert_allclose(sol([1, 1.5, 2]), [[1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2]]) + + sol = ConstantDenseOutput(0, 1, np.array([])) + assert_allclose(sol(1.5), np.empty(0)) + assert_allclose(sol([1, 1.5, 2]), np.empty((0, 3))) + + +def test_classes(): + y0 = [1 / 3, 2 / 9] + for cls in [RK23, RK45, DOP853, Radau, BDF, LSODA]: + solver = cls(fun_rational, 5, y0, np.inf) + assert_equal(solver.n, 2) + assert_equal(solver.status, 'running') + assert_equal(solver.t_bound, np.inf) + assert_equal(solver.direction, 1) + assert_equal(solver.t, 5) + assert_equal(solver.y, y0) + assert_(solver.step_size is None) + if cls is not LSODA: + assert_(solver.nfev > 0) + assert_(solver.njev >= 0) + assert_equal(solver.nlu, 0) + else: + assert_equal(solver.nfev, 0) + assert_equal(solver.njev, 0) + assert_equal(solver.nlu, 0) + + assert_raises(RuntimeError, solver.dense_output) + + message = solver.step() + assert_equal(solver.status, 'running') + assert_equal(message, None) + assert_equal(solver.n, 2) + assert_equal(solver.t_bound, np.inf) + assert_equal(solver.direction, 1) + assert_(solver.t > 5) + assert_(not np.all(np.equal(solver.y, y0))) + assert_(solver.step_size > 0) + assert_(solver.nfev > 0) + assert_(solver.njev >= 0) + assert_(solver.nlu >= 0) + sol = solver.dense_output() + assert_allclose(sol(5), y0, rtol=1e-15, atol=0) + + +def test_OdeSolution(): + ts = np.array([0, 2, 5], dtype=float) + s1 = ConstantDenseOutput(ts[0], ts[1], np.array([-1])) + s2 = ConstantDenseOutput(ts[1], ts[2], np.array([1])) + + sol = OdeSolution(ts, [s1, s2]) + + assert_equal(sol(-1), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(1), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(2), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(3), [1]) + assert_equal(sol(5), [1]) + assert_equal(sol(6), [1]) + + assert_equal(sol([0, 6, -2, 1.5, 4.5, 2.5, 5, 5.5, 2]), + np.array([[-1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1]])) + + ts = np.array([10, 4, -3]) + s1 = ConstantDenseOutput(ts[0], ts[1], np.array([-1])) + s2 = ConstantDenseOutput(ts[1], ts[2], np.array([1])) + + sol = OdeSolution(ts, [s1, s2]) + assert_equal(sol(11), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(10), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(5), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(4), [-1]) + assert_equal(sol(0), [1]) + assert_equal(sol(-3), [1]) + assert_equal(sol(-4), [1]) + + assert_equal(sol([12, -5, 10, -3, 6, 1, 4]), + np.array([[-1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1]])) + + ts = np.array([1, 1]) + s = ConstantDenseOutput(1, 1, np.array([10])) + sol = OdeSolution(ts, [s]) + assert_equal(sol(0), [10]) + assert_equal(sol(1), [10]) + assert_equal(sol(2), [10]) + + assert_equal(sol([2, 1, 0]), np.array([[10, 10, 10]])) + + +def test_num_jac(): + def fun(t, y): + return np.vstack([ + -0.04 * y[0] + 1e4 * y[1] * y[2], + 0.04 * y[0] - 1e4 * y[1] * y[2] - 3e7 * y[1] ** 2, + 3e7 * y[1] ** 2 + ]) + + def jac(t, y): + return np.array([ + [-0.04, 1e4 * y[2], 1e4 * y[1]], + [0.04, -1e4 * y[2] - 6e7 * y[1], -1e4 * y[1]], + [0, 6e7 * y[1], 0] + ]) + + t = 1 + y = np.array([1, 0, 0]) + J_true = jac(t, y) + threshold = 1e-5 + f = fun(t, y).ravel() + + J_num, factor = num_jac(fun, t, y, f, threshold, None) + assert_allclose(J_num, J_true, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5) + + J_num, factor = num_jac(fun, t, y, f, threshold, factor) + assert_allclose(J_num, J_true, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5) + + +def test_num_jac_sparse(): + def fun(t, y): + e = y[1:]**3 - y[:-1]**2 + z = np.zeros(y.shape[1]) + return np.vstack((z, 3 * e)) + np.vstack((2 * e, z)) + + def structure(n): + A = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=int) + A[0, 0] = 1 + A[0, 1] = 1 + for i in range(1, n - 1): + A[i, i - 1: i + 2] = 1 + A[-1, -1] = 1 + A[-1, -2] = 1 + + return A + + np.random.seed(0) + n = 20 + y = np.random.randn(n) + A = structure(n) + groups = group_columns(A) + + f = fun(0, y[:, None]).ravel() + + # Compare dense and sparse results, assuming that dense implementation + # is correct (as it is straightforward). + J_num_sparse, factor_sparse = num_jac(fun, 0, y.ravel(), f, 1e-8, None, + sparsity=(A, groups)) + J_num_dense, factor_dense = num_jac(fun, 0, y.ravel(), f, 1e-8, None) + assert_allclose(J_num_dense, J_num_sparse.toarray(), + rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(factor_dense, factor_sparse, rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-14) + + # Take small factors to trigger their recomputing inside. + factor = np.random.uniform(0, 1e-12, size=n) + J_num_sparse, factor_sparse = num_jac(fun, 0, y.ravel(), f, 1e-8, factor, + sparsity=(A, groups)) + J_num_dense, factor_dense = num_jac(fun, 0, y.ravel(), f, 1e-8, factor) + + assert_allclose(J_num_dense, J_num_sparse.toarray(), + rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(factor_dense, factor_sparse, rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-14) + + +def test_args(): + + # sys3 is actually two decoupled systems. (x, y) form a + # linear oscillator, while z is a nonlinear first order + # system with equilibria at z=0 and z=1. If k > 0, z=1 + # is stable and z=0 is unstable. + + def sys3(t, w, omega, k, zfinal): + x, y, z = w + return [-omega*y, omega*x, k*z*(1 - z)] + + def sys3_jac(t, w, omega, k, zfinal): + x, y, z = w + J = np.array([[0, -omega, 0], + [omega, 0, 0], + [0, 0, k*(1 - 2*z)]]) + return J + + def sys3_x0decreasing(t, w, omega, k, zfinal): + x, y, z = w + return x + + def sys3_y0increasing(t, w, omega, k, zfinal): + x, y, z = w + return y + + def sys3_zfinal(t, w, omega, k, zfinal): + x, y, z = w + return z - zfinal + + # Set the event flags for the event functions. + sys3_x0decreasing.direction = -1 + sys3_y0increasing.direction = 1 + sys3_zfinal.terminal = True + + omega = 2 + k = 4 + + tfinal = 5 + zfinal = 0.99 + # Find z0 such that when z(0) = z0, z(tfinal) = zfinal. + # The condition z(tfinal) = zfinal is the terminal event. + z0 = np.exp(-k*tfinal)/((1 - zfinal)/zfinal + np.exp(-k*tfinal)) + + w0 = [0, -1, z0] + + # Provide the jac argument and use the Radau method to ensure that the use + # of the Jacobian function is exercised. + # If event handling is working, the solution will stop at tfinal, not tend. + tend = 2*tfinal + sol = solve_ivp(sys3, [0, tend], w0, + events=[sys3_x0decreasing, sys3_y0increasing, sys3_zfinal], + dense_output=True, args=(omega, k, zfinal), + method='Radau', jac=sys3_jac, + rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-13) + + # Check that we got the expected events at the expected times. + x0events_t = sol.t_events[0] + y0events_t = sol.t_events[1] + zfinalevents_t = sol.t_events[2] + assert_allclose(x0events_t, [0.5*np.pi, 1.5*np.pi]) + assert_allclose(y0events_t, [0.25*np.pi, 1.25*np.pi]) + assert_allclose(zfinalevents_t, [tfinal]) + + # Check that the solution agrees with the known exact solution. + t = np.linspace(0, zfinalevents_t[0], 250) + w = sol.sol(t) + assert_allclose(w[0], np.sin(omega*t), rtol=1e-9, atol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(w[1], -np.cos(omega*t), rtol=1e-9, atol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(w[2], 1/(((1 - z0)/z0)*np.exp(-k*t) + 1), + rtol=1e-9, atol=1e-12) + + # Check that the state variables have the expected values at the events. + x0events = sol.sol(x0events_t) + y0events = sol.sol(y0events_t) + zfinalevents = sol.sol(zfinalevents_t) + assert_allclose(x0events[0], np.zeros_like(x0events[0]), atol=5e-14) + assert_allclose(x0events[1], np.ones_like(x0events[1])) + assert_allclose(y0events[0], np.ones_like(y0events[0])) + assert_allclose(y0events[1], np.zeros_like(y0events[1]), atol=5e-14) + assert_allclose(zfinalevents[2], [zfinal]) + + +def test_array_rtol(): + # solve_ivp had a bug with array_like `rtol`; see gh-15482 + # check that it's fixed + def f(t, y): + return y[0], y[1] + + # no warning (or error) when `rtol` is array_like + sol = solve_ivp(f, (0, 1), [1., 1.], rtol=[1e-1, 1e-1]) + err1 = np.abs(np.linalg.norm(sol.y[:, -1] - np.exp(1))) + + # warning when an element of `rtol` is too small + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="At least one element..."): + sol = solve_ivp(f, (0, 1), [1., 1.], rtol=[1e-1, 1e-16]) + err2 = np.abs(np.linalg.norm(sol.y[:, -1] - np.exp(1))) + + # tighter rtol improves the error + assert err2 < err1 + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF', 'LSODA']) +def test_integration_zero_rhs(method, num_parallel_threads): + if method == 'LSODA' and num_parallel_threads > 1: + pytest.skip(reason='LSODA does not allow for concurrent execution') + + result = solve_ivp(fun_zero, [0, 10], np.ones(3), method=method) + assert_(result.success) + assert_equal(result.status, 0) + assert_allclose(result.y, 1.0, rtol=1e-15) + + +def test_args_single_value(): + def fun_with_arg(t, y, a): + return a*y + + message = "Supplied 'args' cannot be unpacked." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + solve_ivp(fun_with_arg, (0, 0.1), [1], args=-1) + + sol = solve_ivp(fun_with_arg, (0, 0.1), [1], args=(-1,)) + assert_allclose(sol.y[0, -1], np.exp(-0.1)) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("f0_fill", [np.nan, np.inf]) +def test_initial_state_finiteness(f0_fill): + # regression test for gh-17846 + msg = "All components of the initial state `y0` must be finite." + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg): + solve_ivp(fun_zero, [0, 10], np.full(3, f0_fill)) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF']) +def test_zero_interval(method): + # Case where upper and lower limits of integration are the same + # Result of integration should match initial state. + # f[y(t)] = 2y(t) + def f(t, y): + return 2 * y + res = solve_ivp(f, (0.0, 0.0), np.array([1.0]), method=method) + assert res.success + assert_allclose(res.y[0, -1], 1.0) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF']) +def test_tbound_respected_small_interval(method): + """Regression test for gh-17341""" + SMALL = 1e-4 + + # f[y(t)] = 2y(t) on t in [0,SMALL] + # undefined otherwise + def f(t, y): + if t > SMALL: + raise ValueError("Function was evaluated outside interval") + return 2 * y + res = solve_ivp(f, (0.0, SMALL), np.array([1]), method=method) + assert res.success + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF']) +def test_tbound_respected_larger_interval(method): + """Regression test for gh-8848""" + def V(r): + return -11/r + 10 * r / (0.05 + r**2) + + def func(t, p): + if t < -17 or t > 2: + raise ValueError("Function was evaluated outside interval") + P = p[0] + Q = p[1] + r = np.exp(t) + dPdr = r * Q + dQdr = -2.0 * r * ((-0.2 - V(r)) * P + 1 / r * Q) + return np.array([dPdr, dQdr]) + + result = solve_ivp(func, + (-17, 2), + y0=np.array([1, -11]), + max_step=0.03, + vectorized=False, + t_eval=None, + atol=1e-8, + rtol=1e-5) + assert result.success + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['RK23', 'RK45', 'DOP853', 'Radau', 'BDF']) +def test_tbound_respected_oscillator(method): + "Regression test for gh-9198" + def reactions_func(t, y): + if (t > 205): + raise ValueError("Called outside interval") + yprime = np.array([1.73307544e-02, + 6.49376470e-06, + 0.00000000e+00, + 0.00000000e+00]) + return yprime + + def run_sim2(t_end, n_timepoints=10, shortest_delay_line=10000000): + init_state = np.array([134.08298555, 138.82348612, 100., 0.]) + t0 = 100.0 + t1 = 200.0 + return solve_ivp(reactions_func, + (t0, t1), + init_state.copy(), + dense_output=True, + max_step=t1 - t0) + result = run_sim2(1000, 100, 100) + assert result.success + + +def test_inital_maxstep(): + """Verify that select_inital_step respects max_step""" + rtol = 1e-3 + atol = 1e-6 + y0 = np.array([1/3, 2/9]) + for (t0, t_bound) in ((5, 9), (5, 1)): + for method_order in [RK23.error_estimator_order, + RK45.error_estimator_order, + DOP853.error_estimator_order, + 3, #RADAU + 1 #BDF + ]: + step_no_max = select_initial_step(fun_rational, t0, y0, t_bound, + np.inf, + fun_rational(t0,y0), + np.sign(t_bound - t0), + method_order, + rtol, atol) + max_step = step_no_max/2 + step_with_max = select_initial_step(fun_rational, t0, y0, t_bound, + max_step, + fun_rational(t0, y0), + np.sign(t_bound - t0), + method_order, + rtol, atol) + assert_equal(max_step, step_with_max) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_rk.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_rk.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..33cb27d0323d037c0937ab94b4de8f63b46be3d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ivp/tests/test_rk.py @@ -0,0 +1,37 @@ +import pytest +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose, assert_ +import numpy as np +from scipy.integrate import RK23, RK45, DOP853 +from scipy.integrate._ivp import dop853_coefficients + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("solver", [RK23, RK45, DOP853]) +def test_coefficient_properties(solver): + assert_allclose(np.sum(solver.B), 1, rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(np.sum(solver.A, axis=1), solver.C, rtol=1e-14) + + +def test_coefficient_properties_dop853(): + assert_allclose(np.sum(dop853_coefficients.B), 1, rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(np.sum(dop853_coefficients.A, axis=1), + dop853_coefficients.C, + rtol=1e-14) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_class", [RK23, RK45, DOP853]) +def test_error_estimation(solver_class): + step = 0.2 + solver = solver_class(lambda t, y: y, 0, [1], 1, first_step=step) + solver.step() + error_estimate = solver._estimate_error(solver.K, step) + error = solver.y - np.exp([step]) + assert_(np.abs(error) < np.abs(error_estimate)) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("solver_class", [RK23, RK45, DOP853]) +def test_error_estimation_complex(solver_class): + h = 0.2 + solver = solver_class(lambda t, y: 1j * y, 0, [1j], 1, first_step=h) + solver.step() + err_norm = solver._estimate_error_norm(solver.K, h, scale=[1]) + assert np.isrealobj(err_norm) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_lebedev.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_lebedev.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6e45d40e7950780c724523809a7c18fc957fa576 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_lebedev.py @@ -0,0 +1,5453 @@ +# getLebedevSphere +# Copyright (c) 2010, Robert Parrish +# All rights reserved. +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are +# met: +# +# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in +# the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" +# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE +# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR +# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF +# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN +# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) +# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE +# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +# +# Brainlessly translated to Python + +import numpy as np +from numpy import pi, zeros, sqrt + +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +__all__ = ['lebedev_rule'] + + +def get_lebedev_sphere(degree): + # getLebedevSphere + # @author Rob Parrish, The Sherrill Group, CCMST Georgia Tech + # @email robparrish@gmail.com + # @date 03/24/2010 + # + # @description - function to compute normalized points and weights + # for Lebedev quadratures on the surface of the unit sphere at double precision. + # **********Relative error is generally expected to be ~2.0E-14 [1]******** + # Lebedev quadratures are superbly accurate and efficient quadrature rules for + # approximating integrals of the form $v = \iint_{4\pi} f(\Omega) \ \ud + # \Omega$, where $\Omega is the solid angle on the surface of the unit + # sphere. Lebedev quadratures integrate all spherical harmonics up to $l = + # order$, where $degree \approx order(order+1)/3$. These grids may be easily + # combined with radial quadratures to provide robust cubature formulae. For + # example, see 'A. Becke, 1988c, J. Chem. Phys., 88(4), pp. 2547' (The first + # paper on tractable molecular Density Functional Theory methods, of which + # Lebedev grids and numerical cubature are an intrinsic part). + # + # @param degree - positive integer specifying number of points in the + # requested quadrature. Allowed values are (degree -> order): + # degree: { 6, 14, 26, 38, 50, 74, 86, 110, 146, 170, 194, 230, 266, 302, + # 350, 434, 590, 770, 974, 1202, 1454, 1730, 2030, 2354, 2702, 3074, + # 3470, 3890, 4334, 4802, 5294, 5810 } + # order: {3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25,27,29,31,35,41,47,53,59,65,71,77, + # 83,89,95,101,107,113,119,125,131} + # + # + # @return leb_tmp - struct containing fields: + # x - x values of quadrature, constrained to unit sphere + # y - y values of quadrature, constrained to unit sphere + # z - z values of quadrature, constrained to unit sphere + # w - quadrature weights, normalized to $4\pi$. + # + # @example: $\int_S x^2+y^2-z^2 \ud \Omega = 4.188790204786399$ + # f = @(x,y,z) x.^2+y.^2-z.^2 + # leb = getLebedevSphere(590) + # v = f(leb.x,leb.y,leb.z) + # int = sum(v.*leb.w) + # + # @citation - Translated from a Fortran code kindly provided by Christoph van + # Wuellen (Ruhr-Universitaet, Bochum, Germany), which in turn came from the + # original C routines coded by Dmitri Laikov (Moscow State University, + # Moscow, Russia). The MATLAB implementation of this code is designed for + # benchmarking of new DFT integration techniques to be implemented in the + # open source Psi4 ab initio quantum chemistry program. + # + # As per Professor Wuellen's request, any papers published using this code + # or its derivatives are requested to include the following citation: + # + # [1] V.I. Lebedev, and D.N. Laikov + # "A quadrature formula for the sphere of the 131st + # algebraic order of accuracy" + # Doklady Mathematics, Vol. 59, No. 3, 1999, pp. 477-481. + + class Leb: + x, y, z, w = None, None, None, None + + leb_tmp = Leb() + + leb_tmp.x = zeros(degree) + leb_tmp.y = zeros(degree) + leb_tmp.z = zeros(degree) + leb_tmp.w = zeros(degree) + + start = 0 + a = 0.0 + b = 0.0 + + match degree: + + case 6: + + v = 0.1666666666666667E+0 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 14: + + v = 0.6666666666666667E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.7500000000000000E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 26: + + v = 0.4761904761904762E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3809523809523810E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3214285714285714E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 38: + + v = 0.9523809523809524E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3214285714285714E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4597008433809831E+0 + v = 0.2857142857142857E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 50: + + v = 0.1269841269841270E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2257495590828924E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2109375000000000E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3015113445777636E+0 + v = 0.2017333553791887E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 74: + + v = 0.5130671797338464E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1660406956574204E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = -0.2958603896103896E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4803844614152614E+0 + v = 0.2657620708215946E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3207726489807764E+0 + v = 0.1652217099371571E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 86: + + v = 0.1154401154401154E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1194390908585628E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3696028464541502E+0 + v = 0.1111055571060340E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6943540066026664E+0 + v = 0.1187650129453714E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3742430390903412E+0 + v = 0.1181230374690448E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 110: + + v = 0.3828270494937162E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.9793737512487512E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1851156353447362E+0 + v = 0.8211737283191111E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6904210483822922E+0 + v = 0.9942814891178103E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3956894730559419E+0 + v = 0.9595471336070963E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4783690288121502E+0 + v = 0.9694996361663028E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 146: + + v = 0.5996313688621381E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.7372999718620756E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.7210515360144488E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6764410400114264E+0 + v = 0.7116355493117555E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4174961227965453E+0 + v = 0.6753829486314477E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1574676672039082E+0 + v = 0.7574394159054034E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1403553811713183E+0 + b = 0.4493328323269557E+0 + v = 0.6991087353303262E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 170: + + v = 0.5544842902037365E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.6071332770670752E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.6383674773515093E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2551252621114134E+0 + v = 0.5183387587747790E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6743601460362766E+0 + v = 0.6317929009813725E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4318910696719410E+0 + v = 0.6201670006589077E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2613931360335988E+0 + v = 0.5477143385137348E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4990453161796037E+0 + b = 0.1446630744325115E+0 + v = 0.5968383987681156E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 194: + + v = 0.1782340447244611E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.5716905949977102E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.5573383178848738E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6712973442695226E+0 + v = 0.5608704082587997E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2892465627575439E+0 + v = 0.5158237711805383E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4446933178717437E+0 + v = 0.5518771467273614E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1299335447650067E+0 + v = 0.4106777028169394E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3457702197611283E+0 + v = 0.5051846064614808E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1590417105383530E+0 + b = 0.8360360154824589E+0 + v = 0.5530248916233094E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 230: + + v = -0.5522639919727325E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.4450274607445226E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4492044687397611E+0 + v = 0.4496841067921404E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2520419490210201E+0 + v = 0.5049153450478750E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6981906658447242E+0 + v = 0.3976408018051883E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6587405243460960E+0 + v = 0.4401400650381014E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4038544050097660E-1 + v = 0.1724544350544401E-1 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5823842309715585E+0 + v = 0.4231083095357343E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3545877390518688E+0 + v = 0.5198069864064399E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2272181808998187E+0 + b = 0.4864661535886647E+0 + v = 0.4695720972568883E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 266: + + v = -0.1313769127326952E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = -0.2522728704859336E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.4186853881700583E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7039373391585475E+0 + v = 0.5315167977810885E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1012526248572414E+0 + v = 0.4047142377086219E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4647448726420539E+0 + v = 0.4112482394406990E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3277420654971629E+0 + v = 0.3595584899758782E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6620338663699974E+0 + v = 0.4256131351428158E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8506508083520399E+0 + v = 0.4229582700647240E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3233484542692899E+0 + b = 0.1153112011009701E+0 + v = 0.4080914225780505E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2314790158712601E+0 + b = 0.5244939240922365E+0 + v = 0.4071467593830964E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 302: + + v = 0.8545911725128148E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3599119285025571E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3515640345570105E+0 + v = 0.3449788424305883E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6566329410219612E+0 + v = 0.3604822601419882E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4729054132581005E+0 + v = 0.3576729661743367E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9618308522614784E-1 + v = 0.2352101413689164E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2219645236294178E+0 + v = 0.3108953122413675E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7011766416089545E+0 + v = 0.3650045807677255E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2644152887060663E+0 + v = 0.2982344963171804E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5718955891878961E+0 + v = 0.3600820932216460E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2510034751770465E+0 + b = 0.8000727494073952E+0 + v = 0.3571540554273387E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1233548532583327E+0 + b = 0.4127724083168531E+0 + v = 0.3392312205006170E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 350: + + v = 0.3006796749453936E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3050627745650771E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7068965463912316E+0 + v = 0.1621104600288991E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4794682625712025E+0 + v = 0.3005701484901752E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1927533154878019E+0 + v = 0.2990992529653774E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6930357961327123E+0 + v = 0.2982170644107595E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3608302115520091E+0 + v = 0.2721564237310992E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6498486161496169E+0 + v = 0.3033513795811141E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1932945013230339E+0 + v = 0.3007949555218533E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3800494919899303E+0 + v = 0.2881964603055307E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2899558825499574E+0 + b = 0.7934537856582316E+0 + v = 0.2958357626535696E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9684121455103957E-1 + b = 0.8280801506686862E+0 + v = 0.3036020026407088E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1833434647041659E+0 + b = 0.9074658265305127E+0 + v = 0.2832187403926303E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 434: + + v = 0.5265897968224436E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2548219972002607E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2512317418927307E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6909346307509111E+0 + v = 0.2530403801186355E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1774836054609158E+0 + v = 0.2014279020918528E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4914342637784746E+0 + v = 0.2501725168402936E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6456664707424256E+0 + v = 0.2513267174597564E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2861289010307638E+0 + v = 0.2302694782227416E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7568084367178018E-1 + v = 0.1462495621594614E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3927259763368002E+0 + v = 0.2445373437312980E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8818132877794288E+0 + v = 0.2417442375638981E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9776428111182649E+0 + v = 0.1910951282179532E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2054823696403044E+0 + b = 0.8689460322872412E+0 + v = 0.2416930044324775E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5905157048925271E+0 + b = 0.7999278543857286E+0 + v = 0.2512236854563495E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5550152361076807E+0 + b = 0.7717462626915901E+0 + v = 0.2496644054553086E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9371809858553722E+0 + b = 0.3344363145343455E+0 + v = 0.2236607760437849E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 590: + + v = 0.3095121295306187E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1852379698597489E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7040954938227469E+0 + v = 0.1871790639277744E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6807744066455243E+0 + v = 0.1858812585438317E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6372546939258752E+0 + v = 0.1852028828296213E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5044419707800358E+0 + v = 0.1846715956151242E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4215761784010967E+0 + v = 0.1818471778162769E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3317920736472123E+0 + v = 0.1749564657281154E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2384736701421887E+0 + v = 0.1617210647254411E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1459036449157763E+0 + v = 0.1384737234851692E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6095034115507196E-1 + v = 0.9764331165051050E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6116843442009876E+0 + v = 0.1857161196774078E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3964755348199858E+0 + v = 0.1705153996395864E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1724782009907724E+0 + v = 0.1300321685886048E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5610263808622060E+0 + b = 0.3518280927733519E+0 + v = 0.1842866472905286E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4742392842551980E+0 + b = 0.2634716655937950E+0 + v = 0.1802658934377451E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5984126497885380E+0 + b = 0.1816640840360209E+0 + v = 0.1849830560443660E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3791035407695563E+0 + b = 0.1720795225656878E+0 + v = 0.1713904507106709E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2778673190586244E+0 + b = 0.8213021581932511E-1 + v = 0.1555213603396808E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5033564271075117E+0 + b = 0.8999205842074875E-1 + v = 0.1802239128008525E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 770: + + v = 0.2192942088181184E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1436433617319080E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1421940344335877E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5087204410502360E-1 + v = 0.6798123511050502E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1228198790178831E+0 + v = 0.9913184235294912E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2026890814408786E+0 + v = 0.1180207833238949E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2847745156464294E+0 + v = 0.1296599602080921E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3656719078978026E+0 + v = 0.1365871427428316E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4428264886713469E+0 + v = 0.1402988604775325E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5140619627249735E+0 + v = 0.1418645563595609E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6306401219166803E+0 + v = 0.1421376741851662E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6716883332022612E+0 + v = 0.1423996475490962E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6979792685336881E+0 + v = 0.1431554042178567E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1446865674195309E+0 + v = 0.9254401499865368E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3390263475411216E+0 + v = 0.1250239995053509E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5335804651263506E+0 + v = 0.1394365843329230E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6944024393349413E-1 + b = 0.2355187894242326E+0 + v = 0.1127089094671749E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2269004109529460E+0 + b = 0.4102182474045730E+0 + v = 0.1345753760910670E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8025574607775339E-1 + b = 0.6214302417481605E+0 + v = 0.1424957283316783E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1467999527896572E+0 + b = 0.3245284345717394E+0 + v = 0.1261523341237750E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1571507769824727E+0 + b = 0.5224482189696630E+0 + v = 0.1392547106052696E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2365702993157246E+0 + b = 0.6017546634089558E+0 + v = 0.1418761677877656E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7714815866765732E-1 + b = 0.4346575516141163E+0 + v = 0.1338366684479554E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3062936666210730E+0 + b = 0.4908826589037616E+0 + v = 0.1393700862676131E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3822477379524787E+0 + b = 0.5648768149099500E+0 + v = 0.1415914757466932E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 974: + + v = 0.1438294190527431E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1125772288287004E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4292963545341347E-1 + v = 0.4948029341949241E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1051426854086404E+0 + v = 0.7357990109125470E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1750024867623087E+0 + v = 0.8889132771304384E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2477653379650257E+0 + v = 0.9888347838921435E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3206567123955957E+0 + v = 0.1053299681709471E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3916520749849983E+0 + v = 0.1092778807014578E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4590825874187624E+0 + v = 0.1114389394063227E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5214563888415861E+0 + v = 0.1123724788051555E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6253170244654199E+0 + v = 0.1125239325243814E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6637926744523170E+0 + v = 0.1126153271815905E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6910410398498301E+0 + v = 0.1130286931123841E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7052907007457760E+0 + v = 0.1134986534363955E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1236686762657990E+0 + v = 0.6823367927109931E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2940777114468387E+0 + v = 0.9454158160447096E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4697753849207649E+0 + v = 0.1074429975385679E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6334563241139567E+0 + v = 0.1129300086569132E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5974048614181342E-1 + b = 0.2029128752777523E+0 + v = 0.8436884500901954E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1375760408473636E+0 + b = 0.4602621942484054E+0 + v = 0.1075255720448885E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3391016526336286E+0 + b = 0.5030673999662036E+0 + v = 0.1108577236864462E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1271675191439820E+0 + b = 0.2817606422442134E+0 + v = 0.9566475323783357E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2693120740413512E+0 + b = 0.4331561291720157E+0 + v = 0.1080663250717391E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1419786452601918E+0 + b = 0.6256167358580814E+0 + v = 0.1126797131196295E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6709284600738255E-1 + b = 0.3798395216859157E+0 + v = 0.1022568715358061E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7057738183256172E-1 + b = 0.5517505421423520E+0 + v = 0.1108960267713108E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2783888477882155E+0 + b = 0.6029619156159187E+0 + v = 0.1122790653435766E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1979578938917407E+0 + b = 0.3589606329589096E+0 + v = 0.1032401847117460E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2087307061103274E+0 + b = 0.5348666438135476E+0 + v = 0.1107249382283854E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4055122137872836E+0 + b = 0.5674997546074373E+0 + v = 0.1121780048519972E-2 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 1202: + + v = 0.1105189233267572E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.9205232738090741E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.9133159786443561E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3712636449657089E-1 + v = 0.3690421898017899E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9140060412262223E-1 + v = 0.5603990928680660E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1531077852469906E+0 + v = 0.6865297629282609E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2180928891660612E+0 + v = 0.7720338551145630E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2839874532200175E+0 + v = 0.8301545958894795E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3491177600963764E+0 + v = 0.8686692550179628E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4121431461444309E+0 + v = 0.8927076285846890E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4718993627149127E+0 + v = 0.9060820238568219E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5273145452842337E+0 + v = 0.9119777254940867E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6209475332444019E+0 + v = 0.9128720138604181E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6569722711857291E+0 + v = 0.9130714935691735E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6841788309070143E+0 + v = 0.9152873784554116E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7012604330123631E+0 + v = 0.9187436274321654E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1072382215478166E+0 + v = 0.5176977312965694E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2582068959496968E+0 + v = 0.7331143682101417E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4172752955306717E+0 + v = 0.8463232836379928E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5700366911792503E+0 + v = 0.9031122694253992E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9827986018263947E+0 + b = 0.1771774022615325E+0 + v = 0.6485778453163257E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9624249230326228E+0 + b = 0.2475716463426288E+0 + v = 0.7435030910982369E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9402007994128811E+0 + b = 0.3354616289066489E+0 + v = 0.7998527891839054E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9320822040143202E+0 + b = 0.3173615246611977E+0 + v = 0.8101731497468018E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9043674199393299E+0 + b = 0.4090268427085357E+0 + v = 0.8483389574594331E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8912407560074747E+0 + b = 0.3854291150669224E+0 + v = 0.8556299257311812E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8676435628462708E+0 + b = 0.4932221184851285E+0 + v = 0.8803208679738260E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8581979986041619E+0 + b = 0.4785320675922435E+0 + v = 0.8811048182425720E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8396753624049856E+0 + b = 0.4507422593157064E+0 + v = 0.8850282341265444E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8165288564022188E+0 + b = 0.5632123020762100E+0 + v = 0.9021342299040653E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8015469370783529E+0 + b = 0.5434303569693900E+0 + v = 0.9010091677105086E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7773563069070351E+0 + b = 0.5123518486419871E+0 + v = 0.9022692938426915E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7661621213900394E+0 + b = 0.6394279634749102E+0 + v = 0.9158016174693465E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7553584143533510E+0 + b = 0.6269805509024392E+0 + v = 0.9131578003189435E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7344305757559503E+0 + b = 0.6031161693096310E+0 + v = 0.9107813579482705E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7043837184021765E+0 + b = 0.5693702498468441E+0 + v = 0.9105760258970126E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 1454: + + v = 0.7777160743261247E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.7557646413004701E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3229290663413854E-1 + v = 0.2841633806090617E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8036733271462222E-1 + v = 0.4374419127053555E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1354289960531653E+0 + v = 0.5417174740872172E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1938963861114426E+0 + v = 0.6148000891358593E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2537343715011275E+0 + v = 0.6664394485800705E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3135251434752570E+0 + v = 0.7025039356923220E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3721558339375338E+0 + v = 0.7268511789249627E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4286809575195696E+0 + v = 0.7422637534208629E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4822510128282994E+0 + v = 0.7509545035841214E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5320679333566263E+0 + v = 0.7548535057718401E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6172998195394274E+0 + v = 0.7554088969774001E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6510679849127481E+0 + v = 0.7553147174442808E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6777315251687360E+0 + v = 0.7564767653292297E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6963109410648741E+0 + v = 0.7587991808518730E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7058935009831749E+0 + v = 0.7608261832033027E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9955546194091857E+0 + v = 0.4021680447874916E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9734115901794209E+0 + v = 0.5804871793945964E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9275693732388626E+0 + v = 0.6792151955945159E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8568022422795103E+0 + v = 0.7336741211286294E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7623495553719372E+0 + v = 0.7581866300989608E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5707522908892223E+0 + b = 0.4387028039889501E+0 + v = 0.7538257859800743E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5196463388403083E+0 + b = 0.3858908414762617E+0 + v = 0.7483517247053123E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4646337531215351E+0 + b = 0.3301937372343854E+0 + v = 0.7371763661112059E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4063901697557691E+0 + b = 0.2725423573563777E+0 + v = 0.7183448895756934E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3456329466643087E+0 + b = 0.2139510237495250E+0 + v = 0.6895815529822191E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2831395121050332E+0 + b = 0.1555922309786647E+0 + v = 0.6480105801792886E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2197682022925330E+0 + b = 0.9892878979686097E-1 + v = 0.5897558896594636E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1564696098650355E+0 + b = 0.4598642910675510E-1 + v = 0.5095708849247346E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6027356673721295E+0 + b = 0.3376625140173426E+0 + v = 0.7536906428909755E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5496032320255096E+0 + b = 0.2822301309727988E+0 + v = 0.7472505965575118E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4921707755234567E+0 + b = 0.2248632342592540E+0 + v = 0.7343017132279698E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4309422998598483E+0 + b = 0.1666224723456479E+0 + v = 0.7130871582177445E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3664108182313672E+0 + b = 0.1086964901822169E+0 + v = 0.6817022032112776E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2990189057758436E+0 + b = 0.5251989784120085E-1 + v = 0.6380941145604121E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6268724013144998E+0 + b = 0.2297523657550023E+0 + v = 0.7550381377920310E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5707324144834607E+0 + b = 0.1723080607093800E+0 + v = 0.7478646640144802E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5096360901960365E+0 + b = 0.1140238465390513E+0 + v = 0.7335918720601220E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4438729938312456E+0 + b = 0.5611522095882537E-1 + v = 0.7110120527658118E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6419978471082389E+0 + b = 0.1164174423140873E+0 + v = 0.7571363978689501E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5817218061802611E+0 + b = 0.5797589531445219E-1 + v = 0.7489908329079234E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 1730: + + v = 0.6309049437420976E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.6398287705571748E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.6357185073530720E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2860923126194662E-1 + v = 0.2221207162188168E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7142556767711522E-1 + v = 0.3475784022286848E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1209199540995559E+0 + v = 0.4350742443589804E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1738673106594379E+0 + v = 0.4978569136522127E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2284645438467734E+0 + v = 0.5435036221998053E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2834807671701512E+0 + v = 0.5765913388219542E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3379680145467339E+0 + v = 0.6001200359226003E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3911355454819537E+0 + v = 0.6162178172717512E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4422860353001403E+0 + v = 0.6265218152438485E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4907781568726057E+0 + v = 0.6323987160974212E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5360006153211468E+0 + v = 0.6350767851540569E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6142105973596603E+0 + v = 0.6354362775297107E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6459300387977504E+0 + v = 0.6352302462706235E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6718056125089225E+0 + v = 0.6358117881417972E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6910888533186254E+0 + v = 0.6373101590310117E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7030467416823252E+0 + v = 0.6390428961368665E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8354951166354646E-1 + v = 0.3186913449946576E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2050143009099486E+0 + v = 0.4678028558591711E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3370208290706637E+0 + v = 0.5538829697598626E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4689051484233963E+0 + v = 0.6044475907190476E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5939400424557334E+0 + v = 0.6313575103509012E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1394983311832261E+0 + b = 0.4097581162050343E-1 + v = 0.4078626431855630E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1967999180485014E+0 + b = 0.8851987391293348E-1 + v = 0.4759933057812725E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2546183732548967E+0 + b = 0.1397680182969819E+0 + v = 0.5268151186413440E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3121281074713875E+0 + b = 0.1929452542226526E+0 + v = 0.5643048560507316E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3685981078502492E+0 + b = 0.2467898337061562E+0 + v = 0.5914501076613073E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4233760321547856E+0 + b = 0.3003104124785409E+0 + v = 0.6104561257874195E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4758671236059246E+0 + b = 0.3526684328175033E+0 + v = 0.6230252860707806E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5255178579796463E+0 + b = 0.4031134861145713E+0 + v = 0.6305618761760796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5718025633734589E+0 + b = 0.4509426448342351E+0 + v = 0.6343092767597889E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2686927772723415E+0 + b = 0.4711322502423248E-1 + v = 0.5176268945737826E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3306006819904809E+0 + b = 0.9784487303942695E-1 + v = 0.5564840313313692E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3904906850594983E+0 + b = 0.1505395810025273E+0 + v = 0.5856426671038980E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4479957951904390E+0 + b = 0.2039728156296050E+0 + v = 0.6066386925777091E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5027076848919780E+0 + b = 0.2571529941121107E+0 + v = 0.6208824962234458E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5542087392260217E+0 + b = 0.3092191375815670E+0 + v = 0.6296314297822907E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6020850887375187E+0 + b = 0.3593807506130276E+0 + v = 0.6340423756791859E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4019851409179594E+0 + b = 0.5063389934378671E-1 + v = 0.5829627677107342E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4635614567449800E+0 + b = 0.1032422269160612E+0 + v = 0.6048693376081110E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5215860931591575E+0 + b = 0.1566322094006254E+0 + v = 0.6202362317732461E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5758202499099271E+0 + b = 0.2098082827491099E+0 + v = 0.6299005328403779E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6259893683876795E+0 + b = 0.2618824114553391E+0 + v = 0.6347722390609353E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5313795124811891E+0 + b = 0.5263245019338556E-1 + v = 0.6203778981238834E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5893317955931995E+0 + b = 0.1061059730982005E+0 + v = 0.6308414671239979E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6426246321215801E+0 + b = 0.1594171564034221E+0 + v = 0.6362706466959498E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6511904367376113E+0 + b = 0.5354789536565540E-1 + v = 0.6375414170333233E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 2030: + + v = 0.4656031899197431E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.5421549195295507E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2540835336814348E-1 + v = 0.1778522133346553E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6399322800504915E-1 + v = 0.2811325405682796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1088269469804125E+0 + v = 0.3548896312631459E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1570670798818287E+0 + v = 0.4090310897173364E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2071163932282514E+0 + v = 0.4493286134169965E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2578914044450844E+0 + v = 0.4793728447962723E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3085687558169623E+0 + v = 0.5015415319164265E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3584719706267024E+0 + v = 0.5175127372677937E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4070135594428709E+0 + v = 0.5285522262081019E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4536618626222638E+0 + v = 0.5356832703713962E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4979195686463577E+0 + v = 0.5397914736175170E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5393075111126999E+0 + v = 0.5416899441599930E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6115617676843916E+0 + v = 0.5419308476889938E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6414308435160159E+0 + v = 0.5416936902030596E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6664099412721607E+0 + v = 0.5419544338703164E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6859161771214913E+0 + v = 0.5428983656630975E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6993625593503890E+0 + v = 0.5442286500098193E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7062393387719380E+0 + v = 0.5452250345057301E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7479028168349763E-1 + v = 0.2568002497728530E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1848951153969366E+0 + v = 0.3827211700292145E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3059529066581305E+0 + v = 0.4579491561917824E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4285556101021362E+0 + v = 0.5042003969083574E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5468758653496526E+0 + v = 0.5312708889976025E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6565821978343439E+0 + v = 0.5438401790747117E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1253901572367117E+0 + b = 0.3681917226439641E-1 + v = 0.3316041873197344E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1775721510383941E+0 + b = 0.7982487607213301E-1 + v = 0.3899113567153771E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2305693358216114E+0 + b = 0.1264640966592335E+0 + v = 0.4343343327201309E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2836502845992063E+0 + b = 0.1751585683418957E+0 + v = 0.4679415262318919E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3361794746232590E+0 + b = 0.2247995907632670E+0 + v = 0.4930847981631031E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3875979172264824E+0 + b = 0.2745299257422246E+0 + v = 0.5115031867540091E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4374019316999074E+0 + b = 0.3236373482441118E+0 + v = 0.5245217148457367E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4851275843340022E+0 + b = 0.3714967859436741E+0 + v = 0.5332041499895321E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5303391803806868E+0 + b = 0.4175353646321745E+0 + v = 0.5384583126021542E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5726197380596287E+0 + b = 0.4612084406355461E+0 + v = 0.5411067210798852E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2431520732564863E+0 + b = 0.4258040133043952E-1 + v = 0.4259797391468714E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3002096800895869E+0 + b = 0.8869424306722721E-1 + v = 0.4604931368460021E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3558554457457432E+0 + b = 0.1368811706510655E+0 + v = 0.4871814878255202E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4097782537048887E+0 + b = 0.1860739985015033E+0 + v = 0.5072242910074885E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4616337666067458E+0 + b = 0.2354235077395853E+0 + v = 0.5217069845235350E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5110707008417874E+0 + b = 0.2842074921347011E+0 + v = 0.5315785966280310E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5577415286163795E+0 + b = 0.3317784414984102E+0 + v = 0.5376833708758905E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6013060431366950E+0 + b = 0.3775299002040700E+0 + v = 0.5408032092069521E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3661596767261781E+0 + b = 0.4599367887164592E-1 + v = 0.4842744917904866E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4237633153506581E+0 + b = 0.9404893773654421E-1 + v = 0.5048926076188130E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4786328454658452E+0 + b = 0.1431377109091971E+0 + v = 0.5202607980478373E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5305702076789774E+0 + b = 0.1924186388843570E+0 + v = 0.5309932388325743E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5793436224231788E+0 + b = 0.2411590944775190E+0 + v = 0.5377419770895208E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6247069017094747E+0 + b = 0.2886871491583605E+0 + v = 0.5411696331677717E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4874315552535204E+0 + b = 0.4804978774953206E-1 + v = 0.5197996293282420E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5427337322059053E+0 + b = 0.9716857199366665E-1 + v = 0.5311120836622945E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5943493747246700E+0 + b = 0.1465205839795055E+0 + v = 0.5384309319956951E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6421314033564943E+0 + b = 0.1953579449803574E+0 + v = 0.5421859504051886E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6020628374713980E+0 + b = 0.4916375015738108E-1 + v = 0.5390948355046314E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6529222529856881E+0 + b = 0.9861621540127005E-1 + v = 0.5433312705027845E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 2354: + + v = 0.3922616270665292E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.4703831750854424E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.4678202801282136E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2290024646530589E-1 + v = 0.1437832228979900E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5779086652271284E-1 + v = 0.2303572493577644E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9863103576375984E-1 + v = 0.2933110752447454E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1428155792982185E+0 + v = 0.3402905998359838E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1888978116601463E+0 + v = 0.3759138466870372E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2359091682970210E+0 + v = 0.4030638447899798E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2831228833706171E+0 + v = 0.4236591432242211E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3299495857966693E+0 + v = 0.4390522656946746E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3758840802660796E+0 + v = 0.4502523466626247E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4204751831009480E+0 + v = 0.4580577727783541E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4633068518751051E+0 + v = 0.4631391616615899E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5039849474507313E+0 + v = 0.4660928953698676E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5421265793440747E+0 + v = 0.4674751807936953E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6092660230557310E+0 + v = 0.4676414903932920E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6374654204984869E+0 + v = 0.4674086492347870E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6615136472609892E+0 + v = 0.4674928539483207E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6809487285958127E+0 + v = 0.4680748979686447E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6952980021665196E+0 + v = 0.4690449806389040E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7041245497695400E+0 + v = 0.4699877075860818E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6744033088306065E-1 + v = 0.2099942281069176E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1678684485334166E+0 + v = 0.3172269150712804E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2793559049539613E+0 + v = 0.3832051358546523E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3935264218057639E+0 + v = 0.4252193818146985E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5052629268232558E+0 + v = 0.4513807963755000E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6107905315437531E+0 + v = 0.4657797469114178E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1135081039843524E+0 + b = 0.3331954884662588E-1 + v = 0.2733362800522836E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1612866626099378E+0 + b = 0.7247167465436538E-1 + v = 0.3235485368463559E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2100786550168205E+0 + b = 0.1151539110849745E+0 + v = 0.3624908726013453E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2592282009459942E+0 + b = 0.1599491097143677E+0 + v = 0.3925540070712828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3081740561320203E+0 + b = 0.2058699956028027E+0 + v = 0.4156129781116235E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3564289781578164E+0 + b = 0.2521624953502911E+0 + v = 0.4330644984623263E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4035587288240703E+0 + b = 0.2982090785797674E+0 + v = 0.4459677725921312E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4491671196373903E+0 + b = 0.3434762087235733E+0 + v = 0.4551593004456795E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4928854782917489E+0 + b = 0.3874831357203437E+0 + v = 0.4613341462749918E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5343646791958988E+0 + b = 0.4297814821746926E+0 + v = 0.4651019618269806E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5732683216530990E+0 + b = 0.4699402260943537E+0 + v = 0.4670249536100625E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2214131583218986E+0 + b = 0.3873602040643895E-1 + v = 0.3549555576441708E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2741796504750071E+0 + b = 0.8089496256902013E-1 + v = 0.3856108245249010E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3259797439149485E+0 + b = 0.1251732177620872E+0 + v = 0.4098622845756882E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3765441148826891E+0 + b = 0.1706260286403185E+0 + v = 0.4286328604268950E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4255773574530558E+0 + b = 0.2165115147300408E+0 + v = 0.4427802198993945E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4727795117058430E+0 + b = 0.2622089812225259E+0 + v = 0.4530473511488561E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5178546895819012E+0 + b = 0.3071721431296201E+0 + v = 0.4600805475703138E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5605141192097460E+0 + b = 0.3508998998801138E+0 + v = 0.4644599059958017E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6004763319352512E+0 + b = 0.3929160876166931E+0 + v = 0.4667274455712508E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3352842634946949E+0 + b = 0.4202563457288019E-1 + v = 0.4069360518020356E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3891971629814670E+0 + b = 0.8614309758870850E-1 + v = 0.4260442819919195E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4409875565542281E+0 + b = 0.1314500879380001E+0 + v = 0.4408678508029063E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4904893058592484E+0 + b = 0.1772189657383859E+0 + v = 0.4518748115548597E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5375056138769549E+0 + b = 0.2228277110050294E+0 + v = 0.4595564875375116E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5818255708669969E+0 + b = 0.2677179935014386E+0 + v = 0.4643988774315846E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6232334858144959E+0 + b = 0.3113675035544165E+0 + v = 0.4668827491646946E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4489485354492058E+0 + b = 0.4409162378368174E-1 + v = 0.4400541823741973E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5015136875933150E+0 + b = 0.8939009917748489E-1 + v = 0.4514512890193797E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5511300550512623E+0 + b = 0.1351806029383365E+0 + v = 0.4596198627347549E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5976720409858000E+0 + b = 0.1808370355053196E+0 + v = 0.4648659016801781E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6409956378989354E+0 + b = 0.2257852192301602E+0 + v = 0.4675502017157673E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5581222330827514E+0 + b = 0.4532173421637160E-1 + v = 0.4598494476455523E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6074705984161695E+0 + b = 0.9117488031840314E-1 + v = 0.4654916955152048E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6532272537379033E+0 + b = 0.1369294213140155E+0 + v = 0.4684709779505137E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6594761494500487E+0 + b = 0.4589901487275583E-1 + v = 0.4691445539106986E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 2702: + + v = 0.2998675149888161E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.4077860529495355E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2065562538818703E-1 + v = 0.1185349192520667E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5250918173022379E-1 + v = 0.1913408643425751E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8993480082038376E-1 + v = 0.2452886577209897E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1306023924436019E+0 + v = 0.2862408183288702E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1732060388531418E+0 + v = 0.3178032258257357E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2168727084820249E+0 + v = 0.3422945667633690E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2609528309173586E+0 + v = 0.3612790520235922E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3049252927938952E+0 + v = 0.3758638229818521E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3483484138084404E+0 + v = 0.3868711798859953E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3908321549106406E+0 + v = 0.3949429933189938E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4320210071894814E+0 + v = 0.4006068107541156E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4715824795890053E+0 + v = 0.4043192149672723E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5091984794078453E+0 + v = 0.4064947495808078E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5445580145650803E+0 + v = 0.4075245619813152E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6072575796841768E+0 + v = 0.4076423540893566E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6339484505755803E+0 + v = 0.4074280862251555E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6570718257486958E+0 + v = 0.4074163756012244E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6762557330090709E+0 + v = 0.4077647795071246E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6911161696923790E+0 + v = 0.4084517552782530E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7012841911659961E+0 + v = 0.4092468459224052E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7064559272410020E+0 + v = 0.4097872687240906E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6123554989894765E-1 + v = 0.1738986811745028E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1533070348312393E+0 + v = 0.2659616045280191E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2563902605244206E+0 + v = 0.3240596008171533E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3629346991663361E+0 + v = 0.3621195964432943E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4683949968987538E+0 + v = 0.3868838330760539E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5694479240657952E+0 + v = 0.4018911532693111E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6634465430993955E+0 + v = 0.4089929432983252E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1033958573552305E+0 + b = 0.3034544009063584E-1 + v = 0.2279907527706409E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1473521412414395E+0 + b = 0.6618803044247135E-1 + v = 0.2715205490578897E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1924552158705967E+0 + b = 0.1054431128987715E+0 + v = 0.3057917896703976E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2381094362890328E+0 + b = 0.1468263551238858E+0 + v = 0.3326913052452555E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2838121707936760E+0 + b = 0.1894486108187886E+0 + v = 0.3537334711890037E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3291323133373415E+0 + b = 0.2326374238761579E+0 + v = 0.3700567500783129E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3736896978741460E+0 + b = 0.2758485808485768E+0 + v = 0.3825245372589122E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4171406040760013E+0 + b = 0.3186179331996921E+0 + v = 0.3918125171518296E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4591677985256915E+0 + b = 0.3605329796303794E+0 + v = 0.3984720419937579E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4994733831718418E+0 + b = 0.4012147253586509E+0 + v = 0.4029746003338211E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5377731830445096E+0 + b = 0.4403050025570692E+0 + v = 0.4057428632156627E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5737917830001331E+0 + b = 0.4774565904277483E+0 + v = 0.4071719274114857E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2027323586271389E+0 + b = 0.3544122504976147E-1 + v = 0.2990236950664119E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2516942375187273E+0 + b = 0.7418304388646328E-1 + v = 0.3262951734212878E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3000227995257181E+0 + b = 0.1150502745727186E+0 + v = 0.3482634608242413E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3474806691046342E+0 + b = 0.1571963371209364E+0 + v = 0.3656596681700892E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3938103180359209E+0 + b = 0.1999631877247100E+0 + v = 0.3791740467794218E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4387519590455703E+0 + b = 0.2428073457846535E+0 + v = 0.3894034450156905E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4820503960077787E+0 + b = 0.2852575132906155E+0 + v = 0.3968600245508371E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5234573778475101E+0 + b = 0.3268884208674639E+0 + v = 0.4019931351420050E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5627318647235282E+0 + b = 0.3673033321675939E+0 + v = 0.4052108801278599E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5996390607156954E+0 + b = 0.4061211551830290E+0 + v = 0.4068978613940934E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3084780753791947E+0 + b = 0.3860125523100059E-1 + v = 0.3454275351319704E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3589988275920223E+0 + b = 0.7928938987104867E-1 + v = 0.3629963537007920E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4078628415881973E+0 + b = 0.1212614643030087E+0 + v = 0.3770187233889873E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4549287258889735E+0 + b = 0.1638770827382693E+0 + v = 0.3878608613694378E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5000278512957279E+0 + b = 0.2065965798260176E+0 + v = 0.3959065270221274E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5429785044928199E+0 + b = 0.2489436378852235E+0 + v = 0.4015286975463570E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5835939850491711E+0 + b = 0.2904811368946891E+0 + v = 0.4050866785614717E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6216870353444856E+0 + b = 0.3307941957666609E+0 + v = 0.4069320185051913E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4151104662709091E+0 + b = 0.4064829146052554E-1 + v = 0.3760120964062763E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4649804275009218E+0 + b = 0.8258424547294755E-1 + v = 0.3870969564418064E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5124695757009662E+0 + b = 0.1251841962027289E+0 + v = 0.3955287790534055E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5574711100606224E+0 + b = 0.1679107505976331E+0 + v = 0.4015361911302668E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5998597333287227E+0 + b = 0.2102805057358715E+0 + v = 0.4053836986719548E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6395007148516600E+0 + b = 0.2518418087774107E+0 + v = 0.4073578673299117E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5188456224746252E+0 + b = 0.4194321676077518E-1 + v = 0.3954628379231406E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5664190707942778E+0 + b = 0.8457661551921499E-1 + v = 0.4017645508847530E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6110464353283153E+0 + b = 0.1273652932519396E+0 + v = 0.4059030348651293E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6526430302051563E+0 + b = 0.1698173239076354E+0 + v = 0.4080565809484880E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6167551880377548E+0 + b = 0.4266398851548864E-1 + v = 0.4063018753664651E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6607195418355383E+0 + b = 0.8551925814238349E-1 + v = 0.4087191292799671E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 3074: + + v = 0.2599095953754734E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3603134089687541E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3586067974412447E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1886108518723392E-1 + v = 0.9831528474385880E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4800217244625303E-1 + v = 0.1605023107954450E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8244922058397242E-1 + v = 0.2072200131464099E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1200408362484023E+0 + v = 0.2431297618814187E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1595773530809965E+0 + v = 0.2711819064496707E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2002635973434064E+0 + v = 0.2932762038321116E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2415127590139982E+0 + v = 0.3107032514197368E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2828584158458477E+0 + v = 0.3243808058921213E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3239091015338138E+0 + v = 0.3349899091374030E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3643225097962194E+0 + v = 0.3430580688505218E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4037897083691802E+0 + v = 0.3490124109290343E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4420247515194127E+0 + v = 0.3532148948561955E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4787572538464938E+0 + v = 0.3559862669062833E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5137265251275234E+0 + v = 0.3576224317551411E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5466764056654611E+0 + v = 0.3584050533086076E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6054859420813535E+0 + v = 0.3584903581373224E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6308106701764562E+0 + v = 0.3582991879040586E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6530369230179584E+0 + v = 0.3582371187963125E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6718609524611158E+0 + v = 0.3584353631122350E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6869676499894013E+0 + v = 0.3589120166517785E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6980467077240748E+0 + v = 0.3595445704531601E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7048241721250522E+0 + v = 0.3600943557111074E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5591105222058232E-1 + v = 0.1456447096742039E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1407384078513916E+0 + v = 0.2252370188283782E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2364035438976309E+0 + v = 0.2766135443474897E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3360602737818170E+0 + v = 0.3110729491500851E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4356292630054665E+0 + v = 0.3342506712303391E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5321569415256174E+0 + v = 0.3491981834026860E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6232956305040554E+0 + v = 0.3576003604348932E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9469870086838469E-1 + b = 0.2778748387309470E-1 + v = 0.1921921305788564E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1353170300568141E+0 + b = 0.6076569878628364E-1 + v = 0.2301458216495632E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1771679481726077E+0 + b = 0.9703072762711040E-1 + v = 0.2604248549522893E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2197066664231751E+0 + b = 0.1354112458524762E+0 + v = 0.2845275425870697E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2624783557374927E+0 + b = 0.1750996479744100E+0 + v = 0.3036870897974840E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3050969521214442E+0 + b = 0.2154896907449802E+0 + v = 0.3188414832298066E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3472252637196021E+0 + b = 0.2560954625740152E+0 + v = 0.3307046414722089E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3885610219026360E+0 + b = 0.2965070050624096E+0 + v = 0.3398330969031360E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4288273776062765E+0 + b = 0.3363641488734497E+0 + v = 0.3466757899705373E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4677662471302948E+0 + b = 0.3753400029836788E+0 + v = 0.3516095923230054E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5051333589553359E+0 + b = 0.4131297522144286E+0 + v = 0.3549645184048486E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5406942145810492E+0 + b = 0.4494423776081795E+0 + v = 0.3570415969441392E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5742204122576457E+0 + b = 0.4839938958841502E+0 + v = 0.3581251798496118E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1865407027225188E+0 + b = 0.3259144851070796E-1 + v = 0.2543491329913348E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2321186453689432E+0 + b = 0.6835679505297343E-1 + v = 0.2786711051330776E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2773159142523882E+0 + b = 0.1062284864451989E+0 + v = 0.2985552361083679E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3219200192237254E+0 + b = 0.1454404409323047E+0 + v = 0.3145867929154039E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3657032593944029E+0 + b = 0.1854018282582510E+0 + v = 0.3273290662067609E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4084376778363622E+0 + b = 0.2256297412014750E+0 + v = 0.3372705511943501E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4499004945751427E+0 + b = 0.2657104425000896E+0 + v = 0.3448274437851510E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4898758141326335E+0 + b = 0.3052755487631557E+0 + v = 0.3503592783048583E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5281547442266309E+0 + b = 0.3439863920645423E+0 + v = 0.3541854792663162E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5645346989813992E+0 + b = 0.3815229456121914E+0 + v = 0.3565995517909428E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5988181252159848E+0 + b = 0.4175752420966734E+0 + v = 0.3578802078302898E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2850425424471603E+0 + b = 0.3562149509862536E-1 + v = 0.2958644592860982E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3324619433027876E+0 + b = 0.7330318886871096E-1 + v = 0.3119548129116835E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3785848333076282E+0 + b = 0.1123226296008472E+0 + v = 0.3250745225005984E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4232891028562115E+0 + b = 0.1521084193337708E+0 + v = 0.3355153415935208E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4664287050829722E+0 + b = 0.1921844459223610E+0 + v = 0.3435847568549328E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5078458493735726E+0 + b = 0.2321360989678303E+0 + v = 0.3495786831622488E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5473779816204180E+0 + b = 0.2715886486360520E+0 + v = 0.3537767805534621E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5848617133811376E+0 + b = 0.3101924707571355E+0 + v = 0.3564459815421428E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6201348281584888E+0 + b = 0.3476121052890973E+0 + v = 0.3578464061225468E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3852191185387871E+0 + b = 0.3763224880035108E-1 + v = 0.3239748762836212E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4325025061073423E+0 + b = 0.7659581935637135E-1 + v = 0.3345491784174287E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4778486229734490E+0 + b = 0.1163381306083900E+0 + v = 0.3429126177301782E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5211663693009000E+0 + b = 0.1563890598752899E+0 + v = 0.3492420343097421E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5623469504853703E+0 + b = 0.1963320810149200E+0 + v = 0.3537399050235257E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6012718188659246E+0 + b = 0.2357847407258738E+0 + v = 0.3566209152659172E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6378179206390117E+0 + b = 0.2743846121244060E+0 + v = 0.3581084321919782E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4836936460214534E+0 + b = 0.3895902610739024E-1 + v = 0.3426522117591512E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5293792562683797E+0 + b = 0.7871246819312640E-1 + v = 0.3491848770121379E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5726281253100033E+0 + b = 0.1187963808202981E+0 + v = 0.3539318235231476E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6133658776169068E+0 + b = 0.1587914708061787E+0 + v = 0.3570231438458694E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6515085491865307E+0 + b = 0.1983058575227646E+0 + v = 0.3586207335051714E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5778692716064976E+0 + b = 0.3977209689791542E-1 + v = 0.3541196205164025E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6207904288086192E+0 + b = 0.7990157592981152E-1 + v = 0.3574296911573953E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6608688171046802E+0 + b = 0.1199671308754309E+0 + v = 0.3591993279818963E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6656263089489130E+0 + b = 0.4015955957805969E-1 + v = 0.3595855034661997E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 3470: + + v = 0.2040382730826330E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.3178149703889544E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1721420832906233E-1 + v = 0.8288115128076110E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4408875374981770E-1 + v = 0.1360883192522954E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7594680813878681E-1 + v = 0.1766854454542662E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1108335359204799E+0 + v = 0.2083153161230153E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1476517054388567E+0 + v = 0.2333279544657158E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1856731870860615E+0 + v = 0.2532809539930247E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2243634099428821E+0 + v = 0.2692472184211158E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2633006881662727E+0 + v = 0.2819949946811885E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3021340904916283E+0 + v = 0.2920953593973030E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3405594048030089E+0 + v = 0.2999889782948352E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3783044434007372E+0 + v = 0.3060292120496902E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4151194767407910E+0 + v = 0.3105109167522192E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4507705766443257E+0 + v = 0.3136902387550312E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4850346056573187E+0 + v = 0.3157984652454632E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5176950817792470E+0 + v = 0.3170516518425422E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5485384240820989E+0 + v = 0.3176568425633755E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6039117238943308E+0 + v = 0.3177198411207062E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6279956655573113E+0 + v = 0.3175519492394733E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6493636169568952E+0 + v = 0.3174654952634756E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6677644117704504E+0 + v = 0.3175676415467654E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6829368572115624E+0 + v = 0.3178923417835410E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6946195818184121E+0 + v = 0.3183788287531909E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7025711542057026E+0 + v = 0.3188755151918807E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7066004767140119E+0 + v = 0.3191916889313849E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5132537689946062E-1 + v = 0.1231779611744508E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1297994661331225E+0 + v = 0.1924661373839880E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2188852049401307E+0 + v = 0.2380881867403424E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3123174824903457E+0 + v = 0.2693100663037885E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4064037620738195E+0 + v = 0.2908673382834366E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4984958396944782E+0 + v = 0.3053914619381535E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5864975046021365E+0 + v = 0.3143916684147777E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6686711634580175E+0 + v = 0.3187042244055363E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8715738780835950E-1 + b = 0.2557175233367578E-1 + v = 0.1635219535869790E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1248383123134007E+0 + b = 0.5604823383376681E-1 + v = 0.1968109917696070E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1638062693383378E+0 + b = 0.8968568601900765E-1 + v = 0.2236754342249974E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2035586203373176E+0 + b = 0.1254086651976279E+0 + v = 0.2453186687017181E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2436798975293774E+0 + b = 0.1624780150162012E+0 + v = 0.2627551791580541E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2838207507773806E+0 + b = 0.2003422342683208E+0 + v = 0.2767654860152220E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3236787502217692E+0 + b = 0.2385628026255263E+0 + v = 0.2879467027765895E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3629849554840691E+0 + b = 0.2767731148783578E+0 + v = 0.2967639918918702E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4014948081992087E+0 + b = 0.3146542308245309E+0 + v = 0.3035900684660351E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4389818379260225E+0 + b = 0.3519196415895088E+0 + v = 0.3087338237298308E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4752331143674377E+0 + b = 0.3883050984023654E+0 + v = 0.3124608838860167E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5100457318374018E+0 + b = 0.4235613423908649E+0 + v = 0.3150084294226743E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5432238388954868E+0 + b = 0.4574484717196220E+0 + v = 0.3165958398598402E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5745758685072442E+0 + b = 0.4897311639255524E+0 + v = 0.3174320440957372E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1723981437592809E+0 + b = 0.3010630597881105E-1 + v = 0.2182188909812599E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2149553257844597E+0 + b = 0.6326031554204694E-1 + v = 0.2399727933921445E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2573256081247422E+0 + b = 0.9848566980258631E-1 + v = 0.2579796133514652E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2993163751238106E+0 + b = 0.1350835952384266E+0 + v = 0.2727114052623535E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3407238005148000E+0 + b = 0.1725184055442181E+0 + v = 0.2846327656281355E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3813454978483264E+0 + b = 0.2103559279730725E+0 + v = 0.2941491102051334E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4209848104423343E+0 + b = 0.2482278774554860E+0 + v = 0.3016049492136107E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4594519699996300E+0 + b = 0.2858099509982883E+0 + v = 0.3072949726175648E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4965640166185930E+0 + b = 0.3228075659915428E+0 + v = 0.3114768142886460E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5321441655571562E+0 + b = 0.3589459907204151E+0 + v = 0.3143823673666223E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5660208438582166E+0 + b = 0.3939630088864310E+0 + v = 0.3162269764661535E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5980264315964364E+0 + b = 0.4276029922949089E+0 + v = 0.3172164663759821E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2644215852350733E+0 + b = 0.3300939429072552E-1 + v = 0.2554575398967435E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3090113743443063E+0 + b = 0.6803887650078501E-1 + v = 0.2701704069135677E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3525871079197808E+0 + b = 0.1044326136206709E+0 + v = 0.2823693413468940E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3950418005354029E+0 + b = 0.1416751597517679E+0 + v = 0.2922898463214289E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4362475663430163E+0 + b = 0.1793408610504821E+0 + v = 0.3001829062162428E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4760661812145854E+0 + b = 0.2170630750175722E+0 + v = 0.3062890864542953E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5143551042512103E+0 + b = 0.2545145157815807E+0 + v = 0.3108328279264746E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5509709026935597E+0 + b = 0.2913940101706601E+0 + v = 0.3140243146201245E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5857711030329428E+0 + b = 0.3274169910910705E+0 + v = 0.3160638030977130E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6186149917404392E+0 + b = 0.3623081329317265E+0 + v = 0.3171462882206275E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3586894569557064E+0 + b = 0.3497354386450040E-1 + v = 0.2812388416031796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4035266610019441E+0 + b = 0.7129736739757095E-1 + v = 0.2912137500288045E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4467775312332510E+0 + b = 0.1084758620193165E+0 + v = 0.2993241256502206E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4883638346608543E+0 + b = 0.1460915689241772E+0 + v = 0.3057101738983822E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5281908348434601E+0 + b = 0.1837790832369980E+0 + v = 0.3105319326251432E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5661542687149311E+0 + b = 0.2212075390874021E+0 + v = 0.3139565514428167E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6021450102031452E+0 + b = 0.2580682841160985E+0 + v = 0.3161543006806366E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6360520783610050E+0 + b = 0.2940656362094121E+0 + v = 0.3172985960613294E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4521611065087196E+0 + b = 0.3631055365867002E-1 + v = 0.2989400336901431E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4959365651560963E+0 + b = 0.7348318468484350E-1 + v = 0.3054555883947677E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5376815804038283E+0 + b = 0.1111087643812648E+0 + v = 0.3104764960807702E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5773314480243768E+0 + b = 0.1488226085145408E+0 + v = 0.3141015825977616E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6148113245575056E+0 + b = 0.1862892274135151E+0 + v = 0.3164520621159896E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6500407462842380E+0 + b = 0.2231909701714456E+0 + v = 0.3176652305912204E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5425151448707213E+0 + b = 0.3718201306118944E-1 + v = 0.3105097161023939E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5841860556907931E+0 + b = 0.7483616335067346E-1 + v = 0.3143014117890550E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6234632186851500E+0 + b = 0.1125990834266120E+0 + v = 0.3168172866287200E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6602934551848843E+0 + b = 0.1501303813157619E+0 + v = 0.3181401865570968E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6278573968375105E+0 + b = 0.3767559930245720E-1 + v = 0.3170663659156037E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6665611711264577E+0 + b = 0.7548443301360158E-1 + v = 0.3185447944625510E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 3890: + + v = 0.1807395252196920E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2848008782238827E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2836065837530581E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1587876419858352E-1 + v = 0.7013149266673816E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4069193593751206E-1 + v = 0.1162798021956766E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7025888115257997E-1 + v = 0.1518728583972105E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1027495450028704E+0 + v = 0.1798796108216934E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1371457730893426E+0 + v = 0.2022593385972785E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1727758532671953E+0 + v = 0.2203093105575464E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2091492038929037E+0 + v = 0.2349294234299855E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2458813281751915E+0 + v = 0.2467682058747003E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2826545859450066E+0 + v = 0.2563092683572224E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3191957291799622E+0 + v = 0.2639253896763318E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3552621469299578E+0 + v = 0.2699137479265108E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3906329503406230E+0 + v = 0.2745196420166739E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4251028614093031E+0 + v = 0.2779529197397593E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4584777520111870E+0 + v = 0.2803996086684265E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4905711358710193E+0 + v = 0.2820302356715842E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5212011669847385E+0 + v = 0.2830056747491068E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5501878488737995E+0 + v = 0.2834808950776839E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6025037877479342E+0 + v = 0.2835282339078929E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6254572689549016E+0 + v = 0.2833819267065800E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6460107179528248E+0 + v = 0.2832858336906784E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6639541138154251E+0 + v = 0.2833268235451244E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6790688515667495E+0 + v = 0.2835432677029253E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6911338580371512E+0 + v = 0.2839091722743049E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6999385956126490E+0 + v = 0.2843308178875841E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7053037748656896E+0 + v = 0.2846703550533846E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4732224387180115E-1 + v = 0.1051193406971900E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1202100529326803E+0 + v = 0.1657871838796974E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2034304820664855E+0 + v = 0.2064648113714232E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2912285643573002E+0 + v = 0.2347942745819741E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3802361792726768E+0 + v = 0.2547775326597726E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4680598511056146E+0 + v = 0.2686876684847025E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5528151052155599E+0 + v = 0.2778665755515867E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6329386307803041E+0 + v = 0.2830996616782929E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8056516651369069E-1 + b = 0.2363454684003124E-1 + v = 0.1403063340168372E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1156476077139389E+0 + b = 0.5191291632545936E-1 + v = 0.1696504125939477E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1520473382760421E+0 + b = 0.8322715736994519E-1 + v = 0.1935787242745390E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1892986699745931E+0 + b = 0.1165855667993712E+0 + v = 0.2130614510521968E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2270194446777792E+0 + b = 0.1513077167409504E+0 + v = 0.2289381265931048E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2648908185093273E+0 + b = 0.1868882025807859E+0 + v = 0.2418630292816186E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3026389259574136E+0 + b = 0.2229277629776224E+0 + v = 0.2523400495631193E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3400220296151384E+0 + b = 0.2590951840746235E+0 + v = 0.2607623973449605E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3768217953335510E+0 + b = 0.2951047291750847E+0 + v = 0.2674441032689209E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4128372900921884E+0 + b = 0.3307019714169930E+0 + v = 0.2726432360343356E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4478807131815630E+0 + b = 0.3656544101087634E+0 + v = 0.2765787685924545E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4817742034089257E+0 + b = 0.3997448951939695E+0 + v = 0.2794428690642224E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5143472814653344E+0 + b = 0.4327667110812024E+0 + v = 0.2814099002062895E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5454346213905650E+0 + b = 0.4645196123532293E+0 + v = 0.2826429531578994E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5748739313170252E+0 + b = 0.4948063555703345E+0 + v = 0.2832983542550884E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1599598738286342E+0 + b = 0.2792357590048985E-1 + v = 0.1886695565284976E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1998097412500951E+0 + b = 0.5877141038139065E-1 + v = 0.2081867882748234E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2396228952566202E+0 + b = 0.9164573914691377E-1 + v = 0.2245148680600796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2792228341097746E+0 + b = 0.1259049641962687E+0 + v = 0.2380370491511872E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3184251107546741E+0 + b = 0.1610594823400863E+0 + v = 0.2491398041852455E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3570481164426244E+0 + b = 0.1967151653460898E+0 + v = 0.2581632405881230E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3949164710492144E+0 + b = 0.2325404606175168E+0 + v = 0.2653965506227417E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4318617293970503E+0 + b = 0.2682461141151439E+0 + v = 0.2710857216747087E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4677221009931678E+0 + b = 0.3035720116011973E+0 + v = 0.2754434093903659E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5023417939270955E+0 + b = 0.3382781859197439E+0 + v = 0.2786579932519380E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5355701836636128E+0 + b = 0.3721383065625942E+0 + v = 0.2809011080679474E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5672608451328771E+0 + b = 0.4049346360466055E+0 + v = 0.2823336184560987E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5972704202540162E+0 + b = 0.4364538098633802E+0 + v = 0.2831101175806309E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2461687022333596E+0 + b = 0.3070423166833368E-1 + v = 0.2221679970354546E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2881774566286831E+0 + b = 0.6338034669281885E-1 + v = 0.2356185734270703E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3293963604116978E+0 + b = 0.9742862487067941E-1 + v = 0.2469228344805590E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3697303822241377E+0 + b = 0.1323799532282290E+0 + v = 0.2562726348642046E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4090663023135127E+0 + b = 0.1678497018129336E+0 + v = 0.2638756726753028E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4472819355411712E+0 + b = 0.2035095105326114E+0 + v = 0.2699311157390862E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4842513377231437E+0 + b = 0.2390692566672091E+0 + v = 0.2746233268403837E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5198477629962928E+0 + b = 0.2742649818076149E+0 + v = 0.2781225674454771E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5539453011883145E+0 + b = 0.3088503806580094E+0 + v = 0.2805881254045684E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5864196762401251E+0 + b = 0.3425904245906614E+0 + v = 0.2821719877004913E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6171484466668390E+0 + b = 0.3752562294789468E+0 + v = 0.2830222502333124E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3350337830565727E+0 + b = 0.3261589934634747E-1 + v = 0.2457995956744870E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3775773224758284E+0 + b = 0.6658438928081572E-1 + v = 0.2551474407503706E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4188155229848973E+0 + b = 0.1014565797157954E+0 + v = 0.2629065335195311E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4586805892009344E+0 + b = 0.1368573320843822E+0 + v = 0.2691900449925075E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4970895714224235E+0 + b = 0.1724614851951608E+0 + v = 0.2741275485754276E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5339505133960747E+0 + b = 0.2079779381416412E+0 + v = 0.2778530970122595E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5691665792531440E+0 + b = 0.2431385788322288E+0 + v = 0.2805010567646741E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6026387682680377E+0 + b = 0.2776901883049853E+0 + v = 0.2822055834031040E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6342676150163307E+0 + b = 0.3113881356386632E+0 + v = 0.2831016901243473E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4237951119537067E+0 + b = 0.3394877848664351E-1 + v = 0.2624474901131803E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4656918683234929E+0 + b = 0.6880219556291447E-1 + v = 0.2688034163039377E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5058857069185980E+0 + b = 0.1041946859721635E+0 + v = 0.2738932751287636E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5443204666713996E+0 + b = 0.1398039738736393E+0 + v = 0.2777944791242523E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5809298813759742E+0 + b = 0.1753373381196155E+0 + v = 0.2806011661660987E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6156416039447128E+0 + b = 0.2105215793514010E+0 + v = 0.2824181456597460E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6483801351066604E+0 + b = 0.2450953312157051E+0 + v = 0.2833585216577828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5103616577251688E+0 + b = 0.3485560643800719E-1 + v = 0.2738165236962878E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5506738792580681E+0 + b = 0.7026308631512033E-1 + v = 0.2778365208203180E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5889573040995292E+0 + b = 0.1059035061296403E+0 + v = 0.2807852940418966E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6251641589516930E+0 + b = 0.1414823925236026E+0 + v = 0.2827245949674705E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6592414921570178E+0 + b = 0.1767207908214530E+0 + v = 0.2837342344829828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5930314017533384E+0 + b = 0.3542189339561672E-1 + v = 0.2809233907610981E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6309812253390175E+0 + b = 0.7109574040369549E-1 + v = 0.2829930809742694E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6666296011353230E+0 + b = 0.1067259792282730E+0 + v = 0.2841097874111479E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6703715271049922E+0 + b = 0.3569455268820809E-1 + v = 0.2843455206008783E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 4334: + + v = 0.1449063022537883E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2546377329828424E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1462896151831013E-1 + v = 0.6018432961087496E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3769840812493139E-1 + v = 0.1002286583263673E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6524701904096891E-1 + v = 0.1315222931028093E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9560543416134648E-1 + v = 0.1564213746876724E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1278335898929198E+0 + v = 0.1765118841507736E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1613096104466031E+0 + v = 0.1928737099311080E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1955806225745371E+0 + v = 0.2062658534263270E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2302935218498028E+0 + v = 0.2172395445953787E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2651584344113027E+0 + v = 0.2262076188876047E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2999276825183209E+0 + v = 0.2334885699462397E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3343828669718798E+0 + v = 0.2393355273179203E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3683265013750518E+0 + v = 0.2439559200468863E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4015763206518108E+0 + v = 0.2475251866060002E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4339612026399770E+0 + v = 0.2501965558158773E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4653180651114582E+0 + v = 0.2521081407925925E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4954893331080803E+0 + v = 0.2533881002388081E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5243207068924930E+0 + v = 0.2541582900848261E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5516590479041704E+0 + v = 0.2545365737525860E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6012371927804176E+0 + v = 0.2545726993066799E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6231574466449819E+0 + v = 0.2544456197465555E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6429416514181271E+0 + v = 0.2543481596881064E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6604124272943595E+0 + v = 0.2543506451429194E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6753851470408250E+0 + v = 0.2544905675493763E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6876717970626160E+0 + v = 0.2547611407344429E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6970895061319234E+0 + v = 0.2551060375448869E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7034746912553310E+0 + v = 0.2554291933816039E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7067017217542295E+0 + v = 0.2556255710686343E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4382223501131123E-1 + v = 0.9041339695118195E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1117474077400006E+0 + v = 0.1438426330079022E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1897153252911440E+0 + v = 0.1802523089820518E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2724023009910331E+0 + v = 0.2060052290565496E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3567163308709902E+0 + v = 0.2245002248967466E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4404784483028087E+0 + v = 0.2377059847731150E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5219833154161411E+0 + v = 0.2468118955882525E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5998179868977553E+0 + v = 0.2525410872966528E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6727803154548222E+0 + v = 0.2553101409933397E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7476563943166086E-1 + b = 0.2193168509461185E-1 + v = 0.1212879733668632E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1075341482001416E+0 + b = 0.4826419281533887E-1 + v = 0.1472872881270931E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1416344885203259E+0 + b = 0.7751191883575742E-1 + v = 0.1686846601010828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1766325315388586E+0 + b = 0.1087558139247680E+0 + v = 0.1862698414660208E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2121744174481514E+0 + b = 0.1413661374253096E+0 + v = 0.2007430956991861E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2479669443408145E+0 + b = 0.1748768214258880E+0 + v = 0.2126568125394796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2837600452294113E+0 + b = 0.2089216406612073E+0 + v = 0.2224394603372113E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3193344933193984E+0 + b = 0.2431987685545972E+0 + v = 0.2304264522673135E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3544935442438745E+0 + b = 0.2774497054377770E+0 + v = 0.2368854288424087E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3890571932288154E+0 + b = 0.3114460356156915E+0 + v = 0.2420352089461772E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4228581214259090E+0 + b = 0.3449806851913012E+0 + v = 0.2460597113081295E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4557387211304052E+0 + b = 0.3778618641248256E+0 + v = 0.2491181912257687E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4875487950541643E+0 + b = 0.4099086391698978E+0 + v = 0.2513528194205857E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5181436529962997E+0 + b = 0.4409474925853973E+0 + v = 0.2528943096693220E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5473824095600661E+0 + b = 0.4708094517711291E+0 + v = 0.2538660368488136E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5751263398976174E+0 + b = 0.4993275140354637E+0 + v = 0.2543868648299022E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1489515746840028E+0 + b = 0.2599381993267017E-1 + v = 0.1642595537825183E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1863656444351767E+0 + b = 0.5479286532462190E-1 + v = 0.1818246659849308E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2238602880356348E+0 + b = 0.8556763251425254E-1 + v = 0.1966565649492420E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2612723375728160E+0 + b = 0.1177257802267011E+0 + v = 0.2090677905657991E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2984332990206190E+0 + b = 0.1508168456192700E+0 + v = 0.2193820409510504E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3351786584663333E+0 + b = 0.1844801892177727E+0 + v = 0.2278870827661928E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3713505522209120E+0 + b = 0.2184145236087598E+0 + v = 0.2348283192282090E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4067981098954663E+0 + b = 0.2523590641486229E+0 + v = 0.2404139755581477E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4413769993687534E+0 + b = 0.2860812976901373E+0 + v = 0.2448227407760734E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4749487182516394E+0 + b = 0.3193686757808996E+0 + v = 0.2482110455592573E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5073798105075426E+0 + b = 0.3520226949547602E+0 + v = 0.2507192397774103E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5385410448878654E+0 + b = 0.3838544395667890E+0 + v = 0.2524765968534880E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5683065353670530E+0 + b = 0.4146810037640963E+0 + v = 0.2536052388539425E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5965527620663510E+0 + b = 0.4443224094681121E+0 + v = 0.2542230588033068E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2299227700856157E+0 + b = 0.2865757664057584E-1 + v = 0.1944817013047896E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2695752998553267E+0 + b = 0.5923421684485993E-1 + v = 0.2067862362746635E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3086178716611389E+0 + b = 0.9117817776057715E-1 + v = 0.2172440734649114E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3469649871659077E+0 + b = 0.1240593814082605E+0 + v = 0.2260125991723423E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3845153566319655E+0 + b = 0.1575272058259175E+0 + v = 0.2332655008689523E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4211600033403215E+0 + b = 0.1912845163525413E+0 + v = 0.2391699681532458E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4567867834329882E+0 + b = 0.2250710177858171E+0 + v = 0.2438801528273928E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4912829319232061E+0 + b = 0.2586521303440910E+0 + v = 0.2475370504260665E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5245364793303812E+0 + b = 0.2918112242865407E+0 + v = 0.2502707235640574E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5564369788915756E+0 + b = 0.3243439239067890E+0 + v = 0.2522031701054241E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5868757697775287E+0 + b = 0.3560536787835351E+0 + v = 0.2534511269978784E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6157458853519617E+0 + b = 0.3867480821242581E+0 + v = 0.2541284914955151E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3138461110672113E+0 + b = 0.3051374637507278E-1 + v = 0.2161509250688394E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3542495872050569E+0 + b = 0.6237111233730755E-1 + v = 0.2248778513437852E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3935751553120181E+0 + b = 0.9516223952401907E-1 + v = 0.2322388803404617E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4317634668111147E+0 + b = 0.1285467341508517E+0 + v = 0.2383265471001355E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4687413842250821E+0 + b = 0.1622318931656033E+0 + v = 0.2432476675019525E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5044274237060283E+0 + b = 0.1959581153836453E+0 + v = 0.2471122223750674E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5387354077925727E+0 + b = 0.2294888081183837E+0 + v = 0.2500291752486870E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5715768898356105E+0 + b = 0.2626031152713945E+0 + v = 0.2521055942764682E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6028627200136111E+0 + b = 0.2950904075286713E+0 + v = 0.2534472785575503E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6325039812653463E+0 + b = 0.3267458451113286E+0 + v = 0.2541599713080121E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3981986708423407E+0 + b = 0.3183291458749821E-1 + v = 0.2317380975862936E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4382791182133300E+0 + b = 0.6459548193880908E-1 + v = 0.2378550733719775E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4769233057218166E+0 + b = 0.9795757037087952E-1 + v = 0.2428884456739118E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5140823911194238E+0 + b = 0.1316307235126655E+0 + v = 0.2469002655757292E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5496977833862983E+0 + b = 0.1653556486358704E+0 + v = 0.2499657574265851E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5837047306512727E+0 + b = 0.1988931724126510E+0 + v = 0.2521676168486082E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6160349566926879E+0 + b = 0.2320174581438950E+0 + v = 0.2535935662645334E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6466185353209440E+0 + b = 0.2645106562168662E+0 + v = 0.2543356743363214E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4810835158795404E+0 + b = 0.3275917807743992E-1 + v = 0.2427353285201535E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5199925041324341E+0 + b = 0.6612546183967181E-1 + v = 0.2468258039744386E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5571717692207494E+0 + b = 0.9981498331474143E-1 + v = 0.2500060956440310E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5925789250836378E+0 + b = 0.1335687001410374E+0 + v = 0.2523238365420979E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6261658523859670E+0 + b = 0.1671444402896463E+0 + v = 0.2538399260252846E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6578811126669331E+0 + b = 0.2003106382156076E+0 + v = 0.2546255927268069E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5609624612998100E+0 + b = 0.3337500940231335E-1 + v = 0.2500583360048449E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5979959659984670E+0 + b = 0.6708750335901803E-1 + v = 0.2524777638260203E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6330523711054002E+0 + b = 0.1008792126424850E+0 + v = 0.2540951193860656E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6660960998103972E+0 + b = 0.1345050343171794E+0 + v = 0.2549524085027472E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6365384364585819E+0 + b = 0.3372799460737052E-1 + v = 0.2542569507009158E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6710994302899275E+0 + b = 0.6755249309678028E-1 + v = 0.2552114127580376E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 4802: + + v = 0.9687521879420705E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2307897895367918E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2297310852498558E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2335728608887064E-1 + v = 0.7386265944001919E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4352987836550653E-1 + v = 0.8257977698542210E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6439200521088801E-1 + v = 0.9706044762057630E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9003943631993181E-1 + v = 0.1302393847117003E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1196706615548473E+0 + v = 0.1541957004600968E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1511715412838134E+0 + v = 0.1704459770092199E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1835982828503801E+0 + v = 0.1827374890942906E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2165081259155405E+0 + v = 0.1926360817436107E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2496208720417563E+0 + v = 0.2008010239494833E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2827200673567900E+0 + v = 0.2075635983209175E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3156190823994346E+0 + v = 0.2131306638690909E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3481476793749115E+0 + v = 0.2176562329937335E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3801466086947226E+0 + v = 0.2212682262991018E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4114652119634011E+0 + v = 0.2240799515668565E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4419598786519751E+0 + v = 0.2261959816187525E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4714925949329543E+0 + v = 0.2277156368808855E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4999293972879466E+0 + v = 0.2287351772128336E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5271387221431248E+0 + v = 0.2293490814084085E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5529896780837761E+0 + v = 0.2296505312376273E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6000856099481712E+0 + v = 0.2296793832318756E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6210562192785175E+0 + v = 0.2295785443842974E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6401165879934240E+0 + v = 0.2295017931529102E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6571144029244334E+0 + v = 0.2295059638184868E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6718910821718863E+0 + v = 0.2296232343237362E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6842845591099010E+0 + v = 0.2298530178740771E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6941353476269816E+0 + v = 0.2301579790280501E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7012965242212991E+0 + v = 0.2304690404996513E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7056471428242644E+0 + v = 0.2307027995907102E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4595557643585895E-1 + v = 0.9312274696671092E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1049316742435023E+0 + v = 0.1199919385876926E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1773548879549274E+0 + v = 0.1598039138877690E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2559071411236127E+0 + v = 0.1822253763574900E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3358156837985898E+0 + v = 0.1988579593655040E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4155835743763893E+0 + v = 0.2112620102533307E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4937894296167472E+0 + v = 0.2201594887699007E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5691569694793316E+0 + v = 0.2261622590895036E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6405840854894251E+0 + v = 0.2296458453435705E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7345133894143348E-1 + b = 0.2177844081486067E-1 + v = 0.1006006990267000E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1009859834044931E+0 + b = 0.4590362185775188E-1 + v = 0.1227676689635876E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1324289619748758E+0 + b = 0.7255063095690877E-1 + v = 0.1467864280270117E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1654272109607127E+0 + b = 0.1017825451960684E+0 + v = 0.1644178912101232E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1990767186776461E+0 + b = 0.1325652320980364E+0 + v = 0.1777664890718961E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2330125945523278E+0 + b = 0.1642765374496765E+0 + v = 0.1884825664516690E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2670080611108287E+0 + b = 0.1965360374337889E+0 + v = 0.1973269246453848E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3008753376294316E+0 + b = 0.2290726770542238E+0 + v = 0.2046767775855328E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3344475596167860E+0 + b = 0.2616645495370823E+0 + v = 0.2107600125918040E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3675709724070786E+0 + b = 0.2941150728843141E+0 + v = 0.2157416362266829E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4001000887587812E+0 + b = 0.3262440400919066E+0 + v = 0.2197557816920721E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4318956350436028E+0 + b = 0.3578835350611916E+0 + v = 0.2229192611835437E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4628239056795531E+0 + b = 0.3888751854043678E+0 + v = 0.2253385110212775E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4927563229773636E+0 + b = 0.4190678003222840E+0 + v = 0.2271137107548774E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5215687136707969E+0 + b = 0.4483151836883852E+0 + v = 0.2283414092917525E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5491402346984905E+0 + b = 0.4764740676087880E+0 + v = 0.2291161673130077E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5753520160126075E+0 + b = 0.5034021310998277E+0 + v = 0.2295313908576598E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1388326356417754E+0 + b = 0.2435436510372806E-1 + v = 0.1438204721359031E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1743686900537244E+0 + b = 0.5118897057342652E-1 + v = 0.1607738025495257E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2099737037950268E+0 + b = 0.8014695048539634E-1 + v = 0.1741483853528379E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2454492590908548E+0 + b = 0.1105117874155699E+0 + v = 0.1851918467519151E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2807219257864278E+0 + b = 0.1417950531570966E+0 + v = 0.1944628638070613E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3156842271975842E+0 + b = 0.1736604945719597E+0 + v = 0.2022495446275152E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3502090945177752E+0 + b = 0.2058466324693981E+0 + v = 0.2087462382438514E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3841684849519686E+0 + b = 0.2381284261195919E+0 + v = 0.2141074754818308E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4174372367906016E+0 + b = 0.2703031270422569E+0 + v = 0.2184640913748162E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4498926465011892E+0 + b = 0.3021845683091309E+0 + v = 0.2219309165220329E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4814146229807701E+0 + b = 0.3335993355165720E+0 + v = 0.2246123118340624E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5118863625734701E+0 + b = 0.3643833735518232E+0 + v = 0.2266062766915125E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5411947455119144E+0 + b = 0.3943789541958179E+0 + v = 0.2280072952230796E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5692301500357246E+0 + b = 0.4234320144403542E+0 + v = 0.2289082025202583E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5958857204139576E+0 + b = 0.4513897947419260E+0 + v = 0.2294012695120025E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2156270284785766E+0 + b = 0.2681225755444491E-1 + v = 0.1722434488736947E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2532385054909710E+0 + b = 0.5557495747805614E-1 + v = 0.1830237421455091E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2902564617771537E+0 + b = 0.8569368062950249E-1 + v = 0.1923855349997633E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3266979823143256E+0 + b = 0.1167367450324135E+0 + v = 0.2004067861936271E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3625039627493614E+0 + b = 0.1483861994003304E+0 + v = 0.2071817297354263E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3975838937548699E+0 + b = 0.1803821503011405E+0 + v = 0.2128250834102103E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4318396099009774E+0 + b = 0.2124962965666424E+0 + v = 0.2174513719440102E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4651706555732742E+0 + b = 0.2445221837805913E+0 + v = 0.2211661839150214E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4974752649620969E+0 + b = 0.2762701224322987E+0 + v = 0.2240665257813102E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5286517579627517E+0 + b = 0.3075627775211328E+0 + v = 0.2262439516632620E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5586001195731895E+0 + b = 0.3382311089826877E+0 + v = 0.2277874557231869E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5872229902021319E+0 + b = 0.3681108834741399E+0 + v = 0.2287854314454994E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6144258616235123E+0 + b = 0.3970397446872839E+0 + v = 0.2293268499615575E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2951676508064861E+0 + b = 0.2867499538750441E-1 + v = 0.1912628201529828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3335085485472725E+0 + b = 0.5867879341903510E-1 + v = 0.1992499672238701E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3709561760636381E+0 + b = 0.8961099205022284E-1 + v = 0.2061275533454027E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4074722861667498E+0 + b = 0.1211627927626297E+0 + v = 0.2119318215968572E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4429923648839117E+0 + b = 0.1530748903554898E+0 + v = 0.2167416581882652E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4774428052721736E+0 + b = 0.1851176436721877E+0 + v = 0.2206430730516600E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5107446539535904E+0 + b = 0.2170829107658179E+0 + v = 0.2237186938699523E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5428151370542935E+0 + b = 0.2487786689026271E+0 + v = 0.2260480075032884E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5735699292556964E+0 + b = 0.2800239952795016E+0 + v = 0.2277098884558542E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6029253794562866E+0 + b = 0.3106445702878119E+0 + v = 0.2287845715109671E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6307998987073145E+0 + b = 0.3404689500841194E+0 + v = 0.2293547268236294E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3752652273692719E+0 + b = 0.2997145098184479E-1 + v = 0.2056073839852528E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4135383879344028E+0 + b = 0.6086725898678011E-1 + v = 0.2114235865831876E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4506113885153907E+0 + b = 0.9238849548435643E-1 + v = 0.2163175629770551E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4864401554606072E+0 + b = 0.1242786603851851E+0 + v = 0.2203392158111650E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5209708076611709E+0 + b = 0.1563086731483386E+0 + v = 0.2235473176847839E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5541422135830122E+0 + b = 0.1882696509388506E+0 + v = 0.2260024141501235E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5858880915113817E+0 + b = 0.2199672979126059E+0 + v = 0.2277675929329182E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6161399390603444E+0 + b = 0.2512165482924867E+0 + v = 0.2289102112284834E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6448296482255090E+0 + b = 0.2818368701871888E+0 + v = 0.2295027954625118E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4544796274917948E+0 + b = 0.3088970405060312E-1 + v = 0.2161281589879992E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4919389072146628E+0 + b = 0.6240947677636835E-1 + v = 0.2201980477395102E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5279313026985183E+0 + b = 0.9430706144280313E-1 + v = 0.2234952066593166E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5624169925571135E+0 + b = 0.1263547818770374E+0 + v = 0.2260540098520838E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5953484627093287E+0 + b = 0.1583430788822594E+0 + v = 0.2279157981899988E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6266730715339185E+0 + b = 0.1900748462555988E+0 + v = 0.2291296918565571E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6563363204278871E+0 + b = 0.2213599519592567E+0 + v = 0.2297533752536649E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5314574716585696E+0 + b = 0.3152508811515374E-1 + v = 0.2234927356465995E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5674614932298185E+0 + b = 0.6343865291465561E-1 + v = 0.2261288012985219E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6017706004970264E+0 + b = 0.9551503504223951E-1 + v = 0.2280818160923688E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6343471270264178E+0 + b = 0.1275440099801196E+0 + v = 0.2293773295180159E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6651494599127802E+0 + b = 0.1593252037671960E+0 + v = 0.2300528767338634E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6050184986005704E+0 + b = 0.3192538338496105E-1 + v = 0.2281893855065666E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6390163550880400E+0 + b = 0.6402824353962306E-1 + v = 0.2295720444840727E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6711199107088448E+0 + b = 0.9609805077002909E-1 + v = 0.2303227649026753E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6741354429572275E+0 + b = 0.3211853196273233E-1 + v = 0.2304831913227114E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 5294: + + v = 0.9080510764308163E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.2084824361987793E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2303261686261450E-1 + v = 0.5011105657239616E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3757208620162394E-1 + v = 0.5942520409683854E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5821912033821852E-1 + v = 0.9564394826109721E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8403127529194872E-1 + v = 0.1185530657126338E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1122927798060578E+0 + v = 0.1364510114230331E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1420125319192987E+0 + v = 0.1505828825605415E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1726396437341978E+0 + v = 0.1619298749867023E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2038170058115696E+0 + v = 0.1712450504267789E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2352849892876508E+0 + v = 0.1789891098164999E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2668363354312461E+0 + v = 0.1854474955629795E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2982941279900452E+0 + v = 0.1908148636673661E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3295002922087076E+0 + v = 0.1952377405281833E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3603094918363593E+0 + v = 0.1988349254282232E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3905857895173920E+0 + v = 0.2017079807160050E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4202005758160837E+0 + v = 0.2039473082709094E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4490310061597227E+0 + v = 0.2056360279288953E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4769586160311491E+0 + v = 0.2068525823066865E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5038679887049750E+0 + v = 0.2076724877534488E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5296454286519961E+0 + v = 0.2081694278237885E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5541776207164850E+0 + v = 0.2084157631219326E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5990467321921213E+0 + v = 0.2084381531128593E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6191467096294587E+0 + v = 0.2083476277129307E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6375251212901849E+0 + v = 0.2082686194459732E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6540514381131168E+0 + v = 0.2082475686112415E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6685899064391510E+0 + v = 0.2083139860289915E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6810013009681648E+0 + v = 0.2084745561831237E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6911469578730340E+0 + v = 0.2087091313375890E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6988956915141736E+0 + v = 0.2089718413297697E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7041335794868720E+0 + v = 0.2092003303479793E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7067754398018567E+0 + v = 0.2093336148263241E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3840368707853623E-1 + v = 0.7591708117365267E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9835485954117399E-1 + v = 0.1083383968169186E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1665774947612998E+0 + v = 0.1403019395292510E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2405702335362910E+0 + v = 0.1615970179286436E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3165270770189046E+0 + v = 0.1771144187504911E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3927386145645443E+0 + v = 0.1887760022988168E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4678825918374656E+0 + v = 0.1973474670768214E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5408022024266935E+0 + v = 0.2033787661234659E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6104967445752438E+0 + v = 0.2072343626517331E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6760910702685738E+0 + v = 0.2091177834226918E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6655644120217392E-1 + b = 0.1936508874588424E-1 + v = 0.9316684484675566E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9446246161270182E-1 + b = 0.4252442002115869E-1 + v = 0.1116193688682976E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1242651925452509E+0 + b = 0.6806529315354374E-1 + v = 0.1298623551559414E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1553438064846751E+0 + b = 0.9560957491205369E-1 + v = 0.1450236832456426E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1871137110542670E+0 + b = 0.1245931657452888E+0 + v = 0.1572719958149914E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2192612628836257E+0 + b = 0.1545385828778978E+0 + v = 0.1673234785867195E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2515682807206955E+0 + b = 0.1851004249723368E+0 + v = 0.1756860118725188E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2838535866287290E+0 + b = 0.2160182608272384E+0 + v = 0.1826776290439367E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3159578817528521E+0 + b = 0.2470799012277111E+0 + v = 0.1885116347992865E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3477370882791392E+0 + b = 0.2781014208986402E+0 + v = 0.1933457860170574E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3790576960890540E+0 + b = 0.3089172523515731E+0 + v = 0.1973060671902064E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4097938317810200E+0 + b = 0.3393750055472244E+0 + v = 0.2004987099616311E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4398256572859637E+0 + b = 0.3693322470987730E+0 + v = 0.2030170909281499E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4690384114718480E+0 + b = 0.3986541005609877E+0 + v = 0.2049461460119080E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4973216048301053E+0 + b = 0.4272112491408562E+0 + v = 0.2063653565200186E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5245681526132446E+0 + b = 0.4548781735309936E+0 + v = 0.2073507927381027E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5506733911803888E+0 + b = 0.4815315355023251E+0 + v = 0.2079764593256122E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5755339829522475E+0 + b = 0.5070486445801855E+0 + v = 0.2083150534968778E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1305472386056362E+0 + b = 0.2284970375722366E-1 + v = 0.1262715121590664E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1637327908216477E+0 + b = 0.4812254338288384E-1 + v = 0.1414386128545972E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1972734634149637E+0 + b = 0.7531734457511935E-1 + v = 0.1538740401313898E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2308694653110130E+0 + b = 0.1039043639882017E+0 + v = 0.1642434942331432E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2643899218338160E+0 + b = 0.1334526587117626E+0 + v = 0.1729790609237496E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2977171599622171E+0 + b = 0.1636414868936382E+0 + v = 0.1803505190260828E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3307293903032310E+0 + b = 0.1942195406166568E+0 + v = 0.1865475350079657E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3633069198219073E+0 + b = 0.2249752879943753E+0 + v = 0.1917182669679069E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3953346955922727E+0 + b = 0.2557218821820032E+0 + v = 0.1959851709034382E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4267018394184914E+0 + b = 0.2862897925213193E+0 + v = 0.1994529548117882E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4573009622571704E+0 + b = 0.3165224536636518E+0 + v = 0.2022138911146548E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4870279559856109E+0 + b = 0.3462730221636496E+0 + v = 0.2043518024208592E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5157819581450322E+0 + b = 0.3754016870282835E+0 + v = 0.2059450313018110E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5434651666465393E+0 + b = 0.4037733784993613E+0 + v = 0.2070685715318472E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5699823887764627E+0 + b = 0.4312557784139123E+0 + v = 0.2077955310694373E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5952403350947741E+0 + b = 0.4577175367122110E+0 + v = 0.2081980387824712E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2025152599210369E+0 + b = 0.2520253617719557E-1 + v = 0.1521318610377956E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2381066653274425E+0 + b = 0.5223254506119000E-1 + v = 0.1622772720185755E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2732823383651612E+0 + b = 0.8060669688588620E-1 + v = 0.1710498139420709E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3080137692611118E+0 + b = 0.1099335754081255E+0 + v = 0.1785911149448736E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3422405614587601E+0 + b = 0.1399120955959857E+0 + v = 0.1850125313687736E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3758808773890420E+0 + b = 0.1702977801651705E+0 + v = 0.1904229703933298E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4088458383438932E+0 + b = 0.2008799256601680E+0 + v = 0.1949259956121987E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4410450550841152E+0 + b = 0.2314703052180836E+0 + v = 0.1986161545363960E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4723879420561312E+0 + b = 0.2618972111375892E+0 + v = 0.2015790585641370E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5027843561874343E+0 + b = 0.2920013195600270E+0 + v = 0.2038934198707418E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5321453674452458E+0 + b = 0.3216322555190551E+0 + v = 0.2056334060538251E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5603839113834030E+0 + b = 0.3506456615934198E+0 + v = 0.2068705959462289E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5874150706875146E+0 + b = 0.3789007181306267E+0 + v = 0.2076753906106002E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6131559381660038E+0 + b = 0.4062580170572782E+0 + v = 0.2081179391734803E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2778497016394506E+0 + b = 0.2696271276876226E-1 + v = 0.1700345216228943E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3143733562261912E+0 + b = 0.5523469316960465E-1 + v = 0.1774906779990410E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3501485810261827E+0 + b = 0.8445193201626464E-1 + v = 0.1839659377002642E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3851430322303653E+0 + b = 0.1143263119336083E+0 + v = 0.1894987462975169E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4193013979470415E+0 + b = 0.1446177898344475E+0 + v = 0.1941548809452595E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4525585960458567E+0 + b = 0.1751165438438091E+0 + v = 0.1980078427252384E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4848447779622947E+0 + b = 0.2056338306745660E+0 + v = 0.2011296284744488E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5160871208276894E+0 + b = 0.2359965487229226E+0 + v = 0.2035888456966776E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5462112185696926E+0 + b = 0.2660430223139146E+0 + v = 0.2054516325352142E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5751425068101757E+0 + b = 0.2956193664498032E+0 + v = 0.2067831033092635E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6028073872853596E+0 + b = 0.3245763905312779E+0 + v = 0.2076485320284876E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6291338275278409E+0 + b = 0.3527670026206972E+0 + v = 0.2081141439525255E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3541797528439391E+0 + b = 0.2823853479435550E-1 + v = 0.1834383015469222E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3908234972074657E+0 + b = 0.5741296374713106E-1 + v = 0.1889540591777677E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4264408450107590E+0 + b = 0.8724646633650199E-1 + v = 0.1936677023597375E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4609949666553286E+0 + b = 0.1175034422915616E+0 + v = 0.1976176495066504E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4944389496536006E+0 + b = 0.1479755652628428E+0 + v = 0.2008536004560983E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5267194884346086E+0 + b = 0.1784740659484352E+0 + v = 0.2034280351712291E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5577787810220990E+0 + b = 0.2088245700431244E+0 + v = 0.2053944466027758E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5875563763536670E+0 + b = 0.2388628136570763E+0 + v = 0.2068077642882360E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6159910016391269E+0 + b = 0.2684308928769185E+0 + v = 0.2077250949661599E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6430219602956268E+0 + b = 0.2973740761960252E+0 + v = 0.2082062440705320E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4300647036213646E+0 + b = 0.2916399920493977E-1 + v = 0.1934374486546626E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4661486308935531E+0 + b = 0.5898803024755659E-1 + v = 0.1974107010484300E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5009658555287261E+0 + b = 0.8924162698525409E-1 + v = 0.2007129290388658E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5344824270447704E+0 + b = 0.1197185199637321E+0 + v = 0.2033736947471293E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5666575997416371E+0 + b = 0.1502300756161382E+0 + v = 0.2054287125902493E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5974457471404752E+0 + b = 0.1806004191913564E+0 + v = 0.2069184936818894E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6267984444116886E+0 + b = 0.2106621764786252E+0 + v = 0.2078883689808782E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6546664713575417E+0 + b = 0.2402526932671914E+0 + v = 0.2083886366116359E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5042711004437253E+0 + b = 0.2982529203607657E-1 + v = 0.2006593275470817E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5392127456774380E+0 + b = 0.6008728062339922E-1 + v = 0.2033728426135397E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5726819437668618E+0 + b = 0.9058227674571398E-1 + v = 0.2055008781377608E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6046469254207278E+0 + b = 0.1211219235803400E+0 + v = 0.2070651783518502E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6350716157434952E+0 + b = 0.1515286404791580E+0 + v = 0.2080953335094320E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6639177679185454E+0 + b = 0.1816314681255552E+0 + v = 0.2086284998988521E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5757276040972253E+0 + b = 0.3026991752575440E-1 + v = 0.2055549387644668E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6090265823139755E+0 + b = 0.6078402297870770E-1 + v = 0.2071871850267654E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6406735344387661E+0 + b = 0.9135459984176636E-1 + v = 0.2082856600431965E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6706397927793709E+0 + b = 0.1218024155966590E+0 + v = 0.2088705858819358E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6435019674426665E+0 + b = 0.3052608357660639E-1 + v = 0.2083995867536322E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6747218676375681E+0 + b = 0.6112185773983089E-1 + v = 0.2090509712889637E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case 5810: + + v = 0.9735347946175486E-5 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(1, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1907581241803167E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(2, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + v = 0.1901059546737578E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(3, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1182361662400277E-1 + v = 0.3926424538919212E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3062145009138958E-1 + v = 0.6667905467294382E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5329794036834243E-1 + v = 0.8868891315019135E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7848165532862220E-1 + v = 0.1066306000958872E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1054038157636201E+0 + v = 0.1214506743336128E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1335577797766211E+0 + v = 0.1338054681640871E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1625769955502252E+0 + v = 0.1441677023628504E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1921787193412792E+0 + v = 0.1528880200826557E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2221340534690548E+0 + v = 0.1602330623773609E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2522504912791132E+0 + v = 0.1664102653445244E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2823610860679697E+0 + v = 0.1715845854011323E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3123173966267560E+0 + v = 0.1758901000133069E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3419847036953789E+0 + v = 0.1794382485256736E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3712386456999758E+0 + v = 0.1823238106757407E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3999627649876828E+0 + v = 0.1846293252959976E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4280466458648093E+0 + v = 0.1864284079323098E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4553844360185711E+0 + v = 0.1877882694626914E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4818736094437834E+0 + v = 0.1887716321852025E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5074138709260629E+0 + v = 0.1894381638175673E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5319061304570707E+0 + v = 0.1898454899533629E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5552514978677286E+0 + v = 0.1900497929577815E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5981009025246183E+0 + v = 0.1900671501924092E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6173990192228116E+0 + v = 0.1899837555533510E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6351365239411131E+0 + v = 0.1899014113156229E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6512010228227200E+0 + v = 0.1898581257705106E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6654758363948120E+0 + v = 0.1898804756095753E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6778410414853370E+0 + v = 0.1899793610426402E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6881760887484110E+0 + v = 0.1901464554844117E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6963645267094598E+0 + v = 0.1903533246259542E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7023010617153579E+0 + v = 0.1905556158463228E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.7059004636628753E+0 + v = 0.1907037155663528E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(4, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3552470312472575E-1 + v = 0.5992997844249967E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.9151176620841283E-1 + v = 0.9749059382456978E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1566197930068980E+0 + v = 0.1241680804599158E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2265467599271907E+0 + v = 0.1437626154299360E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2988242318581361E+0 + v = 0.1584200054793902E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3717482419703886E+0 + v = 0.1694436550982744E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4440094491758889E+0 + v = 0.1776617014018108E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5145337096756642E+0 + v = 0.1836132434440077E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5824053672860230E+0 + v = 0.1876494727075983E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6468283961043370E+0 + v = 0.1899906535336482E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(5, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6095964259104373E-1 + b = 0.1787828275342931E-1 + v = 0.8143252820767350E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.8811962270959388E-1 + b = 0.3953888740792096E-1 + v = 0.9998859890887728E-4 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1165936722428831E+0 + b = 0.6378121797722990E-1 + v = 0.1156199403068359E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1460232857031785E+0 + b = 0.8985890813745037E-1 + v = 0.1287632092635513E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1761197110181755E+0 + b = 0.1172606510576162E+0 + v = 0.1398378643365139E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2066471190463718E+0 + b = 0.1456102876970995E+0 + v = 0.1491876468417391E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2374076026328152E+0 + b = 0.1746153823011775E+0 + v = 0.1570855679175456E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2682305474337051E+0 + b = 0.2040383070295584E+0 + v = 0.1637483948103775E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2989653312142369E+0 + b = 0.2336788634003698E+0 + v = 0.1693500566632843E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3294762752772209E+0 + b = 0.2633632752654219E+0 + v = 0.1740322769393633E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3596390887276086E+0 + b = 0.2929369098051601E+0 + v = 0.1779126637278296E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3893383046398812E+0 + b = 0.3222592785275512E+0 + v = 0.1810908108835412E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4184653789358347E+0 + b = 0.3512004791195743E+0 + v = 0.1836529132600190E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4469172319076166E+0 + b = 0.3796385677684537E+0 + v = 0.1856752841777379E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4745950813276976E+0 + b = 0.4074575378263879E+0 + v = 0.1872270566606832E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5014034601410262E+0 + b = 0.4345456906027828E+0 + v = 0.1883722645591307E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5272493404551239E+0 + b = 0.4607942515205134E+0 + v = 0.1891714324525297E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5520413051846366E+0 + b = 0.4860961284181720E+0 + v = 0.1896827480450146E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5756887237503077E+0 + b = 0.5103447395342790E+0 + v = 0.1899628417059528E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1225039430588352E+0 + b = 0.2136455922655793E-1 + v = 0.1123301829001669E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1539113217321372E+0 + b = 0.4520926166137188E-1 + v = 0.1253698826711277E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1856213098637712E+0 + b = 0.7086468177864818E-1 + v = 0.1366266117678531E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2174998728035131E+0 + b = 0.9785239488772918E-1 + v = 0.1462736856106918E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2494128336938330E+0 + b = 0.1258106396267210E+0 + v = 0.1545076466685412E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2812321562143480E+0 + b = 0.1544529125047001E+0 + v = 0.1615096280814007E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3128372276456111E+0 + b = 0.1835433512202753E+0 + v = 0.1674366639741759E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3441145160177973E+0 + b = 0.2128813258619585E+0 + v = 0.1724225002437900E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3749567714853510E+0 + b = 0.2422913734880829E+0 + v = 0.1765810822987288E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4052621732015610E+0 + b = 0.2716163748391453E+0 + v = 0.1800104126010751E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4349335453522385E+0 + b = 0.3007127671240280E+0 + v = 0.1827960437331284E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4638776641524965E+0 + b = 0.3294470677216479E+0 + v = 0.1850140300716308E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4920046410462687E+0 + b = 0.3576932543699155E+0 + v = 0.1867333507394938E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5192273554861704E+0 + b = 0.3853307059757764E+0 + v = 0.1880178688638289E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5454609081136522E+0 + b = 0.4122425044452694E+0 + v = 0.1889278925654758E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5706220661424140E+0 + b = 0.4383139587781027E+0 + v = 0.1895213832507346E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5946286755181518E+0 + b = 0.4634312536300553E+0 + v = 0.1898548277397420E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.1905370790924295E+0 + b = 0.2371311537781979E-1 + v = 0.1349105935937341E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2242518717748009E+0 + b = 0.4917878059254806E-1 + v = 0.1444060068369326E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2577190808025936E+0 + b = 0.7595498960495142E-1 + v = 0.1526797390930008E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2908724534927187E+0 + b = 0.1036991083191100E+0 + v = 0.1598208771406474E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3236354020056219E+0 + b = 0.1321348584450234E+0 + v = 0.1659354368615331E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3559267359304543E+0 + b = 0.1610316571314789E+0 + v = 0.1711279910946440E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3876637123676956E+0 + b = 0.1901912080395707E+0 + v = 0.1754952725601440E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4187636705218842E+0 + b = 0.2194384950137950E+0 + v = 0.1791247850802529E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4491449019883107E+0 + b = 0.2486155334763858E+0 + v = 0.1820954300877716E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4787270932425445E+0 + b = 0.2775768931812335E+0 + v = 0.1844788524548449E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5074315153055574E+0 + b = 0.3061863786591120E+0 + v = 0.1863409481706220E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5351810507738336E+0 + b = 0.3343144718152556E+0 + v = 0.1877433008795068E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5619001025975381E+0 + b = 0.3618362729028427E+0 + v = 0.1887444543705232E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5875144035268046E+0 + b = 0.3886297583620408E+0 + v = 0.1894009829375006E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6119507308734495E+0 + b = 0.4145742277792031E+0 + v = 0.1897683345035198E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2619733870119463E+0 + b = 0.2540047186389353E-1 + v = 0.1517327037467653E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.2968149743237949E+0 + b = 0.5208107018543989E-1 + v = 0.1587740557483543E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3310451504860488E+0 + b = 0.7971828470885599E-1 + v = 0.1649093382274097E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3646215567376676E+0 + b = 0.1080465999177927E+0 + v = 0.1701915216193265E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3974916785279360E+0 + b = 0.1368413849366629E+0 + v = 0.1746847753144065E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4295967403772029E+0 + b = 0.1659073184763559E+0 + v = 0.1784555512007570E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4608742854473447E+0 + b = 0.1950703730454614E+0 + v = 0.1815687562112174E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4912598858949903E+0 + b = 0.2241721144376724E+0 + v = 0.1840864370663302E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5206882758945558E+0 + b = 0.2530655255406489E+0 + v = 0.1860676785390006E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5490940914019819E+0 + b = 0.2816118409731066E+0 + v = 0.1875690583743703E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5764123302025542E+0 + b = 0.3096780504593238E+0 + v = 0.1886453236347225E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6025786004213506E+0 + b = 0.3371348366394987E+0 + v = 0.1893501123329645E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6275291964794956E+0 + b = 0.3638547827694396E+0 + v = 0.1897366184519868E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3348189479861771E+0 + b = 0.2664841935537443E-1 + v = 0.1643908815152736E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.3699515545855295E+0 + b = 0.5424000066843495E-1 + v = 0.1696300350907768E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4042003071474669E+0 + b = 0.8251992715430854E-1 + v = 0.1741553103844483E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4375320100182624E+0 + b = 0.1112695182483710E+0 + v = 0.1780015282386092E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4699054490335947E+0 + b = 0.1402964116467816E+0 + v = 0.1812116787077125E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5012739879431952E+0 + b = 0.1694275117584291E+0 + v = 0.1838323158085421E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5315874883754966E+0 + b = 0.1985038235312689E+0 + v = 0.1859113119837737E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5607937109622117E+0 + b = 0.2273765660020893E+0 + v = 0.1874969220221698E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5888393223495521E+0 + b = 0.2559041492849764E+0 + v = 0.1886375612681076E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6156705979160163E+0 + b = 0.2839497251976899E+0 + v = 0.1893819575809276E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6412338809078123E+0 + b = 0.3113791060500690E+0 + v = 0.1897794748256767E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4076051259257167E+0 + b = 0.2757792290858463E-1 + v = 0.1738963926584846E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4423788125791520E+0 + b = 0.5584136834984293E-1 + v = 0.1777442359873466E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4760480917328258E+0 + b = 0.8457772087727143E-1 + v = 0.1810010815068719E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5085838725946297E+0 + b = 0.1135975846359248E+0 + v = 0.1836920318248129E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5399513637391218E+0 + b = 0.1427286904765053E+0 + v = 0.1858489473214328E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5701118433636380E+0 + b = 0.1718112740057635E+0 + v = 0.1875079342496592E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5990240530606021E+0 + b = 0.2006944855985351E+0 + v = 0.1887080239102310E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6266452685139695E+0 + b = 0.2292335090598907E+0 + v = 0.1894905752176822E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6529320971415942E+0 + b = 0.2572871512353714E+0 + v = 0.1898991061200695E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.4791583834610126E+0 + b = 0.2826094197735932E-1 + v = 0.1809065016458791E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5130373952796940E+0 + b = 0.5699871359683649E-1 + v = 0.1836297121596799E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5456252429628476E+0 + b = 0.8602712528554394E-1 + v = 0.1858426916241869E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5768956329682385E+0 + b = 0.1151748137221281E+0 + v = 0.1875654101134641E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6068186944699046E+0 + b = 0.1442811654136362E+0 + v = 0.1888240751833503E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6353622248024907E+0 + b = 0.1731930321657680E+0 + v = 0.1896497383866979E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6624927035731797E+0 + b = 0.2017619958756061E+0 + v = 0.1900775530219121E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5484933508028488E+0 + b = 0.2874219755907391E-1 + v = 0.1858525041478814E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.5810207682142106E+0 + b = 0.5778312123713695E-1 + v = 0.1876248690077947E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6120955197181352E+0 + b = 0.8695262371439526E-1 + v = 0.1889404439064607E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6416944284294319E+0 + b = 0.1160893767057166E+0 + v = 0.1898168539265290E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6697926391731260E+0 + b = 0.1450378826743251E+0 + v = 0.1902779940661772E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6147594390585488E+0 + b = 0.2904957622341456E-1 + v = 0.1890125641731815E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6455390026356783E+0 + b = 0.5823809152617197E-1 + v = 0.1899434637795751E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6747258588365477E+0 + b = 0.8740384899884715E-1 + v = 0.1904520856831751E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + a = 0.6772135750395347E+0 + b = 0.2919946135808105E-1 + v = 0.1905534498734563E-3 + leb_tmp, start = get_lebedev_recurrence_points(6, start, a, b, v, leb_tmp) + + case _: + raise Exception('Angular grid unrecognized, choices are 6, 14, 26, 38, 50, 74, 86, 110, 146, 170, 194, 230, 266, 302, 350, 434, 590, 770, 974, 1202, 1454, 1730, 2030, 2354, 2702, 3074, 3470, 3890, 4334, 4802, 5294, 5810') # noqa: E501 + + leb_tmp.n = degree + return leb_tmp + + +def get_lebedev_recurrence_points(type_, start, a, b, v, leb): + c = 0.0 + + match type_: + + case 1: + a = 1.0 + + leb.x[start] = a + leb.y[start] = 0.0 + leb.z[start] = 0.0 + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = -a + leb.y[start + 1] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 1] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 2] = a + leb.z[start + 2] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 3] = -a + leb.z[start + 3] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 4] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 4] = a + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 5] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 5] = -a + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 6 + + case 2: + a = sqrt(0.5) + leb.x[start] = 0.0 + leb.y[start] = a + leb.z[start] = a + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 1] = -a + leb.z[start + 1] = a + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 2] = a + leb.z[start + 2] = -a + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 3] = -a + leb.z[start + 3] = -a + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = a + leb.y[start + 4] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 4] = a + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = a + leb.y[start + 5] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 5] = -a + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 6] = -a + leb.y[start + 6] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 6] = a + leb.w[start + 6] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 7] = -a + leb.y[start + 7] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 7] = -a + leb.w[start + 7] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 8] = a + leb.y[start + 8] = a + leb.z[start + 8] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 8] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 9] = -a + leb.y[start + 9] = a + leb.z[start + 9] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 9] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 10] = a + leb.y[start + 10] = -a + leb.z[start + 10] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 10] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 11] = -a + leb.y[start + 11] = -a + leb.z[start + 11] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 11] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 12 + + case 3: + a = sqrt(1.0 / 3.0) + leb.x[start] = a + leb.y[start] = a + leb.z[start] = a + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = -a + leb.y[start + 1] = a + leb.z[start + 1] = a + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = a + leb.y[start + 2] = -a + leb.z[start + 2] = a + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = a + leb.y[start + 3] = a + leb.z[start + 3] = -a + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = -a + leb.y[start + 4] = -a + leb.z[start + 4] = a + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = a + leb.y[start + 5] = -a + leb.z[start + 5] = -a + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 6] = -a + leb.y[start + 6] = a + leb.z[start + 6] = -a + leb.w[start + 6] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 7] = -a + leb.y[start + 7] = -a + leb.z[start + 7] = -a + leb.w[start + 7] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 8 + + case 4: + # /* In this case A is inputed */ + b = sqrt(1.0 - 2.0 * a * a) + leb.x[start] = a + leb.y[start] = a + leb.z[start] = b + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = -a + leb.y[start + 1] = a + leb.z[start + 1] = b + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = a + leb.y[start + 2] = -a + leb.z[start + 2] = b + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = a + leb.y[start + 3] = a + leb.z[start + 3] = -b + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = -a + leb.y[start + 4] = -a + leb.z[start + 4] = b + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = -a + leb.y[start + 5] = a + leb.z[start + 5] = -b + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 6] = a + leb.y[start + 6] = -a + leb.z[start + 6] = -b + leb.w[start + 6] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 7] = -a + leb.y[start + 7] = -a + leb.z[start + 7] = -b + leb.w[start + 7] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 8] = -a + leb.y[start + 8] = b + leb.z[start + 8] = a + leb.w[start + 8] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 9] = a + leb.y[start + 9] = -b + leb.z[start + 9] = a + leb.w[start + 9] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 10] = a + leb.y[start + 10] = b + leb.z[start + 10] = -a + leb.w[start + 10] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 11] = -a + leb.y[start + 11] = -b + leb.z[start + 11] = a + leb.w[start + 11] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 12] = -a + leb.y[start + 12] = b + leb.z[start + 12] = -a + leb.w[start + 12] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 13] = a + leb.y[start + 13] = -b + leb.z[start + 13] = -a + leb.w[start + 13] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 14] = -a + leb.y[start + 14] = -b + leb.z[start + 14] = -a + leb.w[start + 14] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 15] = a + leb.y[start + 15] = b + leb.z[start + 15] = a + leb.w[start + 15] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 16] = b + leb.y[start + 16] = a + leb.z[start + 16] = a + leb.w[start + 16] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 17] = -b + leb.y[start + 17] = a + leb.z[start + 17] = a + leb.w[start + 17] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 18] = b + leb.y[start + 18] = -a + leb.z[start + 18] = a + leb.w[start + 18] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 19] = b + leb.y[start + 19] = a + leb.z[start + 19] = -a + leb.w[start + 19] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 20] = -b + leb.y[start + 20] = -a + leb.z[start + 20] = a + leb.w[start + 20] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 21] = -b + leb.y[start + 21] = a + leb.z[start + 21] = -a + leb.w[start + 21] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 22] = b + leb.y[start + 22] = -a + leb.z[start + 22] = -a + leb.w[start + 22] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 23] = -b + leb.y[start + 23] = -a + leb.z[start + 23] = -a + leb.w[start + 23] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 24 + + case 5: + # /* A is inputed in this case as well*/ + b = sqrt(1 - a * a) + leb.x[start] = a + leb.y[start] = b + leb.z[start] = 0.0 + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = -a + leb.y[start + 1] = b + leb.z[start + 1] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = a + leb.y[start + 2] = -b + leb.z[start + 2] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = -a + leb.y[start + 3] = -b + leb.z[start + 3] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = b + leb.y[start + 4] = a + leb.z[start + 4] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = -b + leb.y[start + 5] = a + leb.z[start + 5] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 6] = b + leb.y[start + 6] = -a + leb.z[start + 6] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 6] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 7] = -b + leb.y[start + 7] = -a + leb.z[start + 7] = 0.0 + leb.w[start + 7] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 8] = a + leb.y[start + 8] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 8] = b + leb.w[start + 8] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 9] = -a + leb.y[start + 9] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 9] = b + leb.w[start + 9] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 10] = a + leb.y[start + 10] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 10] = -b + leb.w[start + 10] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 11] = -a + leb.y[start + 11] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 11] = -b + leb.w[start + 11] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 12] = b + leb.y[start + 12] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 12] = a + leb.w[start + 12] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 13] = -b + leb.y[start + 13] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 13] = a + leb.w[start + 13] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 14] = b + leb.y[start + 14] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 14] = -a + leb.w[start + 14] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 15] = -b + leb.y[start + 15] = 0.0 + leb.z[start + 15] = -a + leb.w[start + 15] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 16] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 16] = a + leb.z[start + 16] = b + leb.w[start + 16] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 17] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 17] = -a + leb.z[start + 17] = b + leb.w[start + 17] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 18] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 18] = a + leb.z[start + 18] = -b + leb.w[start + 18] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 19] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 19] = -a + leb.z[start + 19] = -b + leb.w[start + 19] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 20] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 20] = b + leb.z[start + 20] = a + leb.w[start + 20] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 21] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 21] = -b + leb.z[start + 21] = a + leb.w[start + 21] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 22] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 22] = b + leb.z[start + 22] = -a + leb.w[start + 22] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 23] = 0.0 + leb.y[start + 23] = -b + leb.z[start + 23] = -a + leb.w[start + 23] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 24 + + case 6: + # /* both A and B are inputed in this case */ + c = sqrt(1.0 - a * a - b * b) + leb.x[start] = a + leb.y[start] = b + leb.z[start] = c + leb.w[start] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 1] = -a + leb.y[start + 1] = b + leb.z[start + 1] = c + leb.w[start + 1] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 2] = a + leb.y[start + 2] = -b + leb.z[start + 2] = c + leb.w[start + 2] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 3] = a + leb.y[start + 3] = b + leb.z[start + 3] = -c + leb.w[start + 3] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 4] = -a + leb.y[start + 4] = -b + leb.z[start + 4] = c + leb.w[start + 4] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 5] = a + leb.y[start + 5] = -b + leb.z[start + 5] = -c + leb.w[start + 5] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 6] = -a + leb.y[start + 6] = b + leb.z[start + 6] = -c + leb.w[start + 6] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 7] = -a + leb.y[start + 7] = -b + leb.z[start + 7] = -c + leb.w[start + 7] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 8] = b + leb.y[start + 8] = a + leb.z[start + 8] = c + leb.w[start + 8] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 9] = -b + leb.y[start + 9] = a + leb.z[start + 9] = c + leb.w[start + 9] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 10] = b + leb.y[start + 10] = -a + leb.z[start + 10] = c + leb.w[start + 10] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 11] = b + leb.y[start + 11] = a + leb.z[start + 11] = -c + leb.w[start + 11] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 12] = -b + leb.y[start + 12] = -a + leb.z[start + 12] = c + leb.w[start + 12] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 13] = b + leb.y[start + 13] = -a + leb.z[start + 13] = -c + leb.w[start + 13] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 14] = -b + leb.y[start + 14] = a + leb.z[start + 14] = -c + leb.w[start + 14] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 15] = -b + leb.y[start + 15] = -a + leb.z[start + 15] = -c + leb.w[start + 15] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 16] = c + leb.y[start + 16] = a + leb.z[start + 16] = b + leb.w[start + 16] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 17] = -c + leb.y[start + 17] = a + leb.z[start + 17] = b + leb.w[start + 17] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 18] = c + leb.y[start + 18] = -a + leb.z[start + 18] = b + leb.w[start + 18] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 19] = c + leb.y[start + 19] = a + leb.z[start + 19] = -b + leb.w[start + 19] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 20] = -c + leb.y[start + 20] = -a + leb.z[start + 20] = b + leb.w[start + 20] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 21] = c + leb.y[start + 21] = -a + leb.z[start + 21] = -b + leb.w[start + 21] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 22] = -c + leb.y[start + 22] = a + leb.z[start + 22] = -b + leb.w[start + 22] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 23] = -c + leb.y[start + 23] = -a + leb.z[start + 23] = -b + leb.w[start + 23] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 24] = c + leb.y[start + 24] = b + leb.z[start + 24] = a + leb.w[start + 24] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 25] = -c + leb.y[start + 25] = b + leb.z[start + 25] = a + leb.w[start + 25] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 26] = c + leb.y[start + 26] = -b + leb.z[start + 26] = a + leb.w[start + 26] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 27] = c + leb.y[start + 27] = b + leb.z[start + 27] = -a + leb.w[start + 27] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 28] = -c + leb.y[start + 28] = -b + leb.z[start + 28] = a + leb.w[start + 28] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 29] = c + leb.y[start + 29] = -b + leb.z[start + 29] = -a + leb.w[start + 29] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 30] = -c + leb.y[start + 30] = b + leb.z[start + 30] = -a + leb.w[start + 30] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 31] = -c + leb.y[start + 31] = -b + leb.z[start + 31] = -a + leb.w[start + 31] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 32] = a + leb.y[start + 32] = c + leb.z[start + 32] = b + leb.w[start + 32] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 33] = -a + leb.y[start + 33] = c + leb.z[start + 33] = b + leb.w[start + 33] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 34] = a + leb.y[start + 34] = -c + leb.z[start + 34] = b + leb.w[start + 34] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 35] = a + leb.y[start + 35] = c + leb.z[start + 35] = -b + leb.w[start + 35] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 36] = -a + leb.y[start + 36] = -c + leb.z[start + 36] = b + leb.w[start + 36] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 37] = a + leb.y[start + 37] = -c + leb.z[start + 37] = -b + leb.w[start + 37] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 38] = -a + leb.y[start + 38] = c + leb.z[start + 38] = -b + leb.w[start + 38] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 39] = -a + leb.y[start + 39] = -c + leb.z[start + 39] = -b + leb.w[start + 39] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 40] = b + leb.y[start + 40] = c + leb.z[start + 40] = a + leb.w[start + 40] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 41] = -b + leb.y[start + 41] = c + leb.z[start + 41] = a + leb.w[start + 41] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 42] = b + leb.y[start + 42] = -c + leb.z[start + 42] = a + leb.w[start + 42] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 43] = b + leb.y[start + 43] = c + leb.z[start + 43] = -a + leb.w[start + 43] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 44] = -b + leb.y[start + 44] = -c + leb.z[start + 44] = a + leb.w[start + 44] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 45] = b + leb.y[start + 45] = -c + leb.z[start + 45] = -a + leb.w[start + 45] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 46] = -b + leb.y[start + 46] = c + leb.z[start + 46] = -a + leb.w[start + 46] = 4.0 * pi * v + + leb.x[start + 47] = -b + leb.y[start + 47] = -c + leb.z[start + 47] = -a + leb.w[start + 47] = 4.0 * pi * v + start = start + 48 + + case _: + raise Exception('Bad grid order') + + return leb, start + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def lebedev_rule(n): + r"""Lebedev quadrature. + + Compute the sample points and weights for Lebedev quadrature [1]_ + for integration of a function over the surface of a unit sphere. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + Quadrature order. See Notes for supported values. + + Returns + ------- + x : ndarray of shape ``(3, m)`` + Sample points on the unit sphere in Cartesian coordinates. + ``m`` is the "degree" corresponding with the specified order; see Notes. + w : ndarray of shape ``(m,)`` + Weights + + Notes + ----- + Implemented by translating the Matlab code of [2]_ to Python. + + The available orders (argument `n`) are:: + + 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, + 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35, + 41, 47, 53, 59, 65, 71, 77, 83, + 89, 95, 101, 107, 113, 119, 125, 131 + + The corresponding degrees ``m`` are:: + + 6, 14, 26, 38, 50, 74, 86, 110, + 146, 170, 194, 230, 266, 302, 350, 434, + 590, 770, 974, 1202, 1454, 1730, 2030, 2354, + 2702, 3074, 3470, 3890, 4334, 4802, 5294, 5810 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] V.I. Lebedev, and D.N. Laikov. "A quadrature formula for the sphere of + the 131st algebraic order of accuracy". Doklady Mathematics, Vol. 59, + No. 3, 1999, pp. 477-481. + .. [2] R. Parrish. ``getLebedevSphere``. Matlab Central File Exchange. + https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/27097-getlebedevsphere. + .. [3] Bellet, Jean-Baptiste, Matthieu Brachet, and Jean-Pierre Croisille. + "Quadrature and symmetry on the Cubed Sphere." Journal of Computational and + Applied Mathematics 409 (2022): 114142. :doi:`10.1016/j.cam.2022.114142`. + + Examples + -------- + An example given in [3]_ is integration of :math:`f(x, y, z) = \exp(x)` over a + sphere of radius :math:`1`; the reference there is ``14.7680137457653``. + Show the convergence to the expected result as the order increases: + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import lebedev_rule + >>> + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.exp(x[0]) + >>> + >>> res = [] + >>> orders = np.arange(3, 20, 2) + >>> for n in orders: + ... x, w = lebedev_rule(n) + ... res.append(w @ f(x)) + >>> + >>> ref = np.full_like(res, 14.7680137457653) + >>> err = abs(res - ref)/abs(ref) + >>> plt.semilogy(orders, err) + >>> plt.xlabel('order $n$') + >>> plt.ylabel('relative error') + >>> plt.title(r'Convergence for $f(x, y, z) = \exp(x)$') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + degree = [6, 14, 26, 38, 50, 74, 86, 110, 146, 170, 194, 230, 266, 302, 350, + 434, 590, 770, 974, 1202, 1454, 1730, 2030, 2354, 2702, 3074, 3470, + 3890, 4334, 4802, 5294, 5810] + order = [3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35, 41, 47, + 53, 59, 65, 71, 77, 83, 89, 95, 101, 107, 113, 119, 125, 131] + order_degree_map = dict(zip(order, degree)) + + if n not in order_degree_map: + message = f"Order {n=} not available. Available orders are {order}." + raise NotImplementedError(message) + + degree = order_degree_map[n] + res = get_lebedev_sphere(degree) + x = np.stack((res.x, res.y, res.z)) + w = res.w + + return x, w diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ode.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ode.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0841c87d9ef87dd2f1642061e7eee85f8525cc07 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_ode.py @@ -0,0 +1,1409 @@ +# Authors: Pearu Peterson, Pauli Virtanen, John Travers +""" +First-order ODE integrators. + +User-friendly interface to various numerical integrators for solving a +system of first order ODEs with prescribed initial conditions:: + + d y(t)[i] + --------- = f(t,y(t))[i], + d t + + y(t=0)[i] = y0[i], + +where:: + + i = 0, ..., len(y0) - 1 + +class ode +--------- + +A generic interface class to numeric integrators. It has the following +methods:: + + integrator = ode(f, jac=None) + integrator = integrator.set_integrator(name, **params) + integrator = integrator.set_initial_value(y0, t0=0.0) + integrator = integrator.set_f_params(*args) + integrator = integrator.set_jac_params(*args) + y1 = integrator.integrate(t1, step=False, relax=False) + flag = integrator.successful() + +class complex_ode +----------------- + +This class has the same generic interface as ode, except it can handle complex +f, y and Jacobians by transparently translating them into the equivalent +real-valued system. It supports the real-valued solvers (i.e., not zvode) and is +an alternative to ode with the zvode solver, sometimes performing better. +""" +# XXX: Integrators must have: +# =========================== +# cvode - C version of vode and vodpk with many improvements. +# Get it from http://www.netlib.org/ode/cvode.tar.gz. +# To wrap cvode to Python, one must write the extension module by +# hand. Its interface is too much 'advanced C' that using f2py +# would be too complicated (or impossible). +# +# How to define a new integrator: +# =============================== +# +# class myodeint(IntegratorBase): +# +# runner = or None +# +# def __init__(self,...): # required +# +# +# def reset(self,n,has_jac): # optional +# # n - the size of the problem (number of equations) +# # has_jac - whether user has supplied its own routine for Jacobian +# +# +# def run(self,f,jac,y0,t0,t1,f_params,jac_params): # required +# # this method is called to integrate from t=t0 to t=t1 +# # with initial condition y0. f and jac are user-supplied functions +# # that define the problem. f_params,jac_params are additional +# # arguments +# # to these functions. +# +# if : +# self.success = 0 +# return t1,y1 +# +# # In addition, one can define step() and run_relax() methods (they +# # take the same arguments as run()) if the integrator can support +# # these features (see IntegratorBase doc strings). +# +# if myodeint.runner: +# IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(myodeint) + +__all__ = ['ode', 'complex_ode'] + +import re +import types +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy import asarray, array, zeros, isscalar, real, imag + +from . import _vode +from . import _dop +from ._odepack import lsoda as lsoda_step + + +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# User interface +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +class ode: + """ + A generic interface class to numeric integrators. + + Solve an equation system :math:`y'(t) = f(t,y)` with (optional) ``jac = df/dy``. + + *Note*: The first two arguments of ``f(t, y, ...)`` are in the + opposite order of the arguments in the system definition function used + by `scipy.integrate.odeint`. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable ``f(t, y, *f_args)`` + Right-hand side of the differential equation. t is a scalar, + ``y.shape == (n,)``. + ``f_args`` is set by calling ``set_f_params(*args)``. + `f` should return a scalar, array or list (not a tuple). + jac : callable ``jac(t, y, *jac_args)``, optional + Jacobian of the right-hand side, ``jac[i,j] = d f[i] / d y[j]``. + ``jac_args`` is set by calling ``set_jac_params(*args)``. + + Attributes + ---------- + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current variable values. + + See also + -------- + odeint : an integrator with a simpler interface based on lsoda from ODEPACK + quad : for finding the area under a curve + + Notes + ----- + Available integrators are listed below. They can be selected using + the `set_integrator` method. + + "vode" + + Real-valued Variable-coefficient Ordinary Differential Equation + solver, with fixed-leading-coefficient implementation. It provides + implicit Adams method (for non-stiff problems) and a method based on + backward differentiation formulas (BDF) (for stiff problems). + + Source: http://www.netlib.org/ode/vode.f + + This integrator accepts the following parameters in `set_integrator` + method of the `ode` class: + + - atol : float or sequence + absolute tolerance for solution + - rtol : float or sequence + relative tolerance for solution + - lband : None or int + - uband : None or int + Jacobian band width, jac[i,j] != 0 for i-lband <= j <= i+uband. + Setting these requires your jac routine to return the jacobian + in packed format, jac_packed[i-j+uband, j] = jac[i,j]. The + dimension of the matrix must be (lband+uband+1, len(y)). + - method: 'adams' or 'bdf' + Which solver to use, Adams (non-stiff) or BDF (stiff) + - with_jacobian : bool + This option is only considered when the user has not supplied a + Jacobian function and has not indicated (by setting either band) + that the Jacobian is banded. In this case, `with_jacobian` specifies + whether the iteration method of the ODE solver's correction step is + chord iteration with an internally generated full Jacobian or + functional iteration with no Jacobian. + - nsteps : int + Maximum number of (internally defined) steps allowed during one + call to the solver. + - first_step : float + - min_step : float + - max_step : float + Limits for the step sizes used by the integrator. + - order : int + Maximum order used by the integrator, + order <= 12 for Adams, <= 5 for BDF. + + "zvode" + + Complex-valued Variable-coefficient Ordinary Differential Equation + solver, with fixed-leading-coefficient implementation. It provides + implicit Adams method (for non-stiff problems) and a method based on + backward differentiation formulas (BDF) (for stiff problems). + + Source: http://www.netlib.org/ode/zvode.f + + This integrator accepts the same parameters in `set_integrator` + as the "vode" solver. + + .. note:: + + When using ZVODE for a stiff system, it should only be used for + the case in which the function f is analytic, that is, when each f(i) + is an analytic function of each y(j). Analyticity means that the + partial derivative df(i)/dy(j) is a unique complex number, and this + fact is critical in the way ZVODE solves the dense or banded linear + systems that arise in the stiff case. For a complex stiff ODE system + in which f is not analytic, ZVODE is likely to have convergence + failures, and for this problem one should instead use DVODE on the + equivalent real system (in the real and imaginary parts of y). + + "lsoda" + + Real-valued Variable-coefficient Ordinary Differential Equation + solver, with fixed-leading-coefficient implementation. It provides + automatic method switching between implicit Adams method (for non-stiff + problems) and a method based on backward differentiation formulas (BDF) + (for stiff problems). + + This integrator uses the C translation of the original Fortran 77 ODEPACK + library, which can be found at http://www.netlib.org/odepack + + This integrator accepts the following parameters in `set_integrator` + method of the `ode` class: + + - atol : float or sequence + absolute tolerance for solution + - rtol : float or sequence + relative tolerance for solution + - lband : None or int + - uband : None or int + Jacobian band width, jac[i,j] != 0 for i-lband <= j <= i+uband. + Setting these requires your jac routine to return the jacobian + in packed format, jac_packed[i-j+uband, j] = jac[i,j]. + - with_jacobian : bool + *Not used.* + - nsteps : int + Maximum number of (internally defined) steps allowed during one + call to the solver. + - first_step : float + - min_step : float + - max_step : float + Limits for the step sizes used by the integrator. + - max_order_ns : int + Maximum order used in the nonstiff case (default 12). + - max_order_s : int + Maximum order used in the stiff case (default 5). + - max_hnil : int + Maximum number of messages reporting too small step size (t + h = t) + (default 0) + - ixpr : int + Whether to generate extra printing at method switches (default False). + + "dopri5" + + This is an explicit runge-kutta method of order (4)5 due to Dormand & + Prince (with stepsize control and dense output). + + Authors: + + E. Hairer and G. Wanner + Universite de Geneve, Dept. de Mathematiques + CH-1211 Geneve 24, Switzerland + e-mail: ernst.hairer@math.unige.ch, gerhard.wanner@math.unige.ch + + This code is described in [HNW93]_. + + This integrator accepts the following parameters in set_integrator() + method of the ode class: + + - atol : float or sequence + absolute tolerance for solution + - rtol : float or sequence + relative tolerance for solution + - nsteps : int + Maximum number of (internally defined) steps allowed during one + call to the solver. + - first_step : float + - max_step : float + - safety : float + Safety factor on new step selection (default 0.9) + - ifactor : float + - dfactor : float + Maximum factor to increase/decrease step size by in one step + - beta : float + Beta parameter for stabilised step size control. + - verbosity : int + Switch for printing messages (< 0 for no messages). + + "dop853" + + This is an explicit runge-kutta method of order 8(5,3) due to Dormand + & Prince (with stepsize control and dense output). + + Options and references the same as "dopri5". + + Examples + -------- + + A problem to integrate and the corresponding jacobian: + + >>> from scipy.integrate import ode + >>> + >>> y0, t0 = [1.0j, 2.0], 0 + >>> + >>> def f(t, y, arg1): + ... return [1j*arg1*y[0] + y[1], -arg1*y[1]**2] + >>> def jac(t, y, arg1): + ... return [[1j*arg1, 1], [0, -arg1*2*y[1]]] + + The integration: + + >>> r = ode(f, jac).set_integrator('zvode', method='bdf') + >>> r.set_initial_value(y0, t0).set_f_params(2.0).set_jac_params(2.0) + >>> t1 = 10 + >>> dt = 1 + >>> while r.successful() and r.t < t1: + ... print(r.t+dt, r.integrate(r.t+dt)) + 1 [-0.71038232+0.23749653j 0.40000271+0.j ] + 2.0 [0.19098503-0.52359246j 0.22222356+0.j ] + 3.0 [0.47153208+0.52701229j 0.15384681+0.j ] + 4.0 [-0.61905937+0.30726255j 0.11764744+0.j ] + 5.0 [0.02340997-0.61418799j 0.09523835+0.j ] + 6.0 [0.58643071+0.339819j 0.08000018+0.j ] + 7.0 [-0.52070105+0.44525141j 0.06896565+0.j ] + 8.0 [-0.15986733-0.61234476j 0.06060616+0.j ] + 9.0 [0.64850462+0.15048982j 0.05405414+0.j ] + 10.0 [-0.38404699+0.56382299j 0.04878055+0.j ] + + References + ---------- + .. [HNW93] E. Hairer, S.P. Norsett and G. Wanner, Solving Ordinary + Differential Equations i. Nonstiff Problems. 2nd edition. + Springer Series in Computational Mathematics, + Springer-Verlag (1993) + + """ + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(types.GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, f, jac=None): + self.stiff = 0 + self.f = f + self.jac = jac + self.f_params = () + self.jac_params = () + self._y = [] + + @property + def y(self): + return self._y + + def set_initial_value(self, y, t=0.0): + """Set initial conditions y(t) = y.""" + if isscalar(y): + y = [y] + n_prev = len(self._y) + if not n_prev: + self.set_integrator('') # find first available integrator + # NOTE: The C code modifies y in place, hence the copy. + self._y = asarray(y, self._integrator.scalar).copy() + self.t = t + self._integrator.reset(len(self._y), self.jac is not None) + return self + + def set_integrator(self, name, **integrator_params): + """ + Set integrator by name. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the integrator. + **integrator_params + Additional parameters for the integrator. + """ + integrator = find_integrator(name) + if integrator is None: + # FIXME: this really should be raise an exception. Will that break + # any code? + message = f'No integrator name match with {name!r} or is not available.' + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=2) + else: + self._integrator = integrator(**integrator_params) + if not len(self._y): + self.t = 0.0 + self._y = array([0.0], self._integrator.scalar) + self._integrator.reset(len(self._y), self.jac is not None) + return self + + def integrate(self, t, step=False, relax=False): + """Find y=y(t), set y as an initial condition, and return y. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : float + The endpoint of the integration step. + step : bool + If True, and if the integrator supports the step method, + then perform a single integration step and return. + This parameter is provided in order to expose internals of + the implementation, and should not be changed from its default + value in most cases. + relax : bool + If True and if the integrator supports the run_relax method, + then integrate until t_1 >= t and return. ``relax`` is not + referenced if ``step=True``. + This parameter is provided in order to expose internals of + the implementation, and should not be changed from its default + value in most cases. + + Returns + ------- + y : float + The integrated value at t + """ + if step and self._integrator.supports_step: + mth = self._integrator.step + elif relax and self._integrator.supports_run_relax: + mth = self._integrator.run_relax + else: + mth = self._integrator.run + + try: + self._y, self.t = mth(self.f, self.jac or (lambda: None), + self._y, self.t, t, + self.f_params, self.jac_params) + except SystemError as e: + # f2py issue with tuple returns, see ticket 1187. + raise ValueError( + 'Function to integrate must not return a tuple.' + ) from e + + return self._y + + def successful(self): + """Check if integration was successful.""" + try: + self._integrator + except AttributeError: + self.set_integrator('') + return self._integrator.success == 1 + + def get_return_code(self): + """Extracts the return code for the integration to enable better control + if the integration fails. + + In general, a return code > 0 implies success, while a return code < 0 + implies failure. + + Notes + ----- + This section describes possible return codes and their meaning, for available + integrators that can be selected by `set_integrator` method. + + "vode" + + =========== ======= + Return Code Message + =========== ======= + 2 Integration successful. + -1 Excess work done on this call. (Perhaps wrong MF.) + -2 Excess accuracy requested. (Tolerances too small.) + -3 Illegal input detected. (See printed message.) + -4 Repeated error test failures. (Check all input.) + -5 Repeated convergence failures. (Perhaps bad Jacobian + supplied or wrong choice of MF or tolerances.) + -6 Error weight became zero during problem. (Solution + component i vanished, and ATOL or ATOL(i) = 0.) + =========== ======= + + "zvode" + + =========== ======= + Return Code Message + =========== ======= + 2 Integration successful. + -1 Excess work done on this call. (Perhaps wrong MF.) + -2 Excess accuracy requested. (Tolerances too small.) + -3 Illegal input detected. (See printed message.) + -4 Repeated error test failures. (Check all input.) + -5 Repeated convergence failures. (Perhaps bad Jacobian + supplied or wrong choice of MF or tolerances.) + -6 Error weight became zero during problem. (Solution + component i vanished, and ATOL or ATOL(i) = 0.) + =========== ======= + + "dopri5" + + =========== ======= + Return Code Message + =========== ======= + 1 Integration successful. + 2 Integration successful (interrupted by solout). + -1 Input is not consistent. + -2 Larger nsteps is needed. + -3 Step size becomes too small. + -4 Problem is probably stiff (interrupted). + =========== ======= + + "dop853" + + =========== ======= + Return Code Message + =========== ======= + 1 Integration successful. + 2 Integration successful (interrupted by solout). + -1 Input is not consistent. + -2 Larger nsteps is needed. + -3 Step size becomes too small. + -4 Problem is probably stiff (interrupted). + =========== ======= + + "lsoda" + + =========== ======= + Return Code Message + =========== ======= + 2 Integration successful. + -1 Excess work done on this call (perhaps wrong Dfun type). + -2 Excess accuracy requested (tolerances too small). + -3 Illegal input detected (internal error). + -4 Repeated error test failures (internal error). + -5 Repeated convergence failures (perhaps bad Jacobian or tolerances). + -6 Error weight became zero during problem. + -7 Internal workspace insufficient to finish (internal error). + =========== ======= + """ + try: + self._integrator + except AttributeError: + self.set_integrator('') + return self._integrator.istate + + def set_f_params(self, *args): + """Set extra parameters for user-supplied function f.""" + self.f_params = args + return self + + def set_jac_params(self, *args): + """Set extra parameters for user-supplied function jac.""" + self.jac_params = args + return self + + def set_solout(self, solout): + """ + Set callable to be called at every successful integration step. + + Parameters + ---------- + solout : callable + ``solout(t, y)`` is called at each internal integrator step, + t is a scalar providing the current independent position + y is the current solution ``y.shape == (n,)`` + solout should return -1 to stop integration + otherwise it should return None or 0 + + """ + if self._integrator.supports_solout: + self._integrator.set_solout(solout) + if self._y is not None: + self._integrator.reset(len(self._y), self.jac is not None) + else: + raise ValueError("selected integrator does not support solout," + " choose another one") + + +def _transform_banded_jac(bjac): + """ + Convert a real matrix of the form (for example) + + [0 0 A B] [0 0 0 B] + [0 0 C D] [0 0 A D] + [E F G H] to [0 F C H] + [I J K L] [E J G L] + [I 0 K 0] + + That is, every other column is shifted up one. + """ + # Shift every other column. + newjac = zeros((bjac.shape[0] + 1, bjac.shape[1])) + newjac[1:, ::2] = bjac[:, ::2] + newjac[:-1, 1::2] = bjac[:, 1::2] + return newjac + + +class complex_ode(ode): + """ + A wrapper of ode for complex systems. + + This functions similarly as `ode`, but re-maps a complex-valued + equation system to a real-valued one before using the integrators. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable ``f(t, y, *f_args)`` + Rhs of the equation. t is a scalar, ``y.shape == (n,)``. + ``f_args`` is set by calling ``set_f_params(*args)``. + jac : callable ``jac(t, y, *jac_args)`` + Jacobian of the rhs, ``jac[i,j] = d f[i] / d y[j]``. + ``jac_args`` is set by calling ``set_f_params(*args)``. + + Attributes + ---------- + t : float + Current time. + y : ndarray + Current variable values. + + Examples + -------- + For usage examples, see `ode`. + + """ + + def __init__(self, f, jac=None): + self.cf = f + self.cjac = jac + self.tmp_derivative = None # Work array for derivatives in _wrap + if jac is None: + ode.__init__(self, self._wrap, None) + else: + ode.__init__(self, self._wrap, self._wrap_jac) + + def _wrap(self, t, y, *f_args): + f = self.cf(*((t, y[::2] + 1j * y[1::2]) + f_args)) + # self.tmp_derivative is a real-valued array containing the interleaved + # real and imaginary parts of f (the derivative). + # IMPORTANT: Must NOT use self.tmp here, as it may alias with y! + self.tmp_derivative[::2] = real(f) + self.tmp_derivative[1::2] = imag(f) + return self.tmp_derivative + + def _wrap_jac(self, t, y, *jac_args): + # jac is the complex Jacobian computed by the user-defined function. + jac = self.cjac(*((t, y[::2] + 1j * y[1::2]) + jac_args)) + + # jac_tmp is the real version of the complex Jacobian. Each complex + # entry in jac, say 2+3j, becomes a 2x2 block of the form + # [2 -3] + # [3 2] + jac_tmp = zeros((2 * jac.shape[0], 2 * jac.shape[1])) + jac_tmp[1::2, 1::2] = jac_tmp[::2, ::2] = real(jac) + jac_tmp[1::2, ::2] = imag(jac) + jac_tmp[::2, 1::2] = -jac_tmp[1::2, ::2] + + ml = getattr(self._integrator, 'ml', None) + mu = getattr(self._integrator, 'mu', None) + if ml is not None or mu is not None: + # Jacobian is banded. The user's Jacobian function has computed + # the complex Jacobian in packed format. The corresponding + # real-valued version has every other column shifted up. + jac_tmp = _transform_banded_jac(jac_tmp) + + return jac_tmp + + @property + def y(self): + return self._y[::2] + 1j * self._y[1::2] + + def set_integrator(self, name, **integrator_params): + """ + Set integrator by name. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the integrator + **integrator_params + Additional parameters for the integrator. + """ + if name == 'zvode': + raise ValueError("zvode must be used with ode, not complex_ode") + + lband = integrator_params.get('lband') + uband = integrator_params.get('uband') + if lband is not None or uband is not None: + # The Jacobian is banded. Override the user-supplied bandwidths + # (which are for the complex Jacobian) with the bandwidths of + # the corresponding real-valued Jacobian wrapper of the complex + # Jacobian. + integrator_params['lband'] = 2 * (lband or 0) + 1 + integrator_params['uband'] = 2 * (uband or 0) + 1 + + return ode.set_integrator(self, name, **integrator_params) + + def set_initial_value(self, y, t=0.0): + """Set initial conditions y(t) = y.""" + y = asarray(y) + self.tmp = zeros(y.size * 2, 'float') + self.tmp[::2] = real(y) + self.tmp[1::2] = imag(y) + # Create separate work array for derivatives to avoid aliasing issues + self.tmp_derivative = zeros(y.size * 2, 'float') + return ode.set_initial_value(self, self.tmp, t) + + def integrate(self, t, step=False, relax=False): + """Find y=y(t), set y as an initial condition, and return y. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : float + The endpoint of the integration step. + step : bool + If True, and if the integrator supports the step method, + then perform a single integration step and return. + This parameter is provided in order to expose internals of + the implementation, and should not be changed from its default + value in most cases. + relax : bool + If True and if the integrator supports the run_relax method, + then integrate until t_1 >= t and return. ``relax`` is not + referenced if ``step=True``. + This parameter is provided in order to expose internals of + the implementation, and should not be changed from its default + value in most cases. + + Returns + ------- + y : float + The integrated value at t + """ + y = ode.integrate(self, t, step, relax) + return y[::2] + 1j * y[1::2] + + def set_solout(self, solout): + """ + Set callable to be called at every successful integration step. + + Parameters + ---------- + solout : callable + ``solout(t, y)`` is called at each internal integrator step, + t is a scalar providing the current independent position + y is the current solution ``y.shape == (n,)`` + solout should return -1 to stop integration + otherwise it should return None or 0 + + """ + if self._integrator.supports_solout: + self._integrator.set_solout(solout, complex=True) + else: + raise TypeError("selected integrator does not support solouta, " + "choose another one") + + +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# ODE integrators +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +def find_integrator(name): + for cl in IntegratorBase.integrator_classes: + if re.match(name, cl.__name__, re.I): + return cl + return None + + +class IntegratorConcurrencyError(RuntimeError): + """ + Failure due to concurrent usage of an integrator that can be used + only for a single problem at a time. + + """ + + def __init__(self, name): + msg = (f"Integrator `{name}` can be used to solve only a single problem " + "at a time. If you want to integrate multiple problems, " + "consider using a different integrator (see `ode.set_integrator`)") + RuntimeError.__init__(self, msg) + + +class IntegratorBase: + runner = None # runner is None => integrator is not available + success = None # success==1 if integrator was called successfully + istate = None # istate > 0 means success, istate < 0 means failure + supports_run_relax = None + supports_step = None + supports_solout = False + integrator_classes = [] + scalar = float + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(types.GenericAlias) + + def acquire_new_handle(self): + # Some of the integrators have internal state (ancient + # Fortran...), and so only one instance can use them at a time. + # We keep track of this, and fail when concurrent usage is tried. + self.__class__.active_global_handle += 1 + self.handle = self.__class__.active_global_handle + + def check_handle(self): + if self.handle is not self.__class__.active_global_handle: + raise IntegratorConcurrencyError(self.__class__.__name__) + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + """Prepare integrator for call: allocate memory, set flags, etc. + n - number of equations. + has_jac - if user has supplied function for evaluating Jacobian. + """ + + def run(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + """Integrate from t=t0 to t=t1 using y0 as an initial condition. + Return 2-tuple (y1,t1) where y1 is the result and t=t1 + defines the stoppage coordinate of the result. + """ + raise NotImplementedError('all integrators must define ' + 'run(f, jac, t0, t1, y0, f_params, jac_params)') + + def step(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + """Make one integration step and return (y1,t1).""" + raise NotImplementedError(f'{self.__class__.__name__} ' + 'does not support step() method') + + def run_relax(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + """Integrate from t=t0 to t>=t1 and return (y1,t).""" + raise NotImplementedError(f'{self.__class__.__name__} ' + 'does not support run_relax() method') + + # XXX: __str__ method for getting visual state of the integrator + + +class vode(IntegratorBase): + runner = getattr(_vode, 'dvode', None) + + messages = {-1: 'Excess work done on this call. (Perhaps wrong MF.)', + -2: 'Excess accuracy requested. (Tolerances too small.)', + -3: 'Illegal input detected. (See printed message.)', + -4: 'Repeated error test failures. (Check all input.)', + -5: 'Repeated convergence failures. (Perhaps bad' + ' Jacobian supplied or wrong choice of MF or tolerances.)', + -6: 'Error weight became zero during problem. (Solution' + ' component i vanished, and ATOL or ATOL(i) = 0.)' + } + supports_run_relax = 1 + supports_step = 1 + + def __init__(self, + method='adams', + with_jacobian=False, + rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-12, + lband=None, uband=None, + order=12, + nsteps=500, + max_step=0.0, # corresponds to infinite + min_step=0.0, + first_step=0.0, # determined by solver + ): + + if re.match(method, r'adams', re.I): + self.meth = 1 + elif re.match(method, r'bdf', re.I): + self.meth = 2 + else: + raise ValueError(f'Unknown integration method {method}') + self.with_jacobian = with_jacobian + self.rtol = rtol + self.atol = atol + self.mu = uband + self.ml = lband + + self.order = order + self.nsteps = nsteps + self.max_step = max_step + self.min_step = min_step + self.first_step = first_step + self.success = 1 + + # State persistence arrays for VODE internal state + # These retain the solver state between calls + self.state_doubles = zeros(51, dtype=np.float64) # VODE_STATE_DOUBLE_SIZE + self.state_ints = zeros(41, dtype=np.int32) # VODE_STATE_INT_SIZE + + def _determine_mf_and_set_bands(self, has_jac): + """ + Determine the `MF` parameter (Method Flag) for the Fortran subroutine `dvode`. + + In the Fortran code, the legal values of `MF` are: + 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, + -11, -12, -14, -15, -21, -22, -24, -25 + but this Python wrapper does not use negative values. + + Returns + + mf = 10*self.meth + miter + + self.meth is the linear multistep method: + self.meth == 1: method="adams" + self.meth == 2: method="bdf" + + miter is the correction iteration method: + miter == 0: Functional iteration; no Jacobian involved. + miter == 1: Chord iteration with user-supplied full Jacobian. + miter == 2: Chord iteration with internally computed full Jacobian. + miter == 3: Chord iteration with internally computed diagonal Jacobian. + miter == 4: Chord iteration with user-supplied banded Jacobian. + miter == 5: Chord iteration with internally computed banded Jacobian. + + Side effects: If either self.mu or self.ml is not None and the other is None, + then the one that is None is set to 0. + """ + + jac_is_banded = self.mu is not None or self.ml is not None + if jac_is_banded: + if self.mu is None: + self.mu = 0 + if self.ml is None: + self.ml = 0 + + # has_jac is True if the user provided a Jacobian function. + if has_jac: + if jac_is_banded: + miter = 4 + else: + miter = 1 + else: + if jac_is_banded: + if self.ml == self.mu == 0: + miter = 3 # Chord iteration with internal diagonal Jacobian. + else: + miter = 5 # Chord iteration with internal banded Jacobian. + else: + # self.with_jacobian is set by the user in + # the call to ode.set_integrator. + if self.with_jacobian: + miter = 2 # Chord iteration with internal full Jacobian. + else: + miter = 0 # Functional iteration; no Jacobian involved. + + mf = 10 * self.meth + miter + return mf + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + mf = self._determine_mf_and_set_bands(has_jac) + + if mf == 10: + lrw = 20 + 16 * n + elif mf in [11, 12]: + lrw = 22 + 16 * n + 2 * n * n + elif mf == 13: + lrw = 22 + 17 * n + elif mf in [14, 15]: + lrw = 22 + 18 * n + (3 * self.ml + 2 * self.mu) * n + elif mf == 20: + lrw = 20 + 9 * n + elif mf in [21, 22]: + lrw = 22 + 9 * n + 2 * n * n + elif mf == 23: + lrw = 22 + 10 * n + elif mf in [24, 25]: + lrw = 22 + 11 * n + (3 * self.ml + 2 * self.mu) * n + else: + raise ValueError(f'Unexpected mf={mf}') + + if mf % 10 in [0, 3]: + liw = 30 + else: + liw = 30 + n + + rwork = zeros((lrw,), float) + rwork[4] = self.first_step + rwork[5] = self.max_step + rwork[6] = self.min_step + self.rwork = rwork + + iwork = zeros((liw,), dtype=np.int32) + if self.ml is not None: + iwork[0] = self.ml + if self.mu is not None: + iwork[1] = self.mu + iwork[4] = self.order + iwork[5] = self.nsteps + iwork[6] = 2 # mxhnil + self.iwork = iwork + + self.call_args = [self.rtol, self.atol, 1, 1, + self.rwork, self.iwork, mf] + self.success = 1 + self.initialized = False + + # Zero state arrays on reset to avoid contamination from previous problems. + # State persistence works within a single integration (istate=2), but between + # different problems (different n etc.), state needs to be cleared. + self.state_doubles.fill(0.0) + self.state_ints.fill(0) + + + def run(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + # Note: For banded Jacobians, the user provides the compressed format + # (ml + mu + 1, n), and the C code handles padding to the expanded + # format (ml + 2*mu + 1, n) internally. No Python wrapper needed. + + # VODE C wrapper signature: + # dvode(f, jac, y0, t0, t1, rtol, atol, itask, istate, rwork, iwork, mf, + # f_params, jac_params, state_doubles, state_ints) + args = ((f, jac, y0, t0, t1) + tuple(self.call_args) + + (f_params, jac_params, self.state_doubles, self.state_ints)) + + y1, t, istate = self.runner(*args) + + self.istate = istate + if istate < 0: + unexpected_istate_msg = f'Unexpected istate={istate:d}' + warnings.warn(f'{self.__class__.__name__:s}: ' + f'{self.messages.get(istate, unexpected_istate_msg):s}', + stacklevel=2) + self.success = 0 + else: + self.call_args[3] = 2 # upgrade istate from 1 to 2 + self.istate = 2 + return y1, t + + def step(self, *args): + itask = self.call_args[2] + self.call_args[2] = 2 + r = self.run(*args) + self.call_args[2] = itask + return r + + def run_relax(self, *args): + itask = self.call_args[2] + self.call_args[2] = 3 + r = self.run(*args) + self.call_args[2] = itask + return r + + +if vode.runner is not None: + IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(vode) + + +class zvode(vode): + runner = getattr(_vode, 'zvode', None) + + supports_run_relax = 1 + supports_step = 1 + scalar = complex + + __class_getitem__ = None + + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): + super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) + # Override state array sizes for ZVODE (53 doubles vs 51 for VODE) + self.state_doubles = zeros(53, dtype=np.float64) # ZVODE_STATE_DOUBLE_SIZE + self.state_ints = zeros(41, dtype=np.int32) # ZVODE_STATE_INT_SIZE + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + mf = self._determine_mf_and_set_bands(has_jac) + + if mf in (10,): + lzw = 15 * n + elif mf in (11, 12): + lzw = 15 * n + 2 * n ** 2 + elif mf in (-11, -12): + lzw = 15 * n + n ** 2 + elif mf in (13,): + lzw = 16 * n + elif mf in (14, 15): + lzw = 17 * n + (3 * self.ml + 2 * self.mu) * n + elif mf in (-14, -15): + lzw = 16 * n + (2 * self.ml + self.mu) * n + elif mf in (20,): + lzw = 8 * n + elif mf in (21, 22): + lzw = 8 * n + 2 * n ** 2 + elif mf in (-21, -22): + lzw = 8 * n + n ** 2 + elif mf in (23,): + lzw = 9 * n + elif mf in (24, 25): + lzw = 10 * n + (3 * self.ml + 2 * self.mu) * n + elif mf in (-24, -25): + lzw = 9 * n + (2 * self.ml + self.mu) * n + + lrw = 20 + n + + if mf % 10 in (0, 3): + liw = 30 + else: + liw = 30 + n + + zwork = zeros((lzw,), complex) + self.zwork = zwork + + rwork = zeros((lrw,), float) + rwork[4] = self.first_step + rwork[5] = self.max_step + rwork[6] = self.min_step + self.rwork = rwork + + iwork = zeros((liw,), np.int32) + if self.ml is not None: + iwork[0] = self.ml + if self.mu is not None: + iwork[1] = self.mu + iwork[4] = self.order + iwork[5] = self.nsteps + iwork[6] = 2 # mxhnil + self.iwork = iwork + + self.call_args = [self.rtol, self.atol, 1, 1, + self.zwork, self.rwork, self.iwork, mf] + self.success = 1 + self.initialized = False + + # Zero state arrays on reset to avoid contamination from previous problems. + # State persistence works within a single integration (istate=2), but between + # different problems (different n etc.), state needs to be cleared. + self.state_doubles.fill(0.0) + self.state_ints.fill(0) + + +if zvode.runner is not None: + IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(zvode) + + +class dopri5(IntegratorBase): + runner = getattr(_dop, 'dopri5', None) + name = 'dopri5' + supports_solout = True + + messages = {1: 'computation successful', + 2: 'computation successful (interrupted by solout)', + -1: 'input is not consistent', + -2: 'larger nsteps is needed', + -3: 'step size becomes too small', + -4: 'problem is probably stiff (interrupted)', + } + + __class_getitem__ = None + + def __init__(self, + rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-12, + nsteps=500, + max_step=0.0, + first_step=0.0, # determined by solver + safety=0.9, + ifactor=10.0, + dfactor=0.2, + beta=0.0, + method=None, + verbosity=-1, # no messages if negative + ): + self.rtol = rtol + self.atol = atol + self.nsteps = nsteps + self.max_step = max_step + self.first_step = first_step + self.safety = safety + self.ifactor = ifactor + self.dfactor = dfactor + self.beta = beta + self.verbosity = verbosity + self.success = 1 + self.set_solout(None) + + def set_solout(self, solout, complex=False): + self.solout = solout + self.solout_cmplx = complex + if solout is None: + self.iout = 0 + else: + self.iout = 1 + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + work = zeros((8 * n + 21,), float) + work[1] = self.safety + work[2] = self.dfactor + work[3] = self.ifactor + work[4] = self.beta + work[5] = self.max_step + work[6] = self.first_step + self.work = work + self.iwork = zeros((21,), dtype=np.int32) + self.call_args = [self.rtol, self.atol, self._solout, + self.iout, self.work, self.iwork, + self.nsteps, self.verbosity] + self.success = 1 + + def run(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + x, y, istate = self.runner(*((f, t0, y0, t1) + + tuple(self.call_args) + (f_params,))) + self.istate = istate + if istate < 0: + unexpected_istate_msg = f'Unexpected istate={istate:d}' + warnings.warn(f'{self.__class__.__name__:s}: ' + f'{self.messages.get(istate, unexpected_istate_msg):s}', + stacklevel=2) + self.success = 0 + return y, x + + def _solout(self, x, y): + if self.solout is not None: + if self.solout_cmplx: + y = y[::2] + 1j * y[1::2] + return self.solout(x, y) + else: + return 1 + + +if dopri5.runner is not None: + IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(dopri5) + + +class dop853(dopri5): + runner = getattr(_dop, 'dopri853', None) + name = 'dop853' + + def __init__(self, + rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-12, + nsteps=500, + max_step=0.0, + first_step=0.0, # determined by solver + safety=0.9, + ifactor=6.0, + dfactor=0.3, + beta=0.0, + method=None, + verbosity=-1, # no messages if negative + ): + super().__init__(rtol, atol, nsteps, max_step, first_step, safety, + ifactor, dfactor, beta, method, verbosity) + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + work = zeros((11 * n + 21,), float) + work[1] = self.safety + work[2] = self.dfactor + work[3] = self.ifactor + work[4] = self.beta + work[5] = self.max_step + work[6] = self.first_step + self.work = work + self.iwork = zeros((21,), dtype=np.int32) + self.call_args = [self.rtol, self.atol, self._solout, + self.iout, self.work, self.iwork, + self.nsteps, self.verbosity] + self.success = 1 + + +if dop853.runner is not None: + IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(dop853) + + +class lsoda(IntegratorBase): + runner = lsoda_step # Use low-level lsoda wrapper + + messages = { + 2: "Integration successful.", + -1: "Excess work done on this call (perhaps wrong Dfun type).", + -2: "Excess accuracy requested (tolerances too small).", + -3: "Illegal input detected (internal error).", + -4: "Repeated error test failures (internal error).", + -5: "Repeated convergence failures (perhaps bad Jacobian or tolerances).", + -6: "Error weight became zero during problem.", + -7: "Internal workspace insufficient to finish (internal error)." + } + + __class_getitem__ = None + + def __init__(self, + with_jacobian=False, + rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-12, + lband=None, uband=None, + nsteps=500, + max_step=0.0, # corresponds to infinite + min_step=0.0, + first_step=0.0, # determined by solver + ixpr=0, + max_hnil=0, + max_order_ns=12, + max_order_s=5, + method=None + ): + + self.with_jacobian = with_jacobian + self.rtol = rtol + self.atol = atol + self.mu = uband + self.ml = lband + + self.max_order_ns = max_order_ns + self.max_order_s = max_order_s + self.nsteps = nsteps + self.max_step = max_step + self.min_step = min_step + self.first_step = first_step + self.ixpr = ixpr + self.max_hnil = max_hnil + self.success = 1 + + self.initialized = False + + # State persistence arrays for LSODA internal state + # These retain the solver state between calls + self.state_doubles = zeros(240, dtype=np.float64) # LSODA_STATE_DOUBLE_SIZE + self.state_ints = zeros(48, dtype=np.int32) # LSODA_STATE_INT_SIZE + + def reset(self, n, has_jac): + # Zero state arrays on reset to avoid contamination from previous steps. + # State persistence works within a single integration (istate=2), but between + # different problems (different n etc.), state needs to be cleared. + self.state_doubles.fill(0.0) + self.state_ints.fill(0) + + # Calculate parameters for lsoda subroutine. + # jt values: 1=user full, 2=FD full, 4=user banded, 5=FD banded (3=invalid) + if has_jac: + if self.mu is None and self.ml is None: + jt = 1 # User-supplied full Jacobian + else: + if self.mu is None: + self.mu = 0 + if self.ml is None: + self.ml = 0 + jt = 4 # User-supplied banded Jacobian + else: + if self.mu is None and self.ml is None: + jt = 2 # Internally generated full Jacobian (finite differences) + else: + if self.mu is None: + self.mu = 0 + if self.ml is None: + self.ml = 0 + jt = 5 # Internally generated banded Jacobian (finite differences) + + # Calculate work array sizes + lrn = 20 + (self.max_order_ns + 4) * n + if jt in [1, 2]: + lrs = 22 + (self.max_order_s + 4) * n + n * n + elif jt in [4, 5]: + lrs = 22 + (self.max_order_s + 5 + 2 * self.ml + self.mu) * n + else: + raise ValueError(f'Unexpected jt={jt}') + lrw = max(lrn, lrs) + liw = 20 + n + + # Create and initialize work arrays + rwork = zeros((lrw,), float) + rwork[4] = self.first_step + rwork[5] = self.max_step + rwork[6] = self.min_step + self.rwork = rwork + + iwork = zeros((liw,), dtype=np.int32) + if self.ml is not None: + iwork[0] = self.ml + if self.mu is not None: + iwork[1] = self.mu + iwork[4] = self.ixpr + iwork[5] = self.nsteps + iwork[6] = self.max_hnil + iwork[7] = self.max_order_ns + iwork[8] = self.max_order_s + self.iwork = iwork + + self.call_args = [self.rtol, self.atol, 1, 1, + self.rwork, self.iwork, jt] + self.success = 1 + + def run(self, f, jac, y0, t0, t1, f_params, jac_params): + # Prepare arguments for low-level lsoda wrapper + rtol = self.call_args[0] + atol = self.call_args[1] + itask = self.call_args[2] + istate = self.call_args[3] + rwork = self.call_args[4] + iwork = self.call_args[5] + jt = self.call_args[6] + + # Note: For banded Jacobians, the user provides the compressed format + # (ml + mu + 1, n), and the C code handles padding to the expanded + # format (2*ml + mu + 1, n) internally. No Python wrapper needed. + + # Signature: + # + # lsoda(fun, y0, t, tout, rtol, atol, itask, istate, rwork, iwork, + # jac, jt, f_params, tfirst, jac_params, state_doubles, state_ints) + # + # "state_doubles" and "state_ints" are arrays for passing internal + # state between Python-C code. + y1, t, istate = self.runner( + f, y0, t0, t1, rtol, atol, itask, istate, rwork, iwork, + jac, jt, f_params, 1, jac_params, # tfirst=1 for (t, y) signature + self.state_doubles, self.state_ints + ) + + self.istate = istate + if istate < 0: + unexpected_istate_msg = f'Unexpected istate={istate:d}' + warnings.warn(f'{self.__class__.__name__:s}: ' + f'{self.messages.get(istate, unexpected_istate_msg):s}', + stacklevel=2) + self.success = 0 + else: + self.call_args[3] = 2 # upgrade istate from 1 to 2 + self.istate = 2 + self.success = 1 + return y1, t + + def step(self, *args): + itask = self.call_args[2] + self.call_args[2] = 2 + r = self.run(*args) + self.call_args[2] = itask + return r + + def run_relax(self, *args): + itask = self.call_args[2] + self.call_args[2] = 3 + r = self.run(*args) + self.call_args[2] = itask + return r + + +if lsoda.runner: + IntegratorBase.integrator_classes.append(lsoda) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dacf5b05a71e8f39e73412be117451277826da75 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack.cpython-312-darwin.so differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack_py.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack_py.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..11acc97446daf90936ca2cbb55ab06d68719ae8d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_odepack_py.py @@ -0,0 +1,271 @@ +# Author: Travis Oliphant + +__all__ = ['odeint', 'ODEintWarning'] + +import numpy as np +from . import _odepack +from copy import copy +import warnings + +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +class ODEintWarning(Warning): + """Warning raised during the execution of `odeint`.""" + pass + + +_msgs = {2: "Integration successful.", + 1: "Nothing was done; the integration time was 0.", + -1: "Excess work done on this call (perhaps wrong Dfun type).", + -2: "Excess accuracy requested (tolerances too small).", + -3: "Illegal input detected (internal error).", + -4: "Repeated error test failures (internal error).", + -5: "Repeated convergence failures (perhaps bad Jacobian or tolerances).", + -6: "Error weight became zero during problem.", + -7: "Internal workspace insufficient to finish (internal error).", + -8: "Run terminated (internal error)." + } + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def odeint(func, y0, t, args=(), Dfun=None, col_deriv=0, full_output=0, + ml=None, mu=None, rtol=None, atol=None, tcrit=None, h0=0.0, + hmax=0.0, hmin=0.0, ixpr=0, mxstep=0, mxhnil=0, mxordn=12, + mxords=5, printmessg=0, tfirst=False): + """ + Integrate a system of ordinary differential equations. + + .. note:: For new code, use `scipy.integrate.solve_ivp` to solve a + differential equation. + + Solve a system of ordinary differential equations using lsoda from the + FORTRAN library odepack. + + Solves the initial value problem for stiff or non-stiff systems + of first order ode-s:: + + dy/dt = func(y, t, ...) [or func(t, y, ...)] + + where y can be a vector. + + .. note:: By default, the required order of the first two arguments of + `func` are in the opposite order of the arguments in the system + definition function used by the `scipy.integrate.ode` class and + the function `scipy.integrate.solve_ivp`. To use a function with + the signature ``func(t, y, ...)``, the argument `tfirst` must be + set to ``True``. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : callable(y, t, ...) or callable(t, y, ...) + Computes the derivative of y at t. + If the signature is ``callable(t, y, ...)``, then the argument + `tfirst` must be set ``True``. + `func` must not modify the data in `y`, as it is a + view of the data used internally by the ODE solver. + y0 : array + Initial condition on y (can be a vector). + t : array + A sequence of time points for which to solve for y. The initial + value point should be the first element of this sequence. + This sequence must be monotonically increasing or monotonically + decreasing; repeated values are allowed. + args : tuple, optional + Extra arguments to pass to function. + Dfun : callable(y, t, ...) or callable(t, y, ...) + Gradient (Jacobian) of `func`. + If the signature is ``callable(t, y, ...)``, then the argument + `tfirst` must be set ``True``. + `Dfun` must not modify the data in `y`, as it is a + view of the data used internally by the ODE solver. + col_deriv : bool, optional + True if `Dfun` defines derivatives down columns (faster), + otherwise `Dfun` should define derivatives across rows. + full_output : bool, optional + True if to return a dictionary of optional outputs as the second output + printmessg : bool, optional + Whether to print the convergence message + tfirst : bool, optional + If True, the first two arguments of `func` (and `Dfun`, if given) + must ``t, y`` instead of the default ``y, t``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.1.0 + + Returns + ------- + y : array, shape (len(t), len(y0)) + Array containing the value of y for each desired time in t, + with the initial value `y0` in the first row. + infodict : dict, only returned if full_output == True + Dictionary containing additional output information + + ======= ============================================================ + key meaning + ======= ============================================================ + 'hu' vector of step sizes successfully used for each time step + 'tcur' vector with the value of t reached for each time step + (will always be at least as large as the input times) + 'tolsf' vector of tolerance scale factors, greater than 1.0, + computed when a request for too much accuracy was detected + 'tsw' value of t at the time of the last method switch + (given for each time step) + 'nst' cumulative number of time steps + 'nfe' cumulative number of function evaluations for each time step + 'nje' cumulative number of jacobian evaluations for each time step + 'nqu' a vector of method orders for each successful step + 'imxer' index of the component of largest magnitude in the + weighted local error vector (e / ewt) on an error return, -1 + otherwise + 'lenrw' the length of the double work array required + 'leniw' the length of integer work array required + 'mused' a vector of method indicators for each successful time step: + 1: adams (nonstiff), 2: bdf (stiff) + ======= ============================================================ + + Other Parameters + ---------------- + ml, mu : int, optional + If either of these are not None or non-negative, then the + Jacobian is assumed to be banded. These give the number of + lower and upper non-zero diagonals in this banded matrix. + For the banded case, `Dfun` should return a matrix whose + rows contain the non-zero bands (starting with the lowest diagonal). + Thus, the return matrix `jac` from `Dfun` should have shape + ``(ml + mu + 1, len(y0))`` when ``ml >=0`` or ``mu >=0``. + The data in `jac` must be stored such that ``jac[i - j + mu, j]`` + holds the derivative of the ``i``\\ th equation with respect to the + ``j``\\ th state variable. If `col_deriv` is True, the transpose of + this `jac` must be returned. + rtol, atol : float, optional + The input parameters `rtol` and `atol` determine the error + control performed by the solver. The solver will control the + vector, e, of estimated local errors in y, according to an + inequality of the form ``max-norm of (e / ewt) <= 1``, + where ewt is a vector of positive error weights computed as + ``ewt = rtol * abs(y) + atol``. + rtol and atol can be either vectors the same length as y or scalars. + Defaults to 1.49012e-8. + tcrit : ndarray, optional + Vector of critical points (e.g., singularities) where integration + care should be taken. + h0 : float, (0: solver-determined), optional + The step size to be attempted on the first step. + hmax : float, (0: solver-determined), optional + The maximum absolute step size allowed. + hmin : float, (0: solver-determined), optional + The minimum absolute step size allowed. + ixpr : bool, optional + Whether to generate extra printing at method switches. + mxstep : int, (0: solver-determined), optional + Maximum number of (internally defined) steps allowed for each + integration point in t. + mxhnil : int, (0: solver-determined), optional + Maximum number of messages printed. + mxordn : int, (0: solver-determined), optional + Maximum order to be allowed for the non-stiff (Adams) method. + mxords : int, (0: solver-determined), optional + Maximum order to be allowed for the stiff (BDF) method. + + See Also + -------- + solve_ivp : solve an initial value problem for a system of ODEs + ode : a more object-oriented integrator based on VODE + quad : for finding the area under a curve + + Examples + -------- + The second order differential equation for the angle `theta` of a + pendulum acted on by gravity with friction can be written:: + + theta''(t) + b*theta'(t) + c*sin(theta(t)) = 0 + + where `b` and `c` are positive constants, and a prime (') denotes a + derivative. To solve this equation with `odeint`, we must first convert + it to a system of first order equations. By defining the angular + velocity ``omega(t) = theta'(t)``, we obtain the system:: + + theta'(t) = omega(t) + omega'(t) = -b*omega(t) - c*sin(theta(t)) + + Let `y` be the vector [`theta`, `omega`]. We implement this system + in Python as: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> def pend(y, t, b, c): + ... theta, omega = y + ... dydt = [omega, -b*omega - c*np.sin(theta)] + ... return dydt + ... + + We assume the constants are `b` = 0.25 and `c` = 5.0: + + >>> b = 0.25 + >>> c = 5.0 + + For initial conditions, we assume the pendulum is nearly vertical + with `theta(0)` = `pi` - 0.1, and is initially at rest, so + `omega(0)` = 0. Then the vector of initial conditions is + + >>> y0 = [np.pi - 0.1, 0.0] + + We will generate a solution at 101 evenly spaced samples in the interval + 0 <= `t` <= 10. So our array of times is: + + >>> t = np.linspace(0, 10, 101) + + Call `odeint` to generate the solution. To pass the parameters + `b` and `c` to `pend`, we give them to `odeint` using the `args` + argument. + + >>> from scipy.integrate import odeint + >>> sol = odeint(pend, y0, t, args=(b, c)) + + The solution is an array with shape (101, 2). The first column + is `theta(t)`, and the second is `omega(t)`. The following code + plots both components. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> plt.plot(t, sol[:, 0], 'b', label='theta(t)') + >>> plt.plot(t, sol[:, 1], 'g', label='omega(t)') + >>> plt.legend(loc='best') + >>> plt.xlabel('t') + >>> plt.grid() + >>> plt.show() + """ + + if ml is None: + ml = -1 # changed to zero inside function call + if mu is None: + mu = -1 # changed to zero inside function call + + dt = np.diff(t) + if not ((dt >= 0).all() or (dt <= 0).all()): + raise ValueError("The values in t must be monotonically increasing " + "or monotonically decreasing; repeated values are " + "allowed.") + + t = copy(t) + y0 = copy(y0) + + + output = _odepack.odeint(func, y0, t, args, Dfun, col_deriv, ml, mu, + full_output, rtol, atol, tcrit, h0, hmax, hmin, + ixpr, mxstep, mxhnil, mxordn, mxords, + int(bool(tfirst))) + if output[-1] < 0: + warning_msg = (f"{_msgs[output[-1]]} Run with full_output = 1 to " + f"get quantitative information.") + warnings.warn(warning_msg, ODEintWarning, stacklevel=2) + elif printmessg: + warning_msg = _msgs[output[-1]] + warnings.warn(warning_msg, ODEintWarning, stacklevel=2) + + if full_output: + output[1]['message'] = _msgs[output[-1]] + + output = output[:-1] + if len(output) == 1: + return output[0] + else: + return output diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quad_vec.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quad_vec.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8ed8e6e71805e3663fe0d92727df719549d9f7a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quad_vec.py @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ +import sys +import copy +import heapq +import collections +import functools + +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._util import MapWrapper, _FunctionWrapper +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +class LRUDict(collections.OrderedDict): + def __init__(self, max_size): + self.__max_size = max_size + + def __setitem__(self, key, value): + existing_key = (key in self) + super().__setitem__(key, value) + if existing_key: + self.move_to_end(key) + elif len(self) > self.__max_size: + self.popitem(last=False) + + def update(self, other): + # Not needed below + raise NotImplementedError() + + +class SemiInfiniteFunc: + """ + Argument transform from (start, +-oo) to (0, 1) + """ + def __init__(self, func, start, infty): + self._func = func + self._start = start + self._sgn = -1 if infty < 0 else 1 + + # Overflow threshold for the 1/t**2 factor + self._tmin = sys.float_info.min**0.5 + + def get_t(self, x): + z = self._sgn * (x - self._start) + 1 + if z == 0: + # Can happen only if point not in range + return np.inf + return 1 / z + + def __call__(self, t): + if t < self._tmin: + return 0.0 + else: + x = self._start + self._sgn * (1 - t) / t + f = self._func(x) + return self._sgn * (f / t) / t + + +class DoubleInfiniteFunc: + """ + Argument transform from (-oo, oo) to (-1, 1) + """ + def __init__(self, func): + self._func = func + + # Overflow threshold for the 1/t**2 factor + self._tmin = sys.float_info.min**0.5 + + def get_t(self, x): + s = -1 if x < 0 else 1 + return s / (abs(x) + 1) + + def __call__(self, t): + if abs(t) < self._tmin: + return 0.0 + else: + x = (1 - abs(t)) / t + f = self._func(x) + return (f / t) / t + + +def _max_norm(x): + return np.amax(abs(x)) + + +def _get_sizeof(obj): + try: + return sys.getsizeof(obj) + except TypeError: + # occurs on pypy + if hasattr(obj, '__sizeof__'): + return int(obj.__sizeof__()) + return 64 + + +class _Bunch: + def __init__(self, **kwargs): + self.__keys = kwargs.keys() + self.__dict__.update(**kwargs) + + def __repr__(self): + key_value_pairs = ', '.join( + f'{k}={repr(self.__dict__[k])}' for k in self.__keys + ) + return f"_Bunch({key_value_pairs})" + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def quad_vec(f, a, b, epsabs=1e-200, epsrel=1e-8, norm='2', cache_size=100e6, + limit=10000, workers=1, points=None, quadrature=None, full_output=False, + *, args=()): + r"""Adaptive integration of a vector-valued function. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Vector-valued function f(x) to integrate. + a : float + Initial point. + b : float + Final point. + epsabs : float, optional + Absolute tolerance. + epsrel : float, optional + Relative tolerance. + norm : {'max', '2'}, optional + Vector norm to use for error estimation. + cache_size : int, optional + Number of bytes to use for memoization. + limit : float or int, optional + An upper bound on the number of subintervals used in the adaptive + algorithm. + workers : int or map-like callable, optional + If `workers` is an integer, part of the computation is done in + parallel subdivided to this many tasks (using + :class:`python:multiprocessing.pool.Pool`). + Supply `-1` to use all cores available to the Process. + Alternatively, supply a map-like callable, such as + :meth:`python:multiprocessing.pool.Pool.map` for evaluating the + population in parallel. + This evaluation is carried out as ``workers(func, iterable)``. + points : list, optional + List of additional breakpoints. + quadrature : {'gk21', 'gk15', 'trapezoid'}, optional + Quadrature rule to use on subintervals. + Options: 'gk21' (Gauss-Kronrod 21-point rule), + 'gk15' (Gauss-Kronrod 15-point rule), + 'trapezoid' (composite trapezoid rule). + Default: 'gk21' for finite intervals and 'gk15' for (semi-)infinite. + full_output : bool, optional + Return an additional ``info`` object. + args : tuple, optional + Extra arguments to pass to function, if any. + + .. versionadded:: 1.8.0 + + Returns + ------- + res : {float, array-like} + Estimate for the result + err : float + Error estimate for the result in the given norm + info : object + Returned only when ``full_output=True``. + Result object with the attributes: + + success : bool + Whether integration reached target precision. + status : int + Indicator for convergence, success (0), + failure (1), and failure due to rounding error (2). + neval : int + Number of function evaluations. + intervals : ndarray, shape (num_intervals, 2) + Start and end points of subdivision intervals. + integrals : ndarray, shape (num_intervals, ...) + Integral for each interval. + Note that at most ``cache_size`` values are recorded, + and the array may contains *nan* for missing items. + errors : ndarray, shape (num_intervals,) + Estimated integration error for each interval. + + Notes + ----- + The algorithm mainly follows the implementation of QUADPACK's + DQAG* algorithms, implementing global error control and adaptive + subdivision. + + The algorithm here has some differences to the QUADPACK approach: + + Instead of subdividing one interval at a time, the algorithm + subdivides N intervals with largest errors at once. This enables + (partial) parallelization of the integration. + + The logic of subdividing "next largest" intervals first is then + not implemented, and we rely on the above extension to avoid + concentrating on "small" intervals only. + + The Wynn epsilon table extrapolation is not used (QUADPACK uses it + for infinite intervals). This is because the algorithm here is + supposed to work on vector-valued functions, in an user-specified + norm, and the extension of the epsilon algorithm to this case does + not appear to be widely agreed. For max-norm, using elementwise + Wynn epsilon could be possible, but we do not do this here with + the hope that the epsilon extrapolation is mainly useful in + special cases. + + References + ---------- + [1] R. Piessens, E. de Doncker, QUADPACK (1983). + + Examples + -------- + We can compute integrations of a vector-valued function: + + >>> from scipy.integrate import quad_vec + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> alpha = np.linspace(0.0, 2.0, num=30) + >>> f = lambda x: x**alpha + >>> x0, x1 = 0, 2 + >>> y, err = quad_vec(f, x0, x1) + >>> plt.plot(alpha, y) + >>> plt.xlabel(r"$\alpha$") + >>> plt.ylabel(r"$\int_{0}^{2} x^\alpha dx$") + >>> plt.show() + + When using the argument `workers`, one should ensure + that the main module is import-safe, for instance + by rewriting the example above as: + + .. code-block:: python + + from scipy.integrate import quad_vec + import numpy as np + import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + + alpha = np.linspace(0.0, 2.0, num=30) + x0, x1 = 0, 2 + def f(x): + return x**alpha + + if __name__ == "__main__": + y, err = quad_vec(f, x0, x1, workers=2) + """ + a = float(a) + b = float(b) + + if args: + if not isinstance(args, tuple): + args = (args,) + + # create a wrapped function to allow the use of map and Pool.map + f = _FunctionWrapper(f, args) + + # Use simple transformations to deal with integrals over infinite + # intervals. + kwargs = dict(epsabs=epsabs, + epsrel=epsrel, + norm=norm, + cache_size=cache_size, + limit=limit, + workers=workers, + points=points, + quadrature='gk15' if quadrature is None else quadrature, + full_output=full_output) + if np.isfinite(a) and np.isinf(b): + f2 = SemiInfiniteFunc(f, start=a, infty=b) + if points is not None: + kwargs['points'] = tuple(f2.get_t(xp) for xp in points) + return quad_vec(f2, 0, 1, **kwargs) + elif np.isfinite(b) and np.isinf(a): + f2 = SemiInfiniteFunc(f, start=b, infty=a) + if points is not None: + kwargs['points'] = tuple(f2.get_t(xp) for xp in points) + res = quad_vec(f2, 0, 1, **kwargs) + return (-res[0],) + res[1:] + elif np.isinf(a) and np.isinf(b): + sgn = -1 if b < a else 1 + + # NB. explicitly split integral at t=0, which separates + # the positive and negative sides + f2 = DoubleInfiniteFunc(f) + if points is not None: + kwargs['points'] = (0,) + tuple(f2.get_t(xp) for xp in points) + else: + kwargs['points'] = (0,) + + if a != b: + res = quad_vec(f2, -1, 1, **kwargs) + else: + res = quad_vec(f2, 1, 1, **kwargs) + + return (res[0]*sgn,) + res[1:] + elif not (np.isfinite(a) and np.isfinite(b)): + raise ValueError(f"invalid integration bounds a={a}, b={b}") + + norm_funcs = { + None: _max_norm, + 'max': _max_norm, + '2': np.linalg.norm + } + if callable(norm): + norm_func = norm + else: + norm_func = norm_funcs[norm] + + parallel_count = 128 + min_intervals = 2 + + try: + _quadrature = {None: _quadrature_gk21, + 'gk21': _quadrature_gk21, + 'gk15': _quadrature_gk15, + 'trapezoid': _quadrature_trapezoid}[quadrature] + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError(f"unknown quadrature {quadrature!r}") from e + + # Initial interval set + if points is None: + initial_intervals = [(a, b)] + else: + prev = a + initial_intervals = [] + for p in sorted(points): + p = float(p) + if not (a < p < b) or p == prev: + continue + initial_intervals.append((prev, p)) + prev = p + initial_intervals.append((prev, b)) + + global_integral = None + global_error = None + rounding_error = None + interval_cache = None + intervals = [] + neval = 0 + + for x1, x2 in initial_intervals: + ig, err, rnd = _quadrature(x1, x2, f, norm_func) + neval += _quadrature.num_eval + + if global_integral is None: + if isinstance(ig, float | complex): + # Specialize for scalars + if norm_func in (_max_norm, np.linalg.norm): + norm_func = abs + + global_integral = ig + global_error = float(err) + rounding_error = float(rnd) + + cache_count = cache_size // _get_sizeof(ig) + interval_cache = LRUDict(cache_count) + else: + global_integral += ig + global_error += err + rounding_error += rnd + + interval_cache[(x1, x2)] = copy.copy(ig) + intervals.append((-err, x1, x2)) + + heapq.heapify(intervals) + + CONVERGED = 0 + NOT_CONVERGED = 1 + ROUNDING_ERROR = 2 + NOT_A_NUMBER = 3 + + status_msg = { + CONVERGED: "Target precision reached.", + NOT_CONVERGED: "Target precision not reached.", + ROUNDING_ERROR: "Target precision could not be reached due to rounding error.", + NOT_A_NUMBER: "Non-finite values encountered." + } + + # Process intervals + with MapWrapper(workers) as mapwrapper: + ier = NOT_CONVERGED + + while intervals and len(intervals) < limit: + # Select intervals with largest errors for subdivision + tol = max(epsabs, epsrel*norm_func(global_integral)) + + to_process = [] + err_sum = 0 + + for j in range(parallel_count): + if not intervals: + break + + if j > 0 and err_sum > global_error - tol/8: + # avoid unnecessary parallel splitting + break + + interval = heapq.heappop(intervals) + + neg_old_err, a, b = interval + old_int = interval_cache.pop((a, b), None) + to_process.append( + ((-neg_old_err, a, b, old_int), f, norm_func, _quadrature) + ) + err_sum += -neg_old_err + + # Subdivide intervals + for parts in mapwrapper(_subdivide_interval, to_process): + dint, derr, dround_err, subint, dneval = parts + neval += dneval + global_integral += dint + global_error += derr + rounding_error += dround_err + for x in subint: + x1, x2, ig, err = x + interval_cache[(x1, x2)] = ig + heapq.heappush(intervals, (-err, x1, x2)) + + # Termination check + if len(intervals) >= min_intervals: + tol = max(epsabs, epsrel*norm_func(global_integral)) + if global_error < tol/8: + ier = CONVERGED + break + if global_error < rounding_error: + ier = ROUNDING_ERROR + break + + if not (np.isfinite(global_error) and np.isfinite(rounding_error)): + ier = NOT_A_NUMBER + break + + res = global_integral + err = global_error + rounding_error + + if full_output: + res_arr = np.asarray(res) + dummy = np.full(res_arr.shape, np.nan, dtype=res_arr.dtype) + integrals = np.array([interval_cache.get((z[1], z[2]), dummy) + for z in intervals], dtype=res_arr.dtype) + errors = np.array([-z[0] for z in intervals]) + intervals = np.array([[z[1], z[2]] for z in intervals]) + + info = _Bunch(neval=neval, + success=(ier == CONVERGED), + status=ier, + message=status_msg[ier], + intervals=intervals, + integrals=integrals, + errors=errors) + return (res, err, info) + else: + return (res, err) + + +def _subdivide_interval(args): + interval, f, norm_func, _quadrature = args + old_err, a, b, old_int = interval + + c = 0.5 * (a + b) + + # Left-hand side + if getattr(_quadrature, 'cache_size', 0) > 0: + f = functools.lru_cache(_quadrature.cache_size)(f) + + s1, err1, round1 = _quadrature(a, c, f, norm_func) + dneval = _quadrature.num_eval + s2, err2, round2 = _quadrature(c, b, f, norm_func) + dneval += _quadrature.num_eval + if old_int is None: + old_int, _, _ = _quadrature(a, b, f, norm_func) + dneval += _quadrature.num_eval + + if getattr(_quadrature, 'cache_size', 0) > 0: + dneval = f.cache_info().misses + + dint = s1 + s2 - old_int + derr = err1 + err2 - old_err + dround_err = round1 + round2 + + subintervals = ((a, c, s1, err1), (c, b, s2, err2)) + return dint, derr, dround_err, subintervals, dneval + + +def _quadrature_trapezoid(x1, x2, f, norm_func): + """ + Composite trapezoid quadrature + """ + x3 = 0.5*(x1 + x2) + f1 = f(x1) + f2 = f(x2) + f3 = f(x3) + + s2 = 0.25 * (x2 - x1) * (f1 + 2*f3 + f2) + + round_err = 0.25 * abs(x2 - x1) * (float(norm_func(f1)) + + 2*float(norm_func(f3)) + + float(norm_func(f2))) * 2e-16 + + s1 = 0.5 * (x2 - x1) * (f1 + f2) + err = 1/3 * float(norm_func(s1 - s2)) + return s2, err, round_err + + +_quadrature_trapezoid.cache_size = 3 * 3 +_quadrature_trapezoid.num_eval = 3 + + +def _quadrature_gk(a, b, f, norm_func, x, w, v): + """ + Generic Gauss-Kronrod quadrature + """ + + fv = [0.0]*len(x) + + c = 0.5 * (a + b) + h = 0.5 * (b - a) + + # Gauss-Kronrod + s_k = 0.0 + s_k_abs = 0.0 + for i in range(len(x)): + ff = f(c + h*x[i]) + fv[i] = ff + + vv = v[i] + + # \int f(x) + s_k += vv * ff + # \int |f(x)| + s_k_abs += vv * abs(ff) + + # Gauss + s_g = 0.0 + for i in range(len(w)): + s_g += w[i] * fv[2*i + 1] + + # Quadrature of abs-deviation from average + s_k_dabs = 0.0 + y0 = s_k / 2.0 + for i in range(len(x)): + # \int |f(x) - y0| + s_k_dabs += v[i] * abs(fv[i] - y0) + + # Use similar error estimation as quadpack + err = float(norm_func((s_k - s_g) * h)) + dabs = float(norm_func(s_k_dabs * h)) + if dabs != 0 and err != 0: + err = dabs * min(1.0, (200 * err / dabs)**1.5) + + eps = sys.float_info.epsilon + round_err = float(norm_func(50 * eps * h * s_k_abs)) + + if round_err > sys.float_info.min: + err = max(err, round_err) + + return h * s_k, err, round_err + + +def _quadrature_gk21(a, b, f, norm_func): + """ + Gauss-Kronrod 21 quadrature with error estimate + """ + # Gauss-Kronrod points + x = (0.995657163025808080735527280689003, + 0.973906528517171720077964012084452, + 0.930157491355708226001207180059508, + 0.865063366688984510732096688423493, + 0.780817726586416897063717578345042, + 0.679409568299024406234327365114874, + 0.562757134668604683339000099272694, + 0.433395394129247190799265943165784, + 0.294392862701460198131126603103866, + 0.148874338981631210884826001129720, + 0, + -0.148874338981631210884826001129720, + -0.294392862701460198131126603103866, + -0.433395394129247190799265943165784, + -0.562757134668604683339000099272694, + -0.679409568299024406234327365114874, + -0.780817726586416897063717578345042, + -0.865063366688984510732096688423493, + -0.930157491355708226001207180059508, + -0.973906528517171720077964012084452, + -0.995657163025808080735527280689003) + + # 10-point weights + w = (0.066671344308688137593568809893332, + 0.149451349150580593145776339657697, + 0.219086362515982043995534934228163, + 0.269266719309996355091226921569469, + 0.295524224714752870173892994651338, + 0.295524224714752870173892994651338, + 0.269266719309996355091226921569469, + 0.219086362515982043995534934228163, + 0.149451349150580593145776339657697, + 0.066671344308688137593568809893332) + + # 21-point weights + v = (0.011694638867371874278064396062192, + 0.032558162307964727478818972459390, + 0.054755896574351996031381300244580, + 0.075039674810919952767043140916190, + 0.093125454583697605535065465083366, + 0.109387158802297641899210590325805, + 0.123491976262065851077958109831074, + 0.134709217311473325928054001771707, + 0.142775938577060080797094273138717, + 0.147739104901338491374841515972068, + 0.149445554002916905664936468389821, + 0.147739104901338491374841515972068, + 0.142775938577060080797094273138717, + 0.134709217311473325928054001771707, + 0.123491976262065851077958109831074, + 0.109387158802297641899210590325805, + 0.093125454583697605535065465083366, + 0.075039674810919952767043140916190, + 0.054755896574351996031381300244580, + 0.032558162307964727478818972459390, + 0.011694638867371874278064396062192) + + return _quadrature_gk(a, b, f, norm_func, x, w, v) + + +_quadrature_gk21.num_eval = 21 + + +def _quadrature_gk15(a, b, f, norm_func): + """ + Gauss-Kronrod 15 quadrature with error estimate + """ + # Gauss-Kronrod points + x = (0.991455371120812639206854697526329, + 0.949107912342758524526189684047851, + 0.864864423359769072789712788640926, + 0.741531185599394439863864773280788, + 0.586087235467691130294144838258730, + 0.405845151377397166906606412076961, + 0.207784955007898467600689403773245, + 0.000000000000000000000000000000000, + -0.207784955007898467600689403773245, + -0.405845151377397166906606412076961, + -0.586087235467691130294144838258730, + -0.741531185599394439863864773280788, + -0.864864423359769072789712788640926, + -0.949107912342758524526189684047851, + -0.991455371120812639206854697526329) + + # 7-point weights + w = (0.129484966168869693270611432679082, + 0.279705391489276667901467771423780, + 0.381830050505118944950369775488975, + 0.417959183673469387755102040816327, + 0.381830050505118944950369775488975, + 0.279705391489276667901467771423780, + 0.129484966168869693270611432679082) + + # 15-point weights + v = (0.022935322010529224963732008058970, + 0.063092092629978553290700663189204, + 0.104790010322250183839876322541518, + 0.140653259715525918745189590510238, + 0.169004726639267902826583426598550, + 0.190350578064785409913256402421014, + 0.204432940075298892414161999234649, + 0.209482141084727828012999174891714, + 0.204432940075298892414161999234649, + 0.190350578064785409913256402421014, + 0.169004726639267902826583426598550, + 0.140653259715525918745189590510238, + 0.104790010322250183839876322541518, + 0.063092092629978553290700663189204, + 0.022935322010529224963732008058970) + + return _quadrature_gk(a, b, f, norm_func, x, w, v) + + +_quadrature_gk15.num_eval = 15 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..909933907566cdb5e20451c7c4c466d52385702d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:21939ec9d3514d9247fbe50f9be2bc6eaa8c84647d7a8a0335d188e6bd71b3a2 +size 104240 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack_py.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack_py.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..11c900f7966e2448f4ccede5f6466d5df7c08a12 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadpack_py.py @@ -0,0 +1,1305 @@ +# Author: Travis Oliphant 2001 +# Author: Nathan Woods 2013 (nquad &c) +import sys +import warnings +from functools import partial + +from . import _quadpack +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + +__all__ = ["quad", "dblquad", "tplquad", "nquad", "IntegrationWarning"] + + +class IntegrationWarning(UserWarning): + """ + Warning on issues during integration. + """ + pass + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def quad(func, a, b, args=(), full_output=0, epsabs=1.49e-8, epsrel=1.49e-8, + limit=50, points=None, weight=None, wvar=None, wopts=None, maxp1=50, + limlst=50, complex_func=False): + """ + Compute a definite integral. + + Integrate func from `a` to `b` (possibly infinite interval) using a + technique from the Fortran library QUADPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : {function, scipy.LowLevelCallable} + A Python function or method to integrate. If `func` takes many + arguments, it is integrated along the axis corresponding to the + first argument. + + If the user desires improved integration performance, then `f` may + be a `scipy.LowLevelCallable` with one of the signatures:: + + double func(double x) + double func(double x, void *user_data) + double func(int n, double *xx) + double func(int n, double *xx, void *user_data) + + The ``user_data`` is the data contained in the `scipy.LowLevelCallable`. + In the call forms with ``xx``, ``n`` is the length of the ``xx`` + array which contains ``xx[0] == x`` and the rest of the items are + numbers contained in the ``args`` argument of quad. + + In addition, certain ctypes call signatures are supported for + backward compatibility, but those should not be used in new code. + a : float + Lower limit of integration (use -numpy.inf for -infinity). + b : float + Upper limit of integration (use numpy.inf for +infinity). + args : tuple, optional + Extra arguments to pass to `func`. + full_output : int, optional + Non-zero to return a dictionary of integration information. + If non-zero, warning messages are also suppressed and the + message is appended to the output tuple. + complex_func : bool, optional + Indicate if the function's (`func`) return type is real + (``complex_func=False``: default) or complex (``complex_func=True``). + In both cases, the function's argument is real. + If full_output is also non-zero, the `infodict`, `message`, and + `explain` for the real and complex components are returned in + a dictionary with keys "real output" and "imag output". + + Returns + ------- + y : float + The integral of func from `a` to `b`. + abserr : float + An estimate of the absolute error in the result. + infodict : dict + A dictionary containing additional information. + message + A convergence message. + explain + Appended only with 'cos' or 'sin' weighting and infinite + integration limits, it contains an explanation of the codes in + infodict['ierlst'] + + Other Parameters + ---------------- + epsabs : float or int, optional + Absolute error tolerance. Default is 1.49e-8. `quad` tries to obtain + an accuracy of ``abs(i-result) <= max(epsabs, epsrel*abs(i))`` + where ``i`` = integral of `func` from `a` to `b`, and ``result`` is the + numerical approximation. See `epsrel` below. + epsrel : float or int, optional + Relative error tolerance. Default is 1.49e-8. + If ``epsabs <= 0``, `epsrel` must be greater than both 5e-29 + and ``50 * (machine epsilon)``. See `epsabs` above. + limit : float or int, optional + An upper bound on the number of subintervals used in the adaptive + algorithm. + points : (sequence of floats,ints), optional + A sequence of break points in the bounded integration interval + where local difficulties of the integrand may occur (e.g., + singularities, discontinuities). The sequence does not have + to be sorted. Note that this option cannot be used in conjunction + with ``weight``. + weight : float or int, optional + String indicating weighting function. Full explanation for this + and the remaining arguments can be found below. + wvar : optional + Variables for use with weighting functions. + wopts : optional + Optional input for reusing Chebyshev moments. + maxp1 : float or int, optional + An upper bound on the number of Chebyshev moments. + limlst : int, optional + Upper bound on the number of cycles (>=3) for use with a sinusoidal + weighting and an infinite end-point. + + See Also + -------- + dblquad : double integral + tplquad : triple integral + nquad : n-dimensional integrals (uses `quad` recursively) + fixed_quad : fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + simpson : integrator for sampled data + romb : integrator for sampled data + scipy.special : for coefficients and roots of orthogonal polynomials + + Notes + ----- + For valid results, the integral must converge; behavior for divergent + integrals is not guaranteed. + + **Extra information for quad() inputs and outputs** + + If full_output is non-zero, then the third output argument + (infodict) is a dictionary with entries as tabulated below. For + infinite limits, the range is transformed to (0,1) and the + optional outputs are given with respect to this transformed range. + Let M be the input argument limit and let K be infodict['last']. + The entries are: + + 'neval' + The number of function evaluations. + 'last' + The number, K, of subintervals produced in the subdivision process. + 'alist' + A rank-1 array of length M, the first K elements of which are the + left end points of the subintervals in the partition of the + integration range. + 'blist' + A rank-1 array of length M, the first K elements of which are the + right end points of the subintervals. + 'rlist' + A rank-1 array of length M, the first K elements of which are the + integral approximations on the subintervals. + 'elist' + A rank-1 array of length M, the first K elements of which are the + moduli of the absolute error estimates on the subintervals. + 'iord' + A rank-1 integer array of length M, the first L elements of + which are pointers to the error estimates over the subintervals + with ``L=K`` if ``K<=M/2+2`` or ``L=M+1-K`` otherwise. Let I be the + sequence ``infodict['iord']`` and let E be the sequence + ``infodict['elist']``. Then ``E[I[1]], ..., E[I[L]]`` forms a + decreasing sequence. + + If the input argument points is provided (i.e., it is not None), + the following additional outputs are placed in the output + dictionary. Assume the points sequence is of length P. + + 'pts' + A rank-1 array of length P+2 containing the integration limits + and the break points of the intervals in ascending order. + This is an array giving the subintervals over which integration + will occur. + 'level' + A rank-1 integer array of length M (=limit), containing the + subdivision levels of the subintervals, i.e., if (aa,bb) is a + subinterval of ``(pts[1], pts[2])`` where ``pts[0]`` and ``pts[2]`` + are adjacent elements of ``infodict['pts']``, then (aa,bb) has level l + if ``|bb-aa| = |pts[2]-pts[1]| * 2**(-l)``. + 'ndin' + A rank-1 integer array of length P+2. After the first integration + over the intervals (pts[1], pts[2]), the error estimates over some + of the intervals may have been increased artificially in order to + put their subdivision forward. This array has ones in slots + corresponding to the subintervals for which this happens. + + **Weighting the integrand** + + The input variables, *weight* and *wvar*, are used to weight the + integrand by a select list of functions. Different integration + methods are used to compute the integral with these weighting + functions, and these do not support specifying break points. The + possible values of weight and the corresponding weighting functions are. + + ========== =================================== ===================== + ``weight`` Weight function used ``wvar`` + ========== =================================== ===================== + 'cos' cos(w*x) wvar = w + 'sin' sin(w*x) wvar = w + 'alg' g(x) = ((x-a)**alpha)*((b-x)**beta) wvar = (alpha, beta) + 'alg-loga' g(x)*log(x-a) wvar = (alpha, beta) + 'alg-logb' g(x)*log(b-x) wvar = (alpha, beta) + 'alg-log' g(x)*log(x-a)*log(b-x) wvar = (alpha, beta) + 'cauchy' 1/(x-c) wvar = c + ========== =================================== ===================== + + wvar holds the parameter w, (alpha, beta), or c depending on the weight + selected. In these expressions, a and b are the integration limits. + + For the 'cos' and 'sin' weighting, additional inputs and outputs are + available. + + For weighted integrals with finite integration limits, the integration + is performed using a Clenshaw-Curtis method, which uses Chebyshev moments. + For repeated calculations, these moments are saved in the output dictionary: + + 'momcom' + The maximum level of Chebyshev moments that have been computed, + i.e., if ``M_c`` is ``infodict['momcom']`` then the moments have been + computed for intervals of length ``|b-a| * 2**(-l)``, + ``l=0,1,...,M_c``. + 'nnlog' + A rank-1 integer array of length M(=limit), containing the + subdivision levels of the subintervals, i.e., an element of this + array is equal to l if the corresponding subinterval is + ``|b-a|* 2**(-l)``. + 'chebmo' + A rank-2 array of shape (25, maxp1) containing the computed + Chebyshev moments. These can be passed on to an integration + over the same interval by passing this array as the second + element of the sequence wopts and passing infodict['momcom'] as + the first element. + + If one of the integration limits is infinite, then a Fourier integral is + computed (assuming w neq 0). If full_output is 1 and a numerical error + is encountered, besides the error message attached to the output tuple, + a dictionary is also appended to the output tuple which translates the + error codes in the array ``info['ierlst']`` to English messages. The + output information dictionary contains the following entries instead of + 'last', 'alist', 'blist', 'rlist', and 'elist': + + 'lst' + The number of subintervals needed for the integration (call it ``K_f``). + 'rslst' + A rank-1 array of length M_f=limlst, whose first ``K_f`` elements + contain the integral contribution over the interval + ``(a+(k-1)c, a+kc)`` where ``c = (2*floor(|w|) + 1) * pi / |w|`` + and ``k=1,2,...,K_f``. + 'erlst' + A rank-1 array of length ``M_f`` containing the error estimate + corresponding to the interval in the same position in + ``infodict['rslist']``. + 'ierlst' + A rank-1 integer array of length ``M_f`` containing an error flag + corresponding to the interval in the same position in + ``infodict['rslist']``. See the explanation dictionary (last entry + in the output tuple) for the meaning of the codes. + + + **Details of QUADPACK level routines** + + `quad` calls routines from the FORTRAN library QUADPACK. This section + provides details on the conditions for each routine to be called and a + short description of each routine. The routine called depends on + `weight`, `points` and the integration limits `a` and `b`. + + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + QUADPACK routine `weight` `points` infinite bounds + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + qagse None No No + qagie None No Yes + qagpe None Yes No + qawoe 'sin', 'cos' No No + qawfe 'sin', 'cos' No either `a` or `b` + qawse 'alg*' No No + qawce 'cauchy' No No + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + + The following provides a short description from [1]_ for each + routine. + + qagse + is an integrator based on globally adaptive interval + subdivision in connection with extrapolation, which will + eliminate the effects of integrand singularities of + several types. The integration is performed using a 21-point Gauss-Kronrod + quadrature within each subinterval. + qagie + handles integration over infinite intervals. The infinite range is + mapped onto a finite interval and subsequently the same strategy as + in ``QAGS`` is applied. + qagpe + serves the same purposes as QAGS, but also allows the + user to provide explicit information about the location + and type of trouble-spots i.e. the abscissae of internal + singularities, discontinuities and other difficulties of + the integrand function. + qawoe + is an integrator for the evaluation of + :math:`\\int^b_a \\cos(\\omega x)f(x)dx` or + :math:`\\int^b_a \\sin(\\omega x)f(x)dx` + over a finite interval [a,b], where :math:`\\omega` and :math:`f` + are specified by the user. The rule evaluation component is based + on the modified Clenshaw-Curtis technique + + An adaptive subdivision scheme is used in connection + with an extrapolation procedure, which is a modification + of that in ``QAGS`` and allows the algorithm to deal with + singularities in :math:`f(x)`. + qawfe + calculates the Fourier transform + :math:`\\int^\\infty_a \\cos(\\omega x)f(x)dx` or + :math:`\\int^\\infty_a \\sin(\\omega x)f(x)dx` + for user-provided :math:`\\omega` and :math:`f`. The procedure of + ``QAWO`` is applied on successive finite intervals, and convergence + acceleration by means of the :math:`\\varepsilon`-algorithm is applied + to the series of integral approximations. + qawse + approximate :math:`\\int^b_a w(x)f(x)dx`, with :math:`a < b` where + :math:`w(x) = (x-a)^{\\alpha}(b-x)^{\\beta}v(x)` with + :math:`\\alpha,\\beta > -1`, where :math:`v(x)` may be one of the + following functions: :math:`1`, :math:`\\log(x-a)`, :math:`\\log(b-x)`, + :math:`\\log(x-a)\\log(b-x)`. + + The user specifies :math:`\\alpha`, :math:`\\beta` and the type of the + function :math:`v`. A globally adaptive subdivision strategy is + applied, with modified Clenshaw-Curtis integration on those + subintervals which contain `a` or `b`. + qawce + compute :math:`\\int^b_a f(x) / (x-c)dx` where the integral must be + interpreted as a Cauchy principal value integral, for user specified + :math:`c` and :math:`f`. The strategy is globally adaptive. Modified + Clenshaw-Curtis integration is used on those intervals containing the + point :math:`x = c`. + + **Integration of Complex Function of a Real Variable** + + A complex valued function, :math:`f`, of a real variable can be written as + :math:`f = g + ih`. Similarly, the integral of :math:`f` can be + written as + + .. math:: + \\int_a^b f(x) dx = \\int_a^b g(x) dx + i\\int_a^b h(x) dx + + assuming that the integrals of :math:`g` and :math:`h` exist + over the interval :math:`[a,b]` [2]_. Therefore, ``quad`` integrates + complex-valued functions by integrating the real and imaginary components + separately. + + + References + ---------- + + .. [1] Piessens, Robert; de Doncker-Kapenga, Elise; + Überhuber, Christoph W.; Kahaner, David (1983). + QUADPACK: A subroutine package for automatic integration. + Springer-Verlag. + ISBN 978-3-540-12553-2. + + .. [2] McCullough, Thomas; Phillips, Keith (1973). + Foundations of Analysis in the Complex Plane. + Holt Rinehart Winston. + ISBN 0-03-086370-8 + + Examples + -------- + Calculate :math:`\\int^4_0 x^2 dx` and compare with an analytic result + + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x2 = lambda x: x**2 + >>> integrate.quad(x2, 0, 4) + (21.333333333333332, 2.3684757858670003e-13) + >>> print(4**3 / 3.) # analytical result + 21.3333333333 + + Calculate :math:`\\int^\\infty_0 e^{-x} dx` + + >>> invexp = lambda x: np.exp(-x) + >>> integrate.quad(invexp, 0, np.inf) + (1.0, 5.842605999138044e-11) + + Calculate :math:`\\int^1_0 a x \\,dx` for :math:`a = 1, 3` + + >>> f = lambda x, a: a*x + >>> y, err = integrate.quad(f, 0, 1, args=(1,)) + >>> y + 0.5 + >>> y, err = integrate.quad(f, 0, 1, args=(3,)) + >>> y + 1.5 + + Calculate :math:`\\int^1_0 x^2 + y^2 dx` with ctypes, holding + y parameter as 1:: + + testlib.c => + double func(int n, double args[n]){ + return args[0]*args[0] + args[1]*args[1];} + compile to library testlib.* + + :: + + from scipy import integrate + import ctypes + lib = ctypes.CDLL('/home/.../testlib.*') #use absolute path + lib.func.restype = ctypes.c_double + lib.func.argtypes = (ctypes.c_int,ctypes.c_double) + integrate.quad(lib.func,0,1,(1)) + #(1.3333333333333333, 1.4802973661668752e-14) + print((1.0**3/3.0 + 1.0) - (0.0**3/3.0 + 0.0)) #Analytic result + # 1.3333333333333333 + + Be aware that pulse shapes and other sharp features as compared to the + size of the integration interval may not be integrated correctly using + this method. A simplified example of this limitation is integrating a + y-axis reflected step function with many zero values within the integrals + bounds. + + >>> y = lambda x: 1 if x<=0 else 0 + >>> integrate.quad(y, -1, 1) + (1.0, 1.1102230246251565e-14) + >>> integrate.quad(y, -1, 100) + (1.0000000002199108, 1.0189464580163188e-08) + >>> integrate.quad(y, -1, 10000) + (0.0, 0.0) + + """ + if not isinstance(args, tuple): + args = (args,) + + # Shortcut for empty interval, also works for improper integrals. + if a == b: + if full_output == 0: + return (0., 0.) + else: + infodict = {"neval": 0, "last": 0, + "alist": np.full(limit, np.nan, dtype=np.float64), + "blist": np.full(limit, np.nan, dtype=np.float64), + "rlist": np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.float64), + "elist": np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.float64), + "iord" : np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.int32)} + if complex_func: + return (0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, {"real": infodict, "imag": infodict}) + else: + return (0., 0., infodict) + + # check the limits of integration: \int_a^b, expect a < b + flip, a, b = b < a, min(a, b), max(a, b) + + if complex_func: + def imfunc(x, *args): + return func(x, *args).imag + + def refunc(x, *args): + return func(x, *args).real + + re_retval = quad(refunc, a, b, args, full_output, epsabs, + epsrel, limit, points, weight, wvar, wopts, + maxp1, limlst, complex_func=False) + im_retval = quad(imfunc, a, b, args, full_output, epsabs, + epsrel, limit, points, weight, wvar, wopts, + maxp1, limlst, complex_func=False) + integral = re_retval[0] + 1j*im_retval[0] + error_estimate = re_retval[1] + 1j*im_retval[1] + retval = integral, error_estimate + if full_output: + msgexp = {} + msgexp["real"] = re_retval[2:] + msgexp["imag"] = im_retval[2:] + retval = retval + (msgexp,) + + return retval + + if weight is None: + retval = _quad(func, a, b, args, full_output, epsabs, epsrel, limit, + points) + else: + if points is not None: + msg = ("Break points cannot be specified when using weighted integrand.\n" + "Continuing, ignoring specified points.") + warnings.warn(msg, IntegrationWarning, stacklevel=2) + retval = _quad_weight(func, a, b, args, full_output, epsabs, epsrel, + limlst, limit, maxp1, weight, wvar, wopts) + + if flip: + retval = (-retval[0],) + retval[1:] + + ier = retval[-1] + if ier == 0: + return retval[:-1] + + msgs = {80: "A Python error occurred possibly while calling the function.", + 1: f"The maximum number of subdivisions ({limit}) has been achieved.\n " + f"If increasing the limit yields no improvement it is advised to " + f"analyze \n the integrand in order to determine the difficulties. " + f"If the position of a \n local difficulty can be determined " + f"(singularity, discontinuity) one will \n probably gain from " + f"splitting up the interval and calling the integrator \n on the " + f"subranges. Perhaps a special-purpose integrator should be used.", + 2: "The occurrence of roundoff error is detected, which prevents \n " + "the requested tolerance from being achieved. " + "The error may be \n underestimated.", + 3: "Extremely bad integrand behavior occurs at some points of the\n " + "integration interval.", + 4: "The algorithm does not converge. Roundoff error is detected\n " + "in the extrapolation table. It is assumed that the requested " + "tolerance\n cannot be achieved, and that the returned result " + "(if full_output = 1) is \n the best which can be obtained.", + 5: "The integral is probably divergent, or slowly convergent.", + 6: "The input is invalid.", + 7: "Abnormal termination of the routine. The estimates for result\n " + "and error are less reliable. It is assumed that the requested " + "accuracy\n has not been achieved.", + 'unknown': "Unknown error."} + + if weight in ['cos','sin'] and (b == np.inf or a == -np.inf): + msgs[1] = ( + "The maximum number of cycles allowed has been achieved., e.e.\n of " + "subintervals (a+(k-1)c, a+kc) where c = (2*int(abs(omega)+1))\n " + "*pi/abs(omega), for k = 1, 2, ..., lst. " + "One can allow more cycles by increasing the value of limlst. " + "Look at info['ierlst'] with full_output=1." + ) + msgs[4] = ( + "The extrapolation table constructed for convergence acceleration\n of " + "the series formed by the integral contributions over the cycles, \n does " + "not converge to within the requested accuracy. " + "Look at \n info['ierlst'] with full_output=1." + ) + msgs[7] = ( + "Bad integrand behavior occurs within one or more of the cycles.\n " + "Location and type of the difficulty involved can be determined from \n " + "the vector info['ierlist'] obtained with full_output=1." + ) + explain = {1: "The maximum number of subdivisions (= limit) has been \n " + "achieved on this cycle.", + 2: "The occurrence of roundoff error is detected and prevents\n " + "the tolerance imposed on this cycle from being achieved.", + 3: "Extremely bad integrand behavior occurs at some points of\n " + "this cycle.", + 4: "The integral over this cycle does not converge (to within the " + "required accuracy) due to roundoff in the extrapolation " + "procedure invoked on this cycle. It is assumed that the result " + "on this interval is the best which can be obtained.", + 5: "The integral over this cycle is probably divergent or " + "slowly convergent."} + + try: + msg = msgs[ier] + except KeyError: + msg = msgs['unknown'] + + if ier in [1,2,3,4,5,7]: + if full_output: + if weight in ['cos', 'sin'] and (b == np.inf or a == -np.inf): + return retval[:-1] + (msg, explain) + else: + return retval[:-1] + (msg,) + else: + warnings.warn(msg, IntegrationWarning, stacklevel=2) + return retval[:-1] + + elif ier == 6: # Forensic decision tree when QUADPACK throws ier=6 + if epsabs <= 0: # Small error tolerance - applies to all methods + if epsrel < max(50 * sys.float_info.epsilon, 5e-29): + msg = ("If 'epsabs'<=0, 'epsrel' must be greater than both" + " 5e-29 and 50*(machine epsilon).") + elif weight in ['sin', 'cos'] and (abs(a) + abs(b) == np.inf): + msg = ("Sine or cosine weighted integrals with infinite domain" + " must have 'epsabs'>0.") + + elif weight is None: + if points is None: # QAGSE/QAGIE + msg = ("Invalid 'limit' argument. There must be" + " at least one subinterval") + else: # QAGPE + if not (min(a, b) <= min(points) <= max(points) <= max(a, b)): + msg = ("All break points in 'points' must lie within the" + " integration limits.") + elif len(points) >= limit: + msg = (f"Number of break points ({len(points):d}) " + f"must be less than subinterval limit ({limit:d})") + + else: + if maxp1 < 1: + msg = "Chebyshev moment limit maxp1 must be >=1." + + elif weight in ('cos', 'sin') and abs(a+b) == np.inf: # QAWFE + msg = "Cycle limit limlst must be >=3." + + elif weight.startswith('alg'): # QAWSE + if min(wvar) < -1: + msg = "wvar parameters (alpha, beta) must both be >= -1." + if b < a: + msg = "Integration limits a, b must satistfy a>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> f = lambda y, x: x*y**2 + >>> integrate.dblquad(f, 0, 2, 0, 1) + (0.6666666666666667, 7.401486830834377e-15) + + Calculate :math:`\\int^{x=\\pi/4}_{x=0} \\int^{y=\\cos(x)}_{y=\\sin(x)} 1 + \\,dy \\,dx`. + + >>> f = lambda y, x: 1 + >>> integrate.dblquad(f, 0, np.pi/4, np.sin, np.cos) + (0.41421356237309503, 1.1083280054755938e-14) + + Calculate :math:`\\int^{x=1}_{x=0} \\int^{y=2-x}_{y=x} a x y \\,dy \\,dx` + for :math:`a=1, 3`. + + >>> f = lambda y, x, a: a*x*y + >>> integrate.dblquad(f, 0, 1, lambda x: x, lambda x: 2-x, args=(1,)) + (0.33333333333333337, 5.551115123125783e-15) + >>> integrate.dblquad(f, 0, 1, lambda x: x, lambda x: 2-x, args=(3,)) + (0.9999999999999999, 1.6653345369377348e-14) + + Compute the two-dimensional Gaussian Integral, which is the integral of the + Gaussian function :math:`f(x,y) = e^{-(x^{2} + y^{2})}`, over + :math:`(-\\infty,+\\infty)`. That is, compute the integral + :math:`\\iint^{+\\infty}_{-\\infty} e^{-(x^{2} + y^{2})} \\,dy\\,dx`. + + >>> f = lambda x, y: np.exp(-(x ** 2 + y ** 2)) + >>> integrate.dblquad(f, -np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf) + (3.141592653589777, 2.5173086737433208e-08) + + """ + + def temp_ranges(*args): + return [gfun(args[0]) if callable(gfun) else gfun, + hfun(args[0]) if callable(hfun) else hfun] + + return nquad(func, [temp_ranges, [a, b]], args=args, + opts={"epsabs": epsabs, "epsrel": epsrel}) + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def tplquad(func, a, b, gfun, hfun, qfun, rfun, args=(), epsabs=1.49e-8, + epsrel=1.49e-8): + """ + Compute a triple (definite) integral. + + Return the triple integral of ``func(z, y, x)`` from ``x = a..b``, + ``y = gfun(x)..hfun(x)``, and ``z = qfun(x,y)..rfun(x,y)``. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + A Python function or method of at least three variables in the + order (z, y, x). + a, b : float + The limits of integration in x: `a` < `b` + gfun : function or float + The lower boundary curve in y which is a function taking a single + floating point argument (x) and returning a floating point result + or a float indicating a constant boundary curve. + hfun : function or float + The upper boundary curve in y (same requirements as `gfun`). + qfun : function or float + The lower boundary surface in z. It must be a function that takes + two floats in the order (x, y) and returns a float or a float + indicating a constant boundary surface. + rfun : function or float + The upper boundary surface in z. (Same requirements as `qfun`.) + args : tuple, optional + Extra arguments to pass to `func`. + epsabs : float, optional + Absolute tolerance passed directly to the innermost 1-D quadrature + integration. Default is 1.49e-8. + epsrel : float, optional + Relative tolerance of the innermost 1-D integrals. Default is 1.49e-8. + + Returns + ------- + y : float + The resultant integral. + abserr : float + An estimate of the error. + + See Also + -------- + quad : Adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK + fixed_quad : Fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + dblquad : Double integrals + nquad : N-dimensional integrals + romb : Integrators for sampled data + simpson : Integrators for sampled data + scipy.special : For coefficients and roots of orthogonal polynomials + + Notes + ----- + For valid results, the integral must converge; behavior for divergent + integrals is not guaranteed. + + **Details of QUADPACK level routines** + + `quad` calls routines from the FORTRAN library QUADPACK. This section + provides details on the conditions for each routine to be called and a + short description of each routine. For each level of integration, ``qagse`` + is used for finite limits or ``qagie`` is used, if either limit (or both!) + are infinite. The following provides a short description from [1]_ for each + routine. + + qagse + is an integrator based on globally adaptive interval + subdivision in connection with extrapolation, which will + eliminate the effects of integrand singularities of + several types. The integration is is performed using a 21-point Gauss-Kronrod + quadrature within each subinterval. + qagie + handles integration over infinite intervals. The infinite range is + mapped onto a finite interval and subsequently the same strategy as + in ``QAGS`` is applied. + + References + ---------- + + .. [1] Piessens, Robert; de Doncker-Kapenga, Elise; + Überhuber, Christoph W.; Kahaner, David (1983). + QUADPACK: A subroutine package for automatic integration. + Springer-Verlag. + ISBN 978-3-540-12553-2. + + Examples + -------- + Compute the triple integral of ``x * y * z``, over ``x`` ranging + from 1 to 2, ``y`` ranging from 2 to 3, ``z`` ranging from 0 to 1. + That is, :math:`\\int^{x=2}_{x=1} \\int^{y=3}_{y=2} \\int^{z=1}_{z=0} x y z + \\,dz \\,dy \\,dx`. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> f = lambda z, y, x: x*y*z + >>> integrate.tplquad(f, 1, 2, 2, 3, 0, 1) + (1.8749999999999998, 3.3246447942574074e-14) + + Calculate :math:`\\int^{x=1}_{x=0} \\int^{y=1-2x}_{y=0} + \\int^{z=1-x-2y}_{z=0} x y z \\,dz \\,dy \\,dx`. + Note: `qfun`/`rfun` takes arguments in the order (x, y), even though ``f`` + takes arguments in the order (z, y, x). + + >>> f = lambda z, y, x: x*y*z + >>> integrate.tplquad(f, 0, 1, 0, lambda x: 1-2*x, 0, lambda x, y: 1-x-2*y) + (0.05416666666666668, 2.1774196738157757e-14) + + Calculate :math:`\\int^{x=1}_{x=0} \\int^{y=1}_{y=0} \\int^{z=1}_{z=0} + a x y z \\,dz \\,dy \\,dx` for :math:`a=1, 3`. + + >>> f = lambda z, y, x, a: a*x*y*z + >>> integrate.tplquad(f, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, args=(1,)) + (0.125, 5.527033708952211e-15) + >>> integrate.tplquad(f, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, args=(3,)) + (0.375, 1.6581101126856635e-14) + + Compute the three-dimensional Gaussian Integral, which is the integral of + the Gaussian function :math:`f(x,y,z) = e^{-(x^{2} + y^{2} + z^{2})}`, over + :math:`(-\\infty,+\\infty)`. That is, compute the integral + :math:`\\iiint^{+\\infty}_{-\\infty} e^{-(x^{2} + y^{2} + z^{2})} \\,dz + \\,dy\\,dx`. + + >>> f = lambda x, y, z: np.exp(-(x ** 2 + y ** 2 + z ** 2)) + >>> integrate.tplquad(f, -np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf) + (5.568327996830833, 4.4619078828029765e-08) + + """ + # f(z, y, x) + # qfun/rfun(x, y) + # gfun/hfun(x) + # nquad will hand (y, x, t0, ...) to ranges0 + # nquad will hand (x, t0, ...) to ranges1 + # Only qfun / rfun is different API... + + def ranges0(*args): + return [qfun(args[1], args[0]) if callable(qfun) else qfun, + rfun(args[1], args[0]) if callable(rfun) else rfun] + + def ranges1(*args): + return [gfun(args[0]) if callable(gfun) else gfun, + hfun(args[0]) if callable(hfun) else hfun] + + ranges = [ranges0, ranges1, [a, b]] + return nquad(func, ranges, args=args, + opts={"epsabs": epsabs, "epsrel": epsrel}) + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def nquad(func, ranges, args=None, opts=None, full_output=False): + r""" + Integration over multiple variables. + + Wraps `quad` to enable integration over multiple variables. + Various options allow improved integration of discontinuous functions, as + well as the use of weighted integration, and generally finer control of the + integration process. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : {callable, scipy.LowLevelCallable} + The function to be integrated. Has arguments of ``x0, ..., xn``, + ``t0, ..., tm``, where integration is carried out over ``x0, ..., xn``, + which must be floats. Where ``t0, ..., tm`` are extra arguments + passed in args. + Function signature should be ``func(x0, x1, ..., xn, t0, t1, ..., tm)``. + Integration is carried out in order. That is, integration over ``x0`` + is the innermost integral, and ``xn`` is the outermost. + + If the user desires improved integration performance, then `f` may + be a `scipy.LowLevelCallable` with one of the signatures:: + + double func(int n, double *xx) + double func(int n, double *xx, void *user_data) + + where ``n`` is the number of variables and args. The ``xx`` array + contains the coordinates and extra arguments. ``user_data`` is the data + contained in the `scipy.LowLevelCallable`. + ranges : iterable object + Each element of ranges may be either a sequence of 2 numbers, or else + a callable that returns such a sequence. ``ranges[0]`` corresponds to + integration over x0, and so on. If an element of ranges is a callable, + then it will be called with all of the integration arguments available, + as well as any parametric arguments. e.g., if + ``func = f(x0, x1, x2, t0, t1)``, then ``ranges[0]`` may be defined as + either ``(a, b)`` or else as ``(a, b) = range0(x1, x2, t0, t1)``. + args : iterable object, optional + Additional arguments ``t0, ..., tn``, required by ``func``, ``ranges``, + and ``opts``. + opts : iterable object or dict, optional + Options to be passed to `quad`. May be empty, a dict, or + a sequence of dicts or functions that return a dict. If empty, the + default options from scipy.integrate.quad are used. If a dict, the same + options are used for all levels of integraion. If a sequence, then each + element of the sequence corresponds to a particular integration. e.g., + ``opts[0]`` corresponds to integration over ``x0``, and so on. If a + callable, the signature must be the same as for ``ranges``. The + available options together with their default values are: + + - epsabs = 1.49e-08 + - epsrel = 1.49e-08 + - limit = 50 + - points = None + - weight = None + - wvar = None + - wopts = None + + For more information on these options, see `quad`. + + full_output : bool, optional + Partial implementation of ``full_output`` from scipy.integrate.quad. + The number of integrand function evaluations ``neval`` can be obtained + by setting ``full_output=True`` when calling nquad. + + Returns + ------- + result : float + The result of the integration. + abserr : float + The maximum of the estimates of the absolute error in the various + integration results. + out_dict : dict, optional + A dict containing additional information on the integration. + + See Also + -------- + quad : 1-D numerical integration + dblquad, tplquad : double and triple integrals + fixed_quad : fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + + Notes + ----- + For valid results, the integral must converge; behavior for divergent + integrals is not guaranteed. + + **Details of QUADPACK level routines** + + `nquad` calls routines from the FORTRAN library QUADPACK. This section + provides details on the conditions for each routine to be called and a + short description of each routine. The routine called depends on + `weight`, `points` and the integration limits `a` and `b`. + + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + QUADPACK routine `weight` `points` infinite bounds + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + qagse None No No + qagie None No Yes + qagpe None Yes No + qawoe 'sin', 'cos' No No + qawfe 'sin', 'cos' No either `a` or `b` + qawse 'alg*' No No + qawce 'cauchy' No No + ================ ============== ========== ===================== + + The following provides a short description from [1]_ for each + routine. + + qagse + is an integrator based on globally adaptive interval + subdivision in connection with extrapolation, which will + eliminate the effects of integrand singularities of + several types. The integration is is performed using a 21-point Gauss-Kronrod + quadrature within each subinterval. + qagie + handles integration over infinite intervals. The infinite range is + mapped onto a finite interval and subsequently the same strategy as + in ``QAGS`` is applied. + qagpe + serves the same purposes as QAGS, but also allows the + user to provide explicit information about the location + and type of trouble-spots i.e. the abscissae of internal + singularities, discontinuities and other difficulties of + the integrand function. + qawoe + is an integrator for the evaluation of + :math:`\int^b_a \cos(\omega x)f(x)dx` or + :math:`\int^b_a \sin(\omega x)f(x)dx` + over a finite interval [a,b], where :math:`\omega` and :math:`f` + are specified by the user. The rule evaluation component is based + on the modified Clenshaw-Curtis technique + + An adaptive subdivision scheme is used in connection + with an extrapolation procedure, which is a modification + of that in ``QAGS`` and allows the algorithm to deal with + singularities in :math:`f(x)`. + qawfe + calculates the Fourier transform + :math:`\int^\infty_a \cos(\omega x)f(x)dx` or + :math:`\int^\infty_a \sin(\omega x)f(x)dx` + for user-provided :math:`\omega` and :math:`f`. The procedure of + ``QAWO`` is applied on successive finite intervals, and convergence + acceleration by means of the :math:`\varepsilon`-algorithm is applied + to the series of integral approximations. + qawse + approximate :math:`\int^b_a w(x)f(x)dx`, with :math:`a < b` where + :math:`w(x) = (x-a)^{\alpha}(b-x)^{\beta}v(x)` with + :math:`\alpha,\beta > -1`, where :math:`v(x)` may be one of the + following functions: :math:`1`, :math:`\log(x-a)`, :math:`\log(b-x)`, + :math:`\log(x-a)\log(b-x)`. + + The user specifies :math:`\alpha`, :math:`\beta` and the type of the + function :math:`v`. A globally adaptive subdivision strategy is + applied, with modified Clenshaw-Curtis integration on those + subintervals which contain `a` or `b`. + qawce + compute :math:`\int^b_a f(x) / (x-c)dx` where the integral must be + interpreted as a Cauchy principal value integral, for user specified + :math:`c` and :math:`f`. The strategy is globally adaptive. Modified + Clenshaw-Curtis integration is used on those intervals containing the + point :math:`x = c`. + + References + ---------- + + .. [1] Piessens, Robert; de Doncker-Kapenga, Elise; + Überhuber, Christoph W.; Kahaner, David (1983). + QUADPACK: A subroutine package for automatic integration. + Springer-Verlag. + ISBN 978-3-540-12553-2. + + Examples + -------- + Calculate + + .. math:: + + \int^{1}_{-0.15} \int^{0.8}_{0.13} \int^{1}_{-1} \int^{1}_{0} + f(x_0, x_1, x_2, x_3) \,dx_0 \,dx_1 \,dx_2 \,dx_3 , + + where + + .. math:: + + f(x_0, x_1, x_2, x_3) = \begin{cases} + x_0^2+x_1 x_2-x_3^3+ \sin{x_0}+1 & (x_0-0.2 x_3-0.5-0.25 x_1 > 0) \\ + x_0^2+x_1 x_2-x_3^3+ \sin{x_0}+0 & (x_0-0.2 x_3-0.5-0.25 x_1 \leq 0) + \end{cases} . + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> func = lambda x0,x1,x2,x3 : x0**2 + x1*x2 - x3**3 + np.sin(x0) + ( + ... 1 if (x0-.2*x3-.5-.25*x1>0) else 0) + >>> def opts0(*args, **kwargs): + ... return {'points':[0.2*args[2] + 0.5 + 0.25*args[0]]} + >>> integrate.nquad(func, [[0,1], [-1,1], [.13,.8], [-.15,1]], + ... opts=[opts0,{},{},{}], full_output=True) + (1.5267454070738633, 2.9437360001402324e-14, {'neval': 388962}) + + Calculate + + .. math:: + + \int^{t_0+t_1+1}_{t_0+t_1-1} + \int^{x_2+t_0^2 t_1^3+1}_{x_2+t_0^2 t_1^3-1} + \int^{t_0 x_1+t_1 x_2+1}_{t_0 x_1+t_1 x_2-1} + f(x_0,x_1, x_2,t_0,t_1) + \,dx_0 \,dx_1 \,dx_2, + + where + + .. math:: + + f(x_0, x_1, x_2, t_0, t_1) = \begin{cases} + x_0 x_2^2 + \sin{x_1}+2 & (x_0+t_1 x_1-t_0 > 0) \\ + x_0 x_2^2 +\sin{x_1}+1 & (x_0+t_1 x_1-t_0 \leq 0) + \end{cases} + + and :math:`(t_0, t_1) = (0, 1)` . + + >>> def func2(x0, x1, x2, t0, t1): + ... return x0*x2**2 + np.sin(x1) + 1 + (1 if x0+t1*x1-t0>0 else 0) + >>> def lim0(x1, x2, t0, t1): + ... return [t0*x1 + t1*x2 - 1, t0*x1 + t1*x2 + 1] + >>> def lim1(x2, t0, t1): + ... return [x2 + t0**2*t1**3 - 1, x2 + t0**2*t1**3 + 1] + >>> def lim2(t0, t1): + ... return [t0 + t1 - 1, t0 + t1 + 1] + >>> def opts0(x1, x2, t0, t1): + ... return {'points' : [t0 - t1*x1]} + >>> def opts1(x2, t0, t1): + ... return {} + >>> def opts2(t0, t1): + ... return {} + >>> integrate.nquad(func2, [lim0, lim1, lim2], args=(0,1), + ... opts=[opts0, opts1, opts2]) + (36.099919226771625, 1.8546948553373528e-07) + + """ + depth = len(ranges) + ranges = [rng if callable(rng) else _RangeFunc(rng) for rng in ranges] + if args is None: + args = () + if opts is None: + opts = [dict([])] * depth + + if isinstance(opts, dict): + opts = [_OptFunc(opts)] * depth + else: + opts = [opt if callable(opt) else _OptFunc(opt) for opt in opts] + return _NQuad(func, ranges, opts, full_output).integrate(*args) + + +class _RangeFunc: + def __init__(self, range_): + self.range_ = range_ + + def __call__(self, *args): + """Return stored value. + + *args needed because range_ can be float or func, and is called with + variable number of parameters. + """ + return self.range_ + + +class _OptFunc: + def __init__(self, opt): + self.opt = opt + + def __call__(self, *args): + """Return stored dict.""" + return self.opt + + +class _NQuad: + def __init__(self, func, ranges, opts, full_output): + self.abserr = 0 + self.func = func + self.ranges = ranges + self.opts = opts + self.maxdepth = len(ranges) + self.full_output = full_output + if self.full_output: + self.out_dict = {'neval': 0} + + def integrate(self, *args, **kwargs): + depth = kwargs.pop('depth', 0) + if kwargs: + raise ValueError('unexpected kwargs') + + # Get the integration range and options for this depth. + ind = -(depth + 1) + fn_range = self.ranges[ind] + low, high = fn_range(*args) + fn_opt = self.opts[ind] + opt = dict(fn_opt(*args)) + + if 'points' in opt: + opt['points'] = [x for x in opt['points'] if low <= x <= high] + if depth + 1 == self.maxdepth: + f = self.func + else: + f = partial(self.integrate, depth=depth+1) + quad_r = quad(f, low, high, args=args, full_output=self.full_output, + **opt) + value = quad_r[0] + abserr = quad_r[1] + if self.full_output: + infodict = quad_r[2] + # The 'neval' parameter in full_output returns the total + # number of times the integrand function was evaluated. + # Therefore, only the innermost integration loop counts. + if depth + 1 == self.maxdepth: + self.out_dict['neval'] += infodict['neval'] + self.abserr = max(self.abserr, abserr) + if depth > 0: + return value + else: + # Final result of N-D integration with error + if self.full_output: + return value, self.abserr, self.out_dict + else: + return value, self.abserr diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadrature.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadrature.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9a6db8fe5f680f0e523a35cbe20a9601ca32147a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_quadrature.py @@ -0,0 +1,1370 @@ +import numpy as np +import math +import warnings +from collections import namedtuple +from collections.abc import Callable + +from scipy.special import roots_legendre +from scipy.special import gammaln, logsumexp +from scipy._lib._util import _rng_spawn +from scipy._lib._array_api import (_asarray, array_namespace, xp_result_type, xp_copy, + xp_capabilities, xp_promote, xp_swapaxes, is_numpy) +import scipy._lib.array_api_extra as xpx + + +__all__ = ['fixed_quad', 'romb', + 'trapezoid', 'simpson', + 'cumulative_trapezoid', 'newton_cotes', + 'qmc_quad', 'cumulative_simpson'] + + +@xp_capabilities(skip_backends=[('jax.numpy', + "JAX arrays do not support item assignment")]) +def trapezoid(y, x=None, dx=1.0, axis=-1): + r""" + Integrate along the given axis using the composite trapezoidal rule. + + If `x` is provided, the integration happens in sequence along its + elements - they are not sorted. + + Integrate `y` (`x`) along each 1d slice on the given axis, compute + :math:`\int y(x) dx`. + When `x` is specified, this integrates along the parametric curve, + computing :math:`\int_t y(t) dt = + \int_t y(t) \left.\frac{dx}{dt}\right|_{x=x(t)} dt`. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : array_like + Input array to integrate. + x : array_like, optional + The sample points corresponding to the `y` values. If `x` is None, + the sample points are assumed to be evenly spaced `dx` apart. The + default is None. + dx : scalar, optional + The spacing between sample points when `x` is None. The default is 1. + axis : int, optional + The axis along which to integrate. The default is the last axis. + + Returns + ------- + trapezoid : float or ndarray + Definite integral of `y` = n-dimensional array as approximated along + a single axis by the trapezoidal rule. If `y` is a 1-dimensional array, + then the result is a float. If `n` is greater than 1, then the result + is an `n`-1 dimensional array. + + See Also + -------- + cumulative_trapezoid, simpson, romb + + Notes + ----- + Image [2]_ illustrates trapezoidal rule -- y-axis locations of points + will be taken from `y` array, by default x-axis distances between + points will be 1.0, alternatively they can be provided with `x` array + or with `dx` scalar. Return value will be equal to combined area under + the red lines. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapezoidal_rule + + .. [2] Illustration image: + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Composite_trapezoidal_rule_illustration.png + + Examples + -------- + Use the trapezoidal rule on evenly spaced points: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> integrate.trapezoid([1, 2, 3]) + 4.0 + + The spacing between sample points can be selected by either the + ``x`` or ``dx`` arguments: + + >>> integrate.trapezoid([1, 2, 3], x=[4, 6, 8]) + 8.0 + >>> integrate.trapezoid([1, 2, 3], dx=2) + 8.0 + + Using a decreasing ``x`` corresponds to integrating in reverse: + + >>> integrate.trapezoid([1, 2, 3], x=[8, 6, 4]) + -8.0 + + More generally ``x`` is used to integrate along a parametric curve. We can + estimate the integral :math:`\int_0^1 x^2 = 1/3` using: + + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 1, num=50) + >>> y = x**2 + >>> integrate.trapezoid(y, x) + 0.33340274885464394 + + Or estimate the area of a circle, noting we repeat the sample which closes + the curve: + + >>> theta = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, num=1000, endpoint=True) + >>> integrate.trapezoid(np.cos(theta), x=np.sin(theta)) + 3.141571941375841 + + ``trapezoid`` can be applied along a specified axis to do multiple + computations in one call: + + >>> a = np.arange(6).reshape(2, 3) + >>> a + array([[0, 1, 2], + [3, 4, 5]]) + >>> integrate.trapezoid(a, axis=0) + array([1.5, 2.5, 3.5]) + >>> integrate.trapezoid(a, axis=1) + array([2., 8.]) + """ + xp = array_namespace(y) + y = _asarray(y, xp=xp, subok=True) + # Cannot just use the broadcasted arrays that are returned + # because trapezoid does not follow normal broadcasting rules + # cf. https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/21524#issuecomment-2354105942 + result_dtype = xp_result_type(y, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + nd = y.ndim + slice1 = [slice(None)]*nd + slice2 = [slice(None)]*nd + slice1[axis] = slice(1, None) + slice2[axis] = slice(None, -1) + if x is None: + d = dx + else: + x = _asarray(x, xp=xp, subok=True) + if x.ndim == 1: + d = x[1:] - x[:-1] + # make d broadcastable to y + slice3 = [None] * nd + slice3[axis] = slice(None) + d = d[tuple(slice3)] + else: + # if x is n-D it should be broadcastable to y + x = xp.broadcast_to(x, y.shape) + d = x[tuple(slice1)] - x[tuple(slice2)] + try: + ret = xp.sum( + d * (y[tuple(slice1)] + y[tuple(slice2)]) / 2.0, + axis=axis, dtype=result_dtype + ) + except ValueError: + # Operations didn't work, cast to ndarray + d = xp.asarray(d) + y = xp.asarray(y) + ret = xp.sum( + d * (y[tuple(slice1)] + y[tuple(slice2)]) / 2.0, + axis=axis, dtype=result_dtype + ) + return ret + + +def _cached_roots_legendre(n): + """ + Cache roots_legendre results to speed up calls of the fixed_quad + function. + """ + if n in _cached_roots_legendre.cache: + return _cached_roots_legendre.cache[n] + + _cached_roots_legendre.cache[n] = roots_legendre(n) + return _cached_roots_legendre.cache[n] + + +_cached_roots_legendre.cache = dict() + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def fixed_quad(func, a, b, args=(), n=5): + """ + Compute a definite integral using fixed-order Gaussian quadrature. + + Integrate `func` from `a` to `b` using Gaussian quadrature of + order `n`. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : callable + A Python function or method to integrate (must accept vector inputs). + If integrating a vector-valued function, the returned array must have + shape ``(..., len(x))``. + a : float + Lower limit of integration. + b : float + Upper limit of integration. + args : tuple, optional + Extra arguments to pass to function, if any. + n : int, optional + Order of quadrature integration. Default is 5. + + Returns + ------- + val : float + Gaussian quadrature approximation to the integral + none : None + Statically returned value of None + + See Also + -------- + quad : adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK + dblquad : double integrals + tplquad : triple integrals + romb : integrators for sampled data + simpson : integrators for sampled data + cumulative_trapezoid : cumulative integration for sampled data + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> f = lambda x: x**8 + >>> integrate.fixed_quad(f, 0.0, 1.0, n=4) + (0.1110884353741496, None) + >>> integrate.fixed_quad(f, 0.0, 1.0, n=5) + (0.11111111111111102, None) + >>> print(1/9.0) # analytical result + 0.1111111111111111 + + >>> integrate.fixed_quad(np.cos, 0.0, np.pi/2, n=4) + (0.9999999771971152, None) + >>> integrate.fixed_quad(np.cos, 0.0, np.pi/2, n=5) + (1.000000000039565, None) + >>> np.sin(np.pi/2)-np.sin(0) # analytical result + 1.0 + + """ + x, w = _cached_roots_legendre(n) + x = np.real(x) + if np.isinf(a) or np.isinf(b): + raise ValueError("Gaussian quadrature is only available for " + "finite limits.") + y = (b-a)*(x+1)/2.0 + a + return (b-a)/2.0 * np.sum(w*func(y, *args), axis=-1), None + + +def tupleset(t, i, value): + l = list(t) + l[i] = value + return tuple(l) + + +@xp_capabilities() +def cumulative_trapezoid(y, x=None, dx=1.0, axis=-1, initial=None): + """ + Cumulatively integrate y(x) using the composite trapezoidal rule. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : array_like + Values to integrate. + x : array_like, optional + The coordinate to integrate along. If None (default), use spacing `dx` + between consecutive elements in `y`. + dx : float, optional + Spacing between elements of `y`. Only used if `x` is None. + axis : int, optional + Specifies the axis to cumulate. Default is -1 (last axis). + initial : scalar, optional + If given, insert this value at the beginning of the returned result. + 0 or None are the only values accepted. Default is None, which means + `res` has one element less than `y` along the axis of integration. + + Returns + ------- + res : ndarray + The result of cumulative integration of `y` along `axis`. + If `initial` is None, the shape is such that the axis of integration + has one less value than `y`. If `initial` is given, the shape is equal + to that of `y`. + + See Also + -------- + numpy.cumsum, numpy.cumprod + cumulative_simpson : cumulative integration using Simpson's 1/3 rule + quad : adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK + fixed_quad : fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + dblquad : double integrals + tplquad : triple integrals + romb : integrators for sampled data + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + + >>> x = np.linspace(-2, 2, num=20) + >>> y = x + >>> y_int = integrate.cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=0) + >>> plt.plot(x, y_int, 'ro', x, y[0] + 0.5 * x**2, 'b-') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + xp = array_namespace(y) + y = xp.asarray(y) + + if y.shape[axis] == 0: + raise ValueError("At least one point is required along `axis`.") + + if x is None: + d = dx + else: + x = xp.asarray(x) + if x.ndim == 1: + d = xp.diff(x) + # reshape to correct shape + shape = [1] * y.ndim + shape[axis] = -1 + d = xp.reshape(d, tuple(shape)) + elif len(x.shape) != len(y.shape): + raise ValueError("If given, shape of x must be 1-D or the " + "same as y.") + else: + d = xp.diff(x, axis=axis) + + if d.shape[axis] != y.shape[axis] - 1: + raise ValueError("If given, length of x along axis must be the " + "same as y.") + + nd = len(y.shape) + slice1 = tupleset((slice(None),)*nd, axis, slice(1, None)) + slice2 = tupleset((slice(None),)*nd, axis, slice(None, -1)) + res = xp.cumulative_sum(d * (y[slice1] + y[slice2]) / 2.0, axis=axis) + + if initial is not None: + if initial != 0: + raise ValueError("`initial` must be `None` or `0`.") + if not np.isscalar(initial): + raise ValueError("`initial` parameter should be a scalar.") + + shape = list(res.shape) + shape[axis] = 1 + res = xp.concat((xp.full(tuple(shape), initial, dtype=res.dtype), res), + axis=axis) + + return res + + +def _basic_simpson(y, start, stop, x, dx, axis): + nd = len(y.shape) + if start is None: + start = 0 + step = 2 + slice_all = (slice(None),)*nd + slice0 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(start, stop, step)) + slice1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(start+1, stop+1, step)) + slice2 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(start+2, stop+2, step)) + + if x is None: # Even-spaced Simpson's rule. + result = np.sum(y[slice0] + 4.0*y[slice1] + y[slice2], axis=axis) + result *= dx / 3.0 + else: + # Account for possibly different spacings. + # Simpson's rule changes a bit. + h = np.diff(x, axis=axis) + sl0 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(start, stop, step)) + sl1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(start+1, stop+1, step)) + h0 = h[sl0].astype(float, copy=False) + h1 = h[sl1].astype(float, copy=False) + hsum = h0 + h1 + hprod = h0 * h1 + h0divh1 = np.true_divide(h0, h1, out=np.zeros_like(h0), where=h1 != 0) + tmp = hsum/6.0 * (y[slice0] * + (2.0 - np.true_divide(1.0, h0divh1, + out=np.zeros_like(h0divh1), + where=h0divh1 != 0)) + + y[slice1] * (hsum * + np.true_divide(hsum, hprod, + out=np.zeros_like(hsum), + where=hprod != 0)) + + y[slice2] * (2.0 - h0divh1)) + result = np.sum(tmp, axis=axis) + return result + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def simpson(y, x=None, *, dx=1.0, axis=-1): + """ + Integrate y(x) using samples along the given axis and the composite + Simpson's rule. If x is None, spacing of dx is assumed. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : array_like + Array to be integrated. + x : array_like, optional + If given, the points at which `y` is sampled. + dx : float, optional + Spacing of integration points along axis of `x`. Only used when + `x` is None. Default is 1. + axis : int, optional + Axis along which to integrate. Default is the last axis. + + Returns + ------- + float + The estimated integral computed with the composite Simpson's rule. + + See Also + -------- + quad : adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK + fixed_quad : fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + dblquad : double integrals + tplquad : triple integrals + romb : integrators for sampled data + cumulative_trapezoid : cumulative integration for sampled data + cumulative_simpson : cumulative integration using Simpson's 1/3 rule + + Notes + ----- + For an odd number of samples that are equally spaced the result is + exact if the function is a polynomial of order 3 or less. If + the samples are not equally spaced, then the result is exact only + if the function is a polynomial of order 2 or less. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Cartwright, Kenneth V. Simpson's Rule Cumulative Integration with + MS Excel and Irregularly-spaced Data. Journal of Mathematical + Sciences and Mathematics Education. 12 (2): 1-9 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.arange(0, 10) + >>> y = np.arange(0, 10) + + >>> integrate.simpson(y, x=x) + 40.5 + + >>> y = np.power(x, 3) + >>> integrate.simpson(y, x=x) + 1640.5 + >>> integrate.quad(lambda x: x**3, 0, 9)[0] + 1640.25 + + """ + y = np.asarray(y) + nd = len(y.shape) + N = y.shape[axis] + last_dx = dx + returnshape = 0 + if x is not None: + x = np.asarray(x) + if len(x.shape) == 1: + shapex = [1] * nd + shapex[axis] = x.shape[0] + saveshape = x.shape + returnshape = 1 + x = x.reshape(tuple(shapex)) + elif len(x.shape) != len(y.shape): + raise ValueError("If given, shape of x must be 1-D or the " + "same as y.") + if x.shape[axis] != N: + raise ValueError("If given, length of x along axis must be the " + "same as y.") + + if N % 2 == 0: + val = 0.0 + result = 0.0 + slice_all = (slice(None),) * nd + + if N == 2: + # need at least 3 points in integration axis to form parabolic + # segment. If there are two points then any of 'avg', 'first', + # 'last' should give the same result. + slice1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -1) + slice2 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -2) + if x is not None: + last_dx = x[slice1] - x[slice2] + val += 0.5 * last_dx * (y[slice1] + y[slice2]) + else: + # use Simpson's rule on first intervals + result = _basic_simpson(y, 0, N-3, x, dx, axis) + + slice1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -1) + slice2 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -2) + slice3 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -3) + + h = np.asarray([dx, dx], dtype=np.float64) + if x is not None: + # grab the last two spacings from the appropriate axis + hm2 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(-2, -1, 1)) + hm1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, slice(-1, None, 1)) + + diffs = np.float64(np.diff(x, axis=axis)) + h = [np.squeeze(diffs[hm2], axis=axis), + np.squeeze(diffs[hm1], axis=axis)] + + # This is the correction for the last interval according to + # Cartwright. + # However, I used the equations given at + # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpson%27s_rule#Composite_Simpson's_rule_for_irregularly_spaced_data + # A footnote on Wikipedia says: + # Cartwright 2017, Equation 8. The equation in Cartwright is + # calculating the first interval whereas the equations in the + # Wikipedia article are adjusting for the last integral. If the + # proper algebraic substitutions are made, the equation results in + # the values shown. + num = 2 * h[1] ** 2 + 3 * h[0] * h[1] + den = 6 * (h[1] + h[0]) + alpha = np.true_divide( + num, + den, + out=np.zeros_like(den), + where=den != 0 + ) + + num = h[1] ** 2 + 3.0 * h[0] * h[1] + den = 6 * h[0] + beta = np.true_divide( + num, + den, + out=np.zeros_like(den), + where=den != 0 + ) + + num = 1 * h[1] ** 3 + den = 6 * h[0] * (h[0] + h[1]) + eta = np.true_divide( + num, + den, + out=np.zeros_like(den), + where=den != 0 + ) + + result += alpha*y[slice1] + beta*y[slice2] - eta*y[slice3] + + result += val + else: + result = _basic_simpson(y, 0, N-2, x, dx, axis) + if returnshape: + x = x.reshape(saveshape) + return result + + +def _cumulatively_sum_simpson_integrals( + y: np.ndarray, + dx: np.ndarray, + integration_func: Callable[[np.ndarray, np.ndarray], np.ndarray], + xp +) -> np.ndarray: + """Calculate cumulative sum of Simpson integrals. + Takes as input the integration function to be used. + The integration_func is assumed to return the cumulative sum using + composite Simpson's rule. Assumes the axis of summation is -1. + """ + sub_integrals_h1 = integration_func(y, dx) + sub_integrals_h2 = xp.flip( + integration_func(xp.flip(y, axis=-1), xp.flip(dx, axis=-1)), + axis=-1 + ) + + shape = list(sub_integrals_h1.shape) + shape[-1] += 1 + sub_integrals = xp.empty(shape, dtype=xp.result_type(y, dx)) + sub_integrals[..., :-1:2] = sub_integrals_h1[..., ::2] + sub_integrals[..., 1::2] = sub_integrals_h2[..., ::2] + # Integral over last subinterval can only be calculated from + # formula for h2 + sub_integrals[..., -1] = sub_integrals_h2[..., -1] + res = xp.cumulative_sum(sub_integrals, axis=-1) + return res + + +def _cumulative_simpson_equal_intervals(y: np.ndarray, dx: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: + """Calculate the Simpson integrals for all h1 intervals assuming equal interval + widths. The function can also be used to calculate the integral for all + h2 intervals by reversing the inputs, `y` and `dx`. + """ + d = dx[..., :-1] + f1 = y[..., :-2] + f2 = y[..., 1:-1] + f3 = y[..., 2:] + + # Calculate integral over the subintervals (eqn (10) of Reference [2]) + return d / 3 * (5 * f1 / 4 + 2 * f2 - f3 / 4) + + +def _cumulative_simpson_unequal_intervals(y: np.ndarray, dx: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray: + """Calculate the Simpson integrals for all h1 intervals assuming unequal interval + widths. The function can also be used to calculate the integral for all + h2 intervals by reversing the inputs, `y` and `dx`. + """ + x21 = dx[..., :-1] + x32 = dx[..., 1:] + f1 = y[..., :-2] + f2 = y[..., 1:-1] + f3 = y[..., 2:] + + x31 = x21 + x32 + x21_x31 = x21/x31 + x21_x32 = x21/x32 + x21x21_x31x32 = x21_x31 * x21_x32 + + # Calculate integral over the subintervals (eqn (8) of Reference [2]) + coeff1 = 3 - x21_x31 + coeff2 = 3 + x21x21_x31x32 + x21_x31 + coeff3 = -x21x21_x31x32 + + return x21/6 * (coeff1*f1 + coeff2*f2 + coeff3*f3) + + +@xp_capabilities(allow_dask_compute=1, + skip_backends=[("jax.numpy", "item assignment")]) +def cumulative_simpson(y, *, x=None, dx=1.0, axis=-1, initial=None): + r""" + Cumulatively integrate y(x) using the composite Simpson's 1/3 rule. + The integral of the samples at every point is calculated by assuming a + quadratic relationship between each point and the two adjacent points. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : array_like + Values to integrate. Requires at least one point along `axis`. If two or fewer + points are provided along `axis`, Simpson's integration is not possible and the + result is calculated with `cumulative_trapezoid`. + x : array_like, optional + The coordinate to integrate along. Must have the same shape as `y` or + must be 1D with the same length as `y` along `axis`. `x` must also be + strictly increasing along `axis`. + If `x` is None (default), integration is performed using spacing `dx` + between consecutive elements in `y`. + dx : scalar or array_like, optional + Spacing between elements of `y`. Only used if `x` is None. Can either + be a float, or an array with the same shape as `y`, but of length one along + `axis`. Default is 1.0. + axis : int, optional + Specifies the axis to integrate along. Default is -1 (last axis). + initial : scalar or array_like, optional + If given, insert this value at the beginning of the returned result, + and add it to the rest of the result. Default is None, which means no + value at ``x[0]`` is returned and `res` has one element less than `y` + along the axis of integration. Can either be a float, or an array with + the same shape as `y`, but of length one along `axis`. + + Returns + ------- + res : ndarray + The result of cumulative integration of `y` along `axis`. + If `initial` is None, the shape is such that the axis of integration + has one less value than `y`. If `initial` is given, the shape is equal + to that of `y`. + + See Also + -------- + numpy.cumsum + cumulative_trapezoid : cumulative integration using the composite + trapezoidal rule + simpson : integrator for sampled data using the Composite Simpson's Rule + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 1.12.0 + + The composite Simpson's 1/3 method can be used to approximate the definite + integral of a sampled input function :math:`y(x)` [1]_. The method assumes + a quadratic relationship over the interval containing any three consecutive + sampled points. + + Consider three consecutive points: + :math:`(x_1, y_1), (x_2, y_2), (x_3, y_3)`. + + Assuming a quadratic relationship over the three points, the integral over + the subinterval between :math:`x_1` and :math:`x_2` is given by formula + (8) of [2]_: + + .. math:: + \int_{x_1}^{x_2} y(x) dx\ &= \frac{x_2-x_1}{6}\left[\ + \left\{3-\frac{x_2-x_1}{x_3-x_1}\right\} y_1 + \ + \left\{3 + \frac{(x_2-x_1)^2}{(x_3-x_2)(x_3-x_1)} + \ + \frac{x_2-x_1}{x_3-x_1}\right\} y_2\\ + - \frac{(x_2-x_1)^2}{(x_3-x_2)(x_3-x_1)} y_3\right] + + The integral between :math:`x_2` and :math:`x_3` is given by swapping + appearances of :math:`x_1` and :math:`x_3`. The integral is estimated + separately for each subinterval and then cumulatively summed to obtain + the final result. + + For samples that are equally spaced, the result is exact if the function + is a polynomial of order three or less [1]_ and the number of subintervals + is even. Otherwise, the integral is exact for polynomials of order two or + less. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpson's_rule + .. [2] Cartwright, Kenneth V. Simpson's Rule Cumulative Integration with + MS Excel and Irregularly-spaced Data. Journal of Mathematical + Sciences and Mathematics Education. 12 (2): 1-9 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> x = np.linspace(-2, 2, num=20) + >>> y = x**2 + >>> y_int = integrate.cumulative_simpson(y, x=x, initial=0) + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(x, y_int, 'ro', x, x**3/3 - (x[0])**3/3, 'b-') + >>> ax.grid() + >>> plt.show() + + The output of `cumulative_simpson` is similar to that of iteratively + calling `simpson` with successively higher upper limits of integration, but + not identical. + + >>> def cumulative_simpson_reference(y, x): + ... return np.asarray([integrate.simpson(y[:i], x=x[:i]) + ... for i in range(2, len(y) + 1)]) + >>> + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng(354673834679465) + >>> x, y = rng.random(size=(2, 10)) + >>> x.sort() + >>> + >>> res = integrate.cumulative_simpson(y, x=x) + >>> ref = cumulative_simpson_reference(y, x) + >>> equal = np.abs(res - ref) < 1e-15 + >>> equal # not equal when `simpson` has even number of subintervals + array([False, True, False, True, False, True, False, True, True]) + + This is expected: because `cumulative_simpson` has access to more + information than `simpson`, it can typically produce more accurate + estimates of the underlying integral over subintervals. + + """ + xp = array_namespace(y) + y = xp_promote(y, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + + # validate `axis` and standardize to work along the last axis + original_y = y + original_shape = y.shape + try: + y = xp_swapaxes(y, axis, -1, xp) + except IndexError as e: + message = f"`axis={axis}` is not valid for `y` with `y.ndim={y.ndim}`." + raise ValueError(message) from e + if y.shape[-1] < 3: + res = cumulative_trapezoid(original_y, x, dx=dx, axis=axis, initial=None) + res = xp_swapaxes(res, axis, -1, xp) + + elif x is not None: + x = xp_promote(x, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + message = ("If given, shape of `x` must be the same as `y` or 1-D with " + "the same length as `y` along `axis`.") + if not (x.shape == original_shape + or (x.ndim == 1 and x.shape[0] == original_shape[axis])): + raise ValueError(message) + + x = xp.broadcast_to(x, y.shape) if x.ndim == 1 else xp_swapaxes(x, axis, -1, xp) + dx = xp.diff(x, axis=-1) + if xp.any(dx <= 0): + raise ValueError("Input x must be strictly increasing.") + res = _cumulatively_sum_simpson_integrals( + y, dx, _cumulative_simpson_unequal_intervals, xp + ) + + else: + dx = xp_promote(xp.asarray(dx), force_floating=True, xp=xp) + final_dx_shape = tupleset(original_shape, axis, original_shape[axis] - 1) + alt_input_dx_shape = tupleset(original_shape, axis, 1) + message = ("If provided, `dx` must either be a scalar or have the same " + "shape as `y` but with only 1 point along `axis`.") + if not (dx.ndim == 0 or dx.shape == alt_input_dx_shape): + raise ValueError(message) + dx = xp.broadcast_to(dx, final_dx_shape) + dx = xp_swapaxes(dx, axis, -1, xp) + res = _cumulatively_sum_simpson_integrals( + y, dx, _cumulative_simpson_equal_intervals, xp + ) + + if initial is not None: + initial = xp_promote(initial, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + alt_initial_input_shape = tupleset(original_shape, axis, 1) + message = ("If provided, `initial` must either be a scalar or have the " + "same shape as `y` but with only 1 point along `axis`.") + if not (initial.ndim == 0 or initial.shape == alt_initial_input_shape): + raise ValueError(message) + initial = xp.broadcast_to(initial, alt_initial_input_shape) + initial = xp_swapaxes(initial, axis, -1, xp) + + res += initial + res = xp.concat((initial, res), axis=-1) + + res = xp_swapaxes(res, -1, axis, xp) + return res + + +@xp_capabilities() +def romb(y, dx=1.0, axis=-1, show=False): + """ + Romberg integration using samples of a function. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : array_like + A vector of ``2**k + 1`` equally-spaced samples of a function. + dx : float, optional + The sample spacing. Default is 1. + axis : int, optional + The axis along which to integrate. Default is -1 (last axis). + show : bool, optional + When `y` is a single 1-D array, then if this argument is True + print the table showing Richardson extrapolation from the + samples. Default is False. + + Returns + ------- + romb : ndarray + The integrated result for `axis`. + + See Also + -------- + quad : adaptive quadrature using QUADPACK + fixed_quad : fixed-order Gaussian quadrature + dblquad : double integrals + tplquad : triple integrals + simpson : integrators for sampled data + cumulative_trapezoid : cumulative integration for sampled data + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy import integrate + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.arange(10, 14.25, 0.25) + >>> y = np.arange(3, 12) + + >>> integrate.romb(y) + 56.0 + + >>> y = np.sin(np.power(x, 2.5)) + >>> integrate.romb(y) + -0.742561336672229 + + >>> integrate.romb(y, show=True) + Richardson Extrapolation Table for Romberg Integration + ====================================================== + -0.81576 + 4.63862 6.45674 + -1.10581 -3.02062 -3.65245 + -2.57379 -3.06311 -3.06595 -3.05664 + -1.34093 -0.92997 -0.78776 -0.75160 -0.74256 + ====================================================== + -0.742561336672229 # may vary + + >>> integrate.romb([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], show=True) + *** Printing table only supported for integrals of a single data set. + array([ 4., 10.]) + """ + xp = array_namespace(y) + y = xp.asarray(y) + nd = len(y.shape) + Nsamps = y.shape[axis] + Ninterv = Nsamps-1 + n = 1 + k = 0 + while n < Ninterv: + n <<= 1 + k += 1 + if n != Ninterv: + raise ValueError("Number of samples must be one plus a " + "non-negative power of 2.") + + R = {} + slice_all = (slice(None),) * nd + slice0 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, 0) + slicem1 = tupleset(slice_all, axis, -1) + h = Ninterv * xp.asarray(dx, dtype=xp.float64) + R[(0, 0)] = (y[slice0] + y[slicem1])/2.0*h + slice_R = slice_all + start = stop = step = Ninterv + for i in range(1, k+1): + start >>= 1 + slice_R = tupleset(slice_R, axis, slice(start, stop, step)) + step >>= 1 + R[(i, 0)] = 0.5*(R[(i-1, 0)] + h*xp.sum(y[slice_R], axis=axis)) + for j in range(1, i+1): + prev = R[(i, j-1)] + R[(i, j)] = prev + (prev-R[(i-1, j-1)]) / ((1 << (2*j))-1) + h /= 2.0 + + if show: + if not np.isscalar(R[(0, 0)]): + print("*** Printing table only supported for integrals" + + " of a single data set.") + else: + try: + precis = show[0] + except (TypeError, IndexError): + precis = 5 + try: + width = show[1] + except (TypeError, IndexError): + width = 8 + formstr = f"%{width}.{precis}f" + + title = "Richardson Extrapolation Table for Romberg Integration" + print(title, "=" * len(title), sep="\n", end="\n") + for i in range(k+1): + for j in range(i+1): + print(formstr % R[(i, j)], end=" ") + print() + print("=" * len(title)) + + return R[(k, k)] + + +# Coefficients for Newton-Cotes quadrature +# +# These are the points being used +# to construct the local interpolating polynomial +# a are the weights for Newton-Cotes integration +# B is the error coefficient. +# error in these coefficients grows as N gets larger. +# or as samples are closer and closer together + +# You can use maxima to find these rational coefficients +# for equally spaced data using the commands +# a(i,N) := (integrate(product(r-j,j,0,i-1) * product(r-j,j,i+1,N),r,0,N) +# / ((N-i)! * i!) * (-1)^(N-i)); +# Be(N) := N^(N+2)/(N+2)! * (N/(N+3) - sum((i/N)^(N+2)*a(i,N),i,0,N)); +# Bo(N) := N^(N+1)/(N+1)! * (N/(N+2) - sum((i/N)^(N+1)*a(i,N),i,0,N)); +# B(N) := (if (mod(N,2)=0) then Be(N) else Bo(N)); +# +# pre-computed for equally-spaced weights +# +# num_a, den_a, int_a, num_B, den_B = _builtincoeffs[N] +# +# a = num_a*array(int_a)/den_a +# B = num_B*1.0 / den_B +# +# integrate(f(x),x,x_0,x_N) = dx*sum(a*f(x_i)) + B*(dx)^(2k+3) f^(2k+2)(x*) +# where k = N // 2 +# +_builtincoeffs = { + 1: (1,2,[1,1],-1,12), + 2: (1,3,[1,4,1],-1,90), + 3: (3,8,[1,3,3,1],-3,80), + 4: (2,45,[7,32,12,32,7],-8,945), + 5: (5,288,[19,75,50,50,75,19],-275,12096), + 6: (1,140,[41,216,27,272,27,216,41],-9,1400), + 7: (7,17280,[751,3577,1323,2989,2989,1323,3577,751],-8183,518400), + 8: (4,14175,[989,5888,-928,10496,-4540,10496,-928,5888,989], + -2368,467775), + 9: (9,89600,[2857,15741,1080,19344,5778,5778,19344,1080, + 15741,2857], -4671, 394240), + 10: (5,299376,[16067,106300,-48525,272400,-260550,427368, + -260550,272400,-48525,106300,16067], + -673175, 163459296), + 11: (11,87091200,[2171465,13486539,-3237113, 25226685,-9595542, + 15493566,15493566,-9595542,25226685,-3237113, + 13486539,2171465], -2224234463, 237758976000), + 12: (1, 5255250, [1364651,9903168,-7587864,35725120,-51491295, + 87516288,-87797136,87516288,-51491295,35725120, + -7587864,9903168,1364651], -3012, 875875), + 13: (13, 402361344000,[8181904909, 56280729661, -31268252574, + 156074417954,-151659573325,206683437987, + -43111992612,-43111992612,206683437987, + -151659573325,156074417954,-31268252574, + 56280729661,8181904909], -2639651053, + 344881152000), + 14: (7, 2501928000, [90241897,710986864,-770720657,3501442784, + -6625093363,12630121616,-16802270373,19534438464, + -16802270373,12630121616,-6625093363,3501442784, + -770720657,710986864,90241897], -3740727473, + 1275983280000) + } + + +@xp_capabilities(np_only=True) +def newton_cotes(rn, equal=0): + r""" + Return weights and error coefficient for Newton-Cotes integration. + + Suppose we have :math:`(N+1)` samples of :math:`f` at the positions + :math:`x_0, x_1, ..., x_N`. Then an :math:`N`-point Newton-Cotes formula + for the integral between :math:`x_0` and :math:`x_N` is: + + :math:`\int_{x_0}^{x_N} f(x)dx = \Delta x \sum_{i=0}^{N} a_i f(x_i) + + B_N (\Delta x)^{N+2} f^{N+1} (\xi)` + + where :math:`\xi \in [x_0,x_N]` + and :math:`\Delta x = \frac{x_N-x_0}{N}` is the average samples spacing. + + If the samples are equally-spaced and N is even, then the error + term is :math:`B_N (\Delta x)^{N+3} f^{N+2}(\xi)`. + + Parameters + ---------- + rn : int + The integer order for equally-spaced data or the relative positions of + the samples with the first sample at 0 and the last at N, where N+1 is + the length of `rn`. N is the order of the Newton-Cotes integration. + equal : int, optional + Set to 1 to enforce equally spaced data. + + Returns + ------- + an : ndarray + 1-D array of weights to apply to the function at the provided sample + positions. + B : float + Error coefficient. + + Notes + ----- + Normally, the Newton-Cotes rules are used on smaller integration + regions and a composite rule is used to return the total integral. + + Examples + -------- + Compute the integral of sin(x) in [0, :math:`\pi`]: + + >>> from scipy.integrate import newton_cotes + >>> import numpy as np + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.sin(x) + >>> a = 0 + >>> b = np.pi + >>> exact = 2 + >>> for N in [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]: + ... x = np.linspace(a, b, N + 1) + ... an, B = newton_cotes(N, 1) + ... dx = (b - a) / N + ... quad = dx * np.sum(an * f(x)) + ... error = abs(quad - exact) + ... print('{:2d} {:10.9f} {:.5e}'.format(N, quad, error)) + ... + 2 2.094395102 9.43951e-02 + 4 1.998570732 1.42927e-03 + 6 2.000017814 1.78136e-05 + 8 1.999999835 1.64725e-07 + 10 2.000000001 1.14677e-09 + + """ + try: + N = len(rn)-1 + if equal: + rn = np.arange(N+1) + elif np.all(np.diff(rn) == 1): + equal = 1 + except Exception: + N = rn + rn = np.arange(N+1) + equal = 1 + + if equal and N in _builtincoeffs: + na, da, vi, nb, db = _builtincoeffs[N] + an = na * np.array(vi, dtype=float) / da + return an, float(nb)/db + + if (rn[0] != 0) or (rn[-1] != N): + raise ValueError("The sample positions must start at 0" + " and end at N") + yi = rn / float(N) + ti = 2 * yi - 1 + nvec = np.arange(N+1) + C = ti ** nvec[:, np.newaxis] + Cinv = np.linalg.inv(C) + # improve precision of result + for i in range(2): + Cinv = 2*Cinv - Cinv.dot(C).dot(Cinv) + vec = 2.0 / (nvec[::2]+1) + ai = Cinv[:, ::2].dot(vec) * (N / 2.) + + if (N % 2 == 0) and equal: + BN = N/(N+3.) + power = N+2 + else: + BN = N/(N+2.) + power = N+1 + + BN = BN - np.dot(yi**power, ai) + p1 = power+1 + fac = power*math.log(N) - gammaln(p1) + fac = math.exp(fac) + return ai, BN*fac + + +def _qmc_quad_iv(func, a, b, n_points, n_estimates, qrng, log, xp): + # lazy import to avoid issues with partially-initialized submodule + if not hasattr(qmc_quad, 'qmc'): + from scipy import stats + qmc_quad.stats = stats + else: + stats = qmc_quad.stats + + if not callable(func): + message = "`func` must be callable." + raise TypeError(message) + + # a, b will be modified, so copy. Oh well if it's copied twice. + a, b = xp_promote(a, b, broadcast=True, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + a = xpx.atleast_nd(a, ndim=1, xp=xp) + b = xpx.atleast_nd(b, ndim=1, xp=xp) + a, b = xp.broadcast_arrays(a, b) + a, b = xp_copy(a), xp_copy(b) + dim = a.shape[0] + + try: + func((a + b) / 2) + except Exception as e: + message = ("`func` must evaluate the integrand at points within " + "the integration range; e.g. `func( (a + b) / 2)` " + "must return the integrand at the centroid of the " + "integration volume.") + raise ValueError(message) from e + + try: + func(xp.stack([a, b]).T) + vfunc = func + except Exception as e: + if not is_numpy(xp): + message = ("Exception encountered when attempting vectorized call to " + f"`func`: {e}. When using array library {xp}, `func` must " + "accept two-dimensional array `x` with shape `(a.shape[0], " + "n_points)` and return an array of the integrand value at " + "each of the `n_points`.") + raise ValueError(message) + + message = ("Exception encountered when attempting vectorized call to " + f"`func`: {e}. For better performance, `func` should " + "accept two-dimensional array `x` with shape `(len(a), " + "n_points)` and return an array of the integrand value at " + "each of the `n_points`.") + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=3) + + def vfunc(x): + return np.apply_along_axis(func, axis=-1, arr=x) + + n_points_int = int(n_points) + if n_points != n_points_int: + message = "`n_points` must be an integer." + raise TypeError(message) + + n_estimates_int = int(n_estimates) + if n_estimates != n_estimates_int: + message = "`n_estimates` must be an integer." + raise TypeError(message) + + if qrng is None: + qrng = stats.qmc.Halton(dim) + elif not isinstance(qrng, stats.qmc.QMCEngine): + message = "`qrng` must be an instance of scipy.stats.qmc.QMCEngine." + raise TypeError(message) + + if qrng.d != a.shape[0]: + message = ("`qrng` must be initialized with dimensionality equal to " + "the number of variables in `a`, i.e., " + "`qrng.random().shape[-1]` must equal `a.shape[0]`.") + raise ValueError(message) + + rng_seed = getattr(qrng, 'rng_seed', None) + rng = stats._qmc.check_random_state(rng_seed) + + if log not in {True, False}: + message = "`log` must be boolean (`True` or `False`)." + raise TypeError(message) + + return (vfunc, a, b, n_points_int, n_estimates_int, qrng, rng, log, stats) + + +QMCQuadResult = namedtuple('QMCQuadResult', ['integral', 'standard_error']) + + +@xp_capabilities(skip_backends=[("dask.array", + "Dask arrays are confused about their shape")], + jax_jit=False) +def qmc_quad(func, a, b, *, n_estimates=8, n_points=1024, qrng=None, + log=False): + """ + Compute an integral in N-dimensions using Quasi-Monte Carlo quadrature. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : callable + The integrand. Must accept a single argument ``x``, an array which + specifies the point(s) at which to evaluate the scalar-valued + integrand, and return the value(s) of the integrand. + For efficiency, the function should be vectorized to accept an array of + shape ``(d, n_points)``, where ``d`` is the number of variables (i.e. + the dimensionality of the function domain) and `n_points` is the number + of quadrature points, and return an array of shape ``(n_points,)``, + the integrand at each quadrature point. + a, b : array-like + One-dimensional arrays specifying the lower and upper integration + limits, respectively, of each of the ``d`` variables. + n_estimates, n_points : int, optional + `n_estimates` (default: 8) statistically independent QMC samples, each + of `n_points` (default: 1024) points, will be generated by `qrng`. + The total number of points at which the integrand `func` will be + evaluated is ``n_points * n_estimates``. See Notes for details. + qrng : `~scipy.stats.qmc.QMCEngine`, optional + An instance of the QMCEngine from which to sample QMC points. + The QMCEngine must be initialized to a number of dimensions ``d`` + corresponding with the number of variables ``x1, ..., xd`` passed to + `func`. + The provided QMCEngine is used to produce the first integral estimate. + If `n_estimates` is greater than one, additional QMCEngines are + spawned from the first (with scrambling enabled, if it is an option.) + If a QMCEngine is not provided, the default `scipy.stats.qmc.Halton` + will be initialized with the number of dimensions determine from + the length of `a`. + log : boolean, default: False + When set to True, `func` returns the log of the integrand, and + the result object contains the log of the integral. + + Returns + ------- + result : object + A result object with attributes: + + integral : float + The estimate of the integral. + standard_error : + The error estimate. See Notes for interpretation. + + Notes + ----- + Values of the integrand at each of the `n_points` points of a QMC sample + are used to produce an estimate of the integral. This estimate is drawn + from a population of possible estimates of the integral, the value of + which we obtain depends on the particular points at which the integral + was evaluated. We perform this process `n_estimates` times, each time + evaluating the integrand at different scrambled QMC points, effectively + drawing i.i.d. random samples from the population of integral estimates. + The sample mean :math:`m` of these integral estimates is an + unbiased estimator of the true value of the integral, and the standard + error of the mean :math:`s` of these estimates may be used to generate + confidence intervals using the t distribution with ``n_estimates - 1`` + degrees of freedom. Perhaps counter-intuitively, increasing `n_points` + while keeping the total number of function evaluation points + ``n_points * n_estimates`` fixed tends to reduce the actual error, whereas + increasing `n_estimates` tends to decrease the error estimate. + + Examples + -------- + QMC quadrature is particularly useful for computing integrals in higher + dimensions. An example integrand is the probability density function + of a multivariate normal distribution. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import stats + >>> dim = 8 + >>> mean = np.zeros(dim) + >>> cov = np.eye(dim) + >>> def func(x): + ... # `multivariate_normal` expects the _last_ axis to correspond with + ... # the dimensionality of the space, so `x` must be transposed + ... return stats.multivariate_normal.pdf(x.T, mean, cov) + + To compute the integral over the unit hypercube: + + >>> from scipy.integrate import qmc_quad + >>> a = np.zeros(dim) + >>> b = np.ones(dim) + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> qrng = stats.qmc.Halton(d=dim, seed=rng) + >>> n_estimates = 8 + >>> res = qmc_quad(func, a, b, n_estimates=n_estimates, qrng=qrng) + >>> res.integral, res.standard_error + (0.00018429555666024108, 1.0389431116001344e-07) + + A two-sided, 99% confidence interval for the integral may be estimated + as: + + >>> t = stats.t(df=n_estimates-1, loc=res.integral, + ... scale=res.standard_error) + >>> t.interval(0.99) + (0.0001839319802536469, 0.00018465913306683527) + + Indeed, the value reported by `scipy.stats.multivariate_normal` is + within this range. + + >>> stats.multivariate_normal.cdf(b, mean, cov, lower_limit=a) + 0.00018430867675187443 + + """ + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + args = _qmc_quad_iv(func, a, b, n_points, n_estimates, qrng, log, xp) + func, a, b, n_points, n_estimates, qrng, rng, log, stats = args + + def sum_product(integrands, dA, log=False): + if log: + return logsumexp(integrands) + math.log(dA) + else: + return xp.sum(integrands * dA) + + def mean(estimates, log=False): + if log: + return logsumexp(estimates) - math.log(n_estimates) + else: + return xp.mean(estimates) + + def std(estimates, m=None, ddof=0, log=False): + m = m or mean(estimates, log) + if log: + estimates, m = xp.broadcast_arrays(estimates, m) + temp = xp.stack((estimates, m + xp.pi * 1j)) + diff = logsumexp(temp, axis=0) + return xp.real(0.5 * (logsumexp(2 * diff) + - math.log(n_estimates - ddof))) + else: + return xp.std(estimates, correction=ddof) + + def sem(estimates, m=None, s=None, log=False): + m = m or mean(estimates, log) + s = s or std(estimates, m, ddof=1, log=log) + if log: + return s - 0.5*math.log(n_estimates) + else: + return s / math.sqrt(n_estimates) + + # The sign of the integral depends on the order of the limits. Fix this by + # ensuring that lower bounds are indeed lower and setting sign of resulting + # integral manually + if xp.any(a == b): + message = ("A lower limit was equal to an upper limit, so the value " + "of the integral is zero by definition.") + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=2) + zero = xp.asarray(-xp.inf if log else 0, dtype=a.dtype) + return QMCQuadResult(zero, xp.asarray(0., dtype=a.dtype)) + + i_swap = b < a + sign = (-1)**(xp.count_nonzero(i_swap, axis=-1)) # odd # of swaps -> negative + sign = xp.astype(sign, a.dtype) + # a[i_swap], b[i_swap] = b[i_swap], a[i_swap] + a_iswap = a[i_swap] + b_iswap = b[i_swap] + a = xpx.at(a)[i_swap].set(b_iswap) + b = xpx.at(b)[i_swap].set(a_iswap) + + A = xp.prod(b - a) + dA = A / n_points + + estimates = xp.zeros(n_estimates, dtype=a.dtype) + rngs = _rng_spawn(qrng.rng, n_estimates) + for i in range(n_estimates): + # Generate integral estimate + sample = xp.asarray(qrng.random(n_points), dtype=a.dtype) + # The rationale for transposing is that this allows users to easily + # unpack `x` into separate variables, if desired. This is consistent + # with the `xx` array passed into the `scipy.integrate.nquad` `func`. + x = (sample * (b - a) + a).T # (n_dim, n_points) + integrands = func(x) + estimates = xpx.at(estimates)[i].set(sum_product(integrands, dA, log)) + + # Get a new, independently-scrambled QRNG for next time + qrng = type(qrng)(seed=rngs[i], **qrng._init_quad) + + integral = mean(estimates, log) + standard_error = sem(estimates, m=integral, log=log) + integral = integral + xp.pi*1j if (log and sign < 0) else integral*sign + return QMCQuadResult(integral, standard_error) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/.___init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/.___init__.py differ diff --git 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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/.__genz_malik.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/__init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4c91aa324478d49a8723f05618801f9b256d07af --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +"""Numerical cubature algorithms""" + +from ._base import ( + Rule, FixedRule, + NestedFixedRule, + ProductNestedFixed, +) +from ._genz_malik import GenzMalikCubature +from ._gauss_kronrod import GaussKronrodQuadrature +from ._gauss_legendre import GaussLegendreQuadrature + +__all__ = [s for s in dir() if not s.startswith('_')] diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_base.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_base.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..724c07c58080fb31efa4ed926b12f3496b54836b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_base.py @@ -0,0 +1,518 @@ +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_size + +from functools import cached_property + + +class Rule: + """ + Base class for numerical integration algorithms (cubatures). + + Finds an estimate for the integral of ``f`` over the region described by two arrays + ``a`` and ``b`` via `estimate`, and find an estimate for the error of this + approximation via `estimate_error`. + + If a subclass does not implement its own `estimate_error`, then it will use a + default error estimate based on the difference between the estimate over the whole + region and the sum of estimates over that region divided into ``2^ndim`` subregions. + + See Also + -------- + FixedRule + + Examples + -------- + In the following, a custom rule is created which uses 3D Genz-Malik cubature for + the estimate of the integral, and the difference between this estimate and a less + accurate estimate using 5-node Gauss-Legendre quadrature as an estimate for the + error. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + ... Rule, ProductNestedFixed, GenzMalikCubature, GaussLegendreQuadrature + ... ) + >>> def f(x, r, alphas): + ... # f(x) = cos(2*pi*r + alpha @ x) + ... # Need to allow r and alphas to be arbitrary shape + ... npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + ... alphas_reshaped = alphas[np.newaxis, :] + ... x_reshaped = x.reshape(npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim) + ... return np.cos(2*np.pi*r + np.sum(alphas_reshaped * x_reshaped, axis=-1)) + >>> genz = GenzMalikCubature(ndim=3) + >>> gauss = GaussKronrodQuadrature(npoints=21) + >>> # Gauss-Kronrod is 1D, so we find the 3D product rule: + >>> gauss_3d = ProductNestedFixed([gauss, gauss, gauss]) + >>> class CustomRule(Rule): + ... def estimate(self, f, a, b, args=()): + ... return genz.estimate(f, a, b, args) + ... def estimate_error(self, f, a, b, args=()): + ... return np.abs( + ... genz.estimate(f, a, b, args) + ... - gauss_3d.estimate(f, a, b, args) + ... ) + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> res = cubature( + ... f=f, + ... a=np.array([0, 0, 0]), + ... b=np.array([1, 1, 1]), + ... rule=CustomRule(), + ... args=(rng.random((2,)), rng.random((3, 2, 3))) + ... ) + >>> res.estimate + array([[-0.95179502, 0.12444608], + [-0.96247411, 0.60866385], + [-0.97360014, 0.25515587]]) + """ + + def estimate(self, f, a, b, args=()): + r""" + Calculate estimate of integral of `f` in rectangular region described by + corners `a` and ``b``. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Function to integrate. `f` must have the signature:: + f(x : ndarray, \*args) -> ndarray + + `f` should accept arrays ``x`` of shape:: + (npoints, ndim) + + and output arrays of shape:: + (npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + + In this case, `estimate` will return arrays of shape:: + (output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + a, b : ndarray + Lower and upper limits of integration as rank-1 arrays specifying the left + and right endpoints of the intervals being integrated over. Infinite limits + are currently not supported. + args : tuple, optional + Additional positional args passed to ``f``, if any. + + Returns + ------- + est : ndarray + Result of estimation. If `f` returns arrays of shape ``(npoints, + output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``, then `est` will be of shape + ``(output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``. + """ + raise NotImplementedError + + def estimate_error(self, f, a, b, args=()): + r""" + Estimate the error of the approximation for the integral of `f` in rectangular + region described by corners `a` and `b`. + + If a subclass does not override this method, then a default error estimator is + used. This estimates the error as ``|est - refined_est|`` where ``est`` is + ``estimate(f, a, b)`` and ``refined_est`` is the sum of + ``estimate(f, a_k, b_k)`` where ``a_k, b_k`` are the coordinates of each + subregion of the region described by ``a`` and ``b``. In the 1D case, this + is equivalent to comparing the integral over an entire interval ``[a, b]`` to + the sum of the integrals over the left and right subintervals, ``[a, (a+b)/2]`` + and ``[(a+b)/2, b]``. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Function to estimate error for. `f` must have the signature:: + f(x : ndarray, \*args) -> ndarray + + `f` should accept arrays `x` of shape:: + (npoints, ndim) + + and output arrays of shape:: + (npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + + In this case, `estimate` will return arrays of shape:: + (output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + a, b : ndarray + Lower and upper limits of integration as rank-1 arrays specifying the left + and right endpoints of the intervals being integrated over. Infinite limits + are currently not supported. + args : tuple, optional + Additional positional args passed to `f`, if any. + + Returns + ------- + err_est : ndarray + Result of error estimation. If `f` returns arrays of shape + ``(npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``, then `est` will be + of shape ``(output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``. + """ + + est = self.estimate(f, a, b, args) + refined_est = 0 + + for a_k, b_k in _split_subregion(a, b): + refined_est += self.estimate(f, a_k, b_k, args) + + return self.xp.abs(est - refined_est) + + +class FixedRule(Rule): + """ + A rule implemented as the weighted sum of function evaluations at fixed nodes. + + Attributes + ---------- + nodes_and_weights : (ndarray, ndarray) + A tuple ``(nodes, weights)`` of nodes at which to evaluate ``f`` and the + corresponding weights. ``nodes`` should be of shape ``(num_nodes,)`` for 1D + cubature rules (quadratures) and more generally for N-D cubature rules, it + should be of shape ``(num_nodes, ndim)``. ``weights`` should be of shape + ``(num_nodes,)``. The nodes and weights should be for integrals over + :math:`[-1, 1]^n`. + + See Also + -------- + GaussLegendreQuadrature, GaussKronrodQuadrature, GenzMalikCubature + + Examples + -------- + + Implementing Simpson's 1/3 rule: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import FixedRule + >>> class SimpsonsQuad(FixedRule): + ... @property + ... def nodes_and_weights(self): + ... nodes = np.array([-1, 0, 1]) + ... weights = np.array([1/3, 4/3, 1/3]) + ... return (nodes, weights) + >>> rule = SimpsonsQuad() + >>> rule.estimate( + ... f=lambda x: x**2, + ... a=np.array([0]), + ... b=np.array([1]), + ... ) + [0.3333333] + """ + + def __init__(self): + self.xp = None + + @property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + raise NotImplementedError + + def estimate(self, f, a, b, args=()): + r""" + Calculate estimate of integral of `f` in rectangular region described by + corners `a` and `b` as ``sum(weights * f(nodes))``. + + Nodes and weights will automatically be adjusted from calculating integrals over + :math:`[-1, 1]^n` to :math:`[a, b]^n`. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Function to integrate. `f` must have the signature:: + f(x : ndarray, \*args) -> ndarray + + `f` should accept arrays `x` of shape:: + (npoints, ndim) + + and output arrays of shape:: + (npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + + In this case, `estimate` will return arrays of shape:: + (output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + a, b : ndarray + Lower and upper limits of integration as rank-1 arrays specifying the left + and right endpoints of the intervals being integrated over. Infinite limits + are currently not supported. + args : tuple, optional + Additional positional args passed to `f`, if any. + + Returns + ------- + est : ndarray + Result of estimation. If `f` returns arrays of shape ``(npoints, + output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``, then `est` will be of shape + ``(output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``. + """ + nodes, weights = self.nodes_and_weights + + if self.xp is None: + self.xp = array_namespace(nodes) + + return _apply_fixed_rule(f, a, b, nodes, weights, args, self.xp) + + +class NestedFixedRule(FixedRule): + r""" + A cubature rule with error estimate given by the difference between two underlying + fixed rules. + + If constructed as ``NestedFixedRule(higher, lower)``, this will use:: + + estimate(f, a, b) := higher.estimate(f, a, b) + estimate_error(f, a, b) := \|higher.estimate(f, a, b) - lower.estimate(f, a, b)| + + (where the absolute value is taken elementwise). + + Attributes + ---------- + higher : Rule + Higher accuracy rule. + + lower : Rule + Lower accuracy rule. + + See Also + -------- + GaussKronrodQuadrature + + Examples + -------- + + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + ... GaussLegendreQuadrature, NestedFixedRule, ProductNestedFixed + ... ) + >>> higher = GaussLegendreQuadrature(10) + >>> lower = GaussLegendreQuadrature(5) + >>> rule = NestedFixedRule( + ... higher, + ... lower + ... ) + >>> rule_2d = ProductNestedFixed([rule, rule]) + """ + + def __init__(self, higher, lower): + self.higher = higher + self.lower = lower + self.xp = None + + @property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + if self.higher is not None: + return self.higher.nodes_and_weights + else: + raise NotImplementedError + + @property + def lower_nodes_and_weights(self): + if self.lower is not None: + return self.lower.nodes_and_weights + else: + raise NotImplementedError + + def estimate_error(self, f, a, b, args=()): + r""" + Estimate the error of the approximation for the integral of `f` in rectangular + region described by corners `a` and `b`. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + Function to estimate error for. `f` must have the signature:: + f(x : ndarray, \*args) -> ndarray + + `f` should accept arrays `x` of shape:: + (npoints, ndim) + + and output arrays of shape:: + (npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + + In this case, `estimate` will return arrays of shape:: + (output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + a, b : ndarray + Lower and upper limits of integration as rank-1 arrays specifying the left + and right endpoints of the intervals being integrated over. Infinite limits + are currently not supported. + args : tuple, optional + Additional positional args passed to `f`, if any. + + Returns + ------- + err_est : ndarray + Result of error estimation. If `f` returns arrays of shape + ``(npoints, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``, then `est` will be + of shape ``(output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n)``. + """ + + nodes, weights = self.nodes_and_weights + lower_nodes, lower_weights = self.lower_nodes_and_weights + + if self.xp is None: + self.xp = array_namespace(nodes) + + error_nodes = self.xp.concat([nodes, lower_nodes], axis=0) + error_weights = self.xp.concat([weights, -lower_weights], axis=0) + + return self.xp.abs( + _apply_fixed_rule(f, a, b, error_nodes, error_weights, args, self.xp) + ) + + +class ProductNestedFixed(NestedFixedRule): + """ + Find the n-dimensional cubature rule constructed from the Cartesian product of 1-D + `NestedFixedRule` quadrature rules. + + Given a list of N 1-dimensional quadrature rules which support error estimation + using NestedFixedRule, this will find the N-dimensional cubature rule obtained by + taking the Cartesian product of their nodes, and estimating the error by taking the + difference with a lower-accuracy N-dimensional cubature rule obtained using the + ``.lower_nodes_and_weights`` rule in each of the base 1-dimensional rules. + + Parameters + ---------- + base_rules : list of NestedFixedRule + List of base 1-dimensional `NestedFixedRule` quadrature rules. + + Attributes + ---------- + base_rules : list of NestedFixedRule + List of base 1-dimensional `NestedFixedRule` qudarature rules. + + Examples + -------- + + Evaluate a 2D integral by taking the product of two 1D rules: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + ... ProductNestedFixed, GaussKronrodQuadrature + ... ) + >>> def f(x): + ... # f(x) = cos(x_1) + cos(x_2) + ... return np.sum(np.cos(x), axis=-1) + >>> rule = ProductNestedFixed( + ... [GaussKronrodQuadrature(15), GaussKronrodQuadrature(15)] + ... ) # Use 15-point Gauss-Kronrod, which implements NestedFixedRule + >>> a, b = np.array([0, 0]), np.array([1, 1]) + >>> rule.estimate(f, a, b) # True value 2*sin(1), approximately 1.6829 + np.float64(1.682941969615793) + >>> rule.estimate_error(f, a, b) + np.float64(2.220446049250313e-16) + """ + + def __init__(self, base_rules): + for rule in base_rules: + if not isinstance(rule, NestedFixedRule): + raise ValueError("base rules for product need to be instance of" + "NestedFixedRule") + + self.base_rules = base_rules + self.xp = None + + @cached_property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + nodes = _cartesian_product( + [rule.nodes_and_weights[0] for rule in self.base_rules] + ) + + if self.xp is None: + self.xp = array_namespace(nodes) + + weights = self.xp.prod( + _cartesian_product( + [rule.nodes_and_weights[1] for rule in self.base_rules] + ), + axis=-1, + ) + + return nodes, weights + + @cached_property + def lower_nodes_and_weights(self): + nodes = _cartesian_product( + [cubature.lower_nodes_and_weights[0] for cubature in self.base_rules] + ) + + if self.xp is None: + self.xp = array_namespace(nodes) + + weights = self.xp.prod( + _cartesian_product( + [cubature.lower_nodes_and_weights[1] for cubature in self.base_rules] + ), + axis=-1, + ) + + return nodes, weights + + +def _cartesian_product(arrays): + xp = array_namespace(*arrays) + + arrays_ix = xp.meshgrid(*arrays, indexing='ij') + result = xp.reshape(xp.stack(arrays_ix, axis=-1), (-1, len(arrays))) + + return result + + +def _split_subregion(a, b, xp, split_at=None): + """ + Given the coordinates of a region like a=[0, 0] and b=[1, 1], yield the coordinates + of all subregions, which in this case would be:: + + ([0, 0], [1/2, 1/2]), + ([0, 1/2], [1/2, 1]), + ([1/2, 0], [1, 1/2]), + ([1/2, 1/2], [1, 1]) + """ + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + + if split_at is None: + split_at = (a + b) / 2 + + left = [xp.stack((a[i], split_at[i])) for i in range(a.shape[0])] + right = [xp.stack((split_at[i], b[i])) for i in range(b.shape[0])] + + a_sub = _cartesian_product(left) + b_sub = _cartesian_product(right) + + for i in range(a_sub.shape[0]): + yield a_sub[i, ...], b_sub[i, ...] + + +def _apply_fixed_rule(f, a, b, orig_nodes, orig_weights, args, xp): + # Downcast nodes and weights to common dtype of a and b + result_dtype = a.dtype + orig_nodes = xp.astype(orig_nodes, result_dtype) + orig_weights = xp.astype(orig_weights, result_dtype) + + # Ensure orig_nodes are at least 2D, since 1D cubature methods can return arrays of + # shape (npoints,) rather than (npoints, 1) + if orig_nodes.ndim == 1: + orig_nodes = orig_nodes[:, None] + + rule_ndim = orig_nodes.shape[-1] + + a_ndim = xp_size(a) + b_ndim = xp_size(b) + + if rule_ndim != a_ndim or rule_ndim != b_ndim: + raise ValueError(f"rule and function are of incompatible dimension, nodes have" + f"ndim {rule_ndim}, while limit of integration has ndim" + f"a_ndim={a_ndim}, b_ndim={b_ndim}") + + lengths = b - a + + # The underlying rule is for the hypercube [-1, 1]^n. + # + # To handle arbitrary regions of integration, it's necessary to apply a linear + # change of coordinates to map each interval [a[i], b[i]] to [-1, 1]. + nodes = (orig_nodes + 1) * (lengths * 0.5) + a + + # Also need to multiply the weights by a scale factor equal to the determinant + # of the Jacobian for this coordinate change. + weight_scale_factor = xp.prod(lengths, dtype=result_dtype) / 2**rule_ndim + weights = orig_weights * weight_scale_factor + + f_nodes = f(nodes, *args) + weights_reshaped = xp.reshape(weights, (-1, *([1] * (f_nodes.ndim - 1)))) + + # f(nodes) will have shape (num_nodes, output_dim_1, ..., output_dim_n) + # Summing along the first axis means estimate will shape (output_dim_1, ..., + # output_dim_n) + est = xp.sum(weights_reshaped * f_nodes, axis=0, dtype=result_dtype) + + return est diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_kronrod.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_kronrod.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b2a3518c55cf49cd14c777d243ea7e93a489f86c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_kronrod.py @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ +from scipy._lib._array_api import np_compat, array_namespace + +from functools import cached_property + +from ._base import NestedFixedRule +from ._gauss_legendre import GaussLegendreQuadrature + + +class GaussKronrodQuadrature(NestedFixedRule): + """ + Gauss-Kronrod quadrature. + + Gauss-Kronrod rules consist of two quadrature rules, one higher-order and one + lower-order. The higher-order rule is used as the estimate of the integral and the + difference between them is used as an estimate for the error. + + Gauss-Kronrod is a 1D rule. To use it for multidimensional integrals, it will be + necessary to use ProductNestedFixed and multiple Gauss-Kronrod rules. See Examples. + + For n-node Gauss-Kronrod, the lower-order rule has ``n//2`` nodes, which are the + ordinary Gauss-Legendre nodes with corresponding weights. The higher-order rule has + ``n`` nodes, ``n//2`` of which are the same as the lower-order rule and the + remaining nodes are the Kronrod extension of those nodes. + + Parameters + ---------- + npoints : int + Number of nodes for the higher-order rule. + + xp : array_namespace, optional + The namespace for the node and weight arrays. Default is None, where NumPy is + used. + + Attributes + ---------- + lower : Rule + Lower-order rule. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] R. Piessens, E. de Doncker, Quadpack: A Subroutine Package for Automatic + Integration, files: dqk21.f, dqk15.f (1983). + + Examples + -------- + Evaluate a 1D integral. Note in this example that ``f`` returns an array, so the + estimates will also be arrays, despite the fact that this is a 1D problem. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import GaussKronrodQuadrature + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.cos(x) + >>> rule = GaussKronrodQuadrature(21) # Use 21-point GaussKronrod + >>> a, b = np.array([0]), np.array([1]) + >>> rule.estimate(f, a, b) # True value sin(1), approximately 0.84147 + array([0.84147098]) + >>> rule.estimate_error(f, a, b) + array([1.11022302e-16]) + + Evaluate a 2D integral. Note that in this example ``f`` returns a float, so the + estimates will also be floats. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + ... ProductNestedFixed, GaussKronrodQuadrature + ... ) + >>> def f(x): + ... # f(x) = cos(x_1) + cos(x_2) + ... return np.sum(np.cos(x), axis=-1) + >>> rule = ProductNestedFixed( + ... [GaussKronrodQuadrature(15), GaussKronrodQuadrature(15)] + ... ) # Use 15-point Gauss-Kronrod + >>> a, b = np.array([0, 0]), np.array([1, 1]) + >>> rule.estimate(f, a, b) # True value 2*sin(1), approximately 1.6829 + np.float64(1.682941969615793) + >>> rule.estimate_error(f, a, b) + np.float64(2.220446049250313e-16) + """ + + def __init__(self, npoints, xp=None): + # TODO: nodes and weights are currently hard-coded for values 15 and 21, but in + # the future it would be best to compute the Kronrod extension of the lower rule + if npoints != 15 and npoints != 21: + raise NotImplementedError("Gauss-Kronrod quadrature is currently only" + "supported for 15 or 21 nodes") + + self.npoints = npoints + + if xp is None: + xp = np_compat + + self.xp = array_namespace(xp.empty(0)) + + self.gauss = GaussLegendreQuadrature(npoints//2, xp=self.xp) + + @cached_property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + # These values are from QUADPACK's `dqk21.f` and `dqk15.f` (1983). + if self.npoints == 21: + nodes = self.xp.asarray( + [ + 0.995657163025808080735527280689003, + 0.973906528517171720077964012084452, + 0.930157491355708226001207180059508, + 0.865063366688984510732096688423493, + 0.780817726586416897063717578345042, + 0.679409568299024406234327365114874, + 0.562757134668604683339000099272694, + 0.433395394129247190799265943165784, + 0.294392862701460198131126603103866, + 0.148874338981631210884826001129720, + 0, + -0.148874338981631210884826001129720, + -0.294392862701460198131126603103866, + -0.433395394129247190799265943165784, + -0.562757134668604683339000099272694, + -0.679409568299024406234327365114874, + -0.780817726586416897063717578345042, + -0.865063366688984510732096688423493, + -0.930157491355708226001207180059508, + -0.973906528517171720077964012084452, + -0.995657163025808080735527280689003, + ], + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ) + + weights = self.xp.asarray( + [ + 0.011694638867371874278064396062192, + 0.032558162307964727478818972459390, + 0.054755896574351996031381300244580, + 0.075039674810919952767043140916190, + 0.093125454583697605535065465083366, + 0.109387158802297641899210590325805, + 0.123491976262065851077958109831074, + 0.134709217311473325928054001771707, + 0.142775938577060080797094273138717, + 0.147739104901338491374841515972068, + 0.149445554002916905664936468389821, + 0.147739104901338491374841515972068, + 0.142775938577060080797094273138717, + 0.134709217311473325928054001771707, + 0.123491976262065851077958109831074, + 0.109387158802297641899210590325805, + 0.093125454583697605535065465083366, + 0.075039674810919952767043140916190, + 0.054755896574351996031381300244580, + 0.032558162307964727478818972459390, + 0.011694638867371874278064396062192, + ], + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ) + elif self.npoints == 15: + nodes = self.xp.asarray( + [ + 0.991455371120812639206854697526329, + 0.949107912342758524526189684047851, + 0.864864423359769072789712788640926, + 0.741531185599394439863864773280788, + 0.586087235467691130294144838258730, + 0.405845151377397166906606412076961, + 0.207784955007898467600689403773245, + 0.000000000000000000000000000000000, + -0.207784955007898467600689403773245, + -0.405845151377397166906606412076961, + -0.586087235467691130294144838258730, + -0.741531185599394439863864773280788, + -0.864864423359769072789712788640926, + -0.949107912342758524526189684047851, + -0.991455371120812639206854697526329, + ], + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ) + + weights = self.xp.asarray( + [ + 0.022935322010529224963732008058970, + 0.063092092629978553290700663189204, + 0.104790010322250183839876322541518, + 0.140653259715525918745189590510238, + 0.169004726639267902826583426598550, + 0.190350578064785409913256402421014, + 0.204432940075298892414161999234649, + 0.209482141084727828012999174891714, + 0.204432940075298892414161999234649, + 0.190350578064785409913256402421014, + 0.169004726639267902826583426598550, + 0.140653259715525918745189590510238, + 0.104790010322250183839876322541518, + 0.063092092629978553290700663189204, + 0.022935322010529224963732008058970, + ], + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ) + + return nodes, weights + + @property + def lower_nodes_and_weights(self): + return self.gauss.nodes_and_weights diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_legendre.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_legendre.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1163aec5370fb93951402ab99ee2ae4b79158d52 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_gauss_legendre.py @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, np_compat + +from functools import cached_property + +from scipy.special import roots_legendre + +from ._base import FixedRule + + +class GaussLegendreQuadrature(FixedRule): + """ + Gauss-Legendre quadrature. + + Parameters + ---------- + npoints : int + Number of nodes for the higher-order rule. + + xp : array_namespace, optional + The namespace for the node and weight arrays. Default is None, where NumPy is + used. + + Examples + -------- + Evaluate a 1D integral. Note in this example that ``f`` returns an array, so the + estimates will also be arrays. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import GaussLegendreQuadrature + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.cos(x) + >>> rule = GaussLegendreQuadrature(21) # Use 21-point GaussLegendre + >>> a, b = np.array([0]), np.array([1]) + >>> rule.estimate(f, a, b) # True value sin(1), approximately 0.84147 + array([0.84147098]) + >>> rule.estimate_error(f, a, b) + array([1.11022302e-16]) + """ + + def __init__(self, npoints, xp=None): + if npoints < 2: + raise ValueError( + "At least 2 nodes required for Gauss-Legendre cubature" + ) + + self.npoints = npoints + + if xp is None: + xp = np_compat + + self.xp = array_namespace(xp.empty(0)) + + @cached_property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + # TODO: current converting to/from numpy + nodes, weights = roots_legendre(self.npoints) + + return ( + self.xp.asarray(nodes, dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray(weights, dtype=self.xp.float64) + ) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_genz_malik.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_genz_malik.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4873805e3364b10a3366de47c15fe3c4b306e5d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_rules/_genz_malik.py @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +import math +import itertools + +from functools import cached_property + +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, np_compat + +from scipy.integrate._rules import NestedFixedRule + + +class GenzMalikCubature(NestedFixedRule): + """ + Genz-Malik cubature. + + Genz-Malik is only defined for integrals of dimension >= 2. + + Parameters + ---------- + ndim : int + The spatial dimension of the integrand. + + xp : array_namespace, optional + The namespace for the node and weight arrays. Default is None, where NumPy is + used. + + Attributes + ---------- + higher : Cubature + Higher-order rule. + + lower : Cubature + Lower-order rule. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] A.C. Genz, A.A. Malik, Remarks on algorithm 006: An adaptive algorithm for + numerical integration over an N-dimensional rectangular region, Journal of + Computational and Applied Mathematics, Volume 6, Issue 4, 1980, Pages 295-302, + ISSN 0377-0427, https://doi.org/10.1016/0771-050X(80)90039-X. + + Examples + -------- + Evaluate a 3D integral: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import cubature + >>> from scipy.integrate._rules import GenzMalikCubature + >>> def f(x): + ... # f(x) = cos(x_1) + cos(x_2) + cos(x_3) + ... return np.sum(np.cos(x), axis=-1) + >>> rule = GenzMalikCubature(3) # Use 3D Genz-Malik + >>> a, b = np.array([0, 0, 0]), np.array([1, 1, 1]) + >>> rule.estimate(f, a, b) # True value 3*sin(1), approximately 2.5244 + np.float64(2.5244129547230862) + >>> rule.estimate_error(f, a, b) + np.float64(1.378269656626685e-06) + """ + + def __init__(self, ndim, degree=7, lower_degree=5, xp=None): + if ndim < 2: + raise ValueError("Genz-Malik cubature is only defined for ndim >= 2") + + if degree != 7 or lower_degree != 5: + raise NotImplementedError("Genz-Malik cubature is currently only supported" + "for degree=7, lower_degree=5") + + self.ndim = ndim + self.degree = degree + self.lower_degree = lower_degree + + if xp is None: + xp = np_compat + + self.xp = array_namespace(xp.empty(0)) + + @cached_property + def nodes_and_weights(self): + # TODO: Currently only support for degree 7 Genz-Malik cubature, should aim to + # support arbitrary degree + l_2 = math.sqrt(9/70) + l_3 = math.sqrt(9/10) + l_4 = math.sqrt(9/10) + l_5 = math.sqrt(9/19) + + its = itertools.chain( + [(0,) * self.ndim], + _distinct_permutations((l_2,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_2,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((l_3,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_3,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((l_4, l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + _distinct_permutations((l_4, -l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_4, -l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + itertools.product((l_5, -l_5), repeat=self.ndim), + ) + + nodes_size = 1 + (2 * (self.ndim + 1) * self.ndim) + 2**self.ndim + + nodes = self.xp.asarray( + list(zip(*its)), + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ) + + nodes = self.xp.reshape(nodes, (self.ndim, nodes_size)) + + # It's convenient to generate the nodes as a sequence of evaluation points + # as an array of shape (npoints, ndim), but nodes needs to have shape + # (ndim, npoints) + nodes = nodes.T + + w_1 = ( + (2**self.ndim) * (12824 - 9120*self.ndim + (400 * self.ndim**2)) / 19683 + ) + w_2 = (2**self.ndim) * 980/6561 + w_3 = (2**self.ndim) * (1820 - 400 * self.ndim) / 19683 + w_4 = (2**self.ndim) * (200 / 19683) + w_5 = 6859 / 19683 + + weights = self.xp.concat([ + self.xp.asarray([w_1] * 1, dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray([w_2] * (2 * self.ndim), dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray([w_3] * (2 * self.ndim), dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray( + [w_4] * (2 * (self.ndim - 1) * self.ndim), + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ), + self.xp.asarray([w_5] * (2**self.ndim), dtype=self.xp.float64), + ]) + + return nodes, weights + + @cached_property + def lower_nodes_and_weights(self): + # TODO: Currently only support for the degree 5 lower rule, in the future it + # would be worth supporting arbitrary degree + + # Nodes are almost the same as the full rule, but there are no nodes + # corresponding to l_5. + l_2 = math.sqrt(9/70) + l_3 = math.sqrt(9/10) + l_4 = math.sqrt(9/10) + + its = itertools.chain( + [(0,) * self.ndim], + _distinct_permutations((l_2,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_2,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((l_3,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_3,) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 1)), + _distinct_permutations((l_4, l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + _distinct_permutations((l_4, -l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + _distinct_permutations((-l_4, -l_4) + (0,) * (self.ndim - 2)), + ) + + nodes_size = 1 + (2 * (self.ndim + 1) * self.ndim) + + nodes = self.xp.asarray(list(zip(*its)), dtype=self.xp.float64) + nodes = self.xp.reshape(nodes, (self.ndim, nodes_size)) + nodes = nodes.T + + # Weights are different from those in the full rule. + w_1 = (2**self.ndim) * (729 - 950*self.ndim + 50*self.ndim**2) / 729 + w_2 = (2**self.ndim) * (245 / 486) + w_3 = (2**self.ndim) * (265 - 100*self.ndim) / 1458 + w_4 = (2**self.ndim) * (25 / 729) + + weights = self.xp.concat([ + self.xp.asarray([w_1] * 1, dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray([w_2] * (2 * self.ndim), dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray([w_3] * (2 * self.ndim), dtype=self.xp.float64), + self.xp.asarray( + [w_4] * (2 * (self.ndim - 1) * self.ndim), + dtype=self.xp.float64, + ), + ]) + + return nodes, weights + + +def _distinct_permutations(iterable): + """ + Find the number of distinct permutations of elements of `iterable`. + """ + + # Algorithm: https://w.wiki/Qai + + items = sorted(iterable) + size = len(items) + + while True: + # Yield the permutation we have + yield tuple(items) + + # Find the largest index i such that A[i] < A[i + 1] + for i in range(size - 2, -1, -1): + if items[i] < items[i + 1]: + break + + # If no such index exists, this permutation is the last one + else: + return + + # Find the largest index j greater than j such that A[i] < A[j] + for j in range(size - 1, i, -1): + if items[i] < items[j]: + break + + # Swap the value of A[i] with that of A[j], then reverse the + # sequence from A[i + 1] to form the new permutation + items[i], items[j] = items[j], items[i] + items[i+1:] = items[:i-size:-1] # A[i + 1:][::-1] diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_tanhsinh.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_tanhsinh.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9f8cfb8ec7ac8c29084b1681cee57a0bab823431 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/_tanhsinh.py @@ -0,0 +1,1394 @@ +# mypy: disable-error-code="attr-defined" +import math +import numpy as np +from scipy import special +import scipy._lib._elementwise_iterative_method as eim +from scipy._lib._util import _RichResult +from scipy._lib._array_api import (array_namespace, xp_copy, xp_ravel, + xp_promote, xp_capabilities) + + +__all__ = ['nsum'] + + +# todo: +# figure out warning situation +# address https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/18650#discussion_r1233032521 +# without `minweight`, we are also suppressing infinities within the interval. +# Is that OK? If so, we can probably get rid of `status=3`. +# Add heuristic to stop when improvement is too slow / antithrashing +# support singularities? interval subdivision? this feature will be added +# eventually, but do we adjust the interface now? +# When doing log-integration, should the tolerances control the error of the +# log-integral or the error of the integral? The trouble is that `log` +# inherently looses some precision so it may not be possible to refine +# the integral further. Example: 7th moment of stats.f(15, 20) +# respect function evaluation limit? +# make public? + + +@xp_capabilities(skip_backends=[('array_api_strict', 'No fancy indexing.'), + ('jax.numpy', 'No mutation.'), + ('dask.array', + 'Data-dependent shapes in boolean index assignment')]) +def tanhsinh(f, a, b, *, args=(), log=False, maxlevel=None, minlevel=2, + atol=None, rtol=None, preserve_shape=False, callback=None): + """Evaluate a convergent integral numerically using tanh-sinh quadrature. + + In practice, tanh-sinh quadrature achieves quadratic convergence for + many integrands: the number of accurate *digits* scales roughly linearly + with the number of function evaluations [1]_. + + Either or both of the limits of integration may be infinite, and + singularities at the endpoints are acceptable. Divergent integrals and + integrands with non-finite derivatives or singularities within an interval + are out of scope, but the latter may be evaluated be calling `tanhsinh` on + each sub-interval separately. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + The function to be integrated. The signature must be:: + + f(xi: ndarray, *argsi) -> ndarray + + where each element of ``xi`` is a finite real number and ``argsi`` is a tuple, + which may contain an arbitrary number of arrays that are broadcastable + with ``xi``. `f` must be an elementwise function: see documentation of parameter + `preserve_shape` for details. It must not mutate the array ``xi`` or the arrays + in ``argsi``. + If ``f`` returns a value with complex dtype when evaluated at + either endpoint, subsequent arguments ``x`` will have complex dtype + (but zero imaginary part). + a, b : float array_like + Real lower and upper limits of integration. Must be broadcastable with one + another and with arrays in `args`. Elements may be infinite. + args : tuple of array_like, optional + Additional positional array arguments to be passed to `f`. Arrays + must be broadcastable with one another and the arrays of `a` and `b`. + If the callable for which the root is desired requires arguments that are + not broadcastable with `x`, wrap that callable with `f` such that `f` + accepts only `x` and broadcastable ``*args``. + log : bool, default: False + Setting to True indicates that `f` returns the log of the integrand + and that `atol` and `rtol` are expressed as the logs of the absolute + and relative errors. In this case, the result object will contain the + log of the integral and error. This is useful for integrands for which + numerical underflow or overflow would lead to inaccuracies. + When ``log=True``, the integrand (the exponential of `f`) must be real, + but it may be negative, in which case the log of the integrand is a + complex number with an imaginary part that is an odd multiple of π. + maxlevel : int, default: 10 + The maximum refinement level of the algorithm. + + At the zeroth level, `f` is called once, performing 16 function + evaluations. At each subsequent level, `f` is called once more, + approximately doubling the number of function evaluations that have + been performed. Accordingly, for many integrands, each successive level + will double the number of accurate digits in the result (up to the + limits of floating point precision). + + The algorithm will terminate after completing level `maxlevel` or after + another termination condition is satisfied, whichever comes first. + minlevel : int, default: 2 + The level at which to begin iteration (default: 2). This does not + change the total number of function evaluations or the abscissae at + which the function is evaluated; it changes only the *number of times* + `f` is called. If ``minlevel=k``, then the integrand is evaluated at + all abscissae from levels ``0`` through ``k`` in a single call. + Note that if `minlevel` exceeds `maxlevel`, the provided `minlevel` is + ignored, and `minlevel` is set equal to `maxlevel`. + atol, rtol : float, optional + Absolute termination tolerance (default: 0) and relative termination + tolerance (default: ``eps**0.75``, where ``eps`` is the precision of + the result dtype), respectively. Must be non-negative and finite if + `log` is False, and must be expressed as the log of a non-negative and + finite number if `log` is True. Iteration will stop when + ``res.error < atol`` or ``res.error < res.integral * rtol``. + preserve_shape : bool, default: False + In the following, "arguments of `f`" refers to the array ``xi`` and + any arrays within ``argsi``. Let ``shape`` be the broadcasted shape + of `a`, `b`, and all elements of `args` (which is conceptually + distinct from ``xi`` and ``argsi`` passed into `f`). + + - When ``preserve_shape=False`` (default), `f` must accept arguments + of *any* broadcastable shapes. + + - When ``preserve_shape=True``, `f` must accept arguments of shape + ``shape`` *or* ``shape + (n,)``, where ``(n,)`` is the number of + abscissae at which the function is being evaluated. + + In either case, for each scalar element ``xi[j]`` within ``xi``, the array + returned by `f` must include the scalar ``f(xi[j])`` at the same index. + Consequently, the shape of the output is always the shape of the input + ``xi``. + + See Examples. + + callback : callable, optional + An optional user-supplied function to be called before the first + iteration and after each iteration. + Called as ``callback(res)``, where ``res`` is a ``_RichResult`` + similar to that returned by `tanhsinh` (but containing the + current iterate's values of all variables). If `callback` raises a + ``StopIteration``, the algorithm will terminate immediately and + `tanhsinh` will return a result object. `callback` must not mutate + `res` or its attributes. + + Returns + ------- + res : _RichResult + An object similar to an instance of `scipy.optimize.OptimizeResult` with the + following attributes. (The descriptions are written as though the values will + be scalars; however, if `f` returns an array, the outputs will be + arrays of the same shape.) + + success : bool array + ``True`` when the algorithm terminated successfully (status ``0``). + ``False`` otherwise. + status : int array + An integer representing the exit status of the algorithm. + + - ``0`` : The algorithm converged to the specified tolerances. + - ``-1`` : (unused) + - ``-2`` : The maximum number of iterations was reached. + - ``-3`` : A non-finite value was encountered. + - ``-4`` : Iteration was terminated by `callback`. + - ``1`` : The algorithm is proceeding normally (in `callback` only). + + integral : float array + An estimate of the integral. + error : float array + An estimate of the error. Only available if level two or higher + has been completed; otherwise NaN. + maxlevel : int array + The maximum refinement level used. + nfev : int array + The number of points at which `f` was evaluated. + + See Also + -------- + quad + + Notes + ----- + Implements the algorithm as described in [1]_ with minor adaptations for + finite-precision arithmetic, including some described by [2]_ and [3]_. The + tanh-sinh scheme was originally introduced in [4]_. + + Two error estimation schemes are described in [1]_ Section 5: one attempts to + detect and exploit quadratic convergence; the other simply compares the integral + estimates at successive levels. While neither is theoretically rigorous or + conservative, both work well in practice. Our error estimate uses the minimum of + these two schemes with a lower bound of ``eps * res.integral``. + + Due to floating-point error in the abscissae, the function may be evaluated + at the endpoints of the interval during iterations, but the values returned by + the function at the endpoints will be ignored. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Bailey, David H., Karthik Jeyabalan, and Xiaoye S. Li. "A comparison of + three high-precision quadrature schemes." Experimental Mathematics 14.3 + (2005): 317-329. + .. [2] Vanherck, Joren, Bart Sorée, and Wim Magnus. "Tanh-sinh quadrature for + single and multiple integration using floating-point arithmetic." + arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.15057 (2020). + .. [3] van Engelen, Robert A. "Improving the Double Exponential Quadrature + Tanh-Sinh, Sinh-Sinh and Exp-Sinh Formulas." + https://www.genivia.com/files/qthsh.pdf + .. [4] Takahasi, Hidetosi, and Masatake Mori. "Double exponential formulas for + numerical integration." Publications of the Research Institute for + Mathematical Sciences 9.3 (1974): 721-741. + + Examples + -------- + Evaluate the Gaussian integral: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import tanhsinh + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.exp(-x**2) + >>> res = tanhsinh(f, -np.inf, np.inf) + >>> res.integral # true value is np.sqrt(np.pi), 1.7724538509055159 + 1.7724538509055159 + >>> res.error # actual error is 0 + 4.0007963937534104e-16 + + The value of the Gaussian function (bell curve) is nearly zero for + arguments sufficiently far from zero, so the value of the integral + over a finite interval is nearly the same. + + >>> tanhsinh(f, -20, 20).integral + 1.772453850905518 + + However, with unfavorable integration limits, the integration scheme + may not be able to find the important region. + + >>> tanhsinh(f, -np.inf, 1000).integral + 4.500490856616431 + + In such cases, or when there are singularities within the interval, + break the integral into parts with endpoints at the important points. + + >>> tanhsinh(f, -np.inf, 0).integral + tanhsinh(f, 0, 1000).integral + 1.772453850905404 + + For integration involving very large or very small magnitudes, use + log-integration. (For illustrative purposes, the following example shows a + case in which both regular and log-integration work, but for more extreme + limits of integration, log-integration would avoid the underflow + experienced when evaluating the integral normally.) + + >>> res = tanhsinh(f, 20, 30, rtol=1e-10) + >>> res.integral, res.error + (4.7819613911309014e-176, 4.670364401645202e-187) + >>> def log_f(x): + ... return -x**2 + >>> res = tanhsinh(log_f, 20, 30, log=True, rtol=np.log(1e-10)) + >>> np.exp(res.integral), np.exp(res.error) + (4.7819613911306924e-176, 4.670364401645093e-187) + + The limits of integration and elements of `args` may be broadcastable + arrays, and integration is performed elementwise. + + >>> from scipy import stats + >>> dist = stats.gausshyper(13.8, 3.12, 2.51, 5.18) + >>> a, b = dist.support() + >>> x = np.linspace(a, b, 100) + >>> res = tanhsinh(dist.pdf, a, x) + >>> ref = dist.cdf(x) + >>> np.allclose(res.integral, ref) + True + + By default, `preserve_shape` is False, and therefore the callable + `f` may be called with arrays of any broadcastable shapes. + For example: + + >>> shapes = [] + >>> def f(x, c): + ... shape = np.broadcast_shapes(x.shape, c.shape) + ... shapes.append(shape) + ... return np.sin(c*x) + >>> + >>> c = [1, 10, 30, 100] + >>> res = tanhsinh(f, 0, 1, args=(c,), minlevel=1) + >>> shapes + [(4,), (4, 34), (4, 32), (3, 64), (2, 128), (1, 256)] + + To understand where these shapes are coming from - and to better + understand how `tanhsinh` computes accurate results - note that + higher values of ``c`` correspond with higher frequency sinusoids. + The higher frequency sinusoids make the integrand more complicated, + so more function evaluations are required to achieve the target + accuracy: + + >>> res.nfev + array([ 67, 131, 259, 515], dtype=int32) + + The initial ``shape``, ``(4,)``, corresponds with evaluating the + integrand at a single abscissa and all four frequencies; this is used + for input validation and to determine the size and dtype of the arrays + that store results. The next shape corresponds with evaluating the + integrand at an initial grid of abscissae and all four frequencies. + Successive calls to the function double the total number of abscissae at + which the function has been evaluated. However, in later function + evaluations, the integrand is evaluated at fewer frequencies because + the corresponding integral has already converged to the required + tolerance. This saves function evaluations to improve performance, but + it requires the function to accept arguments of any shape. + + "Vector-valued" integrands, such as those written for use with + `scipy.integrate.quad_vec`, are unlikely to satisfy this requirement. + For example, consider + + >>> def f(x): + ... return [x, np.sin(10*x), np.cos(30*x), x*np.sin(100*x)**2] + + This integrand is not compatible with `tanhsinh` as written; for instance, + the shape of the output will not be the same as the shape of ``x``. Such a + function *could* be converted to a compatible form with the introduction of + additional parameters, but this would be inconvenient. In such cases, + a simpler solution would be to use `preserve_shape`. + + >>> shapes = [] + >>> def f(x): + ... shapes.append(x.shape) + ... x0, x1, x2, x3 = x + ... return [x0, np.sin(10*x1), np.cos(30*x2), x3*np.sin(100*x3)] + >>> + >>> a = np.zeros(4) + >>> res = tanhsinh(f, a, 1, preserve_shape=True) + >>> shapes + [(4,), (4, 66), (4, 64), (4, 128), (4, 256)] + + Here, the broadcasted shape of `a` and `b` is ``(4,)``. With + ``preserve_shape=True``, the function may be called with argument + ``x`` of shape ``(4,)`` or ``(4, n)``, and this is what we observe. + + """ + maxfun = None # unused right now + (f, a, b, log, maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel, + atol, rtol, args, preserve_shape, callback, xp) = _tanhsinh_iv( + f, a, b, log, maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel, atol, + rtol, args, preserve_shape, callback) + + # Initialization + # `eim._initialize` does several important jobs, including + # ensuring that limits, each of the `args`, and the output of `f` + # broadcast correctly and are of consistent types. To save a function + # evaluation, I pass the midpoint of the integration interval. This comes + # at a cost of some gymnastics to ensure that the midpoint has the right + # shape and dtype. Did you know that 0d and >0d arrays follow different + # type promotion rules? + with np.errstate(over='ignore', invalid='ignore', divide='ignore'): + c = xp.reshape((xp_ravel(a) + xp_ravel(b))/2, a.shape) + inf_a, inf_b = xp.isinf(a), xp.isinf(b) + c[inf_a] = b[inf_a] - 1. # takes care of infinite a + c[inf_b] = a[inf_b] + 1. # takes care of infinite b + c[inf_a & inf_b] = 0. # takes care of infinite a and b + temp = eim._initialize(f, (c,), args, complex_ok=True, + preserve_shape=preserve_shape, xp=xp) + f, xs, fs, args, shape, dtype, xp = temp + a = xp_ravel(xp.astype(xp.broadcast_to(a, shape), dtype)) + b = xp_ravel(xp.astype(xp.broadcast_to(b, shape), dtype)) + + # Transform improper integrals + a, b, a0, negative, abinf, ainf, binf = _transform_integrals(a, b, xp) + + # Define variables we'll need + nit, nfev = 0, 1 # one function evaluation performed above + zero = -xp.inf if log else 0 + pi = xp.asarray(xp.pi, dtype=dtype)[()] + maxiter = maxlevel - minlevel + 1 + eps = xp.finfo(dtype).eps + if rtol is None: + rtol = 0.75*math.log(eps) if log else eps**0.75 + + Sn = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, zero, dtype=dtype)) # latest integral estimate + Sn[xp.isnan(a) | xp.isnan(b) | xp.isnan(fs[0])] = xp.nan + Sk = xp.reshape(xp.empty_like(Sn), (-1, 1))[:, 0:0] # all integral estimates + aerr = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, xp.nan, dtype=dtype)) # absolute error + status = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, eim._EINPROGRESS, dtype=xp.int32)) + h0 = _get_base_step(dtype, xp) + h0 = xp.real(h0) # base step + + # For term `d4` of error estimate ([1] Section 5), we need to keep the + # most extreme abscissae and corresponding `fj`s, `wj`s in Euler-Maclaurin + # sum. Here, we initialize these variables. + xr0 = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, -xp.inf, dtype=dtype)) + fr0 = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, xp.nan, dtype=dtype)) + wr0 = xp_ravel(xp.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype)) + xl0 = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, xp.inf, dtype=dtype)) + fl0 = xp_ravel(xp.full(shape, xp.nan, dtype=dtype)) + wl0 = xp_ravel(xp.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype)) + d4 = xp_ravel(xp.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype)) + + work = _RichResult( + Sn=Sn, Sk=Sk, aerr=aerr, h=h0, log=log, dtype=dtype, pi=pi, eps=eps, + a=xp.reshape(a, (-1, 1)), b=xp.reshape(b, (-1, 1)), # integration limits + n=minlevel, nit=nit, nfev=nfev, status=status, # iter/eval counts + xr0=xr0, fr0=fr0, wr0=wr0, xl0=xl0, fl0=fl0, wl0=wl0, d4=d4, # err est + ainf=ainf, binf=binf, abinf=abinf, a0=xp.reshape(a0, (-1, 1)), # transforms + # Store the xjc/wj pair cache in an object so they can't get compressed + # Using RichResult to allow dot notation, but a dictionary would suffice + pair_cache=_RichResult(xjc=None, wj=None, indices=[0], h0=None)) # pair cache + + # Constant scalars don't need to be put in `work` unless they need to be + # passed outside `tanhsinh`. Examples: atol, rtol, h0, minlevel. + + # Correspondence between terms in the `work` object and the result + res_work_pairs = [('status', 'status'), ('integral', 'Sn'), + ('error', 'aerr'), ('nit', 'nit'), ('nfev', 'nfev')] + + def pre_func_eval(work): + # Determine abscissae at which to evaluate `f` + work.h = h0 / 2**work.n + xjc, wj = _get_pairs(work.n, h0, dtype=work.dtype, + inclusive=(work.n == minlevel), xp=xp, work=work) + work.xj, work.wj = _transform_to_limits(xjc, wj, work.a, work.b, xp) + + # Perform abscissae substitutions for infinite limits of integration + xj = xp_copy(work.xj) + xj[work.abinf] = xj[work.abinf] / (1 - xp.real(xj[work.abinf])**2) + xj[work.binf] = 1/xj[work.binf] - 1 + work.a0[work.binf] + xj[work.ainf] *= -1 + return xj + + def post_func_eval(x, fj, work): + # Weight integrand as required by substitutions for infinite limits + if work.log: + fj[work.abinf] += (xp.log(1 + work.xj[work.abinf]**2) + - 2*xp.log(1 - work.xj[work.abinf]**2)) + fj[work.binf] -= 2 * xp.log(work.xj[work.binf]) + else: + fj[work.abinf] *= ((1 + work.xj[work.abinf]**2) / + (1 - work.xj[work.abinf]**2)**2) + fj[work.binf] *= work.xj[work.binf]**-2. + + # Estimate integral with Euler-Maclaurin Sum + fjwj, Sn = _euler_maclaurin_sum(fj, work, xp) + if work.Sk.shape[-1]: + Snm1 = work.Sk[:, -1] + Sn = (special.logsumexp(xp.stack([Snm1 - math.log(2), Sn]), axis=0) if log + else Snm1 / 2 + Sn) + + work.fjwj = fjwj + work.Sn = Sn + + def check_termination(work): + """Terminate due to convergence or encountering non-finite values""" + stop = xp.zeros(work.Sn.shape, dtype=bool) + + # Terminate before first iteration if integration limits are equal + if work.nit == 0: + i = xp_ravel(work.a == work.b) # ravel singleton dimension + zero = xp.asarray(-xp.inf if log else 0.) + zero = xp.full(work.Sn.shape, zero, dtype=Sn.dtype) + zero[xp.isnan(Sn)] = xp.nan + work.Sn[i] = zero[i] + work.aerr[i] = zero[i] + work.status[i] = eim._ECONVERGED + stop[i] = True + else: + # Terminate if convergence criterion is met + rerr, aerr = _estimate_error(work, xp) + i = (rerr < rtol) | (aerr < atol) + work.aerr = xp.reshape(xp.astype(aerr, work.dtype), work.Sn.shape) + work.status[i] = eim._ECONVERGED + stop[i] = True + + # Terminate if integral estimate becomes invalid + if log: + Sn_real = xp.real(work.Sn) + Sn_pos_inf = xp.isinf(Sn_real) & (Sn_real > 0) + i = (Sn_pos_inf | xp.isnan(work.Sn)) & ~stop + else: + i = ~xp.isfinite(work.Sn) & ~stop + work.status[i] = eim._EVALUEERR + stop[i] = True + + return stop + + def post_termination_check(work): + work.n += 1 + work.Sk = xp.concat((work.Sk, work.Sn[:, xp.newaxis]), axis=-1) + return + + def customize_result(res, shape): + # If the integration limits were such that b < a, we reversed them + # to perform the calculation, and the final result needs to be negated. + if log and xp.any(negative): + res['integral'] = res['integral'] + negative * xp.pi * 1.0j + else: + res['integral'][negative] *= -1 + + # For this algorithm, it seems more appropriate to report the maximum + # level rather than the number of iterations in which it was performed. + res['maxlevel'] = minlevel + res['nit'] - 1 + res['maxlevel'][res['nit'] == 0] = -1 + del res['nit'] + return shape + + # Suppress all warnings initially, since there are many places in the code + # for which this is expected behavior. + with np.errstate(over='ignore', invalid='ignore', divide='ignore'): + res = eim._loop(work, callback, shape, maxiter, f, args, dtype, pre_func_eval, + post_func_eval, check_termination, post_termination_check, + customize_result, res_work_pairs, xp, preserve_shape) + return res + + +def _get_base_step(dtype, xp): + # Compute the base step length for the provided dtype. Theoretically, the + # Euler-Maclaurin sum is infinite, but it gets cut off when either the + # weights underflow or the abscissae cannot be distinguished from the + # limits of integration. The latter happens to occur first for float32 and + # float64, and it occurs when `xjc` (the abscissa complement) + # in `_compute_pair` underflows. We can solve for the argument `tmax` at + # which it will underflow using [2] Eq. 13. + fmin = 4*xp.finfo(dtype).smallest_normal # stay a little away from the limit + tmax = math.asinh(math.log(2/fmin - 1) / xp.pi) + + # Based on this, we can choose a base step size `h` for level 0. + # The number of function evaluations will be `2 + m*2^(k+1)`, where `k` is + # the level and `m` is an integer we get to choose. I choose + # m = _N_BASE_STEPS = `8` somewhat arbitrarily, but a rationale is that a + # power of 2 makes floating point arithmetic more predictable. It also + # results in a base step size close to `1`, which is what [1] uses (and I + # used here until I found [2] and these ideas settled). + h0 = tmax / _N_BASE_STEPS + return xp.asarray(h0, dtype=dtype)[()] + + +_N_BASE_STEPS = 8 + + +def _compute_pair(k, h0, xp): + # Compute the abscissa-weight pairs for each level k. See [1] page 9. + + # For now, we compute and store in 64-bit precision. If higher-precision + # data types become better supported, it would be good to compute these + # using the highest precision available. Or, once there is an Array API- + # compatible arbitrary precision array, we can compute at the required + # precision. + + # "....each level k of abscissa-weight pairs uses h = 2 **-k" + # We adapt to floating point arithmetic using ideas of [2]. + h = h0 / 2**k + max = _N_BASE_STEPS * 2**k + + # For iterations after the first, "....the integrand function needs to be + # evaluated only at the odd-indexed abscissas at each level." + j = xp.arange(max+1) if k == 0 else xp.arange(1, max+1, 2) + jh = j * h + + # "In this case... the weights wj = u1/cosh(u2)^2, where..." + pi_2 = xp.pi / 2 + u1 = pi_2*xp.cosh(jh) + u2 = pi_2*xp.sinh(jh) + # Denominators get big here. Overflow then underflow doesn't need warning. + # with np.errstate(under='ignore', over='ignore'): + wj = u1 / xp.cosh(u2)**2 + # "We actually store 1-xj = 1/(...)." + xjc = 1 / (xp.exp(u2) * xp.cosh(u2)) # complement of xj = xp.tanh(u2) + + # When level k == 0, the zeroth xj corresponds with xj = 0. To simplify + # code, the function will be evaluated there twice; each gets half weight. + wj[0] = wj[0] / 2 if k == 0 else wj[0] + + return xjc, wj # store at full precision + + +def _pair_cache(k, h0, xp, work): + # Cache the abscissa-weight pairs up to a specified level. + # Abscissae and weights of consecutive levels are concatenated. + # `index` records the indices that correspond with each level: + # `xjc[index[k]:index[k+1]` extracts the level `k` abscissae. + if not isinstance(h0, type(work.pair_cache.h0)) or h0 != work.pair_cache.h0: + work.pair_cache.xjc = xp.empty(0) + work.pair_cache.wj = xp.empty(0) + work.pair_cache.indices = [0] + + xjcs = [work.pair_cache.xjc] + wjs = [work.pair_cache.wj] + + for i in range(len(work.pair_cache.indices)-1, k + 1): + xjc, wj = _compute_pair(i, h0, xp) + xjcs.append(xjc) + wjs.append(wj) + work.pair_cache.indices.append(work.pair_cache.indices[-1] + xjc.shape[0]) + + work.pair_cache.xjc = xp.concat(xjcs) + work.pair_cache.wj = xp.concat(wjs) + work.pair_cache.h0 = h0 + + +def _get_pairs(k, h0, inclusive, dtype, xp, work): + # Retrieve the specified abscissa-weight pairs from the cache + # If `inclusive`, return all up to and including the specified level + if (len(work.pair_cache.indices) <= k+2 + or not isinstance (h0, type(work.pair_cache.h0)) + or h0 != work.pair_cache.h0): + _pair_cache(k, h0, xp, work) + + xjc = work.pair_cache.xjc + wj = work.pair_cache.wj + indices = work.pair_cache.indices + + start = 0 if inclusive else indices[k] + end = indices[k+1] + + return xp.astype(xjc[start:end], dtype), xp.astype(wj[start:end], dtype) + + +def _transform_to_limits(xjc, wj, a, b, xp): + # Transform integral according to user-specified limits. This is just + # math that follows from the fact that the standard limits are (-1, 1). + # Note: If we had stored xj instead of xjc, we would have + # xj = alpha * xj + beta, where beta = (a + b)/2 + alpha = (b - a) / 2 + xj = xp.concat((-alpha * xjc + b, alpha * xjc + a), axis=-1) + wj = wj*alpha # arguments get broadcasted, so we can't use *= + wj = xp.concat((wj, wj), axis=-1) + + # Points at the boundaries can be generated due to finite precision + # arithmetic, but these function values aren't supposed to be included in + # the Euler-Maclaurin sum. Ideally we wouldn't evaluate the function at + # these points; however, we can't easily filter out points since this + # function is vectorized. Instead, zero the weights. + # Note: values may have complex dtype, but have zero imaginary part + xj_real, a_real, b_real = xp.real(xj), xp.real(a), xp.real(b) + invalid = (xj_real <= a_real) | (xj_real >= b_real) + wj[invalid] = 0 + return xj, wj + + +def _euler_maclaurin_sum(fj, work, xp): + # Perform the Euler-Maclaurin Sum, [1] Section 4 + + # The error estimate needs to know the magnitude of the last term + # omitted from the Euler-Maclaurin sum. This is a bit involved because + # it may have been computed at a previous level. I sure hope it's worth + # all the trouble. + xr0, fr0, wr0 = work.xr0, work.fr0, work.wr0 + xl0, fl0, wl0 = work.xl0, work.fl0, work.wl0 + + # It is much more convenient to work with the transposes of our work + # variables here. + xj, fj, wj = work.xj.T, fj.T, work.wj.T + n_x, n_active = xj.shape # number of abscissae, number of active elements + + # We'll work with the left and right sides separately + xr, xl = xp_copy(xp.reshape(xj, (2, n_x // 2, n_active))) # this gets modified + fr, fl = xp.reshape(fj, (2, n_x // 2, n_active)) + wr, wl = xp.reshape(wj, (2, n_x // 2, n_active)) + + invalid_r = ~xp.isfinite(fr) | (wr == 0) + invalid_l = ~xp.isfinite(fl) | (wl == 0) + + # integer index of the maximum abscissa at this level + xr[invalid_r] = -xp.inf + ir = xp.argmax(xp.real(xr), axis=0, keepdims=True) + # abscissa, function value, and weight at this index + ### Not Array API Compatible... yet ### + xr_max = xp.take_along_axis(xr, ir, axis=0)[0] + fr_max = xp.take_along_axis(fr, ir, axis=0)[0] + wr_max = xp.take_along_axis(wr, ir, axis=0)[0] + # boolean indices at which maximum abscissa at this level exceeds + # the incumbent maximum abscissa (from all previous levels) + # note: abscissa may have complex dtype, but will have zero imaginary part + j = xp.real(xr_max) > xp.real(xr0) + # Update record of the incumbent abscissa, function value, and weight + xr0[j] = xr_max[j] + fr0[j] = fr_max[j] + wr0[j] = wr_max[j] + + # integer index of the minimum abscissa at this level + xl[invalid_l] = xp.inf + il = xp.argmin(xp.real(xl), axis=0, keepdims=True) + # abscissa, function value, and weight at this index + xl_min = xp.take_along_axis(xl, il, axis=0)[0] + fl_min = xp.take_along_axis(fl, il, axis=0)[0] + wl_min = xp.take_along_axis(wl, il, axis=0)[0] + # boolean indices at which minimum abscissa at this level is less than + # the incumbent minimum abscissa (from all previous levels) + # note: abscissa may have complex dtype, but will have zero imaginary part + j = xp.real(xl_min) < xp.real(xl0) + # Update record of the incumbent abscissa, function value, and weight + xl0[j] = xl_min[j] + fl0[j] = fl_min[j] + wl0[j] = wl_min[j] + fj = fj.T + + # Compute the error estimate `d4` - the magnitude of the leftmost or + # rightmost term, whichever is greater. + flwl0 = fl0 + xp.log(wl0) if work.log else fl0 * wl0 # leftmost term + frwr0 = fr0 + xp.log(wr0) if work.log else fr0 * wr0 # rightmost term + magnitude = xp.real if work.log else xp.abs + work.d4 = xp.maximum(magnitude(flwl0), magnitude(frwr0)) + + # There are two approaches to dealing with function values that are + # numerically infinite due to approaching a singularity - zero them, or + # replace them with the function value at the nearest non-infinite point. + # [3] pg. 22 suggests the latter, so let's do that given that we have the + # information. + fr0b = xp.broadcast_to(fr0[xp.newaxis, :], fr.shape) + fl0b = xp.broadcast_to(fl0[xp.newaxis, :], fl.shape) + fr[invalid_r] = fr0b[invalid_r] + fl[invalid_l] = fl0b[invalid_l] + + # When wj is zero, log emits a warning + # with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + fjwj = fj + xp.log(work.wj) if work.log else fj * work.wj + + # update integral estimate + Sn = (special.logsumexp(fjwj + xp.log(work.h), axis=-1) if work.log + else xp.sum(fjwj, axis=-1) * work.h) + + work.xr0, work.fr0, work.wr0 = xr0, fr0, wr0 + work.xl0, work.fl0, work.wl0 = xl0, fl0, wl0 + + return fjwj, Sn + + +def _estimate_error(work, xp): + # Estimate the error according to [1] Section 5 + + if work.n == 0 or work.nit == 0: + # The paper says to use "one" as the error before it can be calculated. + # NaN seems to be more appropriate. + nan = xp.full_like(work.Sn, xp.nan) + return nan, nan + + indices = work.pair_cache.indices + + n_active = work.Sn.shape[0] # number of active elements + axis_kwargs = dict(axis=-1, keepdims=True) + + # With a jump start (starting at level higher than 0), we haven't + # explicitly calculated the integral estimate at lower levels. But we have + # all the function value-weight products, so we can compute the + # lower-level estimates. + if work.Sk.shape[-1] == 0: + h = 2 * work.h # step size at this level + n_x = indices[work.n] # number of abscissa up to this level + # The right and left fjwj terms from all levels are concatenated along + # the last axis. Get out only the terms up to this level. + fjwj_rl = xp.reshape(work.fjwj, (n_active, 2, -1)) + fjwj = xp.reshape(fjwj_rl[:, :, :n_x], (n_active, 2*n_x)) + # Compute the Euler-Maclaurin sum at this level + Snm1 = (special.logsumexp(fjwj, **axis_kwargs) + xp.log(h) if work.log + else xp.sum(fjwj, **axis_kwargs) * h) + work.Sk = xp.concat((Snm1, work.Sk), axis=-1) + + if work.n == 1: + nan = xp.full_like(work.Sn, xp.nan) + return nan, nan + + # The paper says not to calculate the error for n<=2, but it's not clear + # about whether it starts at level 0 or level 1. We start at level 0, so + # why not compute the error beginning in level 2? + if work.Sk.shape[-1] < 2: + h = 4 * work.h # step size at this level + n_x = indices[work.n-1] # number of abscissa up to this level + # The right and left fjwj terms from all levels are concatenated along + # the last axis. Get out only the terms up to this level. + fjwj_rl = xp.reshape(work.fjwj, (work.Sn.shape[0], 2, -1)) + fjwj = xp.reshape(fjwj_rl[..., :n_x], (n_active, 2*n_x)) + # Compute the Euler-Maclaurin sum at this level + Snm2 = (special.logsumexp(fjwj, **axis_kwargs) + xp.log(h) if work.log + else xp.sum(fjwj, **axis_kwargs) * h) + work.Sk = xp.concat((Snm2, work.Sk), axis=-1) + + Snm2 = work.Sk[..., -2] + Snm1 = work.Sk[..., -1] + + e1 = xp.asarray(work.eps)[()] + + if work.log: + log_e1 = xp.log(e1) + # Currently, only real integrals are supported in log-scale. All + # complex values have imaginary part in increments of pi*j, which just + # carries sign information of the original integral, so use of + # `xp.real` here is equivalent to absolute value in real scale. + d1 = xp.real(special.logsumexp(xp.stack([work.Sn, Snm1 + work.pi*1j]), axis=0)) + d2 = xp.real(special.logsumexp(xp.stack([work.Sn, Snm2 + work.pi*1j]), axis=0)) + d3 = log_e1 + xp.max(xp.real(work.fjwj), axis=-1) + d4 = work.d4 + d5 = log_e1 + xp.real(work.Sn) + temp = xp.where(d1 > -xp.inf, d1 ** 2 / d2, -xp.inf) + ds = xp.stack([temp, 2 * d1, d3, d4]) + aerr = xp.clip(xp.max(ds, axis=0), d5, d1) + rerr = aerr - xp.real(work.Sn) + else: + # Note: explicit computation of log10 of each of these is unnecessary. + d1 = xp.abs(work.Sn - Snm1) + d2 = xp.abs(work.Sn - Snm2) + d3 = e1 * xp.max(xp.abs(work.fjwj), axis=-1) + d4 = work.d4 + d5 = e1 * xp.abs(work.Sn) + temp = xp.where(d1 > 0, d1**(xp.log(d1)/xp.log(d2)), 0) + ds = xp.stack([temp, d1**2, d3, d4]) + aerr = xp.clip(xp.max(ds, axis=0), d5, d1) + rerr = aerr/xp.abs(work.Sn) + + return rerr, aerr + + +def _transform_integrals(a, b, xp): + # Transform integrals to a form with finite a <= b + # For b == a (even infinite), we ensure that the limits remain equal + # For b < a, we reverse the limits and will multiply the final result by -1 + # For infinite limit on the right, we use the substitution x = 1/t - 1 + a + # For infinite limit on the left, we substitute x = -x and treat as above + # For infinite limits, we substitute x = t / (1-t**2) + ab_same = (a == b) + a[ab_same], b[ab_same] = 1, 1 + + # `a, b` may have complex dtype but have zero imaginary part + negative = xp.real(b) < xp.real(a) + a[negative], b[negative] = b[negative], a[negative] + + abinf = xp.isinf(a) & xp.isinf(b) + a[abinf], b[abinf] = -1, 1 + + ainf = xp.isinf(a) + a[ainf], b[ainf] = -b[ainf], -a[ainf] + + binf = xp.isinf(b) + a0 = xp_copy(a) + a[binf], b[binf] = 0, 1 + + return a, b, a0, negative, abinf, ainf, binf + + +def _tanhsinh_iv(f, a, b, log, maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel, + atol, rtol, args, preserve_shape, callback): + # Input validation and standardization + + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + a, b = xp_promote(a, b, broadcast=True, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + + message = '`f` must be callable.' + if not callable(f): + raise ValueError(message) + + message = 'All elements of `a` and `b` must be real numbers.' + if (xp.isdtype(a.dtype, 'complex floating') + or xp.isdtype(b.dtype, 'complex floating')): + raise ValueError(message) + + message = '`log` must be True or False.' + if log not in {True, False}: + raise ValueError(message) + log = bool(log) + + if atol is None: + atol = -xp.inf if log else 0 + + rtol_temp = rtol if rtol is not None else 0. + + # using NumPy for convenience here; these are just floats, not arrays + params = np.asarray([atol, rtol_temp, 0.]) + message = "`atol` and `rtol` must be real numbers." + if not np.issubdtype(params.dtype, np.floating): + raise ValueError(message) + + if log: + message = '`atol` and `rtol` may not be positive infinity.' + if np.any(np.isposinf(params)): + raise ValueError(message) + else: + message = '`atol` and `rtol` must be non-negative and finite.' + if np.any(params < 0) or np.any(np.isinf(params)): + raise ValueError(message) + atol = params[0] + rtol = rtol if rtol is None else params[1] + + BIGINT = float(2**62) + if maxfun is None and maxlevel is None: + maxlevel = 10 + + maxfun = BIGINT if maxfun is None else maxfun + maxlevel = BIGINT if maxlevel is None else maxlevel + + message = '`maxfun`, `maxlevel`, and `minlevel` must be integers.' + params = np.asarray([maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel]) + if not (np.issubdtype(params.dtype, np.number) + and np.all(np.isreal(params)) + and np.all(params.astype(np.int64) == params)): + raise ValueError(message) + message = '`maxfun`, `maxlevel`, and `minlevel` must be non-negative.' + if np.any(params < 0): + raise ValueError(message) + maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel = params.astype(np.int64) + minlevel = min(minlevel, maxlevel) + + if not np.iterable(args): + args = (args,) + args = (xp.asarray(arg) for arg in args) + + message = '`preserve_shape` must be True or False.' + if preserve_shape not in {True, False}: + raise ValueError(message) + + if callback is not None and not callable(callback): + raise ValueError('`callback` must be callable.') + + return (f, a, b, log, maxfun, maxlevel, minlevel, + atol, rtol, args, preserve_shape, callback, xp) + + +def _nsum_iv(f, a, b, step, args, log, maxterms, tolerances): + # Input validation and standardization + + xp = array_namespace(a, b, step) + a, b, step = xp_promote(a, b, step, broadcast=True, force_floating=True, xp=xp) + + message = '`f` must be callable.' + if not callable(f): + raise ValueError(message) + + message = 'All elements of `a`, `b`, and `step` must be real numbers.' + if not xp.isdtype(a.dtype, ('integral', 'real floating')): + raise ValueError(message) + + valid_b = b >= a # NaNs will be False + valid_step = xp.isfinite(step) & (step > 0) + valid_abstep = valid_b & valid_step + + message = '`log` must be True or False.' + if log not in {True, False}: + raise ValueError(message) + + tolerances = {} if tolerances is None else tolerances + + atol = tolerances.get('atol', None) + if atol is None: + atol = -xp.inf if log else 0 + + rtol = tolerances.get('rtol', None) + rtol_temp = rtol if rtol is not None else 0. + + # using NumPy for convenience here; these are just floats, not arrays + params = np.asarray([atol, rtol_temp, 0.]) + message = "`atol` and `rtol` must be real numbers." + if not np.issubdtype(params.dtype, np.floating): + raise ValueError(message) + + if log: + message = '`atol`, `rtol` may not be positive infinity or NaN.' + if np.any(np.isposinf(params) | np.isnan(params)): + raise ValueError(message) + else: + message = '`atol`, and `rtol` must be non-negative and finite.' + if np.any((params < 0) | (~np.isfinite(params))): + raise ValueError(message) + atol = params[0] + rtol = rtol if rtol is None else params[1] + + maxterms_int = int(maxterms) + if maxterms_int != maxterms or maxterms < 0: + message = "`maxterms` must be a non-negative integer." + raise ValueError(message) + + if not np.iterable(args): + args = (args,) + + return f, a, b, step, valid_abstep, args, log, maxterms_int, atol, rtol, xp + + +@xp_capabilities(skip_backends=[('torch', 'data-apis/array-api-compat#271'), + ('array_api_strict', 'No fancy indexing.'), + ('jax.numpy', 'No mutation.'), + ('dask.array', + 'Data-dependent shapes in boolean index assignment')]) +def nsum(f, a, b, *, step=1, args=(), log=False, maxterms=int(2**20), tolerances=None): + r"""Evaluate a convergent finite or infinite series. + + For finite `a` and `b`, this evaluates:: + + f(a + np.arange(n)*step).sum() + + where ``n = int((b - a) / step) + 1``, where `f` is smooth, positive, and + unimodal. The number of terms in the sum may be very large or infinite, + in which case a partial sum is evaluated directly and the remainder is + approximated using integration. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + The function that evaluates terms to be summed. The signature must be:: + + f(x: ndarray, *args) -> ndarray + + where each element of ``x`` is a finite real and ``args`` is a tuple, + which may contain an arbitrary number of arrays that are broadcastable + with ``x``. + + `f` must be an elementwise function: each element ``f(x)[i]`` + must equal ``f(x[i])`` for all indices ``i``. It must not mutate the + array ``x`` or the arrays in ``args``, and it must return NaN where + the argument is NaN. + + `f` must represent a smooth, positive, unimodal function of `x` defined at + *all reals* between `a` and `b`. + a, b : float array_like + Real lower and upper limits of summed terms. Must be broadcastable. + Each element of `a` must be less than the corresponding element in `b`. + step : float array_like + Finite, positive, real step between summed terms. Must be broadcastable + with `a` and `b`. Note that the number of terms included in the sum will + be ``floor((b - a) / step)`` + 1; adjust `b` accordingly to ensure + that ``f(b)`` is included if intended. + args : tuple of array_like, optional + Additional positional arguments to be passed to `f`. Must be arrays + broadcastable with `a`, `b`, and `step`. If the callable to be summed + requires arguments that are not broadcastable with `a`, `b`, and `step`, + wrap that callable with `f` such that `f` accepts only `x` and + broadcastable ``*args``. See Examples. + log : bool, default: False + Setting to True indicates that `f` returns the log of the terms + and that `atol` and `rtol` are expressed as the logs of the absolute + and relative errors. In this case, the result object will contain the + log of the sum and error. This is useful for summands for which + numerical underflow or overflow would lead to inaccuracies. + maxterms : int, default: 2**20 + The maximum number of terms to evaluate for direct summation. + Additional function evaluations may be performed for input + validation and integral evaluation. + atol, rtol : float, optional + Absolute termination tolerance (default: 0) and relative termination + tolerance (default: ``eps**0.5``, where ``eps`` is the precision of + the result dtype), respectively. Must be non-negative + and finite if `log` is False, and must be expressed as the log of a + non-negative and finite number if `log` is True. + + Returns + ------- + res : _RichResult + An object similar to an instance of `scipy.optimize.OptimizeResult` with the + following attributes. (The descriptions are written as though the values will + be scalars; however, if `f` returns an array, the outputs will be + arrays of the same shape.) + + success : bool + ``True`` when the algorithm terminated successfully (status ``0``); + ``False`` otherwise. + status : int array + An integer representing the exit status of the algorithm. + + - ``0`` : The algorithm converged to the specified tolerances. + - ``-1`` : Element(s) of `a`, `b`, or `step` are invalid + - ``-2`` : Numerical integration reached its iteration limit; + the sum may be divergent. + - ``-3`` : A non-finite value was encountered. + - ``-4`` : The magnitude of the last term of the partial sum exceeds + the tolerances, so the error estimate exceeds the tolerances. + Consider increasing `maxterms` or loosening `tolerances`. + Alternatively, the callable may not be unimodal, or the limits of + summation may be too far from the function maximum. Consider + increasing `maxterms` or breaking the sum into pieces. + + sum : float array + An estimate of the sum. + error : float array + An estimate of the absolute error, assuming all terms are non-negative, + the function is computed exactly, and direct summation is accurate to + the precision of the result dtype. + nfev : int array + The number of points at which `f` was evaluated. + + See Also + -------- + mpmath.nsum + + Notes + ----- + The method implemented for infinite summation is related to the integral + test for convergence of an infinite series: assuming `step` size 1 for + simplicity of exposition, the sum of a monotone decreasing function is bounded by + + .. math:: + + \int_u^\infty f(x) dx \leq \sum_{k=u}^\infty f(k) \leq \int_u^\infty f(x) dx + f(u) + + Let :math:`a` represent `a`, :math:`n` represent `maxterms`, :math:`\epsilon_a` + represent `atol`, and :math:`\epsilon_r` represent `rtol`. + The implementation first evaluates the integral :math:`S_l=\int_a^\infty f(x) dx` + as a lower bound of the infinite sum. Then, it seeks a value :math:`c > a` such + that :math:`f(c) < \epsilon_a + S_l \epsilon_r`, if it exists; otherwise, + let :math:`c = a + n`. Then the infinite sum is approximated as + + .. math:: + + \sum_{k=a}^{c-1} f(k) + \int_c^\infty f(x) dx + f(c)/2 + + and the reported error is :math:`f(c)/2` plus the error estimate of + numerical integration. Note that the integral approximations may require + evaluation of the function at points besides those that appear in the sum, + so `f` must be a continuous and monotonically decreasing function defined + for all reals within the integration interval. However, due to the nature + of the integral approximation, the shape of the function between points + that appear in the sum has little effect. If there is not a natural + extension of the function to all reals, consider using linear interpolation, + which is easy to evaluate and preserves monotonicity. + + The approach described above is generalized for non-unit + `step` and finite `b` that is too large for direct evaluation of the sum, + i.e. ``b - a + 1 > maxterms``. It is further generalized to unimodal + functions by directly summing terms surrounding the maximum. + This strategy may fail: + + - If the left limit is finite and the maximum is far from it. + - If the right limit is finite and the maximum is far from it. + - If both limits are finite and the maximum is far from the origin. + + In these cases, accuracy may be poor, and `nsum` may return status code ``4``. + + Although the callable `f` must be non-negative and unimodal, + `nsum` can be used to evaluate more general forms of series. For instance, to + evaluate an alternating series, pass a callable that returns the difference + between pairs of adjacent terms, and adjust `step` accordingly. See Examples. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Wikipedia. "Integral test for convergence." + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_test_for_convergence + + Examples + -------- + Compute the infinite sum of the reciprocals of squared integers. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.integrate import nsum + >>> res = nsum(lambda k: 1/k**2, 1, np.inf) + >>> ref = np.pi**2/6 # true value + >>> res.error # estimated error + np.float64(7.448762306416137e-09) + >>> (res.sum - ref)/ref # true error + np.float64(-1.839871898894426e-13) + >>> res.nfev # number of points at which callable was evaluated + np.int32(8561) + + Compute the infinite sums of the reciprocals of integers raised to powers ``p``, + where ``p`` is an array. + + >>> from scipy import special + >>> p = np.arange(3, 10) + >>> res = nsum(lambda k, p: 1/k**p, 1, np.inf, maxterms=1e3, args=(p,)) + >>> ref = special.zeta(p, 1) + >>> np.allclose(res.sum, ref) + True + + Evaluate the alternating harmonic series. + + >>> res = nsum(lambda x: 1/x - 1/(x+1), 1, np.inf, step=2) + >>> res.sum, res.sum - np.log(2) # result, difference vs analytical sum + (np.float64(0.6931471805598691), np.float64(-7.616129948928574e-14)) + + """ # noqa: E501 + # Potential future work: + # - improve error estimate of `_direct` sum + # - add other methods for convergence acceleration (Richardson, epsilon) + # - support negative monotone increasing functions? + # - b < a / negative step? + # - complex-valued function? + # - check for violations of monotonicity? + + # Function-specific input validation / standardization + tmp = _nsum_iv(f, a, b, step, args, log, maxterms, tolerances) + f, a, b, step, valid_abstep, args, log, maxterms, atol, rtol, xp = tmp + + # Additional elementwise algorithm input validation / standardization + tmp = eim._initialize(f, (a,), args, complex_ok=False, xp=xp) + f, xs, fs, args, shape, dtype, xp = tmp + + # Finish preparing `a`, `b`, and `step` arrays + a = xs[0] + b = xp.astype(xp_ravel(xp.broadcast_to(b, shape)), dtype) + step = xp.astype(xp_ravel(xp.broadcast_to(step, shape)), dtype) + valid_abstep = xp_ravel(xp.broadcast_to(valid_abstep, shape)) + nterms = xp.floor((b - a) / step) + finite_terms = xp.isfinite(nterms) + b[finite_terms] = a[finite_terms] + nterms[finite_terms]*step[finite_terms] + + # Define constants + eps = xp.finfo(dtype).eps + zero = xp.asarray(-xp.inf if log else 0, dtype=dtype)[()] + if rtol is None: + rtol = 0.5*math.log(eps) if log else eps**0.5 + constants = (dtype, log, eps, zero, rtol, atol, maxterms) + + # Prepare result arrays + S = xp.empty_like(a) + E = xp.empty_like(a) + status = xp.zeros(len(a), dtype=xp.int32) + nfev = xp.ones(len(a), dtype=xp.int32) # one function evaluation above + + # Branch for direct sum evaluation / integral approximation / invalid input + i0 = ~valid_abstep # invalid + i0b = b < a # zero + i1 = (nterms + 1 <= maxterms) & ~i0 # direct sum evaluation + i2 = xp.isfinite(a) & ~i1 & ~i0 # infinite sum to the right + i3 = xp.isfinite(b) & ~i2 & ~i1 & ~i0 # infinite sum to the left + i4 = ~i3 & ~i2 & ~i1 & ~i0 # infinite sum on both sides + + if xp.any(i0): + S[i0], E[i0] = xp.nan, xp.nan + status[i0] = -1 + + S[i0b], E[i0b] = zero, zero + status[i0b] = 0 + + if xp.any(i1): + args_direct = [arg[i1] for arg in args] + tmp = _direct(f, a[i1], b[i1], step[i1], args_direct, constants, xp) + S[i1], E[i1] = tmp[:-1] + nfev[i1] += tmp[-1] + status[i1] = -3 * xp.asarray(~xp.isfinite(S[i1]), dtype=xp.int32) + + if xp.any(i2): + args_indirect = [arg[i2] for arg in args] + tmp = _integral_bound(f, a[i2], b[i2], step[i2], + args_indirect, constants, xp) + S[i2], E[i2], status[i2] = tmp[:-1] + nfev[i2] += tmp[-1] + + if xp.any(i3): + args_indirect = [arg[i3] for arg in args] + def _f(x, *args): return f(-x, *args) + tmp = _integral_bound(_f, -b[i3], -a[i3], step[i3], + args_indirect, constants, xp) + S[i3], E[i3], status[i3] = tmp[:-1] + nfev[i3] += tmp[-1] + + if xp.any(i4): + args_indirect = [arg[i4] for arg in args] + + # There are two obvious high-level strategies: + # - Do two separate half-infinite sums (e.g. from -inf to 0 and 1 to inf) + # - Make a callable that returns f(x) + f(-x) and do a single half-infinite sum + # I thought the latter would have about half the overhead, so I went that way. + # Then there are two ways of ensuring that f(0) doesn't get counted twice. + # - Evaluate the sum from 1 to inf and add f(0) + # - Evaluate the sum from 0 to inf and subtract f(0) + # - Evaluate the sum from 0 to inf, but apply a weight of 0.5 when `x = 0` + # The last option has more overhead, but is simpler to implement correctly + # (especially getting the status message right) + if log: + def _f(x, *args): + log_factor = xp.where(x==0, math.log(0.5), 0) + out = xp.stack([f(x, *args), f(-x, *args)], axis=0) + return special.logsumexp(out, axis=0) + log_factor + + else: + def _f(x, *args): + factor = xp.where(x==0, 0.5, 1) + return (f(x, *args) + f(-x, *args)) * factor + + zero = xp.zeros_like(a[i4]) + tmp = _integral_bound(_f, zero, b[i4], step[i4], args_indirect, constants, xp) + S[i4], E[i4], status[i4] = tmp[:-1] + nfev[i4] += 2*tmp[-1] + + # Return results + S, E = S.reshape(shape)[()], E.reshape(shape)[()] + status, nfev = status.reshape(shape)[()], nfev.reshape(shape)[()] + return _RichResult(sum=S, error=E, status=status, success=status == 0, + nfev=nfev) + + +def _direct(f, a, b, step, args, constants, xp, inclusive=True): + # Directly evaluate the sum. + + # When used in the context of distributions, `args` would contain the + # distribution parameters. We have broadcasted for simplicity, but we could + # reduce function evaluations when distribution parameters are the same but + # sum limits differ. Roughly: + # - compute the function at all points between min(a) and max(b), + # - compute the cumulative sum, + # - take the difference between elements of the cumulative sum + # corresponding with b and a. + # This is left to future enhancement + + dtype, log, eps, zero, _, _, _ = constants + + # To allow computation in a single vectorized call, find the maximum number + # of points (over all slices) at which the function needs to be evaluated. + # Note: if `inclusive` is `True`, then we want `1` more term in the sum. + # I didn't think it was great style to use `True` as `1` in Python, so I + # explicitly converted it to an `int` before using it. + inclusive_adjustment = int(inclusive) + steps = xp.round((b - a) / step) + inclusive_adjustment + # Equivalently, steps = xp.round((b - a) / step) + inclusive + max_steps = int(xp.max(steps)) + + # In each slice, the function will be evaluated at the same number of points, + # but excessive points (those beyond the right sum limit `b`) are replaced + # with NaN to (potentially) reduce the time of these unnecessary calculations. + # Use a new last axis for these calculations for consistency with other + # elementwise algorithms. + a2, b2, step2 = a[:, xp.newaxis], b[:, xp.newaxis], step[:, xp.newaxis] + args2 = [arg[:, xp.newaxis] for arg in args] + ks = a2 + xp.arange(max_steps, dtype=dtype) * step2 + i_nan = ks >= (b2 + inclusive_adjustment*step2/2) + ks[i_nan] = xp.nan + fs = f(ks, *args2) + + # The function evaluated at NaN is NaN, and NaNs are zeroed in the sum. + # In some cases it may be faster to loop over slices than to vectorize + # like this. This is an optimization that can be added later. + fs[i_nan] = zero + nfev = max_steps - i_nan.sum(axis=-1) + S = special.logsumexp(fs, axis=-1) if log else xp.sum(fs, axis=-1) + # Rough, non-conservative error estimate. See gh-19667 for improvement ideas. + E = xp.real(S) + math.log(eps) if log else eps * abs(S) + return S, E, nfev + + +def _integral_bound(f, a, b, step, args, constants, xp): + # Estimate the sum with integral approximation + dtype, log, _, _, rtol, atol, maxterms = constants + log2 = xp.asarray(math.log(2), dtype=dtype) + + # Get a lower bound on the sum and compute effective absolute tolerance + lb = tanhsinh(f, a, b, args=args, atol=atol, rtol=rtol, log=log) + tol = xp.broadcast_to(xp.asarray(atol), lb.integral.shape) + if log: + tol = special.logsumexp(xp.stack((tol, rtol + lb.integral)), axis=0) + else: + tol = tol + rtol*lb.integral + i_skip = lb.status == -3 # avoid unnecessary f_evals if integral is divergent + tol[i_skip] = xp.nan + status = lb.status + + # As in `_direct`, we'll need a temporary new axis for points + # at which to evaluate the function. Append axis at the end for + # consistency with other elementwise algorithms. + a2 = a[..., xp.newaxis] + step2 = step[..., xp.newaxis] + args2 = [arg[..., xp.newaxis] for arg in args] + + # Find the location of a term that is less than the tolerance (if possible) + log2maxterms = math.floor(math.log2(maxterms)) if maxterms else 0 + n_steps = xp.concat((2**xp.arange(0, log2maxterms), xp.asarray([maxterms]))) + n_steps = xp.astype(n_steps, dtype) + nfev = len(n_steps) * 2 + ks = a2 + n_steps * step2 + fks = f(ks, *args2) + fksp1 = f(ks + step2, *args2) # check that the function is decreasing + fk_insufficient = (fks > tol[:, xp.newaxis]) | (fksp1 > fks) + n_fk_insufficient = xp.sum(fk_insufficient, axis=-1) + nt = xp.minimum(n_fk_insufficient, n_steps.shape[-1]-1) + n_steps = n_steps[nt] + + # If `maxterms` is insufficient (i.e. either the magnitude of the last term of the + # partial sum exceeds the tolerance or the function is not decreasing), finish the + # calculation, but report nonzero status. (Improvement: separate the status codes + # for these two cases.) + i_fk_insufficient = (n_fk_insufficient == nfev//2) + + # Directly evaluate the sum up to this term + k = a + n_steps * step + left, left_error, left_nfev = _direct(f, a, k, step, args, + constants, xp, inclusive=False) + left_is_pos_inf = xp.isinf(left) & (left > 0) + i_skip |= left_is_pos_inf # if sum is infinite, no sense in continuing + status[left_is_pos_inf] = -3 + k[i_skip] = xp.nan + + # Use integration to estimate the remaining sum + # Possible optimization for future work: if there were no terms less than + # the tolerance, there is no need to compute the integral to better accuracy. + # Something like: + # atol = xp.maximum(atol, xp.minimum(fk/2 - fb/2)) + # rtol = xp.maximum(rtol, xp.minimum((fk/2 - fb/2)/left)) + # where `fk`/`fb` are currently calculated below. + right = tanhsinh(f, k, b, args=args, atol=atol, rtol=rtol, log=log) + + # Calculate the full estimate and error from the pieces + fk = fks[xp.arange(len(fks)), nt] + + # fb = f(b, *args), but some functions return NaN at infinity. + # instead of 0 like they must (for the sum to be convergent). + fb = xp.full_like(fk, -xp.inf) if log else xp.zeros_like(fk) + i = xp.isfinite(b) + if xp.any(i): # better not call `f` with empty arrays + fb[i] = f(b[i], *[arg[i] for arg in args]) + nfev = nfev + xp.asarray(i, dtype=left_nfev.dtype) + + if log: + log_step = xp.log(step) + S_terms = (left, right.integral - log_step, fk - log2, fb - log2) + S = special.logsumexp(xp.stack(S_terms), axis=0) + E_terms = (left_error, right.error - log_step, fk-log2, fb-log2+xp.pi*1j) + E = xp.real(special.logsumexp(xp.stack(E_terms), axis=0)) + else: + S = left + right.integral/step + fk/2 + fb/2 + E = left_error + right.error/step + fk/2 - fb/2 + status[~i_skip] = right.status[~i_skip] + + status[(status == 0) & i_fk_insufficient] = -4 + return S, E, status, left_nfev + right.nfev + nfev + lb.nfev diff --git 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120840 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/dop.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/dop.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf67a9a35b7d2959c2617aadc5638b577a45b9b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/dop.py @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="integrate", module="dop", + private_modules=["_dop"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/lsoda.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/lsoda.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..719e50411af4c148409ffae757bffe3e38006c81 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/lsoda.py @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = ['lsoda'] # noqa: F822 + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="integrate", module="lsoda", + private_modules=["_odepack"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/odepack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/odepack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7bb4c1a8c9be375df855abe6e1b30ca9711f2607 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/odepack.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.integrate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = ['odeint', 'ODEintWarning'] # noqa: F822 + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="integrate", module="odepack", + private_modules=["_odepack_py"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/quadpack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/quadpack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..144584988095c8855da8c34253c045f1a3940572 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/quadpack.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.integrate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + "quad", + "dblquad", + 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0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5ce8616c13ec2e1bb2f171fb0b6f7a6a5369d15a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test__quad_vec.py @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ +import pytest + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose + +from scipy.integrate import quad_vec +from scipy._lib._array_api import make_xp_test_case + +from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool + + +quadrature_params = pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'quadrature', [None, "gk15", "gk21", "trapezoid"]) + +def _lorenzian(x): + return 1 / (1 + x**2) + +def _func_with_args(x, a): + return x * (x + a) * np.arange(3) + + +@make_xp_test_case(quad_vec) +class TestQuadVec: + @quadrature_params + def test_quad_vec_simple(self, quadrature): + n = np.arange(10) + def f(x): + return x ** n + for epsabs in [0.1, 1e-3, 1e-6]: + if quadrature == 'trapezoid' and epsabs < 1e-4: + # slow: skip + continue + + kwargs = dict(epsabs=epsabs, quadrature=quadrature) + + exact = 2**(n+1)/(n + 1) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 2, norm='max', **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=epsabs) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 2, norm='2', **kwargs) + assert np.linalg.norm(res - exact) < epsabs + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 2, norm='max', points=(0.5, 1.0), **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=epsabs) + + res, err, *rest = quad_vec(f, 0, 2, norm='max', + epsrel=1e-8, + full_output=True, + limit=10000, + **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=epsabs) + + + @quadrature_params + def test_quad_vec_simple_inf(self, quadrature): + def f(x): + return 1 / (1 + np.float64(x) ** 2) + + for epsabs in [0.1, 1e-3, 1e-6]: + if quadrature == 'trapezoid' and epsabs < 1e-4: + # slow: skip + continue + + kwargs = dict(norm='max', epsabs=epsabs, quadrature=quadrature) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi/2, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, -np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, -np.pi/2, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, 0, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi/2, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, np.inf, 0, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, -np.pi/2, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, np.inf, -np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, -np.pi, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, np.inf, np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, 0, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, -np.inf, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, 0, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, np.inf, points=(1.0, 2.0), **kwargs) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi/2, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, err)) + + def f(x): + return np.sin(x + 2) / (1 + x ** 2) + exact = np.pi / np.e * np.sin(2) + epsabs = 1e-5 + + res, err, info = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, np.inf, limit=1000, norm='max', + epsabs=epsabs, quadrature=quadrature, + full_output=True) + assert info.status == 1 + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=max(epsabs, 1.5 * err)) + + + def test_quad_vec_args(self): + def f(x, a): + return x * (x + a) * np.arange(3) + a = 2 + exact = np.array([0, 4/3, 8/3]) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 1, args=(a,)) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) + def test_quad_vec_pool(self): + f = _lorenzian + res, err = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, np.inf, norm='max', epsabs=1e-4, workers=4) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi, rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + with Pool(10) as pool: + def f(x): + return 1 / (1 + x ** 2) + res, _ = quad_vec(f, -np.inf, np.inf, norm='max', epsabs=1e-4, + workers=pool.map) + assert_allclose(res, np.pi, rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('extra_args', [2, (2,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'workers', + [1, pytest.param(10, marks=pytest.mark.parallel_threads_limit(4))] + ) + def test_quad_vec_pool_args(self, extra_args, workers): + f = _func_with_args + exact = np.array([0, 4/3, 8/3]) + + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 1, args=extra_args, workers=workers) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + with Pool(workers) as pool: + res, err = quad_vec(f, 0, 1, args=extra_args, workers=pool.map) + assert_allclose(res, exact, rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + @quadrature_params + def test_num_eval(self, quadrature): + def f(x): + count[0] += 1 + return x**5 + + count = [0] + res = quad_vec(f, 0, 1, norm='max', full_output=True, quadrature=quadrature) + assert res[2].neval == count[0] + + def test_info(self): + def f(x): + return np.ones((3, 2, 1)) + + res, err, info = quad_vec(f, 0, 1, norm='max', full_output=True) + + assert info.success is True + assert info.status == 0 + assert info.message == 'Target precision reached.' + assert info.neval > 0 + assert info.intervals.shape[1] == 2 + assert info.integrals.shape == (info.intervals.shape[0], 3, 2, 1) + assert info.errors.shape == (info.intervals.shape[0],) + + def test_nan_inf(self): + def f_nan(x): + return np.nan + + def f_inf(x): + return np.inf if x < 0.1 else 1/x + + res, err, info = quad_vec(f_nan, 0, 1, full_output=True) + assert info.status == 3 + + res, err, info = quad_vec(f_inf, 0, 1, full_output=True) + assert info.status == 3 + + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('a,b', [(0, 1), (0, np.inf), (np.inf, 0), + (-np.inf, np.inf), (np.inf, -np.inf)]) + def test_points(self, a, b): + # Check that initial interval splitting is done according to + # `points`, by checking that consecutive sets of 15 point (for + # gk15) function evaluations lie between `points` + + points = (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0) + points += tuple(-x for x in points) + + quadrature_points = 15 + interval_sets = [] + count = 0 + + def f(x): + nonlocal count + + if count % quadrature_points == 0: + interval_sets.append(set()) + + count += 1 + interval_sets[-1].add(float(x)) + return 0.0 + + quad_vec(f, a, b, points=points, quadrature='gk15', limit=0) + + # Check that all point sets lie in a single `points` interval + for p in interval_sets: + j = np.searchsorted(sorted(points), tuple(p)) + assert np.all(j == j[0]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_banded_ode_solvers.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_banded_ode_solvers.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..561b0c726bad51daef7ac2af2e614cdf04712f7e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_banded_ode_solvers.py @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ +import itertools +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose +from scipy.integrate import ode + + +def _band_count(a): + """Returns ml and mu, the lower and upper band sizes of a.""" + nrows, ncols = a.shape + ml = 0 + for k in range(-nrows+1, 0): + if np.diag(a, k).any(): + ml = -k + break + mu = 0 + for k in range(nrows-1, 0, -1): + if np.diag(a, k).any(): + mu = k + break + return ml, mu + + +def _linear_func(t, y, a): + """Linear system dy/dt = a * y""" + return a.dot(y) + + +def _linear_jac(t, y, a): + """Jacobian of a * y is a.""" + return a + + +def _linear_banded_jac(t, y, a): + """Banded Jacobian.""" + ml, mu = _band_count(a) + bjac = [np.r_[[0] * k, np.diag(a, k)] for k in range(mu, 0, -1)] + bjac.append(np.diag(a)) + for k in range(-1, -ml-1, -1): + bjac.append(np.r_[np.diag(a, k), [0] * (-k)]) + return bjac + + +def _solve_linear_sys(a, y0, tend=1, dt=0.1, + solver=None, method='bdf', use_jac=True, + with_jacobian=False, banded=False): + """Use scipy.integrate.ode to solve a linear system of ODEs. + + a : square ndarray + Matrix of the linear system to be solved. + y0 : ndarray + Initial condition + tend : float + Stop time. + dt : float + Step size of the output. + solver : str + If not None, this must be "vode", "lsoda" or "zvode". + method : str + Either "bdf" or "adams". + use_jac : bool + Determines if the jacobian function is passed to ode(). + with_jacobian : bool + Passed to ode.set_integrator(). + banded : bool + Determines whether a banded or full jacobian is used. + If `banded` is True, `lband` and `uband` are determined by the + values in `a`. + """ + if banded: + lband, uband = _band_count(a) + else: + lband = None + uband = None + + if use_jac: + if banded: + r = ode(_linear_func, _linear_banded_jac) + else: + r = ode(_linear_func, _linear_jac) + else: + r = ode(_linear_func) + + if solver is None: + if np.iscomplexobj(a): + solver = "zvode" + else: + solver = "vode" + + r.set_integrator(solver, + with_jacobian=with_jacobian, + method=method, + lband=lband, uband=uband, + rtol=1e-9, atol=1e-10, + ) + t0 = 0 + r.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + r.set_f_params(a) + r.set_jac_params(a) + + t = [t0] + y = [y0.copy()] + while r.successful() and r.t < tend: + r.integrate(r.t + dt) + t.append(r.t) + y.append(r.y.copy()) + + t = np.array(t) + y = np.array(y) + return t, y + + +def _analytical_solution(a, y0, t): + """ + Analytical solution to the linear differential equations dy/dt = a*y. + + The solution is only valid if `a` is diagonalizable. + + Returns a 2-D array with shape (len(t), len(y0)). + """ + lam, v = np.linalg.eig(a) + c = np.linalg.solve(v, y0) + e = c * np.exp(lam * t.reshape(-1, 1)) + sol = e.dot(v.T) + return sol + + +@pytest.mark.thread_unsafe(reason="vode integrator is not thread-safe") +def test_banded_ode_solvers(): + # Test the "lsoda", "vode" and "zvode" solvers of the `ode` class + # with a system that has a banded Jacobian matrix. + + # This test does not test the Jacobian evaluation (banded or not) + # of "lsoda" due to the nonstiff nature of the equations. + + t_exact = np.linspace(0, 1.0, 5) + + # --- Real arrays for testing the "lsoda" and "vode" solvers --- + + # lband = 2, uband = 1: + a_real = np.array([[-0.6, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.2, -0.5, 0.9, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.1, 0.1, -0.4, 0.1, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.3, -0.1, -0.9, -0.3], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.1, -0.7]]) + + # lband = 0, uband = 1: + a_real_upper = np.triu(a_real) + + # lband = 2, uband = 0: + a_real_lower = np.tril(a_real) + + # lband = 0, uband = 0: + a_real_diag = np.triu(a_real_lower) + + real_matrices = [a_real, a_real_upper, a_real_lower, a_real_diag] + real_solutions = [] + + for a in real_matrices: + y0 = np.arange(1, a.shape[0] + 1) + y_exact = _analytical_solution(a, y0, t_exact) + real_solutions.append((y0, t_exact, y_exact)) + + def check_real(idx, solver, meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded): + a = real_matrices[idx] + y0, t_exact, y_exact = real_solutions[idx] + t, y = _solve_linear_sys(a, y0, + tend=t_exact[-1], + dt=t_exact[1] - t_exact[0], + solver=solver, + method=meth, + use_jac=use_jac, + with_jacobian=with_jac, + banded=banded) + assert_allclose(t, t_exact) + assert_allclose(y, y_exact) + + for idx in range(len(real_matrices)): + p = [['vode', 'lsoda'], # solver + ['bdf', 'adams'], # method + [False, True], # use_jac + [False, True], # with_jacobian + [False, True]] # banded + for solver, meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded in itertools.product(*p): + check_real(idx, solver, meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded) + + # --- Complex arrays for testing the "zvode" solver --- + + # complex, lband = 2, uband = 1: + a_complex = a_real - 0.5j * a_real + + # complex, lband = 0, uband = 0: + a_complex_diag = np.diag(np.diag(a_complex)) + + complex_matrices = [a_complex, a_complex_diag] + complex_solutions = [] + + for a in complex_matrices: + y0 = np.arange(1, a.shape[0] + 1) + 1j + y_exact = _analytical_solution(a, y0, t_exact) + complex_solutions.append((y0, t_exact, y_exact)) + + def check_complex(idx, solver, meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded): + a = complex_matrices[idx] + y0, t_exact, y_exact = complex_solutions[idx] + t, y = _solve_linear_sys(a, y0, + tend=t_exact[-1], + dt=t_exact[1] - t_exact[0], + solver=solver, + method=meth, + use_jac=use_jac, + with_jacobian=with_jac, + banded=banded) + assert_allclose(t, t_exact) + assert_allclose(y, y_exact) + + for idx in range(len(complex_matrices)): + p = [['bdf', 'adams'], # method + [False, True], # use_jac + [False, True], # with_jacobian + [False, True]] # banded + for meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded in itertools.product(*p): + check_complex(idx, "zvode", meth, use_jac, with_jac, banded) + +# lsoda requires a stiffer problem to switch to stiff solver +# Use the Robertson equation with surrounding trivial equations to make banded + +def stiff_f(t, y): + return np.array([ + y[0], + -0.04 * y[1] + 1e4 * y[2] * y[3], + 0.04 * y[1] - 1e4 * y[2] * y[3] - 3e7 * y[2]**2, + 3e7 * y[2]**2, + y[4] + ]) + +def stiff_jac(t, y): + return np.array([ + [1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, -0.04, 1e4*y[3], 1e4*y[2], 0], + [0, 0.04, -1e4 * y[3] - 3e7 * 2 * y[2], -1e4*y[2], 0], + [0, 0, 3e7*2*y[2], 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 1] + ]) + +def banded_stiff_jac(t, y): + return np.array([ + [0, 0, 0, 1e4*y[2], 0], + [0, 0, 1e4*y[3], -1e4*y[2], 0], + [1, -0.04, -1e4*y[3]-3e7*2*y[2], 0, 1], + [0, 0.04, 3e7*2*y[2], 0, 0] + ]) + +@pytest.mark.thread_unsafe(reason="lsoda integrator is not thread-safe") +def test_banded_lsoda(): + # expected solution is given by problem with full jacobian + tfull, yfull = _solve_robertson_lsoda(use_jac=True, banded=False) + + for use_jac in [True, False]: + t, y = _solve_robertson_lsoda(use_jac, True) + assert_allclose(t, tfull) + # Small tolerance to account for legitimate floating-point differences + # After fixing tesco and banded Jacobian bugs, max relative error is ~1.5e-7 + assert_allclose(y, yfull, rtol=2e-7) + +def _solve_robertson_lsoda(use_jac, banded): + + if use_jac: + if banded: + jac = banded_stiff_jac + else: + jac = stiff_jac + else: + jac = None + + if banded: + lband = 1 + uband = 2 + else: + lband = None + uband = None + + r = ode(stiff_f, jac) + r.set_integrator('lsoda', + lband=lband, uband=uband, + rtol=1e-9, atol=1e-10, + ) + t0 = 0 + dt = 1 + tend = 10 + y0 = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]) + r.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + + t = [t0] + y = [y0.copy()] + while r.successful() and r.t < tend: + r.integrate(r.t + dt) + t.append(r.t) + y.append(r.y.copy()) + + # Ensure that the Jacobian was evaluated + # iwork[12] has the number of Jacobian evaluations. + assert r._integrator.iwork[12] > 0 + + t = np.array(t) + y = np.array(y) + return t, y diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_bvp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_bvp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7e614dc83c747297135cb9134fb3eba743ba9c84 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_bvp.py @@ -0,0 +1,710 @@ +import sys +from io import StringIO + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_array_equal, assert_allclose, + assert_equal) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.sparse import coo_matrix +from scipy.special import erf +from scipy.integrate._bvp import (modify_mesh, estimate_fun_jac, + estimate_bc_jac, compute_jac_indices, + construct_global_jac, solve_bvp) + +import pytest + + +def exp_fun(x, y): + return np.vstack((y[1], y[0])) + + +def exp_fun_jac(x, y): + df_dy = np.empty((2, 2, x.shape[0])) + df_dy[0, 0] = 0 + df_dy[0, 1] = 1 + df_dy[1, 0] = 1 + df_dy[1, 1] = 0 + return df_dy + + +def exp_bc(ya, yb): + return np.hstack((ya[0] - 1, yb[0])) + + +def exp_bc_complex(ya, yb): + return np.hstack((ya[0] - 1 - 1j, yb[0])) + + +def exp_bc_jac(ya, yb): + dbc_dya = np.array([ + [1, 0], + [0, 0] + ]) + dbc_dyb = np.array([ + [0, 0], + [1, 0] + ]) + return dbc_dya, dbc_dyb + + +def exp_sol(x): + return (np.exp(-x) - np.exp(x - 2)) / (1 - np.exp(-2)) + + +def sl_fun(x, y, p): + return np.vstack((y[1], -p[0]**2 * y[0])) + + +def sl_fun_jac(x, y, p): + n, m = y.shape + df_dy = np.empty((n, 2, m)) + df_dy[0, 0] = 0 + df_dy[0, 1] = 1 + df_dy[1, 0] = -p[0]**2 + df_dy[1, 1] = 0 + + df_dp = np.empty((n, 1, m)) + df_dp[0, 0] = 0 + df_dp[1, 0] = -2 * p[0] * y[0] + + return df_dy, df_dp + + +def sl_bc(ya, yb, p): + return np.hstack((ya[0], yb[0], ya[1] - p[0])) + + +def sl_bc_jac(ya, yb, p): + dbc_dya = np.zeros((3, 2)) + dbc_dya[0, 0] = 1 + dbc_dya[2, 1] = 1 + + dbc_dyb = np.zeros((3, 2)) + dbc_dyb[1, 0] = 1 + + dbc_dp = np.zeros((3, 1)) + dbc_dp[2, 0] = -1 + + return dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp + + +def sl_sol(x, p): + return np.sin(p[0] * x) + + +def emden_fun(x, y): + return np.vstack((y[1], -y[0]**5)) + + +def emden_fun_jac(x, y): + df_dy = np.empty((2, 2, x.shape[0])) + df_dy[0, 0] = 0 + df_dy[0, 1] = 1 + df_dy[1, 0] = -5 * y[0]**4 + df_dy[1, 1] = 0 + return df_dy + + +def emden_bc(ya, yb): + return np.array([ya[1], yb[0] - (3/4)**0.5]) + + +def emden_bc_jac(ya, yb): + dbc_dya = np.array([ + [0, 1], + [0, 0] + ]) + dbc_dyb = np.array([ + [0, 0], + [1, 0] + ]) + return dbc_dya, dbc_dyb + + +def emden_sol(x): + return (1 + x**2/3)**-0.5 + + +def undefined_fun(x, y): + return np.zeros_like(y) + + +def undefined_bc(ya, yb): + return np.array([ya[0], yb[0] - 1]) + + +def big_fun(x, y): + f = np.zeros_like(y) + f[::2] = y[1::2] + return f + + +def big_bc(ya, yb): + return np.hstack((ya[::2], yb[::2] - 1)) + + +def big_sol(x, n): + y = np.ones((2 * n, x.size)) + y[::2] = x + return x + + +def big_fun_with_parameters(x, y, p): + """ Big version of sl_fun, with two parameters. + + The two differential equations represented by sl_fun are broadcast to the + number of rows of y, rotating between the parameters p[0] and p[1]. + Here are the differential equations: + + dy[0]/dt = y[1] + dy[1]/dt = -p[0]**2 * y[0] + dy[2]/dt = y[3] + dy[3]/dt = -p[1]**2 * y[2] + dy[4]/dt = y[5] + dy[5]/dt = -p[0]**2 * y[4] + dy[6]/dt = y[7] + dy[7]/dt = -p[1]**2 * y[6] + . + . + . + + """ + f = np.zeros_like(y) + f[::2] = y[1::2] + f[1::4] = -p[0]**2 * y[::4] + f[3::4] = -p[1]**2 * y[2::4] + return f + + +def big_fun_with_parameters_jac(x, y, p): + # big version of sl_fun_jac, with two parameters + n, m = y.shape + df_dy = np.zeros((n, n, m)) + df_dy[range(0, n, 2), range(1, n, 2)] = 1 + df_dy[range(1, n, 4), range(0, n, 4)] = -p[0]**2 + df_dy[range(3, n, 4), range(2, n, 4)] = -p[1]**2 + + df_dp = np.zeros((n, 2, m)) + df_dp[range(1, n, 4), 0] = -2 * p[0] * y[range(0, n, 4)] + df_dp[range(3, n, 4), 1] = -2 * p[1] * y[range(2, n, 4)] + + return df_dy, df_dp + + +def big_bc_with_parameters(ya, yb, p): + # big version of sl_bc, with two parameters + return np.hstack((ya[::2], yb[::2], ya[1] - p[0], ya[3] - p[1])) + + +def big_bc_with_parameters_jac(ya, yb, p): + # big version of sl_bc_jac, with two parameters + n = ya.shape[0] + dbc_dya = np.zeros((n + 2, n)) + dbc_dyb = np.zeros((n + 2, n)) + + dbc_dya[range(n // 2), range(0, n, 2)] = 1 + dbc_dyb[range(n // 2, n), range(0, n, 2)] = 1 + + dbc_dp = np.zeros((n + 2, 2)) + dbc_dp[n, 0] = -1 + dbc_dya[n, 1] = 1 + dbc_dp[n + 1, 1] = -1 + dbc_dya[n + 1, 3] = 1 + + return dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp + + +def big_sol_with_parameters(x, p): + # big version of sl_sol, with two parameters + return np.vstack((np.sin(p[0] * x), np.sin(p[1] * x))) + + +def shock_fun(x, y): + eps = 1e-3 + return np.vstack(( + y[1], + -(x * y[1] + eps * np.pi**2 * np.cos(np.pi * x) + + np.pi * x * np.sin(np.pi * x)) / eps + )) + + +def shock_bc(ya, yb): + return np.array([ya[0] + 2, yb[0]]) + + +def shock_sol(x): + eps = 1e-3 + k = np.sqrt(2 * eps) + return np.cos(np.pi * x) + erf(x / k) / erf(1 / k) + + +def nonlin_bc_fun(x, y): + # laplace eq. + return np.stack([y[1], np.zeros_like(x)]) + + +def nonlin_bc_bc(ya, yb): + phiA, phipA = ya + phiC, phipC = yb + + kappa, ioA, ioC, V, f = 1.64, 0.01, 1.0e-4, 0.5, 38.9 + + # Butler-Volmer Kinetics at Anode + hA = 0.0-phiA-0.0 + iA = ioA * (np.exp(f*hA) - np.exp(-f*hA)) + res0 = iA + kappa * phipA + + # Butler-Volmer Kinetics at Cathode + hC = V - phiC - 1.0 + iC = ioC * (np.exp(f*hC) - np.exp(-f*hC)) + res1 = iC - kappa*phipC + + return np.array([res0, res1]) + + +def nonlin_bc_sol(x): + return -0.13426436116763119 - 1.1308709 * x + + +def test_modify_mesh(): + x = np.array([0, 1, 3, 9], dtype=float) + x_new = modify_mesh(x, np.array([0]), np.array([2])) + assert_array_equal(x_new, np.array([0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9])) + + x = np.array([-6, -3, 0, 3, 6], dtype=float) + x_new = modify_mesh(x, np.array([1], dtype=int), np.array([0, 2, 3])) + assert_array_equal(x_new, [-6, -5, -4, -3, -1.5, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + + +def test_compute_fun_jac(): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + y = np.empty((2, x.shape[0])) + y[0] = 0.01 + y[1] = 0.02 + p = np.array([]) + df_dy, df_dp = estimate_fun_jac(lambda x, y, p: exp_fun(x, y), x, y, p) + df_dy_an = exp_fun_jac(x, y) + assert_allclose(df_dy, df_dy_an) + assert_(df_dp is None) + + x = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 5) + y = np.empty((2, x.shape[0])) + y[0] = np.sin(x) + y[1] = np.cos(x) + p = np.array([1.0]) + df_dy, df_dp = estimate_fun_jac(sl_fun, x, y, p) + df_dy_an, df_dp_an = sl_fun_jac(x, y, p) + assert_allclose(df_dy, df_dy_an) + assert_allclose(df_dp, df_dp_an) + + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + y = np.empty((2, x.shape[0])) + y[0] = (3/4)**0.5 + y[1] = 1e-4 + p = np.array([]) + df_dy, df_dp = estimate_fun_jac(lambda x, y, p: emden_fun(x, y), x, y, p) + df_dy_an = emden_fun_jac(x, y) + assert_allclose(df_dy, df_dy_an) + assert_(df_dp is None) + + +def test_compute_bc_jac(): + ya = np.array([-1.0, 2]) + yb = np.array([0.5, 3]) + p = np.array([]) + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = estimate_bc_jac( + lambda ya, yb, p: exp_bc(ya, yb), ya, yb, p) + dbc_dya_an, dbc_dyb_an = exp_bc_jac(ya, yb) + assert_allclose(dbc_dya, dbc_dya_an) + assert_allclose(dbc_dyb, dbc_dyb_an) + assert_(dbc_dp is None) + + ya = np.array([0.0, 1]) + yb = np.array([0.0, -1]) + p = np.array([0.5]) + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = estimate_bc_jac(sl_bc, ya, yb, p) + dbc_dya_an, dbc_dyb_an, dbc_dp_an = sl_bc_jac(ya, yb, p) + assert_allclose(dbc_dya, dbc_dya_an) + assert_allclose(dbc_dyb, dbc_dyb_an) + assert_allclose(dbc_dp, dbc_dp_an) + + ya = np.array([0.5, 100]) + yb = np.array([-1000, 10.5]) + p = np.array([]) + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = estimate_bc_jac( + lambda ya, yb, p: emden_bc(ya, yb), ya, yb, p) + dbc_dya_an, dbc_dyb_an = emden_bc_jac(ya, yb) + assert_allclose(dbc_dya, dbc_dya_an) + assert_allclose(dbc_dyb, dbc_dyb_an) + assert_(dbc_dp is None) + + +def test_compute_jac_indices(): + n = 2 + m = 4 + k = 2 + i, j = compute_jac_indices(n, m, k) + s = coo_matrix((np.ones_like(i), (i, j))).toarray() + s_true = np.array([ + [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], + ]) + assert_array_equal(s, s_true) + + +def test_compute_global_jac(): + n = 2 + m = 5 + k = 1 + i_jac, j_jac = compute_jac_indices(2, 5, 1) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + h = np.diff(x) + y = np.vstack((np.sin(np.pi * x), np.pi * np.cos(np.pi * x))) + p = np.array([3.0]) + + f = sl_fun(x, y, p) + + x_middle = x[:-1] + 0.5 * h + y_middle = 0.5 * (y[:, :-1] + y[:, 1:]) - h/8 * (f[:, 1:] - f[:, :-1]) + + df_dy, df_dp = sl_fun_jac(x, y, p) + df_dy_middle, df_dp_middle = sl_fun_jac(x_middle, y_middle, p) + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = sl_bc_jac(y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + + J = construct_global_jac(n, m, k, i_jac, j_jac, h, df_dy, df_dy_middle, + df_dp, df_dp_middle, dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp) + J = J.toarray() + + def J_block(h, p): + return np.array([ + [h**2*p**2/12 - 1, -0.5*h, -h**2*p**2/12 + 1, -0.5*h], + [0.5*h*p**2, h**2*p**2/12 - 1, 0.5*h*p**2, 1 - h**2*p**2/12] + ]) + + J_true = np.zeros((m * n + k, m * n + k)) + for i in range(m - 1): + J_true[i * n: (i + 1) * n, i * n: (i + 2) * n] = J_block(h[i], p[0]) + + J_true[:(m - 1) * n:2, -1] = p * h**2/6 * (y[0, :-1] - y[0, 1:]) + J_true[1:(m - 1) * n:2, -1] = p * (h * (y[0, :-1] + y[0, 1:]) + + h**2/6 * (y[1, :-1] - y[1, 1:])) + + J_true[8, 0] = 1 + J_true[9, 8] = 1 + J_true[10, 1] = 1 + J_true[10, 10] = -1 + + assert_allclose(J, J_true, rtol=1e-10) + + df_dy, df_dp = estimate_fun_jac(sl_fun, x, y, p) + df_dy_middle, df_dp_middle = estimate_fun_jac(sl_fun, x_middle, y_middle, p) + dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp = estimate_bc_jac(sl_bc, y[:, 0], y[:, -1], p) + J = construct_global_jac(n, m, k, i_jac, j_jac, h, df_dy, df_dy_middle, + df_dp, df_dp_middle, dbc_dya, dbc_dyb, dbc_dp) + J = J.toarray() + assert_allclose(J, J_true, rtol=2e-8, atol=2e-8) + + +def test_parameter_validation(): + x = [0, 1, 0.5] + y = np.zeros((2, 3)) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_bvp, exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y) + + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + y = np.zeros((2, 4)) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_bvp, exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y) + + def fun(x, y, p): + return exp_fun(x, y) + def bc(ya, yb, p): + return exp_bc(ya, yb) + + y = np.zeros((2, x.shape[0])) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_bvp, fun, bc, x, y, p=[1]) + + def wrong_shape_fun(x, y): + return np.zeros(3) + + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_bvp, wrong_shape_fun, bc, x, y) + + S = np.array([[0, 0]]) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_bvp, exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y, S=S) + + +def test_no_params(): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + x_test = np.linspace(0, 1, 100) + y = np.zeros((2, x.shape[0])) + for fun_jac in [None, exp_fun_jac]: + for bc_jac in [None, exp_bc_jac]: + sol = solve_bvp(exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y, fun_jac=fun_jac, + bc_jac=bc_jac) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_equal(sol.x.size, 5) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], exp_sol(x_test), atol=1e-5) + + f_test = exp_fun(x_test, sol_test) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res**2, axis=0)**0.5 + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + + assert_(np.all(sol.rms_residuals < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_with_params(): + x = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 5) + x_test = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) + y = np.ones((2, x.shape[0])) + + for fun_jac in [None, sl_fun_jac]: + for bc_jac in [None, sl_bc_jac]: + sol = solve_bvp(sl_fun, sl_bc, x, y, p=[0.5], fun_jac=fun_jac, + bc_jac=bc_jac) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_(sol.x.size < 10) + + assert_allclose(sol.p, [1], rtol=1e-4) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], sl_sol(x_test, [1]), + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + + f_test = sl_fun(x_test, sol_test, [1]) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res ** 2, axis=0) ** 0.5 + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + + assert_(np.all(sol.rms_residuals < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_singular_term(): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + x_test = np.linspace(0.05, 1, 100) + y = np.empty((2, 10)) + y[0] = (3/4)**0.5 + y[1] = 1e-4 + S = np.array([[0, 0], [0, -2]]) + + for fun_jac in [None, emden_fun_jac]: + for bc_jac in [None, emden_bc_jac]: + sol = solve_bvp(emden_fun, emden_bc, x, y, S=S, fun_jac=fun_jac, + bc_jac=bc_jac) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_equal(sol.x.size, 10) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], emden_sol(x_test), atol=1e-5) + + f_test = emden_fun(x_test, sol_test) + S.dot(sol_test) / x_test + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res ** 2, axis=0) ** 0.5 + + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_complex(): + # The test is essentially the same as test_no_params, but boundary + # conditions are turned into complex. + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + x_test = np.linspace(0, 1, 100) + y = np.zeros((2, x.shape[0]), dtype=complex) + for fun_jac in [None, exp_fun_jac]: + for bc_jac in [None, exp_bc_jac]: + sol = solve_bvp(exp_fun, exp_bc_complex, x, y, fun_jac=fun_jac, + bc_jac=bc_jac) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + + assert_allclose(sol_test[0].real, exp_sol(x_test), atol=1e-5) + assert_allclose(sol_test[0].imag, exp_sol(x_test), atol=1e-5) + + f_test = exp_fun(x_test, sol_test) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(np.real(rel_res * np.conj(rel_res)), + axis=0) ** 0.5 + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + + assert_(np.all(sol.rms_residuals < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_failures(): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 2) + y = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + res = solve_bvp(exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y, tol=1e-5, max_nodes=5) + assert_equal(res.status, 1) + assert_(not res.success) + + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + y = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + res = solve_bvp(undefined_fun, undefined_bc, x, y) + assert_equal(res.status, 2) + assert_(not res.success) + + +def test_big_problem(): + n = 30 + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + y = np.zeros((2 * n, x.size)) + sol = solve_bvp(big_fun, big_bc, x, y) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x) + + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], big_sol(x, n)) + + f_test = big_fun(x, sol_test) + r = sol.sol(x, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(np.real(rel_res * np.conj(rel_res)), axis=0) ** 0.5 + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + + assert_(np.all(sol.rms_residuals < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_big_problem_with_parameters(): + n = 30 + x = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 5) + x_test = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) + y = np.ones((2 * n, x.size)) + + for fun_jac in [None, big_fun_with_parameters_jac]: + for bc_jac in [None, big_bc_with_parameters_jac]: + sol = solve_bvp(big_fun_with_parameters, big_bc_with_parameters, x, + y, p=[0.5, 0.5], fun_jac=fun_jac, bc_jac=bc_jac) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_allclose(sol.p, [1, 1], rtol=1e-4) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + + for isol in range(0, n, 4): + assert_allclose(sol_test[isol], + big_sol_with_parameters(x_test, [1, 1])[0], + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + assert_allclose(sol_test[isol + 2], + big_sol_with_parameters(x_test, [1, 1])[1], + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + + f_test = big_fun_with_parameters(x_test, sol_test, [1, 1]) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res ** 2, axis=0) ** 0.5 + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + + assert_(np.all(sol.rms_residuals < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_shock_layer(): + x = np.linspace(-1, 1, 5) + x_test = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100) + y = np.zeros((2, x.size)) + sol = solve_bvp(shock_fun, shock_bc, x, y) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_(sol.x.size < 110) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], shock_sol(x_test), rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5) + + f_test = shock_fun(x_test, sol_test) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res ** 2, axis=0) ** 0.5 + + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +def test_nonlin_bc(): + x = np.linspace(0, 0.1, 5) + x_test = x + y = np.zeros([2, x.size]) + sol = solve_bvp(nonlin_bc_fun, nonlin_bc_bc, x, y) + + assert_equal(sol.status, 0) + assert_(sol.success) + + assert_(sol.x.size < 8) + + sol_test = sol.sol(x_test) + assert_allclose(sol_test[0], nonlin_bc_sol(x_test), rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5) + + f_test = nonlin_bc_fun(x_test, sol_test) + r = sol.sol(x_test, 1) - f_test + rel_res = r / (1 + np.abs(f_test)) + norm_res = np.sum(rel_res ** 2, axis=0) ** 0.5 + + assert_(np.all(norm_res < 1e-3)) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x), sol.y, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + assert_allclose(sol.sol(sol.x, 1), sol.yp, rtol=1e-10, atol=1e-10) + + +@pytest.mark.thread_unsafe(reason="multithreaded sys.stdout parsing is not thread-safe") +def test_verbose(): + # Smoke test that checks the printing does something and does not crash + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + y = np.zeros((2, x.shape[0])) + for verbose in [0, 1, 2]: + old_stdout = sys.stdout + sys.stdout = StringIO() + try: + sol = solve_bvp(exp_fun, exp_bc, x, y, verbose=verbose) + text = sys.stdout.getvalue() + finally: + sys.stdout = old_stdout + + assert_(sol.success) + if verbose == 0: + assert_(not text, text) + if verbose >= 1: + assert_("Solved in" in text, text) + if verbose >= 2: + assert_("Max residual" in text, text) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_cubature.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_cubature.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..49b52142db12d6a26140fb8f6c804382ccbff7f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_cubature.py @@ -0,0 +1,1376 @@ +import math +import scipy +import itertools + +import pytest + +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + array_namespace, + xp_assert_close, + xp_size, + np_compat, + is_array_api_strict, + make_xp_test_case, +) +from scipy.integrate import cubature +from scipy.integrate._cubature import _InfiniteLimitsTransform +from scipy.integrate._rules import ( + Rule, FixedRule, + NestedFixedRule, + GaussLegendreQuadrature, GaussKronrodQuadrature, + GenzMalikCubature, +) + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends +boolean_index_skip_reason = 'JAX/Dask arrays do not support boolean assignment.' + +# The integrands ``genz_malik_1980_*`` come from the paper: +# A.C. Genz, A.A. Malik, Remarks on algorithm 006: An adaptive algorithm for +# numerical integration over an N-dimensional rectangular region, Journal of +# Computational and Applied Mathematics, Volume 6, Issue 4, 1980, Pages 295-302, +# ISSN 0377-0427, https://doi.org/10.1016/0771-050X(80)90039-X. + + +def basic_1d_integrand(x, n, xp): + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (-1, 1, 1)) + n_reshaped = xp.reshape(n, (1, -1, 1)) + + return x_reshaped**n_reshaped + + +def basic_1d_integrand_exact(n, xp): + # Exact only for integration over interval [0, 2]. + return xp.reshape(2**(n+1)/(n+1), (-1, 1)) + + +def basic_nd_integrand(x, n, xp): + return xp.reshape(xp.sum(x, axis=-1), (-1, 1))**xp.reshape(n, (1, -1)) + + +def basic_nd_integrand_exact(n, xp): + # Exact only for integration over interval [0, 2]. + return (-2**(3+n) + 4**(2+n))/((1+n)*(2+n)) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_1(x, r, alphas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: f_1(\mathbf x) = \cos\left(2\pi r + \sum^n_{i = 1}\alpha_i x_i\right) + + .. code-block:: mathematica + + genzMalik1980f1[x_List, r_, alphas_List] := Cos[2*Pi*r + Total[x*alphas]] + """ + + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return xp.cos(2*math.pi*r + xp.sum(alphas_reshaped * x_reshaped, axis=-1)) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact(a, b, r, alphas, xp): + ndim = xp_size(a) + a = xp.reshape(a, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + b = xp.reshape(b, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return ( + (-2)**ndim + * 1/xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + * xp.cos(2*math.pi*r + xp.sum(alphas * (a+b) * 0.5, axis=-1)) + * xp.prod(xp.sin(alphas * (a-b)/2), axis=-1) + ) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_1_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + r = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape[:-1])) + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + + difficulty = 9 + normalisation_factors = xp.sum(alphas, axis=-1)[..., None] + alphas = difficulty * alphas / normalisation_factors + + return (r, alphas) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_2(x, alphas, betas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: f_2(\mathbf x) = \prod^n_{i = 1} (\alpha_i^2 + (x_i - \beta_i)^2)^{-1} + + .. code-block:: mathematica + + genzMalik1980f2[x_List, alphas_List, betas_List] := + 1/Times @@ ((alphas^2 + (x - betas)^2)) + """ + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + betas_reshaped = betas[None, ...] + + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return 1/xp.prod(alphas_reshaped**2 + (x_reshaped-betas_reshaped)**2, axis=-1) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact(a, b, alphas, betas, xp): + ndim = xp_size(a) + a = xp.reshape(a, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + b = xp.reshape(b, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return ( + (-1)**ndim * 1/xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + * xp.prod( + xp.atan((a - betas)/alphas) - xp.atan((b - betas)/alphas), + axis=-1, + ) + ) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_2_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + ndim = shape[-1] + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + betas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + + difficulty = 25.0 + products = xp.prod(alphas**xp.asarray(-2.0), axis=-1) + normalisation_factors = (products**xp.asarray(1 / (2*ndim)))[..., None] + alphas = alphas * normalisation_factors * math.pow(difficulty, 1 / (2*ndim)) + + # Adjust alphas from distribution used in Genz and Malik 1980 since denominator + # is very small for high dimensions. + alphas *= 10 + + return alphas, betas + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_3(x, alphas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: f_3(\mathbf x) = \exp\left(\sum^n_{i = 1} \alpha_i x_i\right) + + .. code-block:: mathematica + + genzMalik1980f3[x_List, alphas_List] := Exp[Dot[x, alphas]] + """ + + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return xp.exp(xp.sum(alphas_reshaped * x_reshaped, axis=-1)) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_3_exact(a, b, alphas, xp): + ndim = xp_size(a) + a = xp.reshape(a, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + b = xp.reshape(b, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return ( + (-1)**ndim * 1/xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + * xp.prod(xp.exp(alphas * a) - xp.exp(alphas * b), axis=-1) + ) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_3_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + normalisation_factors = xp.sum(alphas, axis=-1)[..., None] + difficulty = 12.0 + alphas = difficulty * alphas / normalisation_factors + + return (alphas,) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_4(x, alphas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: f_4(\mathbf x) = \left(1 + \sum^n_{i = 1} \alpha_i x_i\right)^{-n-1} + + .. code-block:: mathematica + genzMalik1980f4[x_List, alphas_List] := + (1 + Dot[x, alphas])^(-Length[alphas] - 1) + """ + + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return (1 + xp.sum(alphas_reshaped * x_reshaped, axis=-1))**(-ndim-1) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_4_exact(a, b, alphas, xp): + ndim = xp_size(a) + + def F(x): + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return ( + (-1)**ndim/xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + / math.factorial(ndim) + / (1 + xp.sum(alphas * x_reshaped, axis=-1)) + ) + + return _eval_indefinite_integral(F, a, b, xp) + + +def _eval_indefinite_integral(F, a, b, xp): + """ + Calculates a definite integral from points `a` to `b` by summing up over the corners + of the corresponding hyperrectangle. + """ + + ndim = xp_size(a) + points = xp.stack([a, b], axis=0) + + out = 0 + for ind in itertools.product(range(2), repeat=ndim): + selected_points = xp.asarray( + [float(points[i, j]) for i, j in zip(ind, range(ndim))] + ) + out += pow(-1, sum(ind) + ndim) * F(selected_points) + + return out + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_4_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + ndim = shape[-1] + + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + normalisation_factors = xp.sum(alphas, axis=-1)[..., None] + difficulty = 14.0 + alphas = (difficulty / ndim) * alphas / normalisation_factors + + return (alphas,) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_5(x, alphas, betas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: + + f_5(\mathbf x) = \exp\left(-\sum^n_{i = 1} \alpha^2_i (x_i - \beta_i)^2\right) + + .. code-block:: mathematica + + genzMalik1980f5[x_List, alphas_List, betas_List] := + Exp[-Total[alphas^2 * (x - betas)^2]] + """ + + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + betas_reshaped = betas[None, ...] + + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return xp.exp( + -xp.sum(alphas_reshaped**2 * (x_reshaped - betas_reshaped)**2, axis=-1) + ) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact(a, b, alphas, betas, xp): + ndim = xp_size(a) + a = xp.reshape(a, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + b = xp.reshape(b, (*([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return ( + (1/2)**ndim + * 1/xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + * (math.pi**(ndim/2)) + * xp.prod( + scipy.special.erf(alphas * (betas - a)) + + scipy.special.erf(alphas * (b - betas)), + axis=-1, + ) + ) + + +def genz_malik_1980_f_5_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + betas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + + difficulty = 21.0 + normalisation_factors = xp.sqrt(xp.sum(alphas**xp.asarray(2.0), axis=-1))[..., None] + alphas = alphas / normalisation_factors * math.sqrt(difficulty) + + return alphas, betas + + +def f_gaussian(x, alphas, xp): + r""" + .. math:: + + f(\mathbf x) = \exp\left(-\sum^n_{i = 1} (\alpha_i x_i)^2 \right) + """ + npoints, ndim = x.shape[0], x.shape[-1] + alphas_reshaped = alphas[None, ...] + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (npoints, *([1]*(len(alphas.shape) - 1)), ndim)) + + return xp.exp(-xp.sum((alphas_reshaped * x_reshaped)**2, axis=-1)) + + +def f_gaussian_exact(a, b, alphas, xp): + # Exact only when `a` and `b` are one of: + # (-oo, oo), or + # (0, oo), or + # (-oo, 0) + # `alphas` can be arbitrary. + + ndim = xp_size(a) + double_infinite_count = 0 + semi_infinite_count = 0 + + for i in range(ndim): + if xp.isinf(a[i]) and xp.isinf(b[i]): # doubly-infinite + double_infinite_count += 1 + elif xp.isinf(a[i]) != xp.isinf(b[i]): # exclusive or, so semi-infinite + semi_infinite_count += 1 + + return (math.sqrt(math.pi) ** ndim) / ( + 2**semi_infinite_count * xp.prod(alphas, axis=-1) + ) + + +def f_gaussian_random_args(rng, shape, xp): + alphas = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + + # If alphas are very close to 0 this makes the problem very difficult due to large + # values of ``f``. + alphas *= 100 + + return (alphas,) + + +def f_modified_gaussian(x_arr, n, xp): + r""" + .. math:: + + f(x, y, z, w) = x^n \sqrt{y} \exp(-y-z^2-w^2) + """ + x, y, z, w = x_arr[:, 0], x_arr[:, 1], x_arr[:, 2], x_arr[:, 3] + res = (x ** n[:, None]) * xp.sqrt(y) * xp.exp(-y-z**2-w**2) + + return res.T + + +def f_modified_gaussian_exact(a, b, n, xp): + # Exact only for the limits + # a = (0, 0, -oo, -oo) + # b = (1, oo, oo, oo) + # but defined here as a function to match the format of the other integrands. + return 1/(2 + 2*n) * math.pi ** (3/2) + + +def f_with_problematic_points(x_arr, points, xp): + """ + This emulates a function with a list of singularities given by `points`. + + If no `x_arr` are one of the `points`, then this function returns 1. + """ + + for point in points: + if xp.any(x_arr == point): + raise ValueError("called with a problematic point") + + return xp.ones(x_arr.shape[0]) + + +@make_xp_test_case(cubature) +class TestCubature: + """ + Tests related to the interface of `cubature`. + """ + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("rule_str", [ + "gauss-kronrod", + "genz-malik", + "gk21", + "gk15", + ]) + def test_pass_str(self, rule_str, xp): + n = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + a = xp.asarray([0, 0], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([2, 2], dtype=xp.float64) + + res = cubature(basic_nd_integrand, a, b, rule=rule_str, args=(n, xp)) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + basic_nd_integrand_exact(n, xp), + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + def test_pass_array_like_not_array(self): + n = np_compat.arange(5, dtype=np_compat.float64) + a = [0] + b = [2] + + res = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + a, + b, + args=(n, np_compat) + ) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + basic_1d_integrand_exact(n, np_compat), + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + def test_stops_after_max_subdivisions(self, xp): + a = xp.asarray([0]) + b = xp.asarray([1]) + rule = BadErrorRule() + + res = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, # Any function would suffice + a, + b, + rule=rule, + max_subdivisions=10, + args=(xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64), xp), + ) + + assert res.subdivisions == 10 + assert res.status == "not_converged" + + def test_a_and_b_must_be_1d(self, xp): + a = xp.asarray([[0]], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([[1]], dtype=xp.float64) + + with pytest.raises(Exception, match="`a` and `b` must be 1D arrays"): + cubature(basic_1d_integrand, a, b, args=(xp,)) + + def test_a_and_b_must_be_nonempty(self, xp): + a = xp.asarray([]) + b = xp.asarray([]) + + with pytest.raises(Exception, match="`a` and `b` must be nonempty"): + cubature(basic_1d_integrand, a, b, args=(xp,)) + + def test_zero_width_limits(self, xp): + n = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + + a = xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64) + + res = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + a, + b, + args=(n, xp), + ) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + xp.asarray([[0], [0], [0], [0], [0]], dtype=xp.float64), + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + def test_limits_other_way_around(self, xp): + n = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + + a = xp.asarray([2], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64) + + res = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + a, + b, + args=(n, xp), + ) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + -basic_1d_integrand_exact(n, xp), + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + def test_result_dtype_promoted_correctly(self, xp): + result_dtype = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64), + xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float64), + points=[], + args=(xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float64), xp), + ).estimate.dtype + + assert result_dtype == xp.float64 + + result_dtype = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float32), + xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float32), + points=[], + args=(xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float32), xp), + ).estimate.dtype + + assert result_dtype == xp.float32 + + result_dtype = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float32), + xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float64), + points=[], + args=(xp.asarray([1], dtype=xp.float32), xp), + ).estimate.dtype + + assert result_dtype == xp.float64 + + +@make_xp_test_case(cubature) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("rtol", [1e-4]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("atol", [1e-5]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("rule", [ + "gk15", + "gk21", + "genz-malik", +]) +class TestCubatureProblems: + """ + Tests that `cubature` gives the correct answer. + """ + + @skip_xp_backends("dask.array", + reason="Dask hangs/takes a long time for some test cases") + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + # -- f1 -- + ( + # Function to integrate, like `f(x, *args)` + genz_malik_1980_f_1, + + # Exact solution, like `exact(a, b, *args)` + genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact, + + # Coordinates of `a` + [0], + + # Coordinates of `b` + [10], + + # Arguments to pass to `f` and `exact` + ( + 1/4, + [5], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_1, + genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact, + [0, 0], + [1, 1], + ( + 1/4, + [2, 4], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_1, + genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact, + [0, 0], + [5, 5], + ( + 1/2, + [2, 4], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_1, + genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact, + [0, 0, 0], + [5, 5, 5], + ( + 1/2, + [1, 1, 1], + ) + ), + + # -- f2 -- + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + [-1], + [1], + ( + [5], + [4], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + + [0, 0], + [10, 50], + ( + [-3, 3], + [-2, 2], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + ( + [1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 1], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + ( + [2, 3, 4], + [2, 3, 4], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + [-1, -1, -1], + [1, 1, 1], + ( + [1, 1, 1], + [2, 2, 2], + ) + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + [-1, -1, -1, -1], + [1, 1, 1, 1], + ( + [1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 1, 1], + ) + ), + + # -- f3 -- + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_3, + genz_malik_1980_f_3_exact, + [-1], + [1], + ( + [1/2], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_3, + genz_malik_1980_f_3_exact, + [0, -1], + [1, 1], + ( + [5, 5], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_3, + genz_malik_1980_f_3_exact, + [-1, -1, -1], + [1, 1, 1], + ( + [1, 1, 1], + ), + ), + + # -- f4 -- + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_4, + genz_malik_1980_f_4_exact, + [0], + [2], + ( + [1], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_4, + genz_malik_1980_f_4_exact, + [0, 0], + [2, 1], + ([1, 1],), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_4, + genz_malik_1980_f_4_exact, + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + ([1, 1, 1],), + ), + + # -- f5 -- + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_5, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact, + [-1], + [1], + ( + [-2], + [2], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_5, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact, + [-1, -1], + [1, 1], + ( + [2, 3], + [4, 5], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_5, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact, + [-1, -1], + [1, 1], + ( + [-1, 1], + [0, 0], + ), + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_5, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact, + [-1, -1, -1], + [1, 1, 1], + ( + [1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 1], + ), + ), + ]) + def test_scalar_output(self, problem, rule, rtol, atol, xp): + f, exact, a, b, args = problem + + a = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + args = tuple(xp.asarray(arg, dtype=xp.float64) for arg in args) + + ndim = xp_size(a) + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim < 2: + pytest.skip("Genz-Malik cubature does not support 1D integrals") + + res = cubature( + f, + a, + b, + rule=rule, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + args=(*args, xp), + ) + + assert res.status == "converged" + + est = res.estimate + exact_sol = exact(a, b, *args, xp) + + xp_assert_close( + est, + exact_sol, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + err_msg=f"estimate_error={res.error}, subdivisions={res.subdivisions}", + ) + + @skip_xp_backends("dask.array", + reason="Dask hangs/takes a long time for some test cases") + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + ( + # Function to integrate, like `f(x, *args)` + genz_malik_1980_f_1, + + # Exact solution, like `exact(a, b, *args)` + genz_malik_1980_f_1_exact, + + # Function that generates random args of a certain shape. + genz_malik_1980_f_1_random_args, + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_2, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_exact, + genz_malik_1980_f_2_random_args, + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_3, + genz_malik_1980_f_3_exact, + genz_malik_1980_f_3_random_args + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_4, + genz_malik_1980_f_4_exact, + genz_malik_1980_f_4_random_args + ), + ( + genz_malik_1980_f_5, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_exact, + genz_malik_1980_f_5_random_args, + ), + ]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("shape", [ + (2,), + (3,), + (4,), + (1, 2), + (1, 3), + (1, 4), + (3, 2), + (3, 4, 2), + (2, 1, 3), + ]) + def test_array_output(self, problem, rule, shape, rtol, atol, xp): + rng = np_compat.random.default_rng(1) + ndim = shape[-1] + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim < 2: + pytest.skip("Genz-Malik cubature does not support 1D integrals") + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim >= 5: + pytest.mark.slow("Gauss-Kronrod is slow in >= 5 dim") + + f, exact, random_args = problem + args = random_args(rng, shape, xp) + + a = xp.asarray([0] * ndim, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([1] * ndim, dtype=xp.float64) + + res = cubature( + f, + a, + b, + rule=rule, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + args=(*args, xp), + ) + + est = res.estimate + exact_sol = exact(a, b, *args, xp) + + xp_assert_close( + est, + exact_sol, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + err_msg=f"estimate_error={res.error}, subdivisions={res.subdivisions}", + ) + + err_msg = (f"estimate_error={res.error}, " + f"subdivisions= {res.subdivisions}, " + f"true_error={xp.abs(res.estimate - exact_sol)}") + assert res.status == "converged", err_msg + + assert res.estimate.shape == shape[:-1] + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + ( + # Function to integrate + lambda x, xp: x, + + # Exact value + [50.0], + + # Coordinates of `a` + [0], + + # Coordinates of `b` + [10], + + # Points by which to split up the initial region + None, + ), + ( + lambda x, xp: xp.sin(x)/x, + [2.551496047169878], # si(1) + si(2), + [-1], + [2], + [ + [0.0], + ], + ), + ( + lambda x, xp: xp.ones((x.shape[0], 1)), + [1.0], + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + [ + [0.5, 0.5, 0.5], + ], + ), + ( + lambda x, xp: xp.ones((x.shape[0], 1)), + [1.0], + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + [ + [0.25, 0.25, 0.25], + [0.5, 0.5, 0.5], + ], + ), + ( + lambda x, xp: xp.ones((x.shape[0], 1)), + [1.0], + [0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1], + [ + [0.1, 0.25, 0.5], + [0.25, 0.25, 0.25], + [0.5, 0.5, 0.5], + ], + ) + ]) + def test_break_points(self, problem, rule, rtol, atol, xp): + f, exact, a, b, points = problem + + a = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + exact = xp.asarray(exact, dtype=xp.float64) + + if points is not None: + points = [xp.asarray(point, dtype=xp.float64) for point in points] + + ndim = xp_size(a) + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim < 2: + pytest.skip("Genz-Malik cubature does not support 1D integrals") + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim >= 5: + pytest.mark.slow("Gauss-Kronrod is slow in >= 5 dim") + + res = cubature( + f, + a, + b, + rule=rule, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + points=points, + args=(xp,), + ) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + exact, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + err_msg=f"estimate_error={res.error}, subdivisions={res.subdivisions}", + check_dtype=False, + ) + + err_msg = (f"estimate_error={res.error}, " + f"subdivisions= {res.subdivisions}, " + f"true_error={xp.abs(res.estimate - exact)}") + assert res.status == "converged", err_msg + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('jax.numpy', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('dask.array', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + ( + # Function to integrate + f_gaussian, + + # Exact solution + f_gaussian_exact, + + # Arguments passed to f + f_gaussian_random_args, + (1, 1), + + # Limits, have to match the shape of the arguments + [-math.inf], # a + [math.inf], # b + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (2, 2), + [-math.inf, -math.inf], + [math.inf, math.inf], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (1, 1), + [0], + [math.inf], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (1, 1), + [-math.inf], + [0], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (2, 2), + [0, 0], + [math.inf, math.inf], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (2, 2), + [0, -math.inf], + [math.inf, math.inf], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (1, 4), + [0, 0, -math.inf, -math.inf], + [math.inf, math.inf, math.inf, math.inf], + ), + ( + f_gaussian, + f_gaussian_exact, + f_gaussian_random_args, + (1, 4), + [-math.inf, -math.inf, -math.inf, -math.inf], + [0, 0, math.inf, math.inf], + ), + ( + lambda x, xp: 1/xp.prod(x, axis=-1)**2, + + # Exact only for the below limits, not for general `a` and `b`. + lambda a, b, xp: xp.asarray(1/6, dtype=xp.float64), + + # Arguments + lambda rng, shape, xp: tuple(), + tuple(), + + [1, -math.inf, 3], + [math.inf, -2, math.inf], + ), + + # This particular problem can be slow + pytest.param( + ( + # f(x, y, z, w) = x^n * sqrt(y) * exp(-y-z**2-w**2) for n in [0,1,2,3] + f_modified_gaussian, + + # This exact solution is for the below limits, not in general + f_modified_gaussian_exact, + + # Constant arguments + lambda rng, shape, xp: (xp.asarray([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=xp.float64),), + tuple(), + + [0, 0, -math.inf, -math.inf], + [1, math.inf, math.inf, math.inf] + ), + + marks=pytest.mark.xslow, + ), + ]) + def test_infinite_limits(self, problem, rule, rtol, atol, xp): + rng = np_compat.random.default_rng(1) + f, exact, random_args_func, random_args_shape, a, b = problem + + a = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + args = random_args_func(rng, random_args_shape, xp) + + ndim = xp_size(a) + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim < 2: + pytest.skip("Genz-Malik cubature does not support 1D integrals") + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim >= 4: + pytest.mark.slow("Genz-Malik is slow in >= 5 dim") + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim >= 4 and is_array_api_strict(xp): + pytest.mark.xslow("Genz-Malik very slow for array_api_strict in >= 4 dim") + + res = cubature( + f, + a, + b, + rule=rule, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + args=(*args, xp), + ) + + assert res.status == "converged" + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + exact(a, b, *args, xp), + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + err_msg=f"error_estimate={res.error}, subdivisions={res.subdivisions}", + check_0d=False, + ) + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('jax.numpy', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('dask.array', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + ( + # Function to integrate + lambda x, xp: (xp.sin(x) / x)**8, + + # Exact value + [151/315 * math.pi], + + # Limits + [-math.inf], + [math.inf], + + # Breakpoints + [[0]], + + ), + ( + # Function to integrate + lambda x, xp: (xp.sin(x[:, 0]) / x[:, 0])**8, + + # Exact value + 151/315 * math.pi, + + # Limits + [-math.inf, 0], + [math.inf, 1], + + # Breakpoints + [[0, 0.5]], + + ) + ]) + def test_infinite_limits_and_break_points(self, problem, rule, rtol, atol, xp): + f, exact, a, b, points = problem + + a = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + exact = xp.asarray(exact, dtype=xp.float64) + + ndim = xp_size(a) + + if rule == "genz-malik" and ndim < 2: + pytest.skip("Genz-Malik cubature does not support 1D integrals") + + if points is not None: + points = [xp.asarray(point, dtype=xp.float64) for point in points] + + res = cubature( + f, + a, + b, + rule=rule, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + points=points, + args=(xp,), + ) + + assert res.status == "converged" + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + exact, + rtol=rtol, + atol=atol, + err_msg=f"error_estimate={res.error}, subdivisions={res.subdivisions}", + check_0d=False, + ) + + +class TestRules: + """ + Tests related to the general Rule interface (currently private). + """ + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("problem", [ + ( + # 2D problem, 1D rule + [0, 0], + [1, 1], + GaussKronrodQuadrature, + (21,), + ), + ( + # 1D problem, 2D rule + [0], + [1], + GenzMalikCubature, + (2,), + ) + ]) + def test_incompatible_dimension_raises_error(self, problem, xp): + a, b, quadrature, quadrature_args = problem + rule = quadrature(*quadrature_args, xp=xp) + + a = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + + with pytest.raises(Exception, match="incompatible dimension"): + rule.estimate(basic_1d_integrand, a, b, args=(xp,)) + + def test_estimate_with_base_classes_raise_error(self, xp): + a = xp.asarray([0]) + b = xp.asarray([1]) + + for base_class in [Rule(), FixedRule()]: + with pytest.raises(Exception): + base_class.estimate(basic_1d_integrand, a, b, args=(xp,)) + + +class TestRulesQuadrature: + """ + Tests underlying quadrature rules (ndim == 1). + """ + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("rule", "rule_args"), [ + (GaussLegendreQuadrature, (3,)), + (GaussLegendreQuadrature, (5,)), + (GaussLegendreQuadrature, (10,)), + (GaussKronrodQuadrature, (15,)), + (GaussKronrodQuadrature, (21,)), + ]) + def test_base_1d_quadratures_simple(self, rule, rule_args, xp): + quadrature = rule(*rule_args, xp=xp) + + n = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + + def f(x): + x_reshaped = xp.reshape(x, (-1, 1, 1)) + n_reshaped = xp.reshape(n, (1, -1, 1)) + + return x_reshaped**n_reshaped + + a = xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([2], dtype=xp.float64) + + exact = xp.reshape(2**(n+1)/(n+1), (-1, 1)) + estimate = quadrature.estimate(f, a, b) + + xp_assert_close( + estimate, + exact, + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("rule_pair", "rule_pair_args"), [ + ((GaussLegendreQuadrature, GaussLegendreQuadrature), (10, 5)), + ]) + def test_base_1d_quadratures_error_from_difference(self, rule_pair, rule_pair_args, + xp): + n = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + a = xp.asarray([0], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([2], dtype=xp.float64) + + higher = rule_pair[0](rule_pair_args[0], xp=xp) + lower = rule_pair[1](rule_pair_args[1], xp=xp) + + rule = NestedFixedRule(higher, lower) + res = cubature( + basic_1d_integrand, + a, b, + rule=rule, + rtol=1e-8, + args=(n, xp), + ) + + xp_assert_close( + res.estimate, + basic_1d_integrand_exact(n, xp), + rtol=1e-8, + atol=0, + ) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("quadrature", [ + GaussLegendreQuadrature + ]) + def test_one_point_fixed_quad_impossible(self, quadrature, xp): + with pytest.raises(Exception): + quadrature(1, xp=xp) + + +class TestRulesCubature: + """ + Tests underlying cubature rules (ndim >= 2). + """ + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("ndim", range(2, 11)) + def test_genz_malik_func_evaluations(self, ndim, xp): + """ + Tests that the number of function evaluations required for Genz-Malik cubature + matches the number in Genz and Malik 1980. + """ + + nodes, _ = GenzMalikCubature(ndim, xp=xp).nodes_and_weights + + assert nodes.shape[0] == (2**ndim) + 2*ndim**2 + 2*ndim + 1 + + def test_genz_malik_1d_raises_error(self, xp): + with pytest.raises(Exception, match="only defined for ndim >= 2"): + GenzMalikCubature(1, xp=xp) + + +@pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('jax.numpy', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) +@pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('dask.array', reason=boolean_index_skip_reason) +class TestTransformations: + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("a", "b", "points"), [ + ( + [0, 1, -math.inf], + [1, math.inf, math.inf], + [ + [1, 1, 1], + [0.5, 10, 10], + ] + ) + ]) + def test_infinite_limits_maintains_points(self, a, b, points, xp): + """ + Test that break points are correctly mapped under the _InfiniteLimitsTransform + transformation. + """ + + points = [xp.asarray(p, dtype=xp.float64) for p in points] + + f_transformed = _InfiniteLimitsTransform( + # Bind `points` and `xp` argument in f + lambda x: f_with_problematic_points(x, points, xp), + xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64), + xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64), + xp=xp, + ) + + for point in points: + transformed_point = f_transformed.inv(xp.reshape(point, (1, -1))) + + with pytest.raises(Exception, match="called with a problematic point"): + f_transformed(transformed_point) + + +class BadErrorRule(Rule): + """ + A rule with fake high error so that cubature will keep on subdividing. + """ + + def estimate(self, f, a, b, args=()): + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + underlying = GaussLegendreQuadrature(10, xp=xp) + + return underlying.estimate(f, a, b, args) + + def estimate_error(self, f, a, b, args=()): + xp = array_namespace(a, b) + return xp.asarray(1e6, dtype=xp.float64) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_integrate.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_integrate.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..608e8bf592d5f5e1aced509d0b51c739b954d8a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_integrate.py @@ -0,0 +1,844 @@ +# Authors: Nils Wagner, Ed Schofield, Pauli Virtanen, John Travers +""" +Tests for numerical integration. +""" +import numpy as np +from numpy import (arange, zeros, array, dot, sqrt, cos, sin, eye, pi, exp, + allclose) + +from numpy.testing import ( + assert_, assert_array_almost_equal, + assert_allclose, assert_array_equal, assert_equal) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +from scipy.integrate import odeint, ode, complex_ode + +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Test ODE integrators +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +class TestOdeint: + # Check integrate.odeint + + def _do_problem(self, problem): + t = arange(0.0, problem.stop_t, 0.05) + + # Basic case + z, infodict = odeint(problem.f, problem.z0, t, full_output=True) + assert_(problem.verify(z, t)) + + # Use tfirst=True + z, infodict = odeint(lambda t, y: problem.f(y, t), problem.z0, t, + full_output=True, tfirst=True) + assert_(problem.verify(z, t)) + + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + # Use Dfun + z, infodict = odeint(problem.f, problem.z0, t, Dfun=problem.jac, + full_output=True) + assert_(problem.verify(z, t)) + + # Use Dfun and tfirst=True + z, infodict = odeint(lambda t, y: problem.f(y, t), problem.z0, t, + Dfun=lambda t, y: problem.jac(y, t), + full_output=True, tfirst=True) + assert_(problem.verify(z, t)) + + def test_odeint(self): + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.cmplx: + continue + self._do_problem(problem) + + +class TestODEClass: + + ode_class = None # Set in subclass. + + def _do_problem(self, problem, integrator, method='adams'): + + # ode has callback arguments in different order than odeint + def f(t, z): + return problem.f(z, t) + jac = None + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + def jac(t, z): + return problem.jac(z, t) + + integrator_params = {} + if problem.lband is not None or problem.uband is not None: + integrator_params['uband'] = problem.uband + integrator_params['lband'] = problem.lband + + ig = self.ode_class(f, jac) + ig.set_integrator(integrator, + atol=problem.atol/10, + rtol=problem.rtol/10, + method=method, + **integrator_params) + + ig.set_initial_value(problem.z0, t=0.0) + z = ig.integrate(problem.stop_t) + + assert_array_equal(z, ig.y) + assert_(ig.successful(), (problem, method)) + assert_(ig.get_return_code() > 0, (problem, method)) + assert_(problem.verify(array([z]), problem.stop_t), (problem, method)) + + +class TestOde(TestODEClass): + + ode_class = ode + + def test_vode(self): + # Check the vode solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.cmplx: + continue + if not problem.stiff: + self._do_problem(problem, 'vode', 'adams') + self._do_problem(problem, 'vode', 'bdf') + + def test_zvode(self): + # Check the zvode solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if not problem.stiff: + self._do_problem(problem, 'zvode', 'adams') + self._do_problem(problem, 'zvode', 'bdf') + + def test_lsoda(self): + # Check the lsoda solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.cmplx: + continue + self._do_problem(problem, 'lsoda') + + def test_dopri5(self): + # Check the dopri5 solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.cmplx: + continue + if problem.stiff: + continue + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + continue + self._do_problem(problem, 'dopri5') + + def test_dop853(self): + # Check the dop853 solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.cmplx: + continue + if problem.stiff: + continue + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + continue + self._do_problem(problem, 'dop853') + + def test_concurrent_fail(self): + # Test concurrent usage behavior for different solvers + # All solvers (vode, zvode, lsoda) now support concurrent usage + # with state persistence via explicit state parameters + for sol in ('vode', 'zvode', 'lsoda'): + def f(t, y): + return 1.0 + + r = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r2 = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r2.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + r2.integrate(r2.t + 0.1) + + # With state persistence, r should still work correctly + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + assert r.successful() + + def test_concurrent_ok(self, num_parallel_threads): + def f(t, y): + return 1.0 + + for k in range(3): + for sol in ('vode', 'zvode', 'lsoda', 'dopri5', 'dop853'): + if sol in {'vode', 'zvode', 'lsoda'} and num_parallel_threads > 1: + continue + r = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r2 = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r2.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + r2.integrate(r2.t + 0.1) + r2.integrate(r2.t + 0.1) + + assert_allclose(r.y, 0.1) + assert_allclose(r2.y, 0.2) + + for sol in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + r = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r2 = ode(f).set_integrator(sol) + r2.set_initial_value(0, 0) + + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + r2.integrate(r2.t + 0.1) + r.integrate(r.t + 0.1) + r2.integrate(r2.t + 0.1) + + assert_allclose(r.y, 0.3) + assert_allclose(r2.y, 0.2) + + +class TestComplexOde(TestODEClass): + + ode_class = complex_ode + + def test_vode(self): + # Check the vode solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if not problem.stiff: + self._do_problem(problem, 'vode', 'adams') + else: + self._do_problem(problem, 'vode', 'bdf') + + def test_lsoda(self): + + # Check the lsoda solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + self._do_problem(problem, 'lsoda') + + def test_dopri5(self): + # Check the dopri5 solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.stiff: + continue + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + continue + self._do_problem(problem, 'dopri5') + + def test_dop853(self): + # Check the dop853 solver + for problem_cls in PROBLEMS: + problem = problem_cls() + if problem.stiff: + continue + if hasattr(problem, 'jac'): + continue + self._do_problem(problem, 'dop853') + + +class TestSolout: + # Check integrate.ode correctly handles solout for dopri5 and dop853 + def _run_solout_test(self, integrator): + # Check correct usage of solout + ts = [] + ys = [] + t0 = 0.0 + tend = 10.0 + y0 = [1.0, 2.0] + + def solout(t, y): + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y.copy()) + + def rhs(t, y): + return [y[0] + y[1], -y[1]**2] + + ig = ode(rhs).set_integrator(integrator) + ig.set_solout(solout) + ig.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + ret = ig.integrate(tend) + assert_array_equal(ys[0], y0) + assert_array_equal(ys[-1], ret) + assert_equal(ts[0], t0) + assert_equal(ts[-1], tend) + + def test_solout(self): + for integrator in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + self._run_solout_test(integrator) + + def _run_solout_after_initial_test(self, integrator): + # Check if solout works even if it is set after the initial value. + ts = [] + ys = [] + t0 = 0.0 + tend = 10.0 + y0 = [1.0, 2.0] + + def solout(t, y): + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y.copy()) + + def rhs(t, y): + return [y[0] + y[1], -y[1]**2] + + ig = ode(rhs).set_integrator(integrator) + ig.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + ig.set_solout(solout) + ret = ig.integrate(tend) + assert_array_equal(ys[0], y0) + assert_array_equal(ys[-1], ret) + assert_equal(ts[0], t0) + assert_equal(ts[-1], tend) + + def test_solout_after_initial(self): + for integrator in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + self._run_solout_after_initial_test(integrator) + + def _run_solout_break_test(self, integrator): + # Check correct usage of stopping via solout + ts = [] + ys = [] + t0 = 0.0 + tend = 10.0 + y0 = [1.0, 2.0] + + def solout(t, y): + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y.copy()) + if t > tend/2.0: + return -1 + + def rhs(t, y): + return [y[0] + y[1], -y[1]**2] + + ig = ode(rhs).set_integrator(integrator) + ig.set_solout(solout) + ig.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + ret = ig.integrate(tend) + assert_array_equal(ys[0], y0) + assert_array_equal(ys[-1], ret) + assert_equal(ts[0], t0) + assert_(ts[-1] > tend/2.0) + assert_(ts[-1] < tend) + + def test_solout_break(self): + for integrator in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + self._run_solout_break_test(integrator) + + +class TestComplexSolout: + # Check integrate.ode correctly handles solout for dopri5 and dop853 + def _run_solout_test(self, integrator): + # Check correct usage of solout + ts = [] + ys = [] + t0 = 0.0 + tend = 20.0 + y0 = [0.0] + + def solout(t, y): + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y.copy()) + + def rhs(t, y): + return [1.0/(t - 10.0 - 1j)] + + ig = complex_ode(rhs).set_integrator(integrator) + ig.set_solout(solout) + ig.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + ret = ig.integrate(tend) + assert_array_equal(ys[0], y0) + assert_array_equal(ys[-1], ret) + assert_equal(ts[0], t0) + assert_equal(ts[-1], tend) + + def test_solout(self): + for integrator in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + self._run_solout_test(integrator) + + def _run_solout_break_test(self, integrator): + # Check correct usage of stopping via solout + ts = [] + ys = [] + t0 = 0.0 + tend = 20.0 + y0 = [0.0] + + def solout(t, y): + ts.append(t) + ys.append(y.copy()) + if t > tend/2.0: + return -1 + + def rhs(t, y): + return [1.0/(t - 10.0 - 1j)] + + ig = complex_ode(rhs).set_integrator(integrator) + ig.set_solout(solout) + ig.set_initial_value(y0, t0) + ret = ig.integrate(tend) + assert_array_equal(ys[0], y0) + assert_array_equal(ys[-1], ret) + assert_equal(ts[0], t0) + assert_(ts[-1] > tend/2.0) + assert_(ts[-1] < tend) + + def test_solout_break(self): + for integrator in ('dopri5', 'dop853'): + self._run_solout_break_test(integrator) + + +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Test problems +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +class ODE: + """ + ODE problem + """ + stiff = False + cmplx = False + stop_t = 1 + z0 = [] + + lband = None + uband = None + + atol = 1e-6 + rtol = 1e-5 + + +class SimpleOscillator(ODE): + r""" + Free vibration of a simple oscillator:: + m \ddot{u} + k u = 0, u(0) = u_0 \dot{u}(0) \dot{u}_0 + Solution:: + u(t) = u_0*cos(sqrt(k/m)*t)+\dot{u}_0*sin(sqrt(k/m)*t)/sqrt(k/m) + """ + stop_t = 1 + 0.09 + z0 = array([1.0, 0.1], float) + + k = 4.0 + m = 1.0 + + def f(self, z, t): + tmp = zeros((2, 2), float) + tmp[0, 1] = 1.0 + tmp[1, 0] = -self.k / self.m + return dot(tmp, z) + + def verify(self, zs, t): + omega = sqrt(self.k / self.m) + u = self.z0[0]*cos(omega*t) + self.z0[1]*sin(omega*t)/omega + return allclose(u, zs[:, 0], atol=self.atol, rtol=self.rtol) + + +class ComplexExp(ODE): + r"""The equation :lm:`\dot u = i u`""" + stop_t = 1.23*pi + z0 = exp([1j, 2j, 3j, 4j, 5j]) + cmplx = True + + def f(self, z, t): + return 1j*z + + def jac(self, z, t): + return 1j*eye(5) + + def verify(self, zs, t): + u = self.z0 * exp(1j*t) + return allclose(u, zs, atol=self.atol, rtol=self.rtol) + + +class Pi(ODE): + r"""Integrate 1/(t + 1j) from t=-10 to t=10""" + stop_t = 20 + z0 = [0] + cmplx = True + + def f(self, z, t): + return array([1./(t - 10 + 1j)]) + + def verify(self, zs, t): + u = -2j * np.arctan(10) + return allclose(u, zs[-1, :], atol=self.atol, rtol=self.rtol) + + +class CoupledDecay(ODE): + r""" + 3 coupled decays suited for banded treatment + (banded mode makes it necessary when N>>3) + """ + + stiff = True + stop_t = 0.5 + z0 = [5.0, 7.0, 13.0] + lband = 1 + uband = 0 + + lmbd = [0.17, 0.23, 0.29] # fictitious decay constants + + def f(self, z, t): + lmbd = self.lmbd + return np.array([-lmbd[0]*z[0], + -lmbd[1]*z[1] + lmbd[0]*z[0], + -lmbd[2]*z[2] + lmbd[1]*z[1]]) + + def jac(self, z, t): + # The full Jacobian is + # + # [-lmbd[0] 0 0 ] + # [ lmbd[0] -lmbd[1] 0 ] + # [ 0 lmbd[1] -lmbd[2]] + # + # The lower and upper bandwidths are lband=1 and uband=0, resp. + # The representation of this array in packed format is + # + # [-lmbd[0] -lmbd[1] -lmbd[2]] + # [ lmbd[0] lmbd[1] 0 ] + + lmbd = self.lmbd + j = np.zeros((self.lband + self.uband + 1, 3), order='F') + + def set_j(ri, ci, val): + j[self.uband + ri - ci, ci] = val + set_j(0, 0, -lmbd[0]) + set_j(1, 0, lmbd[0]) + set_j(1, 1, -lmbd[1]) + set_j(2, 1, lmbd[1]) + set_j(2, 2, -lmbd[2]) + return j + + def verify(self, zs, t): + # Formulae derived by hand + lmbd = np.array(self.lmbd) + d10 = lmbd[1] - lmbd[0] + d21 = lmbd[2] - lmbd[1] + d20 = lmbd[2] - lmbd[0] + e0 = np.exp(-lmbd[0] * t) + e1 = np.exp(-lmbd[1] * t) + e2 = np.exp(-lmbd[2] * t) + u = np.vstack(( + self.z0[0] * e0, + self.z0[1] * e1 + self.z0[0] * lmbd[0] / d10 * (e0 - e1), + self.z0[2] * e2 + self.z0[1] * lmbd[1] / d21 * (e1 - e2) + + lmbd[1] * lmbd[0] * self.z0[0] / d10 * + (1 / d20 * (e0 - e2) - 1 / d21 * (e1 - e2)))).transpose() + return allclose(u, zs, atol=self.atol, rtol=self.rtol) + + +PROBLEMS = [SimpleOscillator, ComplexExp, Pi, CoupledDecay] + +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +def f(t, x): + dxdt = [x[1], -x[0]] + return dxdt + + +def jac(t, x): + j = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [-1.0, 0.0]]) + return j + + +def f1(t, x, omega): + dxdt = [omega*x[1], -omega*x[0]] + return dxdt + + +def jac1(t, x, omega): + j = array([[0.0, omega], + [-omega, 0.0]]) + return j + + +def f2(t, x, omega1, omega2): + dxdt = [omega1*x[1], -omega2*x[0]] + return dxdt + + +def jac2(t, x, omega1, omega2): + j = array([[0.0, omega1], + [-omega2, 0.0]]) + return j + + +def fv(t, x, omega): + dxdt = [omega[0]*x[1], -omega[1]*x[0]] + return dxdt + + +def jacv(t, x, omega): + j = array([[0.0, omega[0]], + [-omega[1], 0.0]]) + return j + + +class ODECheckParameterUse: + """Call an ode-class solver with several cases of parameter use.""" + + # solver_name must be set before tests can be run with this class. + + # Set these in subclasses. + solver_name = '' + solver_uses_jac = False + + def _get_solver(self, f, jac): + solver = ode(f, jac) + if self.solver_uses_jac: + solver.set_integrator(self.solver_name, atol=1e-9, rtol=1e-7, + with_jacobian=self.solver_uses_jac) + else: + # XXX Shouldn't set_integrator *always* accept the keyword arg + # 'with_jacobian', and perhaps raise an exception if it is set + # to True if the solver can't actually use it? + solver.set_integrator(self.solver_name, atol=1e-9, rtol=1e-7) + return solver + + def _check_solver(self, solver): + ic = [1.0, 0.0] + solver.set_initial_value(ic, 0.0) + solver.integrate(pi) + assert_array_almost_equal(solver.y, [-1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_no_params(self): + solver = self._get_solver(f, jac) + self._check_solver(solver) + + def test_one_scalar_param(self): + solver = self._get_solver(f1, jac1) + omega = 1.0 + solver.set_f_params(omega) + if self.solver_uses_jac: + solver.set_jac_params(omega) + self._check_solver(solver) + + def test_two_scalar_params(self): + solver = self._get_solver(f2, jac2) + omega1 = 1.0 + omega2 = 1.0 + solver.set_f_params(omega1, omega2) + if self.solver_uses_jac: + solver.set_jac_params(omega1, omega2) + self._check_solver(solver) + + def test_vector_param(self): + solver = self._get_solver(fv, jacv) + omega = [1.0, 1.0] + solver.set_f_params(omega) + if self.solver_uses_jac: + solver.set_jac_params(omega) + self._check_solver(solver) + + def test_warns_on_failure(self): + # Set nsteps small to ensure failure + solver = self._get_solver(f, jac) + solver.set_integrator(self.solver_name, nsteps=1) + ic = [1.0, 0.0] + solver.set_initial_value(ic, 0.0) + with pytest.warns(UserWarning): + solver.integrate(pi) + + +class TestDOPRI5CheckParameterUse(ODECheckParameterUse): + solver_name = 'dopri5' + solver_uses_jac = False + + +class TestDOP853CheckParameterUse(ODECheckParameterUse): + solver_name = 'dop853' + solver_uses_jac = False + + +class TestVODECheckParameterUse(ODECheckParameterUse): + solver_name = 'vode' + solver_uses_jac = True + + +class TestZVODECheckParameterUse(ODECheckParameterUse): + solver_name = 'zvode' + solver_uses_jac = True + + +class TestLSODACheckParameterUse(ODECheckParameterUse): + solver_name = 'lsoda' + solver_uses_jac = True + + +def test_odeint_trivial_time(): + # Test that odeint succeeds when given a single time point + # and full_output=True. This is a regression test for gh-4282. + y0 = 1 + t = [0] + y, info = odeint(lambda y, t: -y, y0, t, full_output=True) + assert_array_equal(y, np.array([[y0]])) + + +def test_odeint_banded_jacobian(): + # Test the use of the `Dfun`, `ml` and `mu` options of odeint. + + def func(y, t, c): + return c.dot(y) + + def jac(y, t, c): + return c + + def jac_transpose(y, t, c): + return c.T.copy(order='C') + + def bjac_rows(y, t, c): + jac = np.vstack((np.r_[0, np.diag(c, 1)], + np.diag(c), + np.r_[np.diag(c, -1), 0], + np.r_[np.diag(c, -2), 0, 0])) + return jac + + def bjac_cols(y, t, c): + return bjac_rows(y, t, c).T.copy(order='C') + + c = array([[-205, 0.01, 0.00, 0.0], + [0.1, -2.50, 0.02, 0.0], + [1e-3, 0.01, -2.0, 0.01], + [0.00, 0.00, 0.1, -1.0]]) + + y0 = np.ones(4) + t = np.array([0, 5, 10, 100]) + + # Use the full Jacobian. + sol1, info1 = odeint(func, y0, t, args=(c,), full_output=True, + atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-11, mxstep=10000, + Dfun=jac) + + # Use the transposed full Jacobian, with col_deriv=True. + sol2, info2 = odeint(func, y0, t, args=(c,), full_output=True, + atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-11, mxstep=10000, + Dfun=jac_transpose, col_deriv=True) + + # Use the banded Jacobian. + sol3, info3 = odeint(func, y0, t, args=(c,), full_output=True, + atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-11, mxstep=10000, + Dfun=bjac_rows, ml=2, mu=1) + + # Use the transposed banded Jacobian, with col_deriv=True. + sol4, info4 = odeint(func, y0, t, args=(c,), full_output=True, + atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-11, mxstep=10000, + Dfun=bjac_cols, ml=2, mu=1, col_deriv=True) + + assert_allclose(sol1, sol2, err_msg="sol1 != sol2") + assert_allclose(sol1, sol3, atol=1e-12, err_msg="sol1 != sol3") + assert_allclose(sol3, sol4, err_msg="sol3 != sol4") + + # Verify that the number of jacobian evaluations was the same for the + # calls of odeint with a full jacobian and with a banded jacobian. This is + # a regression test--there was a bug in the handling of banded jacobians + # that resulted in an incorrect jacobian matrix being passed to the LSODA + # code. That would cause errors or excessive jacobian evaluations. + assert_array_equal(info1['nje'], info2['nje']) + assert_array_equal(info3['nje'], info4['nje']) + + # Test the use of tfirst + sol1ty, info1ty = odeint(lambda t, y, c: func(y, t, c), y0, t, args=(c,), + full_output=True, atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-11, + mxstep=10000, + Dfun=lambda t, y, c: jac(y, t, c), tfirst=True) + # The code should execute the exact same sequence of floating point + # calculations, so these should be exactly equal. We'll be safe and use + # a small tolerance. + assert_allclose(sol1, sol1ty, rtol=1e-12, err_msg="sol1 != sol1ty") + + +def test_odeint_errors(): + def sys1d(x, t): + return -100*x + + def bad1(x, t): + return 1.0/0 + + def bad2(x, t): + return "foo" + + def bad_jac1(x, t): + return 1.0/0 + + def bad_jac2(x, t): + return [["foo"]] + + def sys2d(x, t): + return [-100*x[0], -0.1*x[1]] + + def sys2d_bad_jac(x, t): + return [[1.0/0, 0], [0, -0.1]] + + assert_raises(ZeroDivisionError, odeint, bad1, 1.0, [0, 1]) + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, bad2, 1.0, [0, 1]) + + assert_raises(ZeroDivisionError, odeint, sys1d, 1.0, [0, 1], Dfun=bad_jac1) + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, sys1d, 1.0, [0, 1], Dfun=bad_jac2) + + assert_raises(ZeroDivisionError, odeint, sys2d, [1.0, 1.0], [0, 1], + Dfun=sys2d_bad_jac) + + +def test_odeint_bad_shapes(): + # Tests of some errors that can occur with odeint. + + def badrhs(x, t): + return [1, -1] + + def sys1(x, t): + return -100*x + + def badjac(x, t): + return [[0, 0, 0]] + + # y0 must be at most 1-d. + bad_y0 = [[0, 0], [0, 0]] + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, sys1, bad_y0, [0, 1]) + + # t must be at most 1-d. + bad_t = [[0, 1], [2, 3]] + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, sys1, [10.0], bad_t) + + # y0 is 10, but badrhs(x, t) returns [1, -1]. + assert_raises(RuntimeError, odeint, badrhs, 10, [0, 1]) + + # shape of array returned by badjac(x, t) is not correct. + assert_raises(RuntimeError, odeint, sys1, [10, 10], [0, 1], Dfun=badjac) + + +def test_repeated_t_values(): + """Regression test for gh-8217.""" + + def func(x, t): + return -0.25*x + + t = np.zeros(10) + sol = odeint(func, [1.], t) + assert_array_equal(sol, np.ones((len(t), 1))) + + tau = 4*np.log(2) + t = [0]*9 + [tau, 2*tau, 2*tau, 3*tau] + sol = odeint(func, [1, 2], t, rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-12) + expected_sol = np.array([[1.0, 2.0]]*9 + + [[0.5, 1.0], + [0.25, 0.5], + [0.25, 0.5], + [0.125, 0.25]]) + assert_allclose(sol, expected_sol) + + # Edge case: empty t sequence. + sol = odeint(func, [1.], []) + assert_array_equal(sol, np.array([], dtype=np.float64).reshape((0, 1))) + + # t values are not monotonic. + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, func, [1.], [0, 1, 0.5, 0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, odeint, func, [1, 2, 3], [0, -1, -2, 3]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadpack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadpack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..af55e1af7cea85dbd54302dc612017cff1abd7bb --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadpack.py @@ -0,0 +1,723 @@ +import sys +import math +import numpy as np +from numpy import sqrt, cos, sin, arctan, exp, log, pi +from numpy.testing import (assert_, + assert_allclose, assert_array_less, assert_almost_equal, assert_equal) +import pytest + +from scipy.integrate import quad, dblquad, tplquad, nquad +from scipy.special import erf, erfc +from scipy._lib._ccallback import LowLevelCallable +from scipy._lib._array_api import make_xp_test_case + +import ctypes +import ctypes.util +from scipy._lib._ccallback_c import sine_ctypes + +import scipy.integrate._test_multivariate as clib_test + + +def assert_quad(value_and_err, tabled_value, error_tolerance=1.5e-8): + value, err = value_and_err + assert_allclose(value, tabled_value, atol=err, rtol=0) + if error_tolerance is not None: + assert_array_less(err, error_tolerance) + + +def get_clib_test_routine(name, restype, *argtypes): + ptr = getattr(clib_test, name) + return ctypes.cast(ptr, ctypes.CFUNCTYPE(restype, *argtypes)) + + +@make_xp_test_case(quad) +class TestCtypesQuad: + def setup_method(self): + if sys.platform == 'win32': + files = ['api-ms-win-crt-math-l1-1-0.dll'] + elif sys.platform == 'darwin': + files = ['libm.dylib'] + else: + files = ['libm.so', 'libm.so.6'] + + for file in files: + try: + self.lib = ctypes.CDLL(file) + break + except OSError: + pass + else: + # This test doesn't work on some Linux platforms (Fedora for + # example) that put an ld script in libm.so - see gh-5370 + pytest.skip("Ctypes can't import libm.so") + + restype = ctypes.c_double + argtypes = (ctypes.c_double,) + for name in ['sin', 'cos', 'tan']: + func = getattr(self.lib, name) + func.restype = restype + func.argtypes = argtypes + + def test_typical(self): + assert_quad(quad(self.lib.sin, 0, 5), quad(math.sin, 0, 5)[0]) + assert_quad(quad(self.lib.cos, 0, 5), quad(math.cos, 0, 5)[0]) + assert_quad(quad(self.lib.tan, 0, 1), quad(math.tan, 0, 1)[0]) + + def test_ctypes_sine(self): + quad(LowLevelCallable(sine_ctypes), 0, 1) + + def test_ctypes_variants(self): + sin_0 = get_clib_test_routine('_sin_0', ctypes.c_double, + ctypes.c_double, ctypes.c_void_p) + + sin_1 = get_clib_test_routine('_sin_1', ctypes.c_double, + ctypes.c_int, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_double), + ctypes.c_void_p) + + sin_2 = get_clib_test_routine('_sin_2', ctypes.c_double, + ctypes.c_double) + + sin_3 = get_clib_test_routine('_sin_3', ctypes.c_double, + ctypes.c_int, ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_double)) + + sin_4 = get_clib_test_routine('_sin_3', ctypes.c_double, + ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_double) + + all_sigs = [sin_0, sin_1, sin_2, sin_3, sin_4] + legacy_sigs = [sin_2, sin_4] + legacy_only_sigs = [sin_4] + + # LowLevelCallables work for new signatures + for j, func in enumerate(all_sigs): + callback = LowLevelCallable(func) + if func in legacy_only_sigs: + pytest.raises(ValueError, quad, callback, 0, pi) + else: + assert_allclose(quad(callback, 0, pi)[0], 2.0) + + # Plain ctypes items work only for legacy signatures + for j, func in enumerate(legacy_sigs): + if func in legacy_sigs: + assert_allclose(quad(func, 0, pi)[0], 2.0) + else: + pytest.raises(ValueError, quad, func, 0, pi) + + +@make_xp_test_case(quad) +class TestMultivariateCtypesQuad: + def setup_method(self): + restype = ctypes.c_double + argtypes = (ctypes.c_int, ctypes.c_double) + for name in ['_multivariate_typical', '_multivariate_indefinite', + '_multivariate_sin']: + func = get_clib_test_routine(name, restype, *argtypes) + setattr(self, name, func) + + def test_typical(self): + # 1) Typical function with two extra arguments: + assert_quad(quad(self._multivariate_typical, 0, pi, (2, 1.8)), + 0.30614353532540296487) + + def test_indefinite(self): + # 2) Infinite integration limits --- Euler's constant + assert_quad(quad(self._multivariate_indefinite, 0, np.inf), + 0.577215664901532860606512) + + def test_threadsafety(self): + # Ensure multivariate ctypes are threadsafe + def threadsafety(y): + return y + quad(self._multivariate_sin, 0, 1)[0] + assert_quad(quad(threadsafety, 0, 1), 0.9596976941318602) + + +@make_xp_test_case(quad) +class TestQuad: + def test_typical(self): + # 1) Typical function with two extra arguments: + def myfunc(x, n, z): # Bessel function integrand + return cos(n*x-z*sin(x))/pi + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, pi, (2, 1.8)), 0.30614353532540296487) + + def test_indefinite(self): + # 2) Infinite integration limits --- Euler's constant + def myfunc(x): # Euler's constant integrand + return -exp(-x)*log(x) + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, np.inf), 0.577215664901532860606512) + + def test_singular(self): + # 3) Singular points in region of integration. + def myfunc(x): + if 0 < x < 2.5: + return sin(x) + elif 2.5 <= x <= 5.0: + return exp(-x) + else: + return 0.0 + + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, 10, points=[2.5, 5.0]), + 1 - cos(2.5) + exp(-2.5) - exp(-5.0)) + + def test_sine_weighted_finite(self): + # 4) Sine weighted integral (finite limits) + def myfunc(x, a): + return exp(a*(x-1)) + + ome = 2.0**3.4 + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, 1, args=20, weight='sin', wvar=ome), + (20*sin(ome)-ome*cos(ome)+ome*exp(-20))/(20**2 + ome**2)) + + def test_sine_weighted_infinite(self): + # 5) Sine weighted integral (infinite limits) + def myfunc(x, a): + return exp(-x*a) + + a = 4.0 + ome = 3.0 + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, np.inf, args=a, weight='sin', wvar=ome), + ome/(a**2 + ome**2)) + + def test_cosine_weighted_infinite(self): + # 6) Cosine weighted integral (negative infinite limits) + def myfunc(x, a): + return exp(x*a) + + a = 2.5 + ome = 2.3 + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, -np.inf, 0, args=a, weight='cos', wvar=ome), + a/(a**2 + ome**2)) + + def test_algebraic_log_weight(self): + # 6) Algebraic-logarithmic weight. + def myfunc(x, a): + return 1/(1+x+2**(-a)) + + a = 1.5 + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, -1, 1, args=a, weight='alg', + wvar=(-0.5, -0.5)), + pi/sqrt((1+2**(-a))**2 - 1)) + + def test_cauchypv_weight(self): + # 7) Cauchy prinicpal value weighting w(x) = 1/(x-c) + def myfunc(x, a): + return 2.0**(-a)/((x-1)**2+4.0**(-a)) + + a = 0.4 + tabledValue = ((2.0**(-0.4)*log(1.5) - + 2.0**(-1.4)*log((4.0**(-a)+16) / (4.0**(-a)+1)) - + arctan(2.0**(a+2)) - + arctan(2.0**a)) / + (4.0**(-a) + 1)) + assert_quad(quad(myfunc, 0, 5, args=0.4, weight='cauchy', wvar=2.0), + tabledValue, error_tolerance=1.9e-8) + + def test_b_less_than_a(self): + def f(x, p, q): + return p * np.exp(-q*x) + + val_1, err_1 = quad(f, 0, np.inf, args=(2, 3)) + val_2, err_2 = quad(f, np.inf, 0, args=(2, 3)) + assert_allclose(val_1, -val_2, atol=max(err_1, err_2)) + + def test_b_less_than_a_2(self): + def f(x, s): + return np.exp(-x**2 / 2 / s) / np.sqrt(2.*s) + + val_1, err_1 = quad(f, -np.inf, np.inf, args=(2,)) + val_2, err_2 = quad(f, np.inf, -np.inf, args=(2,)) + assert_allclose(val_1, -val_2, atol=max(err_1, err_2)) + + def test_b_less_than_a_3(self): + def f(x): + return 1.0 + + val_1, err_1 = quad(f, 0, 1, weight='alg', wvar=(0, 0)) + val_2, err_2 = quad(f, 1, 0, weight='alg', wvar=(0, 0)) + assert_allclose(val_1, -val_2, atol=max(err_1, err_2)) + + def test_b_less_than_a_full_output(self): + def f(x): + return 1.0 + + res_1 = quad(f, 0, 1, weight='alg', wvar=(0, 0), full_output=True) + res_2 = quad(f, 1, 0, weight='alg', wvar=(0, 0), full_output=True) + err = max(res_1[1], res_2[1]) + assert_allclose(res_1[0], -res_2[0], atol=err) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("complex_func", [True, False]) + def test_b_equals_a(self, complex_func): + def f(x): + return 1/x + + upper = lower = 0. + limit = 50 + expected_infodict = {"neval": 0, "last": 0, + "alist": np.full(limit, np.nan, dtype=np.float64), + "blist": np.full(limit, np.nan, dtype=np.float64), + "rlist": np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.float64), + "elist": np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.float64), + "iord" : np.zeros(limit, dtype=np.int32)} + + zero, err, infodict = quad(f, lower, upper, full_output=1, + complex_func=complex_func) + assert (zero, err) == (0., 0.) + if complex_func: + assert_equal(infodict, {"real": expected_infodict, + "imag": expected_infodict}) + else: + assert_equal(infodict, expected_infodict) + + def test_complex(self): + def tfunc(x): + return np.exp(1j*x) + + assert np.allclose( + quad(tfunc, 0, np.pi/2, complex_func=True)[0], + 1+1j) + + # We consider a divergent case in order to force quadpack + # to return an error message. The output is compared + # against what is returned by explicit integration + # of the parts. + kwargs = {'a': 0, 'b': np.inf, 'full_output': True, + 'weight': 'cos', 'wvar': 1} + res_c = quad(tfunc, complex_func=True, **kwargs) + res_r = quad(lambda x: np.real(np.exp(1j*x)), + complex_func=False, + **kwargs) + res_i = quad(lambda x: np.imag(np.exp(1j*x)), + complex_func=False, + **kwargs) + + np.testing.assert_equal(res_c[0], res_r[0] + 1j*res_i[0]) + np.testing.assert_equal(res_c[1], res_r[1] + 1j*res_i[1]) + + assert len(res_c[2]['real']) == len(res_r[2:]) == 3 + assert res_c[2]['real'][2] == res_r[4] + assert res_c[2]['real'][1] == res_r[3] + assert res_c[2]['real'][0]['lst'] == res_r[2]['lst'] + + assert len(res_c[2]['imag']) == len(res_i[2:]) == 1 + assert res_c[2]['imag'][0]['lst'] == res_i[2]['lst'] + + +@make_xp_test_case(dblquad) +class TestDblquad: + def test_double_integral(self): + # 8) Double Integral test + def simpfunc(y, x): # Note order of arguments. + return x+y + + a, b = 1.0, 2.0 + assert_quad(dblquad(simpfunc, a, b, lambda x: x, lambda x: 2*x), + 5/6.0 * (b**3.0-a**3.0)) + + def test_double_integral2(self): + def func(x0, x1, t0, t1): + return x0 + x1 + t0 + t1 + def g(x): + return x + def h(x): + return 2 * x + args = 1, 2 + assert_quad(dblquad(func, 1, 2, g, h, args=args),35./6 + 9*.5) + + def test_double_integral3(self): + def func(x0, x1): + return x0 + x1 + 1 + 2 + assert_quad(dblquad(func, 1, 2, 1, 2),6.) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "x_lower, x_upper, y_lower, y_upper, expected", + [ + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 0] for all n. + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, np.pi / 4), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, -1] for each n (one at a time). + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 0, np.pi / 4 * erfc(1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, -1, np.pi / 4 * erfc(1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, -1] for all n. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, np.pi / 4 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 1] for each n (one at a time). + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 0, np.pi / 4 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 1, np.pi / 4 * (erf(1) + 1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 1] for all n. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-inf, -1] and Dy = [-inf, 1]. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 1, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-inf, 1] and Dy = [-inf, -1]. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, -1, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [0, inf] for all n. + (0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, np.pi / 4), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [1, inf] for each n (one at a time). + (1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * erfc(1)), + (0, np.inf, 1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * erfc(1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [1, inf] for all n. + (1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-1, inf] for each n (one at a time). + (-1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (0, np.inf, -1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * (erf(1) + 1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-1, inf] for all n. + (-1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-1, inf] and Dy = [1, inf]. + (-1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [1, inf] and Dy = [-1, inf]. + (1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, np.pi / 4 * ((erf(1) + 1) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, inf] for all n. + (-np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf, np.pi), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 2 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [0, 0] for each n (one at a time). + (0, 0, 0, np.inf, 0.), + (0, np.inf, 0, 0, 0.), + ] + ) + def test_double_integral_improper( + self, x_lower, x_upper, y_lower, y_upper, expected + ): + # The Gaussian Integral. + def f(x, y): + return np.exp(-x ** 2 - y ** 2) + + assert_quad( + dblquad(f, x_lower, x_upper, y_lower, y_upper), + expected, + error_tolerance=3e-8 + ) + + +@make_xp_test_case(tplquad) +class TestTplquad: + def test_triple_integral(self): + # 9) Triple Integral test + def simpfunc(z, y, x, t): # Note order of arguments. + return (x+y+z)*t + + a, b = 1.0, 2.0 + assert_quad(tplquad(simpfunc, a, b, + lambda x: x, lambda x: 2*x, + lambda x, y: x - y, lambda x, y: x + y, + (2.,)), + 2*8/3.0 * (b**4.0 - a**4.0)) + + @pytest.mark.xslow + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "x_lower, x_upper, y_lower, y_upper, z_lower, z_upper, expected", + [ + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 0] for all n. + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, -1] for each n (one at a time). + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, -1] for each n (two at a time). + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, -1] for all n. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 3)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-inf, -1] and Dy = Dz = [-inf, 1]. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dy = [-inf, -1] and Dz = [-inf, 1]. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dz = [-inf, -1] and Dy = [-inf, 1]. + (-np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-inf, 1] and Dy = Dz = [-inf, -1]. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dy = [-inf, 1] and Dz = [-inf, -1]. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, -1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dz = [-inf, 1] and Dy = [-inf, -1]. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, -1, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 1] for each n (one at a time). + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 1] for each n (two at a time). + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 0, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + (-np.inf, 0, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, 1] for all n. + (-np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, -np.inf, 1, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 3)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [0, inf] for all n. + (0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [1, inf] for each n (one at a time). + (1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + (0, np.inf, 1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + (0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * erfc(1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [1, inf] for each n (two at a time). + (1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + (1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + (0, np.inf, 1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [1, inf] for all n. + (1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erfc(1) ** 3)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-1, inf] for each n (one at a time). + (-1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (0, np.inf, -1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + (0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (erf(1) + 1)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-1, inf] for each n (two at a time). + (-1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + (-1, np.inf, 0, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + (0, np.inf, -1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-1, inf] for all n. + (-1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) ** 3)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [1, inf] and Dy = Dz = [-1, inf]. + (1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dy = [1, inf] and Dz = [-1, inf]. + (1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dz = [1, inf] and Dy = [-1, inf]. + (1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = [-1, inf] and Dy = Dz = [1, inf]. + (-1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * ((erf(1) + 1) * (erfc(1) ** 2))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dy = [-1, inf] and Dz = [1, inf]. + (-1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain Dx = Dz = [-1, inf] and Dy = [1, inf]. + (-1, np.inf, 1, np.inf, -1, np.inf, + (np.pi ** (3 / 2)) / 8 * (((erf(1) + 1) ** 2) * erfc(1))), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [-inf, inf] for all n. + (-np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf, -np.inf, np.inf, + np.pi ** (3 / 2)), + # Multiple integration of a function in n = 3 variables: f(x, y, z) + # over domain D = [0, 0] for each n (one at a time). + (0, 0, 0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 0), + (0, np.inf, 0, 0, 0, np.inf, 0), + (0, np.inf, 0, np.inf, 0, 0, 0), + ], + ) + def test_triple_integral_improper( + self, + x_lower, + x_upper, + y_lower, + y_upper, + z_lower, + z_upper, + expected + ): + # The Gaussian Integral. + def f(x, y, z): + return np.exp(-x ** 2 - y ** 2 - z ** 2) + + assert_quad( + tplquad(f, x_lower, x_upper, y_lower, y_upper, z_lower, z_upper), + expected, + error_tolerance=6e-8 + ) + + +@make_xp_test_case(nquad) +class TestNQuad: + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + def test_fixed_limits(self): + def func1(x0, x1, x2, x3): + val = (x0**2 + x1*x2 - x3**3 + np.sin(x0) + + (1 if (x0 - 0.2*x3 - 0.5 - 0.25*x1 > 0) else 0)) + return val + + def opts_basic(*args): + return {'points': [0.2*args[2] + 0.5 + 0.25*args[0]]} + + res = nquad(func1, [[0, 1], [-1, 1], [.13, .8], [-.15, 1]], + opts=[opts_basic, {}, {}, {}], full_output=True) + assert_quad(res[:-1], 1.5267454070738635) + assert_(res[-1]['neval'] > 0 and res[-1]['neval'] < 4e5) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + def test_variable_limits(self): + scale = .1 + + def func2(x0, x1, x2, x3, t0, t1): + val = (x0*x1*x3**2 + np.sin(x2) + 1 + + (1 if x0 + t1*x1 - t0 > 0 else 0)) + return val + + def lim0(x1, x2, x3, t0, t1): + return [scale * (x1**2 + x2 + np.cos(x3)*t0*t1 + 1) - 1, + scale * (x1**2 + x2 + np.cos(x3)*t0*t1 + 1) + 1] + + def lim1(x2, x3, t0, t1): + return [scale * (t0*x2 + t1*x3) - 1, + scale * (t0*x2 + t1*x3) + 1] + + def lim2(x3, t0, t1): + return [scale * (x3 + t0**2*t1**3) - 1, + scale * (x3 + t0**2*t1**3) + 1] + + def lim3(t0, t1): + return [scale * (t0 + t1) - 1, scale * (t0 + t1) + 1] + + def opts0(x1, x2, x3, t0, t1): + return {'points': [t0 - t1*x1]} + + def opts1(x2, x3, t0, t1): + return {} + + def opts2(x3, t0, t1): + return {} + + def opts3(t0, t1): + return {} + + res = nquad(func2, [lim0, lim1, lim2, lim3], args=(0, 0), + opts=[opts0, opts1, opts2, opts3]) + assert_quad(res, 25.066666666666663) + + def test_square_separate_ranges_and_opts(self): + def f(y, x): + return 1.0 + + assert_quad(nquad(f, [[-1, 1], [-1, 1]], opts=[{}, {}]), 4.0) + + def test_square_aliased_ranges_and_opts(self): + def f(y, x): + return 1.0 + + r = [-1, 1] + opt = {} + assert_quad(nquad(f, [r, r], opts=[opt, opt]), 4.0) + + def test_square_separate_fn_ranges_and_opts(self): + def f(y, x): + return 1.0 + + def fn_range0(*args): + return (-1, 1) + + def fn_range1(*args): + return (-1, 1) + + def fn_opt0(*args): + return {} + + def fn_opt1(*args): + return {} + + ranges = [fn_range0, fn_range1] + opts = [fn_opt0, fn_opt1] + assert_quad(nquad(f, ranges, opts=opts), 4.0) + + def test_square_aliased_fn_ranges_and_opts(self): + def f(y, x): + return 1.0 + + def fn_range(*args): + return (-1, 1) + + def fn_opt(*args): + return {} + + ranges = [fn_range, fn_range] + opts = [fn_opt, fn_opt] + assert_quad(nquad(f, ranges, opts=opts), 4.0) + + def test_matching_quad(self): + def func(x): + return x**2 + 1 + + res, reserr = quad(func, 0, 4) + res2, reserr2 = nquad(func, ranges=[[0, 4]]) + assert_almost_equal(res, res2) + assert_almost_equal(reserr, reserr2) + + def test_matching_dblquad(self): + def func2d(x0, x1): + return x0**2 + x1**3 - x0 * x1 + 1 + + res, reserr = dblquad(func2d, -2, 2, lambda x: -3, lambda x: 3) + res2, reserr2 = nquad(func2d, [[-3, 3], (-2, 2)]) + assert_almost_equal(res, res2) + assert_almost_equal(reserr, reserr2) + + def test_matching_tplquad(self): + def func3d(x0, x1, x2, c0, c1): + return x0**2 + c0 * x1**3 - x0 * x1 + 1 + c1 * np.sin(x2) + + res = tplquad(func3d, -1, 2, lambda x: -2, lambda x: 2, + lambda x, y: -np.pi, lambda x, y: np.pi, + args=(2, 3)) + res2 = nquad(func3d, [[-np.pi, np.pi], [-2, 2], (-1, 2)], args=(2, 3)) + assert_almost_equal(res, res2) + + def test_dict_as_opts(self): + try: + nquad(lambda x, y: x * y, [[0, 1], [0, 1]], opts={'epsrel': 0.0001}) + except TypeError: + assert False + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadrature.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadrature.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb9c2d09f439bd9ea55d4649a8e6d83ee42ab01f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_quadrature.py @@ -0,0 +1,756 @@ +# mypy: disable-error-code="attr-defined" +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_equal, assert_almost_equal, assert_allclose +from hypothesis import given +import hypothesis.strategies as st +import hypothesis.extra.numpy as hyp_num + +from scipy.integrate import (romb, newton_cotes, + cumulative_trapezoid, trapezoid, + quad, simpson, fixed_quad, + qmc_quad, cumulative_simpson) +from scipy.integrate._quadrature import _cumulative_simpson_unequal_intervals + +from scipy import stats, special, integrate +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg +from scipy._lib._array_api import make_xp_test_case, xp_default_dtype, is_numpy +from scipy._lib._array_api_no_0d import xp_assert_close, xp_assert_equal + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends + +@make_xp_test_case(fixed_quad) +class TestFixedQuad: + def test_scalar(self): + n = 4 + expected = 1/(2*n) + got, _ = fixed_quad(lambda x: x**(2*n - 1), 0, 1, n=n) + # quadrature exact for this input + assert_allclose(got, expected, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_vector(self): + n = 4 + p = np.arange(1, 2*n) + expected = 1/(p + 1) + got, _ = fixed_quad(lambda x: x**p[:, None], 0, 1, n=n) + assert_allclose(got, expected, rtol=1e-12) + + +@make_xp_test_case(romb) +class TestRomb: + def test_romb(self, xp): + xp_assert_equal(romb(xp.arange(17.0)), xp.asarray(128.0, dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_romb_gh_3731(self, xp): + # Check that romb makes maximal use of data points + x = np.arange(2**4+1) + y = np.cos(0.2*x) + val = romb(xp.asarray(y)) + expected, _ = quad(lambda x: np.cos(np.array(0.2*x)), np.min(x), np.max(x)) + xp_assert_close(val, xp.asarray(expected, dtype=xp.float64), rtol=1e-8, atol=0) + + +@make_xp_test_case(newton_cotes) +class TestNewtonCotes: + def test_newton_cotes(self): + """Test the first few degrees, for evenly spaced points.""" + n = 1 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(n, 1) + assert_equal(wts, n*np.array([0.5, 0.5])) + assert_almost_equal(errcoff, -n**3/12.0) + + n = 2 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(n, 1) + assert_almost_equal(wts, n*np.array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0])/6.0) + assert_almost_equal(errcoff, -n**5/2880.0) + + n = 3 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(n, 1) + assert_almost_equal(wts, n*np.array([1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 1.0])/8.0) + assert_almost_equal(errcoff, -n**5/6480.0) + + n = 4 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(n, 1) + assert_almost_equal(wts, n*np.array([7.0, 32.0, 12.0, 32.0, 7.0])/90.0) + assert_almost_equal(errcoff, -n**7/1935360.0) + + def test_newton_cotes2(self): + """Test newton_cotes with points that are not evenly spaced.""" + + x = np.array([0.0, 1.5, 2.0]) + y = x**2 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(x) + exact_integral = 8.0/3 + numeric_integral = np.dot(wts, y) + assert_almost_equal(numeric_integral, exact_integral) + + x = np.array([0.0, 1.4, 2.1, 3.0]) + y = x**2 + wts, errcoff = newton_cotes(x) + exact_integral = 9.0 + numeric_integral = np.dot(wts, y) + assert_almost_equal(numeric_integral, exact_integral) + + +@make_xp_test_case(simpson) +class TestSimpson: + def test_simpson(self): + y = np.arange(17) + assert_equal(simpson(y), 128) + assert_equal(simpson(y, dx=0.5), 64) + assert_equal(simpson(y, x=np.linspace(0, 4, 17)), 32) + + # integral should be exactly 21 + x = np.linspace(1, 4, 4) + def f(x): + return x**2 + + assert_allclose(simpson(f(x), x=x), 21.0) + + # integral should be exactly 114 + x = np.linspace(1, 7, 4) + assert_allclose(simpson(f(x), dx=2.0), 114) + + # test multi-axis behaviour + a = np.arange(16).reshape(4, 4) + x = np.arange(64.).reshape(4, 4, 4) + y = f(x) + for i in range(3): + r = simpson(y, x=x, axis=i) + it = np.nditer(a, flags=['multi_index']) + for _ in it: + idx = list(it.multi_index) + idx.insert(i, slice(None)) + integral = x[tuple(idx)][-1]**3 / 3 - x[tuple(idx)][0]**3 / 3 + assert_allclose(r[it.multi_index], integral) + + # test when integration axis only has two points + x = np.arange(16).reshape(8, 2) + y = f(x) + r = simpson(y, x=x, axis=-1) + + integral = 0.5 * (y[:, 1] + y[:, 0]) * (x[:, 1] - x[:, 0]) + assert_allclose(r, integral) + + # odd points, test multi-axis behaviour + a = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5) + x = np.arange(125).reshape(5, 5, 5) + y = f(x) + for i in range(3): + r = simpson(y, x=x, axis=i) + it = np.nditer(a, flags=['multi_index']) + for _ in it: + idx = list(it.multi_index) + idx.insert(i, slice(None)) + integral = x[tuple(idx)][-1]**3 / 3 - x[tuple(idx)][0]**3 / 3 + assert_allclose(r[it.multi_index], integral) + + # Tests for checking base case + x = np.array([3]) + y = np.power(x, 2) + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=0), 0.0) + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=-1), 0.0) + + x = np.array([3, 3, 3, 3]) + y = np.power(x, 2) + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=0), 0.0) + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=-1), 0.0) + + x = np.array([[1, 2, 4, 8], [1, 2, 4, 8], [1, 2, 4, 8]]) + y = np.power(x, 2) + zero_axis = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0] + default_axis = [170 + 1/3] * 3 # 8**3 / 3 - 1/3 + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=0), zero_axis) + # the following should be exact + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=-1), default_axis) + + x = np.array([[1, 2, 4, 8], [1, 2, 4, 8], [1, 8, 16, 32]]) + y = np.power(x, 2) + zero_axis = [0.0, 136.0, 1088.0, 8704.0] + default_axis = [170 + 1/3, 170 + 1/3, 32**3 / 3 - 1/3] + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=0), zero_axis) + assert_allclose(simpson(y, x=x, axis=-1), default_axis) + + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('droplast', [False, True]) + def test_simpson_2d_integer_no_x(self, droplast): + # The inputs are 2d integer arrays. The results should be + # identical to the results when the inputs are floating point. + y = np.array([[2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 8, -4, 5], + [4, 4, 2, -4, 10, 22, -2, 10]]) + if droplast: + y = y[:, :-1] + result = simpson(y, axis=-1) + expected = simpson(np.array(y, dtype=np.float64), axis=-1) + assert_equal(result, expected) + + +@make_xp_test_case(cumulative_trapezoid) +class TestCumulative_trapezoid: + def test_1d(self, xp): + x = xp.linspace(-2, 2, num=5) + y = x + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=0) + y_expected = xp.asarray([0., -1.5, -2., -1.5, 0.]) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=None) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected[1:]) + + def test_y_nd_x_nd(self, xp): + x = xp.reshape(xp.arange(3 * 2 * 4, dtype=xp_default_dtype(xp)), (3, 2, 4)) + y = x + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=0) + y_expected = xp.asarray([[[0., 0.5, 2., 4.5], + [0., 4.5, 10., 16.5]], + [[0., 8.5, 18., 28.5], + [0., 12.5, 26., 40.5]], + [[0., 16.5, 34., 52.5], + [0., 20.5, 42., 64.5]]]) + + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + # Try with all axes + shapes = [(2, 2, 4), (3, 1, 4), (3, 2, 3)] + for axis, shape in zip([0, 1, 2], shapes): + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=0, axis=axis) + assert y_int.shape == (3, 2, 4) + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x, initial=None, axis=axis) + assert y_int.shape == shape + + def test_y_nd_x_1d(self, xp): + y = xp.reshape(xp.arange(3 * 2 * 4, dtype=xp_default_dtype(xp)), (3, 2, 4)) + x = xp.arange(4, dtype=xp_default_dtype(xp))**2 + # Try with all axes + ys_expected = ( + xp.asarray([[[4., 5., 6., 7.], + [8., 9., 10., 11.]], + [[40., 44., 48., 52.], + [56., 60., 64., 68.]]]), + xp.asarray([[[2., 3., 4., 5.]], + [[10., 11., 12., 13.]], + [[18., 19., 20., 21.]]]), + xp.asarray([[[0.5, 5., 17.5], + [4.5, 21., 53.5]], + [[8.5, 37., 89.5], + [12.5, 53., 125.5]], + [[16.5, 69., 161.5], + [20.5, 85., 197.5]]])) + + for axis, y_expected in zip([0, 1, 2], ys_expected): + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, x=x[:y.shape[axis]], axis=axis, + initial=None) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + def test_x_none(self, xp): + y = xp.linspace(-2, 2, num=5) + + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y) + y_expected = xp.asarray([-1.5, -2., -1.5, 0.]) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, initial=0) + y_expected = xp.asarray([0, -1.5, -2., -1.5, 0.]) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, dx=3) + y_expected = xp.asarray([-4.5, -6., -4.5, 0.]) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + y_int = cumulative_trapezoid(y, dx=3, initial=0) + y_expected = xp.asarray([0, -4.5, -6., -4.5, 0.]) + xp_assert_close(y_int, y_expected) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "initial", [1, 0.5] + ) + def test_initial_error(self, initial, xp): + """If initial is not None or 0, a ValueError is raised.""" + y = xp.linspace(0, 10, num=10) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`initial`"): + cumulative_trapezoid(y, initial=initial) + + def test_zero_len_y(self, xp): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="At least one point is required"): + cumulative_trapezoid(y=xp.asarray([])) + + +@make_xp_test_case(trapezoid) +class TestTrapezoid: + def test_simple(self, xp): + x = xp.arange(-10, 10, .1) + r = trapezoid(xp.exp(-.5 * x ** 2) / xp.sqrt(2 * xp.asarray(xp.pi)), dx=0.1) + # check integral of normal equals 1 + xp_assert_close(r, xp.asarray(1.0)) + + def test_ndim(self, xp): + x = xp.linspace(0, 1, 3) + y = xp.linspace(0, 2, 8) + z = xp.linspace(0, 3, 13) + + wx = xp.ones_like(x) * (x[1] - x[0]) + wx[0] /= 2 + wx[-1] /= 2 + wy = xp.ones_like(y) * (y[1] - y[0]) + wy[0] /= 2 + wy[-1] /= 2 + wz = xp.ones_like(z) * (z[1] - z[0]) + wz[0] /= 2 + wz[-1] /= 2 + + q = x[:, None, None] + y[None,:, None] + z[None, None,:] + + qx = xp.sum(q * wx[:, None, None], axis=0) + qy = xp.sum(q * wy[None, :, None], axis=1) + qz = xp.sum(q * wz[None, None, :], axis=2) + + # n-d `x` + r = trapezoid(q, x=x[:, None, None], axis=0) + xp_assert_close(r, qx) + r = trapezoid(q, x=y[None,:, None], axis=1) + xp_assert_close(r, qy) + r = trapezoid(q, x=z[None, None,:], axis=2) + xp_assert_close(r, qz) + + # 1-d `x` + r = trapezoid(q, x=x, axis=0) + xp_assert_close(r, qx) + r = trapezoid(q, x=y, axis=1) + xp_assert_close(r, qy) + r = trapezoid(q, x=z, axis=2) + xp_assert_close(r, qz) + + def test_gh21908(self, xp): + # extended testing for n-dim arrays + x = xp.reshape(xp.linspace(0, 29, 30), (3, 10)) + y = xp.reshape(xp.linspace(0, 29, 30), (3, 10)) + + out0 = xp.linspace(200, 380, 10) + xp_assert_close(trapezoid(y, x=x, axis=0), out0) + xp_assert_close(trapezoid(y, x=xp.asarray([0, 10., 20.]), axis=0), out0) + # x needs to be broadcastable against y + xp_assert_close( + trapezoid(y, x=xp.asarray([0, 10., 20.])[:, None], axis=0), + out0 + ) + with pytest.raises(Exception): + # x is not broadcastable against y + trapezoid(y, x=xp.asarray([0, 10., 20.])[None, :], axis=0) + + out1 = xp.asarray([ 40.5, 130.5, 220.5]) + xp_assert_close(trapezoid(y, x=x, axis=1), out1) + xp_assert_close( + trapezoid(y, x=xp.linspace(0, 9, 10), axis=1), + out1 + ) + + @skip_xp_invalid_arg + def test_masked(self, xp): + # Testing that masked arrays behave as if the function is 0 where + # masked + x = np.arange(5) + y = x * x + mask = x == 2 + ym = np.ma.array(y, mask=mask) + r = 13.0 # sum(0.5 * (0 + 1) * 1.0 + 0.5 * (9 + 16)) + assert_allclose(trapezoid(ym, x), r) + + xm = np.ma.array(x, mask=mask) + assert_allclose(trapezoid(ym, xm), r) + + xm = np.ma.array(x, mask=mask) + assert_allclose(trapezoid(y, xm), r) + + def test_array_like(self): + x = list(range(5)) + y = [t * t for t in x] + xarr = np.asarray(x, dtype=np.float64) + yarr = np.asarray(y, dtype=np.float64) + res = trapezoid(y, x) + resarr = trapezoid(yarr, xarr) + xp_assert_close(res, resarr) + + +@make_xp_test_case(qmc_quad) +class TestQMCQuad: + def test_input_validation(self, xp): + a = xp.asarray([0., 0.]) + b = xp.asarray([1., 1.]) + + message = "`func` must be callable." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + qmc_quad("a duck", a, b) + + message = "`func` must evaluate the integrand at points..." + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda: 1, a, b) + + def func(x): + assert x.ndim == 1 + return xp.sum(x) + message = "Exception encountered when attempting vectorized call..." + if is_numpy(xp): + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match=message): + qmc_quad(func, a, b) + else: + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + qmc_quad(func, a, b) + + message = "`n_points` must be an integer." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, a, b, n_points=1024.5) + + message = "`n_estimates` must be an integer." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, a, b, n_estimates=8.5) + + message = "`qrng` must be an instance of scipy.stats.qmc.QMCEngine." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, a, b, qrng="a duck") + + message = "`qrng` must be initialized with dimensionality equal to " + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, a, b, qrng=stats.qmc.Sobol(1)) + + message = r"`log` must be boolean \(`True` or `False`\)." + with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=message): + qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, a, b, log=10) + + def basic_test(self, n_points=2**8, n_estimates=8, signs=None, xp=None): + dtype = xp_default_dtype(xp) + if signs is None: + signs = np.ones(2) + ndim = 2 + mean = np.zeros(ndim) + cov = np.eye(ndim) + + def func(x): + # standard multivariate normal PDF in two dimensions + return xp.exp(-0.5 * xp.sum(x*x, axis=0)) / (2 * xp.pi) + + rng = np.random.default_rng(2879434385674690281) + qrng = stats.qmc.Sobol(ndim, seed=rng) + a = np.zeros(ndim) + b = np.ones(ndim) * signs + res = qmc_quad(func, xp.asarray(a, dtype=dtype), xp.asarray(b, dtype=dtype), + n_points=n_points, n_estimates=n_estimates, qrng=qrng) + ref = stats.multivariate_normal.cdf(b, mean, cov, lower_limit=a) + atol = special.stdtrit(n_estimates-1, 0.995) * res.standard_error # 99% CI + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(ref, dtype=dtype), atol=atol) + assert np.prod(signs)*res.integral > 0 + + rng = np.random.default_rng(2879434385674690281) + qrng = stats.qmc.Sobol(ndim, seed=rng) + logres = qmc_quad(lambda *args: xp.log(func(*args)), + xp.asarray(a, dtype=dtype), xp.asarray(b, dtype=dtype), + n_points=n_points, n_estimates=n_estimates, + log=True, qrng=qrng) + rtol = 1e-14 if res.integral.dtype == xp.float64 else 2e-6 + xp_assert_close(xp.real(xp.exp(logres.integral)), res.integral, rtol=rtol) + assert xp.imag(logres.integral + 0j) == (xp.pi if np.prod(signs) < 0 else 0) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.standard_error), + res.standard_error, rtol=rtol, atol=rtol/100) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n_points", [2**8, 2**12]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n_estimates", [8, 16]) + def test_basic(self, n_points, n_estimates, xp): + self.basic_test(n_points, n_estimates, xp=xp) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("signs", [[1., 1.], [-1., -1.], [-1., 1.], [1., -1.]]) + def test_sign(self, signs, xp): + self.basic_test(signs=signs, xp=xp) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("log", [False, True]) + def test_zero(self, log, xp): + message = "A lower limit was equal to an upper limit, so" + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match=message): + res = qmc_quad(lambda x: 1, xp.asarray([0, 0]), xp.asarray([0, 1]), log=log) + assert res.integral == (-xp.inf if log else 0) + assert res.standard_error == 0 + + def test_flexible_input(self): + # check that qrng is not required + # also checks that for 1d problems, a and b can be scalars + def func(x): + return stats.norm.pdf(x, scale=2) + + res = qmc_quad(func, 0, 1) + ref = stats.norm.cdf(1, scale=2) - stats.norm.cdf(0, scale=2) + assert_allclose(res.integral, ref, 1e-2) + + +def cumulative_simpson_nd_reference(y, *, x=None, dx=None, initial=None, axis=-1): + # Use cumulative_trapezoid if length of y < 3 + if y.shape[axis] < 3: + if initial is None: + return cumulative_trapezoid(y, x=x, dx=dx, axis=axis, initial=None) + else: + return initial + cumulative_trapezoid(y, x=x, dx=dx, axis=axis, initial=0) + + # Ensure that working axis is last axis + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, -1) + x = np.moveaxis(x, axis, -1) if np.ndim(x) > 1 else x + dx = np.moveaxis(dx, axis, -1) if np.ndim(dx) > 1 else dx + initial = np.moveaxis(initial, axis, -1) if np.ndim(initial) > 1 else initial + + # If `x` is not present, create it from `dx` + n = y.shape[-1] + x = dx * np.arange(n) if dx is not None else x + # Similarly, if `initial` is not present, set it to 0 + initial_was_none = initial is None + initial = 0 if initial_was_none else initial + + # `np.apply_along_axis` accepts only one array, so concatenate arguments + x = np.broadcast_to(x, y.shape) + initial = np.broadcast_to(initial, y.shape[:-1] + (1,)) + z = np.concatenate((y, x, initial), axis=-1) + + # Use `np.apply_along_axis` to compute result + def f(z): + return cumulative_simpson(z[:n], x=z[n:2*n], initial=z[2*n:]) + res = np.apply_along_axis(f, -1, z) + + # Remove `initial` and undo axis move as needed + res = res[..., 1:] if initial_was_none else res + res = np.moveaxis(res, -1, axis) + return res + + +@make_xp_test_case(cumulative_simpson) +class TestCumulativeSimpson: + x0 = np.arange(4) + y0 = x0**2 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('use_dx', (False, True)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('use_initial', (False, True)) + def test_1d(self, use_dx, use_initial, xp): + # Test for exact agreement with polynomial of highest + # possible order (3 if `dx` is constant, 2 otherwise). + rng = np.random.default_rng(82456839535679456794) + n = 10 + + # Generate random polynomials and ground truth + # integral of appropriate order + order = 3 if use_dx else 2 + dx = xp.asarray(rng.random()) + if order == 2: + x = xp.asarray(np.sort(rng.random(n))) + else: + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64)*dx + xp.asarray(rng.random()) + i = xp.arange(order + 1, dtype=xp.float64)[:, xp.newaxis] + c = xp.asarray(rng.random(order + 1))[:, xp.newaxis] + y = xp.sum(c*x**i, axis=0) + Y = xp.sum(c*x**(i + 1)/(i + 1), axis=0) + ref = Y if use_initial else (Y-Y[0])[1:] + + # Integrate with `cumulative_simpson` + initial = Y[0] if use_initial else None + kwarg = {'dx': dx} if use_dx else {'x': x} + res = cumulative_simpson(y, **kwarg, initial=initial) + + # Compare result against reference + if not use_dx: + xp_assert_close(res, ref, rtol=2e-15) + else: + i0 = 0 if use_initial else 1 + # all terms are "close" + xp_assert_close(res, ref, rtol=0.0025) + # only even-interval terms are "exact" + xp_assert_close(res[i0::2], ref[i0::2], rtol=2e-15) + + @skip_xp_backends(cpu_only=True) # uses np.apply_along_axis + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', np.arange(-3, 3)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('x_ndim', (1, 3)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('x_len', (1, 2, 7)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('i_ndim', (None, 0, 3,)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dx', (None, True)) + def test_nd(self, axis, x_ndim, x_len, i_ndim, dx, xp): + # Test behavior of `cumulative_simpson` with N-D `y` + rng = np.random.default_rng(82456839535679456794) + + # determine shapes + shape = [5, 6, x_len] + shape[axis], shape[-1] = shape[-1], shape[axis] + shape_len_1 = shape.copy() + shape_len_1[axis] = 1 + i_shape = shape_len_1 if i_ndim == 3 else () + + # initialize arguments + y = xp.asarray(rng.random(size=shape)) + x, dx = None, None + if dx: + dx = rng.random(size=shape_len_1) if x_ndim > 1 else rng.random() + dx = xp.asarray(dx) + else: + x = (np.sort(rng.random(size=shape), axis=axis) if x_ndim > 1 + else np.sort(rng.random(size=shape[axis]))) + x = xp.asarray(x) + initial = None if i_ndim is None else xp.asarray(rng.random(size=i_shape)) + + # compare results + res = cumulative_simpson(y, x=x, dx=dx, initial=initial, axis=axis) + # use np to generate `ref` as `cumulative_simpson_nd_ref` + # uses `apply_along_axis` + ref = cumulative_simpson_nd_reference( + np.asarray(y), x=np.asarray(x), dx=None if dx is None else np.asarray(dx), + initial=None if initial is None else np.asarray(initial), axis=axis + ) + xp_assert_close(res, xp.asarray(ref), rtol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(('message', 'kwarg_update'), [ + ("x must be strictly increasing", dict(x=[2, 2, 3, 4])), + ("x must be strictly increasing", dict(x=[x0, [2, 2, 4, 8]], y=[y0, y0])), + ("x must be strictly increasing", dict(x=[x0, x0, x0], y=[y0, y0, y0], axis=0)), + ("At least one point is required", dict(x=[], y=[])), + ("`axis=4` is not valid for `y` with `y.ndim=1`", dict(axis=4)), + ("shape of `x` must be the same as `y` or 1-D", dict(x=np.arange(5))), + ("`initial` must either be a scalar or...", dict(initial=np.arange(5))), + ("`dx` must either be a scalar or...", dict(x=None, dx=np.arange(5))), + ]) + def test_simpson_exceptions(self, message, kwarg_update, xp): + kwargs0 = dict(y=xp.asarray(self.y0), x=xp.asarray(self.x0), dx=None, + initial=None, axis=-1) + kwarg_update = {k: xp.asarray(np.asarray(v)) if isinstance(v, list) else v + for k, v in kwarg_update.items()} + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + cumulative_simpson(**dict(kwargs0, **kwarg_update)) + + def test_special_cases(self, xp): + # Test special cases not checked elsewhere + rng = np.random.default_rng(82456839535679456794) + y = xp.asarray(rng.random(size=10)) + res = cumulative_simpson(y, dx=0.) + xp_assert_equal(res, xp.zeros(9, dtype=xp.float64)) + + # Should add tests of: + # - all elements of `x` identical + # These should work as they do for `simpson` + + def _get_theoretical_diff_between_simps_and_cum_simps(self, y, x): + """`cumulative_simpson` and `simpson` can be tested against other to verify + they give consistent results. `simpson` will iteratively be called with + successively higher upper limits of integration. This function calculates + the theoretical correction required to `simpson` at even intervals to match + with `cumulative_simpson`. + """ + d = np.diff(x, axis=-1) + sub_integrals_h1 = _cumulative_simpson_unequal_intervals(y, d) + sub_integrals_h2 = _cumulative_simpson_unequal_intervals( + y[..., ::-1], d[..., ::-1] + )[..., ::-1] + + # Concatenate to build difference array + zeros_shape = (*y.shape[:-1], 1) + theoretical_difference = np.concatenate( + [ + np.zeros(zeros_shape), + (sub_integrals_h1[..., 1:] - sub_integrals_h2[..., :-1]), + np.zeros(zeros_shape), + ], + axis=-1, + ) + # Differences only expected at even intervals. Odd intervals will + # match exactly so there is no correction + theoretical_difference[..., 1::2] = 0.0 + # Note: the first interval will not match from this correction as + # `simpson` uses the trapezoidal rule + return theoretical_difference + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) + @pytest.mark.slow + @given( + y=hyp_num.arrays( + np.float64, + hyp_num.array_shapes(max_dims=4, min_side=3, max_side=10), + elements=st.floats(-10, 10, allow_nan=False).filter(lambda x: abs(x) > 1e-7) + ) + ) + def test_cumulative_simpson_against_simpson_with_default_dx( + self, y, xp + ): + """Theoretically, the output of `cumulative_simpson` will be identical + to `simpson` at all even indices and in the last index. The first index + will not match as `simpson` uses the trapezoidal rule when there are only two + data points. Odd indices after the first index are shown to match with + a mathematically-derived correction.""" + def simpson_reference(y): + return np.stack( + [simpson(y[..., :i], dx=1.0) for i in range(2, y.shape[-1]+1)], axis=-1, + ) + + res = cumulative_simpson(xp.asarray(y), dx=1.0) + ref = simpson_reference(y) + theoretical_difference = self._get_theoretical_diff_between_simps_and_cum_simps( + y, x=np.arange(y.shape[-1]) + ) + xp_assert_close( + res[..., 1:], xp.asarray(ref[..., 1:] + theoretical_difference[..., 1:]), + atol=1e-16 + ) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) + @pytest.mark.slow + @given( + y=hyp_num.arrays( + np.float64, + hyp_num.array_shapes(max_dims=4, min_side=3, max_side=10), + elements=st.floats(-10, 10, allow_nan=False).filter(lambda x: abs(x) > 1e-7) + ) + ) + def test_cumulative_simpson_against_simpson( + self, y, xp + ): + """Theoretically, the output of `cumulative_simpson` will be identical + to `simpson` at all even indices and in the last index. The first index + will not match as `simpson` uses the trapezoidal rule when there are only two + data points. Odd indices after the first index are shown to match with + a mathematically-derived correction.""" + interval = 10/(y.shape[-1] - 1) + x = np.linspace(0, 10, num=y.shape[-1]) + x[1:] = x[1:] + 0.2*interval*np.random.uniform(-1, 1, len(x) - 1) + + def simpson_reference(y, x): + return np.stack( + [simpson(y[..., :i], x=x[..., :i]) for i in range(2, y.shape[-1]+1)], + axis=-1, + ) + + res = cumulative_simpson(xp.asarray(y), x=xp.asarray(x)) + ref = simpson_reference(y, x) + theoretical_difference = self._get_theoretical_diff_between_simps_and_cum_simps( + y, x + ) + xp_assert_close( + res[..., 1:], xp.asarray(ref[..., 1:] + theoretical_difference[..., 1:]) + ) + + +@make_xp_test_case(integrate.lebedev_rule) +class TestLebedev: + def test_input_validation(self): + # only certain rules are available + message = "Order n=-1 not available..." + with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message): + integrate.lebedev_rule(-1) + + def test_quadrature(self): + # Test points/weights to integrate an example function + + def f(x): + return np.exp(x[0]) + + x, w = integrate.lebedev_rule(15) + res = w @ f(x) + ref = 14.7680137457653 # lebedev_rule reference [3] + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(np.sum(w), 4 * np.pi) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('order', list(range(3, 32, 2)) + list(range(35, 132, 6))) + def test_properties(self, order): + x, w = integrate.lebedev_rule(order) + # dispersion should be maximal; no clear spherical mean + with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'): + res = stats.directional_stats(x.T, axis=0) + assert_allclose(res.mean_resultant_length, 0, atol=1e-15) + # weights should sum to 4*pi (surface area of unit sphere) + assert_allclose(np.sum(w), 4*np.pi) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_tanhsinh.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_tanhsinh.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d0599586174387bbe3624f58edb6a1214fa7ec97 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/tests/test_tanhsinh.py @@ -0,0 +1,1158 @@ +# mypy: disable-error-code="attr-defined" +import os +import pytest +import math + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose + +import scipy._lib._elementwise_iterative_method as eim +from scipy._lib._array_api_no_0d import xp_assert_close, xp_assert_equal +from scipy._lib._array_api import (array_namespace, xp_size, xp_ravel, xp_copy, + is_numpy, make_xp_test_case) +from scipy import special, stats +from scipy.integrate import quad_vec, nsum, tanhsinh as _tanhsinh +from scipy.integrate._tanhsinh import _pair_cache +from scipy.special._ufuncs import _gen_harmonic + + +def norm_pdf(x, xp=None): + xp = array_namespace(x) if xp is None else xp + return 1/(2*xp.pi)**0.5 * xp.exp(-x**2/2) + + +def norm_logpdf(x, xp=None): + xp = array_namespace(x) if xp is None else xp + return -0.5*math.log(2*xp.pi) - x**2/2 + + +def _vectorize(xp): + # xp-compatible version of np.vectorize + # assumes arguments are all arrays of the same shape + def decorator(f): + def wrapped(*arg_arrays): + shape = arg_arrays[0].shape + arg_arrays = [xp_ravel(arg_array) for arg_array in arg_arrays] + res = [] + for i in range(math.prod(shape)): + arg_scalars = [arg_array[i] for arg_array in arg_arrays] + res.append(f(*arg_scalars)) + return res + + return wrapped + + return decorator + + +@make_xp_test_case(_tanhsinh) +class TestTanhSinh: + + # Test problems from [1] Section 6 + def f1(self, t): + return t * np.log(1 + t) + + f1.ref = 0.25 + f1.b = 1 + + def f2(self, t): + return t ** 2 * np.arctan(t) + + f2.ref = (np.pi - 2 + 2 * np.log(2)) / 12 + f2.b = 1 + + def f3(self, t): + return np.exp(t) * np.cos(t) + + f3.ref = (np.exp(np.pi / 2) - 1) / 2 + f3.b = np.pi / 2 + + def f4(self, t): + a = np.sqrt(2 + t ** 2) + return np.arctan(a) / ((1 + t ** 2) * a) + + f4.ref = 5 * np.pi ** 2 / 96 + f4.b = 1 + + def f5(self, t): + return np.sqrt(t) * np.log(t) + + f5.ref = -4 / 9 + f5.b = 1 + + def f6(self, t): + return np.sqrt(1 - t ** 2) + + f6.ref = np.pi / 4 + f6.b = 1 + + def f7(self, t): + return np.sqrt(t) / np.sqrt(1 - t ** 2) + + f7.ref = 2 * np.sqrt(np.pi) * special.gamma(3 / 4) / special.gamma(1 / 4) + f7.b = 1 + + def f8(self, t): + return np.log(t) ** 2 + + f8.ref = 2 + f8.b = 1 + + def f9(self, t): + return np.log(np.cos(t)) + + f9.ref = -np.pi * np.log(2) / 2 + f9.b = np.pi / 2 + + def f10(self, t): + return np.sqrt(np.tan(t)) + + f10.ref = np.pi * np.sqrt(2) / 2 + f10.b = np.pi / 2 + + def f11(self, t): + return 1 / (1 + t ** 2) + + f11.ref = np.pi / 2 + f11.b = np.inf + + def f12(self, t): + return np.exp(-t) / np.sqrt(t) + + f12.ref = np.sqrt(np.pi) + f12.b = np.inf + + def f13(self, t): + return np.exp(-t ** 2 / 2) + + f13.ref = np.sqrt(np.pi / 2) + f13.b = np.inf + + def f14(self, t): + return np.exp(-t) * np.cos(t) + + f14.ref = 0.5 + f14.b = np.inf + + def f15(self, t): + return np.sin(t) / t + + f15.ref = np.pi / 2 + f15.b = np.inf + + def error(self, res, ref, log=False, xp=None): + xp = array_namespace(res, ref) if xp is None else xp + err = abs(res - ref) + + if not log: + return err + + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + return xp.log10(err) + + def test_input_validation(self, xp): + f = self.f1 + + zero = xp.asarray(0) + f_b = xp.asarray(f.b) + + message = '`f` must be callable.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(42, zero, f_b) + + message = '...must be True or False.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, log=2) + + message = '...must be real numbers.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, xp.asarray(1+1j), f_b) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, atol='ekki') + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, rtol=pytest) + + message = '...must be non-negative and finite.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, rtol=-1) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, atol=xp.inf) + + message = '...may not be positive infinity.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, rtol=xp.inf, log=True) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, atol=xp.inf, log=True) + + message = '...must be integers.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, maxlevel=object()) + # with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): # unused for now + # _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, maxfun=1+1j) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, minlevel="migratory coconut") + + message = '...must be non-negative.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, maxlevel=-1) + # with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): # unused for now + # _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, maxfun=-1) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, minlevel=-1) + + message = '...must be True or False.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, preserve_shape=2) + + message = '...must be callable.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + _tanhsinh(f, zero, f_b, callback='elderberry') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("limits, ref", [ + [(0, math.inf), 0.5], # b infinite + [(-math.inf, 0), 0.5], # a infinite + [(-math.inf, math.inf), 1.], # a and b infinite + [(math.inf, -math.inf), -1.], # flipped limits + [(1, -1), stats.norm.cdf(-1.) - stats.norm.cdf(1.)], # flipped limits + ]) + def test_integral_transforms(self, limits, ref, xp): + # Check that the integral transforms are behaving for both normal and + # log integration + limits = [xp.asarray(limit) for limit in limits] + dtype = xp.asarray(float(limits[0])).dtype + ref = xp.asarray(ref, dtype=dtype) + + res = _tanhsinh(norm_pdf, *limits) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, ref) + + logres = _tanhsinh(norm_logpdf, *limits, log=True) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.integral), ref, check_dtype=False) + # Transformation should not make the result complex unnecessarily + assert (xp.isdtype(logres.integral.dtype, "real floating") if ref > 0 + else xp.isdtype(logres.integral.dtype, "complex floating")) + + atol = 2 * xp.finfo(res.error.dtype).eps + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.error), res.error, atol=atol, check_dtype=False) + + # 15 skipped intentionally; it's very difficult numerically + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends(np_only=True, + reason='Cumbersome to convert everything.') + @pytest.mark.parametrize('f_number', range(1, 15)) + def test_basic(self, f_number, xp): + f = getattr(self, f"f{f_number}") + rtol = 2e-8 + res = _tanhsinh(f, 0, f.b, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(res.integral, f.ref, rtol=rtol) + if f_number not in {7, 12, 14}: # mildly underestimates error here + true_error = abs(self.error(res.integral, f.ref)/res.integral) + assert true_error < res.error + + if f_number in {7, 10, 12}: # succeeds, but doesn't know it + return + + assert res.success + assert res.status == 0 + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends(np_only=True, + reason="Distributions aren't xp-compatible.") + @pytest.mark.parametrize('ref', (0.5, [0.4, 0.6])) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('case', stats._distr_params.distcont) + def test_accuracy(self, ref, case, xp): + distname, params = case + if distname in {'dgamma', 'dweibull', 'laplace', 'kstwo'}: + # should split up interval at first-derivative discontinuity + pytest.skip('tanh-sinh is not great for non-smooth integrands') + if (distname in {'studentized_range', 'levy_stable'} + and not int(os.getenv('SCIPY_XSLOW', 0))): + pytest.skip('This case passes, but it is too slow.') + dist = getattr(stats, distname)(*params) + x = dist.interval(ref) + res = _tanhsinh(dist.pdf, *x) + assert_allclose(res.integral, ref) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [tuple(), (12,), (3, 4), (3, 2, 2)]) + def test_vectorization(self, shape, xp): + # Test for correct functionality, output shapes, and dtypes for various + # input shapes. + rng = np.random.default_rng(82456839535679456794) + a = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + b = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + p = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape)) + n = math.prod(shape) + + def f(x, p): + f.ncall += 1 + f.feval += 1 if (xp_size(x) == n or x.ndim <= 1) else x.shape[-1] + return x**p + f.ncall = 0 + f.feval = 0 + + @_vectorize(xp) + def _tanhsinh_single(a, b, p): + return _tanhsinh(lambda x: x**p, a, b) + + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, args=(p,)) + refs = _tanhsinh_single(a, b, p) + + attrs = ['integral', 'error', 'success', 'status', 'nfev', 'maxlevel'] + for attr in attrs: + ref_attr = xp.stack([getattr(ref, attr) for ref in refs]) + res_attr = xp_ravel(getattr(res, attr)) + xp_assert_close(res_attr, ref_attr, rtol=1e-15) + assert getattr(res, attr).shape == shape + + assert xp.isdtype(res.success.dtype, 'bool') + assert xp.isdtype(res.status.dtype, 'integral') + assert xp.isdtype(res.nfev.dtype, 'integral') + assert xp.isdtype(res.maxlevel.dtype, 'integral') + assert xp.max(res.nfev) == f.feval + # maxlevel = 2 -> 3 function calls (2 initialization, 1 work) + assert xp.max(res.maxlevel) >= 2 + assert xp.max(res.maxlevel) == f.ncall + + def test_flags(self, xp): + # Test cases that should produce different status flags; show that all + # can be produced simultaneously. + def f(xs, js): + f.nit += 1 + funcs = [lambda x: xp.exp(-x**2), # converges + lambda x: xp.exp(x), # reaches maxiter due to order=2 + lambda x: xp.full_like(x, xp.nan)] # stops due to NaN + res = [] + for i in range(xp_size(js)): + x = xs[i, ...] + j = int(xp_ravel(js)[i]) + res.append(funcs[j](x)) + return xp.stack(res) + f.nit = 0 + + args = (xp.arange(3, dtype=xp.int64),) + a = xp.asarray([xp.inf]*3) + b = xp.asarray([-xp.inf] * 3) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=5, args=args) + ref_flags = xp.asarray([0, -2, -3], dtype=xp.int32) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, ref_flags) + + def test_flags_preserve_shape(self, xp): + # Same test as above but using `preserve_shape` option to simplify. + def f(x): + res = [xp.exp(-x[0]**2), # converges + xp.exp(x[1]), # reaches maxiter due to order=2 + xp.full_like(x[2], xp.nan)] # stops due to NaN + return xp.stack(res) + + a = xp.asarray([xp.inf] * 3) + b = xp.asarray([-xp.inf] * 3) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=5, preserve_shape=True) + ref_flags = xp.asarray([0, -2, -3], dtype=xp.int32) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, ref_flags) + + def test_preserve_shape(self, xp): + # Test `preserve_shape` option + def f(x, xp): + return xp.stack([xp.stack([x, xp.sin(10 * x)]), + xp.stack([xp.cos(30 * x), x * xp.sin(100 * x)])]) + + ref = quad_vec(lambda x: f(x, np), 0, 1) + res = _tanhsinh(lambda x: f(x, xp), xp.asarray(0), xp.asarray(1), + preserve_shape=True) + dtype = xp.asarray(0.).dtype + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(ref[0], dtype=dtype)) + + def test_convergence(self, xp): + # demonstrate that number of accurate digits doubles each iteration + dtype = xp.float64 # this only works with good precision + def f(t): + return t * xp.log(1 + t) + ref = xp.asarray(0.25, dtype=dtype) + a, b = xp.asarray(0., dtype=dtype), xp.asarray(1., dtype=dtype) + + last_logerr = 0 + for i in range(4): + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, minlevel=0, maxlevel=i) + logerr = self.error(res.integral, ref, log=True, xp=xp) + assert (logerr < last_logerr * 2 or logerr < -15.5) + last_logerr = logerr + + def test_options_and_result_attributes(self, xp): + # demonstrate that options are behaving as advertised and status + # messages are as intended + def f(x): + f.calls += 1 + f.feval += xp_size(xp.asarray(x)) + return x**2 * xp.atan(x) + + f.ref = xp.asarray((math.pi - 2 + 2 * math.log(2)) / 12, dtype=xp.float64) + + default_rtol = 1e-12 + default_atol = f.ref * default_rtol # effective default absolute tol + + # Keep things simpler by leaving tolerances fixed rather than + # having to make them dtype-dependent + a = xp.asarray(0., dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(1., dtype=xp.float64) + + # Test default options + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + ref = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + assert self.error(ref.integral, f.ref) < ref.error < default_atol + assert ref.nfev == f.feval + ref.calls = f.calls # reference number of function calls + assert ref.success + assert ref.status == 0 + + # Test `maxlevel` equal to required max level + # We should get all the same results + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + maxlevel = int(ref.maxlevel) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=maxlevel) + res.calls = f.calls + assert res == ref + + # Now reduce the maximum level. We won't meet tolerances. + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + maxlevel -= 1 + assert maxlevel >= 2 # can't compare errors otherwise + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=maxlevel) + assert self.error(res.integral, f.ref) < res.error > default_atol + assert res.nfev == f.feval < ref.nfev + assert f.calls == ref.calls - 1 + assert not res.success + assert res.status == eim._ECONVERR + + # `maxfun` is currently not enforced + + # # Test `maxfun` equal to required number of function evaluations + # # We should get all the same results + # f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # maxfun = ref.nfev + # res = _tanhsinh(f, 0, f.b, maxfun = maxfun) + # assert res == ref + # + # # Now reduce `maxfun`. We won't meet tolerances. + # f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # maxfun -= 1 + # res = _tanhsinh(f, 0, f.b, maxfun=maxfun) + # assert self.error(res.integral, f.ref) < res.error > default_atol + # assert res.nfev == f.feval < ref.nfev + # assert f.calls == ref.calls - 1 + # assert not res.success + # assert res.status == 2 + + # Take this result to be the new reference + ref = res + ref.calls = f.calls + + # Test `atol` + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # With this tolerance, we should get the exact same result as ref + atol = np.nextafter(float(ref.error), np.inf) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert res.integral == ref.integral + assert res.error == ref.error + assert res.nfev == f.feval == ref.nfev + assert f.calls == ref.calls + # Except the result is considered to be successful + assert res.success + assert res.status == 0 + + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # With a tighter tolerance, we should get a more accurate result + atol = np.nextafter(float(ref.error), -np.inf) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert self.error(res.integral, f.ref) < res.error < atol + assert res.nfev == f.feval > ref.nfev + assert f.calls > ref.calls + assert res.success + assert res.status == 0 + + # Test `rtol` + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # With this tolerance, we should get the exact same result as ref + rtol = np.nextafter(float(ref.error/ref.integral), np.inf) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=rtol) + assert res.integral == ref.integral + assert res.error == ref.error + assert res.nfev == f.feval == ref.nfev + assert f.calls == ref.calls + # Except the result is considered to be successful + assert res.success + assert res.status == 0 + + f.feval, f.calls = 0, 0 + # With a tighter tolerance, we should get a more accurate result + rtol = np.nextafter(float(ref.error/ref.integral), -np.inf) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=rtol) + assert self.error(res.integral, f.ref)/f.ref < res.error/res.integral < rtol + assert res.nfev == f.feval > ref.nfev + assert f.calls > ref.calls + assert res.success + assert res.status == 0 + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends('torch', reason= + 'https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/21149#issuecomment-2330477359', + ) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('rtol', [1e-4, 1e-14]) + def test_log(self, rtol, xp): + # Test equivalence of log-integration and regular integration + test_tols = dict(atol=1e-18, rtol=1e-15) + + # Positive integrand (real log-integrand) + a = xp.asarray(-1., dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(2., dtype=xp.float64) + res = _tanhsinh(norm_logpdf, a, b, log=True, rtol=math.log(rtol)) + ref = _tanhsinh(norm_pdf, a, b, rtol=rtol) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(res.integral), ref.integral, **test_tols) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(res.error), ref.error, **test_tols) + assert res.nfev == ref.nfev + + # Real integrand (complex log-integrand) + def f(x): + return -norm_logpdf(x)*norm_pdf(x) + + def logf(x): + return xp.log(norm_logpdf(x) + 0j) + norm_logpdf(x) + xp.pi * 1j + + a = xp.asarray(-xp.inf, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(xp.inf, dtype=xp.float64) + res = _tanhsinh(logf, a, b, log=True) + ref = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + # In gh-19173, we saw `invalid` warnings on one CI platform. + # Silencing `all` because I can't reproduce locally and don't want + # to risk the need to run CI again. + with np.errstate(all='ignore'): + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(res.integral), ref.integral, **test_tols, + check_dtype=False) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(res.error), ref.error, **test_tols, + check_dtype=False) + assert res.nfev == ref.nfev + + def test_complex(self, xp): + # Test integration of complex integrand + # Finite limits + def f(x): + return xp.exp(1j * x) + + a, b = xp.asarray(0.), xp.asarray(xp.pi/4) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + ref = math.sqrt(2)/2 + (1-math.sqrt(2)/2)*1j + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(ref)) + + # Infinite limits + def f(x): + return norm_pdf(x) + 1j/2*norm_pdf(x/2) + + a, b = xp.asarray(xp.inf), xp.asarray(-xp.inf) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(-(1+1j))) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("maxlevel", range(4)) + def test_minlevel(self, maxlevel, xp): + # Verify that minlevel does not change the values at which the + # integrand is evaluated or the integral/error estimates, only the + # number of function calls + + def f(x): + f.calls += 1 + f.feval += xp_size(xp.asarray(x)) + f.x = xp.concat((f.x, xp_ravel(x))) + return x**2 * xp.atan(x) + + f.feval, f.calls, f.x = 0, 0, xp.asarray([]) + + a = xp.asarray(0, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(1, dtype=xp.float64) + ref = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, minlevel=0, maxlevel=maxlevel) + ref_x = xp.sort(f.x) + + for minlevel in range(0, maxlevel + 1): + f.feval, f.calls, f.x = 0, 0, xp.asarray([]) + options = dict(minlevel=minlevel, maxlevel=maxlevel) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, **options) + # Should be very close; all that has changed is the order of values + xp_assert_close(res.integral, ref.integral, rtol=4e-16) + # Difference in absolute errors << magnitude of integral + xp_assert_close(res.error, ref.error, atol=4e-16 * ref.integral) + assert res.nfev == f.feval == f.x.shape[0] + assert f.calls == maxlevel - minlevel + 1 + 1 # 1 validation call + assert res.status == ref.status + xp_assert_equal(ref_x, xp.sort(f.x)) + + def test_improper_integrals(self, xp): + # Test handling of infinite limits of integration (mixed with finite limits) + def f(x): + x[xp.isinf(x)] = xp.nan + return xp.exp(-x**2) + a = xp.asarray([-xp.inf, 0, -xp.inf, xp.inf, -20, -xp.inf, -20]) + b = xp.asarray([xp.inf, xp.inf, 0, -xp.inf, 20, 20, xp.inf]) + ref = math.sqrt(math.pi) + ref = xp.asarray([ref, ref/2, ref/2, -ref, ref, ref, ref]) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, ref) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("limits", ((0, 3), ([-math.inf, 0], [3, 3]))) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ('float32', 'float64')) + def test_dtype(self, limits, dtype, xp): + # Test that dtypes are preserved + dtype = getattr(xp, dtype) + a, b = xp.asarray(limits, dtype=dtype) + + def f(x): + assert x.dtype == dtype + return xp.exp(x) + + rtol = 1e-12 if dtype == xp.float64 else 1e-5 + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=rtol) + assert res.integral.dtype == dtype + assert res.error.dtype == dtype + assert xp.all(res.success) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.exp(b)-xp.exp(a)) + + def test_maxiter_callback(self, xp): + # Test behavior of `maxiter` parameter and `callback` interface + a, b = xp.asarray(-xp.inf), xp.asarray(xp.inf) + def f(x): + return xp.exp(-x*x) + + minlevel, maxlevel = 0, 2 + maxiter = maxlevel - minlevel + 1 + kwargs = dict(minlevel=minlevel, maxlevel=maxlevel, rtol=1e-15) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, **kwargs) + assert not res.success + assert res.maxlevel == maxlevel + + def callback(res): + callback.iter += 1 + callback.res = res + assert hasattr(res, 'integral') + assert res.status == 1 + if callback.iter == maxiter: + raise StopIteration + callback.iter = -1 # callback called once before first iteration + callback.res = None + + del kwargs['maxlevel'] + res2 = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, **kwargs, callback=callback) + # terminating with callback is identical to terminating due to maxiter + # (except for `status`) + for key in res.keys(): + if key == 'status': + assert res[key] == -2 + assert res2[key] == -4 + else: + assert res2[key] == callback.res[key] == res[key] + + def test_jumpstart(self, xp): + # The intermediate results at each level i should be the same as the + # final results when jumpstarting at level i; i.e. minlevel=maxlevel=i + a = xp.asarray(-xp.inf, dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray(xp.inf, dtype=xp.float64) + + def f(x): + return xp.exp(-x*x) + + def callback(res): + callback.integrals.append(xp_copy(res.integral)[()]) + callback.errors.append(xp_copy(res.error)[()]) + callback.integrals = [] + callback.errors = [] + + maxlevel = 4 + _tanhsinh(f, a, b, minlevel=0, maxlevel=maxlevel, callback=callback) + + for i in range(maxlevel + 1): + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, minlevel=i, maxlevel=i) + xp_assert_close(callback.integrals[1+i], res.integral, rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(callback.errors[1+i], res.error, rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-16) + + def test_special_cases(self, xp): + # Test edge cases and other special cases + a, b = xp.asarray(0), xp.asarray(1) + + def f(x): + assert xp.isdtype(x.dtype, "real floating") + return x + + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b) + assert res.success + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(0.5)) + + # Test levels 0 and 1; error is NaN + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=0) + assert res.integral > 0 + xp_assert_equal(res.error, xp.asarray(xp.nan)) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, maxlevel=1) + assert res.integral > 0 + xp_assert_equal(res.error, xp.asarray(xp.nan)) + + # Test equal left and right integration limits + res = _tanhsinh(f, b, b) + assert res.success + assert res.maxlevel == -1 + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(0.)) + + # Test scalar `args` (not in tuple) + def f(x, c): + return x**c + + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, args=29) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(1/30)) + + # Test NaNs + a = xp.asarray([xp.nan, 0, 0, 0]) + b = xp.asarray([1, xp.nan, 1, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([1, 1, xp.nan, 1]) + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, args=(c,)) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray([xp.nan, xp.nan, xp.nan, 0.5])) + xp_assert_equal(res.error[:3], xp.full((3,), xp.nan)) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, xp.asarray([-3, -3, -3, 0], dtype=xp.int32)) + xp_assert_equal(res.success, xp.asarray([False, False, False, True])) + xp_assert_equal(res.nfev[:3], xp.full((3,), 1, dtype=xp.int32)) + + # Test complex integral followed by real integral + # Previously, h0 was of the result dtype. If the `dtype` were complex, + # this could lead to complex cached abscissae/weights. If these get + # cast to real dtype for a subsequent real integral, we would get a + # ComplexWarning. Check that this is avoided. + _pair_cache.xjc = xp.empty(0) + _pair_cache.wj = xp.empty(0) + _pair_cache.indices = [0] + _pair_cache.h0 = None + a, b = xp.asarray(0), xp.asarray(1) + res = _tanhsinh(lambda x: xp.asarray(x*1j), a, b) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(0.5*1j)) + res = _tanhsinh(lambda x: x, a, b) + xp_assert_close(res.integral, xp.asarray(0.5)) + + # Test zero-size + shape = (0, 3) + res = _tanhsinh(lambda x: x, xp.asarray(0), xp.zeros(shape)) + attrs = ['integral', 'error', 'success', 'status', 'nfev', 'maxlevel'] + for attr in attrs: + assert res[attr].shape == shape + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends(np_only=True) + def test_compress_nodes_weights_gh21496(self, xp): + # See discussion in: + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/21496#discussion_r1878681049 + # This would cause "ValueError: attempt to get argmax of an empty sequence" + # Check that this has been resolved. + x = np.full(65, 3) + x[-1] = 1000 + _tanhsinh(np.sin, 1, x) + + def test_gh_22681_finite_error(self, xp): + # gh-22681 noted a case in which the error was NaN on some platforms; + # check that this does in fact fail in CI. + c1 = complex(12, -10) + c2 = complex(12, 39) + def f(t): + return xp.sin(c1 * (1 - t) + c2 * t) + a, b = xp.asarray(0., dtype=xp.float64), xp.asarray(1., dtype=xp.float64) + ref = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, atol=0, rtol=0, maxlevel=10) + assert xp.isfinite(ref.error) + # Previously, tanhsinh would not detect convergence + res = _tanhsinh(f, a, b, rtol=1e-14) + assert res.success + assert res.maxlevel < 5 + xp_assert_close(res.integral, ref.integral, rtol=1e-15) + + +@make_xp_test_case(nsum) +class TestNSum: + rng = np.random.default_rng(5895448232066142650) + p = rng.uniform(1, 10, size=10).tolist() + + def f1(self, k): + # Integers are never passed to `f1`; if they were, we'd get + # integer to negative integer power error + return k**(-2) + + f1.ref = np.pi**2/6 + f1.a = 1 + f1.b = np.inf + f1.args = tuple() + + def f2(self, k, p): + return 1 / k**p + + f2.ref = special.zeta(p, 1) + f2.a = 1. + f2.b = np.inf + f2.args = (p,) + + def f3(self, k, p): + return 1 / k**p + + f3.a = 1 + f3.b = rng.integers(5, 15, size=(3, 1)) + f3.ref = _gen_harmonic(f3.b, p) + f3.args = (p,) + + def test_input_validation(self, xp): + f = self.f1 + a, b = xp.asarray(f.a), xp.asarray(f.b) + + message = '`f` must be callable.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(42, a, b) + + message = '...must be True or False.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, log=2) + + message = '...must be real numbers.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, xp.asarray(1+1j), b) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, xp.asarray(1+1j)) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, step=xp.asarray(1+1j)) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(atol='ekki')) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(rtol=pytest)) + + with (np.errstate(all='ignore')): + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray([np.nan, np.inf]), xp.asarray(1.)) + assert (res.status[0] == -1) and not res.success[0] + assert xp.isnan(res.sum[0]) and xp.isnan(res.error[0]) + assert (res.status[1] == 0) and res.success[1] + assert res.sum[1] == res.error[1] + assert xp.all(res.nfev[0] == 1) + + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(10.), xp.asarray([np.nan, 1])) + assert (res.status[0] == -1) and not res.success[0] + assert xp.isnan(res.sum[0]) and xp.isnan(res.error[0]) + assert (res.status[1] == 0) and res.success[1] + assert res.sum[1] == res.error[1] + assert xp.all(res.nfev[0] == 1) + + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(1.), xp.asarray(10.), + step=xp.asarray([xp.nan, -xp.inf, xp.inf, -1, 0])) + assert xp.all((res.status == -1) & xp.isnan(res.sum) + & xp.isnan(res.error) & ~res.success & res.nfev == 1) + + message = '...must be non-negative and finite.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(rtol=-1)) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(atol=np.inf)) + + message = '...may not be positive infinity.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(rtol=np.inf), log=True) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, tolerances=dict(atol=np.inf), log=True) + + message = '...must be a non-negative integer.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, maxterms=3.5) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + nsum(f, a, b, maxterms=-2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('f_number', range(1, 4)) + def test_basic(self, f_number, xp): + dtype = xp.asarray(1.).dtype + f = getattr(self, f"f{f_number}") + a, b = xp.asarray(f.a), xp.asarray(f.b), + args = tuple(xp.asarray(arg) for arg in f.args) + ref = xp.asarray(f.ref, dtype=dtype) + res = nsum(f, a, b, args=args) + xp_assert_close(res.sum, ref) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, xp.zeros(ref.shape, dtype=xp.int32)) + xp_assert_equal(res.success, xp.ones(ref.shape, dtype=xp.bool)) + + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + logres = nsum(lambda *args: xp.log(f(*args)), + a, b, log=True, args=args) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.sum), res.sum) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.error), res.error, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_equal(logres.status, res.status) + xp_assert_equal(logres.success, res.success) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('maxterms', [0, 1, 10, 20, 100]) + def test_integral(self, maxterms, xp): + # test precise behavior of integral approximation + f = self.f1 + + def logf(x): + return -2*xp.log(x) + + def F(x): + return -1 / x + + a = xp.asarray([1, 5], dtype=xp.float64)[:, xp.newaxis] + b = xp.asarray([20, 100, xp.inf], dtype=xp.float64)[:, xp.newaxis, xp.newaxis] + step = xp.asarray([0.5, 1, 2], dtype=xp.float64).reshape((-1, 1, 1, 1)) + nsteps = xp.floor((b - a)/step) + b_original = b + b = a + nsteps*step + + k = a + maxterms*step + # partial sum + direct = xp.sum(f(a + xp.arange(maxterms)*step), axis=-1, keepdims=True) + integral = (F(b) - F(k))/step # integral approximation of remainder + low = direct + integral + f(b) # theoretical lower bound + high = direct + integral + f(k) # theoretical upper bound + ref_sum = (low + high)/2 # nsum uses average of the two + ref_err = (high - low)/2 # error (assuming perfect quadrature) + + # correct reference values where number of terms < maxterms + a, b, step = xp.broadcast_arrays(a, b, step) + for i in np.ndindex(a.shape): + ai, bi, stepi = float(a[i]), float(b[i]), float(step[i]) + if (bi - ai)/stepi + 1 <= maxterms: + direct = xp.sum(f(xp.arange(ai, bi+stepi, stepi, dtype=xp.float64))) + ref_sum[i] = direct + ref_err[i] = direct * xp.finfo(direct.dtype).eps + + rtol = 1e-12 + res = nsum(f, a, b_original, step=step, maxterms=maxterms, + tolerances=dict(rtol=rtol)) + xp_assert_close(res.sum, ref_sum, rtol=10*rtol) + xp_assert_close(res.error, ref_err, rtol=100*rtol) + + i = ((b_original - a)/step + 1 <= maxterms) + xp_assert_close(res.sum[i], ref_sum[i], rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(res.error[i], ref_err[i], rtol=1e-15) + + logres = nsum(logf, a, b_original, step=step, log=True, + tolerances=dict(rtol=math.log(rtol)), maxterms=maxterms) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.sum), res.sum) + xp_assert_close(xp.exp(logres.error), res.error) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [tuple(), (12,), (3, 4), (3, 2, 2)]) + def test_vectorization(self, shape, xp): + # Test for correct functionality, output shapes, and dtypes for various + # input shapes. + rng = np.random.default_rng(82456839535679456794) + a = rng.integers(1, 10, size=shape) + # when the sum can be computed directly or `maxterms` is large enough + # to meet `atol`, there are slight differences (for good reason) + # between vectorized call and looping. + b = np.inf + p = rng.random(shape) + 1 + n = math.prod(shape) + + def f(x, p): + f.feval += 1 if (x.size == n or x.ndim <= 1) else x.shape[-1] + return 1 / x ** p + + f.feval = 0 + + @np.vectorize + def nsum_single(a, b, p, maxterms): + return nsum(lambda x: 1 / x**p, a, b, maxterms=maxterms) + + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(a), xp.asarray(b), maxterms=1000, + args=(xp.asarray(p),)) + refs = nsum_single(a, b, p, maxterms=1000).ravel() + + attrs = ['sum', 'error', 'success', 'status', 'nfev'] + for attr in attrs: + ref_attr = [xp.asarray(getattr(ref, attr)) for ref in refs] + res_attr = getattr(res, attr) + xp_assert_close(xp_ravel(res_attr), xp.asarray(ref_attr), rtol=1e-15) + assert res_attr.shape == shape + + assert xp.isdtype(res.success.dtype, 'bool') + assert xp.isdtype(res.status.dtype, 'integral') + assert xp.isdtype(res.nfev.dtype, 'integral') + if is_numpy(xp): # other libraries might have different number + assert int(xp.max(res.nfev)) == f.feval + + def test_status(self, xp): + f = self.f2 + + p = [2, 2, 0.9, 1.1, 2, 2] + a = xp.asarray([0, 0, 1, 1, 1, np.nan], dtype=xp.float64) + b = xp.asarray([10, np.inf, np.inf, np.inf, np.inf, np.inf], dtype=xp.float64) + ref = special.zeta(p, 1) + p = xp.asarray(p, dtype=xp.float64) + + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): # intentionally dividing by zero + res = nsum(f, a, b, args=(p,)) + + ref_success = xp.asarray([False, False, False, False, True, False]) + ref_status = xp.asarray([-3, -3, -2, -4, 0, -1], dtype=xp.int32) + xp_assert_equal(res.success, ref_success) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, ref_status) + xp_assert_close(res.sum[res.success], xp.asarray(ref)[res.success]) + + def test_nfev(self, xp): + def f(x): + f.nfev += xp_size(x) + return 1 / x**2 + + f.nfev = 0 + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(1), xp.asarray(10)) + assert res.nfev == f.nfev + + f.nfev = 0 + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(1), xp.asarray(xp.inf), tolerances=dict(atol=1e-6)) + assert res.nfev == f.nfev + + def test_inclusive(self, xp): + # There was an edge case off-by one bug when `_direct` was called with + # `inclusive=True`. Check that this is resolved. + a = xp.asarray([1, 4]) + b = xp.asarray(xp.inf) + res = nsum(lambda k: 1 / k ** 2, a, b, + maxterms=500, tolerances=dict(atol=0.1)) + ref = nsum(lambda k: 1 / k ** 2, a, b) + assert xp.all(res.sum > (ref.sum - res.error)) + assert xp.all(res.sum < (ref.sum + res.error)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('log', [True, False]) + def test_infinite_bounds(self, log, xp): + a = xp.asarray([1, -np.inf, -np.inf]) + b = xp.asarray([np.inf, -1, np.inf]) + c = xp.asarray([1, 2, 3]) + + def f(x, a): + return (xp.log(xp.tanh(a / 2)) - a*xp.abs(x) if log + else xp.tanh(a/2) * xp.exp(-a*xp.abs(x))) + + res = nsum(f, a, b, args=(c,), log=log) + ref = xp.asarray([stats.dlaplace.sf(0, 1), stats.dlaplace.sf(0, 2), 1]) + ref = xp.log(ref) if log else ref + atol = (1e-10 if a.dtype==xp.float64 else 1e-5) if log else 0 + xp_assert_close(res.sum, xp.asarray(ref, dtype=a.dtype), atol=atol) + + # # Make sure the sign of `x` passed into `f` is correct. + def f(x, c): + return -3*xp.log(c*x) if log else 1 / (c*x)**3 + + a = xp.asarray([1, -np.inf]) + b = xp.asarray([np.inf, -1]) + arg = xp.asarray([1, -1]) + res = nsum(f, a, b, args=(arg,), log=log) + ref = np.log(special.zeta(3)) if log else special.zeta(3) + xp_assert_close(res.sum, xp.full(a.shape, ref, dtype=a.dtype)) + + def test_decreasing_check(self, xp): + # Test accuracy when we start sum on an uphill slope. + # Without the decreasing check, the terms would look small enough to + # use the integral approximation. Because the function is not decreasing, + # the error is not bounded by the magnitude of the last term of the + # partial sum. In this case, the error would be ~1e-4, causing the test + # to fail. + def f(x): + return xp.exp(-x ** 2) + + a, b = xp.asarray(-25, dtype=xp.float64), xp.asarray(np.inf, dtype=xp.float64) + res = nsum(f, a, b) + + # Reference computed with mpmath: + # from mpmath import mp + # mp.dps = 50 + # def fmp(x): return mp.exp(-x**2) + # ref = mp.nsum(fmp, (-25, 0)) + mp.nsum(fmp, (1, mp.inf)) + ref = xp.asarray(1.772637204826652, dtype=xp.float64) + + xp_assert_close(res.sum, ref, rtol=1e-15) + + def test_special_case(self, xp): + # test equal lower/upper limit + f = self.f1 + a = b = xp.asarray(2) + res = nsum(f, a, b) + xp_assert_equal(res.sum, xp.asarray(f(2))) + + # Test scalar `args` (not in tuple) + res = nsum(self.f2, xp.asarray(1), xp.asarray(np.inf), args=xp.asarray(2)) + xp_assert_close(res.sum, xp.asarray(self.f1.ref)) # f1.ref is correct w/ args=2 + + # Test 0 size input + a = xp.empty((3, 1, 1)) # arbitrary broadcastable shapes + b = xp.empty((0, 1)) # could use Hypothesis + p = xp.empty(4) # but it's overkill + shape = np.broadcast_shapes(a.shape, b.shape, p.shape) + res = nsum(self.f2, a, b, args=(p,)) + assert res.sum.shape == shape + assert res.status.shape == shape + assert res.nfev.shape == shape + + # Test maxterms=0 + def f(x): + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + return 1 / x + + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(0), xp.asarray(10), maxterms=0) + assert xp.isinf(res.sum) + assert xp.isinf(res.error) + assert res.status == -2 + + res = nsum(f, xp.asarray(0), xp.asarray(10), maxterms=1) + assert xp.isnan(res.sum) + assert xp.isnan(res.error) + assert res.status == -3 + + # Test NaNs + # should skip both direct and integral methods if there are NaNs + a = xp.asarray([xp.nan, 1, 1, 1]) + b = xp.asarray([xp.inf, xp.nan, xp.inf, xp.inf]) + p = xp.asarray([2, 2, xp.nan, 2]) + res = nsum(self.f2, a, b, args=(p,)) + xp_assert_close(res.sum, xp.asarray([xp.nan, xp.nan, xp.nan, self.f1.ref])) + xp_assert_close(res.error[:3], xp.full((3,), xp.nan)) + xp_assert_equal(res.status, xp.asarray([-1, -1, -3, 0], dtype=xp.int32)) + xp_assert_equal(res.success, xp.asarray([False, False, False, True])) + # Ideally res.nfev[2] would be 1, but `tanhsinh` has some function evals + xp_assert_equal(res.nfev[:2], xp.full((2,), 1, dtype=xp.int32)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', ['float32', 'float64']) + def test_dtype(self, dtype, xp): + dtype = getattr(xp, dtype) + + def f(k): + assert k.dtype == dtype + return 1 / k ** xp.asarray(2, dtype=dtype) + + a = xp.asarray(1, dtype=dtype) + b = xp.asarray([10, xp.inf], dtype=dtype) + res = nsum(f, a, b) + assert res.sum.dtype == dtype + assert res.error.dtype == dtype + + rtol = 1e-12 if dtype == xp.float64 else 1e-6 + ref = [_gen_harmonic(10, 2), special.zeta(2, 1)] + xp_assert_close(res.sum, xp.asarray(ref, dtype=dtype), rtol=rtol) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('case', [(10, 100), (100, 10)]) + def test_nondivisible_interval(self, case, xp): + # When the limits of the sum are such that (b - a)/step + # is not exactly integral, check that only floor((b - a)/step) + # terms are included. + n, maxterms = case + + def f(k): + return 1 / k ** 2 + + a = np.e + step = 1 / 3 + b0 = a + n * step + i = np.arange(-2, 3) + b = b0 + i * np.spacing(b0) + ns = np.floor((b - a) / step) + assert len(set(ns)) == 2 + + a, b = xp.asarray(a, dtype=xp.float64), xp.asarray(b, dtype=xp.float64) + step, ns = xp.asarray(step, dtype=xp.float64), xp.asarray(ns, dtype=xp.float64) + res = nsum(f, a, b, step=step, maxterms=maxterms) + xp_assert_equal(xp.diff(ns) > 0, xp.diff(res.sum) > 0) + xp_assert_close(res.sum[-1], res.sum[0] + f(b0)) + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends(np_only=True, reason='Needs beta function.') + def test_logser_kurtosis_gh20648(self, xp): + # Some functions return NaN at infinity rather than 0 like they should. + # Check that this is accounted for. + ref = stats.yulesimon.moment(4, 5) + def f(x): + return stats.yulesimon._pmf(x, 5) * x**4 + + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + assert np.isnan(f(np.inf)) + + res = nsum(f, 1, np.inf) + assert_allclose(res.sum, ref) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/vode.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/vode.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f92927901084ce33cdeb006057d85dd501b13aae --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/integrate/vode.py @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="integrate", module="vode", + private_modules=["_vode"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/.___init__.py new file mode 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(:mod:`scipy.interpolate`) +======================================== + +.. currentmodule:: scipy.interpolate + +Sub-package for functions and objects used in interpolation. + +See the :ref:`user guide ` for recommendations on choosing a +routine, and other usage details. + + +Univariate interpolation +======================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + make_interp_spline + CubicSpline + PchipInterpolator + Akima1DInterpolator + FloaterHormannInterpolator + BarycentricInterpolator + KroghInterpolator + CubicHermiteSpline + +**Low-level data structures for univariate interpolation:** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + PPoly + BPoly + BSpline + + +Multivariate interpolation +========================== + +**Unstructured data** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + LinearNDInterpolator + NearestNDInterpolator + CloughTocher2DInterpolator + RBFInterpolator + +**For data on a grid:** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + RegularGridInterpolator + +.. seealso:: + + `scipy.ndimage.map_coordinates`, + :ref:`An example wrapper for map_coordinates ` + + +**Low-level data structures for tensor product polynomials and splines:** + + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + NdPPoly + NdBSpline + + +1-D spline smoothing and approximation +====================================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + make_lsq_spline + make_smoothing_spline + make_splrep + make_splprep + generate_knots + +Rational Approximation +====================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + AAA + + +Interfaces to FITPACK routines for 1D and 2D spline fitting +=========================================================== + +This section lists wrappers for `FITPACK `__ +functionality for 1D and 2D smoothing splines. In most cases, users are better off +using higher-level routines listed in previous sections. + + +1D FITPACK splines +------------------ + +This package provides two sets of functionally equivalent wrappers: object-oriented and +functional. + +**Functional FITPACK interface:** + + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + splrep + splprep + splev + splint + sproot + spalde + splder + splantider + insert + +**Object-oriented FITPACK interface:** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + UnivariateSpline + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline + LSQUnivariateSpline + + +2D FITPACK splines +------------------ + +**For data on a grid:** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + RectBivariateSpline + RectSphereBivariateSpline + +**For unstructured data (OOP interface):** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + BivariateSpline + SmoothBivariateSpline + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline + LSQBivariateSpline + LSQSphereBivariateSpline + +**For unstructured data (functional interface):** + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + bisplrep + bisplev + + +Additional tools +================ + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + lagrange + approximate_taylor_polynomial + pade + + interpn + griddata + barycentric_interpolate + krogh_interpolate + pchip_interpolate + Rbf + interp1d + interp2d + +.. seealso:: + + `scipy.ndimage.map_coordinates`, + `scipy.ndimage.spline_filter`, + +""" # noqa: E501 +from ._interpolate import * +from ._fitpack_py import * + +from ._fitpack2 import * + +from ._rbf import Rbf + +from ._rbfinterp import * + +from ._polyint import * + +from ._cubic import * + +from ._ndgriddata import * + +from ._bsplines import * +from ._fitpack_repro import generate_knots, make_splrep, make_splprep + +from ._pade import * + +from ._rgi import * + +from ._ndbspline import NdBSpline + +from ._bary_rational import * + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from . import fitpack, fitpack2, interpolate, ndgriddata, polyint, rbf, interpnd + +__all__ = [s for s in dir() if not s.startswith('_')] + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester + +# Backward compatibility +pchip = PchipInterpolator diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bary_rational.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bary_rational.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8129f98d83e8b07f006e6e23b0f99a2b35522e94 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bary_rational.py @@ -0,0 +1,748 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2017, The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University +# of Oxford, and the Chebfun Developers. All rights reserved. +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: +# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +# * Neither the name of the University of Oxford nor the names of its +# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from +# this software without specific prior written permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND +# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE +# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR +# ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES +# (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; +# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND +# ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT +# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS +# SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + +import warnings +import operator +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np +import scipy + + +__all__ = ["AAA", "FloaterHormannInterpolator"] + + +class _BarycentricRational: + """Base class for barycentric representation of a rational function.""" + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, x, y, axis=0, **kwargs): + self._axis = axis + + # input validation + z = np.asarray(x) + f = np.asarray(y) + + self._input_validation(z, f, **kwargs) + + f = np.moveaxis(f, self._axis, 0) + + # Remove infinite or NaN function values and repeated entries + to_keep = np.logical_and.reduce( + ((np.isfinite(f)) & (~np.isnan(f))).reshape(f.shape[0], -1), + axis=-1 + ) + f = f[to_keep, ...] + z = z[to_keep] + z, uni = np.unique(z, return_index=True) + f = f[uni, ...] + + self._shape = f.shape[1:] + self._support_points, self._support_values, self.weights = ( + self._compute_weights(z, f, **kwargs) + ) + + # only compute once + self._poles = None + self._residues = None + self._roots = None + + def _input_validation(self, x, y, **kwargs): + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`x` must be 1-D.") + + if not y.ndim >= 1: + raise ValueError("`y` must be at least 1-D.") + + if x.size != y.shape[self._axis]: + msg = f"`x` be of size {y.shape[self._axis]} but got size {x.size}." + raise ValueError(msg) + + if not np.all(np.isfinite(x)): + raise ValueError("`x` must be finite.") + + def _compute_weights(z, f, **kwargs): + raise NotImplementedError + + def __call__(self, z): + """Evaluate the rational approximation at given values. + + Parameters + ---------- + z : array_like + Input values. + """ + # evaluate rational function in barycentric form. + z = np.asarray(z) + zv = np.ravel(z) + + support_values = self._support_values.reshape( + (self._support_values.shape[0], -1) + ) + weights = self.weights[..., np.newaxis] + + # Cauchy matrix + # Ignore errors due to inf/inf at support points, these will be fixed later + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore", divide="ignore"): + CC = 1 / np.subtract.outer(zv, self._support_points) + # Vector of values + r = CC @ (weights * support_values) / (CC @ weights) + + # Deal with input inf: `r(inf) = lim r(z) = sum(w*f) / sum(w)` + if np.any(np.isinf(zv)): + r[np.isinf(zv)] = (np.sum(weights * support_values) + / np.sum(weights)) + + # Deal with NaN + ii = np.nonzero(np.isnan(r))[0] + for jj in ii: + if np.isnan(zv[jj]) or not np.any(zv[jj] == self._support_points): + # r(NaN) = NaN is fine. + # The second case may happen if `r(zv[ii]) = 0/0` at some point. + pass + else: + # Clean up values `NaN = inf/inf` at support points. + # Find the corresponding node and set entry to correct value: + r[jj] = support_values[zv[jj] == self._support_points].squeeze() + + res = np.reshape(r, z.shape + self._shape) + return np.moveaxis(res, 0, self._axis) if z.ndim > 0 else res + + def poles(self): + """Compute the poles of the rational approximation. + + Returns + ------- + poles : array + Poles of the approximation, repeated according to their multiplicity + but not in any specific order. + """ + if self._poles is None: + # Compute poles via generalized eigenvalue problem + m = self.weights.size + B = np.eye(m + 1, dtype=self.weights.dtype) + B[0, 0] = 0 + + E = np.zeros_like(B, dtype=np.result_type(self.weights, + self._support_points)) + E[0, 1:] = self.weights + E[1:, 0] = 1 + np.fill_diagonal(E[1:, 1:], self._support_points) + + pol = scipy.linalg.eigvals(E, B) + self._poles = pol[np.isfinite(pol)] + return self._poles + + def residues(self): + """Compute the residues of the poles of the approximation. + + Returns + ------- + residues : array + Residues associated with the `poles` of the approximation + """ + if self._support_values.ndim > 1: + raise NotImplementedError("Residues not implemented for multi-dimensional" + " data.") + if self._residues is None: + # Compute residues via formula for res of quotient of analytic functions + with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"): + N = (1/(np.subtract.outer(self.poles(), self._support_points))) @ ( + self._support_values * self.weights + ) + Ddiff = ( + -((1/np.subtract.outer(self.poles(), self._support_points))**2) + @ self.weights + ) + self._residues = N / Ddiff + return self._residues + + def roots(self): + """Compute the roots of the rational approximation. + + Returns + ------- + zeros : array + Zeros of the approximation, repeated according to their multiplicity + but not in any specific order. + """ + if self._support_values.ndim > 1: + raise NotImplementedError("Roots not implemented for multi-dimensional" + " data.") + if self._roots is None: + # Compute zeros via generalized eigenvalue problem + m = self.weights.size + B = np.eye(m + 1, dtype=self.weights.dtype) + B[0, 0] = 0 + E = np.zeros_like(B, dtype=np.result_type(self.weights, + self._support_values, + self._support_points)) + E[0, 1:] = self.weights * self._support_values + E[1:, 0] = 1 + np.fill_diagonal(E[1:, 1:], self._support_points) + + zer = scipy.linalg.eigvals(E, B) + self._roots = zer[np.isfinite(zer)] + return self._roots + + +class AAA(_BarycentricRational): + r""" + AAA real or complex rational approximation. + + As described in [1]_, the AAA algorithm is a greedy algorithm for approximation by + rational functions on a real or complex set of points. The rational approximation is + represented in a barycentric form from which the roots (zeros), poles, and residues + can be computed. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : 1D array_like, shape (n,) + 1-D array containing values of the independent variable. Values may be real or + complex but must be finite. + y : 1D array_like, shape (n,) + Function values ``f(x)``. Infinite and NaN values of `values` and + corresponding values of `points` will be discarded. + rtol : float, optional + Relative tolerance, defaults to ``eps**0.75``. If a small subset of the entries + in `values` are much larger than the rest the default tolerance may be too + loose. If the tolerance is too tight then the approximation may contain + Froissart doublets or the algorithm may fail to converge entirely. + max_terms : int, optional + Maximum number of terms in the barycentric representation, defaults to ``100``. + Must be greater than or equal to one. + clean_up : bool, optional + Automatic removal of Froissart doublets, defaults to ``True``. See notes for + more details. + clean_up_tol : float, optional + Poles with residues less than this number times the geometric mean + of `values` times the minimum distance to `points` are deemed spurious by the + cleanup procedure, defaults to 1e-13. See notes for more details. + + Attributes + ---------- + support_points : array + Support points of the approximation. These are a subset of the provided `x` at + which the approximation strictly interpolates `y`. + See notes for more details. + support_values : array + Value of the approximation at the `support_points`. + weights : array + Weights of the barycentric approximation. + errors : array + Error :math:`|f(z) - r(z)|_\infty` over `points` in the successive iterations + of AAA. + + Warns + ----- + RuntimeWarning + If `rtol` is not achieved in `max_terms` iterations. + + See Also + -------- + FloaterHormannInterpolator : Floater-Hormann barycentric rational interpolation. + pade : Padé approximation. + + Notes + ----- + At iteration :math:`m` (at which point there are :math:`m` terms in the both the + numerator and denominator of the approximation), the + rational approximation in the AAA algorithm takes the barycentric form + + .. math:: + + r(z) = n(z)/d(z) = + \frac{\sum_{j=1}^m\ w_j f_j / (z - z_j)}{\sum_{j=1}^m w_j / (z - z_j)}, + + where :math:`z_1,\dots,z_m` are real or complex support points selected from + `x`, :math:`f_1,\dots,f_m` are the corresponding real or complex data values + from `y`, and :math:`w_1,\dots,w_m` are real or complex weights. + + Each iteration of the algorithm has two parts: the greedy selection the next support + point and the computation of the weights. The first part of each iteration is to + select the next support point to be added :math:`z_{m+1}` from the remaining + unselected `x`, such that the nonlinear residual + :math:`|f(z_{m+1}) - n(z_{m+1})/d(z_{m+1})|` is maximised. The algorithm terminates + when this maximum is less than ``rtol * np.linalg.norm(f, ord=np.inf)``. This means + the interpolation property is only satisfied up to a tolerance, except at the + support points where approximation exactly interpolates the supplied data. + + In the second part of each iteration, the weights :math:`w_j` are selected to solve + the least-squares problem + + .. math:: + + \text{minimise}_{w_j}|fd - n| \quad \text{subject to} \quad + \sum_{j=1}^{m+1} w_j = 1, + + over the unselected elements of `x`. + + One of the challenges with working with rational approximations is the presence of + Froissart doublets, which are either poles with vanishingly small residues or + pole-zero pairs that are close enough together to nearly cancel, see [2]_. The + greedy nature of the AAA algorithm means Froissart doublets are rare. However, if + `rtol` is set too tight then the approximation will stagnate and many Froissart + doublets will appear. Froissart doublets can usually be removed by removing support + points and then resolving the least squares problem. The support point :math:`z_j`, + which is the closest support point to the pole :math:`a` with residue + :math:`\alpha`, is removed if the following is satisfied + + .. math:: + + |\alpha| / |z_j - a| < \verb|clean_up_tol| \cdot \tilde{f}, + + where :math:`\tilde{f}` is the geometric mean of `support_values`. + + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Y. Nakatsukasa, O. Sete, and L. N. Trefethen, "The AAA algorithm for + rational approximation", SIAM J. Sci. Comp. 40 (2018), A1494-A1522. + :doi:`10.1137/16M1106122` + .. [2] J. Gilewicz and M. Pindor, Pade approximants and noise: rational functions, + J. Comp. Appl. Math. 105 (1999), pp. 285-297. + :doi:`10.1016/S0377-0427(02)00674-X` + + Examples + -------- + + Here we reproduce a number of the numerical examples from [1]_ as a demonstration + of the functionality offered by this method. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import AAA + >>> import warnings + + For the first example we approximate the gamma function on ``[-3.5, 4.5]`` by + extrapolating from 100 samples in ``[-1.5, 1.5]``. + + >>> from scipy.special import gamma + >>> sample_points = np.linspace(-1.5, 1.5, num=100) + >>> r = AAA(sample_points, gamma(sample_points)) + >>> z = np.linspace(-3.5, 4.5, num=1000) + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(z, gamma(z), label="Gamma") + >>> ax.plot(sample_points, gamma(sample_points), label="Sample points") + >>> ax.plot(z, r(z).real, '--', label="AAA approximation") + >>> ax.set(xlabel="z", ylabel="r(z)", ylim=[-8, 8], xlim=[-3.5, 4.5]) + >>> ax.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + We can also view the poles of the rational approximation and their residues: + + >>> order = np.argsort(r.poles()) + >>> r.poles()[order] + array([-3.81591039e+00+0.j , -3.00269049e+00+0.j , + -1.99999988e+00+0.j , -1.00000000e+00+0.j , + 5.85842812e-17+0.j , 4.77485458e+00-3.06919376j, + 4.77485458e+00+3.06919376j, 5.29095868e+00-0.97373072j, + 5.29095868e+00+0.97373072j]) + >>> r.residues()[order] + array([ 0.03658074 +0.j , -0.16915426 -0.j , + 0.49999915 +0.j , -1. +0.j , + 1. +0.j , -0.81132013 -2.30193429j, + -0.81132013 +2.30193429j, 0.87326839+10.70148546j, + 0.87326839-10.70148546j]) + + For the second example, we call `AAA` with a spiral of 1000 points that wind 7.5 + times around the origin in the complex plane. + + >>> z = np.exp(np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5 + 15j*np.pi, 1000)) + >>> r = AAA(z, np.tan(np.pi*z/2), rtol=1e-13) + + We see that AAA takes 12 steps to converge with the following errors: + + >>> r.errors.size + 12 + >>> r.errors + array([2.49261500e+01, 4.28045609e+01, 1.71346935e+01, 8.65055336e-02, + 1.27106444e-02, 9.90889874e-04, 5.86910543e-05, 1.28735561e-06, + 3.57007424e-08, 6.37007837e-10, 1.67103357e-11, 1.17112299e-13]) + + We can also plot the computed poles: + + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(z.real, z.imag, '.', markersize=2, label="Sample points") + >>> ax.plot(r.poles().real, r.poles().imag, '.', markersize=5, + ... label="Computed poles") + >>> ax.set(xlim=[-3.5, 3.5], ylim=[-3.5, 3.5], aspect="equal") + >>> ax.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + We now demonstrate the removal of Froissart doublets using the `clean_up` method + using an example from [1]_. Here we approximate the function + :math:`f(z)=\log(2 + z^4)/(1 + 16z^4)` by sampling it at 1000 roots of unity. The + algorithm is run with ``rtol=0`` and ``clean_up=False`` to deliberately cause + Froissart doublets to appear. + + >>> z = np.exp(1j*2*np.pi*np.linspace(0,1, num=1000)) + >>> def f(z): + ... return np.log(2 + z**4)/(1 - 16*z**4) + >>> with warnings.catch_warnings(): # filter convergence warning due to rtol=0 + ... warnings.simplefilter('ignore', RuntimeWarning) + ... r = AAA(z, f(z), rtol=0, max_terms=50, clean_up=False) + >>> mask = np.abs(r.residues()) < 1e-13 + >>> fig, axs = plt.subplots(ncols=2) + >>> axs[0].plot(r.poles().real[~mask], r.poles().imag[~mask], '.') + >>> axs[0].plot(r.poles().real[mask], r.poles().imag[mask], 'r.') + + Now we call the `clean_up` method to remove Froissart doublets. + + >>> with warnings.catch_warnings(): + ... warnings.simplefilter('ignore', RuntimeWarning) + ... r.clean_up() + 4 # may vary + >>> mask = np.abs(r.residues()) < 1e-13 + >>> axs[1].plot(r.poles().real[~mask], r.poles().imag[~mask], '.') + >>> axs[1].plot(r.poles().real[mask], r.poles().imag[mask], 'r.') + >>> plt.show() + + The left image shows the poles prior of the approximation ``clean_up=False`` with + poles with residue less than ``10^-13`` in absolute value shown in red. The right + image then shows the poles after the `clean_up` method has been called. + """ + def __init__(self, x, y, *, rtol=None, max_terms=100, clean_up=True, + clean_up_tol=1e-13): + super().__init__(x, y, rtol=rtol, max_terms=max_terms) + + if clean_up: + self.clean_up(clean_up_tol) + + def _input_validation(self, x, y, rtol=None, max_terms=100, clean_up=True, + clean_up_tol=1e-13): + max_terms = operator.index(max_terms) + if max_terms < 1: + raise ValueError("`max_terms` must be an integer value greater than or " + "equal to one.") + + if y.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`y` must be 1-D.") + + super()._input_validation(x, y) + + @property + def support_points(self): + return self._support_points + + @property + def support_values(self): + return self._support_values + + def _compute_weights(self, z, f, rtol, max_terms): + # Initialization for AAA iteration + M = np.size(z) + mask = np.ones(M, dtype=np.bool_) + dtype = np.result_type(z, f, 1.0) + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps**0.75 if rtol is None else rtol + atol = rtol * np.linalg.norm(f, ord=np.inf) + zj = np.empty(max_terms, dtype=dtype) + fj = np.empty(max_terms, dtype=dtype) + # Cauchy matrix + C = np.empty((M, max_terms), dtype=dtype) + # Loewner matrix + A = np.empty((M, max_terms), dtype=dtype) + errors = np.empty(max_terms, dtype=A.real.dtype) + R = np.repeat(np.mean(f), M) + ill_conditioned = False + ill_conditioned_tol = 1/(3*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + # AAA iteration + for m in range(max_terms): + # Introduce next support point + # Select next support point + jj = np.argmax(np.abs(f[mask] - R[mask])) + # Update support points + zj[m] = z[mask][jj] + # Update data values + fj[m] = f[mask][jj] + # Next column of Cauchy matrix + # Ignore errors as we manually interpolate at support points + with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"): + C[:, m] = 1 / (z - z[mask][jj]) + # Update mask + mask[np.nonzero(mask)[0][jj]] = False + # Update Loewner matrix + # Ignore errors as inf values will be masked out in SVD call + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + A[:, m] = (f - fj[m]) * C[:, m] + + # Compute weights + rows = mask.sum() + if rows >= m + 1: + # The usual tall-skinny case + if not ill_conditioned: + _, s, V = scipy.linalg.svd( + A[mask, : m + 1], full_matrices=False, check_finite=False, + ) + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore", divide="ignore"): + if s[0]/s[-1] > ill_conditioned_tol: + ill_conditioned = True + if ill_conditioned: + col_norm = np.linalg.norm(A[mask, : m + 1], axis=0) + _, s, V = scipy.linalg.svd( + A[mask, : m + 1]/col_norm, full_matrices=False, + check_finite=False, + ) + # Treat case of multiple min singular values + mm = s == np.min(s) + # Aim for non-sparse weight vector + wj = (V.conj()[mm, :].sum(axis=0) / np.sqrt(mm.sum())).astype(dtype) + if ill_conditioned: + wj /= col_norm + else: + # Fewer rows than columns + V = scipy.linalg.null_space(A[mask, : m + 1], check_finite=False) + nm = V.shape[-1] + # Aim for non-sparse wt vector + wj = V.sum(axis=-1) / np.sqrt(nm) + + # Compute rational approximant + # Omit columns with `wj == 0` + i0 = wj != 0 + # Ignore errors as we manually interpolate at support points + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + # Numerator + N = C[:, : m + 1][:, i0] @ (wj[i0] * fj[: m + 1][i0]) + # Denominator + D = C[:, : m + 1][:, i0] @ wj[i0] + # Interpolate at support points with `wj !=0` + D_inf = np.isinf(D) | np.isnan(D) + D[D_inf] = 1 + N[D_inf] = f[D_inf] + R = N / D + + # Check if converged + max_error = np.linalg.norm(f - R, ord=np.inf) + errors[m] = max_error + if max_error <= atol: + break + + if m == max_terms - 1: + warnings.warn(f"AAA failed to converge within {max_terms} iterations.", + RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2) + + # Trim off unused array allocation + zj = zj[: m + 1] + fj = fj[: m + 1] + + # Remove support points with zero weight + i_non_zero = wj != 0 + self.errors = errors[: m + 1] + self._points = z + self._values = f + return zj[i_non_zero], fj[i_non_zero], wj[i_non_zero] + + def clean_up(self, cleanup_tol=1e-13): + """Automatic removal of Froissart doublets. + + Parameters + ---------- + cleanup_tol : float, optional + Poles with residues less than this number times the geometric mean + of `values` times the minimum distance to `points` are deemed spurious by + the cleanup procedure, defaults to 1e-13. + + Returns + ------- + int + Number of Froissart doublets detected + """ + # Find negligible residues + geom_mean_abs_f = scipy.stats.gmean(np.abs(self._values)) + + Z_distances = np.min( + np.abs(np.subtract.outer(self.poles(), self._points)), axis=1 + ) + + with np.errstate(divide="ignore", invalid="ignore"): + ii = np.nonzero( + np.abs(self.residues()) / Z_distances < cleanup_tol * geom_mean_abs_f + ) + + ni = ii[0].size + if ni == 0: + return ni + + warnings.warn(f"{ni} Froissart doublets detected.", RuntimeWarning, + stacklevel=2) + + # For each spurious pole find and remove closest support point + closest_spt_point = np.argmin( + np.abs(np.subtract.outer(self._support_points, self.poles()[ii])), axis=0 + ) + self._support_points = np.delete(self._support_points, closest_spt_point) + self._support_values = np.delete(self._support_values, closest_spt_point) + + # Remove support points z from sample set + mask = np.logical_and.reduce( + np.not_equal.outer(self._points, self._support_points), axis=1 + ) + f = self._values[mask] + z = self._points[mask] + + # recompute weights, we resolve the least squares problem for the remaining + # support points + + m = self._support_points.size + + # Cauchy matrix + C = 1 / np.subtract.outer(z, self._support_points) + # Loewner matrix + A = f[:, np.newaxis] * C - C * self._support_values + + # Solve least-squares problem to obtain weights + _, _, V = scipy.linalg.svd(A, check_finite=False) + self.weights = np.conj(V[m - 1,:]) + + # reset roots, poles, residues as cached values will be wrong with new weights + self._poles = None + self._residues = None + self._roots = None + + return ni + + +class FloaterHormannInterpolator(_BarycentricRational): + r"""Floater-Hormann barycentric rational interpolator (C∞ smooth on real axis). + + As described in [1]_, the method of Floater and Hormann computes weights for a + barycentric rational interpolant with no poles on the real axis. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : 1D array_like, shape (n,) + 1-D array containing values of the independent variable. Values may be real or + complex but must be finite. + y : array_like, shape (n, ...) + Array containing values of the dependent variable. Infinite and NaN values + of `y` and corresponding values of `x` will be discarded. + d : int, default: 3 + Integer satisfying ``0 <= d < n``. Floater-Hormann interpolation blends + ``n - d`` polynomials of degree `d` together; for ``d = n - 1``, this is + equivalent to polynomial interpolation. + axis : int, default: 0 + Axis of `y` corresponding to `x`. + + Attributes + ---------- + weights : array + Weights of the barycentric approximation. + + See Also + -------- + AAA : Barycentric rational approximation of real and complex functions. + pade : Padé approximation. + + Notes + ----- + The Floater-Hormann interpolant is a rational function that interpolates the data + with approximation order :math:`O(h^{d+1})`. The rational function blends ``n - d`` + polynomials of degree `d` together to produce a rational interpolant that contains + no poles on the real axis, unlike `AAA`. The interpolant is given + by + + .. math:: + + r(x) = \frac{\sum_{i=0}^{n-d} \lambda_i(x) p_i(x)} + {\sum_{i=0}^{n-d} \lambda_i(x)}, + + where :math:`p_i(x)` is an interpolating polynomial of at most degree `d` through + the points :math:`(x_i,y_i),\dots,(x_{i+d},y_{i+d})`, and :math:`\lambda_i(z)` are + blending functions defined by + + .. math:: + + \lambda_i(x) = \frac{(-1)^i}{(x - x_i)\cdots(x - x_{i+d})}. + + When ``d = n - 1`` this reduces to polynomial interpolation. + + Due to its stability, the following barycentric representation of the above equation + is used for computation + + .. math:: + + r(z) = \frac{\sum_{k=1}^m\ w_k f_k / (x - x_k)}{\sum_{k=1}^m w_k / (x - x_k)}, + + where the weights :math:`w_j` are computed as + + .. math:: + + w_k &= (-1)^{k - d} \sum_{i \in J_k} \prod_{j = i, j \neq k}^{i + d} + 1/|x_k - x_j|, \\ + J_k &= \{ i \in I: k - d \leq i \leq k\},\\ + I &= \{0, 1, \dots, n - d\}. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] M.S. Floater and K. Hormann, "Barycentric rational interpolation with no + poles and high rates of approximation", Numer. Math. 107, 315 (2007). + :doi:`10.1007/s00211-007-0093-y` + + Examples + -------- + + Here we compare the method against polynomial interpolation for an example where + the polynomial interpolation fails due to Runge's phenomenon. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import (FloaterHormannInterpolator, + ... BarycentricInterpolator) + >>> def f(x): + ... return 1/(1 + x**2) + >>> x = np.linspace(-5, 5, num=15) + >>> r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, f(x)) + >>> p = BarycentricInterpolator(x, f(x)) + >>> xx = np.linspace(-5, 5, num=1000) + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(xx, f(xx), label="f(x)") + >>> ax.plot(xx, r(xx), "--", label="Floater-Hormann") + >>> ax.plot(xx, p(xx), "--", label="Polynomial") + >>> ax.legend() + >>> plt.show() + """ + def __init__(self, points, values, *, d=3, axis=0): + super().__init__(points, values, d=d, axis=axis) + + def _input_validation(self, x, y, d): + d = operator.index(d) + if not (0 <= d < len(x)): + raise ValueError("`d` must satisfy 0 <= d < n") + + super()._input_validation(x, y) + + def _compute_weights(self, z, f, d): + # Floater and Hormann 2007 Eqn. (18) 3 equations later + w = np.zeros_like(z, dtype=np.result_type(z, 1.0)) + n = w.size + for k in range(n): + for i in range(max(k-d, 0), min(k+1, n-d)): + w[k] += 1/np.prod(np.abs(np.delete(z[k] - z[i : i + d + 1], k - i))) + w *= (-1.)**(np.arange(n) - d) + + return z, f, w diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bsplines.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bsplines.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa317a1deefff6f8b5c4b22e28fb5f979d0fb97a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_bsplines.py @@ -0,0 +1,2614 @@ +import operator +from math import prod +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib._util import normalize_axis_index +from scipy.linalg import (get_lapack_funcs, LinAlgError, + cholesky_banded, cho_solve_banded, + solve, solve_banded) +from scipy.optimize import minimize_scalar +from . import _dierckx +from . import _fitpack_impl +from scipy.sparse import csr_array +from scipy.special import poch +from itertools import combinations + +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, concat_1d, xp_capabilities + +__all__ = ["BSpline", "make_interp_spline", "make_lsq_spline", + "make_smoothing_spline"] + + +def _get_dtype(dtype): + """Return np.complex128 for complex dtypes, np.float64 otherwise.""" + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + return np.complex128 + else: + return np.float64 + + +def _as_float_array(x, check_finite=False): + """Convert the input into a C contiguous float array. + + NB: Upcasts half- and single-precision floats to double precision. + """ + x = np.ascontiguousarray(x) + dtyp = _get_dtype(x.dtype) + x = x.astype(dtyp, copy=False) + if check_finite and not np.isfinite(x).all(): + raise ValueError("Array must not contain infs or nans.") + return x + + +def _dual_poly(j, k, t, y): + """ + Dual polynomial of the B-spline B_{j,k,t} - + polynomial which is associated with B_{j,k,t}: + $p_{j,k}(y) = (y - t_{j+1})(y - t_{j+2})...(y - t_{j+k})$ + """ + if k == 0: + return 1 + return np.prod([(y - t[j + i]) for i in range(1, k + 1)]) + + +def _diff_dual_poly(j, k, y, d, t): + """ + d-th derivative of the dual polynomial $p_{j,k}(y)$ + """ + if d == 0: + return _dual_poly(j, k, t, y) + if d == k: + return poch(1, k) + comb = list(combinations(range(j + 1, j + k + 1), d)) + res = 0 + for i in range(len(comb) * len(comb[0])): + res += np.prod([(y - t[j + p]) for p in range(1, k + 1) + if (j + p) not in comb[i//d]]) + return res + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class BSpline: + r"""Univariate spline in the B-spline basis. + + .. math:: + + S(x) = \sum_{j=0}^{n-1} c_j B_{j, k; t}(x) + + where :math:`B_{j, k; t}` are B-spline basis functions of degree `k` + and knots `t`. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : ndarray, shape (n+k+1,) + knots + c : ndarray, shape (>=n, ...) + spline coefficients + k : int + B-spline degree + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + whether to extrapolate beyond the base interval, ``t[k] .. t[n]``, + or to return nans. + If True, extrapolates the first and last polynomial pieces of b-spline + functions active on the base interval. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + Default is True. + axis : int, optional + Interpolation axis. Default is zero. + + Attributes + ---------- + t : ndarray + knot vector + c : ndarray + spline coefficients + k : int + spline degree + extrapolate : bool + If True, extrapolates the first and last polynomial pieces of b-spline + functions active on the base interval. + axis : int + Interpolation axis. + tck : tuple + A read-only equivalent of ``(self.t, self.c, self.k)`` + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + basis_element + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + insert_knot + construct_fast + design_matrix + from_power_basis + + Notes + ----- + B-spline basis elements are defined via + + .. math:: + + B_{i, 0}(x) = 1, \textrm{if $t_i \le x < t_{i+1}$, otherwise $0$,} + + B_{i, k}(x) = \frac{x - t_i}{t_{i+k} - t_i} B_{i, k-1}(x) + + \frac{t_{i+k+1} - x}{t_{i+k+1} - t_{i+1}} B_{i+1, k-1}(x) + + **Implementation details** + + - At least ``k+1`` coefficients are required for a spline of degree `k`, + so that ``n >= k+1``. Additional coefficients, ``c[j]`` with + ``j > n``, are ignored. + + - B-spline basis elements of degree `k` form a partition of unity on the + *base interval*, ``t[k] <= x <= t[n]``. + + + Examples + -------- + Translating the recursive definition of B-splines into Python code, we have: + + >>> def B(x, k, i, t): + ... if k == 0: + ... return 1.0 if t[i] <= x < t[i+1] else 0.0 + ... if t[i+k] == t[i]: + ... c1 = 0.0 + ... else: + ... c1 = (x - t[i])/(t[i+k] - t[i]) * B(x, k-1, i, t) + ... if t[i+k+1] == t[i+1]: + ... c2 = 0.0 + ... else: + ... c2 = (t[i+k+1] - x)/(t[i+k+1] - t[i+1]) * B(x, k-1, i+1, t) + ... return c1 + c2 + + >>> def bspline(x, t, c, k): + ... n = len(t) - k - 1 + ... assert (n >= k+1) and (len(c) >= n) + ... return sum(c[i] * B(x, k, i, t) for i in range(n)) + + Note that this is an inefficient (if straightforward) way to + evaluate B-splines --- this spline class does it in an equivalent, + but much more efficient way. + + Here we construct a quadratic spline function on the base interval + ``2 <= x <= 4`` and compare with the naive way of evaluating the spline: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline + >>> k = 2 + >>> t = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] + >>> c = [-1, 2, 0, -1] + >>> spl = BSpline(t, c, k) + >>> spl(2.5) + array(1.375) + >>> bspline(2.5, t, c, k) + 1.375 + + Note that outside of the base interval results differ. This is because + `BSpline` extrapolates the first and last polynomial pieces of B-spline + functions active on the base interval. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> import numpy as np + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> xx = np.linspace(1.5, 4.5, 50) + >>> ax.plot(xx, [bspline(x, t, c ,k) for x in xx], 'r-', lw=3, label='naive') + >>> ax.plot(xx, spl(xx), 'b-', lw=4, alpha=0.7, label='BSpline') + >>> ax.grid(True) + >>> ax.legend(loc='best') + >>> plt.show() + + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Tom Lyche and Knut Morken, Spline methods, + http://www.uio.no/studier/emner/matnat/ifi/INF-MAT5340/v05/undervisningsmateriale/ + .. [2] Carl de Boor, A practical guide to splines, Springer, 2001. + + """ + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + + def __init__(self, t, c, k, extrapolate=True, axis=0): + super().__init__() + + self._asarray = array_namespace(c, t).asarray + + self.k = operator.index(k) + self._c = np.asarray(c) + self._t = np.ascontiguousarray(t, dtype=np.float64) + + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + else: + self.extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + n = self._t.shape[0] - self.k - 1 + + axis = normalize_axis_index(axis, self._c.ndim) + + # Note that the normalized axis is stored in the object. + self.axis = axis + if axis != 0: + # roll the interpolation axis to be the first one in self.c + # More specifically, the target shape for self.c is (n, ...), + # and axis !=0 means that we have c.shape (..., n, ...) + # ^ + # axis + self._c = np.moveaxis(self._c, axis, 0) + + if k < 0: + raise ValueError("Spline order cannot be negative.") + if self._t.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("Knot vector must be one-dimensional.") + if n < self.k + 1: + raise ValueError(f"Need at least {2*k + 2} knots for degree {k}") + if (np.diff(self._t) < 0).any(): + raise ValueError("Knots must be in a non-decreasing order.") + if len(np.unique(self._t[k:n+1])) < 2: + raise ValueError("Need at least two internal knots.") + if not np.isfinite(self._t).all(): + raise ValueError("Knots should not have nans or infs.") + if self._c.ndim < 1: + raise ValueError("Coefficients must be at least 1-dimensional.") + if self._c.shape[0] < n: + raise ValueError("Knots, coefficients and degree are inconsistent.") + + dt = _get_dtype(self._c.dtype) + + self._c = np.ascontiguousarray(self._c, dtype=dt) + + @classmethod + def construct_fast(cls, t, c, k, extrapolate=True, axis=0): + """Construct a spline without making checks. + + Accepts same parameters as the regular constructor. Input arrays + `t` and `c` must of correct shape and dtype. + """ + self = object.__new__(cls) + self._t, self._c, self.k = np.asarray(t), np.asarray(c), k + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + self.axis = axis + self._asarray = array_namespace(t, c).asarray + return self + + @property + def tck(self): + """Equivalent to ``(self.t, self.c, self.k)`` (read-only). + """ + return self.t, self.c, self.k + + # Under the hood, self._c and self._t are always saved as numpy array + # because they are used in a C extension expecting numpy arrays. + @property + def t(self): + return self._asarray(self._t) + + @t.setter + def t(self, t): + self._t = np.asarray(t) + + @property + def c(self): + return self._asarray(self._c) + + @c.setter + def c(self, c): + self._c = np.asarray(c) + + @classmethod + def basis_element(cls, t, extrapolate=True): + """Return a B-spline basis element ``B(x | t[0], ..., t[k+1])``. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : ndarray, shape (k+2,) + internal knots + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + whether to extrapolate beyond the base interval, ``t[0] .. t[k+1]``, + or to return nans. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + Default is True. + + Returns + ------- + basis_element : callable + A callable representing a B-spline basis element for the knot + vector `t`. + + Notes + ----- + The degree of the B-spline, `k`, is inferred from the length of `t` as + ``len(t)-2``. The knot vector is constructed by appending and prepending + ``k+1`` elements to internal knots `t`. + + Examples + -------- + Construct a cubic B-spline: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline + >>> b = BSpline.basis_element([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) + >>> k = b.k + >>> b.t[k:-k] + array([ 0., 1., 2., 3., 4.]) + >>> k + 3 + + Construct a quadratic B-spline on ``[0, 1, 1, 2]``, and compare + to its explicit form: + + >>> t = [0, 1, 1, 2] + >>> b = BSpline.basis_element(t) + >>> def f(x): + ... return np.where(x < 1, x*x, (2. - x)**2) + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 2, 51) + >>> ax.plot(x, b(x), 'g', lw=3) + >>> ax.plot(x, f(x), 'r', lw=8, alpha=0.4) + >>> ax.grid(True) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + xp = array_namespace(t) + t = np.asarray(t) + k = t.shape[0] - 2 + t = _as_float_array(t) # TODO: use concat_1d instead of np.r_ + t = np.r_[(t[0]-1,) * k, t, (t[-1]+1,) * k] + c = np.zeros_like(t) + c[k] = 1. + + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return cls.construct_fast(t, c, k, extrapolate) + + @classmethod + def design_matrix(cls, x, t, k, extrapolate=False): + """ + Returns a design matrix as a CSR format sparse array. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + Points to evaluate the spline at. + t : array_like, shape (nt,) + Sorted 1D array of knots. + k : int + B-spline degree. + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + Whether to extrapolate based on the first and last intervals + or raise an error. If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + Default is False. + + .. versionadded:: 1.10.0 + + Returns + ------- + design_matrix : `csr_array` object + Sparse matrix in CSR format where each row contains all the basis + elements of the input row (first row = basis elements of x[0], + ..., last row = basis elements x[-1]). + + Examples + -------- + Construct a design matrix for a B-spline + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import make_interp_spline, BSpline + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.linspace(0, np.pi * 2, 4) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> k = 3 + >>> bspl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + >>> design_matrix = bspl.design_matrix(x, bspl.t, k) + >>> design_matrix.toarray() + [[1. , 0. , 0. , 0. ], + [0.2962963 , 0.44444444, 0.22222222, 0.03703704], + [0.03703704, 0.22222222, 0.44444444, 0.2962963 ], + [0. , 0. , 0. , 1. ]] + + Construct a design matrix for some vector of knots + + >>> k = 2 + >>> t = [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] + >>> x = [1, 2, 3, 4] + >>> design_matrix = BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k).toarray() + >>> design_matrix + [[0.5, 0.5, 0. , 0. , 0. ], + [0. , 0.5, 0.5, 0. , 0. ], + [0. , 0. , 0.5, 0.5, 0. ], + [0. , 0. , 0. , 0.5, 0.5]] + + This result is equivalent to the one created in the sparse format + + >>> c = np.eye(len(t) - k - 1) + >>> design_matrix_gh = BSpline(t, c, k)(x) + >>> np.allclose(design_matrix, design_matrix_gh, atol=1e-14) + True + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 1.8.0 + + In each row of the design matrix all the basis elements are evaluated + at the certain point (first row - x[0], ..., last row - x[-1]). + + `nt` is a length of the vector of knots: as far as there are + `nt - k - 1` basis elements, `nt` should be not less than `2 * k + 2` + to have at least `k + 1` basis element. + + Out of bounds `x` raises a ValueError. + """ + x = _as_float_array(x, True) + t = _as_float_array(t, True) + + if extrapolate != 'periodic': + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + if k < 0: + raise ValueError("Spline order cannot be negative.") + if t.ndim != 1 or np.any(t[1:] < t[:-1]): + raise ValueError(f"Expect t to be a 1-D sorted array_like, but " + f"got t={t}.") + # There are `nt - k - 1` basis elements in a BSpline built on the + # vector of knots with length `nt`, so to have at least `k + 1` basis + # elements we need to have at least `2 * k + 2` elements in the vector + # of knots. + if len(t) < 2 * k + 2: + raise ValueError(f"Length t is not enough for k={k}.") + + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + # With periodic extrapolation we map x to the segment + # [t[k], t[n]]. + n = t.size - k - 1 + x = t[k] + (x - t[k]) % (t[n] - t[k]) + extrapolate = False + elif not extrapolate and ( + (min(x) < t[k]) or (max(x) > t[t.shape[0] - k - 1]) + ): + # Checks from `find_interval` function + raise ValueError(f'Out of bounds w/ x = {x}.') + + # Compute number of non-zeros of final CSR array in order to determine + # the dtype of indices and indptr of the CSR array. + n = x.shape[0] + nnz = n * (k + 1) + if nnz < np.iinfo(np.int32).max: + int_dtype = np.int32 + else: + int_dtype = np.int64 + + # Get the non-zero elements of the design matrix and per-row `offsets`: + # In row `i`, k+1 nonzero elements are consecutive, and start from `offset[i]` + data, offsets, _ = _dierckx.data_matrix(x, t, k, np.ones_like(x), extrapolate) + data = data.ravel() + + if offsets.dtype != int_dtype: + offsets = offsets.astype(int_dtype) + + # Convert from per-row offsets to the CSR indices/indptr format + indices = np.repeat(offsets, k+1).reshape(-1, k+1) + indices = indices + np.arange(k+1, dtype=int_dtype) + indices = indices.ravel() + + indptr = np.arange(0, (n + 1) * (k + 1), k + 1, dtype=int_dtype) + + return csr_array( + (data, indices, indptr), + shape=(x.shape[0], t.shape[0] - k - 1) + ) + + def __call__(self, x, nu=0, extrapolate=None): + """ + Evaluate a spline function. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + points to evaluate the spline at. + nu : int, optional + derivative to evaluate (default is 0). + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + whether to extrapolate based on the first and last intervals + or return nans. If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + Default is `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + y : array_like + Shape is determined by replacing the interpolation axis + in the coefficient array with the shape of `x`. + + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + x = np.asarray(x) + x_shape, x_ndim = x.shape, x.ndim + x = np.ascontiguousarray(x.ravel(), dtype=np.float64) + + # With periodic extrapolation we map x to the segment + # [self.t[k], self.t[n]]. + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + n = self._t.size - self.k - 1 + x = self._t[self.k] + (x - self._t[self.k]) % (self._t[n] - self._t[self.k]) + extrapolate = False + + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + # if self.c is complex: the C code in _dierckxmodule.cc expects + # floats, so make a view---this expands the last axis, and + # the view is C contiguous if the original is. + # if c.dtype is complex of shape (n,), c.view(float).shape == (2*n,) + # if c.dtype is complex of shape (n, m), c.view(float).shape == (n, 2*m) + + is_complex = self._c.dtype.kind == 'c' + if is_complex: + cc = self._c.view(float) + if self._c.ndim == 1: + cc = cc.reshape(self._c.shape[0], 2) + else: + cc = self._c + + # flatten the trailing dims + cc = cc.reshape(cc.shape[0], -1) + + # heavy lifting: actually perform the evaluations + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(self._t, cc, self.k, x, nu, extrapolate) + + if is_complex: + out = out.view(complex) + + out = out.reshape(x_shape + self._c.shape[1:]) + if self.axis != 0: + # transpose to move the calculated values to the interpolation axis + l = list(range(out.ndim)) + l = l[x_ndim:x_ndim+self.axis] + l[:x_ndim] + l[x_ndim+self.axis:] + out = out.transpose(l) + return self._asarray(out) + + def _ensure_c_contiguous(self): + """ + c and t may be modified by the user. The Cython code expects + that they are C contiguous. + + """ + if not self._t.flags.c_contiguous: + self._t = self._t.copy() + if not self._c.flags.c_contiguous: + self._c = self._c.copy() + + def derivative(self, nu=1): + """Return a B-spline representing the derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Derivative order. + Default is 1. + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A new instance representing the derivative. + + See Also + -------- + splder, splantider + + """ + c = self._asarray(self.c, copy=True) + t = self.t + xp = array_namespace(t, c) + + # pad the c array if needed + ct = t.shape[0] - c.shape[0] + if ct > 0: + c = concat_1d(xp, c, xp.zeros((ct,) + c.shape[1:])) + tck = _fitpack_impl.splder((t, c, self.k), nu) + return self.construct_fast(*tck, extrapolate=self.extrapolate, + axis=self.axis) + + def antiderivative(self, nu=1): + """Return a B-spline representing the antiderivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Antiderivative order. Default is 1. + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A new instance representing the antiderivative. + + Notes + ----- + If antiderivative is computed and ``self.extrapolate='periodic'``, + it will be set to False for the returned instance. This is done because + the antiderivative is no longer periodic and its correct evaluation + outside of the initially given x interval is difficult. + + See Also + -------- + splder, splantider + + """ + c = self._asarray(self.c, copy=True) + t = self.t + xp = array_namespace(t, c) + + # pad the c array if needed + ct = t.shape[0] - c.shape[0] + if ct > 0: + c = concat_1d(xp, c, xp.zeros((ct,) + c.shape[1:])) + tck = _fitpack_impl.splantider((t, c, self.k), nu) + + if self.extrapolate == 'periodic': + extrapolate = False + else: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + return self.construct_fast(*tck, extrapolate=extrapolate, + axis=self.axis) + + def integrate(self, a, b, extrapolate=None): + """Compute a definite integral of the spline. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : float + Lower limit of integration. + b : float + Upper limit of integration. + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + whether to extrapolate beyond the base interval, + ``t[k] .. t[-k-1]``, or take the spline to be zero outside of the + base interval. If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + I : array_like + Definite integral of the spline over the interval ``[a, b]``. + + Examples + -------- + Construct the linear spline ``x if x < 1 else 2 - x`` on the base + interval :math:`[0, 2]`, and integrate it + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline + >>> b = BSpline.basis_element([0, 1, 2]) + >>> b.integrate(0, 1) + array(0.5) + + If the integration limits are outside of the base interval, the result + is controlled by the `extrapolate` parameter + + >>> b.integrate(-1, 1) + array(0.0) + >>> b.integrate(-1, 1, extrapolate=False) + array(0.5) + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.grid(True) + >>> ax.axvline(0, c='r', lw=5, alpha=0.5) # base interval + >>> ax.axvline(2, c='r', lw=5, alpha=0.5) + >>> xx = [-1, 1, 2] + >>> ax.plot(xx, b(xx)) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + # Prepare self.t and self.c. + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + # Swap integration bounds if needed. + sign = 1 + if b < a: + a, b = b, a + sign = -1 + n = self._t.size - self.k - 1 + + if extrapolate != "periodic" and not extrapolate: + # Shrink the integration interval, if needed. + a = max(a, self._t[self.k]) + b = min(b, self._t[n]) + + if self._c.ndim == 1: + # Fast path: use FITPACK's routine + # (cf _fitpack_impl.splint). + integral = _fitpack_impl.splint(a, b, (self._t, self._c, self.k)) + return self._asarray(integral * sign) + + # Compute the antiderivative. + c = self._c + ct = len(self._t) - len(c) + if ct > 0: + c = np.r_[c, np.zeros((ct,) + c.shape[1:])] + ta, ca, ka = _fitpack_impl.splantider((self._t, c, self.k), 1) + + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + # Split the integral into the part over period (can be several + # of them) and the remaining part. + + ts, te = self._t[self.k], self._t[n] + period = te - ts + interval = b - a + n_periods, left = divmod(interval, period) + + if n_periods > 0: + # Evaluate the difference of antiderivatives. + x = np.asarray([ts, te], dtype=np.float64) + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(ta, ca.reshape(ca.shape[0], -1), + ka, x, 0, False) + integral = out[1] - out[0] + integral *= n_periods + else: + integral = np.zeros((1, prod(self._c.shape[1:])), + dtype=self._c.dtype) + + # Map a to [ts, te], b is always a + left. + a = ts + (a - ts) % period + b = a + left + + # If b <= te then we need to integrate over [a, b], otherwise + # over [a, te] and from xs to what is remained. + if b <= te: + x = np.asarray([a, b], dtype=np.float64) + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(ta, ca.reshape(ca.shape[0], -1), + ka, x, 0, False) + integral += out[1] - out[0] + else: + x = np.asarray([a, te], dtype=np.float64) + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(ta, ca.reshape(ca.shape[0], -1), + ka, x, 0, False) + integral += out[1] - out[0] + + x = np.asarray([ts, ts + b - te], dtype=np.float64) + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(ta, ca.reshape(ca.shape[0], -1), + ka, x, 0, False) + integral += out[1] - out[0] + else: + # Evaluate the difference of antiderivatives. + x = np.asarray([a, b], dtype=np.float64) + out = _dierckx.evaluate_spline(ta, ca.reshape(ca.shape[0], -1), + ka, x, 0, extrapolate) + integral = out[1] - out[0] + + integral *= sign + return self._asarray(integral.reshape(ca.shape[1:])) + + @classmethod + def from_power_basis(cls, pp, bc_type='not-a-knot'): + r""" + Construct a polynomial in the B-spline basis + from a piecewise polynomial in the power basis. + + For now, accepts ``CubicSpline`` instances only. + + Parameters + ---------- + pp : CubicSpline + A piecewise polynomial in the power basis, as created + by ``CubicSpline`` + bc_type : string, optional + Boundary condition type as in ``CubicSpline``: one of the + ``not-a-knot``, ``natural``, ``clamped``, or ``periodic``. + Necessary for construction an instance of ``BSpline`` class. + Default is ``not-a-knot``. + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A new instance representing the initial polynomial + in the B-spline basis. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 1.8.0 + + Accepts only ``CubicSpline`` instances for now. + + The algorithm follows from differentiation + the Marsden's identity [1]: each of coefficients of spline + interpolation function in the B-spline basis is computed as follows: + + .. math:: + + c_j = \sum_{m=0}^{k} \frac{(k-m)!}{k!} + c_{m,i} (-1)^{k-m} D^m p_{j,k}(x_i) + + :math:`c_{m, i}` - a coefficient of CubicSpline, + :math:`D^m p_{j, k}(x_i)` - an m-th defivative of a dual polynomial + in :math:`x_i`. + + ``k`` always equals 3 for now. + + First ``n - 2`` coefficients are computed in :math:`x_i = x_j`, e.g. + + .. math:: + + c_1 = \sum_{m=0}^{k} \frac{(k-1)!}{k!} c_{m,1} D^m p_{j,3}(x_1) + + Last ``nod + 2`` coefficients are computed in ``x[-2]``, + ``nod`` - number of derivatives at the ends. + + For example, consider :math:`x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]`, + :math:`y = [1, 1, 1, 1, 1]` and bc_type = ``natural`` + + The coefficients of CubicSpline in the power basis: + + :math:`[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]` + + The knot vector: :math:`t = [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4]` + + In this case + + .. math:: + + c_j = \frac{0!}{k!} c_{3, i} k! = c_{3, i} = 1,~j = 0, ..., 6 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Tom Lyche and Knut Morken, Spline Methods, 2005, Section 3.1.2 + + """ + from ._cubic import CubicSpline + if not isinstance(pp, CubicSpline): + raise NotImplementedError(f"Only CubicSpline objects are accepted " + f"for now. Got {type(pp)} instead.") + x = pp.x + coef = pp.c + k = pp.c.shape[0] - 1 + n = x.shape[0] + + if bc_type == 'not-a-knot': + t = _not_a_knot(x, k) + elif bc_type == 'natural' or bc_type == 'clamped': + t = _augknt(x, k) + elif bc_type == 'periodic': + t = _periodic_knots(x, k) + else: + raise TypeError(f'Unknown boundary condition: {bc_type}') + + nod = t.shape[0] - (n + k + 1) # number of derivatives at the ends + c = np.zeros(n + nod, dtype=pp.c.dtype) + for m in range(k + 1): + for i in range(n - 2): + c[i] += poch(k + 1, -m) * coef[m, i]\ + * np.power(-1, k - m)\ + * _diff_dual_poly(i, k, x[i], m, t) + for j in range(n - 2, n + nod): + c[j] += poch(k + 1, -m) * coef[m, n - 2]\ + * np.power(-1, k - m)\ + * _diff_dual_poly(j, k, x[n - 2], m, t) + return cls.construct_fast(t, c, k, pp.extrapolate, pp.axis) + + def insert_knot(self, x, m=1): + """Insert a new knot at `x` of multiplicity `m`. + + Given the knots and coefficients of a B-spline representation, create a + new B-spline with a knot inserted `m` times at point `x`. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : float + The position of the new knot + m : int, optional + The number of times to insert the given knot (its multiplicity). + Default is 1. + + Returns + ------- + spl : `BSpline` object + A new `BSpline` object with the new knot inserted. + + Notes + ----- + Based on algorithms from [1]_ and [2]_. + + In case of a periodic spline (``self.extrapolate == "periodic"``) + there must be either at least k interior knots t(j) satisfying + ``t(k+1)>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline, make_interp_spline + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 10, 5) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + >>> spl.t + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 5., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + Insert a single knot + + >>> spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(3) + >>> spl_1.t + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 3., 5., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + Insert a multiple knot + + >>> spl_2 = spl.insert_knot(8, m=3) + >>> spl_2.t + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 5., 8., 8., 8., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + """ + x = float(x) + + if x < self._t[self.k] or x > self._t[-self.k-1]: + raise ValueError(f"Cannot insert a knot at {x}.") + if m <= 0: + raise ValueError(f"`m` must be positive, got {m = }.") + + tt = self._t.copy() + cc = self._c.copy() + + for _ in range(m): + tt, cc = _insert(x, tt, cc, self.k, self.extrapolate == "periodic") + tt, cc = self._asarray(tt), self._asarray(cc) + return self.construct_fast(tt, cc, self.k, self.extrapolate, self.axis) + + +def _insert(xval, t, c, k, periodic=False): + """Insert a single knot at `xval`.""" + # + # This is a port of the FORTRAN `insert` routine by P. Dierckx, + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/insert.f + # which carries the following comment: + # + # subroutine insert inserts a new knot x into a spline function s(x) + # of degree k and calculates the b-spline representation of s(x) with + # respect to the new set of knots. in addition, if iopt.ne.0, s(x) + # will be considered as a periodic spline with period per=t(n-k)-t(k+1) + # satisfying the boundary constraints + # t(i+n-2*k-1) = t(i)+per ,i=1,2,...,2*k+1 + # c(i+n-2*k-1) = c(i) ,i=1,2,...,k + # in that case, the knots and b-spline coefficients returned will also + # satisfy these boundary constraints, i.e. + # tt(i+nn-2*k-1) = tt(i)+per ,i=1,2,...,2*k+1 + # cc(i+nn-2*k-1) = cc(i) ,i=1,2,...,k + interval = _dierckx.find_interval(t, k, float(xval), k, False) + if interval < 0: + # extrapolated values are guarded for in BSpline.insert_knot + raise ValueError(f"Cannot insert the knot at {xval}.") + + # super edge case: a knot with multiplicity > k+1 + # see https://github.com/scipy/scipy/commit/037204c3e91 + if t[interval] == t[interval + k + 1]: + interval -= 1 + + if periodic: + if (interval + 1 <= 2*k) and (interval + 1 >= t.shape[0] - 2*k): + # in case of a periodic spline (iopt.ne.0) there must be + # either at least k interior knots t(j) satisfying t(k+1)= nk - k: + # adjust the left-hand boundary knots & coefs + tt[:k] = tt[nk - k:nk] - T + cc[:k, ...] = cc[n2k:n2k + k, ...] + + if interval <= 2*k-1: + # adjust the right-hand boundary knots & coefs + tt[n-k:] = tt[k+1:k+1+k] + T + cc[n2k:n2k + k, ...] = cc[:k, ...] + + return tt, cc + + +################################# +# Interpolating spline helpers # +################################# + +def _not_a_knot(x, k): + """Given data x, construct the knot vector w/ not-a-knot BC. + cf de Boor, XIII(12). + + For even k, it's a bit ad hoc: Greville sites + omit 2nd and 2nd-to-last + data points, a la not-a-knot. + This seems to match what Dierckx does, too: + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L63-L80 + """ + x = np.asarray(x) + if k % 2 == 1: + k2 = (k + 1) // 2 + t = x.copy() + else: + k2 = k // 2 + t = (x[1:] + x[:-1]) / 2 + + t = t[k2:-k2] + t = np.r_[(x[0],)*(k+1), t, (x[-1],)*(k+1)] + return t + + +def _augknt(x, k): + """Construct a knot vector appropriate for the order-k interpolation.""" + return np.r_[(x[0],)*k, x, (x[-1],)*k] + + +def _convert_string_aliases(deriv, target_shape): + if isinstance(deriv, str): + if deriv == "clamped": + deriv = [(1, np.zeros(target_shape))] + elif deriv == "natural": + deriv = [(2, np.zeros(target_shape))] + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown boundary condition : {deriv}") + return deriv + + +def _process_deriv_spec(deriv): + if deriv is not None: + try: + ords, vals = zip(*deriv) + except TypeError as e: + msg = ("Derivatives, `bc_type`, should be specified as a pair of " + "iterables of pairs of (order, value).") + raise ValueError(msg) from e + else: + ords, vals = [], [] + return np.atleast_1d(ords, vals) + + +def _woodbury_algorithm(A, ur, ll, b, k): + ''' + Solve a cyclic banded linear system with upper right + and lower blocks of size ``(k-1) / 2`` using + the Woodbury formula + + Parameters + ---------- + A : 2-D array, shape(k, n) + Matrix of diagonals of original matrix (see + ``solve_banded`` documentation). + ur : 2-D array, shape(bs, bs) + Upper right block matrix. + ll : 2-D array, shape(bs, bs) + Lower left block matrix. + b : 1-D array, shape(n,) + Vector of constant terms of the system of linear equations. + k : int + B-spline degree. + + Returns + ------- + c : 1-D array, shape(n,) + Solution of the original system of linear equations. + + Notes + ----- + This algorithm works only for systems with banded matrix A plus + a correction term U @ V.T, where the matrix U @ V.T gives upper right + and lower left block of A + The system is solved with the following steps: + 1. New systems of linear equations are constructed: + A @ z_i = u_i, + u_i - column vector of U, + i = 1, ..., k - 1 + 2. Matrix Z is formed from vectors z_i: + Z = [ z_1 | z_2 | ... | z_{k - 1} ] + 3. Matrix H = (1 + V.T @ Z)^{-1} + 4. The system A' @ y = b is solved + 5. x = y - Z @ (H @ V.T @ y) + Also, ``n`` should be greater than ``k``, otherwise corner block + elements will intersect with diagonals. + + Examples + -------- + Consider the case of n = 8, k = 5 (size of blocks - 2 x 2). + The matrix of a system: U: V: + x x x * * a b a b 0 0 0 0 1 0 + x x x x * * c 0 c 0 0 0 0 0 1 + x x x x x * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + * x x x x x * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + * * x x x x x 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + d * * x x x x 0 0 d 0 1 0 0 0 + e f * * x x x 0 0 e f 0 1 0 0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling + and Brian P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes, 2007, Section 2.7.3 + + ''' + k_mod = k - k % 2 + bs = int((k - 1) / 2) + (k + 1) % 2 + + n = A.shape[1] + 1 + U = np.zeros((n - 1, k_mod)) + VT = np.zeros((k_mod, n - 1)) # V transpose + + # upper right block + U[:bs, :bs] = ur + VT[np.arange(bs), np.arange(bs) - bs] = 1 + + # lower left block + U[-bs:, -bs:] = ll + VT[np.arange(bs) - bs, np.arange(bs)] = 1 + + Z = solve_banded((bs, bs), A, U) + + H = solve(np.identity(k_mod) + VT @ Z, np.identity(k_mod)) + + y = solve_banded((bs, bs), A, b) + c = y - Z @ (H @ (VT @ y)) + + return c + + +def _periodic_knots(x, k): + ''' + returns vector of nodes on circle + ''' + xc = np.copy(x) + n = len(xc) + if k % 2 == 0: + dx = np.diff(xc) + xc[1: -1] -= dx[:-1] / 2 + dx = np.diff(xc) + t = np.zeros(n + 2 * k) + t[k: -k] = xc + for i in range(0, k): + # filling first `k` elements in descending order + t[k - i - 1] = t[k - i] - dx[-(i % (n - 1)) - 1] + # filling last `k` elements in ascending order + t[-k + i] = t[-k + i - 1] + dx[i % (n - 1)] + return t + + +def _make_interp_per_full_matr(x, y, t, k): + ''' + Returns a solution of a system for B-spline interpolation with periodic + boundary conditions. First ``k - 1`` rows of matrix are conditions of + periodicity (continuity of ``k - 1`` derivatives at the boundary points). + Last ``n`` rows are interpolation conditions. + RHS is ``k - 1`` zeros and ``n`` ordinates in this case. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : 1-D array, shape (n,) + Values of x - coordinate of a given set of points. + y : 1-D array, shape (n,) + Values of y - coordinate of a given set of points. + t : 1-D array, shape(n+2*k,) + Vector of knots. + k : int + The maximum degree of spline + + Returns + ------- + c : 1-D array, shape (n+k-1,) + B-spline coefficients + + Notes + ----- + ``t`` is supposed to be taken on circle. + + ''' + + x, y, t = map(np.asarray, (x, y, t)) + + n = x.size + # LHS: the colocation matrix + derivatives at edges + matr = np.zeros((n + k - 1, n + k - 1)) + + # derivatives at x[0] and x[-1]: + for i in range(k - 1): + bb = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, x[0], k, i + 1) + matr[i, : k + 1] += bb + bb = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, x[-1], n + k - 1, i + 1)[:-1] + matr[i, -k:] -= bb + + # colocation matrix + for i in range(n): + xval = x[i] + # find interval + if xval == t[k]: + left = k + else: + left = np.searchsorted(t, xval) - 1 + + # fill a row + bb = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, left) + matr[i + k - 1, left-k:left+1] = bb + + # RHS + b = np.r_[[0] * (k - 1), y] + + c = solve(matr, b) + return c + + +def _handle_lhs_derivatives(t, k, xval, ab, kl, ku, deriv_ords, offset=0): + """ Fill in the entries of the colocation matrix corresponding to known + derivatives at `xval`. + + The colocation matrix is in the banded storage, as prepared by _coloc. + No error checking. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : ndarray, shape (nt + k + 1,) + knots + k : integer + B-spline order + xval : float + The value at which to evaluate the derivatives at. + ab : ndarray, shape(2*kl + ku + 1, nt), Fortran order + B-spline colocation matrix. + This argument is modified *in-place*. + kl : integer + Number of lower diagonals of ab. + ku : integer + Number of upper diagonals of ab. + deriv_ords : 1D ndarray + Orders of derivatives known at xval + offset : integer, optional + Skip this many rows of the matrix ab. + + """ + # find where `xval` is in the knot vector, `t` + left = _dierckx.find_interval(t, k, float(xval), k, False) + + # compute and fill in the derivatives @ xval + for row in range(deriv_ords.shape[0]): + nu = deriv_ords[row] + wrk = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, left, nu) + + # if A were a full matrix, it would be just + # ``A[row + offset, left-k:left+1] = bb``. + for a in range(k+1): + clmn = left - k + a + ab[kl + ku + offset + row - clmn, clmn] = wrk[a] + + +def _make_periodic_spline(x, y, t, k, axis, *, xp): + ''' + Compute the (coefficients of) interpolating B-spline with periodic + boundary conditions. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + Abscissas. + y : array_like, shape (n,) + Ordinates. + k : int + B-spline degree. + t : array_like, shape (n + 2 * k,). + Knots taken on a circle, ``k`` on the left and ``k`` on the right + of the vector ``x``. + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A `BSpline` object of the degree ``k`` and with knots ``t``. + + Notes + ----- + The original system is formed by ``n + k - 1`` equations where the first + ``k - 1`` of them stand for the ``k - 1`` derivatives continuity on the + edges while the other equations correspond to an interpolating case + (matching all the input points). Due to a special form of knot vector, it + can be proved that in the original system the first and last ``k`` + coefficients of a spline function are the same, respectively. It follows + from the fact that all ``k - 1`` derivatives are equal term by term at ends + and that the matrix of the original system of linear equations is + non-degenerate. So, we can reduce the number of equations to ``n - 1`` + (first ``k - 1`` equations could be reduced). Another trick of this + implementation is cyclic shift of values of B-splines due to equality of + ``k`` unknown coefficients. With this we can receive matrix of the system + with upper right and lower left blocks, and ``k`` diagonals. It allows + to use Woodbury formula to optimize the computations. + + ''' + n = y.shape[0] + + extradim = prod(y.shape[1:]) + y_new = y.reshape(n, extradim) + c = np.zeros((n + k - 1, extradim)) + + # n <= k case is solved with full matrix + if n <= k: + for i in range(extradim): + c[:, i] = _make_interp_per_full_matr(x, y_new[:, i], t, k) + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c.reshape((n + k - 1,) + y.shape[1:])) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, extrapolate='periodic', axis=axis) + + nt = len(t) - k - 1 + + # size of block elements + kul = int(k / 2) + + # kl = ku = k + ab = np.zeros((3 * k + 1, nt), dtype=np.float64, order='F') + + # upper right and lower left blocks + ur = np.zeros((kul, kul)) + ll = np.zeros_like(ur) + + # `offset` is made to shift all the non-zero elements to the end of the + # matrix + # NB: 1. drop the last element of `x` because `x[0] = x[-1] + T` & `y[0] == y[-1]` + # 2. pass ab.T to _coloc to make it C-ordered; below it'll be fed to banded + # LAPACK, which needs F-ordered arrays + _dierckx._coloc(x[:-1], t, k, ab.T, k) + + # remove zeros before the matrix + ab = ab[-k - (k + 1) % 2:, :] + + # The least elements in rows (except repetitions) are diagonals + # of block matrices. Upper right matrix is an upper triangular + # matrix while lower left is a lower triangular one. + for i in range(kul): + ur += np.diag(ab[-i - 1, i: kul], k=i) + ll += np.diag(ab[i, -kul - (k % 2): n - 1 + 2 * kul - i], k=-i) + + # remove elements that occur in the last point + # (first and last points are equivalent) + A = ab[:, kul: -k + kul] + + for i in range(extradim): + cc = _woodbury_algorithm(A, ur, ll, y_new[:, i][:-1], k) + c[:, i] = np.concatenate((cc[-kul:], cc, cc[:kul + k % 2])) + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c.reshape((n + k - 1,) + y.shape[1:])) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, extrapolate='periodic', axis=axis) + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3, t=None, bc_type=None, axis=0, + check_finite=True): + """Create an interpolating B-spline with specified degree and boundary conditions. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + Abscissas. + y : array_like, shape (n, ...) + Ordinates. + k : int, optional + B-spline degree. Default is cubic, ``k = 3``. + t : array_like, shape (nt + k + 1,), optional. + Knots. + The number of knots needs to agree with the number of data points and + the number of derivatives at the edges. Specifically, ``nt - n`` must + equal ``len(deriv_l) + len(deriv_r)``. + bc_type : 2-tuple or None + Boundary conditions. + Default is None, which means choosing the boundary conditions + automatically. Otherwise, it must be a length-two tuple where the first + element (``deriv_l``) sets the boundary conditions at ``x[0]`` and + the second element (``deriv_r``) sets the boundary conditions at + ``x[-1]``. Each of these must be an iterable of pairs + ``(order, value)`` which gives the values of derivatives of specified + orders at the given edge of the interpolation interval. + Alternatively, the following string aliases are recognized: + + * ``"clamped"``: The first derivatives at the ends are zero. This is + equivalent to ``bc_type=([(1, 0.0)], [(1, 0.0)])``. + * ``"natural"``: The second derivatives at ends are zero. This is + equivalent to ``bc_type=([(2, 0.0)], [(2, 0.0)])``. + * ``"not-a-knot"`` (default): The first and second segments are the + same polynomial. This is equivalent to having ``bc_type=None``. + * ``"periodic"``: The values and the first ``k-1`` derivatives at the + ends are equivalent. + + axis : int, optional + Interpolation axis. Default is 0. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input arrays contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + Default is True. + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A `BSpline` object of the degree ``k`` and with knots ``t``. + + See Also + -------- + BSpline : base class representing the B-spline objects + CubicSpline : a cubic spline in the polynomial basis + make_lsq_spline : a similar factory function for spline fitting + UnivariateSpline : a wrapper over FITPACK spline fitting routines + splrep : a wrapper over FITPACK spline fitting routines + + Examples + -------- + Use cubic interpolation on Chebyshev nodes: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> def cheb_nodes(N): + ... jj = 2.*np.arange(N) + 1 + ... x = np.cos(np.pi * jj / 2 / N)[::-1] + ... return x + + >>> x = cheb_nodes(20) + >>> y = np.sqrt(1 - x**2) + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline, make_interp_spline + >>> b = make_interp_spline(x, y) + >>> np.allclose(b(x), y) + True + + Note that the default is a cubic spline with a not-a-knot boundary condition + + >>> b.k + 3 + + Here we use a 'natural' spline, with zero 2nd derivatives at edges: + + >>> l, r = [(2, 0.0)], [(2, 0.0)] + >>> b_n = make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=(l, r)) # or, bc_type="natural" + >>> np.allclose(b_n(x), y) + True + >>> x0, x1 = x[0], x[-1] + >>> np.allclose([b_n(x0, 2), b_n(x1, 2)], [0, 0]) + True + + Interpolation of parametric curves is also supported. As an example, we + compute a discretization of a snail curve in polar coordinates + + >>> phi = np.linspace(0, 2.*np.pi, 40) + >>> r = 0.3 + np.cos(phi) + >>> x, y = r*np.cos(phi), r*np.sin(phi) # convert to Cartesian coordinates + + Build an interpolating curve, parameterizing it by the angle + + >>> spl = make_interp_spline(phi, np.c_[x, y]) + + Evaluate the interpolant on a finer grid (note that we transpose the result + to unpack it into a pair of x- and y-arrays) + + >>> phi_new = np.linspace(0, 2.*np.pi, 100) + >>> x_new, y_new = spl(phi_new).T + + Plot the result + + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'o') + >>> plt.plot(x_new, y_new, '-') + >>> plt.show() + + Build a B-spline curve with 2 dimensional y + + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 10) + >>> y = np.array([np.sin(x), np.cos(x)]) + + Periodic condition is satisfied because y coordinates of points on the ends + are equivalent + + >>> ax = plt.axes(projection='3d') + >>> xx = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 100) + >>> bspl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=5, bc_type='periodic', axis=1) + >>> ax.plot3D(xx, *bspl(xx)) + >>> ax.scatter3D(x, *y, color='red') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + # convert string aliases for the boundary conditions + if bc_type is None or bc_type == 'not-a-knot' or bc_type == 'periodic': + deriv_l, deriv_r = None, None + elif isinstance(bc_type, str): + deriv_l, deriv_r = bc_type, bc_type + else: + try: + deriv_l, deriv_r = bc_type + except TypeError as e: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown boundary condition: {bc_type}") from e + + xp = array_namespace(x, y, t) + x = _as_float_array(x, check_finite) + y = _as_float_array(y, check_finite) + + axis = normalize_axis_index(axis, y.ndim) + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, 0) # now internally interp axis is zero + + # sanity check the input + if bc_type == 'periodic' and not np.allclose(y[0], y[-1], atol=1e-15): + raise ValueError("First and last points does not match while " + "periodic case expected") + if x.size != y.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f'Shapes of x {x.shape} and y {y.shape} are incompatible') + if np.any(x[1:] == x[:-1]): + raise ValueError("Expect x to not have duplicates") + if x.ndim != 1 or np.any(x[1:] < x[:-1]): + raise ValueError("Expect x to be a 1D strictly increasing sequence.") + + # special-case k=0 right away + if k == 0: + if any(_ is not None for _ in (t, deriv_l, deriv_r)): + raise ValueError("Too much info for k=0: t and bc_type can only " + "be None.") + t = np.r_[x, x[-1]] + c = np.asarray(y) + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c, dtype=_get_dtype(c.dtype)) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis) + + # special-case k=1 (e.g., Lyche and Morken, Eq.(2.16)) + if k == 1 and t is None: + if not (deriv_l is None and deriv_r is None): + raise ValueError("Too much info for k=1: bc_type can only be None.") + t = np.r_[x[0], x, x[-1]] + c = np.asarray(y) + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c, dtype=_get_dtype(c.dtype)) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis) + + k = operator.index(k) + + if bc_type == 'periodic' and t is not None: + raise NotImplementedError("For periodic case t is constructed " + "automatically and can not be passed " + "manually") + + # come up with a sensible knot vector, if needed + if t is None: + if deriv_l is None and deriv_r is None: + if bc_type == 'periodic': + t = _periodic_knots(x, k) + else: + t = _not_a_knot(x, k) + else: + t = _augknt(x, k) + + t = _as_float_array(t, check_finite) + + if k < 0: + raise ValueError("Expect non-negative k.") + if t.ndim != 1 or np.any(t[1:] < t[:-1]): + raise ValueError("Expect t to be a 1-D sorted array_like.") + if t.size < x.size + k + 1: + raise ValueError(f"Got {t.size} knots, need at least {x.size + k + 1}.") + if (x[0] < t[k]) or (x[-1] > t[-k]): + raise ValueError(f'Out of bounds w/ x = {x}.') + + if bc_type == 'periodic': + return _make_periodic_spline(x, y, t, k, axis, xp=xp) + + # Here : deriv_l, r = [(nu, value), ...] + deriv_l = _convert_string_aliases(deriv_l, y.shape[1:]) + deriv_l_ords, deriv_l_vals = _process_deriv_spec(deriv_l) + nleft = deriv_l_ords.shape[0] + + deriv_r = _convert_string_aliases(deriv_r, y.shape[1:]) + deriv_r_ords, deriv_r_vals = _process_deriv_spec(deriv_r) + nright = deriv_r_ords.shape[0] + + if not all(0 <= i <= k for i in deriv_l_ords): + raise ValueError(f"Bad boundary conditions at {x[0]}.") + + if not all(0 <= i <= k for i in deriv_r_ords): + raise ValueError(f"Bad boundary conditions at {x[-1]}.") + + # have `n` conditions for `nt` coefficients; need nt-n derivatives + n = x.size + nt = t.size - k - 1 + + if nt - n != nleft + nright: + raise ValueError("The number of derivatives at boundaries does not " + f"match: expected {nt-n}, got {nleft}+{nright}") + + # bail out if the `y` array is zero-sized + if y.size == 0: + c = np.zeros((nt,) + y.shape[1:], dtype=float) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis) + + # set up the LHS: the colocation matrix + derivatives at boundaries + # NB: ab is in F order for banded LAPACK; _coloc needs C-ordered arrays, + # this pass ab.T into _coloc + kl = ku = k + ab = np.zeros((2*kl + ku + 1, nt), dtype=np.float64, order='F') + _dierckx._coloc(x, t, k, ab.T, nleft) + if nleft > 0: + _handle_lhs_derivatives(t, k, x[0], ab, kl, ku, deriv_l_ords) + if nright > 0: + _handle_lhs_derivatives(t, k, x[-1], ab, kl, ku, deriv_r_ords, + offset=nt-nright) + + # set up the RHS: values to interpolate (+ derivative values, if any) + extradim = prod(y.shape[1:]) + rhs = np.empty((nt, extradim), dtype=y.dtype) + if nleft > 0: + rhs[:nleft] = deriv_l_vals.reshape(-1, extradim) + rhs[nleft:nt - nright] = y.reshape(-1, extradim) + if nright > 0: + rhs[nt - nright:] = deriv_r_vals.reshape(-1, extradim) + + # solve Ab @ x = rhs; this is the relevant part of linalg.solve_banded + if check_finite: + ab, rhs = map(np.asarray_chkfinite, (ab, rhs)) + gbsv, = get_lapack_funcs(('gbsv',), (ab, rhs)) + lu, piv, c, info = gbsv(kl, ku, ab, rhs, + overwrite_ab=True, overwrite_b=True) + + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError("Colocation matrix is singular.") + elif info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal gbsv') + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c.reshape((nt,) + y.shape[1:])) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis) + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=3, w=None, axis=0, check_finite=True, *, method="qr"): + r"""Create a smoothing B-spline satisfying the Least SQuares (LSQ) criterion. + + The result is a linear combination + + .. math:: + + S(x) = \sum_j c_j B_j(x; t) + + of the B-spline basis elements, :math:`B_j(x; t)`, which minimizes + + .. math:: + + \sum_{j} \left( w_j \times (S(x_j) - y_j) \right)^2 + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (m,) + Abscissas. + y : array_like, shape (m, ...) + Ordinates. + t : array_like, shape (n + k + 1,). + Knots. + Knots and data points must satisfy Schoenberg-Whitney conditions. + k : int, optional + B-spline degree. Default is cubic, ``k = 3``. + w : array_like, shape (m,), optional + Weights for spline fitting. Must be positive. If ``None``, + then weights are all equal. + Default is ``None``. + axis : int, optional + Interpolation axis. Default is zero. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input arrays contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + Default is True. + method : str, optional + Method for solving the linear LSQ problem. Allowed values are "norm-eq" + (Explicitly construct and solve the normal system of equations), and + "qr" (Use the QR factorization of the design matrix). + Default is "qr". + + Returns + ------- + b : `BSpline` object + A `BSpline` object of the degree ``k`` with knots ``t``. + + See Also + -------- + BSpline : base class representing the B-spline objects + make_interp_spline : a similar factory function for interpolating splines + LSQUnivariateSpline : a FITPACK-based spline fitting routine + splrep : a FITPACK-based fitting routine + + Notes + ----- + The number of data points must be larger than the spline degree ``k``. + + Knots ``t`` must satisfy the Schoenberg-Whitney conditions, + i.e., there must be a subset of data points ``x[j]`` such that + ``t[j] < x[j] < t[j+k+1]``, for ``j=0, 1,...,n-k-2``. + + Examples + -------- + Generate some noisy data: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 50) + >>> y = np.exp(-x**2) + 0.1 * rng.standard_normal(50) + + Now fit a smoothing cubic spline with a pre-defined internal knots. + Here we make the knot vector (k+1)-regular by adding boundary knots: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import make_lsq_spline, BSpline + >>> t = [-1, 0, 1] + >>> k = 3 + >>> t = np.r_[(x[0],)*(k+1), + ... t, + ... (x[-1],)*(k+1)] + >>> spl = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k) + + For comparison, we also construct an interpolating spline for the same + set of data: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import make_interp_spline + >>> spl_i = make_interp_spline(x, y) + + Plot both: + + >>> xs = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'ro', ms=5) + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), 'g-', lw=3, label='LSQ spline') + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl_i(xs), 'b-', lw=3, alpha=0.7, label='interp spline') + >>> plt.legend(loc='best') + >>> plt.show() + + **NaN handling**: If the input arrays contain ``nan`` values, the result is + not useful since the underlying spline fitting routines cannot deal with + ``nan``. A workaround is to use zero weights for not-a-number data points: + + >>> y[8] = np.nan + >>> w = np.isnan(y) + >>> y[w] = 0. + >>> tck = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, w=~w) + + Notice the need to replace a ``nan`` by a numerical value (precise value + does not matter as long as the corresponding weight is zero.) + + """ + xp = array_namespace(x, y, t, w) + + x = _as_float_array(x, check_finite) + y = _as_float_array(y, check_finite) + t = _as_float_array(t, check_finite) + if w is not None: + w = _as_float_array(w, check_finite) + else: + w = np.ones_like(x) + k = operator.index(k) + + axis = normalize_axis_index(axis, y.ndim) + + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, 0) # now internally interp axis is zero + if not y.flags.c_contiguous: + # C routines in _dierckx currently require C contiguity + y = y.copy(order='C') + + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("Expect x to be a 1-D sequence.") + if x.shape[0] < k+1: + raise ValueError("Need more x points.") + if k < 0: + raise ValueError("Expect non-negative k.") + if t.ndim != 1 or np.any(t[1:] - t[:-1] < 0): + raise ValueError("Expect t to be a 1D strictly increasing sequence.") + if x.size != y.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f'Shapes of x {x.shape} and y {y.shape} are incompatible') + if k > 0 and np.any((x < t[k]) | (x > t[-k])): + raise ValueError(f'Out of bounds w/ x = {x}.') + if x.size != w.size: + raise ValueError(f'Shapes of x {x.shape} and w {w.shape} are incompatible') + if method == "norm-eq" and np.any(x[1:] - x[:-1] <= 0): + raise ValueError("Expect x to be a 1D strictly increasing sequence.") + if method == "qr" and any(x[1:] - x[:-1] < 0): + raise ValueError("Expect x to be a 1D non-decreasing sequence.") + + # number of coefficients + n = t.size - k - 1 + + # complex y: view as float, preserve the length + was_complex = y.dtype.kind == 'c' + yy = y.view(float) + if was_complex and y.ndim == 1: + yy = yy.reshape(y.shape[0], 2) + + # multiple r.h.s + extradim = prod(yy.shape[1:]) + yy = yy.reshape(-1, extradim) + + # complex y: view as float, preserve the length + was_complex = y.dtype.kind == 'c' + yy = y.view(float) + if was_complex and y.ndim == 1: + yy = yy.reshape(y.shape[0], 2) + + # multiple r.h.s + extradim = prod(yy.shape[1:]) + yy = yy.reshape(-1, extradim) + + if method == "norm-eq": + # construct A.T @ A and rhs with A the colocation matrix, and + # rhs = A.T @ y for solving the LSQ problem ``A.T @ A @ c = A.T @ y`` + lower = True + ab = np.zeros((k+1, n), dtype=np.float64, order='F') + rhs = np.zeros((n, extradim), dtype=np.float64) + _dierckx._norm_eq_lsq(x, t, k, + yy, + w, + ab.T, rhs) + + # undo complex -> float and flattening the trailing dims + if was_complex: + rhs = rhs.view(complex) + + rhs = rhs.reshape((n,) + y.shape[1:]) + + # have observation matrix & rhs, can solve the LSQ problem + cho_decomp = cholesky_banded(ab, overwrite_ab=True, lower=lower, + check_finite=check_finite) + m = rhs.shape[0] + c = cho_solve_banded((cho_decomp, lower), rhs.reshape(m, -1), overwrite_b=True, + check_finite=check_finite).reshape(rhs.shape) + elif method == "qr": + _, _, c, _, _ = _lsq_solve_qr(x, yy, t, k, w) + + if was_complex: + c = c.view(complex) + + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown {method =}.") + + + # restore the shape of `c` for both single and multiple r.h.s. + c = c.reshape((n,) + y.shape[1:]) + c = np.ascontiguousarray(c) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis) + + +###################### +# LSQ spline helpers # +###################### + +def _lsq_solve_qr_for_root_rati_periodic(x, y, t, k, w): + """Solve for the LSQ spline coeffs given x, y and knots. + + `y` is always 2D: for 1D data, the shape is ``(m, 1)``. + `w` is always 1D: one weight value per `x` value. + + """ + y_w = y * w[:, None] + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L221-L238 + R, H1, H2, offset, nc = _dierckx.data_matrix_periodic(x, t, k, w, False) + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L239-L314 + A1, A2, Z, p, _ = _dierckx.qr_reduce_periodic( + R, H1, H2, offset, nc, y_w, k, + len(t), True + ) # modifies arguments in-place + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpbacp.f + c, residuals, _ = _dierckx.fpbacp(A1, A2, Z, k, k, x, y, t, w) + return R, A1, A2, Z, y_w, c, p, residuals + + +def _lsq_solve_qr(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=False): + """Solve for the LSQ spline coeffs given x, y and knots. + + `y` is always 2D: for 1D data, the shape is ``(m, 1)``. + `w` is always 1D: one weight value per `x` value. + + """ + y_w = y * w[:, None] + if not periodic: + A, offset, nc = _dierckx.data_matrix(x, t, k, w) + _dierckx.qr_reduce(A, offset, nc, y_w) # modifies arguments in-place + c, residuals, fp = _dierckx.fpback(A, nc, x, y, t, k, w, y_w) + return A, y_w, c, fp, residuals + else: + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L221-L238 + R, H1, H2, offset, nc = _dierckx.data_matrix_periodic(x, t, k, w, False) + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L239-L314 + A1, A2, Z, fp = _dierckx.qr_reduce_periodic( + R, H1, H2, offset, nc, y_w, k, + len(t), False) # modifies arguments in-place + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpbacp.f + c, residuals, _ = _dierckx.fpbacp(A1, A2, Z, k, k, x, y, t, w) + return R, y_w, c, fp, residuals + + + + +############################# +# Smoothing spline helpers # +############################# + +def _compute_optimal_gcv_parameter(X, wE, y, w): + """ + Returns an optimal regularization parameter from the GCV criteria [1]. + + Parameters + ---------- + X : array, shape (5, n) + 5 bands of the design matrix ``X`` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + wE : array, shape (5, n) + 5 bands of the penalty matrix :math:`W^{-1} E` stored in LAPACK banded + storage. + y : array, shape (n,) + Ordinates. + w : array, shape (n,) + Vector of weights. + + Returns + ------- + lam : float + An optimal from the GCV criteria point of view regularization + parameter. + + Notes + ----- + No checks are performed. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] G. Wahba, "Estimating the smoothing parameter" in Spline models + for observational data, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Society for + Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1990, pp. 45-65. + :doi:`10.1137/1.9781611970128` + + """ + + def compute_banded_symmetric_XT_W_Y(X, w, Y): + """ + Assuming that the product :math:`X^T W Y` is symmetric and both ``X`` + and ``Y`` are 5-banded, compute the unique bands of the product. + + Parameters + ---------- + X : array, shape (5, n) + 5 bands of the matrix ``X`` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + w : array, shape (n,) + Array of weights + Y : array, shape (5, n) + 5 bands of the matrix ``Y`` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + + Returns + ------- + res : array, shape (4, n) + The result of the product :math:`X^T Y` stored in the banded way. + + Notes + ----- + As far as the matrices ``X`` and ``Y`` are 5-banded, their product + :math:`X^T W Y` is 7-banded. It is also symmetric, so we can store only + unique diagonals. + + """ + # compute W Y + W_Y = np.copy(Y) + + W_Y[2] *= w + for i in range(2): + W_Y[i, 2 - i:] *= w[:-2 + i] + W_Y[3 + i, :-1 - i] *= w[1 + i:] + + n = X.shape[1] + res = np.zeros((4, n)) + for i in range(n): + for j in range(min(n-i, 4)): + res[-j-1, i + j] = sum(X[j:, i] * W_Y[:5-j, i + j]) + return res + + def compute_b_inv(A): + """ + Inverse 3 central bands of matrix :math:`A=U^T D^{-1} U` assuming that + ``U`` is a unit upper triangular banded matrix using an algorithm + proposed in [1]. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : array, shape (4, n) + Matrix to inverse, stored in LAPACK banded storage. + + Returns + ------- + B : array, shape (4, n) + 3 unique bands of the symmetric matrix that is an inverse to ``A``. + The first row is filled with zeros. + + Notes + ----- + The algorithm is based on the cholesky decomposition and, therefore, + in case matrix ``A`` is close to not positive defined, the function + raises LinalgError. + + Both matrices ``A`` and ``B`` are stored in LAPACK banded storage. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] M. F. Hutchinson and F. R. de Hoog, "Smoothing noisy data with + spline functions," Numerische Mathematik, vol. 47, no. 1, + pp. 99-106, 1985. + :doi:`10.1007/BF01389878` + + """ + + def find_b_inv_elem(i, j, U, D, B): + rng = min(3, n - i - 1) + rng_sum = 0. + if j == 0: + # use 2-nd formula from [1] + for k in range(1, rng + 1): + rng_sum -= U[-k - 1, i + k] * B[-k - 1, i + k] + rng_sum += D[i] + B[-1, i] = rng_sum + else: + # use 1-st formula from [1] + for k in range(1, rng + 1): + diag = abs(k - j) + ind = i + min(k, j) + rng_sum -= U[-k - 1, i + k] * B[-diag - 1, ind + diag] + B[-j - 1, i + j] = rng_sum + + U = cholesky_banded(A) + for i in range(2, 5): + U[-i, i-1:] /= U[-1, :-i+1] + D = 1. / (U[-1])**2 + U[-1] /= U[-1] + + n = U.shape[1] + + B = np.zeros(shape=(4, n)) + for i in range(n - 1, -1, -1): + for j in range(min(3, n - i - 1), -1, -1): + find_b_inv_elem(i, j, U, D, B) + # the first row contains garbage and should be removed + B[0] = [0.] * n + return B + + def _gcv(lam, X, XtWX, wE, XtE, y): + r""" + Computes the generalized cross-validation criteria [1]. + + Parameters + ---------- + lam : float, (:math:`\lambda \geq 0`) + Regularization parameter. + X : array, shape (5, n) + Matrix is stored in LAPACK banded storage. + XtWX : array, shape (4, n) + Product :math:`X^T W X` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + wE : array, shape (5, n) + Matrix :math:`W^{-1} E` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + XtE : array, shape (4, n) + Product :math:`X^T E` stored in LAPACK banded storage. + + Returns + ------- + res : float + Value of the GCV criteria with the regularization parameter + :math:`\lambda`. + + Notes + ----- + Criteria is computed from the formula (1.3.2) [3]: + + .. math: + + GCV(\lambda) = \dfrac{1}{n} \sum\limits_{k = 1}^{n} \dfrac{ \left( + y_k - f_{\lambda}(x_k) \right)^2}{\left( 1 - \Tr{A}/n\right)^2}$. + The criteria is discussed in section 1.3 [3]. + + The numerator is computed using (2.2.4) [3] and the denominator is + computed using an algorithm from [2] (see in the ``compute_b_inv`` + function). + + References + ---------- + .. [1] G. Wahba, "Estimating the smoothing parameter" in Spline models + for observational data, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Society for + Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1990, pp. 45-65. + :doi:`10.1137/1.9781611970128` + .. [2] M. F. Hutchinson and F. R. de Hoog, "Smoothing noisy data with + spline functions," Numerische Mathematik, vol. 47, no. 1, + pp. 99-106, 1985. + :doi:`10.1007/BF01389878` + .. [3] E. Zemlyanoy, "Generalized cross-validation smoothing splines", + BSc thesis, 2022. Might be available (in Russian) + `here `_ + + """ + # Compute the numerator from (2.2.4) [3] + n = X.shape[1] + c = solve_banded((2, 2), X + lam * wE, y) + res = np.zeros(n) + # compute ``W^{-1} E c`` with respect to banded-storage of ``E`` + tmp = wE * c + for i in range(n): + for j in range(max(0, i - n + 3), min(5, i + 3)): + res[i] += tmp[j, i + 2 - j] + numer = np.linalg.norm(lam * res)**2 / n + + # compute the denominator + lhs = XtWX + lam * XtE + try: + b_banded = compute_b_inv(lhs) + # compute the trace of the product b_banded @ XtX + tr = b_banded * XtWX + tr[:-1] *= 2 + # find the denominator + denom = (1 - sum(sum(tr)) / n)**2 + except LinAlgError: + # cholesky decomposition cannot be performed + raise ValueError('Seems like the problem is ill-posed') + + res = numer / denom + + return res + + n = X.shape[1] + + XtWX = compute_banded_symmetric_XT_W_Y(X, w, X) + XtE = compute_banded_symmetric_XT_W_Y(X, w, wE) + + if y.ndim == 1: + gcv_est = minimize_scalar( + _gcv, bounds=(0, n), method='Bounded', args=(X, XtWX, wE, XtE, y) + ) + if gcv_est.success: + return gcv_est.x + raise ValueError(f"Unable to find minimum of the GCV " + f"function: {gcv_est.message}") + elif y.ndim == 2: + gcv_est = np.empty(y.shape[1]) + for i in range(y.shape[1]): + est = minimize_scalar( + _gcv, bounds=(0, n), method='Bounded', args=(X, XtWX, wE, XtE, y[:, i]) + ) + if est.success: + gcv_est[i] = est.x + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unable to find minimum of the GCV " + f"function: {gcv_est.message}") + return gcv_est + else: + # trailing dims must have been flattened already. + raise RuntimeError("Internal error. Please report it to scipy developers.") + + +def _coeff_of_divided_diff(x): + """ + Returns the coefficients of the divided difference. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array, shape (n,) + Array which is used for the computation of divided difference. + + Returns + ------- + res : array_like, shape (n,) + Coefficients of the divided difference. + + Notes + ----- + Vector ``x`` should have unique elements, otherwise an error division by + zero might be raised. + + No checks are performed. + + """ + n = x.shape[0] + res = np.zeros(n) + for i in range(n): + pp = 1. + for k in range(n): + if k != i: + pp *= (x[i] - x[k]) + res[i] = 1. / pp + return res + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def make_smoothing_spline(x, y, w=None, lam=None, *, axis=0): + r""" + Create a smoothing B-spline satisfying the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) criterion. + + Compute the (coefficients of) smoothing cubic spline function using + ``lam`` to control the tradeoff between the amount of smoothness of the + curve and its proximity to the data. In case ``lam`` is None, using the + GCV criteria [1] to find it. + + A smoothing spline is found as a solution to the regularized weighted + linear regression problem: + + .. math:: + + \sum\limits_{i=1}^n w_i\lvert y_i - f(x_i) \rvert^2 + + \lambda\int\limits_{x_1}^{x_n} (f^{(2)}(u))^2 d u + + where :math:`f` is a spline function, :math:`w` is a vector of weights and + :math:`\lambda` is a regularization parameter. + + If ``lam`` is None, we use the GCV criteria to find an optimal + regularization parameter, otherwise we solve the regularized weighted + linear regression problem with given parameter. The parameter controls + the tradeoff in the following way: the larger the parameter becomes, the + smoother the function gets. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + Abscissas. `n` must be at least 5. + y : array_like, shape (n, ...) + Ordinates. `n` must be at least 5. + w : array_like, shape (n,), optional + Vector of weights. Default is ``np.ones_like(x)``. + lam : float, (:math:`\lambda \geq 0`), optional + Regularization parameter. If ``lam`` is None, then it is found from + the GCV criteria. Default is None. + axis : int, optional + The data axis. Default is zero. + The assumption is that ``y.shape[axis] == n``, and all other axes of ``y`` + are batching axes. + + Returns + ------- + func : `BSpline` object + An object representing a spline in the B-spline basis + as a solution of the problem of smoothing splines using + the GCV criteria [1] in case ``lam`` is None, otherwise using the + given parameter ``lam``. + + Notes + ----- + This algorithm is a clean room reimplementation of the algorithm + introduced by Woltring in FORTRAN [2]. The original version cannot be used + in SciPy source code because of the license issues. The details of the + reimplementation are discussed here (available only in Russian) [4]. + + If the vector of weights ``w`` is None, we assume that all the points are + equal in terms of weights, and vector of weights is vector of ones. + + Note that in weighted residual sum of squares, weights are not squared: + :math:`\sum\limits_{i=1}^n w_i\lvert y_i - f(x_i) \rvert^2` while in + ``splrep`` the sum is built from the squared weights. + + In cases when the initial problem is ill-posed (for example, the product + :math:`X^T W X` where :math:`X` is a design matrix is not a positive + defined matrix) a ValueError is raised. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] G. Wahba, "Estimating the smoothing parameter" in Spline models for + observational data, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Society for Industrial + and Applied Mathematics, 1990, pp. 45-65. + :doi:`10.1137/1.9781611970128` + .. [2] H. J. Woltring, A Fortran package for generalized, cross-validatory + spline smoothing and differentiation, Advances in Engineering + Software, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 104-113, 1986. + :doi:`10.1016/0141-1195(86)90098-7` + .. [3] T. Hastie, J. Friedman, and R. Tisbshirani, "Smoothing Splines" in + The elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and + prediction, New York: Springer, 2017, pp. 241-249. + :doi:`10.1007/978-0-387-84858-7` + .. [4] E. Zemlyanoy, "Generalized cross-validation smoothing splines", + BSc thesis, 2022. + ``_ (in + Russian) + + Examples + -------- + Generate some noisy data + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> np.random.seed(1234) + >>> n = 200 + >>> def func(x): + ... return x**3 + x**2 * np.sin(4 * x) + >>> x = np.sort(np.random.random_sample(n) * 4 - 2) + >>> y = func(x) + np.random.normal(scale=1.5, size=n) + + Make a smoothing spline function + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import make_smoothing_spline + >>> spl = make_smoothing_spline(x, y) + + Plot both + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> grid = np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 400) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, '.') + >>> plt.plot(grid, spl(grid), label='Spline') + >>> plt.plot(grid, func(grid), label='Original function') + >>> plt.legend(loc='best') + >>> plt.show() + + """ # noqa:E501 + xp = array_namespace(x, y) + + x = np.ascontiguousarray(x, dtype=float) + y = np.ascontiguousarray(y, dtype=float) + + if any(x[1:] - x[:-1] <= 0): + raise ValueError('``x`` should be an ascending array') + + if x.ndim != 1 or x.shape[0] != y.shape[axis]: + raise ValueError(f'``x`` should be 1D and {x.shape = } == {y.shape = }') + + if w is None: + w = np.ones(len(x)) + else: + w = np.ascontiguousarray(w) + if any(w <= 0): + raise ValueError('Invalid vector of weights') + + t = np.r_[[x[0]] * 3, x, [x[-1]] * 3] + n = x.shape[0] + + if n <= 4: + raise ValueError('``x`` and ``y`` length must be at least 5') + + # Internals assume that the data axis is the zero-th axis + axis = normalize_axis_index(axis, y.ndim) + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, 0) + + # flatten the trailing axes of y to simplify further manipulations + y_shape1 = y.shape[1:] + if y_shape1 != (): + y = y.reshape((n, -1)) + + # It is known that the solution to the stated minimization problem exists + # and is a natural cubic spline with vector of knots equal to the unique + # elements of ``x`` [3], so we will solve the problem in the basis of + # natural splines. + + # create design matrix in the B-spline basis + X_bspl = BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, 3) + # move from B-spline basis to the basis of natural splines using equations + # (2.1.7) [4] + # central elements + X = np.zeros((5, n)) + for i in range(1, 4): + X[i, 2: -2] = X_bspl[i: i - 4, 3: -3][np.diag_indices(n - 4)] + + # first elements + X[1, 1] = X_bspl[0, 0] + X[2, :2] = ((x[2] + x[1] - 2 * x[0]) * X_bspl[0, 0], + X_bspl[1, 1] + X_bspl[1, 2]) + X[3, :2] = ((x[2] - x[0]) * X_bspl[1, 1], X_bspl[2, 2]) + + # last elements + X[1, -2:] = (X_bspl[-3, -3], (x[-1] - x[-3]) * X_bspl[-2, -2]) + X[2, -2:] = (X_bspl[-2, -3] + X_bspl[-2, -2], + (2 * x[-1] - x[-2] - x[-3]) * X_bspl[-1, -1]) + X[3, -2] = X_bspl[-1, -1] + + # create penalty matrix and divide it by vector of weights: W^{-1} E + wE = np.zeros((5, n)) + wE[2:, 0] = _coeff_of_divided_diff(x[:3]) / w[:3] + wE[1:, 1] = _coeff_of_divided_diff(x[:4]) / w[:4] + for j in range(2, n - 2): + wE[:, j] = (x[j+2] - x[j-2]) * _coeff_of_divided_diff(x[j-2:j+3])\ + / w[j-2: j+3] + + wE[:-1, -2] = -_coeff_of_divided_diff(x[-4:]) / w[-4:] + wE[:-2, -1] = _coeff_of_divided_diff(x[-3:]) / w[-3:] + wE *= 6 + + if lam is None: + lam = _compute_optimal_gcv_parameter(X, wE, y, w) + elif lam < 0.: + raise ValueError('Regularization parameter should be non-negative') + + # solve the initial problem in the basis of natural splines + if np.ndim(lam) == 0: + c = solve_banded((2, 2), X + lam * wE, y) + elif np.ndim(lam) == 1: + # XXX: solve_banded does not suppport batched `ab` matrices; loop manually + c = np.empty((n, lam.shape[0])) + for i in range(lam.shape[0]): + c[:, i] = solve_banded((2, 2), X + lam[i] * wE, y[:, i]) + else: + # this should not happen, ever + raise RuntimeError("Internal error, please report it to SciPy developers.") + c = c.reshape((c.shape[0], *y_shape1)) + + # hack: these are c[0], c[1] etc, shape-compatible with np.r_ below + c0, c1 = c[0:1, ...], c[1:2, ...] # c[0], c[1] + cm0, cm1 = c[-1:-2:-1, ...], c[-2:-3:-1, ...] # c[-1], c[-2] + + # move back to B-spline basis using equations (2.2.10) [4] + c_ = np.r_[c0 * (t[5] + t[4] - 2 * t[3]) + c1, + c0 * (t[5] - t[3]) + c1, + c[1: -1, ...], + cm0 * (t[-4] - t[-6]) + cm1, + cm0 * (2 * t[-4] - t[-5] - t[-6]) + cm1] + + t, c_ = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c_) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c_, 3, axis=axis) + + +######################## +# FITPACK look-alikes # +######################## + +def fpcheck(x, t, k, periodic=False): + """Check consistency of data vector `x` and knot vector `t`. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (m,) + 1D sorted array of data points. + t : array_like, shape (n,) + 1D non-decreasing knot vector. + k : int + Degree of the spline. + periodic : bool, optional + Whether the spline is periodic. Default is False. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If the configuration of `x`, `t`, and `k` violates any required condition. + """ + # This routine is a unified clone of the FITPACK Fortran routines `fpchec.f` + # and `fpchep.f`: + # - https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpchec.f + # - https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpchep.f + # + # These routines verify the number and position of the knots t(j), j=1,...,n, + # of a spline of degree k, relative to the number and distribution of data points + # x(i), i=1,...,m. If all of the following conditions are fulfilled, + # validation passes. + # + # For non-periodic splines: + # 1) k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m + # 2) t(1) <= t(2) <= ... <= t(k+1) + # t(n-k) <= t(n-k+1) <= ... <= t(n) + # 3) t(k+1) < t(k+2) < ... < t(n-k) + # 4) t(k+1) <= x(i) <= t(n-k) + # 5) Schoenberg-Whitney conditions hold: there exists a subset y(j) such that + # t(j) < y(j) < t(j+k+1), for j = 1, ..., n-k-1 + # + # For periodic splines: + # 1) k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m + k - 1 + # 2) Same boundary knot monotonicity as above + # 3) Same strict interior knot increase as above + # 4) t(k+1) <= x(i) <= t(n-k) + # 5) Schoenberg-Whitney conditions must hold for *some periodic shift* + # of the data sequence; i.e. wrapped data points x(i) must satisfy + # t(j) < y(j) < t(j+k+1), j = k+1, ..., n-k-1 + x = np.asarray(x) + t = np.asarray(t) + + if x.ndim != 1 or t.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"Expect `x` and `t` be 1D sequences. Got {x = } and {t = }") + + m = x.shape[0] + n = t.shape[0] + nk1 = n - k - 1 + + # check condition no 1 + if periodic: + # c 1) k+1 <= nk1 <= m+k-1 + if not (k + 1 <= nk1 <= m + k - 1): + raise ValueError(f"Need k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m+k-1. Got {m = }, {n = }, {k = }") + else: + # c 1) k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m + if not (k + 1 <= nk1 <= m): + raise ValueError(f"Need k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m. Got {m = }, {n = } and {k = }.") + + # check condition no 2 + # c 2) t(1) <= t(2) <= ... <= t(k+1) + # c t(n-k) <= t(n-k+1) <= ... <= t(n) + if (t[:k+1] > t[1:k+2]).any(): + raise ValueError(f"First k knots must be ordered; got {t = }.") + + if (t[nk1:] < t[nk1-1:-1]).any(): + raise ValueError(f"Last k knots must be ordered; got {t = }.") + + # c check condition no 3 + # c 3) t(k+1) < t(k+2) < ... < t(n-k) + if (t[k+1:n-k] <= t[k:n-k-1]).any(): + raise ValueError(f"Internal knots must be distinct. Got {t = }.") + + # c check condition no 4 + # c 4) t(k+1) <= x(i) <= t(n-k) + # NB: FITPACK's fpchec only checks x[0] & x[-1], so we follow. + if (x[0] < t[k]) or (x[-1] > t[n-k-1]): + raise ValueError(f"Out of bounds: {x = } and {t = }.") + + # c check condition no 5 + # c 5) the conditions specified by Schoenberg and Whitney must hold + # c for at least one subset of data points y(j) such that + # c t(j) < y(j) < t(j+k+1) + # c + # c For non-periodic splines: + # c j = 1, 2, ..., n-k-1 (i.e., j in [1, n-k-1]) + # c The data points must lie strictly inside some B-spline supports. + # c + # c For periodic splines: + # c j = k+1, ..., n-k-1 + # c The condition must hold for a wrapped subset of the data points, + # c i.e., there exists a cyclic shift of the data such that + # c t(j) < x(i) < t(j+k+1) + # c holds for all j in that range. The test must account for the + # c periodic domain length: per = t(n-k) - t(k+1), and wrap around x(i) + # c as x(i) + per if needed. + mesg = f"Schoenberg-Whitney condition is violated with {t = } and {x =}." + + if periodic: + per = t[n - k - 1] - t[k] + m1 = m - 1 + for shift in range(1, m): + for j in range(k, nk1): + tj = t[j] + tl = t[j + k + 1] + found = False + for i in range(shift, shift + m1 + 1): + idx = i if i < m else i - m + xi = x[idx] + (0 if i < m else per) + if tj < xi < tl: + found = True + break + if not found: + break + else: + return + raise ValueError(mesg) + else: + if (x[0] >= t[k+1]) or (x[-1] <= t[n-k-2]): + raise ValueError(mesg) + + m = x.shape[0] + l = k+1 + nk3 = n - k - 3 + if nk3 < 2: + return + for j in range(1, nk3+1): + tj = t[j] + l += 1 + tl = t[l] + i = np.argmax(x > tj) + if i >= m-1: + raise ValueError(mesg) + if x[i] >= tl: + raise ValueError(mesg) + return diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_cubic.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_cubic.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13b5dd1b9f565f3179a16483eb5dedadedbf3eda --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_cubic.py @@ -0,0 +1,1029 @@ +"""Interpolation algorithms using piecewise cubic polynomials.""" + +from typing import Literal + +import numpy as np + +from scipy.linalg import solve, solve_banded +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_size, xp_capabilities +from scipy._lib.array_api_compat import numpy as np_compat + +from . import PPoly +from ._polyint import _isscalar + +__all__ = ["CubicHermiteSpline", "PchipInterpolator", "pchip_interpolate", + "Akima1DInterpolator", "CubicSpline"] + + +def prepare_input(x, y, axis, dydx=None, xp=None): + """Prepare input for cubic spline interpolators. + + All data are converted to numpy arrays and checked for correctness. + Axes equal to `axis` of arrays `y` and `dydx` are moved to be the 0th + axis. The value of `axis` is converted to lie in + [0, number of dimensions of `y`). + """ + + x, y = map(xp.asarray, (x, y)) + if xp.isdtype(x.dtype, "complex floating"): + raise ValueError("`x` must contain real values.") + x = xp.astype(x, xp.float64) + + if xp.isdtype(y.dtype, "complex floating"): + dtype = xp.complex128 + else: + dtype = xp.float64 + + if dydx is not None: + dydx = xp.asarray(dydx) + if y.shape != dydx.shape: + raise ValueError("The shapes of `y` and `dydx` must be identical.") + if xp.isdtype(dydx.dtype, "complex floating"): + dtype = xp.complex128 + dydx = xp.astype(dydx, dtype, copy=False) + + y = xp.astype(y, dtype, copy=False) + axis = axis % y.ndim + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("`x` must be 1-dimensional.") + if x.shape[0] < 2: + raise ValueError("`x` must contain at least 2 elements.") + if x.shape[0] != y.shape[axis]: + raise ValueError(f"The length of `y` along `axis`={axis} doesn't " + "match the length of `x`") + + if not xp.all(xp.isfinite(x)): + raise ValueError("`x` must contain only finite values.") + if not xp.all(xp.isfinite(y)): + raise ValueError("`y` must contain only finite values.") + + if dydx is not None and not xp.all(xp.isfinite(dydx)): + raise ValueError("`dydx` must contain only finite values.") + + dx = xp.diff(x) + if xp.any(dx <= 0): + raise ValueError("`x` must be strictly increasing sequence.") + + y = xp.moveaxis(y, axis, 0) + if dydx is not None: + dydx = xp.moveaxis(dydx, axis, 0) + + return x, dx, y, axis, dydx + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class CubicHermiteSpline(PPoly): + """Piecewise cubic interpolator to fit values and first derivatives (C1 smooth). + + The result is represented as a `PPoly` instance. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + 1-D array containing values of the independent variable. + Values must be real, finite and in strictly increasing order. + y : array_like + Array containing values of the dependent variable. It can have + arbitrary number of dimensions, but the length along ``axis`` + (see below) must match the length of ``x``. Values must be finite. + dydx : array_like + Array containing derivatives of the dependent variable. It can have + arbitrary number of dimensions, but the length along ``axis`` + (see below) must match the length of ``x``. Values must be finite. + axis : int, optional + Axis along which `y` is assumed to be varying. Meaning that for + ``x[i]`` the corresponding values are ``np.take(y, i, axis=axis)``. + Default is 0. + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If 'periodic', + periodic extrapolation is used. If None (default), it is set to True. + + Attributes + ---------- + x : ndarray, shape (n,) + Breakpoints. The same ``x`` which was passed to the constructor. + c : ndarray, shape (4, n-1, ...) + Coefficients of the polynomials on each segment. The trailing + dimensions match the dimensions of `y`, excluding ``axis``. + For example, if `y` is 1-D, then ``c[k, i]`` is a coefficient for + ``(x-x[i])**(3-k)`` on the segment between ``x[i]`` and ``x[i+1]``. + axis : int + Interpolation axis. The same axis which was passed to the + constructor. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + solve + roots + + See Also + -------- + Akima1DInterpolator : Akima 1D interpolator. + PchipInterpolator : PCHIP 1-D monotonic cubic interpolator. + CubicSpline : Cubic spline data interpolator. + PPoly : Piecewise polynomial in terms of coefficients and breakpoints + + Notes + ----- + If you want to create a higher-order spline matching higher-order + derivatives, use `BPoly.from_derivatives`. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] `Cubic Hermite spline + `_ + on Wikipedia. + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, dydx, axis=0, extrapolate=None): + xp = array_namespace(x, y, dydx) + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + + x, dx, y, axis, dydx = prepare_input(x, y, axis, dydx, xp=xp) + + dxr = xp.reshape(dx, (dx.shape[0], ) + (1, ) * (y.ndim - 1)) + slope = xp.diff(y, axis=0) / dxr + t = (dydx[:-1, ...] + dydx[1:, ...] - 2 * slope) / dxr + + c = xp.stack(( + t / dxr, + (slope - dydx[:-1, ...]) / dxr - t, + dydx[:-1, ...], + y[:-1, ...] + )) + + super().__init__(c, x, extrapolate=extrapolate) + self.axis = axis + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class PchipInterpolator(CubicHermiteSpline): + r"""PCHIP shape-preserving interpolator (C1 smooth). + + ``x`` and ``y`` are arrays of values used to approximate some function f, + with ``y = f(x)``. The interpolant uses monotonic cubic splines + to find the value of new points. (PCHIP stands for Piecewise Cubic + Hermite Interpolating Polynomial). + + Parameters + ---------- + x : ndarray, shape (npoints, ) + A 1-D array of monotonically increasing real values. ``x`` cannot + include duplicate values (otherwise f is overspecified) + y : ndarray, shape (..., npoints, ...) + An N-D array of real values. ``y``'s length along the interpolation + axis must be equal to the length of ``x``. Use the ``axis`` + parameter to select the interpolation axis. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the ``y`` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. Defaults + to ``axis=0``. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + solve + roots + + + See Also + -------- + CubicHermiteSpline : Piecewise-cubic interpolator. + Akima1DInterpolator : Akima 1D interpolator. + CubicSpline : Cubic spline data interpolator. + PPoly : Piecewise polynomial in terms of coefficients and breakpoints. + + Notes + ----- + The interpolator preserves monotonicity in the interpolation data and does + not overshoot if the data is not smooth. + + The first derivatives are guaranteed to be continuous, but the second + derivatives may jump at :math:`x_k`. + + Determines the derivatives at the points :math:`x_k`, :math:`f'_k`, + by using PCHIP algorithm [1]_. + + Let :math:`h_k = x_{k+1} - x_k`, and :math:`d_k = (y_{k+1} - y_k) / h_k` + are the slopes at internal points :math:`x_k`. + If the signs of :math:`d_k` and :math:`d_{k-1}` are different or either of + them equals zero, then :math:`f'_k = 0`. Otherwise, it is given by the + weighted harmonic mean + + .. math:: + + \frac{w_1 + w_2}{f'_k} = \frac{w_1}{d_{k-1}} + \frac{w_2}{d_k} + + where :math:`w_1 = 2 h_k + h_{k-1}` and :math:`w_2 = h_k + 2 h_{k-1}`. + + The end slopes are set using a one-sided scheme [2]_. + + + References + ---------- + .. [1] F. N. Fritsch and J. Butland, + A method for constructing local + monotone piecewise cubic interpolants, + SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 5(2), 300-304 (1984). + :doi:`10.1137/0905021`. + .. [2] C. Moler, Numerical Computing with Matlab, 2004. + :doi:`10.1137/1.9780898717952` + + """ + + # PchipInterpolator is not generic in scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = None + + def __init__(self, x, y, axis=0, extrapolate=None): + xp = array_namespace(x, y) + x, _, y, axis, _ = prepare_input(x, y, axis, xp=xp) + if xp.isdtype(y.dtype, "complex floating"): + msg = ("`PchipInterpolator` only works with real values for `y`. " + "If you are trying to use the real components of the passed array, " + "use `np.real` on the array before passing to `PchipInterpolator`.") + raise ValueError(msg) + xv = xp.reshape(x, (x.shape[0],) + (1,)*(y.ndim-1)) + dk = self._find_derivatives(xv, y, xp=xp) + super().__init__(x, y, dk, axis=0, extrapolate=extrapolate) + self.axis = axis + + @staticmethod + def _edge_case(h0, h1, m0, m1, xp): + # one-sided three-point estimate for the derivative + d = ((2*h0 + h1)*m0 - h0*m1) / (h0 + h1) + + # try to preserve shape + mask = xp.sign(d) != xp.sign(m0) + mask2 = (xp.sign(m0) != xp.sign(m1)) & (xp.abs(d) > 3.*xp.abs(m0)) + mmm = (~mask) & mask2 + + d[mask] = 0. + d[mmm] = 3.*m0[mmm] + + return d + + @staticmethod + def _find_derivatives(x, y, xp): + # Determine the derivatives at the points y_k, d_k, by using + # PCHIP algorithm is: + # We choose the derivatives at the point x_k by + # Let m_k be the slope of the kth segment (between k and k+1) + # If m_k=0 or m_{k-1}=0 or sgn(m_k) != sgn(m_{k-1}) then d_k == 0 + # else use weighted harmonic mean: + # w_1 = 2h_k + h_{k-1}, w_2 = h_k + 2h_{k-1} + # 1/d_k = 1/(w_1 + w_2)*(w_1 / m_k + w_2 / m_{k-1}) + # where h_k is the spacing between x_k and x_{k+1} + y_shape = y.shape + if y.ndim == 1: + # So that _edge_case doesn't end up assigning to scalars + x = x[:, None] + y = y[:, None] + + hk = x[1:] - x[:-1] + mk = (y[1:] - y[:-1]) / hk + + if y.shape[0] == 2: + # edge case: only have two points, use linear interpolation + dk = xp.zeros_like(y) + dk[0] = mk + dk[1] = mk + return xp.reshape(dk, y_shape) + + smk = xp.sign(mk) + condition = (smk[1:] != smk[:-1]) | (mk[1:] == 0) | (mk[:-1] == 0) + + w1 = 2*hk[1:] + hk[:-1] + w2 = hk[1:] + 2*hk[:-1] + + # values where division by zero occurs will be excluded + # by 'condition' afterwards + with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'): + whmean = (w1/mk[:-1] + w2/mk[1:]) / (w1 + w2) + + dk = np.zeros_like(y) + dk[1:-1][condition] = 0.0 + dk[1:-1][~condition] = 1.0 / whmean[~condition] + + # special case endpoints, as suggested in + # Cleve Moler, Numerical Computing with MATLAB, Chap 3.6 (pchiptx.m) + dk[0] = PchipInterpolator._edge_case(hk[0], hk[1], mk[0], mk[1], xp=xp) + dk[-1] = PchipInterpolator._edge_case(hk[-1], hk[-2], mk[-1], mk[-2], xp=xp) + + return xp.reshape(dk, y_shape) + + +def pchip_interpolate(xi, yi, x, der=0, axis=0): + """ + Convenience function for pchip interpolation. + + xi and yi are arrays of values used to approximate some function f, + with ``yi = f(xi)``. The interpolant uses monotonic cubic splines + to find the value of new points x and the derivatives there. + + See `scipy.interpolate.PchipInterpolator` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like + A sorted list of x-coordinates, of length N. + yi : array_like + A 1-D array of real values. `yi`'s length along the interpolation + axis must be equal to the length of `xi`. If N-D array, use axis + parameter to select correct axis. + x : scalar or array_like + Of length M. + der : int or list, optional + Derivatives to extract. The 0th derivative can be included to + return the function value. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the yi array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. + + Returns + ------- + y : scalar or array_like + The result, of length R or length M or M by R. + + See Also + -------- + PchipInterpolator : PCHIP 1-D monotonic cubic interpolator. + + Examples + -------- + We can interpolate 2D observed data using pchip interpolation: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import pchip_interpolate + >>> x_observed = np.linspace(0.0, 10.0, 11) + >>> y_observed = np.sin(x_observed) + >>> x = np.linspace(min(x_observed), max(x_observed), num=100) + >>> y = pchip_interpolate(x_observed, y_observed, x) + >>> plt.plot(x_observed, y_observed, "o", label="observation") + >>> plt.plot(x, y, label="pchip interpolation") + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + """ + P = PchipInterpolator(xi, yi, axis=axis) + + if der == 0: + return P(x) + elif _isscalar(der): + return P.derivative(der)(x) + else: + return [P.derivative(nu)(x) for nu in der] + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, xfail_backends=[ + ("dask.array", "lacks nd fancy indexing"), + ("jax.numpy", "immutable arrays"), + ("array_api_strict", "fancy indexing __setitem__"), +]) +class Akima1DInterpolator(CubicHermiteSpline): + r"""Akima "visually pleasing" interpolator (C1 smooth). + + Fit piecewise cubic polynomials, given vectors x and y. The interpolation + method by Akima uses a continuously differentiable sub-spline built from + piecewise cubic polynomials. The resultant curve passes through the given + data points and will appear smooth and natural. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : ndarray, shape (npoints, ) + 1-D array of monotonically increasing real values. + y : ndarray, shape (..., npoints, ...) + N-D array of real values. The length of ``y`` along the interpolation axis + must be equal to the length of ``x``. Use the ``axis`` parameter to + select the interpolation axis. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the ``y`` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. Defaults + to ``axis=0``. + method : {'akima', 'makima'}, optional + If ``"makima"``, use the modified Akima interpolation [2]_. + Defaults to ``"akima"``, use the Akima interpolation [1]_. + + .. versionadded:: 1.13.0 + + extrapolate : {bool, None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If None, + ``extrapolate`` is set to False. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + solve + roots + + See Also + -------- + PchipInterpolator : PCHIP 1-D monotonic cubic interpolator. + CubicSpline : Cubic spline data interpolator. + PPoly : Piecewise polynomial in terms of coefficients and breakpoints + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.14 + + Use only for precise data, as the fitted curve passes through the given + points exactly. This routine is useful for plotting a pleasingly smooth + curve through a few given points for purposes of plotting. + + Let :math:`\delta_i = (y_{i+1} - y_i) / (x_{i+1} - x_i)` be the slopes of + the interval :math:`\left[x_i, x_{i+1}\right)`. Akima's derivative at + :math:`x_i` is defined as: + + .. math:: + + d_i = \frac{w_1}{w_1 + w_2}\delta_{i-1} + \frac{w_2}{w_1 + w_2}\delta_i + + In the Akima interpolation [1]_ (``method="akima"``), the weights are: + + .. math:: + + \begin{aligned} + w_1 &= |\delta_{i+1} - \delta_i| \\ + w_2 &= |\delta_{i-1} - \delta_{i-2}| + \end{aligned} + + In the modified Akima interpolation [2]_ (``method="makima"``), + to eliminate overshoot and avoid edge cases of both numerator and + denominator being equal to 0, the weights are modified as follows: + + .. math:: + + \begin{align*} + w_1 &= |\delta_{i+1} - \delta_i| + |\delta_{i+1} + \delta_i| / 2 \\ + w_2 &= |\delta_{i-1} - \delta_{i-2}| + |\delta_{i-1} + \delta_{i-2}| / 2 + \end{align*} + + Examples + -------- + Comparison of ``method="akima"`` and ``method="makima"``: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import Akima1DInterpolator + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> x = np.linspace(1, 7, 7) + >>> y = np.array([-1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 1]) + >>> xs = np.linspace(min(x), max(x), num=100) + >>> y_akima = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method="akima")(xs) + >>> y_makima = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method="makima")(xs) + + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(x, y, "o", label="data") + >>> ax.plot(xs, y_akima, label="akima") + >>> ax.plot(xs, y_makima, label="makima") + >>> ax.legend() + >>> fig.show() + + The overshoot that occurred in ``"akima"`` has been avoided in ``"makima"``. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] A new method of interpolation and smooth curve fitting based + on local procedures. Hiroshi Akima, J. ACM, October 1970, 17(4), + 589-602. :doi:`10.1145/321607.321609` + .. [2] Makima Piecewise Cubic Interpolation. Cleve Moler and Cosmin Ionita, 2019. + https://blogs.mathworks.com/cleve/2019/04/29/makima-piecewise-cubic-interpolation/ + + """ + + # PchipInterpolator is not generic in scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = None + + def __init__(self, x, y, axis=0, *, method: Literal["akima", "makima"]="akima", + extrapolate:bool | None = None): + if method not in {"akima", "makima"}: + raise NotImplementedError(f"`method`={method} is unsupported.") + # Original implementation in MATLAB by N. Shamsundar (BSD licensed), see + # https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/1814-akima-interpolation + + xp = array_namespace(x, y) + x, dx, y, axis, _ = prepare_input(x, y, axis, xp=xp) + + if xp.isdtype(y.dtype, "complex floating"): + msg = ("`Akima1DInterpolator` only works with real values for `y`. " + "If you are trying to use the real components of the passed array, " + "use `np.real` on the array before passing to " + "`Akima1DInterpolator`.") + raise ValueError(msg) + + # Akima extrapolation historically False; parent class defaults to True. + extrapolate = False if extrapolate is None else extrapolate + + if y.shape[0] == 2: + # edge case: only have two points, use linear interpolation + xv = xp.reshape(x, (x.shape[0],) + (1,)*(y.ndim-1)) + hk = xv[1:, ...] - xv[:-1, ...] + mk = (y[1:, ...] - y[:-1, ...]) / hk + t = xp.zeros_like(y) + t[...] = mk + else: + # determine slopes between breakpoints + m = xp.empty((x.shape[0] + 3, ) + y.shape[1:]) + dx = dx[(slice(None), ) + (None, ) * (y.ndim - 1)] + m[2:-2, ...] = xp.diff(y, axis=0) / dx + + # add two additional points on the left ... + m[1, ...] = 2. * m[2, ...] - m[3, ...] + m[0, ...] = 2. * m[1, ...] - m[2, ...] + # ... and on the right + m[-2, ...] = 2. * m[-3, ...] - m[-4, ...] + m[-1, ...] = 2. * m[-2, ...] - m[-3, ...] + + # if m1 == m2 != m3 == m4, the slope at the breakpoint is not + # defined. This is the fill value: + t = .5 * (m[3:, ...] + m[:-3, ...]) + # get the denominator of the slope t + dm = xp.abs(xp.diff(m, axis=0)) + if method == "makima": + pm = xp.abs(m[1:, ...] + m[:-1, ...]) + f1 = dm[2:, ...] + 0.5 * pm[2:, ...] + f2 = dm[:-2, ...] + 0.5 * pm[:-2, ...] + else: + f1 = dm[2:, ...] + f2 = dm[:-2, ...] + + # makima is more numerically stable for small f12, + # so a finite cutoff should not improve any behavior + # however, akima has a qualitative discontinuity near f12=0 + # a finite cutoff moves it, but cannot remove it. + # the cutoff break_mult could be made a keyword argument + # method='akima' also benefits from a check for m2=m3 + break_mult = 1.e-9 + + f12 = f1 + f2 + + # These are the mask of where the slope at breakpoint is defined: + mmax = xp.max(f12) if xp_size(f12) > 0 else -xp.inf + ind = xp.nonzero(f12 > break_mult * mmax) + + x_ind, y_ind = ind[0], ind[1:] + # Set the slope at breakpoint + t[ind] = m[(x_ind + 1,) + y_ind] + ( + (f2[ind] / f12[ind]) + * (m[(x_ind + 2,) + y_ind] - m[(x_ind + 1,) + y_ind]) + ) + + super().__init__(x, y, t, axis=0, extrapolate=extrapolate) + self.axis = axis + + def extend(self, c, x, right=True): + raise NotImplementedError("Extending a 1-D Akima interpolator is not " + "yet implemented") + + # These are inherited from PPoly, but they do not produce an Akima + # interpolator. Hence stub them out. + @classmethod + def from_spline(cls, tck, extrapolate=None): + raise NotImplementedError("This method does not make sense for " + "an Akima interpolator.") + + @classmethod + def from_bernstein_basis(cls, bp, extrapolate=None): + raise NotImplementedError("This method does not make sense for " + "an Akima interpolator.") + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class CubicSpline(CubicHermiteSpline): + """Piecewise cubic interpolator to fit values (C2 smooth). + + Interpolate data with a piecewise cubic polynomial which is twice + continuously differentiable [1]_. The result is represented as a `PPoly` + instance with breakpoints matching the given data. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + 1-D array containing values of the independent variable. + Values must be real, finite and in strictly increasing order. + y : array_like + Array containing values of the dependent variable. It can have + arbitrary number of dimensions, but the length along ``axis`` + (see below) must match the length of ``x``. Values must be finite. + axis : int, optional + Axis along which `y` is assumed to be varying. Meaning that for + ``x[i]`` the corresponding values are ``np.take(y, i, axis=axis)``. + Default is 0. + bc_type : string or 2-tuple, optional + Boundary condition type. Two additional equations, given by the + boundary conditions, are required to determine all coefficients of + polynomials on each segment [2]_. + + If `bc_type` is a string, then the specified condition will be applied + at both ends of a spline. Available conditions are: + + * 'not-a-knot' (default): The first and second segment at a curve end + are the same polynomial. It is a good default when there is no + information on boundary conditions. + * 'periodic': The interpolated functions is assumed to be periodic + of period ``x[-1] - x[0]``. The first and last value of `y` must be + identical: ``y[0] == y[-1]``. This boundary condition will result in + ``y'[0] == y'[-1]`` and ``y''[0] == y''[-1]``. + * 'clamped': The first derivative at curves ends are zero. Assuming + a 1D `y`, ``bc_type=((1, 0.0), (1, 0.0))`` is the same condition. + * 'natural': The second derivative at curve ends are zero. Assuming + a 1D `y`, ``bc_type=((2, 0.0), (2, 0.0))`` is the same condition. + + If `bc_type` is a 2-tuple, the first and the second value will be + applied at the curve start and end respectively. The tuple values can + be one of the previously mentioned strings (except 'periodic') or a + tuple ``(order, deriv_values)`` allowing to specify arbitrary + derivatives at curve ends: + + * `order`: the derivative order, 1 or 2. + * `deriv_value`: array_like containing derivative values, shape must + be the same as `y`, excluding ``axis`` dimension. For example, if + `y` is 1-D, then `deriv_value` must be a scalar. If `y` is 3-D with + the shape (n0, n1, n2) and axis=2, then `deriv_value` must be 2-D + and have the shape (n0, n1). + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If 'periodic', + periodic extrapolation is used. If None (default), ``extrapolate`` is + set to 'periodic' for ``bc_type='periodic'`` and to True otherwise. + + Attributes + ---------- + x : ndarray, shape (n,) + Breakpoints. The same ``x`` which was passed to the constructor. + c : ndarray, shape (4, n-1, ...) + Coefficients of the polynomials on each segment. The trailing + dimensions match the dimensions of `y`, excluding ``axis``. + For example, if `y` is 1-d, then ``c[k, i]`` is a coefficient for + ``(x-x[i])**(3-k)`` on the segment between ``x[i]`` and ``x[i+1]``. + axis : int + Interpolation axis. The same axis which was passed to the + constructor. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + solve + roots + + See Also + -------- + Akima1DInterpolator : Akima 1D interpolator. + PchipInterpolator : PCHIP 1-D monotonic cubic interpolator. + PPoly : Piecewise polynomial in terms of coefficients and breakpoints. + + Notes + ----- + Parameters `bc_type` and ``extrapolate`` work independently, i.e. the + former controls only construction of a spline, and the latter only + evaluation. + + When a boundary condition is 'not-a-knot' and n = 2, it is replaced by + a condition that the first derivative is equal to the linear interpolant + slope. When both boundary conditions are 'not-a-knot' and n = 3, the + solution is sought as a parabola passing through given points. + + When 'not-a-knot' boundary conditions is applied to both ends, the + resulting spline will be the same as returned by `splrep` (with ``s=0``) + and `InterpolatedUnivariateSpline`, but these two methods use a + representation in B-spline basis. + + .. versionadded:: 0.18.0 + + Examples + -------- + In this example the cubic spline is used to interpolate a sampled sinusoid. + You can see that the spline continuity property holds for the first and + second derivatives and violates only for the third derivative. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import CubicSpline + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> x = np.arange(10) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> cs = CubicSpline(x, y) + >>> xs = np.arange(-0.5, 9.6, 0.1) + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6.5, 4)) + >>> ax.plot(x, y, 'o', label='data') + >>> ax.plot(xs, np.sin(xs), label='true') + >>> ax.plot(xs, cs(xs), label="S") + >>> ax.plot(xs, cs(xs, 1), label="S'") + >>> ax.plot(xs, cs(xs, 2), label="S''") + >>> ax.plot(xs, cs(xs, 3), label="S'''") + >>> ax.set_xlim(-0.5, 9.5) + >>> ax.legend(loc='lower left', ncol=2) + >>> plt.show() + + In the second example, the unit circle is interpolated with a spline. A + periodic boundary condition is used. You can see that the first derivative + values, ds/dx=0, ds/dy=1 at the periodic point (1, 0) are correctly + computed. Note that a circle cannot be exactly represented by a cubic + spline. To increase precision, more breakpoints would be required. + + >>> theta = 2 * np.pi * np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + >>> y = np.c_[np.cos(theta), np.sin(theta)] + >>> cs = CubicSpline(theta, y, bc_type='periodic') + >>> print("ds/dx={:.1f} ds/dy={:.1f}".format(cs(0, 1)[0], cs(0, 1)[1])) + ds/dx=0.0 ds/dy=1.0 + >>> xs = 2 * np.pi * np.linspace(0, 1, 100) + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(6.5, 4)) + >>> ax.plot(y[:, 0], y[:, 1], 'o', label='data') + >>> ax.plot(np.cos(xs), np.sin(xs), label='true') + >>> ax.plot(cs(xs)[:, 0], cs(xs)[:, 1], label='spline') + >>> ax.axes.set_aspect('equal') + >>> ax.legend(loc='center') + >>> plt.show() + + The third example is the interpolation of a polynomial y = x**3 on the + interval 0 <= x<= 1. A cubic spline can represent this function exactly. + To achieve that we need to specify values and first derivatives at + endpoints of the interval. Note that y' = 3 * x**2 and thus y'(0) = 0 and + y'(1) = 3. + + >>> cs = CubicSpline([0, 1], [0, 1], bc_type=((1, 0), (1, 3))) + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 1) + >>> np.allclose(x**3, cs(x)) + True + + References + ---------- + .. [1] `Cubic Spline Interpolation + `_ + on Wikiversity. + .. [2] Carl de Boor, "A Practical Guide to Splines", Springer-Verlag, 1978. + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, axis=0, bc_type='not-a-knot', extrapolate=None): + xp = array_namespace(x, y) + x, dx, y, axis, _ = prepare_input(x, y, axis, xp=np_compat) + n = len(x) + + bc, y = self._validate_bc(bc_type, y, y.shape[1:], axis) + + if extrapolate is None: + if bc[0] == 'periodic': + extrapolate = 'periodic' + else: + extrapolate = True + + if y.size == 0: + # bail out early for zero-sized arrays + s = np.zeros_like(y) + else: + dxr = dx.reshape([dx.shape[0]] + [1] * (y.ndim - 1)) + slope = np.diff(y, axis=0) / dxr + + # If bc is 'not-a-knot' this change is just a convention. + # If bc is 'periodic' then we already checked that y[0] == y[-1], + # and the spline is just a constant, we handle this case in the + # same way by setting the first derivatives to slope, which is 0. + if n == 2: + if bc[0] in ['not-a-knot', 'periodic']: + bc[0] = (1, slope[0]) + if bc[1] in ['not-a-knot', 'periodic']: + bc[1] = (1, slope[0]) + + # This is a special case, when both conditions are 'not-a-knot' + # and n == 3. In this case 'not-a-knot' can't be handled regularly + # as the both conditions are identical. We handle this case by + # constructing a parabola passing through given points. + if n == 3 and bc[0] == 'not-a-knot' and bc[1] == 'not-a-knot': + A = np.zeros((3, 3)) # This is a standard matrix. + b = np.empty((3,) + y.shape[1:], dtype=y.dtype) + + A[0, 0] = 1 + A[0, 1] = 1 + A[1, 0] = dx[1] + A[1, 1] = 2 * (dx[0] + dx[1]) + A[1, 2] = dx[0] + A[2, 1] = 1 + A[2, 2] = 1 + + b[0] = 2 * slope[0] + b[1] = 3 * (dxr[0] * slope[1] + dxr[1] * slope[0]) + b[2] = 2 * slope[1] + + m = b.shape[0] + s = solve(A, b.reshape(m, -1), overwrite_a=True, overwrite_b=True, + check_finite=False).reshape(b.shape) + elif n == 3 and bc[0] == 'periodic': + # In case when number of points is 3 we compute the derivatives + # manually + t = (slope / dxr).sum(0) / (1. / dxr).sum(0) + s = np.broadcast_to(t, (n,) + y.shape[1:]) + else: + # Find derivative values at each x[i] by solving a tridiagonal + # system. + A = np.zeros((3, n)) # This is a banded matrix representation. + b = np.empty((n,) + y.shape[1:], dtype=y.dtype) + + # Filling the system for i=1..n-2 + # (x[i-1] - x[i]) * s[i-1] +\ + # 2 * ((x[i] - x[i-1]) + (x[i+1] - x[i])) * s[i] +\ + # (x[i] - x[i-1]) * s[i+1] =\ + # 3 * ((x[i+1] - x[i])*(y[i] - y[i-1])/(x[i] - x[i-1]) +\ + # (x[i] - x[i-1])*(y[i+1] - y[i])/(x[i+1] - x[i])) + + A[1, 1:-1] = 2 * (dx[:-1] + dx[1:]) # The diagonal + A[0, 2:] = dx[:-1] # The upper diagonal + A[-1, :-2] = dx[1:] # The lower diagonal + + b[1:-1] = 3 * (dxr[1:] * slope[:-1] + dxr[:-1] * slope[1:]) + + bc_start, bc_end = bc + + if bc_start == 'periodic': + # Due to the periodicity, and because y[-1] = y[0], the + # linear system has (n-1) unknowns/equations instead of n: + A = A[:, 0:-1] + A[1, 0] = 2 * (dx[-1] + dx[0]) + A[0, 1] = dx[-1] + + b = b[:-1] + + # Also, due to the periodicity, the system is not tri-diagonal. + # We need to compute a "condensed" matrix of shape (n-2, n-2). + # See https://web.archive.org/web/20151220180652/http://www.cfm.brown.edu/people/gk/chap6/node14.html + # for more explanations. + # The condensed matrix is obtained by removing the last column + # and last row of the (n-1, n-1) system matrix. The removed + # values are saved in scalar variables with the (n-1, n-1) + # system matrix indices forming their names: + a_m1_0 = dx[-2] # lower left corner value: A[-1, 0] + a_m1_m2 = dx[-1] + a_m1_m1 = 2 * (dx[-1] + dx[-2]) + a_m2_m1 = dx[-3] + a_0_m1 = dx[0] + + b[0] = 3 * (dxr[0] * slope[-1] + dxr[-1] * slope[0]) + b[-1] = 3 * (dxr[-1] * slope[-2] + dxr[-2] * slope[-1]) + + Ac = A[:, :-1] + b1 = b[:-1] + b2 = np.zeros_like(b1) + b2[0] = -a_0_m1 + b2[-1] = -a_m2_m1 + + # s1 and s2 are the solutions of (n-2, n-2) system + m = b1.shape[0] + s1 = solve_banded((1, 1), Ac, b1.reshape(m, -1), overwrite_ab=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=False) + s1 = s1.reshape(b1.shape) + + m = b2.shape[0] + s2 = solve_banded((1, 1), Ac, b2.reshape(m, -1), overwrite_ab=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=False) + s2 = s2.reshape(b2.shape) + + # computing the s[n-2] solution: + s_m1 = ((b[-1] - a_m1_0 * s1[0] - a_m1_m2 * s1[-1]) / + (a_m1_m1 + a_m1_0 * s2[0] + a_m1_m2 * s2[-1])) + + # s is the solution of the (n, n) system: + s = np.empty((n,) + y.shape[1:], dtype=y.dtype) + s[:-2] = s1 + s_m1 * s2 + s[-2] = s_m1 + s[-1] = s[0] + else: + if bc_start == 'not-a-knot': + A[1, 0] = dx[1] + A[0, 1] = x[2] - x[0] + d = x[2] - x[0] + b[0] = ((dxr[0] + 2*d) * dxr[1] * slope[0] + + dxr[0]**2 * slope[1]) / d + elif bc_start[0] == 1: + A[1, 0] = 1 + A[0, 1] = 0 + b[0] = bc_start[1] + elif bc_start[0] == 2: + A[1, 0] = 2 * dx[0] + A[0, 1] = dx[0] + b[0] = -0.5 * bc_start[1] * dx[0]**2 + 3 * (y[1] - y[0]) + + if bc_end == 'not-a-knot': + A[1, -1] = dx[-2] + A[-1, -2] = x[-1] - x[-3] + d = x[-1] - x[-3] + b[-1] = ((dxr[-1]**2*slope[-2] + + (2*d + dxr[-1])*dxr[-2]*slope[-1]) / d) + elif bc_end[0] == 1: + A[1, -1] = 1 + A[-1, -2] = 0 + b[-1] = bc_end[1] + elif bc_end[0] == 2: + A[1, -1] = 2 * dx[-1] + A[-1, -2] = dx[-1] + b[-1] = 0.5 * bc_end[1] * dx[-1]**2 + 3 * (y[-1] - y[-2]) + + m = b.shape[0] + s = solve_banded((1, 1), A, b.reshape(m, -1), overwrite_ab=True, + overwrite_b=True, check_finite=False) + s = s.reshape(b.shape) + + x, y, s = map(xp.asarray, (x, y, s)) + super().__init__(x, y, s, axis=0, extrapolate=extrapolate) + self.axis = axis + + @staticmethod + def _validate_bc(bc_type, y, expected_deriv_shape, axis): + """Validate and prepare boundary conditions. + + Returns + ------- + validated_bc : 2-tuple + Boundary conditions for a curve start and end. + y : ndarray + y casted to complex dtype if one of the boundary conditions has + complex dtype. + """ + if isinstance(bc_type, str): + if bc_type == 'periodic': + if not np.allclose(y[0], y[-1], rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15): + raise ValueError( + f"The first and last `y` point along axis {axis} must " + "be identical (within machine precision) when " + "bc_type='periodic'.") + + bc_type = (bc_type, bc_type) + + else: + if len(bc_type) != 2: + raise ValueError("`bc_type` must contain 2 elements to " + "specify start and end conditions.") + + if 'periodic' in bc_type: + raise ValueError("'periodic' `bc_type` is defined for both " + "curve ends and cannot be used with other " + "boundary conditions.") + + validated_bc = [] + for bc in bc_type: + if isinstance(bc, str): + if bc == 'clamped': + validated_bc.append((1, np.zeros(expected_deriv_shape))) + elif bc == 'natural': + validated_bc.append((2, np.zeros(expected_deriv_shape))) + elif bc in ['not-a-knot', 'periodic']: + validated_bc.append(bc) + else: + raise ValueError(f"bc_type={bc} is not allowed.") + else: + try: + deriv_order, deriv_value = bc + except Exception as e: + raise ValueError( + "A specified derivative value must be " + "given in the form (order, value)." + ) from e + + if deriv_order not in [1, 2]: + raise ValueError("The specified derivative order must " + "be 1 or 2.") + + deriv_value = np.asarray(deriv_value) + if deriv_value.shape != expected_deriv_shape: + raise ValueError( + f"`deriv_value` shape {deriv_value.shape} is not " + f"the expected one {expected_deriv_shape}." + ) + + if np.issubdtype(deriv_value.dtype, np.complexfloating): + y = y.astype(complex, copy=False) + + validated_bc.append((deriv_order, deriv_value)) + + return validated_bc, y diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_dfitpack.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_dfitpack.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1ab92adc867069a234989e11eae0ff615fabb765 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_dfitpack.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a8d277e02a8c78c4999da03915ac32c8837bbbccb9dc1037c78ccf8f38a1bfe7 +size 312368 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_dierckx.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_dierckx.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 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a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack2.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..df0fd2e1ecaa389c5e0ab9b07a5972bc00655d41 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack2.py @@ -0,0 +1,2408 @@ +""" +fitpack --- curve and surface fitting with splines + +fitpack is based on a collection of Fortran routines DIERCKX +by P. Dierckx (see http://www.netlib.org/dierckx/) transformed +to double routines by Pearu Peterson. +""" +# Created by Pearu Peterson, June,August 2003 +__all__ = [ + 'UnivariateSpline', + 'InterpolatedUnivariateSpline', + 'LSQUnivariateSpline', + 'BivariateSpline', + 'LSQBivariateSpline', + 'SmoothBivariateSpline', + 'LSQSphereBivariateSpline', + 'SmoothSphereBivariateSpline', + 'RectBivariateSpline', + 'RectSphereBivariateSpline'] + + +import warnings +from threading import Lock + +from numpy import zeros, concatenate, ravel, diff, array +import numpy as np + +from . import _fitpack_impl +from . import _dfitpack as dfitpack +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +dfitpack_int = dfitpack.types.intvar.dtype +FITPACK_LOCK = Lock() + + +# ############### Univariate spline #################### + +_curfit_messages = {1: """ +The required storage space exceeds the available storage space, as +specified by the parameter nest: nest too small. If nest is already +large (say nest > m/2), it may also indicate that s is too small. +The approximation returned is the weighted least-squares spline +according to the knots t[0],t[1],...,t[n-1]. (n=nest) the parameter fp +gives the corresponding weighted sum of squared residuals (fp>s). +""", + 2: """ +A theoretically impossible result was found during the iteration +process for finding a smoothing spline with fp = s: s too small. +There is an approximation returned but the corresponding weighted sum +of squared residuals does not satisfy the condition abs(fp-s)/s < tol.""", + 3: """ +The maximal number of iterations maxit (set to 20 by the program) +allowed for finding a smoothing spline with fp=s has been reached: s +too small. +There is an approximation returned but the corresponding weighted sum +of squared residuals does not satisfy the condition abs(fp-s)/s < tol.""", + 10: """ +Error on entry, no approximation returned. The following conditions +must hold: +xb<=x[0]0, i=0..m-1 +if iopt=-1: + xb>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> x, y = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]), np.array([1, np.nan, 3, 4]) + >>> w = np.isnan(y) + >>> y[w] = 0. + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, w=~w) + + Notice the need to replace a ``nan`` by a numerical value (precise value + does not matter as long as the corresponding weight is zero.) + + References + ---------- + Based on algorithms described in [1]_, [2]_, [3]_, and [4]_: + + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "An algorithm for smoothing, differentiation and + integration of experimental data using spline functions", + J.Comp.Appl.Maths 1 (1975) 165-184. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "A fast algorithm for smoothing data on a rectangular + grid while using spline functions", SIAM J.Numer.Anal. 19 (1982) + 1286-1304. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "An improved algorithm for curve fitting with spline + functions", report tw54, Dept. Computer Science,K.U. Leuven, 1981. + .. [4] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 50) + >>> y = np.exp(-x**2) + 0.1 * rng.standard_normal(50) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'ro', ms=5) + + Use the default value for the smoothing parameter: + + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y) + >>> xs = np.linspace(-3, 3, 1000) + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), 'g', lw=3) + + Manually change the amount of smoothing: + + >>> spl.set_smoothing_factor(0.5) + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), 'b', lw=3) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, w=None, bbox=[None]*2, k=3, s=None, + ext=0, check_finite=False): + + x, y, w, bbox, self.ext = self.validate_input(x, y, w, bbox, k, s, ext, + check_finite) + + # _data == x,y,w,xb,xe,k,s,n,t,c,fp,fpint,nrdata,ier + with FITPACK_LOCK: + data = dfitpack.fpcurf0(x, y, k, w=w, xb=bbox[0], + xe=bbox[1], s=s) + if data[-1] == 1: + # nest too small, setting to maximum bound + data = self._reset_nest(data) + self._data = data + self._reset_class() + + @staticmethod + def validate_input(x, y, w, bbox, k, s, ext, check_finite): + x, y, bbox = np.asarray(x), np.asarray(y), np.asarray(bbox) + if w is not None: + w = np.asarray(w) + if check_finite: + w_finite = np.isfinite(w).all() if w is not None else True + if (not np.isfinite(x).all() or not np.isfinite(y).all() or + not w_finite): + raise ValueError("x and y array must not contain " + "NaNs or infs.") + if s is None or s > 0: + if not np.all(diff(x) >= 0.0): + raise ValueError("x must be increasing if s > 0") + else: + if not np.all(diff(x) > 0.0): + raise ValueError("x must be strictly increasing if s = 0") + if x.size != y.size: + raise ValueError("x and y should have a same length") + elif w is not None and not x.size == y.size == w.size: + raise ValueError("x, y, and w should have a same length") + elif bbox.shape != (2,): + raise ValueError("bbox shape should be (2,)") + elif not (1 <= k <= 5): + raise ValueError("k should be 1 <= k <= 5") + elif s is not None and not s >= 0.0: + raise ValueError("s should be s >= 0.0") + + try: + ext = _extrap_modes[ext] + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown extrapolation mode {ext}.") from e + + return x, y, w, bbox, ext + + @classmethod + def _from_tck(cls, tck, ext=0): + """Construct a spline object from given tck""" + self = cls.__new__(cls) + t, c, k = tck + self._eval_args = tck + # _data == x,y,w,xb,xe,k,s,n,t,c,fp,fpint,nrdata,ier + self._data = (None, None, None, None, None, k, None, len(t), t, + c, None, None, None, None) + self.ext = ext + return self + + def _reset_class(self): + data = self._data + n, t, c, k, ier = data[7], data[8], data[9], data[5], data[-1] + self._eval_args = t[:n], c[:n], k + if ier == 0: + # the spline returned has a residual sum of squares fp + # such that abs(fp-s)/s <= tol with tol a relative + # tolerance set to 0.001 by the program + pass + elif ier == -1: + # the spline returned is an interpolating spline + self._set_class(InterpolatedUnivariateSpline) + elif ier == -2: + # the spline returned is the weighted least-squares + # polynomial of degree k. In this extreme case fp gives + # the upper bound fp0 for the smoothing factor s. + self._set_class(LSQUnivariateSpline) + else: + # error + if ier == 1: + self._set_class(LSQUnivariateSpline) + message = _curfit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=3) + + def _set_class(self, cls): + self._spline_class = cls + if self.__class__ in (UnivariateSpline, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + LSQUnivariateSpline): + self.__class__ = cls + else: + # It's an unknown subclass -- don't change class. cf. #731 + pass + + def _reset_nest(self, data, nest=None): + n = data[10] + if nest is None: + k, m = data[5], len(data[0]) + nest = m+k+1 # this is the maximum bound for nest + else: + if not n <= nest: + raise ValueError("`nest` can only be increased") + t, c, fpint, nrdata = (np.resize(data[j], nest) for j in + [8, 9, 11, 12]) + + args = data[:8] + (t, c, n, fpint, nrdata, data[13]) + with FITPACK_LOCK: + data = dfitpack.fpcurf1(*args) + return data + + def set_smoothing_factor(self, s): + """ Continue spline computation with the given smoothing + factor s and with the knots found at the last call. + + This routine modifies the spline in place. + + """ + data = self._data + if data[6] == -1: + warnings.warn('smoothing factor unchanged for' + 'LSQ spline with fixed knots', + stacklevel=2) + return + args = data[:6] + (s,) + data[7:] + with FITPACK_LOCK: + data = dfitpack.fpcurf1(*args) + if data[-1] == 1: + # nest too small, setting to maximum bound + data = self._reset_nest(data) + self._data = data + self._reset_class() + + def __call__(self, x, nu=0, ext=None): + """ + Evaluate spline (or its nu-th derivative) at positions x. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + A 1-D array of points at which to return the value of the smoothed + spline or its derivatives. Note: `x` can be unordered but the + evaluation is more efficient if `x` is (partially) ordered. + nu : int + The order of derivative of the spline to compute. + ext : int + Controls the value returned for elements of `x` not in the + interval defined by the knot sequence. + + * if ext=0 or 'extrapolate', return the extrapolated value. + * if ext=1 or 'zeros', return 0 + * if ext=2 or 'raise', raise a ValueError + * if ext=3 or 'const', return the boundary value. + + The default value is 0, passed from the initialization of + UnivariateSpline. + + """ + x = np.asarray(x) + # empty input yields empty output + if x.size == 0: + return array([]) + if ext is None: + ext = self.ext + else: + try: + ext = _extrap_modes[ext] + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError(f"Unknown extrapolation mode {ext}.") from e + with FITPACK_LOCK: + return _fitpack_impl.splev(x, self._eval_args, der=nu, ext=ext) + + def get_knots(self): + """ Return positions of interior knots of the spline. + + Internally, the knot vector contains ``2*k`` additional boundary knots. + """ + data = self._data + k, n = data[5], data[7] + return data[8][k:n-k] + + def get_coeffs(self): + """Return spline coefficients.""" + data = self._data + k, n = data[5], data[7] + return data[9][:n-k-1] + + def get_residual(self): + """Return weighted sum of squared residuals of the spline approximation. + + This is equivalent to:: + + sum((w[i] * (y[i]-spl(x[i])))**2, axis=0) + + """ + return self._data[10] + + def integral(self, a, b): + """ Return definite integral of the spline between two given points. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : float + Lower limit of integration. + b : float + Upper limit of integration. + + Returns + ------- + integral : float + The value of the definite integral of the spline between limits. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 3, 11) + >>> y = x**2 + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y) + >>> spl.integral(0, 3) + 9.0 + + which agrees with :math:`\\int x^2 dx = x^3 / 3` between the limits + of 0 and 3. + + A caveat is that this routine assumes the spline to be zero outside of + the data limits: + + >>> spl.integral(-1, 4) + 9.0 + >>> spl.integral(-1, 0) + 0.0 + + """ + with FITPACK_LOCK: + return _fitpack_impl.splint(a, b, self._eval_args) + + def derivatives(self, x): + """ Return all derivatives of the spline at the point x. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : float + The point to evaluate the derivatives at. + + Returns + ------- + der : ndarray, shape(k+1,) + Derivatives of the orders 0 to k. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 3, 11) + >>> y = x**2 + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y) + >>> spl.derivatives(1.5) + array([2.25, 3.0, 2.0, 0]) + + """ + with FITPACK_LOCK: + return _fitpack_impl.spalde(x, self._eval_args) + + def roots(self): + """ Return the zeros of the spline. + + Notes + ----- + Restriction: only cubic splines are supported by FITPACK. For non-cubic + splines, use `PPoly.root` (see below for an example). + + Examples + -------- + + For some data, this method may miss a root. This happens when one of + the spline knots (which FITPACK places automatically) happens to + coincide with the true root. A workaround is to convert to `PPoly`, + which uses a different root-finding algorithm. + + For example, + + >>> x = [1.96, 1.97, 1.98, 1.99, 2.00, 2.01, 2.02, 2.03, 2.04, 2.05] + >>> y = [-6.365470e-03, -4.790580e-03, -3.204320e-03, -1.607270e-03, + ... 4.440892e-16, 1.616930e-03, 3.243000e-03, 4.877670e-03, + ... 6.520430e-03, 8.170770e-03] + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, s=0) + >>> spl.roots() + array([], dtype=float64) + + Converting to a PPoly object does find the roots at `x=2`: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, PPoly + >>> tck = splrep(x, y, s=0) + >>> ppoly = PPoly.from_spline(tck) + >>> ppoly.roots(extrapolate=False) + array([2.]) + + See Also + -------- + sproot + PPoly.roots + + """ + k = self._data[5] + if k == 3: + t = self._eval_args[0] + mest = 3 * (len(t) - 7) + with FITPACK_LOCK: + return _fitpack_impl.sproot(self._eval_args, mest=mest) + raise NotImplementedError('finding roots unsupported for ' + 'non-cubic splines') + + def derivative(self, n=1): + """ + Construct a new spline representing the derivative of this spline. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int, optional + Order of derivative to evaluate. Default: 1 + + Returns + ------- + spline : UnivariateSpline + Spline of order k2=k-n representing the derivative of this + spline. + + See Also + -------- + splder, antiderivative + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.13.0 + + Examples + -------- + This can be used for finding maxima of a curve: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 10, 70) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=4, s=0) + + Now, differentiate the spline and find the zeros of the + derivative. (NB: `sproot` only works for order 3 splines, so we + fit an order 4 spline): + + >>> spl.derivative().roots() / np.pi + array([ 0.50000001, 1.5 , 2.49999998]) + + This agrees well with roots :math:`\\pi/2 + n\\pi` of + :math:`\\cos(x) = \\sin'(x)`. + + """ + with FITPACK_LOCK: + tck = _fitpack_impl.splder(self._eval_args, n) + # if self.ext is 'const', derivative.ext will be 'zeros' + ext = 1 if self.ext == 3 else self.ext + return UnivariateSpline._from_tck(tck, ext=ext) + + def antiderivative(self, n=1): + """ + Construct a new spline representing the antiderivative of this spline. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int, optional + Order of antiderivative to evaluate. Default: 1 + + Returns + ------- + spline : UnivariateSpline + Spline of order k2=k+n representing the antiderivative of this + spline. + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.13.0 + + See Also + -------- + splantider, derivative + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline + >>> x = np.linspace(0, np.pi/2, 70) + >>> y = 1 / np.sqrt(1 - 0.8*np.sin(x)**2) + >>> spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, s=0) + + The derivative is the inverse operation of the antiderivative, + although some floating point error accumulates: + + >>> spl(1.7), spl.antiderivative().derivative()(1.7) + (array(2.1565429877197317), array(2.1565429877201865)) + + Antiderivative can be used to evaluate definite integrals: + + >>> ispl = spl.antiderivative() + >>> ispl(np.pi/2) - ispl(0) + 2.2572053588768486 + + This is indeed an approximation to the complete elliptic integral + :math:`K(m) = \\int_0^{\\pi/2} [1 - m\\sin^2 x]^{-1/2} dx`: + + >>> from scipy.special import ellipk + >>> ellipk(0.8) + 2.2572053268208538 + + """ + with FITPACK_LOCK: + tck = _fitpack_impl.splantider(self._eval_args, n) + return UnivariateSpline._from_tck(tck, self.ext) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(UnivariateSpline): + """ + 1-D interpolating spline for a given set of data points. + + .. legacy:: class + + Specifically, we recommend using `make_interp_spline` instead. + + Fits a spline y = spl(x) of degree `k` to the provided `x`, `y` data. + Spline function passes through all provided points. Equivalent to + `UnivariateSpline` with `s` = 0. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (N,) array_like + Input dimension of data points -- must be strictly increasing + y : (N,) array_like + input dimension of data points + w : (N,) array_like, optional + Weights for spline fitting. Must be positive. If None (default), + weights are all 1. + bbox : (2,) array_like, optional + 2-sequence specifying the boundary of the approximation interval. If + None (default), ``bbox=[x[0], x[-1]]``. + k : int, optional + Degree of the smoothing spline. Must be ``1 <= k <= 5``. Default is + ``k = 3``, a cubic spline. + ext : int or str, optional + Controls the extrapolation mode for elements + not in the interval defined by the knot sequence. + + * if ext=0 or 'extrapolate', return the extrapolated value. + * if ext=1 or 'zeros', return 0 + * if ext=2 or 'raise', raise a ValueError + * if ext=3 of 'const', return the boundary value. + + The default value is 0. + + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input arrays contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination or non-sensical results) if the inputs + do contain infinities or NaNs. + Default is False. + + See Also + -------- + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + LSQUnivariateSpline : + a spline for which knots are user-selected + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + splrep : + a function to find the B-spline representation of a 1-D curve + splev : + a function to evaluate a B-spline or its derivatives + sproot : + a function to find the roots of a cubic B-spline + splint : + a function to evaluate the definite integral of a B-spline between two + given points + spalde : + a function to evaluate all derivatives of a B-spline + + Notes + ----- + The number of data points must be larger than the spline degree `k`. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import InterpolatedUnivariateSpline + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 50) + >>> y = np.exp(-x**2) + 0.1 * rng.standard_normal(50) + >>> spl = InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x, y) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'ro', ms=5) + >>> xs = np.linspace(-3, 3, 1000) + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), 'g', lw=3, alpha=0.7) + >>> plt.show() + + Notice that the ``spl(x)`` interpolates `y`: + + >>> spl.get_residual() + 0.0 + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, w=None, bbox=[None]*2, k=3, + ext=0, check_finite=False): + + x, y, w, bbox, self.ext = self.validate_input(x, y, w, bbox, k, None, + ext, check_finite) + if not np.all(diff(x) > 0.0): + raise ValueError('x must be strictly increasing') + + # _data == x,y,w,xb,xe,k,s,n,t,c,fp,fpint,nrdata,ier + with FITPACK_LOCK: + self._data = dfitpack.fpcurf0(x, y, k, w=w, xb=bbox[0], + xe=bbox[1], s=0) + self._reset_class() + + +_fpchec_error_string = """The input parameters have been rejected by fpchec. \ +This means that at least one of the following conditions is violated: + +1) k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m +2) t(1) <= t(2) <= ... <= t(k+1) + t(n-k) <= t(n-k+1) <= ... <= t(n) +3) t(k+1) < t(k+2) < ... < t(n-k) +4) t(k+1) <= x(i) <= t(n-k) +5) The conditions specified by Schoenberg and Whitney must hold + for at least one subset of data points, i.e., there must be a + subset of data points y(j) such that + t(j) < y(j) < t(j+k+1), j=1,2,...,n-k-1 +""" + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class LSQUnivariateSpline(UnivariateSpline): + """ + 1-D spline with explicit internal knots. + + .. legacy:: class + + Specifically, we recommend using `make_lsq_spline` instead. + + + Fits a spline y = spl(x) of degree `k` to the provided `x`, `y` data. `t` + specifies the internal knots of the spline + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (N,) array_like + Input dimension of data points -- must be increasing + y : (N,) array_like + Input dimension of data points + t : (M,) array_like + interior knots of the spline. Must be in ascending order and:: + + bbox[0] < t[0] < ... < t[-1] < bbox[-1] + + w : (N,) array_like, optional + weights for spline fitting. Must be positive. If None (default), + weights are all 1. + bbox : (2,) array_like, optional + 2-sequence specifying the boundary of the approximation interval. If + None (default), ``bbox = [x[0], x[-1]]``. + k : int, optional + Degree of the smoothing spline. Must be 1 <= `k` <= 5. + Default is `k` = 3, a cubic spline. + ext : int or str, optional + Controls the extrapolation mode for elements + not in the interval defined by the knot sequence. + + * if ext=0 or 'extrapolate', return the extrapolated value. + * if ext=1 or 'zeros', return 0 + * if ext=2 or 'raise', raise a ValueError + * if ext=3 of 'const', return the boundary value. + + The default value is 0. + + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input arrays contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination or non-sensical results) if the inputs + do contain infinities or NaNs. + Default is False. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If the interior knots do not satisfy the Schoenberg-Whitney conditions + + See Also + -------- + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline : + a interpolating univariate spline for a given set of data points. + splrep : + a function to find the B-spline representation of a 1-D curve + splev : + a function to evaluate a B-spline or its derivatives + sproot : + a function to find the roots of a cubic B-spline + splint : + a function to evaluate the definite integral of a B-spline between two + given points + spalde : + a function to evaluate all derivatives of a B-spline + + Notes + ----- + The number of data points must be larger than the spline degree `k`. + + Knots `t` must satisfy the Schoenberg-Whitney conditions, + i.e., there must be a subset of data points ``x[j]`` such that + ``t[j] < x[j] < t[j+k+1]``, for ``j=0, 1,...,n-k-2``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import LSQUnivariateSpline, UnivariateSpline + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 50) + >>> y = np.exp(-x**2) + 0.1 * rng.standard_normal(50) + + Fit a smoothing spline with a pre-defined internal knots: + + >>> t = [-1, 0, 1] + >>> spl = LSQUnivariateSpline(x, y, t) + + >>> xs = np.linspace(-3, 3, 1000) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'ro', ms=5) + >>> plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), 'g-', lw=3) + >>> plt.show() + + Check the knot vector: + + >>> spl.get_knots() + array([-3., -1., 0., 1., 3.]) + + Constructing lsq spline using the knots from another spline: + + >>> x = np.arange(10) + >>> s = UnivariateSpline(x, x, s=0) + >>> s.get_knots() + array([ 0., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 9.]) + >>> knt = s.get_knots() + >>> s1 = LSQUnivariateSpline(x, x, knt[1:-1]) # Chop 1st and last knot + >>> s1.get_knots() + array([ 0., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 9.]) + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, t, w=None, bbox=[None]*2, k=3, + ext=0, check_finite=False): + + x, y, w, bbox, self.ext = self.validate_input(x, y, w, bbox, k, None, + ext, check_finite) + if not np.all(diff(x) >= 0.0): + raise ValueError('x must be increasing') + + # _data == x,y,w,xb,xe,k,s,n,t,c,fp,fpint,nrdata,ier + xb = bbox[0] + xe = bbox[1] + if xb is None: + xb = x[0] + if xe is None: + xe = x[-1] + t = concatenate(([xb]*(k+1), t, [xe]*(k+1))) + n = len(t) + if not np.all(t[k+1:n-k]-t[k:n-k-1] > 0, axis=0): + raise ValueError('Interior knots t must satisfy ' + 'Schoenberg-Whitney conditions') + with FITPACK_LOCK: + if not dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0: + raise ValueError(_fpchec_error_string) + data = dfitpack.fpcurfm1(x, y, k, t, w=w, xb=xb, xe=xe) + self._data = data[:-3] + (None, None, data[-1]) + self._reset_class() + + +# ############### Bivariate spline #################### + +class _BivariateSplineBase: + """ Base class for Bivariate spline s(x,y) interpolation on the rectangle + [xb,xe] x [yb, ye] calculated from a given set of data points + (x,y,z). + + See Also + -------- + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + SphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline on a spherical grid + """ + + @classmethod + def _from_tck(cls, tck): + """Construct a spline object from given tck and degree""" + self = cls.__new__(cls) + if len(tck) != 5: + raise ValueError("tck should be a 5 element tuple of tx," + " ty, c, kx, ky") + self.tck = tck[:3] + self.degrees = tck[3:] + return self + + def get_residual(self): + """ Return weighted sum of squared residuals of the spline + approximation: sum ((w[i]*(z[i]-s(x[i],y[i])))**2,axis=0) + """ + return self.fp + + def get_knots(self): + """ Return a tuple (tx,ty) where tx,ty contain knots positions + of the spline with respect to x-, y-variable, respectively. + The position of interior and additional knots are given as + t[k+1:-k-1] and t[:k+1]=b, t[-k-1:]=e, respectively. + """ + return self.tck[:2] + + def get_coeffs(self): + """ Return spline coefficients.""" + return self.tck[2] + + def __call__(self, x, y, dx=0, dy=0, grid=True): + """ + Evaluate the spline or its derivatives at given positions. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y : array_like + Input coordinates. + + If `grid` is False, evaluate the spline at points ``(x[i], + y[i]), i=0, ..., len(x)-1``. Standard Numpy broadcasting + is obeyed. + + If `grid` is True: evaluate spline at the grid points + defined by the coordinate arrays x, y. The arrays must be + sorted to increasing order. + + The ordering of axes is consistent with + ``np.meshgrid(..., indexing="ij")`` and inconsistent with the + default ordering ``np.meshgrid(..., indexing="xy")``. + dx : int + Order of x-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + dy : int + Order of y-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + grid : bool + Whether to evaluate the results on a grid spanned by the + input arrays, or at points specified by the input arrays. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + Examples + -------- + Suppose that we want to bilinearly interpolate an exponentially decaying + function in 2 dimensions. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RectBivariateSpline + + We sample the function on a coarse grid. Note that the default indexing="xy" + of meshgrid would result in an unexpected (transposed) result after + interpolation. + + >>> xarr = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100) + >>> yarr = np.linspace(-3, 3, 100) + >>> xgrid, ygrid = np.meshgrid(xarr, yarr, indexing="ij") + + The function to interpolate decays faster along one axis than the other. + + >>> zdata = np.exp(-np.sqrt((xgrid / 2) ** 2 + ygrid**2)) + + Next we sample on a finer grid using interpolation (kx=ky=1 for bilinear). + + >>> rbs = RectBivariateSpline(xarr, yarr, zdata, kx=1, ky=1) + >>> xarr_fine = np.linspace(-3, 3, 200) + >>> yarr_fine = np.linspace(-3, 3, 200) + >>> xgrid_fine, ygrid_fine = np.meshgrid(xarr_fine, yarr_fine, indexing="ij") + >>> zdata_interp = rbs(xgrid_fine, ygrid_fine, grid=False) + + And check that the result agrees with the input by plotting both. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 1, aspect="equal") + >>> ax2 = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 2, aspect="equal") + >>> ax1.imshow(zdata) + >>> ax2.imshow(zdata_interp) + >>> plt.show() + """ + x = np.asarray(x) + y = np.asarray(y) + + tx, ty, c = self.tck[:3] + kx, ky = self.degrees + if grid: + if x.size == 0 or y.size == 0: + return np.zeros((x.size, y.size), dtype=self.tck[2].dtype) + + if (x.size >= 2) and (not np.all(np.diff(x) >= 0.0)): + raise ValueError("x must be strictly increasing when `grid` is True") + if (y.size >= 2) and (not np.all(np.diff(y) >= 0.0)): + raise ValueError("y must be strictly increasing when `grid` is True") + + if dx or dy: + with FITPACK_LOCK: + z, ier = dfitpack.parder(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, dx, dy, x, y) + if not ier == 0: + raise ValueError(f"Error code returned by parder: {ier}") + else: + with FITPACK_LOCK: + z, ier = dfitpack.bispev(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, x, y) + if not ier == 0: + raise ValueError(f"Error code returned by bispev: {ier}") + else: + # standard Numpy broadcasting + if x.shape != y.shape: + x, y = np.broadcast_arrays(x, y) + + shape = x.shape + x = x.ravel() + y = y.ravel() + + if x.size == 0 or y.size == 0: + return np.zeros(shape, dtype=self.tck[2].dtype) + + if dx or dy: + with FITPACK_LOCK: + z, ier = dfitpack.pardeu(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, dx, dy, x, y) + if not ier == 0: + raise ValueError(f"Error code returned by pardeu: {ier}") + else: + with FITPACK_LOCK: + z, ier = dfitpack.bispeu(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, x, y) + if not ier == 0: + raise ValueError(f"Error code returned by bispeu: {ier}") + + z = z.reshape(shape) + return z + + def partial_derivative(self, dx, dy): + """Construct a new spline representing a partial derivative of this + spline. + + Parameters + ---------- + dx, dy : int + Orders of the derivative in x and y respectively. They must be + non-negative integers and less than the respective degree of the + original spline (self) in that direction (``kx``, ``ky``). + + Returns + ------- + spline : + A new spline of degrees (``kx - dx``, ``ky - dy``) representing the + derivative of this spline. + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 1.9.0 + + """ + if dx == 0 and dy == 0: + return self + else: + kx, ky = self.degrees + if not (dx >= 0 and dy >= 0): + raise ValueError("order of derivative must be positive or" + " zero") + if not (dx < kx and dy < ky): + raise ValueError("order of derivative must be less than" + " degree of spline") + tx, ty, c = self.tck[:3] + with FITPACK_LOCK: + newc, ier = dfitpack.pardtc(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, dx, dy) + if ier != 0: + # This should not happen under normal conditions. + raise ValueError(f"Unexpected error code returned by pardtc: {ier}") + nx = len(tx) + ny = len(ty) + newtx = tx[dx:nx - dx] + newty = ty[dy:ny - dy] + newkx, newky = kx - dx, ky - dy + newclen = (nx - dx - kx - 1) * (ny - dy - ky - 1) + return _DerivedBivariateSpline._from_tck((newtx, newty, + newc[:newclen], + newkx, newky)) + + +_surfit_messages = {1: """ +The required storage space exceeds the available storage space: nxest +or nyest too small, or s too small. +The weighted least-squares spline corresponds to the current set of +knots.""", + 2: """ +A theoretically impossible result was found during the iteration +process for finding a smoothing spline with fp = s: s too small or +badly chosen eps. +Weighted sum of squared residuals does not satisfy abs(fp-s)/s < tol.""", + 3: """ +the maximal number of iterations maxit (set to 20 by the program) +allowed for finding a smoothing spline with fp=s has been reached: +s too small. +Weighted sum of squared residuals does not satisfy abs(fp-s)/s < tol. +Try increasing maxit by passing it as a keyword argument.""", + 4: """ +No more knots can be added because the number of b-spline coefficients +(nx-kx-1)*(ny-ky-1) already exceeds the number of data points m: +either s or m too small. +The weighted least-squares spline corresponds to the current set of +knots.""", + 5: """ +No more knots can be added because the additional knot would (quasi) +coincide with an old one: s too small or too large a weight to an +inaccurate data point. +The weighted least-squares spline corresponds to the current set of +knots.""", + 10: """ +Error on entry, no approximation returned. The following conditions +must hold: +xb<=x[i]<=xe, yb<=y[i]<=ye, w[i]>0, i=0..m-1 +If iopt==-1, then + xb>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RectBivariateSpline + >>> def f(x, y): + ... return np.exp(-np.sqrt((x / 2) ** 2 + y**2)) + + We sample the function on a coarse grid and set up the interpolator. Note that + the default ``indexing="xy"`` of meshgrid would result in an unexpected + (transposed) result after interpolation. + + >>> xarr = np.linspace(-3, 3, 21) + >>> yarr = np.linspace(-3, 3, 21) + >>> xgrid, ygrid = np.meshgrid(xarr, yarr, indexing="ij") + >>> zdata = f(xgrid, ygrid) + >>> rbs = RectBivariateSpline(xarr, yarr, zdata, kx=1, ky=1) + + Next we sample the function along a diagonal slice through the coordinate space + on a finer grid using interpolation. + + >>> xinterp = np.linspace(-3, 3, 201) + >>> yinterp = np.linspace(3, -3, 201) + >>> zinterp = rbs.ev(xinterp, yinterp) + + And check that the interpolation passes through the function evaluations as a + function of the distance from the origin along the slice. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1) + >>> ax1.plot(np.sqrt(xarr**2 + yarr**2), np.diag(zdata), "or") + >>> ax1.plot(np.sqrt(xinterp**2 + yinterp**2), zinterp, "-b") + >>> plt.show() + """ + return self.__call__(xi, yi, dx=dx, dy=dy, grid=False) + + def integral(self, xa, xb, ya, yb): + """ + Evaluate the integral of the spline over area [xa,xb] x [ya,yb]. + + Parameters + ---------- + xa, xb : float + The end-points of the x integration interval. + ya, yb : float + The end-points of the y integration interval. + + Returns + ------- + integ : float + The value of the resulting integral. + + """ + tx, ty, c = self.tck[:3] + kx, ky = self.degrees + with FITPACK_LOCK: + return dfitpack.dblint(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, xa, xb, ya, yb) + + @staticmethod + def _validate_input(x, y, z, w, kx, ky, eps): + x, y, z = np.asarray(x), np.asarray(y), np.asarray(z) + if not x.size == y.size == z.size: + raise ValueError('x, y, and z should have a same length') + + if w is not None: + w = np.asarray(w) + if x.size != w.size: + raise ValueError('x, y, z, and w should have a same length') + elif not np.all(w >= 0.0): + raise ValueError('w should be positive') + if (eps is not None) and (not 0.0 < eps < 1.0): + raise ValueError('eps should be between (0, 1)') + if not x.size >= (kx + 1) * (ky + 1): + raise ValueError('The length of x, y and z should be at least' + ' (kx+1) * (ky+1)') + return x, y, z, w + + +class _DerivedBivariateSpline(_BivariateSplineBase): + """Bivariate spline constructed from the coefficients and knots of another + spline. + + Notes + ----- + The class is not meant to be instantiated directly from the data to be + interpolated or smoothed. As a result, its ``fp`` attribute and + ``get_residual`` method are inherited but overridden; ``AttributeError`` is + raised when they are accessed. + + The other inherited attributes can be used as usual. + """ + _invalid_why = ("is unavailable, because _DerivedBivariateSpline" + " instance is not constructed from data that are to be" + " interpolated or smoothed, but derived from the" + " underlying knots and coefficients of another spline" + " object") + + @property + def fp(self): + raise AttributeError(f"attribute \"fp\" {self._invalid_why}") + + def get_residual(self): + raise AttributeError(f"method \"get_residual\" {self._invalid_why}") + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class SmoothBivariateSpline(BivariateSpline): + """ + Smooth bivariate spline approximation. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y, z : array_like + 1-D sequences of data points (order is not important). + w : array_like, optional + Positive 1-D sequence of weights, of same length as `x`, `y` and `z`. + bbox : array_like, optional + Sequence of length 4 specifying the boundary of the rectangular + approximation domain. By default, + ``bbox=[min(x), max(x), min(y), max(y)]``. + kx, ky : ints, optional + Degrees of the bivariate spline. Default is 3. + s : float, optional + Positive smoothing factor defined for estimation condition: + ``sum((w[i]*(z[i]-s(x[i], y[i])))**2, axis=0) <= s`` + Default ``s=len(w)`` which should be a good value if ``1/w[i]`` is an + estimate of the standard deviation of ``z[i]``. + eps : float, optional + A threshold for determining the effective rank of an over-determined + linear system of equations. `eps` should have a value within the open + interval ``(0, 1)``, the default is 1e-16. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + RectSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh on a sphere + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline in spherical coordinates + LSQSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline in spherical coordinates using weighted + least-squares fitting + RectBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + The length of `x`, `y` and `z` should be at least ``(kx+1) * (ky+1)``. + + If the input data is such that input dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolating. + + This routine constructs spline knot vectors automatically via the FITPACK + algorithm. The spline knots may be placed away from the data points. For + some data sets, this routine may fail to construct an interpolating spline, + even if one is requested via ``s=0`` parameter. In such situations, it is + recommended to use `bisplrep` / `bisplev` directly instead of this routine + and, if needed, increase the values of ``nxest`` and ``nyest`` parameters + of `bisplrep`. + + For linear interpolation, `LinearNDInterpolator` is preferred. + Consult the :ref:`interp-transition-guide` for discussion. + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, z, w=None, bbox=[None] * 4, kx=3, ky=3, s=None, + eps=1e-16): + + x, y, z, w = self._validate_input(x, y, z, w, kx, ky, eps) + bbox = ravel(bbox) + if not bbox.shape == (4,): + raise ValueError('bbox shape should be (4,)') + if s is not None and not s >= 0.0: + raise ValueError("s should be s >= 0.0") + + xb, xe, yb, ye = bbox + with FITPACK_LOCK: + nx, tx, ny, ty, c, fp, wrk1, ier = dfitpack.surfit_smth( + x, y, z, w, xb, xe, yb, ye, kx, ky, s=s, eps=eps, lwrk2=1) + if ier > 10: # lwrk2 was to small, re-run + nx, tx, ny, ty, c, fp, wrk1, ier = dfitpack.surfit_smth( + x, y, z, w, xb, xe, yb, ye, kx, ky, s=s, eps=eps, + lwrk2=ier) + if ier in [0, -1, -2]: # normal return + pass + else: + message = _surfit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=2) + + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tx[:nx], ty[:ny], c[:(nx-kx-1)*(ny-ky-1)] + self.degrees = kx, ky + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class LSQBivariateSpline(BivariateSpline): + """ + Weighted least-squares bivariate spline approximation. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y, z : array_like + 1-D sequences of data points (order is not important). + tx, ty : array_like + Strictly ordered 1-D sequences of knots coordinates. + w : array_like, optional + Positive 1-D array of weights, of the same length as `x`, `y` and `z`. + bbox : (4,) array_like, optional + Sequence of length 4 specifying the boundary of the rectangular + approximation domain. By default, + ``bbox=[min(x,tx),max(x,tx), min(y,ty),max(y,ty)]``. + kx, ky : ints, optional + Degrees of the bivariate spline. Default is 3. + eps : float, optional + A threshold for determining the effective rank of an over-determined + linear system of equations. `eps` should have a value within the open + interval ``(0, 1)``, the default is 1e-16. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + RectSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh on a sphere + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline in spherical coordinates + LSQSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline in spherical coordinates using weighted + least-squares fitting + RectBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh. + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + The length of `x`, `y` and `z` should be at least ``(kx+1) * (ky+1)``. + + If the input data is such that input dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolating. + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, z, tx, ty, w=None, bbox=[None]*4, kx=3, ky=3, + eps=None): + + x, y, z, w = self._validate_input(x, y, z, w, kx, ky, eps) + bbox = ravel(bbox) + if not bbox.shape == (4,): + raise ValueError('bbox shape should be (4,)') + + nx = 2*kx+2+len(tx) + ny = 2*ky+2+len(ty) + # The Fortran subroutine "surfit" (called as dfitpack.surfit_lsq) + # requires that the knot arrays passed as input should be "real + # array(s) of dimension nmax" where "nmax" refers to the greater of nx + # and ny. We pad the tx1/ty1 arrays here so that this is satisfied, and + # slice them to the desired sizes upon return. + nmax = max(nx, ny) + tx1 = zeros((nmax,), float) + ty1 = zeros((nmax,), float) + tx1[kx+1:nx-kx-1] = tx + ty1[ky+1:ny-ky-1] = ty + + xb, xe, yb, ye = bbox + with FITPACK_LOCK: + tx1, ty1, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.surfit_lsq(x, y, z, nx, tx1, ny, ty1, + w, xb, xe, yb, ye, + kx, ky, eps, lwrk2=1) + if ier > 10: + tx1, ty1, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.surfit_lsq(x, y, z, + nx, tx1, ny, ty1, w, + xb, xe, yb, ye, + kx, ky, eps, lwrk2=ier) + if ier in [0, -1, -2]: # normal return + pass + else: + if ier < -2: + deficiency = (nx-kx-1)*(ny-ky-1)+ier + message = _surfit_messages.get(-3) % (deficiency) + else: + message = _surfit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + warnings.warn(message, stacklevel=2) + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tx1[:nx], ty1[:ny], c + self.degrees = kx, ky + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class RectBivariateSpline(BivariateSpline): + """ + Bivariate spline approximation over a rectangular mesh. + + Can be used for both smoothing and interpolating data. + + Parameters + ---------- + x,y : array_like + 1-D arrays of coordinates in strictly ascending order. + Evaluated points outside the data range will be extrapolated. + z : array_like + 2-D array of data with shape (x.size,y.size). + bbox : array_like, optional + Sequence of length 4 specifying the boundary of the rectangular + approximation domain, which means the start and end spline knots of + each dimension are set by these values. By default, + ``bbox=[min(x), max(x), min(y), max(y)]``. + kx, ky : ints, optional + Degrees of the bivariate spline. Default is 3. + s : float, optional + Positive smoothing factor defined for estimation condition: + ``sum((z[i]-f(x[i], y[i]))**2, axis=0) <= s`` where f is a spline + function. Default is ``s=0``, which is for interpolation. + maxit : int, optional + The maximal number of iterations maxit allowed for finding a + smoothing spline with fp=s. Default is ``maxit=20``. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + RectSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh on a sphere + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline in spherical coordinates + LSQSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline in spherical coordinates using weighted + least-squares fitting + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + + If the input data is such that input dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolating. + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, z, bbox=[None] * 4, kx=3, ky=3, s=0, maxit=20): + x, y, bbox = ravel(x), ravel(y), ravel(bbox) + z = np.asarray(z) + if not np.all(diff(x) > 0.0): + raise ValueError('x must be strictly increasing') + if not np.all(diff(y) > 0.0): + raise ValueError('y must be strictly increasing') + if not x.size == z.shape[0]: + raise ValueError('x dimension of z must have same number of ' + 'elements as x') + if not y.size == z.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('y dimension of z must have same number of ' + 'elements as y') + if not bbox.shape == (4,): + raise ValueError('bbox shape should be (4,)') + if s is not None and not s >= 0.0: + raise ValueError("s should be s >= 0.0") + + z = ravel(z) + xb, xe, yb, ye = bbox + with FITPACK_LOCK: + nx, tx, ny, ty, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.regrid_smth(x, y, z, xb, xe, yb, + ye, kx, ky, s, maxit) + + if ier not in [0, -1, -2]: + msg = _surfit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + raise ValueError(msg) + + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tx[:nx], ty[:ny], c[:(nx - kx - 1) * (ny - ky - 1)] + self.degrees = kx, ky + + +_spherefit_messages = _surfit_messages.copy() +_spherefit_messages[10] = """ +ERROR. On entry, the input data are controlled on validity. The following + restrictions must be satisfied: + -1<=iopt<=1, m>=2, ntest>=8 ,npest >=8, 00, i=1,...,m + lwrk1 >= 185+52*v+10*u+14*u*v+8*(u-1)*v**2+8*m + kwrk >= m+(ntest-7)*(npest-7) + if iopt=-1: 8<=nt<=ntest , 9<=np<=npest + 0=0: s>=0 + if one of these conditions is found to be violated,control + is immediately repassed to the calling program. in that + case there is no approximation returned.""" +_spherefit_messages[-3] = """ +WARNING. The coefficients of the spline returned have been computed as the + minimal norm least-squares solution of a (numerically) rank + deficient system (deficiency=%i, rank=%i). Especially if the rank + deficiency, which is computed by 6+(nt-8)*(np-7)+ier, is large, + the results may be inaccurate. They could also seriously depend on + the value of eps.""" + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class SphereBivariateSpline(_BivariateSplineBase): + """ + Bivariate spline s(x,y) of degrees 3 on a sphere, calculated from a + given set of data points (theta,phi,r). + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + See Also + -------- + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQUnivariateSpline : + a univariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + """ + + def __call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=0, dphi=0, grid=True): + """ + Evaluate the spline or its derivatives at given positions. + + Parameters + ---------- + theta, phi : array_like + Input coordinates. + + If `grid` is False, evaluate the spline at points + ``(theta[i], phi[i]), i=0, ..., len(x)-1``. Standard + Numpy broadcasting is obeyed. + + If `grid` is True: evaluate spline at the grid points + defined by the coordinate arrays theta, phi. The arrays + must be sorted to increasing order. + The ordering of axes is consistent with + ``np.meshgrid(..., indexing="ij")`` and inconsistent with the + default ordering ``np.meshgrid(..., indexing="xy")``. + dtheta : int, optional + Order of theta-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + dphi : int + Order of phi-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + grid : bool + Whether to evaluate the results on a grid spanned by the + input arrays, or at points specified by the input arrays. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + Examples + -------- + + Suppose that we want to use splines to interpolate a bivariate function on a + sphere. The value of the function is known on a grid of longitudes and + colatitudes. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RectSphereBivariateSpline + >>> def f(theta, phi): + ... return np.sin(theta) * np.cos(phi) + + We evaluate the function on the grid. Note that the default indexing="xy" + of meshgrid would result in an unexpected (transposed) result after + interpolation. + + >>> thetaarr = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 22)[1:-1] + >>> phiarr = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 21)[:-1] + >>> thetagrid, phigrid = np.meshgrid(thetaarr, phiarr, indexing="ij") + >>> zdata = f(thetagrid, phigrid) + + We next set up the interpolator and use it to evaluate the function + on a finer grid. + + >>> rsbs = RectSphereBivariateSpline(thetaarr, phiarr, zdata) + >>> thetaarr_fine = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 200) + >>> phiarr_fine = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 200) + >>> zdata_fine = rsbs(thetaarr_fine, phiarr_fine) + + Finally we plot the coarsly-sampled input data alongside the + finely-sampled interpolated data to check that they agree. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 1) + >>> ax2 = fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 2) + >>> ax1.imshow(zdata) + >>> ax2.imshow(zdata_fine) + >>> plt.show() + """ + theta = np.asarray(theta) + phi = np.asarray(phi) + + if theta.size > 0 and (theta.min() < 0. or theta.max() > np.pi): + raise ValueError("requested theta out of bounds.") + + return _BivariateSplineBase.__call__(self, theta, phi, + dx=dtheta, dy=dphi, grid=grid) + + def ev(self, theta, phi, dtheta=0, dphi=0): + """ + Evaluate the spline at points + + Returns the interpolated value at ``(theta[i], phi[i]), + i=0,...,len(theta)-1``. + + Parameters + ---------- + theta, phi : array_like + Input coordinates. Standard Numpy broadcasting is obeyed. + The ordering of axes is consistent with + np.meshgrid(..., indexing="ij") and inconsistent with the + default ordering np.meshgrid(..., indexing="xy"). + dtheta : int, optional + Order of theta-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + dphi : int, optional + Order of phi-derivative + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + Examples + -------- + Suppose that we want to use splines to interpolate a bivariate function on a + sphere. The value of the function is known on a grid of longitudes and + colatitudes. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RectSphereBivariateSpline + >>> def f(theta, phi): + ... return np.sin(theta) * np.cos(phi) + + We evaluate the function on the grid. Note that the default indexing="xy" + of meshgrid would result in an unexpected (transposed) result after + interpolation. + + >>> thetaarr = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 22)[1:-1] + >>> phiarr = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 21)[:-1] + >>> thetagrid, phigrid = np.meshgrid(thetaarr, phiarr, indexing="ij") + >>> zdata = f(thetagrid, phigrid) + + We next set up the interpolator and use it to evaluate the function + at points not on the original grid. + + >>> rsbs = RectSphereBivariateSpline(thetaarr, phiarr, zdata) + >>> thetainterp = np.linspace(thetaarr[0], thetaarr[-1], 200) + >>> phiinterp = np.linspace(phiarr[0], phiarr[-1], 200) + >>> zinterp = rsbs.ev(thetainterp, phiinterp) + + Finally we plot the original data for a diagonal slice through the + initial grid, and the spline approximation along the same slice. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1) + >>> ax1.plot(np.sin(thetaarr) * np.sin(phiarr), np.diag(zdata), "or") + >>> ax1.plot(np.sin(thetainterp) * np.sin(phiinterp), zinterp, "-b") + >>> plt.show() + """ + return self.__call__(theta, phi, dtheta=dtheta, dphi=dphi, grid=False) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(SphereBivariateSpline): + """ + Smooth bivariate spline approximation in spherical coordinates. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + theta, phi, r : array_like + 1-D sequences of data points (order is not important). Coordinates + must be given in radians. Theta must lie within the interval + ``[0, pi]``, and phi must lie within the interval ``[0, 2pi]``. + w : array_like, optional + Positive 1-D sequence of weights. + s : float, optional + Positive smoothing factor defined for estimation condition: + ``sum((w(i)*(r(i) - s(theta(i), phi(i))))**2, axis=0) <= s`` + Default ``s=len(w)`` which should be a good value if ``1/w[i]`` is an + estimate of the standard deviation of ``r[i]``. + eps : float, optional + A threshold for determining the effective rank of an over-determined + linear system of equations. `eps` should have a value within the open + interval ``(0, 1)``, the default is 1e-16. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + RectSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh on a sphere + LSQSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline in spherical coordinates using weighted + least-squares fitting + RectBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh. + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + For more information, see the FITPACK_ site about this function. + + .. _FITPACK: http://www.netlib.org/dierckx/sphere.f + + Examples + -------- + Suppose we have global data on a coarse grid (the input data does not + have to be on a grid): + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> theta = np.linspace(0., np.pi, 7) + >>> phi = np.linspace(0., 2*np.pi, 9) + >>> data = np.empty((theta.shape[0], phi.shape[0])) + >>> data[:,0], data[0,:], data[-1,:] = 0., 0., 0. + >>> data[1:-1,1], data[1:-1,-1] = 1., 1. + >>> data[1,1:-1], data[-2,1:-1] = 1., 1. + >>> data[2:-2,2], data[2:-2,-2] = 2., 2. + >>> data[2,2:-2], data[-3,2:-2] = 2., 2. + >>> data[3,3:-2] = 3. + >>> data = np.roll(data, 4, 1) + + We need to set up the interpolator object + + >>> lats, lons = np.meshgrid(theta, phi) + >>> from scipy.interpolate import SmoothSphereBivariateSpline + >>> lut = SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + ... data.T.ravel(), s=3.5) + + As a first test, we'll see what the algorithm returns when run on the + input coordinates + + >>> data_orig = lut(theta, phi) + + Finally we interpolate the data to a finer grid + + >>> fine_lats = np.linspace(0., np.pi, 70) + >>> fine_lons = np.linspace(0., 2 * np.pi, 90) + + >>> data_smth = lut(fine_lats, fine_lons) + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(131) + >>> ax1.imshow(data, interpolation='nearest') + >>> ax2 = fig.add_subplot(132) + >>> ax2.imshow(data_orig, interpolation='nearest') + >>> ax3 = fig.add_subplot(133) + >>> ax3.imshow(data_smth, interpolation='nearest') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + def __init__(self, theta, phi, r, w=None, s=0., eps=1E-16): + + theta, phi, r = np.asarray(theta), np.asarray(phi), np.asarray(r) + + # input validation + if not ((0.0 <= theta).all() and (theta <= np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('theta should be between [0, pi]') + if not ((0.0 <= phi).all() and (phi <= 2.0 * np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('phi should be between [0, 2pi]') + if w is not None: + w = np.asarray(w) + if not (w >= 0.0).all(): + raise ValueError('w should be positive') + if not s >= 0.0: + raise ValueError('s should be positive') + if not 0.0 < eps < 1.0: + raise ValueError('eps should be between (0, 1)') + + with FITPACK_LOCK: + nt_, tt_, np_, tp_, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.spherfit_smth(theta, phi, + r, w=w, s=s, + eps=eps) + if ier not in [0, -1, -2]: + message = _spherefit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + raise ValueError(message) + + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tt_[:nt_], tp_[:np_], c[:(nt_ - 4) * (np_ - 4)] + self.degrees = (3, 3) + + def __call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=0, dphi=0, grid=True): + + theta = np.asarray(theta) + phi = np.asarray(phi) + + if phi.size > 0 and (phi.min() < 0. or phi.max() > 2. * np.pi): + raise ValueError("requested phi out of bounds.") + + return SphereBivariateSpline.__call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=dtheta, + dphi=dphi, grid=grid) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class LSQSphereBivariateSpline(SphereBivariateSpline): + """ + Weighted least-squares bivariate spline approximation in spherical + coordinates. + + Determines a smoothing bicubic spline according to a given + set of knots in the `theta` and `phi` directions. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + theta, phi, r : array_like + 1-D sequences of data points (order is not important). Coordinates + must be given in radians. Theta must lie within the interval + ``[0, pi]``, and phi must lie within the interval ``[0, 2pi]``. + tt, tp : array_like + Strictly ordered 1-D sequences of knots coordinates. + Coordinates must satisfy ``0 < tt[i] < pi``, ``0 < tp[i] < 2*pi``. + w : array_like, optional + Positive 1-D sequence of weights, of the same length as `theta`, `phi` + and `r`. + eps : float, optional + A threshold for determining the effective rank of an over-determined + linear system of equations. `eps` should have a value within the + open interval ``(0, 1)``, the default is 1e-16. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + RectSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh on a sphere + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline in spherical coordinates + RectBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh. + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + For more information, see the FITPACK_ site about this function. + + .. _FITPACK: http://www.netlib.org/dierckx/sphere.f + + Examples + -------- + Suppose we have global data on a coarse grid (the input data does not + have to be on a grid): + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import LSQSphereBivariateSpline + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + + >>> theta = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num=7) + >>> phi = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, num=9) + >>> data = np.empty((theta.shape[0], phi.shape[0])) + >>> data[:,0], data[0,:], data[-1,:] = 0., 0., 0. + >>> data[1:-1,1], data[1:-1,-1] = 1., 1. + >>> data[1,1:-1], data[-2,1:-1] = 1., 1. + >>> data[2:-2,2], data[2:-2,-2] = 2., 2. + >>> data[2,2:-2], data[-3,2:-2] = 2., 2. + >>> data[3,3:-2] = 3. + >>> data = np.roll(data, 4, 1) + + We need to set up the interpolator object. Here, we must also specify the + coordinates of the knots to use. + + >>> lats, lons = np.meshgrid(theta, phi) + >>> knotst, knotsp = theta.copy(), phi.copy() + >>> knotst[0] += .0001 + >>> knotst[-1] -= .0001 + >>> knotsp[0] += .0001 + >>> knotsp[-1] -= .0001 + >>> lut = LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + ... data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + + As a first test, we'll see what the algorithm returns when run on the + input coordinates + + >>> data_orig = lut(theta, phi) + + Finally we interpolate the data to a finer grid + + >>> fine_lats = np.linspace(0., np.pi, 70) + >>> fine_lons = np.linspace(0., 2*np.pi, 90) + >>> data_lsq = lut(fine_lats, fine_lons) + + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(131) + >>> ax1.imshow(data, interpolation='nearest') + >>> ax2 = fig.add_subplot(132) + >>> ax2.imshow(data_orig, interpolation='nearest') + >>> ax3 = fig.add_subplot(133) + >>> ax3.imshow(data_lsq, interpolation='nearest') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + def __init__(self, theta, phi, r, tt, tp, w=None, eps=1E-16): + + theta, phi, r = np.asarray(theta), np.asarray(phi), np.asarray(r) + tt, tp = np.asarray(tt), np.asarray(tp) + + if not ((0.0 <= theta).all() and (theta <= np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('theta should be between [0, pi]') + if not ((0.0 <= phi).all() and (phi <= 2*np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('phi should be between [0, 2pi]') + if not ((0.0 < tt).all() and (tt < np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('tt should be between (0, pi)') + if not ((0.0 < tp).all() and (tp < 2*np.pi).all()): + raise ValueError('tp should be between (0, 2pi)') + if w is not None: + w = np.asarray(w) + if not (w >= 0.0).all(): + raise ValueError('w should be positive') + if not 0.0 < eps < 1.0: + raise ValueError('eps should be between (0, 1)') + + nt_, np_ = 8 + len(tt), 8 + len(tp) + tt_, tp_ = zeros((nt_,), float), zeros((np_,), float) + tt_[4:-4], tp_[4:-4] = tt, tp + tt_[-4:], tp_[-4:] = np.pi, 2. * np.pi + with FITPACK_LOCK: + tt_, tp_, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.spherfit_lsq(theta, phi, r, tt_, tp_, + w=w, eps=eps) + if ier > 0: + message = _spherefit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + raise ValueError(message) + + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tt_, tp_, c + self.degrees = (3, 3) + + def __call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=0, dphi=0, grid=True): + + theta = np.asarray(theta) + phi = np.asarray(phi) + + if phi.size > 0 and (phi.min() < 0. or phi.max() > 2. * np.pi): + raise ValueError("requested phi out of bounds.") + + return SphereBivariateSpline.__call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=dtheta, + dphi=dphi, grid=grid) + + +_spfit_messages = _surfit_messages.copy() +_spfit_messages[10] = """ +ERROR: on entry, the input data are controlled on validity + the following restrictions must be satisfied. + -1<=iopt(1)<=1, 0<=iopt(2)<=1, 0<=iopt(3)<=1, + -1<=ider(1)<=1, 0<=ider(2)<=1, ider(2)=0 if iopt(2)=0. + -1<=ider(3)<=1, 0<=ider(4)<=1, ider(4)=0 if iopt(3)=0. + mu >= mumin (see above), mv >= 4, nuest >=8, nvest >= 8, + kwrk>=5+mu+mv+nuest+nvest, + lwrk >= 12+nuest*(mv+nvest+3)+nvest*24+4*mu+8*mv+max(nuest,mv+nvest) + 0< u(i-1)=0: s>=0 + if s=0: nuest>=mu+6+iopt(2)+iopt(3), nvest>=mv+7 + if one of these conditions is found to be violated,control is + immediately repassed to the calling program. in that case there is no + approximation returned.""" + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class RectSphereBivariateSpline(SphereBivariateSpline): + """ + Bivariate spline approximation over a rectangular mesh on a sphere. + + Can be used for smoothing data. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + u : array_like + 1-D array of colatitude coordinates in strictly ascending order. + Coordinates must be given in radians and lie within the open interval + ``(0, pi)``. + v : array_like + 1-D array of longitude coordinates in strictly ascending order. + Coordinates must be given in radians. First element (``v[0]``) must lie + within the interval ``[-pi, pi)``. Last element (``v[-1]``) must satisfy + ``v[-1] <= v[0] + 2*pi``. + r : array_like + 2-D array of data with shape ``(u.size, v.size)``. + s : float, optional + Positive smoothing factor defined for estimation condition + (``s=0`` is for interpolation). + pole_continuity : bool or (bool, bool), optional + Order of continuity at the poles ``u=0`` (``pole_continuity[0]``) and + ``u=pi`` (``pole_continuity[1]``). The order of continuity at the pole + will be 1 or 0 when this is True or False, respectively. + Defaults to False. + pole_values : float or (float, float), optional + Data values at the poles ``u=0`` and ``u=pi``. Either the whole + parameter or each individual element can be None. Defaults to None. + pole_exact : bool or (bool, bool), optional + Data value exactness at the poles ``u=0`` and ``u=pi``. If True, the + value is considered to be the right function value, and it will be + fitted exactly. If False, the value will be considered to be a data + value just like the other data values. Defaults to False. + pole_flat : bool or (bool, bool), optional + For the poles at ``u=0`` and ``u=pi``, specify whether or not the + approximation has vanishing derivatives. Defaults to False. + + See Also + -------- + BivariateSpline : + a base class for bivariate splines. + UnivariateSpline : + a smooth univariate spline to fit a given set of data points. + SmoothBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline through the given points + LSQBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline using weighted least-squares fitting + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline : + a smoothing bivariate spline in spherical coordinates + LSQSphereBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline in spherical coordinates using weighted + least-squares fitting + RectBivariateSpline : + a bivariate spline over a rectangular mesh. + bisplrep : + a function to find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface + bisplev : + a function to evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives + + Notes + ----- + Currently, only the smoothing spline approximation (``iopt[0] = 0`` and + ``iopt[0] = 1`` in the FITPACK routine) is supported. The exact + least-squares spline approximation is not implemented yet. + + When actually performing the interpolation, the requested `v` values must + lie within the same length 2pi interval that the original `v` values were + chosen from. + + For more information, see the FITPACK_ site about this function. + + .. _FITPACK: http://www.netlib.org/dierckx/spgrid.f + + Examples + -------- + Suppose we have global data on a coarse grid + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + >>> lons = np.linspace(0, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + >>> data = np.dot(np.atleast_2d(90. - np.linspace(-80., 80., 18)).T, + ... np.atleast_2d(180. - np.abs(np.linspace(0., 350., 9)))).T + + We want to interpolate it to a global one-degree grid + + >>> new_lats = np.linspace(1, 180, 180) * np.pi / 180 + >>> new_lons = np.linspace(1, 360, 360) * np.pi / 180 + >>> new_lats, new_lons = np.meshgrid(new_lats, new_lons) + + We need to set up the interpolator object + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RectSphereBivariateSpline + >>> lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + + Finally we interpolate the data. The `RectSphereBivariateSpline` object + only takes 1-D arrays as input, therefore we need to do some reshaping. + + >>> data_interp = lut.ev(new_lats.ravel(), + ... new_lons.ravel()).reshape((360, 180)).T + + Looking at the original and the interpolated data, one can see that the + interpolant reproduces the original data very well: + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(211) + >>> ax1.imshow(data, interpolation='nearest') + >>> ax2 = fig.add_subplot(212) + >>> ax2.imshow(data_interp, interpolation='nearest') + >>> plt.show() + + Choosing the optimal value of ``s`` can be a delicate task. Recommended + values for ``s`` depend on the accuracy of the data values. If the user + has an idea of the statistical errors on the data, she can also find a + proper estimate for ``s``. By assuming that, if she specifies the + right ``s``, the interpolator will use a spline ``f(u,v)`` which exactly + reproduces the function underlying the data, she can evaluate + ``sum((r(i,j)-s(u(i),v(j)))**2)`` to find a good estimate for this ``s``. + For example, if she knows that the statistical errors on her + ``r(i,j)``-values are not greater than 0.1, she may expect that a good + ``s`` should have a value not larger than ``u.size * v.size * (0.1)**2``. + + If nothing is known about the statistical error in ``r(i,j)``, ``s`` must + be determined by trial and error. The best is then to start with a very + large value of ``s`` (to determine the least-squares polynomial and the + corresponding upper bound ``fp0`` for ``s``) and then to progressively + decrease the value of ``s`` (say by a factor 10 in the beginning, i.e. + ``s = fp0 / 10, fp0 / 100, ...`` and more carefully as the approximation + shows more detail) to obtain closer fits. + + The interpolation results for different values of ``s`` give some insight + into this process: + + >>> fig2 = plt.figure() + >>> s = [3e9, 2e9, 1e9, 1e8] + >>> for idx, sval in enumerate(s, 1): + ... lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data, s=sval) + ... data_interp = lut.ev(new_lats.ravel(), + ... new_lons.ravel()).reshape((360, 180)).T + ... ax = fig2.add_subplot(2, 2, idx) + ... ax.imshow(data_interp, interpolation='nearest') + ... ax.set_title(f"s = {sval:g}") + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + def __init__(self, u, v, r, s=0., pole_continuity=False, pole_values=None, + pole_exact=False, pole_flat=False): + iopt = np.array([0, 0, 0], dtype=dfitpack_int) + ider = np.array([-1, 0, -1, 0], dtype=dfitpack_int) + if pole_values is None: + pole_values = (None, None) + elif isinstance(pole_values, float | np.float32 | np.float64): + pole_values = (pole_values, pole_values) + if isinstance(pole_continuity, bool): + pole_continuity = (pole_continuity, pole_continuity) + if isinstance(pole_exact, bool): + pole_exact = (pole_exact, pole_exact) + if isinstance(pole_flat, bool): + pole_flat = (pole_flat, pole_flat) + + r0, r1 = pole_values + iopt[1:] = pole_continuity + if r0 is None: + ider[0] = -1 + else: + ider[0] = pole_exact[0] + + if r1 is None: + ider[2] = -1 + else: + ider[2] = pole_exact[1] + + ider[1], ider[3] = pole_flat + + u, v = np.ravel(u), np.ravel(v) + r = np.asarray(r) + + if not (0.0 < u[0] and u[-1] < np.pi): + raise ValueError('u should be between (0, pi)') + if not -np.pi <= v[0] < np.pi: + raise ValueError('v[0] should be between [-pi, pi)') + if not v[-1] <= v[0] + 2*np.pi: + raise ValueError('v[-1] should be v[0] + 2pi or less ') + + if not np.all(np.diff(u) > 0.0): + raise ValueError('u must be strictly increasing') + if not np.all(np.diff(v) > 0.0): + raise ValueError('v must be strictly increasing') + + if not u.size == r.shape[0]: + raise ValueError('u dimension of r must have same number of ' + 'elements as u') + if not v.size == r.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('v dimension of r must have same number of ' + 'elements as v') + + if pole_continuity[1] is False and pole_flat[1] is True: + raise ValueError('if pole_continuity is False, so must be ' + 'pole_flat') + if pole_continuity[0] is False and pole_flat[0] is True: + raise ValueError('if pole_continuity is False, so must be ' + 'pole_flat') + + if not s >= 0.0: + raise ValueError('s should be positive') + + r = np.ravel(r) + with FITPACK_LOCK: + nu, tu, nv, tv, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.regrid_smth_spher(iopt, ider, + u.copy(), + v.copy(), + r.copy(), + r0, r1, s) + + if ier not in [0, -1, -2]: + msg = _spfit_messages.get(ier, f'ier={ier}') + raise ValueError(msg) + + self.fp = fp + self.tck = tu[:nu], tv[:nv], c[:(nu - 4) * (nv-4)] + self.degrees = (3, 3) + self.v0 = v[0] + + def __call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=0, dphi=0, grid=True): + + theta = np.asarray(theta) + phi = np.asarray(phi) + + return SphereBivariateSpline.__call__(self, theta, phi, dtheta=dtheta, + dphi=dphi, grid=grid) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_impl.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_impl.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38e54135e201bd54084e485abbf35c8fb3371da7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_impl.py @@ -0,0 +1,824 @@ +""" +fitpack (dierckx in netlib) --- A Python-C wrapper to FITPACK (by P. Dierckx). + FITPACK is a collection of FORTRAN programs for curve and surface + fitting with splines and tensor product splines. + +See + https://web.archive.org/web/20010524124604/http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be:80/cwis/research/nalag/research/topics/fitpack.html +or + http://www.netlib.org/dierckx/ + +Copyright 2002 Pearu Peterson all rights reserved, +Pearu Peterson +Permission to use, modify, and distribute this software is given under the +terms of the SciPy (BSD style) license. See LICENSE.txt that came with +this distribution for specifics. + +NO WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. + +TODO: Make interfaces to the following fitpack functions: + For univariate splines: cocosp, concon, fourco, insert + For bivariate splines: profil, regrid, parsur, surev +""" + +__all__ = ['splrep', 'splprep', 'splev', 'splint', 'sproot', 'spalde', + 'bisplrep', 'bisplev', 'insert', 'splder', 'splantider'] + +import warnings +import numpy as np +from . import _fitpack +from numpy import (atleast_1d, array, ones, zeros, sqrt, ravel, transpose, + empty, iinfo, asarray) + +# Try to replace _fitpack interface with +# f2py-generated version +from . import _dfitpack as dfitpack + +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, concat_1d, xp_capabilities + + +dfitpack_int = dfitpack.types.intvar.dtype + + +def _int_overflow(x, exception, msg=None): + """Cast the value to an dfitpack_int and raise an OverflowError if the value + cannot fit. + """ + if x > iinfo(dfitpack_int).max: + if msg is None: + msg = f'{x!r} cannot fit into an {dfitpack_int!r}' + raise exception(msg) + return dfitpack_int.type(x) + + +_iermess = { + 0: ["The spline has a residual sum of squares fp such that " + "abs(fp-s)/s<=0.001", None], + -1: ["The spline is an interpolating spline (fp=0)", None], + -2: ["The spline is weighted least-squares polynomial of degree k.\n" + "fp gives the upper bound fp0 for the smoothing factor s", None], + 1: ["The required storage space exceeds the available storage space.\n" + "Probable causes: data (x,y) size is too small or smoothing parameter" + "\ns is too small (fp>s).", ValueError], + 2: ["A theoretically impossible result when finding a smoothing spline\n" + "with fp = s. Probable cause: s too small. (abs(fp-s)/s>0.001)", + ValueError], + 3: ["The maximal number of iterations (20) allowed for finding smoothing\n" + "spline with fp=s has been reached. Probable cause: s too small.\n" + "(abs(fp-s)/s>0.001)", ValueError], + 10: ["Error on input data", ValueError], + 'unknown': ["An error occurred", TypeError] +} + +_iermess2 = { + 0: ["The spline has a residual sum of squares fp such that " + "abs(fp-s)/s<=0.001", None], + -1: ["The spline is an interpolating spline (fp=0)", None], + -2: ["The spline is weighted least-squares polynomial of degree kx and ky." + "\nfp gives the upper bound fp0 for the smoothing factor s", None], + -3: ["Warning. The coefficients of the spline have been computed as the\n" + "minimal norm least-squares solution of a rank deficient system.", + None], + 1: ["The required storage space exceeds the available storage space.\n" + "Probable causes: nxest or nyest too small or s is too small. (fp>s)", + ValueError], + 2: ["A theoretically impossible result when finding a smoothing spline\n" + "with fp = s. Probable causes: s too small or badly chosen eps.\n" + "(abs(fp-s)/s>0.001)", ValueError], + 3: ["The maximal number of iterations (20) allowed for finding smoothing\n" + "spline with fp=s has been reached. Probable cause: s too small.\n" + "(abs(fp-s)/s>0.001)", ValueError], + 4: ["No more knots can be added because the number of B-spline\n" + "coefficients already exceeds the number of data points m.\n" + "Probable causes: either s or m too small. (fp>s)", ValueError], + 5: ["No more knots can be added because the additional knot would\n" + "coincide with an old one. Probable cause: s too small or too large\n" + "a weight to an inaccurate data point. (fp>s)", ValueError], + 10: ["Error on input data", ValueError], + 11: ["rwrk2 too small, i.e., there is not enough workspace for computing\n" + "the minimal least-squares solution of a rank deficient system of\n" + "linear equations.", ValueError], + 'unknown': ["An error occurred", TypeError] +} + +_parcur_cache = {'t': array([], float), 'wrk': array([], float), + 'iwrk': array([], dfitpack_int), 'u': array([], float), + 'ub': 0, 'ue': 1} + + +def splprep(x, w=None, u=None, ub=None, ue=None, k=3, task=0, s=None, t=None, + full_output=0, nest=None, per=0, quiet=1): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splprep` + if task <= 0: + _parcur_cache = {'t': array([], float), 'wrk': array([], float), + 'iwrk': array([], dfitpack_int), 'u': array([], float), + 'ub': 0, 'ue': 1} + x = atleast_1d(x) + idim, m = x.shape + if per: + for i in range(idim): + if x[i][0] != x[i][-1]: + if not quiet: + warnings.warn( + RuntimeWarning(f'Setting x[{i}][{m}]=x[{i}][0]'), + stacklevel=2 + ) + x[i][-1] = x[i][0] + if not 0 < idim < 11: + raise TypeError('0 < idim < 11 must hold') + if w is None: + w = ones(m, float) + else: + w = atleast_1d(w) + ipar = (u is not None) + if ipar: + _parcur_cache['u'] = u + if ub is None: + _parcur_cache['ub'] = u[0] + else: + _parcur_cache['ub'] = ub + if ue is None: + _parcur_cache['ue'] = u[-1] + else: + _parcur_cache['ue'] = ue + else: + _parcur_cache['u'] = zeros(m, float) + if not (1 <= k <= 5): + raise TypeError(f'1 <= k= {k} <=5 must hold') + if not (-1 <= task <= 1): + raise TypeError('task must be -1, 0 or 1') + if (not len(w) == m) or (ipar == 1 and (not len(u) == m)): + raise TypeError('Mismatch of input dimensions') + if s is None: + s = m - sqrt(2*m) + if t is None and task == -1: + raise TypeError('Knots must be given for task=-1') + if t is not None: + _parcur_cache['t'] = atleast_1d(t) + n = len(_parcur_cache['t']) + if task == -1 and n < 2*k + 2: + raise TypeError('There must be at least 2*k+2 knots for task=-1') + if m <= k: + raise TypeError('m > k must hold') + if nest is None: + nest = m + 2*k + + if (task >= 0 and s == 0) or (nest < 0): + if per: + nest = m + 2*k + else: + nest = m + k + 1 + nest = max(nest, 2*k + 3) + u = _parcur_cache['u'] + ub = _parcur_cache['ub'] + ue = _parcur_cache['ue'] + t = _parcur_cache['t'] + wrk = _parcur_cache['wrk'] + iwrk = _parcur_cache['iwrk'] + t, c, o = _fitpack._parcur(ravel(transpose(x)), w, u, ub, ue, k, + task, ipar, s, t, nest, wrk, iwrk, per) + _parcur_cache['u'] = o['u'] + _parcur_cache['ub'] = o['ub'] + _parcur_cache['ue'] = o['ue'] + _parcur_cache['t'] = t + _parcur_cache['wrk'] = o['wrk'] + _parcur_cache['iwrk'] = o['iwrk'] + ier = o['ier'] + fp = o['fp'] + n = len(t) + u = o['u'] + c = c.reshape((idim, n - k - 1)) + tcku = [t, list(c), k], u + if ier <= 0 and not quiet: + warnings.warn( + RuntimeWarning( + _iermess[ier][0] + f"\tk={k} n={len(t)} m={m} fp={fp} s={s}" + ), + stacklevel=2 + ) + if ier > 0 and not full_output: + if ier in [1, 2, 3]: + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_iermess[ier][0]), stacklevel=2) + else: + try: + raise _iermess[ier][1](_iermess[ier][0]) + except KeyError as e: + raise _iermess['unknown'][1](_iermess['unknown'][0]) from e + if full_output: + try: + return tcku, fp, ier, _iermess[ier][0] + except KeyError: + return tcku, fp, ier, _iermess['unknown'][0] + else: + return tcku + + +_curfit_cache = {'t': array([], float), 'wrk': array([], float), + 'iwrk': array([], dfitpack_int)} + + +def splrep(x, y, w=None, xb=None, xe=None, k=3, task=0, s=None, t=None, + full_output=0, per=0, quiet=1): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splrep` + if task <= 0: + _curfit_cache = {} + x, y = map(atleast_1d, [x, y]) + m = len(x) + if w is None: + w = ones(m, float) + if s is None: + s = 0.0 + else: + w = atleast_1d(w) + if s is None: + s = m - sqrt(2*m) + if not len(w) == m: + raise TypeError(f'len(w)={len(w)} is not equal to m={m}') + if (m != len(y)) or (m != len(w)): + raise TypeError('Lengths of the first three arguments (x,y,w) must ' + 'be equal') + if not (1 <= k <= 5): + raise TypeError( + f'Given degree of the spline (k={k}) is not supported. (1<=k<=5)' + ) + if m <= k: + raise TypeError('m > k must hold') + if xb is None: + xb = x[0] + if xe is None: + xe = x[-1] + if not (-1 <= task <= 1): + raise TypeError('task must be -1, 0 or 1') + if t is not None: + task = -1 + if task == -1: + if t is None: + raise TypeError('Knots must be given for task=-1') + numknots = len(t) + _curfit_cache['t'] = empty((numknots + 2*k + 2,), float) + _curfit_cache['t'][k+1:-k-1] = t + nest = len(_curfit_cache['t']) + elif task == 0: + if per: + nest = max(m + 2*k, 2*k + 3) + else: + nest = max(m + k + 1, 2*k + 3) + t = empty((nest,), float) + _curfit_cache['t'] = t + if task <= 0: + if per: + _curfit_cache['wrk'] = empty((m*(k + 1) + nest*(8 + 5*k),), float) + else: + _curfit_cache['wrk'] = empty((m*(k + 1) + nest*(7 + 3*k),), float) + _curfit_cache['iwrk'] = empty((nest,), dfitpack_int) + try: + t = _curfit_cache['t'] + wrk = _curfit_cache['wrk'] + iwrk = _curfit_cache['iwrk'] + except KeyError as e: + raise TypeError("must call with task=1 only after" + " call with task=0,-1") from e + if not per: + n, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.curfit(task, x, y, w, t, wrk, iwrk, + xb, xe, k, s) + else: + n, c, fp, ier = dfitpack.percur(task, x, y, w, t, wrk, iwrk, k, s) + tck = (t[:n], c[:n], k) + if ier <= 0 and not quiet: + _mess = (_iermess[ier][0] + f"\tk={k} n={len(t)} m={m} fp={fp} s={s}") + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_mess), stacklevel=2) + if ier > 0 and not full_output: + if ier in [1, 2, 3]: + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_iermess[ier][0]), stacklevel=2) + else: + try: + raise _iermess[ier][1](_iermess[ier][0]) + except KeyError as e: + raise _iermess['unknown'][1](_iermess['unknown'][0]) from e + if full_output: + try: + return tck, fp, ier, _iermess[ier][0] + except KeyError: + return tck, fp, ier, _iermess['unknown'][0] + else: + return tck + + +def splev(x, tck, der=0, ext=0): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splev` + t, c, k = tck + try: + c[0][0] + parametric = True + except Exception: + parametric = False + if parametric: + return list(map(lambda c, x=x, t=t, k=k, der=der: + splev(x, [t, c, k], der, ext), c)) + else: + if not (0 <= der <= k): + raise ValueError(f"0<=der={der}<=k={k} must hold") + if ext not in (0, 1, 2, 3): + raise ValueError(f"ext = {ext} not in (0, 1, 2, 3) ") + + x = asarray(x) + shape = x.shape + x = atleast_1d(x).ravel() + if der == 0: + y, ier = dfitpack.splev(t, c, k, x, ext) + else: + y, ier = dfitpack.splder(t, c, k, x, der, ext) + + if ier == 10: + raise ValueError("Invalid input data") + if ier == 1: + raise ValueError("Found x value not in the domain") + if ier: + raise TypeError("An error occurred") + + return y.reshape(shape) + + +def splint(a, b, tck, full_output=0): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splint` + t, c, k = tck + try: + c[0][0] + parametric = True + except Exception: + parametric = False + if parametric: + return list(map(lambda c, a=a, b=b, t=t, k=k: + splint(a, b, [t, c, k]), c)) + else: + aint, wrk = dfitpack.splint(t, c, k, a, b) + if full_output: + return aint, wrk + else: + return aint + + +def sproot(tck, mest=10): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/sproot` + t, c, k = tck + if k != 3: + raise ValueError("sproot works only for cubic (k=3) splines") + try: + c[0][0] + parametric = True + except Exception: + parametric = False + if parametric: + return list(map(lambda c, t=t, k=k, mest=mest: + sproot([t, c, k], mest), c)) + else: + if len(t) < 8: + raise TypeError(f"The number of knots {len(t)}>=8") + z, m, ier = dfitpack.sproot(t, c, mest) + if ier == 10: + raise TypeError("Invalid input data. " + "t1<=..<=t4 1: + return list(map(lambda x, tck=tck: spalde(x, tck), x)) + d, ier = dfitpack.spalde(t, c, k+1, x[0]) + if ier == 0: + return d + if ier == 10: + raise TypeError("Invalid input data. t(k)<=x<=t(n-k+1) must hold.") + raise TypeError("Unknown error") + +# def _curfit(x,y,w=None,xb=None,xe=None,k=3,task=0,s=None,t=None, +# full_output=0,nest=None,per=0,quiet=1): + + +_surfit_cache = {'tx': array([], float), 'ty': array([], float), + 'wrk': array([], float), 'iwrk': array([], dfitpack_int)} + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def bisplrep(x, y, z, w=None, xb=None, xe=None, yb=None, ye=None, + kx=3, ky=3, task=0, s=None, eps=1e-16, tx=None, ty=None, + full_output=0, nxest=None, nyest=None, quiet=1): + """ + Find a bivariate B-spline representation of a surface. + + Given a set of data points (x[i], y[i], z[i]) representing a surface + z=f(x,y), compute a B-spline representation of the surface. Based on + the routine SURFIT from FITPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y, z : ndarray + Rank-1 arrays of data points. + w : ndarray, optional + Rank-1 array of weights. By default ``w=np.ones(len(x))``. + xb, xe : float, optional + End points of approximation interval in `x`. + By default ``xb = x.min(), xe=x.max()``. + yb, ye : float, optional + End points of approximation interval in `y`. + By default ``yb=y.min(), ye = y.max()``. + kx, ky : int, optional + The degrees of the spline (1 <= kx, ky <= 5). + Third order (kx=ky=3) is recommended. + task : int, optional + If task=0, find knots in x and y and coefficients for a given + smoothing factor, s. + If task=1, find knots and coefficients for another value of the + smoothing factor, s. bisplrep must have been previously called + with task=0 or task=1. + If task=-1, find coefficients for a given set of knots tx, ty. + s : float, optional + A non-negative smoothing factor. If weights correspond + to the inverse of the standard-deviation of the errors in z, + then a good s-value should be found in the range + ``(m-sqrt(2*m),m+sqrt(2*m))`` where m=len(x). + eps : float, optional + A threshold for determining the effective rank of an + over-determined linear system of equations (0 < eps < 1). + `eps` is not likely to need changing. + tx, ty : ndarray, optional + Rank-1 arrays of the knots of the spline for task=-1 + full_output : int, optional + Non-zero to return optional outputs. + nxest, nyest : int, optional + Over-estimates of the total number of knots. If None then + ``nxest = max(kx+sqrt(m/2),2*kx+3)``, + ``nyest = max(ky+sqrt(m/2),2*ky+3)``. + quiet : int, optional + Non-zero to suppress printing of messages. + + Returns + ------- + tck : array_like + A list [tx, ty, c, kx, ky] containing the knots (tx, ty) and + coefficients (c) of the bivariate B-spline representation of the + surface along with the degree of the spline. + fp : ndarray + The weighted sum of squared residuals of the spline approximation. + ier : int + An integer flag about splrep success. Success is indicated if + ier<=0. If ier in [1,2,3] an error occurred but was not raised. + Otherwise an error is raised. + msg : str + A message corresponding to the integer flag, ier. + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, splint, sproot, splev + UnivariateSpline, BivariateSpline + + Notes + ----- + See `bisplev` to evaluate the value of the B-spline given its tck + representation. + + If the input data is such that input dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolation. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Dierckx P.:An algorithm for surface fitting with spline functions + Ima J. Numer. Anal. 1 (1981) 267-283. + .. [2] Dierckx P.:An algorithm for surface fitting with spline functions + report tw50, Dept. Computer Science,K.U.Leuven, 1980. + .. [3] Dierckx P.:Curve and surface fitting with splines, Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + Examples are given :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + """ + x, y, z = map(ravel, [x, y, z]) # ensure 1-d arrays. + m = len(x) + if not (m == len(y) == len(z)): + raise TypeError('len(x)==len(y)==len(z) must hold.') + if w is None: + w = ones(m, float) + else: + w = atleast_1d(w) + if not len(w) == m: + raise TypeError(f'len(w)={len(w)} is not equal to m={m}') + if xb is None: + xb = x.min() + if xe is None: + xe = x.max() + if yb is None: + yb = y.min() + if ye is None: + ye = y.max() + if not (-1 <= task <= 1): + raise TypeError('task must be -1, 0 or 1') + if s is None: + s = m - sqrt(2*m) + if tx is None and task == -1: + raise TypeError('Knots_x must be given for task=-1') + if tx is not None: + _surfit_cache['tx'] = atleast_1d(tx) + nx = len(_surfit_cache['tx']) + if ty is None and task == -1: + raise TypeError('Knots_y must be given for task=-1') + if ty is not None: + _surfit_cache['ty'] = atleast_1d(ty) + ny = len(_surfit_cache['ty']) + if task == -1 and nx < 2*kx+2: + raise TypeError('There must be at least 2*kx+2 knots_x for task=-1') + if task == -1 and ny < 2*ky+2: + raise TypeError('There must be at least 2*ky+2 knots_x for task=-1') + if not ((1 <= kx <= 5) and (1 <= ky <= 5)): + raise TypeError( + f'Given degree of the spline (kx,ky={kx},{ky}) is not supported. (1<=k<=5)' + ) + if m < (kx + 1)*(ky + 1): + raise TypeError('m >= (kx+1)(ky+1) must hold') + if nxest is None: + nxest = int(kx + sqrt(m/2)) + if nyest is None: + nyest = int(ky + sqrt(m/2)) + nxest, nyest = max(nxest, 2*kx + 3), max(nyest, 2*ky + 3) + if task >= 0 and s == 0: + nxest = int(kx + sqrt(3*m)) + nyest = int(ky + sqrt(3*m)) + if task == -1: + _surfit_cache['tx'] = atleast_1d(tx) + _surfit_cache['ty'] = atleast_1d(ty) + tx, ty = _surfit_cache['tx'], _surfit_cache['ty'] + wrk = _surfit_cache['wrk'] + u = nxest - kx - 1 + v = nyest - ky - 1 + km = max(kx, ky) + 1 + ne = max(nxest, nyest) + bx, by = kx*v + ky + 1, ky*u + kx + 1 + b1, b2 = bx, bx + v - ky + if bx > by: + b1, b2 = by, by + u - kx + msg = "Too many data points to interpolate" + lwrk1 = _int_overflow(u*v*(2 + b1 + b2) + + 2*(u + v + km*(m + ne) + ne - kx - ky) + b2 + 1, + OverflowError, + msg=msg) + lwrk2 = _int_overflow(u*v*(b2 + 1) + b2, OverflowError, msg=msg) + tx, ty, c, o = _fitpack._surfit(x, y, z, w, xb, xe, yb, ye, kx, ky, + task, s, eps, tx, ty, nxest, nyest, + wrk, lwrk1, lwrk2) + _curfit_cache['tx'] = tx + _curfit_cache['ty'] = ty + _curfit_cache['wrk'] = o['wrk'] + ier, fp = o['ier'], o['fp'] + tck = [tx, ty, c, kx, ky] + + ierm = min(11, max(-3, ier)) + if ierm <= 0 and not quiet: + _mess = ( + _iermess2[ierm][0] + + f"\tkx,ky={kx},{ky} nx,ny={len(tx)},{len(ty)} m={m} fp={fp} s={s}" + ) + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_mess), stacklevel=2) + if ierm > 0 and not full_output: + if ier in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]: + _mess = ( + f"\n\tkx,ky={kx},{ky} nx,ny={len(tx)},{len(ty)} m={m} fp={fp} s={s}" + ) + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_iermess2[ierm][0] + _mess), stacklevel=2) + else: + try: + raise _iermess2[ierm][1](_iermess2[ierm][0]) + except KeyError as e: + raise _iermess2['unknown'][1](_iermess2['unknown'][0]) from e + if full_output: + try: + return tck, fp, ier, _iermess2[ierm][0] + except KeyError: + return tck, fp, ier, _iermess2['unknown'][0] + else: + return tck + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def bisplev(x, y, tck, dx=0, dy=0): + """ + Evaluate a bivariate B-spline and its derivatives. + + Return a rank-2 array of spline function values (or spline derivative + values) at points given by the cross-product of the rank-1 arrays `x` and + `y`. In special cases, return an array or just a float if either `x` or + `y` or both are floats. Based on BISPEV and PARDER from FITPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y : ndarray + Rank-1 arrays specifying the domain over which to evaluate the + spline or its derivative. + tck : tuple + A sequence of length 5 returned by `bisplrep` containing the knot + locations, the coefficients, and the degree of the spline: + [tx, ty, c, kx, ky]. + dx, dy : int, optional + The orders of the partial derivatives in `x` and `y` respectively. + + Returns + ------- + vals : ndarray + The B-spline or its derivative evaluated over the set formed by + the cross-product of `x` and `y`. + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, splint, sproot, splev + UnivariateSpline, BivariateSpline + + Notes + ----- + See `bisplrep` to generate the `tck` representation. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Dierckx P. : An algorithm for surface fitting + with spline functions + Ima J. Numer. Anal. 1 (1981) 267-283. + .. [2] Dierckx P. : An algorithm for surface fitting + with spline functions + report tw50, Dept. Computer Science,K.U.Leuven, 1980. + .. [3] Dierckx P. : Curve and surface fitting with splines, + Monographs on Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + Examples are given :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + """ + tx, ty, c, kx, ky = tck + if not (0 <= dx < kx): + raise ValueError(f"0 <= dx = {dx} < kx = {kx} must hold") + if not (0 <= dy < ky): + raise ValueError(f"0 <= dy = {dy} < ky = {ky} must hold") + x, y = map(atleast_1d, [x, y]) + if (len(x.shape) != 1) or (len(y.shape) != 1): + raise ValueError("First two entries should be rank-1 arrays.") + + msg = "Too many data points to interpolate." + + _int_overflow(x.size * y.size, MemoryError, msg=msg) + + if dx != 0 or dy != 0: + _int_overflow((tx.size - kx - 1)*(ty.size - ky - 1), + MemoryError, msg=msg) + z, ier = dfitpack.parder(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, dx, dy, x, y) + else: + z, ier = dfitpack.bispev(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, x, y) + + if ier == 10: + raise ValueError("Invalid input data") + if ier: + raise TypeError("An error occurred") + z = z.reshape((len(x), len(y))) + if len(z) > 1: + return z + if len(z[0]) > 1: + return z[0] + return z[0][0] + + +def dblint(xa, xb, ya, yb, tck): + """Evaluate the integral of a spline over area [xa,xb] x [ya,yb]. + + Parameters + ---------- + xa, xb : float + The end-points of the x integration interval. + ya, yb : float + The end-points of the y integration interval. + tck : list [tx, ty, c, kx, ky] + A sequence of length 5 returned by bisplrep containing the knot + locations tx, ty, the coefficients c, and the degrees kx, ky + of the spline. + + Returns + ------- + integ : float + The value of the resulting integral. + """ + tx, ty, c, kx, ky = tck + return dfitpack.dblint(tx, ty, c, kx, ky, xa, xb, ya, yb) + + +def insert(x, tck, m=1, per=0): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/insert` + t, c, k = tck + try: + c[0][0] + parametric = True + except Exception: + parametric = False + if parametric: + cc = [] + for c_vals in c: + tt, cc_val, kk = insert(x, [t, c_vals, k], m) + cc.append(cc_val) + return (tt, cc, kk) + else: + tt, cc, ier = _fitpack._insert(per, t, c, k, x, m) + if ier == 10: + raise ValueError("Invalid input data") + if ier: + raise TypeError("An error occurred") + return (tt, cc, k) + + +def splder(tck, n=1, xp=None): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splder` + if n < 0: + return splantider(tck, -n) + + t, c, k = tck + + if xp is None: + xp = array_namespace(t, c) + + if n > k: + raise ValueError(f"Order of derivative (n = {n!r}) must be <= " + f"order of spline (k = {tck[2]!r})") + + # Extra axes for the trailing dims of the `c` array: + sh = (slice(None),) + ((None,)*len(c.shape[1:])) + + with np.errstate(invalid='raise', divide='raise'): + try: + for j in range(n): + # See e.g. Schumaker, Spline Functions: Basic Theory, Chapter 5 + + # Compute the denominator in the differentiation formula. + # (and append trailing dims, if necessary) + dt = t[k+1:-1] - t[1:-k-1] + dt = dt[sh] + # Compute the new coefficients + c = (c[1:-1-k, ...] - c[:-2-k, ...]) * k / dt + # Pad coefficient array to same size as knots (FITPACK + # convention) + c = concat_1d(xp, c, xp.zeros((k,) + c.shape[1:])) + # Adjust knots + t = t[1:-1] + k -= 1 + except FloatingPointError as e: + raise ValueError("The spline has internal repeated knots " + f"and is not differentiable {n} times") from e + + return t, c, k + + +def splantider(tck, n=1, *, xp=None): + # see the docstring of `_fitpack_py/splantider` + if n < 0: + return splder(tck, -n) + + t, c, k = tck + + if xp is None: + xp = array_namespace(t, c) + + # Extra axes for the trailing dims of the `c` array: + sh = (slice(None),) + (None,)*len(c.shape[1:]) + + for j in range(n): + # This is the inverse set of operations to splder. + + # Compute the multiplier in the antiderivative formula. + dt = t[k+1:] - t[:-k-1] + dt = dt[sh] + # Compute the new coefficients + c = xp.cumulative_sum(c[:-k-1, ...] * dt, axis=0) / (k + 1) + c = concat_1d( + xp, + xp.zeros((1,) + c.shape[1:]), + c, + xp.stack([c[-1, ...]] * (k+2)), + ) + # New knots + t = concat_1d(xp, t[0], t, t[-1]) + k += 1 + + return t, c, k diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_py.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_py.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb0b29abc035deb3d76774939d050933aad4743f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_py.py @@ -0,0 +1,908 @@ +__all__ = ['splrep', 'splprep', 'splev', 'splint', 'sproot', 'spalde', + 'bisplrep', 'bisplev', 'insert', 'splder', 'splantider'] + + +import numpy as np + +# These are in the API for fitpack even if not used in fitpack.py itself. +from ._fitpack_impl import bisplrep, bisplev, dblint # noqa: F401 +from . import _fitpack_impl as _impl +from ._bsplines import BSpline +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splprep(x, w=None, u=None, ub=None, ue=None, k=3, task=0, s=None, t=None, + full_output=0, nest=None, per=0, quiet=1): + """ + Find the B-spline representation of an N-D curve. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend using `make_splprep` in new code. + + Given a list of N rank-1 arrays, `x`, which represent a curve in + N-dimensional space parametrized by `u`, find a smooth approximating + spline curve g(`u`). Uses the FORTRAN routine parcur from FITPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + A list of sample vector arrays representing the curve. + w : array_like, optional + Strictly positive rank-1 array of weights the same length as `x[0]`. + The weights are used in computing the weighted least-squares spline + fit. If the errors in the `x` values have standard-deviation given by + the vector d, then `w` should be 1/d. Default is ``ones(len(x[0]))``. + u : array_like, optional + An array of parameter values. If not given, these values are + calculated automatically as ``M = len(x[0])``, where + + v[0] = 0 + + v[i] = v[i-1] + distance(`x[i]`, `x[i-1]`) + + u[i] = v[i] / v[M-1] + + ub, ue : int, optional + The end-points of the parameters interval. Defaults to + u[0] and u[-1]. + k : int, optional + Degree of the spline. Cubic splines are recommended. + Even values of `k` should be avoided especially with a small s-value. + ``1 <= k <= 5``, default is 3. + task : int, optional + If task==0 (default), find t and c for a given smoothing factor, s. + If task==1, find t and c for another value of the smoothing factor, s. + There must have been a previous call with task=0 or task=1 + for the same set of data. + If task=-1 find the weighted least square spline for a given set of + knots, t. + s : float, optional + A smoothing condition. The amount of smoothness is determined by + satisfying the conditions: ``sum((w * (y - g))**2,axis=0) <= s``, + where g(x) is the smoothed interpolation of (x,y). The user can + use `s` to control the trade-off between closeness and smoothness + of fit. Larger `s` means more smoothing while smaller values of `s` + indicate less smoothing. Recommended values of `s` depend on the + weights, w. If the weights represent the inverse of the + standard-deviation of y, then a good `s` value should be found in + the range ``(m-sqrt(2*m),m+sqrt(2*m))``, where m is the number of + data points in x, y, and w. + t : array, optional + The knots needed for ``task=-1``. + There must be at least ``2*k+2`` knots. + full_output : int, optional + If non-zero, then return optional outputs. + nest : int, optional + An over-estimate of the total number of knots of the spline to + help in determining the storage space. By default nest=m/2. + Always large enough is nest=m+k+1. + per : int, optional + If non-zero, data points are considered periodic with period + ``x[m-1] - x[0]`` and a smooth periodic spline approximation is + returned. Values of ``y[m-1]`` and ``w[m-1]`` are not used. + quiet : int, optional + Non-zero to suppress messages. + + Returns + ------- + tck : tuple + A tuple, ``(t,c,k)`` containing the vector of knots, the B-spline + coefficients, and the degree of the spline. + u : array + An array of the values of the parameter. + fp : float + The weighted sum of squared residuals of the spline approximation. + ier : int + An integer flag about splrep success. Success is indicated + if ier<=0. If ier in [1,2,3] an error occurred but was not raised. + Otherwise an error is raised. + msg : str + A message corresponding to the integer flag, ier. + + See Also + -------- + splrep, splev, sproot, spalde, splint, + bisplrep, bisplev + UnivariateSpline, BivariateSpline + BSpline + make_interp_spline + + Notes + ----- + See `splev` for evaluation of the spline and its derivatives. + The number of dimensions N must be smaller than 11. + + The number of coefficients in the `c` array is ``k+1`` less than the number + of knots, ``len(t)``. This is in contrast with `splrep`, which zero-pads + the array of coefficients to have the same length as the array of knots. + These additional coefficients are ignored by evaluation routines, `splev` + and `BSpline`. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and + parametric splines, Computer Graphics and Image Processing", + 20 (1982) 171-184. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and + parametric splines", report tw55, Dept. Computer Science, + K.U.Leuven, 1981. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + Generate a discretization of a limacon curve in the polar coordinates: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> phi = np.linspace(0, 2.*np.pi, 40) + >>> r = 0.5 + np.cos(phi) # polar coords + >>> x, y = r * np.cos(phi), r * np.sin(phi) # convert to cartesian + + And interpolate: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splprep, splev + >>> tck, u = splprep([x, y], s=0) + >>> new_points = splev(u, tck) + + Notice that (i) we force interpolation by using ``s=0``, + (ii) the parameterization, ``u``, is generated automatically. + Now plot the result: + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(x, y, 'ro') + >>> ax.plot(new_points[0], new_points[1], 'r-') + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + res = _impl.splprep(x, w, u, ub, ue, k, task, s, t, full_output, nest, per, + quiet) + return res + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splrep(x, y, w=None, xb=None, xe=None, k=3, task=0, s=None, t=None, + full_output=0, per=0, quiet=1): + """ + Find the B-spline representation of a 1-D curve. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend using `make_splrep` in new code. + + + Given the set of data points ``(x[i], y[i])`` determine a smooth spline + approximation of degree k on the interval ``xb <= x <= xe``. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y : array_like + The data points defining a curve ``y = f(x)``. + w : array_like, optional + Strictly positive rank-1 array of weights the same length as `x` and `y`. + The weights are used in computing the weighted least-squares spline + fit. If the errors in the `y` values have standard-deviation given by the + vector ``d``, then `w` should be ``1/d``. Default is ``ones(len(x))``. + xb, xe : float, optional + The interval to fit. If None, these default to ``x[0]`` and ``x[-1]`` + respectively. + k : int, optional + The degree of the spline fit. It is recommended to use cubic splines. + Even values of `k` should be avoided especially with small `s` values. + ``1 <= k <= 5``. + task : {1, 0, -1}, optional + If ``task==0``, find ``t`` and ``c`` for a given smoothing factor, `s`. + + If ``task==1`` find ``t`` and ``c`` for another value of the smoothing factor, + `s`. There must have been a previous call with ``task=0`` or ``task=1`` for + the same set of data (``t`` will be stored an used internally) + + If ``task=-1`` find the weighted least square spline for a given set of + knots, ``t``. These should be interior knots as knots on the ends will be + added automatically. + s : float, optional + A smoothing condition. The amount of smoothness is determined by + satisfying the conditions: ``sum((w * (y - g))**2,axis=0) <= s`` where ``g(x)`` + is the smoothed interpolation of ``(x,y)``. The user can use `s` to control + the tradeoff between closeness and smoothness of fit. Larger `s` means + more smoothing while smaller values of `s` indicate less smoothing. + Recommended values of `s` depend on the weights, `w`. If the weights + represent the inverse of the standard-deviation of `y`, then a good `s` + value should be found in the range ``(m-sqrt(2*m),m+sqrt(2*m))`` where ``m`` is + the number of datapoints in `x`, `y`, and `w`. default : ``s=m-sqrt(2*m)`` if + weights are supplied. ``s = 0.0`` (interpolating) if no weights are + supplied. + t : array_like, optional + The knots needed for ``task=-1``. If given then task is automatically set + to ``-1``. + full_output : bool, optional + If non-zero, then return optional outputs. + per : bool, optional + If non-zero, data points are considered periodic with period ``x[m-1]`` - + ``x[0]`` and a smooth periodic spline approximation is returned. Values of + ``y[m-1]`` and ``w[m-1]`` are not used. + The default is zero, corresponding to boundary condition 'not-a-knot'. + quiet : bool, optional + Non-zero to suppress messages. + + Returns + ------- + tck : tuple + A tuple ``(t,c,k)`` containing the vector of knots, the B-spline + coefficients, and the degree of the spline. + fp : array, optional + The weighted sum of squared residuals of the spline approximation. + ier : int, optional + An integer flag about splrep success. Success is indicated if ``ier<=0``. + If ``ier in [1,2,3]``, an error occurred but was not raised. Otherwise an + error is raised. + msg : str, optional + A message corresponding to the integer flag, `ier`. + + See Also + -------- + UnivariateSpline, BivariateSpline + splprep, splev, sproot, spalde, splint + bisplrep, bisplev + BSpline + make_interp_spline + + Notes + ----- + See `splev` for evaluation of the spline and its derivatives. Uses the + FORTRAN routine ``curfit`` from FITPACK. + + The user is responsible for assuring that the values of `x` are unique. + Otherwise, `splrep` will not return sensible results. + + If provided, knots `t` must satisfy the Schoenberg-Whitney conditions, + i.e., there must be a subset of data points ``x[j]`` such that + ``t[j] < x[j] < t[j+k+1]``, for ``j=0, 1,...,n-k-2``. + + This routine zero-pads the coefficients array ``c`` to have the same length + as the array of knots ``t`` (the trailing ``k + 1`` coefficients are ignored + by the evaluation routines, `splev` and `BSpline`.) This is in contrast with + `splprep`, which does not zero-pad the coefficients. + + The default boundary condition is 'not-a-knot', i.e. the first and second + segment at a curve end are the same polynomial. More boundary conditions are + available in `CubicSpline`. + + References + ---------- + Based on algorithms described in [1]_, [2]_, [3]_, and [4]_: + + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "An algorithm for smoothing, differentiation and + integration of experimental data using spline functions", + J.Comp.Appl.Maths 1 (1975) 165-184. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "A fast algorithm for smoothing data on a rectangular + grid while using spline functions", SIAM J.Numer.Anal. 19 (1982) + 1286-1304. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "An improved algorithm for curve fitting with spline + functions", report tw54, Dept. Computer Science,K.U. Leuven, 1981. + .. [4] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + You can interpolate 1-D points with a B-spline curve. + Further examples are given in + :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splev, splrep + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 10, 10) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> spl = splrep(x, y) + >>> x2 = np.linspace(0, 10, 200) + >>> y2 = splev(x2, spl) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'o', x2, y2) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + res = _impl.splrep(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, task, s, t, full_output, per, quiet) + return res + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splev(x, tck, der=0, ext=0): + """ + Evaluate a B-spline or its derivatives. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using + its ``__call__`` method. + + Given the knots and coefficients of a B-spline representation, evaluate + the value of the smoothing polynomial and its derivatives. This is a + wrapper around the FORTRAN routines splev and splder of FITPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + An array of points at which to return the value of the smoothed + spline or its derivatives. If `tck` was returned from `splprep`, + then the parameter values, u should be given. + tck : BSpline instance or tuple + If a tuple, then it should be a sequence of length 3 returned by + `splrep` or `splprep` containing the knots, coefficients, and degree + of the spline. (Also see Notes.) + der : int, optional + The order of derivative of the spline to compute (must be less than + or equal to k, the degree of the spline). + ext : int, optional + Controls the value returned for elements of ``x`` not in the + interval defined by the knot sequence. + + * if ext=0, return the extrapolated value. + * if ext=1, return 0 + * if ext=2, raise a ValueError + * if ext=3, return the boundary value. + + The default value is 0. + + Returns + ------- + y : ndarray or list of ndarrays + An array of values representing the spline function evaluated at + the points in `x`. If `tck` was returned from `splprep`, then this + is a list of arrays representing the curve in an N-D space. + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, sproot, spalde, splint + bisplrep, bisplev + BSpline + + Notes + ----- + Manipulating the tck-tuples directly is not recommended. In new code, + prefer using `BSpline` objects. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] C. de Boor, "On calculating with b-splines", J. Approximation + Theory, 6, p.50-62, 1972. + .. [2] M. G. Cox, "The numerical evaluation of b-splines", J. Inst. Maths + Applics, 10, p.134-149, 1972. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs + on Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + Examples are given :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + A comparison between `splev`, `splder` and `spalde` to compute the derivatives of a + B-spline can be found in the `spalde` examples section. + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + if tck.c.ndim > 1: + mesg = ("Calling splev() with BSpline objects with c.ndim > 1 is " + "not allowed. Use BSpline.__call__(x) instead.") + raise ValueError(mesg) + + # remap the out-of-bounds behavior + try: + extrapolate = {0: True, }[ext] + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError(f"Extrapolation mode {ext} is not supported " + "by BSpline.") from e + + return tck(x, der, extrapolate=extrapolate) + else: + return _impl.splev(x, tck, der, ext) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splint(a, b, tck, full_output=0): + """ + Evaluate the definite integral of a B-spline between two given points. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using its + ``integrate`` method. + + Parameters + ---------- + a, b : float + The end-points of the integration interval. + tck : tuple or a BSpline instance + If a tuple, then it should be a sequence of length 3, containing the + vector of knots, the B-spline coefficients, and the degree of the + spline (see `splev`). + full_output : int, optional + Non-zero to return optional output. + + Returns + ------- + integral : float + The resulting integral. + wrk : ndarray + An array containing the integrals of the normalized B-splines + defined on the set of knots. + (Only returned if `full_output` is non-zero) + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, sproot, spalde, splev + bisplrep, bisplev + BSpline + + Notes + ----- + `splint` silently assumes that the spline function is zero outside the data + interval (`a`, `b`). + + Manipulating the tck-tuples directly is not recommended. In new code, + prefer using the `BSpline` objects. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P.W. Gaffney, The calculation of indefinite integrals of b-splines", + J. Inst. Maths Applics, 17, p.37-41, 1976. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs + on Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + Examples are given :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + if tck.c.ndim > 1: + mesg = ("Calling splint() with BSpline objects with c.ndim > 1 is " + "not allowed. Use BSpline.integrate() instead.") + raise ValueError(mesg) + + if full_output != 0: + mesg = (f"full_output = {full_output} is not supported. Proceeding as if " + "full_output = 0") + + return tck.integrate(a, b, extrapolate=False) + else: + return _impl.splint(a, b, tck, full_output) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def sproot(tck, mest=10): + """ + Find the roots of a cubic B-spline. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using the + following pattern: `PPoly.from_spline(spl).roots()`. + + Given the knots (>=8) and coefficients of a cubic B-spline return the + roots of the spline. + + Parameters + ---------- + tck : tuple or a BSpline object + If a tuple, then it should be a sequence of length 3, containing the + vector of knots, the B-spline coefficients, and the degree of the + spline. + The number of knots must be >= 8, and the degree must be 3. + The knots must be a montonically increasing sequence. + mest : int, optional + An estimate of the number of zeros (Default is 10). + + Returns + ------- + zeros : ndarray + An array giving the roots of the spline. + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, splint, spalde, splev + bisplrep, bisplev + BSpline + + Notes + ----- + Manipulating the tck-tuples directly is not recommended. In new code, + prefer using the `BSpline` objects. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] C. de Boor, "On calculating with b-splines", J. Approximation + Theory, 6, p.50-62, 1972. + .. [2] M. G. Cox, "The numerical evaluation of b-splines", J. Inst. Maths + Applics, 10, p.134-149, 1972. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs + on Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + + For some data, this method may miss a root. This happens when one of + the spline knots (which FITPACK places automatically) happens to + coincide with the true root. A workaround is to convert to `PPoly`, + which uses a different root-finding algorithm. + + For example, + + >>> x = [1.96, 1.97, 1.98, 1.99, 2.00, 2.01, 2.02, 2.03, 2.04, 2.05] + >>> y = [-6.365470e-03, -4.790580e-03, -3.204320e-03, -1.607270e-03, + ... 4.440892e-16, 1.616930e-03, 3.243000e-03, 4.877670e-03, + ... 6.520430e-03, 8.170770e-03] + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, sproot, PPoly + >>> tck = splrep(x, y, s=0) + >>> sproot(tck) + array([], dtype=float64) + + Converting to a PPoly object does find the roots at ``x=2``: + + >>> ppoly = PPoly.from_spline(tck) + >>> ppoly.roots(extrapolate=False) + array([2.]) + + + Further examples are given :ref:`in the tutorial + `. + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + if tck.c.ndim > 1: + mesg = ("Calling sproot() with BSpline objects with c.ndim > 1 is " + "not allowed.") + raise ValueError(mesg) + + t, c, k = tck.tck + + # _impl.sproot expects the interpolation axis to be last, so roll it. + # NB: This transpose is a no-op if c is 1D. + sh = tuple(range(c.ndim)) + c = c.transpose(sh[1:] + (0,)) + return _impl.sproot((t, c, k), mest) + else: + return _impl.sproot(tck, mest) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def spalde(x, tck): + """ + Evaluate a B-spline and all its derivatives at one point (or set of points) up + to order k (the degree of the spline), being 0 the spline itself. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and evaluate + its derivative in a loop or a list comprehension. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + A point or a set of points at which to evaluate the derivatives. + Note that ``t(k) <= x <= t(n-k+1)`` must hold for each `x`. + tck : tuple + A tuple (t,c,k) containing the vector of knots, + the B-spline coefficients, and the degree of the spline whose + derivatives to compute. + + Returns + ------- + results : {ndarray, list of ndarrays} + An array (or a list of arrays) containing all derivatives + up to order k inclusive for each point `x`, being the first element the + spline itself. + + See Also + -------- + splprep, splrep, splint, sproot, splev, bisplrep, bisplev, + UnivariateSpline, BivariateSpline + + References + ---------- + .. [1] de Boor C : On calculating with b-splines, J. Approximation Theory + 6 (1972) 50-62. + .. [2] Cox M.G. : The numerical evaluation of b-splines, J. Inst. Maths + applics 10 (1972) 134-149. + .. [3] Dierckx P. : Curve and surface fitting with splines, Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Examples + -------- + To calculate the derivatives of a B-spline there are several aproaches. + In this example, we will demonstrate that `spalde` is equivalent to + calling `splev` and `splder`. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BSpline, spalde, splder, splev + + >>> # Store characteristic parameters of a B-spline + >>> tck = ((-2, -2, -2, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2), # knots + ... (0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 0), # coefficients + ... 3) # degree (cubic) + >>> # Instance a B-spline object + >>> # `BSpline` objects are preferred, except for spalde() + >>> bspl = BSpline(tck[0], tck[1], tck[2]) + >>> # Generate extra points to get a smooth curve + >>> x = np.linspace(min(tck[0]), max(tck[0]), 100) + + Evaluate the curve and all derivatives + + >>> # The order of derivative must be less or equal to k, the degree of the spline + >>> # Method 1: spalde() + >>> f1_y_bsplin = [spalde(i, tck)[0] for i in x ] # The B-spline itself + >>> f1_y_deriv1 = [spalde(i, tck)[1] for i in x ] # 1st derivative + >>> f1_y_deriv2 = [spalde(i, tck)[2] for i in x ] # 2nd derivative + >>> f1_y_deriv3 = [spalde(i, tck)[3] for i in x ] # 3rd derivative + >>> # You can reach the same result by using `splev`and `splder` + >>> f2_y_deriv3 = splev(x, bspl, der=3) + >>> f3_y_deriv3 = splder(bspl, n=3)(x) + + >>> # Generate a figure with three axes for graphic comparison + >>> fig, (ax1, ax2, ax3) = plt.subplots(1, 3, figsize=(16, 5)) + >>> suptitle = fig.suptitle(f'Evaluate a B-spline and all derivatives') + >>> # Plot B-spline and all derivatives using the three methods + >>> orders = range(4) + >>> linetypes = ['-', '--', '-.', ':'] + >>> labels = ['B-Spline', '1st deriv.', '2nd deriv.', '3rd deriv.'] + >>> functions = ['splev()', 'splder()', 'spalde()'] + >>> for order, linetype, label in zip(orders, linetypes, labels): + ... ax1.plot(x, splev(x, bspl, der=order), linetype, label=label) + ... ax2.plot(x, splder(bspl, n=order)(x), linetype, label=label) + ... ax3.plot(x, [spalde(i, tck)[order] for i in x], linetype, label=label) + >>> for ax, function in zip((ax1, ax2, ax3), functions): + ... ax.set_title(function) + ... ax.legend() + >>> plt.tight_layout() + >>> plt.show() + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + raise TypeError("spalde does not accept BSpline instances.") + else: + return _impl.spalde(x, tck) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def insert(x, tck, m=1, per=0): + """ + Insert knots into a B-spline. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using + its ``insert_knot`` method. + + Given the knots and coefficients of a B-spline representation, create a + new B-spline with a knot inserted `m` times at point `x`. + This is a wrapper around the FORTRAN routine insert of FITPACK. + + Parameters + ---------- + x (u) : float + A knot value at which to insert a new knot. If `tck` was returned + from ``splprep``, then the parameter values, u should be given. + tck : a `BSpline` instance or a tuple + If tuple, then it is expected to be a tuple (t,c,k) containing + the vector of knots, the B-spline coefficients, and the degree of + the spline. + m : int, optional + The number of times to insert the given knot (its multiplicity). + Default is 1. + per : int, optional + If non-zero, the input spline is considered periodic. + + Returns + ------- + BSpline instance or a tuple + A new B-spline with knots t, coefficients c, and degree k. + ``t(k+1) <= x <= t(n-k)``, where k is the degree of the spline. + In case of a periodic spline (``per != 0``) there must be + either at least k interior knots t(j) satisfying ``t(k+1)>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, insert + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 10, 5) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> tck = splrep(x, y) + >>> tck[0] + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 5., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + A knot is inserted: + + >>> tck_inserted = insert(3, tck) + >>> tck_inserted[0] + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 3., 5., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + Some knots are inserted: + + >>> tck_inserted2 = insert(8, tck, m=3) + >>> tck_inserted2[0] + array([ 0., 0., 0., 0., 5., 8., 8., 8., 10., 10., 10., 10.]) + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + + t, c, k = tck.tck + + # FITPACK expects the interpolation axis to be last, so roll it over + # NB: if c array is 1D, transposes are no-ops + sh = tuple(range(c.ndim)) + c = c.transpose(sh[1:] + (0,)) + t_, c_, k_ = _impl.insert(x, (t, c, k), m, per) + + # and roll the last axis back + c_ = np.asarray(c_) + c_ = c_.transpose((sh[-1],) + sh[:-1]) + return BSpline(t_, c_, k_) + else: + return _impl.insert(x, tck, m, per) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splder(tck, n=1): + """ + Compute the spline representation of the derivative of a given spline + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using its + ``derivative`` method. + + Parameters + ---------- + tck : BSpline instance or tuple + BSpline instance or a tuple (t,c,k) containing the vector of knots, + the B-spline coefficients, and the degree of the spline whose + derivative to compute + n : int, optional + Order of derivative to evaluate. Default: 1 + + Returns + ------- + `BSpline` instance or tuple + Spline of order k2=k-n representing the derivative + of the input spline. + A tuple is returned if the input argument `tck` is a tuple, otherwise + a BSpline object is constructed and returned. + + See Also + -------- + splantider, splev, spalde + BSpline + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.13.0 + + Examples + -------- + This can be used for finding maxima of a curve: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, splder, sproot + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 10, 70) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + >>> spl = splrep(x, y, k=4) + + Now, differentiate the spline and find the zeros of the + derivative. (NB: `sproot` only works for order 3 splines, so we + fit an order 4 spline): + + >>> dspl = splder(spl) + >>> sproot(dspl) / np.pi + array([ 0.50000001, 1.5 , 2.49999998]) + + This agrees well with roots :math:`\\pi/2 + n\\pi` of + :math:`\\cos(x) = \\sin'(x)`. + + A comparison between `splev`, `splder` and `spalde` to compute the derivatives of a + B-spline can be found in the `spalde` examples section. + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + return tck.derivative(n) + else: + return _impl.splder(tck, n) + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +def splantider(tck, n=1): + """ + Compute the spline for the antiderivative (integral) of a given spline. + + .. legacy:: function + + Specifically, we recommend constructing a `BSpline` object and using its + ``antiderivative`` method. + + Parameters + ---------- + tck : BSpline instance or a tuple of (t, c, k) + Spline whose antiderivative to compute + n : int, optional + Order of antiderivative to evaluate. Default: 1 + + Returns + ------- + BSpline instance or a tuple of (t2, c2, k2) + Spline of order k2=k+n representing the antiderivative of the input + spline. + A tuple is returned iff the input argument `tck` is a tuple, otherwise + a BSpline object is constructed and returned. + + See Also + -------- + splder, splev, spalde + BSpline + + Notes + ----- + The `splder` function is the inverse operation of this function. + Namely, ``splder(splantider(tck))`` is identical to `tck`, modulo + rounding error. + + .. versionadded:: 0.13.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, splder, splantider, splev + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x = np.linspace(0, np.pi/2, 70) + >>> y = 1 / np.sqrt(1 - 0.8*np.sin(x)**2) + >>> spl = splrep(x, y) + + The derivative is the inverse operation of the antiderivative, + although some floating point error accumulates: + + >>> splev(1.7, spl), splev(1.7, splder(splantider(spl))) + (array(2.1565429877197317), array(2.1565429877201865)) + + Antiderivative can be used to evaluate definite integrals: + + >>> ispl = splantider(spl) + >>> splev(np.pi/2, ispl) - splev(0, ispl) + 2.2572053588768486 + + This is indeed an approximation to the complete elliptic integral + :math:`K(m) = \\int_0^{\\pi/2} [1 - m\\sin^2 x]^{-1/2} dx`: + + >>> from scipy.special import ellipk + >>> ellipk(0.8) + 2.2572053268208538 + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + return tck.antiderivative(n) + else: + return _impl.splantider(tck, n) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_repro.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_repro.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..73347d435bd16228825206aa2f249db24297edaa --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_repro.py @@ -0,0 +1,1339 @@ +""" Replicate FITPACK's logic for constructing smoothing spline functions and curves. + + Currently provides analogs of splrep and splprep python routines, i.e. + curfit.f and parcur.f routines (the drivers are fpcurf.f and fppara.f, respectively) + + The Fortran sources are from + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/ + + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and + parametric splines, Computer Graphics and Image Processing", + 20 (1982) 171-184. + :doi:`10.1016/0146-664X(82)90043-0`. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + .. [3] P. Dierckx, "An algorithm for smoothing, differentiation and integration + of experimental data using spline functions", + Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol. I, no 3, p. 165 (1975). + https://doi.org/10.1016/0771-050X(75)90034-0 +""" +import warnings +import operator +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, concat_1d, xp_capabilities + +from ._bsplines import ( + _not_a_knot, make_interp_spline, BSpline, fpcheck, _lsq_solve_qr, + _lsq_solve_qr_for_root_rati_periodic, _periodic_knots +) +from . import _dierckx # type: ignore[attr-defined] + + +# cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc +# c part 1: determination of the number of knots and their position c +# c ************************************************************** c +# +# https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L31 + + +# Hardcoded in curfit.f +TOL = 0.001 +MAXIT = 20 + + +def _get_residuals(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=False): + # inline the relevant part of + # >>> spl = make_lsq_spline(x, y, w=w2, t=t, k=k) + # NB: + # 1. y is assumed to be 2D here. For 1D case (parametric=False), + # the call must have been preceded by y = y[:, None] (cf _validate_inputs) + # 2. We always sum the squares across axis=1: + # * For 1D (parametric=False), the last dimension has size one, + # so the summation is a no-op. + # * For 2D (parametric=True), the summation is actually how the + # 'residuals' are defined, see Eq. (42) in Dierckx1982 + # (the reference is in the docstring of `class F`) below. + _, _, _, fp, residuals = _lsq_solve_qr(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=periodic) + if np.isnan(residuals.sum()): + raise ValueError(_iermesg[1]) + return residuals, fp + +def _validate_bc_type(bc_type): + if bc_type is None: + return "not-a-knot" + + if bc_type not in ("not-a-knot", "periodic"): + raise ValueError("Only 'not-a-knot' and 'periodic' " + "boundary conditions are recognised, " + f"found {bc_type}") + + return bc_type + + +def add_knot(x, t, k, residuals): + """Add a new knot. + + (Approximately) replicate FITPACK's logic: + 1. split the `x` array into knot intervals, ``t(j+k) <= x(i) <= t(j+k+1)`` + 2. find the interval with the maximum sum of residuals + 3. insert a new knot into the middle of that interval. + + NB: a new knot is in fact an `x` value at the middle of the interval. + So *the knots are a subset of `x`*. + + This routine is an analog of + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v1.11.4/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L190-L215 + (cf _split function) + + and https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v1.11.4/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpknot.f + """ + new_knot = _dierckx.fpknot(x, t, k, residuals) + + idx_t = np.searchsorted(t, new_knot) + t_new = np.r_[t[:idx_t], new_knot, t[idx_t:]] + return t_new + + +def _validate_inputs(x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe, parametric, periodic=False): + """Common input validations for generate_knots and make_splrep. + """ + x = np.asarray(x, dtype=float) + y = np.asarray(y, dtype=float) + + if not x.flags.c_contiguous: + x = x.copy() + if not y.flags.c_contiguous: + y = y.copy() + + if w is None: + w = np.ones_like(x, dtype=float) + else: + w = np.asarray(w, dtype=float) + if not w.flags.c_contiguous: + w = w.copy() + if w.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"{w.ndim = } not implemented yet.") + if (w < 0).any(): + raise ValueError("Weights must be non-negative") + if w.sum() == 0: + raise ValueError("All weights are zero.") + + + if y.ndim == 0 or y.ndim > 2: + raise ValueError(f"{y.ndim = } not supported (must be 1 or 2.)") + + parametric = bool(parametric) + if parametric: + if y.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError(f"{y.ndim = } != 2 not supported with {parametric =}.") + else: + if y.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"{y.ndim = } != 1 not supported with {parametric =}.") + # all _impl functions expect y.ndim = 2 + y = y[:, None] + + if w.shape[0] != x.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f"Weights is incompatible: {w.shape =} != {x.shape}.") + + if x.shape[0] != y.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f"Data is incompatible: {x.shape = } and {y.shape = }.") + if x.ndim != 1 or (x[1:] < x[:-1]).any(): + raise ValueError("Expect `x` to be an ordered 1D sequence.") + + k = operator.index(k) + + if s < 0: + raise ValueError(f"`s` must be non-negative. Got {s = }") + + if xb is None: + xb = min(x) + if xe is None: + xe = max(x) + + if periodic and not np.allclose(y[0], y[-1], atol=1e-15): + raise ValueError("First and last points does not match which is required " + "for `bc_type='periodic'`.") + + return x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def generate_knots(x, y, *, w=None, xb=None, xe=None, + k=3, s=0, nest=None, bc_type=None): + """Generate knot vectors until the Least SQuares (LSQ) criterion is satified. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y : array_like + The data points defining the curve ``y = f(x)``. + w : array_like, optional + Weights. + xb : float, optional + The boundary of the approximation interval. If None (default), + is set to ``x[0]``. + xe : float, optional + The boundary of the approximation interval. If None (default), + is set to ``x[-1]``. + k : int, optional + The spline degree. Default is cubic, ``k = 3``. + s : float, optional + The smoothing factor. Default is ``s = 0``. + nest : int, optional + Stop when at least this many knots are placed. + ends are equivalent. + bc_type : str, optional + Boundary conditions. + Default is `"not-a-knot"`. + The following boundary conditions are recognized: + + * ``"not-a-knot"`` (default): The first and second segments are the + same polynomial. This is equivalent to having ``bc_type=None``. + * ``"periodic"``: The values and the first ``k-1`` derivatives at the + ends are equivalent. + + Yields + ------ + t : ndarray + Knot vectors with an increasing number of knots. + The generator is finite: it stops when the smoothing critetion is + satisfied, or when then number of knots exceeds the maximum value: + the user-provided `nest` or `x.size + k + 1` --- which is the knot vector + for the interpolating spline. + + Examples + -------- + Generate some noisy data and fit a sequence of LSQ splines: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import make_lsq_spline, generate_knots + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + >>> x = np.linspace(-3, 3, 50) + >>> y = np.exp(-x**2) + 0.1 * rng.standard_normal(size=50) + + >>> knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, s=1e-10)) + >>> for t in knots[::3]: + ... spl = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t) + ... xs = xs = np.linspace(-3, 3, 201) + ... plt.plot(xs, spl(xs), '-', label=f'n = {len(t)}', lw=3, alpha=0.7) + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'o', label='data') + >>> plt.plot(xs, np.exp(-xs**2), '--') + >>> plt.legend() + + Note that increasing the number of knots make the result follow the data + more and more closely. + + Also note that a step of the generator may add multiple knots: + + >>> [len(t) for t in knots] + [8, 9, 10, 12, 16, 24, 40, 48, 52, 54] + + Notes + ----- + The routine generates successive knots vectors of increasing length, starting + from ``2*(k+1)`` to ``len(x) + k + 1``, trying to make knots more dense + in the regions where the deviation of the LSQ spline from data is large. + + When the maximum number of knots, ``len(x) + k + 1`` is reached + (this happens when ``s`` is small and ``nest`` is large), the generator + stops, and the last output is the knots for the interpolation with the + not-a-knot boundary condition. + + Knots are located at data sites, unless ``k`` is even and the number of knots + is ``len(x) + k + 1``. In that case, the last output of the generator + has internal knots at Greville sites, ``(x[1:] + x[:-1]) / 2``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.15.0 + + """ + xp = array_namespace(x, y, w) + bc_type = _validate_bc_type(bc_type) + periodic = bc_type == 'periodic' + + if s == 0: + if nest is not None or w is not None: + raise ValueError("s == 0 is interpolation only") + # For special-case k=1 (e.g., Lyche and Morken, Eq.(2.16)), + # _not_a_knot produces desired knot vector + if periodic and k > 1: + t = _periodic_knots(x, k) + else: + t = _not_a_knot(x, k) + yield xp.asarray(t) + return + + x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe = _validate_inputs( + x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe, parametric=np.ndim(y) == 2, + periodic=periodic + ) + + yield from _generate_knots_impl(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, s, nest, periodic, xp=xp) + + +def _generate_knots_impl(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, s, nest, periodic, xp=np): + + acc = s * TOL + m = x.size # the number of data points + + if nest is None: + # the max number of knots. This is set in _fitpack_impl.py line 274 + # and fitpack.pyf line 198 + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/596b586e25e34bd842b575bac134b4d6924c6556/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_impl.py#L260-L263 + if periodic: + nest = max(m + 2*k, 2*k + 3) + else: + nest = max(m + k + 1, 2*k + 3) + else: + if nest < 2*(k + 1): + raise ValueError(f"`nest` too small: {nest = } < 2*(k+1) = {2*(k+1)}.") + + if not periodic: + nmin = 2*(k + 1) # the number of knots for an LSQ polynomial approximation + nmax = m + k + 1 # the number of knots for the spline interpolation + else: + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L54 + nmin = 2*(k + 1) # the number of knots for an LSQ polynomial approximation + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L61 + nmax = m + 2*k # the number of knots for the spline interpolation + + per = xe - xb + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L107-L123 + # Computes fp0 for constant function + if periodic: + t = np.zeros(nmin, dtype=float) + for i in range(0, k + 1): + t[i] = x[0] - (k - i) * per + t[i + k + 1] = x[m - 1] + i * per + _, fp = _get_residuals(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=periodic) + # For periodic splines, check whether constant function + # satisfies accuracy criterion + # Also if maximal number of nodes is equal to the minimal + # then constant function is the direct solution + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L600-L610 + if fp - s < acc or nmax == nmin: + yield t + return + else: + fp = 0.0 + fpold = 0.0 + + # start from no internal knots + if not periodic: + t = np.asarray([xb]*(k+1) + [xe]*(k+1), dtype=float) + else: + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L131 + # Initialize knot vector `t` of size (2k + 3) with zeros. + # The central knot `t[k + 1]` is seeded with the midpoint value from `x`. + # Note that, in the `if periodic:` block (in the main loop below), + # the boundary knots `t[k]` and `t[n - k - 1]` are set to the endpoints `xb` and + # `xe`. Then, the surrounding knots on both ends are updated to ensure + # periodicity. + # Specifically: + # - Left-side knots are mirrored from the right end minus the period (`per`). + # - Right-side knots are mirrored from the left end plus the period. + # These updates ensure that the knot vector wraps around correctly for periodic + # B-spline fitting. + t = np.zeros(2*k + 3, dtype=float) + t[k + 1] = x[(m + 1)//2 - 1] + nplus = 1 + n = t.shape[0] + + # c main loop for the different sets of knots. m is a safe upper bound + # c for the number of trials. + for iter in range(m): + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L147-L158 + if periodic: + n = t.shape[0] + t[k] = xb + t[n - k - 1] = xe + for j in range(1, k + 1): + t[k - j] = t[n - k - j - 1] - per + t[n - k + j - 1] = t[k + j] + per + yield xp.asarray(t) + + # construct the LSQ spline with this set of knots + fpold = fp + residuals, fp = _get_residuals(x, y, t, k, w=w, + periodic=periodic) + fpms = fp - s + + # c test whether the approximation sinf(x) is an acceptable solution. + # c if f(p=inf) < s accept the choice of knots. + if (abs(fpms) < acc) or (fpms < 0): + return + + # ### c increase the number of knots. ### + + # c determine the number of knots nplus we are going to add. + if n == nmin: + # the first iteration + nplus = 1 + else: + delta = fpold - fp + npl1 = int(nplus * fpms / delta) if delta > acc else nplus*2 + nplus = min(nplus*2, max(npl1, nplus//2, 1)) + + # actually add knots + for j in range(nplus): + t = add_knot(x, t, k, residuals) + + # check if we have enough knots already + + n = t.shape[0] + # c if n = nmax, sinf(x) is an interpolating spline. + # c if n=nmax we locate the knots as for interpolation. + if n >= nmax: + if not periodic: + t = _not_a_knot(x, k) + else: + t = _periodic_knots(x, k) + yield xp.asarray(t) + return + + # c if n=nest we cannot increase the number of knots because of + # c the storage capacity limitation. + if n >= nest: + yield xp.asarray(t) + return + + # recompute if needed + if j < nplus - 1: + residuals, _ = _get_residuals(x, y, t, k, w=w, periodic=periodic) + + # this should never be reached + return + + +# cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc +# c part 2: determination of the smoothing spline sp(x). c +# c *************************************************** c +# c we have determined the number of knots and their position. c +# c we now compute the b-spline coefficients of the smoothing spline c +# c sp(x). the observation matrix a is extended by the rows of matrix c +# c b expressing that the kth derivative discontinuities of sp(x) at c +# c the interior knots t(k+2),...t(n-k-1) must be zero. the corres- c +# c ponding weights of these additional rows are set to 1/p. c +# c iteratively we then have to determine the value of p such that c +# c f(p)=sum((w(i)*(y(i)-sp(x(i))))**2) be = s. we already know that c +# c the least-squares kth degree polynomial corresponds to p=0, and c +# c that the least-squares spline corresponds to p=infinity. the c +# c iteration process which is proposed here, makes use of rational c +# c interpolation. since f(p) is a convex and strictly decreasing c +# c function of p, it can be approximated by a rational function c +# c r(p) = (u*p+v)/(p+w). three values of p(p1,p2,p3) with correspond- c +# c ing values of f(p) (f1=f(p1)-s,f2=f(p2)-s,f3=f(p3)-s) are used c +# c to calculate the new value of p such that r(p)=s. convergence is c +# c guaranteed by taking f1>0 and f3<0. c +# cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc + + +def prodd(t, i, j, k): + res = 1.0 + for s in range(k+2): + if i + s != j: + res *= (t[j] - t[i+s]) + return res + + +def disc(t, k): + """Discontinuity matrix: jumps of k-th derivatives of b-splines at internal knots. + + See Eqs. (9)-(10) of Ref. [1], or, equivalently, Eq. (3.43) of Ref. [2]. + + This routine assumes internal knots are all simple (have multiplicity =1). + + Parameters + ---------- + t : ndarray, 1D, shape(n,) + Knots. + k : int + The spline degree + + Returns + ------- + disc : ndarray, shape(n-2*k-1, k+2) + The jumps of the k-th derivatives of b-splines at internal knots, + ``t[k+1], ...., t[n-k-1]``. + offset : ndarray, shape(2-2*k-1,) + Offsets + nc : int + + Notes + ----- + + The normalization here follows FITPACK: + (https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpdisc.f#L36) + + The k-th derivative jumps are multiplied by a factor:: + + (delta / nrint)**k / k! + + where ``delta`` is the length of the interval spanned by internal knots, and + ``nrint`` is one less the number of internal knots (i.e., the number of + subintervals between them). + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Paul Dierckx, Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and parametric + splines, Computer Graphics and Image Processing, vol. 20, p. 171 (1982). + :doi:`10.1016/0146-664X(82)90043-0` + + .. [2] Tom Lyche and Knut Morken, Spline methods, + http://www.uio.no/studier/emner/matnat/ifi/INF-MAT5340/v05/undervisningsmateriale/ + + """ + n = t.shape[0] + + # the length of the base interval spanned by internal knots & the number + # of subintervas between these internal knots + delta = t[n - k - 1] - t[k] + nrint = n - 2*k - 1 + + matr = np.empty((nrint - 1, k + 2), dtype=float) + for jj in range(nrint - 1): + j = jj + k + 1 + for ii in range(k + 2): + i = jj + ii + matr[jj, ii] = (t[i + k + 1] - t[i]) / prodd(t, i, j, k) + # NB: equivalent to + # row = [(t[i + k + 1] - t[i]) / prodd(t, i, j, k) for i in range(j-k-1, j+1)] + # assert (matr[j-k-1, :] == row).all() + + # follow FITPACK + matr *= (delta/ nrint)**k + + # make it packed + offset = np.array([i for i in range(nrint-1)], dtype=np.int64) + nc = n - k - 1 + return matr, offset, nc + + +class F: + """ The r.h.s. of ``f(p) = s``. + + Given scalar `p`, we solve the system of equations in the LSQ sense: + + | A | @ | c | = | y | + | B / p | | 0 | | 0 | + + where `A` is the matrix of b-splines and `b` is the discontinuity matrix + (the jumps of the k-th derivatives of b-spline basis elements at knots). + + Since we do that repeatedly while minimizing over `p`, we QR-factorize + `A` only once and update the QR factorization only of the `B` rows of the + augmented matrix |A, B/p|. + + The system of equations is Eq. (15) Ref. [1]_, the strategy and implementation + follows that of FITPACK, see specific links below. + + References + ---------- + [1] P. Dierckx, Algorithms for Smoothing Data with Periodic and Parametric Splines, + COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND IMAGE PROCESSING vol. 20, pp 171-184 (1982.) + https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-664X(82)90043-0 + + """ + def __init__(self, x, y, t, k, s, w=None, *, R=None, Y=None): + self.x = x + self.y = y + self.t = t + self.k = k + w = np.ones_like(x, dtype=float) if w is None else w + if w.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"{w.ndim = } != 1.") + self.w = w + self.s = s + + if y.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError(f"F: expected y.ndim == 2, got {y.ndim = } instead.") + + # ### precompute what we can ### + + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L250 + # c evaluate the discontinuity jump of the kth derivative of the + # c b-splines at the knots t(l),l=k+2,...n-k-1 and store in b. + b, b_offset, b_nc = disc(t, k) + + # the QR factorization of the data matrix, if not provided + # NB: otherwise, must be consistent with x,y & s, but this is not checked + if R is None and Y is None: + R, Y, _, _, _ = _lsq_solve_qr(x, y, t, k, w) + + # prepare to combine R and the discontinuity matrix (AB); also r.h.s. (YY) + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L269 + # c the rows of matrix b with weight 1/p are rotated into the + # c triangularised observation matrix a which is stored in g. + nc = t.shape[0] - k - 1 + nz = k + 1 + if R.shape[1] != nz: + raise ValueError(f"Internal error: {R.shape[1] =} != {k+1 =}.") + + # r.h.s. of the augmented system + z = np.zeros((b.shape[0], Y.shape[1]), dtype=float) + self.YY = np.r_[Y[:nc], z] + + # l.h.s. of the augmented system + AA = np.zeros((nc + b.shape[0], self.k+2), dtype=float) + AA[:nc, :nz] = R[:nc, :] + # AA[nc:, :] = b.a / p # done in __call__(self, p) + self.AA = AA + self.offset = np.r_[np.arange(nc, dtype=np.int64), b_offset] + + self.nc = nc + self.b = b + + def __call__(self, p): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L279 + # c the row of matrix b is rotated into triangle by givens transformation + + # copy the precomputed matrices over for in-place work + # R = PackedMatrix(self.AB.a.copy(), self.AB.offset.copy(), nc) + AB = self.AA.copy() + offset = self.offset.copy() + nc = self.nc + + AB[nc:, :] = self.b / p + QY = self.YY.copy() + + # heavy lifting happens here, in-place + _dierckx.qr_reduce(AB, offset, nc, QY, startrow=nc) + + # solve for the coefficients + c, _, fp = _dierckx.fpback(AB, nc, self.x, self.y, self.t, self.k, self.w, QY) + + spl = BSpline(self.t, c, self.k) + self.spl = spl # store it + + return fp - self.s + +class Fperiodic: + """ + Fit a smooth periodic B-spline curve to given data points. + + This class fits a periodic B-spline curve S(t) of degree k through data points + (x, y) with knots t. The spline is smooth and repeats itself at the start and + end, meaning the function and its derivatives up to order k-1 are equal + at the boundaries. + + We want to find spline coefficients c that minimize the difference between + the spline and the data, while also keeping the spline smooth. This is done + by solving: + + minimize || W^{1/2} (Y - B c) ||^2 + s * c^T @ R @ c + subject to periodic constraints on c. + + where: + - Y is the data values, + - B is the matrix of B-spline basis functions at points x, + - W is a weighting matrix for the data points, + - s is the smoothing parameter (larger s means smoother curve), + - R is a matrix that penalizes wiggliness of the spline, + - c spline coefficients to be solved for + - periodic constraints ensure the spline repeats smoothly. + + The solution is obtained by forming augmented matrices and performing + a QR factorization that incorporates these constraints, following the + approach in FITPACK's `fpperi.f`. + + Parameters: + ----------- + x : array_like, shape (n,) + y : array_like, shape (n, m) + t : array_like, shape (nt,) + Knot vector for the spline + k : int + Degree of the spline. + s : float + Controls smoothness: bigger s means smoother curve, smaller s fits data closer. + w : array_like, shape (n,), optional + Weights for data points. Defaults to all ones. + R, Y, A1, A2, Z : arrays, optional + Precomputed matrices from least squares and QR factorization steps to speed up + repeated fits with the same knots and data. + + Attributes: + ----------- + G1, G2 : arrays + Augmented matrices combining the original QR factors and constraints related to + the spline basis and data. G1 is roughly the "upper-triangular" part; + G2 contains additional constraint information for periodicity. + + H1, H2 : arrays + Matrices associated with the discontinuity jump constraints of the k-th + derivative of B-splines at the knots. These encode the periodicity + conditions and are scaled by the smoothing parameter. + + offset : array + Offset indices used for efficient indexing during QR reduction. + + Methods: + -------- + __call__(p): + Perform QR reduction of augmented matrices scaled by 1/p, solve for spline + coefficients, and return residual difference fp - s. + + References: + ----------- + - FITPACK's fpperi.f and fpcurf.f Fortran routines for periodic spline fitting. + """ + def __init__(self, x, y, t, k, s, w=None, *, + R=None, Y=None, A1=None, A2=None, Z=None): + # Initialize the class with input data points x, y, + # knot vector t, spline degree k, smoothing factor s, + # optional weights w, and optionally precomputed matrices. + self.x = x + self.y = y + self.t = t + self.k = k + + # If weights not provided, default to uniform weights (all ones) + w = np.ones_like(x, dtype=float) if w is None else w + + if w.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"{w.ndim = } != 1.") + self.w = w + + self.s = s + + if y.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError(f"F: expected y.ndim == 2, got {y.ndim = } instead.") + + # ### precompute matrices and factors needed for spline fitting ### + + # Compute the discontinuity jump vector 'b' for the k-th derivative + # of B-splines at internal knots. This is needed for enforcing + # periodicity constraints. The jump discontinuities are stored in b. + # Refer: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L252 + b, b_offset, b_nc = disc(t, k) + + # If QR factorization or auxiliary matrices (A1, A2, Z) are not provided, + # compute them via least squares on the data (x,y) with weights w. + # These matrices come from fitting B-spline basis to data. + if ((A1 is None or A2 is None or Z is None) or + (R is None and Y is None)): + # _lsq_solve_qr_for_root_rati_periodic computes QR factorization of + # data matrix and returns related matrices. + # Refer: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L171-L215 + R, A1, A2, Z, _, _, _, _ = _lsq_solve_qr_for_root_rati_periodic( + x, y, t, k, w) + + # Initialize augmented matrices G1, G2, H1, H2 and offset used + # for periodic B-spline fitting with constraints. + # This calls the C++ function `init_augmented_matrices` to set + # up these matrices based on A1, A2, and discontinuity vector b. + # Refer: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L441-L493 + G1, G2, H1, H2, offset = _dierckx.init_augmented_matrices(A1, A2, b, len(t), k) + + # Store these matrices as class attributes for use in evaluation + self.G1_ = G1 + self.G2_ = G2 + self.H1_ = H1 + self.H2_ = H2 + self.Z_ = Z + self.offset_ = offset + + def __call__(self, p): + # Create copies of the augmented matrices to avoid overwriting originals + G1 = self.G1_.copy() + G2 = self.G2_.copy() + H1 = self.H1_.copy() + H2 = self.H2_.copy() + Z = self.Z_.copy() + + # Scale H1 and H2 by the inverse of p (1/p), applying the pinv multiplier + # This scaling is required before QR reduction step to control smoothing. + pinv = 1/p + H1 = H1 * pinv + H2 = H2 * pinv + + # Initialize vector c for coefficients with shape compatible with matrices. + # The first part of c is set from Z, which is related to least squares fit. + c = np.empty((len(self.t) - self.k - 1, Z.shape[1]), dtype=Z.dtype) + c[:len(self.t) - 2*self.k - 1, :] = Z[:len(self.t) - 2*self.k - 1, :] + + # Perform QR factorization reduction on the augmented matrices + # This corresponds to the C++ function qr_reduce_augmented_matrices. + # It applies Givens rotations to eliminate entries and + # reduces the problem dimension by accounting for constraints. + # Refer: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.16.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpperi.f#L498-L534 + _dierckx.qr_reduce_augmented_matrices( + G1, G2, H1, H2, c, self.offset_, len(self.t), self.k) + + # Solve for the B-spline coefficients by backward substitution + # using the reduced matrices. This corresponds to the fpbacp routine in fitpack. + c, _, fp = _dierckx.fpbacp( + G1, G2, c, + self.k, self.k + 1, self.x[:-1], self.y[:-1, :], + self.t, self.w[:-1]) + + # Construct a BSpline object using knot vector t, coefficients c, and degree k + spl = BSpline(self.t, c, self.k) + self.spl = spl # store it in the object + + # Return the difference between the final residual fp and smoothing parameter s + # This quantity is used to assess fit quality in root-finding procedures. + return fp - self.s + + +def fprati(p1, f1, p2, f2, p3, f3): + """The root of r(p) = (u*p + v) / (p + w) given three points and values, + (p1, f2), (p2, f2) and (p3, f3). + + The FITPACK analog adjusts the bounds, and we do not + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fprati.f + + NB: FITPACK uses p < 0 to encode p=infinity. We just use the infinity itself. + Since the bracket is ``p1 <= p2 <= p3``, ``p3`` can be infinite (in fact, + this is what the minimizer starts with, ``p3=inf``). + """ + h1 = f1 * (f2 - f3) + h2 = f2 * (f3 - f1) + h3 = f3 * (f1 - f2) + if p3 == np.inf: + return -(p2*h1 + p1*h2) / h3 + return -(p1*p2*h3 + p2*p3*h1 + p1*p3*h2) / (p1*h1 + p2*h2 + p3*h3) + + +class Bunch: + def __init__(self, **kwargs): + self.__dict__.update(**kwargs) + + +_iermesg1 = """error. a theoretically impossible result was found during +the iteration process for finding a smoothing spline with +fp = s. probably causes : s too small. +""" + +_iermesg = { +1: _iermesg1 + """the weighted sum of squared residuals is becoming NaN +""", +2: _iermesg1 + """there is an approximation returned but the corresponding +weighted sum of squared residuals does not satisfy the +condition abs(fp-s)/s < tol. +""", +3: """error. the maximal number of iterations maxit (set to 20 +by the program) allowed for finding a smoothing spline +with fp=s has been reached. probably causes : s too small +there is an approximation returned but the corresponding +weighted sum of squared residuals does not satisfy the +condition abs(fp-s)/s < tol. +""" +} + + +def root_rati(f, p0, bracket, acc): + """Solve `f(p) = 0` using a rational function approximation. + + In a nutshell, since the function f(p) is known to be monotonically decreasing, we + - maintain the bracket (p1, f1), (p2, f2) and (p3, f3) + - at each iteration step, approximate f(p) by a rational function + r(p) = (u*p + v) / (p + w) + and make a step to p_new to the root of f(p): r(p_new) = 0. + The coefficients u, v and w are found from the bracket values p1..3 and f1...3 + + The algorithm and implementation follows + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L229 + and + https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fppara.f#L290 + + Note that the latter is for parametric splines and the former is for 1D spline + functions. The minimization is indentical though [modulo a summation over the + dimensions in the computation of f(p)], so we reuse the minimizer for both + d=1 and d>1. + """ + # Magic values from + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L27 + con1 = 0.1 + con9 = 0.9 + con4 = 0.04 + + # bracketing flags (follow FITPACK) + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fppara.f#L365 + ich1, ich3 = 0, 0 + + (p1, f1), (p3, f3) = bracket + p = p0 + + for it in range(MAXIT): + p2, f2 = p, f(p) + + # c test whether the approximation sp(x) is an acceptable solution. + if abs(f2) < acc: + ier, converged = 0, True + break + + # c carry out one more step of the iteration process. + if ich3 == 0: + if f2 - f3 <= acc: + # c our initial choice of p is too large. + p3 = p2 + f3 = f2 + p = p*con4 + if p <= p1: + p = p1*con9 + p2*con1 + continue + else: + if f2 < 0: + ich3 = 1 + + if ich1 == 0: + if f1 - f2 <= acc: + # c our initial choice of p is too small + p1 = p2 + f1 = f2 + p = p/con4 + if p3 != np.inf and p <= p3: + p = p2*con1 + p3*con9 + continue + else: + if f2 > 0: + ich1 = 1 + + # c test whether the iteration process proceeds as theoretically expected. + # [f(p) should be monotonically decreasing] + if f1 <= f2 or f2 <= f3: + ier, converged = 2, False + break + + # actually make the iteration step + p = fprati(p1, f1, p2, f2, p3, f3) + + # c adjust the value of p1,f1,p3 and f3 such that f1 > 0 and f3 < 0. + if f2 < 0: + p3, f3 = p2, f2 + else: + p1, f1 = p2, f2 + + else: + # not converged in MAXIT iterations + ier, converged = 3, False + + if ier != 0: + warnings.warn(RuntimeWarning(_iermesg[ier]), stacklevel=2) + + return Bunch(converged=converged, root=p, iterations=it, ier=ier) + +def _make_splrep_impl(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, s, t, nest, periodic, xp=np): + """Shared infra for make_splrep and make_splprep. + """ + acc = s * TOL + m = x.size # the number of data points + + if nest is None: + # the max number of knots. This is set in _fitpack_impl.py line 274 + # and fitpack.pyf line 198 + # Ref: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/596b586e25e34bd842b575bac134b4d6924c6556/scipy/interpolate/_fitpack_impl.py#L260-L263 + if periodic: + nest = max(m + 2*k, 2*k + 3) + else: + nest = max(m + k + 1, 2*k + 3) + else: + if nest < 2*(k + 1): + raise ValueError(f"`nest` too small: {nest = } < 2*(k+1) = {2*(k+1)}.") + if t is not None: + raise ValueError("Either supply `t` or `nest`.") + + if t is None: + gen = _generate_knots_impl(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, s, nest, periodic) + t = list(gen)[-1] + else: + fpcheck(x, t, k, periodic=periodic) + + if t.shape[0] == 2 * (k + 1): + # nothing to optimize + _, _, c, _, _ = _lsq_solve_qr(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=periodic) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline(t, c, k) + + ### solve ### + + # c initial value for p. + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/maintenance/1.11.x/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f#L253 + if periodic: + # N.B. - Check _lsq_solve_qr computation + # of p for periodic splines + R, A1, A2, Z, Y, _, p, _ = _lsq_solve_qr_for_root_rati_periodic(x, y, t, k, w) + else: + R, Y, _, _, _ = _lsq_solve_qr(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=periodic) + nc = t.shape[0] -k -1 + if not periodic: + p = nc / R[:, 0].sum() + + # ### bespoke solver #### + # initial conditions + # f(p=inf) : LSQ spline with knots t (XXX: reuse R, c) + # N.B. - Check _lsq_solve_qr which is called + # via _get_residuals for logic behind + # computation of fp for periodic splines + _, fp = _get_residuals(x, y, t, k, w, periodic=periodic) + fpinf = fp - s + + # f(p=0): LSQ spline without internal knots + if not periodic: + _, fp0 = _get_residuals(x, y, np.array([xb]*(k+1) + [xe]*(k+1)), k, w) + fp0 = fp0 - s + else: + # f(p=0) is fp for constant function + # in case of periodic splines + per = xe - xb + tc = np.zeros(2*(k + 1), dtype=float) + for i in range(0, k + 1): + tc[i] = x[0] - (k - i) * per + tc[i + k + 1] = x[m - 1] + i * per + _, fp0 = _get_residuals(x, y, tc, k, w, periodic=periodic) + fp0 = fp0 - s + + # solve + bracket = (0, fp0), (np.inf, fpinf) + if not periodic: + f = F(x, y, t, k=k, s=s, w=w, R=R, Y=Y) + else: + f = Fperiodic(x, y, t, k=k, s=s, w=w, R=R, Y=Y, A1=A1, A2=A2, Z=Z) + _ = root_rati(f, p, bracket, acc) + + # solve ALTERNATIVE: is roughly equivalent, gives slightly different results + # starting from scratch, that would have probably been tolerable; + # backwards compatibility dictates that we replicate the FITPACK minimizer though. + # f = F(x, y, t, k=k, s=s, w=w, R=R, Y=Y) + # from scipy.optimize import root_scalar + # res_ = root_scalar(f, x0=p, rtol=acc) + # assert res_.converged + + # f.spl is the spline corresponding to the found `p` value + t, c, k = f.spl.tck + axis, extrap = f.spl.axis, f.spl.extrapolate + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + spl = BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k, axis=axis, extrapolate=extrap) + return spl + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def make_splrep(x, y, *, w=None, xb=None, xe=None, + k=3, s=0, t=None, nest=None, bc_type=None): + r"""Create a smoothing B-spline function with bounded error, minimizing derivative jumps. + + Given the set of data points ``(x[i], y[i])``, determine a smooth spline + approximation of degree ``k`` on the interval ``xb <= x <= xe``. + + Parameters + ---------- + x, y : array_like, shape (m,) + The data points defining a curve ``y = f(x)``. + w : array_like, shape (m,), optional + Strictly positive 1D array of weights, of the same length as `x` and `y`. + The weights are used in computing the weighted least-squares spline + fit. If the errors in the y values have standard-deviation given by the + vector ``d``, then `w` should be ``1/d``. + Default is ``np.ones(m)``. + xb, xe : float, optional + The interval to fit. If None, these default to ``x[0]`` and ``x[-1]``, + respectively. + k : int, optional + The degree of the spline fit. It is recommended to use cubic splines, + ``k=3``, which is the default. Even values of `k` should be avoided, + especially with small `s` values. + s : float, optional + The smoothing condition. The amount of smoothness is determined by + satisfying the LSQ (least-squares) constraint:: + + sum((w * (g(x) - y))**2 ) <= s + + where ``g(x)`` is the smoothed fit to ``(x, y)``. The user can use `s` + to control the tradeoff between closeness to data and smoothness of fit. + Larger `s` means more smoothing while smaller values of `s` indicate less + smoothing. + Recommended values of `s` depend on the weights, `w`. If the weights + represent the inverse of the standard deviation of `y`, then a good `s` + value should be found in the range ``(m-sqrt(2*m), m+sqrt(2*m))`` where + ``m`` is the number of datapoints in `x`, `y`, and `w`. + Default is ``s = 0.0``, i.e. interpolation. + t : array_like, optional + The spline knots. If None (default), the knots will be constructed + automatically. + There must be at least ``2*k + 2`` and at most ``m + k + 1`` knots. + nest : int, optional + The target length of the knot vector. Should be between ``2*(k + 1)`` + (the minimum number of knots for a degree-``k`` spline), and + ``m + k + 1`` (the number of knots of the interpolating spline). + The actual number of knots returned by this routine may be slightly + larger than `nest`. + Default is None (no limit, add up to ``m + k + 1`` knots). + periodic : bool, optional + If True, data points are considered periodic with period ``x[m-1]`` - + ``x[0]`` and a smooth periodic spline approximation is returned. Values of + ``y[m-1]`` and ``w[m-1]`` are not used. + The default is False, corresponding to boundary condition 'not-a-knot'. + bc_type : str, optional + Boundary conditions. + Default is `"not-a-knot"`. + The following boundary conditions are recognized: + + * ``"not-a-knot"`` (default): The first and second segments are the + same polynomial. This is equivalent to having ``bc_type=None``. + * ``"periodic"``: The values and the first ``k-1`` derivatives at the + ends are equivalent. + + Returns + ------- + spl : a `BSpline` instance + For `s=0`, ``spl(x) == y``. + For non-zero values of `s` the `spl` represents the smoothed approximation + to `(x, y)`, generally with fewer knots. + + See Also + -------- + generate_knots : is used under the hood for generating the knots + make_splprep : the analog of this routine for parametric curves + make_interp_spline : construct an interpolating spline (``s = 0``) + make_lsq_spline : construct the least-squares spline given the knot vector + splrep : a FITPACK analog of this routine + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and + parametric splines, Computer Graphics and Image Processing", + 20 (1982) 171-184. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + + Notes + ----- + This routine constructs the smoothing spline function, :math:`g(x)`, to + minimize the sum of jumps, :math:`D_j`, of the ``k``-th derivative at the + internal knots (:math:`x_b < t_i < x_e`), where + + .. math:: + + D_i = g^{(k)}(t_i + 0) - g^{(k)}(t_i - 0) + + Specifically, the routine constructs the spline function :math:`g(x)` which + minimizes + + .. math:: + + \sum_i | D_i |^2 \to \mathrm{min} + + provided that + + .. math:: + + \sum_{j=1}^m (w_j \times (g(x_j) - y_j))^2 \leqslant s , + + where :math:`s > 0` is the input parameter. + + In other words, we balance maximizing the smoothness (measured as the jumps + of the derivative, the first criterion), and the deviation of :math:`g(x_j)` + from the data :math:`y_j` (the second criterion). + + Note that the summation in the second criterion is over all data points, + and in the first criterion it is over the internal spline knots (i.e. + those with ``xb < t[i] < xe``). The spline knots are in general a subset + of data, see `generate_knots` for details. + + Also note the difference of this routine to `make_lsq_spline`: the latter + routine does not consider smoothness and simply solves a least-squares + problem + + .. math:: + + \sum w_j \times (g(x_j) - y_j)^2 \to \mathrm{min} + + for a spline function :math:`g(x)` with a _fixed_ knot vector ``t``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.15.0 + """ # noqa:E501 + xp = array_namespace(x, y, w, t) + if t is not None: + t = xp.asarray(t) + bc_type = _validate_bc_type(bc_type) + + if s == 0: + if t is not None or w is not None or nest is not None: + raise ValueError("s==0 is for interpolation only") + return make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type=bc_type) + + periodic = (bc_type == 'periodic') + + x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe = _validate_inputs(x, y, w, k, s, xb, xe, + parametric=False, periodic=periodic) + + spl = _make_splrep_impl(x, y, w, xb, xe, k, s, t, nest, periodic, xp=xp) + + # postprocess: squeeze out the last dimension: was added to simplify the internals. + spl.c = spl.c[:, 0] + return spl + + +@xp_capabilities(cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=True) +def make_splprep(x, *, w=None, u=None, ub=None, ue=None, + k=3, s=0, t=None, nest=None, bc_type=None): + r""" + Create a smoothing parametric B-spline curve with bounded error, minimizing derivative jumps. + + Given a list of N 1D arrays, `x`, which represent a curve in + N-dimensional space parametrized by `u`, find a smooth approximating + spline curve ``g(u)``. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like, shape (ndim, m) + Sampled data points representing the curve in ``ndim`` dimensions. + The typical use is a list of 1D arrays, each of length ``m``. + w : array_like, shape(m,), optional + Strictly positive 1D array of weights. + The weights are used in computing the weighted least-squares spline + fit. If the errors in the `x` values have standard deviation given by + the vector d, then `w` should be 1/d. Default is ``np.ones(m)``. + u : array_like, optional + An array of parameter values for the curve in the parametric form. + If not given, these values are calculated automatically, according to:: + + v[0] = 0 + v[i] = v[i-1] + distance(x[i], x[i-1]) + u[i] = v[i] / v[-1] + + ub, ue : float, optional + The end-points of the parameters interval. Default to ``u[0]`` and ``u[-1]``. + k : int, optional + Degree of the spline. Cubic splines, ``k=3``, are recommended. + Even values of `k` should be avoided especially with a small ``s`` value. + Default is ``k=3`` + s : float, optional + A smoothing condition. The amount of smoothness is determined by + satisfying the conditions:: + + sum((w * (g(u) - x))**2) <= s, + + where ``g(u)`` is the smoothed approximation to ``x``. The user can + use `s` to control the trade-off between closeness and smoothness + of fit. Larger ``s`` means more smoothing while smaller values of ``s`` + indicate less smoothing. + Recommended values of ``s`` depend on the weights, ``w``. If the weights + represent the inverse of the standard deviation of ``x``, then a good + ``s`` value should be found in the range ``(m - sqrt(2*m), m + sqrt(2*m))``, + where ``m`` is the number of data points in ``x`` and ``w``. + t : array_like, optional + The spline knots. If None (default), the knots will be constructed + automatically. + There must be at least ``2*k + 2`` and at most ``m + k + 1`` knots. + nest : int, optional + The target length of the knot vector. Should be between ``2*(k + 1)`` + (the minimum number of knots for a degree-``k`` spline), and + ``m + k + 1`` (the number of knots of the interpolating spline). + The actual number of knots returned by this routine may be slightly + larger than `nest`. + Default is None (no limit, add up to ``m + k + 1`` knots). + bc_type : str, optional + Boundary conditions. + Default is `"not-a-knot"`. + The following boundary conditions are recognized: + + * ``"not-a-knot"`` (default): The first and second segments are the + same polynomial. This is equivalent to having ``bc_type=None``. + * ``"periodic"``: The values and the first ``k-1`` derivatives at the + ends are equivalent. + + Returns + ------- + spl : a `BSpline` instance + For `s=0`, ``spl(u) == x``. + For non-zero values of ``s``, `spl` represents the smoothed approximation + to ``x``, generally with fewer knots. + u : ndarray + The values of the parameters + + See Also + -------- + generate_knots : is used under the hood for generating the knots + make_splrep : the analog of this routine 1D functions + make_interp_spline : construct an interpolating spline (``s = 0``) + make_lsq_spline : construct the least-squares spline given the knot vector + splprep : a FITPACK analog of this routine + + Notes + ----- + Given a set of :math:`m` data points in :math:`D` dimensions, :math:`\vec{x}_j`, + with :math:`j=1, ..., m` and :math:`\vec{x}_j = (x_{j; 1}, ..., x_{j; D})`, + this routine constructs the parametric spline curve :math:`g_a(u)` with + :math:`a=1, ..., D`, to minimize the sum of jumps, :math:`D_{i; a}`, of the + ``k``-th derivative at the internal knots (:math:`u_b < t_i < u_e`), where + + .. math:: + + D_{i; a} = g_a^{(k)}(t_i + 0) - g_a^{(k)}(t_i - 0) + + Specifically, the routine constructs the spline function :math:`g(u)` which + minimizes + + .. math:: + + \sum_i \sum_{a=1}^D | D_{i; a} |^2 \to \mathrm{min} + + provided that + + .. math:: + + \sum_{j=1}^m \sum_{a=1}^D (w_j \times (g_a(u_j) - x_{j; a}))^2 \leqslant s + + where :math:`u_j` is the value of the parameter corresponding to the data point + :math:`(x_{j; 1}, ..., x_{j; D})`, and :math:`s > 0` is the input parameter. + + In other words, we balance maximizing the smoothness (measured as the jumps + of the derivative, the first criterion), and the deviation of :math:`g(u_j)` + from the data :math:`x_j` (the second criterion). + + Note that the summation in the second criterion is over all data points, + and in the first criterion it is over the internal spline knots (i.e. + those with ``ub < t[i] < ue``). The spline knots are in general a subset + of data, see `generate_knots` for details. + + .. versionadded:: 1.15.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. Dierckx, "Algorithms for smoothing data with periodic and + parametric splines, Computer Graphics and Image Processing", + 20 (1982) 171-184. + .. [2] P. Dierckx, "Curve and surface fitting with splines", Monographs on + Numerical Analysis, Oxford University Press, 1993. + """ # noqa:E501 + + bc_type = _validate_bc_type(bc_type) + + periodic = (bc_type == 'periodic') + + # x can be either a 2D array or a list of 1D arrays + if isinstance(x, list): + xp = array_namespace(*x, w, u, t) + else: + xp = array_namespace(x, w, u, t) + + x = xp.stack(x, axis=1) + + # construct the default parametrization of the curve + if u is None: + dp = (x[1:, :] - x[:-1, :])**2 + u = xp.cumulative_sum( xp.sqrt(xp.sum(dp, axis=1)) ) + u = concat_1d(xp, 0., u / u[-1]) + + if s == 0: + if t is not None or w is not None or nest is not None: + raise ValueError("s==0 is for interpolation only") + return make_interp_spline(u, x.T, k=k, axis=1), u + + u, x, w, k, s, ub, ue = _validate_inputs(u, x, w, k, s, ub, ue, + parametric=True, periodic=periodic) + + if t is not None: + t = xp.asarray(t) + + spl = _make_splrep_impl(u, x, w, ub, ue, k, s, t, + nest, periodic=periodic, xp=xp) + + # posprocess: `axis=1` so that spl(u).shape == np.shape(x) + # when `x` is a list of 1D arrays (cf original splPrep) + cc = spl.c.T + spl1 = BSpline(spl.t, cc, spl.k, axis=1) + + return spl1, xp.asarray(u) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpnd.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpnd.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa2bea4f402c206e63d08ce1b8cb635e58e60d1e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpnd.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:443fdb19d7cab1a4fa8dc36589904f8b8e1de5b43eadcbc42d988a07f34b2e6f +size 204672 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpolate.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpolate.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a138e705aa7f8e4052684649a77c9a20e03cad6f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_interpolate.py @@ -0,0 +1,2312 @@ +__all__ = ['interp1d', 'interp2d', 'lagrange', 'PPoly', 'BPoly', 'NdPPoly'] + +from math import prod +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np +from numpy import array, asarray, intp, poly1d, searchsorted + +import scipy.special as spec +from scipy._lib._util import copy_if_needed +from scipy.special import comb + +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_capabilities + +from . import _fitpack_py +from ._polyint import _Interpolator1D +from . import _ppoly +from ._interpnd import _ndim_coords_from_arrays +from ._bsplines import make_interp_spline, BSpline + + +def lagrange(x, w): + r""" + Return a Lagrange interpolating polynomial. + + Given two 1-D arrays `x` and `w,` returns the Lagrange interpolating + polynomial through the points ``(x, w)``. + + Warning: This implementation is numerically unstable. Do not expect to + be able to use more than about 20 points even if they are chosen optimally. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + `x` represents the x-coordinates of a set of datapoints. + w : array_like + `w` represents the y-coordinates of a set of datapoints, i.e., f(`x`). + + Returns + ------- + lagrange : `numpy.poly1d` instance + The Lagrange interpolating polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + The name of this function refers to the fact that the returned object represents + a Lagrange polynomial, the unique polynomial of lowest degree that interpolates + a given set of data [1]_. It computes the polynomial using Newton's divided + differences formula [2]_; that is, it works with Newton basis polynomials rather + than Lagrange basis polynomials. For numerical calculations, the barycentric form + of Lagrange interpolation (`scipy.interpolate.BarycentricInterpolator`) is + typically more appropriate. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Lagrange polynomial. *Wikipedia*. + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_polynomial + .. [2] Newton polynomial. *Wikipedia*. + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_polynomial + + Examples + -------- + Interpolate :math:`f(x) = x^3` by 3 points. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import lagrange + >>> x = np.array([0, 1, 2]) + >>> y = x**3 + >>> poly = lagrange(x, y) + + Since there are only 3 points, the Lagrange polynomial has degree 2. Explicitly, + it is given by + + .. math:: + + \begin{aligned} + L(x) &= 1\times \frac{x (x - 2)}{-1} + 8\times \frac{x (x-1)}{2} \\ + &= x (-2 + 3x) + \end{aligned} + + >>> from numpy.polynomial.polynomial import Polynomial + >>> Polynomial(poly.coef[::-1]).coef + array([ 0., -2., 3.]) + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> x_new = np.arange(0, 2.1, 0.1) + >>> plt.scatter(x, y, label='data') + >>> plt.plot(x_new, Polynomial(poly.coef[::-1])(x_new), label='Polynomial') + >>> plt.plot(x_new, 3*x_new**2 - 2*x_new + 0*x_new, + ... label=r"$3 x^2 - 2 x$", linestyle='-.') + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + M = len(x) + p = poly1d(0.0) + for j in range(M): + pt = poly1d(w[j]) + for k in range(M): + if k == j: + continue + fac = x[j]-x[k] + pt *= poly1d([1.0, -x[k]])/fac + p += pt + return p + + +# !! Need to find argument for keeping initialize. If it isn't +# !! found, get rid of it! + + +err_mesg = """\ +`interp2d` has been removed in SciPy 1.14.0. + +For legacy code, nearly bug-for-bug compatible replacements are +`RectBivariateSpline` on regular grids, and `bisplrep`/`bisplev` for +scattered 2D data. + +In new code, for regular grids use `RegularGridInterpolator` instead. +For scattered data, prefer `LinearNDInterpolator` or +`CloughTocher2DInterpolator`. + +For more details see +https://scipy.github.io/devdocs/tutorial/interpolate/interp_transition_guide.html +""" + +class interp2d: + """ + interp2d(x, y, z, kind='linear', copy=True, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=None) + + Class for 2D interpolation (deprecated and removed) + + .. versionremoved:: 1.14.0 + + `interp2d` has been removed in SciPy 1.14.0. + + For legacy code, nearly bug-for-bug compatible replacements are + `RectBivariateSpline` on regular grids, and `bisplrep`/`bisplev` for + scattered 2D data. + + In new code, for regular grids use `RegularGridInterpolator` instead. + For scattered data, prefer `LinearNDInterpolator` or + `CloughTocher2DInterpolator`. + + For more details see :ref:`interp-transition-guide`. + """ + def __init__(self, x, y, z, kind='linear', copy=True, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=None): + raise NotImplementedError(err_mesg) + + +def _check_broadcast_up_to(arr_from, shape_to, name): + """Helper to check that arr_from broadcasts up to shape_to""" + shape_from = arr_from.shape + if len(shape_to) >= len(shape_from): + for t, f in zip(shape_to[::-1], shape_from[::-1]): + if f != 1 and f != t: + break + else: # all checks pass, do the upcasting that we need later + if arr_from.size != 1 and arr_from.shape != shape_to: + arr_from = np.ones(shape_to, arr_from.dtype) * arr_from + return arr_from.ravel() + # at least one check failed + raise ValueError(f'{name} argument must be able to broadcast up ' + f'to shape {shape_to} but had shape {shape_from}') + + +def _do_extrapolate(fill_value): + """Helper to check if fill_value == "extrapolate" without warnings""" + return (isinstance(fill_value, str) and + fill_value == 'extrapolate') + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class interp1d(_Interpolator1D): + """ + Interpolate a 1-D function (legacy). + + .. legacy:: class + + For a guide to the intended replacements for `interp1d` see + :ref:`tutorial-interpolate_1Dsection`. + + `x` and `y` are arrays of values used to approximate some function f: + ``y = f(x)``. This class returns a function whose call method uses + interpolation to find the value of new points. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (npoints, ) array_like + A 1-D array of real values. + y : (..., npoints, ...) array_like + An N-D array of real values. The length of `y` along the interpolation + axis must be equal to the length of `x`. Use the ``axis`` parameter + to select correct axis. Unlike other interpolators, the default + interpolation axis is the last axis of `y`. + kind : str or int, optional + Specifies the kind of interpolation as a string or as an integer + specifying the order of the spline interpolator to use. + The string has to be one of 'linear', 'nearest', 'nearest-up', 'zero', + 'slinear', 'quadratic', 'cubic', 'previous', or 'next'. 'zero', + 'slinear', 'quadratic' and 'cubic' refer to a spline interpolation of + zeroth, first, second or third order; 'previous' and 'next' simply + return the previous or next value of the point; 'nearest-up' and + 'nearest' differ when interpolating half-integers (e.g. 0.5, 1.5) + in that 'nearest-up' rounds up and 'nearest' rounds down. Default + is 'linear'. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the ``y`` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. Unlike + other interpolators, defaults to ``axis=-1``. + copy : bool, optional + If ``True``, the class makes internal copies of x and y. If ``False``, + references to ``x`` and ``y`` are used if possible. The default is to copy. + bounds_error : bool, optional + If True, a ValueError is raised any time interpolation is attempted on + a value outside of the range of x (where extrapolation is + necessary). If False, out of bounds values are assigned `fill_value`. + By default, an error is raised unless ``fill_value="extrapolate"``. + fill_value : array-like or (array-like, array_like) or "extrapolate", optional + - if a ndarray (or float), this value will be used to fill in for + requested points outside of the data range. If not provided, then + the default is NaN. The array-like must broadcast properly to the + dimensions of the non-interpolation axes. + - If a two-element tuple, then the first element is used as a + fill value for ``x_new < x[0]`` and the second element is used for + ``x_new > x[-1]``. Anything that is not a 2-element tuple (e.g., + list or ndarray, regardless of shape) is taken to be a single + array-like argument meant to be used for both bounds as + ``below, above = fill_value, fill_value``. Using a two-element tuple + or ndarray requires ``bounds_error=False``. + + .. versionadded:: 0.17.0 + - If "extrapolate", then points outside the data range will be + extrapolated. + + .. versionadded:: 0.17.0 + assume_sorted : bool, optional + If False, values of `x` can be in any order and they are sorted first. + If True, `x` has to be an array of monotonically increasing values. + + Attributes + ---------- + fill_value + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + + See Also + -------- + splrep, splev + Spline interpolation/smoothing based on FITPACK. + UnivariateSpline : An object-oriented wrapper of the FITPACK routines. + interp2d : 2-D interpolation + + Notes + ----- + Calling `interp1d` with NaNs present in input values results in + undefined behaviour. + + Input values `x` and `y` must be convertible to `float` values like + `int` or `float`. + + If the values in `x` are not unique, the resulting behavior is + undefined and specific to the choice of `kind`, i.e., changing + `kind` will change the behavior for duplicates. + + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy import interpolate + >>> x = np.arange(0, 10) + >>> y = np.exp(-x/3.0) + >>> f = interpolate.interp1d(x, y) + + >>> xnew = np.arange(0, 9, 0.1) + >>> ynew = f(xnew) # use interpolation function returned by `interp1d` + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'o', xnew, ynew, '-') + >>> plt.show() + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, kind='linear', axis=-1, + copy=True, bounds_error=None, fill_value=np.nan, + assume_sorted=False): + """ Initialize a 1-D linear interpolation class.""" + _Interpolator1D.__init__(self, x, y, axis=axis) + + self.bounds_error = bounds_error # used by fill_value setter + + # `copy` keyword semantics changed in NumPy 2.0, once that is + # the minimum version this can use `copy=None`. + self.copy = copy + if not copy: + self.copy = copy_if_needed + + if kind in ['zero', 'slinear', 'quadratic', 'cubic']: + order = {'zero': 0, 'slinear': 1, + 'quadratic': 2, 'cubic': 3}[kind] + kind = 'spline' + elif isinstance(kind, int): + order = kind + kind = 'spline' + elif kind not in ('linear', 'nearest', 'nearest-up', 'previous', + 'next'): + raise NotImplementedError(f"{kind} is unsupported: Use fitpack " + "routines for other types.") + x = array(x, copy=self.copy) + y = array(y, copy=self.copy) + + if not assume_sorted: + ind = np.argsort(x, kind="mergesort") + x = x[ind] + y = np.take(y, ind, axis=axis) + + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("the x array must have exactly one dimension.") + if y.ndim == 0: + raise ValueError("the y array must have at least one dimension.") + + # Force-cast y to a floating-point type, if it's not yet one + if not issubclass(y.dtype.type, np.inexact): + y = y.astype(np.float64) + + # Backward compatibility + self.axis = axis % y.ndim + + # Interpolation goes internally along the first axis + self.y = y + self._y = self._reshape_yi(self.y) + self.x = x + del y, x # clean up namespace to prevent misuse; use attributes + self._kind = kind + + # Adjust to interpolation kind; store reference to *unbound* + # interpolation methods, in order to avoid circular references to self + # stored in the bound instance methods, and therefore delayed garbage + # collection. See: https://docs.python.org/reference/datamodel.html + if kind in ('linear', 'nearest', 'nearest-up', 'previous', 'next'): + # Make a "view" of the y array that is rotated to the interpolation + # axis. + minval = 1 + if kind == 'nearest': + # Do division before addition to prevent possible integer + # overflow + self._side = 'left' + self.x_bds = self.x / 2.0 + self.x_bds = self.x_bds[1:] + self.x_bds[:-1] + + self._call = self.__class__._call_nearest + elif kind == 'nearest-up': + # Do division before addition to prevent possible integer + # overflow + self._side = 'right' + self.x_bds = self.x / 2.0 + self.x_bds = self.x_bds[1:] + self.x_bds[:-1] + + self._call = self.__class__._call_nearest + elif kind == 'previous': + # Side for np.searchsorted and index for clipping + self._side = 'left' + self._ind = 0 + # Move x by one floating point value to the left + self._x_shift = np.nextafter(self.x, -np.inf) + self._call = self.__class__._call_previousnext + if _do_extrapolate(fill_value): + self._check_and_update_bounds_error_for_extrapolation() + # assume y is sorted by x ascending order here. + fill_value = (np.nan, np.take(self.y, -1, axis)) + elif kind == 'next': + self._side = 'right' + self._ind = 1 + # Move x by one floating point value to the right + self._x_shift = np.nextafter(self.x, np.inf) + self._call = self.__class__._call_previousnext + if _do_extrapolate(fill_value): + self._check_and_update_bounds_error_for_extrapolation() + # assume y is sorted by x ascending order here. + fill_value = (np.take(self.y, 0, axis), np.nan) + else: + # Check if we can delegate to numpy.interp (2x-10x faster). + np_dtypes = (np.dtype(np.float64), np.dtype(int)) + cond = self.x.dtype in np_dtypes and self.y.dtype in np_dtypes + cond = cond and self.y.ndim == 1 + cond = cond and not _do_extrapolate(fill_value) + + if cond: + self._call = self.__class__._call_linear_np + else: + self._call = self.__class__._call_linear + else: + minval = order + 1 + + rewrite_nan = False + xx, yy = self.x, self._y + if order > 1: + # Quadratic or cubic spline. If input contains even a single + # nan, then the output is all nans. We cannot just feed data + # with nans to make_interp_spline because it calls LAPACK. + # So, we make up a bogus x and y with no nans and use it + # to get the correct shape of the output, which we then fill + # with nans. + # For slinear or zero order spline, we just pass nans through. + mask = np.isnan(self.x) + if mask.any(): + sx = self.x[~mask] + if sx.size == 0: + raise ValueError("`x` array is all-nan") + xx = np.linspace(np.nanmin(self.x), + np.nanmax(self.x), + len(self.x)) + rewrite_nan = True + if np.isnan(self._y).any(): + yy = np.ones_like(self._y) + rewrite_nan = True + + self._spline = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=order, + check_finite=False) + if rewrite_nan: + self._call = self.__class__._call_nan_spline + else: + self._call = self.__class__._call_spline + + if len(self.x) < minval: + raise ValueError(f"x and y arrays must have at least {minval} entries") + + self.fill_value = fill_value # calls the setter, can modify bounds_err + + @property + def fill_value(self): + """The fill value.""" + # backwards compat: mimic a public attribute + return self._fill_value_orig + + @fill_value.setter + def fill_value(self, fill_value): + # extrapolation only works for nearest neighbor and linear methods + if _do_extrapolate(fill_value): + self._check_and_update_bounds_error_for_extrapolation() + self._extrapolate = True + else: + broadcast_shape = (self.y.shape[:self.axis] + + self.y.shape[self.axis + 1:]) + if len(broadcast_shape) == 0: + broadcast_shape = (1,) + # it's either a pair (_below_range, _above_range) or a single value + # for both above and below range + if isinstance(fill_value, tuple) and len(fill_value) == 2: + below_above = [np.asarray(fill_value[0]), + np.asarray(fill_value[1])] + names = ('fill_value (below)', 'fill_value (above)') + for ii in range(2): + below_above[ii] = _check_broadcast_up_to( + below_above[ii], broadcast_shape, names[ii]) + else: + fill_value = np.asarray(fill_value) + below_above = [_check_broadcast_up_to( + fill_value, broadcast_shape, 'fill_value')] * 2 + self._fill_value_below, self._fill_value_above = below_above + self._extrapolate = False + if self.bounds_error is None: + self.bounds_error = True + # backwards compat: fill_value was a public attr; make it writeable + self._fill_value_orig = fill_value + + def _check_and_update_bounds_error_for_extrapolation(self): + if self.bounds_error: + raise ValueError("Cannot extrapolate and raise " + "at the same time.") + self.bounds_error = False + + def _call_linear_np(self, x_new): + # Note that out-of-bounds values are taken care of in self._evaluate + return np.interp(x_new, self.x, self.y) + + def _call_linear(self, x_new): + # 2. Find where in the original data, the values to interpolate + # would be inserted. + # Note: If x_new[n] == x[m], then m is returned by searchsorted. + x_new_indices = searchsorted(self.x, x_new) + + # 3. Clip x_new_indices so that they are within the range of + # self.x indices and at least 1. Removes mis-interpolation + # of x_new[n] = x[0] + x_new_indices = x_new_indices.clip(1, len(self.x)-1).astype(int) + + # 4. Calculate the slope of regions that each x_new value falls in. + lo = x_new_indices - 1 + hi = x_new_indices + + x_lo = self.x[lo] + x_hi = self.x[hi] + y_lo = self._y[lo] + y_hi = self._y[hi] + + # Note that the following two expressions rely on the specifics of the + # broadcasting semantics. + slope = (y_hi - y_lo) / (x_hi - x_lo)[:, None] + + # 5. Calculate the actual value for each entry in x_new. + y_new = slope*(x_new - x_lo)[:, None] + y_lo + + return y_new + + def _call_nearest(self, x_new): + """ Find nearest neighbor interpolated y_new = f(x_new).""" + + # 2. Find where in the averaged data the values to interpolate + # would be inserted. + # Note: use side='left' (right) to searchsorted() to define the + # halfway point to be nearest to the left (right) neighbor + x_new_indices = searchsorted(self.x_bds, x_new, side=self._side) + + # 3. Clip x_new_indices so that they are within the range of x indices. + x_new_indices = x_new_indices.clip(0, len(self.x)-1).astype(intp) + + # 4. Calculate the actual value for each entry in x_new. + y_new = self._y[x_new_indices] + + return y_new + + def _call_previousnext(self, x_new): + """Use previous/next neighbor of x_new, y_new = f(x_new).""" + + # 1. Get index of left/right value + x_new_indices = searchsorted(self._x_shift, x_new, side=self._side) + + # 2. Clip x_new_indices so that they are within the range of x indices. + x_new_indices = x_new_indices.clip(1-self._ind, + len(self.x)-self._ind).astype(intp) + + # 3. Calculate the actual value for each entry in x_new. + y_new = self._y[x_new_indices+self._ind-1] + + return y_new + + def _call_spline(self, x_new): + return self._spline(x_new) + + def _call_nan_spline(self, x_new): + out = self._spline(x_new) + out[...] = np.nan + return out + + def _evaluate(self, x_new): + # 1. Handle values in x_new that are outside of x. Throw error, + # or return a list of mask array indicating the outofbounds values. + # The behavior is set by the bounds_error variable. + x_new = asarray(x_new) + y_new = self._call(self, x_new) + if not self._extrapolate: + below_bounds, above_bounds = self._check_bounds(x_new) + if len(y_new) > 0: + # Note fill_value must be broadcast up to the proper size + # and flattened to work here + y_new[below_bounds] = self._fill_value_below + y_new[above_bounds] = self._fill_value_above + return y_new + + def _check_bounds(self, x_new): + """Check the inputs for being in the bounds of the interpolated data. + + Parameters + ---------- + x_new : array + + Returns + ------- + out_of_bounds : bool array + The mask on x_new of values that are out of the bounds. + """ + + # If self.bounds_error is True, we raise an error if any x_new values + # fall outside the range of x. Otherwise, we return an array indicating + # which values are outside the boundary region. + below_bounds = x_new < self.x[0] + above_bounds = x_new > self.x[-1] + + if self.bounds_error and below_bounds.any(): + below_bounds_value = x_new[np.argmax(below_bounds)] + raise ValueError(f"A value ({below_bounds_value}) in x_new is below " + f"the interpolation range's minimum value ({self.x[0]}).") + if self.bounds_error and above_bounds.any(): + above_bounds_value = x_new[np.argmax(above_bounds)] + raise ValueError(f"A value ({above_bounds_value}) in x_new is above " + f"the interpolation range's maximum value ({self.x[-1]}).") + + # !! Should we emit a warning if some values are out of bounds? + # !! matlab does not. + return below_bounds, above_bounds + + +class _PPolyBase: + """Base class for piecewise polynomials.""" + __slots__ = ('_c', '_x', 'extrapolate', 'axis', '_asarray') + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, c, x, extrapolate=None, axis=0): + self._asarray = array_namespace(c, x).asarray + + self._c = np.asarray(c) + self._x = np.ascontiguousarray(x, dtype=np.float64) + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + elif extrapolate != 'periodic': + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + + if self._c.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError("Coefficients array must be at least " + "2-dimensional.") + + if not (0 <= axis < self._c.ndim - 1): + raise ValueError(f"axis={axis} must be between 0 and {self._c.ndim-1}") + + self.axis = axis + if axis != 0: + # move the interpolation axis to be the first one in self.c + # More specifically, the target shape for self.c is (k, m, ...), + # and axis !=0 means that we have c.shape (..., k, m, ...) + # ^ + # axis + # So we roll two of them. + self._c = np.moveaxis(self._c, axis+1, 0) + self._c = np.moveaxis(self._c, axis+1, 0) + + if self._x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("x must be 1-dimensional") + if self._x.size < 2: + raise ValueError("at least 2 breakpoints are needed") + if self._c.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError("c must have at least 2 dimensions") + if self._c.shape[0] == 0: + raise ValueError("polynomial must be at least of order 0") + if self._c.shape[1] != self._x.size-1: + raise ValueError("number of coefficients != len(x)-1") + dx = np.diff(self._x) + if not (np.all(dx >= 0) or np.all(dx <= 0)): + raise ValueError("`x` must be strictly increasing or decreasing.") + + dtype = self._get_dtype(self._c.dtype) + self._c = np.ascontiguousarray(self._c, dtype=dtype) + + def _get_dtype(self, dtype): + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating) \ + or np.issubdtype(self._c.dtype, np.complexfloating): + return np.complex128 + else: + return np.float64 + + @property + def x(self): + return self._asarray(self._x) + + @x.setter + def x(self, xval): + self._x = np.asarray(xval) + + @property + def c(self): + return self._asarray(self._c) + + @c.setter + def c(self, cval): + self._c = np.asarray(cval) + + @classmethod + def construct_fast(cls, c, x, extrapolate=None, axis=0): + """ + Construct the piecewise polynomial without making checks. + + Takes the same parameters as the constructor. Input arguments + ``c`` and ``x`` must be arrays of the correct shape and type. The + ``c`` array can only be of dtypes float and complex, and ``x`` + array must have dtype float. + """ + self = object.__new__(cls) + self._c = np.asarray(c) + self._x = np.asarray(x) + self.axis = axis + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + self._asarray = array_namespace(c, x).asarray + return self + + def _ensure_c_contiguous(self): + """ + c and x may be modified by the user. The Cython code expects + that they are C contiguous. + """ + if not self._x.flags.c_contiguous: + self._x = self._x.copy() + if not self._c.flags.c_contiguous: + self._c = self._c.copy() + + def extend(self, c, x): + """ + Add additional breakpoints and coefficients to the polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : ndarray, size (k, m, ...) + Additional coefficients for polynomials in intervals. Note that + the first additional interval will be formed using one of the + ``self.x`` end points. + x : ndarray, size (m,) + Additional breakpoints. Must be sorted in the same order as + ``self.x`` and either to the right or to the left of the current + breakpoints. + + Notes + ----- + This method is not thread safe and must not be executed concurrently + with other methods available in this class. Doing so may cause + unexpected errors or numerical output mismatches. + """ + + c = np.asarray(c) + x = np.asarray(x) + + if c.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError("invalid dimensions for c") + if x.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError("invalid dimensions for x") + if x.shape[0] != c.shape[1]: + raise ValueError(f"Shapes of x {x.shape} and c {c.shape} are incompatible") + if c.shape[2:] != self._c.shape[2:] or c.ndim != self._c.ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"Shapes of c {c.shape} and self._c {self._c.shape} are incompatible" + ) + + if c.size == 0: + return + + dx = np.diff(x) + if not (np.all(dx >= 0) or np.all(dx <= 0)): + raise ValueError("`x` is not sorted.") + + if self._x[-1] >= self._x[0]: + if not x[-1] >= x[0]: + raise ValueError("`x` is in the different order " + "than `self.x`.") + + if x[0] >= self._x[-1]: + action = 'append' + elif x[-1] <= self._x[0]: + action = 'prepend' + else: + raise ValueError("`x` is neither on the left or on the right " + "from `self.x`.") + else: + if not x[-1] <= x[0]: + raise ValueError("`x` is in the different order " + "than `self.x`.") + + if x[0] <= self._x[-1]: + action = 'append' + elif x[-1] >= self._x[0]: + action = 'prepend' + else: + raise ValueError("`x` is neither on the left or on the right " + "from `self.x`.") + + dtype = self._get_dtype(c.dtype) + + k2 = max(c.shape[0], self._c.shape[0]) + c2 = np.zeros((k2, self._c.shape[1] + c.shape[1]) + self._c.shape[2:], + dtype=dtype) + + if action == 'append': + c2[k2-self._c.shape[0]:, :self._c.shape[1]] = self._c + c2[k2-c.shape[0]:, self._c.shape[1]:] = c + self._x = np.r_[self._x, x] + elif action == 'prepend': + c2[k2-self._c.shape[0]:, :c.shape[1]] = c + c2[k2-c.shape[0]:, c.shape[1]:] = self._c + self._x = np.r_[x, self._x] + + self._c = c2 + + def __call__(self, x, nu=0, extrapolate=None): + """ + Evaluate the piecewise polynomial or its derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Points to evaluate the interpolant at. + nu : int, optional + Order of derivative to evaluate. Must be non-negative. + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + y : array_like + Interpolated values. Shape is determined by replacing + the interpolation axis in the original array with the shape of x. + + Notes + ----- + Derivatives are evaluated piecewise for each polynomial + segment, even if the polynomial is not differentiable at the + breakpoints. The polynomial intervals are considered half-open, + ``[a, b)``, except for the last interval which is closed + ``[a, b]``. + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + x = np.asarray(x) + x_shape, x_ndim = x.shape, x.ndim + x = np.ascontiguousarray(x.ravel(), dtype=np.float64) + + # With periodic extrapolation we map x to the segment + # [self.x[0], self.x[-1]]. + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + x = self._x[0] + (x - self._x[0]) % (self._x[-1] - self._x[0]) + extrapolate = False + + out = np.empty((len(x), prod(self._c.shape[2:])), dtype=self._c.dtype) + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + self._evaluate(x, nu, extrapolate, out) + out = out.reshape(x_shape + self._c.shape[2:]) + if self.axis != 0: + # transpose to move the calculated values to the interpolation axis + l = list(range(out.ndim)) + l = l[x_ndim:x_ndim+self.axis] + l[:x_ndim] + l[x_ndim+self.axis:] + out = out.transpose(l) + return self._asarray(out) + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class PPoly(_PPolyBase): + """Piecewise polynomial in the power basis. + + The polynomial between ``x[i]`` and ``x[i + 1]`` is written in the + local power basis:: + + S = sum(c[m, i] * (xp - x[i])**(k-m) for m in range(k+1)) + + where ``k`` is the degree of the polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : ndarray, shape (k+1, m, ...) + Polynomial coefficients, degree `k` and `m` intervals. + x : ndarray, shape (m+1,) + Polynomial breakpoints. Must be sorted in either increasing or + decreasing order. + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If 'periodic', + periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + axis : int, optional + Interpolation axis. Default is zero. + + Attributes + ---------- + x : ndarray + Breakpoints. + c : ndarray + Coefficients of the polynomials. They are reshaped + to a 3-D array with the last dimension representing + the trailing dimensions of the original coefficient array. + axis : int + Interpolation axis. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + solve + roots + extend + from_spline + from_bernstein_basis + construct_fast + + See also + -------- + BPoly : piecewise polynomials in the Bernstein basis + + Notes + ----- + High-order polynomials in the power basis can be numerically + unstable. Precision problems can start to appear for orders + larger than 20-30. + """ + + def _evaluate(self, x, nu, extrapolate, out): + _ppoly.evaluate(self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, x, nu, bool(extrapolate), out) + + def derivative(self, nu=1): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Order of derivative to evaluate. Default is 1, i.e., compute the + first derivative. If negative, the antiderivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + pp : PPoly + Piecewise polynomial of order k2 = k - n representing the derivative + of this polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + Derivatives are evaluated piecewise for each polynomial + segment, even if the polynomial is not differentiable at the + breakpoints. The polynomial intervals are considered half-open, + ``[a, b)``, except for the last interval which is closed + ``[a, b]``. + """ + if nu < 0: + return self.antiderivative(-nu) + + # reduce order + if nu == 0: + c2 = self._c.copy() + else: + c2 = self._c[:-nu, :].copy() + + if c2.shape[0] == 0: + # derivative of order 0 is zero + c2 = np.zeros((1,) + c2.shape[1:], dtype=c2.dtype) + + # multiply by the correct rising factorials + factor = spec.poch(np.arange(c2.shape[0], 0, -1), nu) + c2 *= factor[(slice(None),) + (None,)*(c2.ndim-1)] + + # construct a compatible polynomial + c2 = self._asarray(c2) + return self.construct_fast(c2, self.x, self.extrapolate, self.axis) + + def antiderivative(self, nu=1): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the antiderivative. + + Antiderivative is also the indefinite integral of the function, + and derivative is its inverse operation. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Order of antiderivative to evaluate. Default is 1, i.e., compute + the first integral. If negative, the derivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + pp : PPoly + Piecewise polynomial of order k2 = k + n representing + the antiderivative of this polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + The antiderivative returned by this function is continuous and + continuously differentiable to order n-1, up to floating point + rounding error. + + If antiderivative is computed and ``self.extrapolate='periodic'``, + it will be set to False for the returned instance. This is done because + the antiderivative is no longer periodic and its correct evaluation + outside of the initially given x interval is difficult. + """ + if nu <= 0: + return self.derivative(-nu) + + c = np.zeros((self._c.shape[0] + nu, self._c.shape[1]) + self._c.shape[2:], + dtype=self._c.dtype) + c[:-nu] = self._c + + # divide by the correct rising factorials + factor = spec.poch(np.arange(self._c.shape[0], 0, -1), nu) + c[:-nu] /= factor[(slice(None),) + (None,)*(c.ndim-1)] + + # fix continuity of added degrees of freedom + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + _ppoly.fix_continuity(c.reshape(c.shape[0], c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, nu - 1) + + if self.extrapolate == 'periodic': + extrapolate = False + else: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + # construct a compatible polynomial + c = self._asarray(c) + return self.construct_fast(c, self.x, extrapolate, self.axis) + + def integrate(self, a, b, extrapolate=None): + """ + Compute a definite integral over a piecewise polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : float + Lower integration bound + b : float + Upper integration bound + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. + If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + ig : array_like + Definite integral of the piecewise polynomial over [a, b] + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + # Swap integration bounds if needed + sign = 1 + if b < a: + a, b = b, a + sign = -1 + + range_int = np.empty((prod(self._c.shape[2:]),), dtype=self._c.dtype) + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + # Compute the integral. + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + # Split the integral into the part over period (can be several + # of them) and the remaining part. + + xs, xe = self._x[0], self._x[-1] + period = xe - xs + interval = b - a + n_periods, left = divmod(interval, period) + + if n_periods > 0: + _ppoly.integrate( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, xs, xe, False, out=range_int) + range_int *= n_periods + else: + range_int.fill(0) + + # Map a to [xs, xe], b is always a + left. + a = xs + (a - xs) % period + b = a + left + + # If b <= xe then we need to integrate over [a, b], otherwise + # over [a, xe] and from xs to what is remained. + remainder_int = np.empty_like(range_int) + if b <= xe: + _ppoly.integrate( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, a, b, False, out=remainder_int) + range_int += remainder_int + else: + _ppoly.integrate( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, a, xe, False, out=remainder_int) + range_int += remainder_int + + _ppoly.integrate( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, xs, xs + left + a - xe, False, out=remainder_int) + range_int += remainder_int + else: + _ppoly.integrate( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, a, b, bool(extrapolate), out=range_int) + + # Return + range_int *= sign + return self._asarray(range_int.reshape(self._c.shape[2:])) + + def solve(self, y=0., discontinuity=True, extrapolate=None): + """ + Find real solutions of the equation ``pp(x) == y``. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : float, optional + Right-hand side. Default is zero. + discontinuity : bool, optional + Whether to report sign changes across discontinuities at + breakpoints as roots. + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to return roots from the polynomial + extrapolated based on first and last intervals, 'periodic' works + the same as False. If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + roots : ndarray + Roots of the polynomial(s). + + If the PPoly object describes multiple polynomials, the + return value is an object array whose each element is an + ndarray containing the roots. + + Notes + ----- + This routine works only on real-valued polynomials. + + If the piecewise polynomial contains sections that are + identically zero, the root list will contain the start point + of the corresponding interval, followed by a ``nan`` value. + + If the polynomial is discontinuous across a breakpoint, and + there is a sign change across the breakpoint, this is reported + if the `discont` parameter is True. + + Examples + -------- + + Finding roots of ``[x**2 - 1, (x - 1)**2]`` defined on intervals + ``[-2, 1], [1, 2]``: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import PPoly + >>> pp = PPoly(np.array([[1, -4, 3], [1, 0, 0]]).T, [-2, 1, 2]) + >>> pp.solve() + array([-1., 1.]) + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + if np.issubdtype(self._c.dtype, np.complexfloating): + raise ValueError("Root finding is only for " + "real-valued polynomials") + + y = float(y) + r = _ppoly.real_roots(self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, y, bool(discontinuity), + bool(extrapolate)) + if self._c.ndim == 2: + return r[0] + else: + r2 = np.empty(prod(self._c.shape[2:]), dtype=object) + # this for-loop is equivalent to ``r2[...] = r``, but that's broken + # in NumPy 1.6.0 + for ii, root in enumerate(r): + r2[ii] = root + + return r2.reshape(self._c.shape[2:]) + + def roots(self, discontinuity=True, extrapolate=None): + """ + Find real roots of the piecewise polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + discontinuity : bool, optional + Whether to report sign changes across discontinuities at + breakpoints as roots. + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + If bool, determines whether to return roots from the polynomial + extrapolated based on first and last intervals, 'periodic' works + the same as False. If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + roots : ndarray + Roots of the polynomial(s). + + If the PPoly object describes multiple polynomials, the + return value is an object array whose each element is an + ndarray containing the roots. + + See Also + -------- + PPoly.solve + """ + return self.solve(0, discontinuity, extrapolate) + + @classmethod + def from_spline(cls, tck, extrapolate=None): + """ + Construct a piecewise polynomial from a spline + + Parameters + ---------- + tck + A spline, as returned by `splrep` or a BSpline object. + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + + Examples + -------- + Construct an interpolating spline and convert it to a `PPoly` instance + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splrep, PPoly + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + >>> y = np.sin(2*np.pi*x) + >>> tck = splrep(x, y, s=0) + >>> p = PPoly.from_spline(tck) + >>> isinstance(p, PPoly) + True + + Note that this function only supports 1D splines out of the box. + + If the ``tck`` object represents a parametric spline (e.g. constructed + by `splprep` or a `BSpline` with ``c.ndim > 1``), you will need to loop + over the dimensions manually. + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import splprep, splev + >>> t = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + >>> x = np.sin(2*np.pi*t) + >>> y = np.cos(2*np.pi*t) + >>> (t, c, k), u = splprep([x, y], s=0) + + Note that ``c`` is a list of two arrays of length 11. + + >>> unew = np.arange(0, 1.01, 0.01) + >>> out = splev(unew, (t, c, k)) + + To convert this spline to the power basis, we convert each + component of the list of b-spline coefficients, ``c``, into the + corresponding cubic polynomial. + + >>> polys = [PPoly.from_spline((t, cj, k)) for cj in c] + >>> polys[0].c.shape + (4, 14) + + Note that the coefficients of the polynomials `polys` are in the + power basis and their dimensions reflect just that: here 4 is the order + (degree+1), and 14 is the number of intervals---which is nothing but + the length of the knot array of the original `tck` minus one. + + Optionally, we can stack the components into a single `PPoly` along + the third dimension: + + >>> cc = np.dstack([p.c for p in polys]) # has shape = (4, 14, 2) + >>> poly = PPoly(cc, polys[0].x) + >>> np.allclose(poly(unew).T, # note the transpose to match `splev` + ... out, atol=1e-15) + True + + """ + if isinstance(tck, BSpline): + t, c, k = tck._t, tck._c, tck.k + _asarray = tck._asarray + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = tck.extrapolate + else: + t, c, k = tck + _asarray = np.asarray + + cvals = np.empty((k + 1, len(t)-1), dtype=c.dtype) + for m in range(k, -1, -1): + y = _fitpack_py.splev(t[:-1], (t, c, k), der=m) + cvals[k - m, :] = y / spec.gamma(m+1) + + return cls.construct_fast(_asarray(cvals), _asarray(t), extrapolate) + + @classmethod + def from_bernstein_basis(cls, bp, extrapolate=None): + """ + Construct a piecewise polynomial in the power basis + from a polynomial in Bernstein basis. + + Parameters + ---------- + bp : BPoly + A Bernstein basis polynomial, as created by BPoly + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + """ + if not isinstance(bp, BPoly): + raise TypeError(f".from_bernstein_basis only accepts BPoly instances. " + f"Got {type(bp)} instead.") + + dx = np.diff(bp._x) + k = bp._c.shape[0] - 1 # polynomial order + + rest = (None,)*(bp.c.ndim-2) + + c = np.zeros_like(bp._c) + for a in range(k+1): + factor = (-1)**a * comb(k, a) * bp._c[a] + for s in range(a, k+1): + val = comb(k-a, s-a) * (-1)**s + c[k-s] += factor * val / dx[(slice(None),)+rest]**s + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = bp.extrapolate + + return cls.construct_fast(bp._asarray(c), bp.x, extrapolate, bp.axis) + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class BPoly(_PPolyBase): + """Piecewise polynomial in the Bernstein basis. + + The polynomial between ``x[i]`` and ``x[i + 1]`` is written in the + Bernstein polynomial basis:: + + S = sum(c[a, i] * b(a, k; x) for a in range(k+1)), + + where ``k`` is the degree of the polynomial, and:: + + b(a, k; x) = binom(k, a) * t**a * (1 - t)**(k - a), + + with ``t = (x - x[i]) / (x[i+1] - x[i])`` and ``binom`` is the binomial + coefficient. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : ndarray, shape (k, m, ...) + Polynomial coefficients, order `k` and `m` intervals + x : ndarray, shape (m+1,) + Polynomial breakpoints. Must be sorted in either increasing or + decreasing order. + extrapolate : bool, optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If 'periodic', + periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + axis : int, optional + Interpolation axis. Default is zero. + + Attributes + ---------- + x : ndarray + Breakpoints. + c : ndarray + Coefficients of the polynomials. They are reshaped + to a 3-D array with the last dimension representing + the trailing dimensions of the original coefficient array. + axis : int + Interpolation axis. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + extend + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + construct_fast + from_power_basis + from_derivatives + + See also + -------- + PPoly : piecewise polynomials in the power basis + + Notes + ----- + Properties of Bernstein polynomials are well documented in the literature, + see for example [1]_ [2]_ [3]_. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernstein_polynomial + + .. [2] Kenneth I. Joy, Bernstein polynomials, + http://www.idav.ucdavis.edu/education/CAGDNotes/Bernstein-Polynomials.pdf + + .. [3] E. H. Doha, A. H. Bhrawy, and M. A. Saker, Boundary Value Problems, + vol 2011, article ID 829546, :doi:`10.1155/2011/829543`. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BPoly + >>> x = [0, 1] + >>> c = [[1], [2], [3]] + >>> bp = BPoly(c, x) + + This creates a 2nd order polynomial + + .. math:: + + B(x) = 1 \\times b_{0, 2}(x) + 2 \\times b_{1, 2}(x) + 3 + \\times b_{2, 2}(x) \\\\ + = 1 \\times (1-x)^2 + 2 \\times 2 x (1 - x) + 3 \\times x^2 + + """ # noqa: E501 + + def _evaluate(self, x, nu, extrapolate, out): + _ppoly.evaluate_bernstein( + self._c.reshape(self._c.shape[0], self._c.shape[1], -1), + self._x, x, nu, bool(extrapolate), out) + + def derivative(self, nu=1): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Order of derivative to evaluate. Default is 1, i.e., compute the + first derivative. If negative, the antiderivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + bp : BPoly + Piecewise polynomial of order k - nu representing the derivative of + this polynomial. + + """ + if nu < 0: + return self.antiderivative(-nu) + + if nu > 1: + bp = self + for k in range(nu): + bp = bp.derivative() + return bp + + # reduce order + if nu == 0: + c2 = self._c.copy() + else: + # For a polynomial + # B(x) = \sum_{a=0}^{k} c_a b_{a, k}(x), + # we use the fact that + # b'_{a, k} = k ( b_{a-1, k-1} - b_{a, k-1} ), + # which leads to + # B'(x) = \sum_{a=0}^{k-1} (c_{a+1} - c_a) b_{a, k-1} + # + # finally, for an interval [y, y + dy] with dy != 1, + # we need to correct for an extra power of dy + + rest = (None,)*(self._c.ndim-2) + + k = self._c.shape[0] - 1 + dx = np.diff(self._x)[(None, slice(None))+rest] + c2 = k * np.diff(self._c, axis=0) / dx + + if c2.shape[0] == 0: + # derivative of order 0 is zero + c2 = np.zeros((1,) + c2.shape[1:], dtype=c2.dtype) + + # construct a compatible polynomial + c2 = self._asarray(c2) + return self.construct_fast(c2, self.x, self.extrapolate, self.axis) + + def antiderivative(self, nu=1): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the antiderivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : int, optional + Order of antiderivative to evaluate. Default is 1, i.e., compute + the first integral. If negative, the derivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + bp : BPoly + Piecewise polynomial of order k + nu representing the + antiderivative of this polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + If antiderivative is computed and ``self.extrapolate='periodic'``, + it will be set to False for the returned instance. This is done because + the antiderivative is no longer periodic and its correct evaluation + outside of the initially given x interval is difficult. + """ + if nu <= 0: + return self.derivative(-nu) + + if nu > 1: + bp = self + for k in range(nu): + bp = bp.antiderivative() + return bp + + # Construct the indefinite integrals on individual intervals + c, x = self._c, self._x + k = c.shape[0] + c2 = np.zeros((k+1,) + c.shape[1:], dtype=c.dtype) + + c2[1:, ...] = np.cumsum(c, axis=0) / k + delta = x[1:] - x[:-1] + c2 *= delta[(None, slice(None)) + (None,)*(c.ndim-2)] + + # Now fix continuity: on the very first interval, take the integration + # constant to be zero; on an interval [x_j, x_{j+1}) with j>0, + # the integration constant is then equal to the jump of the `bp` at x_j. + # The latter is given by the coefficient of B_{n+1, n+1} + # *on the previous interval* (other B. polynomials are zero at the + # breakpoint). Finally, use the fact that BPs form a partition of unity. + c2[:,1:] += np.cumsum(c2[k, :], axis=0)[:-1] + + if self.extrapolate == 'periodic': + extrapolate = False + else: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + c2 = self._asarray(c2) + return self.construct_fast(c2, self.x, extrapolate, axis=self.axis) + + def integrate(self, a, b, extrapolate=None): + """ + Compute a definite integral over a piecewise polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : float + Lower integration bound + b : float + Upper integration bound + extrapolate : {bool, 'periodic', None}, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. If 'periodic', periodic + extrapolation is used. If None (default), use `self.extrapolate`. + + Returns + ------- + array_like + Definite integral of the piecewise polynomial over [a, b] + + """ + # XXX: can probably use instead the fact that + # \int_0^{1} B_{j, n}(x) \dx = 1/(n+1) + ib = self.antiderivative() + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + + # ib.extrapolate shouldn't be 'periodic', it is converted to + # False for 'periodic. in antiderivative() call. + if extrapolate != 'periodic': + ib.extrapolate = extrapolate + + if extrapolate == 'periodic': + # Split the integral into the part over period (can be several + # of them) and the remaining part. + + # For simplicity and clarity convert to a <= b case. + if a <= b: + sign = 1 + else: + a, b = b, a + sign = -1 + + xs, xe = self._x[0], self._x[-1] + period = xe - xs + interval = b - a + n_periods, left = divmod(interval, period) + res = n_periods * (ib(xe) - ib(xs)) + + # Map a and b to [xs, xe]. + a = xs + (a - xs) % period + b = a + left + + # If b <= xe then we need to integrate over [a, b], otherwise + # over [a, xe] and from xs to what is remained. + if b <= xe: + res += ib(b) - ib(a) + else: + res += ib(xe) - ib(a) + ib(xs + left + a - xe) - ib(xs) + + return self._asarray(sign * res) + else: + return ib(b) - ib(a) + + def extend(self, c, x): + k = max(self._c.shape[0], c.shape[0]) + self._c = self._raise_degree(self._c, k - self._c.shape[0]) + c = self._raise_degree(c, k - c.shape[0]) + return _PPolyBase.extend(self, c, x) + extend.__doc__ = _PPolyBase.extend.__doc__ + + @classmethod + def from_power_basis(cls, pp, extrapolate=None): + """ + Construct a piecewise polynomial in Bernstein basis + from a power basis polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + pp : PPoly + A piecewise polynomial in the power basis + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + """ + if not isinstance(pp, PPoly): + raise TypeError(f".from_power_basis only accepts PPoly instances. " + f"Got {type(pp)} instead.") + + dx = np.diff(pp._x) + k = pp._c.shape[0] - 1 # polynomial order + + rest = (None,)*(pp._c.ndim-2) + + c = np.zeros_like(pp._c) + for a in range(k+1): + factor = pp._c[a] / comb(k, k-a) * dx[(slice(None),) + rest]**(k-a) + for j in range(k-a, k+1): + c[j] += factor * comb(j, k-a) + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = pp.extrapolate + + return cls.construct_fast(pp._asarray(c), pp.x, extrapolate, pp.axis) + + @classmethod + def from_derivatives(cls, xi, yi, orders=None, extrapolate=None): + """Construct a piecewise polynomial in the Bernstein basis, + compatible with the specified values and derivatives at breakpoints. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like + sorted 1-D array of x-coordinates + yi : array_like or list of array_likes + ``yi[i][j]`` is the ``j``\\ th derivative known at ``xi[i]`` + orders : None or int or array_like of ints. Default: None. + Specifies the degree of local polynomials. If not None, some + derivatives are ignored. + extrapolate : bool or 'periodic', optional + If bool, determines whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points + based on first and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + If 'periodic', periodic extrapolation is used. Default is True. + + Notes + ----- + If ``k`` derivatives are specified at a breakpoint ``x``, the + constructed polynomial is exactly ``k`` times continuously + differentiable at ``x``, unless the ``order`` is provided explicitly. + In the latter case, the smoothness of the polynomial at + the breakpoint is controlled by the ``order``. + + Deduces the number of derivatives to match at each end + from ``order`` and the number of derivatives available. If + possible it uses the same number of derivatives from + each end; if the number is odd it tries to take the + extra one from y2. In any case if not enough derivatives + are available at one end or another it draws enough to + make up the total from the other end. + + If the order is too high and not enough derivatives are available, + an exception is raised. + + Examples + -------- + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BPoly + >>> BPoly.from_derivatives([0, 1], [[1, 2], [3, 4]]) + + Creates a polynomial `f(x)` of degree 3, defined on ``[0, 1]`` + such that `f(0) = 1, df/dx(0) = 2, f(1) = 3, df/dx(1) = 4` + + >>> BPoly.from_derivatives([0, 1, 2], [[0, 1], [0], [2]]) + + Creates a piecewise polynomial `f(x)`, such that + `f(0) = f(1) = 0`, `f(2) = 2`, and `df/dx(0) = 1`. + Based on the number of derivatives provided, the order of the + local polynomials is 2 on ``[0, 1]`` and 1 on ``[1, 2]``. + Notice that no restriction is imposed on the derivatives at + ``x = 1`` and ``x = 2``. + + Indeed, the explicit form of the polynomial is:: + + f(x) = | x * (1 - x), 0 <= x < 1 + | 2 * (x - 1), 1 <= x <= 2 + + So that f'(1-0) = -1 and f'(1+0) = 2 + + """ + xi = np.asarray(xi) + if len(xi) != len(yi): + raise ValueError("xi and yi need to have the same length") + if np.any(xi[1:] - xi[:1] <= 0): + raise ValueError("x coordinates are not in increasing order") + + # number of intervals + m = len(xi) - 1 + + # global poly order is k-1, local orders are <=k and can vary + try: + k = max(len(yi[i]) + len(yi[i+1]) for i in range(m)) + except TypeError as e: + raise ValueError( + "Using a 1-D array for y? Please .reshape(-1, 1)." + ) from e + + if orders is None: + orders = [None] * m + else: + if isinstance(orders, int | np.integer): + orders = [orders] * m + k = max(k, max(orders)) + + if any(o <= 0 for o in orders): + raise ValueError("Orders must be positive.") + + c = [] + for i in range(m): + y1, y2 = yi[i], yi[i+1] + if orders[i] is None: + n1, n2 = len(y1), len(y2) + else: + n = orders[i]+1 + n1 = min(n//2, len(y1)) + n2 = min(n - n1, len(y2)) + n1 = min(n - n2, len(y2)) + if n1 + n2 != n: + mesg = ( + f"Point {xi[i]} has {len(y1)} derivatives, point {xi[i+1]} has " + f"{len(y2)} derivatives, but order {orders[i]} requested" + ) + raise ValueError(mesg) + + if not (n1 <= len(y1) and n2 <= len(y2)): + raise ValueError("`order` input incompatible with" + " length y1 or y2.") + + b = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(xi[i], xi[i+1], + y1[:n1], y2[:n2]) + if len(b) < k: + b = BPoly._raise_degree(b, k - len(b)) + c.append(b) + + c = np.asarray(c) + return cls(c.swapaxes(0, 1), xi, extrapolate) + + @staticmethod + def _construct_from_derivatives(xa, xb, ya, yb): + r"""Compute the coefficients of a polynomial in the Bernstein basis + given the values and derivatives at the edges. + + Return the coefficients of a polynomial in the Bernstein basis + defined on ``[xa, xb]`` and having the values and derivatives at the + endpoints `xa` and `xb` as specified by `ya` and `yb`. + The polynomial constructed is of the minimal possible degree, i.e., + if the lengths of `ya` and `yb` are `na` and `nb`, the degree + of the polynomial is ``na + nb - 1``. + + Parameters + ---------- + xa : float + Left-hand end point of the interval + xb : float + Right-hand end point of the interval + ya : array_like + Derivatives at `xa`. ``ya[0]`` is the value of the function, and + ``ya[i]`` for ``i > 0`` is the value of the ``i``\ th derivative. + yb : array_like + Derivatives at `xb`. + + Returns + ------- + array + coefficient array of a polynomial having specified derivatives + + Notes + ----- + This uses several facts from life of Bernstein basis functions. + First of all, + + .. math:: b'_{a, n} = n (b_{a-1, n-1} - b_{a, n-1}) + + If B(x) is a linear combination of the form + + .. math:: B(x) = \sum_{a=0}^{n} c_a b_{a, n}, + + then :math: B'(x) = n \sum_{a=0}^{n-1} (c_{a+1} - c_{a}) b_{a, n-1}. + Iterating the latter one, one finds for the q-th derivative + + .. math:: B^{q}(x) = n!/(n-q)! \sum_{a=0}^{n-q} Q_a b_{a, n-q}, + + with + + .. math:: Q_a = \sum_{j=0}^{q} (-)^{j+q} comb(q, j) c_{j+a} + + This way, only `a=0` contributes to :math: `B^{q}(x = xa)`, and + `c_q` are found one by one by iterating `q = 0, ..., na`. + + At ``x = xb`` it's the same with ``a = n - q``. + + """ + ya, yb = np.asarray(ya), np.asarray(yb) + if ya.shape[1:] != yb.shape[1:]: + raise ValueError( + f"Shapes of ya {ya.shape} and yb {yb.shape} are incompatible" + ) + + dta, dtb = ya.dtype, yb.dtype + if (np.issubdtype(dta, np.complexfloating) or + np.issubdtype(dtb, np.complexfloating)): + dt = np.complex128 + else: + dt = np.float64 + + na, nb = len(ya), len(yb) + n = na + nb + + c = np.empty((na+nb,) + ya.shape[1:], dtype=dt) + + # compute coefficients of a polynomial degree na+nb-1 + # walk left-to-right + for q in range(0, na): + c[q] = ya[q] / spec.poch(n - q, q) * (xb - xa)**q + for j in range(0, q): + c[q] -= (-1)**(j+q) * comb(q, j) * c[j] + + # now walk right-to-left + for q in range(0, nb): + c[-q-1] = yb[q] / spec.poch(n - q, q) * (-1)**q * (xb - xa)**q + for j in range(0, q): + c[-q-1] -= (-1)**(j+1) * comb(q, j+1) * c[-q+j] + + return c + + @staticmethod + def _raise_degree(c, d): + r"""Raise a degree of a polynomial in the Bernstein basis. + + Given the coefficients of a polynomial degree `k`, return (the + coefficients of) the equivalent polynomial of degree `k+d`. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : array_like + coefficient array, 1-D + d : integer + + Returns + ------- + array + coefficient array, 1-D array of length `c.shape[0] + d` + + Notes + ----- + This uses the fact that a Bernstein polynomial `b_{a, k}` can be + identically represented as a linear combination of polynomials of + a higher degree `k+d`: + + .. math:: b_{a, k} = comb(k, a) \sum_{j=0}^{d} b_{a+j, k+d} \ + comb(d, j) / comb(k+d, a+j) + + """ + if d == 0: + return c + + k = c.shape[0] - 1 + out = np.zeros((c.shape[0] + d,) + c.shape[1:], dtype=c.dtype) + + for a in range(c.shape[0]): + f = c[a] * comb(k, a) + for j in range(d+1): + out[a+j] += f * comb(d, j) / comb(k+d, a+j) + return out + + +class NdPPoly: + """ + Piecewise tensor product polynomial + + The value at point ``xp = (x', y', z', ...)`` is evaluated by first + computing the interval indices `i` such that:: + + x[0][i[0]] <= x' < x[0][i[0]+1] + x[1][i[1]] <= y' < x[1][i[1]+1] + ... + + and then computing:: + + S = sum(c[k0-m0-1,...,kn-mn-1,i[0],...,i[n]] + * (xp[0] - x[0][i[0]])**m0 + * ... + * (xp[n] - x[n][i[n]])**mn + for m0 in range(k[0]+1) + ... + for mn in range(k[n]+1)) + + where ``k[j]`` is the degree of the polynomial in dimension j. This + representation is the piecewise multivariate power basis. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : ndarray, shape (k0, ..., kn, m0, ..., mn, ...) + Polynomial coefficients, with polynomial order `kj` and + `mj+1` intervals for each dimension `j`. + x : ndim-tuple of ndarrays, shapes (mj+1,) + Polynomial breakpoints for each dimension. These must be + sorted in increasing order. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. Default: True. + + Attributes + ---------- + x : tuple of ndarrays + Breakpoints. + c : ndarray + Coefficients of the polynomials. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + antiderivative + integrate + integrate_1d + construct_fast + + See also + -------- + PPoly : piecewise polynomials in 1D + + Notes + ----- + High-order polynomials in the power basis can be numerically + unstable. + + """ + + def __init__(self, c, x, extrapolate=None): + self.x = tuple(np.ascontiguousarray(v, dtype=np.float64) for v in x) + self.c = np.asarray(c) + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + self.extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + ndim = len(self.x) + if any(v.ndim != 1 for v in self.x): + raise ValueError("x arrays must all be 1-dimensional") + if any(v.size < 2 for v in self.x): + raise ValueError("x arrays must all contain at least 2 points") + if c.ndim < 2*ndim: + raise ValueError("c must have at least 2*len(x) dimensions") + if any(np.any(v[1:] - v[:-1] < 0) for v in self.x): + raise ValueError("x-coordinates are not in increasing order") + if any(a != b.size - 1 for a, b in zip(c.shape[ndim:2*ndim], self.x)): + raise ValueError("x and c do not agree on the number of intervals") + + dtype = self._get_dtype(self.c.dtype) + self.c = np.ascontiguousarray(self.c, dtype=dtype) + + @classmethod + def construct_fast(cls, c, x, extrapolate=None): + """ + Construct the piecewise polynomial without making checks. + + Takes the same parameters as the constructor. Input arguments + ``c`` and ``x`` must be arrays of the correct shape and type. The + ``c`` array can only be of dtypes float and complex, and ``x`` + array must have dtype float. + + """ + self = object.__new__(cls) + self.c = c + self.x = x + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + return self + + def _get_dtype(self, dtype): + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating) \ + or np.issubdtype(self.c.dtype, np.complexfloating): + return np.complex128 + else: + return np.float64 + + def _ensure_c_contiguous(self): + if not self.c.flags.c_contiguous: + self.c = self.c.copy() + if not isinstance(self.x, tuple): + self.x = tuple(self.x) + + def __call__(self, x, nu=None, extrapolate=None): + """ + Evaluate the piecewise polynomial or its derivative + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array-like + Points to evaluate the interpolant at. + nu : tuple, optional + Orders of derivatives to evaluate. Each must be non-negative. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + y : array-like + Interpolated values. Shape is determined by replacing + the interpolation axis in the original array with the shape of x. + + Notes + ----- + Derivatives are evaluated piecewise for each polynomial + segment, even if the polynomial is not differentiable at the + breakpoints. The polynomial intervals are considered half-open, + ``[a, b)``, except for the last interval which is closed + ``[a, b]``. + + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + else: + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + ndim = len(self.x) + + x = _ndim_coords_from_arrays(x) + x_shape = x.shape + x = np.ascontiguousarray(x.reshape(-1, x.shape[-1]), dtype=np.float64) + + if nu is None: + nu = np.zeros((ndim,), dtype=np.intc) + else: + nu = np.asarray(nu, dtype=np.intc) + if nu.ndim != 1 or nu.shape[0] != ndim: + raise ValueError("invalid number of derivative orders nu") + + dim1 = prod(self.c.shape[:ndim]) + dim2 = prod(self.c.shape[ndim:2*ndim]) + dim3 = prod(self.c.shape[2*ndim:]) + ks = np.array(self.c.shape[:ndim], dtype=np.intc) + + out = np.empty((x.shape[0], dim3), dtype=self.c.dtype) + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + _ppoly.evaluate_nd(self.c.reshape(dim1, dim2, dim3), + self.x, + ks, + x, + nu, + bool(extrapolate), + out) + + return out.reshape(x_shape[:-1] + self.c.shape[2*ndim:]) + + def _derivative_inplace(self, nu, axis): + """ + Compute 1-D derivative along a selected dimension in-place + May result to non-contiguous c array. + """ + if nu < 0: + return self._antiderivative_inplace(-nu, axis) + + ndim = len(self.x) + axis = axis % ndim + + # reduce order + if nu == 0: + # noop + return + else: + sl = [slice(None)]*ndim + sl[axis] = slice(None, -nu, None) + c2 = self.c[tuple(sl)] + + if c2.shape[axis] == 0: + # derivative of order 0 is zero + shp = list(c2.shape) + shp[axis] = 1 + c2 = np.zeros(shp, dtype=c2.dtype) + + # multiply by the correct rising factorials + factor = spec.poch(np.arange(c2.shape[axis], 0, -1), nu) + sl = [None]*c2.ndim + sl[axis] = slice(None) + c2 *= factor[tuple(sl)] + + self.c = c2 + + def _antiderivative_inplace(self, nu, axis): + """ + Compute 1-D antiderivative along a selected dimension + May result to non-contiguous c array. + """ + if nu <= 0: + return self._derivative_inplace(-nu, axis) + + ndim = len(self.x) + axis = axis % ndim + + perm = list(range(ndim)) + perm[0], perm[axis] = perm[axis], perm[0] + perm = perm + list(range(ndim, self.c.ndim)) + + c = self.c.transpose(perm) + + c2 = np.zeros((c.shape[0] + nu,) + c.shape[1:], + dtype=c.dtype) + c2[:-nu] = c + + # divide by the correct rising factorials + factor = spec.poch(np.arange(c.shape[0], 0, -1), nu) + c2[:-nu] /= factor[(slice(None),) + (None,)*(c.ndim-1)] + + # fix continuity of added degrees of freedom + perm2 = list(range(c2.ndim)) + perm2[1], perm2[ndim+axis] = perm2[ndim+axis], perm2[1] + + c2 = c2.transpose(perm2) + c2 = c2.copy() + _ppoly.fix_continuity(c2.reshape(c2.shape[0], c2.shape[1], -1), + self.x[axis], nu-1) + + c2 = c2.transpose(perm2) + c2 = c2.transpose(perm) + + # Done + self.c = c2 + + def derivative(self, nu): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : ndim-tuple of int + Order of derivatives to evaluate for each dimension. + If negative, the antiderivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + pp : NdPPoly + Piecewise polynomial of orders (k[0] - nu[0], ..., k[n] - nu[n]) + representing the derivative of this polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + Derivatives are evaluated piecewise for each polynomial + segment, even if the polynomial is not differentiable at the + breakpoints. The polynomial intervals in each dimension are + considered half-open, ``[a, b)``, except for the last interval + which is closed ``[a, b]``. + + """ + p = self.construct_fast(self.c.copy(), self.x, self.extrapolate) + + for axis, n in enumerate(nu): + p._derivative_inplace(n, axis) + + p._ensure_c_contiguous() + return p + + def antiderivative(self, nu): + """ + Construct a new piecewise polynomial representing the antiderivative. + + Antiderivative is also the indefinite integral of the function, + and derivative is its inverse operation. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : ndim-tuple of int + Order of derivatives to evaluate for each dimension. + If negative, the derivative is returned. + + Returns + ------- + pp : PPoly + Piecewise polynomial of order k2 = k + n representing + the antiderivative of this polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + The antiderivative returned by this function is continuous and + continuously differentiable to order n-1, up to floating point + rounding error. + + """ + p = self.construct_fast(self.c.copy(), self.x, self.extrapolate) + + for axis, n in enumerate(nu): + p._antiderivative_inplace(n, axis) + + p._ensure_c_contiguous() + return p + + def integrate_1d(self, a, b, axis, extrapolate=None): + r""" + Compute NdPPoly representation for one dimensional definite integral + + The result is a piecewise polynomial representing the integral: + + .. math:: + + p(y, z, ...) = \int_a^b dx\, p(x, y, z, ...) + + where the dimension integrated over is specified with the + `axis` parameter. + + Parameters + ---------- + a, b : float + Lower and upper bound for integration. + axis : int + Dimension over which to compute the 1-D integrals + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + ig : NdPPoly or array-like + Definite integral of the piecewise polynomial over [a, b]. + If the polynomial was 1D, an array is returned, + otherwise, an NdPPoly object. + + """ + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + else: + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + ndim = len(self.x) + axis = int(axis) % ndim + + # reuse 1-D integration routines + c = self.c + swap = list(range(c.ndim)) + swap.insert(0, swap[axis]) + del swap[axis + 1] + swap.insert(1, swap[ndim + axis]) + del swap[ndim + axis + 1] + + c = c.transpose(swap) + p = PPoly.construct_fast(c.reshape(c.shape[0], c.shape[1], -1), + self.x[axis], + extrapolate=extrapolate) + out = p.integrate(a, b, extrapolate=extrapolate) + + # Construct result + if ndim == 1: + return out.reshape(c.shape[2:]) + else: + c = out.reshape(c.shape[2:]) + x = self.x[:axis] + self.x[axis+1:] + return self.construct_fast(c, x, extrapolate=extrapolate) + + def integrate(self, ranges, extrapolate=None): + """ + Compute a definite integral over a piecewise polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + ranges : ndim-tuple of 2-tuples float + Sequence of lower and upper bounds for each dimension, + ``[(a[0], b[0]), ..., (a[ndim-1], b[ndim-1])]`` + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate to out-of-bounds points based on first + and last intervals, or to return NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + ig : array_like + Definite integral of the piecewise polynomial over + [a[0], b[0]] x ... x [a[ndim-1], b[ndim-1]] + + """ + + ndim = len(self.x) + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + else: + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + if not hasattr(ranges, '__len__') or len(ranges) != ndim: + raise ValueError("Range not a sequence of correct length") + + self._ensure_c_contiguous() + + # Reuse 1D integration routine + c = self.c + for n, (a, b) in enumerate(ranges): + swap = list(range(c.ndim)) + swap.insert(1, swap[ndim - n]) + del swap[ndim - n + 1] + + c = c.transpose(swap) + + p = PPoly.construct_fast(c, self.x[n], extrapolate=extrapolate) + out = p.integrate(a, b, extrapolate=extrapolate) + c = out.reshape(c.shape[2:]) + + return c diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndbspline.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndbspline.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..408bdede1ba2f628752b69bd6409df5c60577202 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndbspline.py @@ -0,0 +1,518 @@ +import itertools +import functools +import operator +import numpy as np + +from math import prod +from types import GenericAlias + +from . import _dierckx # type: ignore[attr-defined] + +import scipy.sparse.linalg as ssl +from scipy.sparse import csr_array +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_capabilities + +from ._bsplines import _not_a_knot, BSpline + +__all__ = ["NdBSpline"] + + +def _get_dtype(dtype): + """Return np.complex128 for complex dtypes, np.float64 otherwise.""" + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + return np.complex128 + else: + return np.float64 + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class NdBSpline: + """Tensor product spline object. + + The value at point ``xp = (x1, x2, ..., xN)`` is evaluated as a linear + combination of products of one-dimensional b-splines in each of the ``N`` + dimensions:: + + c[i1, i2, ..., iN] * B(x1; i1, t1) * B(x2; i2, t2) * ... * B(xN; iN, tN) + + + Here ``B(x; i, t)`` is the ``i``-th b-spline defined by the knot vector + ``t`` evaluated at ``x``. + + Parameters + ---------- + t : tuple of 1D ndarrays + knot vectors in directions 1, 2, ... N, + ``len(t[i]) == n[i] + k + 1`` + c : ndarray, shape (n1, n2, ..., nN, ...) + b-spline coefficients + k : int or length-d tuple of integers + spline degrees. + A single integer is interpreted as having this degree for + all dimensions. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate out-of-bounds inputs, or return `nan`. + Default is to extrapolate. + + Attributes + ---------- + t : tuple of ndarrays + Knots vectors. + c : ndarray + Coefficients of the tensor-product spline. + k : tuple of integers + Degrees for each dimension. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate or return nans for out-of-bounds inputs. + Defaults to true. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + derivative + design_matrix + + See Also + -------- + BSpline : a one-dimensional B-spline object + NdPPoly : an N-dimensional piecewise tensor product polynomial + + """ + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, t, c, k, *, extrapolate=None): + self._k, self._indices_k1d, (self._t, self._len_t) = _preprocess_inputs(k, t) + + self._asarray = array_namespace(c, *t).asarray + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = True + self.extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + self._c = np.asarray(c) + + ndim = self._t.shape[0] # == len(self.t) + if self._c.ndim < ndim: + raise ValueError(f"Coefficients must be at least {ndim}-dimensional.") + + for d in range(ndim): + td = self.t[d] + kd = self.k[d] + n = td.shape[0] - kd - 1 + + if self._c.shape[d] != n: + raise ValueError(f"Knots, coefficients and degree in dimension" + f" {d} are inconsistent:" + f" got {self._c.shape[d]} coefficients for" + f" {len(td)} knots, need at least {n} for" + f" k={k}.") + + dt = _get_dtype(self._c.dtype) + self._c = np.ascontiguousarray(self._c, dtype=dt) + + @property + def k(self): + return tuple(self._k) + + @property + def t(self): + # repack the knots into a tuple + return tuple( + self._asarray(self._t[d, :self._len_t[d]]) for d in range(self._t.shape[0]) + ) + + @property + def c(self): + return self._asarray(self._c) + + def __call__(self, xi, *, nu=None, extrapolate=None): + """Evaluate the tensor product b-spline at ``xi``. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like, shape(..., ndim) + The coordinates to evaluate the interpolator at. + This can be a list or tuple of ndim-dimensional points + or an array with the shape (num_points, ndim). + nu : sequence of length ``ndim``, optional + Orders of derivatives to evaluate. Each must be non-negative. + Defaults to the zeroth derivivative. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to exrapolate based on first and last intervals in each + dimension, or return `nan`. Default is to ``self.extrapolate``. + + Returns + ------- + values : ndarray, shape ``xi.shape[:-1] + self.c.shape[ndim:]`` + Interpolated values at ``xi`` + """ + ndim = self._t.shape[0] # == len(self.t) + + if extrapolate is None: + extrapolate = self.extrapolate + extrapolate = bool(extrapolate) + + if nu is None: + nu = np.zeros((ndim,), dtype=np.int64) + else: + nu = np.asarray(nu, dtype=np.int64) + if nu.ndim != 1 or nu.shape[0] != ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"invalid number of derivative orders {nu = } for " + f"ndim = {len(self.t)}.") + if any(nu < 0): + raise ValueError(f"derivatives must be positive, got {nu = }") + + # prepare xi : shape (..., m1, ..., md) -> (1, m1, ..., md) + xi = np.asarray(xi, dtype=float) + xi_shape = xi.shape + xi = xi.reshape(-1, xi_shape[-1]) + xi = np.ascontiguousarray(xi) + + if xi_shape[-1] != ndim: + raise ValueError(f"Shapes: xi.shape={xi_shape} and ndim={ndim}") + + # complex -> double + was_complex = self._c.dtype.kind == 'c' + cc = self._c + if was_complex and self._c.ndim == ndim: + # make sure that core dimensions are intact, and complex->float + # size doubling only adds a trailing dimension + cc = self._c[..., None] + cc = cc.view(float) + + # prepare the coefficients: flatten the trailing dimensions + c1 = cc.reshape(cc.shape[:ndim] + (-1,)) + c1r = c1.ravel() + + # replacement for np.ravel_multi_index for indexing of `c1`: + _strides_c1 = np.asarray([s // c1.dtype.itemsize + for s in c1.strides], dtype=np.int64) + + num_c_tr = c1.shape[-1] # # of trailing coefficients + out = _dierckx.evaluate_ndbspline(xi, + self._t, + self._len_t, + self._k, + nu, + extrapolate, + c1r, + num_c_tr, + _strides_c1, + self._indices_k1d, + ) + out = out.view(self._c.dtype) + out = out.reshape(xi_shape[:-1] + self._c.shape[ndim:]) + return self._asarray(out) + + @classmethod + def design_matrix(cls, xvals, t, k, extrapolate=True): + """Construct the design matrix as a CSR format sparse array. + + Parameters + ---------- + xvals : ndarray, shape(npts, ndim) + Data points. ``xvals[j, :]`` gives the ``j``-th data point as an + ``ndim``-dimensional array. + t : tuple of 1D ndarrays, length-ndim + Knot vectors in directions 1, 2, ... ndim, + k : int + B-spline degree. + extrapolate : bool, optional + Whether to extrapolate out-of-bounds values of raise a `ValueError` + + Returns + ------- + design_matrix : a CSR array + Each row of the design matrix corresponds to a value in `xvals` and + contains values of b-spline basis elements which are non-zero + at this value. + + """ + xvals = np.asarray(xvals, dtype=float) + ndim = xvals.shape[-1] + if len(t) != ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"Data and knots are inconsistent: len(t) = {len(t)} for " + f" {ndim = }." + ) + + # tabulate the flat indices for iterating over the (k+1)**ndim subarray + k, _indices_k1d, (_t, len_t) = _preprocess_inputs(k, t) + + # Precompute the shape and strides of the 'coefficients array'. + # This would have been the NdBSpline coefficients; in the present context + # this is a helper to compute the indices into the colocation matrix. + c_shape = tuple(len_t[d] - k[d] - 1 for d in range(ndim)) + + # The strides of the coeffs array: the computation is equivalent to + # >>> cstrides = [s // 8 for s in np.empty(c_shape).strides] + cs = c_shape[1:] + (1,) + cstrides = np.cumprod(cs[::-1], dtype=np.int64)[::-1].copy() + + # heavy lifting happens here + data, indices, indptr = _dierckx._coloc_nd(xvals, + _t, len_t, k, _indices_k1d, cstrides) + + return csr_array((data, indices, indptr)) + + def _bspline_derivative_along_axis(self, c, t, k, axis, nu=1): + # Move the selected axis to front + c = np.moveaxis(c, axis, 0) + n = c.shape[0] + trailing_shape = c.shape[1:] + c_flat = c.reshape(n, -1) + + new_c_list = [] + new_t = None + + for i in range(c_flat.shape[1]): + if k >= nu: + b = BSpline.construct_fast(t, c_flat[:, i], k) + db = b.derivative(nu) + # truncate coefficients to match new knot/degree size + db.c = db.c[:len(db.t) - db.k - 1] + else: + db = BSpline.construct_fast(t, np.zeros(len(t) - 1), 0) + + if new_t is None: + new_t = db.t + + new_c_list.append(db.c) + + new_c = np.stack(new_c_list, axis=1).reshape( + (len(new_c_list[0]),) + trailing_shape) + new_c = np.moveaxis(new_c, 0, axis) + + return new_c, new_t + + def derivative(self, nu): + """ + Construct a new NdBSpline representing the partial derivative. + + Parameters + ---------- + nu : array_like of shape (ndim,) + Orders of the partial derivatives to compute along each dimension. + + Returns + ------- + NdBSpline + A new NdBSpline representing the partial derivative of the original spline. + + """ + nu_arr = np.asarray(nu, dtype=np.int64) + ndim = len(self.t) + + if nu_arr.ndim != 1 or nu_arr.shape[0] != ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"invalid number of derivative orders {nu = } for " + f"ndim = {len(self.t)}.") + + if any(nu_arr < 0): + raise ValueError(f"derivative orders must be positive, got {nu = }") + + # extract t and c as numpy arrays + t_new = [self._t[d, :self._len_t[d]] for d in range(self._t.shape[0])] + k_new = list(self.k) + c_new = self._c.copy() + + for axis, n in enumerate(nu_arr): + if n == 0: + continue + + c_new, t_new[axis] = self._bspline_derivative_along_axis( + c_new, t_new[axis], k_new[axis], axis, nu=n + ) + k_new[axis] = max(k_new[axis] - n, 0) + + return NdBSpline(tuple(self._asarray(t) for t in t_new), + self._asarray(c_new), + tuple(k_new), + extrapolate=self.extrapolate + ) + +def _preprocess_inputs(k, t_tpl): + """Helpers: validate and preprocess NdBSpline inputs. + + Parameters + ---------- + k : int or tuple + Spline orders + t_tpl : tuple or array-likes + Knots. + """ + # 1. Make sure t_tpl is a tuple + if not isinstance(t_tpl, tuple): + raise ValueError(f"Expect `t` to be a tuple of array-likes. " + f"Got {t_tpl} instead." + ) + + # 2. Make ``k`` a tuple of integers + ndim = len(t_tpl) + try: + len(k) + except TypeError: + # make k a tuple + k = (k,)*ndim + + k = np.asarray([operator.index(ki) for ki in k], dtype=np.int64) + + if len(k) != ndim: + raise ValueError(f"len(t) = {len(t_tpl)} != {len(k) = }.") + + # 3. Validate inputs + ndim = len(t_tpl) + for d in range(ndim): + td = np.asarray(t_tpl[d]) + kd = k[d] + n = td.shape[0] - kd - 1 + if kd < 0: + raise ValueError(f"Spline degree in dimension {d} cannot be" + f" negative.") + if td.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError(f"Knot vector in dimension {d} must be" + f" one-dimensional.") + if n < kd + 1: + raise ValueError(f"Need at least {2*kd + 2} knots for degree" + f" {kd} in dimension {d}.") + if (np.diff(td) < 0).any(): + raise ValueError(f"Knots in dimension {d} must be in a" + f" non-decreasing order.") + if len(np.unique(td[kd:n + 1])) < 2: + raise ValueError(f"Need at least two internal knots in" + f" dimension {d}.") + if not np.isfinite(td).all(): + raise ValueError(f"Knots in dimension {d} should not have" + f" nans or infs.") + + # 4. tabulate the flat indices for iterating over the (k+1)**ndim subarray + # non-zero b-spline elements + shape = tuple(kd + 1 for kd in k) + indices = np.unravel_index(np.arange(prod(shape)), shape) + _indices_k1d = np.asarray(indices, dtype=np.int64).T.copy() + + # 5. pack the knots into a single array: + # ([1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6], (7, 8, 9)) --> + # array([[1, 2, 3, 4], + # [5, 6, nan, nan], + # [7, 8, 9, nan]]) + t_tpl = [np.asarray(t) for t in t_tpl] + ndim = len(t_tpl) + len_t = [len(ti) for ti in t_tpl] + _t = np.empty((ndim, max(len_t)), dtype=float) + _t.fill(np.nan) + for d in range(ndim): + _t[d, :len(t_tpl[d])] = t_tpl[d] + len_t = np.asarray(len_t, dtype=np.int64) + + return k, _indices_k1d, (_t, len_t) + + +def _iter_solve(a, b, solver=ssl.gcrotmk, **solver_args): + # work around iterative solvers not accepting multiple r.h.s. + + # also work around a.dtype == float64 and b.dtype == complex128 + # cf https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/19644 + if np.issubdtype(b.dtype, np.complexfloating): + real = _iter_solve(a, b.real, solver, **solver_args) + imag = _iter_solve(a, b.imag, solver, **solver_args) + return real + 1j*imag + + if b.ndim == 2 and b.shape[1] !=1: + res = np.empty_like(b) + for j in range(b.shape[1]): + res[:, j], info = solver(a, b[:, j], **solver_args) + if info != 0: + raise ValueError(f"{solver = } returns {info =} for column {j}.") + return res + else: + res, info = solver(a, b, **solver_args) + if info != 0: + raise ValueError(f"{solver = } returns {info = }.") + return res + + +def make_ndbspl(points, values, k=3, *, solver=ssl.gcrotmk, **solver_args): + """Construct an interpolating NdBspline. + + Parameters + ---------- + points : tuple of ndarrays of float, with shapes (m1,), ... (mN,) + The points defining the regular grid in N dimensions. The points in + each dimension (i.e. every element of the `points` tuple) must be + strictly ascending or descending. + values : ndarray of float, shape (m1, ..., mN, ...) + The data on the regular grid in n dimensions. + k : int, optional + The spline degree. Must be odd. Default is cubic, k=3 + solver : a `scipy.sparse.linalg` solver (iterative or direct), optional. + An iterative solver from `scipy.sparse.linalg` or a direct one, + `sparse.sparse.linalg.spsolve`. + Used to solve the sparse linear system + ``design_matrix @ coefficients = rhs`` for the coefficients. + Default is `scipy.sparse.linalg.gcrotmk` + solver_args : dict, optional + Additional arguments for the solver. The call signature is + ``solver(csr_array, rhs_vector, **solver_args)`` + + Returns + ------- + spl : NdBSpline object + + Notes + ----- + Boundary conditions are not-a-knot in all dimensions. + """ + ndim = len(points) + xi_shape = tuple(len(x) for x in points) + + try: + len(k) + except TypeError: + # make k a tuple + k = (k,)*ndim + + for d, point in enumerate(points): + numpts = len(np.atleast_1d(point)) + if numpts <= k[d]: + raise ValueError(f"There are {numpts} points in dimension {d}," + f" but order {k[d]} requires at least " + f" {k[d]+1} points per dimension.") + + t = tuple(_not_a_knot(np.asarray(points[d], dtype=float), k[d]) + for d in range(ndim)) + xvals = np.asarray([xv for xv in itertools.product(*points)], dtype=float) + + # construct the colocation matrix + matr = NdBSpline.design_matrix(xvals, t, k) + + # Remove zeros from the sparse matrix + # If k=1, then solve() doesn't take long enough for this to help + if k[0] >= 3: + matr.eliminate_zeros() + + # Solve for the coefficients given `values`. + # Trailing dimensions: first ndim dimensions are data, the rest are batch + # dimensions, so stack `values` into a 2D array for `spsolve` to undestand. + v_shape = values.shape + vals_shape = (prod(v_shape[:ndim]), prod(v_shape[ndim:])) + vals = values.reshape(vals_shape) + + if solver != ssl.spsolve: + solver = functools.partial(_iter_solve, solver=solver) + if "atol" not in solver_args: + # avoid a DeprecationWarning, grumble grumble + solver_args["atol"] = 1e-6 + + coef = solver(matr, vals, **solver_args) + coef = coef.reshape(xi_shape + v_shape[ndim:]) + return NdBSpline(t, coef, k) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndgriddata.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndgriddata.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c0a36945e5cf9d2dc8dcb6fb9bd256a066a0816a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ndgriddata.py @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ +""" +Convenience interface to N-D interpolation + +.. versionadded:: 0.9 + +""" +import numpy as np +from ._interpnd import (LinearNDInterpolator, NDInterpolatorBase, + CloughTocher2DInterpolator, _ndim_coords_from_arrays) +from scipy.spatial import cKDTree + +__all__ = ['griddata', 'NearestNDInterpolator', 'LinearNDInterpolator', + 'CloughTocher2DInterpolator'] + +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Nearest-neighbor interpolation +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +class NearestNDInterpolator(NDInterpolatorBase): + """Nearest-neighbor interpolator in N > 1 dimensions. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (npoints, ndims) 2-D ndarray of floats + Data point coordinates. + y : (npoints, ...) N-D ndarray of float or complex + Data values. The length of `y` along the first axis must be equal to + the length of `x`. + rescale : boolean, optional + Rescale points to unit cube before performing interpolation. + This is useful if some of the input dimensions have + incommensurable units and differ by many orders of magnitude. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + tree_options : dict, optional + Options passed to the underlying ``cKDTree``. + + .. versionadded:: 0.17.0 + + See Also + -------- + griddata : + Interpolate unstructured D-D data. + LinearNDInterpolator : + Piecewise linear interpolator in N dimensions. + CloughTocher2DInterpolator : + Piecewise cubic, C1 smooth, curvature-minimizing interpolator in 2D. + interpn : Interpolation on a regular grid or rectilinear grid. + RegularGridInterpolator : Interpolator on a regular or rectilinear grid + in arbitrary dimensions (`interpn` wraps this + class). + + Notes + ----- + Uses ``scipy.spatial.cKDTree`` + + .. note:: For data on a regular grid use `interpn` instead. + + Examples + -------- + We can interpolate values on a 2D plane: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import NearestNDInterpolator + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x = rng.random(10) - 0.5 + >>> y = rng.random(10) - 0.5 + >>> z = np.hypot(x, y) + >>> X = np.linspace(min(x), max(x)) + >>> Y = np.linspace(min(y), max(y)) + >>> X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y) # 2D grid for interpolation + >>> interp = NearestNDInterpolator(list(zip(x, y)), z) + >>> Z = interp(X, Y) + >>> plt.pcolormesh(X, Y, Z, shading='auto') + >>> plt.plot(x, y, "ok", label="input point") + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.colorbar() + >>> plt.axis("equal") + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + def __init__(self, x, y, rescale=False, tree_options=None): + NDInterpolatorBase.__init__(self, x, y, rescale=rescale, + need_contiguous=False, + need_values=False) + if tree_options is None: + tree_options = dict() + self.tree = cKDTree(self.points, **tree_options) + self.values = np.asarray(y) + + def __call__(self, *args, **query_options): + """ + Evaluate interpolator at given points. + + Parameters + ---------- + x1, x2, ... xn : array-like of float + Points where to interpolate data at. + x1, x2, ... xn can be array-like of float with broadcastable shape. + or x1 can be array-like of float with shape ``(..., ndim)`` + **query_options + This allows ``eps``, ``p``, ``distance_upper_bound``, and ``workers`` + being passed to the cKDTree's query function to be explicitly set. + See `scipy.spatial.cKDTree.query` for an overview of the different options. + + .. versionadded:: 1.12.0 + + """ + # For the sake of enabling subclassing, NDInterpolatorBase._set_xi performs + # some operations which are not required by NearestNDInterpolator.__call__, + # hence here we operate on xi directly, without calling a parent class function. + xi = _ndim_coords_from_arrays(args, ndim=self.points.shape[1]) + xi = self._check_call_shape(xi) + xi = self._scale_x(xi) + + # We need to handle two important cases: + # (1) the case where xi has trailing dimensions (..., ndim), and + # (2) the case where y has trailing dimensions + # We will first flatten xi to deal with case (1), + # do the computation in flattened array while retaining y's dimensionality, + # and then reshape the interpolated values back to match xi's shape. + + # Flatten xi for the query + xi_flat = xi.reshape(-1, xi.shape[-1]) + original_shape = xi.shape + flattened_shape = xi_flat.shape + + # if distance_upper_bound is set to not be infinite, + # then we need to consider the case where cKDtree + # does not find any points within distance_upper_bound to return. + # It marks those points as having infinte distance, which is what will be used + # below to mask the array and return only the points that were deemed + # to have a close enough neighbor to return something useful. + dist, i = self.tree.query(xi_flat, **query_options) + valid_mask = np.isfinite(dist) + + # create a holder interp_values array and fill with nans. + if self.values.ndim > 1: + interp_shape = flattened_shape[:-1] + self.values.shape[1:] + else: + interp_shape = flattened_shape[:-1] + + if np.issubdtype(self.values.dtype, np.complexfloating): + interp_values = np.full(interp_shape, np.nan, dtype=self.values.dtype) + else: + interp_values = np.full(interp_shape, np.nan) + + interp_values[valid_mask] = self.values[i[valid_mask], ...] + + if self.values.ndim > 1: + new_shape = original_shape[:-1] + self.values.shape[1:] + else: + new_shape = original_shape[:-1] + interp_values = interp_values.reshape(new_shape) + + return interp_values + + +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Convenience interface function +#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + +def griddata(points, values, xi, method='linear', fill_value=np.nan, + rescale=False): + """ + Convenience function for interpolating unstructured data in multiple dimensions. + + Parameters + ---------- + points : 2-D ndarray of floats with shape (n, D), or length D tuple of 1-D ndarrays with shape (n,). + Data point coordinates. + values : ndarray of float or complex, shape (n,) + Data values. + xi : 2-D ndarray of floats with shape (m, D), or length D tuple of ndarrays broadcastable to the same shape. + Points at which to interpolate data. + method : {'linear', 'nearest', 'cubic'}, optional + Method of interpolation. One of + + ``nearest`` + return the value at the data point closest to + the point of interpolation. See `NearestNDInterpolator` for + more details. + + ``linear`` + tessellate the input point set to N-D + simplices, and interpolate linearly on each simplex. See + `LinearNDInterpolator` for more details. + + ``cubic`` (1-D) + return the value determined from a cubic + spline. + + ``cubic`` (2-D) + return the value determined from a + piecewise cubic, continuously differentiable (C1), and + approximately curvature-minimizing polynomial surface. See + `CloughTocher2DInterpolator` for more details. + fill_value : float, optional + Value used to fill in for requested points outside of the + convex hull of the input points. If not provided, then the + default is ``nan``. This option has no effect for the + 'nearest' method. + rescale : bool, optional + Rescale points to unit cube before performing interpolation. + This is useful if some of the input dimensions have + incommensurable units and differ by many orders of magnitude. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + Returns + ------- + ndarray + Array of interpolated values. + + See Also + -------- + LinearNDInterpolator : + Piecewise linear interpolator in N dimensions. + NearestNDInterpolator : + Nearest-neighbor interpolator in N dimensions. + CloughTocher2DInterpolator : + Piecewise cubic, C1 smooth, curvature-minimizing interpolator in 2D. + interpn : Interpolation on a regular grid or rectilinear grid. + RegularGridInterpolator : Interpolator on a regular or rectilinear grid + in arbitrary dimensions (`interpn` wraps this + class). + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.9 + + .. note:: For data on a regular grid use `interpn` instead. + + Examples + -------- + + Suppose we want to interpolate the 2-D function + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> def func(x, y): + ... return x*(1-x)*np.cos(4*np.pi*x) * np.sin(4*np.pi*y**2)**2 + + on a grid in [0, 1]x[0, 1] + + >>> grid_x, grid_y = np.mgrid[0:1:100j, 0:1:200j] + + but we only know its values at 1000 data points: + + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> points = rng.random((1000, 2)) + >>> values = func(points[:,0], points[:,1]) + + This can be done with `griddata` -- below we try out all of the + interpolation methods: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import griddata + >>> grid_z0 = griddata(points, values, (grid_x, grid_y), method='nearest') + >>> grid_z1 = griddata(points, values, (grid_x, grid_y), method='linear') + >>> grid_z2 = griddata(points, values, (grid_x, grid_y), method='cubic') + + One can see that the exact result is reproduced by all of the + methods to some degree, but for this smooth function the piecewise + cubic interpolant gives the best results: + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> plt.subplot(221) + >>> plt.imshow(func(grid_x, grid_y).T, extent=(0,1,0,1), origin='lower') + >>> plt.plot(points[:,0], points[:,1], 'k.', ms=1) + >>> plt.title('Original') + >>> plt.subplot(222) + >>> plt.imshow(grid_z0.T, extent=(0,1,0,1), origin='lower') + >>> plt.title('Nearest') + >>> plt.subplot(223) + >>> plt.imshow(grid_z1.T, extent=(0,1,0,1), origin='lower') + >>> plt.title('Linear') + >>> plt.subplot(224) + >>> plt.imshow(grid_z2.T, extent=(0,1,0,1), origin='lower') + >>> plt.title('Cubic') + >>> plt.gcf().set_size_inches(6, 6) + >>> plt.show() + + """ # numpy/numpydoc#87 # noqa: E501 + + points = _ndim_coords_from_arrays(points) + + if points.ndim < 2: + ndim = points.ndim + else: + ndim = points.shape[-1] + + if ndim == 1 and method in ('nearest', 'linear', 'cubic'): + from ._interpolate import interp1d + points = points.ravel() + if isinstance(xi, tuple): + if len(xi) != 1: + raise ValueError("invalid number of dimensions in xi") + xi, = xi + # Sort points/values together, necessary as input for interp1d + idx = np.argsort(points) + points = points[idx] + values = values[idx] + if method == 'nearest': + fill_value = 'extrapolate' + ip = interp1d(points, values, kind=method, axis=0, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=fill_value) + return ip(xi) + elif method == 'nearest': + ip = NearestNDInterpolator(points, values, rescale=rescale) + return ip(xi) + elif method == 'linear': + ip = LinearNDInterpolator(points, values, fill_value=fill_value, + rescale=rescale) + return ip(xi) + elif method == 'cubic' and ndim == 2: + ip = CloughTocher2DInterpolator(points, values, fill_value=fill_value, + rescale=rescale) + return ip(xi) + else: + raise ValueError( + f"Unknown interpolation method {method!r} for {ndim} dimensional data" + ) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_pade.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_pade.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..387ef11dde5d3ace8a15324058c10fa31899c92c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_pade.py @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +from numpy import zeros, asarray, eye, poly1d, hstack, r_ +from scipy import linalg + +__all__ = ["pade"] + +def pade(an, m, n=None): + """ + Return Pade approximation to a polynomial as the ratio of two polynomials. + + Parameters + ---------- + an : (N,) array_like + Taylor series coefficients. + m : int + The order of the returned approximating polynomial `q`. + n : int, optional + The order of the returned approximating polynomial `p`. By default, + the order is ``len(an)-1-m``. + + Returns + ------- + p, q : Polynomial class + The Pade approximation of the polynomial defined by `an` is + ``p(x)/q(x)``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import pade + >>> e_exp = [1.0, 1.0, 1.0/2.0, 1.0/6.0, 1.0/24.0, 1.0/120.0] + >>> p, q = pade(e_exp, 2) + + >>> e_exp.reverse() + >>> e_poly = np.poly1d(e_exp) + + Compare ``e_poly(x)`` and the Pade approximation ``p(x)/q(x)`` + + >>> e_poly(1) + 2.7166666666666668 + + >>> p(1)/q(1) + 2.7179487179487181 + + """ + an = asarray(an) + if n is None: + n = len(an) - 1 - m + if n < 0: + raise ValueError("Order of q must be smaller than len(an)-1.") + if n < 0: + raise ValueError("Order of p must be greater than 0.") + N = m + n + if N > len(an)-1: + raise ValueError("Order of q+p must be smaller than len(an).") + an = an[:N+1] + Akj = eye(N+1, n+1, dtype=an.dtype) + Bkj = zeros((N+1, m), dtype=an.dtype) + for row in range(1, m+1): + Bkj[row,:row] = -(an[:row])[::-1] + for row in range(m+1, N+1): + Bkj[row,:] = -(an[row-m:row])[::-1] + C = hstack((Akj, Bkj)) + pq = linalg.solve(C, an) + p = pq[:n+1] + q = r_[1.0, pq[n+1:]] + return poly1d(p[::-1]), poly1d(q[::-1]) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_polyint.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_polyint.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e02065f552827a602656077d4383474016933eda --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_polyint.py @@ -0,0 +1,1029 @@ +import warnings +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np +from scipy.special import factorial +from scipy._lib._util import (_asarray_validated, float_factorial, check_random_state, + _transition_to_rng) + + +__all__ = ["KroghInterpolator", "krogh_interpolate", + "BarycentricInterpolator", "barycentric_interpolate", + "approximate_taylor_polynomial"] + + +def _isscalar(x): + """Check whether x is if a scalar type, or 0-dim""" + return np.isscalar(x) or hasattr(x, 'shape') and x.shape == () + + +class _Interpolator1D: + """ + Common features in univariate interpolation + + Deal with input data type and interpolation axis rolling. The + actual interpolator can assume the y-data is of shape (n, r) where + `n` is the number of x-points, and `r` the number of variables, + and use self.dtype as the y-data type. + + Attributes + ---------- + _y_axis + Axis along which the interpolation goes in the original array + _y_extra_shape + Additional trailing shape of the input arrays, excluding + the interpolation axis. + dtype + Dtype of the y-data arrays. Can be set via _set_dtype, which + forces it to be float or complex. + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + _prepare_x + _finish_y + _reshape_yi + _set_yi + _set_dtype + _evaluate + + """ + + __slots__ = ('_y_axis', '_y_extra_shape', 'dtype') + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, xi=None, yi=None, axis=None): + self._y_axis = axis + self._y_extra_shape = None + self.dtype = None + if yi is not None: + self._set_yi(yi, xi=xi, axis=axis) + + def __call__(self, x): + """ + Evaluate the interpolant + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the interpolant. + + Returns + ------- + y : array_like + Interpolated values. Shape is determined by replacing + the interpolation axis in the original array with the shape of `x`. + + Notes + ----- + Input values `x` must be convertible to `float` values like `int` + or `float`. + + """ + x, x_shape = self._prepare_x(x) + y = self._evaluate(x) + return self._finish_y(y, x_shape) + + def _evaluate(self, x): + """ + Actually evaluate the value of the interpolator. + """ + raise NotImplementedError() + + def _prepare_x(self, x): + """Reshape input x array to 1-D""" + x = _asarray_validated(x, check_finite=False, as_inexact=True) + x_shape = x.shape + return x.ravel(), x_shape + + def _finish_y(self, y, x_shape): + """Reshape interpolated y back to an N-D array similar to initial y""" + y = y.reshape(x_shape + self._y_extra_shape) + if self._y_axis != 0 and x_shape != (): + nx = len(x_shape) + ny = len(self._y_extra_shape) + s = (list(range(nx, nx + self._y_axis)) + + list(range(nx)) + list(range(nx+self._y_axis, nx+ny))) + y = y.transpose(s) + return y + + def _reshape_yi(self, yi, check=False): + yi = np.moveaxis(np.asarray(yi), self._y_axis, 0) + if check and yi.shape[1:] != self._y_extra_shape: + ok_shape = (f"{self._y_extra_shape[-self._y_axis:]!r} + (N,) + " + f"{self._y_extra_shape[:-self._y_axis]!r}") + raise ValueError(f"Data must be of shape {ok_shape}") + return yi.reshape((yi.shape[0], -1)) + + def _set_yi(self, yi, xi=None, axis=None): + if axis is None: + axis = self._y_axis + if axis is None: + raise ValueError("no interpolation axis specified") + + yi = np.asarray(yi) + + shape = yi.shape + if shape == (): + shape = (1,) + if xi is not None and shape[axis] != len(xi): + raise ValueError("x and y arrays must be equal in length along " + "interpolation axis.") + + self._y_axis = (axis % yi.ndim) + self._y_extra_shape = yi.shape[:self._y_axis] + yi.shape[self._y_axis+1:] + self.dtype = None + self._set_dtype(yi.dtype) + + def _set_dtype(self, dtype, union=False): + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating) \ + or np.issubdtype(self.dtype, np.complexfloating): + self.dtype = np.complex128 + else: + if not union or self.dtype != np.complex128: + self.dtype = np.float64 + + +class _Interpolator1DWithDerivatives(_Interpolator1D): + def derivatives(self, x, der=None): + """ + Evaluate several derivatives of the polynomial at the point `x` + + Produce an array of derivatives evaluated at the point `x`. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the derivatives + der : int or list or None, optional + How many derivatives to evaluate, or None for all potentially + nonzero derivatives (that is, a number equal to the number + of points), or a list of derivatives to evaluate. This number + includes the function value as the '0th' derivative. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + Array with derivatives; ``d[j]`` contains the jth derivative. + Shape of ``d[j]`` is determined by replacing the interpolation + axis in the original array with the shape of `x`. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.interpolate import KroghInterpolator + >>> KroghInterpolator([0,0,0],[1,2,3]).derivatives(0) + array([1.0,2.0,3.0]) + >>> KroghInterpolator([0,0,0],[1,2,3]).derivatives([0,0]) + array([[1.0,1.0], + [2.0,2.0], + [3.0,3.0]]) + + """ + x, x_shape = self._prepare_x(x) + y = self._evaluate_derivatives(x, der) + + y = y.reshape((y.shape[0],) + x_shape + self._y_extra_shape) + if self._y_axis != 0 and x_shape != (): + nx = len(x_shape) + ny = len(self._y_extra_shape) + s = ([0] + list(range(nx+1, nx + self._y_axis+1)) + + list(range(1, nx+1)) + + list(range(nx+1+self._y_axis, nx+ny+1))) + y = y.transpose(s) + return y + + def derivative(self, x, der=1): + """ + Evaluate a single derivative of the polynomial at the point `x`. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the derivatives + + der : integer, optional + Which derivative to evaluate (default: first derivative). + This number includes the function value as 0th derivative. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + Derivative interpolated at the x-points. Shape of `d` is + determined by replacing the interpolation axis in the + original array with the shape of `x`. + + Notes + ----- + This may be computed by evaluating all derivatives up to the desired + one (using self.derivatives()) and then discarding the rest. + + """ + x, x_shape = self._prepare_x(x) + y = self._evaluate_derivatives(x, der+1) + return self._finish_y(y[der], x_shape) + + def _evaluate_derivatives(self, x, der=None): + """ + Actually evaluate the derivatives. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + 1D array of points at which to evaluate the derivatives + der : integer, optional + The number of derivatives to evaluate, from 'order 0' (der=1) + to order der-1. If omitted, return all possibly-non-zero + derivatives, ie 0 to order n-1. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + Array of shape ``(der, x.size, self.yi.shape[1])`` containing + the derivatives from 0 to der-1 + """ + raise NotImplementedError() + + +class KroghInterpolator(_Interpolator1DWithDerivatives): + """Krogh interpolator (C∞ smooth). + + The polynomial passes through all the pairs ``(xi, yi)``. One may + additionally specify a number of derivatives at each point `xi`; + this is done by repeating the value `xi` and specifying the + derivatives as successive `yi` values. + + Allows evaluation of the polynomial and all its derivatives. + For reasons of numerical stability, this function does not compute + the coefficients of the polynomial, although they can be obtained + by evaluating all the derivatives. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like, shape (npoints, ) + Known x-coordinates. Must be sorted in increasing order. + yi : array_like, shape (..., npoints, ...) + Known y-coordinates. When an xi occurs two or more times in + a row, the corresponding yi's represent derivative values. The length of `yi` + along the interpolation axis must be equal to the length of `xi`. Use the + `axis` parameter to select the correct axis. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the `yi` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. Defaults to + ``axis=0``. + + Notes + ----- + Be aware that the algorithms implemented here are not necessarily + the most numerically stable known. Moreover, even in a world of + exact computation, unless the x coordinates are chosen very + carefully - Chebyshev zeros (e.g., cos(i*pi/n)) are a good choice - + polynomial interpolation itself is a very ill-conditioned process + due to the Runge phenomenon. In general, even with well-chosen + x values, degrees higher than about thirty cause problems with + numerical instability in this code. + + Based on [1]_. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Krogh, "Efficient Algorithms for Polynomial Interpolation + and Numerical Differentiation", 1970. + + Examples + -------- + To produce a polynomial that is zero at 0 and 1 and has + derivative 2 at 0, call + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import KroghInterpolator + >>> KroghInterpolator([0,0,1],[0,2,0]) + + This constructs the quadratic :math:`2x^2-2x`. The derivative condition + is indicated by the repeated zero in the `xi` array; the corresponding + yi values are 0, the function value, and 2, the derivative value. + + For another example, given `xi`, `yi`, and a derivative `ypi` for each + point, appropriate arrays can be constructed as: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + >>> yi, ypi = rng.random((2, 5)) + >>> xi_k, yi_k = np.repeat(xi, 2), np.ravel(np.dstack((yi,ypi))) + >>> KroghInterpolator(xi_k, yi_k) + + To produce a vector-valued polynomial, supply a higher-dimensional + array for `yi`: + + >>> KroghInterpolator([0,1],[[2,3],[4,5]]) + + This constructs a linear polynomial giving (2,3) at 0 and (4,5) at 1. + + """ + + def __init__(self, xi, yi, axis=0): + super().__init__(xi, yi, axis) + + self.xi = np.asarray(xi) + self.yi = self._reshape_yi(yi) + self.n, self.r = self.yi.shape + + if (deg := self.xi.size) > 30: + warnings.warn(f"{deg} degrees provided, degrees higher than about" + " thirty cause problems with numerical instability " + "with 'KroghInterpolator'", stacklevel=2) + + c = np.zeros((self.n+1, self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + c[0] = self.yi[0] + Vk = np.zeros((self.n, self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + for k in range(1, self.n): + s = 0 + while s <= k and xi[k-s] == xi[k]: + s += 1 + s -= 1 + Vk[0] = self.yi[k]/float_factorial(s) + for i in range(k-s): + if xi[i] == xi[k]: + raise ValueError("Elements of `xi` can't be equal.") + if s == 0: + Vk[i+1] = (c[i]-Vk[i])/(xi[i]-xi[k]) + else: + Vk[i+1] = (Vk[i+1]-Vk[i])/(xi[i]-xi[k]) + c[k] = Vk[k-s] + self.c = c + + def _evaluate(self, x): + pi = 1 + p = np.zeros((len(x), self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + p += self.c[0,np.newaxis,:] + for k in range(1, self.n): + w = x - self.xi[k-1] + pi = w*pi + p += pi[:,np.newaxis] * self.c[k] + return p + + def _evaluate_derivatives(self, x, der=None): + n = self.n + r = self.r + + if der is None: + der = self.n + + pi = np.zeros((n, len(x))) + w = np.zeros((n, len(x))) + pi[0] = 1 + p = np.zeros((len(x), self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + p += self.c[0, np.newaxis, :] + + for k in range(1, n): + w[k-1] = x - self.xi[k-1] + pi[k] = w[k-1] * pi[k-1] + p += pi[k, :, np.newaxis] * self.c[k] + + cn = np.zeros((max(der, n+1), len(x), r), dtype=self.dtype) + cn[:n+1, :, :] += self.c[:n+1, np.newaxis, :] + cn[0] = p + for k in range(1, n): + for i in range(1, n-k+1): + pi[i] = w[k+i-1]*pi[i-1] + pi[i] + cn[k] = cn[k] + pi[i, :, np.newaxis]*cn[k+i] + cn[k] *= float_factorial(k) + + cn[n, :, :] = 0 + return cn[:der] + + +def krogh_interpolate(xi, yi, x, der=0, axis=0): + """Convenience function for Krogh interpolation. + + See `KroghInterpolator` for more details. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like + Interpolation points (known x-coordinates). + yi : array_like + Known y-coordinates, of shape ``(xi.size, R)``. Interpreted as + vectors of length R, or scalars if R=1. + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the derivatives. + der : int or list or None, optional + How many derivatives to evaluate, or None for all potentially + nonzero derivatives (that is, a number equal to the number + of points), or a list of derivatives to evaluate. This number + includes the function value as the '0th' derivative. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the `yi` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + If the interpolator's values are R-D then the + returned array will be the number of derivatives by N by R. + If `x` is a scalar, the middle dimension will be dropped; if + the `yi` are scalars then the last dimension will be dropped. + + See Also + -------- + KroghInterpolator : Krogh interpolator + + Notes + ----- + Construction of the interpolating polynomial is a relatively expensive + process. If you want to evaluate it repeatedly consider using the class + KroghInterpolator (which is what this function uses). + + Examples + -------- + We can interpolate 2D observed data using Krogh interpolation: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import krogh_interpolate + >>> x_observed = np.linspace(0.0, 10.0, 11) + >>> y_observed = np.sin(x_observed) + >>> x = np.linspace(min(x_observed), max(x_observed), num=100) + >>> y = krogh_interpolate(x_observed, y_observed, x) + >>> plt.plot(x_observed, y_observed, "o", label="observation") + >>> plt.plot(x, y, label="krogh interpolation") + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.show() + """ + + P = KroghInterpolator(xi, yi, axis=axis) + if der == 0: + return P(x) + elif _isscalar(der): + return P.derivative(x, der=der) + else: + return P.derivatives(x, der=np.amax(der)+1)[der] + + +def approximate_taylor_polynomial(f,x,degree,scale,order=None): + """ + Estimate the Taylor polynomial of f at x by polynomial fitting. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : callable + The function whose Taylor polynomial is sought. Should accept + a vector of `x` values. + x : scalar + The point at which the polynomial is to be evaluated. + degree : int + The degree of the Taylor polynomial + scale : scalar + The width of the interval to use to evaluate the Taylor polynomial. + Function values spread over a range this wide are used to fit the + polynomial. Must be chosen carefully. + order : int or None, optional + The order of the polynomial to be used in the fitting; `f` will be + evaluated ``order+1`` times. If None, use `degree`. + + Returns + ------- + p : poly1d instance + The Taylor polynomial (translated to the origin, so that + for example p(0)=f(x)). + + Notes + ----- + The appropriate choice of "scale" is a trade-off; too large and the + function differs from its Taylor polynomial too much to get a good + answer, too small and round-off errors overwhelm the higher-order terms. + The algorithm used becomes numerically unstable around order 30 even + under ideal circumstances. + + Choosing order somewhat larger than degree may improve the higher-order + terms. + + Examples + -------- + We can calculate Taylor approximation polynomials of sin function with + various degrees: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import approximate_taylor_polynomial + >>> x = np.linspace(-10.0, 10.0, num=100) + >>> plt.plot(x, np.sin(x), label="sin curve") + >>> for degree in np.arange(1, 15, step=2): + ... sin_taylor = approximate_taylor_polynomial(np.sin, 0, degree, 1, + ... order=degree + 2) + ... plt.plot(x, sin_taylor(x), label=f"degree={degree}") + >>> plt.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc='upper left', + ... borderaxespad=0.0, shadow=True) + >>> plt.tight_layout() + >>> plt.axis([-10, 10, -10, 10]) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + if order is None: + order = degree + + n = order+1 + # Choose n points that cluster near the endpoints of the interval in + # a way that avoids the Runge phenomenon. Ensure, by including the + # endpoint or not as appropriate, that one point always falls at x + # exactly. + xs = scale*np.cos(np.linspace(0,np.pi,n,endpoint=n % 1)) + x + + P = KroghInterpolator(xs, f(xs)) + d = P.derivatives(x,der=degree+1) + + return np.poly1d((d/factorial(np.arange(degree+1)))[::-1]) + + +class BarycentricInterpolator(_Interpolator1DWithDerivatives): + r"""Barycentric (Lagrange with improved stability) interpolator (C∞ smooth). + + Constructs a polynomial that passes through a given set of points. + Allows evaluation of the polynomial and all its derivatives, + efficient changing of the y-values to be interpolated, + and updating by adding more x- and y-values. For numerical stability, a barycentric + representation is used rather than computing the coefficients of the polynomial + directly. + + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like, shape (npoints, ) + 1-D array of x-coordinates of the points the polynomial + should pass through + yi : array_like, shape (..., npoints, ...), optional + N-D array of y-coordinates of the points the polynomial should pass through. + If None, the y values will be supplied later via the `set_y` method. + The length of `yi` along the interpolation axis must be equal to the length + of `xi`. Use the ``axis`` parameter to select correct axis. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the yi array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. Defaults + to ``axis=0``. + wi : array_like, optional + The barycentric weights for the chosen interpolation points `xi`. + If absent or None, the weights will be computed from `xi` (default). + This allows for the reuse of the weights `wi` if several interpolants + are being calculated using the same nodes `xi`, without re-computation. This + also allows for computing the weights explicitly for some choices of + `xi` (see notes). + rng : {None, int, `numpy.random.Generator`}, optional + If `rng` is passed by keyword, types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rng` is already a ``Generator`` instance, then the provided instance is + used. Specify `rng` for repeatable interpolation. + + If this argument `random_state` is passed by keyword, + legacy behavior for the argument `random_state` applies: + + - If `random_state` is None (or `numpy.random`), the `numpy.random.RandomState` + singleton is used. + - If `random_state` is an int, a new ``RandomState`` instance is used, + seeded with `random_state`. + - If `random_state` is already a ``Generator`` or ``RandomState`` instance then + that instance is used. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.15.0 + As part of the `SPEC-007 `_ + transition from use of `numpy.random.RandomState` to + `numpy.random.Generator` this keyword was changed from `random_state` to `rng`. + For an interim period, both keywords will continue to work (only specify + one of them). After the interim period using the `random_state` keyword will emit + warnings. The behavior of the `random_state` and `rng` keywords is outlined above. + + Notes + ----- + This method is a variant of Lagrange polynomial interpolation [1]_ based on [2]_. + Instead of using Lagrange's or Newton's formula, the polynomial is represented by + the barycentric formula + + .. math:: + + p(x) = + \frac{\sum_{i=1}^m\ w_i y_i / (x - x_i)}{\sum_{i=1}^m w_i / (x - x_i)}, + + where :math:`w_i` are the barycentric weights computed with the general formula + + .. math:: + + w_i = \left( \prod_{k \neq i} x_i - x_k \right)^{-1}. + + This is the same barycentric form used by `AAA` and `FloaterHormannInterpolator`. + However, in contrast, the weights :math:`w_i` are defined such that + :math:`p(x)` is a polynomial rather than a rational function. + + The barycentric representation avoids many of the problems associated with + polynomial interpolation caused by floating-point arithmetic. However, it does not + avoid issues that are intrinsic to polynomial interpolation. Namely, if the + x-coordinates are equally spaced, then the weights can be computed explicitly using + the formula from [2]_ + + .. math:: + + w_i = (-1)^i {n \choose i}, + + where :math:`n` is the number of x-coordinates. As noted in [2]_, this means that + for large :math:`n` the weights vary by exponentially large factors, leading to the + Runge phenomenon. + + To avoid this ill-conditioning, the x-coordinates should be clustered at the + endpoints of the interval. An excellent choice of points on the interval + :math:`[a,b]` are Chebyshev points of the second kind + + .. math:: + + x_i = \frac{a + b}{2} + \frac{a - b}{2}\cos(i\pi/n). + + in which case the weights can be computed explicitly as + + .. math:: + + w_i = \begin{cases} + (-1)^i/2 & i = 0,n \\ + (-1)^i & \text{otherwise} + \end{cases}. + + See [2]_ for more infomation. Note that for large :math:`n`, computing the weights + explicitly (see examples) will be faster than the generic formula. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_polynomial + .. [2] Jean-Paul Berrut and Lloyd N. Trefethen, "Barycentric Lagrange + Interpolation", SIAM Review 2004 46:3, 501-517 + :doi:`10.1137/S0036144502417715` + + Examples + -------- + To produce a quintic barycentric interpolant approximating the function + :math:`\sin x`, and its first four derivatives, using six randomly-spaced + nodes in :math:`(0, \pi/2)`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import BarycentricInterpolator + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> xi = rng.random(6) * np.pi/2 + >>> f, f_d1, f_d2, f_d3, f_d4 = np.sin, np.cos, lambda x: -np.sin(x), lambda x: -np.cos(x), np.sin + >>> P = BarycentricInterpolator(xi, f(xi), random_state=rng) + >>> fig, axs = plt.subplots(5, 1, sharex=True, layout='constrained', figsize=(7,10)) + >>> x = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) + >>> axs[0].plot(x, P(x), 'r:', x, f(x), 'k--', xi, f(xi), 'xk') + >>> axs[1].plot(x, P.derivative(x), 'r:', x, f_d1(x), 'k--', xi, f_d1(xi), 'xk') + >>> axs[2].plot(x, P.derivative(x, 2), 'r:', x, f_d2(x), 'k--', xi, f_d2(xi), 'xk') + >>> axs[3].plot(x, P.derivative(x, 3), 'r:', x, f_d3(x), 'k--', xi, f_d3(xi), 'xk') + >>> axs[4].plot(x, P.derivative(x, 4), 'r:', x, f_d4(x), 'k--', xi, f_d4(xi), 'xk') + >>> axs[0].set_xlim(0, np.pi) + >>> axs[4].set_xlabel(r"$x$") + >>> axs[4].set_xticks([i * np.pi / 4 for i in range(5)], + ... ["0", r"$\frac{\pi}{4}$", r"$\frac{\pi}{2}$", r"$\frac{3\pi}{4}$", r"$\pi$"]) + >>> for ax, label in zip(axs, ("$f(x)$", "$f'(x)$", "$f''(x)$", "$f^{(3)}(x)$", "$f^{(4)}(x)$")): + ... ax.set_ylabel(label) + >>> labels = ['Interpolation nodes', 'True function $f$', 'Barycentric interpolation'] + >>> axs[0].legend(axs[0].get_lines()[::-1], labels, bbox_to_anchor=(0., 1.02, 1., .102), + ... loc='lower left', ncols=3, mode="expand", borderaxespad=0., frameon=False) + >>> plt.show() + + Next, we show how using Chebyshev points of the second kind avoids the + Runge phenomenon. In this example, we also compute the weights explicitly. + + >>> n = 20 + >>> def f(x): return np.abs(x) + 0.5*x - x**2 + >>> i = np.arange(n) + >>> x_cheb = np.cos(i*np.pi/(n - 1)) # Chebyshev points on [-1, 1] + >>> w_i_cheb = (-1.)**i # Explicit formula for weights of Chebyshev points + >>> w_i_cheb[[0, -1]] /= 2 + >>> p_cheb = BarycentricInterpolator(x_cheb, f(x_cheb), wi=w_i_cheb) + >>> x_equi = np.linspace(-1, 1, n) + >>> p_equi = BarycentricInterpolator(x_equi, f(x_equi)) + >>> xx = np.linspace(-1, 1, 1000) + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.plot(xx, f(xx), label="Original Function") + >>> ax.plot(xx, p_cheb(xx), "--", label="Chebshev Points") + >>> ax.plot(xx, p_equi(xx), "--", label="Equally Spaced Points") + >>> ax.set(xlabel="$x$", ylabel="$f(x)$", xlim=[-1, 1]) + >>> ax.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + """ # numpy/numpydoc#87 # noqa: E501 + + @_transition_to_rng("random_state", replace_doc=False) + def __init__(self, xi, yi=None, axis=0, *, wi=None, rng=None): + super().__init__(xi, yi, axis) + + rng = check_random_state(rng) + + self.xi = np.asarray(xi, dtype=np.float64) + self.set_yi(yi) + self.n = len(self.xi) + + # cache derivative object to avoid re-computing the weights with every call. + self._diff_cij = None + + if wi is not None: + self.wi = wi + else: + # See page 510 of Berrut and Trefethen 2004 for an explanation of the + # capacity scaling and the suggestion of using a random permutation of + # the input factors. + # At the moment, the permutation is not performed for xi that are + # appended later through the add_xi interface. It's not clear to me how + # to implement that and it seems that most situations that require + # these numerical stability improvements will be able to provide all + # the points to the constructor. + self._inv_capacity = 4.0 / (np.max(self.xi) - np.min(self.xi)) + permute = rng.permutation(self.n, ) + inv_permute = np.zeros(self.n, dtype=np.int32) + inv_permute[permute] = np.arange(self.n) + self.wi = np.zeros(self.n) + + for i in range(self.n): + dist = self._inv_capacity * (self.xi[i] - self.xi[permute]) + dist[inv_permute[i]] = 1.0 + prod = np.prod(dist) + if prod == 0.0: + raise ValueError("Interpolation points xi must be" + " distinct.") + self.wi[i] = 1.0 / prod + + def set_yi(self, yi, axis=None): + """ + Update the y values to be interpolated + + The barycentric interpolation algorithm requires the calculation + of weights, but these depend only on the `xi`. The `yi` can be changed + at any time. + + Parameters + ---------- + yi : array_like + The y-coordinates of the points the polynomial will pass through. + If None, the y values must be supplied later. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the `yi` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. + + """ + if yi is None: + self.yi = None + return + self._set_yi(yi, xi=self.xi, axis=axis) + self.yi = self._reshape_yi(yi) + self.n, self.r = self.yi.shape + self._diff_baryint = None + + def add_xi(self, xi, yi=None): + """ + Add more x values to the set to be interpolated + + The barycentric interpolation algorithm allows easy updating by + adding more points for the polynomial to pass through. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like + The x coordinates of the points that the polynomial should pass + through. + yi : array_like, optional + The y coordinates of the points the polynomial should pass through. + Should have shape ``(xi.size, R)``; if R > 1 then the polynomial is + vector-valued. + If `yi` is not given, the y values will be supplied later. `yi` + should be given if and only if the interpolator has y values + specified. + + Notes + ----- + The new points added by `add_xi` are not randomly permuted + so there is potential for numerical instability, + especially for a large number of points. If this + happens, please reconstruct interpolation from scratch instead. + """ + if yi is not None: + if self.yi is None: + raise ValueError("No previous yi value to update!") + yi = self._reshape_yi(yi, check=True) + self.yi = np.vstack((self.yi,yi)) + else: + if self.yi is not None: + raise ValueError("No update to yi provided!") + old_n = self.n + self.xi = np.concatenate((self.xi,xi)) + self.n = len(self.xi) + self.wi **= -1 + old_wi = self.wi + self.wi = np.zeros(self.n) + self.wi[:old_n] = old_wi + for j in range(old_n, self.n): + self.wi[:j] *= self._inv_capacity * (self.xi[j]-self.xi[:j]) + self.wi[j] = np.multiply.reduce( + self._inv_capacity * (self.xi[:j]-self.xi[j]) + ) + self.wi **= -1 + self._diff_cij = None + self._diff_baryint = None + + def __call__(self, x): + """Evaluate the interpolating polynomial at the points x + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the interpolant. + + Returns + ------- + y : array_like + Interpolated values. Shape is determined by replacing + the interpolation axis in the original array with the shape of `x`. + + Notes + ----- + Currently the code computes an outer product between `x` and the + weights, that is, it constructs an intermediate array of size + ``(N, len(x))``, where N is the degree of the polynomial. + """ + return _Interpolator1D.__call__(self, x) + + def _evaluate(self, x): + if x.size == 0: + p = np.zeros((0, self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + else: + c = x[..., np.newaxis] - self.xi + z = c == 0 + c[z] = 1 + c = self.wi / c + with np.errstate(divide='ignore'): + p = np.dot(c, self.yi) / np.sum(c, axis=-1)[..., np.newaxis] + # Now fix where x==some xi + r = np.nonzero(z) + if len(r) == 1: # evaluation at a scalar + if len(r[0]) > 0: # equals one of the points + p = self.yi[r[0][0]] + else: + p[r[:-1]] = self.yi[r[-1]] + return p + + def derivative(self, x, der=1): + """ + Evaluate a single derivative of the polynomial at the point x. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the derivatives + der : integer, optional + Which derivative to evaluate (default: first derivative). + This number includes the function value as 0th derivative. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + Derivative interpolated at the x-points. Shape of `d` is + determined by replacing the interpolation axis in the + original array with the shape of `x`. + """ + x, x_shape = self._prepare_x(x) + y = self._evaluate_derivatives(x, der+1, all_lower=False) + return self._finish_y(y, x_shape) + + def _evaluate_derivatives(self, x, der=None, all_lower=True): + # NB: der here is not the order of the highest derivative; + # instead, it is the size of the derivatives matrix that + # would be returned with all_lower=True, including the + # '0th' derivative (the undifferentiated function). + # E.g. to evaluate the 5th derivative alone, call + # _evaluate_derivatives(x, der=6, all_lower=False). + + if (not all_lower) and (x.size == 0 or self.r == 0): + return np.zeros((0, self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + + if (not all_lower) and der == 1: + return self._evaluate(x) + + if (not all_lower) and (der > self.n): + return np.zeros((len(x), self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + + if der is None: + der = self.n + + if all_lower and (x.size == 0 or self.r == 0): + return np.zeros((der, len(x), self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + + if self._diff_cij is None: + # c[i,j] = xi[i] - xi[j] + c = self.xi[:, np.newaxis] - self.xi + + # avoid division by 0 (diagonal entries are so far zero by construction) + np.fill_diagonal(c, 1) + + # c[i,j] = (w[j] / w[i]) / (xi[i] - xi[j]) (equation 9.4) + c = self.wi/ (c * self.wi[..., np.newaxis]) + + # fill in correct diagonal entries: each column sums to 0 + np.fill_diagonal(c, 0) + + # calculate diagonal + # c[j,j] = -sum_{i != j} c[i,j] (equation 9.5) + d = -c.sum(axis=1) + # c[i,j] = l_j(x_i) + np.fill_diagonal(c, d) + + self._diff_cij = c + + if self._diff_baryint is None: + # initialise and cache derivative interpolator and cijs; + # reuse weights wi (which depend only on interpolation points xi), + # to avoid unnecessary re-computation + self._diff_baryint = BarycentricInterpolator(xi=self.xi, + yi=self._diff_cij @ self.yi, + wi=self.wi) + self._diff_baryint._diff_cij = self._diff_cij + + if all_lower: + # assemble matrix of derivatives from order 0 to order der-1, + # in the format required by _Interpolator1DWithDerivatives. + cn = np.zeros((der, len(x), self.r), dtype=self.dtype) + for d in range(der): + cn[d, :, :] = self._evaluate_derivatives(x, d+1, all_lower=False) + return cn + + # recursively evaluate only the derivative requested + return self._diff_baryint._evaluate_derivatives(x, der-1, all_lower=False) + + +def barycentric_interpolate(xi, yi, x, axis=0, *, der=0, rng=None): + """Convenience function for barycentric interpolation. + + Constructs a polynomial that passes through a given set of points, + then evaluates the polynomial. For reasons of numerical stability, + this function does not compute the coefficients of the polynomial. + + This function uses a "barycentric interpolation" method that treats + the problem as a special case of rational function interpolation. + This algorithm is quite stable, numerically, but even in a world of + exact computation, unless the `x` coordinates are chosen very + carefully - Chebyshev zeros (e.g., cos(i*pi/n)) are a good choice - + polynomial interpolation itself is a very ill-conditioned process + due to the Runge phenomenon. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : array_like + 1-D array of x coordinates of the points the polynomial should + pass through + yi : array_like + The y coordinates of the points the polynomial should pass through. + x : scalar or array_like + Point or points at which to evaluate the interpolant. + axis : int, optional + Axis in the `yi` array corresponding to the x-coordinate values. + der : int or list or None, optional + How many derivatives to evaluate, or None for all potentially + nonzero derivatives (that is, a number equal to the number + of points), or a list of derivatives to evaluate. This number + includes the function value as the '0th' derivative. + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + + Returns + ------- + y : scalar or array_like + Interpolated values. Shape is determined by replacing + the interpolation axis in the original array with the shape of `x`. + + See Also + -------- + BarycentricInterpolator : Barycentric interpolator + + Notes + ----- + Construction of the interpolation weights is a relatively slow process. + If you want to call this many times with the same xi (but possibly + varying yi or x) you should use the class `BarycentricInterpolator`. + This is what this function uses internally. + + Examples + -------- + We can interpolate 2D observed data using barycentric interpolation: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import barycentric_interpolate + >>> x_observed = np.linspace(0.0, 10.0, 11) + >>> y_observed = np.sin(x_observed) + >>> x = np.linspace(min(x_observed), max(x_observed), num=100) + >>> y = barycentric_interpolate(x_observed, y_observed, x) + >>> plt.plot(x_observed, y_observed, "o", label="observation") + >>> plt.plot(x, y, label="barycentric interpolation") + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + """ + P = BarycentricInterpolator(xi, yi, axis=axis, rng=rng) + if der == 0: + return P(x) + elif _isscalar(der): + return P.derivative(x, der=der) + else: + return P.derivatives(x, der=np.amax(der)+1)[der] diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ppoly.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ppoly.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eaa8ea43fbfc8fe0e545db2acd8ae1952ca61075 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_ppoly.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:70886697c9ae4bf98ed1ef0fe1b7a05b8f241ab72f21b0db4d4e698d5bdf1ec4 +size 200208 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..abc071b64d7faec5714396a8053cf5341d13e4e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbf.py @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ +"""rbf - Radial basis functions for interpolation/smoothing scattered N-D data. + +Written by John Travers , February 2007 +Based closely on Matlab code by Alex Chirokov +Additional, large, improvements by Robert Hetland +Some additional alterations by Travis Oliphant +Interpolation with multi-dimensional target domain by Josua Sassen + +Permission to use, modify, and distribute this software is given under the +terms of the SciPy (BSD style) license. See LICENSE.txt that came with +this distribution for specifics. + +NO WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. + +Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Robert Hetland +Copyright (c) 2007, John Travers + +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are +met: + + * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. + + * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above + copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following + disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided + with the distribution. + + * Neither the name of Robert Hetland nor the names of any + contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived + from this software without specific prior written permission. + +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS +"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT +LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR +A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT +OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, +SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT +LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, +DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY +THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT +(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE +OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +""" +import numpy as np + +from scipy import linalg +from scipy.special import xlogy +from scipy.spatial.distance import cdist, pdist, squareform +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_capabilities + +__all__ = ['Rbf'] + + +@xp_capabilities(out_of_scope=True) +class Rbf: + """ + Rbf(*args, **kwargs) + + Class for radial basis function interpolation of functions from + N-D scattered data to an M-D domain (legacy). + + .. legacy:: class + + `Rbf` is legacy code, for new usage please use `RBFInterpolator` + instead. + + Parameters + ---------- + *args : arrays + x, y, z, ..., d, where x, y, z, ... are the coordinates of the nodes + and d is the array of values at the nodes + function : str or callable, optional + The radial basis function, based on the radius, r, given by the norm + (default is Euclidean distance); the default is 'multiquadric':: + + 'multiquadric': sqrt((r/self.epsilon)**2 + 1) + 'inverse': 1.0/sqrt((r/self.epsilon)**2 + 1) + 'gaussian': exp(-(r/self.epsilon)**2) + 'linear': r + 'cubic': r**3 + 'quintic': r**5 + 'thin_plate': r**2 * log(r) + + If callable, then it must take 2 arguments (self, r). The epsilon + parameter will be available as self.epsilon. Other keyword + arguments passed in will be available as well. + + epsilon : float, optional + Adjustable constant for gaussian or multiquadrics functions + - defaults to approximate average distance between nodes (which is + a good start). + smooth : float, optional + Values greater than zero increase the smoothness of the + approximation. 0 is for interpolation (default), the function will + always go through the nodal points in this case. + norm : str, callable, optional + A function that returns the 'distance' between two points, with + inputs as arrays of positions (x, y, z, ...), and an output as an + array of distance. E.g., the default: 'euclidean', such that the result + is a matrix of the distances from each point in ``x1`` to each point in + ``x2``. For more options, see documentation of + `scipy.spatial.distances.cdist`. + mode : str, optional + Mode of the interpolation, can be '1-D' (default) or 'N-D'. When it is + '1-D' the data `d` will be considered as 1-D and flattened + internally. When it is 'N-D' the data `d` is assumed to be an array of + shape (n_samples, m), where m is the dimension of the target domain. + + + Attributes + ---------- + N : int + The number of data points (as determined by the input arrays). + di : ndarray + The 1-D array of data values at each of the data coordinates `xi`. + xi : ndarray + The 2-D array of data coordinates. + function : str or callable + The radial basis function. See description under Parameters. + epsilon : float + Parameter used by gaussian or multiquadrics functions. See Parameters. + smooth : float + Smoothing parameter. See description under Parameters. + norm : str or callable + The distance function. See description under Parameters. + mode : str + Mode of the interpolation. See description under Parameters. + nodes : ndarray + A 1-D array of node values for the interpolation. + A : internal property, do not use + + See Also + -------- + RBFInterpolator + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import Rbf + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> x, y, z, d = rng.random((4, 50)) + >>> rbfi = Rbf(x, y, z, d) # radial basis function interpolator instance + >>> xi = yi = zi = np.linspace(0, 1, 20) + >>> di = rbfi(xi, yi, zi) # interpolated values + >>> di.shape + (20,) + + """ + # Available radial basis functions that can be selected as strings; + # they all start with _h_ (self._init_function relies on that) + def _h_multiquadric(self, r): + return np.sqrt((1.0/self.epsilon*r)**2 + 1) + + def _h_inverse_multiquadric(self, r): + return 1.0/np.sqrt((1.0/self.epsilon*r)**2 + 1) + + def _h_gaussian(self, r): + return np.exp(-(1.0/self.epsilon*r)**2) + + def _h_linear(self, r): + return r + + def _h_cubic(self, r): + return r**3 + + def _h_quintic(self, r): + return r**5 + + def _h_thin_plate(self, r): + return xlogy(r**2, r) + + # Setup self._function and do smoke test on initial r + def _init_function(self, r): + if isinstance(self.function, str): + self.function = self.function.lower() + _mapped = {'inverse': 'inverse_multiquadric', + 'inverse multiquadric': 'inverse_multiquadric', + 'thin-plate': 'thin_plate'} + if self.function in _mapped: + self.function = _mapped[self.function] + + func_name = "_h_" + self.function + if hasattr(self, func_name): + self._function = getattr(self, func_name) + else: + functionlist = [x[3:] for x in dir(self) + if x.startswith('_h_')] + raise ValueError("function must be a callable or one of " + + ", ".join(functionlist)) + self._function = getattr(self, "_h_"+self.function) + elif callable(self.function): + allow_one = False + if hasattr(self.function, 'func_code') or \ + hasattr(self.function, '__code__'): + val = self.function + allow_one = True + elif hasattr(self.function, "__call__"): + val = self.function.__call__.__func__ + else: + raise ValueError("Cannot determine number of arguments to " + "function") + + argcount = val.__code__.co_argcount + if allow_one and argcount == 1: + self._function = self.function + elif argcount == 2: + self._function = self.function.__get__(self, Rbf) + else: + raise ValueError("Function argument must take 1 or 2 " + "arguments.") + + a0 = self._function(r) + if a0.shape != r.shape: + raise ValueError("Callable must take array and return array of " + "the same shape") + return a0 + + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): + # `args` can be a variable number of arrays; we flatten them and store + # them as a single 2-D array `xi` of shape (n_args-1, array_size), + # plus a 1-D array `di` for the values. + # All arrays must have the same number of elements + self.xi = np.asarray([np.asarray(a, dtype=np.float64).flatten() + for a in args[:-1]]) + self.N = self.xi.shape[-1] + + self.mode = kwargs.pop('mode', '1-D') + + if self.mode == '1-D': + self.di = np.asarray(args[-1]).flatten() + self._target_dim = 1 + elif self.mode == 'N-D': + self.di = np.asarray(args[-1]) + self._target_dim = self.di.shape[-1] + else: + raise ValueError("Mode has to be 1-D or N-D.") + + if not all([x.size == self.di.shape[0] for x in self.xi]): + raise ValueError("All arrays must be equal length.") + + self.norm = kwargs.pop('norm', 'euclidean') + self.epsilon = kwargs.pop('epsilon', None) + if self.epsilon is None: + # default epsilon is the "the average distance between nodes" based + # on a bounding hypercube + ximax = np.amax(self.xi, axis=1) + ximin = np.amin(self.xi, axis=1) + edges = ximax - ximin + edges = edges[np.nonzero(edges)] + self.epsilon = np.power(np.prod(edges)/self.N, 1.0/edges.size) + + self.smooth = kwargs.pop('smooth', 0.0) + self.function = kwargs.pop('function', 'multiquadric') + + # attach anything left in kwargs to self for use by any user-callable + # function or to save on the object returned. + for item, value in kwargs.items(): + setattr(self, item, value) + + # Compute weights + if self._target_dim > 1: # If we have more than one target dimension, + # we first factorize the matrix + self.nodes = np.zeros((self.N, self._target_dim), dtype=self.di.dtype) + lu, piv = linalg.lu_factor(self.A) + for i in range(self._target_dim): + self.nodes[:, i] = linalg.lu_solve((lu, piv), self.di[:, i]) + else: + self.nodes = linalg.solve(self.A, self.di) + + @property + def A(self): + # this only exists for backwards compatibility: self.A was available + # and, at least technically, public. + r = squareform(pdist(self.xi.T, self.norm)) # Pairwise norm + return self._init_function(r) - np.eye(self.N)*self.smooth + + def _call_norm(self, x1, x2): + return cdist(x1.T, x2.T, self.norm) + + def __call__(self, *args): + args = [np.asarray(x) for x in args] + if not all([x.shape == y.shape for x in args for y in args]): + raise ValueError("Array lengths must be equal") + if self._target_dim > 1: + shp = args[0].shape + (self._target_dim,) + else: + shp = args[0].shape + xa = np.asarray([a.flatten() for a in args], dtype=np.float64) + r = self._call_norm(xa, self.xi) + return np.dot(self._function(r), self.nodes).reshape(shp) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f6df4f4dea3b674787d48fd736dd9dc72dc4fc76 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp.py @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ +"""Module for RBF interpolation.""" +import warnings +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np +from scipy.spatial import KDTree + +from . import _rbfinterp_np +from . import _rbfinterp_xp + +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + _asarray, array_namespace, xp_size, is_numpy, xp_capabilities +) +import scipy._lib.array_api_extra as xpx + + +__all__ = ["RBFInterpolator"] + + +# These RBFs are implemented. +_AVAILABLE = { + "linear", + "thin_plate_spline", + "cubic", + "quintic", + "multiquadric", + "inverse_multiquadric", + "inverse_quadratic", + "gaussian" + } + + +# The shape parameter does not need to be specified when using these RBFs. +_SCALE_INVARIANT = {"linear", "thin_plate_spline", "cubic", "quintic"} + + +# For RBFs that are conditionally positive definite of order m, the interpolant +# should include polynomial terms with degree >= m - 1. Define the minimum +# degrees here. These values are from Chapter 8 of Fasshauer's "Meshfree +# Approximation Methods with MATLAB". The RBFs that are not in this dictionary +# are positive definite and do not need polynomial terms. +_NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE = { + "multiquadric": 0, + "linear": 0, + "thin_plate_spline": 1, + "cubic": 1, + "quintic": 2 + } + + +def _get_backend(xp): + if is_numpy(xp): + return _rbfinterp_np + return _rbfinterp_xp + + +extra_note="""Only the default ``neighbors=None`` is Array API compatible. + If a non-default value of ``neighbors`` is given, the behavior is NumPy -only. + +""" + +@xp_capabilities( + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", "linalg.lu is broken; array_api_extra#488"), + ("array_api_strict", "array-api#977, diag, view") + ], + extra_note=extra_note +) +class RBFInterpolator: + """Radial basis function interpolator in N ≥ 1 dimensions. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : (npoints, ndims) array_like + 2-D array of data point coordinates. + d : (npoints, ...) array_like + N-D array of data values at `y`. The length of `d` along the first + axis must be equal to the length of `y`. Unlike some interpolators, the + interpolation axis cannot be changed. + neighbors : int, optional + If specified, the value of the interpolant at each evaluation point + will be computed using only this many nearest data points. All the data + points are used by default. + smoothing : float or (npoints, ) array_like, optional + Smoothing parameter. The interpolant perfectly fits the data when this + is set to 0. For large values, the interpolant approaches a least + squares fit of a polynomial with the specified degree. Default is 0. + kernel : str, optional + Type of RBF. This should be one of + + - 'linear' : ``-r`` + - 'thin_plate_spline' : ``r**2 * log(r)`` + - 'cubic' : ``r**3`` + - 'quintic' : ``-r**5`` + - 'multiquadric' : ``-sqrt(1 + r**2)`` + - 'inverse_multiquadric' : ``1/sqrt(1 + r**2)`` + - 'inverse_quadratic' : ``1/(1 + r**2)`` + - 'gaussian' : ``exp(-r**2)`` + + Default is 'thin_plate_spline'. + epsilon : float, optional + Shape parameter that scales the input to the RBF. If `kernel` is + 'linear', 'thin_plate_spline', 'cubic', or 'quintic', this defaults to + 1 and can be ignored because it has the same effect as scaling the + smoothing parameter. Otherwise, this must be specified. + degree : int, optional + Degree of the added polynomial. For some RBFs the interpolant may not + be well-posed if the polynomial degree is too small. Those RBFs and + their corresponding minimum degrees are + + - 'multiquadric' : 0 + - 'linear' : 0 + - 'thin_plate_spline' : 1 + - 'cubic' : 1 + - 'quintic' : 2 + + The default value is the minimum degree for `kernel` or 0 if there is + no minimum degree. Set this to -1 for no added polynomial. + + Notes + ----- + An RBF is a scalar valued function in N-dimensional space whose value at + :math:`x` can be expressed in terms of :math:`r=||x - c||`, where :math:`c` + is the center of the RBF. + + An RBF interpolant for the vector of data values :math:`d`, which are from + locations :math:`y`, is a linear combination of RBFs centered at :math:`y` + plus a polynomial with a specified degree. The RBF interpolant is written + as + + .. math:: + f(x) = K(x, y) a + P(x) b, + + where :math:`K(x, y)` is a matrix of RBFs with centers at :math:`y` + evaluated at the points :math:`x`, and :math:`P(x)` is a matrix of + monomials, which span polynomials with the specified degree, evaluated at + :math:`x`. The coefficients :math:`a` and :math:`b` are the solution to the + linear equations + + .. math:: + (K(x, y) + \\lambda I) a + P(y) b = d + + and + + .. math:: + P(y)^T a = 0, + + where :math:`\\lambda` is a non-negative smoothing parameter that controls + how well we want to fit the data. The data are fit exactly when the + smoothing parameter is 0. + + The above system is uniquely solvable if the following requirements are + met: + + - :math:`P(y)` must have full column rank. :math:`P(y)` always has full + column rank when `degree` is -1 or 0. When `degree` is 1, + :math:`P(y)` has full column rank if the data point locations are not + all collinear (N=2), coplanar (N=3), etc. + - If `kernel` is 'multiquadric', 'linear', 'thin_plate_spline', + 'cubic', or 'quintic', then `degree` must not be lower than the + minimum value listed above. + - If `smoothing` is 0, then each data point location must be distinct. + + When using an RBF that is not scale invariant ('multiquadric', + 'inverse_multiquadric', 'inverse_quadratic', or 'gaussian'), an appropriate + shape parameter must be chosen (e.g., through cross validation). Smaller + values for the shape parameter correspond to wider RBFs. The problem can + become ill-conditioned or singular when the shape parameter is too small. + + The memory required to solve for the RBF interpolation coefficients + increases quadratically with the number of data points, which can become + impractical when interpolating more than about a thousand data points. + To overcome memory limitations for large interpolation problems, the + `neighbors` argument can be specified to compute an RBF interpolant for + each evaluation point using only the nearest data points. + + .. versionadded:: 1.7.0 + + See Also + -------- + NearestNDInterpolator + LinearNDInterpolator + CloughTocher2DInterpolator + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Fasshauer, G., 2007. Meshfree Approximation Methods with Matlab. + World Scientific Publishing Co. + + .. [2] http://amadeus.math.iit.edu/~fass/603_ch3.pdf + + .. [3] Wahba, G., 1990. Spline Models for Observational Data. SIAM. + + .. [4] http://pages.stat.wisc.edu/~wahba/stat860public/lect/lect8/lect8.pdf + + Examples + -------- + Demonstrate interpolating scattered data to a grid in 2-D. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RBFInterpolator + >>> from scipy.stats.qmc import Halton + + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> xobs = 2*Halton(2, seed=rng).random(100) - 1 + >>> yobs = np.sum(xobs, axis=1)*np.exp(-6*np.sum(xobs**2, axis=1)) + + >>> x1 = np.linspace(-1, 1, 50) + >>> xgrid = np.asarray(np.meshgrid(x1, x1, indexing='ij')) + >>> xflat = xgrid.reshape(2, -1).T # make it a 2-D array + >>> yflat = RBFInterpolator(xobs, yobs)(xflat) + >>> ygrid = yflat.reshape(50, 50) + + >>> fig, ax = plt.subplots() + >>> ax.pcolormesh(*xgrid, ygrid, vmin=-0.25, vmax=0.25, shading='gouraud') + >>> p = ax.scatter(*xobs.T, c=yobs, s=50, ec='k', vmin=-0.25, vmax=0.25) + >>> fig.colorbar(p) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, y, d, + neighbors=None, + smoothing=0.0, + kernel="thin_plate_spline", + epsilon=None, + degree=None): + xp = array_namespace(y, d, smoothing) + _backend = _get_backend(xp) + + if neighbors is not None: + if not is_numpy(xp): + raise NotImplementedError( + "neighbors not None is numpy-only because it relies on KDTree" + ) + + y = _asarray(y, dtype=xp.float64, order="C", xp=xp) + if y.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError("`y` must be a 2-dimensional array.") + + ny, ndim = y.shape + + d = xp.asarray(d) + if xp.isdtype(d.dtype, 'complex floating'): + d_dtype = xp.complex128 + else: + d_dtype = xp.float64 + d = _asarray(d, dtype=d_dtype, order="C", xp=xp) + + if d.shape[0] != ny: + raise ValueError( + f"Expected the first axis of `d` to have length {ny}." + ) + + d_shape = d.shape[1:] + d = xp.reshape(d, (ny, -1)) + # If `d` is complex, convert it to a float array with twice as many + # columns. Otherwise, the LHS matrix would need to be converted to + # complex and take up 2x more memory than necessary. + d = d.view(float) # NB not Array API compliant (and jax copies) + + if isinstance(smoothing, int | float) or smoothing.shape == (): + smoothing = xp.full(ny, smoothing, dtype=xp.float64) + else: + smoothing = _asarray(smoothing, dtype=float, order="C", xp=xp) + if smoothing.shape != (ny,): + raise ValueError( + "Expected `smoothing` to be a scalar or have shape " + f"({ny},)." + ) + + kernel = kernel.lower() + if kernel not in _AVAILABLE: + raise ValueError(f"`kernel` must be one of {_AVAILABLE}.") + + if epsilon is None: + if kernel in _SCALE_INVARIANT: + epsilon = 1.0 + else: + raise ValueError( + "`epsilon` must be specified if `kernel` is not one of " + f"{_SCALE_INVARIANT}." + ) + else: + epsilon = float(epsilon) + + min_degree = _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE.get(kernel, -1) + if degree is None: + degree = max(min_degree, 0) + else: + degree = int(degree) + if degree < -1: + raise ValueError("`degree` must be at least -1.") + elif -1 < degree < min_degree: + warnings.warn( + f"`degree` should not be below {min_degree} except -1 " + f"when `kernel` is '{kernel}'." + f"The interpolant may not be uniquely " + f"solvable, and the smoothing parameter may have an " + f"unintuitive effect.", + UserWarning, stacklevel=2 + ) + + if neighbors is None: + nobs = ny + else: + # Make sure the number of nearest neighbors used for interpolation + # does not exceed the number of observations. + neighbors = int(min(neighbors, ny)) + nobs = neighbors + + powers = _backend._monomial_powers(ndim, degree, xp) + # The polynomial matrix must have full column rank in order for the + # interpolant to be well-posed, which is not possible if there are + # fewer observations than monomials. + if powers.shape[0] > nobs: + raise ValueError( + f"At least {powers.shape[0]} data points are required when " + f"`degree` is {degree} and the number of dimensions is {ndim}." + ) + + if neighbors is None: + shift, scale, coeffs = _backend._build_and_solve_system( + y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, + xp + ) + + # Make these attributes private since they do not always exist. + self._shift = shift + self._scale = scale + self._coeffs = coeffs + + else: + self._tree = KDTree(y) + + self.y = y + self.d = d + self.d_shape = d_shape + self.d_dtype = d_dtype + self.neighbors = neighbors + self.smoothing = smoothing + self.kernel = kernel + self.epsilon = epsilon + self.powers = powers + self._xp = xp + + def __setstate__(self, state): + tpl1, tpl2 = state + (self.y, self.d, self.d_shape, self.d_dtype, self.neighbors, + self.smoothing, self.kernel, self.epsilon, self.powers) = tpl1 + + if self.neighbors is None: + self._shift, self._scale, self._coeffs = tpl2 + else: + self._tree, = tpl2 + + self._xp = array_namespace(self.y, self.d, self.smoothing) + + def __getstate__(self): + tpl = (self.y, self.d, self.d_shape, self.d_dtype, self.neighbors, + self.smoothing, self.kernel, self.epsilon, self.powers + ) + + if self.neighbors is None: + tpl2 = (self._shift, self._scale, self._coeffs) + else: + tpl2 = (self._tree,) + + return (tpl, tpl2) + + def _chunk_evaluator( + self, + x, + y, + shift, + scale, + coeffs, + memory_budget=1000000 + ): + """ + Evaluate the interpolation while controlling memory consumption. + We chunk the input if we need more memory than specified. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (Q, N) float ndarray + array of points on which to evaluate + y: (P, N) float ndarray + array of points on which we know function values + shift: (N, ) ndarray + Domain shift used to create the polynomial matrix. + scale : (N,) float ndarray + Domain scaling used to create the polynomial matrix. + coeffs: (P+R, S) float ndarray + Coefficients in front of basis functions + memory_budget: int + Total amount of memory (in units of sizeof(float)) we wish + to devote for storing the array of coefficients for + interpolated points. If we need more memory than that, we + chunk the input. + + Returns + ------- + (Q, S) float ndarray + Interpolated array + """ + _backend = _get_backend(self._xp) + + nx, ndim = x.shape + if self.neighbors is None: + nnei = y.shape[0] + else: + nnei = self.neighbors + # in each chunk we consume the same space we already occupy + chunksize = memory_budget // (self.powers.shape[0] + nnei) + 1 + if chunksize <= nx: + out = self._xp.empty((nx, self.d.shape[1]), dtype=self._xp.float64) + for i in range(0, nx, chunksize): + chunk = _backend.compute_interpolation( + x[i:i + chunksize, :], + y, + self.kernel, + self.epsilon, + self.powers, + shift, + scale, + coeffs, + self._xp + ) + out = xpx.at(out, (slice(i, i + chunksize), slice(None,))).set(chunk) + else: + out = _backend.compute_interpolation( + x, + y, + self.kernel, + self.epsilon, + self.powers, + shift, + scale, + coeffs, + self._xp + ) + return out + + def __call__(self, x): + """Evaluate the interpolant at `x`. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (npts, ndim) array_like + Evaluation point coordinates. + + Returns + ------- + ndarray, shape (npts, ) + Values of the interpolant at `x`. + + """ + x = _asarray(x, dtype=self._xp.float64, order="C", xp=self._xp) + if x.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError("`x` must be a 2-dimensional array.") + + nx, ndim = x.shape + if ndim != self.y.shape[1]: + raise ValueError("Expected the second axis of `x` to have length " + f"{self.y.shape[1]}.") + + # Our memory budget for storing RBF coefficients is + # based on how many floats in memory we already occupy + # If this number is below 1e6 we just use 1e6 + # This memory budget is used to decide how we chunk + # the inputs + memory_budget = max(xp_size(x) + xp_size(self.y) + xp_size(self.d), 1_000_000) + + if self.neighbors is None: + out = self._chunk_evaluator( + x, + self.y, + self._shift, + self._scale, + self._coeffs, + memory_budget=memory_budget) + else: + # XXX: this relies on KDTree, hence is numpy-only until KDTree is converted + _build_and_solve_system = _get_backend(np)._build_and_solve_system + + # Get the indices of the k nearest observation points to each + # evaluation point. + _, yindices = self._tree.query(x, self.neighbors) + if self.neighbors == 1: + # `KDTree` squeezes the output when neighbors=1. + yindices = yindices[:, None] + + # Multiple evaluation points may have the same neighborhood of + # observation points. Make the neighborhoods unique so that we only + # compute the interpolation coefficients once for each + # neighborhood. + yindices = np.sort(yindices, axis=1) + yindices, inv = np.unique(yindices, return_inverse=True, axis=0) + inv = np.reshape(inv, (-1,)) # flatten, we need 1-D indices + # `inv` tells us which neighborhood will be used by each evaluation + # point. Now we find which evaluation points will be using each + # neighborhood. + xindices = [[] for _ in range(len(yindices))] + for i, j in enumerate(inv): + xindices[j].append(i) + + out = np.empty((nx, self.d.shape[1]), dtype=float) + for xidx, yidx in zip(xindices, yindices): + # `yidx` are the indices of the observations in this + # neighborhood. `xidx` are the indices of the evaluation points + # that are using this neighborhood. + xnbr = x[xidx] + ynbr = self.y[yidx] + dnbr = self.d[yidx] + snbr = self.smoothing[yidx] + shift, scale, coeffs = _build_and_solve_system( + ynbr, + dnbr, + snbr, + self.kernel, + self.epsilon, + self.powers, + np + ) + out[xidx] = self._chunk_evaluator( + xnbr, + ynbr, + shift, + scale, + coeffs, + memory_budget=memory_budget) + + out = out.view(self.d_dtype) # NB not Array API compliant (and jax copies) + out = self._xp.reshape(out, (nx, ) + self.d_shape) + return out diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_common.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_common.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..528fe7a97187d1f46557833bfa218bab245b7251 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_common.py @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +# Impl routines common for all backends +from itertools import combinations_with_replacement +from math import comb + +def _monomial_powers_impl(ndim, degree): + """Return the powers for each monomial in a polynomial. + + Parameters + ---------- + ndim : int + Number of variables in the polynomial. + degree : int + Degree of the polynomial. + + Returns + ------- + (nmonos, ndim) int ndarray + Array where each row contains the powers for each variable in a + monomial. + + """ + nmonos = comb(degree + ndim, ndim) + out = [[0]*ndim for _ in range(nmonos)] + count = 0 + for deg in range(degree + 1): + for mono in combinations_with_replacement(range(ndim), deg): + # `mono` is a tuple of variables in the current monomial with + # multiplicity indicating power (e.g., (0, 1, 1) represents x*y**2) + for var in mono: + out[count][var] += 1 + count += 1 + return out diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_np.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_np.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b94f03718e6a2d96c8ac6d423a9c4a627f473379 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_np.py @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import LinAlgError +from scipy.linalg.lapack import dgesv # type: ignore[attr-defined] +from ._rbfinterp_common import _monomial_powers_impl + +from ._rbfinterp_pythran import ( + _build_system as _pythran_build_system, + _build_evaluation_coefficients as _pythran_build_evaluation_coefficients, + _polynomial_matrix as _pythran_polynomial_matrix +) + + +# trampolines for pythran-compiled functions to drop the `xp` argument +def _build_evaluation_coefficients( + x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, xp +): + return _pythran_build_evaluation_coefficients( + x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale + ) + +def polynomial_matrix(x, powers, xp): + return _pythran_polynomial_matrix(x, powers) + + +def _monomial_powers(ndim, degree, xp): + out = _monomial_powers_impl(ndim, degree) + out = np.asarray(out, dtype=np.int64) + if len(out) == 0: + out = out.reshape(0, ndim) + return out + + +def _build_system(y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp): + return _pythran_build_system(y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers) + + +def _build_and_solve_system(y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp): + """Build and solve the RBF interpolation system of equations. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : (P, N) float ndarray + Data point coordinates. + d : (P, S) float ndarray + Data values at `y`. + smoothing : (P,) float ndarray + Smoothing parameter for each data point. + kernel : str + Name of the RBF. + epsilon : float + Shape parameter. + powers : (R, N) int ndarray + The exponents for each monomial in the polynomial. + + Returns + ------- + coeffs : (P + R, S) float ndarray + Coefficients for each RBF and monomial. + shift : (N,) float ndarray + Domain shift used to create the polynomial matrix. + scale : (N,) float ndarray + Domain scaling used to create the polynomial matrix. + + """ + lhs, rhs, shift, scale = _build_system( + y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp + ) + _, _, coeffs, info = dgesv(lhs, rhs, overwrite_a=True, overwrite_b=True) + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f"The {-info}-th argument had an illegal value.") + elif info > 0: + msg = "Singular matrix." + nmonos = powers.shape[0] + if nmonos > 0: + pmat = polynomial_matrix((y - shift)/scale, powers, xp) + rank = np.linalg.matrix_rank(pmat) + if rank < nmonos: + msg = ( + "Singular matrix. The matrix of monomials evaluated at " + "the data point coordinates does not have full column " + f"rank ({rank}/{nmonos})." + ) + + raise LinAlgError(msg) + + return shift, scale, coeffs + +def compute_interpolation(x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, coeffs, xp): + vec = _build_evaluation_coefficients( + x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, xp + ) + return vec @ coeffs diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..775f7b58d66da7815829d5691e17f77946637393 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:ad815f4b0cdd0155b0aa708f3309403945c20d67c1fc978b6f77d2ac35fb67fa +size 303000 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_xp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_xp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..57cf3da5d967c5b2eafaddacca5a039580ac55d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rbfinterp_xp.py @@ -0,0 +1,266 @@ +""" +'Generic' Array API backend for RBF interpolation. + +The general logic is this: `_rbfinterp.py` implements the user API and calls +into either `_rbfinterp_np` (the "numpy backend"), or `_rbfinterp_xp` (the +"generic backend". + +The numpy backend offloads performance-critical computations to the +pythran-compiled `_rbfinterp_pythran` extension. This way, the call chain is + + _rbfinterp.py <-- _rbfinterp_np.py <-- _rbfinterp_pythran.py + +The "generic" backend here is a drop-in replacement of the API of +`_rbfinterp_np.py` for use in `_rbfinterp.py` with non-numpy arrays. + +The implementation closely follows `_rbfinterp_np + _rbfinterp_pythran`, with +the following differences: + + - We used vectorized code not explicit loops in `_build_system` and + `_build_evaluation_coefficients`; this is more torch/jax friendly; + - RBF kernels are also "vectorized" and not scalar: they receive an + array of norms not a single norm; + - RBF kernels accept an extra xp= argument; + +In general, we would prefer less code duplication. The main blocker ATM is +that pythran cannot compile functions with an xp= argument where xp is numpy. +""" +from numpy.linalg import LinAlgError +from ._rbfinterp_common import _monomial_powers_impl + + +def _monomial_powers(ndim, degree, xp): + out = _monomial_powers_impl(ndim, degree) + out = xp.asarray(out) + if out.shape[0] == 0: + out = xp.reshape(out, (0, ndim)) + return out + + +def _build_and_solve_system(y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp): + """Build and solve the RBF interpolation system of equations. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : (P, N) float ndarray + Data point coordinates. + d : (P, S) float ndarray + Data values at `y`. + smoothing : (P,) float ndarray + Smoothing parameter for each data point. + kernel : str + Name of the RBF. + epsilon : float + Shape parameter. + powers : (R, N) int ndarray + The exponents for each monomial in the polynomial. + + Returns + ------- + coeffs : (P + R, S) float ndarray + Coefficients for each RBF and monomial. + shift : (N,) float ndarray + Domain shift used to create the polynomial matrix. + scale : (N,) float ndarray + Domain scaling used to create the polynomial matrix. + + """ + lhs, rhs, shift, scale = _build_system( + y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp + ) + try: + coeffs = xp.linalg.solve(lhs, rhs) + except Exception: + # Best-effort attempt to emit a helpful message. + # `_rbfinterp_np` backend gives better diagnostics; it is hard to + # match it in a backend-agnostic way: e.g. jax emits no error at all, + # and instead returns an array of nans for a singular `lhs`. + msg = "Singular matrix" + nmonos = powers.shape[0] + if nmonos > 0: + pmat = polynomial_matrix((y - shift)/scale, powers, xp=xp) + rank = xp.linalg.matrix_rank(pmat) + if rank < nmonos: + msg = ( + "Singular matrix. The matrix of monomials evaluated at " + "the data point coordinates does not have full column " + f"rank ({rank}/{nmonos})." + ) + raise LinAlgError(msg) + + return shift, scale, coeffs + + +def linear(r, xp): + return -r + + +def thin_plate_spline(r, xp): + # NB: changed w.r.t. pythran, vectorized + return xp.where(r == 0, 0, r**2 * xp.log(r)) + + +def cubic(r, xp): + return r**3 + + +def quintic(r, xp): + return -r**5 + + +def multiquadric(r, xp): + return -xp.sqrt(r**2 + 1) + + +def inverse_multiquadric(r, xp): + return 1.0 / xp.sqrt(r**2 + 1.0) + + +def inverse_quadratic(r, xp): + return 1.0 / (r**2 + 1.0) + + +def gaussian(r, xp): + return xp.exp(-r**2) + + +NAME_TO_FUNC = { + "linear": linear, + "thin_plate_spline": thin_plate_spline, + "cubic": cubic, + "quintic": quintic, + "multiquadric": multiquadric, + "inverse_multiquadric": inverse_multiquadric, + "inverse_quadratic": inverse_quadratic, + "gaussian": gaussian + } + + +def kernel_matrix(x, kernel_func, xp): + """Evaluate RBFs, with centers at `x`, at `x`.""" + return kernel_func( + xp.linalg.vector_norm(x[None, :, :] - x[:, None, :], axis=-1), xp + ) + + +def polynomial_matrix(x, powers, xp): + """Evaluate monomials, with exponents from `powers`, at `x`.""" + return xp.prod(x[:, None, :] ** powers, axis=-1) + + +def _build_system(y, d, smoothing, kernel, epsilon, powers, xp): + """Build the system used to solve for the RBF interpolant coefficients. + + Parameters + ---------- + y : (P, N) float ndarray + Data point coordinates. + d : (P, S) float ndarray + Data values at `y`. + smoothing : (P,) float ndarray + Smoothing parameter for each data point. + kernel : str + Name of the RBF. + epsilon : float + Shape parameter. + powers : (R, N) int ndarray + The exponents for each monomial in the polynomial. + + Returns + ------- + lhs : (P + R, P + R) float ndarray + Left-hand side matrix. + rhs : (P + R, S) float ndarray + Right-hand side matrix. + shift : (N,) float ndarray + Domain shift used to create the polynomial matrix. + scale : (N,) float ndarray + Domain scaling used to create the polynomial matrix. + + """ + s = d.shape[1] + r = powers.shape[0] + kernel_func = NAME_TO_FUNC[kernel] + + # Shift and scale the polynomial domain to be between -1 and 1 + mins = xp.min(y, axis=0) + maxs = xp.max(y, axis=0) + shift = (maxs + mins)/2 + scale = (maxs - mins)/2 + # The scale may be zero if there is a single point or all the points have + # the same value for some dimension. Avoid division by zero by replacing + # zeros with ones. + scale = xp.where(scale == 0.0, 1.0, scale) + + yeps = y*epsilon + yhat = (y - shift)/scale + + out_kernels = kernel_matrix(yeps, kernel_func, xp) + out_poly = polynomial_matrix(yhat, powers, xp) + + lhs = xp.concat( + [ + xp.concat((out_kernels, out_poly), axis=1), + xp.concat((out_poly.T, xp.zeros((r, r))), axis=1) + ] + , axis=0) + xp.diag(xp.concat([smoothing, xp.zeros(r)])) + + rhs = xp.concat([d, xp.zeros((r, s))], axis=0) + + return lhs, rhs, shift, scale + + +def _build_evaluation_coefficients( + x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, xp +): + """Construct the coefficients needed to evaluate + the RBF. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : (Q, N) float ndarray + Evaluation point coordinates. + y : (P, N) float ndarray + Data point coordinates. + kernel : str + Name of the RBF. + epsilon : float + Shape parameter. + powers : (R, N) int ndarray + The exponents for each monomial in the polynomial. + shift : (N,) float ndarray + Shifts the polynomial domain for numerical stability. + scale : (N,) float ndarray + Scales the polynomial domain for numerical stability. + + Returns + ------- + (Q, P + R) float ndarray + + """ + kernel_func = NAME_TO_FUNC[kernel] + + yeps = y*epsilon + xeps = x*epsilon + xhat = (x - shift)/scale + + # NB: changed w.r.t. pythran + vec = xp.concat( + [ + kernel_func( + xp.linalg.vector_norm( + xeps[:, None, :] - yeps[None, :, :], axis=-1 + ), xp + ), + xp.prod(xhat[:, None, :] ** powers, axis=-1) + ], axis=-1 + ) + + return vec + + +def compute_interpolation(x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, coeffs, xp): + vec = _build_evaluation_coefficients( + x, y, kernel, epsilon, powers, shift, scale, xp + ) + return vec @ coeffs diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4dbb83423c935f3f04642e2ec9c20ef071d95c4a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi.py @@ -0,0 +1,812 @@ +__all__ = ['RegularGridInterpolator', 'interpn'] + +import itertools +from types import GenericAlias + +import numpy as np + +import scipy.sparse.linalg as ssl +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_capabilities +from scipy._lib.array_api_compat import is_array_api_obj + +from ._interpnd import _ndim_coords_from_arrays +from ._cubic import PchipInterpolator +from ._rgi_cython import evaluate_linear_2d, find_indices +from ._bsplines import make_interp_spline +from ._fitpack2 import RectBivariateSpline +from ._ndbspline import make_ndbspl + + +def _check_points(points): + descending_dimensions = [] + grid = [] + for i, p in enumerate(points): + # early make points float + # see https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/17230 + p = np.asarray(p, dtype=float) + if not np.all(p[1:] > p[:-1]): + if np.all(p[1:] < p[:-1]): + # input is descending, so make it ascending + descending_dimensions.append(i) + p = np.flip(p) + else: + raise ValueError( + f"The points in dimension {i} must be strictly ascending or " + f"descending" + ) + # see https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17716 + p = np.ascontiguousarray(p) + grid.append(p) + return tuple(grid), tuple(descending_dimensions) + + +def _check_dimensionality(points, values): + if len(points) > values.ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"There are {len(points)} point arrays, but values has " + f"{values.ndim} dimensions" + ) + for i, p in enumerate(points): + if not np.asarray(p).ndim == 1: + raise ValueError(f"The points in dimension {i} must be 1-dimensional") + if not values.shape[i] == len(p): + raise ValueError( + f"There are {len(p)} points and {values.shape[i]} values in " + f"dimension {i}" + ) + + +@xp_capabilities( + cpu_only=True, jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[ + ("dask.array", + "https://github.com/data-apis/array-api-extra/issues/488") + ] +) +class RegularGridInterpolator: + """Interpolator of specified order on a rectilinear grid in N ≥ 1 dimensions. + + The data must be defined on a rectilinear grid; that is, a rectangular + grid with even or uneven spacing. Linear, nearest-neighbor, spline + interpolations are supported. After setting up the interpolator object, + the interpolation method may be chosen at each evaluation. + + Parameters + ---------- + points : tuple of ndarray of float, with shapes (m1, ), ..., (mn, ) + The points defining the regular grid in n dimensions. The points in + each dimension (i.e. every elements of the points tuple) must be + strictly ascending or descending. + + values : array_like, shape (m1, ..., mn, ...) + The data on the regular grid in n dimensions. Complex data is + accepted. + + method : str, optional + The method of interpolation to perform. Supported are "linear", + "nearest", "slinear", "cubic", "quintic" and "pchip". This + parameter will become the default for the object's ``__call__`` + method. Default is "linear". + + bounds_error : bool, optional + If True, when interpolated values are requested outside of the + domain of the input data, a ValueError is raised. + If False, then `fill_value` is used. + Default is True. + + fill_value : float or None, optional + The value to use for points outside of the interpolation domain. + If None, values outside the domain are extrapolated. + Default is ``np.nan``. + + solver : callable, optional + Only used for methods "slinear", "cubic" and "quintic". + Sparse linear algebra solver for construction of the NdBSpline instance. + Default is the iterative solver `scipy.sparse.linalg.gcrotmk`. + + .. versionadded:: 1.13 + + solver_args: dict, optional + Additional arguments to pass to `solver`, if any. + + .. versionadded:: 1.13 + + Methods + ------- + __call__ + + Attributes + ---------- + grid : tuple of ndarrays + The points defining the regular grid in n dimensions. + This tuple defines the full grid via + ``np.meshgrid(*grid, indexing='ij')`` + values : ndarray + Data values at the grid. + method : str + Interpolation method. + fill_value : float or ``None`` + Use this value for out-of-bounds arguments to `__call__`. + bounds_error : bool + If ``True``, out-of-bounds argument raise a ``ValueError``. + + Notes + ----- + Contrary to `LinearNDInterpolator` and `NearestNDInterpolator`, this class + avoids expensive triangulation of the input data by taking advantage of the + regular grid structure. + + In other words, this class assumes that the data is defined on a + *rectilinear* grid. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14 + + The 'slinear'(k=1), 'cubic'(k=3), and 'quintic'(k=5) methods are + tensor-product spline interpolators, where `k` is the spline degree, + If any dimension has fewer points than `k` + 1, an error will be raised. + + .. versionadded:: 1.9 + + If the input data is such that dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolating. + + **Choosing a solver for spline methods** + + Spline methods, "slinear", "cubic" and "quintic" involve solving a + large sparse linear system at instantiation time. Depending on data, + the default solver may or may not be adequate. When it is not, you may + need to experiment with an optional `solver` argument, where you may + choose between the direct solver (`scipy.sparse.linalg.spsolve`) or + iterative solvers from `scipy.sparse.linalg`. You may need to supply + additional parameters via the optional `solver_args` parameter (for instance, + you may supply the starting value or target tolerance). See the + `scipy.sparse.linalg` documentation for the full list of available options. + + Alternatively, you may instead use the legacy methods, "slinear_legacy", + "cubic_legacy" and "quintic_legacy". These methods allow faster construction + but evaluations will be much slower. + + **Rounding rule at half points with `nearest` method** + + The rounding rule with the `nearest` method at half points is rounding *down*. + + + Examples + -------- + **Evaluate a function on the points of a 3-D grid** + + As a first example, we evaluate a simple example function on the points of + a 3-D grid: + + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RegularGridInterpolator + >>> import numpy as np + >>> def f(x, y, z): + ... return 2 * x**3 + 3 * y**2 - z + >>> x = np.linspace(1, 4, 11) + >>> y = np.linspace(4, 7, 22) + >>> z = np.linspace(7, 9, 33) + >>> xg, yg ,zg = np.meshgrid(x, y, z, indexing='ij', sparse=True) + >>> data = f(xg, yg, zg) + + ``data`` is now a 3-D array with ``data[i, j, k] = f(x[i], y[j], z[k])``. + Next, define an interpolating function from this data: + + >>> interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y, z), data) + + Evaluate the interpolating function at the two points + ``(x,y,z) = (2.1, 6.2, 8.3)`` and ``(3.3, 5.2, 7.1)``: + + >>> pts = np.array([[2.1, 6.2, 8.3], + ... [3.3, 5.2, 7.1]]) + >>> interp(pts) + array([ 125.80469388, 146.30069388]) + + which is indeed a close approximation to + + >>> f(2.1, 6.2, 8.3), f(3.3, 5.2, 7.1) + (125.54200000000002, 145.894) + + **Interpolate and extrapolate a 2D dataset** + + As a second example, we interpolate and extrapolate a 2D data set: + + >>> x, y = np.array([-2, 0, 4]), np.array([-2, 0, 2, 5]) + >>> def ff(x, y): + ... return x**2 + y**2 + + >>> xg, yg = np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij') + >>> data = ff(xg, yg) + >>> interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, + ... bounds_error=False, fill_value=None) + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> fig = plt.figure() + >>> ax = fig.add_subplot(projection='3d') + >>> ax.scatter(xg.ravel(), yg.ravel(), data.ravel(), + ... s=60, c='k', label='data') + + Evaluate and plot the interpolator on a finer grid + + >>> xx = np.linspace(-4, 9, 31) + >>> yy = np.linspace(-4, 9, 31) + >>> X, Y = np.meshgrid(xx, yy, indexing='ij') + + >>> # interpolator + >>> ax.plot_wireframe(X, Y, interp((X, Y)), rstride=3, cstride=3, + ... alpha=0.4, color='m', label='linear interp') + + >>> # ground truth + >>> ax.plot_wireframe(X, Y, ff(X, Y), rstride=3, cstride=3, + ... alpha=0.4, label='ground truth') + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.show() + + Other examples are given + :ref:`in the tutorial `. + + See Also + -------- + NearestNDInterpolator : Nearest neighbor interpolator on *unstructured* + data in N dimensions + + LinearNDInterpolator : Piecewise linear interpolator on *unstructured* data + in N dimensions + + interpn : a convenience function which wraps `RegularGridInterpolator` + + scipy.ndimage.map_coordinates : interpolation on grids with equal spacing + (suitable for e.g., N-D image resampling) + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Python package *regulargrid* by Johannes Buchner, see + https://pypi.python.org/pypi/regulargrid/ + .. [2] Wikipedia, "Trilinear interpolation", + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilinear_interpolation + .. [3] Weiser, Alan, and Sergio E. Zarantonello. "A note on piecewise linear + and multilinear table interpolation in many dimensions." MATH. + COMPUT. 50.181 (1988): 189-196. + https://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/1988-50-181/S0025-5718-1988-0917826-0/S0025-5718-1988-0917826-0.pdf + :doi:`10.1090/S0025-5718-1988-0917826-0` + + """ + # this class is based on code originally programmed by Johannes Buchner, + # see https://github.com/JohannesBuchner/regulargrid + + _SPLINE_DEGREE_MAP = {"slinear": 1, "cubic": 3, "quintic": 5, 'pchip': 3, + "slinear_legacy": 1, "cubic_legacy": 3, "quintic_legacy": 5,} + _SPLINE_METHODS_recursive = {"slinear_legacy", "cubic_legacy", + "quintic_legacy", "pchip"} + _SPLINE_METHODS_ndbspl = {"slinear", "cubic", "quintic"} + _SPLINE_METHODS = list(_SPLINE_DEGREE_MAP.keys()) + _ALL_METHODS = ["linear", "nearest"] + _SPLINE_METHODS + + # generic type compatibility with scipy-stubs + __class_getitem__ = classmethod(GenericAlias) + + def __init__(self, points, values, method="linear", bounds_error=True, + fill_value=np.nan, *, solver=None, solver_args=None): + if method not in self._ALL_METHODS: + raise ValueError(f"Method '{method}' is not defined") + elif method in self._SPLINE_METHODS: + self._validate_grid_dimensions(points, method) # NB: uses np.atleast_1d + + try: + xp = array_namespace(*points, values) + except Exception as e: + # either "duck-type" values or a user error? + xp = array_namespace(*points) # still forbid mixed namespaces in `points` + try: + xp_v = array_namespace(values) + except Exception: + # "duck-type" values indeed, continue with `xp` as the namespace + pass + else: + # both `points` and `values` are array API objects, check consistency + if xp_v != xp: + raise e + + self._asarray = xp.asarray + self.method = method + self._spline = None + self.bounds_error = bounds_error + self._grid, self._descending_dimensions = _check_points(points) + self._values = self._check_values(values) + self._check_dimensionality(self._grid, self._values) + self.fill_value = self._check_fill_value(self._values, fill_value) + if self._descending_dimensions: + self._values = np.flip(values, axis=self._descending_dimensions) + if self.method == "pchip" and np.iscomplexobj(self._values): + msg = ("`PchipInterpolator` only works with real values. If you are trying " + "to use the real components of the passed array, use `np.real` on " + "the array before passing to `RegularGridInterpolator`.") + raise ValueError(msg) + if method in self._SPLINE_METHODS_ndbspl: + if solver_args is None: + solver_args = {} + self._spline = self._construct_spline(method, solver, **solver_args) + else: + if solver is not None or solver_args: + raise ValueError( + f"{method =} does not accept the 'solver' argument. Got " + f" {solver = } and with arguments {solver_args}." + ) + + def _construct_spline(self, method, solver=None, **solver_args): + if solver is None: + solver = ssl.gcrotmk + spl = make_ndbspl( + self._grid, self._values, self._SPLINE_DEGREE_MAP[method], + solver=solver, **solver_args + ) + return spl + + def _check_dimensionality(self, grid, values): + _check_dimensionality(grid, values) + + def _check_points(self, points): + return _check_points(points) + + def _check_values(self, values): + if is_array_api_obj(values): + values = np.asarray(values) + + if not hasattr(values, 'ndim'): + # allow reasonable duck-typed values + values = np.asarray(values) + + if hasattr(values, 'dtype') and hasattr(values, 'astype'): + if not np.issubdtype(values.dtype, np.inexact): + values = values.astype(float) + + return values + + def _check_fill_value(self, values, fill_value): + if fill_value is not None: + fill_value_dtype = np.asarray(fill_value).dtype + if (hasattr(values, 'dtype') and not + np.can_cast(fill_value_dtype, values.dtype, + casting='same_kind')): + raise ValueError("fill_value must be either 'None' or " + "of a type compatible with values") + return fill_value + + def __call__(self, xi, method=None, *, nu=None): + """ + Interpolation at coordinates. + + Parameters + ---------- + xi : ndarray of shape (..., ndim) + The coordinates to evaluate the interpolator at. + + method : str, optional + The method of interpolation to perform. Supported are "linear", + "nearest", "slinear", "cubic", "quintic" and "pchip". Default is + the method chosen when the interpolator was created. + + nu : sequence of ints, length ndim, optional + If not None, the orders of the derivatives to evaluate. + Each entry must be non-negative. + Only allowed for methods "slinear", "cubic" and "quintic". + + .. versionadded:: 1.13 + + Returns + ------- + values_x : ndarray, shape xi.shape[:-1] + values.shape[ndim:] + Interpolated values at `xi`. See notes for behaviour when + ``xi.ndim == 1``. + + Notes + ----- + In the case that ``xi.ndim == 1`` a new axis is inserted into + the 0 position of the returned array, values_x, so its shape is + instead ``(1,) + values.shape[ndim:]``. + + Examples + -------- + Here we define a nearest-neighbor interpolator of a simple function + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> x, y = np.array([0, 1, 2]), np.array([1, 3, 7]) + >>> def f(x, y): + ... return x**2 + y**2 + >>> data = f(*np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij', sparse=True)) + >>> from scipy.interpolate import RegularGridInterpolator + >>> interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, method='nearest') + + By construction, the interpolator uses the nearest-neighbor + interpolation + + >>> interp([[1.5, 1.3], [0.3, 4.5]]) + array([2., 9.]) + + We can however evaluate the linear interpolant by overriding the + `method` parameter + + >>> interp([[1.5, 1.3], [0.3, 4.5]], method='linear') + array([ 4.7, 24.3]) + """ + _spline = self._spline + method = self.method if method is None else method + is_method_changed = self.method != method + if method not in self._ALL_METHODS: + raise ValueError(f"Method '{method}' is not defined") + if is_method_changed and method in self._SPLINE_METHODS_ndbspl: + _spline = self._construct_spline(method) + + if nu is not None and method not in self._SPLINE_METHODS_ndbspl: + raise ValueError( + f"Can only compute derivatives for methods " + f"{self._SPLINE_METHODS_ndbspl}, got {method =}." + ) + + xi, xi_shape, ndim, nans, out_of_bounds = self._prepare_xi(xi) + + if method == "linear": + indices, norm_distances = self._find_indices(xi.T) + if (ndim == 2 and hasattr(self._values, 'dtype') and + self._values.ndim == 2 and self._values.flags.writeable and + self._values.dtype in (np.float64, np.complex128) and + self._values.dtype.byteorder == '='): + # until cython supports const fused types, the fast path + # cannot support non-writeable values + # a fast path + out = np.empty(indices.shape[1], dtype=self._values.dtype) + result = evaluate_linear_2d(self._values, + indices, + norm_distances, + self._grid, + out) + else: + result = self._evaluate_linear(indices, norm_distances) + elif method == "nearest": + indices, norm_distances = self._find_indices(xi.T) + result = self._evaluate_nearest(indices, norm_distances) + elif method in self._SPLINE_METHODS: + if is_method_changed: + self._validate_grid_dimensions(self._grid, method) + if method in self._SPLINE_METHODS_recursive: + result = self._evaluate_spline(xi, method) + else: + result = _spline(xi, nu=nu) + + if not self.bounds_error and self.fill_value is not None: + result[out_of_bounds] = self.fill_value + + # f(nan) = nan, if any + if np.any(nans): + result[nans] = np.nan + return self._asarray(result.reshape(xi_shape[:-1] + self._values.shape[ndim:])) + + @property + def grid(self): + return tuple(self._asarray(p) for p in self._grid) + + @property + def values(self): + return self._asarray(self._values) + + def _prepare_xi(self, xi): + ndim = len(self._grid) + xi = _ndim_coords_from_arrays(xi, ndim=ndim) + if xi.shape[-1] != ndim: + raise ValueError("The requested sample points xi have dimension " + f"{xi.shape[-1]} but this " + f"RegularGridInterpolator has dimension {ndim}") + + xi_shape = xi.shape + xi = xi.reshape(-1, xi_shape[-1]) + xi = np.asarray(xi, dtype=float) + + # find nans in input + nans = np.any(np.isnan(xi), axis=-1) + + if self.bounds_error: + for i, p in enumerate(xi.T): + if not np.logical_and(np.all(self._grid[i][0] <= p), + np.all(p <= self._grid[i][-1])): + raise ValueError( + f"One of the requested xi is out of bounds in dimension {i}" + ) + out_of_bounds = None + else: + out_of_bounds = self._find_out_of_bounds(xi.T) + + return xi, xi_shape, ndim, nans, out_of_bounds + + def _evaluate_linear(self, indices, norm_distances): + # slice for broadcasting over trailing dimensions in self._values + vslice = (slice(None),) + (None,)*(self._values.ndim - len(indices)) + + # Compute shifting up front before zipping everything together + shift_norm_distances = [1 - yi for yi in norm_distances] + shift_indices = [i + 1 for i in indices] + + # The formula for linear interpolation in 2d takes the form: + # values = self._values[(i0, i1)] * (1 - y0) * (1 - y1) + \ + # self._values[(i0, i1 + 1)] * (1 - y0) * y1 + \ + # self._values[(i0 + 1, i1)] * y0 * (1 - y1) + \ + # self._values[(i0 + 1, i1 + 1)] * y0 * y1 + # We pair i with 1 - yi (zipped1) and i + 1 with yi (zipped2) + zipped1 = zip(indices, shift_norm_distances) + zipped2 = zip(shift_indices, norm_distances) + + # Take all products of zipped1 and zipped2 and iterate over them + # to get the terms in the above formula. This corresponds to iterating + # over the vertices of a hypercube. + hypercube = itertools.product(*zip(zipped1, zipped2)) + value = np.array([0.]) + for h in hypercube: + edge_indices, weights = zip(*h) + weight = np.array([1.]) + for w in weights: + weight = weight * w + term = np.asarray(self._values[edge_indices]) * weight[vslice] + value = value + term # cannot use += because broadcasting + return value + + def _evaluate_nearest(self, indices, norm_distances): + idx_res = [np.where(yi <= .5, i, i + 1) + for i, yi in zip(indices, norm_distances)] + return self._values[tuple(idx_res)] + + def _validate_grid_dimensions(self, points, method): + k = self._SPLINE_DEGREE_MAP[method] + for i, point in enumerate(points): + ndim = len(np.atleast_1d(point)) + if ndim <= k: + raise ValueError(f"There are {ndim} points in dimension {i}," + f" but method {method} requires at least " + f" {k+1} points per dimension.") + + def _evaluate_spline(self, xi, method): + # ensure xi is 2D list of points to evaluate (`m` is the number of + # points and `n` is the number of interpolation dimensions, + # ``n == len(self._grid)``.) + if xi.ndim == 1: + xi = xi.reshape((1, xi.size)) + m, n = xi.shape + + # Reorder the axes: n-dimensional process iterates over the + # interpolation axes from the last axis downwards: E.g. for a 4D grid + # the order of axes is 3, 2, 1, 0. Each 1D interpolation works along + # the 0th axis of its argument array (for 1D routine it's its ``y`` + # array). Thus permute the interpolation axes of `values` *and keep + # trailing dimensions trailing*. + axes = tuple(range(self._values.ndim)) + axx = axes[:n][::-1] + axes[n:] + values = self._values.transpose(axx) + + if method == 'pchip': + _eval_func = self._do_pchip + else: + _eval_func = self._do_spline_fit + k = self._SPLINE_DEGREE_MAP[method] + + # Non-stationary procedure: difficult to vectorize this part entirely + # into numpy-level operations. Unfortunately this requires explicit + # looping over each point in xi. + + # can at least vectorize the first pass across all points in the + # last variable of xi. + last_dim = n - 1 + first_values = _eval_func(self._grid[last_dim], + values, + xi[:, last_dim], + k) + + # the rest of the dimensions have to be on a per point-in-xi basis + shape = (m, *self._values.shape[n:]) + result = np.empty(shape, dtype=self._values.dtype) + for j in range(m): + # Main process: Apply 1D interpolate in each dimension + # sequentially, starting with the last dimension. + # These are then "folded" into the next dimension in-place. + folded_values = first_values[j, ...] + for i in range(last_dim-1, -1, -1): + # Interpolate for each 1D from the last dimensions. + # This collapses each 1D sequence into a scalar. + folded_values = _eval_func(self._grid[i], + folded_values, + xi[j, i], + k) + result[j, ...] = folded_values + + return result + + @staticmethod + def _do_spline_fit(x, y, pt, k): + local_interp = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, axis=0) + values = local_interp(pt) + return values + + @staticmethod + def _do_pchip(x, y, pt, k): + local_interp = PchipInterpolator(x, y, axis=0) + values = local_interp(pt) + return values + + def _find_indices(self, xi): + return find_indices(self._grid, xi) + + def _find_out_of_bounds(self, xi): + # check for out of bounds xi + out_of_bounds = np.zeros((xi.shape[1]), dtype=bool) + # iterate through dimensions + for x, grid in zip(xi, self._grid): + out_of_bounds += x < grid[0] + out_of_bounds += x > grid[-1] + return out_of_bounds + + +def interpn(points, values, xi, method="linear", bounds_error=True, + fill_value=np.nan): + """ + Multidimensional interpolation on regular or rectilinear grids. + + Strictly speaking, not all regular grids are supported - this function + works on *rectilinear* grids, that is, a rectangular grid with even or + uneven spacing. + + Parameters + ---------- + points : tuple of ndarray of float, with shapes (m1, ), ..., (mn, ) + The points defining the regular grid in n dimensions. The points in + each dimension (i.e. every elements of the points tuple) must be + strictly ascending or descending. + + values : array_like, shape (m1, ..., mn, ...) + The data on the regular grid in n dimensions. Complex data is + accepted. + xi : ndarray of shape (..., ndim) + The coordinates to sample the gridded data at + + method : str, optional + The method of interpolation to perform. Supported are "linear", + "nearest", "slinear", "cubic", "quintic", "pchip", and "splinef2d". + "splinef2d" is only supported for 2-dimensional data. + + bounds_error : bool, optional + If True, when interpolated values are requested outside of the + domain of the input data, a ValueError is raised. + If False, then `fill_value` is used. + + fill_value : number, optional + If provided, the value to use for points outside of the + interpolation domain. If None, values outside + the domain are extrapolated. Extrapolation is not supported by method + "splinef2d". + + Returns + ------- + values_x : ndarray, shape xi.shape[:-1] + values.shape[ndim:] + Interpolated values at `xi`. See notes for behaviour when + ``xi.ndim == 1``. + + See Also + -------- + NearestNDInterpolator : Nearest neighbor interpolation on unstructured + data in N dimensions + LinearNDInterpolator : Piecewise linear interpolant on unstructured data + in N dimensions + RegularGridInterpolator : interpolation on a regular or rectilinear grid + in arbitrary dimensions (`interpn` wraps this + class). + RectBivariateSpline : Bivariate spline approximation over a rectangular mesh + scipy.ndimage.map_coordinates : interpolation on grids with equal spacing + (suitable for e.g., N-D image resampling) + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.14 + + In the case that ``xi.ndim == 1`` a new axis is inserted into + the 0 position of the returned array, values_x, so its shape is + instead ``(1,) + values.shape[ndim:]``. + + If the input data is such that input dimensions have incommensurate + units and differ by many orders of magnitude, the interpolant may have + numerical artifacts. Consider rescaling the data before interpolation. + + Examples + -------- + Evaluate a simple example function on the points of a regular 3-D grid: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.interpolate import interpn + >>> def value_func_3d(x, y, z): + ... return 2 * x + 3 * y - z + >>> x = np.linspace(0, 4, 5) + >>> y = np.linspace(0, 5, 6) + >>> z = np.linspace(0, 6, 7) + >>> points = (x, y, z) + >>> values = value_func_3d(*np.meshgrid(*points, indexing='ij')) + + Evaluate the interpolating function at a point + + >>> point = np.array([2.21, 3.12, 1.15]) + >>> print(interpn(points, values, point)) + [12.63] + + Compare with value at point by function + + >>> value_func_3d(*point) + 12.63 # up to rounding + + Since the function is linear, the interpolation is exact using linear method. + + """ + # sanity check 'method' kwarg + if method not in ["linear", "nearest", "cubic", "quintic", "pchip", + "splinef2d", "slinear", + "slinear_legacy", "cubic_legacy", "quintic_legacy"]: + raise ValueError("interpn only understands the methods 'linear', " + "'nearest', 'slinear', 'cubic', 'quintic', 'pchip', " + f"and 'splinef2d'. You provided {method}.") + + if not hasattr(values, 'ndim'): + values = np.asarray(values) + + ndim = values.ndim + if ndim > 2 and method == "splinef2d": + raise ValueError("The method splinef2d can only be used for " + "2-dimensional input data") + if not bounds_error and fill_value is None and method == "splinef2d": + raise ValueError("The method splinef2d does not support extrapolation.") + + # sanity check consistency of input dimensions + if len(points) > ndim: + raise ValueError( + f"There are {len(points)} point arrays, but values has {ndim} dimensions" + ) + if len(points) != ndim and method == 'splinef2d': + raise ValueError("The method splinef2d can only be used for " + "scalar data with one point per coordinate") + + grid, descending_dimensions = _check_points(points) + _check_dimensionality(grid, values) + + # sanity check requested xi + xi = _ndim_coords_from_arrays(xi, ndim=len(grid)) + if xi.shape[-1] != len(grid): + raise ValueError( + f"The requested sample points xi have dimension {xi.shape[-1]}, " + f"but this RegularGridInterpolator has dimension {len(grid)}" + ) + + if bounds_error: + for i, p in enumerate(xi.T): + if not np.logical_and(np.all(grid[i][0] <= p), + np.all(p <= grid[i][-1])): + raise ValueError( + f"One of the requested xi is out of bounds in dimension {i}" + ) + + # perform interpolation + if method in RegularGridInterpolator._ALL_METHODS: + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method, + bounds_error=bounds_error, + fill_value=fill_value) + return interp(xi) + elif method == "splinef2d": + xi_shape = xi.shape + xi = xi.reshape(-1, xi.shape[-1]) + + # RectBivariateSpline doesn't support fill_value; we need to wrap here + idx_valid = np.all((grid[0][0] <= xi[:, 0], xi[:, 0] <= grid[0][-1], + grid[1][0] <= xi[:, 1], xi[:, 1] <= grid[1][-1]), + axis=0) + result = np.empty_like(xi[:, 0]) + + # make a copy of values for RectBivariateSpline + interp = RectBivariateSpline(points[0], points[1], values[:]) + result[idx_valid] = interp.ev(xi[idx_valid, 0], xi[idx_valid, 1]) + result[np.logical_not(idx_valid)] = fill_value + + return result.reshape(xi_shape[:-1]) + else: + raise ValueError(f"unknown {method = }") diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00f09bb875000ddc2848daa74b0de71b20d9276d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/_rgi_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:9f3ab295016122d01c5909b0f846b79d501b5aeb9acd593ceb11d4e0b9cc3eba +size 116240 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/dfitpack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/dfitpack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..71b4407257b499f79c4a0bd13a1d12bf55d9e44d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/dfitpack.py @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'spalde', + 'splder', + 'splev', + 'splint', + 'sproot', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="dfitpack", + private_modules=["_dfitpack"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6490c93fe02b4c665b032d09e2ad3c269e1f7970 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack.py @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'BSpline', + 'bisplev', + 'bisplrep', + 'insert', + 'spalde', + 'splantider', + 'splder', + 'splev', + 'splint', + 'splprep', + 'splrep', + 'sproot', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="fitpack", + private_modules=["_fitpack_py"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack2.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f993961f94d913d632aa3d2cc7b1348659a6a613 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/fitpack2.py @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'BivariateSpline', + 'InterpolatedUnivariateSpline', + 'LSQBivariateSpline', + 'LSQSphereBivariateSpline', + 'LSQUnivariateSpline', + 'RectBivariateSpline', + 'RectSphereBivariateSpline', + 'SmoothBivariateSpline', + 'SmoothSphereBivariateSpline', + 'UnivariateSpline', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="fitpack2", + private_modules=["_fitpack2"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpnd.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpnd.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..36bfa6b9f5669803b016a0471e327bc87e546733 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpnd.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'CloughTocher2DInterpolator', + 'LinearNDInterpolator', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="interpnd", + private_modules=["_interpnd"], all=__all__, + attribute=name, dep_version="1.17.0") diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpolate.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpolate.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..341d13954c81130cceb8afe070db023a82550e7a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/interpolate.py @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'BPoly', + 'BSpline', + 'NdPPoly', + 'PPoly', + 'RectBivariateSpline', + 'RegularGridInterpolator', + 'interp1d', + 'interp2d', + 'interpn', + 'lagrange', + 'make_interp_spline', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="interpolate", + private_modules=["_interpolate", "fitpack2", "_rgi"], + all=__all__, attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/ndgriddata.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/ndgriddata.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..20373eaaedaa1cdec6c7a4bc12639d9658bfa85b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/ndgriddata.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'CloughTocher2DInterpolator', + 'LinearNDInterpolator', + 'NearestNDInterpolator', + 'griddata', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="ndgriddata", + private_modules=["_ndgriddata"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/polyint.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/polyint.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e81306304abffb313ab5abe09116a162642a9d67 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/polyint.py @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'BarycentricInterpolator', + 'KroghInterpolator', + 'approximate_taylor_polynomial', + 'barycentric_interpolate', + 'krogh_interpolate', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="polyint", + private_modules=["_polyint"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/rbf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/rbf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..772752ef536f4a3b47fb6f9b5d250c5d7f198d85 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/rbf.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.interpolate` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = ["Rbf"] # noqa: F822 + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="interpolate", module="rbf", + private_modules=["_rbf"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/.___init__.py new 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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/data/gcvspl.npz new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..50e9348dcca79eae861e67092add93cdb8ff1ca3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/data/gcvspl.npz @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:03ce8155a6cba0c1bf0a2441a10c228191f916dec36cb820723429811296bba8 +size 3138 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bary_rational.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bary_rational.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3baeaf1903ea4785934f5998745bb9ba701c8aa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bary_rational.py @@ -0,0 +1,411 @@ +# Copyright (c) 2017, The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University +# of Oxford, and the Chebfun Developers. All rights reserved. +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: +# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +# * Neither the name of the University of Oxford nor the names of its +# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from +# this software without specific prior written permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND +# ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE +# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR +# ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES +# (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; +# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND +# ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT +# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS +# SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + +from math import factorial + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose, assert_equal, assert_array_less +import pytest +import scipy +from scipy.interpolate import AAA, FloaterHormannInterpolator, BarycentricInterpolator + +TOL = 1e4 * np.finfo(np.float64).eps +UNIT_INTERVAL = np.linspace(-1, 1, num=1000) +PTS = np.logspace(-15, 0, base=10, num=500) +PTS = np.concatenate([-PTS[::-1], [0], PTS]) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [AAA, FloaterHormannInterpolator]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128]) +def test_dtype_preservation(method, dtype): + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps ** 0.75 * 100 + if method is FloaterHormannInterpolator: + rtol *= 100 + rng = np.random.default_rng(59846294526092468) + + z = np.linspace(-1, 1, dtype=dtype) + r = method(z, np.sin(z)) + + z2 = rng.uniform(-1, 1, size=100).astype(dtype) + assert_allclose(r(z2), np.sin(z2), rtol=rtol) + assert r(z2).dtype == dtype + + if method is AAA: + assert r.support_points.dtype == dtype + assert r.support_values.dtype == dtype + assert r.errors.dtype == z.real.dtype + assert r.weights.dtype == dtype + assert r.poles().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + assert r.residues().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + assert r.roots().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [AAA, FloaterHormannInterpolator]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.int16, np.int32, np.int64]) +def test_integer_promotion(method, dtype): + z = np.arange(10, dtype=dtype) + r = method(z, z) + assert r.weights.dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1.0) + if method is AAA: + assert r.support_points.dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1.0) + assert r.support_values.dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1.0) + assert r.errors.dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1.0) + assert r.poles().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + assert r.residues().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + assert r.roots().dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1j) + + assert r(z).dtype == np.result_type(dtype, 1.0) + + +class TestAAA: + def test_input_validation(self): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`x` be of size 2 but got size 1."): + AAA([0], [1, 1]) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="1-D"): + AAA([[0], [0]], [[1], [1]]) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="finite"): + AAA([np.inf], [1]) + with pytest.raises(TypeError): + AAA([1], [1], max_terms=1.0) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="greater"): + AAA([1], [1], max_terms=-1) + + def test_convergence_error(self): + with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning, match="AAA failed"): + AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, np.exp(UNIT_INTERVAL), max_terms=1) + + # The following tests are based on: + # https://github.com/chebfun/chebfun/blob/master/tests/chebfun/test_aaa.m + def test_exp(self): + f = np.exp(UNIT_INTERVAL) + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f) + + assert_allclose(r(UNIT_INTERVAL), f, atol=TOL) + assert_equal(r(np.nan), np.nan) + assert np.isfinite(r(np.inf)) + + m1 = r.support_points.size + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f, rtol=1e-3) + assert r.support_points.size < m1 + + def test_tan(self): + f = np.tan(np.pi * UNIT_INTERVAL) + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f) + + assert_allclose(r(UNIT_INTERVAL), f, atol=10 * TOL, rtol=1.4e-7) + assert_allclose(np.min(np.abs(r.roots())), 0, atol=3e-10) + assert_allclose(np.min(np.abs(r.poles() - 0.5)), 0, atol=TOL) + # Test for spurious poles (poles with tiny residue are likely spurious) + assert np.min(np.abs(r.residues())) > 1e-13 + + def test_short_cases(self): + # Computed using Chebfun: + # >> format long + # >> [r, pol, res, zer, zj, fj, wj, errvec] = aaa([1 2], [0 1]) + z = np.array([0, 1]) + f = np.array([1, 2]) + r = AAA(z, f, rtol=1e-13) + assert_allclose(r(z), f, atol=TOL) + assert_allclose(r.poles(), 0.5) + assert_allclose(r.residues(), 0.25) + assert_allclose(r.roots(), 1/3) + assert_equal(r.support_points, z) + assert_equal(r.support_values, f) + assert_allclose(r.weights, [0.707106781186547, 0.707106781186547]) + assert_equal(r.errors, [1, 0]) + + # >> format long + # >> [r, pol, res, zer, zj, fj, wj, errvec] = aaa([1 0 0], [0 1 2]) + z = np.array([0, 1, 2]) + f = np.array([1, 0, 0]) + r = AAA(z, f, rtol=1e-13) + assert_allclose(r(z), f, atol=TOL) + assert_allclose(np.sort(r.poles()), + np.sort([1.577350269189626, 0.422649730810374])) + assert_allclose(np.sort(r.residues()), + np.sort([-0.070441621801729, -0.262891711531604])) + assert_allclose(np.sort(r.roots()), np.sort([2, 1])) + assert_equal(r.support_points, z) + assert_equal(r.support_values, f) + assert_allclose(r.weights, [0.577350269189626, 0.577350269189626, + 0.577350269189626]) + assert_equal(r.errors, [1, 1, 0]) + + def test_scale_invariance(self): + z = np.linspace(0.3, 1.5) + f = np.exp(z) / (1 + 1j) + r1 = AAA(z, f) + r2 = AAA(z, (2**311 * f).astype(np.complex128)) + r3 = AAA(z, (2**-311 * f).astype(np.complex128)) + assert_equal(r1(0.2j), 2**-311 * r2(0.2j)) + assert_equal(r1(1.4), 2**311 * r3(1.4)) + + def test_log_func(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1749382759832758297) + z = rng.standard_normal(10000) + 3j * rng.standard_normal(10000) + + def f(z): + return np.log(5 - z) / (1 + z**2) + + r = AAA(z, f(z)) + assert_allclose(r(0), f(0), atol=TOL) + + def test_infinite_data(self): + z = np.linspace(-1, 1) + r = AAA(z, scipy.special.gamma(z)) + assert_allclose(r(0.63), scipy.special.gamma(0.63), atol=1e-15) + + def test_nan(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 20) + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + f = np.sin(x) / x + r = AAA(x, f) + assert_allclose(r(2), np.sin(2) / 2, atol=1e-15) + + def test_residues(self): + x = np.linspace(-1.337, 2, num=537) + r = AAA(x, np.exp(x) / x) + ii = np.flatnonzero(np.abs(r.poles()) < 1e-8) + assert_allclose(r.residues()[ii], 1, atol=1e-15) + + r = AAA(x, (1 + 1j) * scipy.special.gamma(x)) + ii = np.flatnonzero(abs(r.poles() - (-1)) < 1e-8) + assert_allclose(r.residues()[ii], -1 - 1j, atol=1e-15) + + # The following tests are based on: + # https://github.com/complexvariables/RationalFunctionApproximation.jl/blob/main/test/interval.jl + @pytest.mark.parametrize("func,atol,rtol", + [(lambda x: np.abs(x + 0.5 + 0.01j), 5e-13, 1e-7), + (lambda x: np.sin(1/(1.05 - x)), 2e-13, 1e-7), + (lambda x: np.exp(-1/(x**2)), 3.5e-11, 0), + (lambda x: np.exp(-100*x**2), 2e-12, 0), + (lambda x: np.exp(-10/(1.2 - x)), 1e-14, 0), + (lambda x: 1/(1+np.exp(100*(x + 0.5))), 2e-13, 1e-7), + (lambda x: np.abs(x - 0.95), 1e-6, 1e-7)]) + def test_basic_functions(self, func, atol, rtol): + with np.errstate(divide="ignore"): + f = func(PTS) + assert_allclose(AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, func(UNIT_INTERVAL))(PTS), + f, atol=atol, rtol=rtol) + + def test_poles_zeros_residues(self): + def f(z): + return (z+1) * (z+2) / ((z+3) * (z+4)) + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f(UNIT_INTERVAL)) + assert_allclose(np.sum(r.poles() + r.roots()), -10, atol=1e-12) + + def f(z): + return 2/(3 + z) + 5/(z - 2j) + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f(UNIT_INTERVAL)) + assert_allclose(r.residues().prod(), 10, atol=1e-8) + + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, np.sin(10*np.pi*UNIT_INTERVAL)) + assert_allclose(np.sort(np.abs(r.roots()))[18], 0.9, atol=1e-12) + + def f(z): + return (z - (3 + 3j))/(z + 2) + r = AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, f(UNIT_INTERVAL)) + assert_allclose(r.poles()[0]*r.roots()[0], -6-6j, atol=1e-12) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("func", + [lambda z: np.zeros_like(z), lambda z: z, lambda z: 1j*z, + lambda z: z**2 + z, lambda z: z**3 + z, + lambda z: 1/(1.1 + z), lambda z: 1/(1 + 1j*z), + lambda z: 1/(3 + z + z**2), lambda z: 1/(1.01 + z**3)]) + def test_polynomials_and_reciprocals(self, func): + assert_allclose(AAA(UNIT_INTERVAL, func(UNIT_INTERVAL))(PTS), + func(PTS), atol=2e-13) + + # The following tests are taken from: + # https://github.com/macd/BaryRational.jl/blob/main/test/test_aaa.jl + def test_spiral(self): + z = np.exp(np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5 + 15j*np.pi, num=1000)) + r = AAA(z, np.tan(np.pi*z/2)) + assert_allclose(np.sort(np.abs(r.poles()))[:4], [1, 1, 3, 3], rtol=9e-7) + + def test_spiral_cleanup(self): + z = np.exp(np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5 + 15j*np.pi, num=1000)) + # here we set `rtol=0` to force froissart doublets, without cleanup there + # are many spurious poles + with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning): + r = AAA(z, np.tan(np.pi*z/2), rtol=0, max_terms=60, clean_up=False) + n_spurious = np.sum(np.abs(r.residues()) < 1e-14) + with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning): + assert r.clean_up() >= 1 + # check there are less potentially spurious poles than before + assert np.sum(np.abs(r.residues()) < 1e-14) < n_spurious + # check accuracy + assert_allclose(r(z), np.tan(np.pi*z/2), atol=6e-12, rtol=3e-12) + + def test_diag_scaling(self): + # fails without diag scaling + z = np.logspace(-15, 0, 300) + f = np.sqrt(z) + r = AAA(z, f) + + zz = np.logspace(-15, 0, 500) + assert_allclose(r(zz), np.sqrt(zz), rtol=9e-6) + + +class BatchFloaterHormann: + # FloaterHormann class with reference batch behaviour + def __init__(self, x, y, axis): + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, -1) + self._batch_shape = y.shape[:-1] + self._interps = [FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, yi,) + for yi in y.reshape(-1, y.shape[-1])] + self._axis = axis + + def __call__(self, x): + y = [interp(x) for interp in self._interps] + y = np.reshape(y, self._batch_shape + x.shape) + return np.moveaxis(y, -1, self._axis) if x.shape else y + + +class TestFloaterHormann: + def runge(self, z): + return 1/(1 + z**2) + + def scale(self, n, d): + return (-1)**(np.arange(n) + d) * factorial(d) + + def test_iv(self): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`x`"): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([[0]], [0], d=0) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`y`"): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([0], 0, d=0) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`x` be of size 2 but got size 1."): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([0], [[1, 1], [1, 1]], d=0) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="finite"): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([np.inf], [1], d=0) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`d`"): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([0], [0], d=-1) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="`d`"): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([0], [0], d=10) + with pytest.raises(TypeError): + FloaterHormannInterpolator([0], [0], d=0.0) + + # reference values from Floater and Hormann 2007 page 8. + @pytest.mark.parametrize("d,expected", [ + (0, [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]), + (1, [1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1]), + (2, [1, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 1]), + (3, [1, 4, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 4, 1]), + (4, [1, 5, 11, 15, 16, 16, 16, 15, 11, 5, 1]) + ]) + def test_uniform_grid(self, d, expected): + # Check against explicit results on an uniform grid + x = np.arange(11) + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, 0.0*x, d=d) + assert_allclose(r.weights.ravel()*self.scale(x.size, d), expected, + rtol=1e-15, atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("d", range(10)) + def test_runge(self, d): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 51) + rng = np.random.default_rng(802754237598370893) + xx = rng.uniform(0, 1, size=1000) + y = self.runge(x) + h = x[1] - x[0] + + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, y, d=d) + + tol = 10*h**(d+1) + assert_allclose(r(xx), self.runge(xx), atol=1e-10, rtol=tol) + # check interpolation property + assert_equal(r(x), self.runge(x)) + + def test_complex(self): + x = np.linspace(-1, 1) + z = x + x*1j + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(z, np.sin(z), d=12) + xx = np.linspace(-1, 1, num=1000) + zz = xx + xx*1j + assert_allclose(r(zz), np.sin(zz), rtol=1e-12) + + def test_polyinterp(self): + # check that when d=n-1 FH gives a polynomial interpolant + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 1001) + y = np.sin(x) + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, y, d=x.size-1) + p = BarycentricInterpolator(x, y) + assert_allclose(r(xx), p(xx), rtol=1e-12, atol=1e-12) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("y_shape", [(2,), (2, 3, 1), (1, 5, 6, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("xx_shape", [(100), (10, 10)]) + def test_trailing_dim(self, y_shape, xx_shape): + x = np.linspace(0, 1) + y = np.broadcast_to( + np.expand_dims(np.sin(x), tuple(range(1, len(y_shape) + 1))), + x.shape + y_shape + ) + + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, y) + + rng = np.random.default_rng(897138947238097528091759187597) + xx = rng.random(xx_shape) + yy = np.broadcast_to( + np.expand_dims(np.sin(xx), tuple(range(xx.ndim, len(y_shape) + xx.ndim))), + xx.shape + y_shape + ) + rr = r(xx) + assert rr.shape == xx.shape + y_shape + assert_allclose(rr, yy, rtol=1e-6) + + + def test_zeros(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 10, num=100) + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, np.sin(np.pi*x)) + + err = np.abs(np.subtract.outer(r.roots(), np.arange(11))).min(axis=0) + assert_array_less(err, 1e-5) + + def test_no_poles(self): + x = np.linspace(-1, 1) + r = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, 1/x**2) + p = r.poles() + mask = (p.real >= -1) & (p.real <= 1) & (np.abs(p.imag) < 1.e-12) + assert np.sum(mask) == 0 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('eval_shape', [(), (1,), (3,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', [-1, 0, 1]) + def test_batch(self, eval_shape, axis): + rng = np.random.default_rng(4329872134985134) + n = 10 + shape = (2, 3, 4, n) + domain = (0, 10) + + x = np.linspace(*domain, n) + y = np.moveaxis(rng.random(shape), -1, axis) + + res = FloaterHormannInterpolator(x, y, axis=axis) + ref = BatchFloaterHormann(x, y, axis=axis) + + x = rng.uniform(*domain, size=eval_shape) + assert_allclose(res(x), ref(x)) + + pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, res.roots) + pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, res.residues) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bsplines.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bsplines.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a055d6cfec33389631131aa6910398907580eda5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_bsplines.py @@ -0,0 +1,4330 @@ +import os +import operator +import itertools +import math +import cmath +import threading +import copy +import warnings +import sys + +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, xp_default_dtype, concat_1d, make_xp_test_case, + xp_ravel +) +import scipy._lib.array_api_extra as xpx +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest + +from scipy.interpolate import ( + BSpline, BPoly, PPoly, make_interp_spline, make_lsq_spline, + splev, splrep, splprep, splder, splantider, sproot, splint, insert, + CubicSpline, NdBSpline, make_smoothing_spline, RegularGridInterpolator, +) +import scipy.linalg as sl +import scipy.sparse.linalg as ssl + +from scipy.interpolate._bsplines import (_not_a_knot, _augknt, + _woodbury_algorithm, _periodic_knots, + _make_interp_per_full_matr) +from scipy.interpolate._fitpack_repro import Fperiodic, root_rati + +from scipy.interpolate import generate_knots, make_splrep, make_splprep + +import scipy.interpolate._fitpack_impl as _impl +from scipy._lib._util import AxisError +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + +# XXX: move to the interpolate namespace +from scipy.interpolate._ndbspline import make_ndbspl + +from scipy.interpolate import _dfitpack as dfitpack +from scipy.interpolate import _bsplines as _b +from scipy.interpolate import _dierckx + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends + + +@make_xp_test_case(BSpline) +class TestBSpline: + + def test_ctor(self, xp): + # knots should be an ordered 1-D array of finite real numbers + assert_raises((TypeError, ValueError), BSpline, + **dict(t=[1, 1.j], c=[1.], k=0)) + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, **dict(t=[1, np.nan], c=[1.], k=0)) + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, **dict(t=[1, np.inf], c=[1.], k=0)) + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, **dict(t=[1, -1], c=[1.], k=0)) + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, **dict(t=[[1], [1]], c=[1.], k=0)) + + # for n+k+1 knots and degree k need at least n coefficients + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, **dict(t=[0, 1, 2], c=[1], k=0)) + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, + **dict(t=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], c=[1., 1.], k=2)) + + # non-integer orders + assert_raises(TypeError, BSpline, + **dict(t=[0., 0., 1., 2., 3., 4.], c=[1., 1., 1.], k="cubic")) + assert_raises(TypeError, BSpline, + **dict(t=[0., 0., 1., 2., 3., 4.], c=[1., 1., 1.], k=2.5)) + + # basic interval cannot have measure zero (here: [1..1]) + assert_raises(ValueError, BSpline, + **dict(t=[0., 0, 1, 1, 2, 3], c=[1., 1, 1], k=2)) + + # tck vs self.tck + n, k = 11, 3 + t = xp.arange(n+k+1, dtype=xp.float64) + c = xp.asarray(np.random.random(n)) + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + + xp_assert_close(t, b.t) + xp_assert_close(c, b.c) + assert k == b.k + + def test_tck(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + tck = b.tck + + xp_assert_close(b.t, tck[0], atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(b.c, tck[1], atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + assert b.k == tck[2] + + # b.tck is read-only + with pytest.raises(AttributeError): + b.tck = 'foo' + + def test_call_namespace(self, xp): + # similar to test_degree_0 below, only parametrized with xp + # (test_degree_0 tests array-like inputs, which resolve to numpy) + b = BSpline(t=xp.asarray([0, 1., 2]), c=xp.asarray([3., 4]), k=0) + xx = xp.linspace(0, 2, 10) + + expected = xp.where(xx < 1., xp.asarray(3., dtype=xp.float64), 4.0) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), expected) + + def test_degree_0(self): + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + + b = BSpline(t=[0, 1], c=[3.], k=0) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), np.ones_like(xx) * 3.0) + + b = BSpline(t=[0, 0.35, 1], c=[3, 4], k=0) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), np.where(xx < 0.35, 3.0, 4.0)) + + def test_degree_1(self, xp): + t = xp.asarray([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) + c = xp.asarray([1.0, 2, 3]) + k = 1 + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + + x = xp.linspace(1.0, 3.0, 50, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close( + b(x), + c[0]*B_012(x, xp=xp) + c[1]*B_012(x-1, xp=xp) + c[2]*B_012(x-2, xp=xp), + atol=1e-14 + ) + x_np, t_np, c_np = map(np.asarray, (x, t, c)) + splev_result = splev(x_np, (t_np, c_np, k)) + xp_assert_close(b(x), xp.asarray(splev_result), atol=1e-14) + + def test_bernstein(self, xp): + # a special knot vector: Bernstein polynomials + k = 3 + t = xp.asarray([0]*(k+1) + [1]*(k+1)) + c = xp.asarray([1., 2., 3., 4.]) + bp = BPoly(xp.reshape(c, (-1, 1)), xp.asarray([0, 1])) + bspl = BSpline(t, c, k) + + xx = xp.linspace(-1., 2., 10) + xp_assert_close(bp(xx, extrapolate=True), + bspl(xx, extrapolate=True), atol=1e-14) + + @skip_xp_backends("dask.array", reason="_naive_eval is not dask-compatible") + @skip_xp_backends("jax.numpy", reason="too slow; XXX a slow-if marker?") + @skip_xp_backends("torch", reason="OOB on CI") + def test_rndm_naive_eval(self, xp): + # test random coefficient spline *on the base interval*, + # t[k] <= x < t[-k-1] + b = _make_random_spline(xp=xp) + t, c, k = b.tck + xx = xp.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 50) + y_b = b(xx) + y_n = xp.stack([_naive_eval(x, t, c, k, xp=xp) for x in xx]) + xp_assert_close(y_b, y_n, atol=1e-14) + + y_n2 = xp.stack([_naive_eval_2(x, t, c, k, xp=xp) for x in xx]) + xp_assert_close(y_b, y_n2, atol=1e-14) + + def test_rndm_splev(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + t, c, k = b.tck + xx = np.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 50) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), splev(xx, (t, c, k)), atol=1e-14) + + def test_rndm_splrep(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(20)) + y = rng.random(20) + + tck = splrep(x, y) + b = BSpline(*tck) + + t, k = b.t, b.k + xx = np.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 80) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), splev(xx, tck), atol=1e-14) + + def test_rndm_unity(self, xp): + b = _make_random_spline(xp=xp) + b.c = xp.ones_like(b.c) + xx = xp.linspace(b.t[b.k], b.t[-b.k-1], 100, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), xp.ones_like(xx)) + + def test_vectorization(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n, k = 22, 3 + t = np.sort(rng.random(n)) + c = rng.random(size=(n, 6, 7)) + t, c = map(xp.asarray, (t, c)) + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + tm, tp = t[k], t[-k-1] + xx = tm + (tp - tm) * xp.asarray(rng.random((3, 4, 5))) + assert b(xx).shape == (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) + + def test_len_c(self): + # for n+k+1 knots, only first n coefs are used. + # and BTW this is consistent with FITPACK + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n, k = 33, 3 + t = np.sort(rng.random(n+k+1)) + c = rng.random(n) + + # pad coefficients with random garbage + c_pad = np.r_[c, rng.random(k+1)] + + b, b_pad = BSpline(t, c, k), BSpline(t, c_pad, k) + + dt = t[-1] - t[0] + xx = np.linspace(t[0] - dt, t[-1] + dt, 50) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), b_pad(xx), atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), splev(xx, (t, c, k)), atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), splev(xx, (t, c_pad, k)), atol=1e-14) + + def test_endpoints(self, num_parallel_threads): + # base interval is closed + b = _make_random_spline() + t, _, k = b.tck + tm, tp = t[k], t[-k-1] + # atol = 1e-9 if num_parallel_threads == 1 else 1e-7 + for extrap in (True, False): + xp_assert_close(b([tm, tp], extrap), + b([tm + 1e-10, tp - 1e-10], extrap), atol=1e-9, rtol=1e-7) + + def test_continuity(self, num_parallel_threads): + # assert continuity at internal knots + b = _make_random_spline() + t, _, k = b.tck + xp_assert_close(b(t[k+1:-k-1] - 1e-10), b(t[k+1:-k-1] + 1e-10), + atol=1e-9) + + def test_extrap(self, xp): + b = _make_random_spline(xp=xp) + t, c, k = b.tck + dt = t[-1] - t[0] + xx = xp.linspace(t[k] - dt, t[-k-1] + dt, 50) + mask = (t[k] < xx) & (xx < t[-k-1]) + + # extrap has no effect within the base interval + xp_assert_close(b(xx[mask], extrapolate=True), + b(xx[mask], extrapolate=False)) + + # extrapolated values agree with FITPACK + xx_np, t_np, c_np = map(np.asarray, (xx, t, c)) + splev_result = xp.asarray(splev(xx_np, (t_np, c_np, k), ext=0)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx, extrapolate=True), splev_result) + + def test_default_extrap(self): + # BSpline defaults to extrapolate=True + b = _make_random_spline() + t, _, k = b.tck + xx = [t[0] - 1, t[-1] + 1] + yy = b(xx) + assert not np.all(np.isnan(yy)) + + def test_periodic_extrap(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + t = np.sort(rng.random(8)) + c = rng.random(4) + t, c = map(xp.asarray, (t, c)) + k = 3 + b = BSpline(t, c, k, extrapolate='periodic') + n = t.shape[0] - (k + 1) + + dt = t[-1] - t[0] + xx = xp.linspace(t[k] - dt, t[n] + dt, 50) + xy = t[k] + (xx - t[k]) % (t[n] - t[k]) + xy_np, t_np, c_np = map(np.asarray, (xy, t, c)) + atol = 1e-12 if xp_default_dtype(xp) == xp.float64 else 2e-7 + xp_assert_close( + b(xx), xp.asarray(splev(xy_np, (t_np, c_np, k))), atol=atol + ) + + # Direct check + xx = xp.asarray([-1, 0, 0.5, 1]) + xy = t[k] + (xx - t[k]) % (t[n] - t[k]) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx, extrapolate='periodic'), + b(xy, extrapolate=True), + atol=1e-14 if xp_default_dtype(xp) == xp.float64 else 5e-7 + ) + + def test_ppoly(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + t, c, k = b.tck + pp = PPoly.from_spline((t, c, k)) + + xx = np.linspace(t[k], t[-k], 100) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), pp(xx), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_derivative_rndm(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + t, c, k = b.tck + xx = np.linspace(t[0], t[-1], 50) + xx = np.r_[xx, t] + + for der in range(1, k+1): + yd = splev(xx, (t, c, k), der=der) + xp_assert_close(yd, b(xx, nu=der), atol=1e-14) + + # higher derivatives all vanish + xp_assert_close(b(xx, nu=k+1), np.zeros_like(xx), atol=1e-14) + + def test_derivative_jumps(self): + # example from de Boor, Chap IX, example (24) + # NB: knots augmented & corresp coefs are zeroed out + # in agreement with the convention (29) + k = 2 + t = [-1, -1, 0, 1, 1, 3, 4, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7] + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = np.r_[0, 0, rng.random(5), 0, 0] + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + + # b is continuous at x != 6 (triple knot) + x = np.asarray([1, 3, 4, 6]) + xp_assert_close(b(x[x != 6] - 1e-10), + b(x[x != 6] + 1e-10)) + assert not np.allclose(b(6.-1e-10), b(6+1e-10)) + + # 1st derivative jumps at double knots, 1 & 6: + x0 = np.asarray([3, 4]) + xp_assert_close(b(x0 - 1e-10, nu=1), + b(x0 + 1e-10, nu=1)) + x1 = np.asarray([1, 6]) + assert not np.allclose(b(x1 - 1e-10, nu=1), b(x1 + 1e-10, nu=1)) + + # 2nd derivative is not guaranteed to be continuous either + assert not np.allclose(b(x - 1e-10, nu=2), b(x + 1e-10, nu=2)) + + def test_basis_element_quadratic(self, xp): + xx = xp.linspace(-1, 4, 20) + b = BSpline.basis_element(t=xp.asarray([0, 1, 2, 3])) + + xx_np, t_np, c_np = map(np.asarray, (xx, b.t, b.c)) + splev_result = xp.asarray(splev(xx_np, (t_np, c_np, b.k))) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), splev_result, atol=1e-14) + + atol=1e-14 if xp_default_dtype(xp) == xp.float64 else 1e-7 + xp_assert_close(b(xx), xp.asarray(B_0123(xx), dtype=xp.float64), atol=atol) + + b = BSpline.basis_element(t=xp.asarray([0, 1, 1, 2])) + xx = xp.linspace(0, 2, 10, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), + xp.where(xx < 1, xx*xx, (2.-xx)**2), atol=1e-14) + + def test_basis_element_rndm(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + t, c, k = b.tck + xx = np.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 20) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), _sum_basis_elements(xx, t, c, k), atol=1e-14) + + def test_cmplx(self): + b = _make_random_spline() + t, c, k = b.tck + cc = c * (1. + 3.j) + + b = BSpline(t, cc, k) + b_re = BSpline(t, b.c.real, k) + b_im = BSpline(t, b.c.imag, k) + + xx = np.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 20) + xp_assert_close(b(xx).real, b_re(xx), atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(b(xx).imag, b_im(xx), atol=1e-14) + + def test_nan(self, xp): + # nan in, nan out. + b = BSpline.basis_element(xp.asarray([0, 1, 1, 2])) + assert xp.isnan(b(xp.nan)) + + def test_derivative_method(self, xp): + b = _make_random_spline(k=5, xp=xp) + t, c, k = b.tck + b0 = BSpline(t, c, k) + xx = xp.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 20) + for j in range(1, k): + b = b.derivative() + xp_assert_close(b0(xx, j), b(xx), atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_antiderivative_method(self, xp): + b = _make_random_spline(xp=xp) + t, c, k = b.tck + xx = xp.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 20) + xp_assert_close(b.antiderivative().derivative()(xx), + b(xx), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + # repeat with N-D array for c + c = xp.stack((c, c, c), axis=1) + c = xp.stack((c, c), axis=2) + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + xp_assert_close(b.antiderivative().derivative()(xx), + b(xx), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_integral(self, xp): + b = BSpline.basis_element(xp.asarray([0, 1, 2])) # x for x < 1 else 2 - x + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(0, 1), 0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, 0), -1 * 0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, 0), -0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + + + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(0, 1), 0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, 0), -1 * 0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, 0), -0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + + # extrapolate or zeros outside of [0, 2]; default is yes + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(-1, 1), 0.0, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(-1, 1, extrapolate=True), 0.0, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(-1, 1, extrapolate=False), 0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, -1, extrapolate=False), -0.5, abs_tol=1e-14) + + # Test ``_fitpack._splint()`` + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(1, -1, extrapolate=False), + _impl.splint(1, -1, b.tck), abs_tol=1e-14) + + # Test ``extrapolate='periodic'``. + b.extrapolate = 'periodic' + i = b.antiderivative() + period_int = xp.asarray(i(2) - i(0), dtype=xp.float64) + + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(0, 2), period_int) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(2, 0), -1 * period_int) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(-9, -7), period_int) + assert math.isclose(b.integrate(-8, -4), 2 * period_int) + + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(0.5, 1.5), + xp.asarray(i(1.5) - i(0.5))) + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(1.5, 3), + xp.asarray(i(1) - i(0) + i(2) - i(1.5))) + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(1.5 + 12, 3 + 12), + xp.asarray(i(1) - i(0) + i(2) - i(1.5))) + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(1.5, 3 + 12), + xp.asarray(i(1) - i(0) + i(2) - i(1.5) + 6 * period_int)) + + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(0, -1), xp.asarray(i(0) - i(1))) + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(-9, -10), xp.asarray(i(0) - i(1))) + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(0, -9), + xp.asarray(i(1) - i(2) - 4 * period_int)) + + def test_integrate_ppoly(self): + # test .integrate method to be consistent with PPoly.integrate + x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] + b = make_interp_spline(x, x) + b.extrapolate = 'periodic' + p = PPoly.from_spline(b) + + for x0, x1 in [(-5, 0.5), (0.5, 5), (-4, 13)]: + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(x0, x1), + p.integrate(x0, x1)) + + def test_integrate_0D_always(self): + # make sure the result is always a 0D array (not a python scalar) + b = BSpline.basis_element([0, 1, 2]) + for extrapolate in (True, False): + res = b.integrate(0, 1, extrapolate=extrapolate) + assert isinstance(res, np.ndarray) + assert res.ndim == 0 + + def test_subclassing(self): + # classmethods should not decay to the base class + class B(BSpline): + pass + + b = B.basis_element([0, 1, 2, 2]) + assert b.__class__ == B + assert b.derivative().__class__ == B + assert b.antiderivative().__class__ == B + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', range(-4, 4)) + def test_axis(self, axis, xp): + n, k = 22, 3 + t = xp.linspace(0, 1, n + k + 1) + sh = [6, 7, 8] + # We need the positive axis for some of the indexing and slices used + # in this test. + pos_axis = axis % 4 + sh.insert(pos_axis, n) # [22, 6, 7, 8] etc + sh = tuple(sh) + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = xp.asarray(rng.random(size=sh)) + b = BSpline(t, c, k, axis=axis) + assert b.c.shape == (sh[pos_axis],) + sh[:pos_axis] + sh[pos_axis+1:] + + xp = rng.random((3, 4, 5)) + assert b(xp).shape == sh[:pos_axis] + xp.shape + sh[pos_axis+1:] + + # -c.ndim <= axis < c.ndim + for ax in [-c.ndim - 1, c.ndim]: + assert_raises(AxisError, BSpline, + **dict(t=t, c=c, k=k, axis=ax)) + + # derivative, antiderivative keeps the axis + for b1 in [BSpline(t, c, k, axis=axis).derivative(), + BSpline(t, c, k, axis=axis).derivative(2), + BSpline(t, c, k, axis=axis).antiderivative(), + BSpline(t, c, k, axis=axis).antiderivative(2)]: + assert b1.axis == b.axis + + def test_neg_axis(self, xp): + k = 2 + t = xp.asarray([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + c = xp.asarray([[-1, 2, 0, -1], [2, 0, -3, 1]]) + + spl = BSpline(t, c, k, axis=-1) + spl0 = BSpline(t, c[0, :], k) + spl1 = BSpline(t, c[1, :], k) + xp_assert_equal(spl(2.5), xp.stack([spl0(2.5), spl1(2.5)])) + + def test_design_matrix_bc_types(self): + ''' + Splines with different boundary conditions are built on different + types of vectors of knots. As far as design matrix depends only on + vector of knots, `k` and `x` it is useful to make tests for different + boundary conditions (and as following different vectors of knots). + ''' + def run_design_matrix_tests(n, k, bc_type): + ''' + To avoid repetition of code the following function is provided. + ''' + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20) + y = rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20 + if bc_type == "periodic": + y[0] = y[-1] + + bspl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type=bc_type) + + c = np.eye(len(bspl.t) - k - 1) + des_matr_def = BSpline(bspl.t, c, k)(x) + des_matr_csr = BSpline.design_matrix(x, + bspl.t, + k).toarray() + xp_assert_close(des_matr_csr @ bspl.c, y, atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(des_matr_def, des_matr_csr, atol=1e-14) + + # "clamped" and "natural" work only with `k = 3` + n = 11 + k = 3 + for bc in ["clamped", "natural"]: + run_design_matrix_tests(n, k, bc) + + # "not-a-knot" works with odd `k` + for k in range(3, 8, 2): + run_design_matrix_tests(n, k, "not-a-knot") + + # "periodic" works with any `k` (even more than `n`) + n = 5 # smaller `n` to test `k > n` case + for k in range(2, 7): + run_design_matrix_tests(n, k, "periodic") + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('extrapolate', [False, True, 'periodic']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('degree', range(5)) + def test_design_matrix_same_as_BSpline_call(self, extrapolate, degree): + """Test that design_matrix(x) is equivalent to BSpline(..)(x).""" + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.random_sample(10 * (degree + 1)) + xmin, xmax = np.amin(x), np.amax(x) + k = degree + t = np.r_[np.linspace(xmin - 2, xmin - 1, degree), + np.linspace(xmin, xmax, 2 * (degree + 1)), + np.linspace(xmax + 1, xmax + 2, degree)] + c = np.eye(len(t) - k - 1) + bspline = BSpline(t, c, k, extrapolate) + xp_assert_close( + bspline(x), BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k, extrapolate).toarray() + ) + + # extrapolation regime + x = np.array([xmin - 10, xmin - 1, xmax + 1.5, xmax + 10]) + if not extrapolate: + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k, extrapolate) + else: + xp_assert_close( + bspline(x), + BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k, extrapolate).toarray() + ) + + def test_design_matrix_x_shapes(self): + # test for different `x` shapes + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 10 + k = 3 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20) + y = rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20 + + bspl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + for i in range(1, 4): + xc = x[:i] + yc = y[:i] + des_matr_csr = BSpline.design_matrix(xc, + bspl.t, + k).toarray() + xp_assert_close(des_matr_csr @ bspl.c, yc, atol=1e-14) + + def test_design_matrix_t_shapes(self): + # test for minimal possible `t` shape + t = [1., 1., 1., 2., 3., 4., 4., 4.] + des_matr = BSpline.design_matrix(2., t, 3).toarray() + xp_assert_close(des_matr, + [[0.25, 0.58333333, 0.16666667, 0.]], + atol=1e-14) + + def test_design_matrix_asserts(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 10 + k = 3 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20) + y = rng.random_sample(n) * 40 - 20 + bspl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + # invalid vector of knots (should be a 1D non-descending array) + # here the actual vector of knots is reversed, so it is invalid + with assert_raises(ValueError): + BSpline.design_matrix(x, bspl.t[::-1], k) + k = 2 + t = [0., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5.] + x = [1., 2., 3., 4.] + # out of bounds + with assert_raises(ValueError): + BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bc_type', ['natural', 'clamped', + 'periodic', 'not-a-knot']) + def test_from_power_basis(self, bc_type): + # TODO: convert CubicSpline + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(20)) + y = rng.random(20) + if bc_type == 'periodic': + y[-1] = y[0] + cb = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type=bc_type) + bspl = BSpline.from_power_basis(cb, bc_type=bc_type) + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 20) + xp_assert_close(cb(xx), bspl(xx), atol=1e-15) + bspl_new = make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=bc_type) + xp_assert_close(bspl.c, bspl_new.c, atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bc_type', ['natural', 'clamped', + 'periodic', 'not-a-knot']) + def test_from_power_basis_complex(self, bc_type): + # TODO: convert CubicSpline + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(20)) + y = rng.random(20) + rng.random(20) * 1j + if bc_type == 'periodic': + y[-1] = y[0] + cb = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type=bc_type) + bspl = BSpline.from_power_basis(cb, bc_type=bc_type) + bspl_new_real = make_interp_spline(x, y.real, bc_type=bc_type) + bspl_new_imag = make_interp_spline(x, y.imag, bc_type=bc_type) + xp_assert_close(bspl.c, bspl_new_real.c + 1j * bspl_new_imag.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_from_power_basis_exmp(self): + ''' + For x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] and y = [1, 1, 1, 1, 1] + the coefficients of Cubic Spline in the power basis: + + $[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\\$ + $[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\\$ + $[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],\\$ + $[1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]$ + + It could be shown explicitly that coefficients of the interpolating + function in B-spline basis are c = [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1] + ''' + x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) + y = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1]) + bspl = BSpline.from_power_basis(CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='natural'), + bc_type='natural') + xp_assert_close(bspl.c, [1.0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], atol=1e-15) + + def test_read_only(self): + # BSpline must work on read-only knots and coefficients. + t = np.array([0, 1]) + c = np.array([3.0]) + t.setflags(write=False) + c.setflags(write=False) + + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + xx.setflags(write=False) + + b = BSpline(t=t, c=c, k=0) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), np.ones_like(xx) * 3.0) + + def test_concurrency(self, xp): + # Check that no segfaults appear with concurrent access to BSpline + b = _make_random_spline(xp=xp) + + def worker_fn(_, b): + t, _, k = b.tck + xx = xp.linspace(t[k], t[-k-1], 10000) + b(xx) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, b) + + + @pytest.mark.xfail( + sys.platform == "cygwin", + reason="threading.get_native_id not implemented", + raises=AttributeError + ) + def test_memmap(self, tmpdir): + # Make sure that memmaps can be used as t and c atrributes after the + # spline has been constructed. This is similar to what happens in a + # scikit-learn context, where joblib can create read-only memmap to + # share objects between workers. For more details, see + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/22143 + b = _make_random_spline() + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + + expected = b(xx) + + tid = threading.get_native_id() + t_mm = np.memmap(str(tmpdir.join(f't{tid}.dat')), mode='w+', + dtype=b.t.dtype, shape=b.t.shape) + t_mm[:] = b.t + c_mm = np.memmap(str(tmpdir.join(f'c{tid}.dat')), mode='w+', + dtype=b.c.dtype, shape=b.c.shape) + c_mm[:] = b.c + b.t = t_mm + b.c = c_mm + + xp_assert_close(b(xx), expected) + + +@make_xp_test_case(BSpline) +class TestInsert: + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('xval', [0.0, 1.0, 2.5, 4, 6.5, 7.0]) + def test_insert(self, xval, xp): + # insert a knot, incl edges (0.0, 7.0) and exactly at an existing knot (4.0) + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x)**3 + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + tck = (spl._t, spl._c, spl.k) + spl_1f = BSpline(*insert(xval, tck)) # FITPACK + spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(xval) + + xp_assert_close(spl_1.t, xp.asarray(spl_1f.t), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_1.c, xp.asarray(spl_1f.c[:-spl.k-1]), atol=1e-15) + + # knot insertion preserves values, unless multiplicity >= k+1 + xx = x if xval != x[-1] else x[:-1] + xx = xp.concat((xx, 0.5*(x[1:] + x[:-1]))) + xp_assert_close(spl(xx), spl_1(xx), atol=1e-15) + + # ... repeat with ndim > 1 + y1 = xp.cos(x)**3 + spl_y1 = make_interp_spline(x, y1, k=3) + spl_yy = make_interp_spline(x, xp.stack((y, y1), axis=1), k=3) + spl_yy1 = spl_yy.insert_knot(xval) + + xp_assert_close(spl_yy1.t, spl_1.t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close( + spl_yy1.c, + xp.stack((spl.insert_knot(xval).c, spl_y1.insert_knot(xval).c), axis=1), + atol=1e-15 + ) + + xx = x if xval != x[-1] else x[:-1] + xx = xp.concat((xx, 0.5*(x[1:] + x[:-1]))) + xp_assert_close(spl_yy(xx), spl_yy1(xx), atol=1e-15) + + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'xval, m', [(0.0, 2), (1.0, 3), (1.5, 5), (4, 2), (7.0, 2)] + ) + def test_insert_multi(self, xval, m, xp): + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x)**3 + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + spl_1f = BSpline(*insert(xval, (spl._t, spl._c, spl.k), m=m)) + spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(xval, m) + + xp_assert_close(spl_1.t, xp.asarray(spl_1f.t), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_1.c, xp.asarray(spl_1f.c[:-spl.k-1]), atol=1e-15) + + xx = x if xval != x[-1] else x[:-1] + xx = xp.concat((xx, 0.5*(x[1:] + x[:-1]))) + xp_assert_close(spl(xx), spl_1(xx), atol=1e-15) + + def test_insert_random(self, xp): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + n, k = 11, 3 + + t = xp.asarray(np.sort(rng.uniform(size=n+k+1))) + c = xp.asarray(rng.uniform(size=(n, 3, 2))) + spl = BSpline(t, c, k) + + xv = xp.asarray(rng.uniform(low=t[k+1], high=t[-k-1])) + spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(xv) + + xx = xp.asarray(rng.uniform(low=t[k+1], high=t[-k-1], size=33)) + xp_assert_close(spl(xx), spl_1(xx), atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('xv', [0, 0.1, 2.0, 4.0, 4.5, # l.h. edge + 5.5, 6.0, 6.1, 7.0] # r.h. edge + ) + def test_insert_periodic(self, xv, xp): + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x)**3 + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, k=3) + t, c = map(xp.asarray, (t, c)) + spl = BSpline(t, c, k, extrapolate="periodic") + + spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(xv) + tf, cf, k = insert(xv, spl.tck, per=True) + + xp_assert_close(spl_1.t, xp.asarray(tf), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_1.c[:-k-1], xp.asarray(cf[:-k-1]), atol=1e-15) + + xx_np = np.random.default_rng(1234).uniform(low=0, high=7, size=41) + xx = xp.asarray(xx_np) + xp_assert_close(spl_1(xx), xp.asarray(splev(xx_np, (tf, cf, k))), atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('extrapolate', [None, 'periodic']) + def test_complex(self, extrapolate, xp): + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) * 2 * np.pi + y_re, y_im = xp.sin(x), xp.cos(x) + + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y_re + 1j*y_im, k=3) + spl.extrapolate = extrapolate + + spl_re = make_interp_spline(x, y_re, k=3) + spl_re.extrapolate = extrapolate + + spl_im = make_interp_spline(x, y_im, k=3) + spl_im.extrapolate = extrapolate + + xv = 3.5 + spl_1 = spl.insert_knot(xv) + spl_1re = spl_re.insert_knot(xv) + spl_1im = spl_im.insert_knot(xv) + + xp_assert_close(spl_1.t, spl_1re.t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_1.t, spl_1im.t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_1.c, spl_1re.c + 1j*spl_1im.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_insert_periodic_too_few_internal_knots(self): + # both FITPACK and spl.insert_knot raise when there's not enough + # internal knots to make a periodic extension. + # Below the internal knots are 2, 3, , 4, 5 + # ^ + # 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 + # so two knots from each side from the new one, while need at least + # from either left or right. + xv = 3.5 + k = 3 + t = np.array([0]*(k+1) + [2, 3, 4, 5] + [7]*(k+1)) + c = np.ones(len(t) - k - 1) + spl = BSpline(t, c, k, extrapolate="periodic") + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + insert(xv, (t, c, k), per=True) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + spl.insert_knot(xv) + + def test_insert_no_extrap(self): + k = 3 + t = np.array([0]*(k+1) + [2, 3, 4, 5] + [7]*(k+1)) + c = np.ones(len(t) - k - 1) + spl = BSpline(t, c, k) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + spl.insert_knot(-1) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + spl.insert_knot(8) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + spl.insert_knot(3, m=0) + + +def test_knots_multiplicity(): + # Take a spline w/ random coefficients, throw in knots of varying + # multiplicity. + + def check_splev(b, j, der=0, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14): + # check evaluations against FITPACK, incl extrapolations + t, c, k = b.tck + x = np.unique(t) + x = np.r_[t[0]-0.1, 0.5*(x[1:] + x[:1]), t[-1]+0.1] + xp_assert_close(splev(x, (t, c, k), der), b(x, der), + atol=atol, rtol=rtol, err_msg=f'der = {der} k = {b.k}') + + # test loop itself + # [the index `j` is for interpreting the traceback in case of a failure] + for k in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]: + b = _make_random_spline(k=k) + for j, b1 in enumerate(_make_multiples(b)): + check_splev(b1, j) + for der in range(1, k+1): + check_splev(b1, j, der, 1e-12, 1e-12) + + +def _naive_B(x, k, i, t): + """ + Naive way to compute B-spline basis functions. Useful only for testing! + computes B(x; t[i],..., t[i+k+1]) + """ + if k == 0: + return 1.0 if t[i] <= x < t[i+1] else 0.0 + if t[i+k] == t[i]: + c1 = 0.0 + else: + c1 = (x - t[i])/(t[i+k] - t[i]) * _naive_B(x, k-1, i, t) + if t[i+k+1] == t[i+1]: + c2 = 0.0 + else: + c2 = (t[i+k+1] - x)/(t[i+k+1] - t[i+1]) * _naive_B(x, k-1, i+1, t) + return (c1 + c2) + + +def _naive_eval(x, t, c, k, *, xp): + """ + Naive B-spline evaluation. Useful only for testing! + """ + if x == t[k]: + i = k + else: + i = xp.searchsorted(t, x) - 1 + + assert t[i] <= x <= t[i+1] + assert i >= k and i < t.shape[0] - k + return sum(c[i-j] * _naive_B(x, k, i-j, t) for j in range(0, k+1)) + + +def _naive_eval_2(x, t, c, k, *, xp): + """Naive B-spline evaluation, another way.""" + n = t.shape[0] - (k+1) + assert n >= k+1 + assert c.shape[0] >= n + assert t[k] <= x <= t[n] + return sum(c[i] * _naive_B(x, k, i, t) for i in range(n)) + + +def _sum_basis_elements(x, t, c, k): + n = len(t) - (k+1) + assert n >= k+1 + assert c.shape[0] >= n + s = 0. + for i in range(n): + b = BSpline.basis_element(t[i:i+k+2], extrapolate=False)(x) + s += c[i] * np.nan_to_num(b) # zero out out-of-bounds elements + return s + + +def B_012(x, xp=np): + """ A linear B-spline function B(x | 0, 1, 2).""" + x = np.atleast_1d(x) + result = np.piecewise(x, [(x < 0) | (x > 2), + (x >= 0) & (x < 1), + (x >= 1) & (x <= 2)], + [lambda x: 0., lambda x: x, lambda x: 2.-x]) + return xp.asarray(result) + + +def B_0123(x, der=0): + """A quadratic B-spline function B(x | 0, 1, 2, 3).""" + x = np.atleast_1d(x) + conds = [x < 1, (x > 1) & (x < 2), x > 2] + if der == 0: + funcs = [lambda x: x*x/2., + lambda x: 3./4 - (x-3./2)**2, + lambda x: (3.-x)**2 / 2] + elif der == 2: + funcs = [lambda x: 1., + lambda x: -2., + lambda x: 1.] + else: + raise ValueError(f'never be here: der={der}') + pieces = np.piecewise(x, conds, funcs) + return pieces + + +def _make_random_spline(n=35, k=3, xp=np): + rng = np.random.RandomState(123) + t = np.sort(rng.random(n+k+1)) + c = rng.random(n) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + return BSpline.construct_fast(t, c, k) + + +def _make_multiples(b): + """Increase knot multiplicity.""" + c, k = b.c, b.k + + t1 = b.t.copy() + t1[17:19] = t1[17] + t1[22] = t1[21] + yield BSpline(t1, c, k) + + t1 = b.t.copy() + t1[:k+1] = t1[0] + yield BSpline(t1, c, k) + + t1 = b.t.copy() + t1[-k-1:] = t1[-1] + yield BSpline(t1, c, k) + + +class TestInterop: + # + # Test that FITPACK-based spl* functions can deal with BSpline objects + # + def setup_method(self): + xx = np.linspace(0, 4.*np.pi, 41) + yy = np.cos(xx) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy) + self.tck = (b.t, b.c, b.k) + self.xx, self.yy, self.b = xx, yy, b + + self.xnew = np.linspace(0, 4.*np.pi, 21) + + c2 = np.c_[b.c, b.c, b.c] + self.c2 = np.dstack((c2, c2)) + self.b2 = BSpline(b.t, self.c2, b.k) + + def test_splev(self): + xnew, b, b2 = self.xnew, self.b, self.b2 + + # check that splev works with 1-D array of coefficients + # for array and scalar `x` + xp_assert_close(splev(xnew, b), + b(xnew), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(splev(xnew, b.tck), + b(xnew), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray([splev(x, b) for x in xnew]), + b(xnew), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + + # With N-D coefficients, there's a quirck: + # splev(x, BSpline) is equivalent to BSpline(x) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Calling splev.. with BSpline"): + splev(xnew, b2) + + # However, splev(x, BSpline.tck) needs some transposes. This is because + # BSpline interpolates along the first axis, while the legacy FITPACK + # wrapper does list(map(...)) which effectively interpolates along the + # last axis. Like so: + sh = tuple(range(1, b2.c.ndim)) + (0,) # sh = (1, 2, 0) + cc = b2.c.transpose(sh) + tck = (b2.t, cc, b2.k) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(splev(xnew, tck)), + b2(xnew).transpose(sh), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + + def test_splrep(self): + x, y = self.xx, self.yy + # test that "new" splrep is equivalent to _impl.splrep + tck = splrep(x, y) + t, c, k = _impl.splrep(x, y) + xp_assert_close(tck[0], t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(tck[1], c, atol=1e-15) + assert tck[2] == k + + # also cover the `full_output=True` branch + tck_f, _, _, _ = splrep(x, y, full_output=True) + xp_assert_close(tck_f[0], t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(tck_f[1], c, atol=1e-15) + assert tck_f[2] == k + + # test that the result of splrep roundtrips with splev: + # evaluate the spline on the original `x` points + yy = splev(x, tck) + xp_assert_close(y, yy, atol=1e-15) + + # ... and also it roundtrips if wrapped in a BSpline + b = BSpline(*tck) + xp_assert_close(y, b(x), atol=1e-15) + + def test_splrep_errors(self): + # test that both "old" and "new" splrep raise for an N-D ``y`` array + # with n > 1 + x, y = self.xx, self.yy + y2 = np.c_[y, y] + with assert_raises(ValueError): + splrep(x, y2) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + _impl.splrep(x, y2) + + # input below minimum size + with assert_raises(TypeError, match="m > k must hold"): + splrep(x[:3], y[:3]) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match="m > k must hold"): + _impl.splrep(x[:3], y[:3]) + + def test_splprep(self): + x = np.arange(15, dtype=np.float64).reshape((3, 5)) + b, u = splprep(x) + tck, u1 = _impl.splprep(x) + + # test the roundtrip with splev for both "old" and "new" output + xp_assert_close(u, u1, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(splev(u, b)), x, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(splev(u, tck)), x, atol=1e-15) + + # cover the ``full_output=True`` branch + (b_f, u_f), _, _, _ = splprep(x, s=0, full_output=True) + xp_assert_close(u, u_f, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(splev(u_f, b_f)), x, atol=1e-15) + + def test_splprep_errors(self): + # test that both "old" and "new" code paths raise for x.ndim > 2 + x = np.arange(3*4*5).reshape((3, 4, 5)) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="too many values to unpack"): + splprep(x) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="too many values to unpack"): + _impl.splprep(x) + + # input below minimum size + x = np.linspace(0, 40, num=3) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match="m > k must hold"): + splprep([x]) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match="m > k must hold"): + _impl.splprep([x]) + + # automatically calculated parameters are non-increasing + # see gh-7589 + x = [-50.49072266, -50.49072266, -54.49072266, -54.49072266] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Invalid inputs"): + splprep([x]) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Invalid inputs"): + _impl.splprep([x]) + + # given non-increasing parameter values u + x = [1, 3, 2, 4] + u = [0, 0.3, 0.2, 1] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Invalid inputs"): + splprep(*[[x], None, u]) + + def test_sproot(self): + b, b2 = self.b, self.b2 + roots = np.array([0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5])*np.pi + # sproot accepts a BSpline obj w/ 1-D coef array + xp_assert_close(sproot(b), roots, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7) + xp_assert_close(sproot((b.t, b.c, b.k)), roots, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7) + + # ... and deals with trailing dimensions if coef array is N-D + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Calling sproot.. with BSpline"): + sproot(b2, mest=50) + + # and legacy behavior is preserved for a tck tuple w/ N-D coef + c2r = b2.c.transpose(1, 2, 0) + rr = np.asarray(sproot((b2.t, c2r, b2.k), mest=50)) + assert rr.shape == (3, 2, 4) + xp_assert_close(rr - roots, np.zeros_like(rr), atol=1e-12) + + def test_splint(self): + # test that splint accepts BSpline objects + b, b2 = self.b, self.b2 + + xp_assert_close(splint(0, 1, b), + splint(0, 1, b.tck), atol=1e-14, check_0d=False) + xp_assert_close(splint(0, 1, b), + b.integrate(0, 1), atol=1e-14, check_0d=False) + + # ... and deals with N-D arrays of coefficients + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Calling splint.. with BSpline"): + splint(0, 1, b2) + + # and the legacy behavior is preserved for a tck tuple w/ N-D coef + c2r = b2.c.transpose(1, 2, 0) + integr = np.asarray(splint(0, 1, (b2.t, c2r, b2.k))) + assert integr.shape == (3, 2) + xp_assert_close(integr, + splint(0, 1, b), atol=1e-14, check_shape=False) + + def test_splder(self): + for b in [self.b, self.b2]: + # pad the c array (FITPACK convention) + ct = len(b.t) - len(b.c) + b_c = b.c.copy() + if ct > 0: + b_c = np.r_[b_c, np.zeros((ct,) + b_c.shape[1:])] + + for n in [1, 2, 3]: + bd = splder(b) + tck_d = _impl.splder((b.t.copy(), b_c, b.k)) + xp_assert_close(bd.t, tck_d[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(bd.c, tck_d[1], atol=1e-15) + assert bd.k == tck_d[2] + assert isinstance(bd, BSpline) + assert isinstance(tck_d, tuple) # back-compat: tck in and out + + def test_splantider(self): + for b in [self.b, self.b2]: + # pad the c array (FITPACK convention) + ct = len(b.t) - len(b.c) + b_c = b.c.copy() + if ct > 0: + b_c = np.r_[b_c, np.zeros((ct,) + b_c.shape[1:])] + + for n in [1, 2, 3]: + bd = splantider(b) + tck_d = _impl.splantider((b.t.copy(), b_c, b.k)) + xp_assert_close(bd.t, tck_d[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(bd.c, tck_d[1], atol=1e-15) + assert bd.k == tck_d[2] + assert isinstance(bd, BSpline) + assert isinstance(tck_d, tuple) # back-compat: tck in and out + + def test_insert(self): + b, b2, xx = self.b, self.b2, self.xx + + j = b.t.size // 2 + tn = 0.5*(b.t[j] + b.t[j+1]) + + bn, tck_n = insert(tn, b), insert(tn, (b.t, b.c, b.k)) + xp_assert_close(splev(xx, bn), + splev(xx, tck_n), atol=1e-15) + assert isinstance(bn, BSpline) + assert isinstance(tck_n, tuple) # back-compat: tck in, tck out + + # for N-D array of coefficients, BSpline.c needs to be transposed + # after that, the results are equivalent. + sh = tuple(range(b2.c.ndim)) + c_ = b2.c.transpose(sh[1:] + (0,)) + tck_n2 = insert(tn, (b2.t, c_, b2.k)) + + bn2 = insert(tn, b2) + + # need a transpose for comparing the results, cf test_splev + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(splev(xx, tck_n2)).transpose(2, 0, 1), + bn2(xx), atol=1e-15) + assert isinstance(bn2, BSpline) + assert isinstance(tck_n2, tuple) # back-compat: tck in, tck out + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_interp_spline) +class TestInterp: + # + # Test basic ways of constructing interpolating splines. + # + xx = np.linspace(0., 2.*np.pi) + yy = np.sin(xx) + + def _get_xy(self, xp): + return xp.asarray(self.xx), xp.asarray(self.yy) + + def test_non_int_order(self): + with assert_raises(TypeError): + make_interp_spline(self.xx, self.yy, k=2.5) + + def test_order_0(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=0) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=0, axis=-1) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_linear(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=1) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=1, axis=-1) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [0, 1, 2, 3]) + def test_incompatible_x_y(self, k): + x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + y = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Shapes of x"): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [0, 1, 2, 3]) + def test_broken_x(self, k): + x = [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4] # duplicates + y = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="x to not have duplicates"): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + x = [0, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5] # unsorted + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Expect x to be a 1D strictly"): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + x = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + x = np.asarray(x).reshape((1, -1)) # 1D + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Expect x to be a 1D strictly"): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + def test_not_a_knot(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + for k in [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]: + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_periodic(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + + # k = 5 here for more derivatives + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=5, bc_type='periodic') + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + # in periodic case it is expected equality of k-1 first + # derivatives at the boundaries + for i in range(1, 5): + xp_assert_close(b(xx[0], nu=i), b(xx[-1], nu=i), atol=1e-11) + # tests for axis=-1 + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=5, bc_type='periodic', axis=-1) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + for i in range(1, 5): + xp_assert_close(b(xx[0], nu=i), b(xx[-1], nu=i), atol=1e-11) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]) + def test_periodic_random(self, k, xp): + # tests for both cases (k > n and k <= n) + n = 5 + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 10) + y = rng.random_sample(n) * 100 + y[0] = y[-1] + x, y = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(y) + + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type='periodic') + xp_assert_close(b(x), y, atol=1e-14) + + def test_periodic_axis(self, xp): + n = self.xx.shape[0] + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.random_sample(n) * 2 * np.pi + x = np.sort(x) + x[0] = 0. + x[-1] = 2 * np.pi + y = np.zeros((2, n)) + y[0] = np.sin(x) + y[1] = np.cos(x) + x, y = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(y) + + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=5, bc_type='periodic', axis=1) + for i in range(n): + xp_assert_close(b(x[i]), y[:, i], atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(b(x[0]), b(x[-1]), atol=1e-14) + + def test_periodic_points_exception(self): + # first and last points should match when periodic case expected + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + k = 5 + n = 8 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n)) + y = rng.random_sample(n) + y[0] = y[-1] - 1 # to be sure that they are not equal + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type='periodic') + + def test_periodic_knots_exception(self): + # `periodic` case does not work with passed vector of knots + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + k = 3 + n = 7 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n)) + y = rng.random_sample(n) + t = np.zeros(n + 2 * k) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k, t, 'periodic') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [2, 3, 4, 5]) + def test_periodic_splev(self, k): + # comparison values of periodic b-spline with splev + b = make_interp_spline(self.xx, self.yy, k=k, bc_type='periodic') + tck = splrep(self.xx, self.yy, per=True, k=k) + spl = splev(self.xx, tck) + xp_assert_close(spl, b(self.xx), atol=1e-14) + + # comparison derivatives of periodic b-spline with splev + for i in range(1, k): + spl = splev(self.xx, tck, der=i) + xp_assert_close(spl, b(self.xx, nu=i), atol=1e-10) + + def test_periodic_cubic(self): + # comparison values of cubic periodic b-spline with CubicSpline + b = make_interp_spline(self.xx, self.yy, k=3, bc_type='periodic') + cub = CubicSpline(self.xx, self.yy, bc_type='periodic') + xp_assert_close(b(self.xx), cub(self.xx), atol=1e-14) + + # edge case: Cubic interpolation on 3 points + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 3 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 10) + y = rng.random_sample(n) * 100 + y[0] = y[-1] + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3, bc_type='periodic') + cub = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='periodic') + xp_assert_close(b(x), cub(x), atol=1e-14) + + def test_periodic_full_matrix(self): + # comparison values of cubic periodic b-spline with + # solution of the system with full matrix + k = 3 + b = make_interp_spline(self.xx, self.yy, k=k, bc_type='periodic') + t = _periodic_knots(self.xx, k) + c = _make_interp_per_full_matr(self.xx, self.yy, t, k) + b1 = np.vectorize(lambda x: _naive_eval(x, t, c, k, xp=np)) + xp_assert_close(b(self.xx), b1(self.xx), atol=1e-14) + + def test_quadratic_deriv(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + der = [(1, 8.)] # order, value: f'(x) = 8. + + # derivative at right-hand edge + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=2, bc_type=(None, der)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[-1], 1), + xp.asarray(der[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), + atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14, check_0d=False + ) + + # derivative at left-hand edge + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=2, bc_type=(der, None)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[0], 1), + xp.asarray(der[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), + atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14, check_0d=False + ) + + def test_cubic_deriv(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + k = 3 + + # first derivatives at left & right edges: + der_l, der_r = [(1, 3.)], [(1, 4.)] + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[0], 1), + xp.asarray(der_l[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14 + ) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[-1], 1), + xp.asarray(der_r[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14 + ) + + # 'natural' cubic spline, zero out 2nd derivatives at the boundaries + der_l, der_r = [(2, 0)], [(2, 0)] + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_quintic_derivs(self, xp): + k, n = 5, 7 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x) + der_l = [(1, -12.), (2, 1)] + der_r = [(1, 8.), (2, 3.)] + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + xp_assert_close(b(x), y, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(xp.stack([b(x[0], 1), b(x[0], 2)]), + xp.asarray([val for (nu, val) in der_l], dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(xp.stack([b(x[-1], 1), b(x[-1], 2)]), + xp.asarray([val for (nu, val) in der_r], dtype=xp.float64)) + + @pytest.mark.xfail(reason='unstable') + def test_cubic_deriv_unstable(self): + # 1st and 2nd derivative at x[0], no derivative information at x[-1] + # The problem is not that it fails [who would use this anyway], + # the problem is that it fails *silently*, and I've no idea + # how to detect this sort of instability. + # In this particular case: it's OK for len(t) < 20, goes haywire + # at larger `len(t)`. + k = 3 + t = _augknt(self.xx, k) + + der_l = [(1, 3.), (2, 4.)] + b = make_interp_spline(self.xx, self.yy, k, t, bc_type=(der_l, None)) + xp_assert_close(b(self.xx), self.yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_knots_not_data_sites(self, xp): + # Knots need not coincide with the data sites. + # use a quadratic spline, knots are at data averages, + # two additional constraints are zero 2nd derivatives at edges + k = 2 + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + + t = concat_1d(xp, + xp.ones(k+1) * xx[0], + (xx[1:] + xx[:-1]) / 2., + xp.ones(k+1) * xx[-1] + ) + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k, t, + bc_type=([(2, 0)], [(2, 0)])) + + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b(xx[0], 2), 0.0, abs_tol=1e-14) + assert math.isclose(b(xx[-1], 2), 0.0, abs_tol=1e-14) + + def test_minimum_points_and_deriv(self, xp): + # interpolation of f(x) = x**3 between 0 and 1. f'(x) = 3 * xx**2 and + # f'(0) = 0, f'(1) = 3. + k = 3 + x = xp.asarray([0., 1.]) + y = xp.asarray([0., 1.]) + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k, bc_type=([(1, 0.)], [(1, 3.)])) + + xx = xp.linspace(0., 1., 21, dtype=xp.float64) + yy = xx**3 + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_deriv_spec(self): + # If one of the derivatives is omitted, the spline definition is + # incomplete. + x = y = [1.0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=([(1, 0.)], None)) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=(1, 0.)) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=[(1, 0.)]) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=42) + + # CubicSpline expects`bc_type=(left_pair, right_pair)`, while + # here we expect `bc_type=(iterable, iterable)`. + l, r = (1, 0.0), (1, 0.0) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=(l, r)) + + def test_deriv_order_too_large(self, xp): + x = xp.arange(7) + y = x**2 + l, r = [(6, 0)], [(1, 0)] # 6th derivative = 0 at x[0] for k=3 + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Bad boundary conditions at 0."): + # cannot fix 6th derivative at x[0]: does not segfault + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=(l, r)) + + l, r = [(1, 0)], [(-6, 0)] # derivative order < 0 at x[-1] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Bad boundary conditions at 6."): + # does not segfault + make_interp_spline(x, y, bc_type=(l, r)) + + def test_complex(self, xp): + k = 3 + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + yy = yy + 1.j*yy + + # first derivatives at left & right edges: + der_l, der_r = [(1, 3.j)], [(1, 4.+2.j)] + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + assert cmath.isclose(b(xx[0], 1), der_l[0][1], abs_tol=1e-14) + assert cmath.isclose(b(xx[-1], 1), der_r[0][1], abs_tol=1e-14) + + # also test zero and first order + for k in (0, 1): + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=k) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_int_xy(self, xp): + x = xp.arange(10, dtype=xp.int32) + y = xp.arange(10, dtype=xp.int32) + + # Cython chokes on "buffer type mismatch" (construction) or + # "no matching signature found" (evaluation) + for k in (0, 1, 2, 3): + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + b(x) + + def test_sliced_input(self, xp): + # Cython code chokes on non C contiguous arrays + xx = xp.linspace(-1, 1, 100) + + x = xx[::5] + y = xx[::5] + + for k in (0, 1, 2, 3): + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + def test_check_finite(self, xp): + # check_finite defaults to True; nans and such trigger a ValueError + x = xp.arange(10, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**2 + + for z in [xp.nan, xp.inf, -xp.inf]: + y = xpx.at(y, -1).set(z) + assert_raises(ValueError, make_interp_spline, x, y) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [1, 2, 3, 5]) + def test_list_input(self, k): + # regression test for gh-8714: TypeError for x, y being lists and k=2 + x = list(range(10)) + y = [a**2 for a in x] + make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k) + + def test_multiple_rhs(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + yy = xp.stack((xx, yy), axis=1) + der_l = [(1, [1., 2.])] + der_r = [(1, [3., 4.])] + + b = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + xp_assert_close(b(xx), yy, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[0], 1), + xp.asarray(der_l[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14 + ) + xp_assert_close( + b(xx[-1], 1), + xp.asarray(der_r[0][1], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14 + ) + + def test_shapes(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + k, n = 3, 22 + x = np.sort(rng.random(size=n)) + y = rng.random(size=(n, 5, 6, 7)) + + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k) + assert b.c.shape == (n, 5, 6, 7) + + # now throw in some derivatives + d_l = [(1, rng.random((5, 6, 7)))] + d_r = [(1, rng.random((5, 6, 7)))] + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k, bc_type=(d_l, d_r)) + assert b.c.shape == (n + k - 1, 5, 6, 7) + + def test_string_aliases(self, xp): + xx, yy = self._get_xy(xp) + yy = xp.sin(xx) + + # a single string is duplicated + b1 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type='natural') + b2 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type=([(2, 0)], [(2, 0)])) + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + # two strings are handled + b1 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, + bc_type=('natural', 'clamped')) + b2 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, + bc_type=([(2, 0)], [(1, 0)])) + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + # one-sided BCs are OK + b1 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=2, bc_type=(None, 'clamped')) + b2 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=2, bc_type=(None, [(1, 0.0)])) + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + # 'not-a-knot' is equivalent to None + b1 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type='not-a-knot') + b2 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type=None) + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + # unknown strings do not pass + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type='typo') + + # string aliases are handled for 2D values + yy = xp.stack((xp.sin(xx), xp.cos(xx)), axis=1) + der_l = [(1, [0., 0.])] + der_r = [(2, [0., 0.])] + b2 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, bc_type=(der_l, der_r)) + b1 = make_interp_spline(xx, yy, k=3, + bc_type=('clamped', 'natural')) + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + # ... and for N-D values: + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + k, n = 3, 22 + x = np.sort(rng.random(size=n)) + y = rng.random(size=(n, 5, 6, 7)) + x, y = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(y) + + # now throw in some derivatives + d_l = [(1, xp.zeros((5, 6, 7)))] + d_r = [(1, xp.zeros((5, 6, 7)))] + b1 = make_interp_spline(x, y, k, bc_type=(d_l, d_r)) + b2 = make_interp_spline(x, y, k, bc_type='clamped') + xp_assert_close(b1.c, b2.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_full_matrix(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + k, n = 3, 7 + x_np = np.sort(rng.random(size=n)) + y_np = rng.random(size=n) + t_np = _not_a_knot(x_np, k) + cf = make_interp_full_matr(x_np, y_np, t_np, k) + cf = xp.asarray(cf) + + x, y, t = map(xp.asarray, (x_np, y_np, t_np)) + b = make_interp_spline(x, y, k, t) + xp_assert_close(b.c, cf, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_woodbury(self): + ''' + Random elements in diagonal matrix with blocks in the + left lower and right upper corners checking the + implementation of Woodbury algorithm. + ''' + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 201 + for k in range(3, 32, 2): + offset = int((k - 1) / 2) + a = np.diagflat(rng.random((1, n))) + for i in range(1, offset + 1): + a[:-i, i:] += np.diagflat(rng.random((1, n - i))) + a[i:, :-i] += np.diagflat(rng.random((1, n - i))) + ur = rng.random((offset, offset)) + a[:offset, -offset:] = ur + ll = rng.random((offset, offset)) + a[-offset:, :offset] = ll + d = np.zeros((k, n)) + for i, j in enumerate(range(offset, -offset - 1, -1)): + if j < 0: + d[i, :j] = np.diagonal(a, offset=j) + else: + d[i, j:] = np.diagonal(a, offset=j) + b = rng.random(n) + xp_assert_close(_woodbury_algorithm(d, ur, ll, b, k), + np.linalg.solve(a, b), atol=1e-14) + + +def make_interp_full_matr(x, y, t, k): + """Assemble an spline order k with knots t to interpolate + y(x) using full matrices. + Not-a-knot BC only. + + This routine is here for testing only (even though it's functional). + """ + assert x.size == y.size + assert t.size == x.size + k + 1 + n = x.size + + A = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=np.float64) + + for j in range(n): + xval = x[j] + if xval == t[k]: + left = k + else: + left = np.searchsorted(t, xval) - 1 + + # fill a row + bb = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, left) + A[j, left-k:left+1] = bb + + c = sl.solve(A, y) + return c + + +def make_lsq_full_matrix(x, y, t, k=3): + """Make the least-square spline, full matrices.""" + x, y, t = map(np.asarray, (x, y, t)) + m = x.size + n = t.size - k - 1 + + A = np.zeros((m, n), dtype=np.float64) + + for j in range(m): + xval = x[j] + # find interval + if xval == t[k]: + left = k + else: + left = np.searchsorted(t, xval) - 1 + + # fill a row + bb = _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, left) + A[j, left-k:left+1] = bb + + # have observation matrix, can solve the LSQ problem + B = np.dot(A.T, A) + Y = np.dot(A.T, y) + c = sl.solve(B, Y) + + return c, (A, Y) + + +parametrize_lsq_methods = pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["norm-eq", "qr"]) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_lsq_spline) +class TestLSQ: + # + # Test make_lsq_spline + # + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n, k = 13, 3 + x = np.sort(rng.random(n)) + y = rng.random(n) + t = _augknt(np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 7), k) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_lstsq(self, method): + # check LSQ construction vs a full matrix version + x, y, t, k = self.x, self.y, self.t, self.k + + c0, AY = make_lsq_full_matrix(x, y, t, k) + b = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method=method) + + xp_assert_close(b.c, c0) + assert b.c.shape == (t.size - k - 1,) + + # also check against numpy.lstsq + aa, yy = AY + c1, _, _, _ = np.linalg.lstsq(aa, y, rcond=-1) + xp_assert_close(b.c, c1) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_weights(self, method, xp): + # weights = 1 is same as None + x, y, t, k = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.y, self.t)), self.k + w = xp.ones_like(x) + + b = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method=method) + b_w = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, w=w, method=method) + + xp_assert_close(b.t, b_w.t, atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(b.c, b_w.c, atol=1e-14) + assert b.k == b_w.k + + def test_weights_same(self, xp): + # both methods treat weights + x, y, t, k = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.y, self.t)), self.k + w = np.random.default_rng(1234).uniform(size=x.shape[0]) + w = xp.asarray(w) + + b_ne = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, w=w, method="norm-eq") + b_qr = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, w=w, method="qr") + b_no_w = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method="qr") + + xp_assert_close(b_ne.c, b_qr.c, atol=1e-14) + assert not xp.all(xp.abs(b_no_w.c - b_qr.c) < 1e-14) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_multiple_rhs(self, method, xp): + x, t, k, n = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.t)), self.k, self.n + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + y = rng.random(size=(n, 5, 6, 7)) + y = xp.asarray(y) + + b = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method=method) + assert b.c.shape == (t.shape[0] - k - 1, 5, 6, 7) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_multiple_rhs_2(self, method, xp): + x, t, k, n = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.t)), self.k, self.n + nrhs = 3 + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + y = rng.random(size=(n, nrhs)) + y = xp.asarray(y) + b = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method=method) + + bb = [make_lsq_spline(x, y[:, i], t, k, method=method) + for i in range(nrhs)] + coefs = xp.stack([bb[i].c for i in range(nrhs)]).T + + xp_assert_close(coefs, b.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_multiple_rhs_3(self, xp): + x, t, k, n = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.t)), self.k, self.n + nrhs = 3 + y = np.random.random(size=(n, nrhs)) + y = xp.asarray(y) + b_qr = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method="qr") + b_neq = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k, method="norm-eq") + xp_assert_close(b_qr.c, b_neq.c, atol=1e-15) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_complex(self, method, xp): + # cmplx-valued `y` + x, t, k = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.t)), self.k + yc = xp.asarray(self.y * (1. + 2.j)) + + b = make_lsq_spline(x, yc, t, k, method=method) + b_re = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.real(yc), t, k, method=method) + b_im = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.imag(yc), t, k, method=method) + + xp_assert_close(b(x), b_re(x) + 1.j*b_im(x), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + + def test_complex_2(self, xp): + # test complex-valued y with y.ndim > 1 + + x, t, k = *map(xp.asarray, (self.x, self.t)), self.k + yc = xp.asarray(self.y * (1. + 2.j)) + yc = xp.stack((yc, yc), axis=1) + + b = make_lsq_spline(x, yc, t, k) + b_re = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.real(yc), t, k) + b_im = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.imag(yc), t, k) + + xp_assert_close(b(x), b_re(x) + 1.j*b_im(x), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + + # repeat with num_trailing_dims > 1 : yc.shape[1:] = (2, 2) + yc = xp.stack((yc, yc), axis=1) + + b = make_lsq_spline(x, yc, t, k) + b_re = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.real(yc), t, k) + b_im = make_lsq_spline(x, xp.imag(yc), t, k) + + xp_assert_close(b(x), b_re(x) + 1.j*b_im(x), atol=1e-15, rtol=1e-15) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_int_xy(self, method): + x = np.arange(10).astype(int) + y = np.arange(10).astype(int) + t = _augknt(x, k=1) + # Cython chokes on "buffer type mismatch" + make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=1, method=method) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_f32_xy(self, method): + x = np.arange(10, dtype=np.float32) + y = np.arange(10, dtype=np.float32) + t = _augknt(x, k=1) + spl_f32 = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=1, method=method) + spl_f64 = make_lsq_spline( + x.astype(float), y.astype(float), t.astype(float), k=1, method=method + ) + + x2 = (x[1:] + x[:-1]) / 2.0 + xp_assert_close(spl_f32(x2), spl_f64(x2), atol=1e-15) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_sliced_input(self, method): + # Cython code chokes on non C contiguous arrays + xx = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100) + + x = xx[::3] + y = xx[::3] + t = _augknt(x, 1) + make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=1, method=method) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_checkfinite(self, method): + # check_finite defaults to True; nans and such trigger a ValueError + x = np.arange(12).astype(float) + y = x**2 + t = _augknt(x, 3) + + for z in [np.nan, np.inf, -np.inf]: + y[-1] = z + assert_raises(ValueError, make_lsq_spline, x, y, t, method=method) + + @parametrize_lsq_methods + def test_read_only(self, method): + # Check that make_lsq_spline works with read only arrays + x, y, t = self.x, self.y, self.t + x.setflags(write=False) + y.setflags(write=False) + t.setflags(write=False) + make_lsq_spline(x=x, y=y, t=t, method=method) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', list(range(1, 7))) + def test_qr_vs_norm_eq(self, k): + # check that QR and normal eq solutions match + x, y = self.x, self.y + t = _augknt(np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 7), k) + spl_norm_eq = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=k, method='norm-eq') + spl_qr = make_lsq_spline(x, y, t, k=k, method='qr') + + xx = (x[1:] + x[:-1]) / 2.0 + xp_assert_close(spl_norm_eq(xx), spl_qr(xx), atol=1e-15) + + def test_duplicates(self): + # method="qr" can handle duplicated data points + x = np.repeat(self.x, 2) + y = np.repeat(self.y, 2) + spl_1 = make_lsq_spline(self.x, self.y, self.t, k=3, method='qr') + spl_2 = make_lsq_spline(x, y, self.t, k=3, method='qr') + + xx = (x[1:] + x[:-1]) / 2.0 + xp_assert_close(spl_1(xx), spl_2(xx), atol=1e-15) + + +class PackedMatrix: + """A simplified CSR format for when non-zeros in each row are consecutive. + + Assuming that each row of an `(m, nc)` matrix 1) only has `nz` non-zeros, and + 2) these non-zeros are consecutive, we only store an `(m, nz)` matrix of + non-zeros and a 1D array of row offsets. This way, a row `i` of the original + matrix A is ``A[i, offset[i]: offset[i] + nz]``. + + """ + def __init__(self, a, offset, nc): + self.a = a + self.offset = offset + self.nc = nc + + assert a.ndim == 2 + assert offset.ndim == 1 + assert a.shape[0] == offset.shape[0] + + @property + def shape(self): + return self.a.shape[0], self.nc + + def todense(self): + out = np.zeros(self.shape) + nelem = self.a.shape[1] + for i in range(out.shape[0]): + nel = min(self.nc - self.offset[i], nelem) + out[i, self.offset[i]:self.offset[i] + nel] = self.a[i, :nel] + return out + + +def _qr_reduce_py(a_p, y, startrow=1): + """This is a python counterpart of the `_qr_reduce` routine, + declared in interpolate/src/__fitpack.h + """ + from scipy.linalg.lapack import dlartg + + # unpack the packed format + a = a_p.a + offset = a_p.offset + nc = a_p.nc + + m, nz = a.shape + + assert y.shape[0] == m + R = a.copy() + y1 = y.copy() + + for i in range(startrow, m): + oi = offset[i] + for j in range(oi, nc): + # rotate only the lower diagonal + if j >= min(i, nc): + break + + # In dense format: diag a1[j, j] vs a1[i, j] + c, s, r = dlartg(R[j, 0], R[i, 0]) + + # rotate l.h.s. + R[j, 0] = r + for l in range(1, nz): + R[j, l], R[i, l-1] = fprota(c, s, R[j, l], R[i, l]) + R[i, -1] = 0.0 + + # rotate r.h.s. + for l in range(y1.shape[1]): + y1[j, l], y1[i, l] = fprota(c, s, y1[j, l], y1[i, l]) + + # convert to packed + offs = list(range(R.shape[0])) + R_p = PackedMatrix(R, np.array(offs, dtype=np.int64), nc) + + return R_p, y1 + + +def fprota(c, s, a, b): + """Givens rotate [a, b]. + + [aa] = [ c s] @ [a] + [bb] [-s c] [b] + + """ + aa = c*a + s*b + bb = -s*a + c*b + return aa, bb + + +def fpback(R_p, y): + """Backsubsitution solve upper triangular banded `R @ c = y.` + + `R` is in the "packed" format: `R[i, :]` is `a[i, i:i+k+1]` + """ + R = R_p.a + _, nz = R.shape + nc = R_p.nc + assert y.shape[0] == R.shape[0] + + c = np.zeros_like(y[:nc]) + c[nc-1, ...] = y[nc-1] / R[nc-1, 0] + for i in range(nc-2, -1, -1): + nel = min(nz, nc-i) + # NB: broadcast R across trailing dimensions of `c`. + summ = (R[i, 1:nel, None] * c[i+1:i+nel, ...]).sum(axis=0) + c[i, ...] = ( y[i] - summ ) / R[i, 0] + return c + + +class TestGivensQR: + # Test row-by-row QR factorization, used for the LSQ spline construction. + # This is implementation detail; still test it separately. + def _get_xyt(self, n): + k = 3 + x = np.arange(n, dtype=float) + y = x**3 + 1/(1+x) + t = _not_a_knot(x, k) + return x, y, t, k + + def test_vs_full(self): + n = 10 + x, y, t, k = self._get_xyt(n) + + # design matrix + a_csr = BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k) + + # dense QR + q, r = sl.qr(a_csr.todense()) + qTy = q.T @ y + + # prepare the PackedMatrix to factorize + # convert to "packed" format + m, nc = a_csr.shape + assert nc == t.shape[0] - k - 1 + + offset = a_csr.indices[::(k+1)] + offset = np.ascontiguousarray(offset, dtype=np.int64) + A = a_csr.data.reshape(m, k+1) + + R = PackedMatrix(A, offset, nc) + y_ = y[:, None] # _qr_reduce requires `y` a 2D array + _dierckx.qr_reduce(A, offset, nc, y_) # modifies arguments in-place + + # signs may differ + xp_assert_close(np.minimum(R.todense() + r, + R.todense() - r), np.zeros_like(r), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(np.minimum(abs(qTy - y_[:, 0]), + abs(qTy + y_[:, 0])), np.zeros_like(qTy), atol=2e-13) + + # sign changes are consistent between Q and R: + c_full = sl.solve(r, qTy) + c_banded, _, _ = _dierckx.fpback(R.a, R.nc, x, y_, t, k, np.ones_like(y), y_) + xp_assert_close(c_full, c_banded[:, 0], atol=5e-13) + + def test_py_vs_compiled(self): + # test _qr_reduce vs a python implementation + n = 10 + x, y, t, k = self._get_xyt(n) + + # design matrix + a_csr = BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k) + m, nc = a_csr.shape + assert nc == t.shape[0] - k - 1 + + offset = a_csr.indices[::(k+1)] + offset = np.ascontiguousarray(offset, dtype=np.int64) + A = a_csr.data.reshape(m, k+1) + + R = PackedMatrix(A, offset, nc) + y_ = y[:, None] + + RR, yy = _qr_reduce_py(R, y_) + _dierckx.qr_reduce(A, offset, nc , y_) # in-place + + xp_assert_close(RR.a, R.a, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_equal(RR.offset, R.offset, check_dtype=False) + assert RR.nc == R.nc + xp_assert_close(yy, y_, atol=1e-15) + + # Test C-level construction of the design matrix + + def test_data_matrix(self): + n = 10 + x, y, t, k = self._get_xyt(n) + w = np.arange(1, n+1, dtype=float) + + A, offset, nc = _dierckx.data_matrix(x, t, k, w) + + m = x.shape[0] + a_csr = BSpline.design_matrix(x, t, k) + a_w = (a_csr * w[:, None]).tocsr() + A_ = a_w.data.reshape((m, k+1)) + offset_ = a_w.indices[::(k+1)].astype(np.int64) + + xp_assert_close(A, A_, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_equal(offset, offset_) + assert nc == t.shape[0] - k - 1 + + def test_fpback(self): + n = 10 + x, y, t, k = self._get_xyt(n) + y = np.c_[y, y**2] + A, offset, nc = _dierckx.data_matrix(x, t, k, np.ones_like(x)) + R = PackedMatrix(A, offset, nc) + _dierckx.qr_reduce(A, offset, nc, y) + + c = fpback(R, y) + cc, _, _ = _dierckx.fpback(A, nc, x, y, t, k, np.ones_like(x), y) + + xp_assert_close(cc, c, atol=1e-14) + + def test_evaluate_all_bspl(self): + n = 10 + x, _, t, k = self._get_xyt(n) + zero_array = np.zeros((k + 1,), dtype=float) + for xval in x: + xp_assert_equal( + _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, n, k + 2), zero_array) + xp_assert_equal( + _dierckx.evaluate_all_bspl(t, k, xval, n, 2*k), zero_array) + + +def data_file(basename): + return os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), + 'data', basename) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_smoothing_spline) +class TestSmoothingSpline: + # + # test make_smoothing_spline + # + def test_invalid_input(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 100 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 4 - 2) + y = x**2 * np.sin(4 * x) + x**3 + rng.normal(0., 1.5, n) + + # ``x`` and ``y`` should have same shapes (1-D array) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_smoothing_spline(x, y[1:]) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_smoothing_spline(x[1:], y) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_smoothing_spline(x.reshape(1, n), y) + + # ``x`` should be an ascending array + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_smoothing_spline(x[::-1], y) + + x_dupl = np.copy(x) + x_dupl[0] = x_dupl[1] + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_smoothing_spline(x_dupl, y) + + # x and y length must be >= 5 + x = np.arange(4) + y = np.ones(4) + exception_message = "``x`` and ``y`` length must be at least 5" + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=exception_message): + make_smoothing_spline(x, y) + + def test_compare_with_GCVSPL(self): + """ + Data is generated in the following way: + >>> np.random.seed(1234) + >>> n = 100 + >>> x = np.sort(np.random.random_sample(n) * 4 - 2) + >>> y = np.sin(x) + np.random.normal(scale=.5, size=n) + >>> np.savetxt('x.csv', x) + >>> np.savetxt('y.csv', y) + + We obtain the result of performing the GCV smoothing splines + package (by Woltring, gcvspl) on the sample data points + using its version for Octave (https://github.com/srkuberski/gcvspl). + In order to use this implementation, one should clone the repository + and open the folder in Octave. + In Octave, we load up ``x`` and ``y`` (generated from Python code + above): + + >>> x = csvread('x.csv'); + >>> y = csvread('y.csv'); + + Then, in order to access the implementation, we compile gcvspl files in + Octave: + + >>> mex gcvsplmex.c gcvspl.c + >>> mex spldermex.c gcvspl.c + + The first function computes the vector of unknowns from the dataset + (x, y) while the second one evaluates the spline in certain points + with known vector of coefficients. + + >>> c = gcvsplmex( x, y, 2 ); + >>> y0 = spldermex( x, c, 2, x, 0 ); + + If we want to compare the results of the gcvspl code, we can save + ``y0`` in csv file: + + >>> csvwrite('y0.csv', y0); + + """ + # load the data sample + with np.load(data_file('gcvspl.npz')) as data: + # data points + x = data['x'] + y = data['y'] + + y_GCVSPL = data['y_GCVSPL'] + y_compr = make_smoothing_spline(x, y)(x) + + # such tolerance is explained by the fact that the spline is built + # using an iterative algorithm for minimizing the GCV criteria. These + # algorithms may vary, so the tolerance should be rather low. + # Not checking dtypes as gcvspl.npz stores little endian arrays, which + # result in conflicting dtypes on big endian systems. + xp_assert_close(y_compr, y_GCVSPL, atol=1e-4, rtol=1e-4, check_dtype=False) + + def test_non_regularized_case(self, xp): + """ + In case the regularization parameter is 0, the resulting spline + is an interpolation spline with natural boundary conditions. + """ + # create data sample + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 100 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 4 - 2) + y = x**2 * np.sin(4 * x) + x**3 + rng.normal(0., 1.5, n) + + x, y = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(y) + + spline_GCV = make_smoothing_spline(x, y, lam=0.) + spline_interp = make_interp_spline(x, y, 3, bc_type='natural') + + grid = xp.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 2 * n) + xp_assert_close(spline_GCV(grid), + spline_interp(grid), + atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(2) + def test_weighted_smoothing_spline(self, xp): + # create data sample + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 100 + x = np.sort(rng.random_sample(n) * 4 - 2) + y = x**2 * np.sin(4 * x) + x**3 + rng.normal(0., 1.5, n) + + x, y = map(xp.asarray, (x, y)) + + spl = make_smoothing_spline(x, y) + + # in order not to iterate over all of the indices, we select 10 of + # them randomly + for ind in rng.choice(range(100), size=10): + w = xp.ones(n) + xpx.at(w, int(ind)).set(30.) # w[int(ind)] = 30. + spl_w = make_smoothing_spline(x, y, w) + # check that spline with weight in a certain point is closer to the + # original point than the one without weights + orig = abs(spl(x[ind]) - y[ind]) + weighted = abs(spl_w(x[ind]) - y[ind]) + + if orig < weighted: + raise ValueError(f'Spline with weights should be closer to the' + f' points than the original one: {orig:.4} < ' + f'{weighted:.4}') + + +################################ +# NdBSpline tests +def bspline2(xy, t, c, k): + """A naive 2D tensort product spline evaluation.""" + x, y = xy + tx, ty = t + nx = len(tx) - k - 1 + assert (nx >= k+1) + ny = len(ty) - k - 1 + assert (ny >= k+1) + res = sum(c[ix, iy] * B(x, k, ix, tx) * B(y, k, iy, ty) + for ix in range(nx) for iy in range(ny)) + return np.asarray(res) + + +def B(x, k, i, t): + if k == 0: + return 1.0 if t[i] <= x < t[i+1] else 0.0 + if t[i+k] == t[i]: + c1 = 0.0 + else: + c1 = (x - t[i])/(t[i+k] - t[i]) * B(x, k-1, i, t) + if t[i+k+1] == t[i+1]: + c2 = 0.0 + else: + c2 = (t[i+k+1] - x)/(t[i+k+1] - t[i+1]) * B(x, k-1, i+1, t) + return c1 + c2 + + +def bspline(x, t, c, k): + n = len(t) - k - 1 + assert (n >= k+1) and (len(c) >= n) + return sum(c[i] * B(x, k, i, t) for i in range(n)) + + +class NdBSpline0: + def __init__(self, t, c, k=3): + """Tensor product spline object. + + c[i1, i2, ..., id] * B(x1, i1) * B(x2, i2) * ... * B(xd, id) + + Parameters + ---------- + c : ndarray, shape (n1, n2, ..., nd, ...) + b-spline coefficients + t : tuple of 1D ndarrays + knot vectors in directions 1, 2, ... d + ``len(t[i]) == n[i] + k + 1`` + k : int or length-d tuple of integers + spline degrees. + """ + ndim = len(t) + assert ndim <= len(c.shape) + + try: + len(k) + except TypeError: + # make k a tuple + k = (k,)*ndim + + self.k = tuple(operator.index(ki) for ki in k) + self.t = tuple(np.asarray(ti, dtype=float) for ti in t) + self.c = c + + def __call__(self, x): + ndim = len(self.t) + # a single evaluation point: `x` is a 1D array_like, shape (ndim,) + assert len(x) == ndim + + # get the indices in an ndim-dimensional vector + i = ['none', ]*ndim + for d in range(ndim): + td, xd = self.t[d], x[d] + k = self.k[d] + + # find the index for x[d] + if xd == td[k]: + i[d] = k + else: + i[d] = np.searchsorted(td, xd) - 1 + assert td[i[d]] <= xd <= td[i[d]+1] + assert i[d] >= k and i[d] < len(td) - k + i = tuple(i) + + # iterate over the dimensions, form linear combinations of + # products B(x_1) * B(x_2) * ... B(x_N) of (k+1)**N b-splines + # which are non-zero at `i = (i_1, i_2, ..., i_N)`. + result = 0 + iters = [range(i[d] - self.k[d], i[d] + 1) for d in range(ndim)] + for idx in itertools.product(*iters): + term = self.c[idx] * np.prod([B(x[d], self.k[d], idx[d], self.t[d]) + for d in range(ndim)]) + result += term + return np.asarray(result) + + +@make_xp_test_case(NdBSpline) +class TestNdBSpline: + + def test_1D(self, xp): + # test ndim=1 agrees with BSpline + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + n, k = 11, 3 + n_tr = 7 + t = np.sort(rng.uniform(size=n + k + 1)) + c = rng.uniform(size=(n, n_tr)) + + t = xp.asarray(t) + c = xp.asarray(c) + + b = BSpline(t, c, k) + nb = NdBSpline((t,), c, k) + + xi = rng.uniform(size=21) + xi = xp.asarray(xi) + + # NdBSpline expects xi.shape=(npts, ndim) + xp_assert_close(nb(xi[:, None]), + b(xi), atol=1e-14) + assert nb(xi[:, None]).shape == (xi.shape[0], c.shape[1]) + + def make_2d_case(self, xp=np): + # make a 2D separable spline + x = xp.arange(6) + y = x**3 + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + y_1 = x**3 + 2*x + spl_1 = make_interp_spline(x, y_1, k=3) + + t2 = (spl.t, spl_1.t) + c2 = spl.c[:, None] * spl_1.c[None, :] + + return t2, c2, 3 + + def make_2d_mixed(self, xp=np): + # make a 2D separable spline w/ kx=3, ky=2 + x = xp.arange(6) + y = x**3 + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + x = xp.arange(5, dtype=xp.float64) + 1.5 + y_1 = x**2 + 2*x + spl_1 = make_interp_spline(x, y_1, k=2) + + t2 = (spl.t, spl_1.t) + c2 = spl.c[:, None] * spl_1.c[None, :] + + return t2, c2, spl.k, spl_1.k + + def test_2D_separable(self, xp): + xi = [(1.5, 2.5), (2.5, 1), (0.5, 1.5)] + t2, c2, k = self.make_2d_case(xp=xp) + target = [x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) for (x, y) in xi] + + # sanity check: bspline2 gives the product as constructed + b2 = [bspline2( + xy, + [np.asarray(_) for _ in t2], + np.asarray(c2), + k + ) for xy in xi + ] + b2 = np.asarray(b2, dtype=np.float64) + xp_assert_close(xp.asarray(b2), + xp.asarray(target, dtype=xp.float64), + check_shape=False, + atol=1e-14) + + # check evaluation on a 2D array: the 1D array of 2D points + bspl2 = NdBSpline(t2, c2, k=3) + assert bspl2(xi).shape == (len(xi), ) + xp_assert_close(bspl2(xi), + xp.asarray(target, dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-14) + + # test that a nan in -> nan out + xi = np.asarray(xi) + xi[0, 1] = np.nan + xi = xp.asarray(xi) + xp_assert_equal(xp.isnan(bspl2(xi)), xp.asarray([True, False, False])) + + # now check on a multidim xi + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + xi = rng.uniform(size=(4, 3, 2)) * 5 + xi = xp.asarray(xi) + result = bspl2(xi) + assert result.shape == (4, 3) + + # also check the values + rrr = xp.reshape(xi, (-1, 2)).T + x, y = rrr[0, ...], rrr[1, ...] + xp_assert_close(xp_ravel(result, xp=xp), + x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y), atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_separable_2(self, xp): + # test `c` with trailing dimensions, i.e. c.ndim > ndim + ndim = 2 + xi = [(1.5, 2.5), (2.5, 1), (0.5, 1.5)] + target = [x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) for (x, y) in xi] + + t2, c2, k = self.make_2d_case(xp=xp) + c2_4 = xp.stack((c2, c2, c2, c2), axis=2) # c22.shape = (6, 6, 4) + + xy = (1.5, 2.5) + bspl2_4 = NdBSpline(t2, c2_4, k=3) + result = bspl2_4(xy) + val_single = NdBSpline(t2, c2, k)(xy) + assert result.shape == (4,) + xp_assert_close(result, + xp.stack([val_single, ]*4), atol=1e-14) + + # now try the array xi : the output.shape is (3, 4) where 3 + # is the number of points in xi and 4 is the trailing dimension of c + assert bspl2_4(xi).shape == np.shape(xi)[:-1] + bspl2_4.c.shape[ndim:] + xp_assert_close(bspl2_4(xi), + xp.asarray(target, dtype=xp.float64)[:, None], + check_shape=False, + atol=5e-14) + + # two trailing dimensions + c2_22 = xp.reshape(c2_4, (6, 6, 2, 2)) + bspl2_22 = NdBSpline(t2, c2_22, k=3) + + result = bspl2_22(xy) + assert result.shape == (2, 2) + target2_22 = xp.ones((2, 2), dtype=xp.float64)*val_single + xp_assert_close(result, target2_22, atol=1e-14) + + # now try the array xi : the output shape is (3, 2, 2) + # for 3 points in xi and c trailing dimensions being (2, 2) + assert (bspl2_22(xi).shape == + np.shape(xi)[:-1] + bspl2_22.c.shape[ndim:]) + xp_assert_close(bspl2_22(xi), + xp.asarray(target, dtype=xp.float64)[:, None, None], + check_shape=False, + atol=5e-14) + + def test_2D_separable_2_complex(self, xp): + # test `c` with c.dtype == complex, with and w/o trailing dims + xi = [(1.5, 2.5), (2.5, 1), (0.5, 1.5)] + target = [x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) for (x, y) in xi] + + target = [t + 2j*t for t in target] + + t2, c2, k = self.make_2d_case(xp=xp) + c2 = c2 * (1 + 2j) + c2_4 = xp.stack((c2, c2, c2, c2), axis=2) # c2_4.shape = (6, 6, 4) + + xy = (1.5, 2.5) + bspl2_4 = NdBSpline(t2, c2_4, k=3) + result = bspl2_4(xy) + val_single = NdBSpline(t2, c2, k)(xy) + assert result.shape == (4,) + xp_assert_close(result, + xp.stack([val_single]*4), atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_random(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + k = 3 + tx = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7)) * 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] + ty = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + c = rng.uniform(size=(tx.size-k-1, ty.size-k-1)) + + spl = NdBSpline((tx, ty), c, k=k) + + xi = (1., 1.) + xp_assert_close(spl(xi), + bspline2(xi, (tx, ty), c, k), atol=1e-14) + + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1]] + xp_assert_close(spl(xi), + [bspline2(xy, (tx, ty), c, k) for xy in xi], + atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_mixed(self): + t2, c2, kx, ky = self.make_2d_mixed() + xi = [(1.4, 4.5), (2.5, 2.4), (4.5, 3.5)] + target = [x**3 * (y**2 + 2*y) for (x, y) in xi] + bspl2 = NdBSpline(t2, c2, k=(kx, ky)) + assert bspl2(xi).shape == (len(xi), ) + xp_assert_close(bspl2(xi), + target, atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_derivative(self, xp): + t2, c2, kx, ky = self.make_2d_mixed(xp=xp) + xi = [(1.4, 4.5), (2.5, 2.4), (4.5, 3.5)] + bspl2 = NdBSpline(t2, c2, k=(kx, ky)) + + # Derivative orders and expected functions + test_cases = { + (1, 0): lambda x, y: 3 * x**2 * (y**2 + 2*y), + (1, 1): lambda x, y: 3 * x**2 * (2*y + 2), + (0, 0): lambda x, y: x**3 * (y**2 + 2*y), + (2*kx, 1): lambda x, y: 0, + (2*kx, 0): lambda x, y: 0, + (1, 3*ky): lambda x, y: 0, + (0, 3*ky): lambda x, y: 0, + (3*kx, 2*ky): lambda x, y: 0, + } + + for nu, expected_fn in test_cases.items(): + expected_vals = xp.asarray( + [expected_fn(x, y) for x, y in xi], dtype=xp.float64 + ) + + # Evaluate via nu argument + direct = bspl2(xi, nu=nu) + xp_assert_close(direct, expected_vals, atol=1e-14) + + # Evaluate via .derivative() call + via_method = bspl2.derivative(nu)(xi) + xp_assert_close(via_method, expected_vals, atol=1e-14) + + # Error cases + for bad_nu in [(-1, 0), # all(nu >= 0) + (-1, 0, 1)]: # len(nu) == ndim + with assert_raises(ValueError): + bspl2(xi, nu=bad_nu) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + bspl2.derivative(bad_nu) + + def test_2D_mixed_random(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + kx, ky = 2, 3 + tx = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7)) * 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] + ty = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + c = rng.uniform(size=(tx.size - kx - 1, ty.size - ky - 1)) + + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1]] + + bspl2 = NdBSpline((tx, ty), c, k=(kx, ky)) + bspl2_0 = NdBSpline0((tx, ty), c, k=(kx, ky)) + + xp_assert_close(bspl2(xi), + [bspl2_0(xp) for xp in xi], atol=1e-14) + + def test_tx_neq_ty(self): + # 2D separable spline w/ len(tx) != len(ty) + x = np.arange(6) + y = np.arange(7) + 1.5 + + spl_x = make_interp_spline(x, x**3, k=3) + spl_y = make_interp_spline(y, y**2 + 2*y, k=3) + cc = spl_x.c[:, None] * spl_y.c[None, :] + bspl = NdBSpline((spl_x.t, spl_y.t), cc, (spl_x.k, spl_y.k)) + + values = (x**3)[:, None] * (y**2 + 2*y)[None, :] + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values) + + xi = [(a, b) for a, b in itertools.product(x, y)] + bxi = bspl(xi) + + assert not np.isnan(bxi).any() + xp_assert_close(bxi, rgi(xi), atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(bxi.reshape(values.shape), values, atol=1e-14) + + def make_3d_case(self, xp=np): + # make a 3D separable spline + x = xp.arange(6) + y = x**3 + spl = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + y_1 = x**3 + 2*x + spl_1 = make_interp_spline(x, y_1, k=3) + + y_2 = x**3 + 3*x + 1 + spl_2 = make_interp_spline(x, y_2, k=3) + + t2 = (spl.t, spl_1.t, spl_2.t) + c2 = (spl.c[:, None, None] * + spl_1.c[None, :, None] * + spl_2.c[None, None, :]) + + return t2, c2, 3 + + def test_3D_separable(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + x, y, z = rng.uniform(size=(3, 11)) * 5 + target = x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1) + + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + + xi = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + result = bspl3(xi) + assert result.shape == (11,) + xp_assert_close(result, target, atol=1e-14) + + def test_3D_derivative(self, xp): + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case(xp=xp) + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + x, y, z = rng.uniform(size=(3, 11)) * 5 + + xi_np = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + xi = xp.asarray(xi_np) + + # Derivative orders and their expected expressions + test_cases = { + (1, 0, 0): lambda x, y, z: 3 * x**2 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1), + (2, 0, 0): lambda x, y, z: 6 * x * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1), + (2, 1, 0): lambda x, y, z: 6 * x * (3*y**2 + 2) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1), + (2, 1, 3): lambda x, y, z: 6 * x * (3*y**2 + 2) * 6, + (2, 1, 4): lambda x, y, z: 0.0, + } + + for nu, expected_fn in test_cases.items(): + expected_vals = [expected_fn(xi_, yi_, zi_) for xi_, yi_, zi_ in xi_np] + expected_vals = xp.asarray(expected_vals, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(bspl3(xi, nu=nu), expected_vals, atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(bspl3.derivative(nu)(xi), expected_vals, atol=1e-14) + + def test_3D_random(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + k = 3 + tx = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7)) * 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] + ty = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + tz = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + c = rng.uniform(size=(tx.size-k-1, ty.size-k-1, tz.size-k-1)) + + spl = NdBSpline((tx, ty, tz), c, k=k) + spl_0 = NdBSpline0((tx, ty, tz), c, k=k) + + xi = (1., 1., 1) + xp_assert_close(spl(xi), spl_0(xi), atol=1e-14) + + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1], + [0.9, 1.4, 1.9]] + xp_assert_close(spl(xi), [spl_0(xp) for xp in xi], atol=1e-14) + + def test_3D_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + k = 3 + tx = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7)) * 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] + ty = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + tz = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + c = (rng.uniform(size=(tx.size-k-1, ty.size-k-1, tz.size-k-1)) + + rng.uniform(size=(tx.size-k-1, ty.size-k-1, tz.size-k-1))*1j) + + spl = NdBSpline((tx, ty, tz), c, k=k) + spl_re = NdBSpline((tx, ty, tz), c.real, k=k) + spl_im = NdBSpline((tx, ty, tz), c.imag, k=k) + + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1], + [0.9, 1.4, 1.9]] + xp_assert_close(spl(xi), + spl_re(xi) + 1j*spl_im(xi), atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('cls_extrap', [None, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('call_extrap', [None, True]) + def test_extrapolate_3D_separable(self, cls_extrap, call_extrap): + # test that extrapolate=True does extrapolate + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3, extrapolate=cls_extrap) + + # evaluate out of bounds + x, y, z = [-2, -1, 7], [-3, -0.5, 6.5], [-1, -1.5, 7.5] + x, y, z = map(np.asarray, (x, y, z)) + xi = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + target = x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1) + + result = bspl3(xi, extrapolate=call_extrap) + xp_assert_close(result, target, atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('extrap', [(False, True), (True, None)]) + def test_extrapolate_3D_separable_2(self, extrap): + # test that call(..., extrapolate=None) defers to self.extrapolate, + # otherwise supersedes self.extrapolate + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + cls_extrap, call_extrap = extrap + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3, extrapolate=cls_extrap) + + # evaluate out of bounds + x, y, z = [-2, -1, 7], [-3, -0.5, 6.5], [-1, -1.5, 7.5] + x, y, z = map(np.asarray, (x, y, z)) + xi = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + target = x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1) + + result = bspl3(xi, extrapolate=call_extrap) + xp_assert_close(result, target, atol=1e-14) + + def test_extrapolate_false_3D_separable(self): + # test that extrapolate=False produces nans for out-of-bounds values + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + + # evaluate out of bounds and inside + x, y, z = [-2, 1, 7], [-3, 0.5, 6.5], [-1, 1.5, 7.5] + x, y, z = map(np.asarray, (x, y, z)) + xi = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + target = x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1) + + result = bspl3(xi, extrapolate=False) + assert np.isnan(result[0]) + assert np.isnan(result[-1]) + xp_assert_close(result[1:-1], target[1:-1], atol=1e-14) + + def test_x_nan_3D(self): + # test that spline(nan) is nan + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + + # evaluate out of bounds and inside + x = np.asarray([-2, 3, np.nan, 1, 2, 7, np.nan]) + y = np.asarray([-3, 3.5, 1, np.nan, 3, 6.5, 6.5]) + z = np.asarray([-1, 3.5, 2, 3, np.nan, 7.5, 7.5]) + xi = [_ for _ in zip(x, y, z)] + target = x**3 * (y**3 + 2*y) * (z**3 + 3*z + 1) + mask = np.isnan(x) | np.isnan(y) | np.isnan(z) + target[mask] = np.nan + + result = bspl3(xi) + assert np.isnan(result[mask]).all() + xp_assert_close(result, target, atol=1e-14) + + def test_non_c_contiguous(self): + # check that non C-contiguous inputs are OK + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + kx, ky = 3, 3 + tx = np.sort(rng.uniform(low=0, high=4, size=16)) + tx = np.r_[(tx[0],)*kx, tx, (tx[-1],)*kx] + ty = np.sort(rng.uniform(low=0, high=4, size=16)) + ty = np.r_[(ty[0],)*ky, ty, (ty[-1],)*ky] + + assert not tx[::2].flags.c_contiguous + assert not ty[::2].flags.c_contiguous + + c = rng.uniform(size=(tx.size//2 - kx - 1, ty.size//2 - ky - 1)) + c = c.T + assert not c.flags.c_contiguous + + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1]] + + bspl2 = NdBSpline((tx[::2], ty[::2]), c, k=(kx, ky)) + bspl2_0 = NdBSpline0((tx[::2], ty[::2]), c, k=(kx, ky)) + + xp_assert_close(bspl2(xi), + [bspl2_0(xp) for xp in xi], atol=1e-14) + + def test_readonly(self): + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + bspl3 = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + + for i in range(3): + t3[i].flags.writeable = False + c3.flags.writeable = False + + bspl3_ = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k=3) + + assert bspl3((1, 2, 3)) == bspl3_((1, 2, 3)) + + def test_design_matrix(self): + t3, c3, k = self.make_3d_case() + + xi = np.asarray([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) + dm = NdBSpline(t3, c3, k).design_matrix(xi, t3, k) + dm1 = NdBSpline.design_matrix(xi, t3, [k, k, k]) + assert dm.shape[0] == xi.shape[0] + xp_assert_close(dm.todense(), dm1.todense(), atol=1e-16) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + NdBSpline.design_matrix([1, 2, 3], t3, [k]*3) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="Data and knots*"): + NdBSpline.design_matrix([[1, 2]], t3, [k]*3) + + def test_concurrency(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + k = 3 + tx = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7)) * 3, 3, 3, 3, 3] + ty = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + tz = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=8)) * 4, 4, 4, 4, 4] + c = rng.uniform(size=(tx.size-k-1, ty.size-k-1, tz.size-k-1)) + + spl = NdBSpline((tx, ty, tz), c, k=k) + + def worker_fn(_, spl): + xi = np.c_[[1, 1.5, 2], + [1.1, 1.6, 2.1], + [0.9, 1.4, 1.9]] + spl(xi) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, spl) + + +class TestMakeND: + def test_2D_separable_simple(self): + x = np.arange(6) + y = np.arange(6) + 0.5 + values = x[:, None]**3 * (y**3 + 2*y)[None, :] + xi = [(a, b) for a, b in itertools.product(x, y)] + + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), values, k=1) + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), values.ravel(), atol=1e-15) + + # test the coefficients vs outer product of 1D coefficients + spl_x = make_interp_spline(x, x**3, k=1) + spl_y = make_interp_spline(y, y**3 + 2*y, k=1) + cc = spl_x.c[:, None] * spl_y.c[None, :] + xp_assert_close(cc, bspl.c, atol=1e-11, rtol=0) + + # test against RGI + from scipy.interpolate import RegularGridInterpolator as RGI + rgi = RGI((x, y), values, method='linear') + xp_assert_close(rgi(xi), bspl(xi), atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_separable_trailing_dims(self): + # test `c` with trailing dimensions, i.e. c.ndim > ndim + x = np.arange(6) + y = np.arange(6) + xi = [(a, b) for a, b in itertools.product(x, y)] + + # make values4.shape = (6, 6, 4) + values = x[:, None]**3 * (y**3 + 2*y)[None, :] + values4 = np.dstack((values, values, values, values)) + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), values4, k=3, solver=ssl.spsolve) + + result = bspl(xi) + target = np.dstack((values, values, values, values)).astype(float) + assert result.shape == (36, 4) + xp_assert_close(result.reshape(6, 6, 4), + target, atol=1e-14) + + # now two trailing dimensions + values22 = values4.reshape((6, 6, 2, 2)) + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), values22, k=3, solver=ssl.spsolve) + + result = bspl(xi) + assert result.shape == (36, 2, 2) + xp_assert_close(result.reshape(6, 6, 2, 2), + target.reshape((6, 6, 2, 2)), atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [(3, 3), (1, 1), (3, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5)]) + def test_2D_mixed(self, k): + # make a 2D separable spline w/ len(tx) != len(ty) + x = np.arange(6) + y = np.arange(7) + 1.5 + xi = [(a, b) for a, b in itertools.product(x, y)] + + values = (x**3)[:, None] * (y**2 + 2*y)[None, :] + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), values, k=k, solver=ssl.spsolve) + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), values.ravel(), atol=1e-15) + + def test_2D_nans(self): + x = np.arange(6) + y = np.arange(6) + 0.5 + y[-1] = np.nan + values = x[:, None]**3 * (y**3 + 2*y)[None, :] + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_ndbspl((x, y), values, k=1) + + def _get_sample_2d_data(self): + # from test_rgi.py::TestIntepN + x = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5, 6.]) + y = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5, 6.]) + z = np.array( + [ + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], + ] + ) + return x, y, z + + def test_2D_vs_RGI_linear(self): + x, y, z = self._get_sample_2d_data() + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), z, k=1) + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), z, method='linear') + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), rgi(xi), atol=1e-14) + + def test_2D_vs_RGI_cubic(self): + x, y, z = self._get_sample_2d_data() + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), z, k=3, solver=ssl.spsolve) + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), z, method='cubic_legacy') + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), rgi(xi), atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('solver', [ssl.gmres, ssl.gcrotmk]) + def test_2D_vs_RGI_cubic_iterative(self, solver): + # same as `test_2D_vs_RGI_cubic`, only with an iterative solver. + # Note the need to add an explicit `rtol` solver_arg to achieve the + # target accuracy of 1e-14. (the relation between solver atol/rtol + # and the accuracy of the final result is not direct and needs experimenting) + x, y, z = self._get_sample_2d_data() + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), z, k=3, solver=solver, rtol=1e-6) + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), z, method='cubic_legacy') + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), rgi(xi), atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-7) + + def test_2D_vs_RGI_quintic(self): + x, y, z = self._get_sample_2d_data() + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y), z, k=5, solver=ssl.spsolve) + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), z, method='quintic_legacy') + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), rgi(xi), atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'k, meth', [(1, 'linear'), (3, 'cubic_legacy'), (5, 'quintic_legacy')] + ) + def test_3D_random_vs_RGI(self, k, meth): + rndm = np.random.default_rng(123456) + x = np.cumsum(rndm.uniform(size=6)) + y = np.cumsum(rndm.uniform(size=7)) + z = np.cumsum(rndm.uniform(size=8)) + values = rndm.uniform(size=(6, 7, 8)) + + bspl = make_ndbspl((x, y, z), values, k=k, solver=ssl.spsolve) + rgi = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y, z), values, method=meth) + + xi = np.random.uniform(low=0.7, high=2.1, size=(11, 3)) + xp_assert_close(bspl(xi), rgi(xi), atol=1e-14) + + def test_solver_err_not_converged(self): + x, y, z = self._get_sample_2d_data() + solver_args = {'maxiter': 1} + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='solver'): + make_ndbspl((x, y), z, k=3, **solver_args) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='solver'): + make_ndbspl((x, y), np.dstack((z, z)), k=3, **solver_args) + + +class TestFpchec: + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/main/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpchec.f + + def test_1D_x_t(self): + k = 1 + t = np.arange(12).reshape(2, 6) + x = np.arange(12) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="1D sequence"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="1D sequence"): + _b.fpcheck(t, x, k) + + def test_condition_1(self): + # c 1) k+1 <= n-k-1 <= m + k = 3 + n = 2*(k + 1) - 1 # not OK + m = n + 11 # OK + t = np.arange(n) + x = np.arange(m) + + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 10 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Need k+1*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + n = 2*(k+1) + 1 # OK + m = n - k - 2 # not OK + t = np.arange(n) + x = np.arange(m) + + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 10 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Need k+1*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + def test_condition_2(self): + # c 2) t(1) <= t(2) <= ... <= t(k+1) + # c t(n-k) <= t(n-k+1) <= ... <= t(n) + k = 3 + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2] + [5]*(k+1) # this is OK + x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5] + + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None # does not raise + + tt = t.copy() + tt[-1] = tt[0] # not OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, tt, k) == 20 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Last k knots*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, tt, k) + + tt = t.copy() + tt[0] = tt[-1] # not OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, tt, k) == 20 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="First k knots*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, tt, k) + + def test_condition_3(self): + # c 3) t(k+1) < t(k+2) < ... < t(n-k) + k = 3 + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2, 3] + [5]*(k+1) # this is OK + x = [1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5] + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None + + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2, 2] + [5]*(k+1) # this is not OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 30 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Internal knots*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + def test_condition_4(self): + # c 4) t(k+1) <= x(i) <= t(n-k) + # NB: FITPACK's fpchec only checks x[0] & x[-1], so we follow. + k = 3 + t = [0]*(k+1) + [5]*(k+1) + x = [1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5] # this is OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None + + xx = x.copy() + xx[0] = t[0] # still OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(xx, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None + + xx = x.copy() + xx[0] = t[0] - 1 # not OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(xx, t, k) == 40 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Out of bounds*"): + _b.fpcheck(xx, t, k) + + xx = x.copy() + xx[-1] = t[-1] + 1 # not OK + assert dfitpack.fpchec(xx, t, k) == 40 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Out of bounds*"): + _b.fpcheck(xx, t, k) + + # ### Test the S-W condition (no 5) + # c 5) the conditions specified by schoenberg and whitney must hold + # c for at least one subset of data points, i.e. there must be a + # c subset of data points y(j) such that + # c t(j) < y(j) < t(j+k+1), j=1,2,...,n-k-1 + def test_condition_5_x1xm(self): + # x(1).ge.t(k2) .or. x(m).le.t(nk1) + k = 1 + t = [0, 0, 1, 2, 2] + x = [1.1, 1.1, 1.1] + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + x = [0.5, 0.5, 0.5] + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + def test_condition_5_k1(self): + # special case nk3 (== n - k - 2) < 2 + k = 1 + t = [0, 0, 1, 1] + x = [0.5, 0.6] + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None + + def test_condition_5_1(self): + # basically, there can't be an interval of t[j]..t[j+k+1] with no x + k = 3 + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2] + [5]*(k+1) + x = [3]*5 + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2] + [5]*(k+1) + x = [1]*5 + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + def test_condition_5_2(self): + # same as _5_1, only the empty interval is in the middle + k = 3 + t = [0]*(k+1) + [2, 3] + [5]*(k+1) + x = [1.1]*5 + [4] + + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + # and this one is OK + x = [1.1]*4 + [4, 4] + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 0 + assert _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) is None + + def test_condition_5_3(self): + # similar to _5_2, covers a different failure branch + k = 1 + t = [0, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7] + x = [1, 1, 1, 5.2, 5.2, 5.2, 6.5] + + assert dfitpack.fpchec(x, t, k) == 50 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Schoenberg-Whitney*"): + _b.fpcheck(x, t, k) + + +# ### python replicas of generate_knots(...) implementation details, for testing. +# ### see TestGenerateKnots::test_split_and_add_knot +def _split(x, t, k, residuals): + """Split the knot interval into "runs". + """ + ix = np.searchsorted(x, t[k:-k]) + # sum half-open intervals + fparts = [residuals[ix[i]:ix[i+1]].sum() for i in range(len(ix)-1)] + carries = residuals[ix[1:-1]] + + for i in range(len(carries)): # split residuals at internal knots + carry = carries[i] / 2 + fparts[i] += carry + fparts[i+1] -= carry + + fparts[-1] += residuals[-1] # add the contribution of the last knot + + xp_assert_close(sum(fparts), sum(residuals), atol=1e-15) + + return fparts, ix + + +def _add_knot(x, t, k, residuals): + """Insert a new knot given reduals.""" + fparts, ix = _split(x, t, k, residuals) + + # find the interval with max fparts and non-zero number of x values inside + idx_max = -101 + fpart_max = -1e100 + for i in range(len(fparts)): + if ix[i+1] - ix[i] > 1 and fparts[i] > fpart_max: + idx_max = i + fpart_max = fparts[i] + + if idx_max == -101: + raise ValueError("Internal error, please report it to SciPy developers.") + + # round up, like Dierckx does? This is really arbitrary though. + idx_newknot = (ix[idx_max] + ix[idx_max+1] + 1) // 2 + new_knot = x[idx_newknot] + idx_t = np.searchsorted(t, new_knot) + t_new = np.r_[t[:idx_t], new_knot, t[idx_t:]] + return t_new + + +@make_xp_test_case(generate_knots) +class TestGenerateKnots: + def test_split_add_knot(self): + # smoke test implementation details: insert a new knot given residuals + x = np.arange(8, dtype=float) + y = x**3 + 1./(1 + x) + k = 3 + t = np.array([0.]*(k+1) + [7.]*(k+1)) + spl = make_lsq_spline(x, y, k=k, t=t) + residuals = (spl(x) - y)**2 + + from scipy.interpolate import _fitpack_repro as _fr + new_t = _fr.add_knot(x, t, k, residuals) + new_t_py = _add_knot(x, t, k, residuals) + + xp_assert_close(new_t, new_t_py, atol=1e-15) + + # redo with new knots + spl2 = make_lsq_spline(x, y, k=k, t=new_t) + residuals2 = (spl2(x) - y)**2 + + new_t2 = _fr.add_knot(x, new_t, k, residuals2) + new_t2_py = _add_knot(x, new_t, k, residuals2) + + xp_assert_close(new_t2, new_t2_py, atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + def test_s0(self, k, xp): + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x*xp.pi/8) + t = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, s=0))[-1] + + tt = splrep(x, y, k=k, s=0)[0] + tt = xp.asarray(tt, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(t, tt, atol=1e-15) + + def test_s0_1(self, xp): + # with these data, naive algorithm tries to insert >= nmax knots + n = 10 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**3 + knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, s=0)) # does not error out + expected = xp.asarray(_not_a_knot(np.asarray(x), 3)) + xp_assert_close(knots[-1], expected, atol=1e-15) + + def test_s0_n20(self, xp): + n = 20 + x = xp.arange(n) + y = x**3 + knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, s=0)) + expected = xp.asarray(_not_a_knot(np.asarray(x), 3)) + xp_assert_close(knots[-1], expected, atol=1e-15) + + def test_s0_nest(self): + # s=0 and non-default nest: not implemented, errors out + x = np.arange(10) + y = x**3 + with assert_raises(ValueError): + list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, s=0, nest=10)) + + def test_s_switch(self, xp): + # test the process switching to interpolating knots when len(t) == m + k + 1 + """ + To generate the `wanted` list below apply the following diff and rerun + the test. The stdout will contain successive iterations of the `t` + array. + +$ git diff scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f +diff --git a/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f b/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f +index 1afb1900f1..d817e51ad8 100644 +--- a/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f ++++ b/scipy/interpolate/fitpack/fpcurf.f +@@ -216,6 +216,9 @@ c t(j+k) <= x(i) <= t(j+k+1) and store it in fpint(j),j=1,2,...nrint. + do 190 l=1,nplus + c add a new knot. + call fpknot(x,m,t,n,fpint,nrdata,nrint,nest,1) ++ print*, l, nest, ': ', t ++ print*, "n, nmax = ", n, nmax ++ + c if n=nmax we locate the knots as for interpolation. + if(n.eq.nmax) go to 10 + c test whether we cannot further increase the number of knots. + """ # NOQA: E501 + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x*np.pi/8) + k = 3 + + knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, s=1e-7)) + wanted = [[0., 0., 0., 0., 7., 7., 7., 7.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 4., 7., 7., 7., 7.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 2., 4., 7., 7., 7., 7.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 2., 4., 6., 7., 7., 7., 7.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 2., 3., 4., 5., 7, 7., 7., 7.] + ] + wanted = [xp.asarray(want, dtype=xp.float64) for want in wanted] + + assert len(knots) == len(wanted) + for t, tt in zip(knots, wanted): + xp_assert_close(t, tt, atol=1e-15) + + # also check that the last knot vector matches FITPACK + t, _, _ = splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1e-7) + xp_assert_close(knots[-1], xp.asarray(t), atol=1e-15) + + def test_list_input(self): + # test that list inputs are accepted + x = list(range(8)) + gen = generate_knots(x, x, s=0.1, k=1) + next(gen) + + def test_nest(self, xp): + # test that nest < nmax stops the process early (and we get 10 knots not 12) + x = xp.arange(8, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.sin(x*xp.pi/8) + s = 1e-7 + + knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, s=s, nest=10)) + xp_assert_close( + knots[-1], + xp.asarray([0., 0., 0., 0., 2., 4., 7., 7., 7., 7.], dtype=xp.float64), + atol=1e-15 + ) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # nest < 2*(k+1) + list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, nest=4)) + + def test_weights(self): + x = np.arange(8) + y = np.sin(x*np.pi/8) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + list(generate_knots(x, y, w=np.arange(11))) # len(w) != len(x) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + list(generate_knots(x, y, w=-np.ones(8))) # w < 0 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("npts", [30, 50, 100]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("s", [0.1, 1e-2, 0]) + def test_vs_splrep(self, s, npts): + # XXX this test is brittle: differences start apearing for k=3 and s=1e-6, + # also for k != 3. Might be worth investigating at some point. + # I think we do not really guarantee exact agreement with splrep. Instead, + # we guarantee it is the same *in most cases*; otherwise slight differences + # are allowed. There is no theorem, it is al heuristics by P. Dierckx. + # The best we can do it to best-effort reproduce it. + rndm = np.random.RandomState(12345) + x = 10*np.sort(rndm.uniform(size=npts)) + y = np.sin(x*np.pi/10) + np.exp(-(x-6)**2) + + k = 3 + t = splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s)[0] + tt = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, s=s))[-1] + + xp_assert_close(tt, t, atol=1e-15) + + def test_s_too_small(self): + n = 14 + x = np.arange(n) + y = x**3 + + # XXX splrep warns that "s too small": ier=2 + knots = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=3, s=1e-50)) + + with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning) as r: + tck = splrep(x, y, k=3, s=1e-50) + assert len(r) == 1 + xp_assert_equal(knots[-1], tck[0]) + + def test_zero_weights(self): + # regression test for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/23542 + gen = generate_knots([0.,1.,2.,3.], [4.,5.,6.,7.], w=[0.,0.,0.,0.], s=1) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="weights are zero"): + list(gen) + + +def disc_naive(t, k): + """Straitforward way to compute the discontinuity matrix. For testing ONLY. + + This routine returns a dense matrix, while `_fitpack_repro.disc` returns + a packed one. + """ + n = t.shape[0] + + delta = t[n - k - 1] - t[k] + nrint = n - 2*k - 1 + + ti = t[k+1:n-k-1] # internal knots + tii = np.repeat(ti, 2) + tii[::2] += 1e-10 + tii[1::2] -= 1e-10 + m = BSpline(t, np.eye(n - k - 1), k)(tii, nu=k) + + matr = np.empty((nrint-1, m.shape[1]), dtype=float) + for i in range(0, m.shape[0], 2): + matr[i//2, :] = m[i, :] - m[i+1, :] + + matr *= (delta/nrint)**k / math.factorial(k) + return matr + + +class F_dense: + """ The r.h.s. of ``f(p) = s``, an analog of _fitpack_repro.F + Uses full matrices, so is for tests only. + """ + def __init__(self, x, y, t, k, s, w=None, extrapolate=True): + self.x = x + self.y = y + self.t = t + self.k = k + self.w = np.ones_like(x, dtype=float) if w is None else w + self.extrapolate = extrapolate + assert self.w.ndim == 1 + + # lhs + a_dense = BSpline(t, np.eye(t.shape[0] - k - 1), k, extrapolate=extrapolate)(x) + self.a_dense = a_dense * self.w[:, None] + + from scipy.interpolate import _fitpack_repro as _fr + self.b_dense = PackedMatrix(*_fr.disc(t, k)).todense() + + # rhs + assert y.ndim == 1 + yy = y * self.w + self.yy = np.r_[yy, np.zeros(self.b_dense.shape[0])] + + self.s = s + + def __call__(self, p): + ab = np.vstack((self.a_dense, self.b_dense / p)) + + # LSQ solution of ab @ c = yy + from scipy.linalg import qr, solve + q, r = qr(ab, mode='economic') + + qy = q.T @ self.yy + + nc = r.shape[1] + c = solve(r[:nc, :nc], qy[:nc]) + + spl = BSpline(self.t, c, self.k, extrapolate=self.extrapolate) + fp = np.sum(self.w**2 * (spl(self.x) - self.y)**2) + + self.spl = spl # store it + + return fp - self.s + + +class _TestMakeSplrepBase: + + bc_type = None + + def _get_xykt(self, xp=np): + if self.bc_type == 'periodic': + x = xp.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 10) # nodes + y = xp.sin(x) + s = 1.7e-4 + + return x, y, s + else: + x = xp.linspace(0, 5, 11) + y = xp.sin(x*3.14 / 5)**2 + s = 1.7e-4 + + return x, y, s + + def test_input_errors(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 10, 11) + y = np.linspace(0, 10, 12) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # len(x) != len(y) + make_splrep(x, y, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # 0D inputs + make_splrep(1, 2, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # y.ndim > 2 + y = np.ones((x.size, 2, 2, 2)) + make_splrep(x, y, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + w = np.ones(12) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # len(weights) != len(x) + make_splrep(x, x**3, w=w, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + w = -np.ones(12) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # w < 0 + make_splrep(x, x**3, w=w, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + w = np.ones((x.shape[0], 2)) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # w.ndim != 1 + make_splrep(x, x**3, w=w, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # x not ordered + make_splrep(x[::-1], x**3, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(TypeError): + # k != int(k) + make_splrep(x, x**3, k=2.5, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # s < 0 + make_splrep(x, x**3, s=-1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # nest < 2*k + 2 + make_splrep(x, x**3, k=3, nest=2, s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # nest not None and s==0 + make_splrep(x, x**3, s=0, nest=11, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # len(x) != len(y) + make_splrep(np.arange(8), np.arange(9), s=0.1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + def _test_with_knots(self, x, y, k, s): + t = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type))[-1] + + spl_auto = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type) + spl_t = make_splrep(x, y, t=t, k=k, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + xp_assert_close(spl_auto.t, spl_t.t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_auto.c, spl_t.c, atol=1e-15) + assert spl_auto.k == spl_t.k + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_with_knots(self, k): + x, y, s = self._get_xykt() + + self._test_with_knots(x, y, k, s) + + def _test_default_s(self, x, y, k): + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, bc_type=self.bc_type) + spl_i = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=k, bc_type=self.bc_type) + t = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, bc_type=self.bc_type))[-1] + + xp_assert_close(spl.c, spl_i.c, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.t, t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_i.t, t, atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_default_s(self, k): + x, y, _ = self._get_xykt() + self._test_default_s(x, y, k) + + @pytest.mark.thread_unsafe + def test_s_too_small(self): + # both splrep and make_splrep warn that "s too small": ier=2 + s = 1e-30 + if self.bc_type == 'periodic': + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 14) + y = np.sin(x) + else: + x = np.arange(14) + y = x**3 + + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter( + "ignore", + RuntimeWarning + ) + tck = splrep(x, y, k=3, s=s, per=(self.bc_type == 'periodic')) + + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter( + "ignore", + RuntimeWarning + ) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=3, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0]) + xp_assert_close(np.r_[spl.c, [0]*(spl.k+1)], + tck[1], atol=5e-13) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3]) + def test_shape(self, k): + # make sure coefficients have the right shape (not extra dims) + n = 10 + if self.bc_type == 'periodic': + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, n) + y = np.cos(x) + else: + x = np.arange(n) + y = x**3 + + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, bc_type=self.bc_type) + spl_1 = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1e-5, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + assert spl.c.ndim == 1 + assert spl_1.c.ndim == 1 + + # force the general code path, not shortcuts + spl_2 = make_splrep(x, y + 1/(1+y), k=k, s=1e-5, bc_type=self.bc_type) + assert spl_2.c.ndim == 1 + + def test_error_on_invalid_bc_type(self): + N = 10 + a, b = 0, 2*np.pi + x = np.linspace(a, b, N + 1) # nodes + y = np.exp(x) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splrep(x, y, s=1e-8, bc_type="nonsense") + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("bc_type", ["periodic", None]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + def test_make_splrep_with_unequal_weights(self, bc_type, k): + # Sample data + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 10) + y = np.sin(x) + + w = np.linspace(1, 5, len(x)) + + tck = splrep(x, y, w=w, k=k, s=1e-8, per=(bc_type == 'periodic')) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, w=w, s=1e-8, k=k, bc_type=bc_type) + + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0]) + xp_assert_close(np.r_[spl.c, [0]*(spl.k+1)], + tck[1], atol=1e-8) + + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("bc_type", ["periodic", None]) + def test_make_splrep_with_non_c_contiguous_input(self, bc_type): + # regression test for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/23371 + + def check(spl, tck): + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0]) + xp_assert_close(np.r_[spl.c, [0]*(spl.k+1)], + tck[1], atol=1e-8) + + # Sample data + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 10) + y = np.sin(x) + + x1, y1 = np.c_[x, y].T + + # Safety check to make sure inputs + # are actually not C contiguous + assert x1.flags.c_contiguous is False + assert y1.flags.c_contiguous is False + + w = np.linspace(1, 5, len(x)) + w1, _ = np.c_[w, w].T + + # Safety check to make sure inputs + # are actually not C contiguous + assert w1.flags.c_contiguous is False + + tck = splrep(x, y, w=w, k=3, s=1e-8, per=(bc_type == 'periodic')) + + # only x.flags.c_contiguous is False + spl = make_splrep(x1, y, w=w, s=1e-8, k=3, bc_type=bc_type) + check(spl, tck) + + # only x.flags.c_contiguous is False + spl = make_splrep(x, y1, w=w, s=1e-8, k=3, bc_type=bc_type) + check(spl, tck) + + # only w.flags.c_contiguous is False + spl = make_splrep(x, y, w=w1, s=1e-8, k=3, bc_type=bc_type) + check(spl, tck) + + # x, y, z all have c_contiguous False + spl = make_splrep(x1, y1, w=w1, s=1e-8, k=3, + bc_type=bc_type) + check(spl, tck) + + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("bc_type", ["periodic", None]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + def test_make_splrep_impl_no_optimization(self, bc_type, k): + # Sample data + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 10) + y = np.sin(2 * np.pi * x) + + xb, xe = x[0], x[-1] + k = 3 # Cubic spline + s = 1e-8 # No smoothing + + # Provide t with only boundary knots -> length = 2*(k+1) + t = np.array([xb] * (k + 1) + [xe] * (k + 1)) + + # Should skip optimization + spl = make_splrep(x, y, xb=xb, xe=xe, k=k, + s=s, t=t, nest=None, bc_type=bc_type) + + assert isinstance(spl, BSpline) + assert spl.t.shape[0] == 2 * (k + 1) + assert spl.k == k + xp_assert_close(spl.t[:k+1], np.asarray([xb] * (k + 1))) + xp_assert_close(spl.t[-(k+1):], np.asarray([xe] * (k + 1))) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [100, 51, 15, 11]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("s", [10, 8, 5, 1, 1e-2]) + def test_make_splrep_matches_splrep_periodic(self, n, s): + rng = np.random.default_rng(123) + x = np.r_[0, np.sort(rng.uniform(0, 2 * np.pi, size=n - 2)), 2 * np.pi] + y = np.sin(x) + np.cos(x) + + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, s=s, per=(self.bc_type == "periodic")) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + if not (n == 11 and s == 1 and self.bc_type == "periodic"): + xp_assert_close(spl.t, t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c, c[:-k - 1], atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [100, 51, 15, 11]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("s", [10, 8, 5, 1, 1e-2]) + def test_make_splrep_with_splrep_knots(self, n, s): + rng = np.random.default_rng(123) + x = np.r_[0, np.sort(rng.uniform(0, 2 * np.pi, size=n - 2)), 2 * np.pi] + y = np.sin(x) + np.cos(x) + + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, s=s, per=(self.bc_type == "periodic")) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, s=s, bc_type=self.bc_type, t=t) + xp_assert_close(spl.c, c[:-k - 1], atol=1e-15) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_splrep) +class TestMakeSplrep(_TestMakeSplrepBase): + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_fitpack_F(self, k): + # test an implementation detail: banded/packed linalg vs full matrices + from scipy.interpolate._fitpack_repro import F + + x, y, s = self._get_xykt() + t = np.array([0]*(k+1) + [2.5, 4.0] + [5]*(k+1)) + f = F(x, y[:, None], t, k, s) # F expects y to be 2D + f_d = F_dense(x, y, t, k, s) + for p in [1, 10, 100]: + xp_assert_close(f(p), f_d(p), atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_fitpack_F_with_weights(self, k): + # repeat test_fitpack_F, with weights + from scipy.interpolate._fitpack_repro import F + + x, y, s = self._get_xykt() + t = np.array([0]*(k+1) + [2.5, 4.0] + [5]*(k+1)) + w = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=float) + fw = F(x, y[:, None], t, k, s, w=w) # F expects y to be 2D + fw_d = F_dense(x, y, t, k, s, w=w) + + f_d = F_dense(x, y, t, k, s) # no weights + + for p in [1, 10, 100]: + xp_assert_close(fw(p), fw_d(p), atol=1e-15) + assert not np.allclose(f_d(p), fw_d(p), atol=1e-15) + + def test_disc_matrix(self): + # test an implementation detail: discontinuity matrix + # (jumps of k-th derivative at knots) + import scipy.interpolate._fitpack_repro as _fr + + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + t = np.r_[0, 0, 0, 0, np.sort(rng.uniform(size=7))*5, 5, 5, 5, 5] + + n, k = len(t), 3 + D = PackedMatrix(*_fr.disc(t, k)).todense() + D_dense = disc_naive(t, k) + assert D.shape[0] == n - 2*k - 2 # number of internal knots + xp_assert_close(D, D_dense, atol=1e-15) + + def test_simple_vs_splrep(self, xp): + # XX: Non-periodic splines do not work for all supported degrees + k = 3 + x, y, s = self._get_xykt(xp) + tt = xp.asarray([0]*(k+1) + [2.5, 4.0] + [5]*(k+1)) + + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s) + t, c = xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c) + assert all(t == tt) + + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s) + xp_assert_close(c[:spl.c.shape[0]], spl.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_with_knots(self): + k = 3 + x, y, s = self._get_xykt() + + t = list(generate_knots(x, y, k=k, s=s))[-1] + + spl_auto = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s) + spl_t = make_splrep(x, y, t=t, k=k, s=s) + + xp_assert_close(spl_auto.t, spl_t.t, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_auto.c, spl_t.c, atol=1e-15) + assert spl_auto.k == spl_t.k + + def test_no_internal_knots(self, xp): + # should not fail if there are no internal knots + n = 10 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**3 + k = 3 + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1) + assert spl.t.shape[0] == 2*(k+1) + + def test_default_s(self, xp): + n = 10 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**3 + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=3) + spl_i = make_interp_spline(x, y, k=3) + + xp_assert_close(spl.c, spl_i.c, atol=1e-15) + + def test_s_too_small(self): + # both splrep and make_splrep warn that "s too small": ier=2 + n = 14 + x = np.arange(n) + y = x**3 + + with pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning) as r: + tck = splrep(x, y, k=3, s=1e-50) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=3, s=1e-50) + xp_assert_equal(spl.t, tck[0]) + xp_assert_close(np.r_[spl.c, [0]*(spl.k+1)], + tck[1], atol=5e-13) + assert len(r) == 2 + + def test_issue_22704(self): + # Reference - https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/22704 + x = np.asarray([20.00, 153.81, 175.57, 202.47, 237.11, + 253.61, 258.56, 273.40, 284.54, 293.61, + 298.56, 301.86, 305.57, 307.22, 308.45, + 310.10, 310.10, 310.50], dtype=np.float64) + y = np.asarray([53.00, 49.50, 48.60, 46.80, 43.20, + 40.32, 39.60, 36.00, 32.40, 28.80, + 25.20, 21.60, 18.00, 14.40, 10.80, + 7.20, 3.60, 0.0], dtype=np.float64) + w = np.asarray([1.38723] * y.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splrep(x, y, w=w, k=2, s=12) + + def test_shape(self, xp): + # make sure coefficients have the right shape (not extra dims) + n, k = 10, 3 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**3 + + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k) + spl_1 = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1e-5) + + assert spl.c.ndim == 1 + assert spl_1.c.ndim == 1 + + # force the general code path, not shortcuts + spl_2 = make_splrep(x, y + 1/(1+y), k=k, s=1e-5) + assert spl_2.c.ndim == 1 + + def test_s0_vs_not(self, xp): + # check that the shapes are consistent + n, k = 10, 3 + x = xp.arange(n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = x**3 + + spl_0 = make_splrep(x, y, k=3, s=0) + spl_1 = make_splrep(x, y, k=3, s=1) + + assert spl_0.c.ndim == 1 + assert spl_1.c.ndim == 1 + + assert spl_0.t.shape[0] == n + k + 1 + assert spl_1.t.shape[0] == 2 * (k + 1) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_splrep) +class TestMakeSplrepPeriodic(_TestMakeSplrepBase): + + bc_type = 'periodic' + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_no_internal_knots(self, k, xp): + # should not fail if there are no internal knots + x = xp.linspace(0, 10, 11) # nodes + y = xp.ones((11,)) + + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + assert spl.t.shape[0] == 2*(k+1) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) + def test_s0_vs_not(self, k): + # check that the shapes are consistent + n = 10 + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, n) + y = np.sin(x) + np.cos(x) + + spl_0 = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=0, bc_type=self.bc_type) + spl_1 = make_splrep(x, y, k=k, s=1, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + assert spl_0.c.ndim == 1 + assert spl_1.c.ndim == 1 + + assert spl_0.t.shape[0] == n + 2 * k + + def test_periodic_with_periodic_data(self, xp): + N = 10 + a, b = 0, 2*xp.pi + x = xp.linspace(a, b, N + 1, dtype=xp.float64) # nodes + + y = xp.cos(x) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, s=1e-8, bc_type=self.bc_type) + xp_assert_close(splev(x, spl), y, atol=1e-5, rtol=1e-4) + + y = xp.sin(x) + xp.cos(x) + spl = make_splrep(x, y, s=1e-12, bc_type=self.bc_type) + xp_assert_close(splev(x, spl), y, atol=1e-5, rtol=1e-6) + + y = 5*xp.sin(x) + xp.cos(x)*3 + spl = make_splrep(x, y, s=1e-8, bc_type=self.bc_type) + xp_assert_close(splev(x, spl), y, atol=1e-5, rtol=1e-4) + + def test_periodic_with_non_periodic_data(self): + N = 10 + a, b = 0, 2*np.pi + x = np.linspace(a, b, N + 1) # nodes + + y = np.exp(x) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splrep(x, y, s=1e-8, bc_type=self.bc_type) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("s", [0, 1e-50]) + def test_make_splrep_periodic_m_eq_2_k_eq_1(self, s): + # Two data points (m = 2) + x = np.array([0.0, 1.0]) + y = np.array([5.0, 5.0]) # constant function + w = np.array([1.0, 1.0]) if s > 0 else None + + # Degree 1 periodic spline + spl = make_splrep(x, y, w=w, k=1, bc_type="periodic", s=s) + tck = splrep(x, y, w=w, k=1, per=1, s=s) + + if s > 0: + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0]) + xp_assert_close(np.r_[spl.c, [0]*(spl.k+1)], + tck[1]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("k_fp", [(1, -0.0001), (2, -0.0001), (3, -8.62e-05)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("s", [1e-4]) + def test_fperiodic_basic_fit(self, k_fp, s): + n = 10 + x = np.linspace(0, 1, n) + y = np.sin(2 * np.pi * x) + k, fp = k_fp + + tck = splrep(x, y, k=k, s=s, per=1) + + fp0 = 4.5 + + spline = Fperiodic(x, y[:, None], tck[0], k=k, s=s) + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", RuntimeWarning) + _ = root_rati(spline, 2.0, ((0, fp0 - s), (np.inf, fp - s)), s * 0.001) + + # Check the returned spline is periodic at endpoints + bs = spline.spl + x_check = np.array([0.0, 1.0]) + y_check = bs(x_check) + + xp_assert_close(y_check[0], y_check[1]) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_splprep) +class TestMakeSplprep: + def _get_xyk(self, m=10, k=3, xp=np): + x = xp.arange(m, dtype=xp.float64) * xp.pi / m + y = [xp.sin(x), xp.cos(x)] + return x, y, k + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('s', [0, 0.1, 1e-3, 1e-5]) + def test_simple_vs_splprep(self, s): + # Check/document the interface vs splPrep + # The four values of `s` are to probe all code paths and shortcuts + m, k = 10, 3 + x = np.arange(m) * np.pi / m + y = [np.sin(x), np.cos(x)] + + # the number of knots depends on `s` (this is by construction) + num_knots = {0: 14, 0.1: 8, 1e-3: 8 + 1, 1e-5: 8 + 2} + + # construct the splines + (t, c, k), u_ = splprep(y, s=s) + spl, u = make_splprep(y, s=s) + + # parameters + xp_assert_close(u, u_, atol=1e-15) + + # knots + xp_assert_close(spl.t, t, atol=1e-15) + assert len(t) == num_knots[s] + + # coefficients: note the transpose + cc = np.asarray(c).T + xp_assert_close(spl.c, cc, atol=1e-15) + + # values: note axis=1 + xp_assert_close(spl(u), + BSpline(t, c, k, axis=1)(u), atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('s', [0, 0.1, 1e-3, 1e-5]) + def test_array_not_list(self, s): + # the argument of splPrep is either a list of arrays or a 2D array (sigh) + _, y, _ = self._get_xyk() + assert isinstance(y, list) + assert np.shape(y)[0] == 2 + + # assert the behavior of FITPACK's splrep + tck, u = splprep(y, s=s) + tck_a, u_a = splprep(np.asarray(y), s=s) + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=s) + xp_assert_close(tck[0], tck_a[0], atol=1e-15) + assert len(tck[1]) == len(tck_a[1]) + xp_assert_close(tck[1], tck_a[1], atol=1e-15) + assert tck[2] == tck_a[2] + assert np.shape(splev(u, tck)) == np.shape(y) + + spl, u = make_splprep(y, s=s) + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck_a[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c.T, tck_a[1], atol=1e-15) + assert spl.k == tck_a[2] + assert spl(u).shape == np.shape(y) + + spl, u = make_splprep(np.asarray(y), s=s) + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck_a[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c.T, tck_a[1], atol=1e-15) + assert spl.k == tck_a[2] + assert spl(u).shape == np.shape(y) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(np.asarray(y).T, s=s) + + def test_default_s_is_zero(self, xp): + x, y, k = self._get_xyk(m=10, xp=xp) + + spl, u = make_splprep(y) + xp_assert_close(spl(u), xp.stack(y), atol=1e-15) + + def test_s_zero_vs_near_zero(self, xp): + # s=0 and s \approx 0 are consistent + x, y, k = self._get_xyk(m=10, xp=xp) + + spl_i, u_i = make_splprep(y, s=0) + spl_n, u_n = make_splprep(y, s=1e-15) + + xp_assert_close(u_i, u_n, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_i(u_i), xp.stack(y), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_n(u_n), xp.stack(y), atol=1e-7) + assert spl_i.axis == spl_n.axis + assert spl_i.c.shape == spl_n.c.shape + + def test_1D(self): + x = np.arange(8, dtype=float) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + splprep(x) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(x, s=0) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(x, s=0.1) + + tck, u_ = splprep([x], s=1e-5) + spl, u = make_splprep([x], s=1e-5) + + assert spl(u).shape == (1, 8) + xp_assert_close(spl(u), [x], atol=1e-15) + + +@make_xp_test_case(make_splprep) +class TestMakeSplprepPeriodic: + + def _get_xyk(self, n=10, k=3, xp=np): + x = xp.linspace(0, 2*xp.pi, n, dtype=xp.float64) + y = [xp.sin(x), xp.cos(x)] + return x, y, k + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('s', [0, 1e-4, 1e-5, 1e-6]) + def test_simple_vs_splprep(self, s): + # Check/document the interface vs splPrep + # The four values of `s` are to probe all code paths and shortcuts + n = 10 + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, n) + y = [np.sin(x), np.cos(x)] + + # the number of knots depends on `s` (this is by construction) + num_knots = {0: 14, 1e-4: 16, 1e-5: 16, 1e-6: 16} + + # construct the splines + (t, c, k), u_ = splprep(y, s=s, per=1) + spl, u = make_splprep(y, s=s, bc_type="periodic") + + # parameters + xp_assert_close(u, u_, atol=1e-15) + + # knots + assert len(spl.t) == num_knots[s] + + # values: note axis=1 + xp_assert_close(spl(u), BSpline(t, c, k, axis=1)(u), + atol=1e-06, rtol=1e-06) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('s', [0, 1e-4, 1e-5, 1e-6]) + def test_array_not_list(self, s): + # the argument of splPrep is either a list of arrays or a 2D array (sigh) + _, y, _ = self._get_xyk() + assert isinstance(y, list) + assert np.shape(y)[0] == 2 + + # assert the behavior of FITPACK's splrep + tck, u = splprep(y, s=s, per=1) + tck_a, u_a = splprep(np.asarray(y), s=s, per=1) + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=s) + xp_assert_close(tck[0], tck_a[0], atol=1e-15) + assert len(tck[1]) == len(tck_a[1]) + for c1, c2 in zip(tck[1], tck_a[1]): + xp_assert_close(c1, c2, atol=1e-15) + assert tck[2] == tck_a[2] + assert np.shape(splev(u, tck)) == np.shape(y) + + spl, u = make_splprep(y, s=s, bc_type="periodic") + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=1e-15) + assert spl.k == tck_a[2] + assert spl(u).shape == np.shape(y) + + spl, u = make_splprep(np.asarray(y), s=s, bc_type="periodic") + xp_assert_close(u, u_a, atol=1e-15) + assert spl.k == tck_a[2] + assert spl(u).shape == np.shape(y) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(np.asarray(y).T, s=s, bc_type="periodic") + + def test_default_s_is_zero(self, xp): + x, y, k = self._get_xyk(n=10, xp=xp) + + spl, u = make_splprep(y, bc_type="periodic") + xp_assert_close(spl(u), xp.stack(y), atol=1e-15) + + def test_s_zero_vs_near_zero(self, xp): + # s=0 and s \approx 0 are consistent + x, y, k = self._get_xyk(n=10, xp=xp) + + spl_i, u_i = make_splprep(y, s=0, bc_type="periodic") + spl_n, u_n = make_splprep(y, s=1e-12, bc_type="periodic") + + xp_assert_close(u_i, u_n, atol=1e-15) + + y_arr = xp.stack(y) # xp_assert_close chokes on the list `y` + xp_assert_close(spl_i(u_i), y_arr, atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl_n(u_n), y_arr, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-6) + assert spl_i.axis == spl_n.axis + + def test_1D(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 8) + x = np.sin(x) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + splprep(x, per=1) + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(x, s=0, bc_type="periodic") + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + make_splprep(x, s=0.1, bc_type="periodic") + + spl, u = make_splprep([x], s=1e-15, bc_type="periodic") + + assert spl(u).shape == (1, 8) + xp_assert_close(spl(u), [x], atol=1e-15) + + +class BatchSpline: + # BSpline-line class with reference batch behavior + def __init__(self, x, y, axis, *, spline, **kwargs): + y = np.moveaxis(y, axis, -1) + self._batch_shape = y.shape[:-1] + self._splines = [spline(x, yi, **kwargs) for yi in y.reshape(-1, y.shape[-1])] + self._axis = axis + + def __call__(self, x): + y = [spline(x) for spline in self._splines] + y = np.reshape(y, self._batch_shape + x.shape) + return np.moveaxis(y, -1, self._axis) if x.shape else y + + def integrate(self, a, b, extrapolate=None): + y = [spline.integrate(a, b, extrapolate) for spline in self._splines] + return np.reshape(y, self._batch_shape) + + def derivative(self, nu): + res = copy.deepcopy(self) + res._splines = [spline.derivative(nu) for spline in res._splines] + return res + + def antiderivative(self, nu): + res = copy.deepcopy(self) + res._splines = [spline.antiderivative(nu) for spline in res._splines] + return res + + +class TestBatch: + @pytest.mark.parametrize('make_spline, kwargs', + [(make_interp_spline, {}), + (make_smoothing_spline, {}), + (make_smoothing_spline, {'lam': 1.0}), + (make_lsq_spline, {'method': "norm-eq"}), + (make_lsq_spline, {'method': "qr"}), + ]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('eval_shape', [(), (1,), (3,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', [-1, 0, 1]) + def test_batch(self, make_spline, kwargs, axis, eval_shape): + rng = np.random.default_rng(4329872134985134) + n = 10 + shape = (2, 3, 4, n) + domain = (0, 10) + + x = np.linspace(*domain, n) + y = np.moveaxis(rng.random(shape), -1, axis) + + if make_spline == make_lsq_spline: + k = 3 # spline degree, if needed + t = (x[0],) * (k + 1) + (x[-1],) * (k + 1) # valid knots, if needed + kwargs = kwargs | dict(t=t, k=k) + + res = make_spline(x, y, axis=axis, **kwargs) + ref = BatchSpline(x, y, axis=axis, spline=make_spline, **kwargs) + + x = rng.uniform(*domain, size=eval_shape) + np.testing.assert_allclose(res(x), ref(x)) + + res, ref = res.antiderivative(1), ref.antiderivative(1) + np.testing.assert_allclose(res(x), ref(x)) + + res, ref = res.derivative(2), ref.derivative(2) + np.testing.assert_allclose(res(x), ref(x)) + + np.testing.assert_allclose(res.integrate(*domain), ref.integrate(*domain)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..65a14e5ced444a2864c24edf3450da615036b61c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack.py @@ -0,0 +1,534 @@ +import itertools +import os + +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, assert_almost_equal, assert_array_almost_equal +) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest +from scipy._lib._testutils import check_free_memory + +from scipy.interpolate import RectBivariateSpline +from scipy.interpolate import make_splrep + +from scipy.interpolate._fitpack_py import (splrep, splev, bisplrep, bisplev, + sproot, splprep, splint, spalde, splder, splantider, insert, dblint) +from scipy.interpolate._dfitpack import regrid_smth +from scipy.interpolate._fitpack2 import dfitpack_int + + +def data_file(basename): + return os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), + 'data', basename) + + +def norm2(x): + return np.sqrt(np.dot(x.T, x)) + + +def f1(x, d=0): + """Derivatives of sin->cos->-sin->-cos.""" + if d % 4 == 0: + return np.sin(x) + if d % 4 == 1: + return np.cos(x) + if d % 4 == 2: + return -np.sin(x) + if d % 4 == 3: + return -np.cos(x) + + +def makepairs(x, y): + """Helper function to create an array of pairs of x and y.""" + xy = np.array(list(itertools.product(np.asarray(x), np.asarray(y)))) + return xy.T + + +class TestSmokeTests: + """ + Smoke tests (with a few asserts) for fitpack routines -- mostly + check that they are runnable + """ + def check_1(self, per=0, s=0, a=0, b=2*np.pi, at_nodes=False, + xb=None, xe=None): + if xb is None: + xb = a + if xe is None: + xe = b + + N = 20 + # nodes and middle points of the nodes + x = np.linspace(a, b, N + 1) + x1 = a + (b - a) * np.arange(1, N, dtype=float) / float(N - 1) + v = f1(x) + + def err_est(k, d): + # Assume f has all derivatives < 1 + h = 1.0 / N + tol = 5 * h**(.75*(k-d)) + if s > 0: + tol += 1e5*s + return tol + + for k in range(1, 6): + tck = splrep(x, v, s=s, per=per, k=k, xe=xe) + tt = tck[0][k:-k] if at_nodes else x1 + + for d in range(k+1): + tol = err_est(k, d) + err = norm2(f1(tt, d) - splev(tt, tck, d)) / norm2(f1(tt, d)) + assert err < tol + + # smoke test make_splrep + if not per: + spl = make_splrep(x, v, k=k, s=s, xb=xb, xe=xe) + if len(spl.t) == len(tck[0]): + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c, tck[1][:spl.c.size], atol=1e-13) + else: + assert k == 5 # knot length differ in some k=5 cases + else: + if np.allclose(v[0], v[-1], atol=1e-15): + spl = make_splrep(x, v, k=k, s=s, xb=xb, xe=xe, bc_type='periodic') + if k != 1: # knots for k == 1 in some cases + xp_assert_close(spl.t, tck[0], atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c, tck[1][:spl.c.size], atol=1e-13) + else: + with assert_raises(ValueError): + spl = make_splrep(x, v, k=k, s=s, + xb=xb, xe=xe, bc_type='periodic') + + def check_2(self, per=0, N=20, ia=0, ib=2*np.pi): + a, b, dx = 0, 2*np.pi, 0.2*np.pi + x = np.linspace(a, b, N+1) # nodes + v = np.sin(x) + + def err_est(k, d): + # Assume f has all derivatives < 1 + h = 1.0 / N + tol = 5 * h**(.75*(k-d)) + return tol + + nk = [] + for k in range(1, 6): + tck = splrep(x, v, s=0, per=per, k=k, xe=b) + nk.append([splint(ia, ib, tck), spalde(dx, tck)]) + + k = 1 + for r in nk: + d = 0 + for dr in r[1]: + tol = err_est(k, d) + xp_assert_close(dr, f1(dx, d), atol=0, rtol=tol) + d = d+1 + k = k+1 + + def test_smoke_splrep_splev(self): + self.check_1(s=1e-6) + self.check_1(b=1.5*np.pi) + + def test_smoke_splrep_splev_periodic(self): + self.check_1(b=1.5*np.pi, xe=2*np.pi, per=1, s=1e-1) + self.check_1(b=2*np.pi, per=1, s=1e-1) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('per', [0, 1]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('at_nodes', [True, False]) + def test_smoke_splrep_splev_2(self, per, at_nodes): + self.check_1(per=per, at_nodes=at_nodes) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('N', [20, 50]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('per', [0, 1]) + def test_smoke_splint_spalde(self, N, per): + self.check_2(per=per, N=N) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('N', [20, 50]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('per', [0, 1]) + def test_smoke_splint_spalde_iaib(self, N, per): + self.check_2(ia=0.2*np.pi, ib=np.pi, N=N, per=per) + + def test_smoke_sproot(self): + # sproot is only implemented for k=3 + a, b = 0.1, 15 + x = np.linspace(a, b, 20) + v = np.sin(x) + + for k in [1, 2, 4, 5]: + tck = splrep(x, v, s=0, per=0, k=k, xe=b) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + sproot(tck) + + k = 3 + tck = splrep(x, v, s=0, k=3) + roots = sproot(tck) + xp_assert_close(splev(roots, tck), np.zeros(len(roots)), atol=1e-10, rtol=1e-10) + xp_assert_close(roots, np.pi * np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]), rtol=1e-3) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('N', [20, 50]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('k', [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + def test_smoke_splprep_splrep_splev(self, N, k): + a, b, dx = 0, 2.*np.pi, 0.2*np.pi + x = np.linspace(a, b, N+1) # nodes + v = np.sin(x) + + tckp, u = splprep([x, v], s=0, per=0, k=k, nest=-1) + uv = splev(dx, tckp) + err1 = abs(uv[1] - np.sin(uv[0])) + assert err1 < 1e-2 + + tck = splrep(x, v, s=0, per=0, k=k) + err2 = abs(splev(uv[0], tck) - np.sin(uv[0])) + assert err2 < 1e-2 + + # Derivatives of parametric cubic spline at u (first function) + if k == 3: + tckp, u = splprep([x, v], s=0, per=0, k=k, nest=-1) + for d in range(1, k+1): + uv = splev(dx, tckp, d) + + def test_smoke_bisplrep_bisplev(self): + xb, xe = 0, 2.*np.pi + yb, ye = 0, 2.*np.pi + kx, ky = 3, 3 + Nx, Ny = 20, 20 + + def f2(x, y): + return np.sin(x+y) + + x = np.linspace(xb, xe, Nx + 1) + y = np.linspace(yb, ye, Ny + 1) + xy = makepairs(x, y) + tck = bisplrep(xy[0], xy[1], f2(xy[0], xy[1]), s=0, kx=kx, ky=ky) + + tt = [tck[0][kx:-kx], tck[1][ky:-ky]] + t2 = makepairs(tt[0], tt[1]) + v1 = bisplev(tt[0], tt[1], tck) + v2 = f2(t2[0], t2[1]) + v2 = v2.reshape(len(tt[0]), len(tt[1])) + + assert norm2(np.ravel(v1 - v2)) < 1e-2 + + +class TestSplev: + def test_1d_shape(self): + x = [1,2,3,4,5] + y = [4,5,6,7,8] + tck = splrep(x, y) + z = splev([1], tck) + assert z.shape == (1,) + z = splev(1, tck) + assert z.shape == () + + def test_2d_shape(self): + x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + y = [4, 5, 6, 7, 8] + tck = splrep(x, y) + t = np.array([[1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5], + [3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5]]) + z = splev(t, tck) + z0 = splev(t[0], tck) + z1 = splev(t[1], tck) + xp_assert_equal(z, np.vstack((z0, z1))) + + def test_extrapolation_modes(self): + # test extrapolation modes + # * if ext=0, return the extrapolated value. + # * if ext=1, return 0 + # * if ext=2, raise a ValueError + # * if ext=3, return the boundary value. + x = [1,2,3] + y = [0,2,4] + tck = splrep(x, y, k=1) + + rstl = [[-2, 6], [0, 0], None, [0, 4]] + for ext in (0, 1, 3): + assert_array_almost_equal(splev([0, 4], tck, ext=ext), rstl[ext]) + + assert_raises(ValueError, splev, [0, 4], tck, ext=2) + + +class TestSplder: + def setup_method(self): + # non-uniform grid, just to make it sure + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 100)**3 + y = np.sin(20 * x) + self.spl = splrep(x, y) + + # double check that knots are non-uniform + assert np.ptp(np.diff(self.spl[0])) > 0 + + def test_inverse(self): + # Check that antiderivative + derivative is identity. + for n in range(5): + spl2 = splantider(self.spl, n) + spl3 = splder(spl2, n) + xp_assert_close(self.spl[0], spl3[0]) + xp_assert_close(self.spl[1], spl3[1]) + assert self.spl[2] == spl3[2] + + def test_splder_vs_splev(self): + # Check derivative vs. FITPACK + + for n in range(3+1): + # Also extrapolation! + xx = np.linspace(-1, 2, 2000) + if n == 3: + # ... except that FITPACK extrapolates strangely for + # order 0, so let's not check that. + xx = xx[(xx >= 0) & (xx <= 1)] + + dy = splev(xx, self.spl, n) + spl2 = splder(self.spl, n) + dy2 = splev(xx, spl2) + if n == 1: + xp_assert_close(dy, dy2, rtol=2e-6) + else: + xp_assert_close(dy, dy2) + + def test_splantider_vs_splint(self): + # Check antiderivative vs. FITPACK + spl2 = splantider(self.spl) + + # no extrapolation, splint assumes function is zero outside + # range + xx = np.linspace(0, 1, 20) + + for x1 in xx: + for x2 in xx: + y1 = splint(x1, x2, self.spl) + y2 = splev(x2, spl2) - splev(x1, spl2) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(y1), np.asarray(y2)) + + def test_order0_diff(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, splder, self.spl, 4) + + def test_kink(self): + # Should refuse to differentiate splines with kinks + + spl2 = insert(0.5, self.spl, m=2) + splder(spl2, 2) # Should work + assert_raises(ValueError, splder, spl2, 3) + + spl2 = insert(0.5, self.spl, m=3) + splder(spl2, 1) # Should work + assert_raises(ValueError, splder, spl2, 2) + + spl2 = insert(0.5, self.spl, m=4) + assert_raises(ValueError, splder, spl2, 1) + + def test_multidim(self): + # c can have trailing dims + for n in range(3): + t, c, k = self.spl + c2 = np.c_[c, c, c] + c2 = np.dstack((c2, c2)) + + spl2 = splantider((t, c2, k), n) + spl3 = splder(spl2, n) + + xp_assert_close(t, spl3[0]) + xp_assert_close(c2, spl3[1]) + assert k == spl3[2] + + +class TestSplint: + def test_len_c(self): + n, k = 7, 3 + x = np.arange(n) + y = x**3 + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, s=0) + + # note that len(c) == len(t) == 11 (== len(x) + 2*(k-1)) + assert len(t) == len(c) == n + 2*(k-1) + + # integrate directly: $\int_0^6 x^3 dx = 6^4 / 4$ + res = splint(0, 6, (t, c, k)) + expected = 6**4 / 4 + assert abs(res - expected) < 1e-13 + + # check that the coefficients past len(t) - k - 1 are ignored + c0 = c.copy() + c0[len(t) - k - 1:] = np.nan + res0 = splint(0, 6, (t, c0, k)) + assert abs(res0 - expected) < 1e-13 + + # however, all other coefficients *are* used + c0[6] = np.nan + assert np.isnan(splint(0, 6, (t, c0, k))) + + # check that the coefficient array can have length `len(t) - k - 1` + c1 = c[:len(t) - k - 1] + res1 = splint(0, 6, (t, c1, k)) + assert (res1 - expected) < 1e-13 + + + # however shorter c arrays raise. The error from f2py is a + # `dftipack.error`, which is an Exception but not ValueError etc. + with assert_raises(Exception, match=r">=n-k-1"): + splint(0, 1, (np.ones(10), np.ones(5), 3)) + + +class TestBisplrep: + def test_overflow(self): + from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import as_strided + if dfitpack_int.itemsize == 8: + size = 1500000**2 + else: + size = 400**2 + # Don't allocate a real array, as it's very big, but rely + # on that it's not referenced + x = as_strided(np.zeros(()), shape=(size,)) + assert_raises(OverflowError, bisplrep, x, x, x, w=x, + xb=0, xe=1, yb=0, ye=1, s=0) + + def test_regression_1310(self): + # Regression test for gh-1310 + with np.load(data_file('bug-1310.npz')) as loaded_data: + data = loaded_data['data'] + + # Shouldn't crash -- the input data triggers work array sizes + # that caused previously some data to not be aligned on + # sizeof(double) boundaries in memory, which made the Fortran + # code to crash when compiled with -O3 + bisplrep(data[:,0], data[:,1], data[:,2], kx=3, ky=3, s=0, + full_output=True) + + @pytest.mark.skipif(dfitpack_int != np.int64, reason="needs ilp64 fitpack") + def test_ilp64_bisplrep(self): + check_free_memory(28000) # VM size, doesn't actually use the pages + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 400) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 400) + x, y = np.meshgrid(x, y) + z = np.zeros_like(x) + tck = bisplrep(x, y, z, kx=3, ky=3, s=0) + xp_assert_close(bisplev(0.5, 0.5, tck), 0.0) + + +def test_dblint(): + # Basic test to see it runs and gives the correct result on a trivial + # problem. Note that `dblint` is not exposed in the interpolate namespace. + x = np.linspace(0, 1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1) + xx, yy = np.meshgrid(x, y) + rect = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, 4 * xx * yy) + tck = list(rect.tck) + tck.extend(rect.degrees) + + assert abs(dblint(0, 1, 0, 1, tck) - 1) < 1e-10 + assert abs(dblint(0, 0.5, 0, 1, tck) - 0.25) < 1e-10 + assert abs(dblint(0.5, 1, 0, 1, tck) - 0.75) < 1e-10 + assert abs(dblint(-100, 100, -100, 100, tck) - 1) < 1e-10 + + +def test_splev_der_k(): + # regression test for gh-2188: splev(x, tck, der=k) gives garbage or crashes + # for x outside of knot range + + # test case from gh-2188 + tck = (np.array([0., 0., 2.5, 2.5]), + np.array([-1.56679978, 2.43995873, 0., 0.]), + 1) + t, c, k = tck + x = np.array([-3, 0, 2.5, 3]) + + # an explicit form of the linear spline + xp_assert_close(splev(x, tck), c[0] + (c[1] - c[0]) * x/t[2]) + xp_assert_close(splev(x, tck, 1), + np.ones_like(x) * (c[1] - c[0]) / t[2] + ) + + # now check a random spline vs splder + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.sort(np.random.random(30)) + y = np.random.random(30) + t, c, k = splrep(x, y) + + x = [t[0] - 1., t[-1] + 1.] + tck2 = splder((t, c, k), k) + xp_assert_close(splev(x, (t, c, k), k), splev(x, tck2)) + + +def test_splprep_segfault(): + # regression test for gh-3847: splprep segfaults if knots are specified + # for task=-1 + t = np.arange(0, 1.1, 0.1) + x = np.sin(2*np.pi*t) + y = np.cos(2*np.pi*t) + tck, u = splprep([x, y], s=0) + np.arange(0, 1.01, 0.01) + + uknots = tck[0] # using the knots from the previous fitting + tck, u = splprep([x, y], task=-1, t=uknots) # here is the crash + + +@pytest.mark.skipif(dfitpack_int == np.int64, + reason='Will crash (see gh-23396), test only meant for 32-bit overflow') +def test_bisplev_integer_overflow(): + np.random.seed(1) + + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + y = x + z = np.random.randn(11, 11).ravel() + kx = 1 + ky = 1 + + nx, tx, ny, ty, c, fp, ier = regrid_smth( + x, y, z, None, None, None, None, kx=kx, ky=ky, s=0.0) + tck = (tx[:nx], ty[:ny], c[:(nx - kx - 1) * (ny - ky - 1)], kx, ky) + + xp = np.zeros([2621440]) + yp = np.zeros([2621440]) + + assert_raises((RuntimeError, MemoryError), bisplev, xp, yp, tck) + + +@pytest.mark.xslow +def test_gh_1766(): + # this should fail gracefully instead of segfaulting (int overflow) + size = 22 + kx, ky = 3, 3 + def f2(x, y): + return np.sin(x+y) + + x = np.linspace(0, 10, size) + y = np.linspace(50, 700, size) + xy = makepairs(x, y) + tck = bisplrep(xy[0], xy[1], f2(xy[0], xy[1]), s=0, kx=kx, ky=ky) + # the size value here can either segfault + # or produce a MemoryError on main + tx_ty_size = 500000 + tck[0] = np.arange(tx_ty_size) + tck[1] = np.arange(tx_ty_size) * 4 + tt_0 = np.arange(50) + tt_1 = np.arange(50) * 3 + with pytest.raises(MemoryError): + bisplev(tt_0, tt_1, tck, 1, 1) + + +def test_spalde_scalar_input(): + # Ticket #629 + x = np.linspace(0, 10) + y = x**3 + tck = splrep(x, y, k=3, t=[5]) + res = spalde(np.float64(1), tck) + des = np.array([1., 3., 6., 6.]) + assert_almost_equal(res, des) + + +def test_spalde_nc(): + # regression test for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/19002 + # here len(t) = 29 and len(c) = 25 (== len(t) - k - 1) + x = np.asarray([-10., -9., -8., -7., -6., -5., -4., -3., -2.5, -2., -1.5, + -1., -0.5, 0., 0.5, 1., 1.5, 2., 2.5, 3., 4., 5., 6.], + dtype="float") + t = [-10.0, -10.0, -10.0, -10.0, -9.0, -8.0, -7.0, -6.0, -5.0, -4.0, -3.0, + -2.5, -2.0, -1.5, -1.0, -0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, + 5.0, 6.0, 6.0, 6.0, 6.0] + c = np.asarray([1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., + 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]) + k = 3 + + res = spalde(x, (t, c, k)) + res = np.vstack(res) + res_splev = np.asarray([splev(x, (t, c, k), nu) for nu in range(4)]) + xp_assert_close(res, res_splev.T, atol=1e-15) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack2.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack2.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7f1befcffb545091d1874e54ffdace7d9fa79787 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_fitpack2.py @@ -0,0 +1,1474 @@ +# Created by Pearu Peterson, June 2003 +import itertools +import sys +import warnings + +import numpy as np +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, assert_almost_equal, assert_array_almost_equal +) + +from numpy import array, diff, linspace, meshgrid, ones, pi, shape +from scipy.interpolate._fitpack_py import bisplrep, bisplev, splrep, spalde +from scipy.interpolate._fitpack2 import (UnivariateSpline, + LSQUnivariateSpline, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + LSQBivariateSpline, SmoothBivariateSpline, RectBivariateSpline, + LSQSphereBivariateSpline, SmoothSphereBivariateSpline, + RectSphereBivariateSpline) + +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + +from scipy.interpolate import make_splrep, NdBSpline + +def convert_to_ndbspline(lut): + tx, ty = lut.get_knots() + kx, ky = lut.degrees + nx, ny = len(tx), len(ty) + c = lut.get_coeffs().reshape((nx - kx - 1, ny - ky - 1)) + return NdBSpline((tx, ty), c, (kx, ky)) + +class TestUnivariateSpline: + def test_linear_constant(self): + x = [1,2,3] + y = [3,3,3] + lut = UnivariateSpline(x,y,k=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_knots(), [1, 3]) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_coeffs(), [3, 3]) + assert abs(lut.get_residual()) < 1e-10 + assert_array_almost_equal(lut([1, 1.5, 2]), [3, 3, 3]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("bc_type", [None, 'periodic']) + def test_linear_constant_periodic(self, bc_type): + x = [1,2,3] + y = [3,3,3] + lut = UnivariateSpline(x,y,k=1) + + spl = make_splrep(x, y, k=1, s=len(x), bc_type=bc_type) + xp_assert_close(spl.t[1:-1], lut.get_knots(), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(spl.c, lut.get_coeffs(), atol=1e-15) + + def test_preserve_shape(self): + x = [1, 2, 3] + y = [0, 2, 4] + lut = UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=1) + arg = 2 + assert shape(arg) == shape(lut(arg)) + assert shape(arg) == shape(lut(arg, nu=1)) + arg = [1.5, 2, 2.5] + assert shape(arg) == shape(lut(arg)) + assert shape(arg) == shape(lut(arg, nu=1)) + + def test_linear_1d(self): + x = [1,2,3] + y = [0,2,4] + lut = UnivariateSpline(x,y,k=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_knots(),[1,3]) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_coeffs(),[0,4]) + assert abs(lut.get_residual()) < 1e-15 + assert_array_almost_equal(lut([1,1.5,2]),[0,1,2]) + + def test_subclassing(self): + # See #731 + + class ZeroSpline(UnivariateSpline): + def __call__(self, x): + return 0*array(x) + + sp = ZeroSpline([1,2,3,4,5], [3,2,3,2,3], k=2) + xp_assert_equal(sp([1.5, 2.5]), [0., 0.]) + + def test_empty_input(self): + # Test whether empty input returns an empty output. Ticket 1014 + x = [1,3,5,7,9] + y = [0,4,9,12,21] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=3) + xp_assert_equal(spl([]), array([])) + + def test_roots(self): + x = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] + y = [0, 4, 9, 12, 21] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=3) + assert_almost_equal(spl.roots()[0], 1.050290639101332) + + def test_roots_length(self): # for gh18335 + x = np.linspace(0, 50 * np.pi, 1000) + y = np.cos(x) + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, s=0) + assert len(spl.roots()) == 50 + + def test_derivatives(self): + x = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9] + y = [0, 4, 9, 12, 21] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=3) + assert_almost_equal(spl.derivatives(3.5), + [5.5152902, 1.7146577, -0.1830357, 0.3125]) + + def test_derivatives_2(self): + x = np.arange(8) + y = x**3 + 2.*x**2 + + tck = splrep(x, y, s=0) + ders = spalde(3, tck) + xp_assert_close(ders, [45., # 3**3 + 2*(3)**2 + 39., # 3*(3)**2 + 4*(3) + 22., # 6*(3) + 4 + 6.], # 6*3**0 + atol=1e-15) + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, s=0, k=3) + xp_assert_close(spl.derivatives(3), + ders, + atol=1e-15) + + def test_resize_regression(self): + """Regression test for #1375.""" + x = [-1., -0.65016502, -0.58856235, -0.26903553, -0.17370892, + -0.10011001, 0., 0.10011001, 0.17370892, 0.26903553, 0.58856235, + 0.65016502, 1.] + y = [1.,0.62928599, 0.5797223, 0.39965815, 0.36322694, 0.3508061, + 0.35214793, 0.3508061, 0.36322694, 0.39965815, 0.5797223, + 0.62928599, 1.] + w = [1.00000000e+12, 6.88875973e+02, 4.89314737e+02, 4.26864807e+02, + 6.07746770e+02, 4.51341444e+02, 3.17480210e+02, 4.51341444e+02, + 6.07746770e+02, 4.26864807e+02, 4.89314737e+02, 6.88875973e+02, + 1.00000000e+12] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x=x, y=y, w=w, s=None) + desired = array([0.35100374, 0.51715855, 0.87789547, 0.98719344]) + xp_assert_close(spl([0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.99]), desired, atol=5e-4) + + def test_out_of_range_regression(self): + # Test different extrapolation modes. See ticket 3557 + x = np.arange(5, dtype=float) + y = x**3 + + xp = linspace(-8, 13, 100) + xp_zeros = xp.copy() + xp_zeros[np.logical_or(xp_zeros < 0., xp_zeros > 4.)] = 0 + xp_clip = xp.copy() + xp_clip[xp_clip < x[0]] = x[0] + xp_clip[xp_clip > x[-1]] = x[-1] + + for cls in [UnivariateSpline, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline]: + spl = cls(x=x, y=y) + for ext in [0, 'extrapolate']: + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=ext), xp**3, atol=1e-16) + xp_assert_close(cls(x, y, ext=ext)(xp), xp**3, atol=1e-16) + for ext in [1, 'zeros']: + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=ext), xp_zeros**3, atol=1e-16) + xp_assert_close(cls(x, y, ext=ext)(xp), xp_zeros**3, atol=1e-16) + for ext in [2, 'raise']: + assert_raises(ValueError, spl, xp, **dict(ext=ext)) + for ext in [3, 'const']: + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=ext), xp_clip**3, atol=2e-16) + xp_assert_close(cls(x, y, ext=ext)(xp), xp_clip**3, atol=2e-16) + + # also test LSQUnivariateSpline [which needs explicit knots] + t = spl.get_knots()[3:4] # interior knots w/ default k=3 + spl = LSQUnivariateSpline(x, y, t) + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=0), xp**3, atol=1e-16) + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=1), xp_zeros**3, atol=1e-16) + assert_raises(ValueError, spl, xp, **dict(ext=2)) + xp_assert_close(spl(xp, ext=3), xp_clip**3, atol=1e-16) + + # also make sure that unknown values for `ext` are caught early + for ext in [-1, 'unknown']: + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y) + assert_raises(ValueError, spl, xp, **dict(ext=ext)) + assert_raises(ValueError, UnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, ext=ext)) + + def test_lsq_fpchec(self): + xs = np.arange(100) * 1. + ys = np.arange(100) * 1. + knots = np.linspace(0, 99, 10) + bbox = (-1, 101) + assert_raises(ValueError, LSQUnivariateSpline, xs, ys, knots, + bbox=bbox) + + def test_derivative_and_antiderivative(self): + # Thin wrappers to splder/splantider, so light smoke test only. + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 70)**3 + y = np.cos(x) + + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, s=0) + spl2 = spl.antiderivative(2).derivative(2) + xp_assert_close(spl(0.3), spl2(0.3)) + + spl2 = spl.antiderivative(1) + xp_assert_close(spl2(0.6) - spl2(0.2), + spl.integral(0.2, 0.6)) + + def test_derivative_extrapolation(self): + # Regression test for gh-10195: for a const-extrapolation spline + # its derivative evaluates to zero for extrapolation + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 5] + f = UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, ext='const', k=3) + + x = [-1, 0, -0.5, 9, 9.5, 10] + xp_assert_close(f.derivative()(x), np.zeros_like(x), atol=1e-15) + + def test_integral_out_of_bounds(self): + # Regression test for gh-7906: .integral(a, b) is wrong if both + # a and b are out-of-bounds + x = np.linspace(0., 1., 7) + for ext in range(4): + f = UnivariateSpline(x, x, s=0, ext=ext) + for (a, b) in [(1, 1), (1, 5), (2, 5), + (0, 0), (-2, 0), (-2, -1)]: + assert abs(f.integral(a, b)) < 1e-15 + + def test_nan(self): + # bail out early if the input data contains nans + x = np.arange(10, dtype=float) + y = x**3 + w = np.ones_like(x) + # also test LSQUnivariateSpline [which needs explicit knots] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x, y, check_finite=True) + t = spl.get_knots()[3:4] # interior knots w/ default k=3 + y_end = y[-1] + for z in [np.nan, np.inf, -np.inf]: + y[-1] = z + assert_raises(ValueError, UnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, LSQUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, t=t, check_finite=True)) + y[-1] = y_end # check valid y but invalid w + w[-1] = z + assert_raises(ValueError, UnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, w=w, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, w=w, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, LSQUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, t=t, w=w, check_finite=True)) + + def test_strictly_increasing_x(self): + # Test the x is required to be strictly increasing for + # UnivariateSpline if s=0 and for InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + # but merely increasing for UnivariateSpline if s>0 + # and for LSQUnivariateSpline; see gh-8535 + xx = np.arange(10, dtype=float) + yy = xx**3 + x = np.arange(10, dtype=float) + x[1] = x[0] + y = x**3 + w = np.ones_like(x) + # also test LSQUnivariateSpline [which needs explicit knots] + spl = UnivariateSpline(xx, yy, check_finite=True) + t = spl.get_knots()[3:4] # interior knots w/ default k=3 + UnivariateSpline(x=x, y=y, w=w, s=1, check_finite=True) + LSQUnivariateSpline(x=x, y=y, t=t, w=w, check_finite=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, UnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, s=0, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, check_finite=True)) + + def test_increasing_x(self): + # Test that x is required to be increasing, see gh-8535 + xx = np.arange(10, dtype=float) + yy = xx**3 + x = np.arange(10, dtype=float) + x[1] = x[0] - 1.0 + y = x**3 + w = np.ones_like(x) + # also test LSQUnivariateSpline [which needs explicit knots] + spl = UnivariateSpline(xx, yy, check_finite=True) + t = spl.get_knots()[3:4] # interior knots w/ default k=3 + assert_raises(ValueError, UnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, InterpolatedUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, check_finite=True)) + assert_raises(ValueError, LSQUnivariateSpline, + **dict(x=x, y=y, t=t, w=w, check_finite=True)) + + def test_invalid_input_for_univariate_spline(self): + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5] + UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values) + assert "x and y should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 2.8] + w_values = [-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] + UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, w=w_values) + assert "x, y, and w should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + bbox = (-1) + UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (2,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, k=6) + assert "k should be 1 <= k <= 5" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, s=-1.0) + assert "s should be s >= 0.0" in str(info.value) + + def test_invalid_input_for_interpolated_univariate_spline(self): + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5] + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values) + assert "x and y should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 2.8] + w_values = [-1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, w=w_values) + assert "x, y, and w should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + bbox = (-1) + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (2,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + InterpolatedUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, k=6) + assert "k should be 1 <= k <= 5" in str(info.value) + + def test_invalid_input_for_lsq_univariate_spline(self): + + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 2.8] + spl = UnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, check_finite=True) + t_values = spl.get_knots()[3:4] # interior knots w/ default k=3 + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5] + LSQUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, t_values) + assert "x and y should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x_values = [1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5] + y_values = [0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 2.8] + w_values = [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0] + LSQUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, t_values, w=w_values) + assert "x, y, and w should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + message = "Interior knots t must satisfy Schoenberg-Whitney conditions" + with assert_raises(ValueError, match=message) as info: + bbox = (100, -100) + LSQUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, t_values, bbox=bbox) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + bbox = (-1) + LSQUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, t_values, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (2,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + LSQUnivariateSpline(x_values, y_values, t_values, k=6) + assert "k should be 1 <= k <= 5" in str(info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + x_values = np.array([1, 2, 4, 6, 8.5]) + y_values = np.array([0.5, 0.8, 1.3, 2.5, 2.8]) + w_values = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + bbox = np.array([-100, 100]) + # np.array input + spl1 = UnivariateSpline(x=x_values, y=y_values, w=w_values, + bbox=bbox) + # list input + spl2 = UnivariateSpline(x=x_values.tolist(), y=y_values.tolist(), + w=w_values.tolist(), bbox=bbox.tolist()) + + xp_assert_close(spl1([0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.99]), + spl2([0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.99])) + + def test_fpknot_oob_crash(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/3691 + x = range(109) + y = [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 10.9, 0., 11., 0., + 0., 0., 10.9, 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., + 10.9, 0., 0., 0., 11., 0., 0., 0., 10.9, + 0., 0., 0., 10.5, 0., 0., 0., 10.7, 0., + 0., 0., 11., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., + 10.9, 0., 0., 10.7, 0., 0., 0., 10.6, 0., + 0., 0., 10.5, 0., 0., 10.7, 0., 0., 10.5, + 0., 0., 11.5, 0., 0., 0., 10.7, 0., 0., + 10.7, 0., 0., 10.9, 0., 0., 10.8, 0., 0., + 0., 10.7, 0., 0., 10.6, 0., 0., 0., 10.4, + 0., 0., 10.6, 0., 0., 10.5, 0., 0., 0., + 10.7, 0., 0., 0., 10.4, 0., 0., 0., 10.8, 0.] + msg = r"does not satisfy the condition abs\(fp-s\)/s < tol" + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match=msg): + UnivariateSpline(x, y, k=1) + + def test_concurrency(self): + # Check that no segfaults appear with concurrent access to + # UnivariateSpline + xx = np.arange(100, dtype=float) + yy = xx**3 + x = np.arange(100, dtype=float) + x[1] = x[0] + spl = UnivariateSpline(xx, yy, check_finite=True) + + def worker_fn(_, interp, x): + interp(x) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, spl, x) + + +class TestLSQBivariateSpline: + # NOTE: The systems in this test class are rank-deficient + def test_linear_constant(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = [3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3] + s = 0.1 + tx = [1+s,3-s] + ty = [1+s,3-s] + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline") as r: + lut = LSQBivariateSpline(x,y,z,tx,ty,kx=1,ky=1) + assert len(r) == 1 + + assert_almost_equal(lut(2, 2), np.asarray(3.)) + + def test_bilinearity(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = [0,7,8,3,4,7,1,3,4] + s = 0.1 + tx = [1+s,3-s] + ty = [1+s,3-s] + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline"): + # This seems to fail (ier=1, see ticket 1642). + lut = LSQBivariateSpline(x,y,z,tx,ty,kx=1,ky=1) + + tx, ty = lut.get_knots() + for xa, xb in zip(tx[:-1], tx[1:]): + for ya, yb in zip(ty[:-1], ty[1:]): + for t in [0.1, 0.5, 0.9]: + for s in [0.3, 0.4, 0.7]: + xp = xa*(1-t) + xb*t + yp = ya*(1-s) + yb*s + zp = (+ lut(xa, ya)*(1-t)*(1-s) + + lut(xb, ya)*t*(1-s) + + lut(xa, yb)*(1-t)*s + + lut(xb, yb)*t*s) + assert_almost_equal(lut(xp,yp), zp) + + def test_integral(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,8,8,8] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = array([0,7,8,3,4,7,1,3,4]) + + s = 0.1 + tx = [1+s,3-s] + ty = [1+s,3-s] + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline") as r: + lut = LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, kx=1, ky=1) + assert len(r) == 1 + tx, ty = lut.get_knots() + tz = lut(tx, ty) + trpz = .25*(diff(tx)[:,None]*diff(ty)[None,:] + * (tz[:-1,:-1]+tz[1:,:-1]+tz[:-1,1:]+tz[1:,1:])).sum() + + assert_almost_equal(np.asarray(lut.integral(tx[0], tx[-1], ty[0], ty[-1])), + np.asarray(trpz)) + + def test_empty_input(self): + # Test whether empty inputs returns an empty output. Ticket 1014 + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = [3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3] + s = 0.1 + tx = [1+s,3-s] + ty = [1+s,3-s] + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline") as r: + lut = LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, kx=1, ky=1) + assert len(r) == 1 + + xp_assert_equal(lut([], []), np.zeros((0,0))) + xp_assert_equal(lut([], [], grid=False), np.zeros((0,))) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + s = 0.1 + tx = [1 + s, 3 - s] + ty = [1 + s, 3 - s] + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + y = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + z = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0, num=10) + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty) + assert "x, y, and z should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + y = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + z = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + w = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0, num=20) + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, w=w) + assert "x, y, z, and w should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + w = np.linspace(-1.0, 10.0) + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, w=w) + assert "w should be positive" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + bbox = (-100, 100, -100) + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (4,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, kx=10, ky=10) + assert "The length of x, y and z should be at least (kx+1) * (ky+1)" in \ + str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, eps=0.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, eps=1.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + s = 0.1 + tx = np.array([1 + s, 3 - s]) + ty = np.array([1 + s, 3 - s]) + x = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + y = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + z = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + w = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + bbox = np.array([1.0, 10.0, 1.0, 10.0]) + + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline") as r: + # np.array input + spl1 = LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, tx, ty, w=w, bbox=bbox) + # list input + spl2 = LSQBivariateSpline(x.tolist(), y.tolist(), z.tolist(), + tx.tolist(), ty.tolist(), w=w.tolist(), + bbox=bbox) + xp_assert_close(spl1(2.0, 2.0), spl2(2.0, 2.0)) + assert len(r) == 2 + + def test_unequal_length_of_knots(self): + """Test for the case when the input knot-location arrays in x and y are + of different lengths. + """ + x, y = np.mgrid[0:100, 0:100] + x = x.ravel() + y = y.ravel() + z = 3.0 * np.ones_like(x) + tx = np.linspace(0.1, 98.0, 29) + ty = np.linspace(0.1, 98.0, 33) + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline") as r: + lut = LSQBivariateSpline(x,y,z,tx,ty) + assert len(r) == 1 + + assert_almost_equal(lut(x, y, grid=False), z) + + +class TestSmoothBivariateSpline: + def test_linear_constant(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = [3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3] + lut = SmoothBivariateSpline(x,y,z,kx=1,ky=1) + for t in lut.get_knots(): + assert_array_almost_equal(t, [1, 1, 3, 3]) + + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_coeffs(), [3, 3, 3, 3]) + assert abs(lut.get_residual()) < 1e-15 + assert_array_almost_equal(lut([1, 1.5, 2], [1, 1.5]), [[3, 3], [3, 3], [3, 3]]) + + def test_linear_1d(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = [0,0,0,2,2,2,4,4,4] + lut = SmoothBivariateSpline(x,y,z,kx=1,ky=1) + for t in lut.get_knots(): + xp_assert_close(t, np.asarray([1.0, 1, 3, 3])) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut.get_coeffs(), [0, 0, 4, 4]) + assert abs(lut.get_residual()) < 1e-15 + assert_array_almost_equal(lut([1,1.5,2],[1,1.5]),[[0,0],[1,1],[2,2]]) + + def test_integral(self): + x = [1,1,1,2,2,2,4,4,4] + y = [1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3] + z = array([0,7,8,3,4,7,1,3,4]) + + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + # This seems to fail (ier=1, see ticket 1642). + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", "\nThe required storage space", UserWarning) + lut = SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, kx=1, ky=1, s=0) + + tx = [1,2,4] + ty = [1,2,3] + + tz = lut(tx, ty) + trpz = .25*(diff(tx)[:,None]*diff(ty)[None,:] + * (tz[:-1,:-1]+tz[1:,:-1]+tz[:-1,1:]+tz[1:,1:])).sum() + assert_almost_equal(np.asarray(lut.integral(tx[0], tx[-1], ty[0], ty[-1])), + np.asarray(trpz)) + + lut2 = SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, kx=2, ky=2, s=0) + assert_almost_equal(np.asarray(lut2.integral(tx[0], tx[-1], ty[0], ty[-1])), + np.asarray(trpz), + decimal=0) # the quadratures give 23.75 and 23.85 + + tz = lut(tx[:-1], ty[:-1]) + trpz = .25*(diff(tx[:-1])[:,None]*diff(ty[:-1])[None,:] + * (tz[:-1,:-1]+tz[1:,:-1]+tz[:-1,1:]+tz[1:,1:])).sum() + assert_almost_equal(np.asarray(lut.integral(tx[0], tx[-2], ty[0], ty[-2])), + np.asarray(trpz)) + + def test_rerun_lwrk2_too_small(self): + # in this setting, lwrk2 is too small in the default run. Here we + # check for equality with the bisplrep/bisplev output because there, + # an automatic re-run of the spline representation is done if ier>10. + x = np.linspace(-2, 2, 80) + y = np.linspace(-2, 2, 80) + z = x + y + xi = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100) + yi = np.linspace(-2, 2, 100) + tck = bisplrep(x, y, z) + res1 = bisplev(xi, yi, tck) + interp_ = SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + res2 = interp_(xi, yi) + assert_almost_equal(res1, res2) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + y = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + z = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0, num=10) + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + assert "x, y, and z should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + y = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + z = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0) + w = np.linspace(1.0, 10.0, num=20) + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, w=w) + assert "x, y, z, and w should have a same length" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + w = np.linspace(-1.0, 10.0) + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, w=w) + assert "w should be positive" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + bbox = (-100, 100, -100) + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (4,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, kx=10, ky=10) + assert "The length of x, y and z should be at least (kx+1) * (ky+1)" in\ + str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, s=-1.0) + assert "s should be s >= 0.0" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, eps=0.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, eps=1.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + x = np.array([1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]) + y = np.array([1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]) + z = np.array([3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]) + w = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]) + bbox = np.array([1.0, 3.0, 1.0, 3.0]) + # np.array input + spl1 = SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z, w=w, bbox=bbox, kx=1, ky=1) + # list input + spl2 = SmoothBivariateSpline(x.tolist(), y.tolist(), z.tolist(), + bbox=bbox.tolist(), w=w.tolist(), + kx=1, ky=1) + xp_assert_close(spl1(0.1, 0.5), spl2(0.1, 0.5)) + + +class TestLSQSphereBivariateSpline: + def setup_method(self): + # define the input data and coordinates + ntheta, nphi = 70, 90 + theta = linspace(0.5/(ntheta - 1), 1 - 0.5/(ntheta - 1), ntheta) * pi + phi = linspace(0.5/(nphi - 1), 1 - 0.5/(nphi - 1), nphi) * 2. * pi + data = ones((theta.shape[0], phi.shape[0])) + # define knots and extract data values at the knots + knotst = theta[::5] + knotsp = phi[::5] + knotdata = data[::5, ::5] + # calculate spline coefficients + lats, lons = meshgrid(theta, phi) + lut_lsq = LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + self.lut_lsq = lut_lsq + self.data = knotdata + self.new_lons, self.new_lats = knotsp, knotst + + def test_linear_constant(self): + assert abs(self.lut_lsq.get_residual()) < 1e-15 + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut_lsq(self.new_lats, self.new_lons), + self.data) + + def test_empty_input(self): + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut_lsq([], []), np.zeros((0,0))) + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut_lsq([], [], grid=False), np.zeros((0,))) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + ntheta, nphi = 70, 90 + theta = linspace(0.5 / (ntheta - 1), 1 - 0.5 / (ntheta - 1), + ntheta) * pi + phi = linspace(0.5 / (nphi - 1), 1 - 0.5 / (nphi - 1), nphi) * 2. * pi + data = ones((theta.shape[0], phi.shape[0])) + # define knots and extract data values at the knots + knotst = theta[::5] + knotsp = phi[::5] + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_theta = linspace(-0.1, 1.0, num=ntheta) * pi + invalid_lats, lons = meshgrid(invalid_theta, phi) + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(invalid_lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + assert "theta should be between [0, pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_theta = linspace(0.1, 1.1, num=ntheta) * pi + invalid_lats, lons = meshgrid(invalid_theta, phi) + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(invalid_lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + assert "theta should be between [0, pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_phi = linspace(-0.1, 1.0, num=ntheta) * 2.0 * pi + lats, invalid_lons = meshgrid(theta, invalid_phi) + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), invalid_lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + assert "phi should be between [0, 2pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_phi = linspace(0.0, 1.1, num=ntheta) * 2.0 * pi + lats, invalid_lons = meshgrid(theta, invalid_phi) + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), invalid_lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp) + assert "phi should be between [0, 2pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + lats, lons = meshgrid(theta, phi) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_knotst = np.copy(knotst) + invalid_knotst[0] = -0.1 + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), invalid_knotst, knotsp) + assert "tt should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_knotst = np.copy(knotst) + invalid_knotst[0] = pi + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), invalid_knotst, knotsp) + assert "tt should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_knotsp = np.copy(knotsp) + invalid_knotsp[0] = -0.1 + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, invalid_knotsp) + assert "tp should be between (0, 2pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_knotsp = np.copy(knotsp) + invalid_knotsp[0] = 2 * pi + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, invalid_knotsp) + assert "tp should be between (0, 2pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_w = array([-1.0, 1.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0]) + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), data.T.ravel(), + knotst, knotsp, w=invalid_w) + assert "w should be positive" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), data.T.ravel(), + knotst, knotsp, eps=0.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), data.T.ravel(), + knotst, knotsp, eps=1.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + ntheta, nphi = 70, 90 + theta = linspace(0.5 / (ntheta - 1), 1 - 0.5 / (ntheta - 1), + ntheta) * pi + phi = linspace(0.5 / (nphi - 1), 1 - 0.5 / (nphi - 1), + nphi) * 2. * pi + lats, lons = meshgrid(theta, phi) + data = ones((theta.shape[0], phi.shape[0])) + # define knots and extract data values at the knots + knotst = theta[::5] + knotsp = phi[::5] + w = ones(lats.ravel().shape[0]) + + # np.array input + spl1 = LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel(), lons.ravel(), + data.T.ravel(), knotst, knotsp, w=w) + # list input + spl2 = LSQSphereBivariateSpline(lats.ravel().tolist(), + lons.ravel().tolist(), + data.T.ravel().tolist(), + knotst.tolist(), + knotsp.tolist(), w=w.tolist()) + assert_array_almost_equal(spl1(1.0, 1.0), spl2(1.0, 1.0)) + + +class TestSmoothSphereBivariateSpline: + def setup_method(self): + theta = array([.25*pi, .25*pi, .25*pi, .5*pi, .5*pi, .5*pi, .75*pi, + .75*pi, .75*pi]) + phi = array([.5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, + 1.5 * pi]) + r = array([3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]) + self.lut = SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, s=1E10) + + def test_linear_constant(self): + assert abs(self.lut.get_residual()) < 1e-15 + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut([1, 1.5, 2],[1, 1.5]), + [[3, 3], [3, 3], [3, 3]]) + + def test_empty_input(self): + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut([], []), np.zeros((0,0))) + assert_array_almost_equal(self.lut([], [], grid=False), np.zeros((0,))) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + theta = array([.25 * pi, .25 * pi, .25 * pi, .5 * pi, .5 * pi, .5 * pi, + .75 * pi, .75 * pi, .75 * pi]) + phi = array([.5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, + 1.5 * pi]) + r = array([3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_theta = array([-0.1 * pi, .25 * pi, .25 * pi, .5 * pi, + .5 * pi, .5 * pi, .75 * pi, .75 * pi, + .75 * pi]) + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(invalid_theta, phi, r, s=1E10) + assert "theta should be between [0, pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_theta = array([.25 * pi, .25 * pi, .25 * pi, .5 * pi, + .5 * pi, .5 * pi, .75 * pi, .75 * pi, + 1.1 * pi]) + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(invalid_theta, phi, r, s=1E10) + assert "theta should be between [0, pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_phi = array([-.1 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, + .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi]) + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, invalid_phi, r, s=1E10) + assert "phi should be between [0, 2pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_phi = array([1.0 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, + .5 * pi, pi, 2.1 * pi]) + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, invalid_phi, r, s=1E10) + assert "phi should be between [0, 2pi]" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + invalid_w = array([-1.0, 1.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0]) + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, w=invalid_w, s=1E10) + assert "w should be positive" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, s=-1.0) + assert "s should be positive" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, eps=-1.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, eps=1.0) + assert "eps should be between (0, 1)" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + theta = np.array([.25 * pi, .25 * pi, .25 * pi, .5 * pi, .5 * pi, + .5 * pi, .75 * pi, .75 * pi, .75 * pi]) + phi = np.array([.5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, pi, 1.5 * pi, .5 * pi, + pi, 1.5 * pi]) + r = np.array([3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3]) + w = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + # np.array input + spl1 = SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta, phi, r, w=w, s=1E10) + + # list input + spl2 = SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(theta.tolist(), phi.tolist(), + r.tolist(), w=w.tolist(), s=1E10) + assert_array_almost_equal(spl1(1.0, 1.0), spl2(1.0, 1.0)) + + +class TestRectBivariateSpline: + def test_defaults(self): + x = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + y = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1]]) + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y),z) + + def test_evaluate(self): + x = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + y = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1]]) + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + + xi = [1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3] + yi = [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3] + zi = lut.ev(xi, yi) + zi2 = array([lut(xp, yp)[0,0] for xp, yp in zip(xi, yi)]) + + assert_almost_equal(zi, zi2) + + def test_derivatives_grid(self): + x = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + y = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1]]) + dx = array([[0,0,-20,0,0],[0,0,13,0,0],[0,0,4,0,0], + [0,0,-11,0,0],[0,0,4,0,0]])/6. + dy = array([[4,-1,0,1,-4],[4,-1,0,1,-4],[0,1.5,0,-1.5,0], + [2,.25,0,-.25,-2],[4,-1,0,1,-4]]) + dxdy = array([[40,-25,0,25,-40],[-26,16.25,0,-16.25,26], + [-8,5,0,-5,8],[22,-13.75,0,13.75,-22],[-8,5,0,-5,8]])/6. + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dx=1),dx) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dy=1),dy) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dx=1,dy=1),dxdy) + + def test_derivatives(self): + x = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + y = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1]]) + dx = array([0,0,2./3,0,0]) + dy = array([4,-1,0,-.25,-4]) + dxdy = array([160,65,0,55,32])/24. + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dx=1,grid=False),dx) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dy=1,grid=False),dy) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y,dx=1,dy=1,grid=False),dxdy) + + def make_pair_grid(self, x, y): + """ + Create an array of (xi, yi) pairs for all xi in x and yi in y, + and reshape it to the desired shape. + + Parameters + ---------- + x : array_like + 1D array of x-values. + y : array_like + 1D array of y-values. + dest_shape : tuple + Desired output shape. + + Returns + ------- + np.ndarray + Reshaped array of (x, y) pairs. + """ + return np.array([[xi, yi] for xi in x for yi in y]) + + def test_partial_derivative_method_grid(self): + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + dx = array([[0, 0, -20, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 13, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 4, 0, 0], + [0, 0, -11, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 4, 0, 0]]) / 6. + dy = array([[4, -1, 0, 1, -4], + [4, -1, 0, 1, -4], + [0, 1.5, 0, -1.5, 0], + [2, .25, 0, -.25, -2], + [4, -1, 0, 1, -4]]) + dxdy = array([[40, -25, 0, 25, -40], + [-26, 16.25, 0, -16.25, 26], + [-8, 5, 0, -5, 8], + [22, -13.75, 0, 13.75, -22], + [-8, 5, 0, -5, 8]]) / 6. + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + lut_ndbspline = convert_to_ndbspline(lut) + for orders, expected in [([1, 0], dx), ([0, 1], dy), ([1, 1], dxdy)]: + actual_rect = lut.partial_derivative(*orders)(x, y) + actual_ndb = lut_ndbspline.derivative(orders)( + self.make_pair_grid(x, y) + ).reshape(expected.shape) + + assert_array_almost_equal(actual_rect, expected) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual_ndb, expected) + + def test_partial_derivative_method(self): + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + expected = { + (1, 0): array([0, 0, 2./3, 0, 0]), # dx + (0, 1): array([4, -1, 0, -.25, -4]), # dy + (1, 1): array([160, 65, 0, 55, 32]) / 24. # dxdy + } + + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + lut_ndbspline = convert_to_ndbspline(lut) + + points = self.make_pair_grid(x, y) # shape: (25, 2) + + # Evaluate only the diagonal points: (x[i], y[i]) + diag_idx = np.arange(len(x)) + diag_points = points[diag_idx * len(y) + diag_idx] + + for orders, expected_vals in expected.items(): + dx, dy = orders + # RectBivariateSpline result + actual_rbs = lut.partial_derivative(dx, dy)(x, y, grid=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual_rbs, expected_vals) + + # NdBSpline result + actual_ndb = lut_ndbspline.derivative([dx, dy])(diag_points) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual_ndb, expected_vals) + + def test_partial_derivative_order_too_large(self): + x = array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4], dtype=float) + y = x.copy() + z = ones((x.size, y.size)) + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + lut_ndbspline = convert_to_ndbspline(lut) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + lut.partial_derivative(4, 1) + + assert (lut_ndbspline.derivative([4, 1]).c == 0.0).all() + + def test_broadcast(self): + x = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + y = array([1,2,3,4,5]) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1]]) + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y), lut(x[:,None], y[None,:], grid=False)) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = array([6, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + assert "x must be strictly increasing" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([2, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + assert "y must be strictly increasing" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1]]) + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + assert "x dimension of z must have same number of elements as x"\ + in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2], [1, 2, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3, 2], + [1, 2, 2, 2], [1, 2, 1, 2]]) + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + assert "y dimension of z must have same number of elements as y"\ + in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + bbox = (-100, 100, -100) + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z, bbox=bbox) + assert "bbox shape should be (4,)" in str(info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as info: + RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z, s=-1.0) + assert "s should be s >= 0.0" in str(info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + x = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + y = array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + bbox = array([1, 5, 1, 5]) + + spl1 = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z, bbox=bbox) + spl2 = RectBivariateSpline(x.tolist(), y.tolist(), z.tolist(), + bbox=bbox.tolist()) + assert_array_almost_equal(spl1(1.0, 1.0), spl2(1.0, 1.0)) + + def test_not_increasing_input(self): + # gh-8565 + NSamp = 20 + Theta = np.random.uniform(0, np.pi, NSamp) + Phi = np.random.uniform(0, 2 * np.pi, NSamp) + Data = np.ones(NSamp) + + Interpolator = SmoothSphereBivariateSpline(Theta, Phi, Data, s=3.5) + + NLon = 6 + NLat = 3 + GridPosLats = np.arange(NLat) / NLat * np.pi + GridPosLons = np.arange(NLon) / NLon * 2 * np.pi + + # No error + Interpolator(GridPosLats, GridPosLons) + + nonGridPosLats = GridPosLats.copy() + nonGridPosLats[2] = 0.001 + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + Interpolator(nonGridPosLats, GridPosLons) + assert "x must be strictly increasing" in str(exc_info.value) + + nonGridPosLons = GridPosLons.copy() + nonGridPosLons[2] = 0.001 + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + Interpolator(GridPosLats, nonGridPosLons) + assert "y must be strictly increasing" in str(exc_info.value) + + def _sample_large_2d_data(self, nx, ny): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1) + x = np.arange(nx) + y = np.arange(ny) + z = rng.integers(0, 100, (nx, ny)) + + return x, y, z.astype(np.float64) + + @pytest.mark.slow() + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(350, 850), (2000, 170)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('s_tols', [(0, 1e-12, 1e-7), + (1, 7e-3, 1e-4), + (3, 2e-2, 1e-4)]) + def test_spline_large_2d(self, shape, s_tols): + # Reference - https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17787 + nx, ny = shape + s, atol, rtol = s_tols + x, y, z = self._sample_large_2d_data(nx, ny) + + spl = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z, s=s) + z_spl = spl(x, y) + assert(not np.isnan(z_spl).any()) + xp_assert_close(z_spl, z, atol=atol, rtol=rtol) + + @pytest.mark.slow() + @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.maxsize <= 2**32, reason="Segfaults on 32-bit system " + "due to large input data") + def test_spline_large_2d_maxit(self): + # Reference - for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17787 + nx, ny = 1000, 1700 + s, atol, rtol = 2, 2e-2, 1e-12 + x, y, z = self._sample_large_2d_data(nx, ny) + + spl = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z, s=s, maxit=25) + z_spl = spl(x, y) + assert(not np.isnan(z_spl).any()) + xp_assert_close(z_spl, z, atol=atol, rtol=rtol) + + +class TestRectSphereBivariateSpline: + def test_defaults(self): + y = linspace(0.01, 2*pi-0.01, 7) + x = linspace(0.01, pi-0.01, 7) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,2,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,1,2,1,2,1]]) + lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + assert_array_almost_equal(lut(x,y),z) + + def test_evaluate(self): + y = linspace(0.01, 2*pi-0.01, 7) + x = linspace(0.01, pi-0.01, 7) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,2,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,1,2,1,2,1]]) + lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + yi = [0.2, 1, 2.3, 2.35, 3.0, 3.99, 5.25] + xi = [1.5, 0.4, 1.1, 0.45, 0.2345, 1., 0.0001] + zi = lut.ev(xi, yi) + zi2 = array([lut(xp, yp)[0,0] for xp, yp in zip(xi, yi)]) + assert_almost_equal(zi, zi2) + + def test_invalid_input(self): + data = np.dot(np.atleast_2d(90. - np.linspace(-80., 80., 18)).T, + np.atleast_2d(180. - np.abs(np.linspace(0., 350., 9)))).T + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(-1, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(0, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "u should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 181, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(0, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "u should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(-181, 10, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "v[0] should be between [-pi, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(-10, 360, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "v[-1] should be v[0] + 2pi or less" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(10, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data, s=-1) + assert "s should be positive" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_derivatives_grid(self): + y = linspace(0.01, 2*pi-0.01, 7) + x = linspace(0.01, pi-0.01, 7) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,2,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,1,2,1,2,1]]) + + lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + + y = linspace(0.02, 2*pi-0.02, 7) + x = linspace(0.02, pi-0.02, 7) + + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dtheta=1), _numdiff_2d(lut, x, y, dx=1), + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dphi=1), _numdiff_2d(lut, x, y, dy=1), + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, dphi=1), + _numdiff_2d(lut, x, y, dx=1, dy=1, eps=1e-6), + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-3) + + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dtheta=1), + lut.partial_derivative(1, 0)(x, y)) + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dphi=1), + lut.partial_derivative(0, 1)(x, y)) + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, dphi=1), + lut.partial_derivative(1, 1)(x, y)) + + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, grid=False), + lut.partial_derivative(1, 0)(x, y, grid=False)) + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dphi=1, grid=False), + lut.partial_derivative(0, 1)(x, y, grid=False)) + xp_assert_equal(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, dphi=1, grid=False), + lut.partial_derivative(1, 1)(x, y, grid=False)) + + def test_derivatives(self): + y = linspace(0.01, 2*pi-0.01, 7) + x = linspace(0.01, pi-0.01, 7) + z = array([[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,3,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,2,2,1,2,1],[1,2,1,2,1,2,1],[1,2,2,2,1,2,1], + [1,2,1,2,1,2,1]]) + + lut = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x,y,z) + + y = linspace(0.02, 2*pi-0.02, 7) + x = linspace(0.02, pi-0.02, 7) + + assert lut(x, y, dtheta=1, grid=False).shape == x.shape + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, grid=False), + _numdiff_2d(lambda x,y: lut(x,y,grid=False), x, y, dx=1), + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dphi=1, grid=False), + _numdiff_2d(lambda x,y: lut(x,y,grid=False), x, y, dy=1), + rtol=1e-4, atol=1e-4) + xp_assert_close(lut(x, y, dtheta=1, dphi=1, grid=False), + _numdiff_2d(lambda x,y: lut(x,y,grid=False), + x, y, dx=1, dy=1, eps=1e-6), + rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-3) + + def test_invalid_input_2(self): + data = np.dot(np.atleast_2d(90. - np.linspace(-80., 80., 18)).T, + np.atleast_2d(180. - np.abs(np.linspace(0., 350., 9)))).T + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(0, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(0, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "u should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 180, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(0, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "u should be between (0, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(-181, 10, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "v[0] should be between [-pi, pi)" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(-10, 360, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data) + assert "v[-1] should be v[0] + 2pi or less" in str(exc_info.value) + + with assert_raises(ValueError) as exc_info: + lats = np.linspace(10, 170, 9) * np.pi / 180. + lons = np.linspace(10, 350, 18) * np.pi / 180. + RectSphereBivariateSpline(lats, lons, data, s=-1) + assert "s should be positive" in str(exc_info.value) + + def test_array_like_input(self): + y = linspace(0.01, 2 * pi - 0.01, 7) + x = linspace(0.01, pi - 0.01, 7) + z = array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + # np.array input + spl1 = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + # list input + spl2 = RectSphereBivariateSpline(x.tolist(), y.tolist(), z.tolist()) + assert_array_almost_equal(spl1(x, y), spl2(x, y)) + + def test_negative_evaluation(self): + lats = np.array([25, 30, 35, 40, 45]) + lons = np.array([-90, -85, -80, -75, 70]) + mesh = np.meshgrid(lats, lons) + data = mesh[0] + mesh[1] # lon + lat value + lat_r = np.radians(lats) + lon_r = np.radians(lons) + interpolator = RectSphereBivariateSpline(lat_r, lon_r, data) + query_lat = np.radians(np.array([35, 37.5])) + query_lon = np.radians(np.array([-80, -77.5])) + data_interp = interpolator(query_lat, query_lon) + ans = np.array([[-45.0, -42.480862], + [-49.0625, -46.54315]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(data_interp, ans) + + def test_pole_continuity_gh_14591(self): + # regression test for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/14591 + # with pole_continuty=(True, True), the internal work array size + # was too small, leading to a FITPACK data validation error. + + # The reproducer in gh-14591 was using a NetCDF4 file with + # 361x507 arrays, so here we trivialize array sizes to a minimum + # which still demonstrates the issue. + u = np.arange(1, 10) * np.pi / 10 + v = np.arange(1, 10) * np.pi / 10 + r = np.zeros((9, 9)) + for p in [(True, True), (True, False), (False, False)]: + RectSphereBivariateSpline(u, v, r, s=0, pole_continuity=p) + + +def _numdiff_2d(func, x, y, dx=0, dy=0, eps=1e-8): + if dx == 0 and dy == 0: + return func(x, y) + elif dx == 1 and dy == 0: + return (func(x + eps, y) - func(x - eps, y)) / (2*eps) + elif dx == 0 and dy == 1: + return (func(x, y + eps) - func(x, y - eps)) / (2*eps) + elif dx == 1 and dy == 1: + return (func(x + eps, y + eps) - func(x - eps, y + eps) + - func(x + eps, y - eps) + func(x - eps, y - eps)) / (2*eps)**2 + else: + raise ValueError("invalid derivative order") + + +class Test_DerivedBivariateSpline: + """Test the creation, usage, and attribute access of the (private) + _DerivedBivariateSpline class. + """ + def setup_method(self): + x = np.concatenate(list(zip(range(10), range(10)))) + y = np.concatenate(list(zip(range(10), range(1, 11)))) + z = np.concatenate((np.linspace(3, 1, 10), np.linspace(1, 3, 10))) + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="\nThe coefficients of the spline"): + self.lut_lsq = LSQBivariateSpline(x, y, z, + linspace(0.5, 19.5, 4), + linspace(1.5, 20.5, 4), + eps=1e-2) + self.lut_smooth = SmoothBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + xx = linspace(0, 1, 20) + yy = xx + 1.0 + zz = array([np.roll(z, i) for i in range(z.size)]) + self.lut_rect = RectBivariateSpline(xx, yy, zz) + self.orders = list(itertools.product(range(3), range(3))) + + def test_creation_from_LSQ(self): + for nux, nuy in self.orders: + lut_der = self.lut_lsq.partial_derivative(nux, nuy) + a = lut_der(3.5, 3.5, grid=False) + b = self.lut_lsq(3.5, 3.5, dx=nux, dy=nuy, grid=False) + assert a == b + + def test_creation_from_Smooth(self): + for nux, nuy in self.orders: + lut_der = self.lut_smooth.partial_derivative(nux, nuy) + a = lut_der(5.5, 5.5, grid=False) + b = self.lut_smooth(5.5, 5.5, dx=nux, dy=nuy, grid=False) + assert a == b + + def test_creation_from_Rect(self): + for nux, nuy in self.orders: + lut_der = self.lut_rect.partial_derivative(nux, nuy) + lut_ndspline = convert_to_ndbspline(self.lut_rect) + lut_der_ndbspline = lut_ndspline.derivative((nux, nuy)) + a = lut_der(0.5, 1.5, grid=False) + a_ndbspline = lut_der_ndbspline([(0.5, 1.5)]) + b = self.lut_rect(0.5, 1.5, dx=nux, dy=nuy, grid=False) + b_ndbspline = lut_ndspline([(0.5, 1.5)], nu=(nux, nuy)) + assert a == b + assert_almost_equal(a_ndbspline, b_ndbspline) + + def test_invalid_attribute_fp(self): + der = self.lut_rect.partial_derivative(1, 1) + lut_ndspline = convert_to_ndbspline(self.lut_rect) + der_ndbspline = lut_ndspline.derivative((1, 1)) + with assert_raises(AttributeError): + der.fp + with assert_raises(AttributeError): + der_ndbspline.fp + + def test_invalid_attribute_get_residual(self): + der = self.lut_smooth.partial_derivative(1, 1) + with assert_raises(AttributeError): + der.get_residual() diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_gil.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_gil.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..48197062e0b83a9ef54e45089d9089d49b8ad367 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_gil.py @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +import itertools +import threading +import time + +import numpy as np +import pytest +import scipy.interpolate + + +class TestGIL: + """Check if the GIL is properly released by scipy.interpolate functions.""" + + def setup_method(self): + self.messages = [] + + def log(self, message): + self.messages.append(message) + + def make_worker_thread(self, target, args): + log = self.log + + class WorkerThread(threading.Thread): + def run(self): + log('interpolation started') + target(*args) + log('interpolation complete') + + return WorkerThread() + + @pytest.mark.xslow + @pytest.mark.xfail(reason='race conditions, may depend on system load') + def test_rectbivariatespline(self): + def generate_params(n_points): + x = y = np.linspace(0, 1000, n_points) + x_grid, y_grid = np.meshgrid(x, y) + z = x_grid * y_grid + return x, y, z + + def calibrate_delay(requested_time): + for n_points in itertools.count(5000, 1000): + args = generate_params(n_points) + time_started = time.time() + interpolate(*args) + if time.time() - time_started > requested_time: + return args + + def interpolate(x, y, z): + scipy.interpolate.RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + + args = calibrate_delay(requested_time=3) + worker_thread = self.make_worker_thread(interpolate, args) + worker_thread.start() + for i in range(3): + time.sleep(0.5) + self.log('working') + worker_thread.join() + assert self.messages == [ + 'interpolation started', + 'working', + 'working', + 'working', + 'interpolation complete', + ] + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpnd.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpnd.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2fcf9a07ece66003427c8c4de669d428577421c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpnd.py @@ -0,0 +1,454 @@ +import os +import sys +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_assert_close, assert_almost_equal + +from scipy._lib._testutils import check_free_memory +import scipy.interpolate._interpnd as interpnd +import scipy.spatial._qhull as qhull + +import pickle +import threading + +_IS_32BIT = (sys.maxsize < 2**32) + + +def data_file(basename): + return os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), + 'data', basename) + + +class TestLinearNDInterpolation: + def test_smoketest(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + + yi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(x, y)(x) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + + def test_smoketest_alternate(self): + # Test at single points, alternate calling convention + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + + yi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator((x[:,0], x[:,1]), y)(x[:,0], x[:,1]) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + + def test_complex_smoketest(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + yi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(x, y)(x) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + + def test_tri_input(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + interpolator = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(tri, y) + yi = interpolator(x) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + assert interpolator.tri is tri + + def test_square(self): + # Test barycentric interpolation on a square against a manual + # implementation + + points = np.array([(0,0), (0,1), (1,1), (1,0)], dtype=np.float64) + values = np.array([1., 2., -3., 5.], dtype=np.float64) + + # NB: assume triangles (0, 1, 3) and (1, 2, 3) + # + # 1----2 + # | \ | + # | \ | + # 0----3 + + def ip(x, y): + t1 = (x + y <= 1) + t2 = ~t1 + + x1 = x[t1] + y1 = y[t1] + + x2 = x[t2] + y2 = y[t2] + + z = 0*x + + z[t1] = (values[0]*(1 - x1 - y1) + + values[1]*y1 + + values[3]*x1) + + z[t2] = (values[2]*(x2 + y2 - 1) + + values[1]*(1 - x2) + + values[3]*(1 - y2)) + return z + + xx, yy = np.broadcast_arrays(np.linspace(0, 1, 14)[:,None], + np.linspace(0, 1, 14)[None,:]) + xx = xx.ravel() + yy = yy.ravel() + + xi = np.array([xx, yy]).T.copy() + zi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(points, values)(xi) + + assert_almost_equal(zi, ip(xx, yy)) + + def test_smoketest_rescale(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0, 0), (-5, -5), (-5, 5), (5, 5), (2.5, 3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + + yi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(x, y, rescale=True)(x) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + + def test_square_rescale(self): + # Test barycentric interpolation on a rectangle with rescaling + # agaings the same implementation without rescaling + + points = np.array([(0,0), (0,100), (10,100), (10,0)], dtype=np.float64) + values = np.array([1., 2., -3., 5.], dtype=np.float64) + + xx, yy = np.broadcast_arrays(np.linspace(0, 10, 14)[:,None], + np.linspace(0, 100, 14)[None,:]) + xx = xx.ravel() + yy = yy.ravel() + xi = np.array([xx, yy]).T.copy() + zi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(points, values)(xi) + zi_rescaled = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(points, values, + rescale=True)(xi) + + assert_almost_equal(zi, zi_rescaled) + + def test_tripoints_input_rescale(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-5,-5), (-5,5), (5, 5), (2.5, 3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + yi = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(tri.points, y)(x) + yi_rescale = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(tri.points, y, + rescale=True)(x) + assert_almost_equal(yi, yi_rescale) + + def test_tri_input_rescale(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-5,-5), (-5,5), (5, 5), (2.5, 3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + match = ("Rescaling is not supported when passing a " + "Delaunay triangulation as ``points``.") + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(tri, y, rescale=True)(x) + + def test_pickle(self): + # Test at single points + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.random.rand(30, 2) + y = np.random.rand(30) + 1j*np.random.rand(30) + + ip = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(x, y) + ip2 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ip)) + + assert_almost_equal(ip(0.5, 0.5), ip2(0.5, 0.5)) + + @pytest.mark.slow + @pytest.mark.skipif(_IS_32BIT, reason='it fails on 32-bit') + def test_threading(self): + # This test was taken from issue 8856 + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/8856 + check_free_memory(10000) + + r_ticks = np.arange(0, 4200, 10) + phi_ticks = np.arange(0, 4200, 10) + r_grid, phi_grid = np.meshgrid(r_ticks, phi_ticks) + + def do_interp(interpolator, slice_rows, slice_cols): + grid_x, grid_y = np.mgrid[slice_rows, slice_cols] + res = interpolator((grid_x, grid_y)) + return res + + points = np.vstack((r_grid.ravel(), phi_grid.ravel())).T + values = (r_grid * phi_grid).ravel() + interpolator = interpnd.LinearNDInterpolator(points, values) + + worker_thread_1 = threading.Thread( + target=do_interp, + args=(interpolator, slice(0, 2100), slice(0, 2100))) + worker_thread_2 = threading.Thread( + target=do_interp, + args=(interpolator, slice(2100, 4200), slice(0, 2100))) + worker_thread_3 = threading.Thread( + target=do_interp, + args=(interpolator, slice(0, 2100), slice(2100, 4200))) + worker_thread_4 = threading.Thread( + target=do_interp, + args=(interpolator, slice(2100, 4200), slice(2100, 4200))) + + worker_thread_1.start() + worker_thread_2.start() + worker_thread_3.start() + worker_thread_4.start() + + worker_thread_1.join() + worker_thread_2.join() + worker_thread_3.join() + worker_thread_4.join() + + +class TestEstimateGradients2DGlobal: + def test_smoketest(self): + x = np.array([(0, 0), (0, 2), + (1, 0), (1, 2), (0.25, 0.75), (0.6, 0.8)], dtype=float) + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + + # Should be exact for linear functions, independent of triangulation + + funcs = [ + (lambda x, y: 0*x + 1, (0, 0)), + (lambda x, y: 0 + x, (1, 0)), + (lambda x, y: -2 + y, (0, 1)), + (lambda x, y: 3 + 3*x + 14.15*y, (3, 14.15)) + ] + + for j, (func, grad) in enumerate(funcs): + z = func(x[:,0], x[:,1]) + dz = interpnd.estimate_gradients_2d_global(tri, z, tol=1e-6) + + assert dz.shape == (6, 2) + xp_assert_close( + dz, np.array(grad)[None, :] + 0*dz, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5, + err_msg=f"item {j}" + ) + + def test_regression_2359(self): + # Check regression --- for certain point sets, gradient + # estimation could end up in an infinite loop + points = np.load(data_file('estimate_gradients_hang.npy')) + values = np.random.rand(points.shape[0]) + tri = qhull.Delaunay(points) + + # This should not hang + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "Gradient estimation did not converge", + interpnd.GradientEstimationWarning + ) + interpnd.estimate_gradients_2d_global(tri, values, maxiter=1) + + +class TestCloughTocher2DInterpolator: + + def _check_accuracy(self, func, x=None, tol=1e-6, alternate=False, + rescale=False, **kw): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # np.random.seed(1234) + if x is None: + x = np.array([(0, 0), (0, 1), + (1, 0), (1, 1), (0.25, 0.75), (0.6, 0.8), + (0.5, 0.2)], + dtype=float) + + if not alternate: + ip = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(x, func(x[:,0], x[:,1]), + tol=1e-6, rescale=rescale) + else: + ip = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator((x[:,0], x[:,1]), + func(x[:,0], x[:,1]), + tol=1e-6, rescale=rescale) + + p = rng.rand(50, 2) + + if not alternate: + a = ip(p) + else: + a = ip(p[:,0], p[:,1]) + b = func(p[:,0], p[:,1]) + + try: + xp_assert_close(a, b, **kw) + except AssertionError: + print("_check_accuracy: abs(a-b):", abs(a - b)) + print("ip.grad:", ip.grad) + raise + + def test_linear_smoketest(self): + # Should be exact for linear functions, independent of triangulation + funcs = [ + lambda x, y: 0*x + 1, + lambda x, y: 0 + x, + lambda x, y: -2 + y, + lambda x, y: 3 + 3*x + 14.15*y, + ] + + for j, func in enumerate(funcs): + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-13, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, err_msg=f"Function {j}" + ) + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-13, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, alternate=True, + err_msg=f"Function (alternate) {j}" + ) + # check rescaling + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-13, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, + err_msg=f"Function (rescaled) {j}", rescale=True + ) + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-13, atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, alternate=True, rescale=True, + err_msg=f"Function (alternate, rescaled) {j}" + ) + + def test_quadratic_smoketest(self): + # Should be reasonably accurate for quadratic functions + funcs = [ + lambda x, y: x**2, + lambda x, y: y**2, + lambda x, y: x**2 - y**2, + lambda x, y: x*y, + ] + + for j, func in enumerate(funcs): + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-9, atol=0.22, rtol=0, err_msg=f"Function {j}" + ) + self._check_accuracy( + func, tol=1e-9, atol=0.22, rtol=0, err_msg=f"Function {j}", rescale=True + ) + + def test_tri_input(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + yi = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(tri, y)(x) + assert_almost_equal(y, yi) + + def test_tri_input_rescale(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-5,-5), (-5,5), (5, 5), (2.5, 3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + match = ("Rescaling is not supported when passing a " + "Delaunay triangulation as ``points``.") + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(tri, y, rescale=True)(x) + + def test_tripoints_input_rescale(self): + # Test at single points + x = np.array([(0,0), (-5,-5), (-5,5), (5, 5), (2.5, 3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 3j*y + + tri = qhull.Delaunay(x) + yi = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(tri.points, y)(x) + yi_rescale = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(tri.points, y, rescale=True)(x) + assert_almost_equal(yi, yi_rescale) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + def test_dense(self): + # Should be more accurate for dense meshes + funcs = [ + lambda x, y: x**2, + lambda x, y: y**2, + lambda x, y: x**2 - y**2, + lambda x, y: x*y, + lambda x, y: np.cos(2*np.pi*x)*np.sin(2*np.pi*y) + ] + + rng = np.random.RandomState(4321) # use a different seed than the check! + grid = np.r_[np.array([(0,0), (0,1), (1,0), (1,1)], dtype=float), + rng.rand(30*30, 2)] + + for j, func in enumerate(funcs): + self._check_accuracy( + func, x=grid, tol=1e-9, atol=5e-3, rtol=1e-2, err_msg=f"Function {j}" + ) + self._check_accuracy( + func, x=grid, tol=1e-9, atol=5e-3, rtol=1e-2, + err_msg=f"Function {j}", rescale=True + ) + + def test_wrong_ndim(self): + x = np.random.randn(30, 3) + y = np.random.randn(30) + assert_raises(ValueError, interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator, x, y) + + def test_pickle(self): + # Test at single points + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.rand(30, 2) + y = rng.rand(30) + 1j*rng.rand(30) + + ip = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(x, y) + ip2 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(ip)) + + assert_almost_equal(ip(0.5, 0.5), ip2(0.5, 0.5)) + + def test_boundary_tri_symmetry(self): + # Interpolation at neighbourless triangles should retain + # symmetry with mirroring the triangle. + + # Equilateral triangle + points = np.array([(0, 0), (1, 0), (0.5, np.sqrt(3)/2)]) + values = np.array([1, 0, 0]) + + ip = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(points, values) + + # Set gradient to zero at vertices + ip.grad[...] = 0 + + # Interpolation should be symmetric vs. bisector + alpha = 0.3 + p1 = np.array([0.5 * np.cos(alpha), 0.5 * np.sin(alpha)]) + p2 = np.array([0.5 * np.cos(np.pi/3 - alpha), 0.5 * np.sin(np.pi/3 - alpha)]) + + v1 = ip(p1) + v2 = ip(p2) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + # ... and affine invariant + rng = np.random.RandomState(1) + A = rng.randn(2, 2) + b = rng.randn(2) + + points = A.dot(points.T).T + b[None,:] + p1 = A.dot(p1) + b + p2 = A.dot(p2) + b + + ip = interpnd.CloughTocher2DInterpolator(points, values) + ip.grad[...] = 0 + + w1 = ip(p1) + w2 = ip(p2) + xp_assert_close(w1, v1) + xp_assert_close(w2, v2) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpolate.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpolate.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8078ac01109a838dafbad14ed11869ad14583d27 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_interpolate.py @@ -0,0 +1,2692 @@ +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, assert_almost_equal, assert_array_almost_equal, + make_xp_test_case +) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest + +from numpy import mgrid, pi, sin, poly1d +import numpy as np + +from scipy.interpolate import (interp1d, interp2d, lagrange, PPoly, BPoly, + splrep, splev, splantider, splint, sproot, Akima1DInterpolator, + NdPPoly, BSpline, PchipInterpolator) + +from scipy.special import poch, gamma + +from scipy.interpolate import _ppoly + +from scipy._lib._gcutils import assert_deallocated, IS_PYPY +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + +from scipy.integrate import nquad + +from scipy.special import binom + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends +xfail_xp_backends = pytest.mark.xfail_xp_backends + + +class TestInterp2D: + def test_interp2d(self): + y, x = mgrid[0:2:20j, 0:pi:21j] + z = sin(x+0.5*y) + with assert_raises(NotImplementedError): + interp2d(x, y, z) + + +class TestInterp1D: + + def setup_method(self): + self.x5 = np.arange(5.) + self.x10 = np.arange(10.) + self.y10 = np.arange(10.) + self.x25 = self.x10.reshape((2,5)) + self.x2 = np.arange(2.) + self.y2 = np.arange(2.) + self.x1 = np.array([0.]) + self.y1 = np.array([0.]) + + self.y210 = np.arange(20.).reshape((2, 10)) + self.y102 = np.arange(20.).reshape((10, 2)) + self.y225 = np.arange(20.).reshape((2, 2, 5)) + self.y25 = np.arange(10.).reshape((2, 5)) + self.y235 = np.arange(30.).reshape((2, 3, 5)) + self.y325 = np.arange(30.).reshape((3, 2, 5)) + + # Edge updated test matrix 1 + # array([[ 30, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, -30], + # [ 30, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, -30]]) + self.y210_edge_updated = np.arange(20.).reshape((2, 10)) + self.y210_edge_updated[:, 0] = 30 + self.y210_edge_updated[:, -1] = -30 + + # Edge updated test matrix 2 + # array([[ 30, 30], + # [ 2, 3], + # [ 4, 5], + # [ 6, 7], + # [ 8, 9], + # [ 10, 11], + # [ 12, 13], + # [ 14, 15], + # [ 16, 17], + # [-30, -30]]) + self.y102_edge_updated = np.arange(20.).reshape((10, 2)) + self.y102_edge_updated[0, :] = 30 + self.y102_edge_updated[-1, :] = -30 + + self.fill_value = -100.0 + + def test_validation(self): + # Make sure that appropriate exceptions are raised when invalid values + # are given to the constructor. + + # These should all work. + for kind in ('nearest', 'nearest-up', 'zero', 'linear', 'slinear', + 'quadratic', 'cubic', 'previous', 'next'): + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind, fill_value="extrapolate") + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', fill_value=(-1, 1)) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=np.array([-1])) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=(-1,)) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=-1) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=(-1, -1)) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=0) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=1) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=2) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=3) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y210, kind='linear', axis=-1, + fill_value=(-1, -1)) + interp1d(self.x2, self.y210, kind='linear', axis=0, + fill_value=np.ones(10)) + interp1d(self.x2, self.y210, kind='linear', axis=0, + fill_value=(np.ones(10), np.ones(10))) + interp1d(self.x2, self.y210, kind='linear', axis=0, + fill_value=(np.ones(10), -1)) + + # x array must be 1D. + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x25, self.y10) + + # y array cannot be a scalar. + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, np.array(0)) + + # Check for x and y arrays having the same length. + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y2) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x2, self.y10) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y102) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y210) + interp1d(self.x10, self.y102, axis=0) + + # Check for x and y having at least 1 element. + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x1, self.y10) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y1) + + # Bad fill values + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=(-1, -1, -1)) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=[-1, -1, -1]) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=np.array((-1, -1, -1))) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=[[-1]]) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=[-1, -1]) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=np.array([])) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, kind='linear', + fill_value=()) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x2, self.y210, kind='linear', + axis=0, fill_value=[-1, -1]) # doesn't broadcast + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x2, self.y210, kind='linear', + axis=0, fill_value=(0., [-1, -1])) # above doesn't bc + + def test_init(self): + # Check that the attributes are initialized appropriately by the + # constructor. + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).copy + assert not interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, copy=False).copy + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).bounds_error + assert not interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, bounds_error=False).bounds_error + assert np.isnan(interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).fill_value) + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, fill_value=3.0).fill_value == 3.0 + assert (interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, fill_value=(1.0, 2.0)).fill_value == + (1.0, 2.0) + ) + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).axis == 0 + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y210).axis == 1 + assert interp1d(self.x10, self.y102, axis=0).axis == 0 + xp_assert_equal(interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).x, self.x10) + xp_assert_equal(interp1d(self.x10, self.y10).y, self.y10) + xp_assert_equal(interp1d(self.x10, self.y210).y, self.y210) + + def test_assume_sorted(self): + # Check for unsorted arrays + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10) + interp10_unsorted = interp1d(self.x10[::-1], self.y10[::-1]) + + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10_unsorted(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10_unsorted(1.2), np.array(1.2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10_unsorted([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0])) + + # Check assume_sorted keyword (defaults to False) + interp10_assume_kw = interp1d(self.x10[::-1], self.y10[::-1], + assume_sorted=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10_assume_kw(self.x10), self.y10) + + interp10_assume_kw2 = interp1d(self.x10[::-1], self.y10[::-1], + assume_sorted=True) + # Should raise an error for unsorted input if assume_sorted=True + assert_raises(ValueError, interp10_assume_kw2, self.x10) + + # Check that if y is a 2-D array, things are still consistent + interp10_y_2d = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210) + interp10_y_2d_unsorted = interp1d(self.x10[::-1], self.y210[:, ::-1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10_y_2d(self.x10), + interp10_y_2d_unsorted(self.x10)) + + def test_linear(self): + for kind in ['linear', 'slinear']: + self._check_linear(kind) + + def _check_linear(self, kind): + # Check the actual implementation of linear interpolation. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2.4, 5.6, 6.0])) + + # test fill_value="extrapolate" + extrapolator = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind, + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(extrapolator([-1., 0, 9, 11]), + np.asarray([-1.0, 0, 9, 11]), rtol=1e-14) + + opts = dict(kind=kind, + fill_value='extrapolate', + bounds_error=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, **opts) + + def test_linear_dtypes(self): + # regression test for gh-5898, where 1D linear interpolation has been + # delegated to numpy.interp for all float dtypes, and the latter was + # not handling e.g. np.float128. + for dtyp in [np.float16, + np.float32, + np.float64, + np.longdouble]: + x = np.arange(8, dtype=dtyp) + y = x + yp = interp1d(x, y, kind='linear')(x) + assert yp.dtype == dtyp + xp_assert_close(yp, y, atol=1e-15) + + # regression test for gh-14531, where 1D linear interpolation has been + # has been extended to delegate to numpy.interp for integer dtypes + x = [0, 1, 2] + y = [np.nan, 0, 1] + yp = interp1d(x, y)(x) + xp_assert_close(yp, y, atol=1e-15) + + def test_slinear_dtypes(self): + # regression test for gh-7273: 1D slinear interpolation fails with + # float32 inputs + dt_r = [np.float16, np.float32, np.float64] + dt_rc = dt_r + [np.complex64, np.complex128] + spline_kinds = ['slinear', 'zero', 'quadratic', 'cubic'] + for dtx in dt_r: + x = np.arange(0, 10, dtype=dtx) + for dty in dt_rc: + y = np.exp(-x/3.0).astype(dty) + for dtn in dt_r: + xnew = x.astype(dtn) + for kind in spline_kinds: + f = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind, bounds_error=False) + xp_assert_close(f(xnew), y, atol=1e-7, + check_dtype=False, + err_msg=f"{dtx}, {dty} {dtn}") + + def test_cubic(self): + # Check the actual implementation of spline interpolation. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='cubic') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(1.5)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]),) + + def test_nearest(self): + # Check the actual implementation of nearest-neighbour interpolation. + # Nearest asserts that half-integer case (1.5) rounds down to 1 + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='nearest') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2., 6., 6.]),) + + # test fill_value="extrapolate" + extrapolator = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='nearest', + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(extrapolator([-1., 0, 9, 11]), + [0.0, 0, 9, 9], rtol=1e-14) + + opts = dict(kind='nearest', + fill_value='extrapolate', + bounds_error=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, **opts) + + def test_nearest_up(self): + # Check the actual implementation of nearest-neighbour interpolation. + # Nearest-up asserts that half-integer case (1.5) rounds up to 2 + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='nearest-up') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(2.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2., 6., 6.]),) + + # test fill_value="extrapolate" + extrapolator = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='nearest-up', + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(extrapolator([-1., 0, 9, 11]), + [0.0, 0, 9, 9], rtol=1e-14) + + opts = dict(kind='nearest-up', + fill_value='extrapolate', + bounds_error=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, **opts) + + def test_previous(self): + # Check the actual implementation of previous interpolation. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='previous') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2., 5., 6.]),) + + # test fill_value="extrapolate" + extrapolator = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='previous', + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(extrapolator([-1., 0, 9, 11]), + [np.nan, 0, 9, 9], rtol=1e-14) + + # Tests for gh-9591 + interpolator1D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind="previous", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [np.nan, np.nan, 5, 8, 9, 9]) + + interpolator2D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210, kind="previous", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [[np.nan, np.nan, 5, 8, 9, 9], + [np.nan, np.nan, 15, 18, 19, 19]]) + + interpolator2DAxis0 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y102, kind="previous", + axis=0, fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2DAxis0([-2, 5, 12]), + [[np.nan, np.nan], + [10, 11], + [18, 19]]) + + opts = dict(kind='previous', + fill_value='extrapolate', + bounds_error=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, **opts) + + # Tests for gh-16813 + interpolator1D = interp1d([0, 1, 2], + [0, 1, -1], kind="previous", + fill_value='extrapolate', + assume_sorted=True) + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5]), + [np.nan, np.nan, 0, 1, -1, -1, -1]) + + interpolator1D = interp1d([2, 0, 1], # x is not ascending + [-1, 0, 1], kind="previous", + fill_value='extrapolate', + assume_sorted=False) + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5]), + [np.nan, np.nan, 0, 1, -1, -1, -1]) + + interpolator2D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210_edge_updated, + kind="previous", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [[np.nan, np.nan, 5, 8, -30, -30], + [np.nan, np.nan, 15, 18, -30, -30]]) + + interpolator2DAxis0 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y102_edge_updated, + kind="previous", + axis=0, fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2DAxis0([-2, 5, 12]), + [[np.nan, np.nan], + [10, 11], + [-30, -30]]) + + def test_next(self): + # Check the actual implementation of next interpolation. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='next') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(2.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(2.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([3., 6., 6.]),) + + # test fill_value="extrapolate" + extrapolator = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='next', + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(extrapolator([-1., 0, 9, 11]), + [0, 0, 9, np.nan], rtol=1e-14) + + # Tests for gh-9591 + interpolator1D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind="next", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [0, 0, 5, 8, np.nan, np.nan]) + + interpolator2D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210, kind="next", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [[0, 0, 5, 8, np.nan, np.nan], + [10, 10, 15, 18, np.nan, np.nan]]) + + interpolator2DAxis0 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y102, kind="next", + axis=0, fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2DAxis0([-2, 5, 12]), + [[0, 1], + [10, 11], + [np.nan, np.nan]]) + + opts = dict(kind='next', + fill_value='extrapolate', + bounds_error=True) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x10, self.y10, **opts) + + # Tests for gh-16813 + interpolator1D = interp1d([0, 1, 2], + [0, 1, -1], kind="next", + fill_value='extrapolate', + assume_sorted=True) + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5]), + [0, 0, 0, 1, -1, np.nan, np.nan]) + + interpolator1D = interp1d([2, 0, 1], # x is not ascending + [-1, 0, 1], kind="next", + fill_value='extrapolate', + assume_sorted=False) + xp_assert_close(interpolator1D([-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5]), + [0, 0, 0, 1, -1, np.nan, np.nan]) + + interpolator2D = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210_edge_updated, + kind="next", + fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2D([-1, -2, 5, 8, 12, 25]), + [[30, 30, 5, 8, np.nan, np.nan], + [30, 30, 15, 18, np.nan, np.nan]]) + + interpolator2DAxis0 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y102_edge_updated, + kind="next", + axis=0, fill_value='extrapolate') + xp_assert_close(interpolator2DAxis0([-2, 5, 12]), + [[30, 30], + [10, 11], + [np.nan, np.nan]]) + + def test_zero(self): + # Check the actual implementation of zero-order spline interpolation. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind='zero') + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(self.x10), self.y10) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.2), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(1.5), np.array(1.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10([2.4, 5.6, 6.0]), + np.array([2., 5., 6.])) + + def bounds_check_helper(self, interpolant, test_array, fail_value): + # Asserts that a ValueError is raised and that the error message + # contains the value causing this exception. + assert_raises(ValueError, interpolant, test_array) + try: + interpolant(test_array) + except ValueError as err: + assert (f"{fail_value}" in str(err)) + + def _bounds_check(self, kind='linear'): + # Test that our handling of out-of-bounds input is correct. + extrap10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, fill_value=self.fill_value, + bounds_error=False, kind=kind) + + xp_assert_equal(extrap10(11.2), np.array(self.fill_value)) + xp_assert_equal(extrap10(-3.4), np.array(self.fill_value)) + xp_assert_equal(extrap10([[[11.2], [-3.4], [12.6], [19.3]]]), + np.array(self.fill_value), check_shape=False) + xp_assert_equal(extrap10._check_bounds( + np.array([-1.0, 0.0, 5.0, 9.0, 11.0])), + np.array([[True, False, False, False, False], + [False, False, False, False, True]])) + + raises_bounds_error = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, bounds_error=True, + kind=kind) + + self.bounds_check_helper(raises_bounds_error, -1.0, -1.0) + self.bounds_check_helper(raises_bounds_error, 11.0, 11.0) + self.bounds_check_helper(raises_bounds_error, [0.0, -1.0, 0.0], -1.0) + self.bounds_check_helper(raises_bounds_error, [0.0, 1.0, 21.0], 21.0) + + raises_bounds_error([0.0, 5.0, 9.0]) + + def _bounds_check_int_nan_fill(self, kind='linear'): + x = np.arange(10).astype(int) + y = np.arange(10).astype(int) + c = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind, fill_value=np.nan, bounds_error=False) + yi = c(x - 1) + assert np.isnan(yi[0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(yi, np.r_[np.nan, y[:-1]]) + + def test_bounds(self): + for kind in ('linear', 'cubic', 'nearest', 'previous', 'next', + 'slinear', 'zero', 'quadratic'): + self._bounds_check(kind) + self._bounds_check_int_nan_fill(kind) + + def _check_fill_value(self, kind): + interp = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind, + fill_value=(-100, 100), bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), np.asarray(100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), np.asarray(-100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [-100, 100]) + + # Proper broadcasting: + # interp along axis of length 5 + # other dim=(2, 3), (3, 2), (2, 2), or (2,) + + # one singleton fill_value (works for all) + for y in (self.y235, self.y325, self.y225, self.y25): + interp = interp1d(self.x5, y, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=100, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), np.asarray(100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), np.asarray(100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), np.asarray(100.)) + + # singleton lower, singleton upper + interp = interp1d(self.x5, y, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=(-100, 100), bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), np.asarray(100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), np.asarray(-100.)) + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [[[-100, 100]] * y.shape[1]] * y.shape[0] + else: + result = [[-100, 100]] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), result) + + # one broadcastable (3,) fill_value + fill_value = [100, 200, 300] + for y in (self.y325, self.y225): + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, y, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + interp = interp1d(self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), [[100, 200, 300]] * 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), [[100, 200, 300]] * 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [[[100, 100], + [200, 200], + [300, 300]]] * 2) + + # one broadcastable (2,) fill_value + fill_value = [100, 200] + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for y in (self.y225, self.y325, self.y25): + interp = interp1d(self.x5, y, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + result = [100, 200] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), result) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), result) + result = [[100, 100], [200, 200]] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), result) + + # broadcastable (3,) lower, singleton upper + fill_value = (np.array([-100, -200, -300]), 100) + for y in (self.y325, self.y225): + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, y, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + interp = interp1d(self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), np.asarray(100.)) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), [[-100, -200, -300]] * 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [[[-100, 100], + [-200, 100], + [-300, 100]]] * 2) + + # broadcastable (2,) lower, singleton upper + fill_value = (np.array([-100, -200]), 100) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for y in (self.y225, self.y325, self.y25): + interp = interp1d(self.x5, y, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), np.asarray(100)) + result = [-100, -200] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), result) + result = [[-100, 100], [-200, 100]] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), result) + + # broadcastable (3,) lower, broadcastable (3,) upper + fill_value = ([-100, -200, -300], [100, 200, 300]) + for y in (self.y325, self.y225): + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, y, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for ii in range(2): # check ndarray as well as list here + if ii == 1: + fill_value = tuple(np.array(f) for f in fill_value) + interp = interp1d(self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), [[100, 200, 300]] * 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), [[-100, -200, -300]] * 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [[[-100, 100], + [-200, 200], + [-300, 300]]] * 2) + # broadcastable (2,) lower, broadcastable (2,) upper + fill_value = ([-100, -200], [100, 200]) + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, self.y235, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for y in (self.y325, self.y225, self.y25): + interp = interp1d(self.x5, y, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + result = [100, 200] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), result) + result = [-100, -200] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), result) + result = [[-100, 100], [-200, 200]] + if y.ndim == 3: + result = [result] * y.shape[0] + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), result) + + # one broadcastable (2, 2) array-like + fill_value = [[100, 200], [1000, 2000]] + for y in (self.y235, self.y325, self.y25): + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, y, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for ii in range(2): + if ii == 1: + fill_value = np.array(fill_value) + interp = interp1d(self.x5, self.y225, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), [[100, 200], [1000, 2000]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), [[100, 200], [1000, 2000]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [[[100, 100], + [200, 200]], + [[1000, 1000], + [2000, 2000]]]) + + # broadcastable (2, 2) lower, broadcastable (2, 2) upper + fill_value = ([[-100, -200], [-1000, -2000]], + [[100, 200], [1000, 2000]]) + for y in (self.y235, self.y325, self.y25): + assert_raises(ValueError, interp1d, self.x5, y, kind=kind, + axis=-1, fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + for ii in range(2): + if ii == 1: + fill_value = (np.array(fill_value[0]), np.array(fill_value[1])) + interp = interp1d(self.x5, self.y225, kind=kind, axis=-1, + fill_value=fill_value, bounds_error=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(10), [[100, 200], [1000, 2000]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(-10), [[-100, -200], + [-1000, -2000]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp([-10, 10]), [[[-100, 100], + [-200, 200]], + [[-1000, 1000], + [-2000, 2000]]]) + + def test_fill_value(self): + # test that two-element fill value works + for kind in ('linear', 'nearest', 'cubic', 'slinear', 'quadratic', + 'zero', 'previous', 'next'): + self._check_fill_value(kind) + + def test_fill_value_writeable(self): + # backwards compat: fill_value is a public writeable attribute + interp = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, fill_value=123.0) + assert interp.fill_value == 123.0 + interp.fill_value = 321.0 + assert interp.fill_value == 321.0 + + def _nd_check_interp(self, kind='linear'): + # Check the behavior when the inputs and outputs are multidimensional. + + # Multidimensional input. + interp10 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y10, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp10(np.array([[3., 5.], [2., 7.]])), + np.array([[3., 5.], [2., 7.]])) + + # Scalar input -> 0-dim scalar array output + assert isinstance(interp10(1.2), np.ndarray) + assert interp10(1.2).shape == () + + # Multidimensional outputs. + interp210 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y210, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp210(1.), np.array([1., 11.])) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp210(np.array([1., 2.])), + np.array([[1., 2.], [11., 12.]])) + + interp102 = interp1d(self.x10, self.y102, axis=0, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp102(1.), np.array([2.0, 3.0])) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp102(np.array([1., 3.])), + np.array([[2., 3.], [6., 7.]])) + + # Both at the same time! + x_new = np.array([[3., 5.], [2., 7.]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp210(x_new), + np.array([[[3., 5.], [2., 7.]], + [[13., 15.], [12., 17.]]])) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp102(x_new), + np.array([[[6., 7.], [10., 11.]], + [[4., 5.], [14., 15.]]])) + + def _nd_check_shape(self, kind='linear'): + # Check large N-D output shape + a = [4, 5, 6, 7] + y = np.arange(np.prod(a)).reshape(*a) + for n, s in enumerate(a): + x = np.arange(s) + z = interp1d(x, y, axis=n, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(z(x), y, err_msg=kind) + + x2 = np.arange(2*3*1).reshape((2,3,1)) / 12. + b = list(a) + b[n:n+1] = [2, 3, 1] + assert z(x2).shape == tuple(b), kind + + def test_nd(self): + for kind in ('linear', 'cubic', 'slinear', 'quadratic', 'nearest', + 'zero', 'previous', 'next'): + self._nd_check_interp(kind) + self._nd_check_shape(kind) + + def _check_complex(self, dtype=np.complex128, kind='linear'): + x = np.array([1, 2.5, 3, 3.1, 4, 6.4, 7.9, 8.0, 9.5, 10]) + y = x * x ** (1 + 2j) + y = y.astype(dtype) + + # simple test + c = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(y[:-1], c(x)[:-1]) + + # check against interpolating real+imag separately + xi = np.linspace(1, 10, 31) + cr = interp1d(x, y.real, kind=kind) + ci = interp1d(x, y.imag, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(c(xi).real, cr(xi)) + assert_array_almost_equal(c(xi).imag, ci(xi)) + + def test_complex(self): + for kind in ('linear', 'nearest', 'cubic', 'slinear', 'quadratic', + 'zero', 'previous', 'next'): + self._check_complex(np.complex64, kind) + self._check_complex(np.complex128, kind) + + @pytest.mark.skipif(IS_PYPY, reason="Test not meaningful on PyPy") + def test_circular_refs(self): + # Test interp1d can be automatically garbage collected + x = np.linspace(0, 1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1) + # Confirm interp can be released from memory after use + with assert_deallocated(interp1d, x, y) as interp: + interp([0.1, 0.2]) + del interp + + def test_overflow_nearest(self): + # Test that the x range doesn't overflow when given integers as input + for kind in ('nearest', 'previous', 'next'): + x = np.array([0, 50, 127], dtype=np.int8) + ii = interp1d(x, x, kind=kind) + assert_array_almost_equal(ii(x), x) + + def test_local_nans(self): + # check that for local interpolation kinds (slinear, zero) a single nan + # only affects its local neighborhood + x = np.arange(10).astype(float) + y = x.copy() + y[6] = np.nan + for kind in ('zero', 'slinear'): + ir = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind) + vals = ir([4.9, 7.0]) + assert np.isfinite(vals).all() + + def test_spline_nans(self): + # Backwards compat: a single nan makes the whole spline interpolation + # return nans in an array of the correct shape. And it doesn't raise, + # just quiet nans because of backcompat. + x = np.arange(8).astype(float) + y = x.copy() + yn = y.copy() + yn[3] = np.nan + + for kind in ['quadratic', 'cubic']: + ir = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind) + irn = interp1d(x, yn, kind=kind) + for xnew in (6, [1, 6], [[1, 6], [3, 5]]): + xnew = np.asarray(xnew) + out, outn = ir(x), irn(x) + assert np.isnan(outn).all() + assert out.shape == outn.shape + + def test_all_nans(self): + # regression test for gh-11637: interp1d core dumps with all-nan `x` + x = np.ones(10) * np.nan + y = np.arange(10) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + interp1d(x, y, kind='cubic') + + def test_read_only(self): + x = np.arange(0, 10) + y = np.exp(-x / 3.0) + xnew = np.arange(0, 9, 0.1) + # Check both read-only and not read-only: + for xnew_writeable in (True, False): + xnew.flags.writeable = xnew_writeable + x.flags.writeable = False + for kind in ('linear', 'nearest', 'zero', 'slinear', 'quadratic', + 'cubic'): + f = interp1d(x, y, kind=kind) + vals = f(xnew) + assert np.isfinite(vals).all() + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "kind", ("linear", "nearest", "nearest-up", "previous", "next") + ) + def test_single_value(self, kind): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4043 + f = interp1d([1.5], [6], kind=kind, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=(2, 10)) + xp_assert_equal(f([1, 1.5, 2]), np.asarray([2.0, 6, 10])) + # check still error if bounds_error=True + f = interp1d([1.5], [6], kind=kind, bounds_error=True) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match="x_new is above"): + f(2.0) + + +class TestLagrange: + + def test_lagrange(self): + p = poly1d([5,2,1,4,3]) + xs = np.arange(len(p.coeffs)) + ys = p(xs) + pl = lagrange(xs,ys) + assert_array_almost_equal(p.coeffs,pl.coeffs) + + +@make_xp_test_case(Akima1DInterpolator) +class TestAkima1DInterpolator: + def test_eval(self, xp): + x = xp.arange(0., 11., dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.asarray( + [0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.], dtype=xp.float64 + ) + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + xi = xp.asarray([0., 0.5, 1., 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.1, 6.5, 7.2, + 8.6, 9.9, 10.], dtype=xp.float64) + yi = xp.asarray([0., 1.375, 2., 1.5, 1.953125, 2.484375, + 4.1363636363636366866103344, 5.9803623910336236590978842, + 5.5067291516462386624652936, 5.2031367459745245795943447, + 4.1796554159017080820603951, 3.4110386597938129327189927, + 3.], dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + def test_eval_mod(self, xp): + # Reference values generated with the following MATLAB code: + # format longG + # x = 0:10; y = [0. 2. 1. 3. 2. 6. 5.5 5.5 2.7 5.1 3.]; + # xi = [0. 0.5 1. 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.1 6.5 7.2 8.6 9.9 10.]; + # makima(x, y, xi) + x = xp.arange(0., 11., dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.asarray( + [0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.], dtype=xp.float64 + ) + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method="makima") + xi = xp.asarray([0., 0.5, 1., 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.1, 6.5, 7.2, + 8.6, 9.9, 10.], dtype=xp.float64) + yi = xp.asarray([ + 0.0, 1.34471153846154, 2.0, 1.44375, 1.94375, 2.51939102564103, + 4.10366931918656, 5.98501550899192, 5.51756330960439, 5.1757231914014, + 4.12326636931311, 3.32931513157895, 3.0], dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + def test_eval_2d(self, xp): + x = xp.arange(0., 11., dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.asarray( + [0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.], dtype=xp.float64 + ) + y = xp.stack((y, 2. * y), axis=1) + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + xi = xp.asarray([0., 0.5, 1., 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.1, 6.5, 7.2, + 8.6, 9.9, 10.], dtype=xp.float64) + yi = xp.asarray([0., 1.375, 2., 1.5, 1.953125, 2.484375, + 4.1363636363636366866103344, + 5.9803623910336236590978842, + 5.5067291516462386624652936, + 5.2031367459745245795943447, + 4.1796554159017080820603951, + 3.4110386597938129327189927, 3.], dtype=xp.float64) + yi = xp.stack((yi, 2. * yi), axis=1) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + def test_eval_3d(self): + x = np.arange(0., 11.) + y_ = np.array([0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.]) + y = np.empty((11, 2, 2)) + y[:, 0, 0] = y_ + y[:, 1, 0] = 2. * y_ + y[:, 0, 1] = 3. * y_ + y[:, 1, 1] = 4. * y_ + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + xi = np.array([0., 0.5, 1., 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.1, 6.5, 7.2, + 8.6, 9.9, 10.]) + yi = np.empty((13, 2, 2)) + yi_ = np.array([0., 1.375, 2., 1.5, 1.953125, 2.484375, + 4.1363636363636366866103344, + 5.9803623910336236590978842, + 5.5067291516462386624652936, + 5.2031367459745245795943447, + 4.1796554159017080820603951, + 3.4110386597938129327189927, 3.]) + yi[:, 0, 0] = yi_ + yi[:, 1, 0] = 2. * yi_ + yi[:, 0, 1] = 3. * yi_ + yi[:, 1, 1] = 4. * yi_ + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + def test_linear_interpolant_edge_case_1d(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0.0, 1.0], dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.asarray([0.5, 1.0]) + akima = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, axis=0, extrapolate=None) + xp_assert_close(akima(0.45), xp.asarray(0.725, dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_linear_interpolant_edge_case_2d(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0., 1.]) + y = xp.stack((x, 2. * x, 3. * x, 4. * x), axis=1) + + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + xi = xp.asarray([0.5, 1.]) + yi = xp.asarray([[0.5, 1., 1.5, 2.], + [1., 2., 3., 4.]], dtype=xp.float64 + ) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y.T, axis=1) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi.T) + + def test_linear_interpolant_edge_case_3d(self): + x = np.arange(0., 2.) + y_ = np.array([0., 1.]) + y = np.empty((2, 2, 2)) + y[:, 0, 0] = y_ + y[:, 1, 0] = 2. * y_ + y[:, 0, 1] = 3. * y_ + y[:, 1, 1] = 4. * y_ + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + yi_ = np.array([0.5, 1.]) + yi = np.empty((2, 2, 2)) + yi[:, 0, 0] = yi_ + yi[:, 1, 0] = 2. * yi_ + yi[:, 0, 1] = 3. * yi_ + yi[:, 1, 1] = 4. * yi_ + xi = yi_ + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi) + + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y.transpose(1, 0, 2), axis=1) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi.transpose(1, 0, 2)) + + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y.transpose(2, 1, 0), axis=2) + xp_assert_close(ak(xi), yi.transpose(2, 1, 0)) + + def test_degenerate_case_multidimensional(self, xp): + # This test is for issue #5683. + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 2], dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.stack((x, x**2)).T + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + x_eval = xp.asarray([0.5, 1.5], dtype=xp.float64) + y_eval = ak(x_eval) + xp_assert_close(y_eval, xp.stack((x_eval, x_eval**2)).T) + + def test_extend(self): + x = np.arange(0., 11.) + y = np.array([0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.]) + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y) + match = "Extending a 1-D Akima interpolator is not yet implemented" + with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=match): + ak.extend(None, None) + + def test_mod_invalid_method(self): + x = np.arange(0., 11.) + y = np.array([0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.]) + match = "`method`=invalid is unsupported." + with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=match): + Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method="invalid") # type: ignore + + def test_extrapolate_attr(self): + # + x = np.linspace(-5, 5, 11) + y = x**2 + x_ext = np.linspace(-10, 10, 17) + y_ext = x_ext**2 + # Testing all extrapolate cases. + ak_true = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, extrapolate=True) + ak_false = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, extrapolate=False) + ak_none = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, extrapolate=None) + # None should default to False; extrapolated points are NaN. + xp_assert_close(ak_false(x_ext), ak_none(x_ext), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_equal(ak_false(x_ext)[0:4], np.full(4, np.nan)) + xp_assert_equal(ak_false(x_ext)[-4:-1], np.full(3, np.nan)) + # Extrapolation on call and attribute should be equal. + xp_assert_close(ak_false(x_ext, extrapolate=True), ak_true(x_ext), atol=1e-15) + # Testing extrapoation to actual function. + xp_assert_close(y_ext, ak_true(x_ext), atol=1e-15) + + + def test_no_overflow(self): + # check a large jump does not cause a float overflow + x = np.arange(1, 10) + y = 1.e6*np.sqrt(np.finfo(float).max)*np.heaviside(x-4, 0.5) + + ak1 = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method='makima') + ak2 = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, method='akima') + + y_eval1 = ak1(x) + y_eval2 = ak2(x) + + assert np.isfinite(y_eval1).all() + assert np.isfinite(y_eval2).all() + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [Akima1DInterpolator, PchipInterpolator]) +def test_complex(method): + # Complex-valued data deprecated + x = np.arange(0., 11.) + y = np.array([0., 2., 1., 3., 2., 6., 5.5, 5.5, 2.7, 5.1, 3.]) + y = y - 2j*y + msg = "real values" + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg): + method(x, y) + + def test_concurrency(self): + # Check that no segfaults appear with concurrent access to Akima1D + x = np.linspace(-5, 5, 11) + y = x**2 + x_ext = np.linspace(-10, 10, 17) + ak = Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, extrapolate=True) + + def worker_fn(_, ak, x_ext): + ak(x_ext) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, ak, x_ext) + + +@make_xp_test_case(PPoly, BPoly) +class TestPPolyCommon: + # test basic functionality for PPoly and BPoly + def test_sort_check(self, xp): + c = xp.asarray([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]) + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 0.5]) + assert_raises(ValueError, PPoly, c, x) + assert_raises(ValueError, BPoly, c, x) + + def test_ctor_c(self): + # wrong shape: `c` must be at least 2D + with assert_raises(ValueError): + PPoly([1, 2], [0, 1]) + + def test_extend(self, xp): + # Test adding new points to the piecewise polynomial + np.random.seed(1234) + + order = 3 + x = np.unique(np.r_[0, 10 * np.random.rand(30), 10]) + c = 2*np.random.rand(order+1, len(x)-1, 2, 3) - 1 + + c, x = xp.asarray(c), xp.asarray(x) + + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + pp = cls(c[:, :9, ...], x[:10]) + pp.extend(c[:, 9:, ...], x[10:]) + + pp2 = cls(c[:, 10:, ...], x[10:]) + pp2.extend(c[:, :10, ...], x[:10]) + + pp3 = cls(c, x) + + xp_assert_equal(pp.c, pp3.c) + xp_assert_equal(pp.x, pp3.x) + xp_assert_equal(pp2.c, pp3.c) + xp_assert_equal(pp2.x, pp3.x) + + def test_extend_diff_orders(self, xp): + # Test extending polynomial with different order one + np.random.seed(1234) + + x = xp.linspace(0, 1, 6) + c = xp.asarray(np.random.rand(2, 5)) + + x2 = xp.linspace(1, 2, 6) + c2 = xp.asarray(np.random.rand(4, 5)) + + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + pp1 = cls(c, x) + pp2 = cls(c2, x2) + + pp_comb = cls(c, x) + pp_comb.extend(c2, x2[1:]) + + # NB. doesn't match to pp1 at the endpoint, because pp1 is not + # continuous with pp2 as we took random coefs. + xi1 = xp.linspace(0, 1, 300, endpoint=False) + xi2 = xp.linspace(1, 2, 300) + + xp_assert_close(pp1(xi1), pp_comb(xi1)) + xp_assert_close(pp2(xi2), pp_comb(xi2)) + + def test_extend_descending(self, xp): + np.random.seed(0) + + order = 3 + x = np.sort(np.random.uniform(0, 10, 20)) + c = np.random.rand(order + 1, x.shape[0] - 1, 2, 3) + + c, x = xp.asarray(c), xp.asarray(x) + + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + p = cls(c, x) + + p1 = cls(c[:, :9, ...], x[:10]) + p1.extend(c[:, 9:, ...], x[10:]) + + p2 = cls(c[:, 10:, ...], x[10:]) + p2.extend(c[:, :10, ...], x[:10]) + + xp_assert_equal(p1.c, p.c) + xp_assert_equal(p1.x, p.x) + xp_assert_equal(p2.c, p.c) + xp_assert_equal(p2.x, p.x) + + def test_shape(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + c = np.random.rand(8, 12, 5, 6, 7) + x = np.sort(np.random.rand(13)) + xp = np.random.rand(3, 4) + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + p = cls(c, x) + assert p(xp).shape == (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) + + # 'scalars' + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + p = cls(c[..., 0, 0, 0], x) + + assert np.shape(p(0.5)) == () + assert np.shape(p(np.array(0.5))) == () + + assert_raises(ValueError, p, np.array([[0.1, 0.2], [0.4]], dtype=object)) + + def test_concurrency(self, xp): + # Check that no segfaults appear with concurrent access to BPoly, PPoly + c = np.random.rand(8, 12, 5, 6, 7) + x = np.sort(np.random.rand(13)) + xpp = np.random.rand(3, 4) + + c, x, xpp = map(xp.asarray, (c, x, xpp)) + + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + interp = cls(c, x) + + def worker_fn(_, interp, xpp): + interp(xpp) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, interp, xpp) + + def test_complex_coef(self): + np.random.seed(12345) + x = np.sort(np.random.random(13)) + c = np.random.random((8, 12)) * (1. + 0.3j) + c_re, c_im = c.real, c.imag + xp = np.random.random(5) + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + p, p_re, p_im = cls(c, x), cls(c_re, x), cls(c_im, x) + for nu in [0, 1, 2]: + xp_assert_close(p(xp, nu).real, p_re(xp, nu)) + xp_assert_close(p(xp, nu).imag, p_im(xp, nu)) + + def test_axis(self, xp): + np.random.seed(12345) + c = np.random.rand(3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) + c_s = c.shape + xpp = np.random.random((1, 2)) + + c, xpp = xp.asarray(c), xp.asarray(xpp) + + for axis in (0, 1, 2, 3): + m = c.shape[axis+1] + x = xp.asarray(np.sort(np.random.rand(m+1))) + for cls in (PPoly, BPoly): + p = cls(c, x, axis=axis) + assert p.c.shape == c_s[axis:axis+2] + c_s[:axis] + c_s[axis+2:] + res = p(xpp) + targ_shape = c_s[:axis] + xpp.shape + c_s[2+axis:] + assert res.shape == targ_shape + + # deriv/antideriv does not drop the axis + for p1 in [cls(c, x, axis=axis).derivative(), + cls(c, x, axis=axis).derivative(2), + cls(c, x, axis=axis).antiderivative(), + cls(c, x, axis=axis).antiderivative(2)]: + assert p1.axis == p.axis + + # c array needs two axes for the coefficients and intervals, so + # 0 <= axis < c.ndim-1; raise otherwise + for axis in (-1, 4, 5, 6): + for cls in (BPoly, PPoly): + assert_raises(ValueError, cls, **dict(c=c, x=x, axis=axis)) + + +class TestPolySubclassing: + class P(PPoly): + pass + + class B(BPoly): + pass + + def _make_polynomials(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.sort(np.random.random(3)) + c = np.random.random((4, 2)) + return self.P(c, x), self.B(c, x) + + def test_derivative(self): + pp, bp = self._make_polynomials() + for p in (pp, bp): + pd = p.derivative() + assert p.__class__ == pd.__class__ + + ppa = pp.antiderivative() + assert pp.__class__ == ppa.__class__ + + def test_from_spline(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, np.random.rand(11), 1]) + y = np.random.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0) + pp = self.P.from_spline(spl) + assert pp.__class__ == self.P + + def test_conversions(self): + pp, bp = self._make_polynomials() + + pp1 = self.P.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + assert pp1.__class__ == self.P + + bp1 = self.B.from_power_basis(pp) + assert bp1.__class__ == self.B + + def test_from_derivatives(self): + x = [0, 1, 2] + y = [[1], [2], [3]] + bp = self.B.from_derivatives(x, y) + assert bp.__class__ == self.B + + +@make_xp_test_case(PPoly) +class TestPPoly: + def test_simple(self, xp): + c = xp.asarray([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]) + x = xp.asarray([0, 0.5, 1]) + p = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_close(p(0.3), xp.asarray(1*0.3**2 + 2*0.3 + 3, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close( + p(0.7), xp.asarray(4*(0.7-0.5)**2 + 5*(0.7-0.5) + 6, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_periodic(self, xp): + c = xp.asarray([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]) + x = xp.asarray([0, 0.5, 1]) + p = PPoly(c, x, extrapolate='periodic') + + xp_assert_close(p(1.3), + xp.asarray(1 * 0.3 ** 2 + 2 * 0.3 + 3, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close( + p(-0.3), + xp.asarray(4 * (0.7 - 0.5) ** 2 + 5 * (0.7 - 0.5) + 6, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + xp_assert_close(p(1.3, 1), xp.asarray(2 * 0.3 + 2, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(p(-0.3, 1), xp.asarray(8 * (0.7 - 0.5) + 5, dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_read_only(self): + c = np.array([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]]) + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + xnew = np.array([0, 0.1, 0.2]) + PPoly(c, x, extrapolate='periodic') + + for writeable in (True, False): + x.flags.writeable = writeable + c.flags.writeable = writeable + f = PPoly(c, x) + vals = f(xnew) + assert np.isfinite(vals).all() + + def test_descending(self): + def binom_matrix(power): + n = np.arange(power + 1).reshape(-1, 1) + k = np.arange(power + 1) + B = binom(n, k) + return B[::-1, ::-1] + + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + + power = 3 + for m in [10, 20, 30]: + x = np.sort(rng.uniform(0, 10, m + 1)) + ca = rng.uniform(-2, 2, size=(power + 1, m)) + + h = np.diff(x) + h_powers = h[None, :] ** np.arange(power + 1)[::-1, None] + B = binom_matrix(power) + cap = ca * h_powers + cdp = np.dot(B.T, cap) + cd = cdp / h_powers + + pa = PPoly(ca, x, extrapolate=True) + pd = PPoly(cd[:, ::-1], x[::-1], extrapolate=True) + + x_test = rng.uniform(-10, 20, 100) + xp_assert_close(pa(x_test), pd(x_test), rtol=1e-13) + xp_assert_close(pa(x_test, 1), pd(x_test, 1), rtol=1e-13) + + pa_d = pa.derivative() + pd_d = pd.derivative() + + xp_assert_close(pa_d(x_test), pd_d(x_test), rtol=1e-13) + + # Antiderivatives won't be equal because fixing continuity is + # done in the reverse order, but surely the differences should be + # equal. + pa_i = pa.antiderivative() + pd_i = pd.antiderivative() + for a, b in rng.uniform(-10, 20, (5, 2)): + int_a = pa.integrate(a, b) + int_d = pd.integrate(a, b) + xp_assert_close(int_a, int_d, rtol=1e-13) + xp_assert_close(pa_i(b) - pa_i(a), pd_i(b) - pd_i(a), + rtol=1e-13) + + roots_d = pd.roots() + roots_a = pa.roots() + xp_assert_close(roots_a, np.sort(roots_d), rtol=1e-12) + + def test_multi_shape(self, xp): + c = np.random.rand(6, 2, 1, 2, 3) + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + + p = PPoly(c, x) + assert p.x.shape == x.shape + assert p.c.shape == c.shape + assert p(0.3).shape == c.shape[2:] + + assert p(np.random.rand(5, 6)).shape == (5, 6) + c.shape[2:] + + dp = p.derivative() + assert dp.c.shape == (5, 2, 1, 2, 3) + ip = p.antiderivative() + assert ip.c.shape == (7, 2, 1, 2, 3) + + def test_construct_fast(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + c = np.array([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6]], dtype=float) + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + p = PPoly.construct_fast(c, x) + xp_assert_close(p(0.3), np.asarray(1*0.3**2 + 2*0.3 + 3)) + xp_assert_close(p(0.7), np.asarray(4*(0.7-0.5)**2 + 5*(0.7-0.5) + 6)) + + def test_vs_alternative_implementations(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = rng.rand(3, 12, 22) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + + p = PPoly(c, x) + + xp = np.r_[0.3, 0.5, 0.33, 0.6] + expected = _ppoly_eval_1(c, x, xp) + xp_assert_close(p(xp), expected) + + expected = _ppoly_eval_2(c[:,:,0], x, xp) + xp_assert_close(p(xp)[:, 0], expected) + + def test_from_spline(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 200) + xp_assert_close(pp(xi), splev(xi, spl)) + + # make sure .from_spline accepts BSpline objects + b = BSpline(*spl) + ppp = PPoly.from_spline(b) + xp_assert_close(ppp(xi), b(xi)) + + # BSpline's extrapolate attribute propagates unless overridden + t, c, k = spl + for extrap in (None, True, False): + b = BSpline(t, c, k, extrapolate=extrap) + p = PPoly.from_spline(b) + assert p.extrapolate == b.extrapolate + + def test_from_spline_2(self, xp): + # BSpline namespace propagates to PPoly + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + t, c, k = splrep(x, y, s=0) + spl = BSpline(xp.asarray(t), xp.asarray(c), k) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + xi = xp.linspace(0, 1, 11) + xp_assert_close(pp(xi), spl(xi)) + + def test_derivative_simple(self, xp): + np.random.seed(1234) + c = xp.asarray([[4, 3, 2, 1]]).T + dc = xp.asarray([[3*4, 2*3, 2]]).T + ddc = xp.asarray([[2*3*4, 1*2*3]]).T + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + + pp = PPoly(c, x) + dpp = PPoly(dc, x) + ddpp = PPoly(ddc, x) + + xp_assert_close(pp.derivative().c, dpp.c) + xp_assert_close(pp.derivative(2).c, ddpp.c) + + def test_derivative_eval(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 200) + for dx in range(0, 3): + xp_assert_close(pp(xi, dx), splev(xi, spl, dx)) + + def test_derivative(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=5) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 200) + for dx in range(0, 10): + xp_assert_close(pp(xi, dx), pp.derivative(dx)(xi), err_msg=f"dx={dx}") + + def test_antiderivative_of_constant(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4216 + p = PPoly([[1.]], [0, 1]) + xp_assert_equal(p.antiderivative().c, PPoly([[1], [0]], [0, 1]).c) + xp_assert_equal(p.antiderivative().x, PPoly([[1], [0]], [0, 1]).x) + + def test_antiderivative_regression_4355(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4355 + p = PPoly([[1., 0.5]], [0, 1, 2]) + q = p.antiderivative() + xp_assert_equal(q.c, [[1, 0.5], [0, 1]]) + xp_assert_equal(q.x, [0.0, 1, 2]) + xp_assert_close(p.integrate(0, 2), np.asarray(1.5)) + xp_assert_close(np.asarray(q(2) - q(0)), + np.asarray(1.5)) + + def test_antiderivative_simple(self, xp): + # [ p1(x) = 3*x**2 + 2*x + 1, + # p2(x) = 1.6875] + c = xp.asarray([[3, 2, 1], [0, 0, 1.6875]], dtype=xp.float64).T + # [ pp1(x) = x**3 + x**2 + x, + # pp2(x) = 1.6875*(x - 0.25) + pp1(0.25)] + ic = xp.asarray([[1, 1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1.6875, 0.328125]], dtype=xp.float64).T + # [ ppp1(x) = (1/4)*x**4 + (1/3)*x**3 + (1/2)*x**2, + # ppp2(x) = (1.6875/2)*(x - 0.25)**2 + pp1(0.25)*x + ppp1(0.25)] + iic = xp.asarray([[1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1.6875/2, 0.328125, 0.037434895833333336]], + dtype=xp.float64 + ).T + x = xp.asarray([0, 0.25, 1], dtype=xp.float64) + + pp = PPoly(c, x) + ipp = pp.antiderivative() + iipp = pp.antiderivative(2) + iipp2 = ipp.antiderivative() + + xp_assert_close(ipp.x, x) + xp_assert_close(ipp.c.T, ic.T) + xp_assert_close(iipp.c.T, iic.T) + xp_assert_close(iipp2.c.T, iic.T) + + def test_antiderivative_vs_derivative(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 30)**2 + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=5) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + for dx in range(0, 10): + ipp = pp.antiderivative(dx) + + # check that derivative is inverse op + pp2 = ipp.derivative(dx) + xp_assert_close(pp.c, pp2.c) + + # check continuity + for k in range(dx): + pp2 = ipp.derivative(k) + + r = 1e-13 + endpoint = r*pp2.x[:-1] + (1 - r)*pp2.x[1:] + + xp_assert_close( + pp2(pp2.x[1:]), pp2(endpoint), rtol=1e-7, err_msg=f"dx={dx} k={k}" + ) + + def test_antiderivative_vs_spline(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=5) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + for dx in range(0, 10): + pp2 = pp.antiderivative(dx) + spl2 = splantider(spl, dx) + + xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 200) + xp_assert_close(pp2(xi), splev(xi, spl2), + rtol=1e-7) + + def test_antiderivative_continuity(self): + c = np.array([[2, 1, 2, 2], [2, 1, 3, 3]]).T + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + + p = PPoly(c, x) + ip = p.antiderivative() + + # check continuity + xp_assert_close(ip(0.5 - 1e-9), ip(0.5 + 1e-9), rtol=1e-8) + + # check that only lowest order coefficients were changed + p2 = ip.derivative() + xp_assert_close(p2.c, p.c) + + def test_integrate(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(np.r_[0, rng.rand(11), 1]) + y = rng.rand(len(x)) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=5) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + a, b = 0.3, 0.9 + ig = pp.integrate(a, b) + + ipp = pp.antiderivative() + xp_assert_close(ig, ipp(b) - ipp(a), check_0d=False) + xp_assert_close(ig, splint(a, b, spl), check_0d=False) + + a, b = -0.3, 0.9 + ig = pp.integrate(a, b, extrapolate=True) + xp_assert_close(ig, ipp(b) - ipp(a), check_0d=False) + + assert np.isnan(pp.integrate(a, b, extrapolate=False)).all() + + def test_integrate_readonly(self): + x = np.array([1, 2, 4]) + c = np.array([[0., 0.], [-1., -1.], [2., -0.], [1., 2.]]) + + for writeable in (True, False): + x.flags.writeable = writeable + + P = PPoly(c, x) + vals = P.integrate(1, 4) + + assert np.isfinite(vals).all() + + def test_integrate_periodic(self): + x = np.array([1, 2, 4]) + c = np.array([[0., 0.], [-1., -1.], [2., -0.], [1., 2.]]) + + P = PPoly(c, x, extrapolate='periodic') + I = P.antiderivative() + + period_int = np.asarray(I(4) - I(1)) + + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(1, 4), period_int) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-10, -7), period_int) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-10, -4), np.asarray(2 * period_int)) + + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(1.5, 2.5), + np.asarray(I(2.5) - I(1.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5, 5), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5 + 12, 5 + 12), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5, 5 + 12), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5) + 4 * period_int)) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(0, -1), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(3))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-9, -10), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(3))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(0, -10), + np.asarray(I(2) - I(3) - 3 * period_int)) + + def test_roots(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 31)**2 + y = np.sin(30*x) + + spl = splrep(x, y, s=0, k=3) + pp = PPoly.from_spline(spl) + + r = pp.roots() + r = r[(r >= 0 - 1e-15) & (r <= 1 + 1e-15)] + xp_assert_close(r, sproot(spl), atol=1e-15) + + def test_roots_idzero(self): + # Roots for piecewise polynomials with identically zero + # sections. + c = np.array([[-1, 0.25], [0, 0], [-1, 0.25]]).T + x = np.array([0, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0]) + + pp = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_equal(pp.roots(), + [0.25, 0.4, np.nan, 0.6 + 0.25]) + + # ditto for p.solve(const) with sections identically equal const + const = 2. + c1 = c.copy() + c1[1, :] += const + pp1 = PPoly(c1, x) + + xp_assert_equal(pp1.solve(const), + [0.25, 0.4, np.nan, 0.6 + 0.25]) + + def test_roots_all_zero(self): + # test the code path for the polynomial being identically zero everywhere + c = [[0], [0]] + x = [0, 1] + p = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_equal(p.roots(), [0, np.nan]) + xp_assert_equal(p.solve(0), [0, np.nan]) + xp_assert_equal(p.solve(1), []) + + c = [[0, 0], [0, 0]] + x = [0, 1, 2] + p = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_equal(p.roots(), [0, np.nan, 1, np.nan]) + xp_assert_equal(p.solve(0), [0, np.nan, 1, np.nan]) + xp_assert_equal(p.solve(1), []) + + def test_roots_repeated(self): + # Check roots repeated in multiple sections are reported only + # once. + + # [(x + 1)**2 - 1, -x**2] ; x == 0 is a repeated root + c = np.array([[1, 0, -1], [-1, 0, 0]]).T + x = np.array([-1, 0, 1]) + + pp = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_equal(pp.roots(), np.asarray([-2.0, 0.0])) + xp_assert_equal(pp.roots(extrapolate=False), np.asarray([0.0])) + + def test_roots_discont(self): + # Check that a discontinuity across zero is reported as root + c = np.array([[1], [-1]]).T + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + pp = PPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_equal(pp.roots(), np.asarray([0.5])) + xp_assert_equal(pp.roots(discontinuity=False), np.asarray([])) + + # ditto for a discontinuity across y: + xp_assert_equal(pp.solve(0.5), np.asarray([0.5])) + xp_assert_equal(pp.solve(0.5, discontinuity=False), np.asarray([])) + + xp_assert_equal(pp.solve(1.5), np.asarray([])) + xp_assert_equal(pp.solve(1.5, discontinuity=False), np.asarray([])) + + def test_roots_random(self): + # Check high-order polynomials with random coefficients + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + num = 0 + + for extrapolate in (True, False): + for order in range(0, 20): + x = np.unique(np.r_[0, 10 * rng.rand(30), 10]) + c = 2*rng.rand(order+1, len(x)-1, 2, 3) - 1 + + pp = PPoly(c, x) + for y in [0, rng.random()]: + r = pp.solve(y, discontinuity=False, extrapolate=extrapolate) + + for i in range(2): + for j in range(3): + rr = r[i,j] + if rr.size > 0: + # Check that the reported roots indeed are roots + num += rr.size + val = pp(rr, extrapolate=extrapolate)[:,i,j] + cmpval = pp(rr, nu=1, + extrapolate=extrapolate)[:,i,j] + msg = f"({extrapolate!r}) r = {repr(rr)}" + xp_assert_close((val-y) / cmpval, np.asarray(0.0), + atol=1e-7, + err_msg=msg, check_shape=False) + + # Check that we checked a number of roots + assert num > 100, repr(num) + + def test_roots_croots(self): + # Test the complex root finding algorithm + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + for k in range(1, 15): + c = rng.rand(k, 1, 130) + + if k == 3: + # add a case with zero discriminant + c[:,0,0] = 1, 2, 1 + + for y in [0, rng.random()]: + w = np.empty(c.shape, dtype=complex) + _ppoly._croots_poly1(c, w, y) + + if k == 1: + assert np.isnan(w).all() + continue + + res = -y + cres = 0 + for i in range(k): + res += c[i,None] * w**(k-1-i) + cres += abs(c[i,None] * w**(k-1-i)) + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + res /= cres + res = res.ravel() + res = res[~np.isnan(res)] + xp_assert_close(res, np.zeros_like(res), atol=1e-10) + + def test_extrapolate_attr(self): + # [ 1 - x**2 ] + c = np.array([[-1, 0, 1]]).T + x = np.array([0, 1]) + + for extrapolate in [True, False, None]: + pp = PPoly(c, x, extrapolate=extrapolate) + pp_d = pp.derivative() + pp_i = pp.antiderivative() + + if extrapolate is False: + assert np.isnan(pp([-0.1, 1.1])).all() + assert np.isnan(pp_i([-0.1, 1.1])).all() + assert np.isnan(pp_d([-0.1, 1.1])).all() + assert pp.roots() == [1] + else: + xp_assert_close(pp([-0.1, 1.1]), [1-0.1**2, 1-1.1**2]) + assert not np.isnan(pp_i([-0.1, 1.1])).any() + assert not np.isnan(pp_d([-0.1, 1.1])).any() + xp_assert_close(pp.roots(), np.asarray([1.0, -1.0])) + + +@make_xp_test_case(BPoly) +class TestBPoly: + def test_simple(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([[3]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_close(bp(0.1), xp.asarray(3., dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_simple2(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([[3], [1]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) # 3*(1-x) + 1*x + xp_assert_close(bp(0.1), xp.asarray(3*0.9 + 1.*0.1, dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_simple3(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([[3], [1], [4]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) # 3 * (1-x)**2 + 2 * x (1-x) + 4 * x**2 + xp_assert_close( + bp(0.2), + xp.asarray(3 * 0.8*0.8 + 1 * 2*0.2*0.8 + 4 * 0.2*0.2, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_simple4(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([[1], [1], [1], [2]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_close(bp(0.3), + xp.asarray( 0.7**3 + + 3 * 0.7**2 * 0.3 + + 3 * 0.7 * 0.3**2 + + 2 * 0.3**3, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_simple5(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + c = xp.asarray([[1], [1], [8], [2], [1]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + xp_assert_close(bp(0.3), + xp.asarray( 0.7**4 + + 4 * 0.7**3 * 0.3 + + 8 * 6 * 0.7**2 * 0.3**2 + + 2 * 4 * 0.7 * 0.3**3 + + 0.3**4, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_periodic(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[3, 0], [0, 0], [0, 2]]) + # [3*(1-x)**2, 2*((x-1)/2)**2] + bp = BPoly(c, x, extrapolate='periodic') + + xp_assert_close(bp(3.4), xp.asarray(3 * 0.6**2, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(bp(-1.3), xp.asarray(2 * (0.7/2)**2, dtype=xp.float64)) + + xp_assert_close(bp(3.4, 1), xp.asarray(-6 * 0.6, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(bp(-1.3, 1), xp.asarray(2 * (0.7/2), dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_descending(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + + power = 3 + for m in [10, 20, 30]: + x = np.sort(rng.uniform(0, 10, m + 1)) + ca = rng.uniform(-0.1, 0.1, size=(power + 1, m)) + # We need only to flip coefficients to get it right! + cd = ca[::-1].copy() + + pa = BPoly(ca, x, extrapolate=True) + pd = BPoly(cd[:, ::-1], x[::-1], extrapolate=True) + + x_test = rng.uniform(-10, 20, 100) + xp_assert_close(pa(x_test), pd(x_test), rtol=1e-13) + xp_assert_close(pa(x_test, 1), pd(x_test, 1), rtol=1e-13) + + pa_d = pa.derivative() + pd_d = pd.derivative() + + xp_assert_close(pa_d(x_test), pd_d(x_test), rtol=1e-13) + + # Antiderivatives won't be equal because fixing continuity is + # done in the reverse order, but surely the differences should be + # equal. + pa_i = pa.antiderivative() + pd_i = pd.antiderivative() + for a, b in rng.uniform(-10, 20, (5, 2)): + int_a = pa.integrate(a, b) + int_d = pd.integrate(a, b) + xp_assert_close(int_a, int_d, rtol=1e-12) + xp_assert_close(pa_i(b) - pa_i(a), pd_i(b) - pd_i(a), + rtol=1e-12) + + def test_multi_shape(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = rng.rand(6, 2, 1, 2, 3) + x = np.array([0, 0.5, 1]) + p = BPoly(c, x) + assert p.x.shape == x.shape + assert p.c.shape == c.shape + assert p(0.3).shape == c.shape[2:] + assert p(rng.rand(5, 6)).shape == (5, 6) + c.shape[2:] + + dp = p.derivative() + assert dp.c.shape == (5, 2, 1, 2, 3) + + def test_interval_length(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 2]) + c = xp.asarray([[3], [1], [4]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + xval = 0.1 + s = xval / 2 # s = (x - xa) / (xb - xa) + xp_assert_close( + bp(xval), + xp.asarray(3 * (1-s)*(1-s) + 1 * 2*s*(1-s) + 4 * s*s, dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_two_intervals(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[3, 0], [0, 0], [0, 2]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) # [3*(1-x)**2, 2*((x-1)/2)**2] + + xp_assert_close(bp(0.4), xp.asarray(3 * 0.6*0.6, dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(bp(1.7), xp.asarray(2 * (0.7/2)**2, dtype=xp.float64)) + + def test_extrapolate_attr(self): + x = [0, 2] + c = [[3], [1], [4]] + bp = BPoly(c, x) + + for extrapolate in (True, False, None): + bp = BPoly(c, x, extrapolate=extrapolate) + bp_d = bp.derivative() + if extrapolate is False: + assert np.isnan(bp([-0.1, 2.1])).all() + assert np.isnan(bp_d([-0.1, 2.1])).all() + else: + assert not np.isnan(bp([-0.1, 2.1])).any() + assert not np.isnan(bp_d([-0.1, 2.1])).any() + + +@make_xp_test_case(BPoly) +class TestBPolyCalculus: + def test_derivative(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[3, 0], [0, 0], [0, 2]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) # [3*(1-x)**2, 2*((x-1)/2)**2] + bp_der = bp.derivative() + xp_assert_close(bp_der(0.4), xp.asarray(-6*(0.6), dtype=xp.float64)) + xp_assert_close(bp_der(1.7), xp.asarray(0.7, dtype=xp.float64)) + + # derivatives in-place + xp_assert_close(xp.stack([bp(0.4, nu) for nu in [1, 2, 3]]), + xp.asarray([-6*(1-0.4), 6., 0.], dtype=xp.float64) + ) + xp_assert_close(xp.stack([bp(1.7, nu) for nu in [1, 2, 3]]), + xp.asarray([0.7, 1., 0], dtype=xp.float64) + ) + + def test_derivative_ppoly(self, xp): + # make sure it's consistent w/ power basis + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, k = 5, 8 # number of intervals, order + x = np.sort(rng.random(m)) + c = rng.random((k, m-1)) + + c, x = xp.asarray(c), xp.asarray(x) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + pp = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + + for d in range(k): + bp = bp.derivative() + pp = pp.derivative() + xpp = xp.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 21) + xp_assert_close(bp(xpp), pp(xpp)) + + def test_deriv_inplace(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, k = 5, 8 # number of intervals, order + x = np.sort(rng.random(m)) + c = rng.random((k, m-1)) + + # test both real and complex coefficients + for cc in [c.copy(), c*(1. + 2.j)]: + bp = BPoly(cc, x) + xpp = np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 21) + for i in range(k): + xp_assert_close(bp(xpp, i), bp.derivative(i)(xpp)) + + def test_antiderivative_simple(self, xp): + # f(x) = x for x \in [0, 1), + # (x-1)/2 for x \in [1, 3] + # + # antiderivative is then + # F(x) = x**2 / 2 for x \in [0, 1), + # 0.5*x*(x/2 - 1) + A for x \in [1, 3] + # where A = 3/4 for continuity at x = 1. + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[0, 0], [1, 1]]) + + bp = BPoly(c, x) + bi = bp.antiderivative() + + xx = xp.linspace(0, 3, 11, dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(bi(xx), + xp.where(xx < 1, xx**2 / 2., + 0.5 * xx * (xx/2. - 1) + 3./4), + atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_der_antider(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(11)) + c = rng.random((4, 10, 2, 3)) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + + xx = np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 100) + xp_assert_close(bp.antiderivative().derivative()(xx), + bp(xx), atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_antider_ppoly(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(11)) + c = rng.random((4, 10, 2, 3)) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + pp = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + + xx = np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 10) + + xp_assert_close(bp.antiderivative(2)(xx), + pp.antiderivative(2)(xx), atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_antider_continuous(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(11)) + c = rng.random((4, 10)) + bp = BPoly(c, x).antiderivative() + + xx = bp.x[1:-1] + xp_assert_close(bp(xx - 1e-14), + bp(xx + 1e-14), atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + def test_integrate(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.sort(rng.random(11)) + c = rng.random((4, 10)) + x, c = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(c) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + pp = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + xp_assert_close(bp.integrate(0, 1), + pp.integrate(0, 1), atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12, check_0d=False) + + def test_integrate_extrap(self): + c = [[1]] + x = [0, 1] + b = BPoly(c, x) + + # default is extrapolate=True + xp_assert_close(b.integrate(0, 2), np.asarray(2.), + atol=1e-14, check_0d=False) + + # .integrate argument overrides self.extrapolate + b1 = BPoly(c, x, extrapolate=False) + assert np.isnan(b1.integrate(0, 2)) + xp_assert_close(b1.integrate(0, 2, extrapolate=True), + np.asarray(2.), atol=1e-14, check_0d=False) + + def test_integrate_periodic(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([1, 2, 4]) + c = xp.asarray([[0., 0.], [-1., -1.], [2., -0.], [1., 2.]]) + + P = BPoly.from_power_basis(PPoly(c, x), extrapolate='periodic') + I = P.antiderivative() + + period_int = xp.asarray(I(4) - I(1)) + + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(1, 4), period_int) #, check_0d=False) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-10, -7), period_int) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-10, -4), xp.asarray(2 * period_int)) + + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(1.5, 2.5), xp.asarray(I(2.5) - I(1.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5, 5), xp.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5 + 12, 5 + 12), + xp.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(3.5, 5 + 12), + xp.asarray(I(2) - I(1) + I(4) - I(3.5) + 4 * period_int)) + + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(0, -1), xp.asarray(I(2) - I(3))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(-9, -10), xp.asarray(I(2) - I(3))) + xp_assert_close(P.integrate(0, -10), xp.asarray(I(2) - I(3) - 3 * period_int)) + + def test_antider_neg(self, xp): + # .derivative(-nu) ==> .andiderivative(nu) and vice versa + c = xp.asarray([[1]]) + x = xp.asarray([0, 1]) + b = BPoly(c, x) + + xx = xp.linspace(0, 1, 21) + + xp_assert_close(b.derivative(-1)(xx), b.antiderivative()(xx), + atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + xp_assert_close(b.derivative(1)(xx), b.antiderivative(-1)(xx), + atol=1e-12, rtol=1e-12) + + +@make_xp_test_case(BPoly, PPoly) +class TestPolyConversions: + def test_bp_from_pp(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[3, 2], [1, 8], [4, 3]]) + pp = PPoly(c, x) + bp = BPoly.from_power_basis(pp) + pp1 = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + + xv = xp.asarray([0.1, 1.4]) + xp_assert_close(pp(xv), bp(xv)) + xp_assert_close(pp(xv), pp1(xv)) + + def test_bp_from_pp_random(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, k = 5, 8 # number of intervals, order + x = np.sort(rng.random(m)) + c = rng.random((k, m-1)) + pp = PPoly(c, x) + bp = BPoly.from_power_basis(pp) + pp1 = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + + xv = np.linspace(x[0], x[-1], 21) + xp_assert_close(pp(xv), bp(xv)) + xp_assert_close(pp(xv), pp1(xv)) + + def test_pp_from_bp(self, xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 1, 3]) + c = xp.asarray([[3, 3], [1, 1], [4, 2]]) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + pp = PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(bp) + bp1 = BPoly.from_power_basis(pp) + + xv = xp.asarray([0.1, 1.4]) + xp_assert_close(bp(xv), pp(xv)) + xp_assert_close(bp(xv), bp1(xv)) + + def test_broken_conversions(self): + # regression test for gh-10597: from_power_basis only accepts PPoly etc. + x = [0, 1, 3] + c = [[3, 3], [1, 1], [4, 2]] + pp = PPoly(c, x) + with assert_raises(TypeError): + PPoly.from_bernstein_basis(pp) + + bp = BPoly(c, x) + with assert_raises(TypeError): + BPoly.from_power_basis(bp) + + +class TestBPolyFromDerivatives: + def test_make_poly_1(self): + c1 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [2], [3]) + xp_assert_close(c1, [2., 3.]) + + def test_make_poly_2(self): + c1 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [1, 0], [1]) + xp_assert_close(c1, [1., 1., 1.]) + + # f'(0) = 3 + c2 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [2, 3], [1]) + xp_assert_close(c2, [2., 7./2, 1.]) + + # f'(1) = 3 + c3 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [2], [1, 3]) + xp_assert_close(c3, [2., -0.5, 1.]) + + def test_make_poly_3(self): + # f'(0)=2, f''(0)=3 + c1 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [1, 2, 3], [4]) + xp_assert_close(c1, [1., 5./3, 17./6, 4.]) + + # f'(1)=2, f''(1)=3 + c2 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [1], [4, 2, 3]) + xp_assert_close(c2, [1., 19./6, 10./3, 4.]) + + # f'(0)=2, f'(1)=3 + c3 = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, [1, 2], [4, 3]) + xp_assert_close(c3, [1., 5./3, 3., 4.]) + + def test_make_poly_12(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + ya = np.r_[0, rng.random(5)] + yb = np.r_[0, rng.random(5)] + + c = BPoly._construct_from_derivatives(0, 1, ya, yb) + pp = BPoly(c[:, None], [0, 1]) + for j in range(6): + xp_assert_close(pp(0.), ya[j], check_0d=False) + xp_assert_close(pp(1.), yb[j], check_0d=False) + pp = pp.derivative() + + def test_raise_degree(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + x = [0, 1] + k, d = 8, 5 + c = rng.random((k, 1, 2, 3, 4)) + bp = BPoly(c, x) + + c1 = BPoly._raise_degree(c, d) + bp1 = BPoly(c1, x) + + xp = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + xp_assert_close(bp(xp), bp1(xp)) + + def test_xi_yi(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, BPoly.from_derivatives, [0, 1], [0]) + + def test_coords_order(self): + xi = [0, 0, 1] + yi = [[0], [0], [0]] + assert_raises(ValueError, BPoly.from_derivatives, xi, yi) + + def test_zeros(self): + xi = [0, 1, 2, 3] + yi = [[0, 0], [0], [0, 0], [0, 0]] # NB: will have to raise the degree + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi) + assert pp.c.shape == (4, 3) + + ppd = pp.derivative() + for xp in [0., 0.1, 1., 1.1, 1.9, 2., 2.5]: + xp_assert_close(pp(xp), np.asarray(0.0)) + xp_assert_close(ppd(xp), np.asarray(0.0)) + + + def _make_random_mk(self, m, k): + # k derivatives at each breakpoint + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + xi = np.asarray([1. * j**2 for j in range(m+1)]) + yi = [rng.random(k) for j in range(m+1)] + return xi, yi + + def test_random_12(self): + m, k = 5, 12 + xi, yi = self._make_random_mk(m, k) + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi) + + for order in range(k//2): + xp_assert_close(pp(xi), [yy[order] for yy in yi]) + pp = pp.derivative() + + def test_order_zero(self): + m, k = 5, 12 + xi, yi = self._make_random_mk(m, k) + assert_raises(ValueError, BPoly.from_derivatives, + **dict(xi=xi, yi=yi, orders=0)) + + def test_orders_too_high(self): + m, k = 5, 12 + xi, yi = self._make_random_mk(m, k) + + BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi, orders=2*k-1) # this is still ok + assert_raises(ValueError, BPoly.from_derivatives, # but this is not + **dict(xi=xi, yi=yi, orders=2*k)) + + def test_orders_global(self): + m, k = 5, 12 + xi, yi = self._make_random_mk(m, k) + + # ok, this is confusing. Local polynomials will be of the order 5 + # which means that up to the 2nd derivatives will be used at each point + order = 5 + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi, orders=order) + + for j in range(order//2+1): + xp_assert_close(pp(xi[1:-1] - 1e-12), pp(xi[1:-1] + 1e-12)) + pp = pp.derivative() + assert not np.allclose(pp(xi[1:-1] - 1e-12), pp(xi[1:-1] + 1e-12)) + + # now repeat with `order` being even: on each interval, it uses + # order//2 'derivatives' @ the right-hand endpoint and + # order//2+1 @ 'derivatives' the left-hand endpoint + order = 6 + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi, orders=order) + for j in range(order//2): + xp_assert_close(pp(xi[1:-1] - 1e-12), pp(xi[1:-1] + 1e-12)) + pp = pp.derivative() + assert not np.allclose(pp(xi[1:-1] - 1e-12), pp(xi[1:-1] + 1e-12)) + + def test_orders_local(self): + m, k = 7, 12 + xi, yi = self._make_random_mk(m, k) + + orders = [o + 1 for o in range(m)] + for i, x in enumerate(xi[1:-1]): + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi, orders=orders) + for j in range(orders[i] // 2 + 1): + xp_assert_close(pp(x - 1e-12), pp(x + 1e-12)) + pp = pp.derivative() + assert not np.allclose(pp(x - 1e-12), pp(x + 1e-12)) + + def test_yi_trailing_dims(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, k = 7, 5 + xi = np.sort(rng.random(m+1)) + yi = rng.random((m+1, k, 6, 7, 8)) + pp = BPoly.from_derivatives(xi, yi) + assert pp.c.shape == (2*k, m, 6, 7, 8) + + def test_gh_5430(self): + # At least one of these raises an error unless gh-5430 is + # fixed. In py2k an int is implemented using a C long, so + # which one fails depends on your system. In py3k there is only + # one arbitrary precision integer type, so both should fail. + orders = np.int32(1) + p = BPoly.from_derivatives([0, 1], [[0], [0]], orders=orders) + assert_almost_equal(p(0), np.asarray(0)) + orders = np.int64(1) + p = BPoly.from_derivatives([0, 1], [[0], [0]], orders=orders) + assert_almost_equal(p(0), np.asarray(0)) + orders = 1 + # This worked before; make sure it still works + p = BPoly.from_derivatives([0, 1], [[0], [0]], orders=orders) + assert_almost_equal(p(0), np.asarray(0)) + orders = 1 + + +class TestNdPPoly: + def test_simple_1d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5+1) + + xi = rng.rand(200) + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x,)) + v1 = p((xi,)) + + v2 = _ppoly_eval_1(c[:,:,None], x, xi).ravel() + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_simple_2d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 6, 7) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 6+1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 7+1)**2 + + xi = rng.rand(200) + yi = rng.rand(200) + + v1 = np.empty([len(xi), 1], dtype=c.dtype) + v1.fill(np.nan) + _ppoly.evaluate_nd(c.reshape(4*5, 6*7, 1), + (x, y), + np.array([4, 5], dtype=np.intc), + np.c_[xi, yi], + np.array([0, 0], dtype=np.intc), + 1, + v1) + v1 = v1.ravel() + v2 = _ppoly2d_eval(c, (x, y), xi, yi) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y)) + for nu in (None, (0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 0), (2, 3), (9, 2)): + v1 = p(np.c_[xi, yi], nu=nu) + v2 = _ppoly2d_eval(c, (x, y), xi, yi, nu=nu) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, err_msg=repr(nu)) + + def test_simple_3d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 7+1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 8+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 9+1)**3 + + xi = rng.rand(40) + yi = rng.rand(40) + zi = rng.rand(40) + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z)) + + for nu in (None, (0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (1, 0, 0), (2, 3, 0), + (6, 0, 2)): + v1 = p((xi, yi, zi), nu=nu) + v2 = _ppoly3d_eval(c, (x, y, z), xi, yi, zi, nu=nu) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, err_msg=repr(nu)) + + def test_simple_4d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 8+1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 9+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 10+1)**3 + u = np.linspace(0, 1, 11+1)**4 + + xi = rng.rand(20) + yi = rng.rand(20) + zi = rng.rand(20) + ui = rng.rand(20) + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z, u)) + v1 = p((xi, yi, zi, ui)) + + v2 = _ppoly4d_eval(c, (x, y, z, u), xi, yi, zi, ui) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_deriv_1d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5+1) + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x,)) + + # derivative + dp = p.derivative(nu=[1]) + p1 = PPoly(c, x) + dp1 = p1.derivative() + xp_assert_close(dp.c, dp1.c) + + # antiderivative + dp = p.antiderivative(nu=[2]) + p1 = PPoly(c, x) + dp1 = p1.antiderivative(2) + xp_assert_close(dp.c, dp1.c) + + def test_deriv_3d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 7+1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 8+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 9+1)**3 + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z)) + + # differentiate vs x + p1 = PPoly(c.transpose(0, 3, 1, 2, 4, 5), x) + dp = p.derivative(nu=[2]) + dp1 = p1.derivative(2) + xp_assert_close(dp.c, + dp1.c.transpose(0, 2, 3, 1, 4, 5)) + + # antidifferentiate vs y + p1 = PPoly(c.transpose(1, 4, 0, 2, 3, 5), y) + dp = p.antiderivative(nu=[0, 1, 0]) + dp1 = p1.antiderivative(1) + xp_assert_close(dp.c, + dp1.c.transpose(2, 0, 3, 4, 1, 5)) + + # differentiate vs z + p1 = PPoly(c.transpose(2, 5, 0, 1, 3, 4), z) + dp = p.derivative(nu=[0, 0, 3]) + dp1 = p1.derivative(3) + xp_assert_close(dp.c, + dp1.c.transpose(2, 3, 0, 4, 5, 1)) + + def test_deriv_3d_simple(self): + # Integrate to obtain function x y**2 z**4 / (2! 4!) + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + c = np.ones((1, 1, 1, 3, 4, 5)) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 3+1)**1 + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 4+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 5+1)**3 + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z)) + ip = p.antiderivative((1, 0, 4)) + ip = ip.antiderivative((0, 2, 0)) + + xi = rng.rand(20) + yi = rng.rand(20) + zi = rng.rand(20) + + xp_assert_close(ip((xi, yi, zi)), + xi * yi**2 * zi**4 / (gamma(3)*gamma(5))) + + def test_integrate_2d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 16, 17) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 16+1)**1 + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 17+1)**2 + + # make continuously differentiable so that nquad() has an + # easier time + c = c.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3) + cx = c.reshape(c.shape[0], c.shape[1], -1).copy() + _ppoly.fix_continuity(cx, x, 2) + c = cx.reshape(c.shape) + c = c.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3) + c = c.transpose(1, 3, 0, 2) + cx = c.reshape(c.shape[0], c.shape[1], -1).copy() + _ppoly.fix_continuity(cx, y, 2) + c = cx.reshape(c.shape) + c = c.transpose(2, 0, 3, 1).copy() + + # Check integration + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y)) + + for ranges in [[(0, 1), (0, 1)], + [(0, 0.5), (0, 1)], + [(0, 1), (0, 0.5)], + [(0.3, 0.7), (0.6, 0.2)]]: + + ig = p.integrate(ranges) + ig2, err2 = nquad(lambda x, y: p((x, y)), ranges, + opts=[dict(epsrel=1e-5, epsabs=1e-5)]*2) + xp_assert_close(ig, ig2, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-5, check_0d=False, + err_msg=repr(ranges)) + + def test_integrate_1d(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = rng.rand(4, 5, 6, 16, 17, 18) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 16+1)**1 + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 17+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 18+1)**3 + + # Check 1-D integration + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z)) + + u = rng.rand(200) + v = rng.rand(200) + a, b = 0.2, 0.7 + + px = p.integrate_1d(a, b, axis=0) + pax = p.antiderivative((1, 0, 0)) + xp_assert_close(px((u, v)), pax((b, u, v)) - pax((a, u, v))) + + py = p.integrate_1d(a, b, axis=1) + pay = p.antiderivative((0, 1, 0)) + xp_assert_close(py((u, v)), pay((u, b, v)) - pay((u, a, v))) + + pz = p.integrate_1d(a, b, axis=2) + paz = p.antiderivative((0, 0, 1)) + xp_assert_close(pz((u, v)), paz((u, v, b)) - paz((u, v, a))) + + def test_concurrency(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + + c = rng.uniform(size=(4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)) + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 7+1) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 8+1)**2 + z = np.linspace(0, 1, 9+1)**3 + + p = NdPPoly(c, (x, y, z)) + + def worker_fn(_, spl): + xi = rng.uniform(size=40) + yi = rng.uniform(size=40) + zi = rng.uniform(size=40) + spl((xi, yi, zi)) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, p) + + +def _ppoly_eval_1(c, x, xps): + """Evaluate piecewise polynomial manually""" + out = np.zeros((len(xps), c.shape[2])) + for i, xp in enumerate(xps): + if xp < 0 or xp > 1: + out[i,:] = np.nan + continue + j = np.searchsorted(x, xp) - 1 + d = xp - x[j] + assert x[j] <= xp < x[j+1] + r = sum(c[k,j] * d**(c.shape[0]-k-1) + for k in range(c.shape[0])) + out[i,:] = r + return out + + +def _ppoly_eval_2(coeffs, breaks, xnew, fill=np.nan): + """Evaluate piecewise polynomial manually (another way)""" + a = breaks[0] + b = breaks[-1] + K = coeffs.shape[0] + + saveshape = np.shape(xnew) + xnew = np.ravel(xnew) + res = np.empty_like(xnew) + mask = (xnew >= a) & (xnew <= b) + res[~mask] = fill + xx = xnew.compress(mask) + indxs = np.searchsorted(breaks, xx)-1 + indxs = indxs.clip(0, len(breaks)) + pp = coeffs + diff = xx - breaks.take(indxs) + V = np.vander(diff, N=K) + values = np.array([np.dot(V[k, :], pp[:, indxs[k]]) for k in range(len(xx))]) + res[mask] = values + res = res.reshape(saveshape) + return res + + +def _dpow(x, y, n): + """ + d^n (x**y) / dx^n + """ + if n < 0: + raise ValueError("invalid derivative order") + elif n > y: + return 0 + else: + return poch(y - n + 1, n) * x**(y - n) + + +def _ppoly2d_eval(c, xs, xnew, ynew, nu=None): + """ + Straightforward evaluation of 2-D piecewise polynomial + """ + if nu is None: + nu = (0, 0) + + out = np.empty((len(xnew),), dtype=c.dtype) + + nx, ny = c.shape[:2] + + for jout, (x, y) in enumerate(zip(xnew, ynew)): + if not ((xs[0][0] <= x <= xs[0][-1]) and + (xs[1][0] <= y <= xs[1][-1])): + out[jout] = np.nan + continue + + j1 = np.searchsorted(xs[0], x) - 1 + j2 = np.searchsorted(xs[1], y) - 1 + + s1 = x - xs[0][j1] + s2 = y - xs[1][j2] + + val = 0 + + for k1 in range(c.shape[0]): + for k2 in range(c.shape[1]): + val += (c[nx-k1-1,ny-k2-1,j1,j2] + * _dpow(s1, k1, nu[0]) + * _dpow(s2, k2, nu[1])) + + out[jout] = val + + return out + + +def _ppoly3d_eval(c, xs, xnew, ynew, znew, nu=None): + """ + Straightforward evaluation of 3-D piecewise polynomial + """ + if nu is None: + nu = (0, 0, 0) + + out = np.empty((len(xnew),), dtype=c.dtype) + + nx, ny, nz = c.shape[:3] + + for jout, (x, y, z) in enumerate(zip(xnew, ynew, znew)): + if not ((xs[0][0] <= x <= xs[0][-1]) and + (xs[1][0] <= y <= xs[1][-1]) and + (xs[2][0] <= z <= xs[2][-1])): + out[jout] = np.nan + continue + + j1 = np.searchsorted(xs[0], x) - 1 + j2 = np.searchsorted(xs[1], y) - 1 + j3 = np.searchsorted(xs[2], z) - 1 + + s1 = x - xs[0][j1] + s2 = y - xs[1][j2] + s3 = z - xs[2][j3] + + val = 0 + for k1 in range(c.shape[0]): + for k2 in range(c.shape[1]): + for k3 in range(c.shape[2]): + val += (c[nx-k1-1,ny-k2-1,nz-k3-1,j1,j2,j3] + * _dpow(s1, k1, nu[0]) + * _dpow(s2, k2, nu[1]) + * _dpow(s3, k3, nu[2])) + + out[jout] = val + + return out + + +def _ppoly4d_eval(c, xs, xnew, ynew, znew, unew, nu=None): + """ + Straightforward evaluation of 4-D piecewise polynomial + """ + if nu is None: + nu = (0, 0, 0, 0) + + out = np.empty((len(xnew),), dtype=c.dtype) + + mx, my, mz, mu = c.shape[:4] + + for jout, (x, y, z, u) in enumerate(zip(xnew, ynew, znew, unew)): + if not ((xs[0][0] <= x <= xs[0][-1]) and + (xs[1][0] <= y <= xs[1][-1]) and + (xs[2][0] <= z <= xs[2][-1]) and + (xs[3][0] <= u <= xs[3][-1])): + out[jout] = np.nan + continue + + j1 = np.searchsorted(xs[0], x) - 1 + j2 = np.searchsorted(xs[1], y) - 1 + j3 = np.searchsorted(xs[2], z) - 1 + j4 = np.searchsorted(xs[3], u) - 1 + + s1 = x - xs[0][j1] + s2 = y - xs[1][j2] + s3 = z - xs[2][j3] + s4 = u - xs[3][j4] + + val = 0 + for k1 in range(c.shape[0]): + for k2 in range(c.shape[1]): + for k3 in range(c.shape[2]): + for k4 in range(c.shape[3]): + val += (c[mx-k1-1,my-k2-1,mz-k3-1,mu-k4-1,j1,j2,j3,j4] + * _dpow(s1, k1, nu[0]) + * _dpow(s2, k2, nu[1]) + * _dpow(s3, k3, nu[2]) + * _dpow(s4, k4, nu[3])) + + out[jout] = val + + return out diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_ndgriddata.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_ndgriddata.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..586189b647e4caab0bdb5e57f3247b9ed8632152 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_ndgriddata.py @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close +) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.interpolate import (griddata, NearestNDInterpolator, + LinearNDInterpolator, + CloughTocher2DInterpolator) +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + + +parametrize_interpolators = pytest.mark.parametrize( + "interpolator", [NearestNDInterpolator, LinearNDInterpolator, + CloughTocher2DInterpolator] +) +parametrize_methods = pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'method', + ('nearest', 'linear', 'cubic'), +) +parametrize_rescale = pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'rescale', + (True, False), +) + + +class TestGriddata: + def test_fill_value(self): + x = [(0,0), (0,1), (1,0)] + y = [1, 2, 3] + + yi = griddata(x, y, [(1,1), (1,2), (0,0)], fill_value=-1) + xp_assert_equal(yi, [-1., -1, 1]) + + yi = griddata(x, y, [(1,1), (1,2), (0,0)]) + xp_assert_equal(yi, [np.nan, np.nan, 1]) + + @parametrize_methods + @parametrize_rescale + def test_alternative_call(self, method, rescale): + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = (np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64)[:,None] + + np.array([0,1])[None,:]) + + msg = repr((method, rescale)) + yi = griddata((x[:,0], x[:,1]), y, (x[:,0], x[:,1]), method=method, + rescale=rescale) + xp_assert_close(y, yi, atol=1e-14, err_msg=msg) + + @parametrize_methods + @parametrize_rescale + def test_multivalue_2d(self, method, rescale): + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = (np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64)[:,None] + + np.array([0,1])[None,:]) + + msg = repr((method, rescale)) + yi = griddata(x, y, x, method=method, rescale=rescale) + xp_assert_close(y, yi, atol=1e-14, err_msg=msg) + + @parametrize_methods + @parametrize_rescale + def test_multipoint_2d(self, method, rescale): + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + + xi = x[:,None,:] + np.array([0,0,0])[None,:,None] + + msg = repr((method, rescale)) + yi = griddata(x, y, xi, method=method, rescale=rescale) + + assert yi.shape == (5, 3), msg + xp_assert_close(yi, np.tile(y[:,None], (1, 3)), + atol=1e-14, err_msg=msg) + + @parametrize_methods + @parametrize_rescale + def test_complex_2d(self, method, rescale): + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 2j*y[::-1] + + xi = x[:,None,:] + np.array([0,0,0])[None,:,None] + + msg = repr((method, rescale)) + yi = griddata(x, y, xi, method=method, rescale=rescale) + + assert yi.shape == (5, 3) + xp_assert_close(yi, np.tile(y[:,None], (1, 3)), + atol=1e-14, err_msg=msg) + + @parametrize_methods + def test_1d(self, method): + x = np.array([1, 2.5, 3, 4.5, 5, 6]) + y = np.array([1, 2, 0, 3.9, 2, 1]) + + xp_assert_close(griddata(x, y, x, method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(griddata(x.reshape(6, 1), y, x, method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(griddata((x,), y, (x,), method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-14) + + def test_1d_borders(self): + # Test for nearest neighbor case with xi outside + # the range of the values. + x = np.array([1, 2.5, 3, 4.5, 5, 6]) + y = np.array([1, 2, 0, 3.9, 2, 1]) + xi = np.array([0.9, 6.5]) + yi_should = np.array([1.0, 1.0]) + + method = 'nearest' + xp_assert_close(griddata(x, y, xi, + method=method), yi_should, + err_msg=method, + atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(griddata(x.reshape(6, 1), y, xi, + method=method), yi_should, + err_msg=method, + atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(griddata((x, ), y, (xi, ), + method=method), yi_should, + err_msg=method, + atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_methods + def test_1d_unsorted(self, method): + x = np.array([2.5, 1, 4.5, 5, 6, 3]) + y = np.array([1, 2, 0, 3.9, 2, 1]) + + xp_assert_close(griddata(x, y, x, method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-10) + xp_assert_close(griddata(x.reshape(6, 1), y, x, method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-10) + xp_assert_close(griddata((x,), y, (x,), method=method), y, + err_msg=method, atol=1e-10) + + @parametrize_methods + def test_square_rescale_manual(self, method): + points = np.array([(0,0), (0,100), (10,100), (10,0), (1, 5)], dtype=np.float64) + points_rescaled = np.array([(0,0), (0,1), (1,1), (1,0), (0.1, 0.05)], + dtype=np.float64) + values = np.array([1., 2., -3., 5., 9.], dtype=np.float64) + + xx, yy = np.broadcast_arrays(np.linspace(0, 10, 14)[:,None], + np.linspace(0, 100, 14)[None,:]) + xx = xx.ravel() + yy = yy.ravel() + xi = np.array([xx, yy]).T.copy() + + msg = method + zi = griddata(points_rescaled, values, xi/np.array([10, 100.]), + method=method) + zi_rescaled = griddata(points, values, xi, method=method, + rescale=True) + xp_assert_close(zi, zi_rescaled, err_msg=msg, + atol=1e-12) + + @parametrize_methods + def test_xi_1d(self, method): + # Check that 1-D xi is interpreted as a coordinate + x = np.array([(0,0), (-0.5,-0.5), (-0.5,0.5), (0.5, 0.5), (0.25, 0.3)], + dtype=np.float64) + y = np.arange(x.shape[0], dtype=np.float64) + y = y - 2j*y[::-1] + + xi = np.array([0.5, 0.5]) + + p1 = griddata(x, y, xi, method=method) + p2 = griddata(x, y, xi[None,:], method=method) + xp_assert_close(p1, p2, err_msg=method) + + xi1 = np.array([0.5]) + xi3 = np.array([0.5, 0.5, 0.5]) + assert_raises(ValueError, griddata, x, y, xi1, + method=method) + assert_raises(ValueError, griddata, x, y, xi3, + method=method) + + +class TestNearestNDInterpolator: + def test_nearest_options(self): + # smoke test that NearestNDInterpolator accept cKDTree options + npts, nd = 4, 3 + x = np.arange(npts*nd).reshape((npts, nd)) + y = np.arange(npts) + nndi = NearestNDInterpolator(x, y) + + opts = {'balanced_tree': False, 'compact_nodes': False} + nndi_o = NearestNDInterpolator(x, y, tree_options=opts) + xp_assert_close(nndi(x), nndi_o(x), atol=1e-14) + + def test_nearest_list_argument(self): + nd = np.array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2]]) + d = nd[:, 3:] + + # z is np.array + NI = NearestNDInterpolator((d[0], d[1]), d[2]) + xp_assert_equal(NI([0.1, 0.9], [0.1, 0.9]), [0.0, 2.0]) + + # z is list + NI = NearestNDInterpolator((d[0], d[1]), list(d[2])) + xp_assert_equal(NI([0.1, 0.9], [0.1, 0.9]), [0.0, 2.0]) + + def test_nearest_query_options(self): + nd = np.array([[0, 0.5, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 0.5, 1], + [0, 1, 1, 2]]) + delta = 0.1 + query_points = [0 + delta, 1 + delta], [0 + delta, 1 + delta] + + # case 1 - query max_dist is smaller than + # the query points' nearest distance to nd. + NI = NearestNDInterpolator((nd[0], nd[1]), nd[2]) + distance_upper_bound = np.sqrt(delta ** 2 + delta ** 2) - 1e-7 + xp_assert_equal(NI(query_points, distance_upper_bound=distance_upper_bound), + [np.nan, np.nan]) + + # case 2 - query p is inf, will return [0, 2] + distance_upper_bound = np.sqrt(delta ** 2 + delta ** 2) - 1e-7 + p = np.inf + xp_assert_equal( + NI(query_points, distance_upper_bound=distance_upper_bound, p=p), + [0.0, 2.0] + ) + + # case 3 - query max_dist is larger, so should return non np.nan + distance_upper_bound = np.sqrt(delta ** 2 + delta ** 2) + 1e-7 + xp_assert_equal( + NI(query_points, distance_upper_bound=distance_upper_bound), + [0.0, 2.0] + ) + + def test_nearest_query_valid_inputs(self): + nd = np.array([[0, 1, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 1, 1, 2]]) + NI = NearestNDInterpolator((nd[0], nd[1]), nd[2]) + with assert_raises(TypeError): + NI([0.5, 0.5], query_options="not a dictionary") + + def test_concurrency(self): + npts, nd = 50, 3 + x = np.arange(npts * nd).reshape((npts, nd)) + y = np.arange(npts) + nndi = NearestNDInterpolator(x, y) + + def worker_fn(_, spl): + spl(x) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, nndi) + + +class TestNDInterpolators: + @parametrize_interpolators + def test_broadcastable_input(self, interpolator): + # input data + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + x = rng.random(10) + y = rng.random(10) + z = np.hypot(x, y) + + # x-y grid for interpolation + X = np.linspace(min(x), max(x)) + Y = np.linspace(min(y), max(y)) + X, Y = np.meshgrid(X, Y) + XY = np.vstack((X.ravel(), Y.ravel())).T + interp = interpolator(list(zip(x, y)), z) + # single array input + interp_points0 = interp(XY) + # tuple input + interp_points1 = interp((X, Y)) + interp_points2 = interp((X, 0.0)) + # broadcastable input + interp_points3 = interp(X, Y) + interp_points4 = interp(X, 0.0) + + assert (interp_points0.size == + interp_points1.size == + interp_points2.size == + interp_points3.size == + interp_points4.size) + + @parametrize_interpolators + def test_read_only(self, interpolator): + # input data + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + xy = rng.random((10, 2)) + x, y = xy[:, 0], xy[:, 1] + z = np.hypot(x, y) + + # interpolation points + XY = rng.random((50, 2)) + + xy.setflags(write=False) + z.setflags(write=False) + XY.setflags(write=False) + + interp = interpolator(xy, z) + interp(XY) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_pade.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_pade.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..119b7d1c5667368b284fbf6458174ea14e71957a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_pade.py @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy.interpolate import pade +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, assert_array_almost_equal +) + +def test_pade_trivial(): + nump, denomp = pade([1.0], 0) + xp_assert_equal(nump.c, np.asarray([1.0])) + xp_assert_equal(denomp.c, np.asarray([1.0])) + + nump, denomp = pade([1.0], 0, 0) + xp_assert_equal(nump.c, np.asarray([1.0])) + xp_assert_equal(denomp.c, np.asarray([1.0])) + + +def test_pade_4term_exp(): + # First four Taylor coefficients of exp(x). + # Unlike poly1d, the first array element is the zero-order term. + an = [1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 1.0/6] + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 0) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/6, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 1) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/6, 2.0/3, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [-1.0/3, 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/3, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0/6, -2.0/3, 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 3) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [-1.0/6, 0.5, -1.0, 1.0]) + + # Testing inclusion of optional parameter + nump, denomp = pade(an, 0, 3) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/6, 0.5, 1.0, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 1, 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/6, 2.0/3, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [-1.0/3, 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 2, 1) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/3, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0/6, -2.0/3, 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 3, 0) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [-1.0/6, 0.5, -1.0, 1.0]) + + # Testing reducing array. + nump, denomp = pade(an, 0, 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [0.5, 1.0, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 1, 1) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0/2, 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [-1.0/2, 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 2, 0) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [1.0/2, -1.0, 1.0]) + + +def test_pade_ints(): + # Simple test sequences (one of ints, one of floats). + an_int = [1, 2, 3, 4] + an_flt = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0] + + # Make sure integer arrays give the same result as float arrays with same values. + for i in range(0, len(an_int)): + for j in range(0, len(an_int) - i): + + # Create float and int pade approximation for given order. + nump_int, denomp_int = pade(an_int, i, j) + nump_flt, denomp_flt = pade(an_flt, i, j) + + # Check that they are the same. + xp_assert_equal(nump_int.c, nump_flt.c) + xp_assert_equal(denomp_int.c, denomp_flt.c) + + +def test_pade_complex(): + # Test sequence with known solutions - see page 6 of 10.1109/PESGM.2012.6344759. + # Variable x is parameter - these tests will work with any complex number. + x = 0.2 + 0.6j + an = [1.0, x, -x*x.conjugate(), x.conjugate()*(x**2) + x*(x.conjugate()**2), + -(x**3)*x.conjugate() - 3*(x*x.conjugate())**2 - x*(x.conjugate()**3)] + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 1, 1) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [x + x.conjugate(), 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [x.conjugate(), 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 1, 2) + assert_array_almost_equal(nump.c, [x**2, 2*x + x.conjugate(), 1.0]) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [x + x.conjugate(), 1.0]) + + nump, denomp = pade(an, 2, 2) + assert_array_almost_equal( + nump.c, + [x**2 + x*x.conjugate() + x.conjugate()**2, 2*(x + x.conjugate()), 1.0] + ) + assert_array_almost_equal(denomp.c, [x.conjugate()**2, x + 2*x.conjugate(), 1.0]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_polyint.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_polyint.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac4c530db83c649c9c1b614be86260891eee050f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_polyint.py @@ -0,0 +1,976 @@ +import warnings +import io +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, assert_array_almost_equal, assert_almost_equal, + make_xp_test_case +) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest + +from scipy.interpolate import ( + KroghInterpolator, krogh_interpolate, + BarycentricInterpolator, barycentric_interpolate, + approximate_taylor_polynomial, CubicHermiteSpline, pchip, + PchipInterpolator, pchip_interpolate, Akima1DInterpolator, CubicSpline, + make_interp_spline) +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends +xfail_xp_backends = pytest.mark.xfail_xp_backends + + +def check_shape(interpolator_cls, x_shape, y_shape, deriv_shape=None, axis=0, + extra_args=None): + if extra_args is None: + extra_args = {} + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + x = [-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4] + s = list(range(1, len(y_shape)+1)) + s.insert(axis % (len(y_shape)+1), 0) + y = rng.rand(*((6,) + y_shape)).transpose(s) + + xi = np.zeros(x_shape) + if interpolator_cls is CubicHermiteSpline: + dydx = rng.rand(*((6,) + y_shape)).transpose(s) + yi = interpolator_cls(x, y, dydx, axis=axis, **extra_args)(xi) + else: + yi = interpolator_cls(x, y, axis=axis, **extra_args)(xi) + + target_shape = ((deriv_shape or ()) + y.shape[:axis] + + x_shape + y.shape[axis:][1:]) + assert yi.shape == target_shape + + # check it works also with lists + if x_shape and y.size > 0: + if interpolator_cls is CubicHermiteSpline: + interpolator_cls(list(x), list(y), list(dydx), axis=axis, + **extra_args)(list(xi)) + else: + interpolator_cls(list(x), list(y), axis=axis, + **extra_args)(list(xi)) + + # check also values + if xi.size > 0 and deriv_shape is None: + bs_shape = y.shape[:axis] + (1,)*len(x_shape) + y.shape[axis:][1:] + yv = y[((slice(None,),)*(axis % y.ndim)) + (1,)] + yv = yv.reshape(bs_shape) + + yi, y = np.broadcast_arrays(yi, yv) + xp_assert_close(yi, y) + + +SHAPES = [(), (0,), (1,), (6, 2, 5)] + + +def test_shapes(): + + def spl_interp(x, y, axis): + return make_interp_spline(x, y, axis=axis) + + for ip in [KroghInterpolator, BarycentricInterpolator, CubicHermiteSpline, + pchip, Akima1DInterpolator, CubicSpline, spl_interp]: + for s1 in SHAPES: + for s2 in SHAPES: + for axis in range(-len(s2), len(s2)): + if ip != CubicSpline: + check_shape(ip, s1, s2, None, axis) + else: + for bc in ['natural', 'clamped']: + extra = {'bc_type': bc} + check_shape(ip, s1, s2, None, axis, extra) + +def test_derivs_shapes(): + for ip in [KroghInterpolator, BarycentricInterpolator]: + def interpolator_derivs(x, y, axis=0): + return ip(x, y, axis).derivatives + + for s1 in SHAPES: + for s2 in SHAPES: + for axis in range(-len(s2), len(s2)): + check_shape(interpolator_derivs, s1, s2, (6,), axis) + + +def test_deriv_shapes(): + def krogh_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return KroghInterpolator(x, y, axis).derivative + + def bary_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return BarycentricInterpolator(x, y, axis).derivative + + def pchip_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return pchip(x, y, axis).derivative() + + def pchip_deriv2(x, y, axis=0): + return pchip(x, y, axis).derivative(2) + + def pchip_antideriv(x, y, axis=0): + return pchip(x, y, axis).antiderivative() + + def pchip_antideriv2(x, y, axis=0): + return pchip(x, y, axis).antiderivative(2) + + def pchip_deriv_inplace(x, y, axis=0): + class P(PchipInterpolator): + def __call__(self, x): + return PchipInterpolator.__call__(self, x, 1) + pass + return P(x, y, axis) + + def akima_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, axis).derivative() + + def akima_antideriv(x, y, axis=0): + return Akima1DInterpolator(x, y, axis).antiderivative() + + def cspline_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return CubicSpline(x, y, axis).derivative() + + def cspline_antideriv(x, y, axis=0): + return CubicSpline(x, y, axis).antiderivative() + + def bspl_deriv(x, y, axis=0): + return make_interp_spline(x, y, axis=axis).derivative() + + def bspl_antideriv(x, y, axis=0): + return make_interp_spline(x, y, axis=axis).antiderivative() + + for ip in [krogh_deriv, bary_deriv, pchip_deriv, pchip_deriv2, pchip_deriv_inplace, + pchip_antideriv, pchip_antideriv2, akima_deriv, akima_antideriv, + cspline_deriv, cspline_antideriv, bspl_deriv, bspl_antideriv]: + for s1 in SHAPES: + for s2 in SHAPES: + for axis in range(-len(s2), len(s2)): + check_shape(ip, s1, s2, (), axis) + + +def test_complex(): + x = [1, 2, 3, 4] + y = [1, 2, 1j, 3] + + for ip in [KroghInterpolator, BarycentricInterpolator, CubicSpline]: + p = ip(x, y) + xp_assert_close(p(x), np.asarray(y)) + + dydx = [0, -1j, 2, 3j] + p = CubicHermiteSpline(x, y, dydx) + xp_assert_close(p(x), np.asarray(y)) + xp_assert_close(p(x, 1), np.asarray(dydx)) + + +class TestKrogh: + def setup_method(self): + self.true_poly = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-4, 5, 1, 3, -2]) + self.test_xs = np.linspace(-1,1,100) + self.xs = np.linspace(-1,1,5) + self.ys = self.true_poly(self.xs) + + def test_lagrange(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(self.test_xs),P(self.test_xs)) + + def test_scalar(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(7), P(7), check_0d=False) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(np.array(7)), P(np.array(7)), check_0d=False) + + def test_derivatives(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + D[i]) + + def test_low_derivatives(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs,len(self.xs)+2) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + D[i]) + + def test_derivative(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + m = 10 + r = P.derivatives(self.test_xs,m) + for i in range(m): + assert_almost_equal(P.derivative(self.test_xs,i),r[i]) + + def test_high_derivative(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + for i in range(len(self.xs), 2*len(self.xs)): + assert_almost_equal(P.derivative(self.test_xs,i), + np.zeros(len(self.test_xs))) + + def test_ndim_derivatives(self): + poly1 = self.true_poly + poly2 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-2, 5, 3, -1]) + poly3 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([12, -3, 4, -5, 6]) + ys = np.stack((poly1(self.xs), poly2(self.xs), poly3(self.xs)), axis=-1) + + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs, ys, axis=0) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + xp_assert_close(D[i], + np.stack((poly1.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly2.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly3.deriv(i)(self.test_xs)), + axis=-1)) + + def test_ndim_derivative(self): + poly1 = self.true_poly + poly2 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-2, 5, 3, -1]) + poly3 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([12, -3, 4, -5, 6]) + ys = np.stack((poly1(self.xs), poly2(self.xs), poly3(self.xs)), axis=-1) + + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs, ys, axis=0) + for i in range(P.n): + xp_assert_close(P.derivative(self.test_xs, i), + np.stack((poly1.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly2.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly3.deriv(i)(self.test_xs)), + axis=-1)) + + def test_hermite(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(self.test_xs),P(self.test_xs)) + + def test_vector(self): + xs = [0, 1, 2] + ys = np.array([[0,1],[1,0],[2,1]]) + P = KroghInterpolator(xs,ys) + Pi = [KroghInterpolator(xs,ys[:,i]) for i in range(ys.shape[1])] + test_xs = np.linspace(-1,3,100) + assert_almost_equal(P(test_xs), + np.asarray([p(test_xs) for p in Pi]).T) + assert_almost_equal(P.derivatives(test_xs), + np.transpose(np.asarray([p.derivatives(test_xs) for p in Pi]), + (1,2,0))) + + def test_empty(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + xp_assert_equal(P([]), np.asarray([])) + + def test_shapes_scalarvalue(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == () + assert np.shape(P(np.array(0))) == () + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1,) + assert np.shape(P([0,1])) == (2,) + + def test_shapes_scalarvalue_derivative(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + n = P.n + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(0)) == (n,) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(np.array(0))) == (n,) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0])) == (n, 1) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0, 1])) == (n, 2) + + def test_shapes_vectorvalue(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,np.outer(self.ys,np.arange(3))) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == (3,) + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1, 3) + assert np.shape(P([0, 1])) == (2, 3) + + def test_shapes_1d_vectorvalue(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,np.outer(self.ys,[1])) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == (1,) + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1, 1) + assert np.shape(P([0,1])) == (2, 1) + + def test_shapes_vectorvalue_derivative(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs,np.outer(self.ys,np.arange(3))) + n = P.n + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(0)) == (n, 3) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0])) == (n, 1, 3) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0,1])) == (n, 2, 3) + + def test_wrapper(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + ki = krogh_interpolate + assert_almost_equal(P(self.test_xs), ki(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs)) + assert_almost_equal(P.derivative(self.test_xs, 2), + ki(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs, der=2)) + assert_almost_equal(P.derivatives(self.test_xs, 2), + ki(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs, der=[0, 1])) + + def test_int_inputs(self): + # Check input args are cast correctly to floats, gh-3669 + x = [0, 234, 468, 702, 936, 1170, 1404, 2340, 3744, 6084, 8424, + 13104, 60000] + offset_cdf = np.array([-0.95, -0.86114777, -0.8147762, -0.64072425, + -0.48002351, -0.34925329, -0.26503107, + -0.13148093, -0.12988833, -0.12979296, + -0.12973574, -0.08582937, 0.05]) + f = KroghInterpolator(x, offset_cdf) + + xp_assert_close(abs((f(x) - offset_cdf) / f.derivative(x, 1)), + np.zeros_like(offset_cdf), atol=1e-10) + + def test_derivatives_complex(self): + # regression test for gh-7381: krogh.derivatives(0) fails complex y + x, y = np.array([-1, -1, 0, 1, 1]), np.array([1, 1.0j, 0, -1, 1.0j]) + func = KroghInterpolator(x, y) + cmplx = func.derivatives(0) + + cmplx2 = (KroghInterpolator(x, y.real).derivatives(0) + + 1j*KroghInterpolator(x, y.imag).derivatives(0)) + xp_assert_close(cmplx, cmplx2, atol=1e-15) + + def test_high_degree_warning(self): + with pytest.warns(UserWarning, match="40 degrees provided,"): + KroghInterpolator(np.arange(40), np.ones(40)) + + def test_concurrency(self): + P = KroghInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + + def worker_fn(_, interp): + interp(self.xs) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, P) + + +class TestTaylor: + def test_exponential(self): + degree = 5 + p = approximate_taylor_polynomial(np.exp, 0, degree, 1, 15) + for i in range(degree+1): + assert_almost_equal(p(0),1) + p = p.deriv() + assert_almost_equal(p(0),0) + + +class TestBarycentric: + def setup_method(self): + self.true_poly = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-4, 5, 1, 3, -2]) + self.test_xs = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100) + self.xs = np.linspace(-1, 1, 5) + self.ys = self.true_poly(self.xs) + + def test_lagrange(self): + # Ensure backwards compatible post SPEC7 + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys, random_state=1) + xp_assert_close(P(self.test_xs), self.true_poly(self.test_xs)) + + def test_scalar(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys, rng=1) + xp_assert_close(P(7), self.true_poly(7), check_0d=False) + xp_assert_close(P(np.array(7)), self.true_poly(np.array(7)), check_0d=False) + + def test_derivatives(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + xp_assert_close(self.true_poly.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), D[i]) + + def test_low_derivatives(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs, len(self.xs)+2) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + xp_assert_close(self.true_poly.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + D[i], + atol=1e-12) + + def test_derivative(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + m = 10 + r = P.derivatives(self.test_xs, m) + for i in range(m): + xp_assert_close(P.derivative(self.test_xs, i), r[i]) + + def test_high_derivative(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + for i in range(len(self.xs), 5*len(self.xs)): + xp_assert_close(P.derivative(self.test_xs, i), + np.zeros(len(self.test_xs))) + + def test_ndim_derivatives(self): + poly1 = self.true_poly + poly2 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-2, 5, 3, -1]) + poly3 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([12, -3, 4, -5, 6]) + ys = np.stack((poly1(self.xs), poly2(self.xs), poly3(self.xs)), axis=-1) + + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, ys, axis=0) + D = P.derivatives(self.test_xs) + for i in range(D.shape[0]): + xp_assert_close(D[i], + np.stack((poly1.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly2.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly3.deriv(i)(self.test_xs)), + axis=-1), + atol=1e-12) + + def test_ndim_derivative(self): + poly1 = self.true_poly + poly2 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-2, 5, 3, -1]) + poly3 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([12, -3, 4, -5, 6]) + ys = np.stack((poly1(self.xs), poly2(self.xs), poly3(self.xs)), axis=-1) + + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, ys, axis=0) + for i in range(P.n): + xp_assert_close(P.derivative(self.test_xs, i), + np.stack((poly1.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly2.deriv(i)(self.test_xs), + poly3.deriv(i)(self.test_xs)), + axis=-1), + atol=1e-12) + + def test_delayed(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs) + P.set_yi(self.ys) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(self.test_xs), P(self.test_xs)) + + def test_append(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs[:3], self.ys[:3]) + P.add_xi(self.xs[3:], self.ys[3:]) + assert_almost_equal(self.true_poly(self.test_xs), P(self.test_xs)) + + def test_vector(self): + xs = [0, 1, 2] + ys = np.array([[0, 1], [1, 0], [2, 1]]) + BI = BarycentricInterpolator + P = BI(xs, ys) + Pi = [BI(xs, ys[:, i]) for i in range(ys.shape[1])] + test_xs = np.linspace(-1, 3, 100) + assert_almost_equal(P(test_xs), + np.asarray([p(test_xs) for p in Pi]).T) + + def test_shapes_scalarvalue(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == () + assert np.shape(P(np.array(0))) == () + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1,) + assert np.shape(P([0, 1])) == (2,) + + def test_shapes_scalarvalue_derivative(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs,self.ys) + n = P.n + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(0)) == (n,) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(np.array(0))) == (n,) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0])) == (n,1) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0,1])) == (n,2) + + def test_shapes_vectorvalue(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, np.outer(self.ys, np.arange(3))) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == (3,) + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1, 3) + assert np.shape(P([0, 1])) == (2, 3) + + def test_shapes_1d_vectorvalue(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, np.outer(self.ys, [1])) + assert np.shape(P(0)) == (1,) + assert np.shape(P([0])) == (1, 1) + assert np.shape(P([0, 1])) == (2, 1) + + def test_shapes_vectorvalue_derivative(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs,np.outer(self.ys,np.arange(3))) + n = P.n + assert np.shape(P.derivatives(0)) == (n, 3) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0])) == (n, 1, 3) + assert np.shape(P.derivatives([0, 1])) == (n, 2, 3) + + def test_wrapper(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys, rng=1) + bi = barycentric_interpolate + xp_assert_close(P(self.test_xs), bi(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs, rng=1)) + xp_assert_close(P.derivative(self.test_xs, 2), + bi(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs, der=2, rng=1)) + xp_assert_close(P.derivatives(self.test_xs, 2), + bi(self.xs, self.ys, self.test_xs, der=[0, 1], rng=1)) + + def test_int_input(self): + x = 1000 * np.arange(1, 11) # np.prod(x[-1] - x[:-1]) overflows + y = np.arange(1, 11) + value = barycentric_interpolate(x, y, 1000 * 9.5) + assert_almost_equal(value, np.asarray(9.5)) + + def test_large_chebyshev(self): + # The weights for Chebyshev points of the second kind have analytically + # solvable weights. Naive calculation of barycentric weights will fail + # for large N because of numerical underflow and overflow. We test + # correctness for large N against analytical Chebyshev weights. + + # Without capacity scaling or permutation, n=800 fails, + # With just capacity scaling, n=1097 fails + # With both capacity scaling and random permutation, n=30000 succeeds + n = 1100 + j = np.arange(n + 1).astype(np.float64) + x = np.cos(j * np.pi / n) + + # See page 506 of Berrut and Trefethen 2004 for this formula + w = (-1) ** j + w[0] *= 0.5 + w[-1] *= 0.5 + + P = BarycentricInterpolator(x) + + # It's okay to have a constant scaling factor in the weights because it + # cancels out in the evaluation of the polynomial. + factor = P.wi[0] + assert_almost_equal(P.wi / (2 * factor), w) + + def test_warning(self): + # Test if the divide-by-zero warning is properly ignored when computing + # interpolated values equals to interpolation points + P = BarycentricInterpolator([0, 1], [1, 2]) + with np.errstate(divide='raise'): + yi = P(P.xi) + + # Check if the interpolated values match the input values + # at the nodes + assert_almost_equal(yi, P.yi.ravel()) + + def test_repeated_node(self): + # check that a repeated node raises a ValueError + # (computing the weights requires division by xi[i] - xi[j]) + xis = np.array([0.1, 0.5, 0.9, 0.5]) + ys = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, + match="Interpolation points xi must be distinct."): + BarycentricInterpolator(xis, ys) + + def test_concurrency(self): + P = BarycentricInterpolator(self.xs, self.ys) + + def worker_fn(_, interp): + interp(self.xs) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, P) + + +class TestPCHIP: + def _make_random(self, npts=20): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + xi = np.sort(rng.random(npts)) + yi = rng.random(npts) + return pchip(xi, yi), xi, yi + + def test_overshoot(self): + # PCHIP should not overshoot + p, xi, yi = self._make_random() + for i in range(len(xi)-1): + x1, x2 = xi[i], xi[i+1] + y1, y2 = yi[i], yi[i+1] + if y1 > y2: + y1, y2 = y2, y1 + xp = np.linspace(x1, x2, 10) + yp = p(xp) + assert ((y1 <= yp + 1e-15) & (yp <= y2 + 1e-15)).all() + + def test_monotone(self): + # PCHIP should preserve monotonicty + p, xi, yi = self._make_random() + for i in range(len(xi)-1): + x1, x2 = xi[i], xi[i+1] + y1, y2 = yi[i], yi[i+1] + xp = np.linspace(x1, x2, 10) + yp = p(xp) + assert ((y2-y1) * (yp[1:] - yp[:1]) > 0).all() + + def test_cast(self): + # regression test for integer input data, see gh-3453 + data = np.array([[0, 4, 12, 27, 47, 60, 79, 87, 99, 100], + [-33, -33, -19, -2, 12, 26, 38, 45, 53, 55]]) + xx = np.arange(100) + curve = pchip(data[0], data[1])(xx) + + data1 = data * 1.0 + curve1 = pchip(data1[0], data1[1])(xx) + + xp_assert_close(curve, curve1, atol=1e-14, rtol=1e-14) + + def test_nag(self): + # Example from NAG C implementation, + # http://nag.com/numeric/cl/nagdoc_cl25/html/e01/e01bec.html + # suggested in gh-5326 as a smoke test for the way the derivatives + # are computed (see also gh-3453) + dataStr = ''' + 7.99 0.00000E+0 + 8.09 0.27643E-4 + 8.19 0.43750E-1 + 8.70 0.16918E+0 + 9.20 0.46943E+0 + 10.00 0.94374E+0 + 12.00 0.99864E+0 + 15.00 0.99992E+0 + 20.00 0.99999E+0 + ''' + data = np.loadtxt(io.StringIO(dataStr)) + pch = pchip(data[:,0], data[:,1]) + + resultStr = ''' + 7.9900 0.0000 + 9.1910 0.4640 + 10.3920 0.9645 + 11.5930 0.9965 + 12.7940 0.9992 + 13.9950 0.9998 + 15.1960 0.9999 + 16.3970 1.0000 + 17.5980 1.0000 + 18.7990 1.0000 + 20.0000 1.0000 + ''' + result = np.loadtxt(io.StringIO(resultStr)) + xp_assert_close(result[:,1], pch(result[:,0]), rtol=0., atol=5e-5) + + def test_endslopes(self): + # this is a smoke test for gh-3453: PCHIP interpolator should not + # set edge slopes to zero if the data do not suggest zero edge derivatives + x = np.array([0.0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.35]) + y1 = np.array([279.35, 0.5e3, 1.0e3, 2.5e3]) + y2 = np.array([279.35, 2.5e3, 1.50e3, 1.0e3]) + for pp in (pchip(x, y1), pchip(x, y2)): + for t in (x[0], x[-1]): + assert pp(t, 1) != 0 + + def test_all_zeros(self): + x = np.arange(10) + y = np.zeros_like(x) + + # this should work and not generate any warnings + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings('error') + pch = pchip(x, y) + + xx = np.linspace(0, 9, 101) + assert all(pch(xx) == 0.) + + def test_two_points(self): + # regression test for gh-6222: pchip([0, 1], [0, 1]) fails because + # it tries to use a three-point scheme to estimate edge derivatives, + # while there are only two points available. + # Instead, it should construct a linear interpolator. + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 11) + p = pchip([0, 1], [0, 2]) + xp_assert_close(p(x), 2*x, atol=1e-15) + + def test_pchip_interpolate(self): + assert_array_almost_equal( + pchip_interpolate([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [0.5], der=1), + np.asarray([1.])) + + assert_array_almost_equal( + pchip_interpolate([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [0.5], der=0), + np.asarray([3.5])) + + assert_array_almost_equal( + np.asarray(pchip_interpolate([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [0.5], der=[0, 1])), + np.asarray([[3.5], [1]])) + + def test_roots(self): + # regression test for gh-6357: .roots method should work + p = pchip([0, 1], [-1, 1]) + r = p.roots() + xp_assert_close(r, np.asarray([0.5])) + + +@make_xp_test_case(CubicSpline) +class TestCubicSpline: + @staticmethod + def check_correctness(S, bc_start='not-a-knot', bc_end='not-a-knot', + tol=1e-14): + """Check that spline coefficients satisfy the continuity and boundary + conditions.""" + x = S.x + c = S.c + dx = np.diff(x) + dx = dx.reshape([dx.shape[0]] + [1] * (c.ndim - 2)) + dxi = dx[:-1] + + # Check C2 continuity. + xp_assert_close(c[3, 1:], c[0, :-1] * dxi**3 + c[1, :-1] * dxi**2 + + c[2, :-1] * dxi + c[3, :-1], rtol=tol, atol=tol) + xp_assert_close(c[2, 1:], 3 * c[0, :-1] * dxi**2 + + 2 * c[1, :-1] * dxi + c[2, :-1], rtol=tol, atol=tol) + xp_assert_close(c[1, 1:], 3 * c[0, :-1] * dxi + c[1, :-1], + rtol=tol, atol=tol) + + # Check that we found a parabola, the third derivative is 0. + if x.size == 3 and bc_start == 'not-a-knot' and bc_end == 'not-a-knot': + xp_assert_close(c[0], np.zeros_like(c[0]), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + return + + # Check periodic boundary conditions. + if bc_start == 'periodic': + xp_assert_close(S(x[0], 0), S(x[-1], 0), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + xp_assert_close(S(x[0], 1), S(x[-1], 1), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + xp_assert_close(S(x[0], 2), S(x[-1], 2), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + return + + # Check other boundary conditions. + if bc_start == 'not-a-knot': + if x.size == 2: + slope = (S(x[1]) - S(x[0])) / dx[0] + slope = np.asarray(slope) + xp_assert_close(S(x[0], 1), slope, rtol=tol, atol=tol) + else: + xp_assert_close(c[0, 0], c[0, 1], rtol=tol, atol=tol) + elif bc_start == 'clamped': + xp_assert_close( + S(x[0], 1), np.zeros_like(S(x[0], 1)), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + elif bc_start == 'natural': + xp_assert_close( + S(x[0], 2), np.zeros_like(S(x[0], 2)), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + else: + order, value = bc_start + xp_assert_close(S(x[0], order), np.asarray(value), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + + if bc_end == 'not-a-knot': + if x.size == 2: + slope = (S(x[1]) - S(x[0])) / dx[0] + slope = np.asarray(slope) + xp_assert_close(S(x[1], 1), slope, rtol=tol, atol=tol) + else: + xp_assert_close(c[0, -1], c[0, -2], rtol=tol, atol=tol) + elif bc_end == 'clamped': + xp_assert_close(S(x[-1], 1), np.zeros_like(S(x[-1], 1)), + rtol=tol, atol=tol) + elif bc_end == 'natural': + xp_assert_close(S(x[-1], 2), np.zeros_like(S(x[-1], 2)), + rtol=2*tol, atol=2*tol) + else: + order, value = bc_end + xp_assert_close(S(x[-1], order), np.asarray(value), rtol=tol, atol=tol) + + def check_all_bc(self, x, y, axis): + deriv_shape = list(y.shape) + del deriv_shape[axis] + first_deriv = np.empty(deriv_shape) + first_deriv.fill(2) + second_deriv = np.empty(deriv_shape) + second_deriv.fill(-1) + bc_all = [ + 'not-a-knot', + 'natural', + 'clamped', + (1, first_deriv), + (2, second_deriv) + ] + for bc in bc_all[:3]: + S = CubicSpline(x, y, axis=axis, bc_type=bc) + self.check_correctness(S, bc, bc) + + for bc_start in bc_all: + for bc_end in bc_all: + S = CubicSpline(x, y, axis=axis, bc_type=(bc_start, bc_end)) + self.check_correctness(S, bc_start, bc_end, tol=2e-14) + + def test_general(self): + x = np.array([-1, 0, 0.5, 2, 4, 4.5, 5.5, 9]) + y = np.array([0, -0.5, 2, 3, 2.5, 1, 1, 0.5]) + for n in [2, 3, x.size]: + self.check_all_bc(x[:n], y[:n], 0) + + Y = np.empty((2, n, 2)) + Y[0, :, 0] = y[:n] + Y[0, :, 1] = y[:n] - 1 + Y[1, :, 0] = y[:n] + 2 + Y[1, :, 1] = y[:n] + 3 + self.check_all_bc(x[:n], Y, 1) + + def test_periodic(self): + for n in [2, 3, 5]: + x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, n) + y = np.cos(x) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='periodic') + self.check_correctness(S, 'periodic', 'periodic') + + Y = np.empty((2, n, 2)) + Y[0, :, 0] = y + Y[0, :, 1] = y + 2 + Y[1, :, 0] = y - 1 + Y[1, :, 1] = y + 5 + S = CubicSpline(x, Y, axis=1, bc_type='periodic') + self.check_correctness(S, 'periodic', 'periodic') + + def test_periodic_eval(self, xp): + x = xp.linspace(0, 2 * xp.pi, 10, dtype=xp.float64) + y = xp.cos(x) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='periodic') + assert_almost_equal(S(1), S(1 + 2 * xp.pi), decimal=15) + + S = CubicSpline(x, y) + assert_almost_equal(S(x), xp.cos(x), decimal=15) + + def test_second_derivative_continuity_gh_11758(self): + # gh-11758: C2 continuity fail + x = np.array([0.9, 1.3, 1.9, 2.1, 2.6, 3.0, 3.9, 4.4, 4.7, 5.0, 6.0, + 7.0, 8.0, 9.2, 10.5, 11.3, 11.6, 12.0, 12.6, 13.0, 13.3]) + y = np.array([1.3, 1.5, 1.85, 2.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.4, 2.15, 2.05, 2.1, + 2.25, 2.3, 2.25, 1.95, 1.4, 0.9, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 1.3]) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='periodic', extrapolate='periodic') + self.check_correctness(S, 'periodic', 'periodic') + + def test_three_points(self): + # gh-11758: Fails computing a_m2_m1 + # In this case, s (first derivatives) could be found manually by solving + # system of 2 linear equations. Due to solution of this system, + # s[i] = (h1m2 + h2m1) / (h1 + h2), where h1 = x[1] - x[0], h2 = x[2] - x[1], + # m1 = (y[1] - y[0]) / h1, m2 = (y[2] - y[1]) / h2 + x = np.array([1.0, 2.75, 3.0]) + y = np.array([1.0, 15.0, 1.0]) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type='periodic') + self.check_correctness(S, 'periodic', 'periodic') + xp_assert_close(S.derivative(1)(x), np.array([-48.0, -48.0, -48.0])) + + def test_periodic_three_points_multidim(self): + # make sure one multidimensional interpolator does the same as multiple + # one-dimensional interpolators + x = np.array([0.0, 1.0, 3.0]) + y = np.array([[0.0, 1.0], [1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]]) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type="periodic") + self.check_correctness(S, 'periodic', 'periodic') + S0 = CubicSpline(x, y[:, 0], bc_type="periodic") + S1 = CubicSpline(x, y[:, 1], bc_type="periodic") + q = np.linspace(0, 2, 5) + xp_assert_close(S(q)[:, 0], S0(q)) + xp_assert_close(S(q)[:, 1], S1(q)) + + def test_dtypes(self): + x = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3], dtype=int) + y = np.array([-5, 2, 3, 1], dtype=int) + S = CubicSpline(x, y) + self.check_correctness(S) + + y = np.array([-1+1j, 0.0, 1-1j, 0.5-1.5j]) + S = CubicSpline(x, y) + self.check_correctness(S) + + S = CubicSpline(x, x ** 3, bc_type=("natural", (1, 2j))) + self.check_correctness(S, "natural", (1, 2j)) + + y = np.array([-5, 2, 3, 1]) + S = CubicSpline(x, y, bc_type=[(1, 2 + 0.5j), (2, 0.5 - 1j)]) + self.check_correctness(S, (1, 2 + 0.5j), (2, 0.5 - 1j)) + + def test_small_dx(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + x = np.sort(rng.uniform(size=100)) + y = 1e4 + rng.uniform(size=100) + S = CubicSpline(x, y) + self.check_correctness(S, tol=1e-13) + + def test_incorrect_inputs(self): + x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) + y = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) + xc = np.array([1 + 1j, 2, 3, 4]) + xn = np.array([np.nan, 2, 3, 4]) + xo = np.array([2, 1, 3, 4]) + yn = np.array([np.nan, 2, 3, 4]) + y3 = [1, 2, 3] + x1 = [1] + y1 = [1] + + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, xc, y) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, xn, y) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, yn) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, xo, y) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, y3) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x[:, np.newaxis], y) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x1, y1) + + wrong_bc = [('periodic', 'clamped'), + ((2, 0), (3, 10)), + ((1, 0), ), + (0., 0.), + 'not-a-typo'] + + for bc_type in wrong_bc: + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, y, 0, bc_type, True) + + # Shapes mismatch when giving arbitrary derivative values: + Y = np.c_[y, y] + bc1 = ('clamped', (1, 0)) + bc2 = ('clamped', (1, [0, 0, 0])) + bc3 = ('clamped', (1, [[0, 0]])) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, Y, 0, bc1, True) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, Y, 0, bc2, True) + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, Y, 0, bc3, True) + + # periodic condition, y[-1] must be equal to y[0]: + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicSpline, x, y, 0, 'periodic', True) + + +@make_xp_test_case(CubicHermiteSpline) +def test_CubicHermiteSpline_correctness(xp): + x = xp.asarray([0, 2, 7]) + y = xp.asarray([-1, 2, 3]) + dydx = xp.asarray([0, 3, 7]) + s = CubicHermiteSpline(x, y, dydx) + xp_assert_close(s(x), y, check_shape=False, check_dtype=False, rtol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(s(x, 1), dydx, check_shape=False, check_dtype=False, rtol=1e-15) + + +def test_CubicHermiteSpline_error_handling(): + x = [1, 2, 3] + y = [0, 3, 5] + dydx = [1, -1, 2, 3] + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicHermiteSpline, x, y, dydx) + + dydx_with_nan = [1, 0, np.nan] + assert_raises(ValueError, CubicHermiteSpline, x, y, dydx_with_nan) + + +def test_roots_extrapolate_gh_11185(): + x = np.array([0.001, 0.002]) + y = np.array([1.66066935e-06, 1.10410807e-06]) + dy = np.array([-1.60061854, -1.600619]) + p = CubicHermiteSpline(x, y, dy) + + # roots(extrapolate=True) for a polynomial with a single interval + # should return all three real roots + r = p.roots(extrapolate=True) + assert p.c.shape[1] == 1 + assert r.size == 3 + + +class TestZeroSizeArrays: + # regression tests for gh-17241 : CubicSpline et al must not segfault + # when y.size == 0 + # The two methods below are _almost_ the same, but not quite: + # one is for objects which have the `bc_type` argument (CubicSpline) + # and the other one is for those which do not (Pchip, Akima1D) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('y', [np.zeros((10, 0, 5)), + np.zeros((10, 5, 0))]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bc_type', + ['not-a-knot', 'periodic', 'natural', 'clamped']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('cls', [make_interp_spline, CubicSpline]) + def test_zero_size(self, cls, y, bc_type, axis): + x = np.arange(10) + xval = np.arange(3) + + obj = cls(x, y, bc_type=bc_type) + assert obj(xval).size == 0 + assert obj(xval).shape == xval.shape + y.shape[1:] + + # Also check with an explicit non-default axis + yt = np.moveaxis(y, 0, axis) # (10, 0, 5) --> (0, 10, 5) if axis=1 etc + + obj = cls(x, yt, bc_type=bc_type, axis=axis) + sh = yt.shape[:axis] + (xval.size, ) + yt.shape[axis+1:] + assert obj(xval).size == 0 + assert obj(xval).shape == sh + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('y', [np.zeros((10, 0, 5)), + np.zeros((10, 5, 0))]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('axis', [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('cls', [PchipInterpolator, Akima1DInterpolator]) + def test_zero_size_2(self, cls, y, axis): + x = np.arange(10) + xval = np.arange(3) + + obj = cls(x, y) + assert obj(xval).size == 0 + assert obj(xval).shape == xval.shape + y.shape[1:] + + # Also check with an explicit non-default axis + yt = np.moveaxis(y, 0, axis) # (10, 0, 5) --> (0, 10, 5) if axis=1 etc + + obj = cls(x, yt, axis=axis) + sh = yt.shape[:axis] + (xval.size, ) + yt.shape[axis+1:] + assert obj(xval).size == 0 + assert obj(xval).shape == sh diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5ed4bbfabc1b1ceac1555d9f36f0c0cdaf16553a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbf.py @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ +# Created by John Travers, Robert Hetland, 2007 +""" Test functions for rbf module """ + +import numpy as np + + +from scipy._lib._array_api import assert_array_almost_equal, assert_almost_equal + +from numpy import linspace, sin, cos, exp, allclose +from scipy.interpolate._rbf import Rbf +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + + +FUNCTIONS = ('multiquadric', 'inverse multiquadric', 'gaussian', + 'cubic', 'quintic', 'thin-plate', 'linear') + + +def check_rbf1d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (1D) + x = linspace(0,10,9) + y = sin(x) + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=function) + yi = rbf(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yi) + assert_almost_equal(rbf(float(x[0])), y[0], check_0d=False) + + +def check_rbf2d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (2D). + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.rand(50,1)*4-2 + y = rng.rand(50,1)*4-2 + z = x*exp(-x**2-1j*y**2) + rbf = Rbf(x, y, z, epsilon=2, function=function) + zi = rbf(x, y) + zi = zi.reshape(x.shape) + assert_array_almost_equal(z, zi) + + +def check_rbf3d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (3D). + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.rand(50, 1)*4 - 2 + y = rng.rand(50, 1)*4 - 2 + z = rng.rand(50, 1)*4 - 2 + d = x*exp(-x**2 - y**2) + rbf = Rbf(x, y, z, d, epsilon=2, function=function) + di = rbf(x, y, z) + di = di.reshape(x.shape) + assert_array_almost_equal(di, d) + + +def test_rbf_interpolation(): + for function in FUNCTIONS: + check_rbf1d_interpolation(function) + check_rbf2d_interpolation(function) + check_rbf3d_interpolation(function) + + +def check_2drbf1d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the 2-D Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (1D) + x = linspace(0, 10, 9) + y0 = sin(x) + y1 = cos(x) + y = np.vstack([y0, y1]).T + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=function, mode='N-D') + yi = rbf(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yi) + assert_almost_equal(rbf(float(x[0])), y[0]) + + +def check_2drbf2d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the 2-D Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (2D). + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.rand(50, ) * 4 - 2 + y = rng.rand(50, ) * 4 - 2 + z0 = x * exp(-x ** 2 - 1j * y ** 2) + z1 = y * exp(-y ** 2 - 1j * x ** 2) + z = np.vstack([z0, z1]).T + rbf = Rbf(x, y, z, epsilon=2, function=function, mode='N-D') + zi = rbf(x, y) + zi = zi.reshape(z.shape) + assert_array_almost_equal(z, zi) + + +def check_2drbf3d_interpolation(function): + # Check that the 2-D Rbf function interpolates through the nodes (3D). + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = rng.rand(50, ) * 4 - 2 + y = rng.rand(50, ) * 4 - 2 + z = rng.rand(50, ) * 4 - 2 + d0 = x * exp(-x ** 2 - y ** 2) + d1 = y * exp(-y ** 2 - x ** 2) + d = np.vstack([d0, d1]).T + rbf = Rbf(x, y, z, d, epsilon=2, function=function, mode='N-D') + di = rbf(x, y, z) + di = di.reshape(d.shape) + assert_array_almost_equal(di, d) + + +def test_2drbf_interpolation(): + for function in FUNCTIONS: + check_2drbf1d_interpolation(function) + check_2drbf2d_interpolation(function) + check_2drbf3d_interpolation(function) + + +def check_rbf1d_regularity(function, atol): + # Check that the Rbf function approximates a smooth function well away + # from the nodes. + x = linspace(0, 10, 9) + y = sin(x) + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=function) + xi = linspace(0, 10, 100) + yi = rbf(xi) + msg = f"abs-diff: {abs(yi - sin(xi)).max():f}" + assert allclose(yi, sin(xi), atol=atol), msg + + +def test_rbf_regularity(): + tolerances = { + 'multiquadric': 0.1, + 'inverse multiquadric': 0.15, + 'gaussian': 0.15, + 'cubic': 0.15, + 'quintic': 0.1, + 'thin-plate': 0.1, + 'linear': 0.2 + } + for function in FUNCTIONS: + check_rbf1d_regularity(function, tolerances.get(function, 1e-2)) + + +def check_2drbf1d_regularity(function, atol): + # Check that the 2-D Rbf function approximates a smooth function well away + # from the nodes. + x = linspace(0, 10, 9) + y0 = sin(x) + y1 = cos(x) + y = np.vstack([y0, y1]).T + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=function, mode='N-D') + xi = linspace(0, 10, 100) + yi = rbf(xi) + msg = f"abs-diff: {abs(yi - np.vstack([sin(xi), cos(xi)]).T).max():f}" + assert allclose(yi, np.vstack([sin(xi), cos(xi)]).T, atol=atol), msg + + +def test_2drbf_regularity(): + tolerances = { + 'multiquadric': 0.1, + 'inverse multiquadric': 0.15, + 'gaussian': 0.15, + 'cubic': 0.15, + 'quintic': 0.1, + 'thin-plate': 0.15, + 'linear': 0.2 + } + for function in FUNCTIONS: + check_2drbf1d_regularity(function, tolerances.get(function, 1e-2)) + + +def check_rbf1d_stability(function): + # Check that the Rbf function with default epsilon is not subject + # to overshoot. Regression for issue #4523. + # + # Generate some data (fixed random seed hence deterministic) + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + x = np.linspace(0, 10, 50) + z = x + 4.0 * rng.randn(len(x)) + + rbf = Rbf(x, z, function=function) + xi = np.linspace(0, 10, 1000) + yi = rbf(xi) + + # subtract the linear trend and make sure there no spikes + assert np.abs(yi-xi).max() / np.abs(z-x).max() < 1.1 + +def test_rbf_stability(): + for function in FUNCTIONS: + check_rbf1d_stability(function) + + +def test_default_construction(): + # Check that the Rbf class can be constructed with the default + # multiquadric basis function. Regression test for ticket #1228. + x = linspace(0,10,9) + y = sin(x) + rbf = Rbf(x, y) + yi = rbf(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yi) + + +def test_function_is_callable(): + # Check that the Rbf class can be constructed with function=callable. + x = linspace(0,10,9) + y = sin(x) + def linfunc(x): + return x + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=linfunc) + yi = rbf(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yi) + + +def test_two_arg_function_is_callable(): + # Check that the Rbf class can be constructed with a two argument + # function=callable. + def _func(self, r): + return self.epsilon + r + + x = linspace(0,10,9) + y = sin(x) + rbf = Rbf(x, y, function=_func) + yi = rbf(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, yi) + + +def test_rbf_epsilon_none(): + x = linspace(0, 10, 9) + y = sin(x) + Rbf(x, y, epsilon=None) + + +def test_rbf_epsilon_none_collinear(): + # Check that collinear points in one dimension doesn't cause an error + # due to epsilon = 0 + x = [1, 2, 3] + y = [4, 4, 4] + z = [5, 6, 7] + rbf = Rbf(x, y, z, epsilon=None) + assert rbf.epsilon > 0 + + +def test_rbf_concurrency(): + x = linspace(0, 10, 100) + y0 = sin(x) + y1 = cos(x) + y = np.vstack([y0, y1]).T + rbf = Rbf(x, y, mode='N-D') + + def worker_fn(_, interp, xp): + interp(xp) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, rbf, x) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbfinterp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbfinterp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0abc8d638f8838cdded1062e9971165b8eabf614 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rbfinterp.py @@ -0,0 +1,577 @@ +import pickle +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import LinAlgError +from scipy._lib._array_api import xp_assert_close, make_xp_test_case +from scipy.stats.qmc import Halton +from scipy.spatial import cKDTree # type: ignore[attr-defined] +from scipy.interpolate._rbfinterp import ( + _AVAILABLE, _SCALE_INVARIANT, _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE, RBFInterpolator, + _get_backend + ) +from scipy.interpolate import _rbfinterp_pythran +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + +skip_xp_backends = pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends + + +def _vandermonde(x, degree, xp=np): + # Returns a matrix of monomials that span polynomials with the specified + # degree evaluated at x. + backend = _get_backend(xp) + powers = backend._monomial_powers(x.shape[1], degree, xp) + return backend.polynomial_matrix(x, powers, xp) + + +def _1d_test_function(x, xp): + # Test function used in Wahba's "Spline Models for Observational Data". + # domain ~= (0, 3), range ~= (-1.0, 0.2) + x = x[:, 0] + y = 4.26*(xp.exp(-x) - 4*xp.exp(-2*x) + 3*xp.exp(-3*x)) + return y + + +def _2d_test_function(x, xp): + # Franke's test function. + # domain ~= (0, 1) X (0, 1), range ~= (0.0, 1.2) + x1, x2 = x[:, 0], x[:, 1] + term1 = 0.75 * xp.exp(-(9*x1-2)**2/4 - (9*x2-2)**2/4) + term2 = 0.75 * xp.exp(-(9*x1+1)**2/49 - (9*x2+1)/10) + term3 = 0.5 * xp.exp(-(9*x1-7)**2/4 - (9*x2-3)**2/4) + term4 = -0.2 * xp.exp(-(9*x1-4)**2 - (9*x2-7)**2) + y = term1 + term2 + term3 + term4 + return y + + +def _is_conditionally_positive_definite(kernel, m): + # Tests whether the kernel is conditionally positive definite of order m. + # See chapter 7 of Fasshauer's "Meshfree Approximation Methods with + # MATLAB". + nx = 10 + ntests = 100 + for ndim in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]: + # Generate sample points with a Halton sequence to avoid samples that + # are too close to each other, which can make the matrix singular. + seq = Halton(ndim, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + for _ in range(ntests): + x = 2*seq.random(nx) - 1 + A = _rbfinterp_pythran._kernel_matrix(x, kernel) + P = _vandermonde(x, m - 1) + Q, R = np.linalg.qr(P, mode='complete') + # Q2 forms a basis spanning the space where P.T.dot(x) = 0. Project + # A onto this space, and then see if it is positive definite using + # the Cholesky decomposition. If not, then the kernel is not c.p.d. + # of order m. + Q2 = Q[:, P.shape[1]:] + B = Q2.T.dot(A).dot(Q2) + try: + np.linalg.cholesky(B) + except np.linalg.LinAlgError: + return False + + return True + + +# Sorting the parametrize arguments is necessary to avoid a parallelization +# issue described here: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist/issues/432. +@pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_AVAILABLE)) +def test_conditionally_positive_definite(kernel): + # Test if each kernel in _AVAILABLE is conditionally positive definite of + # order m, where m comes from _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE. This is a necessary + # condition for the smoothed RBF interpolant to be well-posed in general. + m = _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE.get(kernel, -1) + 1 + assert _is_conditionally_positive_definite(kernel, m) + + +class _TestRBFInterpolator: + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_SCALE_INVARIANT)) + def test_scale_invariance_1d(self, kernel, xp): + # Verify that the functions in _SCALE_INVARIANT are insensitive to the + # shape parameter (when smoothing == 0) in 1d. + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + x = 3*seq.random(50) + x = xp.asarray(x) + + y = _1d_test_function(x, xp) + xitp = 3*seq.random(50) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + yitp1 = self.build(x, y, epsilon=1.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build(x, y, epsilon=2.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_SCALE_INVARIANT)) + def test_scale_invariance_2d(self, kernel, xp): + # Verify that the functions in _SCALE_INVARIANT are insensitive to the + # shape parameter (when smoothing == 0) in 2d. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + x = seq.random(100) + x = xp.asarray(x) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, xp) + xitp = seq.random(100) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + yitp1 = self.build(x, y, epsilon=1.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build(x, y, epsilon=2.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_AVAILABLE)) + def test_extreme_domains(self, kernel, xp): + # Make sure the interpolant remains numerically stable for very + # large/small domains. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + scale = 1e50 + shift = 1e55 + + x = seq.random(100) + x = xp.asarray(x) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, xp) + xitp = seq.random(100) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + if kernel in _SCALE_INVARIANT: + yitp1 = self.build(x, y, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build( + x*scale + shift, y, + kernel=kernel + )(xitp*scale + shift) + else: + yitp1 = self.build(x, y, epsilon=5.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build( + x*scale + shift, y, + epsilon=5.0/scale, + kernel=kernel + )(xitp*scale + shift) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + def test_polynomial_reproduction(self, xp): + # If the observed data comes from a polynomial, then the interpolant + # should be able to reproduce the polynomial exactly, provided that + # `degree` is sufficiently high. + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=rng) + degree = 3 + + x = seq.random(50) + xitp = seq.random(50) + x = xp.asarray(x) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + P = _vandermonde(x, degree, xp) + Pitp = _vandermonde(xitp, degree, xp) + + poly_coeffs = rng.normal(0.0, 1.0, P.shape[1]) + poly_coeffs = xp.asarray(poly_coeffs) + + y = P @ poly_coeffs #y = P.dot(poly_coeffs) + yitp1 = Pitp @ poly_coeffs #yitp1 = Pitp.dot(poly_coeffs) + yitp2 = self.build(x, y, degree=degree)(xitp) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_chunking(self, monkeypatch, xp): + # If the observed data comes from a polynomial, then the interpolant + # should be able to reproduce the polynomial exactly, provided that + # `degree` is sufficiently high. + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=rng) + degree = 3 + + largeN = 1000 + 33 + # this is large to check that chunking of the RBFInterpolator is tested + x = seq.random(50) + xitp = seq.random(largeN) + + x = xp.asarray(x) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + P = _vandermonde(x, degree, xp) + Pitp = _vandermonde(xitp, degree, xp) + + poly_coeffs = rng.normal(0.0, 1.0, P.shape[1]) + poly_coeffs = xp.asarray(poly_coeffs) + + y = P @ poly_coeffs # y = P.dot(poly_coeffs) + yitp1 = Pitp @ poly_coeffs # yitp1 = Pitp.dot(poly_coeffs) + interp = self.build(x, y, degree=degree) + ce_real = interp._chunk_evaluator + + def _chunk_evaluator(*args, **kwargs): + kwargs.update(memory_budget=100) + return ce_real(*args, **kwargs) + + monkeypatch.setattr(interp, '_chunk_evaluator', _chunk_evaluator) + yitp2 = interp(xitp) + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + def test_vector_data(self, xp): + # Make sure interpolating a vector field is the same as interpolating + # each component separately. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + + x = xp.asarray(x) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + y = xp.stack([_2d_test_function(x, xp), + _2d_test_function(xp.flip(x, axis=1), xp)]).T + + yitp1 = self.build(x, y)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build(x, y[:, 0])(xitp) + yitp3 = self.build(x, y[:, 1])(xitp) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1[:, 0], yitp2) + xp_assert_close(yitp1[:, 1], yitp3) + + def test_complex_data(self, xp): + # Interpolating complex input should be the same as interpolating the + # real and complex components. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, np) + 1j*_2d_test_function(x[:, ::-1], np) + + x, xitp, y = map(xp.asarray, (x, xitp, y)) + + yitp1 = self.build(x, y)(xitp) + yitp2 = self.build(x, y.real)(xitp) + yitp3 = self.build(x, y.imag)(xitp) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1.real, yitp2) + xp_assert_close(yitp1.imag, yitp3) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_AVAILABLE)) + def test_interpolation_misfit_1d(self, kernel, xp): + # Make sure that each kernel, with its default `degree` and an + # appropriate `epsilon`, does a good job at interpolation in 1d. + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = 3*seq.random(50) + xitp = 3*seq.random(50) + + x = xp.asarray(x) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + y = _1d_test_function(x, xp) + ytrue = _1d_test_function(xitp, xp) + yitp = self.build(x, y, epsilon=5.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + + mse = xp.mean((yitp - ytrue)**2) + assert mse < 1.0e-4 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_AVAILABLE)) + def test_interpolation_misfit_2d(self, kernel, xp): + # Make sure that each kernel, with its default `degree` and an + # appropriate `epsilon`, does a good job at interpolation in 2d. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + x = xp.asarray(x) + xitp = xp.asarray(xitp) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, xp) + ytrue = _2d_test_function(xitp, xp) + yitp = self.build(x, y, epsilon=5.0, kernel=kernel)(xitp) + + mse = xp.mean((yitp - ytrue)**2) + assert mse < 2.0e-4 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kernel', sorted(_AVAILABLE)) + def test_smoothing_misfit(self, kernel, xp): + # Make sure we can find a smoothing parameter for each kernel that + # removes a sufficient amount of noise. + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=rng) + + noise = 0.2 + rmse_tol = 0.1 + smoothing_range = 10**xp.linspace(-4, 1, 20) + + x = 3*seq.random(100) + y = _1d_test_function(x, np) + rng.normal(0.0, noise, (100,)) + + x = xp.asarray(x) + y = xp.asarray(y) + ytrue = _1d_test_function(x, xp) + rmse_within_tol = False + for smoothing in smoothing_range: + ysmooth = self.build( + x, y, + epsilon=1.0, + smoothing=smoothing, + kernel=kernel)(x) + rmse = xp.sqrt(xp.mean((ysmooth - ytrue)**2)) + if rmse < rmse_tol: + rmse_within_tol = True + break + + assert rmse_within_tol + + def test_array_smoothing(self, xp): + # Test using an array for `smoothing` to give less weight to a known + # outlier. + rng = np.random.RandomState(0) + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=rng) + degree = 2 + + x = seq.random(50) + P = _vandermonde(x, degree) + poly_coeffs = rng.normal(0.0, 1.0, P.shape[1]) + y = P @ poly_coeffs # y = P.dot(poly_coeffs) + + y_with_outlier = y.copy() + y_with_outlier[10] += 1.0 + smoothing = np.zeros((50,)) + smoothing[10] = 1000.0 + + x, P, poly_coeffs, y = map(xp.asarray, (x, P, poly_coeffs, y)) + y_with_outlier, smoothing = map(xp.asarray, (y_with_outlier, smoothing)) + + yitp = self.build(x, y_with_outlier, smoothing=smoothing)(x) + # Should be able to reproduce the uncorrupted data almost exactly. + xp_assert_close(yitp, y, atol=1e-4) + + def test_inconsistent_x_dimensions_error(self): + # ValueError should be raised if the observation points and evaluation + # points have a different number of dimensions. + y = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()).random(10) + d = _2d_test_function(y, np) + x = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()).random(10) + match = 'Expected the second axis of `x`' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d)(x) + + def test_inconsistent_d_length_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(1) + match = 'Expected the first axis of `d`' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d) + + def test_y_not_2d_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + d = np.zeros(5) + match = '`y` must be a 2-dimensional array.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d) + + def test_inconsistent_smoothing_length_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(5) + smoothing = np.ones(1) + match = 'Expected `smoothing` to be' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d, smoothing=smoothing) + + def test_invalid_kernel_name_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(5) + match = '`kernel` must be one of' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d, kernel='test') + + def test_epsilon_not_specified_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(5) + for kernel in _AVAILABLE: + if kernel in _SCALE_INVARIANT: + continue + + match = '`epsilon` must be specified' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d, kernel=kernel) + + def test_x_not_2d_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + x = np.linspace(0, 1, 5) + d = np.zeros(5) + match = '`x` must be a 2-dimensional array.' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d)(x) + + def test_not_enough_observations_error(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 1)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(1) + match = 'At least 2 data points are required' + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + self.build(y, d, kernel='thin_plate_spline') + + def test_degree_warning(self): + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(5) + for kernel, deg in _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE.items(): + # Only test for kernels that its minimum degree is not 0. + if deg >= 1: + match = f'`degree` should not be below {deg}' + with pytest.warns(Warning, match=match): + self.build(y, d, epsilon=1.0, kernel=kernel, degree=deg-1) + + def test_minus_one_degree(self): + # Make sure a degree of -1 is accepted without any warning. + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 5)[:, None] + d = np.zeros(5) + for kernel, _ in _NAME_TO_MIN_DEGREE.items(): + self.build(y, d, epsilon=1.0, kernel=kernel, degree=-1) + + @skip_xp_backends("jax.numpy", reason="solve raises no error for a singular matrix") + @skip_xp_backends("cupy", reason="solve raises no error for a singular matrix") + def test_rank_error(self, xp): + # An error should be raised when `kernel` is "thin_plate_spline" and + # observations are 2-D and collinear. + y = xp.asarray([[2.0, 0.0], [1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0]]) + d = xp.asarray([0.0, 0.0, 0.0]) + match = 'does not have full column rank' + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError, match=match): + self.build(y, d, kernel='thin_plate_spline')(y) + + def test_single_point(self, xp): + # Make sure interpolation still works with only one point (in 1, 2, and + # 3 dimensions). + for dim in [1, 2, 3]: + y = xp.zeros((1, dim)) + d = xp.ones((1,), dtype=xp.float64) + f = self.build(y, d, kernel='linear')(y) + xp_assert_close(f, d) + + def test_pickleable(self, xp): + # Make sure we can pickle and unpickle the interpolant without any + # changes in the behavior. + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState(2305982309)) + + x = 3*seq.random(50) + xitp = 3*seq.random(50) + x, xitp = xp.asarray(x), xp.asarray(xitp) + + y = _1d_test_function(x, xp) + + interp = self.build(x, y) + + yitp1 = interp(xitp) + yitp2 = pickle.loads(pickle.dumps(interp))(xitp) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-16) + + +@make_xp_test_case(RBFInterpolator) +class TestRBFInterpolatorNeighborsNone(_TestRBFInterpolator): + def build(self, *args, **kwargs): + return RBFInterpolator(*args, **kwargs) + + def test_smoothing_limit_1d(self): + # For large smoothing parameters, the interpolant should approach a + # least squares fit of a polynomial with the specified degree. + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + degree = 3 + smoothing = 1e8 + + x = 3*seq.random(50) + xitp = 3*seq.random(50) + y = _1d_test_function(x, np) + + yitp1 = self.build( + x, y, + degree=degree, + smoothing=smoothing + )(xitp) + + P = _vandermonde(x, degree) + Pitp = _vandermonde(xitp, degree) + yitp2 = Pitp.dot(np.linalg.lstsq(P, y, rcond=None)[0]) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + def test_smoothing_limit_2d(self): + # For large smoothing parameters, the interpolant should approach a + # least squares fit of a polynomial with the specified degree. + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + degree = 3 + smoothing = 1e8 + + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, np) + + yitp1 = self.build( + x, y, + degree=degree, + smoothing=smoothing + )(xitp) + + P = _vandermonde(x, degree) + Pitp = _vandermonde(xitp, degree) + yitp2 = Pitp.dot(np.linalg.lstsq(P, y, rcond=None)[0]) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + +@skip_xp_backends(np_only=True, reason="neighbors not None uses KDTree") +class TestRBFInterpolatorNeighbors20(_TestRBFInterpolator): + # RBFInterpolator using 20 nearest neighbors. + def build(self, *args, **kwargs): + return RBFInterpolator(*args, **kwargs, neighbors=20) + + def test_equivalent_to_rbf_interpolator(self): + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, np) + + yitp1 = self.build(x, y)(xitp) + + yitp2 = [] + tree = cKDTree(x) + for xi in xitp: + _, nbr = tree.query(xi, 20) + yitp2.append(RBFInterpolator(x[nbr], y[nbr])(xi[None])[0]) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) + + def test_concurrency(self): + # Check that no segfaults appear with concurrent access to + # RbfInterpolator + seq = Halton(2, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState(0)) + x = seq.random(100) + xitp = seq.random(100) + + y = _2d_test_function(x, np) + + interp = self.build(x, y) + + def worker_fn(_, interp, xp): + interp(xp) + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, interp, xitp) + + +@skip_xp_backends(np_only=True, reason="neighbors not None uses KDTree") +class TestRBFInterpolatorNeighborsInf(TestRBFInterpolatorNeighborsNone): + # RBFInterpolator using neighbors=np.inf. This should give exactly the same + # results as neighbors=None, but it will be slower. + def build(self, *args, **kwargs): + return RBFInterpolator(*args, **kwargs, neighbors=np.inf) + + def test_equivalent_to_rbf_interpolator(self): + seq = Halton(1, scramble=False, seed=np.random.RandomState()) + + x = 3*seq.random(50) + xitp = 3*seq.random(50) + + y = _1d_test_function(x, np) + yitp1 = self.build(x, y)(xitp) + yitp2 = RBFInterpolator(x, y)(xitp) + + xp_assert_close(yitp1, yitp2, atol=1e-8) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rgi.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rgi.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..976f21af66b5f3bd0c4a5b7c6aab3110dedb059f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/interpolate/tests/test_rgi.py @@ -0,0 +1,1233 @@ +import itertools + +import pytest +import numpy as np + +from numpy.exceptions import ComplexWarning + +from scipy._lib._array_api import ( + xp_assert_equal, xp_assert_close, assert_array_almost_equal, + make_xp_test_case +) +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg + +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.interpolate import (RegularGridInterpolator, interpn, + RectBivariateSpline, + NearestNDInterpolator, LinearNDInterpolator) + +from scipy.sparse._sputils import matrix +from scipy._lib._testutils import _run_concurrent_barrier + + +parametrize_rgi_interp_methods = pytest.mark.parametrize( + "method", RegularGridInterpolator._ALL_METHODS +) + +@make_xp_test_case(RegularGridInterpolator) +class TestRegularGridInterpolator: + def _get_sample_4d(self, xp): + # create a 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points = [(0., .5, 1.)] * 4 + values = xp.asarray([0., .5, 1.]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values2 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis] + values3 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10 + values2 * 100 + values3 * 1000) + return points, values + + def _get_sample_4d_2(self, xp): + # create another 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points = [(0., .5, 1.)] * 2 + [(0., 5., 10.)] * 2 + values = xp.asarray([0., .5, 1.]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values2 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis] + values3 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10 + values2 * 100 + values3 * 1000) + return points, values + + def _get_sample_4d_3(self, xp): + # create another 4-D grid of 7 points in each dimension + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0)] * 4 + values = xp.asarray([0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values2 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis] + values3 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10 + values2 * 100 + values3 * 1000) + return points, values + + def _get_sample_4d_4(self, xp): + # create another 4-D grid of 2 points in each dimension + points = [(0.0, 1.0)] * 4 + values = xp.asarray([0.0, 1.0]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values2 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis] + values3 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10 + values2 * 100 + values3 * 1000) + return points, values + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_list_input(self, method): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d_3(xp=np) + + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, + values.tolist(), + method=method) + v1 = interp(sample.tolist()) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, + values, + method=method) + v2 = interp(sample) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('method', ['cubic', 'quintic', 'pchip']) + def test_spline_dim_error(self, method, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d_4(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + match = "points in dimension" + + # Check error raise when creating interpolator + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method) + + # Check error raise when creating interpolator + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = xp.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + interp(sample, method=method) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "points_values, sample", + [ + ( + _get_sample_4d, + np.asarray( + [[0.1, 0.1, 1.0, 0.9], + [0.2, 0.1, 0.45, 0.8], + [0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5]] + ), + ), + (_get_sample_4d_2, np.asarray([0.1, 0.1, 10.0, 9.0])), + ], + ) + def test_linear_and_slinear_close(self, points_values, sample, xp): + points, values = points_values(self, xp) + points, sample = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points), xp.asarray(sample) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="linear") + v1 = interp(sample) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="slinear") + v2 = interp(sample) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_derivatives(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + sample = xp.asarray([[0.1 , 0.1 , 1. , 0.9 ], + [0.2 , 0.1 , 0.45, 0.8 ], + [0.5 , 0.5 , 0.5 , 0.5 ]]) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="slinear") + + with assert_raises(ValueError): + # wrong number of derivatives (need 4) + interp(sample, nu=1) + + xp_assert_close(interp(sample, nu=(1, 0, 0, 0)), + xp.asarray([1.0, 1, 1], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-15) + xp_assert_close(interp(sample, nu=(0, 1, 0, 0)), + xp.asarray([10.0, 10, 10], dtype=xp.float64), atol=1e-15) + + # 2nd derivatives of a linear function are zero + xp_assert_close(interp(sample, nu=(0, 1, 1, 0)), + xp.asarray([0.0, 0, 0], dtype=xp.float64), atol=2e-12) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_complex(self, method, xp): + if method == "pchip": + pytest.skip("pchip does not make sense for complex data") + points, values = self._get_sample_4d_3(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + values = values - 2j*values + sample = xp.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method) + rinterp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, xp.real(values), method=method) + iinterp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, xp.imag(values), method=method) + + v1 = interp(sample) + v2 = rinterp(sample) + 1j*iinterp(sample) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_cubic_vs_pchip(self, xp): + x, y = xp.asarray([1, 2, 3, 4]), xp.asarray([1, 2, 3, 4]) + xg, yg = xp.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij') + + values = (lambda x, y: x**4 * y**4)(xg, yg) + cubic = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values, method='cubic') + pchip = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values, method='pchip') + + vals_cubic = cubic([1.5, 2]) + vals_pchip = pchip([1.5, 2]) + #assert not np.allclose(vals_cubic, vals_pchip, atol=1e-14, rtol=0) + assert not xp.all(xp.abs(vals_cubic - vals_pchip) < 1e-14) + + def test_linear_xi1d(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d_2(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = xp.asarray([0.1, 0.1, 10., 9.]) + wanted = xp.asarray([1001.1], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), wanted) + + def test_linear_xi3d(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = xp.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + wanted = xp.asarray([1001.1, 846.2, 555.5]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), wanted) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "sample, wanted", + [ + ([0.1, 0.1, 0.9, 0.9], 1100.0), + ([0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1], 0.0), + ([0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], 0.0), + ([1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], 1111.0), + ([0.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9], 1055.0), + ], + ) + def test_nearest(self, sample, wanted, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points, sample = tuple(xp.asarray(p) for p in points), xp.asarray(sample) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="nearest") + wanted = xp.asarray([wanted], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), wanted) + + def test_linear_edges(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = xp.asarray([[0., 0., 0., 0.], [1., 1., 1., 1.]]) + wanted = xp.asarray([0., 1111.]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), wanted) + + def test_valid_create(self): + # create a 2-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points = [(0., .5, 1.), (0., 1., .5)] + values = np.asarray([0., .5, 1.]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10) + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, points, values) + points = [((0., .5, 1.), ), (0., .5, 1.)] + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, points, values) + points = [(0., .5, .75, 1.), (0., .5, 1.)] + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, points, values) + points = [(0., .5, 1.), (0., .5, 1.), (0., .5, 1.)] + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, points, values) + points = [(0., .5, 1.), (0., .5, 1.)] + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, points, values, + method="undefmethod") + + def test_valid_call(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = xp.asarray([[0., 0., 0., 0.], [1., 1., 1., 1.]]) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + interp(sample, "undefmethod") + + sample = xp.asarray([[0., 0., 0.], [1., 1., 1.]]) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + interp(sample) + + sample = xp.asarray([[0., 0., 0., 0.], [1., 1., 1., 1.1]]) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + interp(sample) + + def test_out_of_bounds_extrap(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=None) + sample = xp.asarray([[-.1, -.1, -.1, -.1], [1.1, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1], + [21, 2.1, -1.1, -11], [2.1, 2.1, -1.1, -1.1]], + dtype=xp.float64) + wanted = xp.asarray([0., 1111., 11., 11.], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="nearest"), wanted) + wanted = xp.asarray([-111.1, 1222.1, -11068., -1186.9], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="linear"), wanted) + + def test_out_of_bounds_extrap2(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d_2(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=None) + sample = xp.asarray([[-.1, -.1, -.1, -.1], [1.1, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1], + [21, 2.1, -1.1, -11], [2.1, 2.1, -1.1, -1.1]], + dtype=xp.float64) + wanted = xp.asarray([0., 11., 11., 11.], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="nearest"), wanted) + wanted = xp.asarray([-12.1, 133.1, -1069., -97.9], dtype=xp.float64) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="linear"), wanted) + + def test_out_of_bounds_fill(self, xp): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(xp) + points = list(xp.asarray(p) for p in points) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, bounds_error=False, + fill_value=xp.nan) + sample = xp.asarray([[-.1, -.1, -.1, -.1], [1.1, 1.1, 1.1, 1.1], + [2.1, 2.1, -1.1, -1.1]]) + wanted = xp.asarray([xp.nan, xp.nan, xp.nan]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="nearest"), wanted) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample, method="linear"), wanted) + sample = xp.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + wanted = xp.asarray([1001.1, 846.2, 555.5]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), wanted) + + def test_nearest_compare_qhull(self): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(np) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="nearest") + points_qhull = itertools.product(*points) + points_qhull = [p for p in points_qhull] + points_qhull = np.asarray(points_qhull) + values_qhull = values.reshape(-1) + interp_qhull = NearestNDInterpolator(points_qhull, values_qhull) + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), interp_qhull(sample)) + + def test_linear_compare_qhull(self): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(np) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + points_qhull = itertools.product(*points) + points_qhull = [p for p in points_qhull] + points_qhull = np.asarray(points_qhull) + values_qhull = values.reshape(-1) + interp_qhull = LinearNDInterpolator(points_qhull, values_qhull) + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 1., .9], [0.2, 0.1, .45, .8], + [0.5, 0.5, .5, .5]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(interp(sample), interp_qhull(sample)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["nearest", "linear"]) + def test_duck_typed_values(self, method): + x = np.linspace(0, 2, 5) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 7) + + values = MyValue((5, 7)) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values, method=method) + v1 = interp([0.4, 0.7]) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values._v, method=method) + v2 = interp([0.4, 0.7]) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, check_dtype=False) + + def test_invalid_fill_value(self): + np.random.seed(1234) + x = np.linspace(0, 2, 5) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 7) + values = np.random.rand(5, 7) + + # integers can be cast to floats + RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), values, fill_value=1) + + # complex values cannot + assert_raises(ValueError, RegularGridInterpolator, + (x, y), values, fill_value=1+2j) + + def test_fillvalue_type(self): + # from #3703; test that interpolator object construction succeeds + values = np.ones((10, 20, 30), dtype='>f4') + points = [np.arange(n) for n in values.shape] + # xi = [(1, 1, 1)] + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, fill_value=0.) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.float32, np.float64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("ndim", [1, 2, 3]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ["linear", "nearest"]) + def test_length_one_axis_all(self, dtype, ndim, method): + # gh-23171: length-1 axes in all dimensions are legal + # for all methods parametrized above. + + # Construct test point 'x0' with coordinates[0, 1, ..., ndim-1]. + # NOTE: choice of coordinates is arbitrary, could be random numbers, + # but using np.arange for convenience. + x0 = np.arange(ndim, dtype=dtype) + + # Unpack 'x0'; loosly speaking this is the inverse of np.mgrid. + # By construction 'points' defines a grid of length one along all axes. + points = tuple(np.asarray([xi]) for xi in x0) + + # Construct 'values' array of dimensions (1, 1, ...) from 0D 'val'. + val = np.asarray(1/7, dtype=dtype) + values = np.full(shape=(1, )*ndim, fill_value=val) + + # Fill value, as a 0D array of correct dtype. + fill = np.asarray(1/42, dtype=dtype) + + # method "linear" promotes results to np.float64 + promoted_dtype = np.float64 if method == "linear" else dtype + + # Create interpolator instances, with and without 'bounds_error' check. + interp_fill = RegularGridInterpolator( + points, values, method=method, bounds_error=False, fill_value=fill + ) + interp_err = RegularGridInterpolator( + points, values, method=method, bounds_error=True, + ) + + # Check interpolator returns correct value for valid sample. + sample = np.asarray([x0]) + wanted = np.asarray([val], dtype=promoted_dtype) + for result in [interp_fill(sample), interp_err(sample)]: + xp_assert_equal(result, wanted) + + # Check out of bound point along first direction. + x0[0] += 1 + sample = np.asarray([x0]) + wanted = np.asarray([fill], dtype=promoted_dtype) + result = interp_fill(sample) + xp_assert_equal(result, wanted) + with pytest.raises( + ValueError, + match="^One of the requested xi is out of bounds in dimension 0$", + ): + interp_err(sample) + + # check point with NaN in first direction + x0[0] = np.nan + sample = np.asarray([x0]) + wanted = np.asarray([np.nan], dtype=promoted_dtype) + result = interp_fill(sample) + xp_assert_equal(result, wanted) + with pytest.raises( + ValueError, + match="^One of the requested xi is out of bounds in dimension 0$", + ): + interp_err(sample) + + def test_length_one_axis(self): + # gh-5890, gh-9524 : length-1 axis is legal for method='linear'. + # Along the axis it's linear interpolation; away from the length-1 + # axis, it's an extrapolation, so fill_value should be used. + def f(x, y): + return x + y + x = np.linspace(1, 1, 1) + y = np.linspace(1, 10, 10) + data = f(*np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing="ij", sparse=True)) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, method="linear", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=101) + + # check values at the grid + xp_assert_close(interp(np.array([[1, 1], [1, 5], [1, 10]])), + np.asarray([2.0, 6, 11]), + atol=1e-14) + + # check off-grid interpolation is indeed linear + xp_assert_close(interp(np.array([[1, 1.4], [1, 5.3], [1, 10]])), + [2.4, 6.3, 11], + atol=1e-14) + + # check exrapolation w/ fill_value + xp_assert_close(interp(np.array([1.1, 2.4])), + interp.fill_value, + check_dtype=False, check_shape=False, check_0d=False, + atol=1e-14) + + # check extrapolation: linear along the `y` axis, const along `x` + interp.fill_value = None + xp_assert_close(interp([[1, 0.3], [1, 11.5]]), + [1.3, 12.5], atol=1e-15) + + xp_assert_close(interp([[1.5, 0.3], [1.9, 11.5]]), + [1.3, 12.5], atol=1e-15) + + # extrapolation with method='nearest' + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, method="nearest", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=None) + xp_assert_close(interp([[1.5, 1.8], [-4, 5.1]]), + np.asarray([3.0, 6]), + atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fill_value", [None, np.nan, np.pi]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ['linear', 'nearest']) + def test_length_one_axis2(self, fill_value, method): + options = {"fill_value": fill_value, "bounds_error": False, + "method": method} + + x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 20) + z = np.sin(x) + + fa = RegularGridInterpolator((x,), z[:], **options) + fb = RegularGridInterpolator((x, [0]), z[:, None], **options) + + x1a = np.linspace(-1, 2*np.pi+1, 100) + za = fa(x1a) + + # evaluated at provided y-value, fb should behave exactly as fa + y1b = np.zeros(100) + zb = fb(np.vstack([x1a, y1b]).T) + xp_assert_close(zb, za) + + # evaluated at a different y-value, fb should return fill value + y1b = np.ones(100) + zb = fb(np.vstack([x1a, y1b]).T) + if fill_value is None: + xp_assert_close(zb, za) + else: + xp_assert_close(zb, np.full_like(zb, fill_value)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ['nearest', 'linear']) + def test_nan_x_1d(self, method): + # gh-6624 : if x is nan, result should be nan + f = RegularGridInterpolator(([1, 2, 3],), [10, 20, 30], fill_value=1, + bounds_error=False, method=method) + assert np.isnan(f([np.nan])) + + # test arbitrary nan pattern + rng = np.random.default_rng(8143215468) + x = rng.random(size=100)*4 + i = rng.random(size=100) > 0.5 + x[i] = np.nan + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + # out-of-bounds comparisons, `out_of_bounds += x < grid[0]`, + # generate numpy warnings if `x` contains nans. + # These warnings should propagate to user (since `x` is user + # input) and we simply filter them out. + res = f(x) + + assert np.isnan(res[i]).all() + xp_assert_equal(res[~i], f(x[~i])) + + # also test the length-one axis f(nan) + x = [1, 2, 3] + y = [1, ] + data = np.ones((3, 1)) + f = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, fill_value=1, + bounds_error=False, method=method) + assert np.all(np.isnan(f([np.nan, 1]))) + assert np.all(np.isnan(f([1, np.nan]))) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("method", ['nearest', 'linear']) + def test_nan_x_2d(self, method): + x, y = np.array([0, 1, 2]), np.array([1, 3, 7]) + + def f(x, y): + return x**2 + y**2 + + xg, yg = np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij', sparse=True) + data = f(xg, yg) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, + method=method, bounds_error=False) + + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + res = interp([[1.5, np.nan], [1, 1]]) + xp_assert_close(res[1], 2.0, atol=1e-14) + assert np.isnan(res[0]) + + # test arbitrary nan pattern + rng = np.random.default_rng(8143215468) + x = rng.random(size=100)*4-1 + y = rng.random(size=100)*8 + i1 = rng.random(size=100) > 0.5 + i2 = rng.random(size=100) > 0.5 + i = i1 | i2 + x[i1] = np.nan + y[i2] = np.nan + z = np.array([x, y]).T + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + # out-of-bounds comparisons, `out_of_bounds += x < grid[0]`, + # generate numpy warnings if `x` contains nans. + # These warnings should propagate to user (since `x` is user + # input) and we simply filter them out. + res = interp(z) + + assert np.isnan(res[i]).all() + xp_assert_equal(res[~i], interp(z[~i]), check_dtype=False) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("ndims", "func"), [ + (2, lambda x, y: 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2), + (3, lambda x, y, z: 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2 - z), + (4, lambda x, y, z, a: 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2 - z + a), + (5, lambda x, y, z, a, b: 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2 - z + a * b), + ]) + def test_descending_points_nd(self, method, ndims, func): + + if ndims >= 4 and method in {"cubic", "quintic"}: + pytest.skip("too slow; OOM (quintic); or nearly so (cubic)") + + rng = np.random.default_rng(42) + sample_low = 1 + sample_high = 5 + test_points = rng.uniform(sample_low, sample_high, size=(2, ndims)) + + ascending_points = [np.linspace(sample_low, sample_high, 12) + for _ in range(ndims)] + + ascending_values = func(*np.meshgrid(*ascending_points, + indexing="ij", + sparse=True)) + + ascending_interp = RegularGridInterpolator(ascending_points, + ascending_values, + method=method) + ascending_result = ascending_interp(test_points) + + descending_points = [xi[::-1] for xi in ascending_points] + descending_values = func(*np.meshgrid(*descending_points, + indexing="ij", + sparse=True)) + descending_interp = RegularGridInterpolator(descending_points, + descending_values, + method=method) + descending_result = descending_interp(test_points) + + xp_assert_equal(ascending_result, descending_result) + + def test_invalid_points_order(self): + def val_func_2d(x, y): + return 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2 + + x = np.array([.5, 2., 0., 4., 5.5]) # not ascending or descending + y = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5]) + points = (x, y) + values = val_func_2d(*np.meshgrid(*points, indexing='ij', + sparse=True)) + match = "must be strictly ascending or descending" + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_fill_value(self, method): + interp = RegularGridInterpolator([np.arange(6)], np.ones(6), + method=method, bounds_error=False) + assert np.isnan(interp([10])) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_nonscalar_values(self, method): + + if method == "quintic": + pytest.skip("Way too slow.") + + # Verify that non-scalar valued values also works + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5)] * 2 + [ + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0) + ] * 2 + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + values = rng.random((6, 6, 6, 6, 8)) + sample = rng.random((7, 3, 4)) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method, + bounds_error=False) + v = interp(sample) + assert v.shape == (7, 3, 8), method + + vs = [] + for j in range(8): + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values[..., j], + method=method, + bounds_error=False) + vs.append(interp(sample)) + v2 = np.array(vs).transpose(1, 2, 0) + + xp_assert_close(v, v2, atol=1e-14, err_msg=method) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + @pytest.mark.parametrize("flip_points", [False, True]) + def test_nonscalar_values_2(self, method, flip_points): + + if method in {"cubic", "quintic"}: + pytest.skip("Way too slow.") + + # Verify that non-scalar valued values also work : use different + # lengths of axes to simplify tracing the internals + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5), + (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0, 35.0, 36.0), + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0, 35.0, 36.0, 47)] + + # verify, that strictly decreasing dimensions work + if flip_points: + points = [tuple(reversed(p)) for p in points] + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + + trailing_points = (3, 2) + # NB: values has a `num_trailing_dims` trailing dimension + values = rng.random((6, 7, 8, 9, *trailing_points)) + sample = rng.random(4) # a single sample point ! + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method, + bounds_error=False) + v = interp(sample) + + # v has a single sample point *per entry in the trailing dimensions* + assert v.shape == (1, *trailing_points) + + # check the values, too : manually loop over the trailing dimensions + vs = np.empty(values.shape[-2:]) + for i in range(values.shape[-2]): + for j in range(values.shape[-1]): + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values[..., i, j], + method=method, + bounds_error=False) + vs[i, j] = interp(sample).item() + v2 = np.expand_dims(vs, axis=0) + xp_assert_close(v, v2, atol=1e-14, err_msg=method) + + def test_nonscalar_values_linear_2D(self): + # Verify that non-scalar values work in the 2D fast path + method = 'linear' + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5), + (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), ] + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + + trailing_points = (3, 4) + # NB: values has a `num_trailing_dims` trailing dimension + values = rng.random((6, 7, *trailing_points)) + sample = rng.random(2) # a single sample point ! + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method=method, + bounds_error=False) + v = interp(sample) + + # v has a single sample point *per entry in the trailing dimensions* + assert v.shape == (1, *trailing_points) + + # check the values, too : manually loop over the trailing dimensions + vs = np.empty(values.shape[-2:]) + for i in range(values.shape[-2]): + for j in range(values.shape[-1]): + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values[..., i, j], + method=method, + bounds_error=False) + vs[i, j] = interp(sample).item() + v2 = np.expand_dims(vs, axis=0) + xp_assert_close(v, v2, atol=1e-14, err_msg=method) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "dtype", + [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128] + ) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("xi_dtype", [np.float32, np.float64]) + def test_float32_values(self, dtype, xi_dtype): + # regression test for gh-17718: values.dtype=float32 fails + def f(x, y): + return 2 * x**3 + 3 * y**2 + + x = np.linspace(1, 4, 11) + y = np.linspace(4, 7, 22) + + xg, yg = np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij', sparse=True) + data = f(xg, yg) + + data = data.astype(dtype) + + interp = RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data) + + pts = np.array([[2.1, 6.2], + [3.3, 5.2]], dtype=xi_dtype) + + # the values here are just what the call returns; the test checks that + # that the call succeeds at all, instead of failing with cython not + # having a float32 kernel + xp_assert_close(interp(pts), [134.10469388, 153.40069388], + atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, check_dtype=False) + + def test_bad_solver(self): + x = np.linspace(0, 3, 7) + y = np.linspace(0, 3, 7) + xg, yg = np.meshgrid(x, y, indexing='ij', sparse=True) + data = xg + yg + + # default method 'linear' does not accept 'solver' + with assert_raises(ValueError): + RegularGridInterpolator((x, y), data, solver=lambda x: x) + + with assert_raises(TypeError): + # wrong solver interface + RegularGridInterpolator( + (x, y), data, method='slinear', solver=lambda x: x + ) + + with assert_raises(TypeError): + # unknown argument + RegularGridInterpolator( + (x, y), data, method='slinear', solver=lambda x: x, woof='woof' + ) + + with assert_raises(TypeError): + # unknown argument + RegularGridInterpolator( + (x, y), data, method='slinear', solver_args={'woof': 42} + ) + + def test_concurrency(self): + points, values = self._get_sample_4d(np) + sample = np.array([[0.1 , 0.1 , 1. , 0.9 ], + [0.2 , 0.1 , 0.45, 0.8 ], + [0.5 , 0.5 , 0.5 , 0.5 ], + [0.3 , 0.1 , 0.2 , 0.4 ]]) + interp = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="slinear") + + # A call to RGI with a method different from the one specified on the + # constructor, should not mutate it. + methods = ['slinear', 'nearest'] + def worker_fn(tid, interp): + spline = interp._spline + method = methods[tid % 2] + interp(sample, method=method) + assert interp._spline is spline + + _run_concurrent_barrier(10, worker_fn, interp) + + +class MyValue: + """ + Minimal indexable object + """ + + def __init__(self, shape): + self.ndim = 2 + self.shape = shape + self._v = np.arange(np.prod(shape)).reshape(shape) + + def __getitem__(self, idx): + return self._v[idx] + + def __array_interface__(self): + return None + + def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None): + raise RuntimeError("No array representation") + + +class TestInterpN: + def _sample_2d_data(self): + x = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5, 6.]) + y = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5, 6.]) + z = np.array( + [ + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 1], + ] + ) + return x, y, z + + def test_spline_2d(self): + x, y, z = self._sample_2d_data() + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + assert_array_almost_equal(interpn((x, y), z, xi, method="splinef2d"), + lut.ev(xi[:, 0], xi[:, 1])) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_list_input(self, method): + x, y, z = self._sample_2d_data() + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + v1 = interpn((x, y), z, xi, method=method) + v2 = interpn( + (x.tolist(), y.tolist()), z.tolist(), xi.tolist(), method=method + ) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, err_msg=method) + + def test_spline_2d_outofbounds(self): + x = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5]) + y = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5]) + z = np.array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + lut = RectBivariateSpline(x, y, z) + + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 6.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, -4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + actual = interpn((x, y), z, xi, method="splinef2d", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=999.99) + expected = lut.ev(xi[:, 0], xi[:, 1]) + expected[2:4] = 999.99 + assert_array_almost_equal(actual, expected) + + # no extrapolation for splinef2d + assert_raises(ValueError, interpn, (x, y), z, xi, method="splinef2d", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=None) + + def _sample_4d_data(self): + points = [(0., .5, 1.)] * 2 + [(0., 5., 10.)] * 2 + values = np.asarray([0., .5, 1.]) + values0 = values[:, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values1 = values[np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis, np.newaxis] + values2 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :, np.newaxis] + values3 = values[np.newaxis, np.newaxis, np.newaxis, :] + values = (values0 + values1 * 10 + values2 * 100 + values3 * 1000) + return points, values + + def test_linear_4d(self): + # create a 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + interp_rg = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values) + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 10., 9.]]) + wanted = interpn(points, values, sample, method="linear") + assert_array_almost_equal(interp_rg(sample), wanted) + + def test_4d_linear_outofbounds(self): + # create a 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, -0.1, 10.1, 9.]]) + wanted = np.asarray([999.99]) + actual = interpn(points, values, sample, method="linear", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=999.99) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual, wanted) + + def test_nearest_4d(self): + # create a 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + interp_rg = RegularGridInterpolator(points, values, method="nearest") + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, 0.1, 10., 9.]]) + wanted = interpn(points, values, sample, method="nearest") + assert_array_almost_equal(interp_rg(sample), wanted) + + def test_4d_nearest_outofbounds(self): + # create a 4-D grid of 3 points in each dimension + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + sample = np.asarray([[0.1, -0.1, 10.1, 9.]]) + wanted = np.asarray([999.99]) + actual = interpn(points, values, sample, method="nearest", + bounds_error=False, fill_value=999.99) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual, wanted) + + def test_xi_1d(self): + # verify that 1-D xi works as expected + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + sample = np.asarray([0.1, 0.1, 10., 9.]) + v1 = interpn(points, values, sample, bounds_error=False) + v2 = interpn(points, values, sample[None,:], bounds_error=False) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_xi_nd(self): + # verify that higher-d xi works as expected + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + + np.random.seed(1234) + sample = np.random.rand(2, 3, 4) + + v1 = interpn(points, values, sample, method='nearest', + bounds_error=False) + assert v1.shape == (2, 3) + + v2 = interpn(points, values, sample.reshape(-1, 4), + method='nearest', bounds_error=False) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2.reshape(v1.shape)) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_xi_broadcast(self, method): + # verify that the interpolators broadcast xi + x, y, values = self._sample_2d_data() + points = (x, y) + + xi = np.linspace(0, 1, 2) + yi = np.linspace(0, 3, 3) + + sample = (xi[:, None], yi[None, :]) + v1 = interpn(points, values, sample, method=method, bounds_error=False) + assert v1.shape == (2, 3) + + xx, yy = np.meshgrid(xi, yi) + sample = np.c_[xx.T.ravel(), yy.T.ravel()] + + v2 = interpn(points, values, sample, + method=method, bounds_error=False) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2.reshape(v1.shape)) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_nonscalar_values(self, method): + + if method == "quintic": + pytest.skip("Way too slow.") + + # Verify that non-scalar valued values also works + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5)] * 2 + [ + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0) + ] * 2 + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + values = rng.random((6, 6, 6, 6, 8)) + sample = rng.random((7, 3, 4)) + + v = interpn(points, values, sample, method=method, + bounds_error=False) + assert v.shape == (7, 3, 8), method + + vs = [interpn(points, values[..., j], sample, method=method, + bounds_error=False) for j in range(8)] + v2 = np.array(vs).transpose(1, 2, 0) + + xp_assert_close(v, v2, atol=1e-14, err_msg=method) + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_nonscalar_values_2(self, method): + + if method in {"cubic", "quintic"}: + pytest.skip("Way too slow.") + + # Verify that non-scalar valued values also work : use different + # lengths of axes to simplify tracing the internals + points = [(0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5), + (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0), + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0, 35.0, 36.0), + (0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20, 25.0, 35.0, 36.0, 47)] + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + + trailing_points = (3, 2) + # NB: values has a `num_trailing_dims` trailing dimension + values = rng.random((6, 7, 8, 9, *trailing_points)) + sample = rng.random(4) # a single sample point ! + + v = interpn(points, values, sample, method=method, bounds_error=False) + + # v has a single sample point *per entry in the trailing dimensions* + assert v.shape == (1, *trailing_points) + + # check the values, too : manually loop over the trailing dimensions + vs = [[ + interpn(points, values[..., i, j], sample, method=method, + bounds_error=False) for i in range(values.shape[-2]) + ] for j in range(values.shape[-1])] + + xp_assert_close(v, np.asarray(vs).T, atol=1e-14, err_msg=method) + + def test_non_scalar_values_splinef2d(self): + # Vector-valued splines supported with fitpack + points, values = self._sample_4d_data() + + np.random.seed(1234) + values = np.random.rand(3, 3, 3, 3, 6) + sample = np.random.rand(7, 11, 4) + assert_raises(ValueError, interpn, points, values, sample, + method='splinef2d') + + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_complex(self, method): + if method == "pchip": + pytest.skip("pchip does not make sense for complex data") + + x, y, values = self._sample_2d_data() + points = (x, y) + values = values - 2j*values + + sample = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + v1 = interpn(points, values, sample, method=method) + v2r = interpn(points, values.real, sample, method=method) + v2i = interpn(points, values.imag, sample, method=method) + v2 = v2r + 1j*v2i + + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_complex_pchip(self): + # Complex-valued data deprecated for pchip + x, y, values = self._sample_2d_data() + points = (x, y) + values = values - 2j*values + + sample = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='real'): + interpn(points, values, sample, method='pchip') + + def test_complex_spline2fd(self): + # Complex-valued data not supported by spline2fd + x, y, values = self._sample_2d_data() + points = (x, y) + values = values - 2j*values + + sample = np.array([[1, 2.3, 5.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + with pytest.warns(ComplexWarning): + interpn(points, values, sample, method='splinef2d') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "method", + ["linear", "nearest"] + ) + def test_duck_typed_values(self, method): + x = np.linspace(0, 2, 5) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 7) + + values = MyValue((5, 7)) + + v1 = interpn((x, y), values, [0.4, 0.7], method=method) + v2 = interpn((x, y), values._v, [0.4, 0.7], method=method) + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, check_dtype=False) + + @skip_xp_invalid_arg + @parametrize_rgi_interp_methods + def test_matrix_input(self, method): + """np.matrix inputs are allowed for backwards compatibility""" + x = np.linspace(0, 2, 6) + y = np.linspace(0, 1, 7) + + values = matrix(np.random.rand(6, 7)) + + sample = np.random.rand(3, 7, 2) + + v1 = interpn((x, y), values, sample, method=method) + v2 = interpn((x, y), np.asarray(values), sample, method=method) + if method == "quintic": + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/20472 + xp_assert_close(v1, v2, atol=5e-5, rtol=2e-6) + else: + xp_assert_close(v1, v2) + + def test_length_one_axis(self): + # gh-5890, gh-9524 : length-1 axis is legal for method='linear'. + # Along the axis it's linear interpolation; away from the length-1 + # axis, it's an extrapolation, so fill_value should be used. + + values = np.array([[0.1, 1, 10]]) + xi = np.array([[1, 2.2], [1, 3.2], [1, 3.8]]) + + res = interpn(([1], [2, 3, 4]), values, xi) + wanted = [0.9*0.2 + 0.1, # on [2, 3) it's 0.9*(x-2) + 0.1 + 9*0.2 + 1, # on [3, 4] it's 9*(x-3) + 1 + 9*0.8 + 1] + + xp_assert_close(res, wanted, atol=1e-15) + + # check extrapolation + xi = np.array([[1.1, 2.2], [1.5, 3.2], [-2.3, 3.8]]) + res = interpn(([1], [2, 3, 4]), values, xi, + bounds_error=False, fill_value=None) + + xp_assert_close(res, wanted, atol=1e-15) + + def test_descending_points(self): + def value_func_4d(x, y, z, a): + return 2 * x ** 3 + 3 * y ** 2 - z - a + + x1 = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3]) + x2 = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30]) + x3 = np.array([0, 10, 20, 30]) + x4 = np.array([0, .1, .2, .30]) + points = (x1, x2, x3, x4) + values = value_func_4d( + *np.meshgrid(*points, indexing='ij', sparse=True)) + pts = (0.1, 0.3, np.transpose(np.linspace(0, 30, 4)), + np.linspace(0, 0.3, 4)) + correct_result = interpn(points, values, pts) + + x1_descend = x1[::-1] + x2_descend = x2[::-1] + x3_descend = x3[::-1] + x4_descend = x4[::-1] + points_shuffled = (x1_descend, x2_descend, x3_descend, x4_descend) + values_shuffled = value_func_4d( + *np.meshgrid(*points_shuffled, indexing='ij', sparse=True)) + test_result = interpn(points_shuffled, values_shuffled, pts) + + xp_assert_equal(correct_result, test_result) + + def test_invalid_points_order(self): + x = np.array([.5, 2., 0., 4., 5.5]) # not ascending or descending + y = np.array([.5, 2., 3., 4., 5.5]) + z = np.array([[1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1], + [1, 2, 2, 2, 1], [1, 2, 1, 2, 1]]) + xi = np.array([[1, 2.3, 6.3, 0.5, 3.3, 1.2, 3], + [1, 3.3, 1.2, -4.0, 5.0, 1.0, 3]]).T + + match = "must be strictly ascending or descending" + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + interpn((x, y), z, xi) + + def test_invalid_xi_dimensions(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/16519 + points = [(0, 1)] + values = [0, 1] + xi = np.ones((1, 1, 3)) + msg = ("The requested sample points xi have dimension 3, but this " + "RegularGridInterpolator has dimension 1") + with assert_raises(ValueError, match=msg): + interpn(points, values, xi) + + def test_readonly_grid(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17716 + x = np.linspace(0, 4, 5) + y = np.linspace(0, 5, 6) + z = np.linspace(0, 6, 7) + points = (x, y, z) + values = np.ones((5, 6, 7)) + point = np.array([2.21, 3.12, 1.15]) + for d in points: + d.flags.writeable = False + values.flags.writeable = False + point.flags.writeable = False + interpn(points, values, point) + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values)(point) + + def test_2d_readonly_grid(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17716 + # test special 2d case + x = np.linspace(0, 4, 5) + y = np.linspace(0, 5, 6) + points = (x, y) + values = np.ones((5, 6)) + point = np.array([2.21, 3.12]) + for d in points: + d.flags.writeable = False + values.flags.writeable = False + point.flags.writeable = False + interpn(points, values, point) + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values)(point) + + def test_non_c_contiguous_grid(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17716 + x = np.linspace(0, 4, 5) + x = np.vstack((x, np.empty_like(x))).T.copy()[:, 0] + assert not x.flags.c_contiguous + y = np.linspace(0, 5, 6) + z = np.linspace(0, 6, 7) + points = (x, y, z) + values = np.ones((5, 6, 7)) + point = np.array([2.21, 3.12, 1.15]) + interpn(points, values, point) + RegularGridInterpolator(points, values)(point) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", ['>f8', '`__ + +MATLAB® files +============= + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + loadmat - Read a MATLAB style mat file (version 4 through 7.1) + savemat - Write a MATLAB style mat file (version 4 through 7.1) + whosmat - List contents of a MATLAB style mat file (version 4 through 7.1) + +For low-level MATLAB reading and writing utilities, see `scipy.io.matlab`. + +IDL® files +========== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + readsav - Read an IDL 'save' file + +Matrix Market files +=================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + mminfo - Query matrix info from Matrix Market formatted file + mmread - Read matrix from Matrix Market formatted file + mmwrite - Write matrix to Matrix Market formatted file + +Unformatted Fortran files +=============================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + FortranFile - A file object for unformatted sequential Fortran files + FortranEOFError - Exception indicating the end of a well-formed file + FortranFormattingError - Exception indicating an inappropriate end + +Netcdf +====== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + netcdf_file - A file object for NetCDF data + netcdf_variable - A data object for the netcdf module + +Harwell-Boeing files +==================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + hb_read -- read H-B file + hb_write -- write H-B file + +Wav sound files (:mod:`scipy.io.wavfile`) +========================================= + +.. module:: scipy.io.wavfile + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + read + write + WavFileWarning + +Arff files (:mod:`scipy.io.arff`) +================================= + +.. module:: scipy.io.arff + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + loadarff + MetaData + ArffError + ParseArffError +""" +# matfile read and write +from .matlab import loadmat, savemat, whosmat + +# netCDF file support +from ._netcdf import netcdf_file, netcdf_variable + +# Fortran file support +from ._fortran import FortranFile, FortranEOFError, FortranFormattingError + +from ._fast_matrix_market import mminfo, mmread, mmwrite +from ._idl import readsav +from ._harwell_boeing import hb_read, hb_write + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from . import arff, harwell_boeing, idl, mmio, netcdf, wavfile + +__all__ = [s for s in dir() if not s.startswith('_')] + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___init__.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___pycache__ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___pycache__ new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.___pycache__ differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.__fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.__fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/.__fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/__init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00e2b16c0fa63ad92983e0a62c6cc3401ef9f907 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,600 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2022-2023 Adam Lugowski. All rights reserved. +# Use of this source code is governed by the BSD 2-clause license found in +# the LICENSE.txt file. +# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause +""" +Matrix Market I/O with a C++ backend. +See http://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/formats.html +for information about the Matrix Market format. + +.. versionadded:: 1.12.0 +""" +import io +import os + +import numpy as np +from scipy.sparse import coo_array, issparse, coo_matrix +from scipy.io import _mmio + +__all__ = ['mminfo', 'mmread', 'mmwrite'] + +PARALLELISM = 0 +""" +Number of threads that `mmread()` and `mmwrite()` use. +0 means number of CPUs in the system. +Use `threadpoolctl` to set this value. +""" + +ALWAYS_FIND_SYMMETRY = False +""" +Whether mmwrite() with symmetry='AUTO' will always search for symmetry +inside the matrix. This is scipy.io._mmio.mmwrite()'s default behavior, +but has a significant performance cost on large matrices. +""" + +_field_to_dtype = { + "integer": "int64", + "unsigned-integer": "uint64", + "real": "float64", + "complex": "complex", + "pattern": "float64", +} + + +def _fmm_version(): + from . import _fmm_core + return _fmm_core.__version__ + + +# Register with threadpoolctl, if available +try: + import threadpoolctl + + class _FMMThreadPoolCtlController(threadpoolctl.LibController): + user_api = "scipy" + internal_api = "scipy_mmio" + + filename_prefixes = ("_fmm_core",) + + def get_num_threads(self): + global PARALLELISM + return PARALLELISM + + def set_num_threads(self, num_threads): + global PARALLELISM + PARALLELISM = num_threads + + def get_version(self): + return _fmm_version + + def set_additional_attributes(self): + pass + + threadpoolctl.register(_FMMThreadPoolCtlController) +except (ImportError, AttributeError): + # threadpoolctl not installed or version too old + pass + + +class _TextToBytesWrapper(io.BufferedReader): + """ + Convert a TextIOBase string stream to a byte stream. + """ + + def __init__(self, text_io_buffer, encoding=None, errors=None, **kwargs): + super().__init__(text_io_buffer, **kwargs) + self.encoding = encoding or text_io_buffer.encoding or 'utf-8' + self.errors = errors or text_io_buffer.errors or 'strict' + + def __del__(self): + # do not close the wrapped stream + self.detach() + + def _encoding_call(self, method_name, *args, **kwargs): + raw_method = getattr(self.raw, method_name) + val = raw_method(*args, **kwargs) + return val.encode(self.encoding, errors=self.errors) + + def read(self, size=-1): + return self._encoding_call('read', size) + + def read1(self, size=-1): + return self._encoding_call('read1', size) + + def peek(self, size=-1): + return self._encoding_call('peek', size) + + def seek(self, offset, whence=0): + # Random seeks are not allowed because of non-trivial conversion + # between byte and character offsets, + # with the possibility of a byte offset landing within a character. + if offset == 0 and whence == 0 or \ + offset == 0 and whence == 2: + # seek to start or end is ok + super().seek(offset, whence) + else: + # Drop any other seek + # In this application this may happen when pystreambuf seeks during sync(), + # which can happen when closing a partially-read stream. + # Ex. when mminfo() only reads the header then exits. + pass + + +def _read_body_array(cursor): + """ + Read MatrixMarket array body + """ + from . import _fmm_core + + vals = np.zeros(cursor.header.shape, dtype=_field_to_dtype.get(cursor.header.field)) + _fmm_core.read_body_array(cursor, vals) + return vals + + +def _read_body_coo(cursor, generalize_symmetry=True): + """ + Read MatrixMarket coordinate body + """ + from . import _fmm_core + + index_dtype = "int32" + if cursor.header.nrows >= 2**31 or cursor.header.ncols >= 2**31: + # Dimensions are too large to fit in int32 + index_dtype = "int64" + + i = np.zeros(cursor.header.nnz, dtype=index_dtype) + j = np.zeros(cursor.header.nnz, dtype=index_dtype) + data = np.zeros(cursor.header.nnz, dtype=_field_to_dtype.get(cursor.header.field)) + + _fmm_core.read_body_coo(cursor, i, j, data) + + if generalize_symmetry and cursor.header.symmetry != "general": + off_diagonal_mask = (i != j) + off_diagonal_rows = i[off_diagonal_mask] + off_diagonal_cols = j[off_diagonal_mask] + off_diagonal_data = data[off_diagonal_mask] + + if cursor.header.symmetry == "skew-symmetric": + off_diagonal_data *= -1 + elif cursor.header.symmetry == "hermitian": + off_diagonal_data = off_diagonal_data.conjugate() + + i = np.concatenate((i, off_diagonal_cols)) + j = np.concatenate((j, off_diagonal_rows)) + data = np.concatenate((data, off_diagonal_data)) + + return (data, (i, j)), cursor.header.shape + + +def _get_read_cursor(source, parallelism=None): + """ + Open file for reading. + """ + from . import _fmm_core + + ret_stream_to_close = None + if parallelism is None: + parallelism = PARALLELISM + + try: + source = os.fspath(source) + # It's a file path + is_path = True + except TypeError: + is_path = False + + if is_path: + path = str(source) + if path.endswith('.gz'): + import gzip + source = gzip.GzipFile(path, 'r') + ret_stream_to_close = source + elif path.endswith('.bz2'): + import bz2 + source = bz2.BZ2File(path, 'rb') + ret_stream_to_close = source + else: + if not os.path.exists(path): + raise FileNotFoundError(f"The source file does not exist: {path}") + return _fmm_core.open_read_file(path, parallelism), ret_stream_to_close + + # Stream object. + if hasattr(source, "read"): + if isinstance(source, io.TextIOBase): + source = _TextToBytesWrapper(source) + return _fmm_core.open_read_stream(source, parallelism), ret_stream_to_close + else: + raise TypeError("Unknown source type") + + +def _get_write_cursor(target, h=None, comment=None, parallelism=None, + symmetry="general", precision=None): + """ + Open file for writing. + """ + from . import _fmm_core + + if parallelism is None: + parallelism = PARALLELISM + if comment is None: + comment = '' + if symmetry is None: + symmetry = "general" + if precision is None: + precision = -1 + + if not h: + h = _fmm_core.header(comment=comment, symmetry=symmetry) + + try: + target = os.fspath(target) + # It's a file path + if target[-4:] != '.mtx': + target += '.mtx' + return _fmm_core.open_write_file(str(target), h, parallelism, precision) + except TypeError: + pass + + if hasattr(target, "write"): + # Stream object. + if isinstance(target, io.TextIOBase): + raise TypeError("target stream must be open in binary mode.") + return _fmm_core.open_write_stream(target, h, parallelism, precision) + else: + raise TypeError("Unknown source object") + + +def _apply_field(data, field, no_pattern=False): + """ + Ensure that ``data.dtype`` is compatible with the specified MatrixMarket field type. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : ndarray + Input array. + + field : str + Matrix Market field, such as 'real', 'complex', 'integer', 'pattern'. + + no_pattern : bool, optional + Whether an empty array may be returned for a 'pattern' field. + + Returns + ------- + data : ndarray + Input data if no conversion necessary, or a converted version + """ + + if field is None: + return data + if field == "pattern": + if no_pattern: + return data + else: + return np.zeros(0) + + dtype = _field_to_dtype.get(field, None) + if dtype is None: + raise ValueError("Invalid field.") + + return np.asarray(data, dtype=dtype) + + +def _validate_symmetry(symmetry): + """ + Check that the symmetry parameter is one that MatrixMarket allows.. + """ + if symmetry is None: + return "general" + + symmetry = str(symmetry).lower() + symmetries = ["general", "symmetric", "skew-symmetric", "hermitian"] + if symmetry not in symmetries: + raise ValueError("Invalid symmetry. Must be one of: " + ", ".join(symmetries)) + + return symmetry + + +def mmread(source, *, spmatrix=True): + """ + Reads the contents of a Matrix Market file-like 'source' into a matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extensions .mtx, .mtz.gz) + or open file-like object. + spmatrix : bool, optional (default: True) + If ``True``, return sparse matrix. Otherwise return sparse array. + + Returns + ------- + a : ndarray or coo_array + Dense or sparse array depending on the matrix format in the + Matrix Market file. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionchanged:: 1.12.0 + C++ implementation. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> from scipy.io import mmread + + >>> text = '''%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + ... 5 5 7 + ... 2 3 1.0 + ... 3 4 2.0 + ... 3 5 3.0 + ... 4 1 4.0 + ... 4 2 5.0 + ... 4 3 6.0 + ... 4 4 7.0 + ... ''' + + ``mmread(source)`` returns the data as sparse array in COO format. + + >>> m = mmread(StringIO(text), spmatrix=False) + >>> m + + >>> m.toarray() + array([[0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 1., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 2., 3.], + [4., 5., 6., 7., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]]) + + This method is threaded. + The default number of threads is equal to the number of CPUs in the system. + Use `threadpoolctl `_ to override: + + >>> import threadpoolctl + >>> + >>> with threadpoolctl.threadpool_limits(limits=2): + ... m = mmread(StringIO(text), spmatrix=False) + + """ + cursor, stream_to_close = _get_read_cursor(source) + + if cursor.header.format == "array": + mat = _read_body_array(cursor) + if stream_to_close: + stream_to_close.close() + return mat + else: + triplet, shape = _read_body_coo(cursor, generalize_symmetry=True) + if stream_to_close: + stream_to_close.close() + if spmatrix: + return coo_matrix(triplet, shape=shape) + return coo_array(triplet, shape=shape) + + +def mmwrite(target, a, comment=None, field=None, precision=None, symmetry="AUTO"): + r""" + Writes the sparse or dense array `a` to Matrix Market file-like `target`. + + Parameters + ---------- + target : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object. + a : array like + Sparse or dense 2-D array. + comment : str, optional + Comments to be prepended to the Matrix Market file. + field : None or str, optional + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + precision : None or int, optional + Number of digits to display for real or complex values. + symmetry : None or str, optional + Either 'AUTO', 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + If symmetry is None the symmetry type of 'a' is determined by its + values. If symmetry is 'AUTO' the symmetry type of 'a' is either + determined or set to 'general', at mmwrite's discretion. + + Returns + ------- + None + + Notes + ----- + .. versionchanged:: 1.12.0 + C++ implementation. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import BytesIO + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.sparse import coo_array + >>> from scipy.io import mmwrite + + Write a small NumPy array to a matrix market file. The file will be + written in the ``'array'`` format. + + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 2.5, 0, 6.25]]) + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, a) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array real general + % + 2 4 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 2.5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 6.25 + + Add a comment to the output file, and set the precision to 3. + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, a, comment='\n Some test data.\n', precision=3) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array real general + % + % Some test data. + % + 2 4 + 1.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 2.50e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 6.25e+00 + + Convert to a sparse matrix before calling ``mmwrite``. This will + result in the output format being ``'coordinate'`` rather than + ``'array'``. + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, coo_array(a), precision=3) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + % + 2 4 3 + 1 1 1.00e+00 + 2 2 2.50e+00 + 2 4 6.25e+00 + + Write a complex Hermitian array to a matrix market file. Note that + only six values are actually written to the file; the other values + are implied by the symmetry. + + >>> z = np.array([[3, 1+2j, 4-3j], [1-2j, 1, -5j], [4+3j, 5j, 2.5]]) + >>> z + array([[ 3. +0.j, 1. +2.j, 4. -3.j], + [ 1. -2.j, 1. +0.j, -0. -5.j], + [ 4. +3.j, 0. +5.j, 2.5+0.j]]) + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, z, precision=2) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array complex hermitian + % + 3 3 + 3.0e+00 0.0e+00 + 1.0e+00 -2.0e+00 + 4.0e+00 3.0e+00 + 1.0e+00 0.0e+00 + 0.0e+00 5.0e+00 + 2.5e+00 0.0e+00 + + This method is threaded. + The default number of threads is equal to the number of CPUs in the system. + Use `threadpoolctl `_ to override: + + >>> import threadpoolctl + >>> + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> with threadpoolctl.threadpool_limits(limits=2): + ... mmwrite(target, a) + + """ + from . import _fmm_core + + if isinstance(a, list) or isinstance(a, tuple) or hasattr(a, "__array__"): + a = np.asarray(a) + + if symmetry == "AUTO": + if ALWAYS_FIND_SYMMETRY or (hasattr(a, "shape") and max(a.shape) < 100): + symmetry = None + else: + symmetry = "general" + + if symmetry is None: + symmetry = _mmio.MMFile()._get_symmetry(a) + + symmetry = _validate_symmetry(symmetry) + cursor = _get_write_cursor(target, comment=comment, + precision=precision, symmetry=symmetry) + + if isinstance(a, np.ndarray): + # Write dense numpy arrays + a = _apply_field(a, field, no_pattern=True) + _fmm_core.write_body_array(cursor, a) + + elif issparse(a): + # Write sparse scipy matrices + a = a.tocoo() + + if symmetry is not None and symmetry != "general": + # A symmetric matrix only specifies the elements below the diagonal. + # Ensure that the matrix satisfies this requirement. + lower_triangle_mask = a.row >= a.col + a = coo_array((a.data[lower_triangle_mask], + (a.row[lower_triangle_mask], + a.col[lower_triangle_mask])), shape=a.shape) + + data = _apply_field(a.data, field) + _fmm_core.write_body_coo(cursor, a.shape, a.row, a.col, data) + + else: + raise ValueError(f"unknown matrix type: {type(a)}") + + +def mminfo(source): + """ + Return size and storage parameters from Matrix Market file-like 'source'. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object + + Returns + ------- + rows : int + Number of matrix rows. + cols : int + Number of matrix columns. + entries : int + Number of non-zero entries of a sparse matrix + or rows*cols for a dense matrix. + format : str + Either 'coordinate' or 'array'. + field : str + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + symmetry : str + Either 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionchanged:: 1.12.0 + C++ implementation. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> from scipy.io import mminfo + + >>> text = '''%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + ... 5 5 7 + ... 2 3 1.0 + ... 3 4 2.0 + ... 3 5 3.0 + ... 4 1 4.0 + ... 4 2 5.0 + ... 4 3 6.0 + ... 4 4 7.0 + ... ''' + + + ``mminfo(source)`` returns the number of rows, number of columns, + format, field type and symmetry attribute of the source file. + + >>> mminfo(StringIO(text)) + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general') + """ + cursor, stream_to_close = _get_read_cursor(source, 1) + h = cursor.header + cursor.close() + if stream_to_close: + stream_to_close.close() + return h.nrows, h.ncols, h.nnz, h.format, h.field, h.symmetry diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/_fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/_fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4ea346a902ab65a2c66fda133d020c2e5a35c5f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fast_matrix_market/_fmm_core.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:63c2ca7a3f2e7b57c5ea7f32d3a4bbf20a7a4155ec8cdc1fe9e9146436471b74 +size 2178496 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fortran.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fortran.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac491dce68fe2f2f171dcee5a3097b0f4c4ea10c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_fortran.py @@ -0,0 +1,354 @@ +""" +Module to read / write Fortran unformatted sequential files. + +This is in the spirit of code written by Neil Martinsen-Burrell and Joe Zuntz. + +""" +import warnings +import numpy as np + +__all__ = ['FortranFile', 'FortranEOFError', 'FortranFormattingError'] + + +class FortranEOFError(TypeError, OSError): + """Indicates that the file ended properly. + + This error descends from TypeError because the code used to raise + TypeError (and this was the only way to know that the file had + ended) so users might have ``except TypeError:``. + + """ + pass + + +class FortranFormattingError(TypeError, OSError): + """Indicates that the file ended mid-record. + + Descends from TypeError for backward compatibility. + + """ + pass + + +class FortranFile: + """ + A file object for unformatted sequential files from Fortran code. + + Parameters + ---------- + filename : file or str + Open file object or filename. + mode : {'r', 'w'}, optional + Read-write mode, default is 'r'. + header_dtype : dtype, optional + Data type of the header. Size and endianness must match the input/output file. + + Notes + ----- + These files are broken up into records of unspecified types. The size of + each record is given at the start (although the size of this header is not + standard) and the data is written onto disk without any formatting. Fortran + compilers supporting the BACKSPACE statement will write a second copy of + the size to facilitate backwards seeking. + + This class only supports files written with both sizes for the record. + It also does not support the subrecords used in Intel and gfortran compilers + for records which are greater than 2GB with a 4-byte header. + + An example of an unformatted sequential file in Fortran would be written as:: + + OPEN(1, FILE=myfilename, FORM='unformatted') + + WRITE(1) myvariable + + Since this is a non-standard file format, whose contents depend on the + compiler and the endianness of the machine, caution is advised. Files from + gfortran 4.8.0 and gfortran 4.1.2 on x86_64 are known to work. + + Consider using Fortran direct-access files or files from the newer Stream + I/O, which can be easily read by `numpy.fromfile`. + + Examples + -------- + To create an unformatted sequential Fortran file: + + >>> from scipy.io import FortranFile + >>> import numpy as np + >>> f = FortranFile('test.unf', 'w') + >>> f.write_record(np.array([1,2,3,4,5], dtype=np.int32)) + >>> f.write_record(np.linspace(0,1,20).reshape((5,4)).T) + >>> f.close() + + To read this file: + + >>> f = FortranFile('test.unf', 'r') + >>> print(f.read_ints(np.int32)) + [1 2 3 4 5] + >>> print(f.read_reals(float).reshape((5,4), order="F")) + [[0. 0.05263158 0.10526316 0.15789474] + [0.21052632 0.26315789 0.31578947 0.36842105] + [0.42105263 0.47368421 0.52631579 0.57894737] + [0.63157895 0.68421053 0.73684211 0.78947368] + [0.84210526 0.89473684 0.94736842 1. ]] + >>> f.close() + + Or, in Fortran:: + + integer :: a(5), i + double precision :: b(5,4) + open(1, file='test.unf', form='unformatted') + read(1) a + read(1) b + close(1) + write(*,*) a + do i = 1, 5 + write(*,*) b(i,:) + end do + + """ + def __init__(self, filename, mode='r', header_dtype=np.uint32): + if header_dtype is None: + raise ValueError('Must specify dtype') + + header_dtype = np.dtype(header_dtype) + if header_dtype.kind != 'u': + warnings.warn("Given a dtype which is not unsigned.", stacklevel=2) + + if mode not in 'rw' or len(mode) != 1: + raise ValueError('mode must be either r or w') + + if hasattr(filename, 'seek'): + self._fp = filename + else: + self._fp = open(filename, f'{mode}b') + + self._header_dtype = header_dtype + + def _read_size(self, eof_ok=False): + n = self._header_dtype.itemsize + b = self._fp.read(n) + if (not b) and eof_ok: + raise FortranEOFError("End of file occurred at end of record") + elif len(b) < n: + raise FortranFormattingError( + "End of file in the middle of the record size") + return int(np.frombuffer(b, dtype=self._header_dtype, count=1)[0]) + + def write_record(self, *items): + """ + Write a record (including sizes) to the file. + + Parameters + ---------- + *items : array_like + The data arrays to write. + + Notes + ----- + Writes data items to a file:: + + write_record(a.T, b.T, c.T, ...) + + write(1) a, b, c, ... + + Note that data in multidimensional arrays is written in + row-major order --- to make them read correctly by Fortran + programs, you need to transpose the arrays yourself when + writing them. + + """ + items = tuple(np.asarray(item) for item in items) + total_size = sum(item.nbytes for item in items) + + nb = np.array([total_size], dtype=self._header_dtype) + + nb.tofile(self._fp) + for item in items: + item.tofile(self._fp) + nb.tofile(self._fp) + + def read_record(self, *dtypes, **kwargs): + """ + Reads a record of a given type from the file. + + Parameters + ---------- + *dtypes : dtypes, optional + Data type(s) specifying the size and endianness of the data. + + Returns + ------- + data : ndarray + A 1-D array object. + + Raises + ------ + FortranEOFError + To signal that no further records are available + FortranFormattingError + To signal that the end of the file was encountered + part-way through a record + + Notes + ----- + If the record contains a multidimensional array, you can specify + the size in the dtype. For example:: + + INTEGER var(5,4) + + can be read with:: + + read_record('(4,5)i4').T + + Note that this function does **not** assume the file data is in Fortran + column major order, so you need to (i) swap the order of dimensions + when reading and (ii) transpose the resulting array. + + Alternatively, you can read the data as a 1-D array and handle the + ordering yourself. For example:: + + read_record('i4').reshape(5, 4, order='F') + + For records that contain several variables or mixed types (as opposed + to single scalar or array types), give them as separate arguments:: + + double precision :: a + integer :: b + write(1) a, b + + record = f.read_record(' 0, -n and n if n < 0 + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + max number one wants to be able to represent + min : int + minimum number of characters to use for the format + + Returns + ------- + res : IntFormat + IntFormat instance with reasonable (see Notes) computed width + + Notes + ----- + Reasonable should be understood as the minimal string length necessary + without losing precision. For example, IntFormat.from_number(1) will + return an IntFormat instance of width 2, so that any 0 and 1 may be + represented as 1-character strings without loss of information. + """ + width = number_digits(n) + 1 + if n < 0: + width += 1 + repeat = 80 // width + return cls(width, min, repeat=repeat) + + def __init__(self, width, min=None, repeat=None): + self.width = width + self.repeat = repeat + self.min = min + + def __repr__(self): + r = "IntFormat(" + if self.repeat: + r += f"{self.repeat}" + r += f"I{self.width}" + if self.min: + r += f".{self.min}" + return r + ")" + + @property + def fortran_format(self): + r = "(" + if self.repeat: + r += f"{self.repeat}" + r += f"I{self.width}" + if self.min: + r += f".{self.min}" + return r + ")" + + @property + def python_format(self): + return "%" + str(self.width) + "d" + + +class ExpFormat: + @classmethod + def from_number(cls, n, min=None): + """Given a float number, returns a "reasonable" ExpFormat instance to + represent any number between -n and n. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : float + max number one wants to be able to represent + min : int + minimum number of characters to use for the format + + Returns + ------- + res : ExpFormat + ExpFormat instance with reasonable (see Notes) computed width + + Notes + ----- + Reasonable should be understood as the minimal string length necessary + to avoid losing precision. + """ + # len of one number in exp format: sign + 1|0 + "." + + # number of digit for fractional part + 'E' + sign of exponent + + # len of exponent + finfo = np.finfo(n.dtype) + # Number of digits for fractional part + n_prec = finfo.precision + 1 + # Number of digits for exponential part + n_exp = number_digits(np.max(np.abs([finfo.maxexp, finfo.minexp]))) + width = 1 + 1 + n_prec + 1 + n_exp + 1 + if n < 0: + width += 1 + repeat = int(np.floor(80 / width)) + return cls(width, n_prec, min, repeat=repeat) + + def __init__(self, width, significand, min=None, repeat=None): + """\ + Parameters + ---------- + width : int + number of characters taken by the string (includes space). + """ + self.width = width + self.significand = significand + self.repeat = repeat + self.min = min + + def __repr__(self): + r = "ExpFormat(" + if self.repeat: + r += f"{self.repeat}" + r += f"E{self.width}.{self.significand}" + if self.min: + r += f"E{self.min}" + return r + ")" + + @property + def fortran_format(self): + r = "(" + if self.repeat: + r += f"{self.repeat}" + r += f"E{self.width}.{self.significand}" + if self.min: + r += f"E{self.min}" + return r + ")" + + @property + def python_format(self): + return "%" + str(self.width-1) + "." + str(self.significand) + "E" + + +class Token: + def __init__(self, type, value, pos): + self.type = type + self.value = value + self.pos = pos + + def __str__(self): + return f"""Token('{self.type}', "{self.value}")""" + + def __repr__(self): + return self.__str__() + + +class Tokenizer: + def __init__(self): + self.tokens = list(TOKENS.keys()) + self.res = [re.compile(TOKENS[i]) for i in self.tokens] + + def input(self, s): + self.data = s + self.curpos = 0 + self.len = len(s) + + def next_token(self): + curpos = self.curpos + + while curpos < self.len: + for i, r in enumerate(self.res): + m = r.match(self.data, curpos) + if m is None: + continue + else: + self.curpos = m.end() + return Token(self.tokens[i], m.group(), self.curpos) + raise SyntaxError( + f"Unknown character at position {self.curpos} " + f"({self.data[self.curpos]})" + ) + + +# Grammar for fortran format: +# format : LPAR format_string RPAR +# format_string : repeated | simple +# repeated : repeat simple +# simple : int_fmt | exp_fmt +# int_fmt : INT_ID width +# exp_fmt : simple_exp_fmt +# simple_exp_fmt : EXP_ID width DOT significand +# extended_exp_fmt : EXP_ID width DOT significand EXP_ID ndigits +# repeat : INT +# width : INT +# significand : INT +# ndigits : INT + +# Naive fortran formatter - parser is hand-made +class FortranFormatParser: + """Parser for Fortran format strings. The parse method returns a *Format + instance. + + Notes + ----- + Only ExpFormat (exponential format for floating values) and IntFormat + (integer format) for now. + """ + def __init__(self): + self.tokenizer = threading.local() + + def parse(self, s): + if not hasattr(self.tokenizer, 't'): + self.tokenizer.t = Tokenizer() + + self.tokenizer.t.input(s) + + tokens = [] + + try: + while True: + t = self.tokenizer.t.next_token() + if t is None: + break + else: + tokens.append(t) + return self._parse_format(tokens) + except SyntaxError as e: + raise BadFortranFormat(str(e)) from e + + def _get_min(self, tokens): + next = tokens.pop(0) + if not next.type == "DOT": + raise SyntaxError() + next = tokens.pop(0) + return next.value + + def _expect(self, token, tp): + if not token.type == tp: + raise SyntaxError() + + def _parse_format(self, tokens): + if not tokens[0].type == "LPAR": + raise SyntaxError( + f"Expected left parenthesis at position {0} (got '{tokens[0].value}')" + ) + elif not tokens[-1].type == "RPAR": + raise SyntaxError("Expected right parenthesis at position " + f"{len(tokens)} (got '{tokens[-1].value}')") + + tokens = tokens[1:-1] + types = [t.type for t in tokens] + if types[0] == "INT": + repeat = int(tokens.pop(0).value) + else: + repeat = None + + next = tokens.pop(0) + if next.type == "INT_ID": + next = self._next(tokens, "INT") + width = int(next.value) + if tokens: + min = int(self._get_min(tokens)) + else: + min = None + return IntFormat(width, min, repeat) + elif next.type == "EXP_ID": + next = self._next(tokens, "INT") + width = int(next.value) + + next = self._next(tokens, "DOT") + + next = self._next(tokens, "INT") + significand = int(next.value) + + if tokens: + next = self._next(tokens, "EXP_ID") + + next = self._next(tokens, "INT") + min = int(next.value) + else: + min = None + return ExpFormat(width, significand, min, repeat) + else: + raise SyntaxError(f"Invalid formatter type {next.value}") + + def _next(self, tokens, tp): + if not len(tokens) > 0: + raise SyntaxError() + next = tokens.pop(0) + self._expect(next, tp) + return next diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/hb.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/hb.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2b6f6b0a873a91d5042c53bd7c82083f02c268e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/hb.py @@ -0,0 +1,571 @@ +""" +Implementation of Harwell-Boeing read/write. + +At the moment not the full Harwell-Boeing format is supported. Supported +features are: + + - assembled, non-symmetric, real matrices + - integer for pointer/indices + - exponential format for float values, and int format + +""" +# TODO: +# - Add more support (symmetric/complex matrices, non-assembled matrices ?) + +# XXX: reading is reasonably efficient (>= 85 % is in numpy.fromstring), but +# takes a lot of memory. Being faster would require compiled code. +# write is not efficient. Although not a terribly exciting task, +# having reusable facilities to efficiently read/write fortran-formatted files +# would be useful outside this module. + +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from scipy.sparse import csc_array, csc_matrix +from ._fortran_format_parser import FortranFormatParser, IntFormat, ExpFormat + +__all__ = ["hb_read", "hb_write"] + + +class MalformedHeader(Exception): + pass + + +class LineOverflow(Warning): + pass + + +def _nbytes_full(fmt, nlines): + """Return the number of bytes to read to get every full lines for the + given parsed fortran format.""" + return (fmt.repeat * fmt.width + 1) * (nlines - 1) + + +class HBInfo: + @classmethod + def from_data(cls, m, title="Default title", key="0", mxtype=None, fmt=None): + """Create a HBInfo instance from an existing sparse matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + m : sparse array or matrix + the HBInfo instance will derive its parameters from m + title : str + Title to put in the HB header + key : str + Key + mxtype : HBMatrixType + type of the input matrix + fmt : dict + not implemented + + Returns + ------- + hb_info : HBInfo instance + """ + m = m.tocsc(copy=False) + + pointer = m.indptr + indices = m.indices + values = m.data + + nrows, ncols = m.shape + nnon_zeros = m.nnz + + if fmt is None: + # +1 because HB use one-based indexing (Fortran), and we will write + # the indices /pointer as such + pointer_fmt = IntFormat.from_number(np.max(pointer+1)) + indices_fmt = IntFormat.from_number(np.max(indices+1)) + + if values.dtype.kind in np.typecodes["AllFloat"]: + values_fmt = ExpFormat.from_number(-np.max(np.abs(values))) + elif values.dtype.kind in np.typecodes["AllInteger"]: + values_fmt = IntFormat.from_number(-np.max(np.abs(values))) + else: + message = f"type {values.dtype.kind} not implemented yet" + raise NotImplementedError(message) + else: + raise NotImplementedError("fmt argument not supported yet.") + + if mxtype is None: + if not np.isrealobj(values): + raise ValueError("Complex values not supported yet") + if values.dtype.kind in np.typecodes["AllInteger"]: + tp = "integer" + elif values.dtype.kind in np.typecodes["AllFloat"]: + tp = "real" + else: + raise NotImplementedError( + f"type {values.dtype} for values not implemented") + mxtype = HBMatrixType(tp, "unsymmetric", "assembled") + else: + raise ValueError("mxtype argument not handled yet.") + + def _nlines(fmt, size): + nlines = size // fmt.repeat + if nlines * fmt.repeat != size: + nlines += 1 + return nlines + + pointer_nlines = _nlines(pointer_fmt, pointer.size) + indices_nlines = _nlines(indices_fmt, indices.size) + values_nlines = _nlines(values_fmt, values.size) + + total_nlines = pointer_nlines + indices_nlines + values_nlines + + return cls(title, key, + total_nlines, pointer_nlines, indices_nlines, values_nlines, + mxtype, nrows, ncols, nnon_zeros, + pointer_fmt.fortran_format, indices_fmt.fortran_format, + values_fmt.fortran_format) + + @classmethod + def from_file(cls, fid): + """Create a HBInfo instance from a file object containing a matrix in the + HB format. + + Parameters + ---------- + fid : file-like matrix + File or file-like object containing a matrix in the HB format. + + Returns + ------- + hb_info : HBInfo instance + """ + # First line + line = fid.readline().strip("\n") + if not len(line) > 72: + raise ValueError("Expected at least 72 characters for first line, " + f"got: \n{line}") + title = line[:72] + key = line[72:] + + # Second line + line = fid.readline().strip("\n") + if not len(line.rstrip()) >= 56: + raise ValueError("Expected at least 56 characters for second line, " + f"got: \n{line}") + total_nlines = _expect_int(line[:14]) + pointer_nlines = _expect_int(line[14:28]) + indices_nlines = _expect_int(line[28:42]) + values_nlines = _expect_int(line[42:56]) + + rhs_nlines = line[56:72].strip() + if rhs_nlines == '': + rhs_nlines = 0 + else: + rhs_nlines = _expect_int(rhs_nlines) + if not rhs_nlines == 0: + raise ValueError("Only files without right hand side supported for " + "now.") + + # Third line + line = fid.readline().strip("\n") + if not len(line) >= 70: + raise ValueError(f"Expected at least 72 character for third line, " + f"got:\n{line}") + + mxtype_s = line[:3].upper() + if not len(mxtype_s) == 3: + raise ValueError("mxtype expected to be 3 characters long") + + mxtype = HBMatrixType.from_fortran(mxtype_s) + if mxtype.value_type not in ["real", "integer"]: + raise ValueError("Only real or integer matrices supported for " + f"now (detected {mxtype})") + if not mxtype.structure == "unsymmetric": + raise ValueError("Only unsymmetric matrices supported for " + f"now (detected {mxtype})") + if not mxtype.storage == "assembled": + raise ValueError("Only assembled matrices supported for now") + + if not line[3:14] == " " * 11: + raise ValueError(f"Malformed data for third line: {line}") + + nrows = _expect_int(line[14:28]) + ncols = _expect_int(line[28:42]) + nnon_zeros = _expect_int(line[42:56]) + nelementals = _expect_int(line[56:70]) + if not nelementals == 0: + raise ValueError( + f"Unexpected value {nelementals} for nltvl (last entry of line 3)" + ) + + # Fourth line + line = fid.readline().strip("\n") + + ct = line.split() + if not len(ct) == 3: + raise ValueError(f"Expected 3 formats, got {ct}") + + return cls(title, key, + total_nlines, pointer_nlines, indices_nlines, values_nlines, + mxtype, nrows, ncols, nnon_zeros, + ct[0], ct[1], ct[2], + rhs_nlines, nelementals) + + def __init__(self, title, key, + total_nlines, pointer_nlines, indices_nlines, values_nlines, + mxtype, nrows, ncols, nnon_zeros, + pointer_format_str, indices_format_str, values_format_str, + right_hand_sides_nlines=0, nelementals=0): + """Do not use this directly, but the class ctrs (from_* functions).""" + if title is None: + title = "No Title" + if len(title) > 72: + raise ValueError("title cannot be > 72 characters") + + if key is None: + key = "|No Key" + if len(key) > 8: + warnings.warn(f"key is > 8 characters (key is {key})", + LineOverflow, stacklevel=3) + self.title = title + self.key = key + + self.total_nlines = total_nlines + self.pointer_nlines = pointer_nlines + self.indices_nlines = indices_nlines + self.values_nlines = values_nlines + + parser = FortranFormatParser() + pointer_format = parser.parse(pointer_format_str) + if not isinstance(pointer_format, IntFormat): + raise ValueError("Expected int format for pointer format, got " + f"{pointer_format}") + + indices_format = parser.parse(indices_format_str) + if not isinstance(indices_format, IntFormat): + raise ValueError("Expected int format for indices format, got " + f"{indices_format}") + + values_format = parser.parse(values_format_str) + if isinstance(values_format, ExpFormat): + if mxtype.value_type not in ["real", "complex"]: + raise ValueError(f"Inconsistency between matrix type {mxtype} and " + f"value type {values_format}") + values_dtype = np.float64 + elif isinstance(values_format, IntFormat): + if mxtype.value_type not in ["integer"]: + raise ValueError(f"Inconsistency between matrix type {mxtype} and " + f"value type {values_format}") + # XXX: fortran int -> dtype association ? + values_dtype = int + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unsupported format for values {values_format!r}") + + self.pointer_format = pointer_format + self.indices_format = indices_format + self.values_format = values_format + + self.pointer_dtype = np.int32 + self.indices_dtype = np.int32 + self.values_dtype = values_dtype + + self.pointer_nlines = pointer_nlines + self.pointer_nbytes_full = _nbytes_full(pointer_format, pointer_nlines) + + self.indices_nlines = indices_nlines + self.indices_nbytes_full = _nbytes_full(indices_format, indices_nlines) + + self.values_nlines = values_nlines + self.values_nbytes_full = _nbytes_full(values_format, values_nlines) + + self.nrows = nrows + self.ncols = ncols + self.nnon_zeros = nnon_zeros + self.nelementals = nelementals + self.mxtype = mxtype + + def dump(self): + """Gives the header corresponding to this instance as a string.""" + header = [self.title.ljust(72) + self.key.ljust(8)] + + header.append(f"{self.total_nlines:14d}{self.pointer_nlines:14d}{self.indices_nlines:14d}{self.values_nlines:14d}") + header.append(f"{self.mxtype.fortran_format.ljust(14):14s}{self.nrows:14d}{self.ncols:14d}{self.nnon_zeros:14d}{0:14d}") + + pffmt = self.pointer_format.fortran_format + iffmt = self.indices_format.fortran_format + vffmt = self.values_format.fortran_format + header.append(f"{pffmt.ljust(16):16s}{iffmt.ljust(16):16s}{vffmt.ljust(20):20s}") + return "\n".join(header) + + +def _expect_int(value, msg=None): + try: + return int(value) + except ValueError as e: + if msg is None: + msg = "Expected an int, got %s" + raise ValueError(msg % value) from e + + +def _read_hb_data(content, header): + # XXX: look at a way to reduce memory here (big string creation) + ptr_string = "".join([content.read(header.pointer_nbytes_full), + content.readline()]) + ptr = np.fromstring(ptr_string, + dtype=int, sep=' ') + + ind_string = "".join([content.read(header.indices_nbytes_full), + content.readline()]) + ind = np.fromstring(ind_string, + dtype=int, sep=' ') + + val_string = "".join([content.read(header.values_nbytes_full), + content.readline()]) + val = np.fromstring(val_string, + dtype=header.values_dtype, sep=' ') + + return csc_array((val, ind-1, ptr-1), shape=(header.nrows, header.ncols)) + + +def _write_data(m, fid, header): + m = m.tocsc(copy=False) + + def write_array(f, ar, nlines, fmt): + # ar_nlines is the number of full lines, n is the number of items per + # line, ffmt the fortran format + pyfmt = fmt.python_format + pyfmt_full = pyfmt * fmt.repeat + + # for each array to write, we first write the full lines, and special + # case for partial line + full = ar[:(nlines - 1) * fmt.repeat] + for row in full.reshape((nlines-1, fmt.repeat)): + f.write(pyfmt_full % tuple(row) + "\n") + nremain = ar.size - full.size + if nremain > 0: + f.write((pyfmt * nremain) % tuple(ar[ar.size - nremain:]) + "\n") + + fid.write(header.dump()) + fid.write("\n") + # +1 is for Fortran one-based indexing + write_array(fid, m.indptr+1, header.pointer_nlines, + header.pointer_format) + write_array(fid, m.indices+1, header.indices_nlines, + header.indices_format) + write_array(fid, m.data, header.values_nlines, + header.values_format) + + +class HBMatrixType: + """Class to hold the matrix type.""" + # q2f* translates qualified names to Fortran character + _q2f_type = { + "real": "R", + "complex": "C", + "pattern": "P", + "integer": "I", + } + _q2f_structure = { + "symmetric": "S", + "unsymmetric": "U", + "hermitian": "H", + "skewsymmetric": "Z", + "rectangular": "R" + } + _q2f_storage = { + "assembled": "A", + "elemental": "E", + } + + _f2q_type = {j: i for i, j in _q2f_type.items()} + _f2q_structure = {j: i for i, j in _q2f_structure.items()} + _f2q_storage = {j: i for i, j in _q2f_storage.items()} + + @classmethod + def from_fortran(cls, fmt): + if not len(fmt) == 3: + raise ValueError("Fortran format for matrix type should be 3 " + "characters long") + try: + value_type = cls._f2q_type[fmt[0]] + structure = cls._f2q_structure[fmt[1]] + storage = cls._f2q_storage[fmt[2]] + return cls(value_type, structure, storage) + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized format {fmt}") from e + + def __init__(self, value_type, structure, storage="assembled"): + self.value_type = value_type + self.structure = structure + self.storage = storage + + if value_type not in self._q2f_type: + raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized type {value_type}") + if structure not in self._q2f_structure: + raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized structure {structure}") + if storage not in self._q2f_storage: + raise ValueError(f"Unrecognized storage {storage}") + + @property + def fortran_format(self): + return self._q2f_type[self.value_type] + \ + self._q2f_structure[self.structure] + \ + self._q2f_storage[self.storage] + + def __repr__(self): + return f"HBMatrixType({self.value_type}, {self.structure}, {self.storage})" + + +class HBFile: + def __init__(self, file, hb_info=None): + """Create a HBFile instance. + + Parameters + ---------- + file : file-object + StringIO work as well + hb_info : HBInfo, optional + Should be given as an argument for writing, in which case the file + should be writable. + """ + self._fid = file + if hb_info is None: + self._hb_info = HBInfo.from_file(file) + else: + #raise OSError("file %s is not writable, and hb_info " + # "was given." % file) + self._hb_info = hb_info + + @property + def title(self): + return self._hb_info.title + + @property + def key(self): + return self._hb_info.key + + @property + def type(self): + return self._hb_info.mxtype.value_type + + @property + def structure(self): + return self._hb_info.mxtype.structure + + @property + def storage(self): + return self._hb_info.mxtype.storage + + def read_matrix(self): + return _read_hb_data(self._fid, self._hb_info) + + def write_matrix(self, m): + return _write_data(m, self._fid, self._hb_info) + + +def hb_read(path_or_open_file, *, spmatrix=True): + """Read HB-format file. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_open_file : path-like or file-like + If a file-like object, it is used as-is. Otherwise, it is opened + before reading. + spmatrix : bool, optional (default: True) + If ``True``, return sparse matrix. Otherwise return sparse array. + + Returns + ------- + data : csc_array or csc_matrix + The data read from the HB file as a sparse array. + + Notes + ----- + At the moment not the full Harwell-Boeing format is supported. Supported + features are: + + - assembled, non-symmetric, real matrices + - integer for pointer/indices + - exponential format for float values, and int format + + Examples + -------- + We can read and write a harwell-boeing format file: + + >>> from scipy.io import hb_read, hb_write + >>> from scipy.sparse import csr_array, eye + >>> data = csr_array(eye(3)) # create a sparse array + >>> hb_write("data.hb", data) # write a hb file + >>> print(hb_read("data.hb", spmatrix=False)) # read a hb file + + Coords Values + (0, 0) 1.0 + (1, 1) 1.0 + (2, 2) 1.0 + """ + def _get_matrix(fid): + hb = HBFile(fid) + return hb.read_matrix() + + if hasattr(path_or_open_file, 'read'): + data = _get_matrix(path_or_open_file) + else: + with open(path_or_open_file) as f: + data = _get_matrix(f) + if spmatrix: + return csc_matrix(data) + return data + + +def hb_write(path_or_open_file, m, hb_info=None): + """Write HB-format file. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_open_file : path-like or file-like + If a file-like object, it is used as-is. Otherwise, it is opened + before writing. + m : sparse array or matrix + the sparse array to write + hb_info : HBInfo + contains the meta-data for write + + Returns + ------- + None + + Notes + ----- + At the moment not the full Harwell-Boeing format is supported. Supported + features are: + + - assembled, non-symmetric, real matrices + - integer for pointer/indices + - exponential format for float values, and int format + + Examples + -------- + We can read and write a harwell-boeing format file: + + >>> from scipy.io import hb_read, hb_write + >>> from scipy.sparse import csr_array, eye + >>> data = csr_array(eye(3)) # create a sparse array + >>> hb_write("data.hb", data) # write a hb file + >>> print(hb_read("data.hb", spmatrix=False)) # read a hb file + + Coords Values + (0, 0) 1.0 + (1, 1) 1.0 + (2, 2) 1.0 + """ + m = m.tocsc(copy=False) + + if hb_info is None: + hb_info = HBInfo.from_data(m) + + def _set_matrix(fid): + hb = HBFile(fid, hb_info) + return hb.write_matrix(m) + + if hasattr(path_or_open_file, 'write'): + return _set_matrix(path_or_open_file) + else: + with open(path_or_open_file, 'w') as f: + return _set_matrix(f) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/.___init__.py 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a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_fortran_format.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_fortran_format.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dae040c523d6a6d618e89402d39a0cb05bad927a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_fortran_format.py @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_equal +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.io._harwell_boeing._fortran_format_parser import ( + FortranFormatParser, IntFormat, ExpFormat, BadFortranFormat) + + +class TestFortranFormatParser: + def setup_method(self): + self.parser = FortranFormatParser() + + def _test_equal(self, format, ref): + ret = self.parser.parse(format) + assert_equal(ret.__dict__, ref.__dict__) + + def test_simple_int(self): + self._test_equal("(I4)", IntFormat(4)) + + def test_simple_repeated_int(self): + self._test_equal("(3I4)", IntFormat(4, repeat=3)) + + def test_simple_exp(self): + self._test_equal("(E4.3)", ExpFormat(4, 3)) + + def test_exp_exp(self): + self._test_equal("(E8.3E3)", ExpFormat(8, 3, 3)) + + def test_repeat_exp(self): + self._test_equal("(2E4.3)", ExpFormat(4, 3, repeat=2)) + + def test_repeat_exp_exp(self): + self._test_equal("(2E8.3E3)", ExpFormat(8, 3, 3, repeat=2)) + + def test_wrong_formats(self): + def _test_invalid(bad_format): + assert_raises(BadFortranFormat, lambda: self.parser.parse(bad_format)) + _test_invalid("I4") + _test_invalid("(E4)") + _test_invalid("(E4.)") + _test_invalid("(E4.E3)") + + +class TestIntFormat: + def test_to_fortran(self): + f = [IntFormat(10), IntFormat(12, 10), IntFormat(12, 10, 3)] + res = ["(I10)", "(I12.10)", "(3I12.10)"] + + for i, j in zip(f, res): + assert_equal(i.fortran_format, j) + + def test_from_number(self): + f = [10, -12, 123456789] + r_f = [IntFormat(3, repeat=26), IntFormat(4, repeat=20), + IntFormat(10, repeat=8)] + for i, j in zip(f, r_f): + assert_equal(IntFormat.from_number(i).__dict__, j.__dict__) + + +class TestExpFormat: + def test_to_fortran(self): + f = [ExpFormat(10, 5), ExpFormat(12, 10), ExpFormat(12, 10, min=3), + ExpFormat(10, 5, repeat=3)] + res = ["(E10.5)", "(E12.10)", "(E12.10E3)", "(3E10.5)"] + + for i, j in zip(f, res): + assert_equal(i.fortran_format, j) + + def test_from_number(self): + f = np.array([1.0, -1.2]) + r_f = [ExpFormat(24, 16, repeat=3), ExpFormat(25, 16, repeat=3)] + for i, j in zip(f, r_f): + assert_equal(ExpFormat.from_number(i).__dict__, j.__dict__) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_hb.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_hb.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d0c9ee5635fdd45c0f6560e686c9e40176ef95e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_harwell_boeing/tests/test_hb.py @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +from io import StringIO +import tempfile + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_equal, \ + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp + +from scipy.sparse import coo_array, csc_array, random_array, isspmatrix + +from scipy.io import hb_read, hb_write + + +SIMPLE = """\ +No Title |No Key + 9 4 1 4 +RUA 100 100 10 0 +(26I3) (26I3) (3E23.15) +1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 +3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 +3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 9 9 9 9 +9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 11 +37 71 89 18 30 45 70 19 25 52 +2.971243799687726e-01 3.662366682877375e-01 4.786962174699534e-01 +6.490068647991184e-01 6.617490424831662e-02 8.870370343191623e-01 +4.196478590163001e-01 5.649603072111251e-01 9.934423887087086e-01 +6.912334991524289e-01 +""" + +SIMPLE_MATRIX = coo_array( + ((0.297124379969, 0.366236668288, 0.47869621747, 0.649006864799, + 0.0661749042483, 0.887037034319, 0.419647859016, + 0.564960307211, 0.993442388709, 0.691233499152,), + (np.array([[36, 70, 88, 17, 29, 44, 69, 18, 24, 51], + [0, 4, 58, 61, 61, 72, 72, 73, 99, 99]])))) + + +def assert_csc_almost_equal(r, l): + r = csc_array(r) + l = csc_array(l) + assert_equal(r.indptr, l.indptr) + assert_equal(r.indices, l.indices) + assert_array_almost_equal_nulp(r.data, l.data, 10000) + + +class TestHBReader: + def test_simple(self): + m = hb_read(StringIO(SIMPLE), spmatrix=False) + assert_csc_almost_equal(m, SIMPLE_MATRIX) + assert not isspmatrix(m) + m = hb_read(StringIO(SIMPLE), spmatrix=True) + assert isspmatrix(m) + m = hb_read(StringIO(SIMPLE)) # default + assert isspmatrix(m) + + +class TestHBReadWrite: + + def check_save_load(self, value): + with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+t') as file: + hb_write(file, value) + file.file.seek(0) + value_loaded = hb_read(file, spmatrix=False) + assert_csc_almost_equal(value, value_loaded) + + def test_simple(self): + random_arr = random_array((10, 100), density=0.1) + for format in ('coo', 'csc', 'csr', 'bsr', 'dia', 'dok', 'lil'): + arr = random_arr.asformat(format, copy=False) + self.check_save_load(arr) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_idl.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_idl.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d41cb35ef6675fb237c03ccbc4308bef286c9ea2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_idl.py @@ -0,0 +1,917 @@ +# IDLSave - a python module to read IDL 'save' files +# Copyright (c) 2010 Thomas P. Robitaille + +# Many thanks to Craig Markwardt for publishing the Unofficial Format +# Specification for IDL .sav files, without which this Python module would not +# exist (http://cow.physics.wisc.edu/~craigm/idl/savefmt). + +# This code was developed by with permission from ITT Visual Information +# Systems. IDL(r) is a registered trademark of ITT Visual Information Systems, +# Inc. for their Interactive Data Language software. + +# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a +# copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), +# to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation +# the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, +# and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the +# Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in +# all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING +# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER +# DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. + +__all__ = ['readsav'] + +import struct +import numpy as np +import tempfile +import zlib +import warnings + +# Define the different data types that can be found in an IDL save file +DTYPE_DICT = {1: '>u1', + 2: '>i2', + 3: '>i4', + 4: '>f4', + 5: '>f8', + 6: '>c8', + 7: '|O', + 8: '|O', + 9: '>c16', + 10: '|O', + 11: '|O', + 12: '>u2', + 13: '>u4', + 14: '>i8', + 15: '>u8'} + +# Define the different record types that can be found in an IDL save file +RECTYPE_DICT = {0: "START_MARKER", + 1: "COMMON_VARIABLE", + 2: "VARIABLE", + 3: "SYSTEM_VARIABLE", + 6: "END_MARKER", + 10: "TIMESTAMP", + 12: "COMPILED", + 13: "IDENTIFICATION", + 14: "VERSION", + 15: "HEAP_HEADER", + 16: "HEAP_DATA", + 17: "PROMOTE64", + 19: "NOTICE", + 20: "DESCRIPTION"} + +# Define a dictionary to contain structure definitions +STRUCT_DICT = {} + + +def _align_32(f): + '''Align to the next 32-bit position in a file''' + + pos = f.tell() + if pos % 4 != 0: + f.seek(pos + 4 - pos % 4) + return + + +def _skip_bytes(f, n): + '''Skip `n` bytes''' + f.read(n) + return + + +def _read_bytes(f, n): + '''Read the next `n` bytes''' + return f.read(n) + + +def _read_byte(f): + '''Read a single byte''' + return np.uint8(struct.unpack('>B', f.read(4)[:1])[0]) + + +def _read_long(f): + '''Read a signed 32-bit integer''' + return np.int32(struct.unpack('>l', f.read(4))[0]) + + +def _read_int16(f): + '''Read a signed 16-bit integer''' + return np.int16(struct.unpack('>h', f.read(4)[2:4])[0]) + + +def _read_int32(f): + '''Read a signed 32-bit integer''' + return np.int32(struct.unpack('>i', f.read(4))[0]) + + +def _read_int64(f): + '''Read a signed 64-bit integer''' + return np.int64(struct.unpack('>q', f.read(8))[0]) + + +def _read_uint16(f): + '''Read an unsigned 16-bit integer''' + return np.uint16(struct.unpack('>H', f.read(4)[2:4])[0]) + + +def _read_uint32(f): + '''Read an unsigned 32-bit integer''' + return np.uint32(struct.unpack('>I', f.read(4))[0]) + + +def _read_uint64(f): + '''Read an unsigned 64-bit integer''' + return np.uint64(struct.unpack('>Q', f.read(8))[0]) + + +def _read_float32(f): + '''Read a 32-bit float''' + return np.float32(struct.unpack('>f', f.read(4))[0]) + + +def _read_float64(f): + '''Read a 64-bit float''' + return np.float64(struct.unpack('>d', f.read(8))[0]) + + +class Pointer: + '''Class used to define pointers''' + + def __init__(self, index): + self.index = index + return + + +class ObjectPointer(Pointer): + '''Class used to define object pointers''' + pass + + +def _read_string(f): + '''Read a string''' + length = _read_long(f) + if length > 0: + chars = _read_bytes(f, length).decode('latin1') + _align_32(f) + else: + chars = '' + return chars + + +def _read_string_data(f): + '''Read a data string (length is specified twice)''' + length = _read_long(f) + if length > 0: + length = _read_long(f) + string_data = _read_bytes(f, length) + _align_32(f) + else: + string_data = '' + return string_data + + +def _read_data(f, dtype): + '''Read a variable with a specified data type''' + if dtype == 1: + if _read_int32(f) != 1: + raise Exception("Error occurred while reading byte variable") + return _read_byte(f) + elif dtype == 2: + return _read_int16(f) + elif dtype == 3: + return _read_int32(f) + elif dtype == 4: + return _read_float32(f) + elif dtype == 5: + return _read_float64(f) + elif dtype == 6: + real = _read_float32(f) + imag = _read_float32(f) + return np.complex64(real + imag * 1j) + elif dtype == 7: + return _read_string_data(f) + elif dtype == 8: + raise Exception("Should not be here - please report this") + elif dtype == 9: + real = _read_float64(f) + imag = _read_float64(f) + return np.complex128(real + imag * 1j) + elif dtype == 10: + return Pointer(_read_int32(f)) + elif dtype == 11: + return ObjectPointer(_read_int32(f)) + elif dtype == 12: + return _read_uint16(f) + elif dtype == 13: + return _read_uint32(f) + elif dtype == 14: + return _read_int64(f) + elif dtype == 15: + return _read_uint64(f) + else: + raise Exception(f"Unknown IDL type: {dtype} - please report this") + + +def _read_structure(f, array_desc, struct_desc): + ''' + Read a structure, with the array and structure descriptors given as + `array_desc` and `structure_desc` respectively. + ''' + + nrows = array_desc['nelements'] + columns = struct_desc['tagtable'] + + dtype = [] + for col in columns: + if col['structure'] or col['array']: + dtype.append(((col['name'].lower(), col['name']), np.object_)) + else: + if col['typecode'] in DTYPE_DICT: + dtype.append(((col['name'].lower(), col['name']), + DTYPE_DICT[col['typecode']])) + else: + raise Exception(f"Variable type {col['typecode']} not implemented") + + structure = np.rec.recarray((nrows, ), dtype=dtype) + + for i in range(nrows): + for col in columns: + dtype = col['typecode'] + if col['structure']: + structure[col['name']][i] = _read_structure(f, + struct_desc['arrtable'][col['name']], + struct_desc['structtable'][col['name']]) + elif col['array']: + structure[col['name']][i] = _read_array(f, dtype, + struct_desc['arrtable'][col['name']]) + else: + structure[col['name']][i] = _read_data(f, dtype) + + # Reshape structure if needed + if array_desc['ndims'] > 1: + dims = array_desc['dims'][:int(array_desc['ndims'])] + dims.reverse() + structure = structure.reshape(dims) + + return structure + + +def _read_array(f, typecode, array_desc): + ''' + Read an array of type `typecode`, with the array descriptor given as + `array_desc`. + ''' + + if typecode in [1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 13, 14, 15]: + + if typecode == 1: + nbytes = _read_int32(f) + if nbytes != array_desc['nbytes']: + warnings.warn("Not able to verify number of bytes from header", + stacklevel=3) + + # Read bytes as numpy array + array = np.frombuffer(f.read(array_desc['nbytes']), + dtype=DTYPE_DICT[typecode]) + + elif typecode in [2, 12]: + + # These are 2 byte types, need to skip every two as they are not packed + + array = np.frombuffer(f.read(array_desc['nbytes']*2), + dtype=DTYPE_DICT[typecode])[1::2] + + else: + + # Read bytes into list + array = [] + for i in range(array_desc['nelements']): + dtype = typecode + data = _read_data(f, dtype) + array.append(data) + + array = np.array(array, dtype=np.object_) + + # Reshape array if needed + if array_desc['ndims'] > 1: + dims = array_desc['dims'][:int(array_desc['ndims'])] + dims.reverse() + array = array.reshape(dims) + + # Go to next alignment position + _align_32(f) + + return array + + +def _read_record(f): + '''Function to read in a full record''' + + record = {'rectype': _read_long(f)} + + nextrec = _read_uint32(f) + nextrec += _read_uint32(f).astype(np.int64) * 2**32 + + _skip_bytes(f, 4) + + if record['rectype'] not in RECTYPE_DICT: + raise Exception(f"Unknown RECTYPE: {record['rectype']}") + + record['rectype'] = RECTYPE_DICT[record['rectype']] + + if record['rectype'] in ["VARIABLE", "HEAP_DATA"]: + + if record['rectype'] == "VARIABLE": + record['varname'] = _read_string(f) + else: + record['heap_index'] = _read_long(f) + _skip_bytes(f, 4) + + rectypedesc = _read_typedesc(f) + + if rectypedesc['typecode'] == 0: + + if nextrec == f.tell(): + record['data'] = None # Indicates NULL value + else: + raise ValueError("Unexpected type code: 0") + + else: + + varstart = _read_long(f) + if varstart != 7: + raise Exception("VARSTART is not 7") + + if rectypedesc['structure']: + record['data'] = _read_structure(f, rectypedesc['array_desc'], + rectypedesc['struct_desc']) + elif rectypedesc['array']: + record['data'] = _read_array(f, rectypedesc['typecode'], + rectypedesc['array_desc']) + else: + dtype = rectypedesc['typecode'] + record['data'] = _read_data(f, dtype) + + elif record['rectype'] == "TIMESTAMP": + + _skip_bytes(f, 4*256) + record['date'] = _read_string(f) + record['user'] = _read_string(f) + record['host'] = _read_string(f) + + elif record['rectype'] == "VERSION": + + record['format'] = _read_long(f) + record['arch'] = _read_string(f) + record['os'] = _read_string(f) + record['release'] = _read_string(f) + + elif record['rectype'] == "IDENTIFICATON": + + record['author'] = _read_string(f) + record['title'] = _read_string(f) + record['idcode'] = _read_string(f) + + elif record['rectype'] == "NOTICE": + + record['notice'] = _read_string(f) + + elif record['rectype'] == "DESCRIPTION": + + record['description'] = _read_string_data(f) + + elif record['rectype'] == "HEAP_HEADER": + + record['nvalues'] = _read_long(f) + record['indices'] = [_read_long(f) for _ in range(record['nvalues'])] + + elif record['rectype'] == "COMMONBLOCK": + + record['nvars'] = _read_long(f) + record['name'] = _read_string(f) + record['varnames'] = [_read_string(f) for _ in range(record['nvars'])] + + elif record['rectype'] == "END_MARKER": + + record['end'] = True + + elif record['rectype'] == "UNKNOWN": + + warnings.warn("Skipping UNKNOWN record", stacklevel=3) + + elif record['rectype'] == "SYSTEM_VARIABLE": + + warnings.warn("Skipping SYSTEM_VARIABLE record", stacklevel=3) + + else: + + raise Exception(f"record['rectype']={record['rectype']} not implemented") + + f.seek(nextrec) + + return record + + +def _read_typedesc(f): + '''Function to read in a type descriptor''' + + typedesc = {'typecode': _read_long(f), 'varflags': _read_long(f)} + + if typedesc['varflags'] & 2 == 2: + raise Exception("System variables not implemented") + + typedesc['array'] = typedesc['varflags'] & 4 == 4 + typedesc['structure'] = typedesc['varflags'] & 32 == 32 + + if typedesc['structure']: + typedesc['array_desc'] = _read_arraydesc(f) + typedesc['struct_desc'] = _read_structdesc(f) + elif typedesc['array']: + typedesc['array_desc'] = _read_arraydesc(f) + + return typedesc + + +def _read_arraydesc(f): + '''Function to read in an array descriptor''' + + arraydesc = {'arrstart': _read_long(f)} + + if arraydesc['arrstart'] == 8: + + _skip_bytes(f, 4) + + arraydesc['nbytes'] = _read_long(f) + arraydesc['nelements'] = _read_long(f) + arraydesc['ndims'] = _read_long(f) + + _skip_bytes(f, 8) + + arraydesc['nmax'] = _read_long(f) + + arraydesc['dims'] = [_read_long(f) for _ in range(arraydesc['nmax'])] + + elif arraydesc['arrstart'] == 18: + + warnings.warn("Using experimental 64-bit array read", stacklevel=3) + + _skip_bytes(f, 8) + + arraydesc['nbytes'] = _read_uint64(f) + arraydesc['nelements'] = _read_uint64(f) + arraydesc['ndims'] = _read_long(f) + + _skip_bytes(f, 8) + + arraydesc['nmax'] = 8 + + arraydesc['dims'] = [] + for d in range(arraydesc['nmax']): + v = _read_long(f) + if v != 0: + raise Exception("Expected a zero in ARRAY_DESC") + arraydesc['dims'].append(_read_long(f)) + + else: + raise Exception(f"Unknown ARRSTART: {arraydesc['arrstart']}") + + return arraydesc + + +def _read_structdesc(f): + '''Function to read in a structure descriptor''' + + structdesc = {} + + structstart = _read_long(f) + if structstart != 9: + raise Exception("STRUCTSTART should be 9") + + structdesc['name'] = _read_string(f) + predef = _read_long(f) + structdesc['ntags'] = _read_long(f) + structdesc['nbytes'] = _read_long(f) + + structdesc['predef'] = predef & 1 + structdesc['inherits'] = predef & 2 + structdesc['is_super'] = predef & 4 + + if not structdesc['predef']: + + structdesc['tagtable'] = [_read_tagdesc(f) + for _ in range(structdesc['ntags'])] + + for tag in structdesc['tagtable']: + tag['name'] = _read_string(f) + + structdesc['arrtable'] = {tag['name']: _read_arraydesc(f) + for tag in structdesc['tagtable'] + if tag['array']} + + structdesc['structtable'] = {tag['name']: _read_structdesc(f) + for tag in structdesc['tagtable'] + if tag['structure']} + + if structdesc['inherits'] or structdesc['is_super']: + structdesc['classname'] = _read_string(f) + structdesc['nsupclasses'] = _read_long(f) + structdesc['supclassnames'] = [ + _read_string(f) for _ in range(structdesc['nsupclasses'])] + structdesc['supclasstable'] = [ + _read_structdesc(f) for _ in range(structdesc['nsupclasses'])] + + STRUCT_DICT[structdesc['name']] = structdesc + + else: + + if structdesc['name'] not in STRUCT_DICT: + raise Exception("PREDEF=1 but can't find definition") + + structdesc = STRUCT_DICT[structdesc['name']] + + return structdesc + + +def _read_tagdesc(f): + '''Function to read in a tag descriptor''' + + tagdesc = {'offset': _read_long(f)} + + if tagdesc['offset'] == -1: + tagdesc['offset'] = _read_uint64(f) + + tagdesc['typecode'] = _read_long(f) + tagflags = _read_long(f) + + tagdesc['array'] = tagflags & 4 == 4 + tagdesc['structure'] = tagflags & 32 == 32 + tagdesc['scalar'] = tagdesc['typecode'] in DTYPE_DICT + # Assume '10'x is scalar + + return tagdesc + + +def _replace_heap(variable, heap): + + if isinstance(variable, Pointer): + + while isinstance(variable, Pointer): + + if variable.index == 0: + variable = None + else: + if variable.index in heap: + variable = heap[variable.index] + else: + warnings.warn("Variable referenced by pointer not found " + "in heap: variable will be set to None", + stacklevel=3) + variable = None + + replace, new = _replace_heap(variable, heap) + + if replace: + variable = new + + return True, variable + + elif isinstance(variable, np.rec.recarray): + + # Loop over records + for ir, record in enumerate(variable): + + replace, new = _replace_heap(record, heap) + + if replace: + variable[ir] = new + + return False, variable + + elif isinstance(variable, np.record): + + # Loop over values + for iv, value in enumerate(variable): + + replace, new = _replace_heap(value, heap) + + if replace: + variable[iv] = new + + return False, variable + + elif isinstance(variable, np.ndarray): + + # Loop over values if type is np.object_ + if variable.dtype.type is np.object_: + + for iv in range(variable.size): + + replace, new = _replace_heap(variable.item(iv), heap) + + if replace: + variable.reshape(-1)[iv] = new + + return False, variable + + else: + + return False, variable + + +class AttrDict(dict): + ''' + A case-insensitive dictionary with access via item, attribute, and call + notations: + + >>> from scipy.io._idl import AttrDict + >>> d = AttrDict() + >>> d['Variable'] = 123 + >>> d['Variable'] + 123 + >>> d.Variable + 123 + >>> d.variable + 123 + >>> d('VARIABLE') + 123 + >>> d['missing'] + Traceback (most recent error last): + ... + KeyError: 'missing' + >>> d.missing + Traceback (most recent error last): + ... + AttributeError: 'AttrDict' object has no attribute 'missing' + ''' + + def __init__(self, init=None): + if init is None: + init = {} + dict.__init__(self, init) + + def __getitem__(self, name): + return super().__getitem__(name.lower()) + + def __setitem__(self, key, value): + return super().__setitem__(key.lower(), value) + + def __getattr__(self, name): + try: + return self.__getitem__(name) + except KeyError: + raise AttributeError( + f"'{type(self)}' object has no attribute '{name}'") from None + + __setattr__ = __setitem__ + __call__ = __getitem__ + + +def readsav(file_name, idict=None, python_dict=False, + uncompressed_file_name=None, verbose=False): + """ + Read an IDL .sav file. + + Parameters + ---------- + file_name : str + Name of the IDL save file. + idict : dict, optional + Dictionary in which to insert .sav file variables. + python_dict : bool, optional + By default, the object return is not a Python dictionary, but a + case-insensitive dictionary with item, attribute, and call access + to variables. To get a standard Python dictionary, set this option + to True. + uncompressed_file_name : str, optional + This option only has an effect for .sav files written with the + /compress option. If a file name is specified, compressed .sav + files are uncompressed to this file. Otherwise, readsav will use + the `tempfile` module to determine a temporary filename + automatically, and will remove the temporary file upon successfully + reading it in. + verbose : bool, optional + Whether to print out information about the save file, including + the records read, and available variables. + + Returns + ------- + idl_dict : AttrDict or dict + If `python_dict` is set to False (default), this function returns a + case-insensitive dictionary with item, attribute, and call access + to variables. If `python_dict` is set to True, this function + returns a Python dictionary with all variable names in lowercase. + If `idict` was specified, then variables are written to the + dictionary specified, and the updated dictionary is returned. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from os.path import dirname, join as pjoin + >>> import scipy.io as sio + >>> from scipy.io import readsav + + Get the filename for an example .sav file from the tests/data directory. + + >>> data_dir = pjoin(dirname(sio.__file__), 'tests', 'data') + >>> sav_fname = pjoin(data_dir, 'array_float32_1d.sav') + + Load the .sav file contents. + + >>> sav_data = readsav(sav_fname) + + Get keys of the .sav file contents. + + >>> print(sav_data.keys()) + dict_keys(['array1d']) + + Access a content with a key. + + >>> print(sav_data['array1d']) + [0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. + 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. + 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. + 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. + 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. + 0. 0. 0.] + + """ + + # Initialize record and variable holders + records = [] + if python_dict or idict: + variables = {} + else: + variables = AttrDict() + + # Open the IDL file + f = open(file_name, 'rb') + + # Read the signature, which should be 'SR' + signature = _read_bytes(f, 2) + if signature != b'SR': + raise Exception(f"Invalid SIGNATURE: {signature}") + + # Next, the record format, which is '\x00\x04' for normal .sav + # files, and '\x00\x06' for compressed .sav files. + recfmt = _read_bytes(f, 2) + + if recfmt == b'\x00\x04': + pass + + elif recfmt == b'\x00\x06': + + if verbose: + print("IDL Save file is compressed") + + if uncompressed_file_name: + fout = open(uncompressed_file_name, 'w+b') + else: + fout = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.sav') + + if verbose: + print(f" -> expanding to {fout.name}") + + # Write header + fout.write(b'SR\x00\x04') + + # Cycle through records + while True: + + # Read record type + rectype = _read_long(f) + fout.write(struct.pack('>l', int(rectype))) + + # Read position of next record and return as int + nextrec = _read_uint32(f) + nextrec += _read_uint32(f).astype(np.int64) * 2**32 + + # Read the unknown 4 bytes + unknown = f.read(4) + + # Check if the end of the file has been reached + if RECTYPE_DICT[rectype] == 'END_MARKER': + modval = np.int64(2**32) + fout.write(struct.pack('>I', int(nextrec) % modval)) + fout.write( + struct.pack('>I', int((nextrec - (nextrec % modval)) / modval)) + ) + fout.write(unknown) + break + + # Find current position + pos = f.tell() + + # Decompress record + rec_string = zlib.decompress(f.read(nextrec-pos)) + + # Find new position of next record + nextrec = fout.tell() + len(rec_string) + 12 + + # Write out record + fout.write(struct.pack('>I', int(nextrec % 2**32))) + fout.write(struct.pack('>I', int((nextrec - (nextrec % 2**32)) / 2**32))) + fout.write(unknown) + fout.write(rec_string) + + # Close the original compressed file + f.close() + + # Set f to be the decompressed file, and skip the first four bytes + f = fout + f.seek(4) + + else: + raise Exception(f"Invalid RECFMT: {recfmt}") + + # Loop through records, and add them to the list + while True: + r = _read_record(f) + records.append(r) + if 'end' in r: + if r['end']: + break + + # Close the file + f.close() + + # Find heap data variables + heap = {} + for r in records: + if r['rectype'] == "HEAP_DATA": + heap[r['heap_index']] = r['data'] + + # Find all variables + for r in records: + if r['rectype'] == "VARIABLE": + replace, new = _replace_heap(r['data'], heap) + if replace: + r['data'] = new + variables[r['varname'].lower()] = r['data'] + + if verbose: + + # Print out timestamp info about the file + for record in records: + if record['rectype'] == "TIMESTAMP": + print("-"*50) + print(f"Date: {record['date']}") + print(f"User: {record['user']}") + print(f"Host: {record['host']}") + break + + # Print out version info about the file + for record in records: + if record['rectype'] == "VERSION": + print("-"*50) + print(f"Format: {record['format']}") + print(f"Architecture: {record['arch']}") + print(f"Operating System: {record['os']}") + print(f"IDL Version: {record['release']}") + break + + # Print out identification info about the file + for record in records: + if record['rectype'] == "IDENTIFICATON": + print("-"*50) + print(f"Author: {record['author']}") + print(f"Title: {record['title']}") + print(f"ID Code: {record['idcode']}") + break + + # Print out descriptions saved with the file + for record in records: + if record['rectype'] == "DESCRIPTION": + print("-"*50) + print(f"Description: {record['description']}") + break + + print("-"*50) + print(f"Successfully read {len(records)} records of which:") + + # Create convenience list of record types + rectypes = [r['rectype'] for r in records] + + for rt in set(rectypes): + if rt != 'END_MARKER': + print(f" - {rectypes.count(rt)} are of type {rt}") + print("-"*50) + + if 'VARIABLE' in rectypes: + print("Available variables:") + for var in variables: + print(f" - {var} [{type(variables[var])}]") + print("-"*50) + + if idict: + for var in variables: + idict[var] = variables[var] + return idict + else: + return variables diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_mmio.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_mmio.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13ab5a225a27ddda584cbaf32c80d4edffd2f39c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_mmio.py @@ -0,0 +1,968 @@ +""" + Matrix Market I/O in Python. + See http://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/formats.html + for information about the Matrix Market format. +""" +# +# Author: Pearu Peterson +# Created: October, 2004 +# +# References: +# http://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/ +# +import os + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (asarray, real, imag, conj, zeros, ndarray, concatenate, + ones, can_cast) + +from scipy.sparse import coo_array, issparse, coo_matrix + +__all__ = ['mminfo', 'mmread', 'mmwrite', 'MMFile'] + + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +def asstr(s): + if isinstance(s, bytes): + return s.decode('latin1') + return str(s) + + +def mminfo(source): + """ + Return size and storage parameters from Matrix Market file-like 'source'. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object + + Returns + ------- + rows : int + Number of matrix rows. + cols : int + Number of matrix columns. + entries : int + Number of non-zero entries of a sparse matrix + or rows*cols for a dense matrix. + format : str + Either 'coordinate' or 'array'. + field : str + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + symmetry : str + Either 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> from scipy.io import mminfo + + >>> text = '''%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + ... 5 5 7 + ... 2 3 1.0 + ... 3 4 2.0 + ... 3 5 3.0 + ... 4 1 4.0 + ... 4 2 5.0 + ... 4 3 6.0 + ... 4 4 7.0 + ... ''' + + + ``mminfo(source)`` returns the number of rows, number of columns, + format, field type and symmetry attribute of the source file. + + >>> mminfo(StringIO(text)) + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general') + """ + return MMFile.info(source) + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def mmread(source, *, spmatrix=True): + """ + Reads the contents of a Matrix Market file-like 'source' into a matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extensions .mtx, .mtz.gz) + or open file-like object. + spmatrix : bool, optional (default: True) + If ``True``, return sparse matrix. Otherwise return sparse array. + + Returns + ------- + a : ndarray or coo_array or coo_matrix + Dense or sparse array depending on the matrix format in the + Matrix Market file. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> from scipy.io import mmread + + >>> text = '''%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + ... 5 5 7 + ... 2 3 1.0 + ... 3 4 2.0 + ... 3 5 3.0 + ... 4 1 4.0 + ... 4 2 5.0 + ... 4 3 6.0 + ... 4 4 7.0 + ... ''' + + ``mmread(source)`` returns the data as sparse matrix in COO format. + + >>> m = mmread(StringIO(text), spmatrix=False) + >>> m + + >>> m.toarray() + array([[0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 1., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 2., 3.], + [4., 5., 6., 7., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.]]) + """ + return MMFile().read(source, spmatrix=spmatrix) + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def mmwrite(target, a, comment='', field=None, precision=None, symmetry=None): + r""" + Writes the sparse or dense array `a` to Matrix Market file-like `target`. + + Parameters + ---------- + target : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object. + a : array like + Sparse or dense 2-D array. + comment : str, optional + Comments to be prepended to the Matrix Market file. + field : None or str, optional + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + precision : None or int, optional + Number of digits to display for real or complex values. + symmetry : None or str, optional + Either 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + If symmetry is None the symmetry type of 'a' is determined by its + values. + + Returns + ------- + None + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import BytesIO + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.sparse import coo_array + >>> from scipy.io import mmwrite + + Write a small NumPy array to a matrix market file. The file will be + written in the ``'array'`` format. + + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 2.5, 0, 6.25]]) + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, a) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array real general + % + 2 4 + 1 + 0 + 0 + 2.5 + 0 + 0 + 0 + 6.25 + + Add a comment to the output file, and set the precision to 3. + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, a, comment='\n Some test data.\n', precision=3) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array real general + % + % Some test data. + % + 2 4 + 1.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 2.50e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 0.00e+00 + 6.25e+00 + + Convert to a sparse matrix before calling ``mmwrite``. This will + result in the output format being ``'coordinate'`` rather than + ``'array'``. + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, coo_array(a), precision=3) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + % + 2 4 3 + 1 1 1.00e+00 + 2 2 2.50e+00 + 2 4 6.25e+00 + + Write a complex Hermitian array to a matrix market file. Note that + only six values are actually written to the file; the other values + are implied by the symmetry. + + >>> z = np.array([[3, 1+2j, 4-3j], [1-2j, 1, -5j], [4+3j, 5j, 2.5]]) + >>> z + array([[ 3. +0.j, 1. +2.j, 4. -3.j], + [ 1. -2.j, 1. +0.j, -0. -5.j], + [ 4. +3.j, 0. +5.j, 2.5+0.j]]) + + >>> target = BytesIO() + >>> mmwrite(target, z, precision=2) + >>> print(target.getvalue().decode('latin1')) + %%MatrixMarket matrix array complex hermitian + % + 3 3 + 3.0e+00 0.0e+00 + 1.0e+00 -2.0e+00 + 4.0e+00 3.0e+00 + 1.0e+00 0.0e+00 + 0.0e+00 5.0e+00 + 2.5e+00 0.0e+00 + + """ + MMFile().write(target, a, comment, field, precision, symmetry) + + +############################################################################### +class MMFile: + __slots__ = ('_rows', + '_cols', + '_entries', + '_format', + '_field', + '_symmetry') + + @property + def rows(self): + return self._rows + + @property + def cols(self): + return self._cols + + @property + def entries(self): + return self._entries + + @property + def format(self): + return self._format + + @property + def field(self): + return self._field + + @property + def symmetry(self): + return self._symmetry + + @property + def has_symmetry(self): + return self._symmetry in (self.SYMMETRY_SYMMETRIC, + self.SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC, + self.SYMMETRY_HERMITIAN) + + # format values + FORMAT_COORDINATE = 'coordinate' + FORMAT_ARRAY = 'array' + FORMAT_VALUES = (FORMAT_COORDINATE, FORMAT_ARRAY) + + @classmethod + def _validate_format(self, format): + if format not in self.FORMAT_VALUES: + msg = f'unknown format type {format}, must be one of {self.FORMAT_VALUES}' + raise ValueError(msg) + + # field values + FIELD_INTEGER = 'integer' + FIELD_UNSIGNED = 'unsigned-integer' + FIELD_REAL = 'real' + FIELD_COMPLEX = 'complex' + FIELD_PATTERN = 'pattern' + FIELD_VALUES = (FIELD_INTEGER, FIELD_UNSIGNED, FIELD_REAL, FIELD_COMPLEX, + FIELD_PATTERN) + + @classmethod + def _validate_field(self, field): + if field not in self.FIELD_VALUES: + msg = f'unknown field type {field}, must be one of {self.FIELD_VALUES}' + raise ValueError(msg) + + # symmetry values + SYMMETRY_GENERAL = 'general' + SYMMETRY_SYMMETRIC = 'symmetric' + SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC = 'skew-symmetric' + SYMMETRY_HERMITIAN = 'hermitian' + SYMMETRY_VALUES = (SYMMETRY_GENERAL, SYMMETRY_SYMMETRIC, + SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC, SYMMETRY_HERMITIAN) + + @classmethod + def _validate_symmetry(self, symmetry): + if symmetry not in self.SYMMETRY_VALUES: + raise ValueError(f'unknown symmetry type {symmetry}, ' + f'must be one of {self.SYMMETRY_VALUES}') + + DTYPES_BY_FIELD = {FIELD_INTEGER: 'intp', + FIELD_UNSIGNED: 'uint64', + FIELD_REAL: 'd', + FIELD_COMPLEX: 'D', + FIELD_PATTERN: 'd'} + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @staticmethod + def reader(): + pass + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @staticmethod + def writer(): + pass + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @classmethod + def info(self, source): + """ + Return size, storage parameters from Matrix Market file-like 'source'. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object + + Returns + ------- + rows : int + Number of matrix rows. + cols : int + Number of matrix columns. + entries : int + Number of non-zero entries of a sparse matrix + or rows*cols for a dense matrix. + format : str + Either 'coordinate' or 'array'. + field : str + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + symmetry : str + Either 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + """ + + stream, close_it = self._open(source) + + try: + + # read and validate header line + line = stream.readline() + mmid, matrix, format, field, symmetry = \ + (asstr(part.strip()) for part in line.split()) + if not mmid.startswith('%%MatrixMarket'): + raise ValueError('source is not in Matrix Market format') + if not matrix.lower() == 'matrix': + raise ValueError("Problem reading file header: " + line) + + # http://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/formats.html + if format.lower() == 'array': + format = self.FORMAT_ARRAY + elif format.lower() == 'coordinate': + format = self.FORMAT_COORDINATE + + # skip comments + # line.startswith('%') + while line: + if line.lstrip() and line.lstrip()[0] in ['%', 37]: + line = stream.readline() + else: + break + + # skip empty lines + while not line.strip(): + line = stream.readline() + + split_line = line.split() + if format == self.FORMAT_ARRAY: + if not len(split_line) == 2: + raise ValueError("Header line not of length 2: " + + line.decode('ascii')) + rows, cols = map(int, split_line) + entries = rows * cols + else: + if not len(split_line) == 3: + raise ValueError("Header line not of length 3: " + + line.decode('ascii')) + rows, cols, entries = map(int, split_line) + + return (rows, cols, entries, format, field.lower(), + symmetry.lower()) + + finally: + if close_it: + stream.close() + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @staticmethod + def _open(filespec, mode='rb'): + """ Return an open file stream for reading based on source. + + If source is a file name, open it (after trying to find it with mtx and + gzipped mtx extensions). Otherwise, just return source. + + Parameters + ---------- + filespec : str or file-like + String giving file name or file-like object + mode : str, optional + Mode with which to open file, if `filespec` is a file name. + + Returns + ------- + fobj : file-like + Open file-like object. + close_it : bool + True if the calling function should close this file when done, + false otherwise. + """ + # If 'filespec' is path-like (str, pathlib.Path, os.DirEntry, other class + # implementing a '__fspath__' method), try to convert it to str. If this + # fails by throwing a 'TypeError', assume it's an open file handle and + # return it as-is. + try: + filespec = os.fspath(filespec) + except TypeError: + return filespec, False + + # 'filespec' is definitely a str now + + # open for reading + if mode[0] == 'r': + + # determine filename plus extension + if not os.path.isfile(filespec): + if os.path.isfile(filespec+'.mtx'): + filespec = filespec + '.mtx' + elif os.path.isfile(filespec+'.mtx.gz'): + filespec = filespec + '.mtx.gz' + elif os.path.isfile(filespec+'.mtx.bz2'): + filespec = filespec + '.mtx.bz2' + # open filename + if filespec.endswith('.gz'): + import gzip + stream = gzip.open(filespec, mode) + elif filespec.endswith('.bz2'): + import bz2 + stream = bz2.BZ2File(filespec, 'rb') + else: + stream = open(filespec, mode) + + # open for writing + else: + if filespec[-4:] != '.mtx': + filespec = filespec + '.mtx' + stream = open(filespec, mode) + + return stream, True + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @staticmethod + def _get_symmetry(a): + m, n = a.shape + if m != n: + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_GENERAL + issymm = True + isskew = True + isherm = a.dtype.char in 'FD' + + # sparse input + if issparse(a): + # check if number of nonzero entries of lower and upper triangle + # matrix are equal + a = a.tocoo() + (row, col) = a.nonzero() + if (row < col).sum() != (row > col).sum(): + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_GENERAL + + # define iterator over symmetric pair entries + a = a.todok() + + def symm_iterator(): + for ((i, j), aij) in a.items(): + if i > j: + aji = a[j, i] + yield (aij, aji, False) + elif i == j: + yield (aij, aij, True) + + # non-sparse input + else: + # define iterator over symmetric pair entries + def symm_iterator(): + for j in range(n): + for i in range(j, n): + aij, aji = a[i][j], a[j][i] + yield (aij, aji, i == j) + + # check for symmetry + # yields aij, aji, is_diagonal + for (aij, aji, is_diagonal) in symm_iterator(): + if isskew and is_diagonal and aij != 0: + isskew = False + else: + if issymm and aij != aji: + issymm = False + with np.errstate(over="ignore"): + # This can give a warning for uint dtypes, so silence that + if isskew and aij != -aji: + isskew = False + if isherm and aij != conj(aji): + isherm = False + if not (issymm or isskew or isherm): + break + + # return symmetry value + if issymm: + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_SYMMETRIC + if isskew: + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC + if isherm: + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_HERMITIAN + return MMFile.SYMMETRY_GENERAL + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + @staticmethod + def _field_template(field, precision): + return {MMFile.FIELD_REAL: '%%.%ie\n' % precision, + MMFile.FIELD_INTEGER: '%i\n', + MMFile.FIELD_UNSIGNED: '%u\n', + MMFile.FIELD_COMPLEX: '%%.%ie %%.%ie\n' % + (precision, precision) + }.get(field, None) + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def __init__(self, **kwargs): + self._init_attrs(**kwargs) + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def read(self, source, *, spmatrix=True): + """ + Reads the contents of a Matrix Market file-like 'source' into a matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + source : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extensions .mtx, .mtz.gz) + or open file object. + spmatrix : bool, optional (default: True) + If ``True``, return sparse matrix. Otherwise return sparse array. + + Returns + ------- + a : ndarray or coo_array or coo_matrix + Dense or sparse array depending on the matrix format in the + Matrix Market file. + """ + stream, close_it = self._open(source) + + try: + self._parse_header(stream) + data = self._parse_body(stream) + + finally: + if close_it: + stream.close() + if spmatrix and isinstance(data, coo_array): + data = coo_matrix(data) + return data + + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def write(self, target, a, comment='', field=None, precision=None, + symmetry=None): + """ + Writes sparse or dense array `a` to Matrix Market file-like `target`. + + Parameters + ---------- + target : str or file-like + Matrix Market filename (extension .mtx) or open file-like object. + a : array like + Sparse or dense 2-D array. + comment : str, optional + Comments to be prepended to the Matrix Market file. + field : None or str, optional + Either 'real', 'complex', 'pattern', or 'integer'. + precision : None or int, optional + Number of digits to display for real or complex values. + symmetry : None or str, optional + Either 'general', 'symmetric', 'skew-symmetric', or 'hermitian'. + If symmetry is None the symmetry type of 'a' is determined by its + values. + """ + + stream, close_it = self._open(target, 'wb') + + try: + self._write(stream, a, comment, field, precision, symmetry) + + finally: + if close_it: + stream.close() + else: + stream.flush() + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def _init_attrs(self, **kwargs): + """ + Initialize each attributes with the corresponding keyword arg value + or a default of None + """ + + attrs = self.__class__.__slots__ + public_attrs = [attr[1:] for attr in attrs] + invalid_keys = set(kwargs.keys()) - set(public_attrs) + + if invalid_keys: + raise ValueError(f"found {tuple(invalid_keys)} invalid keyword " + f"arguments, please only use {public_attrs}") + + for attr in attrs: + setattr(self, attr, kwargs.get(attr[1:], None)) + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def _parse_header(self, stream): + rows, cols, entries, format, field, symmetry = \ + self.__class__.info(stream) + self._init_attrs(rows=rows, cols=cols, entries=entries, format=format, + field=field, symmetry=symmetry) + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- + def _parse_body(self, stream): + rows, cols, entries, format, field, symm = (self.rows, self.cols, + self.entries, self.format, + self.field, self.symmetry) + + dtype = self.DTYPES_BY_FIELD.get(field, None) + + has_symmetry = self.has_symmetry + is_integer = field == self.FIELD_INTEGER + is_unsigned_integer = field == self.FIELD_UNSIGNED + is_complex = field == self.FIELD_COMPLEX + is_skew = symm == self.SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC + is_herm = symm == self.SYMMETRY_HERMITIAN + is_pattern = field == self.FIELD_PATTERN + + if format == self.FORMAT_ARRAY: + a = zeros((rows, cols), dtype=dtype) + line = 1 + i, j = 0, 0 + if is_skew: + a[i, j] = 0 + if i < rows - 1: + i += 1 + while line: + line = stream.readline() + # line.startswith('%') + if not line or line[0] in ['%', 37] or not line.strip(): + continue + if is_integer: + aij = int(line) + elif is_unsigned_integer: + aij = int(line) + elif is_complex: + aij = complex(*map(float, line.split())) + else: + aij = float(line) + a[i, j] = aij + if has_symmetry and i != j: + if is_skew: + a[j, i] = -aij + elif is_herm: + a[j, i] = conj(aij) + else: + a[j, i] = aij + if i < rows-1: + i = i + 1 + else: + j = j + 1 + if not has_symmetry: + i = 0 + else: + i = j + if is_skew: + a[i, j] = 0 + if i < rows-1: + i += 1 + + if is_skew: + if not (i in [0, j] and j == cols - 1): + raise ValueError("Parse error, did not read all lines.") + else: + if not (i in [0, j] and j == cols): + raise ValueError("Parse error, did not read all lines.") + + elif format == self.FORMAT_COORDINATE: + # Read sparse COOrdinate format + + if entries == 0: + # empty matrix + return coo_array((rows, cols), dtype=dtype) + + I = zeros(entries, dtype='intc') + J = zeros(entries, dtype='intc') + if is_pattern: + V = ones(entries, dtype='int8') + elif is_integer: + V = zeros(entries, dtype='intp') + elif is_unsigned_integer: + V = zeros(entries, dtype='uint64') + elif is_complex: + V = zeros(entries, dtype='complex') + else: + V = zeros(entries, dtype='float') + + entry_number = 0 + for line in stream: + # line.startswith('%') + if not line or line[0] in ['%', 37] or not line.strip(): + continue + + if entry_number+1 > entries: + raise ValueError("'entries' in header is smaller than " + "number of entries") + l = line.split() + I[entry_number], J[entry_number] = map(int, l[:2]) + + if not is_pattern: + if is_integer: + V[entry_number] = int(l[2]) + elif is_unsigned_integer: + V[entry_number] = int(l[2]) + elif is_complex: + V[entry_number] = complex(*map(float, l[2:])) + else: + V[entry_number] = float(l[2]) + entry_number += 1 + if entry_number < entries: + raise ValueError("'entries' in header is larger than " + "number of entries") + + I -= 1 # adjust indices (base 1 -> base 0) + J -= 1 + + if has_symmetry: + mask = (I != J) # off diagonal mask + od_I = I[mask] + od_J = J[mask] + od_V = V[mask] + + I = concatenate((I, od_J)) + J = concatenate((J, od_I)) + + if is_skew: + od_V *= -1 + elif is_herm: + od_V = od_V.conjugate() + + V = concatenate((V, od_V)) + + a = coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(rows, cols), dtype=dtype) + else: + raise NotImplementedError(format) + + return a + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ + def _write(self, stream, a, comment='', field=None, precision=None, + symmetry=None): + if isinstance(a, list) or isinstance(a, ndarray) or \ + isinstance(a, tuple) or hasattr(a, '__array__'): + rep = self.FORMAT_ARRAY + a = asarray(a) + if len(a.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError('Expected 2 dimensional array') + rows, cols = a.shape + + if field is not None: + + if field == self.FIELD_INTEGER: + if not can_cast(a.dtype, 'intp'): + raise OverflowError("mmwrite does not support integer " + "dtypes larger than native 'intp'.") + a = a.astype('intp') + elif field == self.FIELD_REAL: + if a.dtype.char not in 'fd': + a = a.astype('d') + elif field == self.FIELD_COMPLEX: + if a.dtype.char not in 'FD': + a = a.astype('D') + + else: + if not issparse(a): + raise ValueError(f'unknown matrix type: {type(a)}') + + rep = 'coordinate' + rows, cols = a.shape + + typecode = a.dtype.char + + if precision is None: + if typecode in 'fF': + precision = 8 + else: + precision = 16 + if field is None: + kind = a.dtype.kind + if kind == 'i': + if not can_cast(a.dtype, 'intp'): + raise OverflowError("mmwrite does not support integer " + "dtypes larger than native 'intp'.") + field = 'integer' + elif kind == 'f': + field = 'real' + elif kind == 'c': + field = 'complex' + elif kind == 'u': + field = 'unsigned-integer' + else: + raise TypeError('unexpected dtype kind ' + kind) + + if symmetry is None: + symmetry = self._get_symmetry(a) + + # validate rep, field, and symmetry + self.__class__._validate_format(rep) + self.__class__._validate_field(field) + self.__class__._validate_symmetry(symmetry) + + # write initial header line + data = f'%%MatrixMarket matrix {rep} {field} {symmetry}\n' + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + # write comments + for line in comment.split('\n'): + data = f'%{line}\n' + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + template = self._field_template(field, precision) + # write dense format + if rep == self.FORMAT_ARRAY: + # write shape spec + data = '%i %i\n' % (rows, cols) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + if field in (self.FIELD_INTEGER, self.FIELD_REAL, + self.FIELD_UNSIGNED): + if symmetry == self.SYMMETRY_GENERAL: + for j in range(cols): + for i in range(rows): + data = template % a[i, j] + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + elif symmetry == self.SYMMETRY_SKEW_SYMMETRIC: + for j in range(cols): + for i in range(j + 1, rows): + data = template % a[i, j] + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + else: + for j in range(cols): + for i in range(j, rows): + data = template % a[i, j] + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + elif field == self.FIELD_COMPLEX: + + if symmetry == self.SYMMETRY_GENERAL: + for j in range(cols): + for i in range(rows): + aij = a[i, j] + data = template % (real(aij), imag(aij)) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + else: + for j in range(cols): + for i in range(j, rows): + aij = a[i, j] + data = template % (real(aij), imag(aij)) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + elif field == self.FIELD_PATTERN: + raise ValueError('pattern type inconsisted with dense format') + + else: + raise TypeError(f'Unknown field type {field}') + + # write sparse format + else: + coo = a.tocoo() # convert to COOrdinate format + + # if symmetry format used, remove values above main diagonal + if symmetry != self.SYMMETRY_GENERAL: + lower_triangle_mask = coo.row >= coo.col + coo = coo_array((coo.data[lower_triangle_mask], + (coo.row[lower_triangle_mask], + coo.col[lower_triangle_mask])), + shape=coo.shape) + + # write shape spec + data = '%i %i %i\n' % (rows, cols, coo.nnz) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + + template = self._field_template(field, precision-1) + + if field == self.FIELD_PATTERN: + for r, c in zip(coo.row+1, coo.col+1): + data = "%i %i\n" % (r, c) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + elif field in (self.FIELD_INTEGER, self.FIELD_REAL, + self.FIELD_UNSIGNED): + for r, c, d in zip(coo.row+1, coo.col+1, coo.data): + data = ("%i %i " % (r, c)) + (template % d) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + elif field == self.FIELD_COMPLEX: + for r, c, d in zip(coo.row+1, coo.col+1, coo.data): + data = ("%i %i " % (r, c)) + (template % (d.real, d.imag)) + stream.write(data.encode('latin1')) + else: + raise TypeError(f'Unknown field type {field}') + + +def _is_fromfile_compatible(stream): + """ + Check whether `stream` is compatible with numpy.fromfile. + + Passing a gzipped file object to ``fromfile/fromstring`` doesn't work with + Python 3. + """ + + bad_cls = [] + try: + import gzip + bad_cls.append(gzip.GzipFile) + except ImportError: + pass + try: + import bz2 + bad_cls.append(bz2.BZ2File) + except ImportError: + pass + + bad_cls = tuple(bad_cls) + return not isinstance(stream, bad_cls) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_netcdf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_netcdf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d810c583056c90f003fbbf5435fed6dcabbcb719 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/_netcdf.py @@ -0,0 +1,1104 @@ +""" +NetCDF reader/writer module. + +This module is used to read and create NetCDF files. NetCDF files are +accessed through the `netcdf_file` object. Data written to and from NetCDF +files are contained in `netcdf_variable` objects. Attributes are given +as member variables of the `netcdf_file` and `netcdf_variable` objects. + +This module implements the Scientific.IO.NetCDF API to read and create +NetCDF files. The same API is also used in the PyNIO and pynetcdf +modules, allowing these modules to be used interchangeably when working +with NetCDF files. + +Only NetCDF3 is supported here; for NetCDF4 see +`netCDF4-python `__, +which has a similar API. + +""" + +# TODO: +# * properly implement ``_FillValue``. +# * fix character variables. +# * implement PAGESIZE for Python 2.6? + +# The Scientific.IO.NetCDF API allows attributes to be added directly to +# instances of ``netcdf_file`` and ``netcdf_variable``. To differentiate +# between user-set attributes and instance attributes, user-set attributes +# are automatically stored in the ``_attributes`` attribute by overloading +#``__setattr__``. This is the reason why the code sometimes uses +#``obj.__dict__['key'] = value``, instead of simply ``obj.key = value``; +# otherwise the key would be inserted into userspace attributes. + + +__all__ = ['netcdf_file', 'netcdf_variable'] + + +import warnings +import weakref +from operator import mul +from platform import python_implementation + +import mmap as mm + +import numpy as np +from numpy import frombuffer, dtype, empty, array, asarray +from numpy import little_endian as LITTLE_ENDIAN +from functools import reduce + + +IS_PYPY = python_implementation() == 'PyPy' + +ABSENT = b'\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' +ZERO = b'\x00\x00\x00\x00' +NC_BYTE = b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' +NC_CHAR = b'\x00\x00\x00\x02' +NC_SHORT = b'\x00\x00\x00\x03' +NC_INT = b'\x00\x00\x00\x04' +NC_FLOAT = b'\x00\x00\x00\x05' +NC_DOUBLE = b'\x00\x00\x00\x06' +NC_DIMENSION = b'\x00\x00\x00\n' +NC_VARIABLE = b'\x00\x00\x00\x0b' +NC_ATTRIBUTE = b'\x00\x00\x00\x0c' +FILL_BYTE = b'\x81' +FILL_CHAR = b'\x00' +FILL_SHORT = b'\x80\x01' +FILL_INT = b'\x80\x00\x00\x01' +FILL_FLOAT = b'\x7C\xF0\x00\x00' +FILL_DOUBLE = b'\x47\x9E\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' + +TYPEMAP = {NC_BYTE: ('b', 1), + NC_CHAR: ('c', 1), + NC_SHORT: ('h', 2), + NC_INT: ('i', 4), + NC_FLOAT: ('f', 4), + NC_DOUBLE: ('d', 8)} + +FILLMAP = {NC_BYTE: FILL_BYTE, + NC_CHAR: FILL_CHAR, + NC_SHORT: FILL_SHORT, + NC_INT: FILL_INT, + NC_FLOAT: FILL_FLOAT, + NC_DOUBLE: FILL_DOUBLE} + +REVERSE = {('b', 1): NC_BYTE, + ('B', 1): NC_CHAR, + ('c', 1): NC_CHAR, + ('h', 2): NC_SHORT, + ('i', 4): NC_INT, + ('f', 4): NC_FLOAT, + ('d', 8): NC_DOUBLE, + + # these come from asarray(1).dtype.char and asarray('foo').dtype.char, + # used when getting the types from generic attributes. + ('l', 4): NC_INT, + ('S', 1): NC_CHAR} + + +class netcdf_file: + """ + A file object for NetCDF data. + + A `netcdf_file` object has two standard attributes: `dimensions` and + `variables`. The values of both are dictionaries, mapping dimension + names to their associated lengths and variable names to variables, + respectively. Application programs should never modify these + dictionaries. + + All other attributes correspond to global attributes defined in the + NetCDF file. Global file attributes are created by assigning to an + attribute of the `netcdf_file` object. + + Parameters + ---------- + filename : string or file-like + string -> filename + mode : {'r', 'w', 'a'}, optional + read-write-append mode, default is 'r' + mmap : None or bool, optional + Whether to mmap `filename` when reading. Default is True + when `filename` is a file name, False when `filename` is a + file-like object. Note that when mmap is in use, data arrays + returned refer directly to the mmapped data on disk, and the + file cannot be closed as long as references to it exist. + version : {1, 2}, optional + version of netcdf to read / write, where 1 means *Classic + format* and 2 means *64-bit offset format*. Default is 1. See + `here `__ + for more info. + maskandscale : bool, optional + Whether to automatically scale and/or mask data based on attributes. + Default is False. + + Notes + ----- + This module is derived from + `pupynere `_. + The major advantage of this module over other modules is that it doesn't + require the code to be linked to the NetCDF libraries. However, for a more + recent version of the NetCDF standard and additional features, please consider + the permissively-licensed + `netcdf4-python `_. + + NetCDF files are a self-describing binary data format. The file contains + metadata that describes the dimensions and variables in the file. More + details about NetCDF files can be found `here + `__. There + are three main sections to a NetCDF data structure: + + 1. Dimensions + 2. Variables + 3. Attributes + + The dimensions section records the name and length of each dimension used + by the variables. The variables would then indicate which dimensions it + uses and any attributes such as data units, along with containing the data + values for the variable. It is good practice to include a + variable that is the same name as a dimension to provide the values for + that axes. Lastly, the attributes section would contain additional + information such as the name of the file creator or the instrument used to + collect the data. + + When writing data to a NetCDF file, there is often the need to indicate the + 'record dimension'. A record dimension is the unbounded dimension for a + variable. For example, a temperature variable may have dimensions of + latitude, longitude and time. If one wants to add more temperature data to + the NetCDF file as time progresses, then the temperature variable should + have the time dimension flagged as the record dimension. + + In addition, the NetCDF file header contains the position of the data in + the file, so access can be done in an efficient manner without loading + unnecessary data into memory. It uses the ``mmap`` module to create + Numpy arrays mapped to the data on disk, for the same purpose. + + Note that when `netcdf_file` is used to open a file with mmap=True + (default for read-only), arrays returned by it refer to data + directly on the disk. The file should not be closed, and cannot be cleanly + closed when asked, if such arrays are alive. You may want to copy data arrays + obtained from mmapped Netcdf file if they are to be processed after the file + is closed, see the example below. + + Examples + -------- + To create a NetCDF file: + + >>> from scipy.io import netcdf_file + >>> import numpy as np + >>> f = netcdf_file('simple.nc', 'w') + >>> f.history = 'Created for a test' + >>> f.createDimension('time', 10) + >>> time = f.createVariable('time', 'i', ('time',)) + >>> time[:] = np.arange(10) + >>> time.units = 'days since 2008-01-01' + >>> f.close() + + Note the assignment of ``arange(10)`` to ``time[:]``. Exposing the slice + of the time variable allows for the data to be set in the object, rather + than letting ``arange(10)`` overwrite the ``time`` variable. + + To read the NetCDF file we just created: + + >>> from scipy.io import netcdf_file + >>> f = netcdf_file('simple.nc', 'r') + >>> print(f.history) + b'Created for a test' + >>> time = f.variables['time'] + >>> print(time.units) + b'days since 2008-01-01' + >>> print(time.shape) + (10,) + >>> print(time[-1]) + 9 + + NetCDF files, when opened read-only, return arrays that refer + directly to memory-mapped data on disk: + + >>> data = time[:] + + If the data is to be processed after the file is closed, it needs + to be copied to main memory: + + >>> data = time[:].copy() + >>> del time + >>> f.close() + >>> data.mean() + 4.5 + + A NetCDF file can also be used as context manager: + + >>> from scipy.io import netcdf_file + >>> with netcdf_file('simple.nc', 'r') as f: + ... print(f.history) + b'Created for a test' + + """ + def __init__(self, filename, mode='r', mmap=None, version=1, + maskandscale=False): + """Initialize netcdf_file from fileobj (str or file-like).""" + if mode not in 'rwa': + raise ValueError("Mode must be either 'r', 'w' or 'a'.") + + if hasattr(filename, 'seek'): # file-like + self.fp = filename + self.filename = 'None' + if mmap is None: + mmap = False + elif mmap and not hasattr(filename, 'fileno'): + raise ValueError('Cannot use file object for mmap') + else: # maybe it's a string + self.filename = filename + omode = 'r+' if mode == 'a' else mode + self.fp = open(self.filename, f'{omode}b') + if mmap is None: + # Mmapped files on PyPy cannot be usually closed + # before the GC runs, so it's better to use mmap=False + # as the default. + mmap = (not IS_PYPY) + + if mode != 'r': + # Cannot read write-only files + mmap = False + + self.use_mmap = mmap + self.mode = mode + self.version_byte = version + self.maskandscale = maskandscale + + self.dimensions = {} + self.variables = {} + + self._dims = [] + self._recs = 0 + self._recsize = 0 + + self._mm = None + self._mm_buf = None + if self.use_mmap: + self._mm = mm.mmap(self.fp.fileno(), 0, access=mm.ACCESS_READ) + self._mm_buf = np.frombuffer(self._mm, dtype=np.int8) + + self._attributes = {} + + if mode in 'ra': + self._read() + + def __setattr__(self, attr, value): + # Store user defined attributes in a separate dict, + # so we can save them to file later. + try: + self._attributes[attr] = value + except AttributeError: + pass + self.__dict__[attr] = value + + def close(self): + """Closes the NetCDF file.""" + if hasattr(self, 'fp') and not self.fp.closed: + try: + self.flush() + finally: + self.variables = {} + if self._mm_buf is not None: + ref = weakref.ref(self._mm_buf) + self._mm_buf = None + if ref() is None: + # self._mm_buf is gc'd, and we can close the mmap + self._mm.close() + else: + # we cannot close self._mm, since self._mm_buf is + # alive and there may still be arrays referring to it + warnings.warn( + "Cannot close a netcdf_file opened with mmap=True, when " + "netcdf_variables or arrays referring to its data still " + "exist. All data arrays obtained from such files refer " + "directly to data on disk, and must be copied before the " + "file can be cleanly closed. " + "(See netcdf_file docstring for more information on mmap.)", + category=RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2, + ) + self._mm = None + self.fp.close() + __del__ = close + + def __enter__(self): + return self + + def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): + self.close() + + def createDimension(self, name, length): + """ + Adds a dimension to the Dimension section of the NetCDF data structure. + + Note that this function merely adds a new dimension that the variables can + reference. The values for the dimension, if desired, should be added as + a variable using `createVariable`, referring to this dimension. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the dimension (Eg, 'lat' or 'time'). + length : int + Length of the dimension. + + See Also + -------- + createVariable + + """ + if length is None and self._dims: + raise ValueError("Only first dimension may be unlimited!") + + self.dimensions[name] = length + self._dims.append(name) + + def createVariable(self, name, type, dimensions): + """ + Create an empty variable for the `netcdf_file` object, specifying its data + type and the dimensions it uses. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the new variable. + type : dtype or str + Data type of the variable. + dimensions : sequence of str + List of the dimension names used by the variable, in the desired order. + + Returns + ------- + variable : netcdf_variable + The newly created ``netcdf_variable`` object. + This object has also been added to the `netcdf_file` object as well. + + See Also + -------- + createDimension + + Notes + ----- + Any dimensions to be used by the variable should already exist in the + NetCDF data structure or should be created by `createDimension` prior to + creating the NetCDF variable. + + """ + shape = tuple([self.dimensions[dim] for dim in dimensions]) + shape_ = tuple([dim or 0 for dim in shape]) # replace None with 0 for NumPy + + type = dtype(type) + typecode, size = type.char, type.itemsize + if (typecode, size) not in REVERSE: + raise ValueError(f"NetCDF 3 does not support type {type}") + + # convert to big endian always for NetCDF 3 + data = empty(shape_, dtype=type.newbyteorder("B")) + self.variables[name] = netcdf_variable( + data, typecode, size, shape, dimensions, + maskandscale=self.maskandscale) + return self.variables[name] + + def flush(self): + """ + Perform a sync-to-disk flush if the `netcdf_file` object is in write mode. + + See Also + -------- + sync : Identical function + + """ + if hasattr(self, 'mode') and self.mode in 'wa': + self._write() + sync = flush + + def _write(self): + self.fp.seek(0) + self.fp.write(b'CDF') + self.fp.write(array(self.version_byte, '>b').tobytes()) + + # Write headers and data. + self._write_numrecs() + self._write_dim_array() + self._write_gatt_array() + self._write_var_array() + + def _write_numrecs(self): + # Get highest record count from all record variables. + for var in self.variables.values(): + if var.isrec and len(var.data) > self._recs: + self.__dict__['_recs'] = len(var.data) + self._pack_int(self._recs) + + def _write_dim_array(self): + if self.dimensions: + self.fp.write(NC_DIMENSION) + self._pack_int(len(self.dimensions)) + for name in self._dims: + self._pack_string(name) + length = self.dimensions[name] + self._pack_int(length or 0) # replace None with 0 for record dimension + else: + self.fp.write(ABSENT) + + def _write_gatt_array(self): + self._write_att_array(self._attributes) + + def _write_att_array(self, attributes): + if attributes: + self.fp.write(NC_ATTRIBUTE) + self._pack_int(len(attributes)) + for name, values in attributes.items(): + self._pack_string(name) + self._write_att_values(values) + else: + self.fp.write(ABSENT) + + def _write_var_array(self): + if self.variables: + self.fp.write(NC_VARIABLE) + self._pack_int(len(self.variables)) + + # Sort variable names non-recs first, then recs. + def sortkey(n): + v = self.variables[n] + if v.isrec: + return (-1,) + return v._shape + variables = sorted(self.variables, key=sortkey, reverse=True) + + # Set the metadata for all variables. + for name in variables: + self._write_var_metadata(name) + # Now that we have the metadata, we know the vsize of + # each record variable, so we can calculate recsize. + self.__dict__['_recsize'] = sum([ + var._vsize for var in self.variables.values() + if var.isrec]) + # Set the data for all variables. + for name in variables: + self._write_var_data(name) + else: + self.fp.write(ABSENT) + + def _write_var_metadata(self, name): + var = self.variables[name] + + self._pack_string(name) + self._pack_int(len(var.dimensions)) + for dimname in var.dimensions: + dimid = self._dims.index(dimname) + self._pack_int(dimid) + + self._write_att_array(var._attributes) + + nc_type = REVERSE[var.typecode(), var.itemsize()] + self.fp.write(nc_type) + + if not var.isrec: + vsize = var.data.size * var.data.itemsize + vsize += -vsize % 4 + else: # record variable + try: + vsize = var.data[0].size * var.data.itemsize + except IndexError: + vsize = 0 + rec_vars = len([v for v in self.variables.values() + if v.isrec]) + if rec_vars > 1: + vsize += -vsize % 4 + self.variables[name].__dict__['_vsize'] = vsize + self._pack_int(vsize) + + # Pack a bogus begin, and set the real value later. + self.variables[name].__dict__['_begin'] = self.fp.tell() + self._pack_begin(0) + + def _write_var_data(self, name): + var = self.variables[name] + + # Set begin in file header. + the_beguine = self.fp.tell() + self.fp.seek(var._begin) + self._pack_begin(the_beguine) + self.fp.seek(the_beguine) + + # Write data. + if not var.isrec: + self.fp.write(var.data.tobytes()) + count = var.data.size * var.data.itemsize + self._write_var_padding(var, var._vsize - count) + else: # record variable + # Handle rec vars with shape[0] < nrecs. + if self._recs > len(var.data): + shape = (self._recs,) + var.data.shape[1:] + # Resize in-place does not always work since + # the array might not be single-segment + try: + var.data.resize(shape) + except ValueError: + dtype = var.data.dtype + var.__dict__['data'] = np.resize(var.data, shape).astype(dtype) + + pos0 = pos = self.fp.tell() + for rec in var.data: + # Apparently scalars cannot be converted to big endian. If we + # try to convert a ``=i4`` scalar to, say, '>i4' the dtype + # will remain as ``=i4``. + if not rec.shape and (rec.dtype.byteorder == '<' or + (rec.dtype.byteorder == '=' and LITTLE_ENDIAN)): + rec = rec.byteswap() + self.fp.write(rec.tobytes()) + # Padding + count = rec.size * rec.itemsize + self._write_var_padding(var, var._vsize - count) + pos += self._recsize + self.fp.seek(pos) + self.fp.seek(pos0 + var._vsize) + + def _write_var_padding(self, var, size): + encoded_fill_value = var._get_encoded_fill_value() + num_fills = size // len(encoded_fill_value) + self.fp.write(encoded_fill_value * num_fills) + + def _write_att_values(self, values): + if hasattr(values, 'dtype'): + nc_type = REVERSE[values.dtype.char, values.dtype.itemsize] + else: + types = [(int, NC_INT), (float, NC_FLOAT), (str, NC_CHAR)] + + # bytes index into scalars in py3k. Check for "string" types + if isinstance(values, str | bytes): + sample = values + else: + try: + sample = values[0] # subscriptable? + except TypeError: + sample = values # scalar + + for class_, nc_type in types: + if isinstance(sample, class_): + break + + typecode, size = TYPEMAP[nc_type] + dtype_ = f'>{typecode}' + # asarray() dies with bytes and '>c' in py3k. Change to 'S' + dtype_ = 'S' if dtype_ == '>c' else dtype_ + + values = asarray(values, dtype=dtype_) + + self.fp.write(nc_type) + + if values.dtype.char == 'S': + nelems = values.itemsize + else: + nelems = values.size + self._pack_int(nelems) + + if not values.shape and (values.dtype.byteorder == '<' or + (values.dtype.byteorder == '=' and LITTLE_ENDIAN)): + values = values.byteswap() + self.fp.write(values.tobytes()) + count = values.size * values.itemsize + self.fp.write(b'\x00' * (-count % 4)) # pad + + def _read(self): + # Check magic bytes and version + magic = self.fp.read(3) + if not magic == b'CDF': + raise TypeError(f"Error: {self.filename} is not a valid NetCDF 3 file") + self.__dict__['version_byte'] = frombuffer(self.fp.read(1), '>b')[0] + + # Read file headers and set data. + self._read_numrecs() + self._read_dim_array() + self._read_gatt_array() + self._read_var_array() + + def _read_numrecs(self): + self.__dict__['_recs'] = self._unpack_int() + + def _read_dim_array(self): + header = self.fp.read(4) + if header not in [ZERO, NC_DIMENSION]: + raise ValueError("Unexpected header.") + count = self._unpack_int() + + for dim in range(count): + name = self._unpack_string().decode('latin1') + length = self._unpack_int() or None # None for record dimension + self.dimensions[name] = length + self._dims.append(name) # preserve order + + def _read_gatt_array(self): + for k, v in self._read_att_array().items(): + self.__setattr__(k, v) + + def _read_att_array(self): + header = self.fp.read(4) + if header not in [ZERO, NC_ATTRIBUTE]: + raise ValueError("Unexpected header.") + count = self._unpack_int() + + attributes = {} + for attr in range(count): + name = self._unpack_string().decode('latin1') + attributes[name] = self._read_att_values() + return attributes + + def _read_var_array(self): + header = self.fp.read(4) + if header not in [ZERO, NC_VARIABLE]: + raise ValueError("Unexpected header.") + + begin = 0 + dtypes = {'names': [], 'formats': []} + rec_vars = [] + count = self._unpack_int() + for var in range(count): + (name, dimensions, shape, attributes, + typecode, size, dtype_, begin_, vsize) = self._read_var() + # https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/guide_toc.html + # Note that vsize is the product of the dimension lengths + # (omitting the record dimension) and the number of bytes + # per value (determined from the type), increased to the + # next multiple of 4, for each variable. If a record + # variable, this is the amount of space per record. The + # netCDF "record size" is calculated as the sum of the + # vsize's of all the record variables. + # + # The vsize field is actually redundant, because its value + # may be computed from other information in the header. The + # 32-bit vsize field is not large enough to contain the size + # of variables that require more than 2^32 - 4 bytes, so + # 2^32 - 1 is used in the vsize field for such variables. + if shape and shape[0] is None: # record variable + rec_vars.append(name) + # The netCDF "record size" is calculated as the sum of + # the vsize's of all the record variables. + self.__dict__['_recsize'] += vsize + if begin == 0: + begin = begin_ + dtypes['names'].append(name) + dtypes['formats'].append(str(shape[1:]) + dtype_) + + # Handle padding with a virtual variable. + if typecode in 'bch': + actual_size = reduce(mul, (1,) + shape[1:]) * size + padding = -actual_size % 4 + if padding: + dtypes['names'].append(f'_padding_{var}') + dtypes['formats'].append(f'({padding},)>b') + + # Data will be set later. + data = None + else: # not a record variable + # Calculate size to avoid problems with vsize (above) + a_size = reduce(mul, shape, 1) * size + if self.use_mmap: + data = self._mm_buf[begin_:begin_+a_size].view(dtype=dtype_) + data = data.reshape(shape) + else: + pos = self.fp.tell() + self.fp.seek(begin_) + data = frombuffer(self.fp.read(a_size), dtype=dtype_ + ).copy() + data = data.reshape(shape) + self.fp.seek(pos) + + # Add variable. + self.variables[name] = netcdf_variable( + data, typecode, size, shape, dimensions, attributes, + maskandscale=self.maskandscale) + + if rec_vars: + # Remove padding when only one record variable. + if len(rec_vars) == 1: + dtypes['names'] = dtypes['names'][:1] + dtypes['formats'] = dtypes['formats'][:1] + + # Build rec array. + if self.use_mmap: + buf = self._mm_buf[begin:begin+self._recs*self._recsize] + rec_array = buf.view(dtype=dtypes) + rec_array = rec_array.reshape((self._recs,)) + else: + pos = self.fp.tell() + self.fp.seek(begin) + rec_array = frombuffer(self.fp.read(self._recs*self._recsize), + dtype=dtypes).copy() + rec_array = rec_array.reshape((self._recs,)) + self.fp.seek(pos) + + for var in rec_vars: + self.variables[var].__dict__['data'] = rec_array[var] + + def _read_var(self): + name = self._unpack_string().decode('latin1') + dimensions = [] + shape = [] + dims = self._unpack_int() + + for i in range(dims): + dimid = self._unpack_int() + dimname = self._dims[dimid] + dimensions.append(dimname) + dim = self.dimensions[dimname] + shape.append(dim) + dimensions = tuple(dimensions) + shape = tuple(shape) + + attributes = self._read_att_array() + nc_type = self.fp.read(4) + vsize = self._unpack_int() + begin = [self._unpack_int, self._unpack_int64][self.version_byte-1]() + + typecode, size = TYPEMAP[nc_type] + dtype_ = f'>{typecode}' + + return name, dimensions, shape, attributes, typecode, size, dtype_, begin, vsize + + def _read_att_values(self): + nc_type = self.fp.read(4) + n = self._unpack_int() + + typecode, size = TYPEMAP[nc_type] + + count = n*size + values = self.fp.read(int(count)) + self.fp.read(-count % 4) # read padding + + if typecode != 'c': + values = frombuffer(values, dtype=f'>{typecode}').copy() + if values.shape == (1,): + values = values[0] + else: + values = values.rstrip(b'\x00') + return values + + def _pack_begin(self, begin): + if self.version_byte == 1: + self._pack_int(begin) + elif self.version_byte == 2: + self._pack_int64(begin) + + def _pack_int(self, value): + self.fp.write(array(value, '>i').tobytes()) + _pack_int32 = _pack_int + + def _unpack_int(self): + return int(frombuffer(self.fp.read(4), '>i')[0]) + _unpack_int32 = _unpack_int + + def _pack_int64(self, value): + self.fp.write(array(value, '>q').tobytes()) + + def _unpack_int64(self): + return frombuffer(self.fp.read(8), '>q')[0] + + def _pack_string(self, s): + count = len(s) + self._pack_int(count) + self.fp.write(s.encode('latin1')) + self.fp.write(b'\x00' * (-count % 4)) # pad + + def _unpack_string(self): + count = self._unpack_int() + s = self.fp.read(count).rstrip(b'\x00') + self.fp.read(-count % 4) # read padding + return s + + +class netcdf_variable: + """ + A data object for netcdf files. + + `netcdf_variable` objects are constructed by calling the method + `netcdf_file.createVariable` on the `netcdf_file` object. `netcdf_variable` + objects behave much like array objects defined in numpy, except that their + data resides in a file. Data is read by indexing and written by assigning + to an indexed subset; the entire array can be accessed by the index ``[:]`` + or (for scalars) by using the methods `getValue` and `assignValue`. + `netcdf_variable` objects also have attribute `shape` with the same meaning + as for arrays, but the shape cannot be modified. There is another read-only + attribute `dimensions`, whose value is the tuple of dimension names. + + All other attributes correspond to variable attributes defined in + the NetCDF file. Variable attributes are created by assigning to an + attribute of the `netcdf_variable` object. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : array_like + The data array that holds the values for the variable. + Typically, this is initialized as empty, but with the proper shape. + typecode : dtype character code + Desired data-type for the data array. + size : int + Desired element size for the data array. + shape : sequence of ints + The shape of the array. This should match the lengths of the + variable's dimensions. + dimensions : sequence of strings + The names of the dimensions used by the variable. Must be in the + same order of the dimension lengths given by `shape`. + attributes : dict, optional + Attribute values (any type) keyed by string names. These attributes + become attributes for the netcdf_variable object. + maskandscale : bool, optional + Whether to automatically scale and/or mask data based on attributes. + Default is False. + + + Attributes + ---------- + dimensions : list of str + List of names of dimensions used by the variable object. + isrec, shape + Properties + + See also + -------- + isrec, shape + + Notes + ----- + For a more recent version of the NetCDF standard and additional features, please + consider the permissively-licensed + `netcdf4-python `_. + + """ + def __init__(self, data, typecode, size, shape, dimensions, + attributes=None, + maskandscale=False): + self.data = data + self._typecode = typecode + self._size = size + self._shape = shape + self.dimensions = dimensions + self.maskandscale = maskandscale + + self._attributes = attributes or {} + for k, v in self._attributes.items(): + self.__dict__[k] = v + + def __setattr__(self, attr, value): + # Store user defined attributes in a separate dict, + # so we can save them to file later. + try: + self._attributes[attr] = value + except AttributeError: + pass + self.__dict__[attr] = value + + def isrec(self): + """Returns whether the variable has a record dimension or not. + + A record dimension is a dimension along which additional data could be + easily appended in the netcdf data structure without much rewriting of + the data file. This attribute is a read-only property of the + `netcdf_variable`. + + """ + return bool(self.data.shape) and not self._shape[0] + isrec = property(isrec) + + def shape(self): + """Returns the shape tuple of the data variable. + + This is a read-only attribute and can not be modified in the + same manner of other numpy arrays. + """ + return self.data.shape + shape = property(shape) + + def getValue(self): + """ + Retrieve a scalar value from a `netcdf_variable` of length one. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If the netcdf variable is an array of length greater than one, + this exception will be raised. + + """ + return self.data.item() + + def assignValue(self, value): + """ + Assign a scalar value to a `netcdf_variable` of length one. + + Parameters + ---------- + value : scalar + Scalar value (of compatible type) to assign to a length-one netcdf + variable. This value will be written to file. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If the input is not a scalar, or if the destination is not a length-one + netcdf variable. + + """ + if not self.data.flags.writeable: + # Work-around for a bug in NumPy. Calling itemset() on a read-only + # memory-mapped array causes a seg. fault. + # See NumPy ticket #1622, and SciPy ticket #1202. + # This check for `writeable` can be removed when the oldest version + # of NumPy still supported by scipy contains the fix for #1622. + raise RuntimeError("variable is not writeable") + + self.data[:] = value + + def typecode(self): + """ + Return the typecode of the variable. + + Returns + ------- + typecode : char + The character typecode of the variable (e.g., 'i' for int). + + """ + return self._typecode + + def itemsize(self): + """ + Return the itemsize of the variable. + + Returns + ------- + itemsize : int + The element size of the variable (e.g., 8 for float64). + + """ + return self._size + + def __getitem__(self, index): + if not self.maskandscale: + return self.data[index] + + data = self.data[index].copy() + missing_value = self._get_missing_value() + data = self._apply_missing_value(data, missing_value) + scale_factor = self._attributes.get('scale_factor') + add_offset = self._attributes.get('add_offset') + if add_offset is not None or scale_factor is not None: + data = data.astype(np.float64) + if scale_factor is not None: + data = data * scale_factor + if add_offset is not None: + data += add_offset + + return data + + def __setitem__(self, index, data): + if self.maskandscale: + missing_value = ( + self._get_missing_value() or + getattr(data, 'fill_value', 999999)) + self._attributes.setdefault('missing_value', missing_value) + self._attributes.setdefault('_FillValue', missing_value) + data = ((data - self._attributes.get('add_offset', 0.0)) / + self._attributes.get('scale_factor', 1.0)) + data = np.ma.asarray(data).filled(missing_value) + if self._typecode not in 'fd' and data.dtype.kind == 'f': + data = np.round(data) + + # Expand data for record vars? + if self.isrec: + if isinstance(index, tuple): + rec_index = index[0] + else: + rec_index = index + if isinstance(rec_index, slice): + recs = (rec_index.start or 0) + len(data) + else: + recs = rec_index + 1 + if recs > len(self.data): + shape = (recs,) + self._shape[1:] + # Resize in-place does not always work since + # the array might not be single-segment + try: + self.data.resize(shape) + except ValueError: + dtype = self.data.dtype + self.__dict__['data'] = np.resize(self.data, shape).astype(dtype) + self.data[index] = data + + def _default_encoded_fill_value(self): + """ + The default encoded fill-value for this Variable's data type. + """ + nc_type = REVERSE[self.typecode(), self.itemsize()] + return FILLMAP[nc_type] + + def _get_encoded_fill_value(self): + """ + Returns the encoded fill value for this variable as bytes. + + This is taken from either the _FillValue attribute, or the default fill + value for this variable's data type. + """ + if '_FillValue' in self._attributes: + fill_value = np.array(self._attributes['_FillValue'], + dtype=self.data.dtype).tobytes() + if len(fill_value) == self.itemsize(): + return fill_value + else: + return self._default_encoded_fill_value() + else: + return self._default_encoded_fill_value() + + def _get_missing_value(self): + """ + Returns the value denoting "no data" for this variable. + + If this variable does not have a missing/fill value, returns None. + + If both _FillValue and missing_value are given, give precedence to + _FillValue. The netCDF standard gives special meaning to _FillValue; + missing_value is just used for compatibility with old datasets. + """ + + if '_FillValue' in self._attributes: + missing_value = self._attributes['_FillValue'] + elif 'missing_value' in self._attributes: + missing_value = self._attributes['missing_value'] + else: + missing_value = None + + return missing_value + + @staticmethod + def _apply_missing_value(data, missing_value): + """ + Applies the given missing value to the data array. + + Returns a numpy.ma array, with any value equal to missing_value masked + out (unless missing_value is None, in which case the original array is + returned). + """ + + if missing_value is None: + newdata = data + else: + try: + missing_value_isnan = np.isnan(missing_value) + except (TypeError, NotImplementedError): + # some data types (e.g., characters) cannot be tested for NaN + missing_value_isnan = False + + if missing_value_isnan: + mymask = np.isnan(data) + else: + mymask = (data == missing_value) + + newdata = np.ma.masked_where(mymask, data) + + return newdata + + +NetCDFFile = netcdf_file +NetCDFVariable = netcdf_variable diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___init__.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___pycache__ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___pycache__ new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.___pycache__ differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.__arffread.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.__arffread.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/.__arffread.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._arffread.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._arffread.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._arffread.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._tests b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._tests new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/._tests differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/__init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dcfe1c4237e69054b582a0fa52f710b25a1d7914 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +""" +Module to read ARFF files +========================= +ARFF is the standard data format for WEKA. +It is a text file format which support numerical, string and data values. +The format can also represent missing data and sparse data. + +Notes +----- +The ARFF support in ``scipy.io`` provides file reading functionality only. +For more extensive ARFF functionality, see `liac-arff +`_. + +See the `WEKA website `_ +for more details about the ARFF format and available datasets. + +""" +from ._arffread import * +from . import _arffread + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from .import arffread + +__all__ = _arffread.__all__ + ['arffread'] + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/_arffread.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/_arffread.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7f3b78199b21106a2a21e5c605365766559bee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/_arffread.py @@ -0,0 +1,885 @@ +# Last Change: Mon Aug 20 08:00 PM 2007 J +import re +import datetime + +import numpy as np + +import csv +import ctypes + +"""A module to read arff files.""" + +__all__ = ['MetaData', 'loadarff', 'ArffError', 'ParseArffError'] + +# An Arff file is basically two parts: +# - header +# - data +# +# A header has each of its components starting by @META where META is one of +# the keyword (attribute of relation, for now). + +# TODO: +# - both integer and reals are treated as numeric -> the integer info +# is lost! +# - Replace ValueError by ParseError or something + +# We know can handle the following: +# - numeric and nominal attributes +# - missing values for numeric attributes + +r_meta = re.compile(r'^\s*@') +# Match a comment +r_comment = re.compile(r'^%') +# Match an empty line +r_empty = re.compile(r'^\s+$') +# Match a header line, that is a line which starts by @ + a word +r_headerline = re.compile(r'^\s*@\S*') +r_datameta = re.compile(r'^@[Dd][Aa][Tt][Aa]') +r_relation = re.compile(r'^@[Rr][Ee][Ll][Aa][Tt][Ii][Oo][Nn]\s*(\S*)') +r_attribute = re.compile(r'^\s*@[Aa][Tt][Tt][Rr][Ii][Bb][Uu][Tt][Ee]\s*(..*$)') + +r_nominal = re.compile(r'{(.+)}') +r_date = re.compile(r"[Dd][Aa][Tt][Ee]\s+[\"']?(.+?)[\"']?$") + +# To get attributes name enclosed with '' +r_comattrval = re.compile(r"'(..+)'\s+(..+$)") +# To get normal attributes +r_wcomattrval = re.compile(r"(\S+)\s+(..+$)") + +# ------------------------ +# Module defined exception +# ------------------------ + + +class ArffError(OSError): + """ + Base exception for errors when reading ARFF files. + + Raised when an ARFF file cannot be read due to file access issues, + corruption, or unsupported features. + """ + pass + + +class ParseArffError(ArffError): + """ + Exception for syntax and parsing errors in ARFF files. + + Raised when an ARFF file has invalid syntax, malformed attributes, + or data that doesn't match the expected format. + """ + pass + + +# ---------- +# Attributes +# ---------- +class Attribute: + + type_name = None + + def __init__(self, name): + self.name = name + self.range = None + self.dtype = np.object_ + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + """ + return None + + def parse_data(self, data_str): + """ + Parse a value of this type. + """ + return None + + def __str__(self): + """ + Parse a value of this type. + """ + return self.name + ',' + self.type_name + + +class NominalAttribute(Attribute): + + type_name = 'nominal' + + def __init__(self, name, values): + super().__init__(name) + self.values = values + self.range = values + self.dtype = (np.bytes_, max(len(i) for i in values)) + + @staticmethod + def _get_nom_val(atrv): + """Given a string containing a nominal type, returns a tuple of the + possible values. + + A nominal type is defined as something framed between braces ({}). + + Parameters + ---------- + atrv : str + Nominal type definition + + Returns + ------- + poss_vals : tuple + possible values + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.io.arff._arffread import NominalAttribute + >>> NominalAttribute._get_nom_val("{floup, bouga, fl, ratata}") + ('floup', 'bouga', 'fl', 'ratata') + """ + m = r_nominal.match(atrv) + if m: + attrs, _ = split_data_line(m.group(1)) + return tuple(attrs) + else: + raise ValueError("This does not look like a nominal string") + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + + For nominal attributes, the attribute string would be like '{, + , }'. + """ + if attr_string[0] == '{': + values = cls._get_nom_val(attr_string) + return cls(name, values) + else: + return None + + def parse_data(self, data_str): + """ + Parse a value of this type. + """ + if data_str in self.values: + return data_str + elif data_str == '?': + return data_str + else: + raise ValueError(f"{str(data_str)} value not in {str(self.values)}") + + def __str__(self): + msg = self.name + ",{" + for i in range(len(self.values)-1): + msg += self.values[i] + "," + msg += self.values[-1] + msg += "}" + return msg + + +class NumericAttribute(Attribute): + + def __init__(self, name): + super().__init__(name) + self.type_name = 'numeric' + self.dtype = np.float64 + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + + For numeric attributes, the attribute string would be like + 'numeric' or 'int' or 'real'. + """ + + attr_string = attr_string.lower().strip() + + if (attr_string[:len('numeric')] == 'numeric' or + attr_string[:len('int')] == 'int' or + attr_string[:len('real')] == 'real'): + return cls(name) + else: + return None + + def parse_data(self, data_str): + """ + Parse a value of this type. + + Parameters + ---------- + data_str : str + string to convert + + Returns + ------- + f : float + where float can be nan + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.io.arff._arffread import NumericAttribute + >>> atr = NumericAttribute('atr') + >>> atr.parse_data('1') + 1.0 + >>> atr.parse_data('1\\n') + 1.0 + >>> atr.parse_data('?\\n') + nan + """ + if '?' in data_str: + return np.nan + else: + return float(data_str) + + def _basic_stats(self, data): + nbfac = data.size * 1. / (data.size - 1) + return (np.nanmin(data), np.nanmax(data), + np.mean(data), np.std(data) * nbfac) + + +class StringAttribute(Attribute): + + def __init__(self, name): + super().__init__(name) + self.type_name = 'string' + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + + For string attributes, the attribute string would be like + 'string'. + """ + + attr_string = attr_string.lower().strip() + + if attr_string[:len('string')] == 'string': + return cls(name) + else: + return None + + +class DateAttribute(Attribute): + + def __init__(self, name, date_format, datetime_unit): + super().__init__(name) + self.date_format = date_format + self.datetime_unit = datetime_unit + self.type_name = 'date' + self.range = date_format + self.dtype = np.datetime64(0, self.datetime_unit) + + @staticmethod + def _get_date_format(atrv): + m = r_date.match(atrv) + if m: + pattern = m.group(1).strip() + # convert time pattern from Java's SimpleDateFormat to C's format + datetime_unit = None + if "yyyy" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("yyyy", "%Y") + datetime_unit = "Y" + elif "yy": + pattern = pattern.replace("yy", "%y") + datetime_unit = "Y" + if "MM" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("MM", "%m") + datetime_unit = "M" + if "dd" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("dd", "%d") + datetime_unit = "D" + if "HH" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("HH", "%H") + datetime_unit = "h" + if "mm" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("mm", "%M") + datetime_unit = "m" + if "ss" in pattern: + pattern = pattern.replace("ss", "%S") + datetime_unit = "s" + if "z" in pattern or "Z" in pattern: + raise ValueError("Date type attributes with time zone not " + "supported, yet") + + if datetime_unit is None: + raise ValueError("Invalid or unsupported date format") + + return pattern, datetime_unit + else: + raise ValueError("Invalid or no date format") + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + + For date attributes, the attribute string would be like + 'date '. + """ + + attr_string_lower = attr_string.lower().strip() + + if attr_string_lower[:len('date')] == 'date': + date_format, datetime_unit = cls._get_date_format(attr_string) + return cls(name, date_format, datetime_unit) + else: + return None + + def parse_data(self, data_str): + """ + Parse a value of this type. + """ + date_str = data_str.strip().strip("'").strip('"') + if date_str == '?': + return np.datetime64('NaT', self.datetime_unit) + else: + dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(date_str, self.date_format) + return np.datetime64(dt).astype( + f"datetime64[{self.datetime_unit}]") + + def __str__(self): + return super().__str__() + ',' + self.date_format + + +class RelationalAttribute(Attribute): + + def __init__(self, name): + super().__init__(name) + self.type_name = 'relational' + self.dtype = np.object_ + self.attributes = [] + self.dialect = None + + @classmethod + def parse_attribute(cls, name, attr_string): + """ + Parse the attribute line if it knows how. Returns the parsed + attribute, or None. + + For date attributes, the attribute string would be like + 'date '. + """ + + attr_string_lower = attr_string.lower().strip() + + if attr_string_lower[:len('relational')] == 'relational': + return cls(name) + else: + return None + + def parse_data(self, data_str): + # Copy-pasted + elems = list(range(len(self.attributes))) + + escaped_string = data_str.encode().decode("unicode-escape") + + row_tuples = [] + + for raw in escaped_string.split("\n"): + row, self.dialect = split_data_line(raw, self.dialect) + + row_tuples.append(tuple( + [self.attributes[i].parse_data(row[i]) for i in elems])) + + return np.array(row_tuples, + [(a.name, a.dtype) for a in self.attributes]) + + def __str__(self): + return (super().__str__() + '\n\t' + + '\n\t'.join(str(a) for a in self.attributes)) + + +# ----------------- +# Various utilities +# ----------------- +def to_attribute(name, attr_string): + attr_classes = (NominalAttribute, NumericAttribute, DateAttribute, + StringAttribute, RelationalAttribute) + + for cls in attr_classes: + attr = cls.parse_attribute(name, attr_string) + if attr is not None: + return attr + + raise ParseArffError(f"unknown attribute {attr_string}") + + +def csv_sniffer_has_bug_last_field(): + """ + Checks if the bug https://bugs.python.org/issue30157 is unpatched. + """ + + # We only compute this once. + has_bug = getattr(csv_sniffer_has_bug_last_field, "has_bug", None) + + if has_bug is None: + dialect = csv.Sniffer().sniff("3, 'a'") + csv_sniffer_has_bug_last_field.has_bug = dialect.quotechar != "'" + has_bug = csv_sniffer_has_bug_last_field.has_bug + + return has_bug + + +def workaround_csv_sniffer_bug_last_field(sniff_line, dialect, delimiters): + """ + Workaround for the bug https://bugs.python.org/issue30157 if is unpatched. + """ + if csv_sniffer_has_bug_last_field(): + # Reuses code from the csv module + right_regex = r'(?P[^\w\n"\'])(?P ?)(?P["\']).*?(?P=quote)(?:$|\n)' # noqa: E501 + + for restr in (r'(?P[^\w\n"\'])(?P ?)(?P["\']).*?(?P=quote)(?P=delim)', # ,".*?", # noqa: E501 + r'(?:^|\n)(?P["\']).*?(?P=quote)(?P[^\w\n"\'])(?P ?)', # .*?", # noqa: E501 + right_regex, # ,".*?" + r'(?:^|\n)(?P["\']).*?(?P=quote)(?:$|\n)'): # ".*?" (no delim, no space) # noqa: E501 + regexp = re.compile(restr, re.DOTALL | re.MULTILINE) + matches = regexp.findall(sniff_line) + if matches: + break + + # If it does not match the expression that was bugged, + # then this bug does not apply + if restr != right_regex: + return + + groupindex = regexp.groupindex + + # There is only one end of the string + assert len(matches) == 1 + m = matches[0] + + n = groupindex['quote'] - 1 + quote = m[n] + + n = groupindex['delim'] - 1 + delim = m[n] + + n = groupindex['space'] - 1 + space = bool(m[n]) + + dq_regexp = re.compile( + rf"(({re.escape(delim)})|^)\W*{quote}[^{re.escape(delim)}\n]*{quote}[^{re.escape(delim)}\n]*{quote}\W*(({re.escape(delim)})|$)", re.MULTILINE # noqa: E501 + ) + + doublequote = bool(dq_regexp.search(sniff_line)) + + dialect.quotechar = quote + if delim in delimiters: + dialect.delimiter = delim + dialect.doublequote = doublequote + dialect.skipinitialspace = space + + +def split_data_line(line, dialect=None): + delimiters = ",\t" + + # This can not be done in a per reader basis, and relational fields + # can be HUGE + csv.field_size_limit(int(ctypes.c_ulong(-1).value // 2)) + + # Remove the line end if any + if line[-1] == '\n': + line = line[:-1] + + # Remove potential trailing whitespace + line = line.strip() + + sniff_line = line + + # Add a delimiter if none is present, so that the csv.Sniffer + # does not complain for a single-field CSV. + if not any(d in line for d in delimiters): + sniff_line += "," + + if dialect is None: + dialect = csv.Sniffer().sniff(sniff_line, delimiters=delimiters) + workaround_csv_sniffer_bug_last_field(sniff_line=sniff_line, + dialect=dialect, + delimiters=delimiters) + + row = next(csv.reader([line], dialect)) + + return row, dialect + + +# -------------- +# Parsing header +# -------------- +def tokenize_attribute(iterable, attribute): + """Parse a raw string in header (e.g., starts by @attribute). + + Given a raw string attribute, try to get the name and type of the + attribute. Constraints: + + * The first line must start with @attribute (case insensitive, and + space like characters before @attribute are allowed) + * Works also if the attribute is spread on multilines. + * Works if empty lines or comments are in between + + Parameters + ---------- + attribute : str + the attribute string. + + Returns + ------- + name : str + name of the attribute + value : str + value of the attribute + next : str + next line to be parsed + + Examples + -------- + If attribute is a string defined in python as r"floupi real", will + return floupi as name, and real as value. + + >>> from scipy.io.arff._arffread import tokenize_attribute + >>> iterable = iter([0] * 10) # dummy iterator + >>> tokenize_attribute(iterable, r"@attribute floupi real") + ('floupi', 'real', 0) + + If attribute is r"'floupi 2' real", will return 'floupi 2' as name, + and real as value. + + >>> tokenize_attribute(iterable, r" @attribute 'floupi 2' real ") + ('floupi 2', 'real', 0) + + """ + sattr = attribute.strip() + mattr = r_attribute.match(sattr) + if mattr: + # atrv is everything after @attribute + atrv = mattr.group(1) + if r_comattrval.match(atrv): + name, type = tokenize_single_comma(atrv) + next_item = next(iterable) + elif r_wcomattrval.match(atrv): + name, type = tokenize_single_wcomma(atrv) + next_item = next(iterable) + else: + # Not sure we should support this, as it does not seem supported by + # weka. + raise ValueError("multi line not supported yet") + else: + raise ValueError(f"First line unparsable: {sattr}") + + attribute = to_attribute(name, type) + + if type.lower() == 'relational': + next_item = read_relational_attribute(iterable, attribute, next_item) + # raise ValueError("relational attributes not supported yet") + + return attribute, next_item + + +def tokenize_single_comma(val): + # XXX we match twice the same string (here and at the caller level). It is + # stupid, but it is easier for now... + m = r_comattrval.match(val) + if m: + try: + name = m.group(1).strip() + type = m.group(2).strip() + except IndexError as e: + raise ValueError("Error while tokenizing attribute") from e + else: + raise ValueError(f"Error while tokenizing single {val}") + return name, type + + +def tokenize_single_wcomma(val): + # XXX we match twice the same string (here and at the caller level). It is + # stupid, but it is easier for now... + m = r_wcomattrval.match(val) + if m: + try: + name = m.group(1).strip() + type = m.group(2).strip() + except IndexError as e: + raise ValueError("Error while tokenizing attribute") from e + else: + raise ValueError(f"Error while tokenizing single {val}") + return name, type + + +def read_relational_attribute(ofile, relational_attribute, i): + """Read the nested attributes of a relational attribute""" + + r_end_relational = re.compile(r'^@[Ee][Nn][Dd]\s*' + + relational_attribute.name + r'\s*$') + + while not r_end_relational.match(i): + m = r_headerline.match(i) + if m: + isattr = r_attribute.match(i) + if isattr: + attr, i = tokenize_attribute(ofile, i) + relational_attribute.attributes.append(attr) + else: + raise ValueError(f"Error parsing line {i}") + else: + i = next(ofile) + + i = next(ofile) + return i + + +def read_header(ofile): + """Read the header of the iterable ofile.""" + i = next(ofile) + + # Pass first comments + while r_comment.match(i): + i = next(ofile) + + # Header is everything up to DATA attribute ? + relation = None + attributes = [] + while not r_datameta.match(i): + m = r_headerline.match(i) + if m: + isattr = r_attribute.match(i) + if isattr: + attr, i = tokenize_attribute(ofile, i) + attributes.append(attr) + else: + isrel = r_relation.match(i) + if isrel: + relation = isrel.group(1) + else: + raise ValueError(f"Error parsing line {i}") + i = next(ofile) + else: + i = next(ofile) + + return relation, attributes + + +class MetaData: + """Small container to keep useful information on a ARFF dataset. + + Knows about attributes names and types. + + Examples + -------- + :: + + data, meta = loadarff('iris.arff') + # This will print the attributes names of the iris.arff dataset + for i in meta: + print(i) + # This works too + meta.names() + # Getting attribute type + types = meta.types() + + Methods + ------- + names + types + + Notes + ----- + Also maintains the list of attributes in order, i.e., doing for i in + meta, where meta is an instance of MetaData, will return the + different attribute names in the order they were defined. + """ + def __init__(self, rel, attr): + self.name = rel + self._attributes = {a.name: a for a in attr} + + def __repr__(self): + msg = "" + msg += f"Dataset: {self.name}\n" + for i in self._attributes: + msg += f"\t{i}'s type is {self._attributes[i].type_name}" + if self._attributes[i].range: + msg += f", range is {str(self._attributes[i].range)}" + msg += '\n' + return msg + + def __iter__(self): + return iter(self._attributes) + + def __getitem__(self, key): + attr = self._attributes[key] + + return (attr.type_name, attr.range) + + def names(self): + """Return the list of attribute names. + + Returns + ------- + attrnames : list of str + The attribute names. + """ + return list(self._attributes) + + def types(self): + """Return the list of attribute types. + + Returns + ------- + attr_types : list of str + The attribute types. + """ + attr_types = [self._attributes[name].type_name + for name in self._attributes] + return attr_types + + +def loadarff(f): + """ + Read an arff file. + + The data is returned as a record array, which can be accessed much like + a dictionary of NumPy arrays. For example, if one of the attributes is + called 'pressure', then its first 10 data points can be accessed from the + ``data`` record array like so: ``data['pressure'][0:10]`` + + + Parameters + ---------- + f : file-like or str + File-like object to read from, or filename to open. + + Returns + ------- + data : record array + The data of the arff file, accessible by attribute names. + meta : `MetaData` + Contains information about the arff file such as name and + type of attributes, the relation (name of the dataset), etc. + + Raises + ------ + ParseArffError + This is raised if the given file is not ARFF-formatted. + NotImplementedError + The ARFF file has an attribute which is not supported yet. + + Notes + ----- + + This function should be able to read most arff files. Not + implemented functionality include: + + * date type attributes + * string type attributes + + It can read files with numeric and nominal attributes. It cannot read + files with sparse data ({} in the file). However, this function can + read files with missing data (? in the file), representing the data + points as NaNs. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.io import arff + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> content = \"\"\" + ... @relation foo + ... @attribute width numeric + ... @attribute height numeric + ... @attribute color {red,green,blue,yellow,black} + ... @data + ... 5.0,3.25,blue + ... 4.5,3.75,green + ... 3.0,4.00,red + ... \"\"\" + >>> f = StringIO(content) + >>> data, meta = arff.loadarff(f) + >>> data + array([(5.0, 3.25, 'blue'), (4.5, 3.75, 'green'), (3.0, 4.0, 'red')], + dtype=[('width', '>> meta + Dataset: foo + \twidth's type is numeric + \theight's type is numeric + \tcolor's type is nominal, range is ('red', 'green', 'blue', 'yellow', 'black') + + """ + if hasattr(f, 'read'): + ofile = f + else: + ofile = open(f) + try: + return _loadarff(ofile) + finally: + if ofile is not f: # only close what we opened + ofile.close() + + +def _loadarff(ofile): + # Parse the header file + try: + rel, attr = read_header(ofile) + except ValueError as e: + msg = "Error while parsing header, error was: " + str(e) + raise ParseArffError(msg) from e + + # Check whether we have a string attribute (not supported yet) + hasstr = False + for a in attr: + if isinstance(a, StringAttribute): + hasstr = True + + meta = MetaData(rel, attr) + + # XXX The following code is not great + # Build the type descriptor descr and the list of converters to convert + # each attribute to the suitable type (which should match the one in + # descr). + + # This can be used once we want to support integer as integer values and + # not as numeric anymore (using masked arrays ?). + + if hasstr: + # How to support string efficiently ? Ideally, we should know the max + # size of the string before allocating the numpy array. + raise NotImplementedError("String attributes not supported yet, sorry") + + ni = len(attr) + + def generator(row_iter, delim=','): + # TODO: this is where we are spending time (~80%). I think things + # could be made more efficiently: + # - We could for example "compile" the function, because some values + # do not change here. + # - The function to convert a line to dtyped values could also be + # generated on the fly from a string and be executed instead of + # looping. + # - The regex are overkill: for comments, checking that a line starts + # by % should be enough and faster, and for empty lines, same thing + # --> this does not seem to change anything. + + # 'compiling' the range since it does not change + # Note, I have already tried zipping the converters and + # row elements and got slightly worse performance. + elems = list(range(ni)) + + dialect = None + for raw in row_iter: + # We do not abstract skipping comments and empty lines for + # performance reasons. + if r_comment.match(raw) or r_empty.match(raw): + continue + + row, dialect = split_data_line(raw, dialect) + + yield tuple([attr[i].parse_data(row[i]) for i in elems]) + + a = list(generator(ofile)) + # No error should happen here: it is a bug otherwise + data = np.array(a, [(a.name, a.dtype) for a in attr]) + return data, meta + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/arffread.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/arffread.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c42ae31db6bde3987bd059cc7451d1ae87f0073c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/arffread.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.arff` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'MetaData', 'loadarff', 'ArffError', 'ParseArffError', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.arff", module="arffread", + private_modules=["_arffread"], all=__all__, 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/dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/iris.arff @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ +% 1. Title: Iris Plants Database +% +% 2. Sources: +% (a) Creator: R.A. Fisher +% (b) Donor: Michael Marshall (MARSHALL%PLU@io.arc.nasa.gov) +% (c) Date: July, 1988 +% +% 3. Past Usage: +% - Publications: too many to mention!!! Here are a few. +% 1. Fisher,R.A. "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems" +% Annual Eugenics, 7, Part II, 179-188 (1936); also in "Contributions +% to Mathematical Statistics" (John Wiley, NY, 1950). +% 2. Duda,R.O., & Hart,P.E. (1973) Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis. +% (Q327.D83) John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-22361-1. See page 218. +% 3. Dasarathy, B.V. (1980) "Nosing Around the Neighborhood: A New System +% Structure and Classification Rule for Recognition in Partially Exposed +% Environments". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine +% Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-2, No. 1, 67-71. +% -- Results: +% -- very low misclassification rates (0% for the setosa class) +% 4. Gates, G.W. (1972) "The Reduced Nearest Neighbor Rule". IEEE +% Transactions on Information Theory, May 1972, 431-433. +% -- Results: +% -- very low misclassification rates again +% 5. See also: 1988 MLC Proceedings, 54-64. Cheeseman et al's AUTOCLASS II +% conceptual clustering system finds 3 classes in the data. +% +% 4. Relevant Information: +% --- This is perhaps the best known database to be found in the pattern +% recognition literature. Fisher's paper is a classic in the field +% and is referenced frequently to this day. (See Duda & Hart, for +% example.) The data set contains 3 classes of 50 instances each, +% where each class refers to a type of iris plant. One class is +% linearly separable from the other 2; the latter are NOT linearly +% separable from each other. +% --- Predicted attribute: class of iris plant. +% --- This is an exceedingly simple domain. +% +% 5. Number of Instances: 150 (50 in each of three classes) +% +% 6. Number of Attributes: 4 numeric, predictive attributes and the class +% +% 7. Attribute Information: +% 1. sepal length in cm +% 2. sepal width in cm +% 3. petal length in cm +% 4. petal width in cm +% 5. class: +% -- Iris Setosa +% -- Iris Versicolour +% -- Iris Virginica +% +% 8. Missing Attribute Values: None +% +% Summary Statistics: +% Min Max Mean SD Class Correlation +% sepal length: 4.3 7.9 5.84 0.83 0.7826 +% sepal width: 2.0 4.4 3.05 0.43 -0.4194 +% petal length: 1.0 6.9 3.76 1.76 0.9490 (high!) +% petal width: 0.1 2.5 1.20 0.76 0.9565 (high!) +% +% 9. Class Distribution: 33.3% for each of 3 classes. + +@RELATION iris + +@ATTRIBUTE sepallength REAL +@ATTRIBUTE sepalwidth REAL +@ATTRIBUTE petallength REAL +@ATTRIBUTE petalwidth REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {Iris-setosa,Iris-versicolor,Iris-virginica} + +@DATA +5.1,3.5,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.9,3.0,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.7,3.2,1.3,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.6,3.1,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa +5.0,3.6,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa +5.4,3.9,1.7,0.4,Iris-setosa +4.6,3.4,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa +5.0,3.4,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.4,2.9,1.4,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.9,3.1,1.5,0.1,Iris-setosa +5.4,3.7,1.5,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.8,3.4,1.6,0.2,Iris-setosa +4.8,3.0,1.4,0.1,Iris-setosa +4.3,3.0,1.1,0.1,Iris-setosa +5.8,4.0,1.2,0.2,Iris-setosa +5.7,4.4,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa +5.4,3.9,1.3,0.4,Iris-setosa +5.1,3.5,1.4,0.3,Iris-setosa +5.7,3.8,1.7,0.3,Iris-setosa +5.1,3.8,1.5,0.3,Iris-setosa +5.4,3.4,1.7,0.2,Iris-setosa +5.1,3.7,1.5,0.4,Iris-setosa +4.6,3.6,1.0,0.2,Iris-setosa +5.1,3.3,1.7,0.5,Iris-setosa +4.8,3.4,1.9,0.2,Iris-setosa 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+5.9,3.0,5.1,1.8,Iris-virginica +% +% +% diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/missing.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/missing.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dedc64c8fa2fcdc0081b30b7804be85114495ce2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/missing.arff @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +% This arff file contains some missing data +@relation missing +@attribute yop real +@attribute yap real +@data +1,5 +2,4 +?,? diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/nodata.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/nodata.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5766aeb229a1b31378026274c366e8e9e44fd487 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/nodata.arff @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +@RELATION iris + +@ATTRIBUTE sepallength REAL +@ATTRIBUTE sepalwidth REAL +@ATTRIBUTE petallength REAL +@ATTRIBUTE petalwidth REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {Iris-setosa,Iris-versicolor,Iris-virginica} + +@DATA + +% This file has no data diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7cd16d1ef9b50cc1194d034ef4d458ef3cf0d417 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal.arff @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +% Regression test for issue #10232 : Exception in loadarff with quoted nominal attributes +% Spaces between elements are stripped by the parser + +@relation SOME_DATA +@attribute age numeric +@attribute smoker {'yes', 'no'} +@data +18, 'no' +24, 'yes' +44, 'no' +56, 'no' +89,'yes' +11, 'no' diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal_spaces.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal_spaces.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c799127862b6060442b29c9a0382836cc9c55537 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/quoted_nominal_spaces.arff @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +% Regression test for issue #10232 : Exception in loadarff with quoted nominal attributes +% Spaces inside quotes are NOT stripped by the parser + +@relation SOME_DATA +@attribute age numeric +@attribute smoker {' yes', 'no '} +@data +18,'no ' +24,' yes' +44,'no ' +56,'no ' +89,' yes' +11,'no ' diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test1.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test1.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ccc8e0cc7c43dc66ad7b3a8e4738c3322d3f79d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test1.arff @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +@RELATION test1 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {class0, class1, class2, class3} + +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test10.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test10.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..094ac5094a842866666726b358d2c66bf927c9d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test10.arff @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +@relation test9 + +@attribute attr_relational relational + @attribute attr_number integer +@end attr_relational + +@data 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\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test11.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test11.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fadfaee884e3e91cd59f691afd954a6a6d4042da --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test11.arff @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +@RELATION test11 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class { class0, class1, class2, class3 } +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 +-0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4,class2 +1, 2, 3, 4,class3 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test2.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test2.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..30f0dbf91b078ef670868d5e7321f956a6a7a506 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test2.arff @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +@RELATION test2 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 real +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 integer +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 Integer +@ATTRIBUTE attr4 Numeric +@ATTRIBUTE attr5 numeric +@ATTRIBUTE attr6 string +@ATTRIBUTE attr7 STRING +@ATTRIBUTE attr8 {bla} +@ATTRIBUTE attr9 {bla, bla} + +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test3.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test3.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..23da3b30967fcc95d70883f70be9ef6e39d577fa --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test3.arff @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +@RELATION test3 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 crap + +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test4.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test4.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bf5f99ca89375fbd980185fd25711901f23ff844 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test4.arff @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +@RELATION test5 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {class0, class1, class2, class3} +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 +-0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4,class2 +1, 2, 3, 4,class3 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test5.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test5.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0075daf05e7792e80dcd565e791ce40e4dd49e85 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test5.arff @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +@RELATION test4 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {class0, class1, class2, class3} + +@DATA + +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf + +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf + +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,class1 +% laksjdhf + +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf +-0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4,class2 + +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf + +% lsdflkjhaksjdhf + +1, 2, 3, 4,class3 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test6.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test6.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b63280b03aef8e0553a83fbf96692d280a3f86b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test6.arff @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +@RELATION test6 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr0 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr1 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr2 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE attr3 REAL +@ATTRIBUTE class {C} + +@DATA +0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,C +-0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4,C +1, 2, 3, 4,C diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test7.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test7.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38ef6c9a7a10afb10caa5913687ea3636ab1d38e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test7.arff @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +@RELATION test7 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr_year DATE yyyy +@ATTRIBUTE attr_month DATE yyyy-MM +@ATTRIBUTE attr_date DATE yyyy-MM-dd +@ATTRIBUTE attr_datetime_local DATE "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm" +@ATTRIBUTE attr_datetime_missing DATE "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm" + +@DATA +1999,1999-01,1999-01-31,"1999-01-31 00:01",? +2004,2004-12,2004-12-01,"2004-12-01 23:59","2004-12-01 23:59" +1817,1817-04,1817-04-28,"1817-04-28 13:00",? +2100,2100-09,2100-09-10,"2100-09-10 12:00",? +2013,2013-11,2013-11-30,"2013-11-30 04:55","2013-11-30 04:55" +1631,1631-10,1631-10-15,"1631-10-15 20:04","1631-10-15 20:04" \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test8.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test8.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..776deb4c9e7550eafdb26d16826f5651da37ef12 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test8.arff @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +@RELATION test8 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr_datetime_utc DATE "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm Z" +@ATTRIBUTE attr_datetime_full DATE "yy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss z" + +@DATA +"1999-01-31 00:01 UTC","99-01-31 00:01:08 +0430" +"2004-12-01 23:59 UTC","04-12-01 23:59:59 -0800" +"1817-04-28 13:00 UTC","17-04-28 13:00:33 +1000" +"2100-09-10 12:00 UTC","21-09-10 12:00:21 -0300" +"2013-11-30 04:55 UTC","13-11-30 04:55:48 -1100" +"1631-10-15 20:04 UTC","31-10-15 20:04:10 +0000" \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test9.arff b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test9.arff new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b3f97e32a3fd4909a3f9cbf8d5d2e8d250f8dbad --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/data/test9.arff @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +@RELATION test9 + +@ATTRIBUTE attr_date_number RELATIONAL + @ATTRIBUTE attr_date DATE "yyyy-MM-dd" + @ATTRIBUTE attr_number INTEGER +@END attr_date_number + +@DATA +"1999-01-31 1\n1935-11-27 10" +"2004-12-01 2\n1942-08-13 20" +"1817-04-28 3" +"2100-09-10 4\n1957-04-17 40\n1721-01-14 400" +"2013-11-30 5" +"1631-10-15 6" \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/test_arffread.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/test_arffread.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b8882e73bbae7b6a423638d87255bdfae77797a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/arff/tests/test_arffread.py @@ -0,0 +1,421 @@ +import datetime +import os +import sys +from os.path import join as pjoin + +from io import StringIO + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import (assert_array_almost_equal, + assert_array_equal, assert_equal, assert_) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.io.arff import loadarff +from scipy.io.arff._arffread import read_header, ParseArffError + + +data_path = pjoin(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'data') + +test1 = pjoin(data_path, 'test1.arff') +test2 = pjoin(data_path, 'test2.arff') +test3 = pjoin(data_path, 'test3.arff') + +test4 = pjoin(data_path, 'test4.arff') +test5 = pjoin(data_path, 'test5.arff') +test6 = pjoin(data_path, 'test6.arff') +test7 = pjoin(data_path, 'test7.arff') +test8 = pjoin(data_path, 'test8.arff') +test9 = pjoin(data_path, 'test9.arff') +test10 = pjoin(data_path, 'test10.arff') +test11 = pjoin(data_path, 'test11.arff') +test_quoted_nominal = pjoin(data_path, 'quoted_nominal.arff') +test_quoted_nominal_spaces = pjoin(data_path, 'quoted_nominal_spaces.arff') + +expect4_data = [(0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 'class1'), + (-0.1, -0.2, -0.3, -0.4, 'class2'), + (1, 2, 3, 4, 'class3')] +expected_types = ['numeric', 'numeric', 'numeric', 'numeric', 'nominal'] + +missing = pjoin(data_path, 'missing.arff') +expect_missing_raw = np.array([[1, 5], [2, 4], [np.nan, np.nan]]) +expect_missing = np.empty(3, [('yop', float), ('yap', float)]) +expect_missing['yop'] = expect_missing_raw[:, 0] +expect_missing['yap'] = expect_missing_raw[:, 1] + + +class TestData: + def test1(self): + # Parsing trivial file with nothing. + self._test(test4) + + def test2(self): + # Parsing trivial file with some comments in the data section. + self._test(test5) + + def test3(self): + # Parsing trivial file with nominal attribute of 1 character. + self._test(test6) + + def test4(self): + # Parsing trivial file with trailing spaces in attribute declaration. + self._test(test11) + + def _test(self, test_file): + data, meta = loadarff(test_file) + for i in range(len(data)): + for j in range(4): + assert_array_almost_equal(expect4_data[i][j], data[i][j]) + assert_equal(meta.types(), expected_types) + + def test_filelike(self): + # Test reading from file-like object (StringIO) + with open(test1) as f1: + data1, meta1 = loadarff(f1) + with open(test1) as f2: + data2, meta2 = loadarff(StringIO(f2.read())) + assert_(data1 == data2) + assert_(repr(meta1) == repr(meta2)) + + def test_path(self): + # Test reading from `pathlib.Path` object + from pathlib import Path + + with open(test1) as f1: + data1, meta1 = loadarff(f1) + + data2, meta2 = loadarff(Path(test1)) + + assert_(data1 == data2) + assert_(repr(meta1) == repr(meta2)) + + +class TestMissingData: + def test_missing(self): + data, meta = loadarff(missing) + for i in ['yop', 'yap']: + assert_array_almost_equal(data[i], expect_missing[i]) + + +class TestNoData: + def test_nodata(self): + # The file nodata.arff has no data in the @DATA section. + # Reading it should result in an array with length 0. + nodata_filename = os.path.join(data_path, 'nodata.arff') + data, meta = loadarff(nodata_filename) + if sys.byteorder == 'big': + end = '>' + else: + end = '<' + expected_dtype = np.dtype([('sepallength', f'{end}f8'), + ('sepalwidth', f'{end}f8'), + ('petallength', f'{end}f8'), + ('petalwidth', f'{end}f8'), + ('class', 'S15')]) + assert_equal(data.dtype, expected_dtype) + assert_equal(data.size, 0) + + +class TestHeader: + def test_type_parsing(self): + # Test parsing type of attribute from their value. + with open(test2) as ofile: + rel, attrs = read_header(ofile) + + expected = ['numeric', 'numeric', 'numeric', 'numeric', 'numeric', + 'numeric', 'string', 'string', 'nominal', 'nominal'] + + for i in range(len(attrs)): + assert_(attrs[i].type_name == expected[i]) + + def test_badtype_parsing(self): + # Test parsing wrong type of attribute from their value. + def badtype_read(): + with open(test3) as ofile: + _, _ = read_header(ofile) + + assert_raises(ParseArffError, badtype_read) + + def test_fullheader1(self): + # Parsing trivial header with nothing. + with open(test1) as ofile: + rel, attrs = read_header(ofile) + + # Test relation + assert_(rel == 'test1') + + # Test numerical attributes + assert_(len(attrs) == 5) + for i in range(4): + assert_(attrs[i].name == f'attr{i}') + assert_(attrs[i].type_name == 'numeric') + + # Test nominal attribute + assert_(attrs[4].name == 'class') + assert_(attrs[4].values == ('class0', 'class1', 'class2', 'class3')) + + def test_dateheader(self): + with open(test7) as ofile: + rel, attrs = read_header(ofile) + + assert_(rel == 'test7') + + assert_(len(attrs) == 5) + + assert_(attrs[0].name == 'attr_year') + assert_(attrs[0].date_format == '%Y') + + assert_(attrs[1].name == 'attr_month') + assert_(attrs[1].date_format == '%Y-%m') + + assert_(attrs[2].name == 'attr_date') + assert_(attrs[2].date_format == '%Y-%m-%d') + + assert_(attrs[3].name == 'attr_datetime_local') + assert_(attrs[3].date_format == '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M') + + assert_(attrs[4].name == 'attr_datetime_missing') + assert_(attrs[4].date_format == '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M') + + def test_dateheader_unsupported(self): + def read_dateheader_unsupported(): + with open(test8) as ofile: + _, _ = read_header(ofile) + + assert_raises(ValueError, read_dateheader_unsupported) + + +class TestDateAttribute: + def setup_method(self): + self.data, self.meta = loadarff(test7) + + def test_year_attribute(self): + expected = np.array([ + '1999', + '2004', + '1817', + '2100', + '2013', + '1631' + ], dtype='datetime64[Y]') + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_year"], expected) + + def test_month_attribute(self): + expected = np.array([ + '1999-01', + '2004-12', + '1817-04', + '2100-09', + '2013-11', + '1631-10' + ], dtype='datetime64[M]') + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_month"], expected) + + def test_date_attribute(self): + expected = np.array([ + '1999-01-31', + '2004-12-01', + '1817-04-28', + '2100-09-10', + '2013-11-30', + '1631-10-15' + ], dtype='datetime64[D]') + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_date"], expected) + + def test_datetime_local_attribute(self): + expected = np.array([ + datetime.datetime(year=1999, month=1, day=31, hour=0, minute=1), + datetime.datetime(year=2004, month=12, day=1, hour=23, minute=59), + datetime.datetime(year=1817, month=4, day=28, hour=13, minute=0), + datetime.datetime(year=2100, month=9, day=10, hour=12, minute=0), + datetime.datetime(year=2013, month=11, day=30, hour=4, minute=55), + datetime.datetime(year=1631, month=10, day=15, hour=20, minute=4) + ], dtype='datetime64[m]') + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_datetime_local"], expected) + + def test_datetime_missing(self): + expected = np.array([ + 'nat', + '2004-12-01T23:59', + 'nat', + 'nat', + '2013-11-30T04:55', + '1631-10-15T20:04' + ], dtype='datetime64[m]') + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_datetime_missing"], expected) + + def test_datetime_timezone(self): + assert_raises(ParseArffError, loadarff, test8) + + +class TestRelationalAttribute: + def setup_method(self): + self.data, self.meta = loadarff(test9) + + def test_attributes(self): + assert_equal(len(self.meta._attributes), 1) + + relational = list(self.meta._attributes.values())[0] + + assert_equal(relational.name, 'attr_date_number') + assert_equal(relational.type_name, 'relational') + assert_equal(len(relational.attributes), 2) + assert_equal(relational.attributes[0].name, + 'attr_date') + assert_equal(relational.attributes[0].type_name, + 'date') + assert_equal(relational.attributes[1].name, + 'attr_number') + assert_equal(relational.attributes[1].type_name, + 'numeric') + + def test_data(self): + dtype_instance = [('attr_date', 'datetime64[D]'), + ('attr_number', np.float64)] + + expected = [ + np.array([('1999-01-31', 1), ('1935-11-27', 10)], + dtype=dtype_instance), + np.array([('2004-12-01', 2), ('1942-08-13', 20)], + dtype=dtype_instance), + np.array([('1817-04-28', 3)], + dtype=dtype_instance), + np.array([('2100-09-10', 4), ('1957-04-17', 40), + ('1721-01-14', 400)], + dtype=dtype_instance), + np.array([('2013-11-30', 5)], + dtype=dtype_instance), + np.array([('1631-10-15', 6)], + dtype=dtype_instance) + ] + + for i in range(len(self.data["attr_date_number"])): + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_date_number"][i], + expected[i]) + + +class TestRelationalAttributeLong: + def setup_method(self): + self.data, self.meta = loadarff(test10) + + def test_attributes(self): + assert_equal(len(self.meta._attributes), 1) + + relational = list(self.meta._attributes.values())[0] + + assert_equal(relational.name, 'attr_relational') + assert_equal(relational.type_name, 'relational') + assert_equal(len(relational.attributes), 1) + assert_equal(relational.attributes[0].name, + 'attr_number') + assert_equal(relational.attributes[0].type_name, 'numeric') + + def test_data(self): + dtype_instance = [('attr_number', np.float64)] + + expected = np.array([(n,) for n in range(30000)], + dtype=dtype_instance) + + assert_array_equal(self.data["attr_relational"][0], + expected) + + +class TestQuotedNominal: + """ + Regression test for issue #10232: + + Exception in loadarff with quoted nominal attributes. + """ + + def setup_method(self): + self.data, self.meta = loadarff(test_quoted_nominal) + + def test_attributes(self): + assert_equal(len(self.meta._attributes), 2) + + age, smoker = self.meta._attributes.values() + + assert_equal(age.name, 'age') + assert_equal(age.type_name, 'numeric') + assert_equal(smoker.name, 'smoker') + assert_equal(smoker.type_name, 'nominal') + assert_equal(smoker.values, ['yes', 'no']) + + def test_data(self): + + age_dtype_instance = np.float64 + smoker_dtype_instance = '' (big endian) + +''' +import sys + +__all__ = [ + 'aliases', 'native_code', 'swapped_code', + 'sys_is_le', 'to_numpy_code' +] + +sys_is_le = sys.byteorder == 'little' +native_code = sys_is_le and '<' or '>' +swapped_code = sys_is_le and '>' or '<' + +aliases = {'little': ('little', '<', 'l', 'le'), + 'big': ('big', '>', 'b', 'be'), + 'native': ('native', '='), + 'swapped': ('swapped', 'S')} + + +def to_numpy_code(code): + """ + Convert various order codings to NumPy format. + + Parameters + ---------- + code : str + The code to convert. It is converted to lower case before parsing. + Legal values are: + 'little', 'big', 'l', 'b', 'le', 'be', '<', '>', 'native', '=', + 'swapped', 's'. + + Returns + ------- + out_code : {'<', '>'} + Here '<' is the numpy dtype code for little endian, + and '>' is the code for big endian. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import sys + >>> from scipy.io.matlab._byteordercodes import to_numpy_code + >>> sys_is_le = (sys.byteorder == 'little') + >>> sys_is_le + True + >>> to_numpy_code('big') + '>' + >>> to_numpy_code('little') + '<' + >>> nc = to_numpy_code('native') + >>> nc == '<' if sys_is_le else nc == '>' + True + >>> sc = to_numpy_code('swapped') + >>> sc == '>' if sys_is_le else sc == '<' + True + + """ + code = code.lower() + if code is None: + return native_code + if code in aliases['little']: + return '<' + elif code in aliases['big']: + return '>' + elif code in aliases['native']: + return native_code + elif code in aliases['swapped']: + return swapped_code + else: + raise ValueError( + f'We cannot handle byte order {code}') diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b7c6a47fa4e648e30d7bead268cbab53d5ca03a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio.py @@ -0,0 +1,377 @@ +""" +Module for reading and writing matlab (TM) .mat files +""" +# Authors: Travis Oliphant, Matthew Brett + +from contextlib import contextmanager + +from ._miobase import _get_matfile_version, docfiller +from ._mio4 import MatFile4Reader, MatFile4Writer +from ._mio5 import MatFile5Reader, MatFile5Writer + +__all__ = ['loadmat', 'savemat', 'whosmat'] + + +@contextmanager +def _open_file_context(file_like, appendmat, mode='rb'): + f, opened = _open_file(file_like, appendmat, mode) + try: + yield f + finally: + if opened: + f.close() + + +def _open_file(file_like, appendmat, mode='rb'): + """ + Open `file_like` and return as file-like object. First, check if object is + already file-like; if so, return it as-is. Otherwise, try to pass it + to open(). If that fails, and `file_like` is a string, and `appendmat` is true, + append '.mat' and try again. + """ + reqs = {'read'} if set(mode) & set('r+') else set() + if set(mode) & set('wax+'): + reqs.add('write') + if reqs.issubset(dir(file_like)): + return file_like, False + + try: + return open(file_like, mode), True + except OSError as e: + # Probably "not found" + if isinstance(file_like, str): + if appendmat and not file_like.endswith('.mat'): + file_like += '.mat' + return open(file_like, mode), True + else: + raise OSError( + 'Reader needs file name or open file-like object' + ) from e + + +@docfiller +def mat_reader_factory(file_name, appendmat=True, **kwargs): + """ + Create reader for matlab .mat format files. + + Parameters + ---------- + %(file_arg)s + %(append_arg)s + %(load_args)s + %(struct_arg)s + + Returns + ------- + matreader : MatFileReader object + Initialized instance of MatFileReader class matching the mat file + type detected in `filename`. + file_opened : bool + Whether the file was opened by this routine. + + """ + byte_stream, file_opened = _open_file(file_name, appendmat) + mjv, mnv = _get_matfile_version(byte_stream) + if mjv == 0: + return MatFile4Reader(byte_stream, **kwargs), file_opened + elif mjv == 1: + return MatFile5Reader(byte_stream, **kwargs), file_opened + elif mjv == 2: + raise NotImplementedError('Please use HDF reader for matlab v7.3 ' + 'files, e.g. h5py') + else: + raise TypeError(f'Did not recognize version {mjv}') + + +@docfiller +def loadmat(file_name, mdict=None, appendmat=True, *, spmatrix=True, **kwargs): + """ + Load MATLAB file. + + Parameters + ---------- + file_name : str + Name of the mat file (do not need .mat extension if + appendmat==True). Can also pass open file-like object. + mdict : dict, optional + Dictionary in which to insert matfile variables. + appendmat : bool, optional + True to append the .mat extension to the end of the given + filename, if not already present. Default is True. + spmatrix : bool, optional (default: True) + If ``True``, return sparse matrix. Otherwise return sparse array. + Format is `COO` for MatFile 4 and `CSC` for MatFile 5. + Only relevant for sparse variables. + byte_order : str or None, optional + None by default, implying byte order guessed from mat + file. Otherwise can be one of ('native', '=', 'little', '<', + 'BIG', '>'). + mat_dtype : bool, optional + If True, return arrays in same dtype as would be loaded into + MATLAB (instead of the dtype with which they are saved). + squeeze_me : bool, optional + Whether to squeeze unit matrix dimensions or not. + chars_as_strings : bool, optional + Whether to convert char arrays to string arrays. + matlab_compatible : bool, optional + Returns matrices as would be loaded by MATLAB (implies + squeeze_me=False, chars_as_strings=False, mat_dtype=True, + struct_as_record=True). + struct_as_record : bool, optional + Whether to load MATLAB structs as NumPy record arrays, or as + old-style NumPy arrays with dtype=object. Setting this flag to + False replicates the behavior of scipy version 0.7.x (returning + NumPy object arrays). The default setting is True, because it + allows easier round-trip load and save of MATLAB files. + verify_compressed_data_integrity : bool, optional + Whether the length of compressed sequences in the MATLAB file + should be checked, to ensure that they are not longer than we expect. + It is advisable to enable this (the default) because overlong + compressed sequences in MATLAB files generally indicate that the + files have experienced some sort of corruption. + variable_names : None or sequence + If None (the default) - read all variables in file. Otherwise, + `variable_names` should be a sequence of strings, giving names of the + MATLAB variables to read from the file. The reader will skip any + variable with a name not in this sequence, possibly saving some read + processing. + simplify_cells : False, optional + If True, return a simplified dict structure (which is useful if the mat + file contains cell arrays). Note that this only affects the structure + of the result and not its contents (which is identical for both output + structures). If True, this automatically sets `struct_as_record` to + False and `squeeze_me` to True, which is required to simplify cells. + uint16_codec : str, optional + The codec to use for decoding characters, which are stored as uint16 + values. The default uses the system encoding, but this can be manually + set to other values such as 'ascii', 'latin1', and 'utf-8'. This + parameter is relevant only for files stored as v6 and above, and not + for files stored as v4. + + Returns + ------- + mat_dict : dict + dictionary with variable names as keys, and loaded matrices as values. + + Notes + ----- + v4 (Level 1.0), v6 and v7 to 7.2 matfiles are supported. + + You will need an HDF5 Python library to read MATLAB 7.3 format mat + files. Because SciPy does not supply one, we do not implement the + HDF5 / 7.3 interface here. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from os.path import dirname, join as pjoin + >>> import scipy.io as sio + + Get the filename for an example .mat file from the tests/data directory. + + >>> data_dir = pjoin(dirname(sio.__file__), 'matlab', 'tests', 'data') + >>> mat_fname = pjoin(data_dir, 'testdouble_7.4_GLNX86.mat') + + Load the .mat file contents. + + >>> mat_contents = sio.loadmat(mat_fname, spmatrix=False) + + The result is a dictionary, one key/value pair for each variable: + + >>> sorted(mat_contents.keys()) + ['__globals__', '__header__', '__version__', 'testdouble'] + >>> mat_contents['testdouble'] + array([[0. , 0.78539816, 1.57079633, 2.35619449, 3.14159265, + 3.92699082, 4.71238898, 5.49778714, 6.28318531]]) + + By default SciPy reads MATLAB structs as structured NumPy arrays where the + dtype fields are of type `object` and the names correspond to the MATLAB + struct field names. This can be disabled by setting the optional argument + `struct_as_record=False`. + + Get the filename for an example .mat file that contains a MATLAB struct + called `teststruct` and load the contents. + + >>> matstruct_fname = pjoin(data_dir, 'teststruct_7.4_GLNX86.mat') + >>> matstruct_contents = sio.loadmat(matstruct_fname) + >>> teststruct = matstruct_contents['teststruct'] + >>> teststruct.dtype + dtype([('stringfield', 'O'), ('doublefield', 'O'), ('complexfield', 'O')]) + + The size of the structured array is the size of the MATLAB struct, not the + number of elements in any particular field. The shape defaults to 2-D + unless the optional argument `squeeze_me=True`, in which case all length 1 + dimensions are removed. + + >>> teststruct.size + 1 + >>> teststruct.shape + (1, 1) + + Get the 'stringfield' of the first element in the MATLAB struct. + + >>> teststruct[0, 0]['stringfield'] + array(['Rats live on no evil star.'], + dtype='>> teststruct['doublefield'][0, 0] + array([[ 1.41421356, 2.71828183, 3.14159265]]) + + Load the MATLAB struct, squeezing out length 1 dimensions, and get the item + from the 'complexfield'. + + >>> matstruct_squeezed = sio.loadmat(matstruct_fname, squeeze_me=True) + >>> matstruct_squeezed['teststruct'].shape + () + >>> matstruct_squeezed['teststruct']['complexfield'].shape + () + >>> matstruct_squeezed['teststruct']['complexfield'].item() + array([ 1.41421356+1.41421356j, 2.71828183+2.71828183j, + 3.14159265+3.14159265j]) + """ + variable_names = kwargs.pop('variable_names', None) + with _open_file_context(file_name, appendmat) as f: + MR, _ = mat_reader_factory(f, **kwargs) + matfile_dict = MR.get_variables(variable_names) + if spmatrix: + from scipy.sparse import issparse, coo_matrix, csc_matrix + for name, var in list(matfile_dict.items()): + if issparse(var): + fmt_matrix = coo_matrix if var.format == "coo" else csc_matrix + matfile_dict[name] = fmt_matrix(var) + + if mdict is not None: + mdict.update(matfile_dict) + else: + mdict = matfile_dict + + return mdict + + +@docfiller +def savemat(file_name, mdict, + appendmat=True, + format='5', + long_field_names=False, + do_compression=False, + oned_as='row'): + """ + Save a dictionary of names and arrays into a MATLAB-style .mat file. + + This saves the array objects in the given dictionary to a MATLAB- + style .mat file. + + Parameters + ---------- + file_name : str or file-like object + Name of the .mat file (.mat extension not needed if ``appendmat == + True``). + Can also pass open file_like object. + mdict : dict + Dictionary from which to save matfile variables. Note that if this dict + has a key starting with ``_`` or a sub-dict has a key starting with ``_`` + or a digit, these key's items will not be saved in the mat file and + `MatWriteWarning` will be issued. + appendmat : bool, optional + True (the default) to append the .mat extension to the end of the + given filename, if not already present. + format : {'5', '4'}, string, optional + '5' (the default) for MATLAB 5 and up (to 7.2), + '4' for MATLAB 4 .mat files. + long_field_names : bool, optional + False (the default) - maximum field name length in a structure is + 31 characters which is the documented maximum length. + True - maximum field name length in a structure is 63 characters + which works for MATLAB 7.6+. + do_compression : bool, optional + Whether or not to compress matrices on write. Default is False. + oned_as : {'row', 'column'}, optional + If 'column', write 1-D NumPy arrays as column vectors. + If 'row', write 1-D NumPy arrays as row vectors. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.io import savemat + >>> import numpy as np + >>> a = np.arange(20) + >>> mdic = {"a": a, "label": "experiment"} + >>> mdic + {'a': array([ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, + 17, 18, 19]), + 'label': 'experiment'} + >>> savemat("matlab_matrix.mat", mdic) + """ + with _open_file_context(file_name, appendmat, 'wb') as file_stream: + if format == '4': + if long_field_names: + message = "Long field names are not available for version 4 files" + raise ValueError(message) + MW = MatFile4Writer(file_stream, oned_as) + elif format == '5': + MW = MatFile5Writer(file_stream, + do_compression=do_compression, + unicode_strings=True, + long_field_names=long_field_names, + oned_as=oned_as) + else: + raise ValueError("Format should be '4' or '5'") + MW.put_variables(mdict) + + +@docfiller +def whosmat(file_name, appendmat=True, **kwargs): + """ + List variables inside a MATLAB file. + + Parameters + ---------- + %(file_arg)s + %(append_arg)s + %(load_args)s + %(struct_arg)s + + Returns + ------- + variables : list of tuples + A list of tuples, where each tuple holds the matrix name (a string), + its shape (tuple of ints), and its data class (a string). + Possible data classes are: int8, uint8, int16, uint16, int32, uint32, + int64, uint64, single, double, cell, struct, object, char, sparse, + function, opaque, logical, unknown. + + Notes + ----- + v4 (Level 1.0), v6 and v7 to 7.2 matfiles are supported. + + You will need an HDF5 python library to read matlab 7.3 format mat + files (e.g. h5py). Because SciPy does not supply one, we do not implement the + HDF5 / 7.3 interface here. + + .. versionadded:: 0.12.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import BytesIO + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.io import savemat, whosmat + + Create some arrays, and use `savemat` to write them to a ``BytesIO`` + instance. + + >>> a = np.array([[10, 20, 30], [11, 21, 31]], dtype=np.int32) + >>> b = np.geomspace(1, 10, 5) + >>> f = BytesIO() + >>> savemat(f, {'a': a, 'b': b}) + + Use `whosmat` to inspect ``f``. Each tuple in the output list gives + the name, shape and data type of the array in ``f``. + + >>> whosmat(f) + [('a', (2, 3), 'int32'), ('b', (1, 5), 'double')] + + """ + with _open_file_context(file_name, appendmat) as f: + ML, file_opened = mat_reader_factory(f, **kwargs) + variables = ML.list_variables() + return variables diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio4.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio4.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b108386d110e6062d088498259e849603583eb94 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio4.py @@ -0,0 +1,632 @@ +''' Classes for read / write of matlab (TM) 4 files +''' +import sys +import warnings +import math +from operator import mul + +import numpy as np + +import scipy.sparse + +from ._miobase import (MatFileReader, docfiller, matdims, read_dtype, + convert_dtypes, arr_to_chars, arr_dtype_number) + +from ._mio_utils import squeeze_element, chars_to_strings +from functools import reduce + + +__all__ = [ + 'MatFile4Reader', 'MatFile4Writer', 'SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN', + 'VarHeader4', 'VarReader4', 'VarWriter4', 'arr_to_2d', 'mclass_info', + 'mdtypes_template', 'miDOUBLE', 'miINT16', 'miINT32', 'miSINGLE', + 'miUINT16', 'miUINT8', 'mxCHAR_CLASS', 'mxFULL_CLASS', 'mxSPARSE_CLASS', + 'np_to_mtypes', 'order_codes' +] + + +SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN = sys.byteorder == 'little' + +miDOUBLE = 0 +miSINGLE = 1 +miINT32 = 2 +miINT16 = 3 +miUINT16 = 4 +miUINT8 = 5 + +mdtypes_template = { + miDOUBLE: 'f8', + miSINGLE: 'f4', + miINT32: 'i4', + miINT16: 'i2', + miUINT16: 'u2', + miUINT8: 'u1', + 'header': [('mopt', 'i4'), + ('mrows', 'i4'), + ('ncols', 'i4'), + ('imagf', 'i4'), + ('namlen', 'i4')], + 'U1': 'U1', + } + +np_to_mtypes = { + 'f8': miDOUBLE, + 'c32': miDOUBLE, + 'c24': miDOUBLE, + 'c16': miDOUBLE, + 'f4': miSINGLE, + 'c8': miSINGLE, + 'i4': miINT32, + 'i2': miINT16, + 'u2': miUINT16, + 'u1': miUINT8, + 'S1': miUINT8, + } + +# matrix classes +mxFULL_CLASS = 0 +mxCHAR_CLASS = 1 +mxSPARSE_CLASS = 2 + +order_codes = { + 0: '<', + 1: '>', + 2: 'VAX D-float', # ! + 3: 'VAX G-float', + 4: 'Cray', # !! + } + +mclass_info = { + mxFULL_CLASS: 'double', + mxCHAR_CLASS: 'char', + mxSPARSE_CLASS: 'sparse', + } + + +_MAX_INTP = np.iinfo(np.intp).max + + +class VarHeader4: + # Mat4 variables never logical or global + is_logical = False + is_global = False + + def __init__(self, + name, + dtype, + mclass, + dims, + is_complex): + self.name = name + self.dtype = dtype + self.mclass = mclass + self.dims = dims + self.is_complex = is_complex + + +class VarReader4: + ''' Class to read matlab 4 variables ''' + + def __init__(self, file_reader): + self.file_reader = file_reader + self.mat_stream = file_reader.mat_stream + self.dtypes = file_reader.dtypes + self.chars_as_strings = file_reader.chars_as_strings + self.squeeze_me = file_reader.squeeze_me + + def read_header(self): + ''' Read and return header for variable ''' + data = read_dtype(self.mat_stream, self.dtypes['header']) + name = self.mat_stream.read(int(data['namlen'])).strip(b'\x00') + if data['mopt'] < 0 or data['mopt'] > 5000: + raise ValueError('Mat 4 mopt wrong format, byteswapping problem?') + M, rest = divmod(data['mopt'], 1000) # order code + if M not in (0, 1): + warnings.warn(f"We do not support byte ordering '{order_codes[M]}';" + " returned data may be corrupt", + UserWarning, stacklevel=3) + O, rest = divmod(rest, 100) # unused, should be 0 + if O != 0: + raise ValueError('O in MOPT integer should be 0, wrong format?') + P, rest = divmod(rest, 10) # data type code e.g miDOUBLE (see above) + T = rest # matrix type code e.g., mxFULL_CLASS (see above) + dims = (data['mrows'], data['ncols']) + is_complex = data['imagf'] == 1 + dtype = self.dtypes[P] + return VarHeader4( + name, + dtype, + T, + dims, + is_complex) + + def array_from_header(self, hdr, process=True): + mclass = hdr.mclass + if mclass == mxFULL_CLASS: + arr = self.read_full_array(hdr) + elif mclass == mxCHAR_CLASS: + arr = self.read_char_array(hdr) + if process and self.chars_as_strings: + arr = chars_to_strings(arr) + elif mclass == mxSPARSE_CLASS: + # no current processing (below) makes sense for sparse + return self.read_sparse_array(hdr) + else: + raise TypeError(f'No reader for class code {mclass}') + if process and self.squeeze_me: + return squeeze_element(arr) + return arr + + def read_sub_array(self, hdr, copy=True): + ''' Mat4 read using header `hdr` dtype and dims + + Parameters + ---------- + hdr : object + object with attributes ``dtype``, ``dims``. dtype is assumed to be + the correct endianness + copy : bool, optional + copies array before return if True (default True) + (buffer is usually read only) + + Returns + ------- + arr : ndarray + of dtype given by `hdr` ``dtype`` and shape given by `hdr` ``dims`` + ''' + dt = hdr.dtype + # Fast product for large (>2GB) arrays. + num_bytes = reduce(mul, hdr.dims, np.int64(dt.itemsize)) + if num_bytes > _MAX_INTP: + raise ValueError( + f"Variable '{hdr.name.decode('latin1')}' has byte length " + f"longer than largest possible NumPy array on this platform.") + buffer = self.mat_stream.read(num_bytes) + if len(buffer) != num_bytes: + raise ValueError( + f"Not enough bytes to read matrix " + f"'{hdr.name.decode('latin1')}'; is this a badly-formed file? " + f"Consider listing matrices with `whosmat` and loading named " + f"matrices with `variable_names` kwarg to `loadmat`") + arr = np.ndarray(shape=hdr.dims, + dtype=dt, + buffer=buffer, + order='F') + if copy: + arr = arr.copy() + return arr + + def read_full_array(self, hdr): + ''' Full (rather than sparse) matrix getter + + Read matrix (array) can be real or complex + + Parameters + ---------- + hdr : ``VarHeader4`` instance + + Returns + ------- + arr : ndarray + complex array if ``hdr.is_complex`` is True, otherwise a real + numeric array + ''' + if hdr.is_complex: + # avoid array copy to save memory + res = self.read_sub_array(hdr, copy=False) + res_j = self.read_sub_array(hdr, copy=False) + return res + (res_j * 1j) + return self.read_sub_array(hdr) + + def read_char_array(self, hdr): + ''' latin-1 text matrix (char matrix) reader + + Parameters + ---------- + hdr : ``VarHeader4`` instance + + Returns + ------- + arr : ndarray + with dtype 'U1', shape given by `hdr` ``dims`` + ''' + arr = self.read_sub_array(hdr).astype(np.uint8) + S = arr.tobytes().decode('latin-1') + return np.ndarray(shape=hdr.dims, + dtype=np.dtype('U1'), + buffer=np.array(S)).copy() + + def read_sparse_array(self, hdr): + ''' Read and return sparse matrix type + + Parameters + ---------- + hdr : ``VarHeader4`` instance + + Returns + ------- + arr : coo_array + with dtype ``float`` and shape read from the sparse array data + + Notes + ----- + MATLAB 4 real sparse arrays are saved in a N+1 by 3 array format, where + N is the number of non-zero values. Column 1 values [0:N] are the + (1-based) row indices of the each non-zero value, column 2 [0:N] are the + column indices, column 3 [0:N] are the (real) values. The last values + [-1,0:2] of the rows, column indices are shape[0] and shape[1] + respectively of the output matrix. The last value for the values column + is a padding 0. mrows and ncols values from the header give the shape of + the stored matrix, here [N+1, 3]. Complex data are saved as a 4 column + matrix, where the fourth column contains the imaginary component; the + last value is again 0. Complex sparse data do *not* have the header + ``imagf`` field set to True; the fact that the data are complex is only + detectable because there are 4 storage columns. + ''' + res = self.read_sub_array(hdr) + tmp = res[:-1,:] + # All numbers are float64 in Matlab, but SciPy sparse expects int shape + dims = (int(res[-1,0]), int(res[-1,1])) + I = np.ascontiguousarray(tmp[:,0],dtype='intc') # fixes byte order also + J = np.ascontiguousarray(tmp[:,1],dtype='intc') + I -= 1 # for 1-based indexing + J -= 1 + if res.shape[1] == 3: + V = np.ascontiguousarray(tmp[:,2],dtype='float') + else: + V = np.ascontiguousarray(tmp[:,2],dtype='complex') + V.imag = tmp[:,3] + return scipy.sparse.coo_array((V,(I,J)), dims) + + def shape_from_header(self, hdr): + '''Read the shape of the array described by the header. + The file position after this call is unspecified. + ''' + mclass = hdr.mclass + if mclass == mxFULL_CLASS: + shape = tuple(map(int, hdr.dims)) + elif mclass == mxCHAR_CLASS: + shape = tuple(map(int, hdr.dims)) + if self.chars_as_strings: + shape = shape[:-1] + elif mclass == mxSPARSE_CLASS: + dt = hdr.dtype + dims = hdr.dims + + if not (len(dims) == 2 and dims[0] >= 1 and dims[1] >= 1): + return () + + # Read only the row and column counts + self.mat_stream.seek(dt.itemsize * (dims[0] - 1), 1) + rows = np.ndarray(shape=(), dtype=dt, + buffer=self.mat_stream.read(dt.itemsize)) + self.mat_stream.seek(dt.itemsize * (dims[0] - 1), 1) + cols = np.ndarray(shape=(), dtype=dt, + buffer=self.mat_stream.read(dt.itemsize)) + + shape = (int(rows), int(cols)) + else: + raise TypeError(f'No reader for class code {mclass}') + + if self.squeeze_me: + shape = tuple([x for x in shape if x != 1]) + return shape + + +class MatFile4Reader(MatFileReader): + ''' Reader for Mat4 files ''' + @docfiller + def __init__(self, mat_stream, *args, **kwargs): + ''' Initialize matlab 4 file reader + + %(matstream_arg)s + %(load_args)s + ''' + super().__init__(mat_stream, *args, **kwargs) + self._matrix_reader = None + + def guess_byte_order(self): + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + mopt = read_dtype(self.mat_stream, np.dtype('i4')) + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + if mopt == 0: + return '<' + if mopt < 0 or mopt > 5000: + # Number must have been byteswapped + return SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN and '>' or '<' + # Not byteswapped + return SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN and '<' or '>' + + def initialize_read(self): + ''' Run when beginning read of variables + + Sets up readers from parameters in `self` + ''' + self.dtypes = convert_dtypes(mdtypes_template, self.byte_order) + self._matrix_reader = VarReader4(self) + + def read_var_header(self): + ''' Read and return header, next position + + Parameters + ---------- + None + + Returns + ------- + header : object + object that can be passed to self.read_var_array, and that + has attributes ``name`` and ``is_global`` + next_position : int + position in stream of next variable + ''' + hdr = self._matrix_reader.read_header() + # Fast product for large (>2GB) arrays. + remaining_bytes = reduce(mul, hdr.dims, np.int64(hdr.dtype.itemsize)) + if hdr.is_complex and not hdr.mclass == mxSPARSE_CLASS: + remaining_bytes *= 2 + next_position = self.mat_stream.tell() + remaining_bytes + return hdr, next_position + + def read_var_array(self, header, process=True): + ''' Read array, given `header` + + Parameters + ---------- + header : header object + object with fields defining variable header + process : {True, False}, optional + If True, apply recursive post-processing during loading of array. + + Returns + ------- + arr : array + array with post-processing applied or not according to + `process`. + ''' + return self._matrix_reader.array_from_header(header, process) + + def get_variables(self, variable_names=None): + ''' get variables from stream as dictionary + + Parameters + ---------- + variable_names : None or str or sequence of str, optional + variable name, or sequence of variable names to get from Mat file / + file stream. If None, then get all variables in file. + ''' + if isinstance(variable_names, str): + variable_names = [variable_names] + elif variable_names is not None: + variable_names = list(variable_names) + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + # set up variable reader + self.initialize_read() + mdict = {} + while not self.end_of_stream(): + hdr, next_position = self.read_var_header() + name = 'None' if hdr.name is None else hdr.name.decode('latin1') + if variable_names is not None and name not in variable_names: + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + continue + mdict[name] = self.read_var_array(hdr) + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + if variable_names is not None: + variable_names.remove(name) + if len(variable_names) == 0: + break + return mdict + + def list_variables(self): + ''' list variables from stream ''' + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + # set up variable reader + self.initialize_read() + vars = [] + while not self.end_of_stream(): + hdr, next_position = self.read_var_header() + name = 'None' if hdr.name is None else hdr.name.decode('latin1') + shape = self._matrix_reader.shape_from_header(hdr) + info = mclass_info.get(hdr.mclass, 'unknown') + vars.append((name, shape, info)) + + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + return vars + + +def arr_to_2d(arr, oned_as='row'): + ''' Make ``arr`` exactly two dimensional + + If `arr` has more than 2 dimensions, raise a ValueError + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : array + oned_as : {'row', 'column'}, optional + Whether to reshape 1-D vectors as row vectors or column vectors. + See documentation for ``matdims`` for more detail + + Returns + ------- + arr2d : array + 2-D version of the array + ''' + dims = matdims(arr, oned_as) + if len(dims) > 2: + raise ValueError('Matlab 4 files cannot save arrays with more than ' + '2 dimensions') + return arr.reshape(dims) + + +class VarWriter4: + def __init__(self, file_writer): + self.file_stream = file_writer.file_stream + self.oned_as = file_writer.oned_as + + def write_bytes(self, arr): + self.file_stream.write(arr.tobytes(order='F')) + + def write_string(self, s): + self.file_stream.write(s) + + def write_header(self, name, shape, P=miDOUBLE, T=mxFULL_CLASS, imagf=0): + ''' Write header for given data options + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + name of variable + shape : sequence + Shape of array as it will be read in matlab + P : int, optional + code for mat4 data type, one of ``miDOUBLE, miSINGLE, miINT32, + miINT16, miUINT16, miUINT8`` + T : int, optional + code for mat4 matrix class, one of ``mxFULL_CLASS, mxCHAR_CLASS, + mxSPARSE_CLASS`` + imagf : int, optional + flag indicating complex + ''' + header = np.empty((), mdtypes_template['header']) + M = not SYS_LITTLE_ENDIAN + O = 0 + header['mopt'] = (M * 1000 + + O * 100 + + P * 10 + + T) + header['mrows'] = shape[0] + header['ncols'] = shape[1] + header['imagf'] = imagf + header['namlen'] = len(name) + 1 + self.write_bytes(header) + data = name + '\0' + self.write_string(data.encode('latin1')) + + def write(self, arr, name): + ''' Write matrix `arr`, with name `name` + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : array_like + array to write + name : str + name in matlab workspace + ''' + # we need to catch sparse first, because np.asarray returns an + # an object array for scipy.sparse + if scipy.sparse.issparse(arr): + self.write_sparse(arr, name) + return + arr = np.asarray(arr) + dt = arr.dtype + if not dt.isnative: + arr = arr.astype(dt.newbyteorder('=')) + dtt = dt.type + if dtt is np.object_: + raise TypeError('Cannot save object arrays in Mat4') + elif dtt is np.void: + raise TypeError('Cannot save void type arrays') + elif dtt in (np.str_, np.bytes_): + self.write_char(arr, name) + return + self.write_numeric(arr, name) + + def write_numeric(self, arr, name): + arr = arr_to_2d(arr, self.oned_as) + imagf = arr.dtype.kind == 'c' + try: + P = np_to_mtypes[arr.dtype.str[1:]] + except KeyError: + if imagf: + arr = arr.astype('c128') + else: + arr = arr.astype('f8') + P = miDOUBLE + self.write_header(name, + arr.shape, + P=P, + T=mxFULL_CLASS, + imagf=imagf) + if imagf: + self.write_bytes(arr.real) + self.write_bytes(arr.imag) + else: + self.write_bytes(arr) + + def write_char(self, arr, name): + if arr.dtype.type == np.str_ and arr.dtype.itemsize != np.dtype('U1').itemsize: + arr = arr_to_chars(arr) + arr = arr_to_2d(arr, self.oned_as) + dims = arr.shape + self.write_header( + name, + dims, + P=miUINT8, + T=mxCHAR_CLASS) + if arr.dtype.kind == 'U': + # Recode unicode to latin1 + n_chars = math.prod(dims) + st_arr = np.ndarray(shape=(), + dtype=arr_dtype_number(arr, n_chars), + buffer=arr) + st = st_arr.item().encode('latin-1') + arr = np.ndarray(shape=dims, dtype='S1', buffer=st) + self.write_bytes(arr) + + def write_sparse(self, arr, name): + ''' Sparse matrices are 2-D + + See docstring for VarReader4.read_sparse_array + ''' + A = arr.tocoo() # convert to sparse COO format (ijv) + imagf = A.dtype.kind == 'c' + ijv = np.zeros((A.nnz + 1, 3+imagf), dtype='f8') + ijv[:-1,0] = A.row + ijv[:-1,1] = A.col + ijv[:-1,0:2] += 1 # 1 based indexing + if imagf: + ijv[:-1,2] = A.data.real + ijv[:-1,3] = A.data.imag + else: + ijv[:-1,2] = A.data + ijv[-1,0:2] = A.shape + self.write_header( + name, + ijv.shape, + P=miDOUBLE, + T=mxSPARSE_CLASS) + self.write_bytes(ijv) + + +class MatFile4Writer: + ''' Class for writing matlab 4 format files ''' + def __init__(self, file_stream, oned_as=None): + self.file_stream = file_stream + if oned_as is None: + oned_as = 'row' + self.oned_as = oned_as + self._matrix_writer = None + + def put_variables(self, mdict, write_header=None): + ''' Write variables in `mdict` to stream + + Parameters + ---------- + mdict : mapping + mapping with method ``items`` return name, contents pairs + where ``name`` which will appeak in the matlab workspace in + file load, and ``contents`` is something writeable to a + matlab file, such as a NumPy array. + write_header : {None, True, False} + If True, then write the matlab file header before writing the + variables. If None (the default) then write the file header + if we are at position 0 in the stream. By setting False + here, and setting the stream position to the end of the file, + you can append variables to a matlab file + ''' + # there is no header for a matlab 4 mat file, so we ignore the + # ``write_header`` input argument. It's there for compatibility + # with the matlab 5 version of this method + self._matrix_writer = VarWriter4(self) + for name, var in mdict.items(): + self._matrix_writer.write(var, name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7200b75b3391d989fcab9c5b3ea14f5fc1b4dc0d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5.py @@ -0,0 +1,901 @@ +''' Classes for read / write of matlab (TM) 5 files + +The matfile specification last found here: + +https://www.mathworks.com/access/helpdesk/help/pdf_doc/matlab/matfile_format.pdf + +(as of December 5 2008) + +================================= + Note on functions and mat files +================================= + +The document above does not give any hints as to the storage of matlab +function handles, or anonymous function handles. I had, therefore, to +guess the format of matlab arrays of ``mxFUNCTION_CLASS`` and +``mxOPAQUE_CLASS`` by looking at example mat files. + +``mxFUNCTION_CLASS`` stores all types of matlab functions. It seems to +contain a struct matrix with a set pattern of fields. For anonymous +functions, a sub-fields of one of these fields seems to contain the +well-named ``mxOPAQUE_CLASS``. This seems to contain: + +* array flags as for any matlab matrix +* 3 int8 strings +* a matrix + +It seems that whenever the mat file contains a ``mxOPAQUE_CLASS`` +instance, there is also an un-named matrix (name == '') at the end of +the mat file. I'll call this the ``__function_workspace__`` matrix. + +When I saved two anonymous functions in a mat file, or appended another +anonymous function to the mat file, there was still only one +``__function_workspace__`` un-named matrix at the end, but larger than +that for a mat file with a single anonymous function, suggesting that +the workspaces for the two functions had been merged. + +The ``__function_workspace__`` matrix appears to be of double class +(``mxCLASS_DOUBLE``), but stored as uint8, the memory for which is in +the format of a mini .mat file, without the first 124 bytes of the file +header (the description and the subsystem_offset), but with the version +U2 bytes, and the S2 endian test bytes. There follow 4 zero bytes, +presumably for 8 byte padding, and then a series of ``miMATRIX`` +entries, as in a standard mat file. The ``miMATRIX`` entries appear to +be series of un-named (name == '') matrices, and may also contain arrays +of this same mini-mat format. + +I guess that: + +* saving an anonymous function back to a mat file will need the + associated ``__function_workspace__`` matrix saved as well for the + anonymous function to work correctly. +* appending to a mat file that has a ``__function_workspace__`` would + involve first pulling off this workspace, appending, checking whether + there were any more anonymous functions appended, and then somehow + merging the relevant workspaces, and saving at the end of the mat + file. + +The mat files I was playing with are in ``tests/data``: + +* sqr.mat +* parabola.mat +* some_functions.mat + +See ``tests/test_mio.py:test_mio_funcs.py`` for the debugging +script I was working with. + +Small fragments of current code adapted from matfile.py by Heiko +Henkelmann; parts of the code for simplify_cells=True adapted from +http://blog.nephics.com/2019/08/28/better-loadmat-for-scipy/. +''' + +import math +import os +import time +import sys +import zlib + +from io import BytesIO + +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +import scipy.sparse + +from ._byteordercodes import native_code, swapped_code + +from ._miobase import (MatFileReader, docfiller, matdims, read_dtype, + arr_to_chars, arr_dtype_number, MatWriteError, + MatReadError, MatReadWarning, MatWriteWarning) + +# Reader object for matlab 5 format variables +from ._mio5_utils import VarReader5 + +# Constants and helper objects +from ._mio5_params import (MatlabObject, MatlabFunction, MDTYPES, NP_TO_MTYPES, + NP_TO_MXTYPES, miCOMPRESSED, miMATRIX, miINT8, + miUTF8, miUINT32, mxCELL_CLASS, mxSTRUCT_CLASS, + mxOBJECT_CLASS, mxCHAR_CLASS, mxSPARSE_CLASS, + mxDOUBLE_CLASS, mclass_info, mat_struct) + +from ._streams import ZlibInputStream + + +def _has_struct(elem): + """Determine if elem is an array and if first array item is a struct.""" + return (isinstance(elem, np.ndarray) and (elem.size > 0) and (elem.ndim > 0) and + isinstance(elem[0], mat_struct)) + + +def _inspect_cell_array(ndarray): + """Construct lists from cell arrays (loaded as numpy ndarrays), recursing + into items if they contain mat_struct objects.""" + elem_list = [] + for sub_elem in ndarray: + if isinstance(sub_elem, mat_struct): + elem_list.append(_matstruct_to_dict(sub_elem)) + elif _has_struct(sub_elem): + elem_list.append(_inspect_cell_array(sub_elem)) + else: + elem_list.append(sub_elem) + return elem_list + + +def _matstruct_to_dict(matobj): + """Construct nested dicts from mat_struct objects.""" + d = {} + for f in matobj._fieldnames: + elem = matobj.__dict__[f] + if isinstance(elem, mat_struct): + d[f] = _matstruct_to_dict(elem) + elif _has_struct(elem): + d[f] = _inspect_cell_array(elem) + else: + d[f] = elem + return d + + +def _simplify_cells(d): + """Convert mat objects in dict to nested dicts.""" + for key in d: + if isinstance(d[key], mat_struct): + d[key] = _matstruct_to_dict(d[key]) + elif _has_struct(d[key]): + d[key] = _inspect_cell_array(d[key]) + return d + + +class MatFile5Reader(MatFileReader): + ''' Reader for Mat 5 mat files + Adds the following attribute to base class + + uint16_codec - char codec to use for uint16 char arrays + (defaults to system default codec) + + Uses variable reader that has the following standard interface (see + abstract class in ``miobase``:: + + __init__(self, file_reader) + read_header(self) + array_from_header(self) + + and added interface:: + + set_stream(self, stream) + read_full_tag(self) + + ''' + @docfiller + def __init__(self, + mat_stream, + byte_order=None, + mat_dtype=False, + squeeze_me=False, + chars_as_strings=True, + matlab_compatible=False, + struct_as_record=True, + verify_compressed_data_integrity=True, + uint16_codec=None, + simplify_cells=False): + '''Initializer for matlab 5 file format reader + + %(matstream_arg)s + %(load_args)s + %(struct_arg)s + uint16_codec : {None, string} + Set codec to use for uint16 char arrays (e.g., 'utf-8'). + Use system default codec if None + ''' + super().__init__( + mat_stream, + byte_order, + mat_dtype, + squeeze_me, + chars_as_strings, + matlab_compatible, + struct_as_record, + verify_compressed_data_integrity, + simplify_cells) + # Set uint16 codec + if not uint16_codec: + uint16_codec = sys.getdefaultencoding() + self.uint16_codec = uint16_codec + # placeholders for readers - see initialize_read method + self._file_reader = None + self._matrix_reader = None + + def guess_byte_order(self): + ''' Guess byte order. + Sets stream pointer to 0''' + self.mat_stream.seek(126) + mi = self.mat_stream.read(2) + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + return mi == b'IM' and '<' or '>' + + def read_file_header(self): + ''' Read in mat 5 file header ''' + hdict = {} + hdr_dtype = MDTYPES[self.byte_order]['dtypes']['file_header'] + hdr = read_dtype(self.mat_stream, hdr_dtype) + hdict['__header__'] = hdr['description'].item().strip(b' \t\n\000') + v_major = hdr['version'] >> 8 + v_minor = hdr['version'] & 0xFF + hdict['__version__'] = f'{v_major}.{v_minor}' + return hdict + + def initialize_read(self): + ''' Run when beginning read of variables + + Sets up readers from parameters in `self` + ''' + # reader for top level stream. We need this extra top-level + # reader because we use the matrix_reader object to contain + # compressed matrices (so they have their own stream) + self._file_reader = VarReader5(self) + # reader for matrix streams + self._matrix_reader = VarReader5(self) + + def read_var_header(self): + ''' Read header, return header, next position + + Header has to define at least .name and .is_global + + Parameters + ---------- + None + + Returns + ------- + header : object + object that can be passed to self.read_var_array, and that + has attributes .name and .is_global + next_position : int + position in stream of next variable + ''' + mdtype, byte_count = self._file_reader.read_full_tag() + if not byte_count > 0: + raise ValueError("Did not read any bytes") + next_pos = self.mat_stream.tell() + byte_count + if mdtype == miCOMPRESSED: + # Make new stream from compressed data + stream = ZlibInputStream(self.mat_stream, byte_count) + self._matrix_reader.set_stream(stream) + check_stream_limit = self.verify_compressed_data_integrity + mdtype, byte_count = self._matrix_reader.read_full_tag() + else: + check_stream_limit = False + self._matrix_reader.set_stream(self.mat_stream) + if not mdtype == miMATRIX: + raise TypeError(f'Expecting miMATRIX type here, got {mdtype}') + header = self._matrix_reader.read_header(check_stream_limit) + return header, next_pos + + def read_var_array(self, header, process=True): + ''' Read array, given `header` + + Parameters + ---------- + header : header object + object with fields defining variable header + process : {True, False} bool, optional + If True, apply recursive post-processing during loading of + array. + + Returns + ------- + arr : array + array with post-processing applied or not according to + `process`. + ''' + return self._matrix_reader.array_from_header(header, process) + + def get_variables(self, variable_names=None): + ''' get variables from stream as dictionary + + variable_names - optional list of variable names to get + + If variable_names is None, then get all variables in file + ''' + if isinstance(variable_names, str): + variable_names = [variable_names] + elif variable_names is not None: + variable_names = list(variable_names) + + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + # Here we pass all the parameters in self to the reading objects + self.initialize_read() + mdict = self.read_file_header() + mdict['__globals__'] = [] + while not self.end_of_stream(): + hdr, next_position = self.read_var_header() + name = 'None' if hdr.name is None else hdr.name.decode('latin1') + if name in mdict: + msg = ( + f'Duplicate variable name "{name}" in stream' + " - replacing previous with new\nConsider" + "scipy.io.matlab.varmats_from_mat to split " + "file into single variable files" + ) + warnings.warn(msg, MatReadWarning, stacklevel=2) + if name == '': + # can only be a matlab 7 function workspace + name = '__function_workspace__' + # We want to keep this raw because mat_dtype processing + # will break the format (uint8 as mxDOUBLE_CLASS) + process = False + else: + process = True + if variable_names is not None and name not in variable_names: + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + continue + try: + res = self.read_var_array(hdr, process) + except MatReadError as err: + warnings.warn( + f'Unreadable variable "{name}", because "{err}"', + Warning, stacklevel=2) + res = f"Read error: {err}" + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + mdict[name] = res + if hdr.is_global: + mdict['__globals__'].append(name) + if variable_names is not None: + variable_names.remove(name) + if len(variable_names) == 0: + break + if self.simplify_cells: + return _simplify_cells(mdict) + else: + return mdict + + def list_variables(self): + ''' list variables from stream ''' + self.mat_stream.seek(0) + # Here we pass all the parameters in self to the reading objects + self.initialize_read() + self.read_file_header() + vars = [] + while not self.end_of_stream(): + hdr, next_position = self.read_var_header() + name = 'None' if hdr.name is None else hdr.name.decode('latin1') + if name == '': + # can only be a matlab 7 function workspace + name = '__function_workspace__' + + shape = self._matrix_reader.shape_from_header(hdr) + if hdr.is_logical: + info = 'logical' + else: + info = mclass_info.get(hdr.mclass, 'unknown') + vars.append((name, shape, info)) + + self.mat_stream.seek(next_position) + return vars + + +def varmats_from_mat(file_obj): + """ Pull variables out of mat 5 file as a sequence of mat file objects + + This can be useful with a difficult mat file, containing unreadable + variables. This routine pulls the variables out in raw form and puts them, + unread, back into a file stream for saving or reading. Another use is the + pathological case where there is more than one variable of the same name in + the file; this routine returns the duplicates, whereas the standard reader + will overwrite duplicates in the returned dictionary. + + The file pointer in `file_obj` will be undefined. File pointers for the + returned file-like objects are set at 0. + + Parameters + ---------- + file_obj : file-like + file object containing mat file + + Returns + ------- + named_mats : list + list contains tuples of (name, BytesIO) where BytesIO is a file-like + object containing mat file contents as for a single variable. The + BytesIO contains a string with the original header and a single var. If + ``var_file_obj`` is an individual BytesIO instance, then save as a mat + file with something like ``open('test.mat', + 'wb').write(var_file_obj.read())`` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import scipy.io + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from io import BytesIO + >>> from scipy.io.matlab._mio5 import varmats_from_mat + >>> mat_fileobj = BytesIO() + >>> scipy.io.savemat(mat_fileobj, {'b': np.arange(10), 'a': 'a string'}) + >>> varmats = varmats_from_mat(mat_fileobj) + >>> sorted([name for name, str_obj in varmats]) + ['a', 'b'] + """ + rdr = MatFile5Reader(file_obj) + file_obj.seek(0) + # Raw read of top-level file header + hdr_len = MDTYPES[native_code]['dtypes']['file_header'].itemsize + raw_hdr = file_obj.read(hdr_len) + # Initialize variable reading + file_obj.seek(0) + rdr.initialize_read() + rdr.read_file_header() + next_position = file_obj.tell() + named_mats = [] + while not rdr.end_of_stream(): + start_position = next_position + hdr, next_position = rdr.read_var_header() + name = 'None' if hdr.name is None else hdr.name.decode('latin1') + # Read raw variable string + file_obj.seek(start_position) + byte_count = next_position - start_position + var_str = file_obj.read(byte_count) + # write to stringio object + out_obj = BytesIO() + out_obj.write(raw_hdr) + out_obj.write(var_str) + out_obj.seek(0) + named_mats.append((name, out_obj)) + return named_mats + + +class EmptyStructMarker: + """ Class to indicate presence of empty matlab struct on output """ + + +def to_writeable(source): + ''' Convert input object ``source`` to something we can write + + Parameters + ---------- + source : object + + Returns + ------- + arr : None or ndarray or EmptyStructMarker + If `source` cannot be converted to something we can write to a matfile, + return None. If `source` is equivalent to an empty dictionary, return + ``EmptyStructMarker``. Otherwise return `source` converted to an + ndarray with contents for writing to matfile. + ''' + if isinstance(source, np.ndarray): + return source + if source is None: + return None + if hasattr(source, "__array__"): + return np.asarray(source) + # Objects that implement mappings + is_mapping = (hasattr(source, 'keys') and hasattr(source, 'values') and + hasattr(source, 'items')) + # Objects that don't implement mappings, but do have dicts + if isinstance(source, np.generic): + # NumPy scalars are never mappings (PyPy issue workaround) + pass + elif not is_mapping and hasattr(source, '__dict__'): + source = {key: value for key, value in source.__dict__.items() + if not key.startswith('_')} + is_mapping = True + if is_mapping: + dtype = [] + values = [] + for field, value in source.items(): + if isinstance(field, str): + if field[0] not in '_0123456789': + dtype.append((str(field), object)) + values.append(value) + else: + msg = (f"Starting field name with a underscore " + f"or a digit ({field}) is ignored") + warnings.warn(msg, MatWriteWarning, stacklevel=2) + if dtype: + return np.array([tuple(values)], dtype) + else: + return EmptyStructMarker + # Next try and convert to an array + try: + narr = np.asanyarray(source) + except ValueError: + narr = np.asanyarray(source, dtype=object) + if narr.dtype.type in (object, np.object_) and \ + narr.shape == () and narr == source: + # No interesting conversion possible + return None + return narr + + +# Native byte ordered dtypes for convenience for writers +NDT_FILE_HDR = MDTYPES[native_code]['dtypes']['file_header'] +NDT_TAG_FULL = MDTYPES[native_code]['dtypes']['tag_full'] +NDT_TAG_SMALL = MDTYPES[native_code]['dtypes']['tag_smalldata'] +NDT_ARRAY_FLAGS = MDTYPES[native_code]['dtypes']['array_flags'] + + +class VarWriter5: + ''' Generic matlab matrix writing class ''' + mat_tag = np.zeros((), NDT_TAG_FULL) + mat_tag['mdtype'] = miMATRIX + + def __init__(self, file_writer): + self.file_stream = file_writer.file_stream + self.unicode_strings = file_writer.unicode_strings + self.long_field_names = file_writer.long_field_names + self.oned_as = file_writer.oned_as + # These are used for top level writes, and unset after + self._var_name = None + self._var_is_global = False + + def write_bytes(self, arr): + self.file_stream.write(arr.tobytes(order='F')) + + def write_string(self, s): + self.file_stream.write(s) + + def write_element(self, arr, mdtype=None): + ''' write tag and data ''' + if mdtype is None: + mdtype = NP_TO_MTYPES[arr.dtype.str[1:]] + # Array needs to be in native byte order + if arr.dtype.byteorder == swapped_code: + arr = arr.byteswap().view(arr.dtype.newbyteorder()) + byte_count = arr.size*arr.itemsize + if byte_count <= 4: + self.write_smalldata_element(arr, mdtype, byte_count) + else: + self.write_regular_element(arr, mdtype, byte_count) + + def write_smalldata_element(self, arr, mdtype, byte_count): + # write tag with embedded data + tag = np.zeros((), NDT_TAG_SMALL) + tag['byte_count_mdtype'] = (byte_count << 16) + mdtype + # if arr.tobytes is < 4, the element will be zero-padded as needed. + tag['data'] = arr.tobytes(order='F') + self.write_bytes(tag) + + def write_regular_element(self, arr, mdtype, byte_count): + # write tag, data + tag = np.zeros((), NDT_TAG_FULL) + tag['mdtype'] = mdtype + tag['byte_count'] = byte_count + self.write_bytes(tag) + self.write_bytes(arr) + # pad to next 64-bit boundary + bc_mod_8 = byte_count % 8 + if bc_mod_8: + self.file_stream.write(b'\x00' * (8-bc_mod_8)) + + def write_header(self, + shape, + mclass, + is_complex=False, + is_logical=False, + nzmax=0): + ''' Write header for given data options + shape : sequence + array shape + mclass - mat5 matrix class + is_complex - True if matrix is complex + is_logical - True if matrix is logical + nzmax - max non zero elements for sparse arrays + + We get the name and the global flag from the object, and reset + them to defaults after we've used them + ''' + # get name and is_global from one-shot object store + name = self._var_name + is_global = self._var_is_global + # initialize the top-level matrix tag, store position + self._mat_tag_pos = self.file_stream.tell() + self.write_bytes(self.mat_tag) + # write array flags (complex, global, logical, class, nzmax) + af = np.zeros((), NDT_ARRAY_FLAGS) + af['data_type'] = miUINT32 + af['byte_count'] = 8 + flags = is_complex << 3 | is_global << 2 | is_logical << 1 + af['flags_class'] = mclass | flags << 8 + af['nzmax'] = nzmax + self.write_bytes(af) + # shape + self.write_element(np.array(shape, dtype='i4')) + # write name + name = np.asarray(name) + if name == '': # empty string zero-terminated + self.write_smalldata_element(name, miINT8, 0) + else: + self.write_element(name, miINT8) + # reset the one-shot store to defaults + self._var_name = '' + self._var_is_global = False + + def update_matrix_tag(self, start_pos): + curr_pos = self.file_stream.tell() + self.file_stream.seek(start_pos) + byte_count = curr_pos - start_pos - 8 + if byte_count >= 2**32: + raise MatWriteError("Matrix too large to save with Matlab " + "5 format") + self.mat_tag['byte_count'] = byte_count + self.write_bytes(self.mat_tag) + self.file_stream.seek(curr_pos) + + def write_top(self, arr, name, is_global): + """ Write variable at top level of mat file + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : array_like + array-like object to create writer for + name : str, optional + name as it will appear in matlab workspace + default is empty string + is_global : {False, True}, optional + whether variable will be global on load into matlab + """ + # these are set before the top-level header write, and unset at + # the end of the same write, because they do not apply for lower levels + self._var_is_global = is_global + self._var_name = name + # write the header and data + self.write(arr) + + def write(self, arr): + ''' Write `arr` to stream at top and sub levels + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : array_like + array-like object to create writer for + ''' + # store position, so we can update the matrix tag + mat_tag_pos = self.file_stream.tell() + # First check if these are sparse + if scipy.sparse.issparse(arr): + self.write_sparse(arr) + self.update_matrix_tag(mat_tag_pos) + return + # Try to convert things that aren't arrays + narr = to_writeable(arr) + if narr is None: + raise TypeError(f'Could not convert {arr} (type {type(arr)}) to array') + if isinstance(narr, MatlabObject): + self.write_object(narr) + elif isinstance(narr, MatlabFunction): + raise MatWriteError('Cannot write matlab functions') + elif narr is EmptyStructMarker: # empty struct array + self.write_empty_struct() + elif narr.dtype.fields: # struct array + self.write_struct(narr) + elif narr.dtype.hasobject: # cell array + self.write_cells(narr) + elif narr.dtype.kind in ('U', 'S'): + if self.unicode_strings: + codec = 'UTF8' + else: + codec = 'ascii' + self.write_char(narr, codec) + else: + self.write_numeric(narr) + self.update_matrix_tag(mat_tag_pos) + + def write_numeric(self, arr): + imagf = arr.dtype.kind == 'c' + logif = arr.dtype.kind == 'b' + try: + mclass = NP_TO_MXTYPES[arr.dtype.str[1:]] + except KeyError: + # No matching matlab type, probably complex256 / float128 / float96 + # Cast data to complex128 / float64. + if imagf: + arr = arr.astype('c128') + elif logif: + arr = arr.astype('i1') # Should only contain 0/1 + else: + arr = arr.astype('f8') + mclass = mxDOUBLE_CLASS + self.write_header(matdims(arr, self.oned_as), + mclass, + is_complex=imagf, + is_logical=logif) + if imagf: + self.write_element(arr.real) + self.write_element(arr.imag) + else: + self.write_element(arr) + + def write_char(self, arr, codec='ascii'): + ''' Write string array `arr` with given `codec` + ''' + if arr.size == 0 or np.all(arr == ''): + # This an empty string array or a string array containing + # only empty strings. Matlab cannot distinguish between a + # string array that is empty, and a string array containing + # only empty strings, because it stores strings as arrays of + # char. There is no way of having an array of char that is + # not empty, but contains an empty string. We have to + # special-case the array-with-empty-strings because even + # empty strings have zero padding, which would otherwise + # appear in matlab as a string with a space. + shape = (0,) * np.max([arr.ndim, 2]) + self.write_header(shape, mxCHAR_CLASS) + self.write_smalldata_element(arr, miUTF8, 0) + return + # non-empty string. + # + # Convert to char array + arr = arr_to_chars(arr) + # We have to write the shape directly, because we are going + # recode the characters, and the resulting stream of chars + # may have a different length + shape = arr.shape + self.write_header(shape, mxCHAR_CLASS) + if arr.dtype.kind == 'U' and arr.size: + # Make one long string from all the characters. We need to + # transpose here, because we're flattening the array, before + # we write the bytes. The bytes have to be written in + # Fortran order. + n_chars = math.prod(shape) + st_arr = np.ndarray(shape=(), + dtype=arr_dtype_number(arr, n_chars), + buffer=arr.T.copy()) # Fortran order + # Recode with codec to give byte string + st = st_arr.item().encode(codec) + # Reconstruct as 1-D byte array + arr = np.ndarray(shape=(len(st),), + dtype='S1', + buffer=st) + self.write_element(arr, mdtype=miUTF8) + + def write_sparse(self, arr): + ''' Sparse matrices are 2D + ''' + A = arr.tocsc() # convert to sparse CSC format + A.sort_indices() # MATLAB expects sorted row indices + is_complex = (A.dtype.kind == 'c') + is_logical = (A.dtype.kind == 'b') + nz = A.nnz + self.write_header(matdims(arr, self.oned_as), + mxSPARSE_CLASS, + is_complex=is_complex, + is_logical=is_logical, + # matlab won't load file with 0 nzmax + nzmax=1 if nz == 0 else nz) + self.write_element(A.indices.astype('i4')) + self.write_element(A.indptr.astype('i4')) + self.write_element(A.data.real) + if is_complex: + self.write_element(A.data.imag) + + def write_cells(self, arr): + self.write_header(matdims(arr, self.oned_as), + mxCELL_CLASS) + # loop over data, column major + A = np.atleast_2d(arr).flatten('F') + for el in A: + self.write(el) + + def write_empty_struct(self): + self.write_header((1, 1), mxSTRUCT_CLASS) + # max field name length set to 1 in an example matlab struct + self.write_element(np.array(1, dtype=np.int32)) + # Field names element is empty + self.write_element(np.array([], dtype=np.int8)) + + def write_struct(self, arr): + self.write_header(matdims(arr, self.oned_as), + mxSTRUCT_CLASS) + self._write_items(arr) + + def _write_items(self, arr): + # write fieldnames + fieldnames = [f[0] for f in arr.dtype.descr] + length = max([len(fieldname) for fieldname in fieldnames])+1 + max_length = (self.long_field_names and 64) or 32 + if length > max_length: + raise ValueError( + f"Field names are restricted to {max_length - 1} characters" + ) + self.write_element(np.array([length], dtype='i4')) + self.write_element(np.array(fieldnames, dtype=f'S{length}'), mdtype=miINT8) + A = np.atleast_2d(arr).flatten('F') + for el in A: + for f in fieldnames: + self.write(el[f]) + + def write_object(self, arr): + '''Same as writing structs, except different mx class, and extra + classname element after header + ''' + self.write_header(matdims(arr, self.oned_as), + mxOBJECT_CLASS) + self.write_element(np.array(arr.classname, dtype='S'), + mdtype=miINT8) + self._write_items(arr) + + +class MatFile5Writer: + ''' Class for writing mat5 files ''' + + @docfiller + def __init__(self, file_stream, + do_compression=False, + unicode_strings=False, + global_vars=None, + long_field_names=False, + oned_as='row'): + ''' Initialize writer for matlab 5 format files + + Parameters + ---------- + %(do_compression)s + %(unicode_strings)s + global_vars : None or sequence of strings, optional + Names of variables to be marked as global for matlab + %(long_fields)s + %(oned_as)s + ''' + self.file_stream = file_stream + self.do_compression = do_compression + self.unicode_strings = unicode_strings + if global_vars: + self.global_vars = global_vars + else: + self.global_vars = [] + self.long_field_names = long_field_names + self.oned_as = oned_as + self._matrix_writer = None + + def write_file_header(self): + # write header + hdr = np.zeros((), NDT_FILE_HDR) + hdr['description'] = (f'MATLAB 5.0 MAT-file Platform: {os.name}, ' + f'Created on: {time.asctime()}') + hdr['version'] = 0x0100 + hdr['endian_test'] = np.ndarray(shape=(), + dtype='S2', + buffer=np.uint16(0x4d49)) + self.file_stream.write(hdr.tobytes()) + + def put_variables(self, mdict, write_header=None): + ''' Write variables in `mdict` to stream + + Parameters + ---------- + mdict : mapping + mapping with method ``items`` returns name, contents pairs where + ``name`` which will appear in the matlab workspace in file load, and + ``contents`` is something writeable to a matlab file, such as a NumPy + array. + write_header : {None, True, False}, optional + If True, then write the matlab file header before writing the + variables. If None (the default) then write the file header + if we are at position 0 in the stream. By setting False + here, and setting the stream position to the end of the file, + you can append variables to a matlab file + ''' + # write header if requested, or None and start of file + if write_header is None: + write_header = self.file_stream.tell() == 0 + if write_header: + self.write_file_header() + self._matrix_writer = VarWriter5(self) + for name, var in mdict.items(): + if name[0] == '_': + msg = (f"Starting field name with a " + f"underscore ({name}) is ignored") + warnings.warn(msg, MatWriteWarning, stacklevel=2) + continue + is_global = name in self.global_vars + if self.do_compression: + stream = BytesIO() + self._matrix_writer.file_stream = stream + self._matrix_writer.write_top(var, name.encode('latin1'), is_global) + out_str = zlib.compress(stream.getvalue()) + tag = np.empty((), NDT_TAG_FULL) + tag['mdtype'] = miCOMPRESSED + tag['byte_count'] = len(out_str) + self.file_stream.write(tag.tobytes()) + self.file_stream.write(out_str) + else: # not compressing + self._matrix_writer.write_top(var, name.encode('latin1'), is_global) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_params.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_params.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d60b8e7a4a2dd1e6a336139f67ce984743e27bb --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_params.py @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ +''' Constants and classes for matlab 5 read and write + +See also mio5_utils.pyx where these same constants arise as c enums. + +If you make changes in this file, don't forget to change mio5_utils.pyx +''' +import numpy as np + +from ._miobase import convert_dtypes + + +__all__ = [ + 'MDTYPES', 'MatlabFunction', 'MatlabObject', 'MatlabOpaque', + 'NP_TO_MTYPES', 'NP_TO_MXTYPES', 'OPAQUE_DTYPE', 'codecs_template', + 'mat_struct', 'mclass_dtypes_template', 'mclass_info', 'mdtypes_template', + 'miCOMPRESSED', 'miDOUBLE', 'miINT16', 'miINT32', 'miINT64', 'miINT8', + 'miMATRIX', 'miSINGLE', 'miUINT16', 'miUINT32', 'miUINT64', 'miUINT8', + 'miUTF16', 'miUTF32', 'miUTF8', 'mxCELL_CLASS', 'mxCHAR_CLASS', + 'mxDOUBLE_CLASS', 'mxFUNCTION_CLASS', 'mxINT16_CLASS', 'mxINT32_CLASS', + 'mxINT64_CLASS', 'mxINT8_CLASS', 'mxOBJECT_CLASS', + 'mxOBJECT_CLASS_FROM_MATRIX_H', 'mxOPAQUE_CLASS', 'mxSINGLE_CLASS', + 'mxSPARSE_CLASS', 'mxSTRUCT_CLASS', 'mxUINT16_CLASS', 'mxUINT32_CLASS', + 'mxUINT64_CLASS', 'mxUINT8_CLASS' +] +miINT8 = 1 +miUINT8 = 2 +miINT16 = 3 +miUINT16 = 4 +miINT32 = 5 +miUINT32 = 6 +miSINGLE = 7 +miDOUBLE = 9 +miINT64 = 12 +miUINT64 = 13 +miMATRIX = 14 +miCOMPRESSED = 15 +miUTF8 = 16 +miUTF16 = 17 +miUTF32 = 18 + +mxCELL_CLASS = 1 +mxSTRUCT_CLASS = 2 +# The March 2008 edition of "Matlab 7 MAT-File Format" says that +# mxOBJECT_CLASS = 3, whereas matrix.h says that mxLOGICAL = 3. +# Matlab 2008a appears to save logicals as type 9, so we assume that +# the document is correct. See type 18, below. +mxOBJECT_CLASS = 3 +mxCHAR_CLASS = 4 +mxSPARSE_CLASS = 5 +mxDOUBLE_CLASS = 6 +mxSINGLE_CLASS = 7 +mxINT8_CLASS = 8 +mxUINT8_CLASS = 9 +mxINT16_CLASS = 10 +mxUINT16_CLASS = 11 +mxINT32_CLASS = 12 +mxUINT32_CLASS = 13 +# The following are not in the March 2008 edition of "Matlab 7 +# MAT-File Format," but were guessed from matrix.h. +mxINT64_CLASS = 14 +mxUINT64_CLASS = 15 +mxFUNCTION_CLASS = 16 +# Not doing anything with these at the moment. +mxOPAQUE_CLASS = 17 # This appears to be a function workspace +# Thread 'saving/loading symbol table of annymous functions', +# octave-maintainers, April-May 2007 +# https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/octave-maintainers/2007-04/msg00031.html +# https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/octave-maintainers/2007-05/msg00032.html +# (Was/Deprecated: https://www-old.cae.wisc.edu/pipermail/octave-maintainers/2007-May/002824.html) +mxOBJECT_CLASS_FROM_MATRIX_H = 18 + +mdtypes_template = { + miINT8: 'i1', + miUINT8: 'u1', + miINT16: 'i2', + miUINT16: 'u2', + miINT32: 'i4', + miUINT32: 'u4', + miSINGLE: 'f4', + miDOUBLE: 'f8', + miINT64: 'i8', + miUINT64: 'u8', + miUTF8: 'u1', + miUTF16: 'u2', + miUTF32: 'u4', + 'file_header': [('description', 'S116'), + ('subsystem_offset', 'i8'), + ('version', 'u2'), + ('endian_test', 'S2')], + 'tag_full': [('mdtype', 'u4'), ('byte_count', 'u4')], + 'tag_smalldata':[('byte_count_mdtype', 'u4'), ('data', 'S4')], + 'array_flags': [('data_type', 'u4'), + ('byte_count', 'u4'), + ('flags_class','u4'), + ('nzmax', 'u4')], + 'U1': 'U1', + } + +mclass_dtypes_template = { + mxINT8_CLASS: 'i1', + mxUINT8_CLASS: 'u1', + mxINT16_CLASS: 'i2', + mxUINT16_CLASS: 'u2', + mxINT32_CLASS: 'i4', + mxUINT32_CLASS: 'u4', + mxINT64_CLASS: 'i8', + mxUINT64_CLASS: 'u8', + mxSINGLE_CLASS: 'f4', + mxDOUBLE_CLASS: 'f8', + } + +mclass_info = { + mxINT8_CLASS: 'int8', + mxUINT8_CLASS: 'uint8', + mxINT16_CLASS: 'int16', + mxUINT16_CLASS: 'uint16', + mxINT32_CLASS: 'int32', + mxUINT32_CLASS: 'uint32', + mxINT64_CLASS: 'int64', + mxUINT64_CLASS: 'uint64', + mxSINGLE_CLASS: 'single', + mxDOUBLE_CLASS: 'double', + mxCELL_CLASS: 'cell', + mxSTRUCT_CLASS: 'struct', + mxOBJECT_CLASS: 'object', + mxCHAR_CLASS: 'char', + mxSPARSE_CLASS: 'sparse', + mxFUNCTION_CLASS: 'function', + mxOPAQUE_CLASS: 'opaque', + } + +NP_TO_MTYPES = { + 'f8': miDOUBLE, + 'c32': miDOUBLE, + 'c24': miDOUBLE, + 'c16': miDOUBLE, + 'f4': miSINGLE, + 'c8': miSINGLE, + 'i8': miINT64, + 'i4': miINT32, + 'i2': miINT16, + 'i1': miINT8, + 'u8': miUINT64, + 'u4': miUINT32, + 'u2': miUINT16, + 'u1': miUINT8, + 'S1': miUINT8, + 'U1': miUTF16, + 'b1': miUINT8, # not standard but seems MATLAB uses this (gh-4022) + } + + +NP_TO_MXTYPES = { + 'f8': mxDOUBLE_CLASS, + 'c32': mxDOUBLE_CLASS, + 'c24': mxDOUBLE_CLASS, + 'c16': mxDOUBLE_CLASS, + 'f4': mxSINGLE_CLASS, + 'c8': mxSINGLE_CLASS, + 'i8': mxINT64_CLASS, + 'i4': mxINT32_CLASS, + 'i2': mxINT16_CLASS, + 'i1': mxINT8_CLASS, + 'u8': mxUINT64_CLASS, + 'u4': mxUINT32_CLASS, + 'u2': mxUINT16_CLASS, + 'u1': mxUINT8_CLASS, + 'S1': mxUINT8_CLASS, + 'b1': mxUINT8_CLASS, # not standard but seems MATLAB uses this + } + +''' Before release v7.1 (release 14) matlab (TM) used the system +default character encoding scheme padded out to 16-bits. Release 14 +and later use Unicode. When saving character data, R14 checks if it +can be encoded in 7-bit ascii, and saves in that format if so.''' + +codecs_template = { + miUTF8: {'codec': 'utf_8', 'width': 1}, + miUTF16: {'codec': 'utf_16', 'width': 2}, + miUTF32: {'codec': 'utf_32','width': 4}, + } + + +def _convert_codecs(template, byte_order): + ''' Convert codec template mapping to byte order + + Set codecs not on this system to None + + Parameters + ---------- + template : mapping + key, value are respectively codec name, and root name for codec + (without byte order suffix) + byte_order : {'<', '>'} + code for little or big endian + + Returns + ------- + codecs : dict + key, value are name, codec (as in .encode(codec)) + ''' + codecs = {} + postfix = byte_order == '<' and '_le' or '_be' + for k, v in template.items(): + codec = v['codec'] + try: + " ".encode(codec) + except LookupError: + codecs[k] = None + continue + if v['width'] > 1: + codec += postfix + codecs[k] = codec + return codecs.copy() + + +MDTYPES = {} +for _bytecode in '<>': + _def = {'dtypes': convert_dtypes(mdtypes_template, _bytecode), + 'classes': convert_dtypes(mclass_dtypes_template, _bytecode), + 'codecs': _convert_codecs(codecs_template, _bytecode)} + MDTYPES[_bytecode] = _def + + +class mat_struct: + """Placeholder for holding read data from structs. + + We use instances of this class when the user passes False as a value to the + ``struct_as_record`` parameter of the :func:`scipy.io.loadmat` function. + """ + pass + + +class MatlabObject(np.ndarray): + """Subclass of ndarray to signal this is a matlab object. + + This is a simple subclass of :class:`numpy.ndarray` meant to be used + by :func:`scipy.io.loadmat` and should not be instantiated directly. + """ + + def __new__(cls, input_array, classname=None): + # Input array is an already formed ndarray instance + # We first cast to be our class type + obj = np.asarray(input_array).view(cls) + # add the new attribute to the created instance + obj.classname = classname + # Finally, we must return the newly created object: + return obj + + def __array_finalize__(self,obj): + # reset the attribute from passed original object + self.classname = getattr(obj, 'classname', None) + # We do not need to return anything + + +class MatlabFunction(np.ndarray): + """Subclass for a MATLAB function. + + This is a simple subclass of :class:`numpy.ndarray` meant to be used + by :func:`scipy.io.loadmat` and should not be directly instantiated. + """ + + def __new__(cls, input_array): + obj = np.asarray(input_array).view(cls) + return obj + + +class MatlabOpaque(np.ndarray): + """Subclass for a MATLAB opaque matrix. + + This is a simple subclass of :class:`numpy.ndarray` meant to be used + by :func:`scipy.io.loadmat` and should not be directly instantiated. + """ + + def __new__(cls, input_array): + obj = np.asarray(input_array).view(cls) + return obj + + +OPAQUE_DTYPE = np.dtype( + [('s0', 'O'), ('s1', 'O'), ('s2', 'O'), ('arr', 'O')]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c3bb4a46e818fe602b1c44cfed64b1c09a019e0d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio5_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:ea894100771fe70e284d894e8b2bc7b5672c19e814e041c5c58a61998e9e772a +size 206176 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..67b771d648f347f805d57d3d684a0e545b6f857b Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_mio_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_miobase.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_miobase.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0cf6bf5260b60e537127b4ce098c011b20c53503 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_miobase.py @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ +# Authors: Travis Oliphant, Matthew Brett + +""" +Base classes for MATLAB file stream reading. + +MATLAB is a registered trademark of the Mathworks inc. +""" + +from typing import Final + +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib import doccer + +from . import _byteordercodes as boc + +__all__ = [ + 'MatReadError', 'MatReadWarning', 'MatWriteError', 'MatWriteWarning', +] + +class MatReadError(Exception): + """Exception indicating a read issue.""" + + +class MatWriteError(Exception): + """Exception indicating a write issue.""" + + +class MatReadWarning(UserWarning): + """Warning class for read issues.""" + +class MatWriteWarning(UserWarning): + """Warning class for write issues.""" + + +doc_dict = \ + {'file_arg': + '''file_name : str + Name of the mat file (do not need .mat extension if + appendmat==True) Can also pass open file-like object.''', + 'append_arg': + '''appendmat : bool, optional + True to append the .mat extension to the end of the given + filename, if not already present. Default is True.''', + 'load_args': + '''byte_order : str or None, optional + None by default, implying byte order guessed from mat + file. Otherwise can be one of ('native', '=', 'little', '<', + 'BIG', '>'). +mat_dtype : bool, optional + If True, return arrays in same dtype as would be loaded into + MATLAB (instead of the dtype with which they are saved). +squeeze_me : bool, optional + Whether to squeeze unit matrix dimensions or not. +chars_as_strings : bool, optional + Whether to convert char arrays to string arrays. +matlab_compatible : bool, optional + Returns matrices as would be loaded by MATLAB (implies + squeeze_me=False, chars_as_strings=False, mat_dtype=True, + struct_as_record=True).''', + 'struct_arg': + '''struct_as_record : bool, optional + Whether to load MATLAB structs as NumPy record arrays, or as + old-style NumPy arrays with dtype=object. Setting this flag to + False replicates the behavior of SciPy version 0.7.x (returning + numpy object arrays). The default setting is True, because it + allows easier round-trip load and save of MATLAB files.''', + 'matstream_arg': + '''mat_stream : file-like + Object with file API, open for reading.''', + 'long_fields': + '''long_field_names : bool, optional + * False - maximum field name length in a structure is 31 characters + which is the documented maximum length. This is the default. + * True - maximum field name length in a structure is 63 characters + which works for MATLAB 7.6''', + 'do_compression': + '''do_compression : bool, optional + Whether to compress matrices on write. Default is False.''', + 'oned_as': + '''oned_as : {'row', 'column'}, optional + If 'column', write 1-D NumPy arrays as column vectors. + If 'row', write 1D NumPy arrays as row vectors.''', + 'unicode_strings': + '''unicode_strings : bool, optional + If True, write strings as Unicode, else MATLAB usual encoding.'''} + +docfiller: Final = doccer.filldoc(doc_dict) + +''' + + Note on architecture +====================== + +There are three sets of parameters relevant for reading files. The +first are *file read parameters* - containing options that are common +for reading the whole file, and therefore every variable within that +file. At the moment these are: + +* mat_stream +* dtypes (derived from byte code) +* byte_order +* chars_as_strings +* squeeze_me +* struct_as_record (MATLAB 5 files) +* class_dtypes (derived from order code, MATLAB 5 files) +* codecs (MATLAB 5 files) +* uint16_codec (MATLAB 5 files) + +Another set of parameters are those that apply only to the current +variable being read - the *header*: + +* header related variables (different for v4 and v5 mat files) +* is_complex +* mclass +* var_stream + +With the header, we need ``next_position`` to tell us where the next +variable in the stream is. + +Then, for each element in a matrix, there can be *element read +parameters*. An element is, for example, one element in a MATLAB cell +array. At the moment, these are: + +* mat_dtype + +The file-reading object contains the *file read parameters*. The +*header* is passed around as a data object, or may be read and discarded +in a single function. The *element read parameters* - the mat_dtype in +this instance, is passed into a general post-processing function - see +``mio_utils`` for details. +''' + + +def convert_dtypes(dtype_template, order_code): + ''' Convert dtypes in mapping to given order + + Parameters + ---------- + dtype_template : mapping + mapping with values returning numpy dtype from ``np.dtype(val)`` + order_code : str + an order code suitable for using in ``dtype.newbyteorder()`` + + Returns + ------- + dtypes : mapping + mapping where values have been replaced by + ``np.dtype(val).newbyteorder(order_code)`` + + ''' + dtypes = dtype_template.copy() + for k in dtypes: + dtypes[k] = np.dtype(dtypes[k]).newbyteorder(order_code) + return dtypes + + +def read_dtype(mat_stream, a_dtype): + """ + Generic get of byte stream data of known type + + Parameters + ---------- + mat_stream : file_like object + MATLAB (tm) mat file stream + a_dtype : dtype + dtype of array to read. `a_dtype` is assumed to be correct + endianness. + + Returns + ------- + arr : ndarray + Array of dtype `a_dtype` read from stream. + + """ + num_bytes = a_dtype.itemsize + arr = np.ndarray(shape=(), + dtype=a_dtype, + buffer=mat_stream.read(num_bytes), + order='F') + return arr + + +def matfile_version(file_name, *, appendmat=True): + """ + Return major, minor tuple depending on apparent mat file type + + Where: + + #. 0,x -> version 4 format mat files + #. 1,x -> version 5 format mat files + #. 2,x -> version 7.3 format mat files (HDF format) + + Parameters + ---------- + file_name : str + Name of the mat file (do not need .mat extension if + appendmat==True). Can also pass open file-like object. + appendmat : bool, optional + True to append the .mat extension to the end of the given + filename, if not already present. Default is True. + + Returns + ------- + major_version : {0, 1, 2} + major MATLAB File format version + minor_version : int + minor MATLAB file format version + + Raises + ------ + MatReadError + If the file is empty. + ValueError + The matfile version is unknown. + + Notes + ----- + Has the side effect of setting the file read pointer to 0 + """ + from ._mio import _open_file_context + with _open_file_context(file_name, appendmat=appendmat) as fileobj: + return _get_matfile_version(fileobj) + + +get_matfile_version = matfile_version + + +_HDR_N_BYTES = 20 + + +def _get_matfile_version(fileobj): + # Mat4 files have a zero somewhere in first 4 bytes + fileobj.seek(0) + hdr_bytes = fileobj.read(_HDR_N_BYTES) + if len(hdr_bytes) < _HDR_N_BYTES: + raise MatReadError("Mat file appears to be truncated") + if hdr_bytes.count(0) == _HDR_N_BYTES: + raise MatReadError("Mat file appears to be corrupt " + f"(first {_HDR_N_BYTES} bytes == 0)") + mopt_ints = np.ndarray(shape=(4,), dtype=np.uint8, buffer=hdr_bytes[:4]) + if 0 in mopt_ints: + fileobj.seek(0) + return (0,0) + # For 5 format or 7.3 format we need to read an integer in the + # header. Bytes 124 through 128 contain a version integer and an + # endian test string + fileobj.seek(124) + tst_str = fileobj.read(4) + fileobj.seek(0) + maj_ind = int(tst_str[2] == b'I'[0]) + maj_val = int(tst_str[maj_ind]) + min_val = int(tst_str[1 - maj_ind]) + ret = (maj_val, min_val) + if maj_val in (1, 2): + return ret + raise ValueError('Unknown mat file type, version {}, {}'.format(*ret)) + + +def matdims(arr, oned_as='column'): + """ + Determine equivalent MATLAB dimensions for given array + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : ndarray + Input array + oned_as : {'column', 'row'}, optional + Whether 1-D arrays are returned as MATLAB row or column matrices. + Default is 'column'. + + Returns + ------- + dims : tuple + Shape tuple, in the form MATLAB expects it. + + Notes + ----- + We had to decide what shape a 1 dimensional array would be by + default. ``np.atleast_2d`` thinks it is a row vector. The + default for a vector in MATLAB (e.g., ``>> 1:12``) is a row vector. + + Versions of scipy up to and including 0.11 resulted (accidentally) + in 1-D arrays being read as column vectors. For the moment, we + maintain the same tradition here. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.io.matlab._miobase import matdims + >>> matdims(np.array(1)) # NumPy scalar + (1, 1) + >>> matdims(np.array([1])) # 1-D array, 1 element + (1, 1) + >>> matdims(np.array([1,2])) # 1-D array, 2 elements + (2, 1) + >>> matdims(np.array([[2],[3]])) # 2-D array, column vector + (2, 1) + >>> matdims(np.array([[2,3]])) # 2-D array, row vector + (1, 2) + >>> matdims(np.array([[[2,3]]])) # 3-D array, rowish vector + (1, 1, 2) + >>> matdims(np.array([])) # empty 1-D array + (0, 0) + >>> matdims(np.array([[]])) # empty 2-D array + (0, 0) + >>> matdims(np.array([[[]]])) # empty 3-D array + (0, 0, 0) + + Optional argument flips 1-D shape behavior. + + >>> matdims(np.array([1,2]), 'row') # 1-D array, 2 elements + (1, 2) + + The argument has to make sense though + + >>> matdims(np.array([1,2]), 'bizarre') + Traceback (most recent call last): + ... + ValueError: 1-D option "bizarre" is strange + + """ + shape = arr.shape + if shape == (): # scalar + return (1, 1) + if len(shape) == 1: # 1D + if shape[0] == 0: + return (0, 0) + elif oned_as == 'column': + return shape + (1,) + elif oned_as == 'row': + return (1,) + shape + else: + raise ValueError(f'1-D option "{oned_as}" is strange') + return shape + + +class MatVarReader: + ''' Abstract class defining required interface for var readers''' + def __init__(self, file_reader): + pass + + def read_header(self): + ''' Returns header ''' + pass + + def array_from_header(self, header): + ''' Reads array given header ''' + pass + + +class MatFileReader: + """ Base object for reading mat files + + To make this class functional, you will need to override the + following methods: + + matrix_getter_factory - gives object to fetch next matrix from stream + guess_byte_order - guesses file byte order from file + """ + + @docfiller + def __init__(self, mat_stream, + byte_order=None, + mat_dtype=False, + squeeze_me=False, + chars_as_strings=True, + matlab_compatible=False, + struct_as_record=True, + verify_compressed_data_integrity=True, + simplify_cells=False): + ''' + Initializer for mat file reader + + mat_stream : file-like + object with file API, open for reading + %(load_args)s + ''' + # Initialize stream + self.mat_stream = mat_stream + self.dtypes = {} + if not byte_order: + byte_order = self.guess_byte_order() + else: + byte_order = boc.to_numpy_code(byte_order) + self.byte_order = byte_order + self.struct_as_record = struct_as_record + if matlab_compatible: + self.set_matlab_compatible() + else: + self.squeeze_me = squeeze_me + self.chars_as_strings = chars_as_strings + self.mat_dtype = mat_dtype + self.verify_compressed_data_integrity = verify_compressed_data_integrity + self.simplify_cells = simplify_cells + if simplify_cells: + self.squeeze_me = True + self.struct_as_record = False + + def set_matlab_compatible(self): + ''' Sets options to return arrays as MATLAB loads them ''' + self.mat_dtype = True + self.squeeze_me = False + self.chars_as_strings = False + + def guess_byte_order(self): + ''' As we do not know what file type we have, assume native ''' + return boc.native_code + + def end_of_stream(self): + b = self.mat_stream.read(1) + curpos = self.mat_stream.tell() + self.mat_stream.seek(curpos-1) + return len(b) == 0 + + +def arr_dtype_number(arr, num): + ''' Return dtype for given number of items per element''' + return np.dtype(arr.dtype.str[:2] + str(num)) + + +def arr_to_chars(arr): + ''' Convert string array to char array ''' + dims = list(arr.shape) + if not dims: + dims = [1] + dims.append(int(arr.dtype.str[2:])) + arr = np.ndarray(shape=dims, + dtype=arr_dtype_number(arr, 1), + buffer=arr) + empties = [arr == np.array('', dtype=arr.dtype)] + if not np.any(empties): + return arr + arr = arr.copy() + arr[tuple(empties)] = ' ' + return arr diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_streams.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_streams.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..475ca7b162f7180a484659c7f30596c5b400bcde --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/_streams.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:0c1259e30b6d5370880470fd3f827b673e2479e2066c5ebd7bed519d2cc4bc22 +size 132992 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/byteordercodes.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/byteordercodes.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a1c5b0f5e77fdd461d6085037bfdf2850f40fa0 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/byteordercodes.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="byteordercodes", + private_modules=["_byteordercodes"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..65bb31e52dc719b485b12ba1294fc3d09806c9d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio.py @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = ["loadmat", "savemat", "whosmat"] # noqa: F822 + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio", + private_modules=["_mio"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio4.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio4.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d13b99a0bcedc9746f7681843989791e0918df2e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio4.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio4", + private_modules=["_mio4"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b84ca19799b32999032833b4e1be1b21f6bc70da --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5.py @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'MatWriteError', 'MatReadError', 'MatReadWarning', 'MatlabObject', + 'MatlabFunction', 'mat_struct', 'varmats_from_mat', +] + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio5", + private_modules=["_mio5"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_params.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_params.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2dcc9a4f353794546f0d8c07f9afe369baa992f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_params.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'MatlabFunction', 'MatlabObject', 'MatlabOpaque', 'mat_struct', +] + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio5_params", + private_modules=["_mio5_params"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_utils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_utils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37ad9e2dc2f50b85bf5aba517c4ac7d661b5039a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio5_utils.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio5_utils", + private_modules=["_mio5_utils"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio_utils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio_utils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6920511d2635b44acd33ce6f5e00247daf6578d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/mio_utils.py @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__: list[str] = [] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="mio_utils", + private_modules=["_mio_utils"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/miobase.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/miobase.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13e16848394471f9a1744a7b27fa4e6c86a9248b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/miobase.py @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.io.matlab` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = ["MatReadError", "MatReadWarning", "MatWriteError"] # noqa: F822 + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="io.matlab", module="miobase", + private_modules=["_miobase"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/streams.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/streams.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8125271b06cc6f44cee19b2f6079d26b8f32e268 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/streams.py @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +# This file is not meant for 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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_byteordercodes.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..535434d188ff575029cc7a0de807b0daa7348f73 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_byteordercodes.py @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +''' Tests for byteorder module ''' + +import sys + +from numpy.testing import assert_ +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +import scipy.io.matlab._byteordercodes as sibc + + +def test_native(): + native_is_le = sys.byteorder == 'little' + assert_(sibc.sys_is_le == native_is_le) + + +def test_to_numpy(): + if sys.byteorder == 'little': + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('native') == '<') + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('swapped') == '>') + else: + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('native') == '>') + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('swapped') == '<') + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('native') == sibc.to_numpy_code('=')) + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code('big') == '>') + for code in ('little', '<', 'l', 'L', 'le'): + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code(code) == '<') + for code in ('big', '>', 'b', 'B', 'be'): + assert_(sibc.to_numpy_code(code) == '>') + assert_raises(ValueError, sibc.to_numpy_code, 'silly string') diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ce86a6014da44f5dfa9960fd627db02d78d3413b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio.py @@ -0,0 +1,1399 @@ +import os +from collections import OrderedDict +from os.path import join as pjoin, dirname +from glob import glob +from io import BytesIO +import re +from tempfile import mkdtemp + +import warnings +import shutil +import gzip + +from numpy.testing import (assert_array_equal, assert_array_almost_equal, + assert_equal, assert_, assert_allclose) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises, warns as assert_warns + +import numpy as np +from numpy import array +from scipy.sparse import issparse, eye_array, coo_array, csc_array + +import scipy.io +from scipy.io.matlab import MatlabOpaque, MatlabFunction, MatlabObject +import scipy.io.matlab._byteordercodes as boc +from scipy.io.matlab._miobase import (matdims, MatWriteError, MatReadError, + matfile_version, MatWriteWarning) +from scipy.io.matlab._mio import mat_reader_factory, loadmat, savemat, whosmat +from scipy.io.matlab._mio5 import ( + MatFile5Writer, MatFile5Reader, varmats_from_mat, to_writeable, + EmptyStructMarker) +import scipy.io.matlab._mio5_params as mio5p + + +test_data_path = pjoin(dirname(__file__), 'data') +pytestmark = pytest.mark.thread_unsafe + + +def mlarr(*args, **kwargs): + """Convenience function to return matlab-compatible 2-D array.""" + arr = np.array(*args, **kwargs) + arr = arr.reshape(matdims(arr)) + return arr + + +# Define cases to test +theta = np.pi/4*np.arange(9,dtype=float).reshape(1,9) +case_table4 = [ + {'name': 'double', + 'classes': {'testdouble': 'double'}, + 'expected': {'testdouble': theta} + }] +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'string', + 'classes': {'teststring': 'char'}, + 'expected': {'teststring': + array(['"Do nine men interpret?" "Nine men," I nod.'])} + }) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'complex', + 'classes': {'testcomplex': 'double'}, + 'expected': {'testcomplex': np.cos(theta) + 1j*np.sin(theta)} + }) +A = np.zeros((3,5)) +A[0] = list(range(1,6)) +A[:,0] = list(range(1,4)) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'matrix', + 'classes': {'testmatrix': 'double'}, + 'expected': {'testmatrix': A}, + }) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'sparse', + 'classes': {'testsparse': 'sparse'}, + 'expected': {'testsparse': coo_array(A)}, + }) +B = A.astype(complex) +B[0,0] += 1j +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'sparsecomplex', + 'classes': {'testsparsecomplex': 'sparse'}, + 'expected': {'testsparsecomplex': coo_array(B)}, + }) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'multi', + 'classes': {'theta': 'double', 'a': 'double'}, + 'expected': {'theta': theta, 'a': A}, + }) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'minus', + 'classes': {'testminus': 'double'}, + 'expected': {'testminus': mlarr(-1)}, + }) +case_table4.append( + {'name': 'onechar', + 'classes': {'testonechar': 'char'}, + 'expected': {'testonechar': array(['r'])}, + }) +# Cell arrays stored as object arrays +CA = mlarr(( # tuple for object array creation + [], + mlarr([1]), + mlarr([[1,2]]), + mlarr([[1,2,3]])), dtype=object).reshape(1,-1) +CA[0,0] = array( + ['This cell contains this string and 3 arrays of increasing length']) +case_table5 = [ + {'name': 'cell', + 'classes': {'testcell': 'cell'}, + 'expected': {'testcell': CA}}] +CAE = mlarr(( # tuple for object array creation + mlarr(1), + mlarr(2), + mlarr([]), + mlarr([]), + mlarr(3)), dtype=object).reshape(1,-1) +objarr = np.empty((1,1),dtype=object) +objarr[0,0] = mlarr(1) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'scalarcell', + 'classes': {'testscalarcell': 'cell'}, + 'expected': {'testscalarcell': objarr} + }) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'emptycell', + 'classes': {'testemptycell': 'cell'}, + 'expected': {'testemptycell': CAE}}) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'stringarray', + 'classes': {'teststringarray': 'char'}, + 'expected': {'teststringarray': array( + ['one ', 'two ', 'three'])}, + }) +case_table5.append( + {'name': '3dmatrix', + 'classes': {'test3dmatrix': 'double'}, + 'expected': { + 'test3dmatrix': np.transpose(np.reshape(list(range(1,25)), (4,3,2)))} + }) +st_sub_arr = array([np.sqrt(2),np.exp(1),np.pi]).reshape(1,3) +dtype = [(n, object) for n in ['stringfield', 'doublefield', 'complexfield']] +st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype) +st1['stringfield'][0,0] = array(['Rats live on no evil star.']) +st1['doublefield'][0,0] = st_sub_arr +st1['complexfield'][0,0] = st_sub_arr * (1 + 1j) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'struct', + 'classes': {'teststruct': 'struct'}, + 'expected': {'teststruct': st1} + }) +CN = np.zeros((1,2), dtype=object) +CN[0,0] = mlarr(1) +CN[0,1] = np.zeros((1,3), dtype=object) +CN[0,1][0,0] = mlarr(2, dtype=np.uint8) +CN[0,1][0,1] = mlarr([[3]], dtype=np.uint8) +CN[0,1][0,2] = np.zeros((1,2), dtype=object) +CN[0,1][0,2][0,0] = mlarr(4, dtype=np.uint8) +CN[0,1][0,2][0,1] = mlarr(5, dtype=np.uint8) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'cellnest', + 'classes': {'testcellnest': 'cell'}, + 'expected': {'testcellnest': CN}, + }) +st2 = np.empty((1,1), dtype=[(n, object) for n in ['one', 'two']]) +st2[0,0]['one'] = mlarr(1) +st2[0,0]['two'] = np.empty((1,1), dtype=[('three', object)]) +st2[0,0]['two'][0,0]['three'] = array(['number 3']) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'structnest', + 'classes': {'teststructnest': 'struct'}, + 'expected': {'teststructnest': st2} + }) +a = np.empty((1,2), dtype=[(n, object) for n in ['one', 'two']]) +a[0,0]['one'] = mlarr(1) +a[0,0]['two'] = mlarr(2) +a[0,1]['one'] = array(['number 1']) +a[0,1]['two'] = array(['number 2']) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'structarr', + 'classes': {'teststructarr': 'struct'}, + 'expected': {'teststructarr': a} + }) +ODT = np.dtype([(n, object) for n in + ['expr', 'inputExpr', 'args', + 'isEmpty', 'numArgs', 'version']]) +MO = MatlabObject(np.zeros((1,1), dtype=ODT), 'inline') +m0 = MO[0,0] +m0['expr'] = array(['x']) +m0['inputExpr'] = array([' x = INLINE_INPUTS_{1};']) +m0['args'] = array(['x']) +m0['isEmpty'] = mlarr(0) +m0['numArgs'] = mlarr(1) +m0['version'] = mlarr(1) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'object', + 'classes': {'testobject': 'object'}, + 'expected': {'testobject': MO} + }) +fp_u_str = open(pjoin(test_data_path, 'japanese_utf8.txt'), 'rb') +u_str = fp_u_str.read().decode('utf-8') +fp_u_str.close() +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'unicode', + 'classes': {'testunicode': 'char'}, + 'expected': {'testunicode': array([u_str])} + }) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'sparse', + 'classes': {'testsparse': 'sparse'}, + 'expected': {'testsparse': coo_array(A)}, + }) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'sparsecomplex', + 'classes': {'testsparsecomplex': 'sparse'}, + 'expected': {'testsparsecomplex': coo_array(B)}, + }) +case_table5.append( + {'name': 'bool', + 'classes': {'testbools': 'logical'}, + 'expected': {'testbools': + array([[True], [False]])}, + }) + +case_table5_rt = case_table5[:] +# Inline functions can't be concatenated in matlab, so RT only +case_table5_rt.append( + {'name': 'objectarray', + 'classes': {'testobjectarray': 'object'}, + 'expected': {'testobjectarray': np.repeat(MO, 2).reshape(1,2)}}) + + +def types_compatible(var1, var2): + """Check if types are same or compatible. + + 0-D numpy scalars are compatible with bare python scalars. + """ + type1 = type(var1) + type2 = type(var2) + if type1 is type2: + return True + if type1 is np.ndarray and var1.shape == (): + return type(var1.item()) is type2 + if type2 is np.ndarray and var2.shape == (): + return type(var2.item()) is type1 + return False + + +def _check_level(label, expected, actual): + """ Check one level of a potentially nested array """ + if issparse(expected): # allow different types of sparse matrices + assert_(issparse(actual)) + assert_array_almost_equal(actual.toarray(), + expected.toarray(), + err_msg=label, + decimal=5) + return + # Check types are as expected + assert_(types_compatible(expected, actual), + f"Expected type {type(expected)}, got {type(actual)} at {label}") + # A field in a record array may not be an ndarray + # A scalar from a record array will be type np.void + if not isinstance(expected, np.void | np.ndarray | MatlabObject): + assert_equal(expected, actual) + return + # This is an ndarray-like thing + assert_(expected.shape == actual.shape, + msg=f'Expected shape {expected.shape}, got {actual.shape} at {label}') + ex_dtype = expected.dtype + if ex_dtype.hasobject: # array of objects + if isinstance(expected, MatlabObject): + assert_equal(expected.classname, actual.classname) + for i, ev in enumerate(expected): + level_label = f"{label}, [{i}], " + _check_level(level_label, ev, actual[i]) + return + if ex_dtype.fields: # probably recarray + for fn in ex_dtype.fields: + level_label = f"{label}, field {fn}, " + _check_level(level_label, + expected[fn], actual[fn]) + return + if ex_dtype.type in (str, # string or bool + np.str_, + np.bool_): + assert_equal(actual, expected, err_msg=label) + return + # Something numeric + assert_array_almost_equal(actual, expected, err_msg=label, decimal=5) + + +def _load_check_case(name, files, case): + for file_name in files: + matdict = loadmat(file_name, struct_as_record=True, spmatrix=False) + label = f"test {name}; file {file_name}" + for k, expected in case.items(): + k_label = f"{label}, variable {k}" + assert_(k in matdict, f"Missing key at {k_label}") + _check_level(k_label, expected, matdict[k]) + + +def _whos_check_case(name, files, case, classes): + for file_name in files: + label = f"test {name}; file {file_name}" + + whos = whosmat(file_name) + + expected_whos = [ + (k, expected.shape, classes[k]) for k, expected in case.items()] + + whos.sort() + expected_whos.sort() + assert_equal(whos, expected_whos, + f"{label}: {whos!r} != {expected_whos!r}" + ) + + +# Round trip tests +def _rt_check_case(name, expected, format): + mat_stream = BytesIO() + savemat(mat_stream, expected, format=format) + mat_stream.seek(0) + _load_check_case(name, [mat_stream], expected) + + +# generator for tests +def _cases(version, filt='test%(name)s_*.mat'): + if version == '4': + cases = case_table4 + elif version == '5': + cases = case_table5 + else: + assert version == '5_rt' + cases = case_table5_rt + for case in cases: + name = case['name'] + expected = case['expected'] + if filt is None: + files = None + else: + use_filt = pjoin(test_data_path, filt % dict(name=name)) + files = glob(use_filt) + assert len(files) > 0, \ + f"No files for test {name} using filter {filt}" + classes = case['classes'] + yield name, files, expected, classes + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('version', ('4', '5')) +def test_load(version): + for case in _cases(version): + _load_check_case(*case[:3]) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('version', ('4', '5')) +def test_whos(version): + for case in _cases(version): + _whos_check_case(*case) + + +# generator for round trip tests +@pytest.mark.parametrize('version, fmts', [ + ('4', ['4', '5']), + ('5_rt', ['5']), +]) +def test_round_trip(version, fmts): + for case in _cases(version, filt=None): + for fmt in fmts: + _rt_check_case(case[0], case[2], fmt) + + +def test_gzip_simple(): + xdense = np.zeros((20,20)) + xdense[2,3] = 2.3 + xdense[4,5] = 4.5 + x = csc_array(xdense) + + name = 'gzip_test' + expected = {'x':x} + format = '4' + + tmpdir = mkdtemp() + try: + fname = pjoin(tmpdir,name) + mat_stream = gzip.open(fname, mode='wb') + savemat(mat_stream, expected, format=format) + mat_stream.close() + + mat_stream = gzip.open(fname, mode='rb') + actual = loadmat(mat_stream, struct_as_record=True, spmatrix=False) + mat_stream.close() + finally: + shutil.rmtree(tmpdir) + + assert_array_almost_equal(actual['x'].toarray(), + expected['x'].toarray(), + err_msg=repr(actual)) + + +def test_multiple_open(): + # Ticket #1039, on Windows: check that files are not left open + tmpdir = mkdtemp() + try: + x = dict(x=np.zeros((2, 2))) + + fname = pjoin(tmpdir, "a.mat") + + # Check that file is not left open + savemat(fname, x) + os.unlink(fname) + savemat(fname, x) + loadmat(fname) + os.unlink(fname) + + # Check that stream is left open + f = open(fname, 'wb') + savemat(f, x) + f.seek(0) + f.close() + + f = open(fname, 'rb') + loadmat(f) + f.seek(0) + f.close() + finally: + shutil.rmtree(tmpdir) + + +def test_mat73(): + # Check any hdf5 files raise an error + filenames = glob( + pjoin(test_data_path, 'testhdf5*.mat')) + assert_(len(filenames) > 0) + for filename in filenames: + fp = open(filename, 'rb') + assert_raises(NotImplementedError, + loadmat, + fp, + struct_as_record=True) + fp.close() + + +def test_warnings(): + # This test is an echo of the previous behavior, which was to raise a + # warning if the user triggered a search for mat files on the Python system + # path. We can remove the test in the next version after upcoming (0.13). + fname = pjoin(test_data_path, 'testdouble_7.1_GLNX86.mat') + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter('error') + # This should not generate a warning + loadmat(fname, struct_as_record=True) + # This neither + loadmat(fname, struct_as_record=False) + + +def test_regression_653(): + # Saving a dictionary with only invalid keys used to raise an error. Now we + # save this as an empty struct in matlab space. + sio = BytesIO() + savemat(sio, {'d':{1:2}}, format='5') + back = loadmat(sio)['d'] + # Check we got an empty struct equivalent + assert_equal(back.shape, (1,1)) + assert_equal(back.dtype, np.dtype(object)) + assert_(back[0,0] is None) + + +def test_structname_len(): + # Test limit for length of field names in structs + lim = 31 + fldname = 'a' * lim + st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype=[(fldname, object)]) + savemat(BytesIO(), {'longstruct': st1}, format='5') + fldname = 'a' * (lim+1) + st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype=[(fldname, object)]) + assert_raises(ValueError, savemat, BytesIO(), + {'longstruct': st1}, format='5') + + +def test_4_and_long_field_names_incompatible(): + # Long field names option not supported in 4 + my_struct = np.zeros((1,1),dtype=[('my_fieldname',object)]) + assert_raises(ValueError, savemat, BytesIO(), + {'my_struct':my_struct}, format='4', long_field_names=True) + + +def test_long_field_names(): + # Test limit for length of field names in structs + lim = 63 + fldname = 'a' * lim + st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype=[(fldname, object)]) + savemat(BytesIO(), {'longstruct': st1}, format='5',long_field_names=True) + fldname = 'a' * (lim+1) + st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype=[(fldname, object)]) + assert_raises(ValueError, savemat, BytesIO(), + {'longstruct': st1}, format='5',long_field_names=True) + + +def test_long_field_names_in_struct(): + # Regression test - long_field_names was erased if you passed a struct + # within a struct + lim = 63 + fldname = 'a' * lim + cell = np.ndarray((1,2),dtype=object) + st1 = np.zeros((1,1), dtype=[(fldname, object)]) + cell[0,0] = st1 + cell[0,1] = st1 + savemat(BytesIO(), {'longstruct': cell}, format='5',long_field_names=True) + # + # Check to make sure it fails with long field names off + # + assert_raises(ValueError, savemat, BytesIO(), + {'longstruct': cell}, format='5', long_field_names=False) + + +def test_cell_with_one_thing_in_it(): + # Regression test - make a cell array that's 1 x 2 and put two + # strings in it. It works. Make a cell array that's 1 x 1 and put + # a string in it. It should work but, in the old days, it didn't. + cells = np.ndarray((1,2),dtype=object) + cells[0,0] = 'Hello' + cells[0,1] = 'World' + savemat(BytesIO(), {'x': cells}, format='5') + + cells = np.ndarray((1,1),dtype=object) + cells[0,0] = 'Hello, world' + savemat(BytesIO(), {'x': cells}, format='5') + + +def test_writer_properties(): + # Tests getting, setting of properties of matrix writer + mfw = MatFile5Writer(BytesIO()) + assert_equal(mfw.global_vars, []) + mfw.global_vars = ['avar'] + assert_equal(mfw.global_vars, ['avar']) + assert_equal(mfw.unicode_strings, False) + mfw.unicode_strings = True + assert_equal(mfw.unicode_strings, True) + assert_equal(mfw.long_field_names, False) + mfw.long_field_names = True + assert_equal(mfw.long_field_names, True) + + +def test_use_small_element(): + # Test whether we're using small data element or not + sio = BytesIO() + wtr = MatFile5Writer(sio) + # First check size for no sde for name + arr = np.zeros(10) + wtr.put_variables({'aaaaa': arr}) + w_sz = len(sio.getvalue()) + # Check small name results in largish difference in size + sio.truncate(0) + sio.seek(0) + wtr.put_variables({'aaaa': arr}) + assert_(w_sz - len(sio.getvalue()) > 4) + # Whereas increasing name size makes less difference + sio.truncate(0) + sio.seek(0) + wtr.put_variables({'aaaaaa': arr}) + assert_(len(sio.getvalue()) - w_sz < 4) + + +def test_save_dict(): + # Test that both dict and OrderedDict can be saved (as recarray), + # loaded as matstruct, and preserve order + ab_exp = np.array([[(1, 2)]], dtype=[('a', object), ('b', object)]) + for dict_type in (dict, OrderedDict): + # Initialize with tuples to keep order + d = dict_type([('a', 1), ('b', 2)]) + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'dict': d}) + stream.seek(0) + vals = loadmat(stream)['dict'] + assert_equal(vals.dtype.names, ('a', 'b')) + assert_array_equal(vals, ab_exp) + + +def test_1d_shape(): + # New 5 behavior is 1D -> row vector + arr = np.arange(5) + for format in ('4', '5'): + # Column is the default + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'oned': arr}, format=format) + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_equal(vals['oned'].shape, (1, 5)) + # can be explicitly 'column' for oned_as + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'oned':arr}, + format=format, + oned_as='column') + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_equal(vals['oned'].shape, (5,1)) + # but different from 'row' + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'oned':arr}, + format=format, + oned_as='row') + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_equal(vals['oned'].shape, (1,5)) + + +def test_compression(): + arr = np.zeros(100).reshape((5,20)) + arr[2,10] = 1 + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr':arr}) + raw_len = len(stream.getvalue()) + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_array_equal(vals['arr'], arr) + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr':arr}, do_compression=True) + compressed_len = len(stream.getvalue()) + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_array_equal(vals['arr'], arr) + assert_(raw_len > compressed_len) + # Concatenate, test later + arr2 = arr.copy() + arr2[0,0] = 1 + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr':arr, 'arr2':arr2}, do_compression=False) + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_array_equal(vals['arr2'], arr2) + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr':arr, 'arr2':arr2}, do_compression=True) + vals = loadmat(stream) + assert_array_equal(vals['arr2'], arr2) + + +def test_single_object(): + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'A':np.array(1, dtype=object)}) + + +def test_skip_variable(): + # Test skipping over the first of two variables in a MAT file + # using mat_reader_factory and put_variables to read them in. + # + # This is a regression test of a problem that's caused by + # using the compressed file reader seek instead of the raw file + # I/O seek when skipping over a compressed chunk. + # + # The problem arises when the chunk is large: this file has + # a 256x256 array of random (uncompressible) doubles. + # + filename = pjoin(test_data_path,'test_skip_variable.mat') + # + # Prove that it loads with loadmat + # + d = loadmat(filename, struct_as_record=True) + assert_('first' in d) + assert_('second' in d) + # + # Make the factory + # + factory, file_opened = mat_reader_factory(filename, struct_as_record=True) + # + # This is where the factory breaks with an error in MatMatrixGetter.to_next + # + d = factory.get_variables('second') + assert_('second' in d) + factory.mat_stream.close() + + +def test_empty_struct(): + # ticket 885 + filename = pjoin(test_data_path,'test_empty_struct.mat') + # before ticket fix, this would crash with ValueError, empty data + # type + d = loadmat(filename, struct_as_record=True) + a = d['a'] + assert_equal(a.shape, (1,1)) + assert_equal(a.dtype, np.dtype(object)) + assert_(a[0,0] is None) + stream = BytesIO() + arr = np.array((), dtype='U') + # before ticket fix, this used to give data type not understood + savemat(stream, {'arr':arr}) + d = loadmat(stream) + a2 = d['arr'] + assert_array_equal(a2, arr) + + +def test_save_empty_dict(): + # saving empty dict also gives empty struct + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr': {}}) + d = loadmat(stream) + a = d['arr'] + assert_equal(a.shape, (1,1)) + assert_equal(a.dtype, np.dtype(object)) + assert_(a[0,0] is None) + + +def assert_any_equal(output, alternatives): + """ Assert `output` is equal to at least one element in `alternatives` + """ + one_equal = False + for expected in alternatives: + if np.all(output == expected): + one_equal = True + break + assert_(one_equal) + + +def test_to_writeable(): + # Test to_writeable function + res = to_writeable(np.array([1])) # pass through ndarrays + assert_equal(res.shape, (1,)) + assert_array_equal(res, 1) + # Dict fields can be written in any order + expected1 = np.array([(1, 2)], dtype=[('a', '|O8'), ('b', '|O8')]) + expected2 = np.array([(2, 1)], dtype=[('b', '|O8'), ('a', '|O8')]) + alternatives = (expected1, expected2) + assert_any_equal(to_writeable({'a':1,'b':2}), alternatives) + # Fields with underscores discarded with a warning message. + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_any_equal(to_writeable({'a':1, 'b':2, '_c':3}), alternatives) + # Not-string fields discarded + assert_any_equal(to_writeable({'a':1,'b':2, 100:3}), alternatives) + # String fields that are valid Python identifiers discarded + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_any_equal(to_writeable({'a':1, 'b':2, '99':3}), alternatives) + # Object with field names is equivalent + + class klass: + pass + + c = klass + c.a = 1 + c.b = 2 + assert_any_equal(to_writeable(c), alternatives) + # empty list and tuple go to empty array + res = to_writeable([]) + assert_equal(res.shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.dtype.type, np.float64) + res = to_writeable(()) + assert_equal(res.shape, (0,)) + assert_equal(res.dtype.type, np.float64) + # None -> None + assert_(to_writeable(None) is None) + # String to strings + assert_equal(to_writeable('a string').dtype.type, np.str_) + # Scalars to numpy to NumPy scalars + res = to_writeable(1) + assert_equal(res.shape, ()) + assert_equal(res.dtype.type, np.array(1).dtype.type) + assert_array_equal(res, 1) + # Empty dict returns EmptyStructMarker + assert_(to_writeable({}) is EmptyStructMarker) + # Object does not have (even empty) __dict__ + assert_(to_writeable(object()) is None) + # Custom object does have empty __dict__, returns EmptyStructMarker + + class C: + pass + + assert_(to_writeable(c()) is EmptyStructMarker) + # dict keys with legal characters are convertible + res = to_writeable({'a': 1})['a'] + assert_equal(res.shape, (1,)) + assert_equal(res.dtype.type, np.object_) + # Only fields with illegal characters, falls back to EmptyStruct + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_(to_writeable({'1':1}) is EmptyStructMarker) + + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_(to_writeable({'_a':1}) is EmptyStructMarker) + # Unless there are valid fields, in which case structured array + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_equal(to_writeable({'1':1, 'f': 2}), + np.array([(2,)], dtype=[('f', '|O8')])) + + +def test_recarray(): + # check roundtrip of structured array + dt = [('f1', 'f8'), + ('f2', 'S10')] + arr = np.zeros((2,), dtype=dt) + arr[0]['f1'] = 0.5 + arr[0]['f2'] = 'python' + arr[1]['f1'] = 99 + arr[1]['f2'] = 'not perl' + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'arr': arr}) + d = loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=False) + a20 = d['arr'][0,0] + assert_equal(a20.f1, 0.5) + assert_equal(a20.f2, 'python') + d = loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=True) + a20 = d['arr'][0,0] + assert_equal(a20['f1'], 0.5) + assert_equal(a20['f2'], 'python') + # structs always come back as object types + assert_equal(a20.dtype, np.dtype([('f1', 'O'), + ('f2', 'O')])) + a21 = d['arr'].flat[1] + assert_equal(a21['f1'], 99) + assert_equal(a21['f2'], 'not perl') + + +def test_save_object(): + class C: + pass + c = C() + c.field1 = 1 + c.field2 = 'a string' + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'c': c}) + d = loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=False) + c2 = d['c'][0,0] + assert_equal(c2.field1, 1) + assert_equal(c2.field2, 'a string') + d = loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=True) + c2 = d['c'][0,0] + assert_equal(c2['field1'], 1) + assert_equal(c2['field2'], 'a string') + + +def test_read_opts(): + # tests if read is seeing option sets, at initialization and after + # initialization + arr = np.arange(6).reshape(1,6) + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'a': arr}) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream) + back_dict = rdr.get_variables() + rarr = back_dict['a'] + assert_array_equal(rarr, arr) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream, squeeze_me=True) + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], arr.reshape((6,))) + rdr.squeeze_me = False + assert_array_equal(rarr, arr) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream, byte_order=boc.native_code) + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], arr) + # inverted byte code leads to error on read because of swapped + # header etc. + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream, byte_order=boc.swapped_code) + assert_raises(Exception, rdr.get_variables) + rdr.byte_order = boc.native_code + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], arr) + arr = np.array(['a string']) + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) + savemat(stream, {'a': arr}) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream) + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], arr) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream, chars_as_strings=False) + carr = np.atleast_2d(np.array(list(arr.item()), dtype='U1')) + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], carr) + rdr.chars_as_strings = True + assert_array_equal(rdr.get_variables()['a'], arr) + + +def test_empty_string(): + # make sure reading empty string does not raise error + estring_fname = pjoin(test_data_path, 'single_empty_string.mat') + fp = open(estring_fname, 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert_array_equal(d['a'], np.array([], dtype='U1')) + # Empty string round trip. Matlab cannot distinguish + # between a string array that is empty, and a string array + # containing a single empty string, because it stores strings as + # arrays of char. There is no way of having an array of char that + # is not empty, but contains an empty string. + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'a': np.array([''])}) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream) + d = rdr.get_variables() + assert_array_equal(d['a'], np.array([], dtype='U1')) + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) + savemat(stream, {'a': np.array([], dtype='U1')}) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream) + d = rdr.get_variables() + assert_array_equal(d['a'], np.array([], dtype='U1')) + stream.close() + + +def test_corrupted_data(): + import zlib + for exc, fname in [(ValueError, 'corrupted_zlib_data.mat'), + (zlib.error, 'corrupted_zlib_checksum.mat')]: + with open(pjoin(test_data_path, fname), 'rb') as fp: + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp) + assert_raises(exc, rdr.get_variables) + + +def test_corrupted_data_check_can_be_disabled(): + with open(pjoin(test_data_path, 'corrupted_zlib_data.mat'), 'rb') as fp: + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp, verify_compressed_data_integrity=False) + rdr.get_variables() + + +def test_read_both_endian(): + # make sure big- and little- endian data is read correctly + for fname in ('big_endian.mat', 'little_endian.mat'): + fp = open(pjoin(test_data_path, fname), 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert_array_equal(d['strings'], + np.array([['hello'], + ['world']], dtype=object)) + assert_array_equal(d['floats'], + np.array([[2., 3.], + [3., 4.]], dtype=np.float32)) + + +def test_write_opposite_endian(): + # We don't support writing opposite endian .mat files, but we need to behave + # correctly if the user supplies an other-endian NumPy array to write out. + float_arr = np.array([[2., 3.], + [3., 4.]]) + int_arr = np.arange(6).reshape((2, 3)) + uni_arr = np.array(['hello', 'world'], dtype='U') + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, { + 'floats': float_arr.byteswap().view(float_arr.dtype.newbyteorder()), + 'ints': int_arr.byteswap().view(int_arr.dtype.newbyteorder()), + 'uni_arr': uni_arr.byteswap().view(uni_arr.dtype.newbyteorder()), + }) + rdr = MatFile5Reader(stream) + d = rdr.get_variables() + assert_array_equal(d['floats'], float_arr) + assert_array_equal(d['ints'], int_arr) + assert_array_equal(d['uni_arr'], uni_arr) + stream.close() + + +def test_logical_array(): + # The roundtrip test doesn't verify that we load the data up with the + # correct (bool) dtype + with open(pjoin(test_data_path, 'testbool_8_WIN64.mat'), 'rb') as fobj: + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fobj, mat_dtype=True) + d = rdr.get_variables() + x = np.array([[True], [False]], dtype=np.bool_) + assert_array_equal(d['testbools'], x) + assert_equal(d['testbools'].dtype, x.dtype) + + +def test_logical_out_type(): + # Confirm that bool type written as uint8, uint8 class + # See gh-4022 + stream = BytesIO() + barr = np.array([False, True, False]) + savemat(stream, {'barray': barr}) + stream.seek(0) + reader = MatFile5Reader(stream) + reader.initialize_read() + reader.read_file_header() + hdr, _ = reader.read_var_header() + assert_equal(hdr.mclass, mio5p.mxUINT8_CLASS) + assert_equal(hdr.is_logical, True) + var = reader.read_var_array(hdr, False) + assert_equal(var.dtype.type, np.uint8) + + +def test_roundtrip_zero_dimensions(): + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'d':np.empty((10, 0))}) + d = loadmat(stream) + assert d['d'].shape == (10, 0) + + +def test_mat4_3d(): + # test behavior when writing 3-D arrays to matlab 4 files + stream = BytesIO() + arr = np.arange(24).reshape((2,3,4)) + assert_raises(ValueError, savemat, stream, {'a': arr}, True, '4') + + +def test_func_read(): + func_eg = pjoin(test_data_path, 'testfunc_7.4_GLNX86.mat') + fp = open(func_eg, 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert isinstance(d['testfunc'], MatlabFunction) + stream = BytesIO() + wtr = MatFile5Writer(stream) + # This test mat file has `__header__` field. + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + assert_raises(MatWriteError, wtr.put_variables, d) + + +def test_mat_dtype(): + double_eg = pjoin(test_data_path, 'testmatrix_6.1_SOL2.mat') + fp = open(double_eg, 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp, mat_dtype=False) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert_equal(d['testmatrix'].dtype.kind, 'u') + + fp = open(double_eg, 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp, mat_dtype=True) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert_equal(d['testmatrix'].dtype.kind, 'f') + + +def test_sparse_in_struct(): + # reproduces bug found by DC where Cython code was insisting on + # ndarray return type, but getting sparse matrix + st = {'sparsefield': eye_array(4)} + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'a':st}) + d = loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=True) + assert_array_equal(d['a'][0, 0]['sparsefield'].toarray(), np.eye(4)) + + +def test_mat_struct_squeeze(): + stream = BytesIO() + in_d = {'st':{'one':1, 'two':2}} + savemat(stream, in_d) + # no error without squeeze + loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=False) + # previous error was with squeeze, with mat_struct + loadmat(stream, struct_as_record=False, squeeze_me=True) + + +def test_scalar_squeeze(): + stream = BytesIO() + in_d = {'scalar': [[0.1]], 'string': 'my name', 'st':{'one':1, 'two':2}} + savemat(stream, in_d) + out_d = loadmat(stream, squeeze_me=True) + assert_(isinstance(out_d['scalar'], float)) + assert_(isinstance(out_d['string'], str)) + assert_(isinstance(out_d['st'], np.ndarray)) + + +def test_str_round(): + # from report by Angus McMorland on mailing list 3 May 2010 + stream = BytesIO() + in_arr = np.array(['Hello', 'Foob']) + out_arr = np.array(['Hello', 'Foob ']) + savemat(stream, dict(a=in_arr)) + res = loadmat(stream) + # resulted in ['HloolFoa', 'elWrdobr'] + assert_array_equal(res['a'], out_arr) + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) + # Make Fortran ordered version of string + in_str = in_arr.tobytes(order='F') + in_from_str = np.ndarray(shape=a.shape, + dtype=in_arr.dtype, + order='F', + buffer=in_str) + savemat(stream, dict(a=in_from_str)) + assert_array_equal(res['a'], out_arr) + # unicode save did lead to buffer too small error + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) + in_arr_u = in_arr.astype('U') + out_arr_u = out_arr.astype('U') + savemat(stream, {'a': in_arr_u}) + res = loadmat(stream) + assert_array_equal(res['a'], out_arr_u) + + +def test_fieldnames(): + # Check that field names are as expected + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, {'a': {'a':1, 'b':2}}) + res = loadmat(stream) + field_names = res['a'].dtype.names + assert_equal(set(field_names), {'a', 'b'}) + + +def test_loadmat_varnames(): + # Test that we can get just one variable from a mat file using loadmat + mat5_sys_names = ['__globals__', + '__header__', + '__version__'] + for eg_file, sys_v_names in ( + (pjoin(test_data_path, 'testmulti_4.2c_SOL2.mat'), []), (pjoin( + test_data_path, 'testmulti_7.4_GLNX86.mat'), mat5_sys_names)): + vars = loadmat(eg_file) + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(['a', 'theta'] + sys_v_names)) + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names='a') + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(['a'] + sys_v_names)) + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names=['a']) + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(['a'] + sys_v_names)) + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names=['theta']) + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(['theta'] + sys_v_names)) + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names=('theta',)) + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(['theta'] + sys_v_names)) + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names=[]) + assert_equal(set(vars.keys()), set(sys_v_names)) + vnames = ['theta'] + vars = loadmat(eg_file, variable_names=vnames) + assert_equal(vnames, ['theta']) + + +def test_round_types(): + # Check that saving, loading preserves dtype in most cases + arr = np.arange(10) + stream = BytesIO() + for dts in ('f8','f4','i8','i4','i2','i1', + 'u8','u4','u2','u1','c16','c8'): + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) # needed for BytesIO in Python 3 + savemat(stream, {'arr': arr.astype(dts)}) + vars = loadmat(stream) + assert_equal(np.dtype(dts), vars['arr'].dtype) + + +def test_varmats_from_mat(): + # Make a mat file with several variables, write it, read it back + names_vars = (('arr', mlarr(np.arange(10))), + ('mystr', mlarr('a string')), + ('mynum', mlarr(10))) + + # Dict like thing to give variables in defined order + class C: + def items(self): + return names_vars + stream = BytesIO() + savemat(stream, C()) + varmats = varmats_from_mat(stream) + assert_equal(len(varmats), 3) + for i in range(3): + name, var_stream = varmats[i] + exp_name, exp_res = names_vars[i] + assert_equal(name, exp_name) + res = loadmat(var_stream) + assert_array_equal(res[name], exp_res) + + +def test_one_by_zero(): + # Test 1x0 chars get read correctly + func_eg = pjoin(test_data_path, 'one_by_zero_char.mat') + fp = open(func_eg, 'rb') + rdr = MatFile5Reader(fp) + d = rdr.get_variables() + fp.close() + assert_equal(d['var'].shape, (0,)) + + +def test_load_mat4_le(): + # We were getting byte order wrong when reading little-endian floa64 dense + # matrices on big-endian platforms + mat4_fname = pjoin(test_data_path, 'test_mat4_le_floats.mat') + vars = loadmat(mat4_fname) + assert_array_equal(vars['a'], [[0.1, 1.2]]) + + +def test_unicode_mat4(): + # Mat4 should save unicode as latin1 + bio = BytesIO() + var = {'second_cat': 'Schrödinger'} + savemat(bio, var, format='4') + var_back = loadmat(bio) + assert_equal(var_back['second_cat'], var['second_cat']) + + +def test_logical_sparse(): + # Test we can read logical sparse stored in mat file as bytes. + # See https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/3539. + # In some files saved by MATLAB, the sparse data elements (Real Part + # Subelement in MATLAB speak) are stored with apparent type double + # (miDOUBLE) but are in fact single bytes. + filename = pjoin(test_data_path,'logical_sparse.mat') + # Before fix, this would crash with: + # ValueError: indices and data should have the same size + d = loadmat(filename, struct_as_record=True, spmatrix=False) + log_sp = d['sp_log_5_4'] + assert_(issparse(log_sp) and log_sp.format == "csc") + assert_equal(log_sp.dtype.type, np.bool_) + assert_array_equal(log_sp.toarray(), + [[True, True, True, False], + [False, False, True, False], + [False, False, True, False], + [False, False, False, False], + [False, False, False, False]]) + + +def test_empty_sparse(): + # Can we read empty sparse matrices? + sio = BytesIO() + import scipy.sparse + empty_sparse = scipy.sparse.csr_array([[0,0],[0,0]]) + savemat(sio, dict(x=empty_sparse)) + sio.seek(0) + + res = loadmat(sio, spmatrix=False) + assert not scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(res['x']) + res = loadmat(sio, spmatrix=True) + assert scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(res['x']) + res = loadmat(sio) # chk default + assert scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(res['x']) + + assert_array_equal(res['x'].shape, empty_sparse.shape) + assert_array_equal(res['x'].toarray(), 0) + # Do empty sparse matrices get written with max nnz 1? + # See https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4208 + sio.seek(0) + reader = MatFile5Reader(sio) + reader.initialize_read() + reader.read_file_header() + hdr, _ = reader.read_var_header() + assert_equal(hdr.nzmax, 1) + + +def test_empty_mat_error(): + # Test we get a specific warning for an empty mat file + sio = BytesIO() + assert_raises(MatReadError, loadmat, sio) + + +def test_miuint32_compromise(): + # Reader should accept miUINT32 for miINT32, but check signs + # mat file with miUINT32 for miINT32, but OK values + filename = pjoin(test_data_path, 'miuint32_for_miint32.mat') + res = loadmat(filename) + assert_equal(res['an_array'], np.arange(10)[None, :]) + # mat file with miUINT32 for miINT32, with negative value + filename = pjoin(test_data_path, 'bad_miuint32.mat') + with assert_raises(ValueError): + loadmat(filename) + + +def test_miutf8_for_miint8_compromise(): + # Check reader accepts ascii as miUTF8 for array names + filename = pjoin(test_data_path, 'miutf8_array_name.mat') + res = loadmat(filename) + assert_equal(res['array_name'], [[1]]) + # mat file with non-ascii utf8 name raises error + filename = pjoin(test_data_path, 'bad_miutf8_array_name.mat') + with assert_raises(ValueError): + loadmat(filename) + + +def test_bad_utf8(): + # Check that reader reads bad UTF with 'replace' option + filename = pjoin(test_data_path,'broken_utf8.mat') + res = loadmat(filename) + assert_equal(res['bad_string'], + b'\x80 am broken'.decode('utf8', 'replace')) + + +def test_save_unicode_field(tmpdir): + filename = os.path.join(str(tmpdir), 'test.mat') + test_dict = {'a':{'b':1,'c':'test_str'}} + savemat(filename, test_dict) + + +def test_save_custom_array_type(tmpdir): + class CustomArray: + def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None): + return np.arange(6.0).reshape(2, 3) + a = CustomArray() + filename = os.path.join(str(tmpdir), 'test.mat') + savemat(filename, {'a': a}) + out = loadmat(filename) + assert_array_equal(out['a'], np.array(a)) + + +def test_filenotfound(): + # Check the correct error is thrown + assert_raises(OSError, loadmat, "NotExistentFile00.mat") + assert_raises(OSError, loadmat, "NotExistentFile00") + + +def test_simplify_cells(): + # Test output when simplify_cells=True + filename = pjoin(test_data_path, 'testsimplecell.mat') + res1 = loadmat(filename, simplify_cells=True) + res2 = loadmat(filename, simplify_cells=False) + assert_(isinstance(res1["s"], dict)) + assert_(isinstance(res2["s"], np.ndarray)) + assert_array_equal(res1["s"]["mycell"], np.array(["a", "b", "c"])) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('version, filt, regex', [ + (0, '_4*_*', None), + (1, '_5*_*', None), + (1, '_6*_*', None), + (1, '_7*_*', '^((?!hdf5).)*$'), # not containing hdf5 + (2, '_7*_*', '.*hdf5.*'), + (1, '8*_*', None), +]) +def test_matfile_version(version, filt, regex): + use_filt = pjoin(test_data_path, f'test*{filt}.mat') + files = glob(use_filt) + if regex is not None: + files = [file for file in files if re.match(regex, file) is not None] + assert len(files) > 0, \ + f"No files for version {version} using filter {filt}" + for file in files: + got_version = matfile_version(file) + assert got_version[0] == version + + +def test_opaque(): + """Test that we can read a MatlabOpaque object.""" + data = loadmat(pjoin(test_data_path, 'parabola.mat')) + assert isinstance(data['parabola'], MatlabFunction) + assert isinstance(data['parabola'].item()[3].item()[3], MatlabOpaque) + + +def test_opaque_simplify(): + """Test that we can read a MatlabOpaque object when simplify_cells=True.""" + data = loadmat(pjoin(test_data_path, 'parabola.mat'), simplify_cells=True) + assert isinstance(data['parabola'], MatlabFunction) + + +def test_deprecation(): + """Test that access to previous attributes still works.""" + # This should be accessible immediately from scipy.io import + with assert_warns(DeprecationWarning): + scipy.io.matlab.mio5_params.MatlabOpaque + + # These should be importable but warn as well + with assert_warns(DeprecationWarning): + from scipy.io.matlab.miobase import MatReadError # noqa: F401 + + +def test_gh_17992(tmp_path): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + outfile = tmp_path / "lists.mat" + array_one = rng.random((5,3)) + array_two = rng.random((6,3)) + list_of_arrays = [array_one, array_two] + savemat(outfile, + {'data': list_of_arrays}, + long_field_names=True, + do_compression=True) + # round trip check + new_dict = {} + loadmat(outfile, + new_dict) + assert_allclose(new_dict["data"][0][0], array_one) + assert_allclose(new_dict["data"][0][1], array_two) + + +def test_gh_19659(tmp_path): + d = { + "char_array": np.array([list("char"), list("char")], dtype="U1"), + "string_array": np.array(["string", "string"]), + } + outfile = tmp_path / "tmp.mat" + # should not error: + savemat(outfile, d, format="4") + + +def test_large_m4(): + # Test we can read a Matlab 4 file with array > 2GB. + # (In fact, test we get the correct error from reading a truncated + # version). + # See https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/21256 + # Data file is first 1024 bytes of: + # >>> a = np.zeros((134217728, 3)) + # >>> siom.savemat('big_m4.mat', {'a': a}, format='4') + truncated_mat = pjoin(test_data_path, 'debigged_m4.mat') + match = ("Not enough bytes to read matrix 'a';" + if np.intp == np.int64 else + "Variable 'a' has byte length longer than largest possible") + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=match): + loadmat(truncated_mat) + + +def test_gh_19223(): + from scipy.io.matlab import varmats_from_mat # noqa: F401 + + +def test_invalid_field_name_warning(): + names_vars = ( + ('_1', mlarr(np.arange(10))), + ('mystr', mlarr('a string'))) + check_mat_write_warning(names_vars) + + names_vars = (('mymap', {"a": 1, "_b": 2}),) + check_mat_write_warning(names_vars) + + names_vars = (('mymap', {"a": 1, "1a": 2}),) + check_mat_write_warning(names_vars) + + +def check_mat_write_warning(names_vars): + class C: + def items(self): + return names_vars + + stream = BytesIO() + with pytest.warns(MatWriteWarning, match='Starting field name with'): + savemat(stream, C()) + + +def test_corrupt_files(): + # Test we can detect truncated or corrupt (all zero) files. + for n in (2, 4, 10, 19): + with pytest.raises(MatReadError, + match="Mat file appears to be truncated"): + loadmat(BytesIO(b'\x00' * n)) + with pytest.raises(MatReadError, + match="Mat file appears to be corrupt"): + loadmat(BytesIO(b'\x00' * 20)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio5_utils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio5_utils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b3f27114c4a4ed10c1a2526058f4d0dbbd0e5638 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio5_utils.py @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ +""" Testing mio5_utils Cython module + +""" +import sys + +from io import BytesIO + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_array_equal, assert_equal, assert_ +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +import scipy.io.matlab._byteordercodes as boc +import scipy.io.matlab._streams as streams +import scipy.io.matlab._mio5_params as mio5p +import scipy.io.matlab._mio5_utils as m5u + + +def test_byteswap(): + for val in ( + 1, + 0x100, + 0x10000): + a = np.array(val, dtype=np.uint32) + b = a.byteswap() + c = m5u.byteswap_u4(a) + assert_equal(b.item(), c) + d = m5u.byteswap_u4(c) + assert_equal(a.item(), d) + + +def _make_tag(base_dt, val, mdtype, sde=False): + ''' Makes a simple matlab tag, full or sde ''' + base_dt = np.dtype(base_dt) + bo = boc.to_numpy_code(base_dt.byteorder) + byte_count = base_dt.itemsize + if not sde: + udt = bo + 'u4' + padding = 8 - (byte_count % 8) + all_dt = [('mdtype', udt), + ('byte_count', udt), + ('val', base_dt)] + if padding: + all_dt.append(('padding', 'u1', padding)) + else: # is sde + udt = bo + 'u2' + padding = 4-byte_count + if bo == '<': # little endian + all_dt = [('mdtype', udt), + ('byte_count', udt), + ('val', base_dt)] + else: # big endian + all_dt = [('byte_count', udt), + ('mdtype', udt), + ('val', base_dt)] + if padding: + all_dt.append(('padding', 'u1', padding)) + tag = np.zeros((1,), dtype=all_dt) + tag['mdtype'] = mdtype + tag['byte_count'] = byte_count + tag['val'] = val + return tag + + +def _write_stream(stream, *strings): + stream.truncate(0) + stream.seek(0) + for s in strings: + stream.write(s) + stream.seek(0) + + +def _make_readerlike(stream, byte_order=boc.native_code): + class R: + pass + r = R() + r.mat_stream = stream + r.byte_order = byte_order + r.struct_as_record = True + r.uint16_codec = sys.getdefaultencoding() + r.chars_as_strings = False + r.mat_dtype = False + r.squeeze_me = False + return r + + +def test_read_tag(): + # mainly to test errors + # make reader-like thing + str_io = BytesIO() + r = _make_readerlike(str_io) + c_reader = m5u.VarReader5(r) + # This works for StringIO but _not_ BytesIO + assert_raises(OSError, c_reader.read_tag) + # bad SDE + tag = _make_tag('i4', 1, mio5p.miINT32, sde=True) + tag['byte_count'] = 5 + _write_stream(str_io, tag.tobytes()) + assert_raises(ValueError, c_reader.read_tag) + + +def test_read_stream(): + tag = _make_tag('i4', 1, mio5p.miINT32, sde=True) + tag_str = tag.tobytes() + str_io = BytesIO(tag_str) + st = streams.make_stream(str_io) + s = streams._read_into(st, tag.itemsize) + assert_equal(s, tag.tobytes()) + + +def test_read_numeric(): + # make reader-like thing + str_io = BytesIO() + r = _make_readerlike(str_io) + # check simplest of tags + for base_dt, val, mdtype in (('u2', 30, mio5p.miUINT16), + ('i4', 1, mio5p.miINT32), + ('i2', -1, mio5p.miINT16)): + for byte_code in ('<', '>'): + r.byte_order = byte_code + c_reader = m5u.VarReader5(r) + assert_equal(c_reader.little_endian, byte_code == '<') + assert_equal(c_reader.is_swapped, byte_code != boc.native_code) + for sde_f in (False, True): + dt = np.dtype(base_dt).newbyteorder(byte_code) + a = _make_tag(dt, val, mdtype, sde_f) + a_str = a.tobytes() + _write_stream(str_io, a_str) + el = c_reader.read_numeric() + assert_equal(el, val) + # two sequential reads + _write_stream(str_io, a_str, a_str) + el = c_reader.read_numeric() + assert_equal(el, val) + el = c_reader.read_numeric() + assert_equal(el, val) + + +def test_read_numeric_writeable(): + # make reader-like thing + str_io = BytesIO() + r = _make_readerlike(str_io, '<') + c_reader = m5u.VarReader5(r) + dt = np.dtype('' + rdr.mat_stream.read(4) # presumably byte padding + mdict = read_minimat_vars(rdr) + fp.close() + return mdict + + +def test_jottings(): + # example + fname = os.path.join(test_data_path, 'parabola.mat') + read_workspace_vars(fname) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio_utils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio_utils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1d19a9797faa2221307a7330b69fffa26410f624 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_mio_utils.py @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +""" Testing + +""" + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_array_equal, assert_ + +from scipy.io.matlab._mio_utils import squeeze_element, chars_to_strings + + +def test_squeeze_element(): + a = np.zeros((1,3)) + assert_array_equal(np.squeeze(a), squeeze_element(a)) + # 0-D output from squeeze gives scalar + sq_int = squeeze_element(np.zeros((1,1), dtype=float)) + assert_(isinstance(sq_int, float)) + # Unless it's a structured array + sq_sa = squeeze_element(np.zeros((1,1),dtype=[('f1', 'f')])) + assert_(isinstance(sq_sa, np.ndarray)) + # Squeezing empty arrays maintain their dtypes. + sq_empty = squeeze_element(np.empty(0, np.uint8)) + assert sq_empty.dtype == np.uint8 + + +def test_chars_strings(): + # chars as strings + strings = ['learn ', 'python', 'fast ', 'here '] + str_arr = np.array(strings, dtype='U6') # shape (4,) + chars = [list(s) for s in strings] + char_arr = np.array(chars, dtype='U1') # shape (4,6) + assert_array_equal(chars_to_strings(char_arr), str_arr) + ca2d = char_arr.reshape((2,2,6)) + sa2d = str_arr.reshape((2,2)) + assert_array_equal(chars_to_strings(ca2d), sa2d) + ca3d = char_arr.reshape((1,2,2,6)) + sa3d = str_arr.reshape((1,2,2)) + assert_array_equal(chars_to_strings(ca3d), sa3d) + # Fortran ordered arrays + char_arrf = np.array(chars, dtype='U1', order='F') # shape (4,6) + assert_array_equal(chars_to_strings(char_arrf), str_arr) + # empty array + arr = np.array([['']], dtype='U1') + out_arr = np.array([''], dtype='U1') + assert_array_equal(chars_to_strings(arr), out_arr) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_miobase.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_miobase.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d8c8eb2a56aaa1d1de77bfb90c859ed0af0b7bc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_miobase.py @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +""" Testing miobase module +""" + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_equal +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.io.matlab._miobase import matdims + + +def test_matdims(): + # Test matdims dimension finder + assert_equal(matdims(np.array(1)), (1, 1)) # NumPy scalar + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([1])), (1, 1)) # 1-D array, 1 element + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([1,2])), (2, 1)) # 1-D array, 2 elements + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([[2],[3]])), (2, 1)) # 2-D array, column vector + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([[2,3]])), (1, 2)) # 2-D array, row vector + # 3d array, rowish vector + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([[[2,3]]])), (1, 1, 2)) + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([])), (0, 0)) # empty 1-D array + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([[]])), (1, 0)) # empty 2-D array + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([[[]]])), (1, 1, 0)) # empty 3-D array + assert_equal(matdims(np.empty((1, 0, 1))), (1, 0, 1)) # empty 3-D array + # Optional argument flips 1-D shape behavior. + assert_equal(matdims(np.array([1,2]), 'row'), (1, 2)) # 1-D array, 2 elements + # The argument has to make sense though + assert_raises(ValueError, matdims, np.array([1,2]), 'bizarre') + # Check empty sparse matrices get their own shape + from scipy.sparse import csr_array, csc_array + assert_equal(matdims(csr_array(np.zeros((3, 3)))), (3, 3)) + assert_equal(matdims(csc_array(np.zeros((2, 2)))), (2, 2)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_pathological.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_pathological.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c5c86decb7e90f69f293e90eba74fb47dd4f1277 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_pathological.py @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +""" Test reading of files not conforming to matlab specification + +We try and read any file that matlab reads, these files included +""" +from os.path import dirname, join as pjoin + +from numpy.testing import assert_ +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.io.matlab._mio import loadmat + +TEST_DATA_PATH = pjoin(dirname(__file__), 'data') + + +def test_multiple_fieldnames(): + # Example provided by Dharhas Pothina + # Extracted using mio5.varmats_from_mat + multi_fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'nasty_duplicate_fieldnames.mat') + vars = loadmat(multi_fname) + funny_names = vars['Summary'].dtype.names + assert_({'_1_Station_Q', '_2_Station_Q', + '_3_Station_Q'}.issubset(funny_names)) + + +def test_malformed1(): + # Example from gh-6072 + # Contains malformed header data, which previously resulted into a + # buffer overflow. + # + # Should raise an exception, not segfault + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'malformed1.mat') + with open(fname, 'rb') as f: + assert_raises(ValueError, loadmat, f) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_streams.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_streams.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5449a7d7070e6e4f1655e1071a9098259e4f47cd --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/matlab/tests/test_streams.py @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ +""" Testing + +""" + +import platform +import os +import random +import sys +import zlib + +from io import BytesIO + + +from tempfile import mkstemp +from contextlib import contextmanager + +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_, assert_equal +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +import pytest + +from scipy.io.matlab._streams import (make_stream, + GenericStream, ZlibInputStream, + _read_into, _read_string, BLOCK_SIZE) + + +@contextmanager +def setup_test_file(): + val = b'a\x00string' + fd, fname = mkstemp() + + with os.fdopen(fd, 'wb') as fs: + fs.write(val) + with open(fname, 'rb') as fs: + gs = BytesIO(val) + cs = BytesIO(val) + yield fs, gs, cs + os.unlink(fname) + + +def test_make_stream(): + with setup_test_file() as (fs, gs, cs): + # test stream initialization + assert_(isinstance(make_stream(gs), GenericStream)) + + +def test_tell_seek(): + with setup_test_file() as (fs, gs, cs): + for s in (fs, gs, cs): + st = make_stream(s) + res = st.seek(0) + assert_equal(res, 0) + assert_equal(st.tell(), 0) + res = st.seek(5) + assert_equal(res, 0) + assert_equal(st.tell(), 5) + res = st.seek(2, 1) + assert_equal(res, 0) + assert_equal(st.tell(), 7) + res = st.seek(-2, 2) + assert_equal(res, 0) + assert_equal(st.tell(), 6) + + +def test_read(): + with setup_test_file() as (fs, gs, cs): + for s in (fs, gs, cs): + st = make_stream(s) + st.seek(0) + res = st.read(-1) + assert_equal(res, b'a\x00string') + st.seek(0) + res = st.read(4) + assert_equal(res, b'a\x00st') + # read into + st.seek(0) + res = _read_into(st, 4) + assert_equal(res, b'a\x00st') + res = _read_into(st, 4) + assert_equal(res, b'ring') + assert_raises(OSError, _read_into, st, 2) + # read alloc + st.seek(0) + res = _read_string(st, 4) + assert_equal(res, b'a\x00st') + res = _read_string(st, 4) + assert_equal(res, b'ring') + assert_raises(OSError, _read_string, st, 2) + + +class TestZlibInputStream: + def _get_data(self, size): + data = random.randbytes(size) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data) + stream = BytesIO(compressed_data) + return stream, len(compressed_data), data + + def test_read(self): + SIZES = [0, 1, 10, BLOCK_SIZE//2, BLOCK_SIZE-1, + BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE+1, 2*BLOCK_SIZE-1] + + READ_SIZES = [BLOCK_SIZE//2, BLOCK_SIZE-1, + BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE+1] + + def check(size, read_size): + compressed_stream, compressed_data_len, data = self._get_data(size) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, compressed_data_len) + data2 = b'' + so_far = 0 + while True: + block = stream.read(min(read_size, + size - so_far)) + if not block: + break + so_far += len(block) + data2 += block + assert_equal(data, data2) + + for size in SIZES: + for read_size in READ_SIZES: + check(size, read_size) + + def test_read_max_length(self): + data = random.randbytes(1234) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data) + compressed_stream = BytesIO(compressed_data + b"abbacaca") + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, len(compressed_data)) + + stream.read(len(data)) + assert_equal(compressed_stream.tell(), len(compressed_data)) + + assert_raises(OSError, stream.read, 1) + + def test_read_bad_checksum(self): + data = random.randbytes(10) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data) + + # break checksum + compressed_data = (compressed_data[:-1] + + bytes([(compressed_data[-1] + 1) & 255])) + + compressed_stream = BytesIO(compressed_data) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, len(compressed_data)) + + assert_raises(zlib.error, stream.read, len(data)) + + def test_seek(self): + compressed_stream, compressed_data_len, data = self._get_data(1024) + + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, compressed_data_len) + + stream.seek(123) + p = 123 + assert_equal(stream.tell(), p) + d1 = stream.read(11) + assert_equal(d1, data[p:p+11]) + + stream.seek(321, 1) + p = 123+11+321 + assert_equal(stream.tell(), p) + d2 = stream.read(21) + assert_equal(d2, data[p:p+21]) + + stream.seek(641, 0) + p = 641 + assert_equal(stream.tell(), p) + d3 = stream.read(11) + assert_equal(d3, data[p:p+11]) + + assert_raises(OSError, stream.seek, 10, 2) + assert_raises(OSError, stream.seek, -1, 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, stream.seek, 1, 123) + + stream.seek(10000, 1) + assert_raises(OSError, stream.read, 12) + + def test_seek_bad_checksum(self): + data = random.randbytes(10) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data) + + # break checksum + compressed_data = (compressed_data[:-1] + + bytes([(compressed_data[-1] + 1) & 255])) + + compressed_stream = BytesIO(compressed_data) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, len(compressed_data)) + + assert_raises(zlib.error, stream.seek, len(data)) + + def test_all_data_read(self): + compressed_stream, compressed_data_len, data = self._get_data(1024) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, compressed_data_len) + assert_(not stream.all_data_read()) + stream.seek(512) + assert_(not stream.all_data_read()) + stream.seek(1024) + assert_(stream.all_data_read()) + + @pytest.mark.skipif( + (platform.system() == 'Windows' and sys.version_info >= (3, 14)), + reason='gh-23185') + def test_all_data_read_overlap(self): + COMPRESSION_LEVEL = 6 + + data = np.arange(33707000, dtype=np.uint8) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data, COMPRESSION_LEVEL) + compressed_data_len = len(compressed_data) + + # check that part of the checksum overlaps + assert_(compressed_data_len == BLOCK_SIZE + 2) + + compressed_stream = BytesIO(compressed_data) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, compressed_data_len) + assert_(not stream.all_data_read()) + stream.seek(len(data)) + assert_(stream.all_data_read()) + + @pytest.mark.skipif( + (platform.system() == 'Windows' and sys.version_info >= (3, 14)), + reason='gh-23185') + def test_all_data_read_bad_checksum(self): + COMPRESSION_LEVEL = 6 + + data = np.arange(33707000, dtype=np.uint8) + compressed_data = zlib.compress(data, COMPRESSION_LEVEL) + compressed_data_len = len(compressed_data) + + # check that part of the checksum overlaps + assert_(compressed_data_len == BLOCK_SIZE + 2) + + # break checksum + compressed_data = (compressed_data[:-1] + + bytes([(compressed_data[-1] + 1) & 255])) + + compressed_stream = BytesIO(compressed_data) + stream = ZlibInputStream(compressed_stream, compressed_data_len) + assert_(not stream.all_data_read()) + stream.seek(len(data)) + + assert_raises(zlib.error, stream.all_data_read) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/mmio.py 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a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_fortran.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_fortran.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d370b3098d0465f8d133da58c6aebbfec85d294b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_fortran.py @@ -0,0 +1,344 @@ +''' Tests for fortran sequential files ''' + +import tempfile +import shutil +import os +from os import path +from glob import iglob +import threading +import re + +from numpy.testing import assert_equal, assert_allclose +import numpy as np +import pytest + +from scipy.io import (FortranFile, + FortranEOFError, + FortranFormattingError) + + +DATA_PATH = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'data') + + +@pytest.fixture +def io_lock(): + return threading.Lock() + + +def test_fortranfiles_read(io_lock): + for filename in iglob(path.join(DATA_PATH, "fortran-*-*x*x*.dat")): + m = re.search(r'fortran-([^-]+)-(\d+)x(\d+)x(\d+).dat', filename, re.I) + if not m: + raise RuntimeError(f"Couldn't match {filename} filename to regex") + + dims = (int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3)), int(m.group(4))) + + dtype = m.group(1).replace('s', '<') + + with io_lock: + f = FortranFile(filename, 'r', ' 0] = 1 + info = (2, 2, 3, 'coordinate', 'pattern', 'general') + mmwrite(self.fn, a, field='pattern') + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), info) + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(p, b.toarray()) + assert not scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(b) + + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=True) + assert scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(b) + b = mmread(self.fn) # chk default + assert scipy.sparse.isspmatrix(b) + + def test_gh13634_non_skew_symmetric_int(self): + a = scipy.sparse.csr_array([[1, 2], [-2, 99]], dtype=np.int32) + self.check_exact(a, (2, 2, 4, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'general')) + + def test_gh13634_non_skew_symmetric_float(self): + a = scipy.sparse.csr_array([[1, 2], [-2, 99.]], dtype=np.float32) + self.check(a, (2, 2, 4, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general')) + + +_32bit_integer_dense_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix array integer general +2 2 +2147483647 +2147483646 +2147483647 +2147483646 +''' + +_32bit_integer_sparse_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate integer symmetric +2 2 2 +1 1 2147483647 +2 2 2147483646 +''' + +_64bit_integer_dense_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix array integer general +2 2 + 2147483648 +-9223372036854775806 + -2147483648 + 9223372036854775807 +''' + +_64bit_integer_sparse_general_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate integer general +2 2 3 +1 1 2147483648 +1 2 9223372036854775807 +2 2 9223372036854775807 +''' + +_64bit_integer_sparse_symmetric_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate integer symmetric +2 2 3 +1 1 2147483648 +1 2 -9223372036854775807 +2 2 9223372036854775807 +''' + +_64bit_integer_sparse_skew_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate integer skew-symmetric +2 2 3 +1 1 2147483648 +1 2 -9223372036854775807 +2 2 9223372036854775807 +''' + +_over64bit_integer_dense_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix array integer general +2 2 + 2147483648 +9223372036854775807 + 2147483648 +9223372036854775808 +''' + +_over64bit_integer_sparse_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate integer symmetric +2 2 2 +1 1 2147483648 +2 2 19223372036854775808 +''' + + +class TestMMIOReadLargeIntegers: + def setup_method(self): + self.tmpdir = mkdtemp(suffix=str(threading.get_native_id())) + self.fn = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, 'testfile.mtx') + + def teardown_method(self): + shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdir) + + def check_read(self, example, a, info, dense, over32, over64): + with open(self.fn, 'w') as f: + f.write(example) + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), info) + if ((over32 and (np.intp(0).itemsize < 8) and mmwrite == scipy.io._mmio.mmwrite) + or over64): + assert_raises(OverflowError, mmread, self.fn) + else: + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False) + if not dense: + b = b.toarray() + assert_equal(a, b) + + def test_read_32bit_integer_dense(self): + a = array([[2**31-1, 2**31-1], + [2**31-2, 2**31-2]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_32bit_integer_dense_example, + a, + (2, 2, 4, 'array', 'integer', 'general'), + dense=True, + over32=False, + over64=False) + + def test_read_32bit_integer_sparse(self): + a = array([[2**31-1, 0], + [0, 2**31-2]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_32bit_integer_sparse_example, + a, + (2, 2, 2, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'symmetric'), + dense=False, + over32=False, + over64=False) + + def test_read_64bit_integer_dense(self): + a = array([[2**31, -2**31], + [-2**63+2, 2**63-1]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_64bit_integer_dense_example, + a, + (2, 2, 4, 'array', 'integer', 'general'), + dense=True, + over32=True, + over64=False) + + def test_read_64bit_integer_sparse_general(self): + a = array([[2**31, 2**63-1], + [0, 2**63-1]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_64bit_integer_sparse_general_example, + a, + (2, 2, 3, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'general'), + dense=False, + over32=True, + over64=False) + + def test_read_64bit_integer_sparse_symmetric(self): + a = array([[2**31, -2**63+1], + [-2**63+1, 2**63-1]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_64bit_integer_sparse_symmetric_example, + a, + (2, 2, 3, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'symmetric'), + dense=False, + over32=True, + over64=False) + + def test_read_64bit_integer_sparse_skew(self): + a = array([[2**31, -2**63+1], + [2**63-1, 2**63-1]], dtype=np.int64) + self.check_read(_64bit_integer_sparse_skew_example, + a, + (2, 2, 3, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'skew-symmetric'), + dense=False, + over32=True, + over64=False) + + def test_read_over64bit_integer_dense(self): + self.check_read(_over64bit_integer_dense_example, + None, + (2, 2, 4, 'array', 'integer', 'general'), + dense=True, + over32=True, + over64=True) + + def test_read_over64bit_integer_sparse(self): + self.check_read(_over64bit_integer_sparse_example, + None, + (2, 2, 2, 'coordinate', 'integer', 'symmetric'), + dense=False, + over32=True, + over64=True) + + +_general_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general +%================================================================================= +% +% This ASCII file represents a sparse MxN matrix with L +% nonzeros in the following Matrix Market format: +% +% +----------------------------------------------+ +% |%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general | <--- header line +% |% | <--+ +% |% comments | |-- 0 or more comment lines +% |% | <--+ +% | M N L | <--- rows, columns, entries +% | I1 J1 A(I1, J1) | <--+ +% | I2 J2 A(I2, J2) | | +% | I3 J3 A(I3, J3) | |-- L lines +% | . . . | | +% | IL JL A(IL, JL) | <--+ +% +----------------------------------------------+ +% +% Indices are 1-based, i.e. A(1,1) is the first element. +% +%================================================================================= + 5 5 8 + 1 1 1.000e+00 + 2 2 1.050e+01 + 3 3 1.500e-02 + 1 4 6.000e+00 + 4 2 2.505e+02 + 4 4 -2.800e+02 + 4 5 3.332e+01 + 5 5 1.200e+01 +''' + +_hermitian_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate complex hermitian + 5 5 7 + 1 1 1.0 0 + 2 2 10.5 0 + 4 2 250.5 22.22 + 3 3 1.5e-2 0 + 4 4 -2.8e2 0 + 5 5 12. 0 + 5 4 0 33.32 +''' + +_skew_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real skew-symmetric + 5 5 7 + 1 1 1.0 + 2 2 10.5 + 4 2 250.5 + 3 3 1.5e-2 + 4 4 -2.8e2 + 5 5 12. + 5 4 0 +''' + +_symmetric_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real symmetric + 5 5 7 + 1 1 1.0 + 2 2 10.5 + 4 2 250.5 + 3 3 1.5e-2 + 4 4 -2.8e2 + 5 5 12. + 5 4 8 +''' + +_symmetric_pattern_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate pattern symmetric + 5 5 7 + 1 1 + 2 2 + 4 2 + 3 3 + 4 4 + 5 5 + 5 4 +''' + +# example (without comment lines) from Figure 1 in +# https://math.nist.gov/MatrixMarket/reports/MMformat.ps +_empty_lines_example = '''\ +%%MatrixMarket MATRIX Coordinate Real General + + 5 5 8 + +1 1 1.0 +2 2 10.5 +3 3 1.5e-2 +4 4 -2.8E2 +5 5 12. + 1 4 6 + 4 2 250.5 + 4 5 33.32 + +''' + + +class TestMMIOCoordinate: + def setup_method(self): + self.tmpdir = mkdtemp(suffix=str(threading.get_native_id())) + self.fn = os.path.join(self.tmpdir, 'testfile.mtx') + + def teardown_method(self): + shutil.rmtree(self.tmpdir) + + def check_read(self, example, a, info): + f = open(self.fn, 'w') + f.write(example) + f.close() + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), info) + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b) + + def test_read_general(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 6, 0], + [0, 10.5, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, .015, 0, 0], + [0, 250.5, 0, -280, 33.32], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 12]] + self.check_read(_general_example, a, + (5, 5, 8, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general')) + + def test_read_hermitian(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 10.5, 0, 250.5 - 22.22j, 0], + [0, 0, .015, 0, 0], + [0, 250.5 + 22.22j, 0, -280, -33.32j], + [0, 0, 0, 33.32j, 12]] + self.check_read(_hermitian_example, a, + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'complex', 'hermitian')) + + def test_read_skew(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 10.5, 0, -250.5, 0], + [0, 0, .015, 0, 0], + [0, 250.5, 0, -280, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 12]] + self.check_read(_skew_example, a, + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'real', 'skew-symmetric')) + + def test_read_symmetric(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 10.5, 0, 250.5, 0], + [0, 0, .015, 0, 0], + [0, 250.5, 0, -280, 8], + [0, 0, 0, 8, 12]] + self.check_read(_symmetric_example, a, + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'real', 'symmetric')) + + def test_read_symmetric_pattern(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 1, 1]] + self.check_read(_symmetric_pattern_example, a, + (5, 5, 7, 'coordinate', 'pattern', 'symmetric')) + + def test_read_empty_lines(self): + a = [[1, 0, 0, 6, 0], + [0, 10.5, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, .015, 0, 0], + [0, 250.5, 0, -280, 33.32], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 12]] + self.check_read(_empty_lines_example, a, + (5, 5, 8, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general')) + + def test_empty_write_read(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/1410 (Trac #883) + + b = scipy.sparse.coo_array((10, 10)) + mmwrite(self.fn, b) + + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), + (10, 10, 0, 'coordinate', 'real', 'symmetric')) + a = b.toarray() + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b) + + def test_bzip2_py3(self): + # test if fix for #2152 works + try: + # bz2 module isn't always built when building Python. + import bz2 + except ImportError: + return + I = array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]) + J = array([0, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 4]) + V = array([1.0, 6.0, 10.5, 0.015, 250.5, -280.0, 33.32, 12.0]) + + b = scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5)) + + mmwrite(self.fn, b) + + fn_bzip2 = f"{self.fn}.bz2" + with open(self.fn, 'rb') as f_in: + f_out = bz2.BZ2File(fn_bzip2, 'wb') + f_out.write(f_in.read()) + f_out.close() + + a = mmread(fn_bzip2, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b.toarray()) + + def test_gzip_py3(self): + # test if fix for #2152 works + try: + # gzip module can be missing from Python installation + import gzip + except ImportError: + return + I = array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]) + J = array([0, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 4]) + V = array([1.0, 6.0, 10.5, 0.015, 250.5, -280.0, 33.32, 12.0]) + + b = scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5)) + + mmwrite(self.fn, b) + + fn_gzip = f"{self.fn}.gz" + with open(self.fn, 'rb') as f_in: + f_out = gzip.open(fn_gzip, 'wb') + f_out.write(f_in.read()) + f_out.close() + + a = mmread(fn_gzip, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b.toarray()) + + def test_real_write_read(self): + I = array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]) + J = array([0, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 4]) + V = array([1.0, 6.0, 10.5, 0.015, 250.5, -280.0, 33.32, 12.0]) + + b = scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5)) + + mmwrite(self.fn, b) + + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), + (5, 5, 8, 'coordinate', 'real', 'general')) + a = b.toarray() + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b) + + def test_complex_write_read(self): + I = array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]) + J = array([0, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 4]) + V = array([1.0 + 3j, 6.0 + 2j, 10.50 + 0.9j, 0.015 + -4.4j, + 250.5 + 0j, -280.0 + 5j, 33.32 + 6.4j, 12.00 + 0.8j]) + + b = scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5)) + + mmwrite(self.fn, b) + + assert_equal(mminfo(self.fn), + (5, 5, 8, 'coordinate', 'complex', 'general')) + a = b.toarray() + b = mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(a, b) + + def test_sparse_formats(self, tmp_path): + # Note: `tmp_path` is a pytest fixture, it handles cleanup + tmpdir = tmp_path / 'sparse_formats' + tmpdir.mkdir() + + mats = [] + I = array([0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4]) + J = array([0, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 4, 4]) + + V = array([1.0, 6.0, 10.5, 0.015, 250.5, -280.0, 33.32, 12.0]) + mats.append(scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5))) + + V = array([1.0 + 3j, 6.0 + 2j, 10.50 + 0.9j, 0.015 + -4.4j, + 250.5 + 0j, -280.0 + 5j, 33.32 + 6.4j, 12.00 + 0.8j]) + mats.append(scipy.sparse.coo_array((V, (I, J)), shape=(5, 5))) + + for mat in mats: + expected = mat.toarray() + for fmt in ['csr', 'csc', 'coo']: + fname = tmpdir / (fmt + '.mtx') + mmwrite(fname, mat.asformat(fmt)) + result = mmread(fname, spmatrix=False).toarray() + assert_array_almost_equal(result, expected) + + def test_precision(self): + test_values = [pi] + [10**(i) for i in range(0, -10, -1)] + test_precisions = range(1, 10) + for value in test_values: + for precision in test_precisions: + # construct sparse matrix with test value at last main diagonal + n = 10**precision + 1 + A = scipy.sparse.dok_array((n, n)) + A[n-1, n-1] = value + # write matrix with test precision and read again + mmwrite(self.fn, A, precision=precision) + A = scipy.io.mmread(self.fn, spmatrix=False) + # check for right entries in matrix + assert_array_equal(A.row, [n-1]) + assert_array_equal(A.col, [n-1]) + assert_allclose(A.data, [float(f'{value:.{precision}g}')]) + + def test_bad_number_of_coordinate_header_fields(self): + s = """\ + %%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general + 5 5 8 999 + 1 1 1.000e+00 + 2 2 1.050e+01 + 3 3 1.500e-02 + 1 4 6.000e+00 + 4 2 2.505e+02 + 4 4 -2.800e+02 + 4 5 3.332e+01 + 5 5 1.200e+01 + """ + text = textwrap.dedent(s).encode('ascii') + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='not of length 3'): + scipy.io.mmread(io.BytesIO(text)) + + +def test_gh11389(): + mmread(io.StringIO("%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate complex symmetric\n" + " 1 1 1\n" + "1 1 -2.1846000000000e+02 0.0000000000000e+00"), + spmatrix=False) + + +def test_gh18123(tmp_path): + lines = [" %%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate real general\n", + "5 5 3\n", + "2 3 1.0\n", + "3 4 2.0\n", + "3 5 3.0\n"] + test_file = tmp_path / "test.mtx" + with open(test_file, "w") as f: + f.writelines(lines) + mmread(test_file, spmatrix=False) + +def test_mtx_append(tmp_path): + a = mmread(io.StringIO("%%MatrixMarket matrix coordinate complex symmetric\n" + " 1 1 1\n" + "1 1 -2.1846000000000e+02 0.0000000000000e+00"), + spmatrix=False) + test_writefile = tmp_path / "test_mtx" + test_readfile = tmp_path / "test_mtx.mtx" + mmwrite(test_writefile, a) + mmread(test_readfile, spmatrix=False) + + +def test_threadpoolctl(): + try: + import threadpoolctl + if not hasattr(threadpoolctl, "register"): + pytest.skip("threadpoolctl too old") + return + except ImportError: + pytest.skip("no threadpoolctl") + return + + with threadpoolctl.threadpool_limits(limits=4): + assert_equal(fmm.PARALLELISM, 4) + + with threadpoolctl.threadpool_limits(limits=2, user_api='scipy'): + assert_equal(fmm.PARALLELISM, 2) + + +def test_gh21999_file_not_exist(): + tmpdir = mkdtemp(suffix=str(threading.get_native_id())) + wrong_fn = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'not_exist_test_file.mtx') + assert_raises(FileNotFoundError, mmread, wrong_fn) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_netcdf.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_netcdf.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cf0ba2ca6667399c25d16ca3632494cfeee52352 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_netcdf.py @@ -0,0 +1,553 @@ +''' Tests for netcdf ''' +import os +from os.path import join as pjoin, dirname +import shutil +import tempfile +import warnings +from io import BytesIO +from glob import glob +from contextlib import contextmanager + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_allclose, assert_equal, + break_cycles, IS_PYPY) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.io import netcdf_file +from scipy._lib._tmpdirs import in_tempdir + +TEST_DATA_PATH = pjoin(dirname(__file__), 'data') + +N_EG_ELS = 11 # number of elements for example variable +VARTYPE_EG = 'b' # var type for example variable + + +pytestmark = pytest.mark.thread_unsafe + + +@contextmanager +def make_simple(*args, **kwargs): + f = netcdf_file(*args, **kwargs) + f.history = 'Created for a test' + f.createDimension('time', N_EG_ELS) + time = f.createVariable('time', VARTYPE_EG, ('time',)) + time[:] = np.arange(N_EG_ELS) + time.units = 'days since 2008-01-01' + f.flush() + yield f + f.close() + + +def check_simple(ncfileobj): + '''Example fileobj tests ''' + assert_equal(ncfileobj.history, b'Created for a test') + time = ncfileobj.variables['time'] + assert_equal(time.units, b'days since 2008-01-01') + assert_equal(time.shape, (N_EG_ELS,)) + assert_equal(time[-1], N_EG_ELS-1) + +def assert_mask_matches(arr, expected_mask): + ''' + Asserts that the mask of arr is effectively the same as expected_mask. + + In contrast to numpy.ma.testutils.assert_mask_equal, this function allows + testing the 'mask' of a standard numpy array (the mask in this case is treated + as all False). + + Parameters + ---------- + arr : ndarray or MaskedArray + Array to test. + expected_mask : array_like of booleans + A list giving the expected mask. + ''' + + mask = np.ma.getmaskarray(arr) + assert_equal(mask, expected_mask) + + +def test_read_write_files(): + # test round trip for example file + cwd = os.getcwd() + try: + tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp() + os.chdir(tmpdir) + with make_simple('simple.nc', 'w') as f: + pass + # read the file we just created in 'a' mode + with netcdf_file('simple.nc', 'a') as f: + check_simple(f) + # add something + f._attributes['appendRan'] = 1 + + # To read the NetCDF file we just created:: + with netcdf_file('simple.nc') as f: + # Using mmap is the default (but not on pypy) + assert_equal(f.use_mmap, not IS_PYPY) + check_simple(f) + assert_equal(f._attributes['appendRan'], 1) + + # Read it in append (and check mmap is off) + with netcdf_file('simple.nc', 'a') as f: + assert_(not f.use_mmap) + check_simple(f) + assert_equal(f._attributes['appendRan'], 1) + + # Now without mmap + with netcdf_file('simple.nc', mmap=False) as f: + # Using mmap is the default + assert_(not f.use_mmap) + check_simple(f) + + # To read the NetCDF file we just created, as file object, no + # mmap. When n * n_bytes(var_type) is not divisible by 4, this + # raised an error in pupynere 1.0.12 and scipy rev 5893, because + # calculated vsize was rounding up in units of 4 - see + # https://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/netcdf/guide_toc.html + with open('simple.nc', 'rb') as fobj: + with netcdf_file(fobj) as f: + # by default, don't use mmap for file-like + assert_(not f.use_mmap) + check_simple(f) + + # Read file from fileobj, with mmap + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + if IS_PYPY: + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "Cannot close a netcdf_file opened with mmap=True.*", + RuntimeWarning + ) + with open('simple.nc', 'rb') as fobj: + with netcdf_file(fobj, mmap=True) as f: + assert_(f.use_mmap) + check_simple(f) + + # Again read it in append mode (adding another att) + with open('simple.nc', 'r+b') as fobj: + with netcdf_file(fobj, 'a') as f: + assert_(not f.use_mmap) + check_simple(f) + f.createDimension('app_dim', 1) + var = f.createVariable('app_var', 'i', ('app_dim',)) + var[:] = 42 + + # And... check that app_var made it in... + with netcdf_file('simple.nc') as f: + check_simple(f) + assert_equal(f.variables['app_var'][:], 42) + + finally: + if IS_PYPY: + # windows cannot remove a dead file held by a mmap + # that has not been collected in PyPy + break_cycles() + break_cycles() + os.chdir(cwd) + shutil.rmtree(tmpdir) + + +def test_read_write_sio(): + eg_sio1 = BytesIO() + with make_simple(eg_sio1, 'w'): + str_val = eg_sio1.getvalue() + + eg_sio2 = BytesIO(str_val) + with netcdf_file(eg_sio2) as f2: + check_simple(f2) + + # Test that error is raised if attempting mmap for sio + eg_sio3 = BytesIO(str_val) + assert_raises(ValueError, netcdf_file, eg_sio3, 'r', True) + # Test 64-bit offset write / read + eg_sio_64 = BytesIO() + with make_simple(eg_sio_64, 'w', version=2) as f_64: + str_val = eg_sio_64.getvalue() + + eg_sio_64 = BytesIO(str_val) + with netcdf_file(eg_sio_64) as f_64: + check_simple(f_64) + assert_equal(f_64.version_byte, 2) + # also when version 2 explicitly specified + eg_sio_64 = BytesIO(str_val) + with netcdf_file(eg_sio_64, version=2) as f_64: + check_simple(f_64) + assert_equal(f_64.version_byte, 2) + + +def test_bytes(): + raw_file = BytesIO() + f = netcdf_file(raw_file, mode='w') + # Dataset only has a single variable, dimension and attribute to avoid + # any ambiguity related to order. + f.a = 'b' + f.createDimension('dim', 1) + var = f.createVariable('var', np.int16, ('dim',)) + var[0] = -9999 + var.c = 'd' + f.sync() + + actual = raw_file.getvalue() + + expected = (b'CDF\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x0a' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x03' + b'dim\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x0c' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'a\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x02' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'b\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x0b' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x03' + b'var\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x0c' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'c\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x02' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x01' + b'd\x00\x00\x00' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x03' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x04' + b'\x00\x00\x00\x78' + b'\xd8\xf1\x80\x01') + + assert_equal(actual, expected) + + +def test_encoded_fill_value(): + with netcdf_file(BytesIO(), mode='w') as f: + f.createDimension('x', 1) + var = f.createVariable('var', 'S1', ('x',)) + assert_equal(var._get_encoded_fill_value(), b'\x00') + var._FillValue = b'\x01' + assert_equal(var._get_encoded_fill_value(), b'\x01') + var._FillValue = b'\x00\x00' # invalid, wrong size + assert_equal(var._get_encoded_fill_value(), b'\x00') + + +def test_read_example_data(): + # read any example data files + for fname in glob(pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, '*.nc')): + with netcdf_file(fname, 'r'): + pass + with netcdf_file(fname, 'r', mmap=False): + pass + + +def test_itemset_no_segfault_on_readonly(): + # Regression test for ticket #1202. + # Open the test file in read-only mode. + + filename = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_1.nc') + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + message = ("Cannot close a netcdf_file opened with mmap=True, when " + "netcdf_variables or arrays referring to its data still exist") + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message, RuntimeWarning) + with netcdf_file(filename, 'r', mmap=True) as f: + time_var = f.variables['time'] + + # time_var.assignValue(42) should raise a RuntimeError--not seg. fault! + assert_raises(RuntimeError, time_var.assignValue, 42) + + +def test_appending_issue_gh_8625(): + stream = BytesIO() + + with make_simple(stream, mode='w') as f: + f.createDimension('x', 2) + f.createVariable('x', float, ('x',)) + f.variables['x'][...] = 1 + f.flush() + contents = stream.getvalue() + + stream = BytesIO(contents) + with netcdf_file(stream, mode='a') as f: + f.variables['x'][...] = 2 + + +def test_write_invalid_dtype(): + dtypes = ['int64', 'uint64'] + if np.dtype('int').itemsize == 8: # 64-bit machines + dtypes.append('int') + if np.dtype('uint').itemsize == 8: # 64-bit machines + dtypes.append('uint') + + with netcdf_file(BytesIO(), 'w') as f: + f.createDimension('time', N_EG_ELS) + for dt in dtypes: + assert_raises(ValueError, f.createVariable, 'time', dt, ('time',)) + + +def test_flush_rewind(): + stream = BytesIO() + with make_simple(stream, mode='w') as f: + f.createDimension('x',4) # x is used in createVariable + v = f.createVariable('v', 'i2', ['x']) + v[:] = 1 + f.flush() + len_single = len(stream.getvalue()) + f.flush() + len_double = len(stream.getvalue()) + + assert_(len_single == len_double) + + +def test_dtype_specifiers(): + # Numpy 1.7.0-dev had a bug where 'i2' wouldn't work. + # Specifying np.int16 or similar only works from the same commit as this + # comment was made. + with make_simple(BytesIO(), mode='w') as f: + f.createDimension('x',4) + f.createVariable('v1', 'i2', ['x']) + f.createVariable('v2', np.int16, ['x']) + f.createVariable('v3', np.dtype(np.int16), ['x']) + + +def test_ticket_1720(): + io = BytesIO() + + items = [0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9] + + with netcdf_file(io, 'w') as f: + f.history = 'Created for a test' + f.createDimension('float_var', 10) + float_var = f.createVariable('float_var', 'f', ('float_var',)) + float_var[:] = items + float_var.units = 'metres' + f.flush() + contents = io.getvalue() + + io = BytesIO(contents) + with netcdf_file(io, 'r') as f: + assert_equal(f.history, b'Created for a test') + float_var = f.variables['float_var'] + assert_equal(float_var.units, b'metres') + assert_equal(float_var.shape, (10,)) + assert_allclose(float_var[:], items) + + +def test_mmaps_segfault(): + filename = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_1.nc') + + if not IS_PYPY: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("error") + with netcdf_file(filename, mmap=True) as f: + x = f.variables['lat'][:] + # should not raise warnings + del x + + def doit(): + with netcdf_file(filename, mmap=True) as f: + return f.variables['lat'][:] + + # should not crash + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + message = ("Cannot close a netcdf_file opened with mmap=True, when " + "netcdf_variables or arrays referring to its data still exist") + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message, RuntimeWarning) + x = doit() + x.sum() + + +def test_zero_dimensional_var(): + io = BytesIO() + with make_simple(io, 'w') as f: + v = f.createVariable('zerodim', 'i2', []) + # This is checking that .isrec returns a boolean - don't simplify it + # to 'assert not ...' + assert v.isrec is False, v.isrec + f.flush() + + +def test_byte_gatts(): + # Check that global "string" atts work like they did before py3k + # unicode and general bytes confusion + with in_tempdir(): + filename = 'g_byte_atts.nc' + f = netcdf_file(filename, 'w') + f._attributes['holy'] = b'grail' + f._attributes['witch'] = 'floats' + f.close() + f = netcdf_file(filename, 'r') + assert_equal(f._attributes['holy'], b'grail') + assert_equal(f._attributes['witch'], b'floats') + f.close() + + +def test_open_append(): + # open 'w' put one attr + with in_tempdir(): + filename = 'append_dat.nc' + f = netcdf_file(filename, 'w') + f._attributes['Kilroy'] = 'was here' + f.close() + + # open again in 'a', read the att and a new one + f = netcdf_file(filename, 'a') + assert_equal(f._attributes['Kilroy'], b'was here') + f._attributes['naughty'] = b'Zoot' + f.close() + + # open yet again in 'r' and check both atts + f = netcdf_file(filename, 'r') + assert_equal(f._attributes['Kilroy'], b'was here') + assert_equal(f._attributes['naughty'], b'Zoot') + f.close() + + +def test_append_recordDimension(): + dataSize = 100 + + with in_tempdir(): + # Create file with record time dimension + with netcdf_file('withRecordDimension.nc', 'w') as f: + f.createDimension('time', None) + f.createVariable('time', 'd', ('time',)) + f.createDimension('x', dataSize) + x = f.createVariable('x', 'd', ('x',)) + x[:] = np.array(range(dataSize)) + f.createDimension('y', dataSize) + y = f.createVariable('y', 'd', ('y',)) + y[:] = np.array(range(dataSize)) + f.createVariable('testData', 'i', ('time', 'x', 'y')) + f.flush() + f.close() + + for i in range(2): + # Open the file in append mode and add data + with netcdf_file('withRecordDimension.nc', 'a') as f: + f.variables['time'].data = np.append(f.variables["time"].data, i) + f.variables['testData'][i, :, :] = np.full((dataSize, dataSize), i) + f.flush() + + # Read the file and check that append worked + with netcdf_file('withRecordDimension.nc') as f: + assert_equal(f.variables['time'][-1], i) + assert_equal(f.variables['testData'][-1, :, :].copy(), + np.full((dataSize, dataSize), i)) + assert_equal(f.variables['time'].data.shape[0], i+1) + assert_equal(f.variables['testData'].data.shape[0], i+1) + + # Read the file and check that 'data' was not saved as user defined + # attribute of testData variable during append operation + with netcdf_file('withRecordDimension.nc') as f: + with assert_raises(KeyError) as ar: + f.variables['testData']._attributes['data'] + ex = ar.value + assert_equal(ex.args[0], 'data') + +def test_maskandscale(): + t = np.linspace(20, 30, 15) + t[3] = 100 + tm = np.ma.masked_greater(t, 99) + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_2.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + Temp = f.variables['Temperature'] + assert_equal(Temp.missing_value, 9999) + assert_equal(Temp.add_offset, 20) + assert_equal(Temp.scale_factor, np.float32(0.01)) + found = Temp[:].compressed() + del Temp # Remove ref to mmap, so file can be closed. + expected = np.round(tm.compressed(), 2) + assert_allclose(found, expected) + + with in_tempdir(): + newfname = 'ms.nc' + f = netcdf_file(newfname, 'w', maskandscale=True) + f.createDimension('Temperature', len(tm)) + temp = f.createVariable('Temperature', 'i', ('Temperature',)) + temp.missing_value = 9999 + temp.scale_factor = 0.01 + temp.add_offset = 20 + temp[:] = tm + f.close() + + with netcdf_file(newfname, maskandscale=True) as f: + Temp = f.variables['Temperature'] + assert_equal(Temp.missing_value, 9999) + assert_equal(Temp.add_offset, 20) + assert_equal(Temp.scale_factor, np.float32(0.01)) + expected = np.round(tm.compressed(), 2) + found = Temp[:].compressed() + del Temp + assert_allclose(found, expected) + + +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ +# Test reading with masked values (_FillValue / missing_value) +# ------------------------------------------------------------------------ + +def test_read_withValuesNearFillValue(): + # Regression test for ticket #5626 + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var1_fillval0'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, True, False]) + +def test_read_withNoFillValue(): + # For a variable with no fill value, reading data with maskandscale=True + # should return unmasked data + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var2_noFillval'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, False, False]) + assert_equal(vardata, [1,2,3]) + +def test_read_withFillValueAndMissingValue(): + # For a variable with both _FillValue and missing_value, the _FillValue + # should be used + IRRELEVANT_VALUE = 9999 + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var3_fillvalAndMissingValue'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [True, False, False]) + assert_equal(vardata, [IRRELEVANT_VALUE, 2, 3]) + +def test_read_withMissingValue(): + # For a variable with missing_value but not _FillValue, the missing_value + # should be used + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var4_missingValue'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, True, False]) + +def test_read_withFillValNaN(): + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var5_fillvalNaN'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, True, False]) + +def test_read_withChar(): + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var6_char'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, True, False]) + +def test_read_with2dVar(): + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=True) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var7_2d'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [[True, False], [False, False], [False, True]]) + +def test_read_withMaskAndScaleFalse(): + # If a variable has a _FillValue (or missing_value) attribute, but is read + # with maskandscale set to False, the result should be unmasked + fname = pjoin(TEST_DATA_PATH, 'example_3_maskedvals.nc') + # Open file with mmap=False to avoid problems with closing a mmap'ed file + # when arrays referring to its data still exist: + with netcdf_file(fname, maskandscale=False, mmap=False) as f: + vardata = f.variables['var3_fillvalAndMissingValue'][:] + assert_mask_matches(vardata, [False, False, False]) + assert_equal(vardata, [1, 2, 3]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_paths.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_paths.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1e7c4167ace335fb5fc86f6499ee54c3360ded6e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_paths.py @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ +""" +Ensure that we can use pathlib.Path objects in all relevant IO functions. +""" +from pathlib import Path + +import numpy as np + +import scipy.io +import scipy.io.wavfile +from scipy._lib._tmpdirs import tempdir +import scipy.sparse + + +class TestPaths: + data = np.arange(5).astype(np.int64) + + def test_savemat(self): + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.mat' + scipy.io.savemat(path, {'data': self.data}) + assert path.is_file() + + def test_loadmat(self): + # Save data with string path, load with pathlib.Path + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.mat' + scipy.io.savemat(str(path), {'data': self.data}) + + mat_contents = scipy.io.loadmat(path) + assert (mat_contents['data'] == self.data).all() + + def test_whosmat(self): + # Save data with string path, load with pathlib.Path + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.mat' + scipy.io.savemat(str(path), {'data': self.data}) + + contents = scipy.io.whosmat(path) + assert contents[0] == ('data', (1, 5), 'int64') + + def test_readsav(self): + path = Path(__file__).parent / 'data/scalar_string.sav' + scipy.io.readsav(path) + + def test_hb_read(self): + # Save data with string path, load with pathlib.Path + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + data = scipy.sparse.eye_array(3, format='csr') + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.hb' + scipy.io.hb_write(str(path), data) + + data_new = scipy.io.hb_read(path, spmatrix=False) + assert (data_new != data).nnz == 0 + + def test_hb_write(self): + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + data = scipy.sparse.eye_array(3, format='csr') + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.hb' + scipy.io.hb_write(path, data) + assert path.is_file() + + def test_mmio_read(self): + # Save data with string path, load with pathlib.Path + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + data = scipy.sparse.eye_array(3, format='csr') + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.mtx' + scipy.io.mmwrite(str(path), data) + + data_new = scipy.io.mmread(path, spmatrix=False) + assert (data_new != data).nnz == 0 + + def test_mmio_write(self): + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + data = scipy.sparse.eye_array(3, format='csr') + path = Path(temp_dir) / 'data.mtx' + scipy.io.mmwrite(path, data) + + def test_netcdf_file(self): + path = Path(__file__).parent / 'data/example_1.nc' + scipy.io.netcdf_file(path) + + def test_wavfile_read(self): + path = Path(__file__).parent / 'data/test-8000Hz-le-2ch-1byteu.wav' + scipy.io.wavfile.read(path) + + def test_wavfile_write(self): + # Read from str path, write to Path + input_path = Path(__file__).parent / 'data/test-8000Hz-le-2ch-1byteu.wav' + rate, data = scipy.io.wavfile.read(str(input_path)) + + with tempdir() as temp_dir: + output_path = Path(temp_dir) / input_path.name + scipy.io.wavfile.write(output_path, rate, data) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_wavfile.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_wavfile.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8a1d959a5faf87994858e6466479f3b32707b23f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/tests/test_wavfile.py @@ -0,0 +1,520 @@ +import os +import sys +from io import (BytesIO, UnsupportedOperation) +import threading +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_, assert_array_equal, + break_cycles, IS_PYPY) +import pytest +from pytest import raises, warns + +from scipy.io import wavfile + + +def datafile(fn): + return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'data', fn) + + +def test_read_1(): + # 32-bit PCM (which uses extensible format) + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 44100) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int32)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (4410,)) + + del data + + +def test_read_2(): + # 8-bit unsigned PCM + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-2ch-1byteu.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.uint8)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (800, 2)) + + del data + + +def test_read_3(): + # Little-endian float + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-44100Hz-2ch-32bit-float-le.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 44100) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.float32)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (441, 2)) + + del data + + +def test_read_4(): + # Contains unsupported 'PEAK' chunk + for mmap in [False, True]: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "Chunk .non-data. not understood, skipping it", + wavfile.WavFileWarning + ) + filename = 'test-48000Hz-2ch-64bit-float-le-wavex.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 48000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.float64)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (480, 2)) + + del data + + +def test_read_5(): + # Big-endian float + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-44100Hz-2ch-32bit-float-be.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 44100) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.float32)) + assert_(data.dtype.byteorder == '>' or (sys.byteorder == 'big' and + data.dtype.byteorder == '=')) + assert_equal(data.shape, (441, 2)) + + del data + + +def test_5_bit_odd_size_no_pad(): + # 5-bit, 1 B container, 5 channels, 9 samples, 45 B data chunk + # Generated by LTspice, which incorrectly omits pad byte, but should be + # readable anyway + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-5ch-9S-5bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.uint8)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (9, 5)) + + # 8-5 = 3 LSBits should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0b00000111, 0) + + # Unsigned + assert_equal(data.max(), 0b11111000) # Highest possible + assert_equal(data[0, 0], 128) # Midpoint is 128 for <= 8-bit + assert_equal(data.min(), 0) # Lowest possible + + del data + + +def test_12_bit_even_size(): + # 12-bit, 2 B container, 4 channels, 9 samples, 72 B data chunk + # Generated by LTspice from 1 Vpk sine waves + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-4ch-9S-12bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int16)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (9, 4)) + + # 16-12 = 4 LSBits should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0b00000000_00001111, 0) + + # Signed + assert_equal(data.max(), 0b01111111_11110000) # Highest possible + assert_equal(data[0, 0], 0) # Midpoint is 0 for >= 9-bit + assert_equal(data.min(), -0b10000000_00000000) # Lowest possible + + del data + + +def test_24_bit_odd_size_with_pad(): + # 24-bit, 3 B container, 3 channels, 5 samples, 45 B data chunk + # Should not raise any warnings about the data chunk pad byte + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=False) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int32)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (5, 3)) + + # All LSBytes should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0xff, 0) + + # Hand-made max/min samples under different conventions: + # 2**(N-1) 2**(N-1)-1 LSB + assert_equal(data, [[-0x8000_0000, -0x7fff_ff00, -0x200], + [-0x4000_0000, -0x3fff_ff00, -0x100], + [+0x0000_0000, +0x0000_0000, +0x000], + [+0x4000_0000, +0x3fff_ff00, +0x100], + [+0x7fff_ff00, +0x7fff_ff00, +0x200]]) + # ^ clipped + + +def test_20_bit_extra_data(): + # 20-bit, 3 B container, 1 channel, 10 samples, 30 B data chunk + # with extra data filling container beyond the bit depth + filename = 'test-1234Hz-le-1ch-10S-20bit-extra.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=False) + + assert_equal(rate, 1234) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int32)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (10,)) + + # All LSBytes should still be 0, because 3 B container in 4 B dtype + assert_equal(data & 0xff, 0) + + # But it should load the data beyond 20 bits + assert_((data & 0xf00).any()) + + # Full-scale positive/negative samples, then being halved each time + assert_equal(data, [+0x7ffff000, # +full-scale 20-bit + -0x7ffff000, # -full-scale 20-bit + +0x7ffff000 >> 1, # +1/2 + -0x7ffff000 >> 1, # -1/2 + +0x7ffff000 >> 2, # +1/4 + -0x7ffff000 >> 2, # -1/4 + +0x7ffff000 >> 3, # +1/8 + -0x7ffff000 >> 3, # -1/8 + +0x7ffff000 >> 4, # +1/16 + -0x7ffff000 >> 4, # -1/16 + ]) + + +def test_36_bit_odd_size(): + # 36-bit, 5 B container, 3 channels, 5 samples, 75 B data chunk + pad + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-36bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=False) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int64)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (5, 3)) + + # 28 LSBits should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0xfffffff, 0) + + # Hand-made max/min samples under different conventions: + # Fixed-point 2**(N-1) Full-scale 2**(N-1)-1 LSB + correct = [[-0x8000_0000_0000_0000, -0x7fff_ffff_f000_0000, -0x2000_0000], + [-0x4000_0000_0000_0000, -0x3fff_ffff_f000_0000, -0x1000_0000], + [+0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000_0000], + [+0x4000_0000_0000_0000, +0x3fff_ffff_f000_0000, +0x1000_0000], + [+0x7fff_ffff_f000_0000, +0x7fff_ffff_f000_0000, +0x2000_0000]] + # ^ clipped + + assert_equal(data, correct) + + +def test_45_bit_even_size(): + # 45-bit, 6 B container, 3 channels, 5 samples, 90 B data chunk + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-45bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=False) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int64)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (5, 3)) + + # 19 LSBits should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0x7ffff, 0) + + # Hand-made max/min samples under different conventions: + # Fixed-point 2**(N-1) Full-scale 2**(N-1)-1 LSB + correct = [[-0x8000_0000_0000_0000, -0x7fff_ffff_fff8_0000, -0x10_0000], + [-0x4000_0000_0000_0000, -0x3fff_ffff_fff8_0000, -0x08_0000], + [+0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x00_0000], + [+0x4000_0000_0000_0000, +0x3fff_ffff_fff8_0000, +0x08_0000], + [+0x7fff_ffff_fff8_0000, +0x7fff_ffff_fff8_0000, +0x10_0000]] + # ^ clipped + + assert_equal(data, correct) + + +def test_53_bit_odd_size(): + # 53-bit, 7 B container, 3 channels, 5 samples, 105 B data chunk + pad + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-53bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=False) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int64)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (5, 3)) + + # 11 LSBits should be 0 + assert_equal(data & 0x7ff, 0) + + # Hand-made max/min samples under different conventions: + # Fixed-point 2**(N-1) Full-scale 2**(N-1)-1 LSB + correct = [[-0x8000_0000_0000_0000, -0x7fff_ffff_ffff_f800, -0x1000], + [-0x4000_0000_0000_0000, -0x3fff_ffff_ffff_f800, -0x0800], + [+0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000], + [+0x4000_0000_0000_0000, +0x3fff_ffff_ffff_f800, +0x0800], + [+0x7fff_ffff_ffff_f800, +0x7fff_ffff_ffff_f800, +0x1000]] + # ^ clipped + + assert_equal(data, correct) + + +def test_64_bit_even_size(): + # 64-bit, 8 B container, 3 channels, 5 samples, 120 B data chunk + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-64bit.wav' + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, 8000) + assert_(np.issubdtype(data.dtype, np.int64)) + assert_equal(data.shape, (5, 3)) + + # Hand-made max/min samples under different conventions: + # Fixed-point 2**(N-1) Full-scale 2**(N-1)-1 LSB + correct = [[-0x8000_0000_0000_0000, -0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffff, -0x2], + [-0x4000_0000_0000_0000, -0x3fff_ffff_ffff_ffff, -0x1], + [+0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0000_0000_0000_0000, +0x0], + [+0x4000_0000_0000_0000, +0x3fff_ffff_ffff_ffff, +0x1], + [+0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffff, +0x7fff_ffff_ffff_ffff, +0x2]] + # ^ clipped + + assert_equal(data, correct) + + del data + + +def test_unsupported_mmap(): + # Test containers that cannot be mapped to numpy types + for filename in {'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit.wav', + 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-36bit.wav', + 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-45bit.wav', + 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-53bit.wav', + 'test-1234Hz-le-1ch-10S-20bit-extra.wav'}: + with raises(ValueError, match="mmap.*not compatible"): + rate, data = wavfile.read(datafile(filename), mmap=True) + + +def test_rifx(): + # Compare equivalent RIFX and RIFF files + for rifx, riff in {('test-44100Hz-be-1ch-4bytes.wav', + 'test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes.wav'), + ('test-8000Hz-be-3ch-5S-24bit.wav', + 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit.wav')}: + rate1, data1 = wavfile.read(datafile(rifx), mmap=False) + rate2, data2 = wavfile.read(datafile(riff), mmap=False) + assert_equal(rate1, rate2) + assert_equal(data1, data2) + + +def test_rf64(): + # Compare equivalent RF64 and RIFF files + for rf64, riff in {('test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes-rf64.wav', + 'test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes.wav'), + ('test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit-rf64.wav', + 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit.wav')}: + rate1, data1 = wavfile.read(datafile(rf64), mmap=False) + rate2, data2 = wavfile.read(datafile(riff), mmap=False) + assert_array_equal(rate1, rate2) + assert_array_equal(data1, data2) + + +@pytest.mark.xslow +def test_write_roundtrip_rf64(tmpdir): + dtype = np.dtype(" 0 + assert rate == 44100 + # also test writing (gh-12176) + data[0] = 0 + + +def test_read_early_eof(): + # File ends after 'fact' chunk at boundary, no data read + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes-early-eof-no-data.wav' + with open(datafile(filename), 'rb') as fp: + with raises(ValueError, match="Unexpected end of file."): + wavfile.read(fp, mmap=mmap) + + +def test_read_incomplete_chunk(): + # File ends inside 'fmt ' chunk ID, no data read + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-44100Hz-le-1ch-4bytes-incomplete-chunk.wav' + with open(datafile(filename), 'rb') as fp: + with raises(ValueError, match="Incomplete chunk ID.*b'f'"): + wavfile.read(fp, mmap=mmap) + + +def test_read_inconsistent_header(): + # File header's size fields contradict each other + for mmap in [False, True]: + filename = 'test-8000Hz-le-3ch-5S-24bit-inconsistent.wav' + with open(datafile(filename), 'rb') as fp: + with raises(ValueError, match="header is invalid"): + wavfile.read(fp, mmap=mmap) + + +# signed 8-bit integer PCM is not allowed +# unsigned > 8-bit integer PCM is not allowed +# 8- or 16-bit float PCM is not expected +# g and q are platform-dependent, so not included +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dt_str", ["i2", ">i4", ">i8", ">f4", ">f8", '|u1']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("channels", [1, 2, 5]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("rate", [8000, 32000]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("mmap", [False, True]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("realfile", [False, True]) +def test_write_roundtrip(realfile, mmap, rate, channels, dt_str, tmpdir): + dtype = np.dtype(dt_str) + if realfile: + tmpfile = str(tmpdir.join(str(threading.get_native_id()), 'temp.wav')) + os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(tmpfile), exist_ok=True) + else: + tmpfile = BytesIO() + data = np.random.rand(100, channels) + if channels == 1: + data = data[:, 0] + if dtype.kind == 'f': + # The range of the float type should be in [-1, 1] + data = data.astype(dtype) + else: + data = (data*128).astype(dtype) + + wavfile.write(tmpfile, rate, data) + + rate2, data2 = wavfile.read(tmpfile, mmap=mmap) + + assert_equal(rate, rate2) + assert_(data2.dtype.byteorder in ('<', '=', '|'), msg=data2.dtype) + assert_array_equal(data, data2) + # also test writing (gh-12176) + if realfile: + data2[0] = 0 + else: + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='read-only'): + data2[0] = 0 + + if realfile and mmap and IS_PYPY and sys.platform == 'win32': + # windows cannot remove a dead file held by a mmap but not collected + # in PyPy; since the filename gets reused in this test, clean this up + break_cycles() + break_cycles() + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.float16]) +def test_wavfile_dtype_unsupported(tmpdir, dtype): + tmpfile = str(tmpdir.join('temp.wav')) + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + data = rng.random((100, 5)).astype(dtype) + rate = 8000 + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Unsupported"): + wavfile.write(tmpfile, rate, data) + +def test_seek_emulating_reader_invalid_seek(): + # Dummy data for the reader + reader = wavfile.SeekEmulatingReader(BytesIO(b'\x00\x00')) + + # Test SEEK_END with an invalid whence value + with pytest.raises(UnsupportedOperation): + reader.seek(0, 5) # Invalid whence value + + # Test with negative seek value + with pytest.raises(UnsupportedOperation): + reader.seek(-1, 0) # Negative position with SEEK_SET + + # Test SEEK_END with valid parameters (should not raise) + pos = reader.seek(0, os.SEEK_END) # Valid usage + assert pos == 2, f"Failed to seek to end, got position {pos}" diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/wavfile.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/wavfile.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e5a83e23b9f828800422f2a94a68da8d282a0701 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/io/wavfile.py @@ -0,0 +1,944 @@ +""" +Module to read / write wav files using NumPy arrays + +Functions +--------- +`read`: Return the sample rate (in samples/sec) and data from a WAV file. + +`write`: Write a NumPy array as a WAV file. + +""" +import io +import os +import sys +import numpy as np +import struct +import warnings +from enum import IntEnum + + +__all__ = [ + 'WavFileWarning', + 'read', + 'write' +] + + +class WavFileWarning(UserWarning): + """ + Warning for WAV files with format issues that can still be read. + + Raised when a WAV file has problems like missing metadata or + non-standard formatting, but can still be processed successfully. + """ + pass + + +class SeekEmulatingReader: + """ + Tracks stream position, provides tell(), and emulates only those + seeks that can be supported by reading forward. Other seeks raise + io.UnsupportedOperation. Note that this class implements only the + minimum necessary to keep wavfile.read() happy. + """ + def __init__(self, reader): + self.reader = reader + self.pos = 0 + + def read(self, size=-1, /): + data = self.reader.read(size) + self.pos += len(data) + return data + + def seek(self, offset, whence=os.SEEK_SET, /): + match whence: + case os.SEEK_SET if offset >= self.pos: + self.read(offset - self.pos) # convert to relative + case os.SEEK_CUR if offset >= 0: + self.read(offset) # advance by offset + case os.SEEK_END if offset == 0: + self.read() # advance to end of stream + case _: + raise io.UnsupportedOperation("SeekEmulatingReader was asked to emulate" + " a seek operation it does not support.") + return self.pos + + def tell(self): + return self.pos + + def close(self): + self.reader.close() + + # np.fromfile expects to be able to call flush(), and _read_data_chunk + # expects to catch io.UnsupportedOperation if np.fromfile fails. + def flush(self): + raise io.UnsupportedOperation("SeekEmulatingReader can't flush.") + + +class WAVE_FORMAT(IntEnum): + """ + WAVE form wFormatTag IDs + + Complete list is in mmreg.h in Windows 10 SDK. ALAC and OPUS are the + newest additions, in v10.0.14393 2016-07 + """ + UNKNOWN = 0x0000 + PCM = 0x0001 + ADPCM = 0x0002 + IEEE_FLOAT = 0x0003 + VSELP = 0x0004 + IBM_CVSD = 0x0005 + ALAW = 0x0006 + MULAW = 0x0007 + DTS = 0x0008 + DRM = 0x0009 + WMAVOICE9 = 0x000A + WMAVOICE10 = 0x000B + OKI_ADPCM = 0x0010 + DVI_ADPCM = 0x0011 + IMA_ADPCM = 0x0011 # Duplicate + MEDIASPACE_ADPCM = 0x0012 + SIERRA_ADPCM = 0x0013 + G723_ADPCM = 0x0014 + DIGISTD = 0x0015 + DIGIFIX = 0x0016 + DIALOGIC_OKI_ADPCM = 0x0017 + MEDIAVISION_ADPCM = 0x0018 + CU_CODEC = 0x0019 + HP_DYN_VOICE = 0x001A + YAMAHA_ADPCM = 0x0020 + SONARC = 0x0021 + DSPGROUP_TRUESPEECH = 0x0022 + ECHOSC1 = 0x0023 + AUDIOFILE_AF36 = 0x0024 + APTX = 0x0025 + AUDIOFILE_AF10 = 0x0026 + PROSODY_1612 = 0x0027 + LRC = 0x0028 + DOLBY_AC2 = 0x0030 + GSM610 = 0x0031 + MSNAUDIO = 0x0032 + ANTEX_ADPCME = 0x0033 + CONTROL_RES_VQLPC = 0x0034 + DIGIREAL = 0x0035 + DIGIADPCM = 0x0036 + CONTROL_RES_CR10 = 0x0037 + NMS_VBXADPCM = 0x0038 + CS_IMAADPCM = 0x0039 + ECHOSC3 = 0x003A + ROCKWELL_ADPCM = 0x003B + ROCKWELL_DIGITALK = 0x003C + XEBEC = 0x003D + G721_ADPCM = 0x0040 + G728_CELP = 0x0041 + MSG723 = 0x0042 + INTEL_G723_1 = 0x0043 + INTEL_G729 = 0x0044 + SHARP_G726 = 0x0045 + MPEG = 0x0050 + RT24 = 0x0052 + PAC = 0x0053 + MPEGLAYER3 = 0x0055 + LUCENT_G723 = 0x0059 + CIRRUS = 0x0060 + ESPCM = 0x0061 + VOXWARE = 0x0062 + CANOPUS_ATRAC = 0x0063 + G726_ADPCM = 0x0064 + G722_ADPCM = 0x0065 + DSAT = 0x0066 + DSAT_DISPLAY = 0x0067 + VOXWARE_BYTE_ALIGNED = 0x0069 + VOXWARE_AC8 = 0x0070 + VOXWARE_AC10 = 0x0071 + VOXWARE_AC16 = 0x0072 + VOXWARE_AC20 = 0x0073 + VOXWARE_RT24 = 0x0074 + VOXWARE_RT29 = 0x0075 + VOXWARE_RT29HW = 0x0076 + VOXWARE_VR12 = 0x0077 + VOXWARE_VR18 = 0x0078 + VOXWARE_TQ40 = 0x0079 + VOXWARE_SC3 = 0x007A + VOXWARE_SC3_1 = 0x007B + SOFTSOUND = 0x0080 + VOXWARE_TQ60 = 0x0081 + MSRT24 = 0x0082 + G729A = 0x0083 + MVI_MVI2 = 0x0084 + DF_G726 = 0x0085 + DF_GSM610 = 0x0086 + ISIAUDIO = 0x0088 + ONLIVE = 0x0089 + MULTITUDE_FT_SX20 = 0x008A + INFOCOM_ITS_G721_ADPCM = 0x008B + CONVEDIA_G729 = 0x008C + CONGRUENCY = 0x008D + SBC24 = 0x0091 + DOLBY_AC3_SPDIF = 0x0092 + MEDIASONIC_G723 = 0x0093 + PROSODY_8KBPS = 0x0094 + ZYXEL_ADPCM = 0x0097 + PHILIPS_LPCBB = 0x0098 + PACKED = 0x0099 + MALDEN_PHONYTALK = 0x00A0 + RACAL_RECORDER_GSM = 0x00A1 + RACAL_RECORDER_G720_A = 0x00A2 + RACAL_RECORDER_G723_1 = 0x00A3 + RACAL_RECORDER_TETRA_ACELP = 0x00A4 + NEC_AAC = 0x00B0 + RAW_AAC1 = 0x00FF + RHETOREX_ADPCM = 0x0100 + IRAT = 0x0101 + VIVO_G723 = 0x0111 + VIVO_SIREN = 0x0112 + PHILIPS_CELP = 0x0120 + PHILIPS_GRUNDIG = 0x0121 + DIGITAL_G723 = 0x0123 + SANYO_LD_ADPCM = 0x0125 + SIPROLAB_ACEPLNET = 0x0130 + SIPROLAB_ACELP4800 = 0x0131 + SIPROLAB_ACELP8V3 = 0x0132 + SIPROLAB_G729 = 0x0133 + SIPROLAB_G729A = 0x0134 + SIPROLAB_KELVIN = 0x0135 + VOICEAGE_AMR = 0x0136 + G726ADPCM = 0x0140 + DICTAPHONE_CELP68 = 0x0141 + DICTAPHONE_CELP54 = 0x0142 + QUALCOMM_PUREVOICE = 0x0150 + QUALCOMM_HALFRATE = 0x0151 + TUBGSM = 0x0155 + MSAUDIO1 = 0x0160 + WMAUDIO2 = 0x0161 + WMAUDIO3 = 0x0162 + WMAUDIO_LOSSLESS = 0x0163 + WMASPDIF = 0x0164 + UNISYS_NAP_ADPCM = 0x0170 + UNISYS_NAP_ULAW = 0x0171 + UNISYS_NAP_ALAW = 0x0172 + UNISYS_NAP_16K = 0x0173 + SYCOM_ACM_SYC008 = 0x0174 + SYCOM_ACM_SYC701_G726L = 0x0175 + SYCOM_ACM_SYC701_CELP54 = 0x0176 + SYCOM_ACM_SYC701_CELP68 = 0x0177 + KNOWLEDGE_ADVENTURE_ADPCM = 0x0178 + FRAUNHOFER_IIS_MPEG2_AAC = 0x0180 + DTS_DS = 0x0190 + CREATIVE_ADPCM = 0x0200 + CREATIVE_FASTSPEECH8 = 0x0202 + CREATIVE_FASTSPEECH10 = 0x0203 + UHER_ADPCM = 0x0210 + ULEAD_DV_AUDIO = 0x0215 + ULEAD_DV_AUDIO_1 = 0x0216 + QUARTERDECK = 0x0220 + ILINK_VC = 0x0230 + RAW_SPORT = 0x0240 + ESST_AC3 = 0x0241 + GENERIC_PASSTHRU = 0x0249 + IPI_HSX = 0x0250 + IPI_RPELP = 0x0251 + CS2 = 0x0260 + SONY_SCX = 0x0270 + SONY_SCY = 0x0271 + SONY_ATRAC3 = 0x0272 + SONY_SPC = 0x0273 + TELUM_AUDIO = 0x0280 + TELUM_IA_AUDIO = 0x0281 + NORCOM_VOICE_SYSTEMS_ADPCM = 0x0285 + FM_TOWNS_SND = 0x0300 + MICRONAS = 0x0350 + MICRONAS_CELP833 = 0x0351 + BTV_DIGITAL = 0x0400 + INTEL_MUSIC_CODER = 0x0401 + INDEO_AUDIO = 0x0402 + QDESIGN_MUSIC = 0x0450 + ON2_VP7_AUDIO = 0x0500 + ON2_VP6_AUDIO = 0x0501 + VME_VMPCM = 0x0680 + TPC = 0x0681 + LIGHTWAVE_LOSSLESS = 0x08AE + OLIGSM = 0x1000 + OLIADPCM = 0x1001 + OLICELP = 0x1002 + OLISBC = 0x1003 + OLIOPR = 0x1004 + LH_CODEC = 0x1100 + LH_CODEC_CELP = 0x1101 + LH_CODEC_SBC8 = 0x1102 + LH_CODEC_SBC12 = 0x1103 + LH_CODEC_SBC16 = 0x1104 + NORRIS = 0x1400 + ISIAUDIO_2 = 0x1401 + SOUNDSPACE_MUSICOMPRESS = 0x1500 + MPEG_ADTS_AAC = 0x1600 + MPEG_RAW_AAC = 0x1601 + MPEG_LOAS = 0x1602 + NOKIA_MPEG_ADTS_AAC = 0x1608 + NOKIA_MPEG_RAW_AAC = 0x1609 + VODAFONE_MPEG_ADTS_AAC = 0x160A + VODAFONE_MPEG_RAW_AAC = 0x160B + MPEG_HEAAC = 0x1610 + VOXWARE_RT24_SPEECH = 0x181C + SONICFOUNDRY_LOSSLESS = 0x1971 + INNINGS_TELECOM_ADPCM = 0x1979 + LUCENT_SX8300P = 0x1C07 + LUCENT_SX5363S = 0x1C0C + CUSEEME = 0x1F03 + NTCSOFT_ALF2CM_ACM = 0x1FC4 + DVM = 0x2000 + DTS2 = 0x2001 + MAKEAVIS = 0x3313 + DIVIO_MPEG4_AAC = 0x4143 + NOKIA_ADAPTIVE_MULTIRATE = 0x4201 + DIVIO_G726 = 0x4243 + LEAD_SPEECH = 0x434C + LEAD_VORBIS = 0x564C + WAVPACK_AUDIO = 0x5756 + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_1 = 0x674F + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_2 = 0x6750 + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_3 = 0x6751 + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_1_PLUS = 0x676F + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_2_PLUS = 0x6770 + OGG_VORBIS_MODE_3_PLUS = 0x6771 + ALAC = 0x6C61 + _3COM_NBX = 0x7000 # Can't have leading digit + OPUS = 0x704F + FAAD_AAC = 0x706D + AMR_NB = 0x7361 + AMR_WB = 0x7362 + AMR_WP = 0x7363 + GSM_AMR_CBR = 0x7A21 + GSM_AMR_VBR_SID = 0x7A22 + COMVERSE_INFOSYS_G723_1 = 0xA100 + COMVERSE_INFOSYS_AVQSBC = 0xA101 + COMVERSE_INFOSYS_SBC = 0xA102 + SYMBOL_G729_A = 0xA103 + VOICEAGE_AMR_WB = 0xA104 + INGENIENT_G726 = 0xA105 + MPEG4_AAC = 0xA106 + ENCORE_G726 = 0xA107 + ZOLL_ASAO = 0xA108 + SPEEX_VOICE = 0xA109 + VIANIX_MASC = 0xA10A + WM9_SPECTRUM_ANALYZER = 0xA10B + WMF_SPECTRUM_ANAYZER = 0xA10C + GSM_610 = 0xA10D + GSM_620 = 0xA10E + GSM_660 = 0xA10F + GSM_690 = 0xA110 + GSM_ADAPTIVE_MULTIRATE_WB = 0xA111 + POLYCOM_G722 = 0xA112 + POLYCOM_G728 = 0xA113 + POLYCOM_G729_A = 0xA114 + POLYCOM_SIREN = 0xA115 + GLOBAL_IP_ILBC = 0xA116 + RADIOTIME_TIME_SHIFT_RADIO = 0xA117 + NICE_ACA = 0xA118 + NICE_ADPCM = 0xA119 + VOCORD_G721 = 0xA11A + VOCORD_G726 = 0xA11B + VOCORD_G722_1 = 0xA11C + VOCORD_G728 = 0xA11D + VOCORD_G729 = 0xA11E + VOCORD_G729_A = 0xA11F + VOCORD_G723_1 = 0xA120 + VOCORD_LBC = 0xA121 + NICE_G728 = 0xA122 + FRACE_TELECOM_G729 = 0xA123 + CODIAN = 0xA124 + FLAC = 0xF1AC + EXTENSIBLE = 0xFFFE + DEVELOPMENT = 0xFFFF + + +KNOWN_WAVE_FORMATS = {WAVE_FORMAT.PCM, WAVE_FORMAT.IEEE_FLOAT} + + +def _raise_bad_format(format_tag): + try: + format_name = WAVE_FORMAT(format_tag).name + except ValueError: + format_name = f'{format_tag:#06x}' + raise ValueError(f"Unknown wave file format: {format_name}. Supported " + "formats: " + + ', '.join(x.name for x in KNOWN_WAVE_FORMATS)) + + +def _read_fmt_chunk(fid, is_big_endian): + """ + Returns + ------- + size : int + size of format subchunk in bytes (minus 8 for "fmt " and itself) + format_tag : int + PCM, float, or compressed format + channels : int + number of channels + fs : int + sampling frequency in samples per second + bytes_per_second : int + overall byte rate for the file + block_align : int + bytes per sample, including all channels + bit_depth : int + bits per sample + + Notes + ----- + Assumes file pointer is immediately after the 'fmt ' id + """ + if is_big_endian: + fmt = '>' + else: + fmt = '<' + + size = struct.unpack(fmt+'I', fid.read(4))[0] + + if size < 16: + raise ValueError("Binary structure of wave file is not compliant") + + res = struct.unpack(fmt+'HHIIHH', fid.read(16)) + bytes_read = 16 + + format_tag, channels, fs, bytes_per_second, block_align, bit_depth = res + + if format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT.EXTENSIBLE and size >= (16+2): + ext_chunk_size = struct.unpack(fmt+'H', fid.read(2))[0] + bytes_read += 2 + if ext_chunk_size >= 22: + extensible_chunk_data = fid.read(22) + bytes_read += 22 + raw_guid = extensible_chunk_data[2+4:2+4+16] + # GUID template {XXXXXXXX-0000-0010-8000-00AA00389B71} (RFC-2361) + # MS GUID byte order: first three groups are native byte order, + # rest is Big Endian + if is_big_endian: + tail = b'\x00\x00\x00\x10\x80\x00\x00\xAA\x00\x38\x9B\x71' + else: + tail = b'\x00\x00\x10\x00\x80\x00\x00\xAA\x00\x38\x9B\x71' + if raw_guid.endswith(tail): + format_tag = struct.unpack(fmt+'I', raw_guid[:4])[0] + else: + raise ValueError("Binary structure of wave file is not compliant") + + if format_tag not in KNOWN_WAVE_FORMATS: + _raise_bad_format(format_tag) + + # move file pointer to next chunk + if size > bytes_read: + fid.read(size - bytes_read) + + # fmt should always be 16, 18 or 40, but handle it just in case + _handle_pad_byte(fid, size) + + if format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT.PCM: + if bytes_per_second != fs * block_align: + raise ValueError("WAV header is invalid: nAvgBytesPerSec must" + " equal product of nSamplesPerSec and" + " nBlockAlign, but file has nSamplesPerSec =" + f" {fs}, nBlockAlign = {block_align}, and" + f" nAvgBytesPerSec = {bytes_per_second}") + + return (size, format_tag, channels, fs, bytes_per_second, block_align, + bit_depth) + + +def _read_data_chunk(fid, format_tag, channels, bit_depth, is_big_endian, is_rf64, + block_align, mmap=False, rf64_chunk_size=None): + """ + Notes + ----- + Assumes file pointer is immediately after the 'data' id + + It's possible to not use all available bits in a container, or to store + samples in a container bigger than necessary, so bytes_per_sample uses + the actual reported container size (nBlockAlign / nChannels). Real-world + examples: + + Adobe Audition's "24-bit packed int (type 1, 20-bit)" + + nChannels = 2, nBlockAlign = 6, wBitsPerSample = 20 + + http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/Samples/AFsp/M1F1-int12-AFsp.wav + is: + + nChannels = 2, nBlockAlign = 4, wBitsPerSample = 12 + + http://www-mmsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Documents/AudioFormats/WAVE/Docs/multichaudP.pdf + gives an example of: + + nChannels = 2, nBlockAlign = 8, wBitsPerSample = 20 + """ + if is_big_endian: + fmt = '>' + else: + fmt = '<' + + # Size of the data subchunk in bytes + if not is_rf64: + size = struct.unpack(fmt+'I', fid.read(4))[0] + else: + # chunk size is stored in global file header for RF64 + size = rf64_chunk_size + # skip data chunk size as it is 0xFFFFFFF + fid.read(4) + + # Number of bytes per sample (sample container size) + bytes_per_sample = block_align // channels + n_samples = size // bytes_per_sample + + if format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT.PCM: + if 1 <= bit_depth <= 8: + dtype = 'u1' # WAV of 8-bit integer or less are unsigned + elif bytes_per_sample in {3, 5, 6, 7}: + # No compatible dtype. Load as raw bytes for reshaping later. + dtype = 'V1' + elif bit_depth <= 64: + # Remaining bit depths can map directly to signed numpy dtypes + dtype = f'{fmt}i{bytes_per_sample}' + else: + raise ValueError("Unsupported bit depth: the WAV file " + f"has {bit_depth}-bit integer data.") + elif format_tag == WAVE_FORMAT.IEEE_FLOAT: + if bit_depth in {32, 64}: + dtype = f'{fmt}f{bytes_per_sample}' + else: + raise ValueError("Unsupported bit depth: the WAV file " + f"has {bit_depth}-bit floating-point data.") + else: + _raise_bad_format(format_tag) + + start = fid.tell() + if not mmap: + try: + count = size if dtype == 'V1' else n_samples + data = np.fromfile(fid, dtype=dtype, count=count) + except io.UnsupportedOperation: # not a C-like file + fid.seek(start, 0) # just in case it seeked, though it shouldn't + data = np.frombuffer(fid.read(size), dtype=dtype) + + if dtype == 'V1': + # Rearrange raw bytes into smallest compatible numpy dtype + dt = f'{fmt}i4' if bytes_per_sample == 3 else f'{fmt}i8' + a = np.zeros((len(data) // bytes_per_sample, np.dtype(dt).itemsize), + dtype='V1') + if is_big_endian: + a[:, :bytes_per_sample] = data.reshape((-1, bytes_per_sample)) + else: + a[:, -bytes_per_sample:] = data.reshape((-1, bytes_per_sample)) + data = a.view(dt).reshape(a.shape[:-1]) + else: + if bytes_per_sample in {1, 2, 4, 8}: + start = fid.tell() + data = np.memmap(fid, dtype=dtype, mode='c', offset=start, + shape=(n_samples,)) + fid.seek(start + size) + else: + raise ValueError("mmap=True not compatible with " + f"{bytes_per_sample}-byte container size.") + + _handle_pad_byte(fid, size) + + if channels > 1: + data = data.reshape(-1, channels) + return data + + +def _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian): + if is_big_endian: + fmt = '>I' + else: + fmt = '>> from os.path import dirname, join as pjoin + >>> from scipy.io import wavfile + >>> import scipy.io + + Get the filename for an example .wav file from the tests/data directory. + + >>> data_dir = pjoin(dirname(scipy.io.__file__), 'tests', 'data') + >>> wav_fname = pjoin(data_dir, 'test-44100Hz-2ch-32bit-float-be.wav') + + Load the .wav file contents. + + >>> samplerate, data = wavfile.read(wav_fname) + >>> print(f"number of channels = {data.shape[1]}") + number of channels = 2 + >>> length = data.shape[0] / samplerate + >>> print(f"length = {length}s") + length = 0.01s + + Plot the waveform. + + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + >>> import numpy as np + >>> time = np.linspace(0., length, data.shape[0]) + >>> plt.plot(time, data[:, 0], label="Left channel") + >>> plt.plot(time, data[:, 1], label="Right channel") + >>> plt.legend() + >>> plt.xlabel("Time [s]") + >>> plt.ylabel("Amplitude") + >>> plt.show() + + """ + if hasattr(filename, 'read'): + fid = filename + mmap = False + else: + fid = open(filename, 'rb') + + if not (was_seekable := fid.seekable()): + fid = SeekEmulatingReader(fid) + + try: + file_size, is_big_endian, is_rf64, rf64_chunk_size = _read_riff_chunk(fid) + fmt_chunk_received = False + data_chunk_received = False + while fid.tell() < file_size: + # read the next chunk + chunk_id = fid.read(4) + + if not chunk_id: + if data_chunk_received: + # End of file but data successfully read + warnings.warn( + f"Reached EOF prematurely; finished at {fid.tell():d} bytes, " + f"expected {file_size:d} bytes from header.", + WavFileWarning, stacklevel=2) + break + else: + raise ValueError("Unexpected end of file.") + elif len(chunk_id) < 4: + msg = f"Incomplete chunk ID: {repr(chunk_id)}" + # If we have the data, ignore the broken chunk + if fmt_chunk_received and data_chunk_received: + warnings.warn(msg + ", ignoring it.", WavFileWarning, + stacklevel=2) + else: + raise ValueError(msg) + + if chunk_id == b'fmt ': + fmt_chunk_received = True + fmt_chunk = _read_fmt_chunk(fid, is_big_endian) + format_tag, channels, fs = fmt_chunk[1:4] + bit_depth = fmt_chunk[6] + block_align = fmt_chunk[5] + elif chunk_id == b'fact': + _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian) + elif chunk_id == b'data': + data_chunk_received = True + if not fmt_chunk_received: + raise ValueError("No fmt chunk before data") + data = _read_data_chunk(fid, format_tag, channels, bit_depth, + is_big_endian, is_rf64, block_align, + mmap, rf64_chunk_size) + elif chunk_id == b'LIST': + # Someday this could be handled properly but for now skip it + _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian) + elif chunk_id in {b'JUNK', b'Fake'}: + # Skip alignment chunks without warning + _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian) + else: + warnings.warn("Chunk (non-data) not understood, skipping it.", + WavFileWarning, stacklevel=2) + _skip_unknown_chunk(fid, is_big_endian) + finally: + if not hasattr(filename, 'read'): + fid.close() + elif was_seekable: + # Rewind, if we are able, so that caller can do something + # else with the raw WAV stream. + fid.seek(0) + + return fs, data + + +def write(filename, rate, data): + """ + Write a NumPy array as a WAV file. + + Parameters + ---------- + filename : string or open file handle + Output wav file. + rate : int + The sample rate (in samples/sec). + data : ndarray + A 1-D or 2-D NumPy array of either integer or float data-type. + + Notes + ----- + * Writes a simple uncompressed WAV file. + * To write multiple-channels, use a 2-D array of shape + (Nsamples, Nchannels). + * The bits-per-sample and PCM/float will be determined by the data-type. + + Common data types: [1]_ + + ===================== =========== =========== ============= + WAV format Min Max NumPy dtype + ===================== =========== =========== ============= + 32-bit floating-point -1.0 +1.0 float32 + 32-bit PCM -2147483648 +2147483647 int32 + 16-bit PCM -32768 +32767 int16 + 8-bit PCM 0 255 uint8 + ===================== =========== =========== ============= + + Note that 8-bit PCM is unsigned. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] IBM Corporation and Microsoft Corporation, "Multimedia Programming + Interface and Data Specifications 1.0", section "Data Format of the + Samples", August 1991 + http://www.tactilemedia.com/info/MCI_Control_Info.html + + Examples + -------- + Create a 100Hz sine wave, sampled at 44100Hz. + Write to 16-bit PCM, Mono. + + >>> from scipy.io.wavfile import write + >>> import numpy as np + >>> samplerate = 44100; fs = 100 + >>> t = np.linspace(0., 1., samplerate) + >>> amplitude = np.iinfo(np.int16).max + >>> data = amplitude * np.sin(2. * np.pi * fs * t) + >>> write("example.wav", samplerate, data.astype(np.int16)) + + """ + if hasattr(filename, 'write'): + fid = filename + else: + fid = open(filename, 'wb') + + fs = rate + + try: + dkind = data.dtype.kind + allowed_dtypes = ['float32', 'float64', + 'uint8', 'int16', 'int32', 'int64'] + if data.dtype.name not in allowed_dtypes: + raise ValueError(f"Unsupported data type '{data.dtype}'") + + header_data = b'' + + header_data += b'RIFF' + header_data += b'\x00\x00\x00\x00' + header_data += b'WAVE' + + # fmt chunk + header_data += b'fmt ' + if dkind == 'f': + format_tag = WAVE_FORMAT.IEEE_FLOAT + else: + format_tag = WAVE_FORMAT.PCM + if data.ndim == 1: + channels = 1 + else: + channels = data.shape[1] + bit_depth = data.dtype.itemsize * 8 + bytes_per_second = fs*(bit_depth // 8)*channels + block_align = channels * (bit_depth // 8) + + fmt_chunk_data = struct.pack(' 0xFFFFFFFF + if is_rf64: + header_data = b'' + header_data += b'RF64' + header_data += b'\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF' + header_data += b'WAVE' + header_data += b'ds64' + # size of ds64 chunk + header_data += struct.pack('' or (data.dtype.byteorder == '=' and + sys.byteorder == 'big'): + data = data.byteswap() + _array_tofile(fid, data) + + # Determine file size and place it in correct + # position at start of the file or the data chunk. + size = fid.tell() + if not is_rf64: + fid.seek(4) + fid.write(struct.pack('`__ + for more linear algebra functions. Note that identically named + functions from `scipy.linalg` may offer more or slightly differing + functionality. + + +Basics +====== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + inv - Find the inverse of a square matrix + solve - Solve a linear system of equations + solve_banded - Solve a banded linear system + solveh_banded - Solve a Hermitian or symmetric banded system + solve_circulant - Solve a circulant system + solve_triangular - Solve a triangular matrix + solve_toeplitz - Solve a toeplitz matrix + matmul_toeplitz - Multiply a Toeplitz matrix with an array. + det - Find the determinant of a square matrix + norm - Matrix and vector norm + lstsq - Solve a linear least-squares problem + pinv - Pseudo-inverse (Moore-Penrose) using lstsq + pinvh - Pseudo-inverse of hermitian matrix + khatri_rao - Khatri-Rao product of two arrays + orthogonal_procrustes - Solve an orthogonal Procrustes problem + matrix_balance - Balance matrix entries with a similarity transformation + subspace_angles - Compute the subspace angles between two matrices + bandwidth - Return the lower and upper bandwidth of an array + issymmetric - Check if a square 2D array is symmetric + ishermitian - Check if a square 2D array is Hermitian + LinAlgError + LinAlgWarning + +Eigenvalue Problems +=================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + eig - Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a square matrix + eigvals - Find just the eigenvalues of a square matrix + eigh - Find the e-vals and e-vectors of a Hermitian or symmetric matrix + eigvalsh - Find just the eigenvalues of a Hermitian or symmetric matrix + eig_banded - Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a banded matrix + eigvals_banded - Find just the eigenvalues of a banded matrix + eigh_tridiagonal - Find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a tridiagonal matrix + eigvalsh_tridiagonal - Find just the eigenvalues of a tridiagonal matrix + +Decompositions +============== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + lu - LU decomposition of a matrix + lu_factor - LU decomposition returning unordered matrix and pivots + lu_solve - Solve Ax=b using back substitution with output of lu_factor + svd - Singular value decomposition of a matrix + svdvals - Singular values of a matrix + diagsvd - Construct matrix of singular values from output of svd + orth - Construct orthonormal basis for the range of A using svd + null_space - Construct orthonormal basis for the null space of A using svd + ldl - LDL.T decomposition of a Hermitian or a symmetric matrix. + cholesky - Cholesky decomposition of a matrix + cholesky_banded - Cholesky decomp. of a sym. or Hermitian banded matrix + cho_factor - Cholesky decomposition for use in solving a linear system + cho_solve - Solve previously factored linear system + cho_solve_banded - Solve previously factored banded linear system + polar - Compute the polar decomposition. + qr - QR decomposition of a matrix + qr_multiply - QR decomposition and multiplication by Q + qr_update - Rank k QR update + qr_delete - QR downdate on row or column deletion + qr_insert - QR update on row or column insertion + rq - RQ decomposition of a matrix + qz - QZ decomposition of a pair of matrices + ordqz - QZ decomposition of a pair of matrices with reordering + schur - Schur decomposition of a matrix + rsf2csf - Real to complex Schur form + hessenberg - Hessenberg form of a matrix + cdf2rdf - Complex diagonal form to real diagonal block form + cossin - Cosine sine decomposition of a unitary or orthogonal matrix + +.. seealso:: + + `scipy.linalg.interpolative` -- Interpolative matrix decompositions + + +Matrix Functions +================ + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + expm - Matrix exponential + logm - Matrix logarithm + cosm - Matrix cosine + sinm - Matrix sine + tanm - Matrix tangent + coshm - Matrix hyperbolic cosine + sinhm - Matrix hyperbolic sine + tanhm - Matrix hyperbolic tangent + signm - Matrix sign + sqrtm - Matrix square root + funm - Evaluating an arbitrary matrix function + expm_frechet - Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential + expm_cond - Relative condition number of expm in the Frobenius norm + fractional_matrix_power - Fractional matrix power + + +Matrix Equation Solvers +======================= + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + solve_sylvester - Solve the Sylvester matrix equation + solve_continuous_are - Solve the continuous-time algebraic Riccati equation + solve_discrete_are - Solve the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation + solve_continuous_lyapunov - Solve the continuous-time Lyapunov equation + solve_discrete_lyapunov - Solve the discrete-time Lyapunov equation + + +Sketches and Random Projections +=============================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + clarkson_woodruff_transform - Applies the Clarkson Woodruff Sketch (a.k.a CountMin Sketch) + +Special Matrices +================ + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + block_diag - Construct a block diagonal matrix from submatrices + circulant - Circulant matrix + companion - Companion matrix + convolution_matrix - Convolution matrix + dft - Discrete Fourier transform matrix + fiedler - Fiedler matrix + fiedler_companion - Fiedler companion matrix + hadamard - Hadamard matrix of order 2**n + hankel - Hankel matrix + helmert - Helmert matrix + hilbert - Hilbert matrix + invhilbert - Inverse Hilbert matrix + leslie - Leslie matrix + pascal - Pascal matrix + invpascal - Inverse Pascal matrix + toeplitz - Toeplitz matrix + +Low-level routines +================== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + get_blas_funcs + get_lapack_funcs + find_best_blas_type + +.. seealso:: + + `scipy.linalg.blas` -- Low-level BLAS functions + + `scipy.linalg.lapack` -- Low-level LAPACK functions + + `scipy.linalg.cython_blas` -- Low-level BLAS functions for Cython + + `scipy.linalg.cython_lapack` -- Low-level LAPACK functions for Cython + +""" # noqa: E501 + +from ._misc import * +from ._cythonized_array_utils import * +from ._basic import * +from ._decomp import * +from ._decomp_lu import * +from ._decomp_ldl import * +from ._decomp_cholesky import * +from ._decomp_qr import * +from ._decomp_qz import * +from ._decomp_svd import * +from ._decomp_schur import * +from ._decomp_polar import * +from ._matfuncs import * +from .blas import * +from .lapack import * +from ._special_matrices import * +from ._solvers import * +from ._procrustes import * +from ._decomp_update import * +from ._sketches import * +from ._decomp_cossin import * + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from . import ( + decomp, decomp_cholesky, decomp_lu, decomp_qr, decomp_svd, decomp_schur, + basic, misc, special_matrices, matfuncs, +) + +__all__ = [s for s in dir() if not s.startswith('_')] + + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_basic.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_basic.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa3c747ddefe772a63ad46ac4a132f11da86ce12 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_basic.py @@ -0,0 +1,2424 @@ +# +# Author: Pearu Peterson, March 2002 +# +# w/ additions by Travis Oliphant, March 2002 +# and Jake Vanderplas, August 2012 + +import warnings +from warnings import warn +from itertools import product +import numpy as np +from numpy import atleast_1d, atleast_2d +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from .lapack import ( + get_lapack_funcs, _normalize_lapack_dtype, _normalize_lapack_dtype1, + _compute_lwork +) +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied, LinAlgWarning +from ._decomp import _asarray_validated +from . import _decomp, _decomp_svd +from ._solve_toeplitz import levinson +from ._cythonized_array_utils import (find_det_from_lu, bandwidth, issymmetric, + ishermitian) +from . import _batched_linalg + +__all__ = ['solve', 'solve_triangular', 'solveh_banded', 'solve_banded', + 'solve_toeplitz', 'solve_circulant', 'inv', 'det', 'lstsq', + 'pinv', 'pinvh', 'matrix_balance', 'matmul_toeplitz'] + + +# Linear equations +def _solve_check(n, info, lamch=None, rcond=None): + """ Check arguments during the different steps of the solution phase """ + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'LAPACK reported an illegal value in {-info}-th argument.') + elif 0 < info or rcond == 0: + raise LinAlgError('Matrix is singular.') + + if lamch is None: + return + E = lamch('E') + if not (rcond >= E): # `rcond < E` doesn't handle NaN + warn(f'Ill-conditioned matrix (rcond={rcond:.6g}): ' + 'result may not be accurate.', + LinAlgWarning, stacklevel=3) + + +def _find_matrix_structure(a): + n = a.shape[0] + n_below, n_above = bandwidth(a) + + if n_below == n_above == 0: + kind = 'diagonal' + elif n_above == 0: + kind = 'lower triangular' + elif n_below == 0: + kind = 'upper triangular' + elif n_above <= 1 and n_below <= 1 and n > 3: + kind = 'tridiagonal' + elif np.issubdtype(a.dtype, np.complexfloating) and ishermitian(a): + kind = 'hermitian' + elif issymmetric(a): + kind = 'symmetric' + else: + kind = 'general' + + return kind, n_below, n_above + + +def _format_emit_errors_warnings(err_lst): + """Format/emit errors/warnings from a lowlevel batched routine. + + See inv, solve. + """ + singular, lapack_err, ill_cond = [], [], [] + for i, dct in enumerate(err_lst): + if dct["is_singular"]: + singular.append(i) + if dct["lapack_info"] < 0: + lapack_err.append(f"slice {i} emits lapack info={dct['lapack_info']}") + if dct["is_ill_conditioned"]: + ill_cond.append(f"slice {i} has rcond = {dct['rcond']}") + + if singular: + raise LinAlgError( + f"A singular matrix detected: slice(s) {singular} are singular." + ) + + if lapack_err: + raise ValueError(f"Internal LAPACK errors: {','.join(lapack_err)}.") + + if ill_cond: + warnings.warn( + f"An ill-conditioned matrix detected: {','.join(ill_cond)}.", + LinAlgWarning, + stacklevel=3 + ) + + +def solve(a, b, lower=False, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True, assume_a=None, + transposed=False): + """ + Solve the equation ``a @ x = b`` for ``x``, + where `a` is a square matrix. + + If the data matrix is known to be a particular type then supplying the + corresponding string to ``assume_a`` key chooses the dedicated solver. + The available options are + + ============================= ================================ + diagonal 'diagonal' + tridiagonal 'tridiagonal' + banded 'banded' + upper triangular 'upper triangular' + lower triangular 'lower triangular' + symmetric 'symmetric' (or 'sym') + hermitian 'hermitian' (or 'her') + symmetric positive definite 'positive definite' (or 'pos') + general 'general' (or 'gen') + ============================= ================================ + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : array_like, shape (..., N, N) + Square left-hand side matrix or a batch of matrices. + b : (..., N, NRHS) array_like + Input data for the right hand side or a batch of right-hand sides. + lower : bool, default: False + Ignored unless ``assume_a`` is one of ``'sym'``, ``'her'``, or ``'pos'``. + If True, the calculation uses only the data in the lower triangle of `a`; + entries above the diagonal are ignored. If False (default), the + calculation uses only the data in the upper triangle of `a`; entries + below the diagonal are ignored. + overwrite_a : bool, default: False + Allow overwriting data in `a` (may enhance performance). + overwrite_b : bool, default: False + Allow overwriting data in `b` (may enhance performance). + check_finite : bool, default: True + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + assume_a : str, optional + Valid entries are described above. + If omitted or ``None``, checks are performed to identify structure so the + appropriate solver can be called. + transposed : bool, default: False + If True, solve ``a.T @ x == b``. Raises `NotImplementedError` + for complex `a`. + + Returns + ------- + x : ndarray, shape (N, NRHS) or (..., N) + The solution array. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If size mismatches detected or input a is not square. + LinAlgError + If the computation fails because of matrix singularity. + LinAlgWarning + If an ill-conditioned input a is detected. + NotImplementedError + If transposed is True and input a is a complex matrix. + + Notes + ----- + If the input b matrix is a 1-D array with N elements, when supplied + together with an NxN input a, it is assumed as a valid column vector + despite the apparent size mismatch. This is compatible with the + numpy.dot() behavior and the returned result is still 1-D array. + + The general, symmetric, Hermitian and positive definite solutions are + obtained via calling ?GETRF/?GETRS, ?SYSV, ?HESV, and ?POTRF/?POTRS routines of + LAPACK respectively. + + The datatype of the arrays define which solver is called regardless + of the values. In other words, even when the complex array entries have + precisely zero imaginary parts, the complex solver will be called based + on the data type of the array. + + Examples + -------- + Given `a` and `b`, solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> a = np.array([[3, 2, 0], [1, -1, 0], [0, 5, 1]]) + >>> b = np.array([2, 4, -1]) + >>> from scipy.linalg import solve + >>> x = solve(a, b) + >>> x + array([ 2., -2., 9.]) + >>> a @ x == b + array([ True, True, True], dtype=bool) + + Batches of matrices are supported, with and without structure detection: + + >>> a = np.arange(12).reshape(3, 2, 2) # a batch of 3 2x2 matrices + >>> A = a.transpose(0, 2, 1) @ a # A is a batch of 3 positive definite matrices + >>> b = np.ones(2) + >>> solve(A, b) # this automatically detects that A is pos.def. + array([[ 1. , -0.5], + [ 3. , -2.5], + [ 5. , -4.5]]) + >>> solve(A, b, assume_a='pos') # bypass structucture detection + array([[ 1. , -0.5], + [ 3. , -2.5], + [ 5. , -4.5]]) + """ + if assume_a in ['banded']: + # TODO: handle these structures in this function + return solve0( + a, b, lower=lower, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + check_finite=check_finite, assume_a=assume_a, transposed=transposed + ) + + # keep the numbers in sync with C + structure = { + None: -1, + 'general': 0, 'gen': 0, + 'diagonal': 11, + 'tridiagonal': 31, + 'upper triangular': 21, + 'lower triangular': 22, + 'pos' : 101, 'positive definite': 101, + 'sym' : 201, 'symmetric': 201, + 'her' : 211, 'hermitian': 211, + }.get(assume_a, 'unknown') + if structure == 'unknown': + raise ValueError(f'{assume_a} is not a recognized matrix structure') + + a1 = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite)) + b1 = np.atleast_1d(_asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite)) + a1, b1 = _ensure_dtype_cdsz(a1, b1) # XXX; b upcasts a? + a1, overwrite_a = _normalize_lapack_dtype(a1, overwrite_a) + + if a1.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError(f"Expected at least ndim=2, got {a1.ndim=}") + if a1.shape[-1] != a1.shape[-2]: + raise ValueError(f"Expected square matrix, got {a1.shape=}") + + # backwards compatibility + if np.issubdtype(a1.dtype, np.complexfloating) and transposed: + raise NotImplementedError('scipy.linalg.solve can currently ' + 'not solve a^T x = b or a^H x = b ' + 'for complex matrices.') + + if not (a1.flags['ALIGNED'] or a1.dtype.byteorder == '='): + overwrite_a = True + a1 = a1.copy() + + if not (b1.flags['ALIGNED'] or b1.dtype.byteorder == '='): + overwrite_a = True + b1 = b1.copy() + + # align the shape of b with a: 1. make b1 at least 2D + b_is_1D = b1.ndim == 1 + if b_is_1D: + b1 = b1[:, None] + + a_is_scalar = a1.size == 1 + + if b1.shape[-2] != a1.shape[-1] and not a_is_scalar: + raise ValueError(f"incompatible shapes: {a1.shape=} and {b1.shape=}") + + # 2. broadcast the batch dimensions of b1 and a1 + batch_shape = np.broadcast_shapes(a1.shape[:-2], b1.shape[:-2]) + a1 = np.broadcast_to(a1, batch_shape + a1.shape[-2:]) + b1 = np.broadcast_to(b1, batch_shape + b1.shape[-2:]) + + # catch empty inputs + if a1.size == 0 or b1.size == 0: + x = np.empty_like(b1) + if b_is_1D: + x = x[..., 0] + return x + + if a_is_scalar: + if a1.item() == 0: + raise LinAlgError("A singular matrix detected.") + + out = b1 / a1 + return out[..., 0] if b_is_1D else out + + # XXX a1.ndim > 2 ; b1.ndim > 2 + # XXX can do something if a1 C ordered & transposed==True ? + overwrite_a = overwrite_a and (a1.ndim == 2) and (a1.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b and (b1.ndim <= 2) and (b1.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]) + + # heavy lifting + x, err_lst = _batched_linalg._solve( + a1, b1, structure, lower, transposed, overwrite_a, overwrite_b + ) + + if err_lst: + _format_emit_errors_warnings(err_lst) + + if b_is_1D: + x = x[..., 0] + return x + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def solve0(a, b, lower=False, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True, assume_a=None, + transposed=False): + """ + Solve the equation ``a @ x = b`` for ``x``, + where `a` is a square matrix. + + If the data matrix is known to be a particular type then supplying the + corresponding string to ``assume_a`` key chooses the dedicated solver. + The available options are + + ============================= ================================ + diagonal 'diagonal' + tridiagonal 'tridiagonal' + banded 'banded' + upper triangular 'upper triangular' + lower triangular 'lower triangular' + symmetric 'symmetric' (or 'sym') + hermitian 'hermitian' (or 'her') + symmetric positive definite 'positive definite' (or 'pos') + general 'general' (or 'gen') + ============================= ================================ + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (N, N) array_like + Square input data + b : (N, NRHS) array_like + Input data for the right hand side. + lower : bool, default: False + Ignored unless ``assume_a`` is one of ``'sym'``, ``'her'``, or ``'pos'``. + If True, the calculation uses only the data in the lower triangle of `a`; + entries above the diagonal are ignored. If False (default), the + calculation uses only the data in the upper triangle of `a`; entries + below the diagonal are ignored. + overwrite_a : bool, default: False + Allow overwriting data in `a` (may enhance performance). + overwrite_b : bool, default: False + Allow overwriting data in `b` (may enhance performance). + check_finite : bool, default: True + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + assume_a : str, optional + Valid entries are described above. + If omitted or ``None``, checks are performed to identify structure so the + appropriate solver can be called. + transposed : bool, default: False + If True, solve ``a.T @ x == b``. Raises `NotImplementedError` + for complex `a`. + + Returns + ------- + x : (N, NRHS) ndarray + The solution array. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If size mismatches detected or input a is not square. + LinAlgError + If the computation fails because of matrix singularity. + LinAlgWarning + If an ill-conditioned input a is detected. + NotImplementedError + If transposed is True and input a is a complex matrix. + + Notes + ----- + If the input b matrix is a 1-D array with N elements, when supplied + together with an NxN input a, it is assumed as a valid column vector + despite the apparent size mismatch. This is compatible with the + numpy.dot() behavior and the returned result is still 1-D array. + + The general, symmetric, Hermitian and positive definite solutions are + obtained via calling ?GESV, ?SYSV, ?HESV, and ?POSV routines of + LAPACK respectively. + + The datatype of the arrays define which solver is called regardless + of the values. In other words, even when the complex array entries have + precisely zero imaginary parts, the complex solver will be called based + on the data type of the array. + + Examples + -------- + Given `a` and `b`, solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> a = np.array([[3, 2, 0], [1, -1, 0], [0, 5, 1]]) + >>> b = np.array([2, 4, -1]) + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> x = linalg.solve(a, b) + >>> x + array([ 2., -2., 9.]) + >>> np.dot(a, x) == b + array([ True, True, True], dtype=bool) + + """ + # Flags for 1-D or N-D right-hand side + b_is_1D = False + + # check finite after determining structure + a1 = atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(a, check_finite=False)) + b1 = atleast_1d(_asarray_validated(b, check_finite=False)) + a1, b1 = _ensure_dtype_cdsz(a1, b1) + n = a1.shape[0] + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or _datacopied(a1, a) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + + if a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('Input a needs to be a square matrix.') + + if n != b1.shape[0]: + # Last chance to catch 1x1 scalar a and 1-D b arrays + if not (n == 1 and b1.size != 0): + raise ValueError('Input b has to have same number of rows as ' + 'input a') + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + dt = solve(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype), np.ones(2, dtype=b1.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(b1, dtype=dt) + + # regularize 1-D b arrays to 2D + if b1.ndim == 1: + if n == 1: + b1 = b1[None, :] + else: + b1 = b1[:, None] + b_is_1D = True + + if assume_a not in {None, 'diagonal', 'tridiagonal', 'banded', 'lower triangular', + 'upper triangular', 'symmetric', 'hermitian', + 'positive definite', 'general', 'sym', 'her', 'pos', 'gen'}: + raise ValueError(f'{assume_a} is not a recognized matrix structure') + + # for a real matrix, describe it as "symmetric", not "hermitian" + # (lapack doesn't know what to do with real hermitian matrices) + if assume_a in {'hermitian', 'her'} and not np.iscomplexobj(a1): + assume_a = 'symmetric' + + n_below, n_above = None, None + if assume_a is None: + assume_a, n_below, n_above = _find_matrix_structure(a1) + + # Get the correct lamch function. + # The LAMCH functions only exists for S and D + # So for complex values we have to convert to real/double. + if a1.dtype.char in 'fF': # single precision + lamch = get_lapack_funcs('lamch', dtype='f') + else: + lamch = get_lapack_funcs('lamch', dtype='d') + + + # Since the I-norm and 1-norm are the same for symmetric matrices + # we can collect them all in this one call + # Note however, that when issuing 'gen' and form!='none', then + # the I-norm should be used + if transposed: + trans = 1 + norm = 'I' + if np.iscomplexobj(a1): + raise NotImplementedError('scipy.linalg.solve can currently ' + 'not solve a^T x = b or a^H x = b ' + 'for complex matrices.') + else: + trans = 0 + norm = '1' + + # Currently we do not have the other forms of the norm calculators + # lansy, lanpo, lanhe. + # However, in any case they only reduce computations slightly... + if assume_a == 'diagonal': + anorm = _matrix_norm_diagonal(a1, check_finite) + elif assume_a == 'tridiagonal': + anorm = _matrix_norm_tridiagonal(norm, a1, check_finite) + elif assume_a == 'banded': + n_below, n_above = bandwidth(a1) if n_below is None else (n_below, n_above) + a2, n_below, n_above = ((a1.T, n_above, n_below) if transposed + else (a1, n_below, n_above)) + ab = _to_banded(n_below, n_above, a2) + anorm = _matrix_norm_banded(n_below, n_above, norm, ab, check_finite) + elif assume_a in {'lower triangular', 'upper triangular'}: + anorm = _matrix_norm_triangular(assume_a, norm, a1, check_finite) + else: + anorm = _matrix_norm_general(norm, a1, check_finite) + + info, rcond = 0, np.inf + + # Generalized case 'gesv' + if assume_a in {'general', 'gen'}: + gecon, getrf, getrs = get_lapack_funcs(('gecon', 'getrf', 'getrs'), + (a1, b1)) + lu, ipvt, info = getrf(a1, overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + _solve_check(n, info) + x, info = getrs(lu, ipvt, b1, + trans=trans, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = gecon(lu, anorm, norm=norm) + # Hermitian case 'hesv' + elif assume_a in {'hermitian', 'her'}: + hecon, hesv, hesv_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('hecon', 'hesv', + 'hesv_lwork'), (a1, b1)) + lwork = _compute_lwork(hesv_lw, n, lower) + lu, ipvt, x, info = hesv(a1, b1, lwork=lwork, + lower=lower, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = hecon(lu, ipvt, anorm, lower=lower) + # Symmetric case 'sysv' + elif assume_a in {'symmetric', 'sym'}: + sycon, sysv, sysv_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('sycon', 'sysv', + 'sysv_lwork'), (a1, b1)) + lwork = _compute_lwork(sysv_lw, n, lower) + lu, ipvt, x, info = sysv(a1, b1, lwork=lwork, + lower=lower, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = sycon(lu, ipvt, anorm, lower=lower) + # Diagonal case + elif assume_a == 'diagonal': + diag_a = np.diag(a1) + x = (b1.T / diag_a).T + abs_diag_a = np.abs(diag_a) + diag_min = abs_diag_a.min() + rcond = diag_min if diag_min == 0 else diag_min / abs_diag_a.max() + # Tri-diagonal case + elif assume_a == 'tridiagonal': + a1 = a1.T if transposed else a1 + dl, d, du = np.diag(a1, -1), np.diag(a1, 0), np.diag(a1, 1) + _gttrf, _gttrs, _gtcon = get_lapack_funcs(('gttrf', 'gttrs', 'gtcon'), (a1, b1)) + dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info = _gttrf(dl, d, du) + _solve_check(n, info) + x, info = _gttrs(dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b1, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = _gtcon(dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm) + # Banded case + elif assume_a == 'banded': + gbsv, gbcon = get_lapack_funcs(('gbsv', 'gbcon'), (a1, b1)) + # Next two lines copied from `solve_banded` + a2 = np.zeros((2*n_below + n_above + 1, ab.shape[1]), dtype=gbsv.dtype) + a2[n_below:, :] = ab + lu, piv, x, info = gbsv(n_below, n_above, a2, b1, + overwrite_ab=True, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = gbcon(n_below, n_above, lu, piv, anorm) + # Triangular case + elif assume_a in {'lower triangular', 'upper triangular'}: + lower = assume_a == 'lower triangular' + x, info = _solve_triangular(a1, b1, lower=lower, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + trans=transposed) + _solve_check(n, info) + _trcon = get_lapack_funcs(('trcon'), (a1, b1)) + rcond, info = _trcon(a1, uplo='L' if lower else 'U') + # Positive definite case 'posv' + else: + pocon, posv = get_lapack_funcs(('pocon', 'posv'), + (a1, b1)) + lu, x, info = posv(a1, b1, lower=lower, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + _solve_check(n, info) + rcond, info = pocon(lu, anorm) + + _solve_check(n, info, lamch, rcond) + + if b_is_1D: + x = x.ravel() + + return x + + +def _matrix_norm_diagonal(a, check_finite): + # Equivalent of dlange for diagonal matrix, assuming + # norm is either 'I' or '1' (really just not the Frobenius norm) + d = np.diag(a) + d = np.asarray_chkfinite(d) if check_finite else d + return np.abs(d).max() + + +def _matrix_norm_tridiagonal(norm, a, check_finite): + # Equivalent of dlange for tridiagonal matrix, assuming + # norm is either 'I' or '1' + if norm == 'I': + a = a.T + # Context to avoid warning before error in cases like -inf + inf + with np.errstate(invalid='ignore'): + d = np.abs(np.diag(a)) + d[1:] += np.abs(np.diag(a, 1)) + d[:-1] += np.abs(np.diag(a, -1)) + d = np.asarray_chkfinite(d) if check_finite else d + return d.max() + + +def _matrix_norm_triangular(structure, norm, a, check_finite): + a = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) if check_finite else a + lantr = get_lapack_funcs('lantr', (a,)) + return lantr(norm, a, 'L' if structure == 'lower triangular' else 'U' ) + + +def _matrix_norm_banded(kl, ku, norm, ab, check_finite): + ab = np.asarray_chkfinite(ab) if check_finite else ab + langb = get_lapack_funcs('langb', (ab,)) + return langb(norm, kl, ku, ab) + + +def _matrix_norm_general(norm, a, check_finite): + a = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) if check_finite else a + lange = get_lapack_funcs('lange', (a,)) + return lange(norm, a) + + +def _to_banded(n_below, n_above, a): + n = a.shape[0] + rows = n_above + n_below + 1 + ab = np.zeros((rows, n), dtype=a.dtype) + ab[n_above] = np.diag(a) + for i in range(1, n_above + 1): + ab[n_above - i, i:] = np.diag(a, i) + for i in range(1, n_below + 1): + ab[n_above + i, :-i] = np.diag(a, -i) + return ab + + +def _ensure_dtype_cdsz(*arrays): + # Ensure that the dtype of arrays is one of the standard types + # compatible with LAPACK functions (single or double precision + # real or complex). + dtype = np.result_type(*arrays) + if not np.issubdtype(dtype, np.inexact): + return (array.astype(np.float64) for array in arrays) + complex = np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating) + if np.finfo(dtype).bits <= 32: + dtype = np.complex64 if complex else np.float32 + elif np.finfo(dtype).bits >= 64: + dtype = np.complex128 if complex else np.float64 + return (array.astype(dtype, copy=False) for array in arrays) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def solve_triangular(a, b, trans=0, lower=False, unit_diagonal=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Solve the equation ``a @ x = b`` for ``x``, where `a` is a triangular matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + A triangular matrix + b : (M,) or (M, N) array_like + Right-hand side matrix in ``a x = b`` + lower : bool, optional + Use only data contained in the lower triangle of `a`. + Default is to use upper triangle. + trans : {0, 1, 2, 'N', 'T', 'C'}, optional + Type of system to solve: + + ======== ========= + trans system + ======== ========= + 0 or 'N' a x = b + 1 or 'T' a^T x = b + 2 or 'C' a^H x = b + ======== ========= + unit_diagonal : bool, optional + If True, diagonal elements of `a` are assumed to be 1 and + will not be referenced. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Allow overwriting data in `b` (may enhance performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M,) or (M, N) ndarray + Solution to the system ``a x = b``. Shape of return matches `b`. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If `a` is singular + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.9.0 + + Examples + -------- + Solve the lower triangular system a x = b, where:: + + [3 0 0 0] [4] + a = [2 1 0 0] b = [2] + [1 0 1 0] [4] + [1 1 1 1] [2] + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import solve_triangular + >>> a = np.array([[3, 0, 0, 0], [2, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1]]) + >>> b = np.array([4, 2, 4, 2]) + >>> x = solve_triangular(a, b, lower=True) + >>> x + array([ 1.33333333, -0.66666667, 2.66666667, -1.33333333]) + >>> a.dot(x) # Check the result + array([ 4., 2., 4., 2.]) + + """ + + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + + if len(a1.shape) != 2 or a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square matrix') + + if a1.shape[0] != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f'shapes of a {a1.shape} and b {b1.shape} are incompatible') + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + dt_nonempty = solve_triangular( + np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype), np.ones(2, dtype=b1.dtype) + ).dtype + return np.empty_like(b1, dtype=dt_nonempty) + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + + x, _ = _solve_triangular(a1, b1, trans, lower, unit_diagonal, overwrite_b) + return x + + +# solve_triangular without the input validation +def _solve_triangular(a1, b1, trans=0, lower=False, unit_diagonal=False, + overwrite_b=False): + + trans = {'N': 0, 'T': 1, 'C': 2}.get(trans, trans) + trtrs, = get_lapack_funcs(('trtrs',), (a1, b1)) + if a1.flags.f_contiguous or trans == 2: + x, info = trtrs(a1, b1, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, lower=lower, + trans=trans, unitdiag=unit_diagonal) + else: + # transposed system is solved since trtrs expects Fortran ordering + x, info = trtrs(a1.T, b1, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, lower=not lower, + trans=not trans, unitdiag=unit_diagonal) + + if info == 0: + return x, info + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"singular matrix: resolution failed at diagonal {info-1}") + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal trtrs') + + +def solve_banded(l_and_u, ab, b, overwrite_ab=False, overwrite_b=False, + check_finite=True): + """ + Solve the equation ``a @ x = b`` for ``x``, where ``a`` is the banded matrix + defined by `ab`. + + The matrix a is stored in `ab` using the matrix diagonal ordered form:: + + ab[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j] + + Example of `ab` (shape of a is (6,6), `u` =1, `l` =2):: + + * a01 a12 a23 a34 a45 + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + a10 a21 a32 a43 a54 * + a20 a31 a42 a53 * * + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + (l, u) : (integer, integer) + Number of non-zero lower and upper diagonals + ab : (`l` + `u` + 1, M) array_like + Banded matrix + b : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Right-hand side + overwrite_ab : bool, optional + Discard data in `ab` (may enhance performance) + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Discard data in `b` (may enhance performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M,) or (M, K) ndarray + The solution to the system a x = b. Returned shape depends on the + shape of `b`. + + Examples + -------- + Solve the banded system a x = b, where:: + + [5 2 -1 0 0] [0] + [1 4 2 -1 0] [1] + a = [0 1 3 2 -1] b = [2] + [0 0 1 2 2] [2] + [0 0 0 1 1] [3] + + There is one nonzero diagonal below the main diagonal (l = 1), and + two above (u = 2). The diagonal banded form of the matrix is:: + + [* * -1 -1 -1] + ab = [* 2 2 2 2] + [5 4 3 2 1] + [1 1 1 1 *] + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import solve_banded + >>> ab = np.array([[0, 0, -1, -1, -1], + ... [0, 2, 2, 2, 2], + ... [5, 4, 3, 2, 1], + ... [1, 1, 1, 1, 0]]) + >>> b = np.array([0, 1, 2, 2, 3]) + >>> x = solve_banded((1, 2), ab, b) + >>> x + array([-2.37288136, 3.93220339, -4. , 4.3559322 , -1.3559322 ]) + + """ + (nlower, nupper) = l_and_u + return _solve_banded(nlower, nupper, ab, b, overwrite_ab=overwrite_ab, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b, check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('nlower', 0), ('nupper', 0), ('ab', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def _solve_banded(nlower, nupper, ab, b, overwrite_ab, overwrite_b, check_finite): + a1 = _asarray_validated(ab, check_finite=check_finite, as_inexact=True) + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite, as_inexact=True) + + # Validate shapes. + if a1.shape[-1] != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("shapes of ab and b are not compatible.") + + if nlower + nupper + 1 != a1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError( + f"invalid values for the number of lower and upper diagonals: l+u+1 " + f"({nlower + nupper + 1}) does not equal ab.shape[0] ({ab.shape[0]})" + ) + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + dt = solve(np.eye(1, dtype=a1.dtype), np.ones(1, dtype=b1.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(b1, dtype=dt) + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + if a1.shape[-1] == 1: + b2 = np.array(b1, copy=(not overwrite_b)) + # a1.shape[-1] == 1 -> original matrix is 1x1. Typically, the user + # will pass u = l = 0 and `a1` will be 1x1. However, the rest of the + # function works with unnecessary rows in `a1` as long as + # `a1[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j]`. In the 1x1 case, we want i = j = 0, + # so the diagonal is in row `u` of `a1`. See gh-8906. + b2 /= a1[nupper, 0] + return b2 + if nlower == nupper == 1: + overwrite_ab = overwrite_ab or _datacopied(a1, ab) + gtsv, = get_lapack_funcs(('gtsv',), (a1, b1)) + du = a1[0, 1:] + d = a1[1, :] + dl = a1[2, :-1] + du2, d, du, x, info = gtsv(dl, d, du, b1, overwrite_ab, overwrite_ab, + overwrite_ab, overwrite_b) + else: + gbsv, = get_lapack_funcs(('gbsv',), (a1, b1)) + a2 = np.zeros((2*nlower + nupper + 1, a1.shape[1]), dtype=gbsv.dtype) + a2[nlower:, :] = a1 + lu, piv, x, info = gbsv(nlower, nupper, a2, b1, overwrite_ab=True, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + if info == 0: + return x + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError("singular matrix") + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal gbsv/gtsv') + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def solveh_banded(ab, b, overwrite_ab=False, overwrite_b=False, lower=False, + check_finite=True): + """ + Solve the equation ``a @ x = b`` for ``x``, where ``a`` is the + Hermitian positive-definite banded matrix defined by `ab`. + + Uses Thomas' Algorithm, which is more efficient than standard LU + factorization, but should only be used for Hermitian positive-definite + matrices. + + The matrix ``a`` is stored in `ab` either in lower diagonal or upper + diagonal ordered form: + + ab[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if upper form; i <= j) + ab[ i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if lower form; i >= j) + + Example of `ab` (shape of ``a`` is (6, 6), number of upper diagonals, + ``u`` =2):: + + upper form: + * * a02 a13 a24 a35 + * a01 a12 a23 a34 a45 + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + + lower form: + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + a10 a21 a32 a43 a54 * + a20 a31 a42 a53 * * + + Cells marked with * are not used. + + Parameters + ---------- + ab : (``u`` + 1, M) array_like + Banded matrix + b : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Right-hand side + overwrite_ab : bool, optional + Discard data in `ab` (may enhance performance) + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Discard data in `b` (may enhance performance) + lower : bool, optional + Is the matrix in the lower form. (Default is upper form) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M,) or (M, K) ndarray + The solution to the system ``a x = b``. Shape of return matches shape + of `b`. + + Notes + ----- + In the case of a non-positive definite matrix ``a``, the solver + `solve_banded` may be used. + + Examples + -------- + Solve the banded system ``A x = b``, where:: + + [ 4 2 -1 0 0 0] [1] + [ 2 5 2 -1 0 0] [2] + A = [-1 2 6 2 -1 0] b = [2] + [ 0 -1 2 7 2 -1] [3] + [ 0 0 -1 2 8 2] [3] + [ 0 0 0 -1 2 9] [3] + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import solveh_banded + + ``ab`` contains the main diagonal and the nonzero diagonals below the + main diagonal. That is, we use the lower form: + + >>> ab = np.array([[ 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9], + ... [ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0], + ... [-1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0]]) + >>> b = np.array([1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3]) + >>> x = solveh_banded(ab, b, lower=True) + >>> x + array([ 0.03431373, 0.45938375, 0.05602241, 0.47759104, 0.17577031, + 0.34733894]) + + + Solve the Hermitian banded system ``H x = b``, where:: + + [ 8 2-1j 0 0 ] [ 1 ] + H = [2+1j 5 1j 0 ] b = [1+1j] + [ 0 -1j 9 -2-1j] [1-2j] + [ 0 0 -2+1j 6 ] [ 0 ] + + In this example, we put the upper diagonals in the array ``hb``: + + >>> hb = np.array([[0, 2-1j, 1j, -2-1j], + ... [8, 5, 9, 6 ]]) + >>> b = np.array([1, 1+1j, 1-2j, 0]) + >>> x = solveh_banded(hb, b) + >>> x + array([ 0.07318536-0.02939412j, 0.11877624+0.17696461j, + 0.10077984-0.23035393j, -0.00479904-0.09358128j]) + + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(ab, check_finite=check_finite) + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + + # Validate shapes. + if a1.shape[-1] != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("shapes of ab and b are not compatible.") + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + dt = solve(np.eye(1, dtype=a1.dtype), np.ones(1, dtype=b1.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(b1, dtype=dt) + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + overwrite_ab = overwrite_ab or _datacopied(a1, ab) + + if a1.shape[0] == 2: + ptsv, = get_lapack_funcs(('ptsv',), (a1, b1)) + if lower: + d = a1[0, :].real + e = a1[1, :-1] + else: + d = a1[1, :].real + e = a1[0, 1:].conj() + d, du, x, info = ptsv(d, e, b1, overwrite_ab, overwrite_ab, + overwrite_b) + else: + pbsv, = get_lapack_funcs(('pbsv',), (a1, b1)) + c, x, info = pbsv(a1, b1, lower=lower, overwrite_ab=overwrite_ab, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"{info}th leading minor not positive definite") + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal pbsv') + return x + + +def solve_toeplitz(c_or_cr, b, check_finite=True): + r"""Solve the equation ``T @ x = b`` for ``x``, where ``T`` is a Toeplitz + matrix defined by `c_or_cr`. + + The Toeplitz matrix has constant diagonals, with ``c`` as its first column + and ``r`` as its first row. If ``r`` is not given, ``r == conjugate(c)`` is + assumed. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + c_or_cr : array_like or tuple of (array_like, array_like) + The vector ``c``, or a tuple of arrays (``c``, ``r``). If not + supplied, ``r = conjugate(c)`` is assumed; in this case, if c[0] is + real, the Toeplitz matrix is Hermitian. r[0] is ignored; the first row + of the Toeplitz matrix is ``[c[0], r[1:]]``. + b : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Right-hand side in ``T x = b``. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (result entirely NaNs) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M,) or (M, K) ndarray + The solution to the system ``T @ x = b``. Shape of return matches shape + of `b`. + + See Also + -------- + toeplitz : Toeplitz matrix + + Notes + ----- + The solution is computed using Levinson-Durbin recursion, which is faster + than generic least-squares methods, but can be less numerically stable. + + Examples + -------- + Solve the Toeplitz system ``T @ x = b``, where:: + + [ 1 -1 -2 -3] [1] + T = [ 3 1 -1 -2] b = [2] + [ 6 3 1 -1] [2] + [10 6 3 1] [5] + + To specify the Toeplitz matrix, only the first column and the first + row are needed. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> c = np.array([1, 3, 6, 10]) # First column of T + >>> r = np.array([1, -1, -2, -3]) # First row of T + >>> b = np.array([1, 2, 2, 5]) + + >>> from scipy.linalg import solve_toeplitz, toeplitz + >>> x = solve_toeplitz((c, r), b) + >>> x + array([ 1.66666667, -1. , -2.66666667, 2.33333333]) + + Check the result by creating the full Toeplitz matrix and + multiplying it by ``x``. We should get `b`. + + >>> T = toeplitz(c, r) + >>> T.dot(x) + array([ 1., 2., 2., 5.]) + + """ + # If numerical stability of this algorithm is a problem, a future + # developer might consider implementing other O(N^2) Toeplitz solvers, + # such as GKO (https://www.jstor.org/stable/2153371) or Bareiss. + c, r = c_or_cr if isinstance(c_or_cr, tuple) else (c_or_cr, np.conjugate(c_or_cr)) + return _solve_toeplitz(c, r, b, check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('c', 1), ('r', 1), ('b', '1|2')) +def _solve_toeplitz(c, r, b, check_finite): + r, c, b, dtype, b_shape = _validate_args_for_toeplitz_ops( + (c, r), b, check_finite, keep_b_shape=True) + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b.size == 0: + return np.empty_like(b) + + # Form a 1-D array of values to be used in the matrix, containing a + # reversed copy of r[1:], followed by c. + vals = np.concatenate((r[-1:0:-1], c)) + if b is None: + raise ValueError('illegal value, `b` is a required argument') + + if b.ndim == 1: + x, _ = levinson(vals, np.ascontiguousarray(b)) + else: + x = np.column_stack([levinson(vals, np.ascontiguousarray(b[:, i]))[0] + for i in range(b.shape[1])]) + x = x.reshape(*b_shape) + + return x + + +def _get_axis_len(aname, a, axis): + ax = axis + if ax < 0: + ax += a.ndim + if 0 <= ax < a.ndim: + return a.shape[ax] + raise ValueError(f"'{aname}axis' entry is out of bounds") + + +def solve_circulant(c, b, singular='raise', tol=None, + caxis=-1, baxis=0, outaxis=0): + """Solve the equation ``C @ x = b`` for ``x``, where ``C`` is a + circulant matrix defined by `c`. + + `C` is the circulant matrix associated with the vector `c`. + + The system is solved by doing division in Fourier space. The + calculation is:: + + x = ifft(fft(b) / fft(c)) + + where `fft` and `ifft` are the fast Fourier transform and its inverse, + respectively. For a large vector `c`, this is *much* faster than + solving the system with the full circulant matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : array_like + The coefficients of the circulant matrix. + b : array_like + Right-hand side matrix in ``a x = b``. + singular : str, optional + This argument controls how a near singular circulant matrix is + handled. If `singular` is "raise" and the circulant matrix is + near singular, a `LinAlgError` is raised. If `singular` is + "lstsq", the least squares solution is returned. Default is "raise". + tol : float, optional + If any eigenvalue of the circulant matrix has an absolute value + that is less than or equal to `tol`, the matrix is considered to be + near singular. If not given, `tol` is set to:: + + tol = abs_eigs.max() * abs_eigs.size * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + + where `abs_eigs` is the array of absolute values of the eigenvalues + of the circulant matrix. + caxis : int + When `c` has dimension greater than 1, it is viewed as a collection + of circulant vectors. In this case, `caxis` is the axis of `c` that + holds the vectors of circulant coefficients. + baxis : int + When `b` has dimension greater than 1, it is viewed as a collection + of vectors. In this case, `baxis` is the axis of `b` that holds the + right-hand side vectors. + outaxis : int + When `c` or `b` are multidimensional, the value returned by + `solve_circulant` is multidimensional. In this case, `outaxis` is + the axis of the result that holds the solution vectors. + + Returns + ------- + x : ndarray + Solution to the system ``C x = b``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If the circulant matrix associated with `c` is near singular. + + See Also + -------- + circulant : circulant matrix + + Notes + ----- + For a 1-D vector `c` with length `m`, and an array `b` + with shape ``(m, ...)``, + + solve_circulant(c, b) + + returns the same result as + + solve(circulant(c), b) + + where `solve` and `circulant` are from `scipy.linalg`. + + .. versionadded:: 0.16.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import solve_circulant, solve, circulant, lstsq + + >>> c = np.array([2, 2, 4]) + >>> b = np.array([1, 2, 3]) + >>> solve_circulant(c, b) + array([ 0.75, -0.25, 0.25]) + + Compare that result to solving the system with `scipy.linalg.solve`: + + >>> solve(circulant(c), b) + array([ 0.75, -0.25, 0.25]) + + A singular example: + + >>> c = np.array([1, 1, 0, 0]) + >>> b = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) + + Calling ``solve_circulant(c, b)`` will raise a `LinAlgError`. For the + least square solution, use the option ``singular='lstsq'``: + + >>> solve_circulant(c, b, singular='lstsq') + array([ 0.25, 1.25, 2.25, 1.25]) + + Compare to `scipy.linalg.lstsq`: + + >>> x, resid, rnk, s = lstsq(circulant(c), b) + >>> x + array([ 0.25, 1.25, 2.25, 1.25]) + + A broadcasting example: + + Suppose we have the vectors of two circulant matrices stored in an array + with shape (2, 5), and three `b` vectors stored in an array with shape + (3, 5). For example, + + >>> c = np.array([[1.5, 2, 3, 0, 0], [1, 1, 4, 3, 2]]) + >>> b = np.arange(15).reshape(-1, 5) + + We want to solve all combinations of circulant matrices and `b` vectors, + with the result stored in an array with shape (2, 3, 5). When we + disregard the axes of `c` and `b` that hold the vectors of coefficients, + the shapes of the collections are (2,) and (3,), respectively, which are + not compatible for broadcasting. To have a broadcast result with shape + (2, 3), we add a trivial dimension to `c`: ``c[:, np.newaxis, :]`` has + shape (2, 1, 5). The last dimension holds the coefficients of the + circulant matrices, so when we call `solve_circulant`, we can use the + default ``caxis=-1``. The coefficients of the `b` vectors are in the last + dimension of the array `b`, so we use ``baxis=-1``. If we use the + default `outaxis`, the result will have shape (5, 2, 3), so we'll use + ``outaxis=-1`` to put the solution vectors in the last dimension. + + >>> x = solve_circulant(c[:, np.newaxis, :], b, baxis=-1, outaxis=-1) + >>> x.shape + (2, 3, 5) + >>> np.set_printoptions(precision=3) # For compact output of numbers. + >>> x + array([[[-0.118, 0.22 , 1.277, -0.142, 0.302], + [ 0.651, 0.989, 2.046, 0.627, 1.072], + [ 1.42 , 1.758, 2.816, 1.396, 1.841]], + [[ 0.401, 0.304, 0.694, -0.867, 0.377], + [ 0.856, 0.758, 1.149, -0.412, 0.831], + [ 1.31 , 1.213, 1.603, 0.042, 1.286]]]) + + Check by solving one pair of `c` and `b` vectors (cf. ``x[1, 1, :]``): + + >>> solve_circulant(c[1], b[1, :]) + array([ 0.856, 0.758, 1.149, -0.412, 0.831]) + + """ + c = np.atleast_1d(c) + nc = _get_axis_len("c", c, caxis) + b = np.atleast_1d(b) + nb = _get_axis_len("b", b, baxis) + if nc != nb: + raise ValueError(f'Shapes of c {c.shape} and b {b.shape} are incompatible') + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b.size == 0: + dt = solve_circulant(np.arange(3, dtype=c.dtype), + np.ones(3, dtype=b.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(b, dtype=dt) + + fc = np.fft.fft(np.moveaxis(c, caxis, -1), axis=-1) + abs_fc = np.abs(fc) + if tol is None: + # This is the same tolerance as used in np.linalg.matrix_rank. + tol = abs_fc.max(axis=-1) * nc * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + if tol.shape != (): + tol = tol.reshape(tol.shape + (1,)) + else: + tol = np.atleast_1d(tol) + + near_zeros = abs_fc <= tol + is_near_singular = np.any(near_zeros) + if is_near_singular: + if singular == 'raise': + raise LinAlgError("near singular circulant matrix.") + else: + # Replace the small values with 1 to avoid errors in the + # division fb/fc below. + fc[near_zeros] = 1 + + fb = np.fft.fft(np.moveaxis(b, baxis, -1), axis=-1) + + q = fb / fc + + if is_near_singular: + # `near_zeros` is a boolean array, same shape as `c`, that is + # True where `fc` is (near) zero. `q` is the broadcasted result + # of fb / fc, so to set the values of `q` to 0 where `fc` is near + # zero, we use a mask that is the broadcast result of an array + # of True values shaped like `b` with `near_zeros`. + mask = np.ones_like(b, dtype=bool) & near_zeros + q[mask] = 0 + + x = np.fft.ifft(q, axis=-1) + if not (np.iscomplexobj(c) or np.iscomplexobj(b)): + x = x.real + if outaxis != -1: + x = np.moveaxis(x, -1, outaxis) + return x + + +# matrix inversion +def inv(a, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True, *, assume_a=None, lower=False): + r""" + Compute the inverse of a matrix. + + If the data matrix is known to be a particular type then supplying the + corresponding string to ``assume_a`` key chooses the dedicated solver. + The available options are + + ============================= ================================ + general 'general' (or 'gen') + diagonal 'diagonal' + upper triangular 'upper triangular' + lower triangular 'lower triangular' + symmetric positive definite 'pos' + symmetric 'sym' + Hermitian 'her' + ============================= ================================ + + For the 'pos' option, only the triangle of the input matrix specified in + the `lower` argument is used, and the other triangle is not referenced. + Likewise, an explicit `assume_a='diagonal'` means that off-diagonal elements + are not referenced. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : array_like, shape (..., M, M) + Square matrix (or a batch of matrices) to be inverted. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Discard data in `a` (may improve performance). Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + assume_a : str, optional + Valid entries are described above. + If omitted or ``None``, checks are performed to identify structure so the + appropriate solver can be called. + lower : bool, optional + Ignored unless `assume_a` is one of 'sym', 'her', or 'pos'. If True, the + calculation uses only the data in the lower triangle of `a`; entries above the + diagonal are ignored. If False (default), the calculation uses only the data in + the upper triangle of `a`; entries below the diagonal are ignored. + + Returns + ------- + ainv : ndarray + Inverse of the matrix `a`. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If `a` is singular. + ValueError + If `a` is not square, or not 2D. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[1., 2.], [3., 4.]]) + >>> linalg.inv(a) + array([[-2. , 1. ], + [ 1.5, -0.5]]) + >>> np.dot(a, linalg.inv(a)) + array([[ 1., 0.], + [ 0., 1.]]) + + Notes + ----- + + The input array ``a`` may represent a single matrix or a collection (a.k.a. + a "batch") of square matrices. For example, if ``a.shape == (4, 3, 2, 2)``, it is + interpreted as a ``(4, 3)``-shaped batch of :math:`2\times 2` matrices. + + This routine checks the condition number of the `a` matrix and emits a + `LinAlgWarning` for ill-conditioned inputs. + + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + + if a1.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError(f"Expected at least ndim=2, got {a1.ndim=}") + if a1.shape[-1] != a1.shape[-2]: + raise ValueError(f"Expected square matrix, got {a1.shape=}") + + # accommodate empty matrices + if a1.size == 0: + dt = inv(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(a1, dtype=dt) + + # Also check if dtype is LAPACK compatible + a1, overwrite_a = _normalize_lapack_dtype(a1, overwrite_a) + + if not (a1.flags['ALIGNED'] or a1.dtype.byteorder == '='): + overwrite_a = True + a1 = a1.copy() + + # XXX can relax a1.ndim == 2? + overwrite_a = overwrite_a and (a1.ndim == 2) and (a1.flags["F_CONTIGUOUS"]) + + # keep the numbers in sync with C at `linalg/src/_common_array_utils.hh` + structure = { + None: -1, + 'general': 0, 'gen': 0, + 'diagonal': 11, + 'upper triangular': 21, + 'lower triangular': 22, + 'pos' : 101, + 'sym' : 201, + 'her' : 211, + }[assume_a] + + # a1 is well behaved, invert it. + inv_a, err_lst = _batched_linalg._inv(a1, structure, overwrite_a, lower) + + if err_lst: + _format_emit_errors_warnings(err_lst) + + return inv_a + + +# Determinant + +def det(a, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the determinant of a matrix + + The determinant is a scalar that is a function of the associated square + matrix coefficients. The determinant value is zero for singular matrices. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., M, M) array_like + Input array to compute determinants for. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Allow overwriting data in a (may enhance performance). + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + det : (...) float or complex + Determinant of `a`. For stacked arrays, a scalar is returned for each + (m, m) slice in the last two dimensions of the input. For example, an + input of shape (p, q, m, m) will produce a result of shape (p, q). If + all dimensions are 1 a scalar is returned regardless of ndim. + + Notes + ----- + The determinant is computed by performing an LU factorization of the + input with LAPACK routine 'getrf', and then calculating the product of + diagonal entries of the U factor. + + Even if the input array is single precision (float32 or complex64), the + result will be returned in double precision (float64 or complex128) to + prevent overflows. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[1,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]) # A singular matrix + >>> linalg.det(a) + 0.0 + >>> b = np.array([[0,2,3], [4,5,6], [7,8,9]]) + >>> linalg.det(b) + 3.0 + >>> # An array with the shape (3, 2, 2, 2) + >>> c = np.array([[[[1., 2.], [3., 4.]], + ... [[5., 6.], [7., 8.]]], + ... [[[9., 10.], [11., 12.]], + ... [[13., 14.], [15., 16.]]], + ... [[[17., 18.], [19., 20.]], + ... [[21., 22.], [23., 24.]]]]) + >>> linalg.det(c) # The resulting shape is (3, 2) + array([[-2., -2.], + [-2., -2.], + [-2., -2.]]) + >>> linalg.det(c[0, 0]) # Confirm the (0, 0) slice, [[1, 2], [3, 4]] + -2.0 + """ + # The goal is to end up with a writable contiguous array to pass to Cython + + # First we check and make arrays. + a1 = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) if check_finite else np.asarray(a) + if a1.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError('The input array must be at least two-dimensional.') + if a1.shape[-1] != a1.shape[-2]: + raise ValueError('Last 2 dimensions of the array must be square' + f' but received shape {a1.shape}.') + + # Also check if dtype is LAPACK compatible + a1, overwrite_a = _normalize_lapack_dtype1(a1, overwrite_a) + + # Empty array has determinant 1 because math. + if min(*a1.shape) == 0: + dtyp = np.float64 if a1.dtype.char not in 'FD' else np.complex128 + if a1.ndim == 2: + return dtyp(1.0) + else: + return np.ones(shape=a1.shape[:-2], dtype=dtyp) + + # Scalar case + if a1.shape[-2:] == (1, 1): + a1 = a1[..., 0, 0] + if a1.ndim == 0: + a1 = a1[()] + # Convert float32 to float64, and complex64 to complex128. + if a1.dtype.char in 'dD': + return a1 + return a1.astype('d') if a1.dtype.char == 'f' else a1.astype('D') + + # Then check overwrite permission + if not _datacopied(a1, a): # "a" still alive through "a1" + if not overwrite_a: + # Data belongs to "a" so make a copy + a1 = a1.copy(order='C') + # else: Do nothing we'll use "a" if possible + # else: a1 has its own data thus free to scratch + + # Then layout checks, might happen that overwrite is allowed but original + # array was read-only or non-C-contiguous. + if not (a1.flags['C_CONTIGUOUS'] and a1.flags['WRITEABLE']): + a1 = a1.copy(order='C') + + if a1.ndim == 2: + det = find_det_from_lu(a1) + # Convert float, complex to NumPy scalars + return (np.float64(det) if np.isrealobj(det) else np.complex128(det)) + + # loop over the stacked array, and avoid overflows for single precision + # Cf. np.linalg.det(np.diag([1e+38, 1e+38]).astype(np.float32)) + dtype_char = a1.dtype.char + if dtype_char in 'fF': + dtype_char = 'd' if dtype_char.islower() else 'D' + + det = np.empty(a1.shape[:-2], dtype=dtype_char) + for ind in product(*[range(x) for x in a1.shape[:-2]]): + det[ind] = find_det_from_lu(a1[ind]) + return det + + +# Linear Least Squares +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def lstsq(a, b, cond=None, overwrite_a=False, overwrite_b=False, + check_finite=True, lapack_driver=None): + """ + Compute least-squares solution to the equation ``a @ x = b``. + + Compute a vector x such that the 2-norm ``|b - A x|`` is minimized. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Left-hand side array + b : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Right hand side array + cond : float, optional + Cutoff for 'small' singular values; used to determine effective + rank of a. Singular values smaller than + ``cond * largest_singular_value`` are considered zero. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Discard data in `a` (may enhance performance). Default is False. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Discard data in `b` (may enhance performance). Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + lapack_driver : str, optional + Which LAPACK driver is used to solve the least-squares problem. + Options are ``'gelsd'``, ``'gelsy'``, ``'gelss'``. Default + (``'gelsd'``) is a good choice. However, ``'gelsy'`` can be slightly + faster on many problems. ``'gelss'`` was used historically. It is + generally slow but uses less memory. + + .. versionadded:: 0.17.0 + + Returns + ------- + x : (N,) or (N, K) ndarray + Least-squares solution. + residues : (K,) ndarray or float + Square of the 2-norm for each column in ``b - a x``, if ``M > N`` and + ``rank(A) == n`` (returns a scalar if ``b`` is 1-D). Otherwise a + (0,)-shaped array is returned. + rank : int + Effective rank of `a`. + s : (min(M, N),) ndarray or None + Singular values of `a`. The condition number of ``a`` is + ``s[0] / s[-1]``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If computation does not converge. + + ValueError + When parameters are not compatible. + + See Also + -------- + scipy.optimize.nnls : linear least squares with non-negativity constraint + + Notes + ----- + When ``'gelsy'`` is used as a driver, `residues` is set to a (0,)-shaped + array and `s` is always ``None``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import lstsq + >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + + Suppose we have the following data: + + >>> x = np.array([1, 2.5, 3.5, 4, 5, 7, 8.5]) + >>> y = np.array([0.3, 1.1, 1.5, 2.0, 3.2, 6.6, 8.6]) + + We want to fit a quadratic polynomial of the form ``y = a + b*x**2`` + to this data. We first form the "design matrix" M, with a constant + column of 1s and a column containing ``x**2``: + + >>> M = x[:, np.newaxis]**[0, 2] + >>> M + array([[ 1. , 1. ], + [ 1. , 6.25], + [ 1. , 12.25], + [ 1. , 16. ], + [ 1. , 25. ], + [ 1. , 49. ], + [ 1. , 72.25]]) + + We want to find the least-squares solution to ``M.dot(p) = y``, + where ``p`` is a vector with length 2 that holds the parameters + ``a`` and ``b``. + + >>> p, res, rnk, s = lstsq(M, y) + >>> p + array([ 0.20925829, 0.12013861]) + + Plot the data and the fitted curve. + + >>> plt.plot(x, y, 'o', label='data') + >>> xx = np.linspace(0, 9, 101) + >>> yy = p[0] + p[1]*xx**2 + >>> plt.plot(xx, yy, label='least squares fit, $y = a + bx^2$') + >>> plt.xlabel('x') + >>> plt.ylabel('y') + >>> plt.legend(framealpha=1, shadow=True) + >>> plt.grid(alpha=0.25) + >>> plt.show() + + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + if len(a1.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError('Input array a should be 2D') + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + if m != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError('Shape mismatch: a and b should have the same number' + f' of rows ({m} != {b1.shape[0]}).') + if m == 0 or n == 0: # Zero-sized problem, confuses LAPACK + x = np.zeros((n,) + b1.shape[1:], dtype=np.common_type(a1, b1)) + if n == 0: + residues = np.linalg.norm(b1, axis=0)**2 + else: + residues = np.empty((0,)) + return x, residues, 0, np.empty((0,)) + + driver = lapack_driver + if driver is None: + driver = lstsq.default_lapack_driver + if driver not in ('gelsd', 'gelsy', 'gelss'): + raise ValueError(f'LAPACK driver "{driver}" is not found') + + lapack_func, lapack_lwork = get_lapack_funcs((driver, + f'{driver}_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + real_data = True if (lapack_func.dtype.kind == 'f') else False + + if m < n: + # need to extend b matrix as it will be filled with + # a larger solution matrix + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + b2 = np.zeros((n, nrhs), dtype=lapack_func.dtype) + b2[:m, :] = b1 + else: + b2 = np.zeros(n, dtype=lapack_func.dtype) + b2[:m] = b1 + b1 = b2 + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or _datacopied(a1, a) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + + if cond is None: + cond = np.finfo(lapack_func.dtype).eps + + if driver in ('gelss', 'gelsd'): + if driver == 'gelss': + lwork = _compute_lwork(lapack_lwork, m, n, nrhs, cond) + v, x, s, rank, work, info = lapack_func(a1, b1, cond, lwork, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + + elif driver == 'gelsd': + if real_data: + lwork, iwork = _compute_lwork(lapack_lwork, m, n, nrhs, cond) + x, s, rank, info = lapack_func(a1, b1, lwork, + iwork, cond, False, False) + else: # complex data + lwork, rwork, iwork = _compute_lwork(lapack_lwork, m, n, + nrhs, cond) + x, s, rank, info = lapack_func(a1, b1, lwork, rwork, iwork, + cond, False, False) + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError("SVD did not converge in Linear Least Squares") + if info < 0: + raise ValueError( + f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal {lapack_driver}' + ) + resids = np.asarray([], dtype=x.dtype) + if m > n: + x1 = x[:n] + if rank == n: + resids = np.sum(np.abs(x[n:])**2, axis=0) + x = x1 + return x, resids, rank, s + + elif driver == 'gelsy': + lwork = _compute_lwork(lapack_lwork, m, n, nrhs, cond) + jptv = np.zeros((a1.shape[1], 1), dtype=np.int32) + v, x, j, rank, info = lapack_func(a1, b1, jptv, cond, + lwork, False, False) + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal gelsy') + if m > n: + x1 = x[:n] + x = x1 + return x, np.array([], x.dtype), rank, None + + +lstsq.default_lapack_driver = 'gelsd' + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def pinv(a, *, atol=None, rtol=None, return_rank=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the (Moore-Penrose) pseudo-inverse of a matrix. + + Calculate a generalized inverse of a matrix using its + singular-value decomposition ``U @ S @ V`` in the economy mode and picking + up only the columns/rows that are associated with significant singular + values. + + If ``s`` is the maximum singular value of ``a``, then the + significance cut-off value is determined by ``atol + rtol * s``. Any + singular value below this value is assumed insignificant. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to be pseudo-inverted. + atol : float, optional + Absolute threshold term, default value is 0. + + .. versionadded:: 1.7.0 + + rtol : float, optional + Relative threshold term, default value is ``max(M, N) * eps`` where + ``eps`` is the machine precision value of the datatype of ``a``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.7.0 + + return_rank : bool, optional + If True, return the effective rank of the matrix. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + B : (N, M) ndarray + The pseudo-inverse of matrix `a`. + rank : int + The effective rank of the matrix. Returned if `return_rank` is True. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If SVD computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + pinvh : Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of a hermitian matrix. + + Notes + ----- + If ``A`` is invertible then the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse is exactly + the inverse of ``A`` [1]_. If ``A`` is not invertible then the + Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse computes the ``x`` solution to ``Ax = b`` such + that ``||Ax - b||`` is minimized [1]_. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Penrose, R. (1956). On best approximate solutions of linear matrix + equations. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical + Society, 52(1), 17-19. doi:10.1017/S0305004100030929 + + Examples + -------- + + Given an ``m x n`` matrix ``A`` and an ``n x m`` matrix ``B`` the four + Moore-Penrose conditions are: + + 1. ``ABA = A`` (``B`` is a generalized inverse of ``A``), + 2. ``BAB = B`` (``A`` is a generalized inverse of ``B``), + 3. ``(AB)* = AB`` (``AB`` is hermitian), + 4. ``(BA)* = BA`` (``BA`` is hermitian) [1]_. + + Here, ``A*`` denotes the conjugate transpose. The Moore-Penrose + pseudoinverse is a unique ``B`` that satisfies all four of these + conditions and exists for any ``A``. Note that, unlike the standard + matrix inverse, ``A`` does not have to be a square matrix or have + linearly independent columns/rows. + + As an example, we can calculate the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of a + random non-square matrix and verify it satisfies the four conditions. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> A = rng.standard_normal((9, 6)) + >>> B = linalg.pinv(A) + >>> np.allclose(A @ B @ A, A) # Condition 1 + True + >>> np.allclose(B @ A @ B, B) # Condition 2 + True + >>> np.allclose((A @ B).conj().T, A @ B) # Condition 3 + True + >>> np.allclose((B @ A).conj().T, B @ A) # Condition 4 + True + + """ + a = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + u, s, vh = _decomp_svd.svd(a, full_matrices=False, check_finite=False) + t = u.dtype.char.lower() + maxS = np.max(s, initial=0.) + + atol = 0. if atol is None else atol + rtol = max(a.shape) * np.finfo(t).eps if (rtol is None) else rtol + + if (atol < 0.) or (rtol < 0.): + raise ValueError("atol and rtol values must be positive.") + + val = atol + maxS * rtol + rank = np.sum(s > val) + + u = u[:, :rank] + u /= s[:rank] + B = (u @ vh[:rank]).conj().T + + if return_rank: + return B, rank + else: + return B + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def pinvh(a, atol=None, rtol=None, lower=True, return_rank=False, + check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the (Moore-Penrose) pseudo-inverse of a Hermitian matrix. + + Calculate a generalized inverse of a complex Hermitian/real symmetric + matrix using its eigenvalue decomposition and including all eigenvalues + with 'large' absolute value. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (N, N) array_like + Real symmetric or complex hermetian matrix to be pseudo-inverted + + atol : float, optional + Absolute threshold term, default value is 0. + + .. versionadded:: 1.7.0 + + rtol : float, optional + Relative threshold term, default value is ``N * eps`` where + ``eps`` is the machine precision value of the datatype of ``a``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.7.0 + + lower : bool, optional + Whether the pertinent array data is taken from the lower or upper + triangle of `a`. (Default: lower) + return_rank : bool, optional + If True, return the effective rank of the matrix. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + B : (N, N) ndarray + The pseudo-inverse of matrix `a`. + rank : int + The effective rank of the matrix. Returned if `return_rank` is True. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue algorithm does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + pinv : Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of a matrix. + + Examples + -------- + + For a more detailed example see `pinv`. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import pinvh + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> a = rng.standard_normal((9, 6)) + >>> a = np.dot(a, a.T) + >>> B = pinvh(a) + >>> np.allclose(a, a @ B @ a) + True + >>> np.allclose(B, B @ a @ B) + True + + """ + a = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + s, u = _decomp.eigh(a, lower=lower, check_finite=False, driver='ev') + t = u.dtype.char.lower() + maxS = np.max(np.abs(s), initial=0.) + + atol = 0. if atol is None else atol + rtol = max(a.shape) * np.finfo(t).eps if (rtol is None) else rtol + + if (atol < 0.) or (rtol < 0.): + raise ValueError("atol and rtol values must be positive.") + + val = atol + maxS * rtol + above_cutoff = (abs(s) > val) + + psigma_diag = 1.0 / s[above_cutoff] + u = u[:, above_cutoff] + + B = (u * psigma_diag) @ u.conj().T + + if return_rank: + return B, len(psigma_diag) + else: + return B + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def matrix_balance(A, permute=True, scale=True, separate=False, + overwrite_a=False): + """ + Compute a diagonal similarity transformation for row/column balancing. + + The balancing tries to equalize the row and column 1-norms by applying + a similarity transformation such that the magnitude variation of the + matrix entries is reflected to the scaling matrices. + + Moreover, if enabled, the matrix is first permuted to isolate the upper + triangular parts of the matrix and, again if scaling is also enabled, + only the remaining subblocks are subjected to scaling. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (n, n) array_like + Square data matrix for the balancing. + permute : bool, optional + The selector to define whether permutation of A is also performed + prior to scaling. + scale : bool, optional + The selector to turn on and off the scaling. If False, the matrix + will not be scaled. + separate : bool, optional + This switches from returning a full matrix of the transformation + to a tuple of two separate 1-D permutation and scaling arrays. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + This is passed to xGEBAL directly. Essentially, overwrites the result + to the data. It might increase the space efficiency. See LAPACK manual + for details. This is False by default. + + Returns + ------- + B : (n, n) ndarray + Balanced matrix + T : (n, n) ndarray + A possibly permuted diagonal matrix whose nonzero entries are + integer powers of 2 to avoid numerical truncation errors. + scale, perm : (n,) ndarray + If ``separate`` keyword is set to True then instead of the array + ``T`` above, the scaling and the permutation vectors are given + separately as a tuple without allocating the full array ``T``. + + Notes + ----- + The balanced matrix satisfies the following equality + + .. math:: + B = T^{-1} A T + + The scaling coefficients are approximated to the nearest power of 2 + to avoid round-off errors. + + This algorithm is particularly useful for eigenvalue and matrix + decompositions and in many cases it is already called by various + LAPACK routines. + + The algorithm is based on the well-known technique of [1]_ and has + been modified to account for special cases. See [2]_ for details + which have been implemented since LAPACK v3.5.0. Before this version + there are corner cases where balancing can actually worsen the + conditioning. See [3]_ for such examples. + + The code is a wrapper around LAPACK's xGEBAL routine family for matrix + balancing. + + .. versionadded:: 0.19.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] B.N. Parlett and C. Reinsch, "Balancing a Matrix for + Calculation of Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors", Numerische Mathematik, + Vol.13(4), 1969, :doi:`10.1007/BF02165404` + .. [2] R. James, J. Langou, B.R. Lowery, "On matrix balancing and + eigenvector computation", 2014, :arxiv:`1401.5766` + .. [3] D.S. Watkins. A case where balancing is harmful. + Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal, Vol.23, 2006. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> x = np.array([[1,2,0], [9,1,0.01], [1,2,10*np.pi]]) + + >>> y, permscale = linalg.matrix_balance(x) + >>> np.abs(x).sum(axis=0) / np.abs(x).sum(axis=1) + array([ 3.66666667, 0.4995005 , 0.91312162]) + + >>> np.abs(y).sum(axis=0) / np.abs(y).sum(axis=1) + array([ 1.2 , 1.27041742, 0.92658316]) # may vary + + >>> permscale # only powers of 2 (0.5 == 2^(-1)) + array([[ 0.5, 0. , 0. ], # may vary + [ 0. , 1. , 0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 1. ]]) + + """ + + A = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(A, check_finite=True)) + + if not np.equal(*A.shape): + raise ValueError('The data matrix for balancing should be square.') + + # accommodate empty arrays + if A.size == 0: + b_n, t_n = matrix_balance(np.eye(2, dtype=A.dtype)) + B = np.empty_like(A, dtype=b_n.dtype) + if separate: + scaling = np.ones_like(A, shape=len(A)) + perm = np.arange(len(A)) + return B, (scaling, perm) + return B, np.empty_like(A, dtype=t_n.dtype) + + gebal = get_lapack_funcs(('gebal'), (A,)) + B, lo, hi, ps, info = gebal(A, scale=scale, permute=permute, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + + if info < 0: + raise ValueError('xGEBAL exited with the internal error ' + f'"illegal value in argument number {-info}.". See ' + 'LAPACK documentation for the xGEBAL error codes.') + + # Separate the permutations from the scalings and then convert to int + scaling = np.ones_like(ps, dtype=float) + scaling[lo:hi+1] = ps[lo:hi+1] + + # gebal uses 1-indexing + ps = ps.astype(int, copy=False) - 1 + n = A.shape[0] + perm = np.arange(n) + + # LAPACK permutes with the ordering n --> hi, then 0--> lo + if hi < n: + for ind, x in enumerate(ps[hi+1:][::-1], 1): + if n-ind == x: + continue + perm[[x, n-ind]] = perm[[n-ind, x]] + + if lo > 0: + for ind, x in enumerate(ps[:lo]): + if ind == x: + continue + perm[[x, ind]] = perm[[ind, x]] + + if separate: + return B, (scaling, perm) + + # get the inverse permutation + iperm = np.empty_like(perm) + iperm[perm] = np.arange(n) + + return B, np.diag(scaling)[iperm, :] + + +def _validate_args_for_toeplitz_ops(c_or_cr, b, check_finite, keep_b_shape, + enforce_square=True): + """Validate arguments and format inputs for toeplitz functions + + Parameters + ---------- + c_or_cr : array_like or tuple of (array_like, array_like) + The vector ``c``, or a tuple of arrays (``c``, ``r``). Whatever the + actual shape of ``c``, it will be converted to a 1-D array. If not + supplied, ``r = conjugate(c)`` is assumed; in this case, if c[0] is + real, the Toeplitz matrix is Hermitian. r[0] is ignored; the first row + of the Toeplitz matrix is ``[c[0], r[1:]]``. Whatever the actual shape + of ``r``, it will be converted to a 1-D array. + b : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Right-hand side in ``T x = b``. + check_finite : bool + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (result entirely NaNs) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + keep_b_shape : bool + Whether to convert a (M,) dimensional b into a (M, 1) dimensional + matrix. + enforce_square : bool, optional + If True (default), this verifies that the Toeplitz matrix is square. + + Returns + ------- + r : array + 1d array corresponding to the first row of the Toeplitz matrix. + c: array + 1d array corresponding to the first column of the Toeplitz matrix. + b: array + (M,), (M, 1) or (M, K) dimensional array, post validation, + corresponding to ``b``. + dtype: numpy datatype + ``dtype`` stores the datatype of ``r``, ``c`` and ``b``. If any of + ``r``, ``c`` or ``b`` are complex, ``dtype`` is ``np.complex128``, + otherwise, it is ``np.float``. + b_shape: tuple + Shape of ``b`` after passing it through ``_asarray_validated``. + + """ + + if isinstance(c_or_cr, tuple): + c, r = c_or_cr + c = _asarray_validated(c, check_finite=check_finite) + r = _asarray_validated(r, check_finite=check_finite) + else: + c = _asarray_validated(c_or_cr, check_finite=check_finite) + r = c.conjugate() + + if b is None: + raise ValueError('`b` must be an array, not None.') + + b = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + b_shape = b.shape + + is_not_square = r.shape[0] != c.shape[0] + if (enforce_square and is_not_square) or b.shape[0] != r.shape[0]: + raise ValueError('Incompatible dimensions.') + + is_cmplx = np.iscomplexobj(r) or np.iscomplexobj(c) or np.iscomplexobj(b) + dtype = np.complex128 if is_cmplx else np.float64 + r, c, b = (np.asarray(i, dtype=dtype) for i in (r, c, b)) + + if b.ndim == 1 and not keep_b_shape: + b = b.reshape(-1, 1) + elif b.ndim != 1: + b = b.reshape(b.shape[0], -1 if b.size > 0 else 0) + + return r, c, b, dtype, b_shape + + +def matmul_toeplitz(c_or_cr, x, check_finite=False, workers=None): + r"""Efficient Toeplitz Matrix-Matrix Multiplication using FFT + + This function returns the matrix multiplication between a Toeplitz + matrix and a dense matrix. + + The Toeplitz matrix has constant diagonals, with c as its first column + and r as its first row. If r is not given, ``r == conjugate(c)`` is + assumed. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + c_or_cr : array_like or tuple of (array_like, array_like) + The vector ``c``, or a tuple of arrays (``c``, ``r``). If not + supplied, ``r = conjugate(c)`` is assumed; in this case, if c[0] is + real, the Toeplitz matrix is Hermitian. r[0] is ignored; the first row + of the Toeplitz matrix is ``[c[0], r[1:]]``. + x : (M,) or (M, K) array_like + Matrix with which to multiply. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (result entirely NaNs) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + workers : int, optional + To pass to scipy.fft.fft and ifft. Maximum number of workers to use + for parallel computation. If negative, the value wraps around from + ``os.cpu_count()``. See scipy.fft.fft for more details. + + Returns + ------- + T @ x : (M,) or (M, K) ndarray + The result of the matrix multiplication ``T @ x``. Shape of return + matches shape of `x`. + + See Also + -------- + toeplitz : Toeplitz matrix + solve_toeplitz : Solve a Toeplitz system using Levinson Recursion + + Notes + ----- + The Toeplitz matrix is embedded in a circulant matrix and the FFT is used + to efficiently calculate the matrix-matrix product. + + Because the computation is based on the FFT, integer inputs will + result in floating point outputs. This is unlike NumPy's `matmul`, + which preserves the data type of the input. + + This is partly based on the implementation that can be found in [1]_, + licensed under the MIT license. More information about the method can be + found in reference [2]_. References [3]_ and [4]_ have more reference + implementations in Python. + + .. versionadded:: 1.6.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Jacob R Gardner, Geoff Pleiss, David Bindel, Kilian + Q Weinberger, Andrew Gordon Wilson, "GPyTorch: Blackbox Matrix-Matrix + Gaussian Process Inference with GPU Acceleration" with contributions + from Max Balandat and Ruihan Wu. Available online: + https://github.com/cornellius-gp/gpytorch + + .. [2] J. Demmel, P. Koev, and X. Li, "A Brief Survey of Direct Linear + Solvers". In Z. Bai, J. Demmel, J. Dongarra, A. Ruhe, and H. van der + Vorst, editors. Templates for the Solution of Algebraic Eigenvalue + Problems: A Practical Guide. SIAM, Philadelphia, 2000. Available at: + http://www.netlib.org/utk/people/JackDongarra/etemplates/node384.html + + .. [3] R. Scheibler, E. Bezzam, I. Dokmanic, Pyroomacoustics: A Python + package for audio room simulations and array processing algorithms, + Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Calgary, CA, 2018. + https://github.com/LCAV/pyroomacoustics/blob/pypi-release/ + pyroomacoustics/adaptive/util.py + + .. [4] Marano S, Edwards B, Ferrari G and Fah D (2017), "Fitting + Earthquake Spectra: Colored Noise and Incomplete Data", Bulletin of + the Seismological Society of America., January, 2017. Vol. 107(1), + pp. 276-291. + + Examples + -------- + Multiply the Toeplitz matrix T with matrix x:: + + [ 1 -1 -2 -3] [1 10] + T = [ 3 1 -1 -2] x = [2 11] + [ 6 3 1 -1] [2 11] + [10 6 3 1] [5 19] + + To specify the Toeplitz matrix, only the first column and the first + row are needed. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> c = np.array([1, 3, 6, 10]) # First column of T + >>> r = np.array([1, -1, -2, -3]) # First row of T + >>> x = np.array([[1, 10], [2, 11], [2, 11], [5, 19]]) + + >>> from scipy.linalg import toeplitz, matmul_toeplitz + >>> matmul_toeplitz((c, r), x) + array([[-20., -80.], + [ -7., -8.], + [ 9., 85.], + [ 33., 218.]]) + + Check the result by creating the full Toeplitz matrix and + multiplying it by ``x``. + + >>> toeplitz(c, r) @ x + array([[-20, -80], + [ -7, -8], + [ 9, 85], + [ 33, 218]]) + + The full matrix is never formed explicitly, so this routine + is suitable for very large Toeplitz matrices. + + >>> n = 1000000 + >>> matmul_toeplitz([1] + [0]*(n-1), np.ones(n)) + array([1., 1., 1., ..., 1., 1., 1.], shape=(1000000,)) + + """ + + from ..fft import fft, ifft, rfft, irfft + c, r = c_or_cr if isinstance(c_or_cr, tuple) else (c_or_cr, np.conjugate(c_or_cr)) + + return _matmul_toepltiz(r, c, x, workers, check_finite, fft, ifft, rfft, irfft) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('r', 1), ('c', 1), ('x', '1|2')) +def _matmul_toepltiz(r, c, x, workers, check_finite, fft, ifft, rfft, irfft): + r, c, x, dtype, x_shape = _validate_args_for_toeplitz_ops((c, r), x, check_finite, + keep_b_shape=False, + enforce_square=False) + n, m = x.shape + + T_nrows = len(c) + T_ncols = len(r) + p = T_nrows + T_ncols - 1 # equivalent to len(embedded_col) + return_shape = (T_nrows,) if len(x_shape) == 1 else (T_nrows, m) + + # accommodate empty arrays + if x.size == 0: + return np.empty_like(x, shape=return_shape) + + embedded_col = np.concatenate((c, r[-1:0:-1])) + + if np.iscomplexobj(embedded_col) or np.iscomplexobj(x): + fft_mat = fft(embedded_col, axis=0, workers=workers).reshape(-1, 1) + fft_x = fft(x, n=p, axis=0, workers=workers) + + mat_times_x = ifft(fft_mat*fft_x, axis=0, + workers=workers)[:T_nrows, :] + else: + # Real inputs; using rfft is faster + fft_mat = rfft(embedded_col, axis=0, workers=workers).reshape(-1, 1) + fft_x = rfft(x, n=p, axis=0, workers=workers) + + mat_times_x = irfft(fft_mat*fft_x, axis=0, + workers=workers, n=p)[:T_nrows, :] + + return mat_times_x.reshape(*return_shape) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_batched_linalg.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_batched_linalg.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00302e14170a7b6423b3fa19b014be312e556ed4 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_batched_linalg.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:59a00560e3d2b5e82c9b054c81c94966afe0bf0ae55ecb0750b98697e940cdfa +size 129672 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_blas_subroutines.h b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_blas_subroutines.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..07965ed66dfc78dbc16768e780613c9a2143c062 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_blas_subroutines.h @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ +/* +This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +Do not edit this file directly. +*/ + +#include "npy_cblas.h" +#include "fortran_defs.h" + +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" { +#endif + +void BLAS_FUNC(caxpy)(int *n, npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(ccopy)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy); +void F_FUNC(cdotcwrp,CDOTCWRP)(npy_complex64 *out, int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy); +void F_FUNC(cdotuwrp,CDOTUWRP)(npy_complex64 *out, int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbmv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgemm)(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgemv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgerc)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeru)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbmv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(chemm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(chemv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(cher)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(cher2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(cher2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(cherk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpmv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpr2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(crotg)(npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cb, float *c, npy_complex64 *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(cscal)(int *n, npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(csrot)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, float *c, float *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(csscal)(int *n, float *sa, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(cswap)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(csymm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyr2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyrk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctbmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctbsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrmm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrsm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +double BLAS_FUNC(dasum)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(daxpy)(int *n, double *da, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy); +double (dcabs1_)(npy_complex128 *z); +void BLAS_FUNC(dcopy)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy); +double BLAS_FUNC(ddot)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbmv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx, double *beta, double *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgemm)(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *beta, double *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgemv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx, double *beta, double *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dger)(int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *a, int *lda); +double BLAS_FUNC(dnrm2)(int *n, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(drot)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy, double *c, double *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(drotg)(double *da, double *db, double *c, double *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(drotm)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy, double *dparam); +void BLAS_FUNC(drotmg)(double *dd1, double *dd2, double *dx1, double *dy1, double *dparam); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbmv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx, double *beta, double *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dscal)(int *n, double *da, double *dx, int *incx); +double BLAS_FUNC(dsdot)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspmv)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *ap, double *x, int *incx, double *beta, double *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspr2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(dswap)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx, double *dy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsymm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *beta, double *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsymv)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx, double *beta, double *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyr2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyr2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *beta, double *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyrk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *beta, double *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtbmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtbsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, double *ap, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, double *ap, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrmm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrsm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *x, int *incx); +double BLAS_FUNC(dzasum)(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx); +double BLAS_FUNC(dznrm2)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(icamax)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(idamax)(int *n, double *dx, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(isamax)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(izamax)(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx); +int (lsame_)(char *ca, char *cb); +float BLAS_FUNC(sasum)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(saxpy)(int *n, float *sa, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +float BLAS_FUNC(scasum)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +float BLAS_FUNC(scnrm2)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(scopy)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +float BLAS_FUNC(sdot)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +float BLAS_FUNC(sdsdot)(int *n, float *sb, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbmv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx, float *beta, float *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgemm)(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *beta, float *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgemv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx, float *beta, float *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(sger)(int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *a, int *lda); +float BLAS_FUNC(snrm2)(int *n, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(srot)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy, float *c, float *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(srotg)(float *sa, float *sb, float *c, float *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(srotm)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy, float *sparam); +void BLAS_FUNC(srotmg)(float *sd1, float *sd2, float *sx1, float *sy1, float *sparam); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbmv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx, float *beta, float *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(sscal)(int *n, float *sa, float *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspmv)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *ap, float *x, int *incx, float *beta, float *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspr2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(sswap)(int *n, float *sx, int *incx, float *sy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssymm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *beta, float *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssymv)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx, float *beta, float *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyr2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyr2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *beta, float *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyrk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *beta, float *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(stbmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(stbsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, float *ap, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, float *ap, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(strmm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(strmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(strsm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(strsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zaxpy)(int *n, npy_complex128 *za, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zcopy)(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy); +void F_FUNC(zdotcwrp,ZDOTCWRP)(npy_complex128 *out, int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy); +void F_FUNC(zdotuwrp,ZDOTUWRP)(npy_complex128 *out, int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zdrot)(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, double *c, double *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(zdscal)(int *n, double *da, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbmv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgemm)(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgemv)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgerc)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeru)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbmv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhemm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhemv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zher)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zher2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zher2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zherk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpmv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpr2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(zrotg)(npy_complex128 *ca, npy_complex128 *cb, double *c, npy_complex128 *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(zscal)(int *n, npy_complex128 *za, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zswap)(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsymm)(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyr2k)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyrk)(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztbmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztbsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrmm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrmv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrsm)(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrsv)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); + +#ifdef __cplusplus +} +#endif diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f857c3427611f7f4815f71b0477da778fb1f84e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:5d2ff34929b01e71b5f74859519c744af9267ab7af1eb600666f1cf6267e735c +size 277776 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pxd b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pxd new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ccec61c078e57ba7b6a310ec57189fcf236c972d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pxd @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +cimport numpy as cnp + +ctypedef fused lapack_t: + float + double + (float complex) + (double complex) + +ctypedef fused lapack_cz_t: + (float complex) + (double complex) + +ctypedef fused lapack_sd_t: + float + double + +ctypedef fused np_numeric_t: + cnp.int8_t + cnp.int16_t + cnp.int32_t + cnp.int64_t + cnp.uint8_t + cnp.uint16_t + cnp.uint32_t + cnp.uint64_t + cnp.float32_t + cnp.float64_t + cnp.longdouble_t + cnp.complex64_t + cnp.complex128_t + +ctypedef fused np_complex_numeric_t: + cnp.complex64_t + cnp.complex128_t + + +cdef void swap_c_and_f_layout(lapack_t *a, lapack_t *b, int r, int c) noexcept nogil +cdef (int, int) band_check_internal_c(np_numeric_t[:, ::1]A) noexcept nogil +cdef bint is_sym_her_real_c_internal(np_numeric_t[:, ::1]A) noexcept nogil +cdef bint is_sym_her_complex_c_internal(np_complex_numeric_t[:, ::1]A) noexcept nogil diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pyi b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pyi new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5633cb61ecf3a90eba901120f64fa6cc6634fa5a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_cythonized_array_utils.pyi @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +from numpy.typing import NDArray +from typing import Any + +def bandwidth(a: NDArray[Any]) -> tuple[int, int]: ... + +def issymmetric( + a: NDArray[Any], + atol: None | float = ..., + rtol: None | float = ..., +) -> bool: ... + +def ishermitian( + a: NDArray[Any], + atol: None | float = ..., + rtol: None | float = ..., +) -> bool: ... diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b13925fc16cafec6087a74f211e5cac507a15221 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp.py @@ -0,0 +1,1651 @@ +# +# Author: Pearu Peterson, March 2002 +# +# additions by Travis Oliphant, March 2002 +# additions by Eric Jones, June 2002 +# additions by Johannes Loehnert, June 2006 +# additions by Bart Vandereycken, June 2006 +# additions by Andrew D Straw, May 2007 +# additions by Tiziano Zito, November 2008 +# +# April 2010: Functions for LU, QR, SVD, Schur, and Cholesky decompositions +# were moved to their own files. Still in this file are functions for +# eigenstuff and for the Hessenberg form. + +__all__ = ['eig', 'eigvals', 'eigh', 'eigvalsh', + 'eig_banded', 'eigvals_banded', + 'eigh_tridiagonal', 'eigvalsh_tridiagonal', 'hessenberg', 'cdf2rdf'] + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (array, isfinite, inexact, nonzero, iscomplexobj, + flatnonzero, conj, asarray, argsort, empty, + iscomplex, zeros, einsum, eye, inf) +# Local imports +from scipy._lib._util import _asarray_validated, _apply_over_batch +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied, norm +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs, _compute_lwork + + +_I = np.array(1j, dtype='F') + + +def _make_complex_eigvecs(w, vin, dtype): + """ + Produce complex-valued eigenvectors from LAPACK DGGEV real-valued output + """ + # - see LAPACK man page DGGEV at ALPHAI + v = np.array(vin, dtype=dtype) + m = (w.imag > 0) + m[:-1] |= (w.imag[1:] < 0) # workaround for LAPACK bug, cf. ticket #709 + for i in flatnonzero(m): + v.imag[:, i] = vin[:, i+1] + conj(v[:, i], v[:, i+1]) + return v + + +def _make_eigvals(alpha, beta, homogeneous_eigvals): + if homogeneous_eigvals: + if beta is None: + return np.vstack((alpha, np.ones_like(alpha))) + else: + return np.vstack((alpha, beta)) + else: + if beta is None: + return alpha + else: + w = np.empty_like(alpha) + alpha_zero = (alpha == 0) + beta_zero = (beta == 0) + beta_nonzero = ~beta_zero + w[beta_nonzero] = alpha[beta_nonzero]/beta[beta_nonzero] + # Use np.inf for complex values too since + # 1/np.inf = 0, i.e., it correctly behaves as projective + # infinity. + w[~alpha_zero & beta_zero] = np.inf + if np.all(alpha.imag == 0): + w[alpha_zero & beta_zero] = np.nan + else: + w[alpha_zero & beta_zero] = complex(np.nan, np.nan) + return w + + +def _geneig(a1, b1, left, right, overwrite_a, overwrite_b, + homogeneous_eigvals): + ggev, = get_lapack_funcs(('ggev',), (a1, b1)) + cvl, cvr = left, right + res = ggev(a1, b1, lwork=-1) + lwork = res[-2][0].real.astype(np.int_) + if ggev.typecode in 'cz': + alpha, beta, vl, vr, work, info = ggev(a1, b1, cvl, cvr, lwork, + overwrite_a, overwrite_b) + w = _make_eigvals(alpha, beta, homogeneous_eigvals) + else: + alphar, alphai, beta, vl, vr, work, info = ggev(a1, b1, cvl, cvr, + lwork, overwrite_a, + overwrite_b) + alpha = alphar + _I * alphai + w = _make_eigvals(alpha, beta, homogeneous_eigvals) + _check_info(info, 'generalized eig algorithm (ggev)') + + only_real = np.all(w.imag == 0.0) + if not (ggev.typecode in 'cz' or only_real): + t = w.dtype.char + if left: + vl = _make_complex_eigvecs(w, vl, t) + if right: + vr = _make_complex_eigvecs(w, vr, t) + + # the eigenvectors returned by the lapack function are NOT normalized + for i in range(vr.shape[0]): + if right: + vr[:, i] /= norm(vr[:, i]) + if left: + vl[:, i] /= norm(vl[:, i]) + + if not (left or right): + return w + if left: + if right: + return w, vl, vr + return w, vl + return w, vr + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2)) +def eig(a, b=None, left=False, right=True, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True, homogeneous_eigvals=False): + """ + Solve an ordinary or generalized eigenvalue problem of a square matrix. + + Find eigenvalues w and right or left eigenvectors of a general matrix:: + + a vr[:,i] = w[i] b vr[:,i] + a.H vl[:,i] = w[i].conj() b.H vl[:,i] + + where ``.H`` is the Hermitian conjugation. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + A complex or real matrix whose eigenvalues and eigenvectors + will be computed. + b : (M, M) array_like, optional + Right-hand side matrix in a generalized eigenvalue problem. + Default is None, identity matrix is assumed. + left : bool, optional + Whether to calculate and return left eigenvectors. Default is False. + right : bool, optional + Whether to calculate and return right eigenvectors. Default is True. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `a`; may improve performance. Default is False. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `b`; may improve performance. Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + homogeneous_eigvals : bool, optional + If True, return the eigenvalues in homogeneous coordinates. + In this case ``w`` is a (2, M) array so that:: + + w[1,i] a vr[:,i] = w[0,i] b vr[:,i] + + Default is False. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) or (2, M) double or complex ndarray + The eigenvalues, each repeated according to its + multiplicity. The shape is (M,) unless + ``homogeneous_eigvals=True``. + vl : (M, M) double or complex ndarray + The left eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue + ``w[i]`` is the column ``vl[:,i]``. Only returned if ``left=True``. + The left eigenvector is not normalized. + vr : (M, M) double or complex ndarray + The normalized right eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue + ``w[i]`` is the column ``vr[:,i]``. Only returned if ``right=True``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + eigvals : eigenvalues of general arrays + eigh : Eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian arrays. + eig_banded : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian + band matrices + eigh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for + symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal matrices + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[0., -1.], [1., 0.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a) + array([0.+1.j, 0.-1.j]) + + >>> b = np.array([[0., 1.], [1., 1.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a, b) + array([ 1.+0.j, -1.+0.j]) + + >>> a = np.array([[3., 0., 0.], [0., 8., 0.], [0., 0., 7.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + array([[3.+0.j, 8.+0.j, 7.+0.j], + [1.+0.j, 1.+0.j, 1.+0.j]]) + + >>> a = np.array([[0., -1.], [1., 0.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a) == linalg.eig(a)[0] + array([ True, True]) + >>> linalg.eig(a, left=True, right=False)[1] # normalized left eigenvector + array([[-0.70710678+0.j , -0.70710678-0.j ], + [-0. +0.70710678j, -0. -0.70710678j]]) + >>> linalg.eig(a, left=False, right=True)[1] # normalized right eigenvector + array([[0.70710678+0.j , 0.70710678-0.j ], + [0. -0.70710678j, 0. +0.70710678j]]) + + + + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + if len(a1.shape) != 2 or a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square matrix') + + # accommodate square empty matrices + if a1.size == 0: + w_n, vr_n = eig(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype)) + w = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0,), dtype=w_n.dtype) + w = _make_eigvals(w, None, homogeneous_eigvals) + vl = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0, 0), dtype=vr_n.dtype) + vr = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0, 0), dtype=vr_n.dtype) + if not (left or right): + return w + if left: + if right: + return w, vl, vr + return w, vl + return w, vr + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + if b is not None: + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + if len(b1.shape) != 2 or b1.shape[0] != b1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square matrix') + if b1.shape != a1.shape: + raise ValueError('a and b must have the same shape') + return _geneig(a1, b1, left, right, overwrite_a, overwrite_b, + homogeneous_eigvals) + + geev, geev_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('geev', 'geev_lwork'), (a1,)) + compute_vl, compute_vr = left, right + + lwork = _compute_lwork(geev_lwork, a1.shape[0], + compute_vl=compute_vl, + compute_vr=compute_vr) + + if geev.typecode in 'cz': + w, vl, vr, info = geev(a1, lwork=lwork, + compute_vl=compute_vl, + compute_vr=compute_vr, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + w = _make_eigvals(w, None, homogeneous_eigvals) + else: + wr, wi, vl, vr, info = geev(a1, lwork=lwork, + compute_vl=compute_vl, + compute_vr=compute_vr, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + w = wr + _I * wi + w = _make_eigvals(w, None, homogeneous_eigvals) + + _check_info(info, 'eig algorithm (geev)', + positive='did not converge (only eigenvalues ' + 'with order >= %d have converged)') + + only_real = np.all(w.imag == 0.0) + if not (geev.typecode in 'cz' or only_real): + t = w.dtype.char + if left: + vl = _make_complex_eigvecs(w, vl, t) + if right: + vr = _make_complex_eigvecs(w, vr, t) + if not (left or right): + return w + if left: + if right: + return w, vl, vr + return w, vl + return w, vr + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2)) +def eigh(a, b=None, *, lower=True, eigvals_only=False, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, type=1, check_finite=True, subset_by_index=None, + subset_by_value=None, driver=None): + """ + Solve a standard or generalized eigenvalue problem for a complex + Hermitian or real symmetric matrix. + + Find eigenvalues array ``w`` and optionally eigenvectors array ``v`` of + array ``a``, where ``b`` is positive definite such that for every + eigenvalue λ (i-th entry of w) and its eigenvector ``vi`` (i-th column of + ``v``) satisfies:: + + a @ vi = λ * b @ vi + vi.conj().T @ a @ vi = λ + vi.conj().T @ b @ vi = 1 + + In the standard problem, ``b`` is assumed to be the identity matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + A complex Hermitian or real symmetric matrix whose eigenvalues and + eigenvectors will be computed. + b : (M, M) array_like, optional + A complex Hermitian or real symmetric definite positive matrix in. + If omitted, identity matrix is assumed. + lower : bool, optional + Whether the pertinent array data is taken from the lower or upper + triangle of ``a`` and, if applicable, ``b``. (Default: lower) + eigvals_only : bool, optional + Whether to calculate only eigenvalues and no eigenvectors. + (Default: both are calculated) + subset_by_index : iterable, optional + If provided, this two-element iterable defines the start and the end + indices of the desired eigenvalues (ascending order and 0-indexed). + To return only the second smallest to fifth smallest eigenvalues, + ``[1, 4]`` is used. ``[n-3, n-1]`` returns the largest three. Only + available with "evr", "evx", and "gvx" drivers. The entries are + directly converted to integers via ``int()``. + subset_by_value : iterable, optional + If provided, this two-element iterable defines the half-open interval + ``(a, b]`` that, if any, only the eigenvalues between these values + are returned. Only available with "evr", "evx", and "gvx" drivers. Use + ``np.inf`` for the unconstrained ends. + driver : str, optional + Defines which LAPACK driver should be used. Valid options are "ev", + "evd", "evr", "evx" for standard problems and "gv", "gvd", "gvx" for + generalized (where b is not None) problems. See the Notes section. + The default for standard problems is "evr". For generalized problems, + "gvd" is used for full set, and "gvx" for subset requested cases. + type : int, optional + For the generalized problems, this keyword specifies the problem type + to be solved for ``w`` and ``v`` (only takes 1, 2, 3 as possible + inputs):: + + 1 => a @ v = w @ b @ v + 2 => a @ b @ v = w @ v + 3 => b @ a @ v = w @ v + + This keyword is ignored for standard problems. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in ``a`` (may improve performance). Default + is False. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in ``b`` (may improve performance). Default + is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + w : (N,) ndarray + The N (N<=M) selected eigenvalues, in ascending order, each + repeated according to its multiplicity. + v : (M, N) ndarray + The normalized eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue ``w[i]`` is + the column ``v[:,i]``. Only returned if ``eigvals_only=False``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge, an error occurred, or + b matrix is not definite positive. Note that if input matrices are + not symmetric or Hermitian, no error will be reported but results will + be wrong. + + See Also + -------- + eigvalsh : eigenvalues of symmetric or Hermitian arrays + eig : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for non-symmetric arrays + eigh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for + symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal matrices + + Notes + ----- + This function does not check the input array for being Hermitian/symmetric + in order to allow for representing arrays with only their upper/lower + triangular parts. Also, note that even though not taken into account, + finiteness check applies to the whole array and unaffected by "lower" + keyword. + + This function uses LAPACK drivers for computations in all possible keyword + combinations, prefixed with ``sy`` if arrays are real and ``he`` if + complex, e.g., a float array with "evr" driver is solved via + "syevr", complex arrays with "gvx" driver problem is solved via "hegvx" + etc. + + As a brief summary, the slowest and the most robust driver is the + classical ``ev`` which uses symmetric QR. ``evr`` is seen as + the optimal choice for the most general cases. However, there are certain + occasions that ``evd`` computes faster at the expense of more + memory usage. ``evx``, while still being faster than ``ev``, + often performs worse than the rest except when very few eigenvalues are + requested for large arrays though there is still no performance guarantee. + + Note that the underlying LAPACK algorithms are different depending on whether + `eigvals_only` is True or False --- thus the eigenvalues may differ + depending on whether eigenvectors are requested or not. The difference is + generally of the order of machine epsilon times the largest eigenvalue, + so is likely only visible for zero or nearly zero eigenvalues. + + For the generalized problem, normalization with respect to the given + type argument:: + + type 1 and 3 : v.conj().T @ a @ v = w + type 2 : inv(v).conj().T @ a @ inv(v) = w + + type 1 or 2 : v.conj().T @ b @ v = I + type 3 : v.conj().T @ inv(b) @ v = I + + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigh + >>> A = np.array([[6, 3, 1, 5], [3, 0, 5, 1], [1, 5, 6, 2], [5, 1, 2, 2]]) + >>> w, v = eigh(A) + >>> np.allclose(A @ v - v @ np.diag(w), np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + + Request only the eigenvalues + + >>> w = eigh(A, eigvals_only=True) + + Request eigenvalues that are less than 10. + + >>> A = np.array([[34, -4, -10, -7, 2], + ... [-4, 7, 2, 12, 0], + ... [-10, 2, 44, 2, -19], + ... [-7, 12, 2, 79, -34], + ... [2, 0, -19, -34, 29]]) + >>> eigh(A, eigvals_only=True, subset_by_value=[-np.inf, 10]) + array([6.69199443e-07, 9.11938152e+00]) + + Request the second smallest eigenvalue and its eigenvector + + >>> w, v = eigh(A, subset_by_index=[1, 1]) + >>> w + array([9.11938152]) + >>> v.shape # only a single column is returned + (5, 1) + + """ + # set lower + uplo = 'L' if lower else 'U' + # Set job for Fortran routines + _job = 'N' if eigvals_only else 'V' + + drv_str = [None, "ev", "evd", "evr", "evx", "gv", "gvd", "gvx"] + if driver not in drv_str: + raise ValueError('"{}" is unknown. Possible values are "None", "{}".' + ''.format(driver, '", "'.join(drv_str[1:]))) + + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + if len(a1.shape) != 2 or a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square "a" matrix') + + # accommodate square empty matrices + if a1.size == 0: + w_n, v_n = eigh(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype)) + + w = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0,), dtype=w_n.dtype) + v = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0, 0), dtype=v_n.dtype) + if eigvals_only: + return w + else: + return w, v + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + cplx = True if iscomplexobj(a1) else False + n = a1.shape[0] + drv_args = {'overwrite_a': overwrite_a} + + if b is not None: + b1 = _asarray_validated(b, check_finite=check_finite) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + if len(b1.shape) != 2 or b1.shape[0] != b1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square "b" matrix') + + if b1.shape != a1.shape: + raise ValueError(f"wrong b dimensions {b1.shape}, should be {a1.shape}") + + if type not in [1, 2, 3]: + raise ValueError('"type" keyword only accepts 1, 2, and 3.') + + cplx = True if iscomplexobj(b1) else (cplx or False) + drv_args.update({'overwrite_b': overwrite_b, 'itype': type}) + + subset = (subset_by_index is not None) or (subset_by_value is not None) + + # Both subsets can't be given + if subset_by_index and subset_by_value: + raise ValueError('Either index or value subset can be requested.') + + # Check indices if given + if subset_by_index: + lo, hi = (int(x) for x in subset_by_index) + if not (0 <= lo <= hi < n): + raise ValueError('Requested eigenvalue indices are not valid. ' + f'Valid range is [0, {n-1}] and start <= end, but ' + f'start={lo}, end={hi} is given') + # fortran is 1-indexed + drv_args.update({'range': 'I', 'il': lo + 1, 'iu': hi + 1}) + + if subset_by_value: + lo, hi = subset_by_value + if not (-inf <= lo < hi <= inf): + raise ValueError('Requested eigenvalue bounds are not valid. ' + 'Valid range is (-inf, inf) and low < high, but ' + f'low={lo}, high={hi} is given') + + drv_args.update({'range': 'V', 'vl': lo, 'vu': hi}) + + # fix prefix for lapack routines + pfx = 'he' if cplx else 'sy' + + # decide on the driver if not given + # first early exit on incompatible choice + if driver: + if b is None and (driver in ["gv", "gvd", "gvx"]): + raise ValueError(f'{driver} requires input b array to be supplied ' + 'for generalized eigenvalue problems.') + if (b is not None) and (driver in ['ev', 'evd', 'evr', 'evx']): + raise ValueError(f'"{driver}" does not accept input b array ' + 'for standard eigenvalue problems.') + if subset and (driver in ["ev", "evd", "gv", "gvd"]): + raise ValueError(f'"{driver}" cannot compute subsets of eigenvalues') + + # Default driver is evr and gvd + else: + driver = "evr" if b is None else ("gvx" if subset else "gvd") + + lwork_spec = { + 'syevd': ['lwork', 'liwork'], + 'syevr': ['lwork', 'liwork'], + 'heevd': ['lwork', 'liwork', 'lrwork'], + 'heevr': ['lwork', 'lrwork', 'liwork'], + } + + if b is None: # Standard problem + drv, drvlw = get_lapack_funcs((pfx + driver, pfx+driver+'_lwork'), + [a1]) + clw_args = {'n': n, 'lower': lower} + if driver == 'evd': + clw_args.update({'compute_v': 0 if _job == "N" else 1}) + + lw = _compute_lwork(drvlw, **clw_args) + # Multiple lwork vars + if isinstance(lw, tuple): + lwork_args = dict(zip(lwork_spec[pfx+driver], lw)) + else: + lwork_args = {'lwork': lw} + + drv_args.update({'lower': lower, 'compute_v': 0 if _job == "N" else 1}) + w, v, *other_args, info = drv(a=a1, **drv_args, **lwork_args) + + else: # Generalized problem + # 'gvd' doesn't have lwork query + if driver == "gvd": + drv = get_lapack_funcs(pfx + "gvd", [a1, b1]) + lwork_args = {} + else: + drv, drvlw = get_lapack_funcs((pfx + driver, pfx+driver+'_lwork'), + [a1, b1]) + # generalized drivers use uplo instead of lower + lw = _compute_lwork(drvlw, n, uplo=uplo) + lwork_args = {'lwork': lw} + + drv_args.update({'uplo': uplo, 'jobz': _job}) + + w, v, *other_args, info = drv(a=a1, b=b1, **drv_args, **lwork_args) + + # m is always the first extra argument + w = w[:other_args[0]] if subset else w + v = v[:, :other_args[0]] if (subset and not eigvals_only) else v + + # Check if we had a successful exit + if info == 0: + if eigvals_only: + return w + else: + return w, v + else: + if info < -1: + raise LinAlgError(f'Illegal value in argument {-info} of internal ' + f'{drv.typecode + pfx + driver}') + elif info > n: + raise LinAlgError(f'The leading minor of order {info-n} of B is not ' + 'positive definite. The factorization of B ' + 'could not be completed and no eigenvalues ' + 'or eigenvectors were computed.') + else: + drv_err = {'ev': 'The algorithm failed to converge; {} ' + 'off-diagonal elements of an intermediate ' + 'tridiagonal form did not converge to zero.', + 'evx': '{} eigenvectors failed to converge.', + 'evd': 'The algorithm failed to compute an eigenvalue ' + 'while working on the submatrix lying in rows ' + 'and columns {0}/{1} through mod({0},{1}).', + 'evr': 'Internal Error.' + } + if driver in ['ev', 'gv']: + msg = drv_err['ev'].format(info) + elif driver in ['evx', 'gvx']: + msg = drv_err['evx'].format(info) + elif driver in ['evd', 'gvd']: + if eigvals_only: + msg = drv_err['ev'].format(info) + else: + msg = drv_err['evd'].format(info, n+1) + else: + msg = drv_err['evr'] + + raise LinAlgError(msg) + + +_conv_dict = {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 2, + 'all': 0, 'value': 1, 'index': 2, + 'a': 0, 'v': 1, 'i': 2} + + +def _check_select(select, select_range, max_ev, max_len): + """Check that select is valid, convert to Fortran style.""" + if isinstance(select, str): + select = select.lower() + try: + select = _conv_dict[select] + except KeyError as e: + raise ValueError('invalid argument for select') from e + vl, vu = 0., 1. + il = iu = 1 + if select != 0: # (non-all) + sr = asarray(select_range) + if sr.ndim != 1 or sr.size != 2 or sr[1] < sr[0]: + raise ValueError('select_range must be a 2-element array-like ' + 'in nondecreasing order') + if select == 1: # (value) + vl, vu = sr + if max_ev == 0: + max_ev = max_len + else: # 2 (index) + if sr.dtype.char.lower() not in 'hilqp': + raise ValueError( + f'when using select="i", select_range must ' + f'contain integers, got dtype {sr.dtype} ({sr.dtype.char})' + ) + # translate Python (0 ... N-1) into Fortran (1 ... N) with + 1 + il, iu = sr + 1 + if min(il, iu) < 1 or max(il, iu) > max_len: + raise ValueError('select_range out of bounds') + max_ev = iu - il + 1 + return select, vl, vu, il, iu, max_ev + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a_band', 2)) +def eig_banded(a_band, lower=False, eigvals_only=False, overwrite_a_band=False, + select='a', select_range=None, max_ev=0, check_finite=True): + """ + Solve real symmetric or complex Hermitian band matrix eigenvalue problem. + + Find eigenvalues w and optionally right eigenvectors v of a:: + + a v[:,i] = w[i] v[:,i] + v.H v = identity + + The matrix a is stored in a_band either in lower diagonal or upper + diagonal ordered form: + + a_band[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if upper form; i <= j) + a_band[ i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if lower form; i >= j) + + where u is the number of bands above the diagonal. + + Example of a_band (shape of a is (6,6), u=2):: + + upper form: + * * a02 a13 a24 a35 + * a01 a12 a23 a34 a45 + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + + lower form: + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + a10 a21 a32 a43 a54 * + a20 a31 a42 a53 * * + + Cells marked with * are not used. + + Parameters + ---------- + a_band : (u+1, M) array_like + The bands of the M by M matrix a. + lower : bool, optional + Is the matrix in the lower form. (Default is upper form) + eigvals_only : bool, optional + Compute only the eigenvalues and no eigenvectors. + (Default: calculate also eigenvectors) + overwrite_a_band : bool, optional + Discard data in a_band (may enhance performance) + select : {'a', 'v', 'i'}, optional + Which eigenvalues to calculate + + ====== ======================================== + select calculated + ====== ======================================== + 'a' All eigenvalues + 'v' Eigenvalues in the interval (min, max] + 'i' Eigenvalues with indices min <= i <= max + ====== ======================================== + select_range : (min, max), optional + Range of selected eigenvalues + max_ev : int, optional + For select=='v', maximum number of eigenvalues expected. + For other values of select, has no meaning. + + In doubt, leave this parameter untouched. + + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) ndarray + The eigenvalues, in ascending order, each repeated according to its + multiplicity. + v : (M, M) float or complex ndarray + The normalized eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue w[i] is + the column v[:,i]. Only returned if ``eigvals_only=False``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + eigvals_banded : eigenvalues for symmetric/Hermitian band matrices + eig : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors of general arrays. + eigh : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian arrays + eigh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for + symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal matrices + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eig_banded + >>> A = np.array([[1, 5, 2, 0], [5, 2, 5, 2], [2, 5, 3, 5], [0, 2, 5, 4]]) + >>> Ab = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 5, 5, 0], [2, 2, 0, 0]]) + >>> w, v = eig_banded(Ab, lower=True) + >>> np.allclose(A @ v - v @ np.diag(w), np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + >>> w = eig_banded(Ab, lower=True, eigvals_only=True) + >>> w + array([-4.26200532, -2.22987175, 3.95222349, 12.53965359]) + + Request only the eigenvalues between ``[-3, 4]`` + + >>> w, v = eig_banded(Ab, lower=True, select='v', select_range=[-3, 4]) + >>> w + array([-2.22987175, 3.95222349]) + + """ + if eigvals_only or overwrite_a_band: + a1 = _asarray_validated(a_band, check_finite=check_finite) + overwrite_a_band = overwrite_a_band or (_datacopied(a1, a_band)) + else: + a1 = array(a_band) + if issubclass(a1.dtype.type, inexact) and not isfinite(a1).all(): + raise ValueError("array must not contain infs or NaNs") + overwrite_a_band = 1 + + if len(a1.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError('expected a 2-D array') + + # accommodate square empty matrices + if a1.size == 0: + w_n, v_n = eig_banded(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]], dtype=a1.dtype)) + + w = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0,), dtype=w_n.dtype) + v = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0, 0), dtype=v_n.dtype) + if eigvals_only: + return w + else: + return w, v + + select, vl, vu, il, iu, max_ev = _check_select( + select, select_range, max_ev, a1.shape[1]) + + del select_range + if select == 0: + if a1.dtype.char in 'GFD': + # FIXME: implement this somewhen, for now go with builtin values + # FIXME: calc optimal lwork by calling ?hbevd(lwork=-1) + # or by using calc_lwork.f ??? + # lwork = calc_lwork.hbevd(bevd.typecode, a1.shape[0], lower) + internal_name = 'hbevd' + else: # a1.dtype.char in 'fd': + # FIXME: implement this somewhen, for now go with builtin values + # see above + # lwork = calc_lwork.sbevd(bevd.typecode, a1.shape[0], lower) + internal_name = 'sbevd' + bevd, = get_lapack_funcs((internal_name,), (a1,)) + w, v, info = bevd(a1, compute_v=not eigvals_only, + lower=lower, overwrite_ab=overwrite_a_band) + else: # select in [1, 2] + if eigvals_only: + max_ev = 1 + # calculate optimal abstol for dsbevx (see manpage) + if a1.dtype.char in 'fF': # single precision + lamch, = get_lapack_funcs(('lamch',), (array(0, dtype='f'),)) + else: + lamch, = get_lapack_funcs(('lamch',), (array(0, dtype='d'),)) + abstol = 2 * lamch('s') + if a1.dtype.char in 'GFD': + internal_name = 'hbevx' + else: # a1.dtype.char in 'gfd' + internal_name = 'sbevx' + bevx, = get_lapack_funcs((internal_name,), (a1,)) + w, v, m, ifail, info = bevx( + a1, vl, vu, il, iu, compute_v=not eigvals_only, mmax=max_ev, + range=select, lower=lower, overwrite_ab=overwrite_a_band, + abstol=abstol) + # crop off w and v + w = w[:m] + if not eigvals_only: + v = v[:, :m] + _check_info(info, internal_name) + + if eigvals_only: + return w + return w, v + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2)) +def eigvals(a, b=None, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True, + homogeneous_eigvals=False): + """ + Compute eigenvalues from an ordinary or generalized eigenvalue problem. + + Find eigenvalues of a general matrix:: + + a vr[:,i] = w[i] b vr[:,i] + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + A complex or real matrix whose eigenvalues and eigenvectors + will be computed. + b : (M, M) array_like, optional + Right-hand side matrix in a generalized eigenvalue problem. + If omitted, identity matrix is assumed. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in a (may improve performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities + or NaNs. + homogeneous_eigvals : bool, optional + If True, return the eigenvalues in homogeneous coordinates. + In this case ``w`` is a (2, M) array so that:: + + w[1,i] a vr[:,i] = w[0,i] b vr[:,i] + + Default is False. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) or (2, M) double or complex ndarray + The eigenvalues, each repeated according to its multiplicity + but not in any specific order. The shape is (M,) unless + ``homogeneous_eigvals=True``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge + + See Also + -------- + eig : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors of general arrays. + eigvalsh : eigenvalues of symmetric or Hermitian arrays + eigvals_banded : eigenvalues for symmetric/Hermitian band matrices + eigvalsh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues of symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal + matrices + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[0., -1.], [1., 0.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a) + array([0.+1.j, 0.-1.j]) + + >>> b = np.array([[0., 1.], [1., 1.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a, b) + array([ 1.+0.j, -1.+0.j]) + + >>> a = np.array([[3., 0., 0.], [0., 8., 0.], [0., 0., 7.]]) + >>> linalg.eigvals(a, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + array([[3.+0.j, 8.+0.j, 7.+0.j], + [1.+0.j, 1.+0.j, 1.+0.j]]) + + """ + return eig(a, b=b, left=0, right=0, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + check_finite=check_finite, + homogeneous_eigvals=homogeneous_eigvals) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2)) +def eigvalsh(a, b=None, *, lower=True, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, type=1, check_finite=True, subset_by_index=None, + subset_by_value=None, driver=None): + """ + Solves a standard or generalized eigenvalue problem for a complex + Hermitian or real symmetric matrix. + + Find eigenvalues array ``w`` of array ``a``, where ``b`` is positive + definite such that for every eigenvalue λ (i-th entry of w) and its + eigenvector vi (i-th column of v) satisfies:: + + a @ vi = λ * b @ vi + vi.conj().T @ a @ vi = λ + vi.conj().T @ b @ vi = 1 + + In the standard problem, b is assumed to be the identity matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + A complex Hermitian or real symmetric matrix whose eigenvalues will + be computed. + b : (M, M) array_like, optional + A complex Hermitian or real symmetric definite positive matrix in. + If omitted, identity matrix is assumed. + lower : bool, optional + Whether the pertinent array data is taken from the lower or upper + triangle of ``a`` and, if applicable, ``b``. (Default: lower) + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in ``a`` (may improve performance). Default + is False. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in ``b`` (may improve performance). Default + is False. + type : int, optional + For the generalized problems, this keyword specifies the problem type + to be solved for ``w`` and ``v`` (only takes 1, 2, 3 as possible + inputs):: + + 1 => a @ v = w @ b @ v + 2 => a @ b @ v = w @ v + 3 => b @ a @ v = w @ v + + This keyword is ignored for standard problems. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + subset_by_index : iterable, optional + If provided, this two-element iterable defines the start and the end + indices of the desired eigenvalues (ascending order and 0-indexed). + To return only the second smallest to fifth smallest eigenvalues, + ``[1, 4]`` is used. ``[n-3, n-1]`` returns the largest three. Only + available with "evr", "evx", and "gvx" drivers. The entries are + directly converted to integers via ``int()``. + subset_by_value : iterable, optional + If provided, this two-element iterable defines the half-open interval + ``(a, b]`` that, if any, only the eigenvalues between these values + are returned. Only available with "evr", "evx", and "gvx" drivers. Use + ``np.inf`` for the unconstrained ends. + driver : str, optional + Defines which LAPACK driver should be used. Valid options are "ev", + "evd", "evr", "evx" for standard problems and "gv", "gvd", "gvx" for + generalized (where b is not None) problems. See the Notes section of + `scipy.linalg.eigh`. + + Returns + ------- + w : (N,) ndarray + The N (N<=M) selected eigenvalues, in ascending order, each + repeated according to its multiplicity. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge, an error occurred, or + b matrix is not definite positive. Note that if input matrices are + not symmetric or Hermitian, no error will be reported but results will + be wrong. + + See Also + -------- + eigh : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian arrays + eigvals : eigenvalues of general arrays + eigvals_banded : eigenvalues for symmetric/Hermitian band matrices + eigvalsh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues of symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal + matrices + + Notes + ----- + This function does not check the input array for being Hermitian/symmetric + in order to allow for representing arrays with only their upper/lower + triangular parts. + + This function serves as a one-liner shorthand for `scipy.linalg.eigh` with + the option ``eigvals_only=True`` to get the eigenvalues and not the + eigenvectors. Here it is kept as a legacy convenience. It might be + beneficial to use the main function to have full control and to be a bit + more pythonic. + + Examples + -------- + For more examples see `scipy.linalg.eigh`. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigvalsh + >>> A = np.array([[6, 3, 1, 5], [3, 0, 5, 1], [1, 5, 6, 2], [5, 1, 2, 2]]) + >>> w = eigvalsh(A) + >>> w + array([-3.74637491, -0.76263923, 6.08502336, 12.42399079]) + + """ + return eigh(a, b=b, lower=lower, eigvals_only=True, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b, type=type, check_finite=check_finite, + subset_by_index=subset_by_index, subset_by_value=subset_by_value, + driver=driver) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a_band', 2)) +def eigvals_banded(a_band, lower=False, overwrite_a_band=False, + select='a', select_range=None, check_finite=True): + """ + Solve real symmetric or complex Hermitian band matrix eigenvalue problem. + + Find eigenvalues w of a:: + + a v[:,i] = w[i] v[:,i] + v.H v = identity + + The matrix a is stored in a_band either in lower diagonal or upper + diagonal ordered form: + + a_band[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if upper form; i <= j) + a_band[ i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if lower form; i >= j) + + where u is the number of bands above the diagonal. + + Example of a_band (shape of a is (6,6), u=2):: + + upper form: + * * a02 a13 a24 a35 + * a01 a12 a23 a34 a45 + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + + lower form: + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + a10 a21 a32 a43 a54 * + a20 a31 a42 a53 * * + + Cells marked with * are not used. + + Parameters + ---------- + a_band : (u+1, M) array_like + The bands of the M by M matrix a. + lower : bool, optional + Is the matrix in the lower form. (Default is upper form) + overwrite_a_band : bool, optional + Discard data in a_band (may enhance performance) + select : {'a', 'v', 'i'}, optional + Which eigenvalues to calculate + + ====== ======================================== + select calculated + ====== ======================================== + 'a' All eigenvalues + 'v' Eigenvalues in the interval (min, max] + 'i' Eigenvalues with indices min <= i <= max + ====== ======================================== + select_range : (min, max), optional + Range of selected eigenvalues + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) ndarray + The eigenvalues, in ascending order, each repeated according to its + multiplicity. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + eig_banded : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian + band matrices + eigvalsh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues of symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal + matrices + eigvals : eigenvalues of general arrays + eigh : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian arrays + eig : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for non-symmetric arrays + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigvals_banded + >>> A = np.array([[1, 5, 2, 0], [5, 2, 5, 2], [2, 5, 3, 5], [0, 2, 5, 4]]) + >>> Ab = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 5, 5, 0], [2, 2, 0, 0]]) + >>> w = eigvals_banded(Ab, lower=True) + >>> w + array([-4.26200532, -2.22987175, 3.95222349, 12.53965359]) + """ + return eig_banded(a_band, lower=lower, eigvals_only=1, + overwrite_a_band=overwrite_a_band, select=select, + select_range=select_range, check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('d', 1), ('e', 1)) +def eigvalsh_tridiagonal(d, e, select='a', select_range=None, + check_finite=True, tol=0., lapack_driver='auto'): + """ + Solve eigenvalue problem for a real symmetric tridiagonal matrix. + + Find eigenvalues `w` of ``a``:: + + a v[:,i] = w[i] v[:,i] + v.H v = identity + + For a real symmetric matrix ``a`` with diagonal elements `d` and + off-diagonal elements `e`. + + Parameters + ---------- + d : ndarray, shape (ndim,) + The diagonal elements of the array. + e : ndarray, shape (ndim-1,) + The off-diagonal elements of the array. + select : {'a', 'v', 'i'}, optional + Which eigenvalues to calculate + + ====== ======================================== + select calculated + ====== ======================================== + 'a' All eigenvalues + 'v' Eigenvalues in the interval (min, max] + 'i' Eigenvalues with indices min <= i <= max + ====== ======================================== + select_range : (min, max), optional + Range of selected eigenvalues + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + tol : float + The absolute tolerance to which each eigenvalue is required + (only used when ``lapack_driver='stebz'``). + An eigenvalue (or cluster) is considered to have converged if it + lies in an interval of this width. If <= 0. (default), + the value ``eps*|a|`` is used where eps is the machine precision, + and ``|a|`` is the 1-norm of the matrix ``a``. + lapack_driver : str + LAPACK function to use, can be 'auto', 'stemr', 'stebz', 'sterf', + 'stev', or 'stevd'. When 'auto' (default), it will use 'stevd' if + ``select='a'`` and 'stebz' otherwise. 'sterf' and 'stev' can only + be used when ``select='a'``. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) ndarray + The eigenvalues, in ascending order, each repeated according to its + multiplicity. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + eigh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for + symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal matrices + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigvalsh_tridiagonal, eigvalsh + >>> d = 3*np.ones(4) + >>> e = -1*np.ones(3) + >>> w = eigvalsh_tridiagonal(d, e) + >>> A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, k=1) + np.diag(e, k=-1) + >>> w2 = eigvalsh(A) # Verify with other eigenvalue routines + >>> np.allclose(w - w2, np.zeros(4)) + True + """ + return eigh_tridiagonal( + d, e, eigvals_only=True, select=select, select_range=select_range, + check_finite=check_finite, tol=tol, lapack_driver=lapack_driver) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('d', 1), ('e', 1)) +def eigh_tridiagonal(d, e, eigvals_only=False, select='a', select_range=None, + check_finite=True, tol=0., lapack_driver='auto'): + """ + Solve eigenvalue problem for a real symmetric tridiagonal matrix. + + Find eigenvalues `w` and optionally right eigenvectors `v` of ``a``:: + + a v[:,i] = w[i] v[:,i] + v.H v = identity + + For a real symmetric matrix ``a`` with diagonal elements `d` and + off-diagonal elements `e`. + + Parameters + ---------- + d : ndarray, shape (ndim,) + The diagonal elements of the array. + e : ndarray, shape (ndim-1,) + The off-diagonal elements of the array. + eigvals_only : bool, optional + Compute only the eigenvalues and no eigenvectors. + (Default: calculate also eigenvectors) + select : {'a', 'v', 'i'}, optional + Which eigenvalues to calculate + + ====== ======================================== + select calculated + ====== ======================================== + 'a' All eigenvalues + 'v' Eigenvalues in the interval (min, max] + 'i' Eigenvalues with indices min <= i <= max + ====== ======================================== + select_range : (min, max), optional + Range of selected eigenvalues + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + tol : float + The absolute tolerance to which each eigenvalue is required + (only used when 'stebz' is the `lapack_driver`). + An eigenvalue (or cluster) is considered to have converged if it + lies in an interval of this width. If <= 0. (default), + the value ``eps*|a|`` is used where eps is the machine precision, + and ``|a|`` is the 1-norm of the matrix ``a``. + lapack_driver : str + LAPACK function to use, can be 'auto', 'stemr', 'stebz', 'sterf', + 'stev', or 'stevd'. When 'auto' (default), it will use 'stevd' if ``select='a'`` + and 'stebz' otherwise. When 'stebz' is used to find the eigenvalues and + ``eigvals_only=False``, then a second LAPACK call (to ``?STEIN``) is + used to find the corresponding eigenvectors. 'sterf' can only be + used when ``eigvals_only=True`` and ``select='a'``. 'stev' can only + be used when ``select='a'``. + + Returns + ------- + w : (M,) ndarray + The eigenvalues, in ascending order, each repeated according to its + multiplicity. + v : (M, M) ndarray + The normalized eigenvector corresponding to the eigenvalue ``w[i]`` is + the column ``v[:,i]``. Only returned if ``eigvals_only=False``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If eigenvalue computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + eigvalsh_tridiagonal : eigenvalues of symmetric/Hermitian tridiagonal + matrices + eig : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for non-symmetric arrays + eigh : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian arrays + eig_banded : eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for symmetric/Hermitian + band matrices + + Notes + ----- + This function makes use of LAPACK ``S/DSTEMR`` routines. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigh_tridiagonal + >>> d = 3*np.ones(4) + >>> e = -1*np.ones(3) + >>> w, v = eigh_tridiagonal(d, e) + >>> A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, k=1) + np.diag(e, k=-1) + >>> np.allclose(A @ v - v @ np.diag(w), np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + """ + d = _asarray_validated(d, check_finite=check_finite) + e = _asarray_validated(e, check_finite=check_finite) + for check in (d, e): + if check.ndim != 1: + raise ValueError('expected a 1-D array') + if check.dtype.char in 'GFD': # complex + raise TypeError('Only real arrays currently supported') + if d.size != e.size + 1: + raise ValueError(f'd ({d.size}) must have one more element than e ({e.size})') + select, vl, vu, il, iu, _ = _check_select( + select, select_range, 0, d.size) + if not isinstance(lapack_driver, str): + raise TypeError('lapack_driver must be str') + drivers = ('auto', 'stemr', 'sterf', 'stebz', 'stev', 'stevd') + if lapack_driver not in drivers: + raise ValueError(f'lapack_driver must be one of {drivers}, ' + f'got {lapack_driver}') + if lapack_driver == 'auto': + lapack_driver = 'stevd' if select == 0 else 'stebz' + + # Quick exit for 1x1 case + if len(d) == 1: + if select == 1 and (not (vl < d[0] <= vu)): # request by value + w = array([]) + v = empty([1, 0], dtype=d.dtype) + else: # all and request by index + w = array([d[0]], dtype=d.dtype) + v = array([[1.]], dtype=d.dtype) + + if eigvals_only: + return w + else: + return w, v + + func, = get_lapack_funcs((lapack_driver,), (d, e)) + compute_v = not eigvals_only + if lapack_driver == 'sterf': + if select != 0: + raise ValueError('sterf can only be used when select == "a"') + if not eigvals_only: + raise ValueError('sterf can only be used when eigvals_only is ' + 'True') + w, info = func(d, e) + m = len(w) + elif lapack_driver == 'stev': + if select != 0: + raise ValueError('stev can only be used when select == "a"') + w, v, info = func(d, e, compute_v=compute_v) + m = len(w) + elif lapack_driver == 'stevd': + if select != 0: + raise ValueError('stevd can only be used when select == "a"') + w, v, info = func(d, e, compute_v=compute_v) + m = len(w) + elif lapack_driver == 'stebz': + tol = float(tol) + internal_name = 'stebz' + stebz, = get_lapack_funcs((internal_name,), (d, e)) + # If getting eigenvectors, needs to be block-ordered (B) instead of + # matrix-ordered (E), and we will reorder later + order = 'E' if eigvals_only else 'B' + m, w, iblock, isplit, info = stebz(d, e, select, vl, vu, il, iu, tol, + order) + else: # 'stemr' + # ?STEMR annoyingly requires size N instead of N-1 + e_ = empty(e.size+1, e.dtype) + e_[:-1] = e + stemr_lwork, = get_lapack_funcs(('stemr_lwork',), (d, e)) + lwork, liwork, info = stemr_lwork(d, e_, select, vl, vu, il, iu, + compute_v=compute_v) + _check_info(info, 'stemr_lwork') + m, w, v, info = func(d, e_, select, vl, vu, il, iu, + compute_v=compute_v, lwork=lwork, liwork=liwork) + _check_info(info, lapack_driver + ' (eigh_tridiagonal)') + w = w[:m] + if eigvals_only: + return w + else: + # Do we still need to compute the eigenvalues? + if lapack_driver == 'stebz': + func, = get_lapack_funcs(('stein',), (d, e)) + v, info = func(d, e, w, iblock, isplit) + _check_info(info, 'stein (eigh_tridiagonal)', + positive='%d eigenvectors failed to converge') + # Convert block-order to matrix-order + order = argsort(w) + w, v = w[order], v[:, order] + else: + v = v[:, :m] + return w, v + + +def _check_info(info, driver, positive='did not converge (LAPACK info=%d)'): + """Check info return value.""" + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in argument {-info} of internal {driver}') + if info > 0 and positive: + raise LinAlgError(("%s " + positive) % (driver, info,)) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def hessenberg(a, calc_q=False, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute Hessenberg form of a matrix. + + The Hessenberg decomposition is:: + + A = Q H Q^H + + where `Q` is unitary/orthogonal and `H` has only zero elements below + the first sub-diagonal. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Matrix to bring into Hessenberg form. + calc_q : bool, optional + Whether to compute the transformation matrix. Default is False. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `a`; may improve performance. + Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + H : (M, M) ndarray + Hessenberg form of `a`. + Q : (M, M) ndarray + Unitary/orthogonal similarity transformation matrix ``A = Q H Q^H``. + Only returned if ``calc_q=True``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import hessenberg + >>> A = np.array([[2, 5, 8, 7], [5, 2, 2, 8], [7, 5, 6, 6], [5, 4, 4, 8]]) + >>> H, Q = hessenberg(A, calc_q=True) + >>> H + array([[ 2. , -11.65843866, 1.42005301, 0.25349066], + [ -9.94987437, 14.53535354, -5.31022304, 2.43081618], + [ 0. , -1.83299243, 0.38969961, -0.51527034], + [ 0. , 0. , -3.83189513, 1.07494686]]) + >>> np.allclose(Q @ H @ Q.conj().T - A, np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + if len(a1.shape) != 2 or (a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]): + raise ValueError('expected square matrix') + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + + if a1.size == 0: + h3 = hessenberg(np.eye(3, dtype=a1.dtype)) + h = np.empty(a1.shape, dtype=h3.dtype) + if not calc_q: + return h + else: + h3, q3 = hessenberg(np.eye(3, dtype=a1.dtype), calc_q=True) + q = np.empty(a1.shape, dtype=q3.dtype) + h = np.empty(a1.shape, dtype=h3.dtype) + return h, q + + # if 2x2 or smaller: already in Hessenberg + if a1.shape[0] <= 2: + if calc_q: + return a1, eye(a1.shape[0]) + return a1 + + gehrd, gebal, gehrd_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gehrd', 'gebal', + 'gehrd_lwork'), (a1,)) + ba, lo, hi, pivscale, info = gebal(a1, permute=0, overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + _check_info(info, 'gebal (hessenberg)', positive=False) + n = len(a1) + + lwork = _compute_lwork(gehrd_lwork, ba.shape[0], lo=lo, hi=hi) + + hq, tau, info = gehrd(ba, lo=lo, hi=hi, lwork=lwork, overwrite_a=1) + _check_info(info, 'gehrd (hessenberg)', positive=False) + h = np.triu(hq, -1) + if not calc_q: + return h + + # use orghr/unghr to compute q + orghr, orghr_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('orghr', 'orghr_lwork'), (a1,)) + lwork = _compute_lwork(orghr_lwork, n, lo=lo, hi=hi) + + q, info = orghr(a=hq, tau=tau, lo=lo, hi=hi, lwork=lwork, overwrite_a=1) + _check_info(info, 'orghr (hessenberg)', positive=False) + return h, q + + +def cdf2rdf(w, v): + """ + Complex diagonal form to real diagonal block form. + + Converts complex eigenvalues ``w`` and eigenvectors ``v`` to real + eigenvalues in a block diagonal form ``wr`` and the associated real + eigenvectors ``vr``, such that:: + + vr @ wr = X @ vr + + continues to hold, where ``X`` is the original array for which ``w`` and + ``v`` are the eigenvalues and eigenvectors. + + .. versionadded:: 1.1.0 + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + w : (..., M) array_like + Complex or real eigenvalues, an array or stack of arrays + + Conjugate pairs must not be interleaved, else the wrong result + will be produced. So ``[1+1j, 1, 1-1j]`` will give a correct result, + but ``[1+1j, 2+1j, 1-1j, 2-1j]`` will not. + + v : (..., M, M) array_like + Complex or real eigenvectors, a square array or stack of square arrays. + + Returns + ------- + wr : (..., M, M) ndarray + Real diagonal block form of eigenvalues + vr : (..., M, M) ndarray + Real eigenvectors associated with ``wr`` + + See Also + -------- + eig : Eigenvalues and right eigenvectors for non-symmetric arrays + rsf2csf : Convert real Schur form to complex Schur form + + Notes + ----- + ``w``, ``v`` must be the eigenstructure for some *real* matrix ``X``. + For example, obtained by ``w, v = scipy.linalg.eig(X)`` or + ``w, v = numpy.linalg.eig(X)`` in which case ``X`` can also represent + stacked arrays. + + .. versionadded:: 1.1.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> X = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [0, -5, 4]]) + >>> X + array([[ 1, 2, 3], + [ 0, 4, 5], + [ 0, -5, 4]]) + + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> w, v = linalg.eig(X) + >>> w + array([ 1.+0.j, 4.+5.j, 4.-5.j]) + >>> v + array([[ 1.00000+0.j , -0.01906-0.40016j, -0.01906+0.40016j], + [ 0.00000+0.j , 0.00000-0.64788j, 0.00000+0.64788j], + [ 0.00000+0.j , 0.64788+0.j , 0.64788-0.j ]]) + + >>> wr, vr = linalg.cdf2rdf(w, v) + >>> wr + array([[ 1., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 4., 5.], + [ 0., -5., 4.]]) + >>> vr + array([[ 1. , 0.40016, -0.01906], + [ 0. , 0.64788, 0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 0.64788]]) + + >>> vr @ wr + array([[ 1. , 1.69593, 1.9246 ], + [ 0. , 2.59153, 3.23942], + [ 0. , -3.23942, 2.59153]]) + >>> X @ vr + array([[ 1. , 1.69593, 1.9246 ], + [ 0. , 2.59153, 3.23942], + [ 0. , -3.23942, 2.59153]]) + """ + w, v = _asarray_validated(w), _asarray_validated(v) + + # check dimensions + if w.ndim < 1: + raise ValueError('expected w to be at least 1D') + if v.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError('expected v to be at least 2D') + if v.ndim != w.ndim + 1: + raise ValueError('expected eigenvectors array to have exactly one ' + 'dimension more than eigenvalues array') + + # check shapes + n = w.shape[-1] + M = w.shape[:-1] + if v.shape[-2] != v.shape[-1]: + raise ValueError('expected v to be a square matrix or stacked square ' + 'matrices: v.shape[-2] = v.shape[-1]') + if v.shape[-1] != n: + raise ValueError('expected the same number of eigenvalues as ' + 'eigenvectors') + + # get indices for each first pair of complex eigenvalues + complex_mask = iscomplex(w) + n_complex = complex_mask.sum(axis=-1) + + # check if all complex eigenvalues have conjugate pairs + if not (n_complex % 2 == 0).all(): + raise ValueError('expected complex-conjugate pairs of eigenvalues') + + # find complex indices + idx = nonzero(complex_mask) + idx_stack = idx[:-1] + idx_elem = idx[-1] + + # filter them to conjugate indices, assuming pairs are not interleaved + j = idx_elem[0::2] + k = idx_elem[1::2] + stack_ind = () + for i in idx_stack: + # should never happen, assuming nonzero orders by the last axis + assert (i[0::2] == i[1::2]).all(), \ + "Conjugate pair spanned different arrays!" + stack_ind += (i[0::2],) + + # all eigenvalues to diagonal form + wr = zeros(M + (n, n), dtype=w.real.dtype) + di = range(n) + wr[..., di, di] = w.real + + # complex eigenvalues to real block diagonal form + wr[stack_ind + (j, k)] = w[stack_ind + (j,)].imag + wr[stack_ind + (k, j)] = w[stack_ind + (k,)].imag + + # compute real eigenvectors associated with real block diagonal eigenvalues + u = zeros(M + (n, n), dtype=np.cdouble) + u[..., di, di] = 1.0 + u[stack_ind + (j, j)] = 0.5j + u[stack_ind + (j, k)] = 0.5 + u[stack_ind + (k, j)] = -0.5j + u[stack_ind + (k, k)] = 0.5 + + # multiply matrices v and u (equivalent to v @ u) + vr = einsum('...ij,...jk->...ik', v, u).real + + return wr, vr diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cholesky.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cholesky.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7329b1fb2c9d4ec7eaa64191ba3752d37bdcbf6 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cholesky.py @@ -0,0 +1,423 @@ +"""Cholesky decomposition functions.""" + +import numpy as np +from numpy import asarray_chkfinite, asarray, atleast_2d, empty_like + +# Local imports +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs + +__all__ = ['cholesky', 'cho_factor', 'cho_solve', 'cholesky_banded', + 'cho_solve_banded'] + + +def _cholesky(a, lower=False, overwrite_a=False, clean=True, + check_finite=True): + """Common code for cholesky() and cho_factor().""" + + a1 = asarray_chkfinite(a) if check_finite else asarray(a) + a1 = atleast_2d(a1) + + # Dimension check + if a1.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError(f'Input array needs to be 2D but received a {a1.ndim}d-array.') + # Squareness check + if a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('Input array is expected to be square but has ' + f'the shape: {a1.shape}.') + + # Quick return for square empty array + if a1.size == 0: + dt = cholesky(np.eye(1, dtype=a1.dtype)).dtype + return empty_like(a1, dtype=dt), lower + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or _datacopied(a1, a) + potrf, = get_lapack_funcs(('potrf',), (a1,)) + c, info = potrf(a1, lower=lower, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, clean=clean) + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError( + f"{info}-th leading minor of the array is not positive definite" + ) + if info < 0: + raise ValueError( + f'LAPACK reported an illegal value in {-info}-th argument ' + f'on entry to "POTRF".' + ) + return c, lower + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def cholesky(a, lower=False, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the Cholesky decomposition of a matrix. + + Returns the Cholesky decomposition, :math:`A = L L^*` or + :math:`A = U^* U` of a Hermitian positive-definite matrix A. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Matrix to be decomposed + lower : bool, optional + Whether to compute the upper- or lower-triangular Cholesky + factorization. During decomposition, only the selected half of the + matrix is referenced. Default is upper-triangular. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in `a` (may improve performance). + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the entire input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + c : (M, M) ndarray + Upper- or lower-triangular Cholesky factor of `a`. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError : if decomposition fails. + + Notes + ----- + During the finiteness check (if selected), the entire matrix `a` is + checked. During decomposition, `a` is assumed to be symmetric or Hermitian + (as applicable), and only the half selected by option `lower` is referenced. + Consequently, if `a` is asymmetric/non-Hermitian, `cholesky` may still + succeed if the symmetric/Hermitian matrix represented by the selected half + is positive definite, yet it may fail if an element in the other half is + non-finite. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cholesky + >>> a = np.array([[1,-2j],[2j,5]]) + >>> L = cholesky(a, lower=True) + >>> L + array([[ 1.+0.j, 0.+0.j], + [ 0.+2.j, 1.+0.j]]) + >>> L @ L.T.conj() + array([[ 1.+0.j, 0.-2.j], + [ 0.+2.j, 5.+0.j]]) + + """ + c, lower = _cholesky(a, lower=lower, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, clean=True, + check_finite=check_finite) + return c + + +@_apply_over_batch(("a", 2)) +def cho_factor(a, lower=False, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the Cholesky decomposition of a matrix, to use in cho_solve + + Returns a matrix containing the Cholesky decomposition, + ``A = L L*`` or ``A = U* U`` of a Hermitian positive-definite matrix `a`. + The return value can be directly used as the first parameter to cho_solve. + + .. warning:: + The returned matrix also contains random data in the entries not + used by the Cholesky decomposition. If you need to zero these + entries, use the function `cholesky` instead. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Matrix to be decomposed + lower : bool, optional + Whether to compute the upper or lower triangular Cholesky factorization. + During decomposition, only the selected half of the matrix is referenced. + (Default: upper-triangular) + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in a (may improve performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the entire input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + c : (M, M) ndarray + Matrix whose upper or lower triangle contains the Cholesky factor + of `a`. Other parts of the matrix contain random data. + lower : bool + Flag indicating whether the factor is in the lower or upper triangle + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + Raised if decomposition fails. + + See Also + -------- + cho_solve : Solve a linear set equations using the Cholesky factorization + of a matrix. + + Notes + ----- + During the finiteness check (if selected), the entire matrix `a` is + checked. During decomposition, `a` is assumed to be symmetric or Hermitian + (as applicable), and only the half selected by option `lower` is referenced. + Consequently, if `a` is asymmetric/non-Hermitian, `cholesky` may still + succeed if the symmetric/Hermitian matrix represented by the selected half + is positive definite, yet it may fail if an element in the other half is + non-finite. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cho_factor + >>> A = np.array([[9, 3, 1, 5], [3, 7, 5, 1], [1, 5, 9, 2], [5, 1, 2, 6]]) + >>> c, low = cho_factor(A) + >>> c + array([[3. , 1. , 0.33333333, 1.66666667], + [3. , 2.44948974, 1.90515869, -0.27216553], + [1. , 5. , 2.29330749, 0.8559528 ], + [5. , 1. , 2. , 1.55418563]]) + >>> np.allclose(np.triu(c).T @ np. triu(c) - A, np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + + """ + c, lower = _cholesky(a, lower=lower, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, clean=False, + check_finite=check_finite) + return c, lower + + +def cho_solve(c_and_lower, b, overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """Solve the linear equations A x = b, given the Cholesky factorization of A. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + (c, lower) : tuple, (array, bool) + Cholesky factorization of a, as given by cho_factor + b : array + Right-hand side + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in b (may improve performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : array + The solution to the system A x = b + + See Also + -------- + cho_factor : Cholesky factorization of a matrix + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cho_factor, cho_solve + >>> A = np.array([[9, 3, 1, 5], [3, 7, 5, 1], [1, 5, 9, 2], [5, 1, 2, 6]]) + >>> c, low = cho_factor(A) + >>> x = cho_solve((c, low), [1, 1, 1, 1]) + >>> np.allclose(A @ x - [1, 1, 1, 1], np.zeros(4)) + True + + """ + c, lower = c_and_lower + return _cho_solve(c, b, lower, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('c', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def _cho_solve(c, b, lower, overwrite_b, check_finite): + if check_finite: + b1 = asarray_chkfinite(b) + c = asarray_chkfinite(c) + else: + b1 = asarray(b) + c = asarray(c) + + if c.ndim != 2 or c.shape[0] != c.shape[1]: + raise ValueError("The factored matrix c is not square.") + if c.shape[1] != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f"incompatible dimensions ({c.shape} and {b1.shape})") + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + dt = cho_solve((np.eye(2, dtype=b1.dtype), True), + np.ones(2, dtype=c.dtype)).dtype + return empty_like(b1, dtype=dt) + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + + potrs, = get_lapack_funcs(('potrs',), (c, b1)) + x, info = potrs(c, b1, lower=lower, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + if info != 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal potrs') + return x + + +@_apply_over_batch(("ab", 2)) +def cholesky_banded(ab, overwrite_ab=False, lower=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Cholesky decompose a banded Hermitian positive-definite matrix + + The matrix a is stored in ab either in lower-diagonal or upper- + diagonal ordered form:: + + ab[u + i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if upper form; i <= j) + ab[ i - j, j] == a[i,j] (if lower form; i >= j) + + Example of ab (shape of a is (6,6), u=2):: + + upper form: + * * a02 a13 a24 a35 + * a01 a12 a23 a34 a45 + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + + lower form: + a00 a11 a22 a33 a44 a55 + a10 a21 a32 a43 a54 * + a20 a31 a42 a53 * * + + Parameters + ---------- + ab : (u + 1, M) array_like + Banded matrix + overwrite_ab : bool, optional + Discard data in ab (may enhance performance) + lower : bool, optional + Is the matrix in the lower form. (Default is upper form) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + c : (u + 1, M) ndarray + Cholesky factorization of a, in the same banded format as ab + + See Also + -------- + cho_solve_banded : + Solve a linear set equations, given the Cholesky factorization + of a banded Hermitian. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cholesky_banded + >>> from numpy import allclose, zeros, diag + >>> Ab = np.array([[0, 0, 1j, 2, 3j], [0, -1, -2, 3, 4], [9, 8, 7, 6, 9]]) + >>> A = np.diag(Ab[0,2:], k=2) + np.diag(Ab[1,1:], k=1) + >>> A = A + A.conj().T + np.diag(Ab[2, :]) + >>> c = cholesky_banded(Ab) + >>> C = np.diag(c[0, 2:], k=2) + np.diag(c[1, 1:], k=1) + np.diag(c[2, :]) + >>> np.allclose(C.conj().T @ C - A, np.zeros((5, 5))) + True + + """ + if check_finite: + ab = asarray_chkfinite(ab) + else: + ab = asarray(ab) + + # accommodate square empty matrices + if ab.size == 0: + dt = cholesky_banded(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]], dtype=ab.dtype)).dtype + return empty_like(ab, dtype=dt) + + pbtrf, = get_lapack_funcs(('pbtrf',), (ab,)) + c, info = pbtrf(ab, lower=lower, overwrite_ab=overwrite_ab) + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"{info}-th leading minor not positive definite") + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {info}-th argument of internal pbtrf') + return c + + +def cho_solve_banded(cb_and_lower, b, overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Solve the linear equations ``A x = b``, given the Cholesky factorization of + the banded Hermitian ``A``. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + (cb, lower) : tuple, (ndarray, bool) + `cb` is the Cholesky factorization of A, as given by cholesky_banded. + `lower` must be the same value that was given to cholesky_banded. + b : array_like + Right-hand side + overwrite_b : bool, optional + If True, the function will overwrite the values in `b`. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : array + The solution to the system A x = b + + See Also + -------- + cholesky_banded : Cholesky factorization of a banded matrix + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.8.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cholesky_banded, cho_solve_banded + >>> Ab = np.array([[0, 0, 1j, 2, 3j], [0, -1, -2, 3, 4], [9, 8, 7, 6, 9]]) + >>> A = np.diag(Ab[0,2:], k=2) + np.diag(Ab[1,1:], k=1) + >>> A = A + A.conj().T + np.diag(Ab[2, :]) + >>> c = cholesky_banded(Ab) + >>> x = cho_solve_banded((c, False), np.ones(5)) + >>> np.allclose(A @ x - np.ones(5), np.zeros(5)) + True + + """ + (cb, lower) = cb_and_lower + return _cho_solve_banded(cb, b, lower, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('cb', 2), ('b', '1|2')) +def _cho_solve_banded(cb, b, lower, overwrite_b, check_finite): + if check_finite: + cb = asarray_chkfinite(cb) + b = asarray_chkfinite(b) + else: + cb = asarray(cb) + b = asarray(b) + + # Validate shapes. + if cb.shape[-1] != b.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("shapes of cb and b are not compatible.") + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b.size == 0: + m = cholesky_banded(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]], dtype=cb.dtype)) + dt = cho_solve_banded((m, True), np.ones(2, dtype=b.dtype)).dtype + return empty_like(b, dtype=dt) + + pbtrs, = get_lapack_funcs(('pbtrs',), (cb, b)) + x, info = pbtrs(cb, b, lower=lower, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"{info}th leading minor not positive definite") + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal pbtrs') + return x diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cossin.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cossin.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ccf6f62443913cce4f396a1eed22958de126e4ae --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_cossin.py @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ +from collections.abc import Iterable +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._util import _asarray_validated, _apply_over_batch +from scipy.linalg import block_diag, LinAlgError +from .lapack import _compute_lwork, get_lapack_funcs + +__all__ = ['cossin'] + + +def cossin(X, p=None, q=None, separate=False, + swap_sign=False, compute_u=True, compute_vh=True): + """ + Compute the cosine-sine (CS) decomposition of an orthogonal/unitary matrix. + + X is an ``(m, m)`` orthogonal/unitary matrix, partitioned as the following + where upper left block has the shape of ``(p, q)``:: + + ┌ ┐ + │ I 0 0 │ 0 0 0 │ + ┌ ┐ ┌ ┐│ 0 C 0 │ 0 -S 0 │┌ ┐* + │ X11 │ X12 │ │ U1 │ ││ 0 0 0 │ 0 0 -I ││ V1 │ │ + │ ────┼──── │ = │────┼────││─────────┼─────────││────┼────│ + │ X21 │ X22 │ │ │ U2 ││ 0 0 0 │ I 0 0 ││ │ V2 │ + └ ┘ └ ┘│ 0 S 0 │ 0 C 0 │└ ┘ + │ 0 0 I │ 0 0 0 │ + └ ┘ + + ``U1``, ``U2``, ``V1``, ``V2`` are square orthogonal/unitary matrices of + dimensions ``(p,p)``, ``(m-p,m-p)``, ``(q,q)``, and ``(m-q,m-q)`` + respectively, and ``C`` and ``S`` are ``(r, r)`` nonnegative diagonal + matrices satisfying ``C^2 + S^2 = I`` where ``r = min(p, m-p, q, m-q)``. + + Moreover, the rank of the identity matrices are ``min(p, q) - r``, + ``min(p, m - q) - r``, ``min(m - p, q) - r``, and ``min(m - p, m - q) - r`` + respectively. + + X can be supplied either by itself and block specifications p, q or its + subblocks in an iterable from which the shapes would be derived. See the + examples below. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + X : array_like, iterable + complex unitary or real orthogonal matrix to be decomposed, or iterable + of subblocks ``X11``, ``X12``, ``X21``, ``X22``, when ``p``, ``q`` are + omitted. + p : int, optional + Number of rows of the upper left block ``X11``, used only when X is + given as an array. + q : int, optional + Number of columns of the upper left block ``X11``, used only when X is + given as an array. + separate : bool, optional + if ``True``, the low level components are returned instead of the + matrix factors, i.e. ``(u1,u2)``, ``theta``, ``(v1h,v2h)`` instead of + ``u``, ``cs``, ``vh``. + swap_sign : bool, optional + if ``True``, the ``-S``, ``-I`` block will be the bottom left, + otherwise (by default) they will be in the upper right block. + compute_u : bool, optional + if ``False``, ``u`` won't be computed and an empty array is returned. + compute_vh : bool, optional + if ``False``, ``vh`` won't be computed and an empty array is returned. + + Returns + ------- + u : ndarray + When ``compute_u=True``, contains the block diagonal orthogonal/unitary + matrix consisting of the blocks ``U1`` (``p`` x ``p``) and ``U2`` + (``m-p`` x ``m-p``) orthogonal/unitary matrices. If ``separate=True``, + this contains the tuple of ``(U1, U2)``. + cs : ndarray + The cosine-sine factor with the structure described above. + If ``separate=True``, this contains the ``theta`` array containing the + angles in radians. + vh : ndarray + When ``compute_vh=True`, contains the block diagonal orthogonal/unitary + matrix consisting of the blocks ``V1H`` (``q`` x ``q``) and ``V2H`` + (``m-q`` x ``m-q``) orthogonal/unitary matrices. If ``separate=True``, + this contains the tuple of ``(V1H, V2H)``. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Brian D. Sutton. Computing the complete CS decomposition. Numer. + Algorithms, 50(1):33-65, 2009. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import cossin + >>> from scipy.stats import unitary_group + >>> x = unitary_group.rvs(4) + >>> u, cs, vdh = cossin(x, p=2, q=2) + >>> np.allclose(x, u @ cs @ vdh) + True + + Same can be entered via subblocks without the need of ``p`` and ``q``. Also + let's skip the computation of ``u`` + + >>> ue, cs, vdh = cossin((x[:2, :2], x[:2, 2:], x[2:, :2], x[2:, 2:]), + ... compute_u=False) + >>> print(ue) + [] + >>> np.allclose(x, u @ cs @ vdh) + True + + """ + + if p or q: + p = 1 if p is None else int(p) + q = 1 if q is None else int(q) + X = _asarray_validated(X, check_finite=True) + if not np.equal(*X.shape[-2:]): + raise ValueError("Cosine Sine decomposition only supports square" + f" matrices, got {X.shape[-2:]}") + m = X.shape[-2] + if p >= m or p <= 0: + raise ValueError(f"invalid p={p}, 0= m or q <= 0: + raise ValueError(f"invalid q={q}, 0 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"{method_name} did not converge: {info}") + + if separate: + return (u1, u2), theta, (v1h, v2h) + + U = block_diag(u1, u2) + VDH = block_diag(v1h, v2h) + + # Construct the middle factor CS + c = np.diag(np.cos(theta)) + s = np.diag(np.sin(theta)) + r = min(p, q, m - p, m - q) + n11 = min(p, q) - r + n12 = min(p, m - q) - r + n21 = min(m - p, q) - r + n22 = min(m - p, m - q) - r + Id = np.eye(np.max([n11, n12, n21, n22, r]), dtype=theta.dtype) + CS = np.zeros((m, m), dtype=theta.dtype) + + CS[:n11, :n11] = Id[:n11, :n11] + + xs = n11 + r + xe = n11 + r + n12 + ys = n11 + n21 + n22 + 2 * r + ye = n11 + n21 + n22 + 2 * r + n12 + CS[xs: xe, ys:ye] = Id[:n12, :n12] if swap_sign else -Id[:n12, :n12] + + xs = p + n22 + r + xe = p + n22 + r + + n21 + ys = n11 + r + ye = n11 + r + n21 + CS[xs:xe, ys:ye] = -Id[:n21, :n21] if swap_sign else Id[:n21, :n21] + + CS[p:p + n22, q:q + n22] = Id[:n22, :n22] + CS[n11:n11 + r, n11:n11 + r] = c + CS[p + n22:p + n22 + r, n11 + r + n21 + n22:2 * r + n11 + n21 + n22] = c + + xs = n11 + xe = n11 + r + ys = n11 + n21 + n22 + r + ye = n11 + n21 + n22 + 2 * r + CS[xs:xe, ys:ye] = s if swap_sign else -s + + CS[p + n22:p + n22 + r, n11:n11 + r] = -s if swap_sign else s + + return U, CS, VDH diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_interpolative.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_interpolative.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cb54b3fe42e883a1f706f9b3bb5fac88cc89a7b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_interpolative.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:ee1dd7e236eb33b66e3785006ef70e9dd720b2c892bd83ac0e4eb06b1afc9a85 +size 550856 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_ldl.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_ldl.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37bf146f7fa8257f693a2c620c239da841b2e551 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_ldl.py @@ -0,0 +1,356 @@ +from warnings import warn + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (atleast_2d, arange, zeros_like, imag, diag, + iscomplexobj, tril, triu, argsort, empty_like) +from numpy.exceptions import ComplexWarning + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from ._decomp import _asarray_validated +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs, _compute_lwork + +__all__ = ['ldl'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def ldl(A, lower=True, hermitian=True, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ Computes the LDLt or Bunch-Kaufman factorization of a symmetric/ + hermitian matrix. + + This function returns a block diagonal matrix D consisting blocks of size + at most 2x2 and also a possibly permuted unit lower triangular matrix + ``L`` such that the factorization ``A = L D L^H`` or ``A = L D L^T`` + holds. If `lower` is False then (again possibly permuted) upper + triangular matrices are returned as outer factors. + + The permutation array can be used to triangularize the outer factors + simply by a row shuffle, i.e., ``lu[perm, :]`` is an upper/lower + triangular matrix. This is also equivalent to multiplication with a + permutation matrix ``P.dot(lu)``, where ``P`` is a column-permuted + identity matrix ``I[:, perm]``. + + Depending on the value of the boolean `lower`, only upper or lower + triangular part of the input array is referenced. Hence, a triangular + matrix on entry would give the same result as if the full matrix is + supplied. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : array_like + Square input array + lower : bool, optional + This switches between the lower and upper triangular outer factors of + the factorization. Lower triangular (``lower=True``) is the default. + hermitian : bool, optional + For complex-valued arrays, this defines whether ``A = A.conj().T`` or + ``A = A.T`` is assumed. For real-valued arrays, this switch has no + effect. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Allow overwriting data in `A` (may enhance performance). The default + is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + lu : ndarray + The (possibly) permuted upper/lower triangular outer factor of the + factorization. + d : ndarray + The block diagonal multiplier of the factorization. + perm : ndarray + The row-permutation index array that brings lu into triangular form. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If input array is not square. + ComplexWarning + If a complex-valued array with nonzero imaginary parts on the + diagonal is given and hermitian is set to True. + + See Also + -------- + cholesky, lu + + Notes + ----- + This function uses ``?SYTRF`` routines for symmetric matrices and + ``?HETRF`` routines for Hermitian matrices from LAPACK. See [1]_ for + the algorithm details. + + Depending on the `lower` keyword value, only lower or upper triangular + part of the input array is referenced. Moreover, this keyword also defines + the structure of the outer factors of the factorization. + + .. versionadded:: 1.1.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J.R. Bunch, L. Kaufman, Some stable methods for calculating + inertia and solving symmetric linear systems, Math. Comput. Vol.31, + 1977. :doi:`10.2307/2005787` + + Examples + -------- + Given an upper triangular array ``a`` that represents the full symmetric + array with its entries, obtain ``l``, 'd' and the permutation vector `perm`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import ldl + >>> a = np.array([[2, -1, 3], [0, 2, 0], [0, 0, 1]]) + >>> lu, d, perm = ldl(a, lower=0) # Use the upper part + >>> lu + array([[ 0. , 0. , 1. ], + [ 0. , 1. , -0.5], + [ 1. , 1. , 1.5]]) + >>> d + array([[-5. , 0. , 0. ], + [ 0. , 1.5, 0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 2. ]]) + >>> perm + array([2, 1, 0]) + >>> lu[perm, :] + array([[ 1. , 1. , 1.5], + [ 0. , 1. , -0.5], + [ 0. , 0. , 1. ]]) + >>> lu.dot(d).dot(lu.T) + array([[ 2., -1., 3.], + [-1., 2., 0.], + [ 3., 0., 1.]]) + + """ + a = atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(A, check_finite=check_finite)) + if a.shape[0] != a.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('The input array "a" should be square.') + # Return empty arrays for empty square input + if a.size == 0: + return empty_like(a), empty_like(a), np.array([], dtype=int) + + n = a.shape[0] + r_or_c = complex if iscomplexobj(a) else float + + # Get the LAPACK routine + if r_or_c is complex and hermitian: + s, sl = 'hetrf', 'hetrf_lwork' + if np.any(imag(diag(a))): + warn('scipy.linalg.ldl():\nThe imaginary parts of the diagonal' + 'are ignored. Use "hermitian=False" for factorization of' + 'complex symmetric arrays.', ComplexWarning, stacklevel=2) + else: + s, sl = 'sytrf', 'sytrf_lwork' + + solver, solver_lwork = get_lapack_funcs((s, sl), (a,)) + lwork = _compute_lwork(solver_lwork, n, lower=lower) + ldu, piv, info = solver(a, lwork=lwork, lower=lower, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'{s.upper()} exited with the internal error "illegal value ' + f'in argument number {-info}". See LAPACK documentation ' + 'for the error codes.') + + swap_arr, pivot_arr = _ldl_sanitize_ipiv(piv, lower=lower) + d, lu = _ldl_get_d_and_l(ldu, pivot_arr, lower=lower, hermitian=hermitian) + lu, perm = _ldl_construct_tri_factor(lu, swap_arr, pivot_arr, lower=lower) + + return lu, d, perm + + +def _ldl_sanitize_ipiv(a, lower=True): + """ + This helper function takes the rather strangely encoded permutation array + returned by the LAPACK routines ?(HE/SY)TRF and converts it into + regularized permutation and diagonal pivot size format. + + Since FORTRAN uses 1-indexing and LAPACK uses different start points for + upper and lower formats there are certain offsets in the indices used + below. + + Let's assume a result where the matrix is 6x6 and there are two 2x2 + and two 1x1 blocks reported by the routine. To ease the coding efforts, + we still populate a 6-sized array and fill zeros as the following :: + + pivots = [2, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1] + + This denotes a diagonal matrix of the form :: + + [x x ] + [x x ] + [ x x ] + [ x x ] + [ x ] + [ x] + + In other words, we write 2 when the 2x2 block is first encountered and + automatically write 0 to the next entry and skip the next spin of the + loop. Thus, a separate counter or array appends to keep track of block + sizes are avoided. If needed, zeros can be filtered out later without + losing the block structure. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : ndarray + The permutation array ipiv returned by LAPACK + lower : bool, optional + The switch to select whether upper or lower triangle is chosen in + the LAPACK call. + + Returns + ------- + swap_ : ndarray + The array that defines the row/column swap operations. For example, + if row two is swapped with row four, the result is [0, 3, 2, 3]. + pivots : ndarray + The array that defines the block diagonal structure as given above. + + """ + n = a.size + swap_ = arange(n) + pivots = zeros_like(swap_, dtype=int) + skip_2x2 = False + + # Some upper/lower dependent offset values + # range (s)tart, r(e)nd, r(i)ncrement + x, y, rs, re, ri = (1, 0, 0, n, 1) if lower else (-1, -1, n-1, -1, -1) + + for ind in range(rs, re, ri): + # If previous spin belonged already to a 2x2 block + if skip_2x2: + skip_2x2 = False + continue + + cur_val = a[ind] + # do we have a 1x1 block or not? + if cur_val > 0: + if cur_val != ind+1: + # Index value != array value --> permutation required + swap_[ind] = swap_[cur_val-1] + pivots[ind] = 1 + # Not. + elif cur_val < 0 and cur_val == a[ind+x]: + # first neg entry of 2x2 block identifier + if -cur_val != ind+2: + # Index value != array value --> permutation required + swap_[ind+x] = swap_[-cur_val-1] + pivots[ind+y] = 2 + skip_2x2 = True + else: # Doesn't make sense, give up + raise ValueError('While parsing the permutation array ' + 'in "scipy.linalg.ldl", invalid entries ' + 'found. The array syntax is invalid.') + return swap_, pivots + + +def _ldl_get_d_and_l(ldu, pivs, lower=True, hermitian=True): + """ + Helper function to extract the diagonal and triangular matrices for + LDL.T factorization. + + Parameters + ---------- + ldu : ndarray + The compact output returned by the LAPACK routing + pivs : ndarray + The sanitized array of {0, 1, 2} denoting the sizes of the pivots. For + every 2 there is a succeeding 0. + lower : bool, optional + If set to False, upper triangular part is considered. + hermitian : bool, optional + If set to False a symmetric complex array is assumed. + + Returns + ------- + d : ndarray + The block diagonal matrix. + lu : ndarray + The upper/lower triangular matrix + """ + is_c = iscomplexobj(ldu) + d = diag(diag(ldu)) + n = d.shape[0] + blk_i = 0 # block index + + # row/column offsets for selecting sub-, super-diagonal + x, y = (1, 0) if lower else (0, 1) + + lu = tril(ldu, -1) if lower else triu(ldu, 1) + diag_inds = arange(n) + lu[diag_inds, diag_inds] = 1 + + for blk in pivs[pivs != 0]: + # increment the block index and check for 2s + # if 2 then copy the off diagonals depending on uplo + inc = blk_i + blk + + if blk == 2: + d[blk_i+x, blk_i+y] = ldu[blk_i+x, blk_i+y] + # If Hermitian matrix is factorized, the cross-offdiagonal element + # should be conjugated. + if is_c and hermitian: + d[blk_i+y, blk_i+x] = ldu[blk_i+x, blk_i+y].conj() + else: + d[blk_i+y, blk_i+x] = ldu[blk_i+x, blk_i+y] + + lu[blk_i+x, blk_i+y] = 0. + blk_i = inc + + return d, lu + + +def _ldl_construct_tri_factor(lu, swap_vec, pivs, lower=True): + """ + Helper function to construct explicit outer factors of LDL factorization. + + If lower is True the permuted factors are multiplied as L(1)*L(2)*...*L(k). + Otherwise, the permuted factors are multiplied as L(k)*...*L(2)*L(1). See + LAPACK documentation for more details. + + Parameters + ---------- + lu : ndarray + The triangular array that is extracted from LAPACK routine call with + ones on the diagonals. + swap_vec : ndarray + The array that defines the row swapping indices. If the kth entry is m + then rows k,m are swapped. Notice that the mth entry is not necessarily + k to avoid undoing the swapping. + pivs : ndarray + The array that defines the block diagonal structure returned by + _ldl_sanitize_ipiv(). + lower : bool, optional + The boolean to switch between lower and upper triangular structure. + + Returns + ------- + lu : ndarray + The square outer factor which satisfies the L * D * L.T = A + perm : ndarray + The permutation vector that brings the lu to the triangular form + + Notes + ----- + Note that the original argument "lu" is overwritten. + + """ + n = lu.shape[0] + perm = arange(n) + # Setup the reading order of the permutation matrix for upper/lower + rs, re, ri = (n-1, -1, -1) if lower else (0, n, 1) + + for ind in range(rs, re, ri): + s_ind = swap_vec[ind] + if s_ind != ind: + # Column start and end positions + col_s = ind if lower else 0 + col_e = n if lower else ind+1 + + # If we stumble upon a 2x2 block include both cols in the perm. + if pivs[ind] == (0 if lower else 2): + col_s += -1 if lower else 0 + col_e += 0 if lower else 1 + lu[[s_ind, ind], col_s:col_e] = lu[[ind, s_ind], col_s:col_e] + perm[[s_ind, ind]] = perm[[ind, s_ind]] + + return lu, argsort(perm) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3d7194fcd6e051c2f9657a5db058f3908de75add --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu.py @@ -0,0 +1,397 @@ +"""LU decomposition functions.""" + +from warnings import warn + +from numpy import asarray, asarray_chkfinite +import numpy as np +from itertools import product + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch + +# Local imports +from ._misc import _datacopied, LinAlgWarning +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs, _normalize_lapack_dtype +from ._decomp_lu_cython import lu_dispatcher + + +__all__ = ['lu', 'lu_solve', 'lu_factor'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def lu_factor(a, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute pivoted LU decomposition of a matrix. + + The decomposition is:: + + A = P L U + + where P is a permutation matrix, L lower triangular with unit + diagonal elements, and U upper triangular. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to decompose + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in A (may increase performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + lu : (M, N) ndarray + Matrix containing U in its upper triangle, and L in its lower triangle. + The unit diagonal elements of L are not stored. + piv : (K,) ndarray + Pivot indices representing the permutation matrix P: + row i of matrix was interchanged with row piv[i]. + Of shape ``(K,)``, with ``K = min(M, N)``. + + See Also + -------- + lu : gives lu factorization in more user-friendly format + lu_solve : solve an equation system using the LU factorization of a matrix + + Notes + ----- + This is a wrapper to the ``*GETRF`` routines from LAPACK. Unlike + :func:`lu`, it outputs the L and U factors into a single array + and returns pivot indices instead of a permutation matrix. + + While the underlying ``*GETRF`` routines return 1-based pivot indices, the + ``piv`` array returned by ``lu_factor`` contains 0-based indices. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import lu_factor + >>> A = np.array([[2, 5, 8, 7], [5, 2, 2, 8], [7, 5, 6, 6], [5, 4, 4, 8]]) + >>> lu, piv = lu_factor(A) + >>> piv + array([2, 2, 3, 3], dtype=int32) + + Convert LAPACK's ``piv`` array to NumPy index and test the permutation + + >>> def pivot_to_permutation(piv): + ... perm = np.arange(len(piv)) + ... for i in range(len(piv)): + ... perm[i], perm[piv[i]] = perm[piv[i]], perm[i] + ... return perm + ... + >>> p_inv = pivot_to_permutation(piv) + >>> p_inv + array([2, 0, 3, 1]) + >>> L, U = np.tril(lu, k=-1) + np.eye(4), np.triu(lu) + >>> np.allclose(A[p_inv] - L @ U, np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + + The P matrix in P L U is defined by the inverse permutation and + can be recovered using argsort: + + >>> p = np.argsort(p_inv) + >>> p + array([1, 3, 0, 2]) + >>> np.allclose(A - L[p] @ U, np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + + or alternatively: + + >>> P = np.eye(4)[p] + >>> np.allclose(A - P @ L @ U, np.zeros((4, 4))) + True + """ + if check_finite: + a1 = asarray_chkfinite(a) + else: + a1 = asarray(a) + + # accommodate empty arrays + if a1.size == 0: + lu = np.empty_like(a1) + piv = np.arange(0, dtype=np.int32) + return lu, piv + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + + getrf, = get_lapack_funcs(('getrf',), (a1,)) + lu, piv, info = getrf(a1, overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + if info < 0: + raise ValueError( + f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal getrf (lu_factor)' + ) + if info > 0: + warn( + f"Diagonal number {info} is exactly zero. Singular matrix.", + LinAlgWarning, + stacklevel=2 + ) + return lu, piv + + +def lu_solve(lu_and_piv, b, trans=0, overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """Solve an equation system, a x = b, given the LU factorization of a + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + (lu, piv) + Factorization of the coefficient matrix a, as given by lu_factor. + In particular piv are 0-indexed pivot indices. + b : array + Right-hand side + trans : {0, 1, 2}, optional + Type of system to solve: + + ===== ========= + trans system + ===== ========= + 0 a x = b + 1 a^T x = b + 2 a^H x = b + ===== ========= + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in b (may increase performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + x : array + Solution to the system + + See Also + -------- + lu_factor : LU factorize a matrix + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import lu_factor, lu_solve + >>> A = np.array([[2, 5, 8, 7], [5, 2, 2, 8], [7, 5, 6, 6], [5, 4, 4, 8]]) + >>> b = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1]) + >>> lu, piv = lu_factor(A) + >>> x = lu_solve((lu, piv), b) + >>> np.allclose(A @ x - b, np.zeros((4,))) + True + + """ + (lu, piv) = lu_and_piv + return _lu_solve(lu, piv, b, trans=trans, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('lu', 2), ('piv', 1), ('b', '1|2')) +def _lu_solve(lu, piv, b, trans, overwrite_b, check_finite): + if check_finite: + b1 = asarray_chkfinite(b) + else: + b1 = asarray(b) + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or _datacopied(b1, b) + + if lu.shape[0] != b1.shape[0]: + raise ValueError(f"Shapes of lu {lu.shape} and b {b1.shape} are incompatible") + + # accommodate empty arrays + if b1.size == 0: + m = lu_solve((np.eye(2, dtype=lu.dtype), [0, 1]), np.ones(2, dtype=b.dtype)) + return np.empty_like(b1, dtype=m.dtype) + + getrs, = get_lapack_funcs(('getrs',), (lu, b1)) + x, info = getrs(lu, piv, b1, trans=trans, overwrite_b=overwrite_b) + if info == 0: + return x + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal gesv|posv') + + +def lu(a, permute_l=False, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True, + p_indices=False): + """ + Compute LU decomposition of a matrix with partial pivoting. + + The decomposition satisfies:: + + A = P @ L @ U + + where ``P`` is a permutation matrix, ``L`` lower triangular with unit + diagonal elements, and ``U`` upper triangular. If `permute_l` is set to + ``True`` then ``L`` is returned already permuted and hence satisfying + ``A = L @ U``. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., M, N) array_like + Array to decompose + permute_l : bool, optional + Perform the multiplication P*L (Default: do not permute) + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in a (may improve performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + p_indices : bool, optional + If ``True`` the permutation information is returned as row indices. + The default is ``False`` for backwards-compatibility reasons. + + Returns + ------- + (p, l, u) | (pl, u): + The tuple `(p, l, u)` is returned if `permute_l` is ``False`` (default) else + the tuple `(pl, u)` is returned, where: + + p : (..., M, M) ndarray + Permutation arrays or vectors depending on `p_indices`. + l : (..., M, K) ndarray + Lower triangular or trapezoidal array with unit diagonal, where the last + dimension is ``K = min(M, N)``. + pl : (..., M, K) ndarray + Permuted L matrix with last dimension being ``K = min(M, N)``. + u : (..., K, N) ndarray + Upper triangular or trapezoidal array. + + Notes + ----- + Permutation matrices are costly since they are nothing but row reorder of + ``L`` and hence indices are strongly recommended to be used instead if the + permutation is required. The relation in the 2D case then becomes simply + ``A = L[P, :] @ U``. In higher dimensions, it is better to use `permute_l` + to avoid complicated indexing tricks. + + In 2D case, if one has the indices however, for some reason, the + permutation matrix is still needed then it can be constructed by + ``np.eye(M)[P, :]``. + + Examples + -------- + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import lu + >>> A = np.array([[2, 5, 8, 7], [5, 2, 2, 8], [7, 5, 6, 6], [5, 4, 4, 8]]) + >>> p, l, u = lu(A) + >>> np.allclose(A, p @ l @ u) + True + >>> p # Permutation matrix + array([[0., 1., 0., 0.], # Row index 1 + [0., 0., 0., 1.], # Row index 3 + [1., 0., 0., 0.], # Row index 0 + [0., 0., 1., 0.]]) # Row index 2 + >>> p, _, _ = lu(A, p_indices=True) + >>> p + array([1, 3, 0, 2], dtype=int32) # as given by row indices above + >>> np.allclose(A, l[p, :] @ u) + True + + We can also use nd-arrays, for example, a demonstration with 4D array: + + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> A = rng.uniform(low=-4, high=4, size=[3, 2, 4, 8]) + >>> p, l, u = lu(A) + >>> p.shape, l.shape, u.shape + ((3, 2, 4, 4), (3, 2, 4, 4), (3, 2, 4, 8)) + >>> np.allclose(A, p @ l @ u) + True + >>> PL, U = lu(A, permute_l=True) + >>> np.allclose(A, PL @ U) + True + + """ + a1 = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) if check_finite else np.asarray(a) + if a1.ndim < 2: + raise ValueError('The input array must be at least two-dimensional.') + + # Also check if dtype is LAPACK compatible + a1, overwrite_a = _normalize_lapack_dtype(a1, overwrite_a) + + *nd, m, n = a1.shape + k = min(m, n) + real_dchar = 'f' if a1.dtype.char in 'fF' else 'd' + + # Empty input + if min(*a1.shape) == 0: + if permute_l: + PL = np.empty(shape=[*nd, m, k], dtype=a1.dtype) + U = np.empty(shape=[*nd, k, n], dtype=a1.dtype) + return PL, U + else: + P = (np.empty([*nd, 0], dtype=np.int32) if p_indices else + np.empty([*nd, 0, 0], dtype=real_dchar)) + L = np.empty(shape=[*nd, m, k], dtype=a1.dtype) + U = np.empty(shape=[*nd, k, n], dtype=a1.dtype) + return P, L, U + + # Scalar case + if a1.shape[-2:] == (1, 1): + if permute_l: + return np.ones_like(a1), (a1 if overwrite_a else a1.copy()) + else: + P = (np.zeros(shape=[*nd, m], dtype=int) if p_indices + else np.ones_like(a1)) + return P, np.ones_like(a1), (a1 if overwrite_a else a1.copy()) + + # Then check overwrite permission + if not _datacopied(a1, a): # "a" still alive through "a1" + if not overwrite_a: + # Data belongs to "a" so make a copy + a1 = a1.copy(order='C') + # else: Do nothing we'll use "a" if possible + # else: a1 has its own data thus free to scratch + + # Then layout checks, might happen that overwrite is allowed but original + # array was read-only or non-contiguous. + + if not (a1.flags['C_CONTIGUOUS'] and a1.flags['WRITEABLE']): + a1 = a1.copy(order='C') + + if not nd: # 2D array + + p = np.empty(m, dtype=np.int32) + u = np.zeros([k, k], dtype=a1.dtype) + lu_dispatcher(a1, u, p, permute_l) + P, L, U = (p, a1, u) if m > n else (p, u, a1) + + else: # Stacked array + + # Prepare the contiguous data holders + P = np.empty([*nd, m], dtype=np.int32) # perm vecs + + if m > n: # Tall arrays, U will be created + U = np.zeros([*nd, k, k], dtype=a1.dtype) + for ind in product(*[range(x) for x in a1.shape[:-2]]): + lu_dispatcher(a1[ind], U[ind], P[ind], permute_l) + L = a1 + + else: # Fat arrays, L will be created + L = np.zeros([*nd, k, k], dtype=a1.dtype) + for ind in product(*[range(x) for x in a1.shape[:-2]]): + lu_dispatcher(a1[ind], L[ind], P[ind], permute_l) + U = a1 + + # Convert permutation vecs to permutation arrays + # permute_l=False needed to enter here to avoid wasted efforts + if (not p_indices) and (not permute_l): + if nd: + Pa = np.zeros([*nd, m, m], dtype=real_dchar) + # An unreadable index hack - One-hot encoding for perm matrices + nd_ix = np.ix_(*([np.arange(x) for x in nd]+[np.arange(m)])) + Pa[(*nd_ix, P)] = 1 + P = Pa + else: # 2D case + Pa = np.zeros([m, m], dtype=real_dchar) + Pa[np.arange(m), P] = 1 + P = Pa + + return (L, U) if permute_l else (P, L, U) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a8756a319f474b4f628d14269fdc894a843be2e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:7e810c0259ec821c161c8c8690c4c609b4bb1c57262c6c9e4cfe9b17e6f3f924 +size 113560 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.pyi b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.pyi new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..21077dacf19255c9f50a12c3e9721a83a4d0c7e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_lu_cython.pyi @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +import numpy as np +from numpy.typing import NDArray +from typing import TypeVar + +# this mimicks the `ctypedef fused lapack_t` +_LapackT = TypeVar("_LapackT", np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128) + +def lu_dispatcher(a: NDArray[_LapackT], u: NDArray[_LapackT], piv: NDArray[np.integer], + permute_l: bool) -> None: ... diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_polar.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_polar.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c25eb9892bc9c5a4c6a044aed64329f09da6104d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_polar.py @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from scipy.linalg import svd + + +__all__ = ['polar'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def polar(a, side="right"): + """ + Compute the polar decomposition. + + Returns the factors of the polar decomposition [1]_ `u` and `p` such + that ``a = up`` (if `side` is "right") or ``a = pu`` (if `side` is + "left"), where `p` is positive semidefinite. Depending on the shape + of `a`, either the rows or columns of `u` are orthonormal. When `a` + is a square array, `u` is a square unitary array. When `a` is not + square, the "canonical polar decomposition" [2]_ is computed. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (m, n) array_like + The array to be factored. + side : {'left', 'right'}, optional + Determines whether a right or left polar decomposition is computed. + If `side` is "right", then ``a = up``. If `side` is "left", then + ``a = pu``. The default is "right". + + Returns + ------- + u : (m, n) ndarray + If `a` is square, then `u` is unitary. If m > n, then the columns + of `u` are orthonormal, and if m < n, then the rows of `u` are + orthonormal. + p : ndarray + `p` is Hermitian positive semidefinite. If `a` is nonsingular, `p` + is positive definite. The shape of `p` is (n, n) or (m, m), depending + on whether `side` is "right" or "left", respectively. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] R. A. Horn and C. R. Johnson, "Matrix Analysis", Cambridge + University Press, 1985. + .. [2] N. J. Higham, "Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation", + SIAM, 2008. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import polar + >>> a = np.array([[1, -1], [2, 4]]) + >>> u, p = polar(a) + >>> u + array([[ 0.85749293, -0.51449576], + [ 0.51449576, 0.85749293]]) + >>> p + array([[ 1.88648444, 1.2004901 ], + [ 1.2004901 , 3.94446746]]) + + A non-square example, with m < n: + + >>> b = np.array([[0.5, 1, 2], [1.5, 3, 4]]) + >>> u, p = polar(b) + >>> u + array([[-0.21196618, -0.42393237, 0.88054056], + [ 0.39378971, 0.78757942, 0.4739708 ]]) + >>> p + array([[ 0.48470147, 0.96940295, 1.15122648], + [ 0.96940295, 1.9388059 , 2.30245295], + [ 1.15122648, 2.30245295, 3.65696431]]) + >>> u.dot(p) # Verify the decomposition. + array([[ 0.5, 1. , 2. ], + [ 1.5, 3. , 4. ]]) + >>> u.dot(u.T) # The rows of u are orthonormal. + array([[ 1.00000000e+00, -2.07353665e-17], + [ -2.07353665e-17, 1.00000000e+00]]) + + Another non-square example, with m > n: + + >>> c = b.T + >>> u, p = polar(c) + >>> u + array([[-0.21196618, 0.39378971], + [-0.42393237, 0.78757942], + [ 0.88054056, 0.4739708 ]]) + >>> p + array([[ 1.23116567, 1.93241587], + [ 1.93241587, 4.84930602]]) + >>> u.dot(p) # Verify the decomposition. + array([[ 0.5, 1.5], + [ 1. , 3. ], + [ 2. , 4. ]]) + >>> u.T.dot(u) # The columns of u are orthonormal. + array([[ 1.00000000e+00, -1.26363763e-16], + [ -1.26363763e-16, 1.00000000e+00]]) + + """ + if side not in ['right', 'left']: + raise ValueError("`side` must be either 'right' or 'left'") + a = np.asarray(a) + if a.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError("`a` must be a 2-D array.") + + w, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=False) + u = w.dot(vh) + if side == 'right': + # a = up + p = (vh.T.conj() * s).dot(vh) + else: + # a = pu + p = (w * s).dot(w.T.conj()) + return u, p diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qr.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qr.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4557b0a4b56b29b39290cb716d2fecffe4d4b5a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qr.py @@ -0,0 +1,494 @@ +"""QR decomposition functions.""" +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch + +# Local imports +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs +from ._misc import _datacopied + +__all__ = ['qr', 'qr_multiply', 'rq'] + + +def safecall(f, name, *args, **kwargs): + """Call a LAPACK routine, determining lwork automatically and handling + error return values""" + lwork = kwargs.get("lwork", None) + if lwork in (None, -1): + kwargs['lwork'] = -1 + ret = f(*args, **kwargs) + kwargs['lwork'] = ret[-2][0].real.astype(np.int_) + ret = f(*args, **kwargs) + if ret[-1] < 0: + raise ValueError(f"illegal value in {-ret[-1]}th argument of internal {name}") + return ret[:-2] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def qr(a, overwrite_a=False, lwork=None, mode='full', pivoting=False, + check_finite=True): + """ + Compute QR decomposition of a matrix. + + Calculate the decomposition ``A = Q R`` where Q is unitary/orthogonal + and R upper triangular. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to be decomposed + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether data in `a` is overwritten (may improve performance if + `overwrite_a` is set to True by reusing the existing input data + structure rather than creating a new one.) + lwork : int, optional + Work array size, lwork >= a.shape[1]. If None or -1, an optimal size + is computed. + mode : {'full', 'r', 'economic', 'raw'}, optional + Determines what information is to be returned: either both Q and R + ('full', default), only R ('r') or both Q and R but computed in + economy-size ('economic', see Notes). The final option 'raw' + (added in SciPy 0.11) makes the function return two matrices + (Q, TAU) in the internal format used by LAPACK. + pivoting : bool, optional + Whether or not factorization should include pivoting for rank-revealing + qr decomposition. If pivoting, compute the decomposition + ``A[:, P] = Q @ R`` as above, but where P is chosen such that the + diagonal of R is non-increasing. Equivalently, albeit less efficiently, + an explicit P matrix may be formed explicitly by permuting the rows or columns + (depending on the side of the equation on which it is to be used) of + an identity matrix. See Examples. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + Q : float or complex ndarray + Of shape (M, M), or (M, K) for ``mode='economic'``. Not returned + if ``mode='r'``. Replaced by tuple ``(Q, TAU)`` if ``mode='raw'``. + R : float or complex ndarray + Of shape (M, N), or (K, N) for ``mode in ['economic', 'raw']``. + ``K = min(M, N)``. + P : int ndarray + Of shape (N,) for ``pivoting=True``. Not returned if + ``pivoting=False``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + Raised if decomposition fails + + Notes + ----- + This is an interface to the LAPACK routines dgeqrf, zgeqrf, + dorgqr, zungqr, dgeqp3, and zgeqp3. + + If ``mode=economic``, the shapes of Q and R are (M, K) and (K, N) instead + of (M,M) and (M,N), with ``K=min(M,N)``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> a = rng.standard_normal((9, 6)) + + >>> q, r = linalg.qr(a) + >>> np.allclose(a, np.dot(q, r)) + True + >>> q.shape, r.shape + ((9, 9), (9, 6)) + + >>> r2 = linalg.qr(a, mode='r') + >>> np.allclose(r, r2) + True + + >>> q3, r3 = linalg.qr(a, mode='economic') + >>> q3.shape, r3.shape + ((9, 6), (6, 6)) + + >>> q4, r4, p4 = linalg.qr(a, pivoting=True) + >>> d = np.abs(np.diag(r4)) + >>> np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1]) + True + >>> np.allclose(a[:, p4], np.dot(q4, r4)) + True + >>> P = np.eye(p4.size)[p4] + >>> np.allclose(a, np.dot(q4, r4) @ P) + True + >>> np.allclose(a @ P.T, np.dot(q4, r4)) + True + >>> q4.shape, r4.shape, p4.shape + ((9, 9), (9, 6), (6,)) + + >>> q5, r5, p5 = linalg.qr(a, mode='economic', pivoting=True) + >>> q5.shape, r5.shape, p5.shape + ((9, 6), (6, 6), (6,)) + >>> P = np.eye(6)[:, p5] + >>> np.allclose(a @ P, np.dot(q5, r5)) + True + + """ + # 'qr' was the old default, equivalent to 'full'. Neither 'full' nor + # 'qr' are used below. + # 'raw' is used internally by qr_multiply + if mode not in ['full', 'qr', 'r', 'economic', 'raw']: + raise ValueError("Mode argument should be one of ['full', 'r', " + "'economic', 'raw']") + + if check_finite: + a1 = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) + else: + a1 = np.asarray(a) + if len(a1.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError("expected a 2-D array") + + M, N = a1.shape + + # accommodate empty arrays + if a1.size == 0: + K = min(M, N) + + if mode not in ['economic', 'raw']: + Q = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(M, M)) + Q[...] = np.identity(M) + R = np.empty_like(a1) + else: + Q = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(M, K)) + R = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(K, N)) + + if pivoting: + Rj = R, np.arange(N, dtype=np.int32) + else: + Rj = R, + + if mode == 'r': + return Rj + elif mode == 'raw': + qr = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(M, N)) + tau = np.zeros_like(a1, shape=(K,)) + return ((qr, tau),) + Rj + return (Q,) + Rj + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + + if pivoting: + geqp3, = get_lapack_funcs(('geqp3',), (a1,)) + qr, jpvt, tau = safecall(geqp3, "geqp3", a1, overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + jpvt -= 1 # geqp3 returns a 1-based index array, so subtract 1 + else: + geqrf, = get_lapack_funcs(('geqrf',), (a1,)) + qr, tau = safecall(geqrf, "geqrf", a1, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + + if mode not in ['economic', 'raw'] or M < N: + R = np.triu(qr) + else: + R = np.triu(qr[:N, :]) + + if pivoting: + Rj = R, jpvt + else: + Rj = R, + + if mode == 'r': + return Rj + elif mode == 'raw': + return ((qr, tau),) + Rj + + gor_un_gqr, = get_lapack_funcs(('orgqr',), (qr,)) + + if M < N: + Q, = safecall(gor_un_gqr, "gorgqr/gungqr", qr[:, :M], tau, + lwork=lwork, overwrite_a=1) + elif mode == 'economic': + Q, = safecall(gor_un_gqr, "gorgqr/gungqr", qr, tau, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=1) + else: + t = qr.dtype.char + qqr = np.empty((M, M), dtype=t) + qqr[:, :N] = qr + Q, = safecall(gor_un_gqr, "gorgqr/gungqr", qqr, tau, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=1) + + return (Q,) + Rj + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('c', '1|2')) +def qr_multiply(a, c, mode='right', pivoting=False, conjugate=False, + overwrite_a=False, overwrite_c=False): + """ + Calculate the QR decomposition and multiply Q with a matrix. + + Calculate the decomposition ``A = Q R`` where Q is unitary/orthogonal + and R upper triangular. Multiply Q with a vector or a matrix c. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N), array_like + Input array + c : array_like + Input array to be multiplied by ``q``. + mode : {'left', 'right'}, optional + ``Q @ c`` is returned if mode is 'left', ``c @ Q`` is returned if + mode is 'right'. + The shape of c must be appropriate for the matrix multiplications, + if mode is 'left', ``min(a.shape) == c.shape[0]``, + if mode is 'right', ``a.shape[0] == c.shape[1]``. + pivoting : bool, optional + Whether or not factorization should include pivoting for rank-revealing + qr decomposition, see the documentation of qr. + conjugate : bool, optional + Whether Q should be complex-conjugated. This might be faster + than explicit conjugation. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether data in a is overwritten (may improve performance) + overwrite_c : bool, optional + Whether data in c is overwritten (may improve performance). + If this is used, c must be big enough to keep the result, + i.e. ``c.shape[0]`` = ``a.shape[0]`` if mode is 'left'. + + Returns + ------- + CQ : ndarray + The product of ``Q`` and ``c``. + R : (K, N), ndarray + R array of the resulting QR factorization where ``K = min(M, N)``. + P : (N,) ndarray + Integer pivot array. Only returned when ``pivoting=True``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + Raised if QR decomposition fails. + + Notes + ----- + This is an interface to the LAPACK routines ``?GEQRF``, ``?ORMQR``, + ``?UNMQR``, and ``?GEQP3``. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import qr_multiply, qr + >>> A = np.array([[1, 3, 3], [2, 3, 2], [2, 3, 3], [1, 3, 2]]) + >>> qc, r1, piv1 = qr_multiply(A, 2*np.eye(4), pivoting=1) + >>> qc + array([[-1., 1., -1.], + [-1., -1., 1.], + [-1., -1., -1.], + [-1., 1., 1.]]) + >>> r1 + array([[-6., -3., -5. ], + [ 0., -1., -1.11022302e-16], + [ 0., 0., -1. ]]) + >>> piv1 + array([1, 0, 2], dtype=int32) + >>> q2, r2, piv2 = qr(A, mode='economic', pivoting=1) + >>> np.allclose(2*q2 - qc, np.zeros((4, 3))) + True + + """ + if mode not in ['left', 'right']: + raise ValueError("Mode argument can only be 'left' or 'right' but " + f"not '{mode}'") + c = np.asarray_chkfinite(c) + if c.ndim < 2: + onedim = True + c = np.atleast_2d(c) + if mode == "left": + c = c.T + else: + onedim = False + + a = np.atleast_2d(np.asarray(a)) # chkfinite done in qr + M, N = a.shape + + if mode == 'left': + if c.shape[0] != min(M, N + overwrite_c*(M-N)): + raise ValueError('Array shapes are not compatible for Q @ c' + f' operation: {a.shape} vs {c.shape}') + else: + if M != c.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('Array shapes are not compatible for c @ Q' + f' operation: {c.shape} vs {a.shape}') + + raw = qr(a, overwrite_a, None, "raw", pivoting) + Q, tau = raw[0] + + # accommodate empty arrays + if c.size == 0: + return (np.empty_like(c),) + raw[1:] + + gor_un_mqr, = get_lapack_funcs(('ormqr',), (Q,)) + if gor_un_mqr.typecode in ('s', 'd'): + trans = "T" + else: + trans = "C" + + Q = Q[:, :min(M, N)] + if M > N and mode == "left" and not overwrite_c: + if conjugate: + cc = np.zeros((c.shape[1], M), dtype=c.dtype, order="F") + cc[:, :N] = c.T + else: + cc = np.zeros((M, c.shape[1]), dtype=c.dtype, order="F") + cc[:N, :] = c + trans = "N" + if conjugate: + lr = "R" + else: + lr = "L" + overwrite_c = True + elif c.flags["C_CONTIGUOUS"] and trans == "T" or conjugate: + cc = c.T + if mode == "left": + lr = "R" + else: + lr = "L" + else: + trans = "N" + cc = c + if mode == "left": + lr = "L" + else: + lr = "R" + cQ, = safecall(gor_un_mqr, "gormqr/gunmqr", lr, trans, Q, tau, cc, + overwrite_c=overwrite_c) + if trans != "N": + cQ = cQ.T + if mode == "right": + cQ = cQ[:, :min(M, N)] + if onedim: + cQ = cQ.ravel() + + return (cQ,) + raw[1:] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def rq(a, overwrite_a=False, lwork=None, mode='full', check_finite=True): + """ + Compute RQ decomposition of a matrix. + + Calculate the decomposition ``A = R Q`` where Q is unitary/orthogonal + and R upper triangular. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to be decomposed + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether data in a is overwritten (may improve performance) + lwork : int, optional + Work array size, lwork >= a.shape[1]. If None or -1, an optimal size + is computed. + mode : {'full', 'r', 'economic'}, optional + Determines what information is to be returned: either both Q and R + ('full', default), only R ('r') or both Q and R but computed in + economy-size ('economic', see Notes). + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + R : float or complex ndarray + Of shape (M, N) or (M, K) for ``mode='economic'``. ``K = min(M, N)``. + Q : float or complex ndarray + Of shape (N, N) or (K, N) for ``mode='economic'``. Not returned + if ``mode='r'``. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If decomposition fails. + + Notes + ----- + This is an interface to the LAPACK routines sgerqf, dgerqf, cgerqf, zgerqf, + sorgrq, dorgrq, cungrq and zungrq. + + If ``mode=economic``, the shapes of Q and R are (K, N) and (M, K) instead + of (N,N) and (M,N), with ``K=min(M,N)``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> a = rng.standard_normal((6, 9)) + >>> r, q = linalg.rq(a) + >>> np.allclose(a, r @ q) + True + >>> r.shape, q.shape + ((6, 9), (9, 9)) + >>> r2 = linalg.rq(a, mode='r') + >>> np.allclose(r, r2) + True + >>> r3, q3 = linalg.rq(a, mode='economic') + >>> r3.shape, q3.shape + ((6, 6), (6, 9)) + + """ + if mode not in ['full', 'r', 'economic']: + raise ValueError( + "Mode argument should be one of ['full', 'r', 'economic']") + + if check_finite: + a1 = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) + else: + a1 = np.asarray(a) + if len(a1.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError('expected matrix') + + M, N = a1.shape + + # accommodate empty arrays + if a1.size == 0: + K = min(M, N) + + if not mode == 'economic': + R = np.empty_like(a1) + Q = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(N, N)) + Q[...] = np.identity(N) + else: + R = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(M, K)) + Q = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(K, N)) + + if mode == 'r': + return R + return R, Q + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + + gerqf, = get_lapack_funcs(('gerqf',), (a1,)) + rq, tau = safecall(gerqf, 'gerqf', a1, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + if not mode == 'economic' or N < M: + R = np.triu(rq, N-M) + else: + R = np.triu(rq[-M:, -M:]) + + if mode == 'r': + return R + + gor_un_grq, = get_lapack_funcs(('orgrq',), (rq,)) + + if N < M: + Q, = safecall(gor_un_grq, "gorgrq/gungrq", rq[-N:], tau, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=1) + elif mode == 'economic': + Q, = safecall(gor_un_grq, "gorgrq/gungrq", rq, tau, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=1) + else: + rq1 = np.empty((N, N), dtype=rq.dtype) + rq1[-M:] = rq + Q, = safecall(gor_un_grq, "gorgrq/gungrq", rq1, tau, lwork=lwork, + overwrite_a=1) + + return R, Q diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qz.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qz.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0768ca0bad43e71eb9b5b9ec274ffe7b9ca11362 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_qz.py @@ -0,0 +1,452 @@ +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy import asarray_chkfinite +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied, LinAlgWarning +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs + + +__all__ = ['qz', 'ordqz'] + +_double_precision = ['i', 'l', 'd'] + + +def _select_function(sort): + if callable(sort): + # assume the user knows what they're doing + sfunction = sort + elif sort == 'lhp': + sfunction = _lhp + elif sort == 'rhp': + sfunction = _rhp + elif sort == 'iuc': + sfunction = _iuc + elif sort == 'ouc': + sfunction = _ouc + else: + raise ValueError("sort parameter must be None, a callable, or " + "one of ('lhp','rhp','iuc','ouc')") + + return sfunction + + +def _lhp(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + nonzero = (y != 0) + # handles (x, y) = (0, 0) too + out[~nonzero] = False + out[nonzero] = (np.real(x[nonzero]/y[nonzero]) < 0.0) + return out + + +def _rhp(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + nonzero = (y != 0) + # handles (x, y) = (0, 0) too + out[~nonzero] = False + out[nonzero] = (np.real(x[nonzero]/y[nonzero]) > 0.0) + return out + + +def _iuc(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + nonzero = (y != 0) + # handles (x, y) = (0, 0) too + out[~nonzero] = False + out[nonzero] = (abs(x[nonzero]/y[nonzero]) < 1.0) + return out + + +def _ouc(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + xzero = (x == 0) + yzero = (y == 0) + out[xzero & yzero] = False + out[~xzero & yzero] = True + out[~yzero] = (abs(x[~yzero]/y[~yzero]) > 1.0) + return out + + +def _qz(A, B, output='real', lwork=None, sort=None, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + if sort is not None: + # Disabled due to segfaults on win32, see ticket 1717. + raise ValueError("The 'sort' input of qz() has to be None and will be " + "removed in a future release. Use ordqz instead.") + + if output not in ['real', 'complex', 'r', 'c']: + raise ValueError("argument must be 'real', or 'complex'") + + if check_finite: + a1 = asarray_chkfinite(A) + b1 = asarray_chkfinite(B) + else: + a1 = np.asarray(A) + b1 = np.asarray(B) + + a_m, a_n = a1.shape + b_m, b_n = b1.shape + if not (a_m == a_n == b_m == b_n): + raise ValueError("Array dimensions must be square and agree") + + typa = a1.dtype.char + if output in ['complex', 'c'] and typa not in ['F', 'D']: + if typa in _double_precision: + a1 = a1.astype('D') + typa = 'D' + else: + a1 = a1.astype('F') + typa = 'F' + typb = b1.dtype.char + if output in ['complex', 'c'] and typb not in ['F', 'D']: + if typb in _double_precision: + b1 = b1.astype('D') + typb = 'D' + else: + b1 = b1.astype('F') + typb = 'F' + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, A)) + overwrite_b = overwrite_b or (_datacopied(b1, B)) + + gges, = get_lapack_funcs(('gges',), (a1, b1)) + + if lwork is None or lwork == -1: + # get optimal work array size + result = gges(lambda x: None, a1, b1, lwork=-1) + lwork = result[-2][0].real.astype(int) + + def sfunction(x): + return None + result = gges(sfunction, a1, b1, lwork=lwork, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b, sort_t=0) + + info = result[-1] + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f"Illegal value in argument {-info} of gges") + elif info > 0 and info <= a_n: + warnings.warn("The QZ iteration failed. (a,b) are not in Schur " + "form, but ALPHAR(j), ALPHAI(j), and BETA(j) should be " + f"correct for J={info-1},...,N", LinAlgWarning, + stacklevel=3) + elif info == a_n+1: + raise LinAlgError("Something other than QZ iteration failed") + elif info == a_n+2: + raise LinAlgError("After reordering, roundoff changed values of some " + "complex eigenvalues so that leading eigenvalues " + "in the Generalized Schur form no longer satisfy " + "sort=True. This could also be due to scaling.") + elif info == a_n+3: + raise LinAlgError("Reordering failed in tgsen") + + return result, gges.typecode + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2), ('B', 2)) +def qz(A, B, output='real', lwork=None, sort=None, overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """ + QZ decomposition for generalized eigenvalues of a pair of matrices. + + The QZ, or generalized Schur, decomposition for a pair of n-by-n + matrices (A,B) is:: + + (A,B) = (Q @ AA @ Z*, Q @ BB @ Z*) + + where AA, BB is in generalized Schur form if BB is upper-triangular + with non-negative diagonal and AA is upper-triangular, or for real QZ + decomposition (``output='real'``) block upper triangular with 1x1 + and 2x2 blocks. In this case, the 1x1 blocks correspond to real + generalized eigenvalues and 2x2 blocks are 'standardized' by making + the corresponding elements of BB have the form:: + + [ a 0 ] + [ 0 b ] + + and the pair of corresponding 2x2 blocks in AA and BB will have a complex + conjugate pair of generalized eigenvalues. If (``output='complex'``) or + A and B are complex matrices, Z' denotes the conjugate-transpose of Z. + Q and Z are unitary matrices. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + 2-D array to decompose + B : (N, N) array_like + 2-D array to decompose + output : {'real', 'complex'}, optional + Construct the real or complex QZ decomposition for real matrices. + Default is 'real'. + lwork : int, optional + Work array size. If None or -1, it is automatically computed. + sort : {None, callable, 'lhp', 'rhp', 'iuc', 'ouc'}, optional + NOTE: THIS INPUT IS DISABLED FOR NOW. Use ordqz instead. + + Specifies whether the upper eigenvalues should be sorted. A callable + may be passed that, given an eigenvalue, returns a boolean denoting + whether the eigenvalue should be sorted to the top-left (True). For + real matrix pairs, the sort function takes three real arguments + (alphar, alphai, beta). The eigenvalue + ``x = (alphar + alphai*1j)/beta``. For complex matrix pairs or + output='complex', the sort function takes two complex arguments + (alpha, beta). The eigenvalue ``x = (alpha/beta)``. Alternatively, + string parameters may be used: + + - 'lhp' Left-hand plane (x.real < 0.0) + - 'rhp' Right-hand plane (x.real > 0.0) + - 'iuc' Inside the unit circle (x*x.conjugate() < 1.0) + - 'ouc' Outside the unit circle (x*x.conjugate() > 1.0) + + Defaults to None (no sorting). + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in a (may improve performance) + overwrite_b : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in b (may improve performance) + check_finite : bool, optional + If true checks the elements of `A` and `B` are finite numbers. If + false does no checking and passes matrix through to + underlying algorithm. + + Returns + ------- + AA : (N, N) ndarray + Generalized Schur form of A. + BB : (N, N) ndarray + Generalized Schur form of B. + Q : (N, N) ndarray + The left Schur vectors. + Z : (N, N) ndarray + The right Schur vectors. + + See Also + -------- + ordqz + + Notes + ----- + Q is transposed versus the equivalent function in Matlab. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import qz + + >>> A = np.array([[1, 2, -1], [5, 5, 5], [2, 4, -8]]) + >>> B = np.array([[1, 1, -3], [3, 1, -1], [5, 6, -2]]) + + Compute the decomposition. The QZ decomposition is not unique, so + depending on the underlying library that is used, there may be + differences in the signs of coefficients in the following output. + + >>> AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B) + >>> AA + array([[-1.36949157, -4.05459025, 7.44389431], + [ 0. , 7.65653432, 5.13476017], + [ 0. , -0.65978437, 2.4186015 ]]) # may vary + >>> BB + array([[ 1.71890633, -1.64723705, -0.72696385], + [ 0. , 8.6965692 , -0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 2.27446233]]) # may vary + >>> Q + array([[-0.37048362, 0.1903278 , 0.90912992], + [-0.90073232, 0.16534124, -0.40167593], + [ 0.22676676, 0.96769706, -0.11017818]]) # may vary + >>> Z + array([[-0.67660785, 0.63528924, -0.37230283], + [ 0.70243299, 0.70853819, -0.06753907], + [ 0.22088393, -0.30721526, -0.92565062]]) # may vary + + Verify the QZ decomposition. With real output, we only need the + transpose of ``Z`` in the following expressions. + + >>> Q @ AA @ Z.T # Should be A + array([[ 1., 2., -1.], + [ 5., 5., 5.], + [ 2., 4., -8.]]) + >>> Q @ BB @ Z.T # Should be B + array([[ 1., 1., -3.], + [ 3., 1., -1.], + [ 5., 6., -2.]]) + + Repeat the decomposition, but with ``output='complex'``. + + >>> AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B, output='complex') + + For conciseness in the output, we use ``np.set_printoptions()`` to set + the output precision of NumPy arrays to 3 and display tiny values as 0. + + >>> np.set_printoptions(precision=3, suppress=True) + >>> AA + array([[-1.369+0.j , 2.248+4.237j, 4.861-5.022j], + [ 0. +0.j , 7.037+2.922j, 0.794+4.932j], + [ 0. +0.j , 0. +0.j , 2.655-1.103j]]) # may vary + >>> BB + array([[ 1.719+0.j , -1.115+1.j , -0.763-0.646j], + [ 0. +0.j , 7.24 +0.j , -3.144+3.322j], + [ 0. +0.j , 0. +0.j , 2.732+0.j ]]) # may vary + >>> Q + array([[ 0.326+0.175j, -0.273-0.029j, -0.886-0.052j], + [ 0.794+0.426j, -0.093+0.134j, 0.402-0.02j ], + [-0.2 -0.107j, -0.816+0.482j, 0.151-0.167j]]) # may vary + >>> Z + array([[ 0.596+0.32j , -0.31 +0.414j, 0.393-0.347j], + [-0.619-0.332j, -0.479+0.314j, 0.154-0.393j], + [-0.195-0.104j, 0.576+0.27j , 0.715+0.187j]]) # may vary + + With complex arrays, we must use ``Z.conj().T`` in the following + expressions to verify the decomposition. + + >>> Q @ AA @ Z.conj().T # Should be A + array([[ 1.-0.j, 2.-0.j, -1.-0.j], + [ 5.+0.j, 5.+0.j, 5.-0.j], + [ 2.+0.j, 4.+0.j, -8.+0.j]]) + >>> Q @ BB @ Z.conj().T # Should be B + array([[ 1.+0.j, 1.+0.j, -3.+0.j], + [ 3.-0.j, 1.-0.j, -1.+0.j], + [ 5.+0.j, 6.+0.j, -2.+0.j]]) + + """ + # output for real + # AA, BB, sdim, alphar, alphai, beta, vsl, vsr, work, info + # output for complex + # AA, BB, sdim, alpha, beta, vsl, vsr, work, info + result, _ = _qz(A, B, output=output, lwork=lwork, sort=sort, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + check_finite=check_finite) + return result[0], result[1], result[-4], result[-3] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2), ('B', 2)) +def ordqz(A, B, sort='lhp', output='real', overwrite_a=False, + overwrite_b=False, check_finite=True): + """QZ decomposition for a pair of matrices with reordering. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + 2-D array to decompose + B : (N, N) array_like + 2-D array to decompose + sort : {callable, 'lhp', 'rhp', 'iuc', 'ouc'}, optional + Specifies whether the upper eigenvalues should be sorted. A + callable may be passed that, given an ordered pair ``(alpha, + beta)`` representing the eigenvalue ``x = (alpha/beta)``, + returns a boolean denoting whether the eigenvalue should be + sorted to the top-left (True). For the real matrix pairs + ``beta`` is real while ``alpha`` can be complex, and for + complex matrix pairs both ``alpha`` and ``beta`` can be + complex. The callable must be able to accept a NumPy + array. Alternatively, string parameters may be used: + + - 'lhp' Left-hand plane (x.real < 0.0) + - 'rhp' Right-hand plane (x.real > 0.0) + - 'iuc' Inside the unit circle (x*x.conjugate() < 1.0) + - 'ouc' Outside the unit circle (x*x.conjugate() > 1.0) + + With the predefined sorting functions, an infinite eigenvalue + (i.e., ``alpha != 0`` and ``beta = 0``) is considered to lie in + neither the left-hand nor the right-hand plane, but it is + considered to lie outside the unit circle. For the eigenvalue + ``(alpha, beta) = (0, 0)``, the predefined sorting functions + all return `False`. + output : str {'real','complex'}, optional + Construct the real or complex QZ decomposition for real matrices. + Default is 'real'. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + If True, the contents of A are overwritten. + overwrite_b : bool, optional + If True, the contents of B are overwritten. + check_finite : bool, optional + If true checks the elements of `A` and `B` are finite numbers. If + false does no checking and passes matrix through to + underlying algorithm. + + Returns + ------- + AA : (N, N) ndarray + Generalized Schur form of A. + BB : (N, N) ndarray + Generalized Schur form of B. + alpha : (N,) ndarray + alpha = alphar + alphai * 1j. See notes. + beta : (N,) ndarray + See notes. + Q : (N, N) ndarray + The left Schur vectors. + Z : (N, N) ndarray + The right Schur vectors. + + See Also + -------- + qz + + Notes + ----- + On exit, ``(ALPHAR(j) + ALPHAI(j)*i)/BETA(j), j=1,...,N``, will be the + generalized eigenvalues. ``ALPHAR(j) + ALPHAI(j)*i`` and + ``BETA(j),j=1,...,N`` are the diagonals of the complex Schur form (S,T) + that would result if the 2-by-2 diagonal blocks of the real generalized + Schur form of (A,B) were further reduced to triangular form using complex + unitary transformations. If ALPHAI(j) is zero, then the jth eigenvalue is + real; if positive, then the ``j``\\ th and ``(j+1)``\\ st eigenvalues are a + complex conjugate pair, with ``ALPHAI(j+1)`` negative. + + .. versionadded:: 0.17.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import ordqz + >>> A = np.array([[2, 5, 8, 7], [5, 2, 2, 8], [7, 5, 6, 6], [5, 4, 4, 8]]) + >>> B = np.array([[0, 6, 0, 0], [5, 0, 2, 1], [5, 2, 6, 6], [4, 7, 7, 7]]) + >>> AA, BB, alpha, beta, Q, Z = ordqz(A, B, sort='lhp') + + Since we have sorted for left half plane eigenvalues, negatives come first + + >>> (alpha/beta).real < 0 + array([ True, True, False, False], dtype=bool) + + """ + (AA, BB, _, *ab, Q, Z, _, _), typ = _qz(A, B, output=output, sort=None, + overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + overwrite_b=overwrite_b, + check_finite=check_finite) + + if typ == 's': + alpha, beta = ab[0] + ab[1]*np.complex64(1j), ab[2] + elif typ == 'd': + alpha, beta = ab[0] + ab[1]*1.j, ab[2] + else: + alpha, beta = ab + + sfunction = _select_function(sort) + select = sfunction(alpha, beta) + + tgsen = get_lapack_funcs('tgsen', (AA, BB)) + # the real case needs 4n + 16 lwork + lwork = 4*AA.shape[0] + 16 if typ in 'sd' else 1 + AAA, BBB, *ab, QQ, ZZ, _, _, _, _, info = tgsen(select, AA, BB, Q, Z, + ijob=0, + lwork=lwork, liwork=1) + + # Once more for tgsen output + if typ == 's': + alpha, beta = ab[0] + ab[1]*np.complex64(1j), ab[2] + elif typ == 'd': + alpha, beta = ab[0] + ab[1]*1.j, ab[2] + else: + alpha, beta = ab + + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f"Illegal value in argument {-info} of tgsen") + elif info == 1: + raise ValueError("Reordering of (A, B) failed because the transformed" + " matrix pair (A, B) would be too far from " + "generalized Schur form; the problem is very " + "ill-conditioned. (A, B) may have been partially " + "reordered.") + + return AAA, BBB, alpha, beta, QQ, ZZ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_schur.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_schur.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fe65179e929539b8027dae72c74528dde0dcc6c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_schur.py @@ -0,0 +1,336 @@ +"""Schur decomposition functions.""" +import numpy as np +from numpy import asarray_chkfinite, single, asarray, array +from numpy.linalg import norm + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +# Local imports. +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs +from ._decomp import eigvals + +__all__ = ['schur', 'rsf2csf'] + +_double_precision = ['i', 'l', 'd'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def schur(a, output='real', lwork=None, overwrite_a=False, sort=None, + check_finite=True): + """ + Compute Schur decomposition of a matrix. + + The Schur decomposition is:: + + A = Z T Z^H + + where Z is unitary and T is either upper-triangular, or for real + Schur decomposition (output='real'), quasi-upper triangular. In + the quasi-triangular form, 2x2 blocks describing complex-valued + eigenvalue pairs may extrude from the diagonal. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Matrix to decompose + output : {'real', 'complex'}, optional + When the dtype of `a` is real, this specifies whether to compute + the real or complex Schur decomposition. + When the dtype of `a` is complex, this argument is ignored, and the + complex Schur decomposition is computed. + lwork : int, optional + Work array size. If None or -1, it is automatically computed. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite data in a (may improve performance). + sort : {None, callable, 'lhp', 'rhp', 'iuc', 'ouc'}, optional + Specifies whether the upper eigenvalues should be sorted. A callable + may be passed that, given an eigenvalue, returns a boolean denoting + whether the eigenvalue should be sorted to the top-left (True). + + - If ``output='complex'`` OR the dtype of `a` is complex, the callable + should have one argument: the eigenvalue expressed as a complex number. + - If ``output='real'`` AND the dtype of `a` is real, the callable should have + two arguments: the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalue, respectively. + + Alternatively, string parameters may be used:: + + 'lhp' Left-hand plane (real(eigenvalue) < 0.0) + 'rhp' Right-hand plane (real(eigenvalue) >= 0.0) + 'iuc' Inside the unit circle (abs(eigenvalue) <= 1.0) + 'ouc' Outside the unit circle (abs(eigenvalue) > 1.0) + + Defaults to None (no sorting). + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + T : (M, M) ndarray + Schur form of A. It is real-valued for the real Schur decomposition. + Z : (M, M) ndarray + A unitary Schur transformation matrix for A. + It is real-valued for the real Schur decomposition. + sdim : int + If and only if sorting was requested, a third return value will + contain the number of eigenvalues satisfying the sort condition. + Note that complex conjugate pairs for which the condition is true + for either eigenvalue count as 2. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + Error raised under three conditions: + + 1. The algorithm failed due to a failure of the QR algorithm to + compute all eigenvalues. + 2. If eigenvalue sorting was requested, the eigenvalues could not be + reordered due to a failure to separate eigenvalues, usually because + of poor conditioning. + 3. If eigenvalue sorting was requested, roundoff errors caused the + leading eigenvalues to no longer satisfy the sorting condition. + + See Also + -------- + rsf2csf : Convert real Schur form to complex Schur form + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import schur, eigvals + >>> A = np.array([[0, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2], [1, 0, 1]]) + >>> T, Z = schur(A) + >>> T + array([[ 2.65896708, 1.42440458, -1.92933439], + [ 0. , -0.32948354, -0.49063704], + [ 0. , 1.31178921, -0.32948354]]) + >>> Z + array([[0.72711591, -0.60156188, 0.33079564], + [0.52839428, 0.79801892, 0.28976765], + [0.43829436, 0.03590414, -0.89811411]]) + + >>> T2, Z2 = schur(A, output='complex') + >>> T2 + array([[ 2.65896708, -1.22839825+1.32378589j, 0.42590089+1.51937378j], # may vary + [ 0. , -0.32948354+0.80225456j, -0.59877807+0.56192146j], + [ 0. , 0. , -0.32948354-0.80225456j]]) + >>> eigvals(T2) + array([2.65896708, -0.32948354+0.80225456j, -0.32948354-0.80225456j]) # may vary + + A custom eigenvalue-sorting condition that sorts by positive imaginary part + is satisfied by only one eigenvalue. + + >>> _, _, sdim = schur(A, output='complex', sort=lambda x: x.imag > 1e-15) + >>> sdim + 1 + + When ``output='real'`` and the array `a` is real, the `sort` callable must accept + the real and imaginary parts as separate arguments. Note that now the complex + eigenvalues ``-0.32948354+0.80225456j`` and ``-0.32948354-0.80225456j`` will be + treated as a complex conjugate pair, and according to the `sdim` documentation, + complex conjugate pairs for which the condition is True for *either* eigenvalue + increase `sdim` by *two*. + + >>> _, _, sdim = schur(A, output='real', sort=lambda x, y: y > 1e-15) + >>> sdim + 2 + + """ + if output not in ['real', 'complex', 'r', 'c']: + raise ValueError("argument must be 'real', or 'complex'") + if check_finite: + a1 = asarray_chkfinite(a) + else: + a1 = asarray(a) + if np.issubdtype(a1.dtype, np.integer): + a1 = asarray(a, dtype=np.dtype("long")) + if len(a1.shape) != 2 or (a1.shape[0] != a1.shape[1]): + raise ValueError('expected square matrix') + + typ = a1.dtype.char + if output in ['complex', 'c'] and typ not in ['F', 'D']: + if typ in _double_precision: + a1 = a1.astype('D') + else: + a1 = a1.astype('F') + + # accommodate empty matrix + if a1.size == 0: + t0, z0 = schur(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype)) + if sort is None: + return (np.empty_like(a1, dtype=t0.dtype), + np.empty_like(a1, dtype=z0.dtype)) + else: + return (np.empty_like(a1, dtype=t0.dtype), + np.empty_like(a1, dtype=z0.dtype), 0) + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + gees, = get_lapack_funcs(('gees',), (a1,)) + if lwork is None or lwork == -1: + # get optimal work array + result = gees(lambda x: None, a1, lwork=-1) + lwork = result[-2][0].real.astype(np.int_) + + if sort is None: + sort_t = 0 + def sfunction(x, y=None): + return None + else: + sort_t = 1 + if callable(sort): + sfunction = sort + elif sort == 'lhp': + def sfunction(x, y=None): + return x.real < 0.0 + elif sort == 'rhp': + def sfunction(x, y=None): + return x.real >= 0.0 + elif sort == 'iuc': + def sfunction(x, y=None): + z = x if y is None else x + y*1j + return abs(z) <= 1.0 + elif sort == 'ouc': + def sfunction(x, y=None): + z = x if y is None else x + y*1j + return abs(z) > 1.0 + else: + raise ValueError("'sort' parameter must either be 'None', or a " + "callable, or one of ('lhp','rhp','iuc','ouc')") + + result = gees(sfunction, a1, lwork=lwork, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + sort_t=sort_t) + + info = result[-1] + if info < 0: + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}-th argument of internal gees') + elif info == a1.shape[0] + 1: + raise LinAlgError('Eigenvalues could not be separated for reordering.') + elif info == a1.shape[0] + 2: + raise LinAlgError('Leading eigenvalues do not satisfy sort condition.') + elif info > 0: + raise LinAlgError("Schur form not found. Possibly ill-conditioned.") + + if sort is None: + return result[0], result[-3] + else: + return result[0], result[-3], result[1] + + +eps = np.finfo(float).eps +feps = np.finfo(single).eps + +_array_kind = {'b': 0, 'h': 0, 'B': 0, 'i': 0, 'l': 0, + 'f': 0, 'd': 0, 'F': 1, 'D': 1} +_array_precision = {'i': 1, 'l': 1, 'f': 0, 'd': 1, 'F': 0, 'D': 1} +_array_type = [['f', 'd'], ['F', 'D']] + + +def _commonType(*arrays): + kind = 0 + precision = 0 + for a in arrays: + t = a.dtype.char + kind = max(kind, _array_kind[t]) + precision = max(precision, _array_precision[t]) + return _array_type[kind][precision] + + +def _castCopy(type, *arrays): + cast_arrays = () + for a in arrays: + if a.dtype.char == type: + cast_arrays = cast_arrays + (a.copy(),) + else: + cast_arrays = cast_arrays + (a.astype(type),) + if len(cast_arrays) == 1: + return cast_arrays[0] + else: + return cast_arrays + + +@_apply_over_batch(('T', 2), ('Z', 2)) +def rsf2csf(T, Z, check_finite=True): + """ + Convert real Schur form to complex Schur form. + + Convert a quasi-diagonal real-valued Schur form to the upper-triangular + complex-valued Schur form. + + Parameters + ---------- + T : (M, M) array_like + Real Schur form of the original array + Z : (M, M) array_like + Schur transformation matrix + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input arrays contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + T : (M, M) ndarray + Complex Schur form of the original array + Z : (M, M) ndarray + Schur transformation matrix corresponding to the complex form + + See Also + -------- + schur : Schur decomposition of an array + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import schur, rsf2csf + >>> A = np.array([[0, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2], [1, 0, 1]]) + >>> T, Z = schur(A) + >>> T + array([[ 2.65896708, 1.42440458, -1.92933439], + [ 0. , -0.32948354, -0.49063704], + [ 0. , 1.31178921, -0.32948354]]) + >>> Z + array([[0.72711591, -0.60156188, 0.33079564], + [0.52839428, 0.79801892, 0.28976765], + [0.43829436, 0.03590414, -0.89811411]]) + >>> T2 , Z2 = rsf2csf(T, Z) + >>> T2 + array([[2.65896708+0.j, -1.64592781+0.743164187j, -1.21516887+1.00660462j], + [0.+0.j , -0.32948354+8.02254558e-01j, -0.82115218-2.77555756e-17j], + [0.+0.j , 0.+0.j, -0.32948354-0.802254558j]]) + >>> Z2 + array([[0.72711591+0.j, 0.28220393-0.31385693j, 0.51319638-0.17258824j], + [0.52839428+0.j, 0.24720268+0.41635578j, -0.68079517-0.15118243j], + [0.43829436+0.j, -0.76618703+0.01873251j, -0.03063006+0.46857912j]]) + + """ + if check_finite: + Z, T = map(asarray_chkfinite, (Z, T)) + else: + Z, T = map(asarray, (Z, T)) + + for ind, X in enumerate([Z, T]): + if X.ndim != 2 or X.shape[0] != X.shape[1]: + raise ValueError(f"Input '{'ZT'[ind]}' must be square.") + + if T.shape[0] != Z.shape[0]: + message = f"Input array shapes must match: Z: {Z.shape} vs. T: {T.shape}" + raise ValueError(message) + N = T.shape[0] + t = _commonType(Z, T, array([3.0], 'F')) + Z, T = _castCopy(t, Z, T) + + for m in range(N-1, 0, -1): + if abs(T[m, m-1]) > eps*(abs(T[m-1, m-1]) + abs(T[m, m])): + mu = eigvals(T[m-1:m+1, m-1:m+1]) - T[m, m] + r = norm([mu[0], T[m, m-1]]) + c = mu[0] / r + s = T[m, m-1] / r + G = array([[c.conj(), s], [-s, c]], dtype=t) + + T[m-1:m+1, m-1:] = G.dot(T[m-1:m+1, m-1:]) + T[:m+1, m-1:m+1] = T[:m+1, m-1:m+1].dot(G.conj().T) + Z[:, m-1:m+1] = Z[:, m-1:m+1].dot(G.conj().T) + + T[m, m-1] = 0.0 + return T, Z diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_svd.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_svd.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4f8a9a2ccdedbba642df8966cf91235db6805863 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_svd.py @@ -0,0 +1,545 @@ +"""SVD decomposition functions.""" +import numpy as np +from numpy import zeros, r_, diag, dot, arccos, arcsin, where, clip + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch + +# Local imports. +from ._misc import LinAlgError, _datacopied +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs, _compute_lwork +from ._decomp import _asarray_validated + + +__all__ = ['svd', 'svdvals', 'diagsvd', 'orth', 'subspace_angles', 'null_space'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def svd(a, full_matrices=True, compute_uv=True, overwrite_a=False, + check_finite=True, lapack_driver='gesdd'): + """ + Singular Value Decomposition. + + Factorizes the matrix `a` into two unitary matrices ``U`` and ``Vh``, and + a 1-D array ``s`` of singular values (real, non-negative) such that + ``a == U @ S @ Vh``, where ``S`` is a suitably shaped matrix of zeros with + main diagonal ``s``. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to decompose. + full_matrices : bool, optional + If True (default), `U` and `Vh` are of shape ``(M, M)``, ``(N, N)``. + If False, the shapes are ``(M, K)`` and ``(K, N)``, where + ``K = min(M, N)``. + compute_uv : bool, optional + Whether to compute also ``U`` and ``Vh`` in addition to ``s``. + Default is True. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `a`; may improve performance. + Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + lapack_driver : {'gesdd', 'gesvd'}, optional + Whether to use the more efficient divide-and-conquer approach + (``'gesdd'``) or general rectangular approach (``'gesvd'``) + to compute the SVD. MATLAB and Octave use the ``'gesvd'`` approach. + Default is ``'gesdd'``. + + Returns + ------- + U : ndarray + Unitary matrix having left singular vectors as columns. + Of shape ``(M, M)`` or ``(M, K)``, depending on `full_matrices`. + s : ndarray + The singular values, sorted in non-increasing order. + Of shape (K,), with ``K = min(M, N)``. + Vh : ndarray + Unitary matrix having right singular vectors as rows. + Of shape ``(N, N)`` or ``(K, N)`` depending on `full_matrices`. + + For ``compute_uv=False``, only ``s`` is returned. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If SVD computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + svdvals : Compute singular values of a matrix. + diagsvd : Construct the Sigma matrix, given the vector s. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> m, n = 9, 6 + >>> a = rng.standard_normal((m, n)) + 1.j*rng.standard_normal((m, n)) + >>> U, s, Vh = linalg.svd(a) + >>> U.shape, s.shape, Vh.shape + ((9, 9), (6,), (6, 6)) + + Reconstruct the original matrix from the decomposition: + + >>> sigma = np.zeros((m, n)) + >>> for i in range(min(m, n)): + ... sigma[i, i] = s[i] + >>> a1 = np.dot(U, np.dot(sigma, Vh)) + >>> np.allclose(a, a1) + True + + Alternatively, use ``full_matrices=False`` (notice that the shape of + ``U`` is then ``(m, n)`` instead of ``(m, m)``): + + >>> U, s, Vh = linalg.svd(a, full_matrices=False) + >>> U.shape, s.shape, Vh.shape + ((9, 6), (6,), (6, 6)) + >>> S = np.diag(s) + >>> np.allclose(a, np.dot(U, np.dot(S, Vh))) + True + + >>> s2 = linalg.svd(a, compute_uv=False) + >>> np.allclose(s, s2) + True + + """ + a1 = _asarray_validated(a, check_finite=check_finite) + if len(a1.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError('expected matrix') + m, n = a1.shape + + # accommodate empty matrix + if a1.size == 0: + u0, s0, v0 = svd(np.eye(2, dtype=a1.dtype)) + + s = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0,), dtype=s0.dtype) + if full_matrices: + u = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(m, m), dtype=u0.dtype) + u[...] = np.identity(m) + v = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(n, n), dtype=v0.dtype) + v[...] = np.identity(n) + else: + u = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(m, 0), dtype=u0.dtype) + v = np.empty_like(a1, shape=(0, n), dtype=v0.dtype) + if compute_uv: + return u, s, v + else: + return s + + overwrite_a = overwrite_a or (_datacopied(a1, a)) + + if not isinstance(lapack_driver, str): + raise TypeError('lapack_driver must be a string') + if lapack_driver not in ('gesdd', 'gesvd'): + message = f'lapack_driver must be "gesdd" or "gesvd", not "{lapack_driver}"' + raise ValueError(message) + + if compute_uv: + # XXX: revisit int32 when ILP64 lapack becomes a thing + max_mn, min_mn = (m, n) if m > n else (n, m) + if full_matrices: + if max_mn*max_mn > np.iinfo(np.int32).max: + raise ValueError(f"Indexing a matrix size {max_mn} x {max_mn} " + "would incur integer overflow in LAPACK. " + "Try using numpy.linalg.svd instead.") + else: + sz = max(m * min_mn, n * min_mn) + if max(m * min_mn, n * min_mn) > np.iinfo(np.int32).max: + raise ValueError(f"Indexing a matrix of {sz} elements would " + "incur an in integer overflow in LAPACK. " + "Try using numpy.linalg.svd instead.") + + funcs = (lapack_driver, lapack_driver + '_lwork') + # XXX: As of 1.14.1 it isn't possible to build SciPy with ILP64, + # so the following line always yields a LP64 (32-bit pointer size) variant + gesXd, gesXd_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(funcs, (a1,), ilp64="preferred") + + # compute optimal lwork + lwork = _compute_lwork(gesXd_lwork, a1.shape[0], a1.shape[1], + compute_uv=compute_uv, full_matrices=full_matrices) + + # perform decomposition + u, s, v, info = gesXd(a1, compute_uv=compute_uv, lwork=lwork, + full_matrices=full_matrices, overwrite_a=overwrite_a) + + if info > 0: + raise LinAlgError("SVD did not converge") + if info < 0: + if lapack_driver == "gesdd" and info == -4: + msg = "A has a NaN entry" + raise ValueError(msg) + raise ValueError(f'illegal value in {-info}th argument of internal gesdd') + if compute_uv: + return u, s, v + else: + return s + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2)) +def svdvals(a, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute singular values of a matrix. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to decompose. + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `a`; may improve performance. + Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + s : (min(M, N),) ndarray + The singular values, sorted in decreasing order. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If SVD computation does not converge. + + See Also + -------- + svd : Compute the full singular value decomposition of a matrix. + diagsvd : Construct the Sigma matrix, given the vector s. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import svdvals + >>> m = np.array([[1.0, 0.0], + ... [2.0, 3.0], + ... [1.0, 1.0], + ... [0.0, 2.0], + ... [1.0, 0.0]]) + >>> svdvals(m) + array([ 4.28091555, 1.63516424]) + + We can verify the maximum singular value of `m` by computing the maximum + length of `m.dot(u)` over all the unit vectors `u` in the (x,y) plane. + We approximate "all" the unit vectors with a large sample. Because + of linearity, we only need the unit vectors with angles in [0, pi]. + + >>> t = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 2000) + >>> u = np.array([np.cos(t), np.sin(t)]) + >>> np.linalg.norm(m.dot(u), axis=0).max() + 4.2809152422538475 + + `p` is a projection matrix with rank 1. With exact arithmetic, + its singular values would be [1, 0, 0, 0]. + + >>> v = np.array([0.1, 0.3, 0.9, 0.3]) + >>> p = np.outer(v, v) + >>> svdvals(p) + array([ 1.00000000e+00, 2.02021698e-17, 1.56692500e-17, + 8.15115104e-34]) + + The singular values of an orthogonal matrix are all 1. Here, we + create a random orthogonal matrix by using the `rvs()` method of + `scipy.stats.ortho_group`. + + >>> from scipy.stats import ortho_group + >>> orth = ortho_group.rvs(4) + >>> svdvals(orth) + array([ 1., 1., 1., 1.]) + + """ + return svd(a, compute_uv=0, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + check_finite=check_finite) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('s', 1)) +def diagsvd(s, M, N): + """ + Construct the sigma matrix in SVD from singular values and size M, N. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : (M,) or (N,) array_like + Singular values + M : int + Size of the matrix whose singular values are `s`. + N : int + Size of the matrix whose singular values are `s`. + + Returns + ------- + S : (M, N) ndarray + The S-matrix in the singular value decomposition + + See Also + -------- + svd : Singular value decomposition of a matrix + svdvals : Compute singular values of a matrix. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import diagsvd + >>> vals = np.array([1, 2, 3]) # The array representing the computed svd + >>> diagsvd(vals, 3, 4) + array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 2, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 3, 0]]) + >>> diagsvd(vals, 4, 3) + array([[1, 0, 0], + [0, 2, 0], + [0, 0, 3], + [0, 0, 0]]) + + """ + part = diag(s) + typ = part.dtype.char + MorN = len(s) + if MorN == M: + return np.hstack((part, zeros((M, N - M), dtype=typ))) + elif MorN == N: + return r_[part, zeros((M - N, N), dtype=typ)] + else: + raise ValueError("Length of s must be M or N.") + + +# Orthonormal decomposition + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def orth(A, rcond=None): + """ + Construct an orthonormal basis for the range of A using SVD + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (M, N) array_like + Input array + rcond : float, optional + Relative condition number. Singular values ``s`` smaller than + ``rcond * max(s)`` are considered zero. + Default: floating point eps * max(M,N). + + Returns + ------- + Q : (M, K) ndarray + Orthonormal basis for the range of A. + K = effective rank of A, as determined by rcond + + See Also + -------- + svd : Singular value decomposition of a matrix + null_space : Matrix null space + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import orth + >>> A = np.array([[2, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0]]) # rank 2 array + >>> orth(A) + array([[0., 1.], + [1., 0.]]) + >>> orth(A.T) + array([[0., 1.], + [1., 0.], + [0., 0.]]) + + """ + u, s, vh = svd(A, full_matrices=False) + M, N = u.shape[0], vh.shape[1] + if rcond is None: + rcond = np.finfo(s.dtype).eps * max(M, N) + tol = np.amax(s, initial=0.) * rcond + num = np.sum(s > tol, dtype=int) + Q = u[:, :num] + return Q + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def null_space(A, rcond=None, *, overwrite_a=False, check_finite=True, + lapack_driver='gesdd'): + """ + Construct an orthonormal basis for the null space of A using SVD + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (M, N) array_like + Input array + rcond : float, optional + Relative condition number. Singular values ``s`` smaller than + ``rcond * max(s)`` are considered zero. + Default: floating point eps * max(M,N). + overwrite_a : bool, optional + Whether to overwrite `a`; may improve performance. + Default is False. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + lapack_driver : {'gesdd', 'gesvd'}, optional + Whether to use the more efficient divide-and-conquer approach + (``'gesdd'``) or general rectangular approach (``'gesvd'``) + to compute the SVD. MATLAB and Octave use the ``'gesvd'`` approach. + Default is ``'gesdd'``. + + Returns + ------- + Z : (N, K) ndarray + Orthonormal basis for the null space of A. + K = dimension of effective null space, as determined by rcond + + See Also + -------- + svd : Singular value decomposition of a matrix + orth : Matrix range + + Examples + -------- + 1-D null space: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import null_space + >>> A = np.array([[1, 1], [1, 1]]) + >>> ns = null_space(A) + >>> ns * np.copysign(1, ns[0,0]) # Remove the sign ambiguity of the vector + array([[ 0.70710678], + [-0.70710678]]) + + 2-D null space: + + >>> from numpy.random import default_rng + >>> rng = default_rng() + >>> B = rng.random((3, 5)) + >>> Z = null_space(B) + >>> Z.shape + (5, 2) + >>> np.allclose(B.dot(Z), 0) + True + + The basis vectors are orthonormal (up to rounding error): + + >>> Z.T.dot(Z) + array([[ 1.00000000e+00, 6.92087741e-17], + [ 6.92087741e-17, 1.00000000e+00]]) + + """ + u, s, vh = svd(A, full_matrices=True, overwrite_a=overwrite_a, + check_finite=check_finite, lapack_driver=lapack_driver) + M, N = u.shape[0], vh.shape[1] + if rcond is None: + rcond = np.finfo(s.dtype).eps * max(M, N) + tol = np.amax(s, initial=0.) * rcond + num = np.sum(s > tol, dtype=int) + Q = vh[num:,:].T.conj() + return Q + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2), ('B', 2)) +def subspace_angles(A, B): + r""" + Compute the subspace angles between two matrices. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (M, N) array_like + The first input array. + B : (M, K) array_like + The second input array. + + Returns + ------- + angles : ndarray, shape (min(N, K),) + The subspace angles between the column spaces of `A` and `B` in + descending order. + + See Also + -------- + orth + svd + + Notes + ----- + This computes the subspace angles according to the formula + provided in [1]_. For equivalence with MATLAB and Octave behavior, + use ``angles[0]``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Knyazev A, Argentati M (2002) Principal Angles between Subspaces + in an A-Based Scalar Product: Algorithms and Perturbation + Estimates. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 23:2008-2040. + + Examples + -------- + An Hadamard matrix, which has orthogonal columns, so we expect that + the suspace angle to be :math:`\frac{\pi}{2}`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import hadamard, subspace_angles + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> H = hadamard(4) + >>> print(H) + [[ 1 1 1 1] + [ 1 -1 1 -1] + [ 1 1 -1 -1] + [ 1 -1 -1 1]] + >>> np.rad2deg(subspace_angles(H[:, :2], H[:, 2:])) + array([ 90., 90.]) + + And the subspace angle of a matrix to itself should be zero: + + >>> subspace_angles(H[:, :2], H[:, :2]) <= 2 * np.finfo(float).eps + array([ True, True], dtype=bool) + + The angles between non-orthogonal subspaces are in between these extremes: + + >>> x = rng.standard_normal((4, 3)) + >>> np.rad2deg(subspace_angles(x[:, :2], x[:, [2]])) + array([ 55.832]) # random + """ + # Steps here omit the U and V calculation steps from the paper + + # 1. Compute orthonormal bases of column-spaces + A = _asarray_validated(A, check_finite=True) + if len(A.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError(f'expected 2D array, got shape {A.shape}') + QA = orth(A) + del A + + B = _asarray_validated(B, check_finite=True) + if len(B.shape) != 2: + raise ValueError(f'expected 2D array, got shape {B.shape}') + if len(B) != len(QA): + raise ValueError('A and B must have the same number of rows, got ' + f'{QA.shape[0]} and {B.shape[0]}') + QB = orth(B) + del B + + # 2. Compute SVD for cosine + QA_H_QB = dot(QA.T.conj(), QB) + sigma = svdvals(QA_H_QB) + + # 3. Compute matrix B + if QA.shape[1] >= QB.shape[1]: + B = QB - dot(QA, QA_H_QB) + else: + B = QA - dot(QB, QA_H_QB.T.conj()) + del QA, QB, QA_H_QB + + # 4. Compute SVD for sine + mask = sigma ** 2 >= 0.5 + if mask.any(): + mu_arcsin = arcsin(clip(svdvals(B, overwrite_a=True), -1., 1.)) + else: + mu_arcsin = 0. + + # 5. Compute the principal angles + # with reverse ordering of sigma because smallest sigma belongs to largest + # angle theta + theta = where(mask, mu_arcsin, arccos(clip(sigma[::-1], -1., 1.))) + return theta diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_update.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_update.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6e95b59903f40ba9a708eb3b2b6b73f86ef9174f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_decomp_update.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:df0aff3465455c3319d52adec168eaa3f0a59de9bc50c16c43a996b822ca1524 +size 233208 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_expm_frechet.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_expm_frechet.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4e5d9992ffd7f44967406e6eb837704f90db0eee --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_expm_frechet.py @@ -0,0 +1,417 @@ +"""Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential.""" +import numpy as np +import scipy.linalg +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch + + +__all__ = ['expm_frechet', 'expm_cond'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2), ('E', 2)) +def expm_frechet(A, E, method=None, compute_expm=True, check_finite=True): + """ + Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential of A in the direction E. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix of which to take the matrix exponential. + E : (N, N) array_like + Matrix direction in which to take the Frechet derivative. + method : str, optional + Choice of algorithm. Should be one of + + - `SPS` (default) + - `blockEnlarge` + + compute_expm : bool, optional + Whether to compute also `expm_A` in addition to `expm_frechet_AE`. + Default is True. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + expm_A : ndarray + Matrix exponential of A. + expm_frechet_AE : ndarray + Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential of A in the direction E. + For ``compute_expm = False``, only `expm_frechet_AE` is returned. + + See Also + -------- + expm : Compute the exponential of a matrix. + + Notes + ----- + This section describes the available implementations that can be selected + by the `method` parameter. The default method is *SPS*. + + Method *blockEnlarge* is a naive algorithm. + + Method *SPS* is Scaling-Pade-Squaring [1]_. + It is a sophisticated implementation which should take + only about 3/8 as much time as the naive implementation. + The asymptotics are the same. + + .. versionadded:: 0.13.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2009) + Computing the Frechet Derivative of the Matrix Exponential, + with an application to Condition Number Estimation. + SIAM Journal On Matrix Analysis and Applications., + 30 (4). pp. 1639-1657. ISSN 1095-7162 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + + >>> A = rng.standard_normal((3, 3)) + >>> E = rng.standard_normal((3, 3)) + >>> expm_A, expm_frechet_AE = linalg.expm_frechet(A, E) + >>> expm_A.shape, expm_frechet_AE.shape + ((3, 3), (3, 3)) + + Create a 6x6 matrix containing [[A, E], [0, A]]: + + >>> M = np.zeros((6, 6)) + >>> M[:3, :3] = A + >>> M[:3, 3:] = E + >>> M[3:, 3:] = A + + >>> expm_M = linalg.expm(M) + >>> np.allclose(expm_A, expm_M[:3, :3]) + True + >>> np.allclose(expm_frechet_AE, expm_M[:3, 3:]) + True + + """ + if check_finite: + A = np.asarray_chkfinite(A) + E = np.asarray_chkfinite(E) + else: + A = np.asarray(A) + E = np.asarray(E) + if A.ndim != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected A to be a square matrix') + if E.ndim != 2 or E.shape[0] != E.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected E to be a square matrix') + if A.shape != E.shape: + raise ValueError('expected A and E to be the same shape') + if method is None: + method = 'SPS' + if method == 'SPS': + expm_A, expm_frechet_AE = expm_frechet_algo_64(A, E) + elif method == 'blockEnlarge': + expm_A, expm_frechet_AE = expm_frechet_block_enlarge(A, E) + else: + raise ValueError(f'Unknown implementation {method}') + if compute_expm: + return expm_A, expm_frechet_AE + else: + return expm_frechet_AE + + +def expm_frechet_block_enlarge(A, E): + """ + This is a helper function, mostly for testing and profiling. + Return expm(A), frechet(A, E) + """ + n = A.shape[0] + M = np.vstack([ + np.hstack([A, E]), + np.hstack([np.zeros_like(A), A])]) + expm_M = scipy.linalg.expm(M) + return expm_M[:n, :n], expm_M[:n, n:] + + +""" +Maximal values ell_m of ||2**-s A|| such that the backward error bound +does not exceed 2**-53. +""" +ell_table_61 = ( + None, + # 1 + 2.11e-8, + 3.56e-4, + 1.08e-2, + 6.49e-2, + 2.00e-1, + 4.37e-1, + 7.83e-1, + 1.23e0, + 1.78e0, + 2.42e0, + # 11 + 3.13e0, + 3.90e0, + 4.74e0, + 5.63e0, + 6.56e0, + 7.52e0, + 8.53e0, + 9.56e0, + 1.06e1, + 1.17e1, + ) + + +# The b vectors and U and V are copypasted +# from scipy.sparse.linalg.matfuncs.py. +# M, Lu, Lv follow (6.11), (6.12), (6.13), (3.3) + +def _diff_pade3(A, E, ident): + b = (120., 60., 12., 1.) + A2 = A.dot(A) + M2 = np.dot(A, E) + np.dot(E, A) + U = A.dot(b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident) + V = b[2]*A2 + b[0]*ident + Lu = A.dot(b[3]*M2) + E.dot(b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident) + Lv = b[2]*M2 + return U, V, Lu, Lv + + +def _diff_pade5(A, E, ident): + b = (30240., 15120., 3360., 420., 30., 1.) + A2 = A.dot(A) + M2 = np.dot(A, E) + np.dot(E, A) + A4 = np.dot(A2, A2) + M4 = np.dot(A2, M2) + np.dot(M2, A2) + U = A.dot(b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident) + V = b[4]*A4 + b[2]*A2 + b[0]*ident + Lu = (A.dot(b[5]*M4 + b[3]*M2) + + E.dot(b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident)) + Lv = b[4]*M4 + b[2]*M2 + return U, V, Lu, Lv + + +def _diff_pade7(A, E, ident): + b = (17297280., 8648640., 1995840., 277200., 25200., 1512., 56., 1.) + A2 = A.dot(A) + M2 = np.dot(A, E) + np.dot(E, A) + A4 = np.dot(A2, A2) + M4 = np.dot(A2, M2) + np.dot(M2, A2) + A6 = np.dot(A2, A4) + M6 = np.dot(A4, M2) + np.dot(M4, A2) + U = A.dot(b[7]*A6 + b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident) + V = b[6]*A6 + b[4]*A4 + b[2]*A2 + b[0]*ident + Lu = (A.dot(b[7]*M6 + b[5]*M4 + b[3]*M2) + + E.dot(b[7]*A6 + b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident)) + Lv = b[6]*M6 + b[4]*M4 + b[2]*M2 + return U, V, Lu, Lv + + +def _diff_pade9(A, E, ident): + b = (17643225600., 8821612800., 2075673600., 302702400., 30270240., + 2162160., 110880., 3960., 90., 1.) + A2 = A.dot(A) + M2 = np.dot(A, E) + np.dot(E, A) + A4 = np.dot(A2, A2) + M4 = np.dot(A2, M2) + np.dot(M2, A2) + A6 = np.dot(A2, A4) + M6 = np.dot(A4, M2) + np.dot(M4, A2) + A8 = np.dot(A4, A4) + M8 = np.dot(A4, M4) + np.dot(M4, A4) + U = A.dot(b[9]*A8 + b[7]*A6 + b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident) + V = b[8]*A8 + b[6]*A6 + b[4]*A4 + b[2]*A2 + b[0]*ident + Lu = (A.dot(b[9]*M8 + b[7]*M6 + b[5]*M4 + b[3]*M2) + + E.dot(b[9]*A8 + b[7]*A6 + b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident)) + Lv = b[8]*M8 + b[6]*M6 + b[4]*M4 + b[2]*M2 + return U, V, Lu, Lv + + +def expm_frechet_algo_64(A, E): + n = A.shape[0] + s = None + ident = np.identity(n) + A_norm_1 = scipy.linalg.norm(A, 1) + m_pade_pairs = ( + (3, _diff_pade3), + (5, _diff_pade5), + (7, _diff_pade7), + (9, _diff_pade9)) + for m, pade in m_pade_pairs: + if A_norm_1 <= ell_table_61[m]: + U, V, Lu, Lv = pade(A, E, ident) + s = 0 + break + if s is None: + # scaling + s = max(0, int(np.ceil(np.log2(A_norm_1 / ell_table_61[13])))) + A = A * 2.0**-s + E = E * 2.0**-s + # pade order 13 + A2 = np.dot(A, A) + M2 = np.dot(A, E) + np.dot(E, A) + A4 = np.dot(A2, A2) + M4 = np.dot(A2, M2) + np.dot(M2, A2) + A6 = np.dot(A2, A4) + M6 = np.dot(A4, M2) + np.dot(M4, A2) + b = (64764752532480000., 32382376266240000., 7771770303897600., + 1187353796428800., 129060195264000., 10559470521600., + 670442572800., 33522128640., 1323241920., 40840800., 960960., + 16380., 182., 1.) + W1 = b[13]*A6 + b[11]*A4 + b[9]*A2 + W2 = b[7]*A6 + b[5]*A4 + b[3]*A2 + b[1]*ident + Z1 = b[12]*A6 + b[10]*A4 + b[8]*A2 + Z2 = b[6]*A6 + b[4]*A4 + b[2]*A2 + b[0]*ident + W = np.dot(A6, W1) + W2 + U = np.dot(A, W) + V = np.dot(A6, Z1) + Z2 + Lw1 = b[13]*M6 + b[11]*M4 + b[9]*M2 + Lw2 = b[7]*M6 + b[5]*M4 + b[3]*M2 + Lz1 = b[12]*M6 + b[10]*M4 + b[8]*M2 + Lz2 = b[6]*M6 + b[4]*M4 + b[2]*M2 + Lw = np.dot(A6, Lw1) + np.dot(M6, W1) + Lw2 + Lu = np.dot(A, Lw) + np.dot(E, W) + Lv = np.dot(A6, Lz1) + np.dot(M6, Z1) + Lz2 + # factor once and solve twice + lu_piv = scipy.linalg.lu_factor(-U + V) + R = scipy.linalg.lu_solve(lu_piv, U + V) + L = scipy.linalg.lu_solve(lu_piv, Lu + Lv + np.dot((Lu - Lv), R)) + # squaring + for k in range(s): + L = np.dot(R, L) + np.dot(L, R) + R = np.dot(R, R) + return R, L + + +def vec(M): + """ + Stack columns of M to construct a single vector. + + This is somewhat standard notation in linear algebra. + + Parameters + ---------- + M : 2-D array_like + Input matrix + + Returns + ------- + v : 1-D ndarray + Output vector + + """ + return M.T.ravel() + + +def expm_frechet_kronform(A, method=None, check_finite=True): + """ + Construct the Kronecker form of the Frechet derivative of expm. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : array_like with shape (N, N) + Matrix to be expm'd. + method : str, optional + Extra keyword to be passed to expm_frechet. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + K : 2-D ndarray with shape (N*N, N*N) + Kronecker form of the Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential. + + Notes + ----- + This function is used to help compute the condition number + of the matrix exponential. + + See Also + -------- + expm : Compute a matrix exponential. + expm_frechet : Compute the Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential. + expm_cond : Compute the relative condition number of the matrix exponential + in the Frobenius norm. + + """ + if check_finite: + A = np.asarray_chkfinite(A) + else: + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected a square matrix') + + n = A.shape[0] + ident = np.identity(n) + cols = [] + for i in range(n): + for j in range(n): + E = np.outer(ident[i], ident[j]) + F = expm_frechet(A, E, + method=method, compute_expm=False, check_finite=False) + cols.append(vec(F)) + return np.vstack(cols).T + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def expm_cond(A, check_finite=True): + """ + Relative condition number of the matrix exponential in the Frobenius norm. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : 2-D array_like + Square input matrix with shape (N, N). + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + kappa : float + The relative condition number of the matrix exponential + in the Frobenius norm + + See Also + -------- + expm : Compute the exponential of a matrix. + expm_frechet : Compute the Frechet derivative of the matrix exponential. + + Notes + ----- + A faster estimate for the condition number in the 1-norm + has been published but is not yet implemented in SciPy. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import expm_cond + >>> A = np.array([[-0.3, 0.2, 0.6], [0.6, 0.3, -0.1], [-0.7, 1.2, 0.9]]) + >>> k = expm_cond(A) + >>> k + 1.7787805864469866 + + """ + if check_finite: + A = np.asarray_chkfinite(A) + else: + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected a square matrix') + + X = scipy.linalg.expm(A) + K = expm_frechet_kronform(A, check_finite=False) + + # The following norm choices are deliberate. + # The norms of A and X are Frobenius norms, + # and the norm of K is the induced 2-norm. + A_norm = scipy.linalg.norm(A, 'fro') + X_norm = scipy.linalg.norm(X, 'fro') + K_norm = scipy.linalg.norm(K, 2) + + kappa = (K_norm * A_norm) / X_norm + return kappa diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_fblas.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_fblas.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a368897e7172d62023d98728301d9c6556385c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_fblas.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:68b99230f830d4071afc73c7697108ad18405e0a8384ffc76d0caedbd4c42a3b +size 553648 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_flapack.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_flapack.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aca4183299614600543f0070d2187886384b0385 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_flapack.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:5446ddcdf8170b656c367f220c0c07911c2a9ccb2f6b6d99fc9f1dd41ca8dd1f +size 1871104 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_lapack_subroutines.h b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_lapack_subroutines.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..19bc43170b1be5550d5e1e1d1306a07c411eb85c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_lapack_subroutines.h @@ -0,0 +1,1521 @@ +/* +This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +Do not edit this file directly. +*/ + +#include "npy_cblas.h" +#include "fortran_defs.h" + +typedef int (*_cselect1)(npy_complex64*); +typedef int (*_cselect2)(npy_complex64*, npy_complex64*); +typedef int (*_dselect2)(double*, double*); +typedef int (*_dselect3)(double*, double*, double*); +typedef int (*_sselect2)(float*, float*); +typedef int (*_sselect3)(float*, float*, float*); +typedef int (*_zselect1)(npy_complex128*); +typedef int (*_zselect2)(npy_complex128*, npy_complex128*); + +#ifdef __cplusplus +extern "C" { +#endif + +void BLAS_FUNC(cbbcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, float *theta, float *phi, npy_complex64 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex64 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex64 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex64 *v2t, int *ldv2t, float *b11d, float *b11e, float *b12d, float *b12e, float *b21d, float *b21e, float *b22d, float *b22e, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cbdsqr)(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbbrd)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *pt, int *ldpt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbcon)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbequ)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbequb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbsv)(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, float *r, float *c, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbtf2)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbtrf)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgbtrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgebak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, int *m, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgebal)(char *job, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgebd2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgebrd)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgecon)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeequ)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeequb)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgees)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _cselect1 *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vs, int *ldvs, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeesx)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _cselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vs, int *ldvs, float *rconde, float *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, float *abnrm, float *rconde, float *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgehd2)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgehrd)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgelq2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgelqf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgels)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgelsd)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *s, float *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgelss)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *s, float *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgelsy)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, float *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgemqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeql2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqlf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqp3)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqr2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqr2p)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrfp)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt3)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgerfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgerq2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgerqf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgesc2)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, float *scale); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgesdd)(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgesvd)(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgesvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, float *r, float *c, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgetc2)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgetf2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgetrf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgetri)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgetrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggbak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, int *m, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggbal)(char *job, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgges)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _cselect2 *selctg, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex64 *vsr, int *ldvsr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggesx)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _cselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex64 *vsr, int *ldvsr, float *rconde, float *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, float *abnrm, float *bbnrm, float *rconde, float *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggglm)(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgghrd)(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgglse)(int *m, int *n, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggqrf)(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *taua, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *taub, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cggrqf)(int *m, int *p, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *taua, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *taub, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgtcon)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgtrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *dlf, npy_complex64 *df, npy_complex64 *duf, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgtsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgtsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *dlf, npy_complex64 *df, npy_complex64 *duf, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgttrf)(int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgttrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cgtts2)(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbgst)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbgv)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbgvd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbgvx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chbtrd)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(checon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheequb)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheevr)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chegs2)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chegst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chegv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chegvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chegvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cherfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chesv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chesvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cheswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetd2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetrd)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetri2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chetrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chfrk)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *beta, npy_complex64 *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(chgeqz)(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +char BLAS_FUNC(chla_transtype)(int *trans); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpgst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpgv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpgvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpgvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chpsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chptrd)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chsein)(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(chseqr)(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clabrd)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex64 *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacgv)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacn2)(int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *x, float *est, int *kase, int *isave); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacon)(int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *x, float *est, int *kase); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacp2)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacpy)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacrm)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, float *rwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(clacrt)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *s); +void F_FUNC(cladivwrp,CLADIVWRP)(npy_complex64 *out, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y); +void BLAS_FUNC(claed0)(int *qsiz, int *n, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *qstore, int *ldqs, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claed7)(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, float *d, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, float *rho, int *indxq, float *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, float *givnum, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claed8)(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, float *d, float *rho, int *cutpnt, float *z, float *dlamda, npy_complex64 *q2, int *ldq2, float *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, float *givnum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claein)(int *rightv, int *noinit, int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *rwork, float *eps3, float *smlnum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claesy)(npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *rt1, npy_complex64 *rt2, npy_complex64 *evscal, npy_complex64 *cs1, npy_complex64 *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(claev2)(npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, npy_complex64 *c, float *rt1, float *rt2, float *cs1, npy_complex64 *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(clag2z)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clags2)(int *upper, float *a1, npy_complex64 *a2, float *a3, float *b1, npy_complex64 *b2, float *b3, float *csu, npy_complex64 *snu, float *csv, npy_complex64 *snv, float *csq, npy_complex64 *snq); +void BLAS_FUNC(clagtm)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *alpha, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *beta, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(clahef)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clahqr)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clahr2)(int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(claic1)(int *job, int *j, npy_complex64 *x, float *sest, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *gamma, float *sestpr, npy_complex64 *s, npy_complex64 *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(clals0)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, float *givnum, int *ldgnum, float *poles, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, int *k, float *c, float *s, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clalsa)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *bx, int *ldbx, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *k, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, float *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, float *givnum, float *c, float *s, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clalsd)(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +float BLAS_FUNC(clangb)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clange)(char *norm, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clangt)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanhb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanhe)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanhf)(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanhp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanhs)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clanht)(char *norm, int *n, float *d, npy_complex64 *e); +float BLAS_FUNC(clansb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clansp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clansy)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clantb)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clantp)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(clantr)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clapll)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, float *ssmin); +void BLAS_FUNC(clapmr)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(clapmt)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqgb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqge)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqhb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqhe)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqhp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqp2)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, float *vn1, float *vn2, npy_complex64 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqps)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, float *vn1, float *vn2, npy_complex64 *auxv, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr0)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr1)(int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *s1, npy_complex64 *s2, npy_complex64 *v); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr2)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex64 *sh, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr3)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex64 *sh, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr4)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqr5)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, npy_complex64 *s, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *wh, int *ldwh); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqsb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqsp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(claqsy)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(clar1v)(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, float *lambda_, float *d, float *l, float *ld, float *lld, float *pivmin, float *gaptol, npy_complex64 *z, int *wantnc, int *negcnt, float *ztz, float *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, float *nrminv, float *resid, float *rqcorr, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clar2v)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y, npy_complex64 *z, int *incx, float *c, npy_complex64 *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarcm)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, float *rwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarf)(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *v, int *incv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarfg)(int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarfgp)(int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarft)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarfx)(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clargv)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, float *c, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarnv)(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, npy_complex64 *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarrv)(int *n, float *vl, float *vu, float *d, float *l, float *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, float *minrgp, float *rtol1, float *rtol2, float *w, float *werr, float *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, float *gers, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clartg)(npy_complex64 *f, npy_complex64 *g, float *cs, npy_complex64 *sn, npy_complex64 *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(clartv)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, float *c, npy_complex64 *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarz)(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *incv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarzb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(clarzt)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(clascl)(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, float *cfrom, float *cto, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(claset)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(clasr)(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, float *c, float *s, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(classq)(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, float *scale, float *sumsq); +void BLAS_FUNC(claswp)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(clasyf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatbs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatdf)(int *ijob, int *n, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *rhs, float *rdsum, float *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatps)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatrd)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *e, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clatrz)(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(clauu2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(clauum)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbcon)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbequ)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbstf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, float *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbtf2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbtrf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpbtrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpftrf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpftrs)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpocon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpoequ)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpoequb)(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cporfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cposvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, float *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpotf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpotrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpotri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpotrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cppcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cppequ)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cppsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cppsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, char *equed, float *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpstf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, float *tol, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpstrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, float *tol, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cptcon)(int *n, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpteqr)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cptrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, float *df, npy_complex64 *ef, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cptsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cptsvx)(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, float *df, npy_complex64 *ef, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpttrf)(int *n, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cpttrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cptts2)(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(crot)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, float *c, npy_complex64 *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(cspcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cspmv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(cspr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(csprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cspsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cspsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csrscl)(int *n, float *sa, npy_complex64 *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(cstedc)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cstegr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cstein)(int *n, float *d, float *e, int *m, float *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cstemr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, float *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, int *tryrac, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csteqr)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csycon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyconv)(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyequb)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csymv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csysv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csysvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csyswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytri2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(csytrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctbcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctbrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctbtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctfsm)(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctfttp)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *arf, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctfttr)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *arf, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *s, int *lds, npy_complex64 *p, int *ldp, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgex2)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgexc)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgsen)(int *ijob, int *wantq, int *wantz, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *m, float *pl, float *pr, float *dif, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgsja)(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, float *tola, float *tolb, float *alpha, float *beta, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *ncycle, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, float *s, float *dif, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgsy2)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex64 *e, int *lde, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf, float *scale, float *rdsum, float *rdscal, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctgsyl)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex64 *e, int *lde, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf, float *scale, float *dif, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpmqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpqrt2)(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctprfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctprfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctptri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctptrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctpttr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, float *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrexc)(char *compq, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, npy_complex64 *work, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrsen)(char *job, char *compq, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *w, int *m, float *s, float *sep, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, float *s, float *sep, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork, float *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrsyl)(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, float *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrti2)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrtri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctrttp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ctzrzf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunbdb)(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex64 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex64 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex64 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex64 *x22, int *ldx22, float *theta, float *phi, npy_complex64 *taup1, npy_complex64 *taup2, npy_complex64 *tauq1, npy_complex64 *tauq2, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cuncsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex64 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex64 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex64 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex64 *x22, int *ldx22, float *theta, npy_complex64 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex64 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex64 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex64 *v2t, int *ldv2t, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, float *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cung2l)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cung2r)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungbr)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunghr)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungl2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunglq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungql)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungqr)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungr2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungrq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cungtr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunm2l)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunm2r)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmbr)(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmhr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunml2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmlq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmql)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmqr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmr2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmr3)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmrq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmrz)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cunmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cupgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(cupmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dbbcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, double *theta, double *phi, double *u1, int *ldu1, double *u2, int *ldu2, double *v1t, int *ldv1t, double *v2t, int *ldv2t, double *b11d, double *b11e, double *b12d, double *b12e, double *b21d, double *b21e, double *b22d, double *b22e, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dbdsdc)(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *q, int *iq, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dbdsqr)(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, double *d, double *e, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *u, int *ldu, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ddisna)(char *job, int *m, int *n, double *d, double *sep, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbbrd)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, double *d, double *e, double *q, int *ldq, double *pt, int *ldpt, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbcon)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbequ)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbequb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbsv)(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, double *r, double *c, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbtf2)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbtrf)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgbtrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgebak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, int *m, double *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgebal)(char *job, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgebd2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, double *tauq, double *taup, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgebrd)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, double *tauq, double *taup, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgecon)(char *norm, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeequ)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeequb)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgees)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _dselect2 *select, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *sdim, double *wr, double *wi, double *vs, int *ldvs, double *work, int *lwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeesx)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _dselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *sdim, double *wr, double *wi, double *vs, int *ldvs, double *rconde, double *rcondv, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *wr, double *wi, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *wr, double *wi, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, double *abnrm, double *rconde, double *rcondv, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgehd2)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgehrd)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgejsv)(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *sva, double *u, int *ldu, double *v, int *ldv, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgelq2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgelqf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgels)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgelsd)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *s, double *rcond, int *rank, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgelss)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *s, double *rcond, int *rank, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgelsy)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, double *rcond, int *rank, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgemqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, double *v, int *ldv, double *t, int *ldt, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeql2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqlf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqp3)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqr2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqr2p)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrfp)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, double *a, int *lda, double *t, int *ldt, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt3)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgerfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgerq2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgerqf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesc2)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, double *scale); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesdd)(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesvd)(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesvj)(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *sva, int *mv, double *v, int *ldv, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgesvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, double *r, double *c, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgetc2)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgetf2)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgetrf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgetri)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgetrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggbak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, int *m, double *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggbal)(char *job, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgges)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _dselect3 *selctg, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *vsl, int *ldvsl, double *vsr, int *ldvsr, double *work, int *lwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggesx)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _dselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *vsl, int *ldvsl, double *vsr, int *ldvsr, double *rconde, double *rcondv, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, double *abnrm, double *bbnrm, double *rconde, double *rcondv, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggglm)(int *n, int *m, int *p, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *d, double *x, double *y, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgghrd)(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *q, int *ldq, double *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgglse)(int *m, int *n, int *p, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *c, double *d, double *x, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggqrf)(int *n, int *m, int *p, double *a, int *lda, double *taua, double *b, int *ldb, double *taub, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dggrqf)(int *m, int *p, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *taua, double *b, int *ldb, double *taub, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgsvj0)(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *sva, int *mv, double *v, int *ldv, double *eps, double *sfmin, double *tol, int *nsweep, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgsvj1)(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *sva, int *mv, double *v, int *ldv, double *eps, double *sfmin, double *tol, int *nsweep, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgtcon)(char *norm, int *n, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *du2, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgtrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *dlf, double *df, double *duf, double *du2, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgtsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgtsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *dlf, double *df, double *duf, double *du2, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgttrf)(int *n, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *du2, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgttrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *du2, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dgtts2)(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *du2, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dhgeqz)(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *h, int *ldh, double *t, int *ldt, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *q, int *ldq, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dhsein)(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, int *select, int *n, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, double *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dhseqr)(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +int BLAS_FUNC(disnan)(double *din); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlabad)(double *small, double *large); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlabrd)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, double *tauq, double *taup, double *x, int *ldx, double *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlacn2)(int *n, double *v, double *x, int *isgn, double *est, int *kase, int *isave); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlacon)(int *n, double *v, double *x, int *isgn, double *est, int *kase); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlacpy)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dladiv)(double *a, double *b, double *c, double *d, double *p, double *q); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlae2)(double *a, double *b, double *c, double *rt1, double *rt2); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaebz)(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, double *abstol, double *reltol, double *pivmin, double *d, double *e, double *e2, int *nval, double *ab, double *c, int *mout, int *nab, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed0)(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *q, int *ldq, double *qstore, int *ldqs, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed1)(int *n, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, double *rho, int *cutpnt, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed2)(int *k, int *n, int *n1, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, double *rho, double *z, double *dlamda, double *w, double *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed3)(int *k, int *n, int *n1, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, double *rho, double *dlamda, double *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, double *w, double *s, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed4)(int *n, int *i, double *d, double *z, double *delta, double *rho, double *dlam, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed5)(int *i, double *d, double *z, double *delta, double *rho, double *dlam); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed6)(int *kniter, int *orgati, double *rho, double *d, double *z, double *finit, double *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed7)(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, double *rho, int *cutpnt, double *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, double *givnum, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed8)(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, double *rho, int *cutpnt, double *z, double *dlamda, double *q2, int *ldq2, double *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, double *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaed9)(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, double *rho, double *dlamda, double *w, double *s, int *lds, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaeda)(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, double *givnum, double *q, int *qptr, double *z, double *ztemp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaein)(int *rightv, int *noinit, int *n, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, double *vr, double *vi, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, double *eps3, double *smlnum, double *bignum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaev2)(double *a, double *b, double *c, double *rt1, double *rt2, double *cs1, double *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaexc)(int *wantq, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlag2)(double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *safmin, double *scale1, double *scale2, double *wr1, double *wr2, double *wi); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlag2s)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, float *sa, int *ldsa, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlags2)(int *upper, double *a1, double *a2, double *a3, double *b1, double *b2, double *b3, double *csu, double *snu, double *csv, double *snv, double *csq, double *snq); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlagtf)(int *n, double *a, double *lambda_, double *b, double *c, double *tol, double *d, int *in_, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlagtm)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *alpha, double *dl, double *d, double *du, double *x, int *ldx, double *beta, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlagts)(int *job, int *n, double *a, double *b, double *c, double *d, int *in_, double *y, double *tol, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlagv2)(double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *csl, double *snl, double *csr, double *snr); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlahqr)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlahr2)(int *n, int *k, int *nb, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *t, int *ldt, double *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaic1)(int *job, int *j, double *x, double *sest, double *w, double *gamma, double *sestpr, double *s, double *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaln2)(int *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, double *smin, double *ca, double *a, int *lda, double *d1, double *d2, double *b, int *ldb, double *wr, double *wi, double *x, int *ldx, double *scale, double *xnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlals0)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, double *b, int *ldb, double *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, double *givnum, int *ldgnum, double *poles, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, int *k, double *c, double *s, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlalsa)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, double *b, int *ldb, double *bx, int *ldbx, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *k, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, double *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, double *givnum, double *c, double *s, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlalsd)(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *b, int *ldb, double *rcond, int *rank, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlamch)(char *cmach); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlamrg)(int *n1, int *n2, double *a, int *dtrd1, int *dtrd2, int *index_bn); +int BLAS_FUNC(dlaneg)(int *n, double *d, double *lld, double *sigma, double *pivmin, int *r); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlangb)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlange)(char *norm, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlangt)(char *norm, int *n, double *dl, double *d_, double *du); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlanhs)(char *norm, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlansb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, double *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlansf)(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlansp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlanst)(char *norm, int *n, double *d_, double *e); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlansy)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlantb)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, double *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlantp)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *ap, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlantr)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlanv2)(double *a, double *b, double *c, double *d, double *rt1r, double *rt1i, double *rt2r, double *rt2i, double *cs, double *sn); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlapll)(int *n, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *ssmin); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlapmr)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, double *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlapmt)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, double *x, int *ldx, int *k); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlapy2)(double *x, double *y); +double BLAS_FUNC(dlapy3)(double *x, double *y, double *z); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqgb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, double *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqge)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqp2)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, double *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, double *tau, double *vn1, double *vn2, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqps)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, double *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, double *tau, double *vn1, double *vn2, double *auxv, double *f, int *ldf); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr0)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr1)(int *n, double *h, int *ldh, double *sr1, double *si1, double *sr2, double *si2, double *v); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr2)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, double *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, double *sr, double *si, double *v, int *ldv, int *nh, double *t, int *ldt, int *nv, double *wv, int *ldwv, double *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr3)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, double *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, double *sr, double *si, double *v, int *ldv, int *nh, double *t, int *ldt, int *nv, double *wv, int *ldwv, double *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr4)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *h, int *ldh, double *wr, double *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr5)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, double *sr, double *si, double *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, double *z, int *ldz, double *v, int *ldv, double *u, int *ldu, int *nv, double *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, double *wh, int *ldwh); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsp)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsy)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaqtr)(int *ltran, int *lreal, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *b, double *w, double *scale, double *x, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlar1v)(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, double *lambda_, double *d, double *l, double *ld, double *lld, double *pivmin, double *gaptol, double *z, int *wantnc, int *negcnt, double *ztz, double *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, double *nrminv, double *resid, double *rqcorr, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlar2v)(int *n, double *x, double *y, double *z, int *incx, double *c, double *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarf)(char *side, int *m, int *n, double *v, int *incv, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *v, int *ldv, double *t, int *ldt, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarfg)(int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarfgp)(int *n, double *alpha, double *x, int *incx, double *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarft)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, double *v, int *ldv, double *tau, double *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarfx)(char *side, int *m, int *n, double *v, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlargv)(int *n, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *c, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarnv)(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, double *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarra)(int *n, double *d, double *e, double *e2, double *spltol, double *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrb)(int *n, double *d, double *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, double *rtol1, double *rtol2, int *offset, double *w, double *wgap, double *werr, double *work, int *iwork, double *pivmin, double *spdiam, int *twist, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrc)(char *jobt, int *n, double *vl, double *vu, double *d, double *e, double *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrd)(char *range, char *order, int *n, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *gers, double *reltol, double *d, double *e, double *e2, double *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, double *w, double *werr, double *wl, double *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarre)(char *range, int *n, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *d, double *e, double *e2, double *rtol1, double *rtol2, double *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, double *w, double *werr, double *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, double *gers, double *pivmin, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrf)(int *n, double *d, double *l, double *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, double *w, double *wgap, double *werr, double *spdiam, double *clgapl, double *clgapr, double *pivmin, double *sigma, double *dplus, double *lplus, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrj)(int *n, double *d, double *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, double *rtol, int *offset, double *w, double *werr, double *work, int *iwork, double *pivmin, double *spdiam, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrk)(int *n, int *iw, double *gl, double *gu, double *d, double *e2, double *pivmin, double *reltol, double *w, double *werr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrr)(int *n, double *d, double *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarrv)(int *n, double *vl, double *vu, double *d, double *l, double *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, double *minrgp, double *rtol1, double *rtol2, double *w, double *werr, double *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, double *gers, double *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlartg)(double *f, double *g, double *cs, double *sn, double *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlartgp)(double *f, double *g, double *cs, double *sn, double *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlartgs)(double *x, double *y, double *sigma, double *cs, double *sn); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlartv)(int *n, double *x, int *incx, double *y, int *incy, double *c, double *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaruv)(int *iseed, int *n, double *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarz)(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, double *v, int *incv, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarzb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, double *v, int *ldv, double *t, int *ldt, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlarzt)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, double *v, int *ldv, double *tau, double *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlas2)(double *f, double *g, double *h, double *ssmin, double *ssmax); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlascl)(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, double *cfrom, double *cto, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd0)(int *n, int *sqre, double *d, double *e, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd1)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, double *d, double *alpha, double *beta, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd2)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, double *d, double *z, double *alpha, double *beta, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *dsigma, double *u2, int *ldu2, double *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd3)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, double *d, double *q, int *ldq, double *dsigma, double *u, int *ldu, double *u2, int *ldu2, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, double *z, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd4)(int *n, int *i, double *d, double *z, double *delta, double *rho, double *sigma, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd5)(int *i, double *d, double *z, double *delta, double *rho, double *dsigma, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd6)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, double *d, double *vf, double *vl, double *alpha, double *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, double *givnum, int *ldgnum, double *poles, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, int *k, double *c, double *s, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd7)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, double *d, double *z, double *zw, double *vf, double *vfw, double *vl, double *vlw, double *alpha, double *beta, double *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, double *givnum, int *ldgnum, double *c, double *s, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasd8)(int *icompq, int *k, double *d, double *z, double *vf, double *vl, double *difl, double *difr, int *lddifr, double *dsigma, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasda)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, double *d, double *e, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *k, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, double *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, double *givnum, double *c, double *s, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasdq)(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, double *d, double *e, double *vt, int *ldvt, double *u, int *ldu, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasdt)(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaset)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *beta, double *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasq1)(int *n, double *d, double *e, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasq2)(int *n, double *z, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasq3)(int *i0, int *n0, double *z, int *pp, double *dmin, double *sigma, double *desig, double *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, int *ieee, int *ttype, double *dmin1, double *dmin2, double *dn, double *dn1, double *dn2, double *g, double *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasq4)(int *i0, int *n0, double *z, int *pp, int *n0in, double *dmin, double *dmin1, double *dmin2, double *dn, double *dn1, double *dn2, double *tau, int *ttype, double *g); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasq6)(int *i0, int *n0, double *z, int *pp, double *dmin, double *dmin1, double *dmin2, double *dn, double *dnm1, double *dnm2); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasr)(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, double *c, double *s, double *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasrt)(char *id, int *n, double *d, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlassq)(int *n, double *x, int *incx, double *scale, double *sumsq); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasv2)(double *f, double *g, double *h, double *ssmin, double *ssmax, double *snr, double *csr, double *snl, double *csl); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlaswp)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasy2)(int *ltranl, int *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, double *tl, int *ldtl, double *tr, int *ldtr, double *b, int *ldb, double *scale, double *x, int *ldx, double *xnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlasyf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlat2s)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, float *sa, int *ldsa, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatbs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatdf)(int *ijob, int *n, double *z, int *ldz, double *rhs, double *rdsum, double *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatps)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, double *ap, double *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatrd)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, double *a, int *lda, double *e, double *tau, double *w, int *ldw); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlatrz)(int *m, int *n, int *l, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlauu2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dlauum)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dopgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *tau, double *q, int *ldq, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dopmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, double *ap, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorbdb)(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, double *x11, int *ldx11, double *x12, int *ldx12, double *x21, int *ldx21, double *x22, int *ldx22, double *theta, double *phi, double *taup1, double *taup2, double *tauq1, double *tauq2, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, double *x11, int *ldx11, double *x12, int *ldx12, double *x21, int *ldx21, double *x22, int *ldx22, double *theta, double *u1, int *ldu1, double *u2, int *ldu2, double *v1t, int *ldv1t, double *v2t, int *ldv2t, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorg2l)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorg2r)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgbr)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorghr)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgl2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorglq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgql)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgqr)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgr2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgrq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorm2l)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorm2r)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormbr)(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormhr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dorml2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormlq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormql)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormqr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormr2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormr3)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormrq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormrz)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dormtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *c, int *ldc, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbcon)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbequ)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *afb, int *ldafb, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbstf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, double *s, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbtf2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbtrf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpbtrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpftrf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpftrs)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpocon)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpoequ)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpoequb)(int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dporfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dposvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, double *s, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpotf2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpotrf)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpotri)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpotrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dppcon)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dppequ)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *afp, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dppsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dppsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *afp, char *equed, double *s, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpptri)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpstf2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, double *tol, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpstrf)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, double *tol, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dptcon)(int *n, double *d, double *e, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpteqr)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dptrfs)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *df, double *ef, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dptsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dptsvx)(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *df, double *ef, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpttrf)(int *n, double *d, double *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dpttrs)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dptts2)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(drscl)(int *n, double *sa, double *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *q, int *ldq, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbgst)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, double *ab, int *ldab, double *bb, int *ldbb, double *x, int *ldx, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbgv)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, double *ab, int *ldab, double *bb, int *ldbb, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbgvd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, double *ab, int *ldab, double *bb, int *ldbb, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbgvx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, double *ab, int *ldab, double *bb, int *ldbb, double *q, int *ldq, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsbtrd)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *d, double *e, double *q, int *ldq, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsfrk)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, double *a, int *lda, double *beta, double *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *work, float *swork, int *iter, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspcon)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspgst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *bp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspgv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *bp, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspgvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *bp, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspgvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *bp, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *work, float *swork, int *iter, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *afp, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dspsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *afp, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsptrd)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *d, double *e, double *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsptri)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, int *ipiv, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstebz)(char *range, char *order, int *n, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, double *d, double *e, int *m, int *nsplit, double *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstedc)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstegr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstein)(int *n, double *d, double *e, int *m, double *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstemr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, int *tryrac, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsteqr)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsterf)(int *n, double *d, double *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstev)(char *jobz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstevd)(char *jobz, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstevr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dstevx)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsycon)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyconv)(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyequb)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *w, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *w, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyevr)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsygs2)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsygst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsygv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *w, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsygvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *w, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsygvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, double *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsysv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsysvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsyswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytd2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, double *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytf2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytrd)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytrf)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytri)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytri2)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dsytrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtbcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, double *ab, int *ldab, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtbrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtbtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, double *ab, int *ldab, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtfsm)(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, double *alpha, double *a, double *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtfttp)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *arf, double *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtfttr)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *arf, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, double *s, int *lds, double *p, int *ldp, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgex2)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *q, int *ldq, double *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgexc)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *q, int *ldq, double *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgsen)(int *ijob, int *wantq, int *wantz, int *select, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *alphar, double *alphai, double *beta, double *q, int *ldq, double *z, int *ldz, int *m, double *pl, double *pr, double *dif, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgsja)(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *tola, double *tolb, double *alpha, double *beta, double *u, int *ldu, double *v, int *ldv, double *q, int *ldq, double *work, int *ncycle, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, double *s, double *dif, int *mm, int *m, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgsy2)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *c, int *ldc, double *d, int *ldd, double *e, int *lde, double *f, int *ldf, double *scale, double *rdsum, double *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtgsyl)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *c, int *ldc, double *d, int *ldd, double *e, int *lde, double *f, int *ldf, double *scale, double *dif, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *ap, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpmqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, double *v, int *ldv, double *t, int *ldt, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *t, int *ldt, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpqrt2)(int *m, int *n, int *l, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtprfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, double *v, int *ldv, double *t, int *ldt, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtprfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtptri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtptrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, double *ap, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtpttr)(char *uplo, int *n, double *ap, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *rcond, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrexc)(char *compq, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrsen)(char *job, char *compq, int *select, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *q, int *ldq, double *wr, double *wi, int *m, double *s, double *sep, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, double *t, int *ldt, double *vl, int *ldvl, double *vr, int *ldvr, double *s, double *sep, int *mm, int *m, double *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrsyl)(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, double *c, int *ldc, double *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrti2)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrtri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, double *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtrttp)(char *uplo, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(dtzrzf)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, double *tau, double *work, int *lwork, int *info); +double BLAS_FUNC(dzsum1)(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(icmax1)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +int BLAS_FUNC(ieeeck)(int *ispec, float *zero, float *one); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilaclc)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilaclr)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(iladiag)(char *diag); +int BLAS_FUNC(iladlc)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(iladlr)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilaprec)(char *prec); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilaslc)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilaslr)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilatrans)(char *trans); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilauplo)(char *uplo); +void BLAS_FUNC(ilaver)(int *vers_major, int *vers_minor, int *vers_patch); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilazlc)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(ilazlr)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +int BLAS_FUNC(izmax1)(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(sbbcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, float *theta, float *phi, float *u1, int *ldu1, float *u2, int *ldu2, float *v1t, int *ldv1t, float *v2t, int *ldv2t, float *b11d, float *b11e, float *b12d, float *b12e, float *b21d, float *b21e, float *b22d, float *b22e, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sbdsdc)(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *q, int *iq, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sbdsqr)(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, float *d, float *e, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *u, int *ldu, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +float BLAS_FUNC(scsum1)(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(sdisna)(char *job, int *m, int *n, float *d, float *sep, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbbrd)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, float *d, float *e, float *q, int *ldq, float *pt, int *ldpt, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbcon)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbequ)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbequb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbsv)(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, float *r, float *c, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbtf2)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbtrf)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgbtrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgebak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, int *m, float *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgebal)(char *job, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgebd2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, float *tauq, float *taup, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgebrd)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, float *tauq, float *taup, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgecon)(char *norm, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeequ)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeequb)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgees)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _sselect2 *select, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *sdim, float *wr, float *wi, float *vs, int *ldvs, float *work, int *lwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeesx)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _sselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *sdim, float *wr, float *wi, float *vs, int *ldvs, float *rconde, float *rcondv, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *wr, float *wi, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *wr, float *wi, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *scale, float *abnrm, float *rconde, float *rcondv, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgehd2)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgehrd)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgejsv)(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *sva, float *u, int *ldu, float *v, int *ldv, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgelq2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgelqf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgels)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgelsd)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *s, float *rcond, int *rank, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgelss)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *s, float *rcond, int *rank, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgelsy)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, float *rcond, int *rank, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgemqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, float *v, int *ldv, float *t, int *ldt, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeql2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqlf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqp3)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqr2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqr2p)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrfp)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, float *a, int *lda, float *t, int *ldt, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt3)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgerfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgerq2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgerqf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesc2)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, float *scale); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesdd)(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesvd)(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesvj)(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *sva, int *mv, float *v, int *ldv, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgesvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, float *r, float *c, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgetc2)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgetf2)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgetrf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgetri)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgetrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggbak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, int *m, float *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggbal)(char *job, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgges)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _sselect3 *selctg, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *vsl, int *ldvsl, float *vsr, int *ldvsr, float *work, int *lwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggesx)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _sselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *vsl, int *ldvsl, float *vsr, int *ldvsr, float *rconde, float *rcondv, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *lscale, float *rscale, float *abnrm, float *bbnrm, float *rconde, float *rcondv, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggglm)(int *n, int *m, int *p, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *d, float *x, float *y, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgghrd)(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *q, int *ldq, float *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgglse)(int *m, int *n, int *p, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *c, float *d, float *x, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggqrf)(int *n, int *m, int *p, float *a, int *lda, float *taua, float *b, int *ldb, float *taub, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sggrqf)(int *m, int *p, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *taua, float *b, int *ldb, float *taub, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgsvj0)(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *sva, int *mv, float *v, int *ldv, float *eps, float *sfmin, float *tol, int *nsweep, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgsvj1)(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *sva, int *mv, float *v, int *ldv, float *eps, float *sfmin, float *tol, int *nsweep, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgtcon)(char *norm, int *n, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *du2, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgtrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *dlf, float *df, float *duf, float *du2, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgtsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgtsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *dlf, float *df, float *duf, float *du2, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgttrf)(int *n, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *du2, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgttrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *du2, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sgtts2)(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *du2, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(shgeqz)(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *h, int *ldh, float *t, int *ldt, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *q, int *ldq, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(shsein)(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, int *select, int *n, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, float *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(shseqr)(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slabad)(float *small, float *large); +void BLAS_FUNC(slabrd)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, float *tauq, float *taup, float *x, int *ldx, float *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(slacn2)(int *n, float *v, float *x, int *isgn, float *est, int *kase, int *isave); +void BLAS_FUNC(slacon)(int *n, float *v, float *x, int *isgn, float *est, int *kase); +void BLAS_FUNC(slacpy)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(sladiv)(float *a, float *b, float *c, float *d, float *p, float *q); +void BLAS_FUNC(slae2)(float *a, float *b, float *c, float *rt1, float *rt2); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaebz)(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, float *abstol, float *reltol, float *pivmin, float *d, float *e, float *e2, int *nval, float *ab, float *c, int *mout, int *nab, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed0)(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *q, int *ldq, float *qstore, int *ldqs, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed1)(int *n, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, float *rho, int *cutpnt, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed2)(int *k, int *n, int *n1, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, float *rho, float *z, float *dlamda, float *w, float *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed3)(int *k, int *n, int *n1, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, float *rho, float *dlamda, float *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, float *w, float *s, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed4)(int *n, int *i, float *d, float *z, float *delta, float *rho, float *dlam, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed5)(int *i, float *d, float *z, float *delta, float *rho, float *dlam); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed6)(int *kniter, int *orgati, float *rho, float *d, float *z, float *finit, float *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed7)(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, float *rho, int *cutpnt, float *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, float *givnum, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed8)(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, float *rho, int *cutpnt, float *z, float *dlamda, float *q2, int *ldq2, float *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, float *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaed9)(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, float *rho, float *dlamda, float *w, float *s, int *lds, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaeda)(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, float *givnum, float *q, int *qptr, float *z, float *ztemp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaein)(int *rightv, int *noinit, int *n, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, float *vr, float *vi, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, float *eps3, float *smlnum, float *bignum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaev2)(float *a, float *b, float *c, float *rt1, float *rt2, float *cs1, float *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaexc)(int *wantq, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slag2)(float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *safmin, float *scale1, float *scale2, float *wr1, float *wr2, float *wi); +void BLAS_FUNC(slag2d)(int *m, int *n, float *sa, int *ldsa, double *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slags2)(int *upper, float *a1, float *a2, float *a3, float *b1, float *b2, float *b3, float *csu, float *snu, float *csv, float *snv, float *csq, float *snq); +void BLAS_FUNC(slagtf)(int *n, float *a, float *lambda_, float *b, float *c, float *tol, float *d, int *in_, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slagtm)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, float *alpha, float *dl, float *d, float *du, float *x, int *ldx, float *beta, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(slagts)(int *job, int *n, float *a, float *b, float *c, float *d, int *in_, float *y, float *tol, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slagv2)(float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *csl, float *snl, float *csr, float *snr); +void BLAS_FUNC(slahqr)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slahr2)(int *n, int *k, int *nb, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *t, int *ldt, float *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaic1)(int *job, int *j, float *x, float *sest, float *w, float *gamma, float *sestpr, float *s, float *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaln2)(int *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, float *smin, float *ca, float *a, int *lda, float *d1, float *d2, float *b, int *ldb, float *wr, float *wi, float *x, int *ldx, float *scale, float *xnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slals0)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, float *b, int *ldb, float *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, float *givnum, int *ldgnum, float *poles, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, int *k, float *c, float *s, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slalsa)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, float *b, int *ldb, float *bx, int *ldbx, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *k, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, float *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, float *givnum, float *c, float *s, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slalsd)(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *b, int *ldb, float *rcond, int *rank, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +float BLAS_FUNC(slamch)(char *cmach); +void BLAS_FUNC(slamrg)(int *n1, int *n2, float *a, int *strd1, int *strd2, int *index_bn); +float BLAS_FUNC(slangb)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slange)(char *norm, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slangt)(char *norm, int *n, float *dl, float *d, float *du); +float BLAS_FUNC(slanhs)(char *norm, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slansb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, float *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slansf)(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slansp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slanst)(char *norm, int *n, float *d, float *e); +float BLAS_FUNC(slansy)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slantb)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, float *ab, int *ldab, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slantp)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *ap, float *work); +float BLAS_FUNC(slantr)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slanv2)(float *a, float *b, float *c, float *d, float *rt1r, float *rt1i, float *rt2r, float *rt2i, float *cs, float *sn); +void BLAS_FUNC(slapll)(int *n, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *ssmin); +void BLAS_FUNC(slapmr)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, float *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(slapmt)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, float *x, int *ldx, int *k); +float BLAS_FUNC(slapy2)(float *x, float *y); +float BLAS_FUNC(slapy3)(float *x, float *y, float *z); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqgb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, float *ab, int *ldab, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqge)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *r, float *c, float *rowcnd, float *colcnd, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqp2)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, float *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, float *tau, float *vn1, float *vn2, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqps)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, float *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, float *tau, float *vn1, float *vn2, float *auxv, float *f, int *ldf); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr0)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr1)(int *n, float *h, int *ldh, float *sr1, float *si1, float *sr2, float *si2, float *v); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr2)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, float *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, float *sr, float *si, float *v, int *ldv, int *nh, float *t, int *ldt, int *nv, float *wv, int *ldwv, float *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr3)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, float *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, float *sr, float *si, float *v, int *ldv, int *nh, float *t, int *ldt, int *nv, float *wv, int *ldwv, float *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr4)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *h, int *ldh, float *wr, float *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqr5)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, float *sr, float *si, float *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, float *z, int *ldz, float *v, int *ldv, float *u, int *ldu, int *nv, float *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, float *wh, int *ldwh); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqsb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqsp)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqsy)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaqtr)(int *ltran, int *lreal, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *b, float *w, float *scale, float *x, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slar1v)(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, float *lambda_, float *d, float *l, float *ld, float *lld, float *pivmin, float *gaptol, float *z, int *wantnc, int *negcnt, float *ztz, float *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, float *nrminv, float *resid, float *rqcorr, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slar2v)(int *n, float *x, float *y, float *z, int *incx, float *c, float *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarf)(char *side, int *m, int *n, float *v, int *incv, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *v, int *ldv, float *t, int *ldt, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarfg)(int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarfgp)(int *n, float *alpha, float *x, int *incx, float *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarft)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, float *v, int *ldv, float *tau, float *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarfx)(char *side, int *m, int *n, float *v, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slargv)(int *n, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *c, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarnv)(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, float *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarra)(int *n, float *d, float *e, float *e2, float *spltol, float *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrb)(int *n, float *d, float *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, float *rtol1, float *rtol2, int *offset, float *w, float *wgap, float *werr, float *work, int *iwork, float *pivmin, float *spdiam, int *twist, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrc)(char *jobt, int *n, float *vl, float *vu, float *d, float *e, float *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrd)(char *range, char *order, int *n, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *gers, float *reltol, float *d, float *e, float *e2, float *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, float *w, float *werr, float *wl, float *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarre)(char *range, int *n, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *d, float *e, float *e2, float *rtol1, float *rtol2, float *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, float *w, float *werr, float *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, float *gers, float *pivmin, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrf)(int *n, float *d, float *l, float *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, float *w, float *wgap, float *werr, float *spdiam, float *clgapl, float *clgapr, float *pivmin, float *sigma, float *dplus, float *lplus, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrj)(int *n, float *d, float *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, float *rtol, int *offset, float *w, float *werr, float *work, int *iwork, float *pivmin, float *spdiam, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrk)(int *n, int *iw, float *gl, float *gu, float *d, float *e2, float *pivmin, float *reltol, float *w, float *werr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrr)(int *n, float *d, float *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarrv)(int *n, float *vl, float *vu, float *d, float *l, float *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, float *minrgp, float *rtol1, float *rtol2, float *w, float *werr, float *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, float *gers, float *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slartg)(float *f, float *g, float *cs, float *sn, float *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(slartgp)(float *f, float *g, float *cs, float *sn, float *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(slartgs)(float *x, float *y, float *sigma, float *cs, float *sn); +void BLAS_FUNC(slartv)(int *n, float *x, int *incx, float *y, int *incy, float *c, float *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaruv)(int *iseed, int *n, float *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarz)(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, float *v, int *incv, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarzb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, float *v, int *ldv, float *t, int *ldt, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(slarzt)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, float *v, int *ldv, float *tau, float *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(slas2)(float *f, float *g, float *h, float *ssmin, float *ssmax); +void BLAS_FUNC(slascl)(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, float *cfrom, float *cto, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd0)(int *n, int *sqre, float *d, float *e, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd1)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, float *d, float *alpha, float *beta, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd2)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, float *d, float *z, float *alpha, float *beta, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *dsigma, float *u2, int *ldu2, float *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd3)(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, float *d, float *q, int *ldq, float *dsigma, float *u, int *ldu, float *u2, int *ldu2, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, float *z, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd4)(int *n, int *i, float *d, float *z, float *delta, float *rho, float *sigma, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd5)(int *i, float *d, float *z, float *delta, float *rho, float *dsigma, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd6)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, float *d, float *vf, float *vl, float *alpha, float *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, float *givnum, int *ldgnum, float *poles, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, int *k, float *c, float *s, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd7)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, float *d, float *z, float *zw, float *vf, float *vfw, float *vl, float *vlw, float *alpha, float *beta, float *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, float *givnum, int *ldgnum, float *c, float *s, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasd8)(int *icompq, int *k, float *d, float *z, float *vf, float *vl, float *difl, float *difr, int *lddifr, float *dsigma, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasda)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, float *d, float *e, float *u, int *ldu, float *vt, int *k, float *difl, float *difr, float *z, float *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, float *givnum, float *c, float *s, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasdq)(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, float *d, float *e, float *vt, int *ldvt, float *u, int *ldu, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasdt)(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaset)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *beta, float *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasq1)(int *n, float *d, float *e, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasq2)(int *n, float *z, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasq3)(int *i0, int *n0, float *z, int *pp, float *dmin, float *sigma, float *desig, float *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, int *ieee, int *ttype, float *dmin1, float *dmin2, float *dn, float *dn1, float *dn2, float *g, float *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasq4)(int *i0, int *n0, float *z, int *pp, int *n0in, float *dmin, float *dmin1, float *dmin2, float *dn, float *dn1, float *dn2, float *tau, int *ttype, float *g); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasq6)(int *i0, int *n0, float *z, int *pp, float *dmin, float *dmin1, float *dmin2, float *dn, float *dnm1, float *dnm2); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasr)(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, float *c, float *s, float *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasrt)(char *id, int *n, float *d, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slassq)(int *n, float *x, int *incx, float *scale, float *sumsq); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasv2)(float *f, float *g, float *h, float *ssmin, float *ssmax, float *snr, float *csr, float *snl, float *csl); +void BLAS_FUNC(slaswp)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasy2)(int *ltranl, int *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, float *tl, int *ldtl, float *tr, int *ldtr, float *b, int *ldb, float *scale, float *x, int *ldx, float *xnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slasyf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatbs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatdf)(int *ijob, int *n, float *z, int *ldz, float *rhs, float *rdsum, float *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatps)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, float *ap, float *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatrd)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, float *a, int *lda, float *e, float *tau, float *w, int *ldw); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *x, float *scale, float *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slatrz)(int *m, int *n, int *l, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(slauu2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(slauum)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sopgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *tau, float *q, int *ldq, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sopmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, float *ap, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorbdb)(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, float *x11, int *ldx11, float *x12, int *ldx12, float *x21, int *ldx21, float *x22, int *ldx22, float *theta, float *phi, float *taup1, float *taup2, float *tauq1, float *tauq2, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, float *x11, int *ldx11, float *x12, int *ldx12, float *x21, int *ldx21, float *x22, int *ldx22, float *theta, float *u1, int *ldu1, float *u2, int *ldu2, float *v1t, int *ldv1t, float *v2t, int *ldv2t, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorg2l)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorg2r)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgbr)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorghr)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgl2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorglq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgql)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgqr)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgr2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgrq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorm2l)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorm2r)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormbr)(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormhr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sorml2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormlq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormql)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormqr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormr2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormr3)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormrq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormrz)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sormtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *c, int *ldc, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbcon)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbequ)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *afb, int *ldafb, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbstf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, float *s, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbtf2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbtrf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spbtrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spftrf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spftrs)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spocon)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spoequ)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spoequb)(int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sporfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sposvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, float *s, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spotf2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spotrf)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spotri)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spotrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sppcon)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sppequ)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *afp, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sppsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sppsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *afp, char *equed, float *s, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spptri)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spstf2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, float *tol, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spstrf)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, float *tol, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sptcon)(int *n, float *d, float *e, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spteqr)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sptrfs)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *df, float *ef, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sptsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sptsvx)(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *df, float *ef, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spttrf)(int *n, float *d, float *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(spttrs)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sptts2)(int *n, int *nrhs, float *d, float *e, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(srscl)(int *n, float *sa, float *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *q, int *ldq, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbgst)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, float *ab, int *ldab, float *bb, int *ldbb, float *x, int *ldx, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbgv)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, float *ab, int *ldab, float *bb, int *ldbb, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbgvd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, float *ab, int *ldab, float *bb, int *ldbb, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbgvx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, float *ab, int *ldab, float *bb, int *ldbb, float *q, int *ldq, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssbtrd)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *d, float *e, float *q, int *ldq, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssfrk)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, float *alpha, float *a, int *lda, float *beta, float *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspcon)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspgst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *bp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspgv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *bp, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspgvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *bp, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspgvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *bp, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *afp, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sspsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *afp, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssptrd)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *d, float *e, float *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssptri)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, int *ipiv, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstebz)(char *range, char *order, int *n, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, float *d, float *e, int *m, int *nsplit, float *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstedc)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstegr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstein)(int *n, float *d, float *e, int *m, float *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstemr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, int *tryrac, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssteqr)(char *compz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssterf)(int *n, float *d, float *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstev)(char *jobz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstevd)(char *jobz, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstevr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(sstevx)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, float *d, float *e, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssycon)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *anorm, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyconv)(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyequb)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *s, float *scond, float *amax, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *w, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *w, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyevr)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssygs2)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssygst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssygv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *w, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssygvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *w, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssygvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *vl, float *vu, int *il, int *iu, float *abstol, int *m, float *w, float *z, int *ldz, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssysv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssysvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *rcond, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssyswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytd2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, float *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytf2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytrd)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *d, float *e, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytrf)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytri)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytri2)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ssytrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stbcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, float *ab, int *ldab, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stbrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stbtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, float *ab, int *ldab, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stfsm)(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, float *alpha, float *a, float *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(stftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stfttp)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *arf, float *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stfttr)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *arf, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, float *s, int *lds, float *p, int *ldp, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgex2)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *q, int *ldq, float *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgexc)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *q, int *ldq, float *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgsen)(int *ijob, int *wantq, int *wantz, int *select, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *alphar, float *alphai, float *beta, float *q, int *ldq, float *z, int *ldz, int *m, float *pl, float *pr, float *dif, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgsja)(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *tola, float *tolb, float *alpha, float *beta, float *u, int *ldu, float *v, int *ldv, float *q, int *ldq, float *work, int *ncycle, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, float *s, float *dif, int *mm, int *m, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgsy2)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *c, int *ldc, float *d, int *ldd, float *e, int *lde, float *f, int *ldf, float *scale, float *rdsum, float *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stgsyl)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *c, int *ldc, float *d, int *ldd, float *e, int *lde, float *f, int *ldf, float *scale, float *dif, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *ap, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpmqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, float *v, int *ldv, float *t, int *ldt, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *t, int *ldt, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpqrt2)(int *m, int *n, int *l, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stprfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, float *v, int *ldv, float *t, int *ldt, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(stprfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stptri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stptrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, float *ap, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stpttr)(char *uplo, int *n, float *ap, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *rcond, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strexc)(char *compq, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, float *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *x, int *ldx, float *ferr, float *berr, float *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strsen)(char *job, char *compq, int *select, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *q, int *ldq, float *wr, float *wi, int *m, float *s, float *sep, float *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, float *t, int *ldt, float *vl, int *ldvl, float *vr, int *ldvr, float *s, float *sep, int *mm, int *m, float *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strsyl)(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, float *c, int *ldc, float *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strti2)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strtri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, float *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, float *a, int *lda, float *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(strttp)(char *uplo, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(stzrzf)(int *m, int *n, float *a, int *lda, float *tau, float *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void (xerbla_array__)(char *srname_array, int *srname_len, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zbbcsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, double *theta, double *phi, npy_complex128 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex128 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex128 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex128 *v2t, int *ldv2t, double *b11d, double *b11e, double *b12d, double *b12e, double *b21d, double *b21e, double *b22d, double *b22e, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zbdsqr)(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zcgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, npy_complex64 *swork, double *rwork, int *iter, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zcposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, npy_complex64 *swork, double *rwork, int *iter, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zdrscl)(int *n, double *sa, npy_complex128 *sx, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbbrd)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *pt, int *ldpt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbcon)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbequ)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbequb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbsv)(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, double *r, double *c, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbtf2)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbtrf)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgbtrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgebak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, int *m, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgebal)(char *job, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgebd2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgebrd)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgecon)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeequ)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeequb)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgees)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _zselect1 *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vs, int *ldvs, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeesx)(char *jobvs, char *sort, _zselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vs, int *ldvs, double *rconde, double *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *scale, double *abnrm, double *rconde, double *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgehd2)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgehrd)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgelq2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgelqf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgels)(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgelsd)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *s, double *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgelss)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *s, double *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgelsy)(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, double *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgemqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeql2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqlf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqp3)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqr2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqr2p)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrfp)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt3)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgerfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgerq2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgerqf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgesc2)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, double *scale); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgesdd)(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgesv)(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgesvd)(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgesvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, double *r, double *c, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgetc2)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgetf2)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgetrf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgetri)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgetrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggbak)(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, int *m, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggbal)(char *job, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgges)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _zselect2 *selctg, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex128 *vsr, int *ldvsr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggesx)(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _zselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex128 *vsr, int *ldvsr, double *rconde, double *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggev)(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggevx)(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, double *lscale, double *rscale, double *abnrm, double *bbnrm, double *rconde, double *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *bwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggglm)(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgghrd)(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgglse)(int *m, int *n, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggqrf)(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *taua, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *taub, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zggrqf)(int *m, int *p, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *taua, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *taub, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgtcon)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgtrfs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *dlf, npy_complex128 *df, npy_complex128 *duf, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgtsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgtsvx)(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *dlf, npy_complex128 *df, npy_complex128 *duf, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgttrf)(int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgttrs)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zgtts2)(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbgst)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbgv)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbgvd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbgvx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhbtrd)(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhecon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheequb)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheevr)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhegs2)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhegst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhegv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhegvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhegvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zherfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhesv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhesvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zheswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetd2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetrd)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetri2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhetrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhfrk)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, double *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *beta, npy_complex128 *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhgeqz)(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpev)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpevd)(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpevx)(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpgst)(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpgv)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpgvd)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpgvx)(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhpsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhptrd)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tau, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhsein)(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zhseqr)(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlabrd)(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacgv)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacn2)(int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *x, double *est, int *kase, int *isave); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacon)(int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *x, double *est, int *kase); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacp2)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacpy)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacrm)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, double *rwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlacrt)(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *s); +void F_FUNC(zladivwrp,ZLADIVWRP)(npy_complex128 *out, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaed0)(int *qsiz, int *n, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *qstore, int *ldqs, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaed7)(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, double *d, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, double *rho, int *indxq, double *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, double *givnum, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaed8)(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, double *d, double *rho, int *cutpnt, double *z, double *dlamda, npy_complex128 *q2, int *ldq2, double *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, double *givnum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaein)(int *rightv, int *noinit, int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *rwork, double *eps3, double *smlnum, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaesy)(npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *rt1, npy_complex128 *rt2, npy_complex128 *evscal, npy_complex128 *cs1, npy_complex128 *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaev2)(npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, npy_complex128 *c, double *rt1, double *rt2, double *cs1, npy_complex128 *sn1); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlag2c)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlags2)(int *upper, double *a1, npy_complex128 *a2, double *a3, double *b1, npy_complex128 *b2, double *b3, double *csu, npy_complex128 *snu, double *csv, npy_complex128 *snv, double *csq, npy_complex128 *snq); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlagtm)(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, double *alpha, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *beta, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlahef)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlahqr)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlahr2)(int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *y, int *ldy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaic1)(int *job, int *j, npy_complex128 *x, double *sest, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *gamma, double *sestpr, npy_complex128 *s, npy_complex128 *c); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlals0)(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, double *givnum, int *ldgnum, double *poles, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, int *k, double *c, double *s, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlalsa)(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *bx, int *ldbx, double *u, int *ldu, double *vt, int *k, double *difl, double *difr, double *z, double *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, double *givnum, double *c, double *s, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlalsd)(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *iwork, int *info); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlangb)(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlange)(char *norm, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlangt)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d_, npy_complex128 *du); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanhb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanhe)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanhf)(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanhp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanhs)(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlanht)(char *norm, int *n, double *d_, npy_complex128 *e); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlansb)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlansp)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlansy)(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlantb)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlantp)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *work); +double BLAS_FUNC(zlantr)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlapll)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, double *ssmin); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlapmr)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlapmt)(int *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, int *k); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqgb)(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqge)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *r, double *c, double *rowcnd, double *colcnd, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhe)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqp2)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, double *vn1, double *vn2, npy_complex128 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqps)(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, double *vn1, double *vn2, npy_complex128 *auxv, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr0)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr1)(int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *s1, npy_complex128 *s2, npy_complex128 *v); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr2)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex128 *sh, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr3)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex128 *sh, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr4)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr5)(int *wantt, int *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, npy_complex128 *s, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *wh, int *ldwh); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsb)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsy)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, char *equed); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlar1v)(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, double *lambda_, double *d, double *l, double *ld, double *lld, double *pivmin, double *gaptol, npy_complex128 *z, int *wantnc, int *negcnt, double *ztz, double *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, double *nrminv, double *resid, double *rqcorr, double *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlar2v)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y, npy_complex128 *z, int *incx, double *c, npy_complex128 *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarcm)(int *m, int *n, double *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, double *rwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarf)(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *v, int *incv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarfg)(int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarfgp)(int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *tau); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarft)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarfx)(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlargv)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, double *c, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarnv)(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, npy_complex128 *x); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarrv)(int *n, double *vl, double *vu, double *d, double *l, double *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, double *minrgp, double *rtol1, double *rtol2, double *w, double *werr, double *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, double *gers, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlartg)(npy_complex128 *f, npy_complex128 *g, double *cs, npy_complex128 *sn, npy_complex128 *r); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlartv)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, double *c, npy_complex128 *s, int *incc); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarz)(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *incv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarzb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlarzt)(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlascl)(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, double *cfrom, double *cto, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaset)(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlasr)(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, double *c, double *s, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlassq)(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, double *scale, double *sumsq); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlaswp)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlasyf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlat2c)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatbs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatdf)(int *ijob, int *n, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *rhs, double *rdsum, double *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatps)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatrd)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *e, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, double *scale, double *cnorm, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlatrz)(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlauu2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zlauum)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbcon)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbequ)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbstf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, double *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbtf2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbtrf)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpbtrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpftrf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpftrs)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpocon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpoequ)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpoequb)(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zporfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zposv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zposvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, double *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpotf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpotrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpotri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpotrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zppcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zppequ)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zppsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zppsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, char *equed, double *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpstf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, double *tol, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpstrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, double *tol, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zptcon)(int *n, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, double *anorm, double *rcond, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpteqr)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zptrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, double *df, npy_complex128 *ef, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zptsv)(int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zptsvx)(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, double *df, npy_complex128 *ef, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpttrf)(int *n, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zpttrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zptts2)(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, double *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(zrot)(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, double *c, npy_complex128 *s); +void BLAS_FUNC(zspcon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zspmv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zspr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *ap); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsprfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zspsv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zspsvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsptrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsptri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsptrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zstedc)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zstegr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, double *abstol, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zstein)(int *n, double *d, double *e, int *m, double *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zstemr)(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, double *d, double *e, double *vl, double *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, double *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, int *tryrac, double *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsteqr)(char *compz, int *n, double *d, double *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, double *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsycon)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, double *anorm, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyconv)(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyequb)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *s, double *scond, double *amax, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsymv)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyrfs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsysv)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsysvx)(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *rcond, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsyswapr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytf2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytrf)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytri)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytri2)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytri2x)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *nb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytrs)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zsytrs2)(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztbcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztbrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztbtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztfsm)(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztftri)(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztfttp)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *arf, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztfttr)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *arf, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *s, int *lds, npy_complex128 *p, int *ldp, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgex2)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgexc)(int *wantq, int *wantz, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgsen)(int *ijob, int *wantq, int *wantz, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *m, double *pl, double *pr, double *dif, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgsja)(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, double *tola, double *tolb, double *alpha, double *beta, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *ncycle, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, double *s, double *dif, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgsy2)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex128 *e, int *lde, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf, double *scale, double *rdsum, double *rdscal, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztgsyl)(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex128 *e, int *lde, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf, double *scale, double *dif, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpmqrt)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpqrt)(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpqrt2)(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztprfb)(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztprfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztptri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztptrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztpttr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrcon)(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, double *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrevc)(char *side, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrexc)(char *compq, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrrfs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, double *ferr, double *berr, npy_complex128 *work, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrsen)(char *job, char *compq, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *w, int *m, double *s, double *sep, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrsna)(char *job, char *howmny, int *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, double *s, double *sep, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork, double *rwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrsyl)(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, double *scale, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrti2)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrtri)(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrtrs)(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrttf)(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *arf, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztrttp)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(ztzrzf)(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunbdb)(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex128 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex128 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex128 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex128 *x22, int *ldx22, double *theta, double *phi, npy_complex128 *taup1, npy_complex128 *taup2, npy_complex128 *tauq1, npy_complex128 *tauq2, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zuncsd)(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex128 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex128 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex128 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex128 *x22, int *ldx22, double *theta, npy_complex128 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex128 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex128 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex128 *v2t, int *ldv2t, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, double *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zung2l)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zung2r)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungbr)(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunghr)(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungl2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunglq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungql)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungqr)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungr2)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungrq)(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zungtr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunm2l)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunm2r)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmbr)(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmhr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunml2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmlq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmql)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmqr)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmr2)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmr3)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmrq)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmrz)(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zunmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zupgtr)(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); +void BLAS_FUNC(zupmtr)(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info); + +#ifdef __cplusplus +} +#endif diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_linalg_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_linalg_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7fbe7a726658940af8dafb1958247b744576b20e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_linalg_pythran.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:4e4ce223acd6b6a4b16bff5468c93e8f746ea26bca1452b8bd916380bc27f929 +size 144152 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..14f1dc668c68eb195b86c674f8259bddbc1cce3f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs.py @@ -0,0 +1,1059 @@ +# +# Author: Travis Oliphant, March 2002 +# +import warnings +from itertools import product + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (dot, diag, prod, logical_not, ravel, transpose, + conjugate, absolute, amax, sign, isfinite, triu) + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _NoValue + +# Local imports +from scipy.linalg import LinAlgError, bandwidth, LinAlgWarning +from ._misc import norm +from ._basic import solve, inv +from ._decomp_svd import svd +from ._decomp_schur import schur, rsf2csf +from ._expm_frechet import expm_frechet, expm_cond +from ._matfuncs_schur_sqrtm import recursive_schur_sqrtm +from ._matfuncs_expm import pick_pade_structure, pade_UV_calc +from ._linalg_pythran import _funm_loops # type: ignore[import-not-found] + +__all__ = ['expm', 'cosm', 'sinm', 'tanm', 'coshm', 'sinhm', 'tanhm', 'logm', + 'funm', 'signm', 'sqrtm', 'fractional_matrix_power', 'expm_frechet', + 'expm_cond', 'khatri_rao'] + +eps = np.finfo('d').eps +feps = np.finfo('f').eps + +_array_precision = {'i': 1, 'l': 1, 'f': 0, 'd': 1, 'F': 0, 'D': 1} + + +############################################################################### +# Utility functions. + + +def _asarray_square(A): + """ + Wraps asarray with the extra requirement that the input be a square matrix. + + The motivation is that the matfuncs module has real functions that have + been lifted to square matrix functions. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : array_like + A square matrix. + + Returns + ------- + out : ndarray + An ndarray copy or view or other representation of A. + + """ + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected square array_like input') + return A + + +def _maybe_real(A, B, tol=None): + """ + Return either B or the real part of B, depending on properties of A and B. + + The motivation is that B has been computed as a complicated function of A, + and B may be perturbed by negligible imaginary components. + If A is real and B is complex with small imaginary components, + then return a real copy of B. The assumption in that case would be that + the imaginary components of B are numerical artifacts. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : ndarray + Input array whose type is to be checked as real vs. complex. + B : ndarray + Array to be returned, possibly without its imaginary part. + tol : float + Absolute tolerance. + + Returns + ------- + out : real or complex array + Either the input array B or only the real part of the input array B. + + """ + # Note that booleans and integers compare as real. + if np.isrealobj(A) and np.iscomplexobj(B): + if tol is None: + tol = {0: feps*1e3, 1: eps*1e6}[_array_precision[B.dtype.char]] + if np.allclose(B.imag, 0.0, atol=tol): + B = B.real + return B + + +############################################################################### +# Matrix functions. + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def fractional_matrix_power(A, t): + """ + Compute the fractional power of a matrix. + + Proceeds according to the discussion in section (6) of [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix whose fractional power to evaluate. + t : float + Fractional power. + + Returns + ------- + X : (N, N) array_like + The fractional power of the matrix. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing Lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798. + :doi:`10.1137/10081232X` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import fractional_matrix_power + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> b = fractional_matrix_power(a, 0.5) + >>> b + array([[ 0.75592895, 1.13389342], + [ 0.37796447, 1.88982237]]) + >>> np.dot(b, b) # Verify square root + array([[ 1., 3.], + [ 1., 4.]]) + + """ + # This fixes some issue with imports; + # this function calls onenormest which is in scipy.sparse. + A = _asarray_square(A) + import scipy.linalg._matfuncs_inv_ssq + return scipy.linalg._matfuncs_inv_ssq._fractional_matrix_power(A, t) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def logm(A, disp=_NoValue): + """ + Compute matrix logarithm. + + The matrix logarithm is the inverse of + expm: expm(logm(`A`)) == `A` + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix whose logarithm to evaluate + disp : bool, optional + Emit warning if error in the result is estimated large + instead of returning estimated error. (Default: True) + + .. deprecated:: 1.16.0 + The `disp` argument is deprecated and will be + removed in SciPy 1.18.0. The previously returned error estimate + can be computed as ``norm(expm(logm(A)) - A, 1) / norm(A, 1)``. + + Returns + ------- + logm : (N, N) ndarray + Matrix logarithm of `A` + errest : float + (if disp == False) + + 1-norm of the estimated error, ||err||_1 / ||A||_1 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2012) + "Improved Inverse Scaling and Squaring Algorithms + for the Matrix Logarithm." + SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 34 (4). C152-C169. + ISSN 1095-7197 + + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham (2008) + "Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation" + ISBN 978-0-898716-46-7 + + .. [3] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import logm, expm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> b = logm(a) + >>> b + array([[-1.02571087, 2.05142174], + [ 0.68380725, 1.02571087]]) + >>> expm(b) # Verify expm(logm(a)) returns a + array([[ 1., 3.], + [ 1., 4.]]) + + """ + if disp is _NoValue: + disp = True + else: + warnings.warn("The `disp` argument is deprecated " + "and will be removed in SciPy 1.18.0.", + DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) + A = np.asarray(A) # squareness checked in `_logm` + # Avoid circular import ... this is OK, right? + import scipy.linalg._matfuncs_inv_ssq + F = scipy.linalg._matfuncs_inv_ssq._logm(A) + F = _maybe_real(A, F) + errtol = 1000*eps + # TODO use a better error approximation + with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'): + errest = norm(expm(F)-A, 1) / np.asarray(norm(A, 1), dtype=A.dtype).real[()] + if disp: + if not isfinite(errest) or errest >= errtol: + message = f"logm result may be inaccurate, approximate err = {errest}" + warnings.warn(message, RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2) + return F + else: + return F, errest + + +def expm(A): + """Compute the matrix exponential of an array. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : ndarray + Input with last two dimensions are square ``(..., n, n)``. + + Returns + ------- + eA : ndarray + The resulting matrix exponential with the same shape of ``A`` + + Notes + ----- + Implements the algorithm given in [1]_, which is essentially a Pade + approximation with a variable order that is decided based on the array + data. + + For input with size ``n``, the memory usage is in the worst case in the + order of ``8*(n**2)``. If the input data is not of single and double + precision of real and complex dtypes, it is copied to a new array. + + For cases ``n >= 400``, the exact 1-norm computation cost, breaks even with + 1-norm estimation and from that point on the estimation scheme given in + [2]_ is used to decide on the approximation order. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham, (2009), "A New Scaling + and Squaring Algorithm for the Matrix Exponential", SIAM J. Matrix + Anal. Appl. 31(3):970-989, :doi:`10.1137/09074721X` + + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham and Francoise Tisseur (2000), "A Block Algorithm + for Matrix 1-Norm Estimation, with an Application to 1-Norm + Pseudospectra." SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl. 21(4):1185-1201, + :doi:`10.1137/S0895479899356080` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import expm, sinm, cosm + + Matrix version of the formula exp(0) = 1: + + >>> expm(np.zeros((3, 2, 2))) + array([[[1., 0.], + [0., 1.]], + + [[1., 0.], + [0., 1.]], + + [[1., 0.], + [0., 1.]]]) + + Euler's identity (exp(i*theta) = cos(theta) + i*sin(theta)) + applied to a matrix: + + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 3.0]]) + >>> expm(1j*a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + >>> cosm(a) + 1j*sinm(a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + + """ + a = np.asarray(A) + if a.size == 1 and a.ndim < 2: + return np.array([[np.exp(a.item())]]) + + if a.ndim < 2: + raise LinAlgError('The input array must be at least two-dimensional') + if a.shape[-1] != a.shape[-2]: + raise LinAlgError('Last 2 dimensions of the array must be square') + + # Empty array + if min(*a.shape) == 0: + dtype = expm(np.eye(2, dtype=a.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(a, dtype=dtype) + + # Scalar case + if a.shape[-2:] == (1, 1): + return np.exp(a) + + if not np.issubdtype(a.dtype, np.inexact): + a = a.astype(np.float64) + elif a.dtype == np.float16: + a = a.astype(np.float32) + + # An explicit formula for 2x2 case exists (formula (2.2) in [1]_). However, without + # Kahan's method, numerical instabilities can occur (See gh-19584). Hence removed + # here until we have a more stable implementation. + + n = a.shape[-1] + eA = np.empty(a.shape, dtype=a.dtype) + # working memory to hold intermediate arrays + Am = np.empty((5, n, n), dtype=a.dtype) + + # Main loop to go through the slices of an ndarray and passing to expm + for ind in product(*[range(x) for x in a.shape[:-2]]): + aw = a[ind] + + lu = bandwidth(aw) + if not any(lu): # a is diagonal? + eA[ind] = np.diag(np.exp(np.diag(aw))) + continue + + # Generic/triangular case; copy the slice into scratch and send. + # Am will be mutated by pick_pade_structure + # If s != 0, scaled Am will be returned from pick_pade_structure. + Am[0, :, :] = aw + m, s = pick_pade_structure(Am) + if (m < 0): + raise MemoryError("scipy.linalg.expm could not allocate sufficient" + " memory while trying to compute the Pade " + f"structure (error code {m}).") + info = pade_UV_calc(Am, m) + if info != 0: + if info <= -11: + # We raise it from failed mallocs; negative LAPACK codes > -7 + raise MemoryError("scipy.linalg.expm could not allocate " + "sufficient memory while trying to compute the " + f"exponential (error code {info}).") + else: + # LAPACK wrong argument error or exact singularity. + # Neither should happen. + raise RuntimeError("scipy.linalg.expm got an internal LAPACK " + "error during the exponential computation " + f"(error code {info})") + eAw = Am[0] + + if s != 0: # squaring needed + + if (lu[1] == 0) or (lu[0] == 0): # lower/upper triangular + # This branch implements Code Fragment 2.1 of [1]_ + + diag_aw = np.diag(aw) + # einsum returns a writable view + np.einsum('ii->i', eAw)[:] = np.exp(diag_aw * 2**(-s)) + # super/sub diagonal + sd = np.diag(aw, k=-1 if lu[1] == 0 else 1) + + for i in range(s-1, -1, -1): + eAw = eAw @ eAw + + # diagonal + np.einsum('ii->i', eAw)[:] = np.exp(diag_aw * 2.**(-i)) + exp_sd = _exp_sinch(diag_aw * (2.**(-i))) * (sd * 2**(-i)) + if lu[1] == 0: # lower + np.einsum('ii->i', eAw[1:, :-1])[:] = exp_sd + else: # upper + np.einsum('ii->i', eAw[:-1, 1:])[:] = exp_sd + + else: # generic + for _ in range(s): + eAw = eAw @ eAw + + # Zero out the entries from np.empty in case of triangular input + if (lu[0] == 0) or (lu[1] == 0): + eA[ind] = np.triu(eAw) if lu[0] == 0 else np.tril(eAw) + else: + eA[ind] = eAw + + return eA + + +def _exp_sinch(x): + # Higham's formula (10.42), might overflow, see GH-11839 + lexp_diff = np.diff(np.exp(x)) + l_diff = np.diff(x) + mask_z = l_diff == 0. + lexp_diff[~mask_z] /= l_diff[~mask_z] + lexp_diff[mask_z] = np.exp(x[:-1][mask_z]) + return lexp_diff + + +def sqrtm(A, disp=_NoValue, blocksize=_NoValue): + """ + Compute, if exists, the matrix square root. + + The matrix square root of ``A`` is a matrix ``X`` such that ``X @ X = A``. + Every square matrix is not guaranteed to have a matrix square root, for + example, the array ``[[0, 1], [0, 0]]`` does not have a square root. + + Moreover, not every real matrix has a real square root. Hence, for + real-valued matrices the return type can be complex if, numerically, there + is an eigenvalue on the negative real axis. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : ndarray + Input with last two dimensions are square ``(..., n, n)``. + disp : bool, optional + Print warning if error in the result is estimated large + instead of returning estimated error. (Default: True) + + .. deprecated:: 1.16.0 + The `disp` argument is deprecated and will be + removed in SciPy 1.18.0. The previously returned error estimate + can be computed as ``norm(X @ X - A, 'fro')**2 / norm(A, 'fro')`` + + blocksize : integer, optional + + .. deprecated:: 1.16.0 + The `blocksize` argument is deprecated as it is unused by the algorithm + and will be removed in SciPy 1.18.0. + + Returns + ------- + sqrtm : ndarray + Computed matrix squareroot of `A` with same size ``(..., n, n)``. + + errest : float + Frobenius norm of the estimated error, ||err||_F / ||A||_F. Only + returned, if ``disp`` is set to ``False``. This return argument will be + removed in version 1.20.0 and only the sqrtm result will be returned. + + .. deprecated:: 1.16.0 + + Notes + ----- + This function uses the Schur decomposition method to compute the matrix + square root following [1]_ and for real matrices [2]_. Moreover, note + that, there exist matrices that have square roots that are not polynomials + in ``A``. For a classical example from [2]_, the matrix satisfies:: + + [ a, a**2 + 1]**2 [-1, 0] + [-1, -a] = [ 0, -1] + + for any scalar ``a`` but it is not a polynomial in ``-I``. Thus, they will + not be found by this function. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Edvin Deadman, Nicholas J. Higham, Rui Ralha (2013) + "Blocked Schur Algorithms for Computing the Matrix Square Root, + Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7782. pp. 171-182. + :doi:`10.1016/0024-3795(87)90118-2` + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham (1987) "Computing real square roots of a real + matrix", Linear Algebra and its Applications, 88/89:405-430. + :doi:`10.1016/0024-3795(87)90118-2` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import sqrtm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> r = sqrtm(a) + >>> r + array([[ 0.75592895, 1.13389342], + [ 0.37796447, 1.88982237]]) + >>> r.dot(r) + array([[ 1., 3.], + [ 1., 4.]]) + + """ + if disp is _NoValue: + disp = True + else: + warnings.warn("The `disp` argument is deprecated and will be removed in SciPy " + "1.18.0.", + DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) + if blocksize is not _NoValue: + warnings.warn("The `blocksize` argument is deprecated and will be removed in " + "SciPy 1.18.0.", + DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) + + a = np.asarray(A) + if a.size == 1 and a.ndim < 2: + return np.array([[np.exp(a.item())]]) + + if a.ndim < 2: + raise LinAlgError('The input array must be at least two-dimensional') + if a.shape[-1] != a.shape[-2]: + raise LinAlgError('Last 2 dimensions of the array must be square') + + # Empty array + if min(*a.shape) == 0: + dtype = sqrtm(np.eye(2, dtype=a.dtype)).dtype + return np.empty_like(a, dtype=dtype) + + # Scalar case + if a.shape[-2:] == (1, 1): + return np.emath.sqrt(a) + + if not np.issubdtype(a.dtype, np.inexact): + a = a.astype(np.float64) + elif a.dtype == np.float16: + a = a.astype(np.float32) + elif a.dtype.char in 'G': + a = a.astype(np.complex128) + elif a.dtype.char in 'g': + a = a.astype(np.float64) + + if a.dtype.char not in 'fdFD': + raise TypeError("scipy.linalg.sqrtm is not supported for the data type" + f" {a.dtype}") + + res, isIllconditioned, isSingular, info = recursive_schur_sqrtm(a) + if info < 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"Internal error in scipy.linalg.sqrtm: {info}") + + if isSingular or isIllconditioned: + if isSingular: + msg = ("Matrix is singular. The result might be inaccurate or the" + " array might not have a square root.") + else: + msg = ("Matrix is ill-conditioned. The result might be inaccurate" + " or the array might not have a square root.") + warnings.warn(msg, LinAlgWarning, stacklevel=2) + + if disp is False: + try: + arg2 = norm(res @ res - A, 'fro')**2 / norm(A, 'fro') + except ValueError: + # NaNs in matrix + arg2 = np.inf + return res, arg2 + else: + return res + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def cosm(A): + """ + Compute the matrix cosine. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array + + Returns + ------- + cosm : (N, N) ndarray + Matrix cosine of A + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import expm, sinm, cosm + + Euler's identity (exp(i*theta) = cos(theta) + i*sin(theta)) + applied to a matrix: + + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 3.0]]) + >>> expm(1j*a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + >>> cosm(a) + 1j*sinm(a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + if np.iscomplexobj(A): + return 0.5*(expm(1j*A) + expm(-1j*A)) + else: + return expm(1j*A).real + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def sinm(A): + """ + Compute the matrix sine. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array. + + Returns + ------- + sinm : (N, N) ndarray + Matrix sine of `A` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import expm, sinm, cosm + + Euler's identity (exp(i*theta) = cos(theta) + i*sin(theta)) + applied to a matrix: + + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 3.0]]) + >>> expm(1j*a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + >>> cosm(a) + 1j*sinm(a) + array([[ 0.42645930+1.89217551j, -2.13721484-0.97811252j], + [ 1.06860742+0.48905626j, -1.71075555+0.91406299j]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + if np.iscomplexobj(A): + return -0.5j*(expm(1j*A) - expm(-1j*A)) + else: + return expm(1j*A).imag + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def tanm(A): + """ + Compute the matrix tangent. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array. + + Returns + ------- + tanm : (N, N) ndarray + Matrix tangent of `A` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import tanm, sinm, cosm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> t = tanm(a) + >>> t + array([[ -2.00876993, -8.41880636], + [ -2.80626879, -10.42757629]]) + + Verify tanm(a) = sinm(a).dot(inv(cosm(a))) + + >>> s = sinm(a) + >>> c = cosm(a) + >>> s.dot(np.linalg.inv(c)) + array([[ -2.00876993, -8.41880636], + [ -2.80626879, -10.42757629]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + return _maybe_real(A, solve(cosm(A), sinm(A))) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def coshm(A): + """ + Compute the hyperbolic matrix cosine. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array. + + Returns + ------- + coshm : (N, N) ndarray + Hyperbolic matrix cosine of `A` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import tanhm, sinhm, coshm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> c = coshm(a) + >>> c + array([[ 11.24592233, 38.76236492], + [ 12.92078831, 50.00828725]]) + + Verify tanhm(a) = sinhm(a).dot(inv(coshm(a))) + + >>> t = tanhm(a) + >>> s = sinhm(a) + >>> t - s.dot(np.linalg.inv(c)) + array([[ 2.72004641e-15, 4.55191440e-15], + [ 0.00000000e+00, -5.55111512e-16]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + return _maybe_real(A, 0.5 * (expm(A) + expm(-A))) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def sinhm(A): + """ + Compute the hyperbolic matrix sine. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array. + + Returns + ------- + sinhm : (N, N) ndarray + Hyperbolic matrix sine of `A` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import tanhm, sinhm, coshm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> s = sinhm(a) + >>> s + array([[ 10.57300653, 39.28826594], + [ 13.09608865, 49.86127247]]) + + Verify tanhm(a) = sinhm(a).dot(inv(coshm(a))) + + >>> t = tanhm(a) + >>> c = coshm(a) + >>> t - s.dot(np.linalg.inv(c)) + array([[ 2.72004641e-15, 4.55191440e-15], + [ 0.00000000e+00, -5.55111512e-16]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + return _maybe_real(A, 0.5 * (expm(A) - expm(-A))) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def tanhm(A): + """ + Compute the hyperbolic matrix tangent. + + This routine uses expm to compute the matrix exponentials. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Input array + + Returns + ------- + tanhm : (N, N) ndarray + Hyperbolic matrix tangent of `A` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import tanhm, sinhm, coshm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> t = tanhm(a) + >>> t + array([[ 0.3428582 , 0.51987926], + [ 0.17329309, 0.86273746]]) + + Verify tanhm(a) = sinhm(a).dot(inv(coshm(a))) + + >>> s = sinhm(a) + >>> c = coshm(a) + >>> t - s.dot(np.linalg.inv(c)) + array([[ 2.72004641e-15, 4.55191440e-15], + [ 0.00000000e+00, -5.55111512e-16]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + return _maybe_real(A, solve(coshm(A), sinhm(A))) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def funm(A, func, disp=True): + """ + Evaluate a matrix function specified by a callable. + + Returns the value of matrix-valued function ``f`` at `A`. The + function ``f`` is an extension of the scalar-valued function `func` + to matrices. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix at which to evaluate the function + func : callable + Callable object that evaluates a scalar function f. + Must be vectorized (eg. using vectorize). + disp : bool, optional + Print warning if error in the result is estimated large + instead of returning estimated error. (Default: True) + + Returns + ------- + funm : (N, N) ndarray + Value of the matrix function specified by func evaluated at `A` + errest : float + (if disp == False) + + 1-norm of the estimated error, ||err||_1 / ||A||_1 + + Notes + ----- + This function implements the general algorithm based on Schur decomposition + (Algorithm 9.1.1. in [1]_). + + If the input matrix is known to be diagonalizable, then relying on the + eigendecomposition is likely to be faster. For example, if your matrix is + Hermitian, you can do + + >>> from scipy.linalg import eigh + >>> def funm_herm(a, func, check_finite=False): + ... w, v = eigh(a, check_finite=check_finite) + ... ## if you further know that your matrix is positive semidefinite, + ... ## you can optionally guard against precision errors by doing + ... # w = np.maximum(w, 0) + ... w = func(w) + ... return (v * w).dot(v.conj().T) + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Gene H. Golub, Charles F. van Loan, Matrix Computations 4th ed. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import funm + >>> a = np.array([[1.0, 3.0], [1.0, 4.0]]) + >>> funm(a, lambda x: x*x) + array([[ 4., 15.], + [ 5., 19.]]) + >>> a.dot(a) + array([[ 4., 15.], + [ 5., 19.]]) + + """ + A = _asarray_square(A) + # Perform Shur decomposition (lapack ?gees) + T, Z = schur(A) + T, Z = rsf2csf(T, Z) + n, n = T.shape + F = diag(func(diag(T))) # apply function to diagonal elements + F = F.astype(T.dtype.char) # e.g., when F is real but T is complex + + minden = abs(T[0, 0]) + + # implement Algorithm 11.1.1 from Golub and Van Loan + # "matrix Computations." + F, minden = _funm_loops(F, T, n, minden) + + F = dot(dot(Z, F), transpose(conjugate(Z))) + F = _maybe_real(A, F) + + tol = {0: feps, 1: eps}[_array_precision[F.dtype.char]] + if minden == 0.0: + minden = tol + err = min(1, max(tol, (tol/minden)*norm(triu(T, 1), 1))) + if prod(ravel(logical_not(isfinite(F))), axis=0): + err = np.inf + if disp: + if err > 1000*tol: + print("funm result may be inaccurate, approximate err =", err) + return F + else: + return F, err + + +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2)) +def signm(A, disp=_NoValue): + """ + Matrix sign function. + + Extension of the scalar sign(x) to matrices. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix at which to evaluate the sign function + disp : bool, optional + Print warning if error in the result is estimated large + instead of returning estimated error. (Default: True) + + .. deprecated:: 1.16.0 + The `disp` argument is deprecated and will be + removed in SciPy 1.18.0. The previously returned error estimate + can be computed as ``norm(signm @ signm - signm, 1)``. + + Returns + ------- + signm : (N, N) ndarray + Value of the sign function at `A` + errest : float + (if disp == False) + + 1-norm of the estimated error, ||err||_1 / ||A||_1 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import signm, eigvals + >>> a = [[1,2,3], [1,2,1], [1,1,1]] + >>> eigvals(a) + array([ 4.12488542+0.j, -0.76155718+0.j, 0.63667176+0.j]) + >>> eigvals(signm(a)) + array([-1.+0.j, 1.+0.j, 1.+0.j]) + + """ + if disp is _NoValue: + disp = True + else: + warnings.warn("The `disp` argument is deprecated " + "and will be removed in SciPy 1.18.0.", + DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2) + + A = _asarray_square(A) + + def rounded_sign(x): + rx = np.real(x) + if rx.dtype.char == 'f': + c = 1e3*feps*amax(x) + else: + c = 1e3*eps*amax(x) + return sign((absolute(rx) > c) * rx) + result, errest = funm(A, rounded_sign, disp=0) + errtol = {0: 1e3*feps, 1: 1e3*eps}[_array_precision[result.dtype.char]] + if errest < errtol: + return result + + # Handle signm of defective matrices: + + # See "E.D.Denman and J.Leyva-Ramos, Appl.Math.Comp., + # 8:237-250,1981" for how to improve the following (currently a + # rather naive) iteration process: + + # a = result # sometimes iteration converges faster but where?? + + # Shifting to avoid zero eigenvalues. How to ensure that shifting does + # not change the spectrum too much? + vals = svd(A, compute_uv=False) + max_sv = np.amax(vals) + # min_nonzero_sv = vals[(vals>max_sv*errtol).tolist().count(1)-1] + # c = 0.5/min_nonzero_sv + c = 0.5/max_sv + S0 = A + c*np.identity(A.shape[0]) + prev_errest = errest + for i in range(100): + iS0 = inv(S0) + S0 = 0.5*(S0 + iS0) + Pp = 0.5*(dot(S0, S0)+S0) + errest = norm(dot(Pp, Pp)-Pp, 1) + if errest < errtol or prev_errest == errest: + break + prev_errest = errest + if disp: + if not isfinite(errest) or errest >= errtol: + print("signm result may be inaccurate, approximate err =", errest) + return S0 + else: + return S0, errest + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2)) +def khatri_rao(a, b): + r""" + Khatri-Rao product of two matrices. + + A column-wise Kronecker product of two matrices + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (n, k) array_like + Input array + b : (m, k) array_like + Input array + + Returns + ------- + c: (n*m, k) ndarray + Khatri-rao product of `a` and `b`. + + Notes + ----- + The mathematical definition of the Khatri-Rao product is: + + .. math:: + + (A_{ij} \bigotimes B_{ij})_{ij} + + which is the Kronecker product of every column of A and B, e.g.:: + + c = np.vstack([np.kron(a[:, k], b[:, k]) for k in range(b.shape[1])]).T + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) + >>> b = np.array([[3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [2, 3, 9]]) + >>> linalg.khatri_rao(a, b) + array([[ 3, 8, 15], + [ 6, 14, 24], + [ 2, 6, 27], + [12, 20, 30], + [24, 35, 48], + [ 8, 15, 54]]) + + """ + a = np.asarray(a) + b = np.asarray(b) + + if not (a.ndim == 2 and b.ndim == 2): + raise ValueError("The both arrays should be 2-dimensional.") + + if not a.shape[1] == b.shape[1]: + raise ValueError("The number of columns for both arrays " + "should be equal.") + + # accommodate empty arrays + if a.size == 0 or b.size == 0: + m = a.shape[0] * b.shape[0] + n = a.shape[1] + return np.empty_like(a, shape=(m, n)) + + # c = np.vstack([np.kron(a[:, k], b[:, k]) for k in range(b.shape[1])]).T + c = a[..., :, np.newaxis, :] * b[..., np.newaxis, :, :] + return c.reshape((-1,) + c.shape[2:]) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f9e9182f13ce56dbe5bc79dec16c2fce88f0b950 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:f429e88736ae3494e8b0342405b1446a0addd2a1545f528b8484b09a2fcc6861 +size 105304 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.pyi b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.pyi new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98ca455c6eb06c1e95e6e11d3db2dc346a295fde --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_expm.pyi @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +from numpy.typing import NDArray +from typing import Any + +def pick_pade_structure(a: NDArray[Any]) -> tuple[int, int]: ... + +def pade_UV_calc(Am: NDArray[Any], m: int) -> int: ... diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_inv_ssq.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_inv_ssq.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1decffae2e521f0a9325b873cc33b095a4e3c166 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_inv_ssq.py @@ -0,0 +1,886 @@ +""" +Matrix functions that use Pade approximation with inverse scaling and squaring. + +""" +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from scipy.linalg._matfuncs_sqrtm import SqrtmError, _sqrtm_triu +from scipy.linalg._decomp_schur import schur, rsf2csf +from scipy.linalg._matfuncs import funm +from scipy.linalg import svdvals, solve_triangular +from scipy.sparse.linalg._interface import LinearOperator +from scipy.sparse.linalg import onenormest +import scipy.special + + +class LogmRankWarning(UserWarning): + pass + + +class LogmExactlySingularWarning(LogmRankWarning): + pass + + +class LogmNearlySingularWarning(LogmRankWarning): + pass + + +class LogmError(np.linalg.LinAlgError): + pass + + +class FractionalMatrixPowerError(np.linalg.LinAlgError): + pass + + +#TODO renovate or move this class when scipy operators are more mature +class _MatrixM1PowerOperator(LinearOperator): + """ + A representation of the linear operator (A - I)^p. + """ + + def __init__(self, A, p): + if A.ndim != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected A to be like a square matrix') + if p < 0 or p != int(p): + raise ValueError('expected p to be a non-negative integer') + self._A = A + self._p = p + self.ndim = A.ndim + self.shape = A.shape + + def _matvec(self, x): + for i in range(self._p): + x = self._A.dot(x) - x + return x + + def _rmatvec(self, x): + for i in range(self._p): + x = x.dot(self._A) - x + return x + + def _matmat(self, X): + for i in range(self._p): + X = self._A.dot(X) - X + return X + + def _adjoint(self): + return _MatrixM1PowerOperator(self._A.T, self._p) + + +#TODO renovate or move this function when SciPy operators are more mature +def _onenormest_m1_power(A, p, + t=2, itmax=5, compute_v=False, compute_w=False): + """ + Efficiently estimate the 1-norm of (A - I)^p. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : ndarray + Matrix whose 1-norm of a power is to be computed. + p : int + Non-negative integer power. + t : int, optional + A positive parameter controlling the tradeoff between + accuracy versus time and memory usage. + Larger values take longer and use more memory + but give more accurate output. + itmax : int, optional + Use at most this many iterations. + compute_v : bool, optional + Request a norm-maximizing linear operator input vector if True. + compute_w : bool, optional + Request a norm-maximizing linear operator output vector if True. + + Returns + ------- + est : float + An underestimate of the 1-norm of the sparse matrix. + v : ndarray, optional + The vector such that ||Av||_1 == est*||v||_1. + It can be thought of as an input to the linear operator + that gives an output with particularly large norm. + w : ndarray, optional + The vector Av which has relatively large 1-norm. + It can be thought of as an output of the linear operator + that is relatively large in norm compared to the input. + + """ + return onenormest(_MatrixM1PowerOperator(A, p), + t=t, itmax=itmax, compute_v=compute_v, compute_w=compute_w) + + +def _unwindk(z): + """ + Compute the scalar unwinding number. + + Uses Eq. (5.3) in [1]_, and should be equal to (z - log(exp(z)) / (2 pi i). + Note that this definition differs in sign from the original definition + in equations (5, 6) in [2]_. The sign convention is justified in [3]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + z : complex + A complex number. + + Returns + ------- + unwinding_number : integer + The scalar unwinding number of z. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + .. [2] Robert M. Corless and David J. Jeffrey, + "The unwinding number." Newsletter ACM SIGSAM Bulletin + Volume 30, Issue 2, June 1996, Pages 28-35. + + .. [3] Russell Bradford and Robert M. Corless and James H. Davenport and + David J. Jeffrey and Stephen M. Watt, + "Reasoning about the elementary functions of complex analysis" + Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, + 36: 303-318, 2002. + + """ + return int(np.ceil((z.imag - np.pi) / (2*np.pi))) + + +def _briggs_helper_function(a, k): + """ + Computes r = a^(1 / (2^k)) - 1. + + This is algorithm (2) of [1]_. + The purpose is to avoid a danger of subtractive cancellation. + For more computational efficiency it should probably be cythonized. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : complex + A complex number. + k : integer + A nonnegative integer. + + Returns + ------- + r : complex + The value r = a^(1 / (2^k)) - 1 computed with less cancellation. + + Notes + ----- + The algorithm as formulated in the reference does not handle k=0 or k=1 + correctly, so these are special-cased in this implementation. + This function is intended to not allow `a` to belong to the closed + negative real axis, but this constraint is relaxed. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy (2012) + "A more accurate Briggs method for the logarithm", + Numerical Algorithms, 59 : 393--402. + + """ + if k < 0 or int(k) != k: + raise ValueError('expected a nonnegative integer k') + if k == 0: + return a - 1 + elif k == 1: + return np.sqrt(a) - 1 + else: + k_hat = k + if np.angle(a) >= np.pi / 2: + a = np.sqrt(a) + k_hat = k - 1 + z0 = a - 1 + a = np.sqrt(a) + r = 1 + a + for j in range(1, k_hat): + a = np.sqrt(a) + r = r * (1 + a) + r = z0 / r + return r + + +def _fractional_power_superdiag_entry(l1, l2, t12, p): + """ + Compute a superdiagonal entry of a fractional matrix power. + + This is Eq. (5.6) in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + l1 : complex + A diagonal entry of the matrix. + l2 : complex + A diagonal entry of the matrix. + t12 : complex + A superdiagonal entry of the matrix. + p : float + A fractional power. + + Returns + ------- + f12 : complex + A superdiagonal entry of the fractional matrix power. + + Notes + ----- + Care has been taken to return a real number if possible when + all of the inputs are real numbers. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + """ + if l1 == l2: + f12 = t12 * p * l1**(p-1) + elif abs(l2 - l1) > abs(l1 + l2) / 2: + f12 = t12 * ((l2**p) - (l1**p)) / (l2 - l1) + else: + # This is Eq. (5.5) in [1]. + z = (l2 - l1) / (l2 + l1) + log_l1 = np.log(l1) + log_l2 = np.log(l2) + arctanh_z = np.arctanh(z) + tmp_a = t12 * np.exp((p/2)*(log_l2 + log_l1)) + tmp_u = _unwindk(log_l2 - log_l1) + if tmp_u: + tmp_b = p * (arctanh_z + np.pi * 1j * tmp_u) + else: + tmp_b = p * arctanh_z + tmp_c = 2 * np.sinh(tmp_b) / (l2 - l1) + f12 = tmp_a * tmp_c + return f12 + + +def _logm_superdiag_entry(l1, l2, t12): + """ + Compute a superdiagonal entry of a matrix logarithm. + + This is like Eq. (11.28) in [1]_, except the determination of whether + l1 and l2 are sufficiently far apart has been modified. + + Parameters + ---------- + l1 : complex + A diagonal entry of the matrix. + l2 : complex + A diagonal entry of the matrix. + t12 : complex + A superdiagonal entry of the matrix. + + Returns + ------- + f12 : complex + A superdiagonal entry of the matrix logarithm. + + Notes + ----- + Care has been taken to return a real number if possible when + all of the inputs are real numbers. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham (2008) + "Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation" + ISBN 978-0-898716-46-7 + + """ + if l1 == l2: + f12 = t12 / l1 + elif abs(l2 - l1) > abs(l1 + l2) / 2: + f12 = t12 * (np.log(l2) - np.log(l1)) / (l2 - l1) + else: + z = (l2 - l1) / (l2 + l1) + u = _unwindk(np.log(l2) - np.log(l1)) + if u: + f12 = t12 * 2 * (np.arctanh(z) + np.pi*1j*u) / (l2 - l1) + else: + f12 = t12 * 2 * np.arctanh(z) / (l2 - l1) + return f12 + + +def _inverse_squaring_helper(T0, theta): + """ + A helper function for inverse scaling and squaring for Pade approximation. + + Parameters + ---------- + T0 : (N, N) array_like upper triangular + Matrix involved in inverse scaling and squaring. + theta : indexable + The values theta[1] .. theta[7] must be available. + They represent bounds related to Pade approximation, and they depend + on the matrix function which is being computed. + For example, different values of theta are required for + matrix logarithm than for fractional matrix power. + + Returns + ------- + R : (N, N) array_like upper triangular + Composition of zero or more matrix square roots of T0, minus I. + s : non-negative integer + Number of square roots taken. + m : positive integer + The degree of the Pade approximation. + + Notes + ----- + This subroutine appears as a chunk of lines within + a couple of published algorithms; for example it appears + as lines 4--35 in algorithm (3.1) of [1]_, and + as lines 3--34 in algorithm (4.1) of [2]_. + The instances of 'goto line 38' in algorithm (3.1) of [1]_ + probably mean 'goto line 36' and have been interpreted accordingly. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing Lin (2013) + "An Improved Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers + of a Matrix and their Frechet Derivatives." + + .. [2] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2012) + "Improved Inverse Scaling and Squaring Algorithms + for the Matrix Logarithm." + SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 34 (4). C152-C169. + ISSN 1095-7197 + + """ + if len(T0.shape) != 2 or T0.shape[0] != T0.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected an upper triangular square matrix') + n, n = T0.shape + T = T0 + + # Find s0, the smallest s such that the spectral radius + # of a certain diagonal matrix is at most theta[7]. + # Note that because theta[7] < 1, + # this search will not terminate if any diagonal entry of T is zero. + s0 = 0 + tmp_diag = np.diag(T) + if np.count_nonzero(tmp_diag) != n: + raise Exception('Diagonal entries of T must be nonzero') + while np.max(np.absolute(tmp_diag - 1), initial=0.) > theta[7]: + tmp_diag = np.sqrt(tmp_diag) + s0 += 1 + + # Take matrix square roots of T. + for i in range(s0): + T = _sqrtm_triu(T) + + # Flow control in this section is a little odd. + # This is because I am translating algorithm descriptions + # which have GOTOs in the publication. + s = s0 + k = 0 + d2 = _onenormest_m1_power(T, 2) ** (1/2) + d3 = _onenormest_m1_power(T, 3) ** (1/3) + a2 = max(d2, d3) + m = None + for i in (1, 2): + if a2 <= theta[i]: + m = i + break + while m is None: + if s > s0: + d3 = _onenormest_m1_power(T, 3) ** (1/3) + d4 = _onenormest_m1_power(T, 4) ** (1/4) + a3 = max(d3, d4) + if a3 <= theta[7]: + j1 = min(i for i in (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) if a3 <= theta[i]) + if j1 <= 6: + m = j1 + break + elif a3 / 2 <= theta[5] and k < 2: + k += 1 + T = _sqrtm_triu(T) + s += 1 + continue + d5 = _onenormest_m1_power(T, 5) ** (1/5) + a4 = max(d4, d5) + eta = min(a3, a4) + for i in (6, 7): + if eta <= theta[i]: + m = i + break + if m is not None: + break + T = _sqrtm_triu(T) + s += 1 + + # The subtraction of the identity is redundant here, + # because the diagonal will be replaced for improved numerical accuracy, + # but this formulation should help clarify the meaning of R. + R = T - np.identity(n) + + # Replace the diagonal and first superdiagonal of T0^(1/(2^s)) - I + # using formulas that have less subtractive cancellation. + # Skip this step if the principal branch + # does not exist at T0; this happens when a diagonal entry of T0 + # is negative with imaginary part 0. + has_principal_branch = all(x.real > 0 or x.imag != 0 for x in np.diag(T0)) + if has_principal_branch: + for j in range(n): + a = T0[j, j] + r = _briggs_helper_function(a, s) + R[j, j] = r + p = np.exp2(-s) + for j in range(n-1): + l1 = T0[j, j] + l2 = T0[j+1, j+1] + t12 = T0[j, j+1] + f12 = _fractional_power_superdiag_entry(l1, l2, t12, p) + R[j, j+1] = f12 + + # Return the T-I matrix, the number of square roots, and the Pade degree. + if not np.array_equal(R, np.triu(R)): + raise Exception('R is not upper triangular') + return R, s, m + + +def _fractional_power_pade_constant(i, t): + # A helper function for matrix fractional power. + if i < 1: + raise ValueError('expected a positive integer i') + if not (-1 < t < 1): + raise ValueError('expected -1 < t < 1') + if i == 1: + return -t + elif i % 2 == 0: + j = i // 2 + return (-j + t) / (2 * (2*j - 1)) + elif i % 2 == 1: + j = (i - 1) // 2 + return (-j - t) / (2 * (2*j + 1)) + else: + raise Exception(f'unnexpected value of i, i = {i}') + + +def _fractional_power_pade(R, t, m): + """ + Evaluate the Pade approximation of a fractional matrix power. + + Evaluate the degree-m Pade approximation of R + to the fractional matrix power t using the continued fraction + in bottom-up fashion using algorithm (4.1) in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + R : (N, N) array_like + Upper triangular matrix whose fractional power to evaluate. + t : float + Fractional power between -1 and 1 exclusive. + m : positive integer + Degree of Pade approximation. + + Returns + ------- + U : (N, N) array_like + The degree-m Pade approximation of R to the fractional power t. + This matrix will be upper triangular. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + """ + if m < 1 or int(m) != m: + raise ValueError('expected a positive integer m') + if not (-1 < t < 1): + raise ValueError('expected -1 < t < 1') + R = np.asarray(R) + if len(R.shape) != 2 or R.shape[0] != R.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected an upper triangular square matrix') + n, n = R.shape + ident = np.identity(n) + Y = R * _fractional_power_pade_constant(2*m, t) + for j in range(2*m - 1, 0, -1): + rhs = R * _fractional_power_pade_constant(j, t) + Y = solve_triangular(ident + Y, rhs) + U = ident + Y + if not np.array_equal(U, np.triu(U)): + raise Exception('U is not upper triangular') + return U + + +def _remainder_matrix_power_triu(T, t): + """ + Compute a fractional power of an upper triangular matrix. + + The fractional power is restricted to fractions -1 < t < 1. + This uses algorithm (3.1) of [1]_. + The Pade approximation itself uses algorithm (4.1) of [2]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + T : (N, N) array_like + Upper triangular matrix whose fractional power to evaluate. + t : float + Fractional power between -1 and 1 exclusive. + + Returns + ------- + X : (N, N) array_like + The fractional power of the matrix. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing Lin (2013) + "An Improved Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers + of a Matrix and their Frechet Derivatives." + + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + """ + m_to_theta = { + 1: 1.51e-5, + 2: 2.24e-3, + 3: 1.88e-2, + 4: 6.04e-2, + 5: 1.24e-1, + 6: 2.00e-1, + 7: 2.79e-1, + } + n, n = T.shape + T0 = T + T0_diag = np.diag(T0) + if np.array_equal(T0, np.diag(T0_diag)): + U = np.diag(T0_diag ** t) + else: + R, s, m = _inverse_squaring_helper(T0, m_to_theta) + + # Evaluate the Pade approximation. + # Note that this function expects the negative of the matrix + # returned by the inverse squaring helper. + U = _fractional_power_pade(-R, t, m) + + # Undo the inverse scaling and squaring. + # Be less clever about this + # if the principal branch does not exist at T0; + # this happens when a diagonal entry of T0 + # is negative with imaginary part 0. + eivals = np.diag(T0) + has_principal_branch = all(x.real > 0 or x.imag != 0 for x in eivals) + for i in range(s, -1, -1): + if i < s: + U = U.dot(U) + else: + if has_principal_branch: + p = t * np.exp2(-i) + U[np.diag_indices(n)] = T0_diag ** p + for j in range(n-1): + l1 = T0[j, j] + l2 = T0[j+1, j+1] + t12 = T0[j, j+1] + f12 = _fractional_power_superdiag_entry(l1, l2, t12, p) + U[j, j+1] = f12 + if not np.array_equal(U, np.triu(U)): + raise Exception('U is not upper triangular') + return U + + +def _remainder_matrix_power(A, t): + """ + Compute the fractional power of a matrix, for fractions -1 < t < 1. + + This uses algorithm (3.1) of [1]_. + The Pade approximation itself uses algorithm (4.1) of [2]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (N, N) array_like + Matrix whose fractional power to evaluate. + t : float + Fractional power between -1 and 1 exclusive. + + Returns + ------- + X : (N, N) array_like + The fractional power of the matrix. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing Lin (2013) + "An Improved Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers + of a Matrix and their Frechet Derivatives." + + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + """ + # This code block is copied from numpy.matrix_power(). + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('input must be a square array') + + # Get the number of rows and columns. + n, n = A.shape + + # Triangularize the matrix if necessary, + # attempting to preserve dtype if possible. + if np.array_equal(A, np.triu(A)): + Z = None + T = A + else: + if np.isrealobj(A): + T, Z = schur(A) + if not np.array_equal(T, np.triu(T)): + T, Z = rsf2csf(T, Z) + else: + T, Z = schur(A, output='complex') + + # Zeros on the diagonal of the triangular matrix are forbidden, + # because the inverse scaling and squaring cannot deal with it. + T_diag = np.diag(T) + if np.count_nonzero(T_diag) != n: + raise FractionalMatrixPowerError( + 'cannot use inverse scaling and squaring to find ' + 'the fractional matrix power of a singular matrix') + + # If the triangular matrix is real and has a negative + # entry on the diagonal, then force the matrix to be complex. + if np.isrealobj(T) and np.min(T_diag) < 0: + T = T.astype(complex) + + # Get the fractional power of the triangular matrix, + # and de-triangularize it if necessary. + U = _remainder_matrix_power_triu(T, t) + if Z is not None: + ZH = np.conjugate(Z).T + return Z.dot(U).dot(ZH) + else: + return U + + +def _fractional_matrix_power(A, p): + """ + Compute the fractional power of a matrix. + + See the fractional_matrix_power docstring in matfuncs.py for more info. + + """ + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected a square matrix') + if p == int(p): + return np.linalg.matrix_power(A, int(p)) + # Compute singular values. + s = svdvals(A) + # Inverse scaling and squaring cannot deal with a singular matrix, + # because the process of repeatedly taking square roots + # would not converge to the identity matrix. + if s[-1]: + # Compute the condition number relative to matrix inversion, + # and use this to decide between floor(p) and ceil(p). + k2 = s[0] / s[-1] + p1 = p - np.floor(p) + p2 = p - np.ceil(p) + if p1 * k2 ** (1 - p1) <= -p2 * k2: + a = int(np.floor(p)) + b = p1 + else: + a = int(np.ceil(p)) + b = p2 + try: + R = _remainder_matrix_power(A, b) + Q = np.linalg.matrix_power(A, a) + return Q.dot(R) + except np.linalg.LinAlgError: + pass + # If p is negative then we are going to give up. + # If p is non-negative then we can fall back to generic funm. + if p < 0: + X = np.empty_like(A) + X.fill(np.nan) + return X + else: + p1 = p - np.floor(p) + a = int(np.floor(p)) + b = p1 + R, info = funm(A, lambda x: pow(x, b), disp=False) + Q = np.linalg.matrix_power(A, a) + return Q.dot(R) + + +def _logm_triu(T): + """ + Compute matrix logarithm of an upper triangular matrix. + + The matrix logarithm is the inverse of + expm: expm(logm(`T`)) == `T` + + Parameters + ---------- + T : (N, N) array_like + Upper triangular matrix whose logarithm to evaluate + + Returns + ------- + logm : (N, N) ndarray + Matrix logarithm of `T` + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2012) + "Improved Inverse Scaling and Squaring Algorithms + for the Matrix Logarithm." + SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 34 (4). C152-C169. + ISSN 1095-7197 + + .. [2] Nicholas J. Higham (2008) + "Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation" + ISBN 978-0-898716-46-7 + + .. [3] Nicholas J. Higham and Lijing lin (2011) + "A Schur-Pade Algorithm for Fractional Powers of a Matrix." + SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, + 32 (3). pp. 1056-1078. ISSN 0895-4798 + + """ + T = np.asarray(T) + if len(T.shape) != 2 or T.shape[0] != T.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected an upper triangular square matrix') + n, n = T.shape + + # Construct T0 with the appropriate type, + # depending on the dtype and the spectrum of T. + T_diag = np.diag(T) + keep_it_real = np.isrealobj(T) and np.min(T_diag, initial=0.) >= 0 + if keep_it_real: + T0 = T + else: + T0 = T.astype(complex) + + # Define bounds given in Table (2.1). + theta = (None, + 1.59e-5, 2.31e-3, 1.94e-2, 6.21e-2, + 1.28e-1, 2.06e-1, 2.88e-1, 3.67e-1, + 4.39e-1, 5.03e-1, 5.60e-1, 6.09e-1, + 6.52e-1, 6.89e-1, 7.21e-1, 7.49e-1) + + R, s, m = _inverse_squaring_helper(T0, theta) + + # Evaluate U = 2**s r_m(T - I) using the partial fraction expansion (1.1). + # This requires the nodes and weights + # corresponding to degree-m Gauss-Legendre quadrature. + # These quadrature arrays need to be transformed from the [-1, 1] interval + # to the [0, 1] interval. + nodes, weights = scipy.special.p_roots(m) + nodes = nodes.real + if nodes.shape != (m,) or weights.shape != (m,): + raise Exception('internal error') + nodes = 0.5 + 0.5 * nodes + weights = 0.5 * weights + ident = np.identity(n) + U = np.zeros_like(R) + for alpha, beta in zip(weights, nodes): + U += solve_triangular(ident + beta*R, alpha*R) + U *= np.exp2(s) + + # Skip this step if the principal branch + # does not exist at T0; this happens when a diagonal entry of T0 + # is negative with imaginary part 0. + has_principal_branch = all(x.real > 0 or x.imag != 0 for x in np.diag(T0)) + if has_principal_branch: + + # Recompute diagonal entries of U. + U[np.diag_indices(n)] = np.log(np.diag(T0)) + + # Recompute superdiagonal entries of U. + # This indexing of this code should be renovated + # when newer np.diagonal() becomes available. + for i in range(n-1): + l1 = T0[i, i] + l2 = T0[i+1, i+1] + t12 = T0[i, i+1] + U[i, i+1] = _logm_superdiag_entry(l1, l2, t12) + + # Return the logm of the upper triangular matrix. + if not np.array_equal(U, np.triu(U)): + raise Exception('U is not upper triangular') + return U + + +def _logm_force_nonsingular_triangular_matrix(T, inplace=False): + # The input matrix should be upper triangular. + # The eps is ad hoc and is not meant to be machine precision. + tri_eps = 1e-20 + abs_diag = np.absolute(np.diag(T)) + if np.any(abs_diag == 0): + exact_singularity_msg = 'The logm input matrix is exactly singular.' + warnings.warn(exact_singularity_msg, LogmExactlySingularWarning, stacklevel=3) + if not inplace: + T = T.copy() + n = T.shape[0] + for i in range(n): + if not T[i, i]: + T[i, i] = tri_eps + elif np.any(abs_diag < tri_eps): + near_singularity_msg = 'The logm input matrix may be nearly singular.' + warnings.warn(near_singularity_msg, LogmNearlySingularWarning, stacklevel=3) + return T + + +def _logm(A): + """ + Compute the matrix logarithm. + + See the logm docstring in matfuncs.py for more info. + + Notes + ----- + In this function we look at triangular matrices that are similar + to the input matrix. If any diagonal entry of such a triangular matrix + is exactly zero then the original matrix is singular. + The matrix logarithm does not exist for such matrices, + but in such cases we will pretend that the diagonal entries that are zero + are actually slightly positive by an ad-hoc amount, in the interest + of returning something more useful than NaN. This will cause a warning. + + """ + A = np.asarray(A) + if len(A.shape) != 2 or A.shape[0] != A.shape[1]: + raise ValueError('expected a square matrix') + + # If the input matrix dtype is integer then copy to a float dtype matrix. + if issubclass(A.dtype.type, np.integer): + A = np.asarray(A, dtype=float) + + keep_it_real = np.isrealobj(A) + try: + if np.array_equal(A, np.triu(A)): + A = _logm_force_nonsingular_triangular_matrix(A) + if np.min(np.diag(A), initial=0.) < 0: + A = A.astype(complex) + return _logm_triu(A) + else: + if keep_it_real: + T, Z = schur(A) + if not np.array_equal(T, np.triu(T)): + T, Z = rsf2csf(T, Z) + else: + T, Z = schur(A, output='complex') + T = _logm_force_nonsingular_triangular_matrix(T, inplace=True) + U = _logm_triu(T) + ZH = np.conjugate(Z).T + return Z.dot(U).dot(ZH) + except (SqrtmError, LogmError): + X = np.empty_like(A) + X.fill(np.nan) + return X diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_schur_sqrtm.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_schur_sqrtm.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4fac52cf0cdb2a11a033fdb0a264268b3f38ef8a Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_schur_sqrtm.cpython-312-darwin.so differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..984dcad581b90b06e0442a35d44fc6c06ce3b9b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm.py @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +""" +Matrix square root for general matrices and for upper triangular matrices. + +This module exists to avoid cyclic imports. + +""" +__all__ = [] + +import numpy as np + +# Local imports +from .lapack import ztrsyl, dtrsyl + +class SqrtmError(np.linalg.LinAlgError): + pass + +from ._matfuncs_sqrtm_triu import within_block_loop # noqa: E402 + + +def _sqrtm_triu(T, blocksize=64): + """ + Matrix square root of an upper triangular matrix. + + This is a helper function for `sqrtm` and `logm`. + + Parameters + ---------- + T : (N, N) array_like upper triangular + Matrix whose square root to evaluate + blocksize : int, optional + If the blocksize is not degenerate with respect to the + size of the input array, then use a blocked algorithm. (Default: 64) + + Returns + ------- + sqrtm : (N, N) ndarray + Value of the sqrt function at `T` + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Edvin Deadman, Nicholas J. Higham, Rui Ralha (2013) + "Blocked Schur Algorithms for Computing the Matrix Square Root, + Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 7782. pp. 171-182. + + """ + T_diag = np.diag(T) + keep_it_real = np.isrealobj(T) and np.min(T_diag, initial=0.) >= 0 + + # Cast to complex as necessary + ensure double precision + if not keep_it_real: + T = np.asarray(T, dtype=np.complex128, order="C") + T_diag = np.asarray(T_diag, dtype=np.complex128) + else: + T = np.asarray(T, dtype=np.float64, order="C") + T_diag = np.asarray(T_diag, dtype=np.float64) + + R = np.diag(np.sqrt(T_diag)) + + # Compute the number of blocks to use; use at least one block. + n, n = T.shape + nblocks = max(n // blocksize, 1) + + # Compute the smaller of the two sizes of blocks that + # we will actually use, and compute the number of large blocks. + bsmall, nlarge = divmod(n, nblocks) + blarge = bsmall + 1 + nsmall = nblocks - nlarge + if nsmall * bsmall + nlarge * blarge != n: + raise Exception('internal inconsistency') + + # Define the index range covered by each block. + start_stop_pairs = [] + start = 0 + for count, size in ((nsmall, bsmall), (nlarge, blarge)): + for i in range(count): + start_stop_pairs.append((start, start + size)) + start += size + + # Within-block interactions (Cythonized) + try: + within_block_loop(R, T, start_stop_pairs, nblocks) + except RuntimeError as e: + raise SqrtmError(*e.args) from e + + # Between-block interactions (Cython would give no significant speedup) + for j in range(nblocks): + jstart, jstop = start_stop_pairs[j] + for i in range(j-1, -1, -1): + istart, istop = start_stop_pairs[i] + S = T[istart:istop, jstart:jstop] + if j - i > 1: + S = S - R[istart:istop, istop:jstart].dot(R[istop:jstart, + jstart:jstop]) + + # Invoke LAPACK. + # For more details, see the solve_sylvester implementation + # and the fortran dtrsyl and ztrsyl docs. + Rii = R[istart:istop, istart:istop] + Rjj = R[jstart:jstop, jstart:jstop] + if keep_it_real: + x, scale, info = dtrsyl(Rii, Rjj, S) + else: + x, scale, info = ztrsyl(Rii, Rjj, S) + R[istart:istop, jstart:jstop] = x * scale + + # Return the matrix square root. + return R diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm_triu.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm_triu.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24da1ff02f24037efca3bcd61f628ffcdc76992b Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_matfuncs_sqrtm_triu.cpython-312-darwin.so differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_misc.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_misc.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..27cd442080c8569417694a8a612fe0a461c1a2ca --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_misc.py @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import LinAlgError +from .blas import get_blas_funcs +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs + +__all__ = ['LinAlgError', 'LinAlgWarning', 'norm'] + + +class LinAlgWarning(RuntimeWarning): + """ + The warning emitted when a linear algebra related operation is close + to fail conditions of the algorithm or loss of accuracy is expected. + """ + pass + + +def norm(a, ord=None, axis=None, keepdims=False, check_finite=True): + """ + Matrix or vector norm. + + This function is able to return one of eight different matrix norms, + or one of an infinite number of vector norms (described below), depending + on the value of the ``ord`` parameter. For tensors with rank different from + 1 or 2, only `ord=None` is supported. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : array_like + Input array. If `axis` is None, `a` must be 1-D or 2-D, unless `ord` + is None. If both `axis` and `ord` are None, the 2-norm of + ``a.ravel`` will be returned. + ord : {int, inf, -inf, 'fro', 'nuc', None}, optional + Order of the norm (see table under ``Notes``). inf means NumPy's + `inf` object. + axis : {int, 2-tuple of ints, None}, optional + If `axis` is an integer, it specifies the axis of `a` along which to + compute the vector norms. If `axis` is a 2-tuple, it specifies the + axes that hold 2-D matrices, and the matrix norms of these matrices + are computed. If `axis` is None then either a vector norm (when `a` + is 1-D) or a matrix norm (when `a` is 2-D) is returned. + keepdims : bool, optional + If this is set to True, the axes which are normed over are left in the + result as dimensions with size one. With this option the result will + broadcast correctly against the original `a`. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrix contains only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + n : float or ndarray + Norm of the matrix or vector(s). + + Notes + ----- + For values of ``ord <= 0``, the result is, strictly speaking, not a + mathematical 'norm', but it may still be useful for various numerical + purposes. + + The following norms can be calculated: + + ===== ============================ ========================== + ord norm for matrices norm for vectors + ===== ============================ ========================== + None Frobenius norm 2-norm + 'fro' Frobenius norm -- + 'nuc' nuclear norm -- + inf max(sum(abs(a), axis=1)) max(abs(a)) + -inf min(sum(abs(a), axis=1)) min(abs(a)) + 0 -- sum(a != 0) + 1 max(sum(abs(a), axis=0)) as below + -1 min(sum(abs(a), axis=0)) as below + 2 2-norm (largest sing. value) as below + -2 smallest singular value as below + other -- sum(abs(a)**ord)**(1./ord) + ===== ============================ ========================== + + The Frobenius norm is given by [1]_: + + :math:`||A||_F = [\\sum_{i,j} abs(a_{i,j})^2]^{1/2}` + + The nuclear norm is the sum of the singular values. + + Both the Frobenius and nuclear norm orders are only defined for + matrices. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] G. H. Golub and C. F. Van Loan, *Matrix Computations*, + Baltimore, MD, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985, pg. 15 + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import norm + >>> a = np.arange(9) - 4.0 + >>> a + array([-4., -3., -2., -1., 0., 1., 2., 3., 4.]) + >>> b = a.reshape((3, 3)) + >>> b + array([[-4., -3., -2.], + [-1., 0., 1.], + [ 2., 3., 4.]]) + + >>> norm(a) + 7.745966692414834 + >>> norm(b) + 7.745966692414834 + >>> norm(b, 'fro') + 7.745966692414834 + >>> norm(a, np.inf) + 4.0 + >>> norm(b, np.inf) + 9.0 + >>> norm(a, -np.inf) + 0.0 + >>> norm(b, -np.inf) + 2.0 + + >>> norm(a, 1) + 20.0 + >>> norm(b, 1) + 7.0 + >>> norm(a, -1) + -4.6566128774142013e-010 + >>> norm(b, -1) + 6.0 + >>> norm(a, 2) + 7.745966692414834 + >>> norm(b, 2) + 7.3484692283495345 + + >>> norm(a, -2) + 0.0 + >>> norm(b, -2) + 1.8570331885190563e-016 + >>> norm(a, 3) + 5.8480354764257312 + >>> norm(a, -3) + 0.0 + + """ + # Differs from numpy only in non-finite handling and the use of blas. + if check_finite: + a = np.asarray_chkfinite(a) + else: + a = np.asarray(a) + + if a.size and a.dtype.char in 'fdFD' and axis is None and not keepdims: + + if ord in (None, 2) and (a.ndim == 1): + # use blas for fast and stable euclidean norm + nrm2 = get_blas_funcs('nrm2', dtype=a.dtype, ilp64='preferred') + return nrm2(a) + + if a.ndim == 2: + # Use lapack for a couple fast matrix norms. + # For some reason the *lange frobenius norm is slow. + lange_args = None + # Make sure this works if the user uses the axis keywords + # to apply the norm to the transpose. + if ord == 1: + if np.isfortran(a): + lange_args = '1', a + elif np.isfortran(a.T): + lange_args = 'i', a.T + elif ord == np.inf: + if np.isfortran(a): + lange_args = 'i', a + elif np.isfortran(a.T): + lange_args = '1', a.T + if lange_args: + lange = get_lapack_funcs('lange', dtype=a.dtype, ilp64='preferred') + return lange(*lange_args) + + # fall back to numpy in every other case + return np.linalg.norm(a, ord=ord, axis=axis, keepdims=keepdims) + + +def _datacopied(arr, original): + """ + Strict check for `arr` not sharing any data with `original`, + under the assumption that arr = asarray(original) + + """ + if arr is original: + return False + if not isinstance(original, np.ndarray) and hasattr(original, '__array__'): + return False + return arr.base is None diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_procrustes.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_procrustes.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e3584b85a0be556b1d43db88ba51447e9d62f1fc --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_procrustes.py @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +""" +Solve the orthogonal Procrustes problem. + +""" + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from ._decomp_svd import svd +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_capabilities, _asarray, is_numpy + + +__all__ = ['orthogonal_procrustes'] + + +@xp_capabilities( + jax_jit=False, + skip_backends=[("dask.array", "full_matrices=True is not supported by dask")], +) +@_apply_over_batch(('A', 2), ('B', 2)) +def orthogonal_procrustes(A, B, check_finite=True): + """ + Compute the matrix solution of the orthogonal (or unitary) Procrustes problem. + + Given matrices `A` and `B` of the same shape, find an orthogonal (or unitary in + the case of complex input) matrix `R` that most closely maps `A` to `B` using the + algorithm given in [1]_. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : (M, N) array_like + Matrix to be mapped. + B : (M, N) array_like + Target matrix. + check_finite : bool, optional + Whether to check that the input matrices contain only finite numbers. + Disabling may give a performance gain, but may result in problems + (crashes, non-termination) if the inputs do contain infinities or NaNs. + + Returns + ------- + R : (N, N) ndarray + The matrix solution of the orthogonal Procrustes problem. + Minimizes the Frobenius norm of ``(A @ R) - B``, subject to + ``R.conj().T @ R = I``. + scale : float + Sum of the singular values of ``A.conj().T @ B``. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If the input array shapes don't match or if check_finite is True and + the arrays contain Inf or NaN. + + Notes + ----- + Note that unlike higher level Procrustes analyses of spatial data, this + function only uses orthogonal transformations like rotations and + reflections, and it does not use scaling or translation. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Peter H. Schonemann, "A generalized solution of the orthogonal + Procrustes problem", Psychometrica -- Vol. 31, No. 1, March, 1966. + :doi:`10.1007/BF02289451` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import orthogonal_procrustes + >>> A = np.array([[ 2, 0, 1], [-2, 0, 0]]) + + Flip the order of columns and check for the anti-diagonal mapping + + >>> R, sca = orthogonal_procrustes(A, np.fliplr(A)) + >>> R + array([[-5.34384992e-17, 0.00000000e+00, 1.00000000e+00], + [ 0.00000000e+00, 1.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00], + [ 1.00000000e+00, 0.00000000e+00, -7.85941422e-17]]) + >>> sca + 9.0 + + As an example of the unitary Procrustes problem, generate a + random complex matrix ``A``, a random unitary matrix ``Q``, + and their product ``B``. + + >>> shape = (4, 4) + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng(589234981235) + >>> A = rng.random(shape) + rng.random(shape)*1j + >>> Q = rng.random(shape) + rng.random(shape)*1j + >>> Q, _ = np.linalg.qr(Q) + >>> B = A @ Q + + `orthogonal_procrustes` recovers the unitary matrix ``Q`` + from ``A`` and ``B``. + + >>> R, _ = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + >>> np.allclose(R, Q) + True + + """ + xp = array_namespace(A, B) + + A = _asarray(A, xp=xp, check_finite=check_finite, subok=True) + B = _asarray(B, xp=xp, check_finite=check_finite, subok=True) + + if A.ndim != 2: + raise ValueError(f'expected ndim to be 2, but observed {A.ndim}') + if A.shape != B.shape: + raise ValueError(f'the shapes of A and B differ ({A.shape} vs {B.shape})') + + # Be clever with transposes, with the intention to save memory. + # The conjugate has no effect for real inputs, but gives the correct solution + # for complex inputs. + if is_numpy(xp): + u, w, vt = svd((B.T @ xp.conj(A)).T) + else: + u, w, vt = xp.linalg.svd((B.T @ xp.conj(A)).T) + R = u @ vt + scale = xp.sum(w) + return R, scale diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_sketches.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_sketches.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..129fc005bfd55723b577826c93954d9e66df7c29 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_sketches.py @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +""" Sketching-based Matrix Computations """ + +# Author: Jordi Montes +# August 28, 2017 + +import numpy as np + +from scipy._lib._util import (check_random_state, rng_integers, + _transition_to_rng, _apply_over_batch) + +__all__ = ['clarkson_woodruff_transform'] + + +def cwt_matrix(n_rows, n_columns, rng=None): + r""" + Generate a matrix S which represents a Clarkson-Woodruff transform. + + Given the desired size of matrix, the method returns a matrix S of size + (n_rows, n_columns) where each column has all the entries set to 0 + except for one position which has been randomly set to +1 or -1 with + equal probability. + + Parameters + ---------- + n_rows : int + Number of rows of S + n_columns : int + Number of columns of S + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + + + Returns + ------- + S : (n_rows, n_columns) csc_matrix + The returned matrix has ``n_columns`` nonzero entries. + + Notes + ----- + Given a matrix A, with probability at least 9/10, + .. math:: \|SA\| = (1 \pm \epsilon)\|A\| + Where the error epsilon is related to the size of S. + """ + # lazy import to prevent to prevent sparse dependency for whole module (gh-23420) + from scipy.sparse import csc_matrix + rng = check_random_state(rng) + rows = rng_integers(rng, 0, n_rows, n_columns) + cols = np.arange(n_columns+1) + signs = rng.choice([1, -1], n_columns) + S = csc_matrix((signs, rows, cols), shape=(n_rows, n_columns)) + return S + + +@_transition_to_rng("seed", position_num=2) +def clarkson_woodruff_transform(input_matrix, sketch_size, rng=None): + r""" + Applies a Clarkson-Woodruff Transform/sketch to the input matrix. + + Given an input_matrix ``A`` of size ``(n, d)``, compute a matrix ``A'`` of + size (sketch_size, d) so that + + .. math:: \|Ax\| \approx \|A'x\| + + with high probability via the Clarkson-Woodruff Transform, otherwise + known as the CountSketch matrix. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + input_matrix : array_like, shape (..., n, d) + Input matrix. + sketch_size : int + Number of rows for the sketch. + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + + Returns + ------- + A' : array_like + Sketch of the input matrix ``A``, of size ``(sketch_size, d)``. + + Notes + ----- + To make the statement + + .. math:: \|Ax\| \approx \|A'x\| + + precise, observe the following result which is adapted from the + proof of Theorem 14 of [2]_ via Markov's Inequality. If we have + a sketch size ``sketch_size=k`` which is at least + + .. math:: k \geq \frac{2}{\epsilon^2\delta} + + Then for any fixed vector ``x``, + + .. math:: \|Ax\| = (1\pm\epsilon)\|A'x\| + + with probability at least one minus delta. + + This implementation takes advantage of sparsity: computing + a sketch takes time proportional to ``A.nnz``. Data ``A`` which + is in ``scipy.sparse.csc_matrix`` format gives the quickest + computation time for sparse input. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> from scipy import sparse + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> n_rows, n_columns, density, sketch_n_rows = 15000, 100, 0.01, 200 + >>> A = sparse.rand(n_rows, n_columns, density=density, format='csc') + >>> B = sparse.rand(n_rows, n_columns, density=density, format='csr') + >>> C = sparse.rand(n_rows, n_columns, density=density, format='coo') + >>> D = rng.standard_normal((n_rows, n_columns)) + >>> SA = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(A, sketch_n_rows) # fastest + >>> SB = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(B, sketch_n_rows) # fast + >>> SC = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(C, sketch_n_rows) # slower + >>> SD = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(D, sketch_n_rows) # slowest + + That said, this method does perform well on dense inputs, just slower + on a relative scale. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Kenneth L. Clarkson and David P. Woodruff. Low rank approximation + and regression in input sparsity time. In STOC, 2013. + .. [2] David P. Woodruff. Sketching as a tool for numerical linear algebra. + In Foundations and Trends in Theoretical Computer Science, 2014. + + Examples + -------- + Create a big dense matrix ``A`` for the example: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> n_rows, n_columns = 15000, 100 + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> A = rng.standard_normal((n_rows, n_columns)) + + Apply the transform to create a new matrix with 200 rows: + + >>> sketch_n_rows = 200 + >>> sketch = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(A, sketch_n_rows, seed=rng) + >>> sketch.shape + (200, 100) + + Now with high probability, the true norm is close to the sketched norm + in absolute value. + + >>> linalg.norm(A) + 1224.2812927123198 + >>> linalg.norm(sketch) + 1226.518328407333 + + Similarly, applying our sketch preserves the solution to a linear + regression of :math:`\min \|Ax - b\|`. + + >>> b = rng.standard_normal(n_rows) + >>> x = linalg.lstsq(A, b)[0] + >>> Ab = np.hstack((A, b.reshape(-1, 1))) + >>> SAb = linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(Ab, sketch_n_rows, seed=rng) + >>> SA, Sb = SAb[:, :-1], SAb[:, -1] + >>> x_sketched = linalg.lstsq(SA, Sb)[0] + + As with the matrix norm example, ``linalg.norm(A @ x - b)`` is close + to ``linalg.norm(A @ x_sketched - b)`` with high probability. + + >>> linalg.norm(A @ x - b) + 122.83242365433877 + >>> linalg.norm(A @ x_sketched - b) + 166.58473879945151 + + """ + # lazy import to prevent to prevent sparse dependency for whole module (gh-23420) + from scipy.sparse import issparse + if issparse(input_matrix) and input_matrix.ndim > 2: + message = "Batch support for sparse arrays is not available." + raise NotImplementedError(message) + + S = cwt_matrix(sketch_size, input_matrix.shape[-2], rng=rng) + # Despite argument order (required by decorator), this is S @ input_matrix + # Can avoid _batch_dot when gh-22153 is resolved. + return S @ input_matrix if input_matrix.ndim <= 2 else _batch_dot(input_matrix, S) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('input_matrix', 2)) +def _batch_dot(input_matrix, S): + return S @ input_matrix diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solve_toeplitz.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solve_toeplitz.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..61290bde7184efab876bf3f4f0dfc56d4f39c8de --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solve_toeplitz.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:d0b8ec7387d503f28fb91e9dbf870312b29f99bd928175e3ce287c6a1cce7a29 +size 115256 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solvers.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solvers.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..218fd76676f1e8d6d8092e17c47b3f5d22042b86 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_solvers.py @@ -0,0 +1,880 @@ +"""Matrix equation solver routines""" +# Author: Jeffrey Armstrong +# February 24, 2012 + +# Modified: Chad Fulton +# June 19, 2014 + +# Modified: Ilhan Polat +# September 13, 2016 + +import warnings +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import inv, LinAlgError, norm, cond, svd + +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from ._basic import solve, solve_triangular, matrix_balance +from .lapack import get_lapack_funcs +from ._decomp_schur import schur +from ._decomp_lu import lu +from ._decomp_qr import qr +from ._decomp_qz import ordqz +from ._decomp import _asarray_validated +from ._special_matrices import block_diag + +__all__ = ['solve_sylvester', + 'solve_continuous_lyapunov', 'solve_discrete_lyapunov', + 'solve_lyapunov', + 'solve_continuous_are', 'solve_discrete_are'] + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2), ('q', 2)) +def solve_sylvester(a, b, q): + """ + Computes a solution (X) to the Sylvester equation :math:`AX + XB = Q`. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Leading matrix of the Sylvester equation + b : (N, N) array_like + Trailing matrix of the Sylvester equation + q : (M, N) array_like + Right-hand side + + Returns + ------- + x : (M, N) ndarray + The solution to the Sylvester equation. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + If solution was not found + + Notes + ----- + Computes a solution to the Sylvester matrix equation via the Bartels- + Stewart algorithm. The A and B matrices first undergo Schur + decompositions. The resulting matrices are used to construct an + alternative Sylvester equation (``RY + YS^T = F``) where the R and S + matrices are in quasi-triangular form (or, when R, S or F are complex, + triangular form). The simplified equation is then solved using + ``*TRSYL`` from LAPACK directly. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Examples + -------- + Given `a`, `b`, and `q` solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[-3, -2, 0], [-1, -1, 3], [3, -5, -1]]) + >>> b = np.array([[1]]) + >>> q = np.array([[1],[2],[3]]) + >>> x = linalg.solve_sylvester(a, b, q) + >>> x + array([[ 0.0625], + [-0.5625], + [ 0.6875]]) + >>> np.allclose(a.dot(x) + x.dot(b), q) + True + + """ + # Accommodate empty a + if a.size == 0 or b.size == 0: + tdict = {'s': np.float32, 'd': np.float64, + 'c': np.complex64, 'z': np.complex128} + func, = get_lapack_funcs(('trsyl',), arrays=(a, b, q)) + return np.empty(q.shape, dtype=tdict[func.typecode]) + + # Compute the Schur decomposition form of a + r, u = schur(a, output='real') + + # Compute the Schur decomposition of b + s, v = schur(b.conj().transpose(), output='real') + + # Construct f = u'*q*v + f = np.dot(np.dot(u.conj().transpose(), q), v) + + # Call the Sylvester equation solver + trsyl, = get_lapack_funcs(('trsyl',), (r, s, f)) + if trsyl is None: + raise RuntimeError('LAPACK implementation does not contain a proper ' + 'Sylvester equation solver (TRSYL)') + y, scale, info = trsyl(r, s, f, tranb='C') + + y = scale*y + + if info < 0: + raise LinAlgError(f"Illegal value encountered in the {-info} term") + + return np.dot(np.dot(u, y), v.conj().transpose()) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('q', 2)) +def solve_continuous_lyapunov(a, q): + """ + Solves the continuous Lyapunov equation :math:`AX + XA^H = Q`. + + Uses the Bartels-Stewart algorithm to find :math:`X`. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : array_like + A square matrix + + q : array_like + Right-hand side square matrix + + Returns + ------- + x : ndarray + Solution to the continuous Lyapunov equation + + See Also + -------- + solve_discrete_lyapunov : computes the solution to the discrete-time + Lyapunov equation + solve_sylvester : computes the solution to the Sylvester equation + + Notes + ----- + The continuous Lyapunov equation is a special form of the Sylvester + equation, hence this solver relies on LAPACK routine ?TRSYL. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Examples + -------- + Given `a` and `q` solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[-3, -2, 0], [-1, -1, 0], [0, -5, -1]]) + >>> b = np.array([2, 4, -1]) + >>> q = np.eye(3) + >>> x = linalg.solve_continuous_lyapunov(a, q) + >>> x + array([[ -0.75 , 0.875 , -3.75 ], + [ 0.875 , -1.375 , 5.3125], + [ -3.75 , 5.3125, -27.0625]]) + >>> np.allclose(a.dot(x) + x.dot(a.T), q) + True + """ + + a = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(a, check_finite=True)) + q = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(q, check_finite=True)) + + r_or_c = float + + for ind, _ in enumerate((a, q)): + if np.iscomplexobj(_): + r_or_c = complex + + if not np.equal(*_.shape): + raise ValueError(f"Matrix {'aq'[ind]} should be square.") + + # Shape consistency check + if a.shape != q.shape: + raise ValueError("Matrix a and q should have the same shape.") + + # Accommodate empty array + if a.size == 0: + tdict = {'s': np.float32, 'd': np.float64, + 'c': np.complex64, 'z': np.complex128} + func, = get_lapack_funcs(('trsyl',), arrays=(a, q)) + return np.empty(a.shape, dtype=tdict[func.typecode]) + + # Compute the Schur decomposition form of a + r, u = schur(a, output='real') + + # Construct f = u'*q*u + f = u.conj().T.dot(q.dot(u)) + + # Call the Sylvester equation solver + trsyl = get_lapack_funcs('trsyl', (r, f)) + + dtype_string = 'T' if r_or_c is float else 'C' + y, scale, info = trsyl(r, r, f, tranb=dtype_string) + + if info < 0: + raise ValueError('?TRSYL exited with the internal error ' + f'"illegal value in argument number {-info}.". See ' + 'LAPACK documentation for the ?TRSYL error codes.') + elif info == 1: + warnings.warn('Input "a" has an eigenvalue pair whose sum is ' + 'very close to or exactly zero. The solution is ' + 'obtained via perturbing the coefficients.', + RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2) + y *= scale + + return u.dot(y).dot(u.conj().T) + + +# For backwards compatibility, keep the old name +solve_lyapunov = solve_continuous_lyapunov + + +def _solve_discrete_lyapunov_direct(a, q): + """ + Solves the discrete Lyapunov equation directly. + + This function is called by the `solve_discrete_lyapunov` function with + `method=direct`. It is not supposed to be called directly. + """ + + lhs = np.kron(a, a.conj()) + lhs = np.eye(lhs.shape[0]) - lhs + x = solve(lhs, q.flatten()) + + return np.reshape(x, q.shape) + + +def _solve_discrete_lyapunov_bilinear(a, q): + """ + Solves the discrete Lyapunov equation using a bilinear transformation. + + This function is called by the `solve_discrete_lyapunov` function with + `method=bilinear`. It is not supposed to be called directly. + """ + eye = np.eye(a.shape[0]) + aH = a.conj().transpose() + aHI_inv = inv(aH + eye) + b = np.dot(aH - eye, aHI_inv) + c = 2*np.dot(np.dot(inv(a + eye), q), aHI_inv) + return solve_lyapunov(b.conj().transpose(), -c) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('q', 2)) +def solve_discrete_lyapunov(a, q, method=None): + """ + Solves the discrete Lyapunov equation :math:`AXA^H - X + Q = 0`. + + Parameters + ---------- + a, q : (M, M) array_like + Square matrices corresponding to A and Q in the equation + above respectively. Must have the same shape. + + method : {'direct', 'bilinear'}, optional + Type of solver. + + If not given, chosen to be ``direct`` if ``M`` is less than 10 and + ``bilinear`` otherwise. + + Returns + ------- + x : ndarray + Solution to the discrete Lyapunov equation + + See Also + -------- + solve_continuous_lyapunov : computes the solution to the continuous-time + Lyapunov equation + + Notes + ----- + This section describes the available solvers that can be selected by the + 'method' parameter. The default method is *direct* if ``M`` is less than 10 + and ``bilinear`` otherwise. + + Method *direct* uses a direct analytical solution to the discrete Lyapunov + equation. The algorithm is given in, for example, [1]_. However, it requires + the linear solution of a system with dimension :math:`M^2` so that + performance degrades rapidly for even moderately sized matrices. + + Method *bilinear* uses a bilinear transformation to convert the discrete + Lyapunov equation to a continuous Lyapunov equation :math:`(BX+XB'=-C)` + where :math:`B=(A-I)(A+I)^{-1}` and + :math:`C=2(A' + I)^{-1} Q (A + I)^{-1}`. The continuous equation can be + efficiently solved since it is a special case of a Sylvester equation. + The transformation algorithm is from Popov (1964) as described in [2]_. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] "Lyapunov equation", Wikipedia, + https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyapunov_equation#Discrete_time + .. [2] Gajic, Z., and M.T.J. Qureshi. 2008. + Lyapunov Matrix Equation in System Stability and Control. + Dover Books on Engineering Series. Dover Publications. + + Examples + -------- + Given `a` and `q` solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[0.2, 0.5],[0.7, -0.9]]) + >>> q = np.eye(2) + >>> x = linalg.solve_discrete_lyapunov(a, q) + >>> x + array([[ 0.70872893, 1.43518822], + [ 1.43518822, -2.4266315 ]]) + >>> np.allclose(a.dot(x).dot(a.T)-x, -q) + True + + """ + a = np.asarray(a) + q = np.asarray(q) + if method is None: + # Select automatically based on size of matrices + if a.shape[0] >= 10: + method = 'bilinear' + else: + method = 'direct' + + meth = method.lower() + + if meth == 'direct': + x = _solve_discrete_lyapunov_direct(a, q) + elif meth == 'bilinear': + x = _solve_discrete_lyapunov_bilinear(a, q) + else: + raise ValueError(f'Unknown solver {method}') + + return x + + +def solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r, e=None, s=None, balanced=True): + r""" + Solves the continuous-time algebraic Riccati equation (CARE). + + The CARE is defined as + + .. math:: + + X A + A^H X - X B R^{-1} B^H X + Q = 0 + + The limitations for a solution to exist are : + + * All eigenvalues of :math:`A` on the right half plane, should be + controllable. + + * The associated hamiltonian pencil (See Notes), should have + eigenvalues sufficiently away from the imaginary axis. + + Moreover, if ``e`` or ``s`` is not precisely ``None``, then the + generalized version of CARE + + .. math:: + + E^HXA + A^HXE - (E^HXB + S) R^{-1} (B^HXE + S^H) + Q = 0 + + is solved. When omitted, ``e`` is assumed to be the identity and ``s`` + is assumed to be the zero matrix with sizes compatible with ``a`` and + ``b``, respectively. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Square matrix + b : (M, N) array_like + Input + q : (M, M) array_like + Input + r : (N, N) array_like + Nonsingular square matrix + e : (M, M) array_like, optional + Nonsingular square matrix + s : (M, N) array_like, optional + Input + balanced : bool, optional + The boolean that indicates whether a balancing step is performed + on the data. The default is set to True. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M, M) ndarray + Solution to the continuous-time algebraic Riccati equation. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + For cases where the stable subspace of the pencil could not be + isolated. See Notes section and the references for details. + + See Also + -------- + solve_discrete_are : Solves the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation + + Notes + ----- + The equation is solved by forming the extended hamiltonian matrix pencil, + as described in [1]_, :math:`H - \lambda J` given by the block matrices :: + + [ A 0 B ] [ E 0 0 ] + [-Q -A^H -S ] - \lambda * [ 0 E^H 0 ] + [ S^H B^H R ] [ 0 0 0 ] + + and using a QZ decomposition method. + + In this algorithm, the fail conditions are linked to the symmetry + of the product :math:`U_2 U_1^{-1}` and condition number of + :math:`U_1`. Here, :math:`U` is the 2m-by-m matrix that holds the + eigenvectors spanning the stable subspace with 2-m rows and partitioned + into two m-row matrices. See [1]_ and [2]_ for more details. + + In order to improve the QZ decomposition accuracy, the pencil goes + through a balancing step where the sum of absolute values of + :math:`H` and :math:`J` entries (after removing the diagonal entries of + the sum) is balanced following the recipe given in [3]_. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. van Dooren , "A Generalized Eigenvalue Approach For Solving + Riccati Equations.", SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical + Computing, Vol.2(2), :doi:`10.1137/0902010` + + .. [2] A.J. Laub, "A Schur Method for Solving Algebraic Riccati + Equations.", Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for + Information and Decision Systems. LIDS-R ; 859. Available online : + http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/1301 + + .. [3] P. Benner, "Symplectic Balancing of Hamiltonian Matrices", 2001, + SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 2001, Vol.22(5), :doi:`10.1137/S1064827500367993` + + Examples + -------- + Given `a`, `b`, `q`, and `r` solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg + >>> a = np.array([[4, 3], [-4.5, -3.5]]) + >>> b = np.array([[1], [-1]]) + >>> q = np.array([[9, 6], [6, 4.]]) + >>> r = 1 + >>> x = linalg.solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r) + >>> x + array([[ 21.72792206, 14.48528137], + [ 14.48528137, 9.65685425]]) + >>> np.allclose(a.T.dot(x) + x.dot(a)-x.dot(b).dot(b.T).dot(x), -q) + True + + """ + # ensure that all arguments are present when using `_apply_over_batch` (gh-23336) + return _solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r, e, s, balanced) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2), ('q', 2), ('r', 2), ('e', 2), ('s', 2)) +def _solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r, e, s, balanced): + # Validate input arguments + a, b, q, r, e, s, m, n, r_or_c, gen_are = _are_validate_args( + a, b, q, r, e, s, 'care') + + H = np.empty((2*m+n, 2*m+n), dtype=r_or_c) + H[:m, :m] = a + H[:m, m:2*m] = 0. + H[:m, 2*m:] = b + H[m:2*m, :m] = -q + H[m:2*m, m:2*m] = -a.conj().T + H[m:2*m, 2*m:] = 0. if s is None else -s + H[2*m:, :m] = 0. if s is None else s.conj().T + H[2*m:, m:2*m] = b.conj().T + H[2*m:, 2*m:] = r + + if gen_are and e is not None: + J = block_diag(e, e.conj().T, np.zeros_like(r, dtype=r_or_c)) + else: + J = block_diag(np.eye(2*m), np.zeros_like(r, dtype=r_or_c)) + + if balanced: + # xGEBAL does not remove the diagonals before scaling. Also + # to avoid destroying the Symplectic structure, we follow Ref.3 + M = np.abs(H) + np.abs(J) + np.fill_diagonal(M, 0.) + _, (sca, _) = matrix_balance(M, separate=1, permute=0) + # do we need to bother? + if not np.allclose(sca, np.ones_like(sca)): + # Now impose diag(D,inv(D)) from Benner where D is + # square root of s_i/s_(n+i) for i=0,.... + sca = np.log2(sca) + # NOTE: Py3 uses "Bankers Rounding: round to the nearest even" !! + s = np.round((sca[m:2*m] - sca[:m])/2) + sca = 2 ** np.r_[s, -s, sca[2*m:]] + # Elementwise multiplication via broadcasting. + elwisescale = sca[:, None] * np.reciprocal(sca) + H *= elwisescale + J *= elwisescale + + # Deflate the pencil to 2m x 2m ala Ref.1, eq.(55) + q, r = qr(H[:, -n:]) + H = q[:, n:].conj().T.dot(H[:, :2*m]) + J = q[:2*m, n:].conj().T.dot(J[:2*m, :2*m]) + + # Decide on which output type is needed for QZ + out_str = 'real' if r_or_c is float else 'complex' + + _, _, _, _, _, u = ordqz(H, J, sort='lhp', overwrite_a=True, + overwrite_b=True, check_finite=False, + output=out_str) + + # Get the relevant parts of the stable subspace basis + if e is not None: + u, _ = qr(np.vstack((e.dot(u[:m, :m]), u[m:, :m]))) + u00 = u[:m, :m] + u10 = u[m:, :m] + + # Solve via back-substituion after checking the condition of u00 + up, ul, uu = lu(u00) + if 1/cond(uu) < np.spacing(1.): + raise LinAlgError('Failed to find a finite solution.') + + # Exploit the triangular structure + x = solve_triangular(ul.conj().T, + solve_triangular(uu.conj().T, + u10.conj().T, + lower=True), + unit_diagonal=True, + ).conj().T.dot(up.conj().T) + if balanced: + x *= sca[:m, None] * sca[:m] + + # Check the deviation from symmetry for lack of success + # See proof of Thm.5 item 3 in [2] + u_sym = u00.conj().T.dot(u10) + n_u_sym = norm(u_sym, 1) + u_sym = u_sym - u_sym.conj().T + sym_threshold = np.max([np.spacing(1000.), 0.1*n_u_sym]) + + if norm(u_sym, 1) > sym_threshold: + raise LinAlgError('The associated Hamiltonian pencil has eigenvalues ' + 'too close to the imaginary axis') + + return (x + x.conj().T)/2 + + +def solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r, e=None, s=None, balanced=True): + r""" + Solves the discrete-time algebraic Riccati equation (DARE). + + The DARE is defined as + + .. math:: + + A^HXA - X - (A^HXB) (R + B^HXB)^{-1} (B^HXA) + Q = 0 + + The limitations for a solution to exist are : + + * All eigenvalues of :math:`A` outside the unit disc, should be + controllable. + + * The associated symplectic pencil (See Notes), should have + eigenvalues sufficiently away from the unit circle. + + Moreover, if ``e`` and ``s`` are not both precisely ``None``, then the + generalized version of DARE + + .. math:: + + A^HXA - E^HXE - (A^HXB+S) (R+B^HXB)^{-1} (B^HXA+S^H) + Q = 0 + + is solved. When omitted, ``e`` is assumed to be the identity and ``s`` + is assumed to be the zero matrix. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (M, M) array_like + Square matrix + b : (M, N) array_like + Input + q : (M, M) array_like + Input + r : (N, N) array_like + Square matrix + e : (M, M) array_like, optional + Nonsingular square matrix + s : (M, N) array_like, optional + Input + balanced : bool + The boolean that indicates whether a balancing step is performed + on the data. The default is set to True. + + Returns + ------- + x : (M, M) ndarray + Solution to the discrete algebraic Riccati equation. + + Raises + ------ + LinAlgError + For cases where the stable subspace of the pencil could not be + isolated. See Notes section and the references for details. + + See Also + -------- + solve_continuous_are : Solves the continuous algebraic Riccati equation + + Notes + ----- + The equation is solved by forming the extended symplectic matrix pencil, + as described in [1]_, :math:`H - \lambda J` given by the block matrices :: + + [ A 0 B ] [ E 0 B ] + [ -Q E^H -S ] - \lambda * [ 0 A^H 0 ] + [ S^H 0 R ] [ 0 -B^H 0 ] + + and using a QZ decomposition method. + + In this algorithm, the fail conditions are linked to the symmetry + of the product :math:`U_2 U_1^{-1}` and condition number of + :math:`U_1`. Here, :math:`U` is the 2m-by-m matrix that holds the + eigenvectors spanning the stable subspace with 2-m rows and partitioned + into two m-row matrices. See [1]_ and [2]_ for more details. + + In order to improve the QZ decomposition accuracy, the pencil goes + through a balancing step where the sum of absolute values of + :math:`H` and :math:`J` rows/cols (after removing the diagonal entries) + is balanced following the recipe given in [3]_. If the data has small + numerical noise, balancing may amplify their effects and some clean up + is required. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. van Dooren , "A Generalized Eigenvalue Approach For Solving + Riccati Equations.", SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical + Computing, Vol.2(2), :doi:`10.1137/0902010` + + .. [2] A.J. Laub, "A Schur Method for Solving Algebraic Riccati + Equations.", Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for + Information and Decision Systems. LIDS-R ; 859. Available online : + http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/1301 + + .. [3] P. Benner, "Symplectic Balancing of Hamiltonian Matrices", 2001, + SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 2001, Vol.22(5), :doi:`10.1137/S1064827500367993` + + Examples + -------- + Given `a`, `b`, `q`, and `r` solve for `x`: + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy import linalg as la + >>> a = np.array([[0, 1], [0, -1]]) + >>> b = np.array([[1, 0], [2, 1]]) + >>> q = np.array([[-4, -4], [-4, 7]]) + >>> r = np.array([[9, 3], [3, 1]]) + >>> x = la.solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r) + >>> x + array([[-4., -4.], + [-4., 7.]]) + >>> R = la.solve(r + b.T.dot(x).dot(b), b.T.dot(x).dot(a)) + >>> np.allclose(a.T.dot(x).dot(a) - x - a.T.dot(x).dot(b).dot(R), -q) + True + + """ + # ensure that all arguments are present when using `_apply_over_batch` (gh-23336) + return _solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r, e, s, balanced) + + +@_apply_over_batch(('a', 2), ('b', 2), ('q', 2), ('r', 2), ('e', 2), ('s', 2)) +def _solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r, e, s, balanced): + # Validate input arguments + a, b, q, r, e, s, m, n, r_or_c, gen_are = _are_validate_args( + a, b, q, r, e, s, 'dare') + + # Form the matrix pencil + H = np.zeros((2*m+n, 2*m+n), dtype=r_or_c) + H[:m, :m] = a + H[:m, 2*m:] = b + H[m:2*m, :m] = -q + H[m:2*m, m:2*m] = np.eye(m) if e is None else e.conj().T + H[m:2*m, 2*m:] = 0. if s is None else -s + H[2*m:, :m] = 0. if s is None else s.conj().T + H[2*m:, 2*m:] = r + + J = np.zeros_like(H, dtype=r_or_c) + J[:m, :m] = np.eye(m) if e is None else e + J[m:2*m, m:2*m] = a.conj().T + J[2*m:, m:2*m] = -b.conj().T + + if balanced: + # xGEBAL does not remove the diagonals before scaling. Also + # to avoid destroying the Symplectic structure, we follow Ref.3 + M = np.abs(H) + np.abs(J) + np.fill_diagonal(M, 0.) + _, (sca, _) = matrix_balance(M, separate=1, permute=0) + # do we need to bother? + if not np.allclose(sca, np.ones_like(sca)): + # Now impose diag(D,inv(D)) from Benner where D is + # square root of s_i/s_(n+i) for i=0,.... + sca = np.log2(sca) + # NOTE: Py3 uses "Bankers Rounding: round to the nearest even" !! + s = np.round((sca[m:2*m] - sca[:m])/2) + sca = 2 ** np.r_[s, -s, sca[2*m:]] + # Elementwise multiplication via broadcasting. + elwisescale = sca[:, None] * np.reciprocal(sca) + H *= elwisescale + J *= elwisescale + + # Deflate the pencil by the R column ala Ref.1 + q_of_qr, _ = qr(H[:, -n:]) + H = q_of_qr[:, n:].conj().T.dot(H[:, :2*m]) + J = q_of_qr[:, n:].conj().T.dot(J[:, :2*m]) + + # Decide on which output type is needed for QZ + out_str = 'real' if r_or_c is float else 'complex' + + _, _, _, _, _, u = ordqz(H, J, sort='iuc', + overwrite_a=True, + overwrite_b=True, + check_finite=False, + output=out_str) + + # Get the relevant parts of the stable subspace basis + if e is not None: + u, _ = qr(np.vstack((e.dot(u[:m, :m]), u[m:, :m]))) + u00 = u[:m, :m] + u10 = u[m:, :m] + + # Solve via back-substituion after checking the condition of u00 + up, ul, uu = lu(u00) + + if 1/cond(uu) < np.spacing(1.): + raise LinAlgError('Failed to find a finite solution.') + + # Exploit the triangular structure + x = solve_triangular(ul.conj().T, + solve_triangular(uu.conj().T, + u10.conj().T, + lower=True), + unit_diagonal=True, + ).conj().T.dot(up.conj().T) + if balanced: + x *= sca[:m, None] * sca[:m] + + # Check the deviation from symmetry for lack of success + # See proof of Thm.5 item 3 in [2] + u_sym = u00.conj().T.dot(u10) + n_u_sym = norm(u_sym, 1) + u_sym = u_sym - u_sym.conj().T + sym_threshold = np.max([np.spacing(1000.), 0.1*n_u_sym]) + + if norm(u_sym, 1) > sym_threshold: + raise LinAlgError('The associated symplectic pencil has eigenvalues ' + 'too close to the unit circle') + + return (x + x.conj().T)/2 + + +def _are_validate_args(a, b, q, r, e, s, eq_type='care'): + """ + A helper function to validate the arguments supplied to the + Riccati equation solvers. Any discrepancy found in the input + matrices leads to a ``ValueError`` exception. + + Essentially, it performs: + + - a check whether the input is free of NaN and Infs + - a pass for the data through ``numpy.atleast_2d()`` + - squareness check of the relevant arrays + - shape consistency check of the arrays + - singularity check of the relevant arrays + - symmetricity check of the relevant matrices + - a check whether the regular or the generalized version is asked. + + This function is used by ``solve_continuous_are`` and + ``solve_discrete_are``. + + Parameters + ---------- + a, b, q, r, e, s : array_like + Input data + eq_type : str + Accepted arguments are 'care' and 'dare'. + + Returns + ------- + a, b, q, r, e, s : ndarray + Regularized input data + m, n : int + shape of the problem + r_or_c : type + Data type of the problem, returns float or complex + gen_or_not : bool + Type of the equation, True for generalized and False for regular ARE. + + """ + + if eq_type.lower() not in ("dare", "care"): + raise ValueError("Equation type unknown. " + "Only 'care' and 'dare' is understood") + + a = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(a, check_finite=True)) + b = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(b, check_finite=True)) + q = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(q, check_finite=True)) + r = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(r, check_finite=True)) + + # Get the correct data types otherwise NumPy complains + # about pushing complex numbers into real arrays. + r_or_c = complex if np.iscomplexobj(b) else float + + for ind, mat in enumerate((a, q, r)): + if np.iscomplexobj(mat): + r_or_c = complex + + if not np.equal(*mat.shape): + raise ValueError(f"Matrix {'aqr'[ind]} should be square.") + + # Shape consistency checks + m, n = b.shape + if m != a.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("Matrix a and b should have the same number of rows.") + if m != q.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("Matrix a and q should have the same shape.") + if n != r.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("Matrix b and r should have the same number of cols.") + + # Check if the data matrices q, r are (sufficiently) hermitian + for ind, mat in enumerate((q, r)): + if norm(mat - mat.conj().T, 1) > np.spacing(norm(mat, 1))*100: + raise ValueError(f"Matrix {'qr'[ind]} should be symmetric/hermitian.") + + # Continuous time ARE should have a nonsingular r matrix. + if eq_type == 'care': + min_sv = svd(r, compute_uv=False)[-1] + if min_sv == 0. or min_sv < np.spacing(1.)*norm(r, 1): + raise ValueError('Matrix r is numerically singular.') + + # Check if the generalized case is required with omitted arguments + # perform late shape checking etc. + generalized_case = e is not None or s is not None + + if generalized_case: + if e is not None: + e = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(e, check_finite=True)) + if not np.equal(*e.shape): + raise ValueError("Matrix e should be square.") + if m != e.shape[0]: + raise ValueError("Matrix a and e should have the same shape.") + # numpy.linalg.cond doesn't check for exact zeros and + # emits a runtime warning. Hence the following manual check. + min_sv = svd(e, compute_uv=False)[-1] + if min_sv == 0. or min_sv < np.spacing(1.) * norm(e, 1): + raise ValueError('Matrix e is numerically singular.') + if np.iscomplexobj(e): + r_or_c = complex + if s is not None: + s = np.atleast_2d(_asarray_validated(s, check_finite=True)) + if s.shape != b.shape: + raise ValueError("Matrix b and s should have the same shape.") + if np.iscomplexobj(s): + r_or_c = complex + + return a, b, q, r, e, s, m, n, r_or_c, generalized_case diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_special_matrices.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_special_matrices.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a43b5510934704d29d7bea0b848b7fc8199fa42 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_special_matrices.py @@ -0,0 +1,1311 @@ +import math +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import as_strided +from scipy._lib._util import _apply_over_batch +from scipy._lib._array_api import array_namespace, xp_capabilities, xp_size +import scipy._lib.array_api_extra as xpx + + +__all__ = ['toeplitz', 'circulant', 'hankel', + 'hadamard', 'leslie', 'block_diag', 'companion', + 'helmert', 'hilbert', 'invhilbert', 'pascal', 'invpascal', 'dft', + 'fiedler', 'fiedler_companion', 'convolution_matrix'] + + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# matrix construction functions +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +def toeplitz(c, r=None): + r""" + Construct a Toeplitz matrix. + + The Toeplitz matrix has constant diagonals, with c as its first column + and r as its first row. If r is not given, ``r == conjugate(c)`` is + assumed. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : array_like + First column of the matrix. + r : array_like, optional + First row of the matrix. If None, ``r = conjugate(c)`` is assumed; + in this case, if c[0] is real, the result is a Hermitian matrix. + r[0] is ignored; the first row of the returned matrix is + ``[c[0], r[1:]]``. + + Returns + ------- + A : (len(c), len(r)) ndarray + The Toeplitz matrix. Dtype is the same as ``(c[0] + r[0]).dtype``. + + See Also + -------- + circulant : circulant matrix + hankel : Hankel matrix + solve_toeplitz : Solve a Toeplitz system. + + Notes + ----- + The behavior when `c` or `r` is a scalar, or when `c` is complex and + `r` is None, was changed in version 0.8.0. The behavior in previous + versions was undocumented and is no longer supported. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import toeplitz + >>> toeplitz([1,2,3], [1,4,5,6]) + array([[1, 4, 5, 6], + [2, 1, 4, 5], + [3, 2, 1, 4]]) + >>> toeplitz([1.0, 2+3j, 4-1j]) + array([[ 1.+0.j, 2.-3.j, 4.+1.j], + [ 2.+3.j, 1.+0.j, 2.-3.j], + [ 4.-1.j, 2.+3.j, 1.+0.j]]) + + """ + c = np.atleast_1d(c) + if r is None: + r = c.conjugate() + else: + r = np.atleast_1d(r) + return _toeplitz(c, r) + + +@_apply_over_batch(("c", 1), ("r", 1)) +def _toeplitz(c, r): + # Form a 1-D array containing a reversed c followed by r[1:] that could be + # strided to give us toeplitz matrix. + vals = np.concatenate((c[::-1], r[1:])) + out_shp = len(c), len(r) + n = vals.strides[0] + return as_strided(vals[len(c)-1:], shape=out_shp, strides=(-n, n)).copy() + + +def circulant(c): + """ + Construct a circulant matrix. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : (..., N,) array_like + The first column(s) of the matrix. Multidimensional arrays are treated as a + batch: each slice along the last axis is the first column of an output matrix. + + Returns + ------- + A : (..., N, N) ndarray + A circulant matrix whose first column is given by `c`. For batch input, each + slice of shape ``(N, N)`` along the last two dimensions of the output + corresponds with a slice of shape ``(N,)`` along the last dimension of the + input. + + + See Also + -------- + toeplitz : Toeplitz matrix + hankel : Hankel matrix + solve_circulant : Solve a circulant system. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.8.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import circulant + >>> circulant([1, 2, 3]) + array([[1, 3, 2], + [2, 1, 3], + [3, 2, 1]]) + + >>> circulant([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) + array([[[1, 3, 2], + [2, 1, 3], + [3, 2, 1]], + [[4, 6, 5], + [5, 4, 6], + [6, 5, 4]]]) + """ + c = np.atleast_1d(c) + batch_shape, N = c.shape[:-1], c.shape[-1] + # Need to use `prod(batch_shape)` instead of `-1` in case array has zero size + c = c.reshape(math.prod(batch_shape), N) if batch_shape else c + # Form an extended array that could be strided to give circulant version + c_ext = np.concatenate((c[..., ::-1], c[..., :0:-1]), axis=-1).ravel() + L = c.shape[-1] + n = c_ext.strides[-1] + if c.ndim == 1: + A = as_strided(c_ext[L-1:], shape=(L, L), strides=(-n, n)) + else: + m = c.shape[0] + A = as_strided(c_ext[L-1:], shape=(m, L, L), strides=(n*(2*L-1), -n, n)) + return A.reshape(batch_shape + (N, N)).copy() + + +def hankel(c, r=None): + r""" + Construct a Hankel matrix. + + The Hankel matrix has constant anti-diagonals, with `c` as its + first column and `r` as its last row. If the first element of `r` + differs from the last element of `c`, the first element of `r` is + replaced by the last element of `c` to ensure that anti-diagonals + remain constant. If `r` is not given, then `r = zeros_like(c)` is + assumed. + + Parameters + ---------- + c : array_like + First column of the matrix. + r : array_like, optional + Last row of the matrix. If None, ``r = zeros_like(c)`` is assumed. + r[0] is ignored; the last row of the returned matrix is + ``[c[-1], r[1:]]``. + + .. warning:: + + Beginning in SciPy 1.19, multidimensional input will be treated as a batch, + not ``ravel``\ ed. To preserve the existing behavior, ``ravel`` arguments + before passing them to `toeplitz`. + + Returns + ------- + A : (len(c), len(r)) ndarray + The Hankel matrix. Dtype is the same as ``(c[0] + r[0]).dtype``. + + See Also + -------- + toeplitz : Toeplitz matrix + circulant : circulant matrix + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import hankel + >>> hankel([1, 17, 99]) + array([[ 1, 17, 99], + [17, 99, 0], + [99, 0, 0]]) + >>> hankel([1,2,3,4], [4,7,7,8,9]) + array([[1, 2, 3, 4, 7], + [2, 3, 4, 7, 7], + [3, 4, 7, 7, 8], + [4, 7, 7, 8, 9]]) + + """ + c = np.asarray(c) + if r is None: + r = np.zeros_like(c) + else: + r = np.asarray(r) + + if c.ndim > 1 or r.ndim > 1: + msg = ("Beginning in SciPy 1.19, multidimensional input will be treated as a " + "batch, not `ravel`ed. To preserve the existing behavior and silence " + "this warning, `ravel` arguments before passing them to `hankel`.") + warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning, stacklevel=2) + c, r = c.ravel(), r.ravel() + + # Form a 1-D array of values to be used in the matrix, containing `c` + # followed by r[1:]. + vals = np.concatenate((c, r[1:])) + # Stride on concatenated array to get hankel matrix + out_shp = len(c), len(r) + n = vals.strides[0] + return as_strided(vals, shape=out_shp, strides=(n, n)).copy() + + +def hadamard(n, dtype=int): + """ + Construct an Hadamard matrix. + + Constructs an n-by-n Hadamard matrix, using Sylvester's + construction. `n` must be a power of 2. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The order of the matrix. `n` must be a power of 2. + dtype : dtype, optional + The data type of the array to be constructed. + + Returns + ------- + H : (n, n) ndarray + The Hadamard matrix. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.8.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import hadamard + >>> hadamard(2, dtype=complex) + array([[ 1.+0.j, 1.+0.j], + [ 1.+0.j, -1.-0.j]]) + >>> hadamard(4) + array([[ 1, 1, 1, 1], + [ 1, -1, 1, -1], + [ 1, 1, -1, -1], + [ 1, -1, -1, 1]]) + + """ + + # This function is a slightly modified version of the + # function contributed by Ivo in ticket #675. + + if n < 1: + lg2 = 0 + else: + lg2 = int(math.log(n, 2)) + if 2 ** lg2 != n: + raise ValueError("n must be an positive integer, and n must be " + "a power of 2") + + H = np.array([[1]], dtype=dtype) + + # Sylvester's construction + for i in range(0, lg2): + H = np.vstack((np.hstack((H, H)), np.hstack((H, -H)))) + + return H + + +@_apply_over_batch(("f", 1), ("s", 1)) +def leslie(f, s): + """ + Create a Leslie matrix. + + Given the length n array of fecundity coefficients `f` and the length + n-1 array of survival coefficients `s`, return the associated Leslie + matrix. + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + f : (N,) array_like + The "fecundity" coefficients. + s : (N-1,) array_like + The "survival" coefficients. The length of `s` must be one less + than the length of `f`, and it must be at least 1. + + Returns + ------- + L : (N, N) ndarray + The array is zero except for the first row, + which is `f`, and the first sub-diagonal, which is `s`. + The data-type of the array will be the data-type of + ``f[0]+s[0]``. + + Notes + ----- + The Leslie matrix is used to model discrete-time, age-structured + population growth [1]_ [2]_. In a population with `n` age classes, two sets + of parameters define a Leslie matrix: the `n` "fecundity coefficients", + which give the number of offspring per-capita produced by each age + class, and the `n` - 1 "survival coefficients", which give the + per-capita survival rate of each age class. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] P. H. Leslie, On the use of matrices in certain population + mathematics, Biometrika, Vol. 33, No. 3, 183--212 (Nov. 1945) + .. [2] P. H. Leslie, Some further notes on the use of matrices in + population mathematics, Biometrika, Vol. 35, No. 3/4, 213--245 + (Dec. 1948) + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import leslie + >>> leslie([0.1, 2.0, 1.0, 0.1], [0.2, 0.8, 0.7]) + array([[ 0.1, 2. , 1. , 0.1], + [ 0.2, 0. , 0. , 0. ], + [ 0. , 0.8, 0. , 0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 0.7, 0. ]]) + + """ + f = np.atleast_1d(f) + s = np.atleast_1d(s) + + if f.shape[-1] != s.shape[-1] + 1: + raise ValueError("Incorrect lengths for f and s. The length of s along " + "the last axis must be one less than the length of f.") + if s.shape[-1] == 0: + raise ValueError("The length of s must be at least 1.") + + n = f.shape[-1] + tmp = f[0] + s[0] + a = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=tmp.dtype) + a[0] = f + a[list(range(1, n)), list(range(0, n - 1))] = s + return a + + +@xp_capabilities(jax_jit=False, allow_dask_compute=2) +def block_diag(*arrs): + """ + Create a block diagonal array from provided arrays. + + For example, given 2-D inputs `A`, `B` and `C`, the output will have these + arrays arranged on the diagonal:: + + [[A, 0, 0], + [0, B, 0], + [0, 0, C]] + + The documentation is written assuming array arguments are of specified + "core" shapes. However, array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + A, B, C, ... : array_like + Input arrays. A 1-D array or array_like sequence of length ``n`` is + treated as a 2-D array with shape ``(1, n)``. + + Returns + ------- + D : ndarray + Array with `A`, `B`, `C`, ... on the diagonal of the last two + dimensions. `D` has the same dtype as the result type of the + inputs. + + Notes + ----- + If all the input arrays are square, the output is known as a + block diagonal matrix. + + Empty sequences (i.e., array-likes of zero size) will not be ignored. + Noteworthy, both ``[]`` and ``[[]]`` are treated as matrices with shape + ``(1,0)``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import block_diag + >>> A = [[1, 0], + ... [0, 1]] + >>> B = [[3, 4, 5], + ... [6, 7, 8]] + >>> C = [[7]] + >>> P = np.zeros((2, 0), dtype='int32') + >>> block_diag(A, B, C) + array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 3, 4, 5, 0], + [0, 0, 6, 7, 8, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7]]) + >>> block_diag(A, P, B, C) + array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 3, 4, 5, 0], + [0, 0, 6, 7, 8, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7]]) + >>> block_diag(1.0, [2, 3], [[4, 5], [6, 7]]) + array([[ 1., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 2., 3., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 0., 0., 4., 5.], + [ 0., 0., 0., 6., 7.]]) + + """ + xp = array_namespace(*arrs) + + if arrs == (): + arrs = ([],) + arrs = [xpx.atleast_nd(xp.asarray(a), ndim=2) for a in arrs] + + batch_shapes = [a.shape[:-2] for a in arrs] + batch_shape = np.broadcast_shapes(*batch_shapes) + arrs = [xp.broadcast_to(a, batch_shape + a.shape[-2:]) for a in arrs] + out_dtype = xp.result_type(*arrs) + block_shapes = [a.shape[-2:] for a in arrs] + out = xp.zeros(batch_shape + + tuple(map(int, xp.sum(xp.asarray(block_shapes), axis=0))), + dtype=out_dtype) + + r, c = 0, 0 + for i, (rr, cc) in enumerate(block_shapes): + out = xpx.at(out)[..., r:r+rr, c:c+cc].set(arrs[i]) + r += rr + c += cc + return out + + +def companion(a): + """ + Create a companion matrix. + + Create the companion matrix [1]_ associated with the polynomial whose + coefficients are given in `a`. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., N) array_like + 1-D array of polynomial coefficients. The length of `a` must be + at least two, and ``a[0]`` must not be zero. + M-dimensional arrays are treated as a batch: each slice along the last + axis is a 1-D array of polynomial coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + c : (..., N-1, N-1) ndarray + For 1-D input, the first row of `c` is ``-a[1:]/a[0]``, and the first + sub-diagonal is all ones. The data-type of the array is the same + as the data-type of ``1.0*a[0]``. + For batch input, each slice of shape ``(N-1, N-1)`` along the last two + dimensions of the output corresponds with a slice of shape ``(N,)`` + along the last dimension of the input. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + If any of the following are true: a) ``a.shape[-1] < 2``; b) ``a[..., 0] == 0``. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.8.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] R. A. Horn & C. R. Johnson, *Matrix Analysis*. Cambridge, UK: + Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. 146-7. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import companion + >>> companion([1, -10, 31, -30]) + array([[ 10., -31., 30.], + [ 1., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 1., 0.]]) + + """ + a = np.atleast_1d(a) + n = a.shape[-1] + + if n < 2: + raise ValueError("The length of `a` along the last axis must be at least 2.") + + if np.any(a[..., 0] == 0): + raise ValueError("The first coefficient(s) of `a` (i.e. elements " + "of `a[..., 0]`) must not be zero.") + + first_row = -a[..., 1:] / (1.0 * a[..., 0:1]) + c = np.zeros(a.shape[:-1] + (n - 1, n - 1), dtype=first_row.dtype) + c[..., 0, :] = first_row + c[..., np.arange(1, n - 1), np.arange(0, n - 2)] = 1 + return c + + +def helmert(n, full=False): + """ + Create an Helmert matrix of order `n`. + + This has applications in statistics, compositional or simplicial analysis, + and in Aitchison geometry. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The size of the array to create. + full : bool, optional + If True the (n, n) ndarray will be returned. + Otherwise the submatrix that does not include the first + row will be returned. + Default: False. + + Returns + ------- + M : ndarray + The Helmert matrix. + The shape is (n, n) or (n-1, n) depending on the `full` argument. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import helmert + >>> helmert(5, full=True) + array([[ 0.4472136 , 0.4472136 , 0.4472136 , 0.4472136 , 0.4472136 ], + [ 0.70710678, -0.70710678, 0. , 0. , 0. ], + [ 0.40824829, 0.40824829, -0.81649658, 0. , 0. ], + [ 0.28867513, 0.28867513, 0.28867513, -0.8660254 , 0. ], + [ 0.2236068 , 0.2236068 , 0.2236068 , 0.2236068 , -0.89442719]]) + + """ + H = np.tril(np.ones((n, n)), -1) - np.diag(np.arange(n)) + d = np.arange(n) * np.arange(1, n+1) + H[0] = 1 + d[0] = n + H_full = H / np.sqrt(d)[:, np.newaxis] + if full: + return H_full + else: + return H_full[1:] + + +def hilbert(n): + """ + Create a Hilbert matrix of order `n`. + + Returns the `n` by `n` array with entries `h[i,j] = 1 / (i + j + 1)`. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The size of the array to create. + + Returns + ------- + h : (n, n) ndarray + The Hilbert matrix. + + See Also + -------- + invhilbert : Compute the inverse of a Hilbert matrix. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.10.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import hilbert + >>> hilbert(3) + array([[ 1. , 0.5 , 0.33333333], + [ 0.5 , 0.33333333, 0.25 ], + [ 0.33333333, 0.25 , 0.2 ]]) + + """ + values = 1.0 / (1.0 + np.arange(2 * n - 1)) + h = hankel(values[:n], r=values[n - 1:]) + return h + + +def invhilbert(n, exact=False): + """ + Compute the inverse of the Hilbert matrix of order `n`. + + The entries in the inverse of a Hilbert matrix are integers. When `n` + is greater than 14, some entries in the inverse exceed the upper limit + of 64 bit integers. The `exact` argument provides two options for + dealing with these large integers. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The order of the Hilbert matrix. + exact : bool, optional + If False, the data type of the array that is returned is np.float64, + and the array is an approximation of the inverse. + If True, the array is the exact integer inverse array. To represent + the exact inverse when n > 14, the returned array is an object array + of long integers. For n <= 14, the exact inverse is returned as an + array with data type np.int64. + + Returns + ------- + invh : (n, n) ndarray + The data type of the array is np.float64 if `exact` is False. + If `exact` is True, the data type is either np.int64 (for n <= 14) + or object (for n > 14). In the latter case, the objects in the + array will be long integers. + + See Also + -------- + hilbert : Create a Hilbert matrix. + + Notes + ----- + .. versionadded:: 0.10.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import invhilbert + >>> invhilbert(4) + array([[ 16., -120., 240., -140.], + [ -120., 1200., -2700., 1680.], + [ 240., -2700., 6480., -4200.], + [ -140., 1680., -4200., 2800.]]) + >>> invhilbert(4, exact=True) + array([[ 16, -120, 240, -140], + [ -120, 1200, -2700, 1680], + [ 240, -2700, 6480, -4200], + [ -140, 1680, -4200, 2800]], dtype=int64) + >>> invhilbert(16)[7,7] + 4.2475099528537506e+19 + >>> invhilbert(16, exact=True)[7,7] + 42475099528537378560 + + """ + from scipy.special import comb + if exact: + if n > 14: + dtype = object + else: + dtype = np.int64 + else: + dtype = np.float64 + invh = np.empty((n, n), dtype=dtype) + for i in range(n): + for j in range(0, i + 1): + s = i + j + invh[i, j] = ((-1) ** s * (s + 1) * + comb(n + i, n - j - 1, exact=exact) * + comb(n + j, n - i - 1, exact=exact) * + comb(s, i, exact=exact) ** 2) + if i != j: + invh[j, i] = invh[i, j] + return invh + + +def pascal(n, kind='symmetric', exact=True): + """ + Returns the n x n Pascal matrix. + + The Pascal matrix is a matrix containing the binomial coefficients as + its elements. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The size of the matrix to create; that is, the result is an n x n + matrix. + kind : str, optional + Must be one of 'symmetric', 'lower', or 'upper'. + Default is 'symmetric'. + exact : bool, optional + If `exact` is True, the result is either an array of type + numpy.uint64 (if n < 35) or an object array of Python long integers. + If `exact` is False, the coefficients in the matrix are computed using + `scipy.special.comb` with ``exact=False``. The result will be a floating + point array, and the values in the array will not be the exact + coefficients, but this version is much faster than ``exact=True``. + + Returns + ------- + p : (n, n) ndarray + The Pascal matrix. + + See Also + -------- + invpascal + + Notes + ----- + See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_matrix for more information + about Pascal matrices. + + .. versionadded:: 0.11.0 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import pascal + >>> pascal(4) + array([[ 1, 1, 1, 1], + [ 1, 2, 3, 4], + [ 1, 3, 6, 10], + [ 1, 4, 10, 20]], dtype=uint64) + >>> pascal(4, kind='lower') + array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 0, 0], + [1, 2, 1, 0], + [1, 3, 3, 1]], dtype=uint64) + >>> pascal(50)[-1, -1] + 25477612258980856902730428600 + >>> from scipy.special import comb + >>> comb(98, 49, exact=True) + 25477612258980856902730428600 + + """ + + from scipy.special import comb + if kind not in ['symmetric', 'lower', 'upper']: + raise ValueError("kind must be 'symmetric', 'lower', or 'upper'") + + if exact: + if n >= 35: + L_n = np.empty((n, n), dtype=object) + L_n.fill(0) + else: + L_n = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=np.uint64) + for i in range(n): + for j in range(i + 1): + L_n[i, j] = comb(i, j, exact=True) + else: + L_n = comb(*np.ogrid[:n, :n]) + + if kind == 'lower': + p = L_n + elif kind == 'upper': + p = L_n.T + else: + p = np.dot(L_n, L_n.T) + + return p + + +def invpascal(n, kind='symmetric', exact=True): + """ + Returns the inverse of the n x n Pascal matrix. + + The Pascal matrix is a matrix containing the binomial coefficients as + its elements. + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + The size of the matrix to create; that is, the result is an n x n + matrix. + kind : str, optional + Must be one of 'symmetric', 'lower', or 'upper'. + Default is 'symmetric'. + exact : bool, optional + If `exact` is True, the result is either an array of type + ``numpy.int64`` (if `n` <= 35) or an object array of Python integers. + If `exact` is False, the coefficients in the matrix are computed using + `scipy.special.comb` with `exact=False`. The result will be a floating + point array, and for large `n`, the values in the array will not be the + exact coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + invp : (n, n) ndarray + The inverse of the Pascal matrix. + + See Also + -------- + pascal + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 0.16.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] "Pascal matrix", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_matrix + .. [2] Cohen, A. M., "The inverse of a Pascal matrix", Mathematical + Gazette, 59(408), pp. 111-112, 1975. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import invpascal, pascal + >>> invp = invpascal(5) + >>> invp + array([[ 5, -10, 10, -5, 1], + [-10, 30, -35, 19, -4], + [ 10, -35, 46, -27, 6], + [ -5, 19, -27, 17, -4], + [ 1, -4, 6, -4, 1]]) + + >>> p = pascal(5) + >>> p.dot(invp) + array([[ 1., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 1., 0., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 0., 1., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 0., 0., 1., 0.], + [ 0., 0., 0., 0., 1.]]) + + An example of the use of `kind` and `exact`: + + >>> invpascal(5, kind='lower', exact=False) + array([[ 1., -0., 0., -0., 0.], + [-1., 1., -0., 0., -0.], + [ 1., -2., 1., -0., 0.], + [-1., 3., -3., 1., -0.], + [ 1., -4., 6., -4., 1.]]) + + """ + from scipy.special import comb + + if kind not in ['symmetric', 'lower', 'upper']: + raise ValueError("'kind' must be 'symmetric', 'lower' or 'upper'.") + + if kind == 'symmetric': + if exact: + if n > 34: + dt = object + else: + dt = np.int64 + else: + dt = np.float64 + invp = np.empty((n, n), dtype=dt) + for i in range(n): + for j in range(0, i + 1): + v = 0 + for k in range(n - i): + v += comb(i + k, k, exact=exact) * comb(i + k, i + k - j, + exact=exact) + invp[i, j] = (-1)**(i - j) * v + if i != j: + invp[j, i] = invp[i, j] + else: + # For the 'lower' and 'upper' cases, we computer the inverse by + # changing the sign of every other diagonal of the pascal matrix. + invp = pascal(n, kind=kind, exact=exact) + if invp.dtype == np.uint64: + # This cast from np.uint64 to int64 OK, because if `kind` is not + # "symmetric", the values in invp are all much less than 2**63. + invp = invp.view(np.int64) + + # The toeplitz matrix has alternating bands of 1 and -1. + invp *= toeplitz((-1)**np.arange(n)).astype(invp.dtype) + + return invp + + +def dft(n, scale=None): + """ + Discrete Fourier transform matrix. + + Create the matrix that computes the discrete Fourier transform of a + sequence [1]_. The nth primitive root of unity used to generate the + matrix is exp(-2*pi*i/n), where i = sqrt(-1). + + Parameters + ---------- + n : int + Size the matrix to create. + scale : str, optional + Must be None, 'sqrtn', or 'n'. + If `scale` is 'sqrtn', the matrix is divided by `sqrt(n)`. + If `scale` is 'n', the matrix is divided by `n`. + If `scale` is None (the default), the matrix is not normalized, and the + return value is simply the Vandermonde matrix of the roots of unity. + + Returns + ------- + m : (n, n) ndarray + The DFT matrix. + + Notes + ----- + When `scale` is None, multiplying a vector by the matrix returned by + `dft` is mathematically equivalent to (but much less efficient than) + the calculation performed by `scipy.fft.fft`. + + .. versionadded:: 0.14.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] "DFT matrix", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DFT_matrix + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import dft + >>> np.set_printoptions(precision=2, suppress=True) # for compact output + >>> m = dft(5) + >>> m + array([[ 1. +0.j , 1. +0.j , 1. +0.j , 1. +0.j , 1. +0.j ], + [ 1. +0.j , 0.31-0.95j, -0.81-0.59j, -0.81+0.59j, 0.31+0.95j], + [ 1. +0.j , -0.81-0.59j, 0.31+0.95j, 0.31-0.95j, -0.81+0.59j], + [ 1. +0.j , -0.81+0.59j, 0.31-0.95j, 0.31+0.95j, -0.81-0.59j], + [ 1. +0.j , 0.31+0.95j, -0.81+0.59j, -0.81-0.59j, 0.31-0.95j]]) + >>> x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 0, 3]) + >>> m @ x # Compute the DFT of x + array([ 9. +0.j , 0.12-0.81j, -2.12+3.44j, -2.12-3.44j, 0.12+0.81j]) + + Verify that ``m @ x`` is the same as ``fft(x)``. + + >>> from scipy.fft import fft + >>> fft(x) # Same result as m @ x + array([ 9. +0.j , 0.12-0.81j, -2.12+3.44j, -2.12-3.44j, 0.12+0.81j]) + """ + if scale not in [None, 'sqrtn', 'n']: + raise ValueError("scale must be None, 'sqrtn', or 'n'; " + f"{scale!r} is not valid.") + + omegas = np.exp(-2j * np.pi * np.arange(n) / n).reshape(-1, 1) + m = omegas ** np.arange(n) + if scale == 'sqrtn': + m /= math.sqrt(n) + elif scale == 'n': + m /= n + return m + + +@xp_capabilities() +def fiedler(a): + """Returns a symmetric Fiedler matrix + + Given an sequence of numbers `a`, Fiedler matrices have the structure + ``F[i, j] = np.abs(a[i] - a[j])``, and hence zero diagonals and nonnegative + entries. A Fiedler matrix has a dominant positive eigenvalue and other + eigenvalues are negative. Although not valid generally, for certain inputs, + the inverse and the determinant can be derived explicitly as given in [1]_. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., n,) array_like + Coefficient array. N-dimensional arrays are treated as a batch: + each slice along the last axis is a 1-D coefficient array. + + Returns + ------- + F : (..., n, n) ndarray + Fiedler matrix. For batch input, each slice of shape ``(n, n)`` + along the last two dimensions of the output corresponds with a + slice of shape ``(n,)`` along the last dimension of the input. + + See Also + -------- + circulant, toeplitz + + Notes + ----- + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] J. Todd, "Basic Numerical Mathematics: Vol.2 : Numerical Algebra", + 1977, Birkhauser, :doi:`10.1007/978-3-0348-7286-7` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import det, inv, fiedler + >>> a = [1, 4, 12, 45, 77] + >>> n = len(a) + >>> A = fiedler(a) + >>> A + array([[ 0, 3, 11, 44, 76], + [ 3, 0, 8, 41, 73], + [11, 8, 0, 33, 65], + [44, 41, 33, 0, 32], + [76, 73, 65, 32, 0]]) + + The explicit formulas for determinant and inverse seem to hold only for + monotonically increasing/decreasing arrays. Note the tridiagonal structure + and the corners. + + >>> Ai = inv(A) + >>> Ai[np.abs(Ai) < 1e-12] = 0. # cleanup the numerical noise for display + >>> Ai + array([[-0.16008772, 0.16666667, 0. , 0. , 0.00657895], + [ 0.16666667, -0.22916667, 0.0625 , 0. , 0. ], + [ 0. , 0.0625 , -0.07765152, 0.01515152, 0. ], + [ 0. , 0. , 0.01515152, -0.03077652, 0.015625 ], + [ 0.00657895, 0. , 0. , 0.015625 , -0.00904605]]) + >>> det(A) + 15409151.999999998 + >>> (-1)**(n-1) * 2**(n-2) * np.diff(a).prod() * (a[-1] - a[0]) + 15409152 + + """ + xp = array_namespace(a) + a = xpx.atleast_nd(xp.asarray(a), ndim=1) + + if xp_size(a) == 0: + return xp.asarray([], dtype=xp.float64) + elif xp_size(a) == 1: + return xp.asarray([[0.]]) + else: + return xp.abs(a[..., :, xp.newaxis] - a[..., xp.newaxis, :]) + + +def fiedler_companion(a): + """ Returns a Fiedler companion matrix + + Given a polynomial coefficient array ``a``, this function forms a + pentadiagonal matrix with a special structure whose eigenvalues coincides + with the roots of ``a``. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., N) array_like + 1-D array of polynomial coefficients in descending order with a nonzero + leading coefficient. For ``N < 2``, an empty array is returned. + N-dimensional arrays are treated as a batch: each slice along the last + axis is a 1-D array of polynomial coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + c : (..., N-1, N-1) ndarray + Resulting companion matrix. For batch input, each slice of shape + ``(N-1, N-1)`` along the last two dimensions of the output corresponds + with a slice of shape ``(N,)`` along the last dimension of the input. + + See Also + -------- + companion + + Notes + ----- + Similar to `companion`, each leading coefficient along the last axis of the + input should be nonzero. + If the leading coefficient is not 1, other coefficients are rescaled before + the array generation. To avoid numerical issues, it is best to provide a + monic polynomial. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] M. Fiedler, " A note on companion matrices", Linear Algebra and its + Applications, 2003, :doi:`10.1016/S0024-3795(03)00548-2` + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import fiedler_companion, eigvals + >>> p = np.poly(np.arange(1, 9, 2)) # [1., -16., 86., -176., 105.] + >>> fc = fiedler_companion(p) + >>> fc + array([[ 16., -86., 1., 0.], + [ 1., 0., 0., 0.], + [ 0., 176., 0., -105.], + [ 0., 1., 0., 0.]]) + >>> eigvals(fc) + array([7.+0.j, 5.+0.j, 3.+0.j, 1.+0.j]) + + """ + a = np.atleast_1d(a) + + if a.ndim > 1: + return np.apply_along_axis(fiedler_companion, -1, a) + + if a.size <= 2: + if a.size == 2: + return np.array([[-(a/a[0])[-1]]]) + return np.array([], dtype=a.dtype) + + if a[0] == 0.: + raise ValueError('Leading coefficient is zero.') + + a = a/a[0] + n = a.size - 1 + c = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=a.dtype) + # subdiagonals + c[range(3, n, 2), range(1, n-2, 2)] = 1. + c[range(2, n, 2), range(1, n-1, 2)] = -a[3::2] + # superdiagonals + c[range(0, n-2, 2), range(2, n, 2)] = 1. + c[range(0, n-1, 2), range(1, n, 2)] = -a[2::2] + c[[0, 1], 0] = [-a[1], 1] + + return c + + +def convolution_matrix(a, n, mode='full'): + """ + Construct a convolution matrix. + + Constructs the Toeplitz matrix representing one-dimensional + convolution [1]_. See the notes below for details. + + Array argument(s) of this function may have additional + "batch" dimensions prepended to the core shape. In this case, the array is treated + as a batch of lower-dimensional slices; see :ref:`linalg_batch` for details. + + Parameters + ---------- + a : (..., m) array_like + The 1-D array to convolve. N-dimensional arrays are treated as a + batch: each slice along the last axis is a 1-D array to convolve. + n : int + The number of columns in the resulting matrix. It gives the length + of the input to be convolved with `a`. This is analogous to the + length of `v` in ``numpy.convolve(a, v)``. + mode : str + This is analogous to `mode` in ``numpy.convolve(v, a, mode)``. + It must be one of ('full', 'valid', 'same'). + See below for how `mode` determines the shape of the result. + + Returns + ------- + A : (..., k, n) ndarray + The convolution matrix whose row count `k` depends on `mode`:: + + ======= ========================= + mode k + ======= ========================= + 'full' m + n -1 + 'same' max(m, n) + 'valid' max(m, n) - min(m, n) + 1 + ======= ========================= + + For batch input, each slice of shape ``(k, n)`` along the last two + dimensions of the output corresponds with a slice of shape ``(m,)`` + along the last dimension of the input. + + See Also + -------- + toeplitz : Toeplitz matrix + + Notes + ----- + The code:: + + A = convolution_matrix(a, n, mode) + + creates a Toeplitz matrix `A` such that ``A @ v`` is equivalent to + using ``convolve(a, v, mode)``. The returned array always has `n` + columns. The number of rows depends on the specified `mode`, as + explained above. + + In the default 'full' mode, the entries of `A` are given by:: + + A[i, j] == (a[i-j] if (0 <= (i-j) < m) else 0) + + where ``m = len(a)``. Suppose, for example, the input array is + ``[x, y, z]``. The convolution matrix has the form:: + + [x, 0, 0, ..., 0, 0] + [y, x, 0, ..., 0, 0] + [z, y, x, ..., 0, 0] + ... + [0, 0, 0, ..., x, 0] + [0, 0, 0, ..., y, x] + [0, 0, 0, ..., z, y] + [0, 0, 0, ..., 0, z] + + In 'valid' mode, the entries of `A` are given by:: + + A[i, j] == (a[i-j+m-1] if (0 <= (i-j+m-1) < m) else 0) + + This corresponds to a matrix whose rows are the subset of those from + the 'full' case where all the coefficients in `a` are contained in the + row. For input ``[x, y, z]``, this array looks like:: + + [z, y, x, 0, 0, ..., 0, 0, 0] + [0, z, y, x, 0, ..., 0, 0, 0] + [0, 0, z, y, x, ..., 0, 0, 0] + ... + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ..., x, 0, 0] + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ..., y, x, 0] + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, ..., z, y, x] + + In the 'same' mode, the entries of `A` are given by:: + + d = (m - 1) // 2 + A[i, j] == (a[i-j+d] if (0 <= (i-j+d) < m) else 0) + + The typical application of the 'same' mode is when one has a signal of + length `n` (with `n` greater than ``len(a)``), and the desired output + is a filtered signal that is still of length `n`. + + For input ``[x, y, z]``, this array looks like:: + + [y, x, 0, 0, ..., 0, 0, 0] + [z, y, x, 0, ..., 0, 0, 0] + [0, z, y, x, ..., 0, 0, 0] + [0, 0, z, y, ..., 0, 0, 0] + ... + [0, 0, 0, 0, ..., y, x, 0] + [0, 0, 0, 0, ..., z, y, x] + [0, 0, 0, 0, ..., 0, z, y] + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + References + ---------- + .. [1] "Convolution", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolution + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> from scipy.linalg import convolution_matrix + >>> A = convolution_matrix([-1, 4, -2], 5, mode='same') + >>> A + array([[ 4, -1, 0, 0, 0], + [-2, 4, -1, 0, 0], + [ 0, -2, 4, -1, 0], + [ 0, 0, -2, 4, -1], + [ 0, 0, 0, -2, 4]]) + + Compare multiplication by `A` with the use of `numpy.convolve`. + + >>> x = np.array([1, 2, 0, -3, 0.5]) + >>> A @ x + array([ 2. , 6. , -1. , -12.5, 8. ]) + + Verify that ``A @ x`` produced the same result as applying the + convolution function. + + >>> np.convolve([-1, 4, -2], x, mode='same') + array([ 2. , 6. , -1. , -12.5, 8. ]) + + For comparison to the case ``mode='same'`` shown above, here are the + matrices produced by ``mode='full'`` and ``mode='valid'`` for the + same coefficients and size. + + >>> convolution_matrix([-1, 4, -2], 5, mode='full') + array([[-1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [ 4, -1, 0, 0, 0], + [-2, 4, -1, 0, 0], + [ 0, -2, 4, -1, 0], + [ 0, 0, -2, 4, -1], + [ 0, 0, 0, -2, 4], + [ 0, 0, 0, 0, -2]]) + + >>> convolution_matrix([-1, 4, -2], 5, mode='valid') + array([[-2, 4, -1, 0, 0], + [ 0, -2, 4, -1, 0], + [ 0, 0, -2, 4, -1]]) + """ + if n <= 0: + raise ValueError('n must be a positive integer.') + + a = np.asarray(a) + + if a.size == 0: + raise ValueError('len(a) must be at least 1.') + + if mode not in ('full', 'valid', 'same'): + raise ValueError( + "'mode' argument must be one of ('full', 'valid', 'same')") + + if a.ndim > 1: + return np.apply_along_axis(lambda a: convolution_matrix(a, n, mode), -1, a) + + # create zero padded versions of the array + az = np.pad(a, (0, n-1), 'constant') + raz = np.pad(a[::-1], (0, n-1), 'constant') + + if mode == 'same': + trim = min(n, len(a)) - 1 + tb = trim//2 + te = trim - tb + col0 = az[tb:len(az)-te] + row0 = raz[-n-tb:len(raz)-tb] + elif mode == 'valid': + tb = min(n, len(a)) - 1 + te = tb + col0 = az[tb:len(az)-te] + row0 = raz[-n-tb:len(raz)-tb] + else: # 'full' + col0 = az + row0 = raz[-n:] + return toeplitz(col0, row0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_testutils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_testutils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f6d01d2b6e59b040f39c0b53cc2788bbd3d0888f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/_testutils.py @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +import numpy as np + + +class _FakeMatrix: + def __init__(self, data): + self._data = data + self.__array_interface__ = data.__array_interface__ + + +class _FakeMatrix2: + def __init__(self, data): + self._data = data + + def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None): + if copy: + return self._data.copy() + return self._data + + +def _get_array(shape, dtype): + """ + Get a test array of given shape and data type. + Returned NxN matrices are posdef, and 2xN are banded-posdef. + + """ + if len(shape) == 2 and shape[0] == 2: + # yield a banded positive definite one + x = np.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype) + x[0, 1:] = -1 + x[1] = 2 + return x + elif len(shape) == 2 and shape[0] == shape[1]: + # always yield a positive definite matrix + x = np.zeros(shape, dtype=dtype) + j = np.arange(shape[0]) + x[j, j] = 2 + x[j[:-1], j[:-1]+1] = -1 + x[j[:-1]+1, j[:-1]] = -1 + return x + else: + np.random.seed(1234) + return np.random.randn(*shape).astype(dtype) + + +def _id(x): + return x + + +def assert_no_overwrite(call, shapes, dtypes=None): + """ + Test that a call does not overwrite its input arguments + """ + + if dtypes is None: + dtypes = [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128] + + for dtype in dtypes: + for order in ["C", "F"]: + for faker in [_id, _FakeMatrix, _FakeMatrix2]: + orig_inputs = [_get_array(s, dtype) for s in shapes] + inputs = [faker(x.copy(order)) for x in orig_inputs] + call(*inputs) + msg = f"call modified inputs [{dtype!r}, {faker!r}]" + for a, b in zip(inputs, orig_inputs): + np.testing.assert_equal(a, b, err_msg=msg) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/basic.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/basic.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..04ef3645a2ed6a22106ed8ca1acf9e9ac93df5cf --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/basic.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'solve', 'solve_triangular', 'solveh_banded', 'solve_banded', + 'solve_toeplitz', 'solve_circulant', 'inv', 'det', 'lstsq', + 'pinv', 'pinvh', 'matrix_balance', 'matmul_toeplitz', + 'get_lapack_funcs', 'LinAlgError', 'LinAlgWarning', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="basic", + private_modules=["_basic"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/blas.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/blas.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..792603e248ff5f9a0014307ebd7818e8ec39c934 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/blas.py @@ -0,0 +1,495 @@ +""" +Low-level BLAS functions (:mod:`scipy.linalg.blas`) +=================================================== + +This module contains low-level functions from the BLAS library. + +.. versionadded:: 0.12.0 + +.. note:: + + The common ``overwrite_<>`` option in many routines, allows the + input arrays to be overwritten to avoid extra memory allocation. + However this requires the array to satisfy two conditions + which are memory order and the data type to match exactly the + order and the type expected by the routine. + + As an example, if you pass a double precision float array to any + ``S....`` routine which expects single precision arguments, f2py + will create an intermediate array to match the argument types and + overwriting will be performed on that intermediate array. + + Similarly, if a C-contiguous array is passed, f2py will pass a + FORTRAN-contiguous array internally. Please make sure that these + details are satisfied. More information can be found in the f2py + documentation. + +.. warning:: + + These functions do little to no error checking. + It is possible to cause crashes by mis-using them, + so prefer using the higher-level routines in `scipy.linalg`. + +Finding functions +----------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + get_blas_funcs + find_best_blas_type + +BLAS Level 1 functions +---------------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + sasum + saxpy + scasum + scnrm2 + scopy + sdot + snrm2 + srot + srotg + srotm + srotmg + sscal + sswap + dasum + daxpy + dcopy + ddot + dnrm2 + drot + drotg + drotm + drotmg + dscal + dswap + dzasum + dznrm2 + icamax + idamax + isamax + izamax + caxpy + ccopy + cdotc + cdotu + crotg + cscal + csrot + csscal + cswap + zaxpy + zcopy + zdotc + zdotu + zdrot + zdscal + zrotg + zscal + zswap + +BLAS Level 2 functions +---------------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + sgbmv + sgemv + sger + ssbmv + sspmv + sspr + sspr2 + ssymv + ssyr + ssyr2 + stbmv + stbsv + stpmv + stpsv + strmv + strsv + dgbmv + dgemv + dger + dsbmv + dspmv + dspr + dspr2 + dsymv + dsyr + dsyr2 + dtbmv + dtbsv + dtpmv + dtpsv + dtrmv + dtrsv + cgbmv + cgemv + cgerc + cgeru + chbmv + chemv + cher + cher2 + chpmv + chpr + chpr2 + cspmv + cspr + csyr + ctbmv + ctbsv + ctpmv + ctpsv + ctrmv + ctrsv + zgbmv + zgemv + zgerc + zgeru + zhbmv + zhemv + zher + zher2 + zhpmv + zhpr + zhpr2 + zspmv + zspr + zsyr + ztbmv + ztbsv + ztpmv + ztpsv + ztrmv + ztrsv + +BLAS Level 3 functions +---------------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + sgemm + ssymm + ssyr2k + ssyrk + strmm + strsm + dgemm + dsymm + dsyr2k + dsyrk + dtrmm + dtrsm + cgemm + chemm + cher2k + cherk + csymm + csyr2k + csyrk + ctrmm + ctrsm + zgemm + zhemm + zher2k + zherk + zsymm + zsyr2k + zsyrk + ztrmm + ztrsm + +""" +# +# Author: Pearu Peterson, March 2002 +# refactoring by Fabian Pedregosa, March 2010 +# + +__all__ = ['get_blas_funcs', 'find_best_blas_type'] + +import numpy as np +import functools + +from scipy.linalg import _fblas +try: + from scipy.linalg import _cblas +except ImportError: + _cblas = None + +from scipy.__config__ import CONFIG +HAS_ILP64 = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['blas']['has ilp64'] +del CONFIG +_fblas_64 = None +if HAS_ILP64: + from scipy.linalg import _fblas_64 + +# Expose all functions (only fblas --- cblas is an implementation detail) +empty_module = None +from scipy.linalg._fblas import * # noqa: E402, F403 +del empty_module + +# all numeric dtypes '?bBhHiIlLqQefdgFDGO' that are safe to be converted to + +# single precision float : '?bBhH!!!!!!ef!!!!!!' +# double precision float : '?bBhHiIlLqQefdg!!!!' +# single precision complex : '?bBhH!!!!!!ef!!F!!!' +# double precision complex : '?bBhHiIlLqQefdgFDG!' + +_type_score = {x: 1 for x in '?bBhHef'} +_type_score.update({x: 2 for x in 'iIlLqQd'}) + +# Handle float128(g) and complex256(G) separately in case non-Windows systems. +# On Windows, the values will be rewritten to the same key with the same value. +_type_score.update({'F': 3, 'D': 4, 'g': 2, 'G': 4}) + +# Final mapping to the actual prefixes and dtypes +_type_conv = {1: ('s', np.dtype('float32')), + 2: ('d', np.dtype('float64')), + 3: ('c', np.dtype('complex64')), + 4: ('z', np.dtype('complex128'))} + +# some convenience alias for complex functions +_blas_alias = {'cnrm2': 'scnrm2', 'znrm2': 'dznrm2', + 'cdot': 'cdotc', 'zdot': 'zdotc', + 'cger': 'cgerc', 'zger': 'zgerc', + 'sdotc': 'sdot', 'sdotu': 'sdot', + 'ddotc': 'ddot', 'ddotu': 'ddot'} + + +def find_best_blas_type(arrays=(), dtype=None): + """Find best-matching BLAS/LAPACK type. + + Arrays are used to determine the optimal prefix of BLAS routines. + + Parameters + ---------- + arrays : sequence of ndarrays, optional + Arrays can be given to determine optimal prefix of BLAS + routines. If not given, double-precision routines will be + used, otherwise the most generic type in arrays will be used. + dtype : str or dtype, optional + Data-type specifier. Not used if `arrays` is non-empty. + + Returns + ------- + prefix : str + BLAS/LAPACK prefix character. + dtype : dtype + Inferred Numpy data type. + prefer_fortran : bool + Whether to prefer Fortran order routines over C order. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import scipy.linalg.blas as bla + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> a = rng.random((10,15)) + >>> b = np.asfortranarray(a) # Change the memory layout order + >>> bla.find_best_blas_type((a,)) + ('d', dtype('float64'), False) + >>> bla.find_best_blas_type((a*1j,)) + ('z', dtype('complex128'), False) + >>> bla.find_best_blas_type((b,)) + ('d', dtype('float64'), True) + + """ + dtype = np.dtype(dtype) + max_score = _type_score.get(dtype.char, 5) + prefer_fortran = False + + if arrays: + # In most cases, single element is passed through, quicker route + if len(arrays) == 1: + max_score = _type_score.get(arrays[0].dtype.char, 5) + prefer_fortran = arrays[0].flags['FORTRAN'] + else: + # use the most generic type in arrays + scores = [_type_score.get(x.dtype.char, 5) for x in arrays] + max_score = max(scores) + ind_max_score = scores.index(max_score) + # safe upcasting for mix of float64 and complex64 --> prefix 'z' + if max_score == 3 and (2 in scores): + max_score = 4 + + if arrays[ind_max_score].flags['FORTRAN']: + # prefer Fortran for leading array with column major order + prefer_fortran = True + + # Get the LAPACK prefix and the corresponding dtype if not fall back + # to 'd' and double precision float. + prefix, dtype = _type_conv.get(max_score, ('d', np.dtype('float64'))) + + return prefix, dtype, prefer_fortran + + +def _get_funcs(names, arrays, dtype, + lib_name, fmodule, cmodule, + fmodule_name, cmodule_name, alias, + ilp64=False): + """ + Return available BLAS/LAPACK functions. + + Used also in lapack.py. See get_blas_funcs for docstring. + """ + + funcs = [] + unpack = False + dtype = np.dtype(dtype) + module1 = (cmodule, cmodule_name) + module2 = (fmodule, fmodule_name) + + if isinstance(names, str): + names = (names,) + unpack = True + + prefix, dtype, prefer_fortran = find_best_blas_type(arrays, dtype) + + if prefer_fortran: + module1, module2 = module2, module1 + + for name in names: + func_name = prefix + name + func_name = alias.get(func_name, func_name) + func = getattr(module1[0], func_name, None) + module_name = module1[1] + if func is None: + func = getattr(module2[0], func_name, None) + module_name = module2[1] + if func is None: + raise ValueError( + f'{lib_name} function {func_name} could not be found') + func.module_name, func.typecode = module_name, prefix + func.dtype = dtype + if not ilp64: + func.int_dtype = np.dtype(np.intc) + else: + func.int_dtype = np.dtype(np.int64) + func.prefix = prefix # Backward compatibility + funcs.append(func) + + if unpack: + return funcs[0] + else: + return funcs + + +def _memoize_get_funcs(func): + """ + Memoized fast path for _get_funcs instances + """ + memo = {} + func.memo = memo + + @functools.wraps(func) + def getter(names, arrays=(), dtype=None, ilp64=False): + key = (names, dtype, ilp64) + for array in arrays: + # cf. find_blas_funcs + key += (array.dtype.char, array.flags.fortran) + + try: + value = memo.get(key) + except TypeError: + # unhashable key etc. + key = None + value = None + + if value is not None: + return value + + value = func(names, arrays, dtype, ilp64) + + if key is not None: + memo[key] = value + + return value + + return getter + + +@_memoize_get_funcs +def get_blas_funcs(names, arrays=(), dtype=None, ilp64=False): + """Return available BLAS function objects from names. + + Arrays are used to determine the optimal prefix of BLAS routines. + + Parameters + ---------- + names : str or sequence of str + Name(s) of BLAS functions without type prefix. + + arrays : sequence of ndarrays, optional + Arrays can be given to determine optimal prefix of BLAS + routines. If not given, double-precision routines will be + used, otherwise the most generic type in arrays will be used. + + dtype : str or dtype, optional + Data-type specifier. Not used if `arrays` is non-empty. + + ilp64 : {True, False, 'preferred'}, optional + Whether to return ILP64 routine variant. + Choosing 'preferred' returns ILP64 routine if available, + and otherwise the 32-bit routine. Default: False + + Returns + ------- + funcs : list + List containing the found function(s). + + + Notes + ----- + This routine automatically chooses between Fortran/C + interfaces. Fortran code is used whenever possible for arrays with + column major order. In all other cases, C code is preferred. + + In BLAS, the naming convention is that all functions start with a + type prefix, which depends on the type of the principal + matrix. These can be one of {'s', 'd', 'c', 'z'} for the NumPy + types {float32, float64, complex64, complex128} respectively. + The code and the dtype are stored in attributes `typecode` and `dtype` + of the returned functions. + + Examples + -------- + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import scipy.linalg as LA + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + >>> a = rng.random((3,2)) + >>> x_gemv = LA.get_blas_funcs('gemv', (a,)) + >>> x_gemv.typecode + 'd' + >>> x_gemv = LA.get_blas_funcs('gemv',(a*1j,)) + >>> x_gemv.typecode + 'z' + + """ + if isinstance(ilp64, str): + if ilp64 == 'preferred': + ilp64 = HAS_ILP64 + else: + raise ValueError("Invalid value for 'ilp64'") + + if not ilp64: + return _get_funcs(names, arrays, dtype, + "BLAS", _fblas, _cblas, "fblas", "cblas", + _blas_alias, ilp64=False) + else: + if not HAS_ILP64: + raise RuntimeError("BLAS ILP64 routine requested, but Scipy " + "compiled only with 32-bit BLAS") + return _get_funcs(names, arrays, dtype, + "BLAS", _fblas_64, None, "fblas_64", None, + _blas_alias, ilp64=True) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4bed79916d443987553af064f34d3225bdbfefb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:10f299b973bc7007f222d4be7c29f50618d092ea3d8f80dbe0ebdeecf2ad6631 +size 131520 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pxd b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pxd new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7ed44f6ea8611f926e3ea5fd2670446cdf9b398c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pxd @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ +""" +This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +Do not edit this file directly. +""" + +# Within scipy, these wrappers can be used via relative or absolute cimport. +# Examples: +# from ..linalg cimport cython_blas +# from scipy.linalg cimport cython_blas +# cimport scipy.linalg.cython_blas as cython_blas +# cimport ..linalg.cython_blas as cython_blas + +# Within SciPy, if BLAS functions are needed in C/C++/Fortran, +# these wrappers should not be used. +# The original libraries should be linked directly. + +ctypedef float s +ctypedef double d +ctypedef float complex c +ctypedef double complex z + +cdef void caxpy(int *n, c *ca, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void ccopy(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef c cdotc(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef c cdotu(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgerc(int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeru(int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void chemm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void chemv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void cher(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void cher2(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void cher2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void cherk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, c *a, int *lda, s *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpmv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *ap, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpr2(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void crotg(c *ca, c *cb, s *c, c *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void cscal(int *n, c *ca, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void csrot(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void csscal(int *n, s *sa, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void cswap(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void csymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef d dasum(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void daxpy(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef d dcabs1(z *z) noexcept nogil +cdef void dcopy(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef d ddot(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dger(int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef d dnrm2(int *n, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void drot(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void drotg(d *da, d *db, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void drotm(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *dparam) noexcept nogil +cdef void drotmg(d *dd1, d *dd2, d *dx1, d *dy1, d *dparam) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dscal(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef d dsdot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspmv(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *ap, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspr2(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void dswap(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsymv(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyr2(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef d dzasum(int *n, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef d dznrm2(int *n, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int icamax(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int idamax(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int isamax(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int izamax(int *n, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef bint lsame(char *ca, char *cb) noexcept nogil +cdef s sasum(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void saxpy(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef s scasum(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef s scnrm2(int *n, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void scopy(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef s sdot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef s sdsdot(int *n, s *sb, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void sger(int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef s snrm2(int *n, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void srot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void srotg(s *sa, s *sb, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void srotm(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *sparam) noexcept nogil +cdef void srotmg(s *sd1, s *sd2, s *sx1, s *sy1, s *sparam) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void sscal(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspmv(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *ap, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspr2(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void sswap(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssymv(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyr2(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void stbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void stbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void strmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void strmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void strsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void strsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zaxpy(int *n, z *za, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zcopy(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef z zdotc(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef z zdotu(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zdrot(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void zdscal(int *n, d *da, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgerc(int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeru(int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhemm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhemv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zher(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zher2(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zher2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zherk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, z *a, int *lda, d *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpmv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *ap, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpr2(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void zrotg(z *ca, z *cb, d *c, z *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void zscal(int *n, z *za, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zswap(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pyx b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pyx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..67345bca0adede5663521c14cf7610b79000c062 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_blas.pyx @@ -0,0 +1,1432 @@ +# This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +# Do not edit this file directly. +# cython: boundscheck = False +# cython: wraparound = False +# cython: cdivision = True + +""" +BLAS Functions for Cython +========================= + +Usable from Cython via:: + + cimport scipy.linalg.cython_blas + +These wrappers do not check for alignment of arrays. +Alignment should be checked before these wrappers are used. + +If using ``cdotu``, ``cdotc``, ``zdotu``, ``zdotc``, ``sladiv``, or ``dladiv``, +the ``CYTHON_CCOMPLEX`` define must be set to 0 during compilation. For +example, in a ``meson.build`` file when using Meson:: + + py.extension_module('ext_module' + 'ext_module.pyx', + c_args: ['-DCYTHON_CCOMPLEX=0'], + ... + ) + +Raw function pointers (Fortran-style pointer arguments): + +- caxpy +- ccopy +- cdotc +- cdotu +- cgbmv +- cgemm +- cgemv +- cgerc +- cgeru +- chbmv +- chemm +- chemv +- cher +- cher2 +- cher2k +- cherk +- chpmv +- chpr +- chpr2 +- crotg +- cscal +- csrot +- csscal +- cswap +- csymm +- csyr2k +- csyrk +- ctbmv +- ctbsv +- ctpmv +- ctpsv +- ctrmm +- ctrmv +- ctrsm +- ctrsv +- dasum +- daxpy +- dcabs1 +- dcopy +- ddot +- dgbmv +- dgemm +- dgemv +- dger +- dnrm2 +- drot +- drotg +- drotm +- drotmg +- dsbmv +- dscal +- dsdot +- dspmv +- dspr +- dspr2 +- dswap +- dsymm +- dsymv +- dsyr +- dsyr2 +- dsyr2k +- dsyrk +- dtbmv +- dtbsv +- dtpmv +- dtpsv +- dtrmm +- dtrmv +- dtrsm +- dtrsv +- dzasum +- dznrm2 +- icamax +- idamax +- isamax +- izamax +- lsame +- sasum +- saxpy +- scasum +- scnrm2 +- scopy +- sdot +- sdsdot +- sgbmv +- sgemm +- sgemv +- sger +- snrm2 +- srot +- srotg +- srotm +- srotmg +- ssbmv +- sscal +- sspmv +- sspr +- sspr2 +- sswap +- ssymm +- ssymv +- ssyr +- ssyr2 +- ssyr2k +- ssyrk +- stbmv +- stbsv +- stpmv +- stpsv +- strmm +- strmv +- strsm +- strsv +- zaxpy +- zcopy +- zdotc +- zdotu +- zdrot +- zdscal +- zgbmv +- zgemm +- zgemv +- zgerc +- zgeru +- zhbmv +- zhemm +- zhemv +- zher +- zher2 +- zher2k +- zherk +- zhpmv +- zhpr +- zhpr2 +- zrotg +- zscal +- zswap +- zsymm +- zsyr2k +- zsyrk +- ztbmv +- ztbsv +- ztpmv +- ztpsv +- ztrmm +- ztrmv +- ztrsm +- ztrsv + + +""" + +# Within SciPy, these wrappers can be used via relative or absolute cimport. +# Examples: +# from ..linalg cimport cython_blas +# from scipy.linalg cimport cython_blas +# cimport scipy.linalg.cython_blas as cython_blas +# cimport ..linalg.cython_blas as cython_blas + +# Within SciPy, if BLAS functions are needed in C/C++/Fortran, +# these wrappers should not be used. +# The original libraries should be linked directly. + +cdef extern from "fortran_defs.h": + pass + +from numpy cimport npy_complex64, npy_complex128 + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_caxpy "BLAS_FUNC(caxpy)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void caxpy(int *n, c *ca, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_caxpy(n, ca, cx, incx, cy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ccopy "BLAS_FUNC(ccopy)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void ccopy(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ccopy(n, cx, incx, cy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cdotc "F_FUNC(cdotcwrp,CDOTCWRP)"(npy_complex64 *out, int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy) nogil +cdef c cdotc(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + cdef c out + _fortran_cdotc(&out, n, cx, incx, cy, incy) + return out + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cdotu "F_FUNC(cdotuwrp,CDOTUWRP)"(npy_complex64 *out, int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy) nogil +cdef c cdotu(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + cdef c out + _fortran_cdotu(&out, n, cx, incx, cy, incy) + return out + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbmv "BLAS_FUNC(cgbmv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void cgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbmv(trans, m, n, kl, ku, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgemm "BLAS_FUNC(cgemm)"(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void cgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgemm(transa, transb, m, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgemv "BLAS_FUNC(cgemv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void cgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgemv(trans, m, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgerc "BLAS_FUNC(cgerc)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void cgerc(int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgerc(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeru "BLAS_FUNC(cgeru)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void cgeru(int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeru(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbmv "BLAS_FUNC(chbmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void chbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbmv(uplo, n, k, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chemm "BLAS_FUNC(chemm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void chemm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chemm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chemv "BLAS_FUNC(chemv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void chemv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chemv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cher "BLAS_FUNC(cher)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void cher(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cher(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cher2 "BLAS_FUNC(cher2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void cher2(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cher2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cher2k "BLAS_FUNC(cher2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void cher2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cher2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cherk "BLAS_FUNC(cherk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void cherk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, c *a, int *lda, s *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cherk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpmv "BLAS_FUNC(chpmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void chpmv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *ap, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpr "BLAS_FUNC(chpr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *ap) nogil +cdef void chpr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpr2 "BLAS_FUNC(chpr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, npy_complex64 *ap) nogil +cdef void chpr2(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, c *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_crotg "BLAS_FUNC(crotg)"(npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cb, s *c, npy_complex64 *s) nogil +cdef void crotg(c *ca, c *cb, s *c, c *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_crotg(ca, cb, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cscal "BLAS_FUNC(cscal)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *ca, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void cscal(int *n, c *ca, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cscal(n, ca, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csrot "BLAS_FUNC(csrot)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) nogil +cdef void csrot(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csrot(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csscal "BLAS_FUNC(csscal)"(int *n, s *sa, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void csscal(int *n, s *sa, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csscal(n, sa, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cswap "BLAS_FUNC(cswap)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void cswap(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cswap(n, cx, incx, cy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csymm "BLAS_FUNC(csymm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void csymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csymm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyr2k "BLAS_FUNC(csyr2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void csyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyr2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyrk "BLAS_FUNC(csyrk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void csyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *beta, c *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyrk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctbmv "BLAS_FUNC(ctbmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctbmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctbsv "BLAS_FUNC(ctbsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctbsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpmv "BLAS_FUNC(ctpmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpsv "BLAS_FUNC(ctpsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrmm "BLAS_FUNC(ctrmm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ctrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrmm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrmv "BLAS_FUNC(ctrmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrsm "BLAS_FUNC(ctrsm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ctrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrsm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrsv "BLAS_FUNC(ctrsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ctrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dasum "BLAS_FUNC(dasum)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) nogil +cdef d dasum(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dasum(n, dx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_daxpy "BLAS_FUNC(daxpy)"(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void daxpy(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_daxpy(n, da, dx, incx, dy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dcabs1 "(dcabs1_)"(npy_complex128 *z) nogil +cdef d dcabs1(z *z) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dcabs1(z) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dcopy "BLAS_FUNC(dcopy)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dcopy(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dcopy(n, dx, incx, dy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_ddot "BLAS_FUNC(ddot)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) nogil +cdef d ddot(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ddot(n, dx, incx, dy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbmv "BLAS_FUNC(dgbmv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbmv(trans, m, n, kl, ku, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgemm "BLAS_FUNC(dgemm)"(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void dgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgemm(transa, transb, m, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgemv "BLAS_FUNC(dgemv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgemv(trans, m, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dger "BLAS_FUNC(dger)"(int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void dger(int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dger(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dnrm2 "BLAS_FUNC(dnrm2)"(int *n, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef d dnrm2(int *n, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dnrm2(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_drot "BLAS_FUNC(drot)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) nogil +cdef void drot(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_drot(n, dx, incx, dy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_drotg "BLAS_FUNC(drotg)"(d *da, d *db, d *c, d *s) nogil +cdef void drotg(d *da, d *db, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_drotg(da, db, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_drotm "BLAS_FUNC(drotm)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *dparam) nogil +cdef void drotm(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy, d *dparam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_drotm(n, dx, incx, dy, incy, dparam) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_drotmg "BLAS_FUNC(drotmg)"(d *dd1, d *dd2, d *dx1, d *dy1, d *dparam) nogil +cdef void drotmg(d *dd1, d *dd2, d *dx1, d *dy1, d *dparam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_drotmg(dd1, dd2, dx1, dy1, dparam) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbmv "BLAS_FUNC(dsbmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dsbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbmv(uplo, n, k, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dscal "BLAS_FUNC(dscal)"(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dscal(int *n, d *da, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dscal(n, da, dx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dsdot "BLAS_FUNC(dsdot)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef d dsdot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dsdot(n, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspmv "BLAS_FUNC(dspmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *ap, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dspmv(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *ap, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspr "BLAS_FUNC(dspr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *ap) nogil +cdef void dspr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dspr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ap) nogil +cdef void dspr2(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dswap "BLAS_FUNC(dswap)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dswap(int *n, d *dx, int *incx, d *dy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dswap(n, dx, incx, dy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsymm "BLAS_FUNC(dsymm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void dsymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsymm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsymv "BLAS_FUNC(dsymv)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void dsymv(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx, d *beta, d *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsymv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyr "BLAS_FUNC(dsyr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void dsyr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsyr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void dsyr2(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyr2k "BLAS_FUNC(dsyr2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void dsyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyr2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyrk "BLAS_FUNC(dsyrk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void dsyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyrk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtbmv "BLAS_FUNC(dtbmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtbmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtbsv "BLAS_FUNC(dtbsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtbsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpmv "BLAS_FUNC(dtpmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpsv "BLAS_FUNC(dtpsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrmm "BLAS_FUNC(dtrmm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dtrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrmm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrmv "BLAS_FUNC(dtrmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrsm "BLAS_FUNC(dtrsm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dtrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrsm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrsv "BLAS_FUNC(dtrsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dtrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dzasum "BLAS_FUNC(dzasum)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx) nogil +cdef d dzasum(int *n, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dzasum(n, zx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dznrm2 "BLAS_FUNC(dznrm2)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef d dznrm2(int *n, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dznrm2(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_icamax "BLAS_FUNC(icamax)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int icamax(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_icamax(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_idamax "BLAS_FUNC(idamax)"(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int idamax(int *n, d *dx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_idamax(n, dx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_isamax "BLAS_FUNC(isamax)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int isamax(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_isamax(n, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_izamax "BLAS_FUNC(izamax)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int izamax(int *n, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_izamax(n, zx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + bint _fortran_lsame "(lsame_)"(char *ca, char *cb) nogil +cdef bint lsame(char *ca, char *cb) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_lsame(ca, cb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_sasum "BLAS_FUNC(sasum)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef s sasum(int *n, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_sasum(n, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_saxpy "BLAS_FUNC(saxpy)"(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void saxpy(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_saxpy(n, sa, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_scasum "BLAS_FUNC(scasum)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef s scasum(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_scasum(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_scnrm2 "BLAS_FUNC(scnrm2)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef s scnrm2(int *n, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_scnrm2(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_scopy "BLAS_FUNC(scopy)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void scopy(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_scopy(n, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_sdot "BLAS_FUNC(sdot)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef s sdot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_sdot(n, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_sdsdot "BLAS_FUNC(sdsdot)"(int *n, s *sb, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef s sdsdot(int *n, s *sb, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_sdsdot(n, sb, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbmv "BLAS_FUNC(sgbmv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void sgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbmv(trans, m, n, kl, ku, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgemm "BLAS_FUNC(sgemm)"(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void sgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgemm(transa, transb, m, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgemv "BLAS_FUNC(sgemv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void sgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgemv(trans, m, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sger "BLAS_FUNC(sger)"(int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void sger(int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sger(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_snrm2 "BLAS_FUNC(snrm2)"(int *n, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef s snrm2(int *n, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_snrm2(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_srot "BLAS_FUNC(srot)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) nogil +cdef void srot(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_srot(n, sx, incx, sy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_srotg "BLAS_FUNC(srotg)"(s *sa, s *sb, s *c, s *s) nogil +cdef void srotg(s *sa, s *sb, s *c, s *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_srotg(sa, sb, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_srotm "BLAS_FUNC(srotm)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *sparam) nogil +cdef void srotm(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy, s *sparam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_srotm(n, sx, incx, sy, incy, sparam) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_srotmg "BLAS_FUNC(srotmg)"(s *sd1, s *sd2, s *sx1, s *sy1, s *sparam) nogil +cdef void srotmg(s *sd1, s *sd2, s *sx1, s *sy1, s *sparam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_srotmg(sd1, sd2, sx1, sy1, sparam) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbmv "BLAS_FUNC(ssbmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void ssbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbmv(uplo, n, k, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sscal "BLAS_FUNC(sscal)"(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void sscal(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sscal(n, sa, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspmv "BLAS_FUNC(sspmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *ap, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void sspmv(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *ap, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspr "BLAS_FUNC(sspr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *ap) nogil +cdef void sspr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspr2 "BLAS_FUNC(sspr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ap) nogil +cdef void sspr2(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sswap "BLAS_FUNC(sswap)"(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void sswap(int *n, s *sx, int *incx, s *sy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sswap(n, sx, incx, sy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssymm "BLAS_FUNC(ssymm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void ssymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssymm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssymv "BLAS_FUNC(ssymv)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void ssymv(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx, s *beta, s *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssymv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyr "BLAS_FUNC(ssyr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void ssyr(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyr2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssyr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void ssyr2(char *uplo, int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyr2k "BLAS_FUNC(ssyr2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void ssyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyr2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyrk "BLAS_FUNC(ssyrk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void ssyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyrk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stbmv "BLAS_FUNC(stbmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void stbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stbmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stbsv "BLAS_FUNC(stbsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void stbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stbsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpmv "BLAS_FUNC(stpmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void stpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpsv "BLAS_FUNC(stpsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void stpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strmm "BLAS_FUNC(strmm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void strmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strmm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strmv "BLAS_FUNC(strmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void strmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strsm "BLAS_FUNC(strsm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void strsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strsm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strsv "BLAS_FUNC(strsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void strsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zaxpy "BLAS_FUNC(zaxpy)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *za, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zaxpy(int *n, z *za, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zaxpy(n, za, zx, incx, zy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zcopy "BLAS_FUNC(zcopy)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zcopy(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zcopy(n, zx, incx, zy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zdotc "F_FUNC(zdotcwrp,ZDOTCWRP)"(npy_complex128 *out, int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy) nogil +cdef z zdotc(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + cdef z out + _fortran_zdotc(&out, n, zx, incx, zy, incy) + return out + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zdotu "F_FUNC(zdotuwrp,ZDOTUWRP)"(npy_complex128 *out, int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy) nogil +cdef z zdotu(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + cdef z out + _fortran_zdotu(&out, n, zx, incx, zy, incy) + return out + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zdrot "BLAS_FUNC(zdrot)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) nogil +cdef void zdrot(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, d *c, d *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zdrot(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zdscal "BLAS_FUNC(zdscal)"(int *n, d *da, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void zdscal(int *n, d *da, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zdscal(n, da, zx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbmv "BLAS_FUNC(zgbmv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zgbmv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbmv(trans, m, n, kl, ku, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgemm "BLAS_FUNC(zgemm)"(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zgemm(char *transa, char *transb, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgemm(transa, transb, m, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgemv "BLAS_FUNC(zgemv)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zgemv(char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgemv(trans, m, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgerc "BLAS_FUNC(zgerc)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zgerc(int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgerc(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeru "BLAS_FUNC(zgeru)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zgeru(int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeru(m, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbmv "BLAS_FUNC(zhbmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zhbmv(char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbmv(uplo, n, k, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhemm "BLAS_FUNC(zhemm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zhemm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhemm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhemv "BLAS_FUNC(zhemv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zhemv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhemv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zher "BLAS_FUNC(zher)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zher(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zher(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zher2 "BLAS_FUNC(zher2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zher2(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zher2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zher2k "BLAS_FUNC(zher2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zher2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zher2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zherk "BLAS_FUNC(zherk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zherk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, z *a, int *lda, d *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zherk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpmv "BLAS_FUNC(zhpmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zhpmv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *ap, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpr "BLAS_FUNC(zhpr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *ap) nogil +cdef void zhpr(char *uplo, int *n, d *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhpr2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, npy_complex128 *ap) nogil +cdef void zhpr2(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, z *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpr2(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, y, incy, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zrotg "BLAS_FUNC(zrotg)"(npy_complex128 *ca, npy_complex128 *cb, d *c, npy_complex128 *s) nogil +cdef void zrotg(z *ca, z *cb, d *c, z *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zrotg(ca, cb, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zscal "BLAS_FUNC(zscal)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *za, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void zscal(int *n, z *za, z *zx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zscal(n, za, zx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zswap "BLAS_FUNC(zswap)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *zx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *zy, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zswap(int *n, z *zx, int *incx, z *zy, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zswap(n, zx, incx, zy, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsymm "BLAS_FUNC(zsymm)"(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zsymm(char *side, char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsymm(side, uplo, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyr2k "BLAS_FUNC(zsyr2k)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zsyr2k(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyr2k(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyrk "BLAS_FUNC(zsyrk)"(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc) nogil +cdef void zsyrk(char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *beta, z *c, int *ldc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyrk(uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c, ldc) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztbmv "BLAS_FUNC(ztbmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztbmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztbmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztbsv "BLAS_FUNC(ztbsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztbsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztbsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, k, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpmv "BLAS_FUNC(ztpmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztpmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpsv "BLAS_FUNC(ztpsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztpsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, ap, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrmm "BLAS_FUNC(ztrmm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ztrmm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrmm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrmv "BLAS_FUNC(ztrmv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztrmv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrmv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrsm "BLAS_FUNC(ztrsm)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ztrsm(char *side, char *uplo, char *transa, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrsm(side, uplo, transa, diag, m, n, alpha, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_blas_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrsv "BLAS_FUNC(ztrsv)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void ztrsv(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrsv(uplo, trans, diag, n, a, lda, x, incx) + + + +# Python-accessible wrappers for testing: + +cdef inline bint _is_contiguous(double[:,:] a, int axis) noexcept nogil: + return (a.strides[axis] == sizeof(a[0,0]) or a.shape[axis] == 1) + +cpdef float complex _test_cdotc(float complex[:] cx, float complex[:] cy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = cx.shape[0] + int incx = cx.strides[0] // sizeof(cx[0]) + int incy = cy.strides[0] // sizeof(cy[0]) + return cdotc(&n, &cx[0], &incx, &cy[0], &incy) + +cpdef float complex _test_cdotu(float complex[:] cx, float complex[:] cy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = cx.shape[0] + int incx = cx.strides[0] // sizeof(cx[0]) + int incy = cy.strides[0] // sizeof(cy[0]) + return cdotu(&n, &cx[0], &incx, &cy[0], &incy) + +cpdef double _test_dasum(double[:] dx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = dx.shape[0] + int incx = dx.strides[0] // sizeof(dx[0]) + return dasum(&n, &dx[0], &incx) + +cpdef double _test_ddot(double[:] dx, double[:] dy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = dx.shape[0] + int incx = dx.strides[0] // sizeof(dx[0]) + int incy = dy.strides[0] // sizeof(dy[0]) + return ddot(&n, &dx[0], &incx, &dy[0], &incy) + +cpdef int _test_dgemm(double alpha, double[:,:] a, double[:,:] b, double beta, + double[:,:] c) except -1 nogil: + cdef: + char *transa + char *transb + int m, n, k, lda, ldb, ldc + double *a0=&a[0,0] + double *b0=&b[0,0] + double *c0=&c[0,0] + # In the case that c is C contiguous, swap a and b and + # swap whether or not each of them is transposed. + # This can be done because a.dot(b) = b.T.dot(a.T).T. + if _is_contiguous(c, 1): + if _is_contiguous(a, 1): + transb = 'n' + ldb = (&a[1,0]) - a0 if a.shape[0] > 1 else 1 + elif _is_contiguous(a, 0): + transb = 't' + ldb = (&a[0,1]) - a0 if a.shape[1] > 1 else 1 + else: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Input 'a' is neither C nor Fortran contiguous.") + if _is_contiguous(b, 1): + transa = 'n' + lda = (&b[1,0]) - b0 if b.shape[0] > 1 else 1 + elif _is_contiguous(b, 0): + transa = 't' + lda = (&b[0,1]) - b0 if b.shape[1] > 1 else 1 + else: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Input 'b' is neither C nor Fortran contiguous.") + k = b.shape[0] + if k != a.shape[1]: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Shape mismatch in input arrays.") + m = b.shape[1] + n = a.shape[0] + if n != c.shape[0] or m != c.shape[1]: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Output array does not have the correct shape.") + ldc = (&c[1,0]) - c0 if c.shape[0] > 1 else 1 + dgemm(transa, transb, &m, &n, &k, &alpha, b0, &lda, a0, + &ldb, &beta, c0, &ldc) + elif _is_contiguous(c, 0): + if _is_contiguous(a, 1): + transa = 't' + lda = (&a[1,0]) - a0 if a.shape[0] > 1 else 1 + elif _is_contiguous(a, 0): + transa = 'n' + lda = (&a[0,1]) - a0 if a.shape[1] > 1 else 1 + else: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Input 'a' is neither C nor Fortran contiguous.") + if _is_contiguous(b, 1): + transb = 't' + ldb = (&b[1,0]) - b0 if b.shape[0] > 1 else 1 + elif _is_contiguous(b, 0): + transb = 'n' + ldb = (&b[0,1]) - b0 if b.shape[1] > 1 else 1 + else: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Input 'b' is neither C nor Fortran contiguous.") + m = a.shape[0] + k = a.shape[1] + if k != b.shape[0]: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Shape mismatch in input arrays.") + n = b.shape[1] + if m != c.shape[0] or n != c.shape[1]: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Output array does not have the correct shape.") + ldc = (&c[0,1]) - c0 if c.shape[1] > 1 else 1 + dgemm(transa, transb, &m, &n, &k, &alpha, a0, &lda, b0, + &ldb, &beta, c0, &ldc) + else: + with gil: + raise ValueError("Input 'c' is neither C nor Fortran contiguous.") + return 0 + +cpdef double _test_dnrm2(double[:] x) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = x.shape[0] + int incx = x.strides[0] // sizeof(x[0]) + return dnrm2(&n, &x[0], &incx) + +cpdef double _test_dzasum(double complex[:] zx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = zx.shape[0] + int incx = zx.strides[0] // sizeof(zx[0]) + return dzasum(&n, &zx[0], &incx) + +cpdef double _test_dznrm2(double complex[:] x) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = x.shape[0] + int incx = x.strides[0] // sizeof(x[0]) + return dznrm2(&n, &x[0], &incx) + +cpdef int _test_icamax(float complex[:] cx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = cx.shape[0] + int incx = cx.strides[0] // sizeof(cx[0]) + return icamax(&n, &cx[0], &incx) + +cpdef int _test_idamax(double[:] dx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = dx.shape[0] + int incx = dx.strides[0] // sizeof(dx[0]) + return idamax(&n, &dx[0], &incx) + +cpdef int _test_isamax(float[:] sx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = sx.shape[0] + int incx = sx.strides[0] // sizeof(sx[0]) + return isamax(&n, &sx[0], &incx) + +cpdef int _test_izamax(double complex[:] zx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = zx.shape[0] + int incx = zx.strides[0] // sizeof(zx[0]) + return izamax(&n, &zx[0], &incx) + +cpdef float _test_sasum(float[:] sx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = sx.shape[0] + int incx = sx.strides[0] // sizeof(sx[0]) + return sasum(&n, &sx[0], &incx) + +cpdef float _test_scasum(float complex[:] cx) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = cx.shape[0] + int incx = cx.strides[0] // sizeof(cx[0]) + return scasum(&n, &cx[0], &incx) + +cpdef float _test_scnrm2(float complex[:] x) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = x.shape[0] + int incx = x.strides[0] // sizeof(x[0]) + return scnrm2(&n, &x[0], &incx) + +cpdef float _test_sdot(float[:] sx, float[:] sy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = sx.shape[0] + int incx = sx.strides[0] // sizeof(sx[0]) + int incy = sy.strides[0] // sizeof(sy[0]) + return sdot(&n, &sx[0], &incx, &sy[0], &incy) + +cpdef float _test_snrm2(float[:] x) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = x.shape[0] + int incx = x.strides[0] // sizeof(x[0]) + return snrm2(&n, &x[0], &incx) + +cpdef double complex _test_zdotc(double complex[:] zx, double complex[:] zy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = zx.shape[0] + int incx = zx.strides[0] // sizeof(zx[0]) + int incy = zy.strides[0] // sizeof(zy[0]) + return zdotc(&n, &zx[0], &incx, &zy[0], &incy) + +cpdef double complex _test_zdotu(double complex[:] zx, double complex[:] zy) noexcept nogil: + cdef: + int n = zx.shape[0] + int incx = zx.strides[0] // sizeof(zx[0]) + int incy = zy.strides[0] // sizeof(zy[0]) + return zdotu(&n, &zx[0], &incx, &zy[0], &incy) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.cpython-312-darwin.so b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.cpython-312-darwin.so new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63b81d4fd379a27f982975153da14f52a5a78b00 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.cpython-312-darwin.so @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:6bb5f0ab54c4dd5dbb3a8a2b92e67939eb695cf2c2a5e0b5ff6acdc3b52cb0cd +size 373056 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pxd b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pxd new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7964c52d766cd1b08bda6411960a29dbeb6bfe2d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pxd @@ -0,0 +1,1528 @@ +""" +This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +Do not edit this file directly. +""" + +# Within SciPy, these wrappers can be used via relative or absolute cimport. +# Examples: +# from ..linalg cimport cython_lapack +# from scipy.linalg cimport cython_lapack +# cimport scipy.linalg.cython_lapack as cython_lapack +# cimport ..linalg.cython_lapack as cython_lapack + +# Within SciPy, if LAPACK functions are needed in C/C++/Fortran, +# these wrappers should not be used. +# The original libraries should be linked directly. + +ctypedef float s +ctypedef double d +ctypedef float complex c +ctypedef double complex z + +# Function pointer type declarations for +# gees and gges families of functions. +ctypedef bint cselect1(c*) +ctypedef bint cselect2(c*, c*) +ctypedef bint dselect2(d*, d*) +ctypedef bint dselect3(d*, d*, d*) +ctypedef bint sselect2(s*, s*) +ctypedef bint sselect3(s*, s*, s*) +ctypedef bint zselect1(z*) +ctypedef bint zselect2(z*, z*) + +cdef void cbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, c *u1, int *ldu1, c *u2, int *ldu2, c *v1t, int *ldv1t, c *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *u, int *ldu, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *pt, int *ldpt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, c *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgebal(char *job, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgebd2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgebrd(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgecon(char *norm, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeequ(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeequb(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, cselect1 *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *sdim, c *w, c *vs, int *ldvs, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, cselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *sdim, c *w, c *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgelq2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgelqf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeql2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqlf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqp3(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqr2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqrf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgerq2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgerqf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgesc2(int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, c *u, int *ldu, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, c *u, int *ldu, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgetc2(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgetf2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgetrf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgetri(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, c *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggbal(char *job, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, cselect2 *selctg, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vsl, int *ldvsl, c *vsr, int *ldvsr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, cselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vsl, int *ldvsl, c *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *d, c *x, c *y, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, c *d, c *x, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *taua, c *b, int *ldb, c *taub, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *taua, c *b, int *ldb, c *taub, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgtcon(char *norm, int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *dlf, c *df, c *duf, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *dlf, c *df, c *duf, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgttrf(int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, c *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, c *x, int *ldx, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, c *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void checon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheequb(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chegs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chegst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chegv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chegvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chegvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cherfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chesv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chesvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cheswapr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetd2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetrd(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetri2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetri2x(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chetrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, c *a, int *lda, s *beta, c *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void chgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *t, int *ldt, c *alpha, c *beta, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef char chla_transtype(int *trans) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chpsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chptrd(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *d, s *e, c *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void chseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *x, int *ldx, c *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacgv(int *n, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacn2(int *n, c *v, c *x, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacon(int *n, c *v, c *x, s *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacp2(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacrm(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void clacrt(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, c *c, c *s) noexcept nogil +cdef c cladiv(c *x, c *y) noexcept nogil +cdef void claed0(int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *qstore, int *ldqs, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claed7(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, c *q, int *ldq, s *rho, int *indxq, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claed8(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, c *q, int *ldq, s *d, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, c *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *v, c *b, int *ldb, s *rwork, s *eps3, s *smlnum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claesy(c *a, c *b, c *c, c *rt1, c *rt2, c *evscal, c *cs1, c *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void claev2(c *a, c *b, c *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, c *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void clag2z(int *m, int *n, c *sa, int *ldsa, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clags2(bint *upper, s *a1, c *a2, s *a3, s *b1, c *b2, s *b3, s *csu, c *snu, s *csv, c *snv, s *csq, c *snq) noexcept nogil +cdef void clagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *x, int *ldx, s *beta, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void clahef(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt, c *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void claic1(int *job, int *j, c *x, s *sest, c *w, c *gamma, s *sestpr, c *s, c *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void clals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, c *b, int *ldb, c *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, c *b, int *ldb, c *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, c *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef s clangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clangt(char *norm, int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanhb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanhe(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanhf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanhp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanhs(char *norm, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clanht(char *norm, int *n, s *d, c *e) noexcept nogil +cdef s clansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s clantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clapll(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) noexcept nogil +cdef void clapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, c *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void clapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, c *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqge(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqhb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqhe(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqhp(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, c *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, c *auxv, c *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr1(int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *s1, c *s2, c *v) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, c *sh, c *v, int *ldv, int *nh, c *t, int *ldt, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, c *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, c *sh, c *v, int *ldv, int *nh, c *t, int *ldt, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, c *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, c *s, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *v, int *ldv, c *u, int *ldu, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, c *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqsp(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void claqsy(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void clar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, c *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clar2v(int *n, c *x, c *y, c *z, int *incx, s *c, c *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarcm(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, c *v, int *incv, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarfg(int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarfgp(int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, c *v, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clargv(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, c *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarrv(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clartg(c *f, c *g, s *cs, c *sn, c *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void clartv(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *c, c *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, c *v, int *incv, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void clarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void clascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void claset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *beta, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void clasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void classq(int *n, c *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) noexcept nogil +cdef void claswp(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void clasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatdf(int *ijob, int *n, c *z, int *ldz, c *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, c *ap, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, s *e, c *tau, c *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void clauu2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void clauum(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpocon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpoequ(int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpoequb(int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpotri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cppcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cppequ(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cptcon(int *n, s *d, c *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cptrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, s *df, c *ef, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, s *df, c *ef, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpttrf(int *n, s *d, c *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cpttrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cptts2(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void crot(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, s *c, c *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void cspcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cspmv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *ap, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void cspr(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void csprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csrscl(int *n, s *sa, c *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void cstedc(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cstein(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csycon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyequb(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csymv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyr(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytri2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void csytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *arf, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *arf, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *s, int *lds, c *p, int *ldp, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, c *u, int *ldu, c *v, int *ldv, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, c *d, int *ldd, c *e, int *lde, c *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, c *d, int *ldd, c *e, int *lde, c *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *t, int *ldt, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctpttr(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrexc(char *compq, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *q, int *ldq, c *w, int *m, s *s, s *sep, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, c *work, int *ldwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctrttp(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ctzrzf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, c *x11, int *ldx11, c *x12, int *ldx12, c *x21, int *ldx21, c *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, c *taup1, c *taup2, c *tauq1, c *tauq2, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cuncsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, c *x11, int *ldx11, c *x12, int *ldx12, c *x21, int *ldx21, c *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, c *u1, int *ldu1, c *u2, int *ldu2, c *v1t, int *ldv1t, c *v2t, int *ldv2t, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cung2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cung2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungql(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cungtr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cunmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cupgtr(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *tau, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void cupmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *ap, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dbdsdc(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *q, int *iq, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ddisna(char *job, int *m, int *n, d *d, d *sep, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *pt, int *ldpt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgebal(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgebd2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgebrd(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgecon(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeequ(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeequb(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, dselect2 *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, dselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgejsv(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgelq2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgelqf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeql2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqlf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqp3(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqr2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqrf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgerq2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgerqf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesc2(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesvj(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgetc2(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgetf2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgetrf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgetri(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggbal(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, dselect3 *selctg, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, dselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *d, d *x, d *y, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, d *d, d *x, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgsvj0(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgsvj1(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgtcon(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgttrf(int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dhgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *t, int *ldt, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dhsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dhseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef bint disnan(d *din) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlabad(d *small, d *large) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *x, int *ldx, d *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlacn2(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlacon(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dladiv(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *p, d *q) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlae2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaebz(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, d *abstol, d *reltol, d *pivmin, d *d, d *e, d *e2, int *nval, d *ab, d *c, int *mout, int *nab, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed0(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *qstore, int *ldqs, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed1(int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed2(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, d *z, d *dlamda, d *w, d *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed3(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, d *w, d *s, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed4(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed5(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed6(int *kniter, bint *orgati, d *rho, d *d, d *z, d *finit, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed7(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed8(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaed9(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *w, d *s, int *lds, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaeda(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *q, int *qptr, d *z, d *ztemp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vr, d *vi, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, d *eps3, d *smlnum, d *bignum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaev2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, d *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaexc(bint *wantq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlag2(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *safmin, d *scale1, d *scale2, d *wr1, d *wr2, d *wi) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlag2s(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlags2(bint *upper, d *a1, d *a2, d *a3, d *b1, d *b2, d *b3, d *csu, d *snu, d *csv, d *snv, d *csq, d *snq) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlagtf(int *n, d *a, d *lambda_, d *b, d *c, d *tol, d *d, int *in_, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *x, int *ldx, d *beta, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlagts(int *job, int *n, d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, int *in_, d *y, d *tol, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlagv2(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *csl, d *snl, d *csr, d *snr) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt, d *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaic1(int *job, int *j, d *x, d *sest, d *w, d *gamma, d *sestpr, d *s, d *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaln2(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, d *smin, d *ca, d *a, int *lda, d *d1, d *d2, d *b, int *ldb, d *wr, d *wi, d *x, int *ldx, d *scale, d *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlamch(char *cmach) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlamrg(int *n1, int *n2, d *a, int *dtrd1, int *dtrd2, int *index_bn) noexcept nogil +cdef int dlaneg(int *n, d *d, d *lld, d *sigma, d *pivmin, int *r) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlangt(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d_, d *du) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlanhs(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlansf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlanst(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, d *e) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlanv2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *rt1r, d *rt1i, d *rt2r, d *rt2i, d *cs, d *sn) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlapll(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlapy2(d *x, d *y) noexcept nogil +cdef d dlapy3(d *x, d *y, d *z) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqge(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *auxv, d *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr1(int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *sr1, d *si1, d *sr2, d *si2, d *v) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, d *sr, d *si, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *v, int *ldv, d *u, int *ldu, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, d *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaqtr(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *b, d *w, d *scale, d *x, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, d *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlar2v(int *n, d *x, d *y, d *z, int *incx, d *c, d *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarfg(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarfgp(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlargv(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, d *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarra(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *spltol, d *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrb(int *n, d *d, d *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, int *offset, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrc(char *jobt, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *e, d *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrd(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *gers, d *reltol, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wl, d *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarre(char *range, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *pivmin, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrf(int *n, d *d, d *l, d *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *spdiam, d *clgapl, d *clgapr, d *pivmin, d *sigma, d *dplus, d *lplus, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrj(int *n, d *d, d *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol, int *offset, d *w, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrk(int *n, int *iw, d *gl, d *gu, d *d, d *e2, d *pivmin, d *reltol, d *w, d *werr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrr(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarrv(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlartg(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlartgp(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlartgs(d *x, d *y, d *sigma, d *cs, d *sn) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlartv(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, d *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaruv(int *iseed, int *n, d *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlas2(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd0(int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd1(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd2(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *dsigma, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd3(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *dsigma, d *u, int *ldu, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, d *z, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd4(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *sigma, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd5(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dsigma, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd6(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *vf, d *vl, d *alpha, d *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd7(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *zw, d *vf, d *vfw, d *vl, d *vlw, d *alpha, d *beta, d *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *c, d *s, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasd8(int *icompq, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *vf, d *vl, d *difl, d *difr, int *lddifr, d *dsigma, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasda(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasdq(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasdt(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *beta, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasq1(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasq2(int *n, d *z, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasq3(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *sigma, d *desig, d *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *g, d *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasq4(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, int *n0in, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *tau, int *ttype, d *g) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasq6(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dnm1, d *dnm2) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasrt(char *id, int *n, d *d, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlassq(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasv2(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax, d *snr, d *csr, d *snl, d *csl) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlaswp(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasy2(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, d *tl, int *ldtl, d *tr, int *ldtr, d *b, int *ldb, d *scale, d *x, int *ldx, d *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlat2s(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatdf(int *ijob, int *n, d *z, int *ldz, d *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *ap, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *e, d *tau, d *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlauu2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dlauum(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dopgtr(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dopmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, d *taup1, d *taup2, d *tauq1, d *tauq2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorg2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorg2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgql(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorgtr(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dorml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dormtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpocon(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpoequ(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpoequb(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpotri(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dppcon(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dppequ(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpptri(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dptcon(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dptrfs(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpttrf(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dpttrs(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dptts2(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void drscl(int *n, d *sa, d *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspcon(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsptrd(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsptrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsptri(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstebz(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, d *d, d *e, int *m, int *nsplit, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstedc(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstein(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsterf(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstev(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstevd(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstevr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dstevx(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsycon(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyequb(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsygs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsygst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsygv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsygvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsygvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytd2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytrd(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytri(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytri2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dsytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *s, int *lds, d *p, int *ldp, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtpttr(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrexc(char *compq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, d *wr, d *wi, int *m, d *s, d *sep, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtrttp(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void dtzrzf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef d dzsum1(int *n, z *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int icmax1(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef int ieeeck(int *ispec, s *zero, s *one) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilaclc(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilaclr(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int iladiag(char *diag) noexcept nogil +cdef int iladlc(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int iladlr(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilaprec(char *prec) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilaslc(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilaslr(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilatrans(char *trans) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilauplo(char *uplo) noexcept nogil +cdef void ilaver(int *vers_major, int *vers_minor, int *vers_patch) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilazlc(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int ilazlr(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef int izmax1(int *n, z *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void sbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sbdsdc(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *q, int *iq, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef s scsum1(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void sdisna(char *job, int *m, int *n, s *d, s *sep, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *pt, int *ldpt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgebal(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgebd2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgebrd(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgecon(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeequ(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeequb(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, sselect2 *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, sselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgejsv(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgelq2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgelqf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeql2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqlf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqp3(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqr2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqrf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgerq2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgerqf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesc2(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesvj(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgetc2(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgetf2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgetrf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgetri(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggbal(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, sselect3 *selctg, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, sselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *d, s *x, s *y, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, s *d, s *x, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgsvj0(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgsvj1(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgtcon(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgttrf(int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void shgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *t, int *ldt, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void shsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void shseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slabad(s *small, s *large) noexcept nogil +cdef void slabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *x, int *ldx, s *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void slacn2(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil +cdef void slacon(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil +cdef void slacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void sladiv(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *p, s *q) noexcept nogil +cdef void slae2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaebz(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, s *abstol, s *reltol, s *pivmin, s *d, s *e, s *e2, int *nval, s *ab, s *c, int *mout, int *nab, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed0(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *qstore, int *ldqs, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed1(int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed2(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, s *z, s *dlamda, s *w, s *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed3(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, s *w, s *s, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed4(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed5(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed6(int *kniter, bint *orgati, s *rho, s *d, s *z, s *finit, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed7(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed8(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaed9(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *w, s *s, int *lds, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaeda(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *q, int *qptr, s *z, s *ztemp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vr, s *vi, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, s *eps3, s *smlnum, s *bignum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaev2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, s *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaexc(bint *wantq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slag2(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *safmin, s *scale1, s *scale2, s *wr1, s *wr2, s *wi) noexcept nogil +cdef void slag2d(int *m, int *n, s *sa, int *ldsa, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slags2(bint *upper, s *a1, s *a2, s *a3, s *b1, s *b2, s *b3, s *csu, s *snu, s *csv, s *snv, s *csq, s *snq) noexcept nogil +cdef void slagtf(int *n, s *a, s *lambda_, s *b, s *c, s *tol, s *d, int *in_, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *x, int *ldx, s *beta, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void slagts(int *job, int *n, s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, int *in_, s *y, s *tol, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slagv2(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *csl, s *snl, s *csr, s *snr) noexcept nogil +cdef void slahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt, s *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaic1(int *job, int *j, s *x, s *sest, s *w, s *gamma, s *sestpr, s *s, s *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaln2(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, s *smin, s *ca, s *a, int *lda, s *d1, s *d2, s *b, int *ldb, s *wr, s *wi, s *x, int *ldx, s *scale, s *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef s slamch(char *cmach) noexcept nogil +cdef void slamrg(int *n1, int *n2, s *a, int *strd1, int *strd2, int *index_bn) noexcept nogil +cdef s slangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slangt(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du) noexcept nogil +cdef s slanhs(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slansf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slanst(char *norm, int *n, s *d, s *e) noexcept nogil +cdef s slansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef s slantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slanv2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *rt1r, s *rt1i, s *rt2r, s *rt2i, s *cs, s *sn) noexcept nogil +cdef void slapll(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) noexcept nogil +cdef void slapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void slapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef s slapy2(s *x, s *y) noexcept nogil +cdef s slapy3(s *x, s *y, s *z) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqge(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *auxv, s *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr1(int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *sr1, s *si1, s *sr2, s *si2, s *v) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, s *sr, s *si, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *v, int *ldv, s *u, int *ldu, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, s *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaqtr(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *b, s *w, s *scale, s *x, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, s *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slar2v(int *n, s *x, s *y, s *z, int *incx, s *c, s *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarfg(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarfgp(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slargv(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, s *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarra(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *spltol, s *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrb(int *n, s *d, s *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, int *offset, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrc(char *jobt, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *e, s *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrd(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *gers, s *reltol, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wl, s *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarre(char *range, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *pivmin, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrf(int *n, s *d, s *l, s *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *spdiam, s *clgapl, s *clgapr, s *pivmin, s *sigma, s *dplus, s *lplus, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrj(int *n, s *d, s *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol, int *offset, s *w, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrk(int *n, int *iw, s *gl, s *gu, s *d, s *e2, s *pivmin, s *reltol, s *w, s *werr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrr(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarrv(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slartg(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void slartgp(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void slartgs(s *x, s *y, s *sigma, s *cs, s *sn) noexcept nogil +cdef void slartv(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, s *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaruv(int *iseed, int *n, s *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void slarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void slas2(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax) noexcept nogil +cdef void slascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd0(int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd1(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd2(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *dsigma, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd3(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *dsigma, s *u, int *ldu, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, s *z, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd4(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *sigma, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd5(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dsigma, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd6(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *vf, s *vl, s *alpha, s *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd7(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *zw, s *vf, s *vfw, s *vl, s *vlw, s *alpha, s *beta, s *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *c, s *s, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasd8(int *icompq, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *vf, s *vl, s *difl, s *difr, int *lddifr, s *dsigma, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasda(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasdq(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasdt(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *beta, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasq1(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasq2(int *n, s *z, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasq3(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *sigma, s *desig, s *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *g, s *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasq4(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, int *n0in, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *tau, int *ttype, s *g) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasq6(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dnm1, s *dnm2) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasrt(char *id, int *n, s *d, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slassq(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasv2(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax, s *snr, s *csr, s *snl, s *csl) noexcept nogil +cdef void slaswp(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasy2(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, s *tl, int *ldtl, s *tr, int *ldtr, s *b, int *ldb, s *scale, s *x, int *ldx, s *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatdf(int *ijob, int *n, s *z, int *ldz, s *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *ap, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *e, s *tau, s *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void slauu2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void slauum(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sopgtr(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sopmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, s *taup1, s *taup2, s *tauq1, s *tauq2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorg2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorg2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgql(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorgtr(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sorml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sormtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spocon(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spoequ(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spoequb(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spotf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spotrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spotri(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sppcon(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sppequ(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spptrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spptri(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spstf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spstrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sptcon(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sptrfs(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spttrf(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void spttrs(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sptts2(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void srscl(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *x, int *ldx, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspcon(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssptrd(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssptrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssptri(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstebz(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, s *d, s *e, int *m, int *nsplit, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstedc(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstein(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssterf(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstev(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstevd(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstevr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void sstevx(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssycon(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyequb(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssygs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssygst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssygv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssygvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssygvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytd2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytrd(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytri(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytri2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ssytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void stftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *s, int *lds, s *p, int *ldp, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void stprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stpttr(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strexc(char *compq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, s *wr, s *wi, int *m, s *s, s *sep, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void strttp(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void stzrzf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void xerbla_array(char *srname_array, int *srname_len, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, z *u1, int *ldu1, z *u2, int *ldu2, z *v1t, int *ldv1t, z *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *u, int *ldu, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zcgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, c *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zcposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, c *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zdrscl(int *n, d *sa, z *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *pt, int *ldpt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, z *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgebal(char *job, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgebd2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgebrd(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgecon(char *norm, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeequ(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeequb(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, zselect1 *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *sdim, z *w, z *vs, int *ldvs, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, zselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *sdim, z *w, z *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgelq2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgelqf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeql2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqlf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqp3(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqr2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqrf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgerq2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgerqf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgesc2(int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, z *u, int *ldu, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, z *u, int *ldu, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgetc2(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgetf2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgetrf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgetri(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, z *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggbal(char *job, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, zselect2 *selctg, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vsl, int *ldvsl, z *vsr, int *ldvsr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, zselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vsl, int *ldvsl, z *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *d, z *x, z *y, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, z *d, z *x, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *taua, z *b, int *ldb, z *taub, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *taua, z *b, int *ldb, z *taub, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgtcon(char *norm, int *n, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *dlf, z *df, z *duf, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *dlf, z *df, z *duf, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgttrf(int *n, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, z *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, z *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhecon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheequb(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhegs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhegst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhegv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhegvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhegvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zherfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhesv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhesvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zheswapr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetd2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetrd(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetri2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetri2x(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhetrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, z *a, int *lda, d *beta, z *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *t, int *ldt, z *alpha, z *beta, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhpsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhptrd(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *d, d *e, z *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zhseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *x, int *ldx, z *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacgv(int *n, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacn2(int *n, z *v, z *x, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacon(int *n, z *v, z *x, d *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacp2(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacrm(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlacrt(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, z *c, z *s) noexcept nogil +cdef z zladiv(z *x, z *y) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaed0(int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *qstore, int *ldqs, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaed7(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, z *q, int *ldq, d *rho, int *indxq, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaed8(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, z *q, int *ldq, d *d, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, z *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *v, z *b, int *ldb, d *rwork, d *eps3, d *smlnum, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaesy(z *a, z *b, z *c, z *rt1, z *rt2, z *evscal, z *cs1, z *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaev2(z *a, z *b, z *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, z *sn1) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlag2c(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, c *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlags2(bint *upper, d *a1, z *a2, d *a3, d *b1, z *b2, d *b3, d *csu, z *snu, d *csv, z *snv, d *csq, z *snq) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *x, int *ldx, d *beta, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlahef(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt, z *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaic1(int *job, int *j, z *x, d *sest, z *w, z *gamma, d *sestpr, z *s, z *c) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, z *b, int *ldb, z *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, z *b, int *ldb, z *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, z *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlangt(char *norm, int *n, z *dl, z *d_, z *du) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanhb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanhe(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanhf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanhp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanhs(char *norm, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlanht(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, z *e) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef d zlantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlapll(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, z *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, z *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqge(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqhb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqhe(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqhp(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, z *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, z *auxv, z *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr1(int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *s1, z *s2, z *v) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, z *sh, z *v, int *ldv, int *nh, z *t, int *ldt, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, z *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, z *sh, z *v, int *ldv, int *nh, z *t, int *ldt, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, z *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, z *s, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *v, int *ldv, z *u, int *ldu, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, z *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, z *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlar2v(int *n, z *x, z *y, z *z, int *incx, d *c, z *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarcm(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, z *v, int *incv, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarfg(int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarfgp(int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *tau) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, z *v, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlargv(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, z *x) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarrv(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlartg(z *f, z *g, d *cs, z *sn, z *r) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlartv(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *c, z *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, z *v, int *incv, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *beta, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlassq(int *n, z *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlaswp(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlat2c(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, c *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatdf(int *ijob, int *n, z *z, int *ldz, z *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, z *ap, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, d *e, z *tau, z *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlauu2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zlauum(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpocon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpoequ(int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpoequb(int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpotri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zppcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zppequ(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zptcon(int *n, d *d, z *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zptrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, d *df, z *ef, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, d *df, z *ef, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpttrf(int *n, d *d, z *e, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zpttrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zptts2(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void zrot(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, d *c, z *s) noexcept nogil +cdef void zspcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zspmv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *ap, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zspr(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *ap) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zstedc(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zstein(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsycon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyequb(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsymv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyr(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytri2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zsytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *arf, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *arf, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *s, int *lds, z *p, int *ldp, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, z *u, int *ldu, z *v, int *ldv, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, z *d, int *ldd, z *e, int *lde, z *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, z *d, int *ldd, z *e, int *lde, z *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *t, int *ldt, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztpttr(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrexc(char *compq, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *q, int *ldq, z *w, int *m, d *s, d *sep, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, z *work, int *ldwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztrttp(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void ztzrzf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, z *x11, int *ldx11, z *x12, int *ldx12, z *x21, int *ldx21, z *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, z *taup1, z *taup2, z *tauq1, z *tauq2, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zuncsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, z *x11, int *ldx11, z *x12, int *ldx12, z *x21, int *ldx21, z *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, z *u1, int *ldu1, z *u2, int *ldu2, z *v1t, int *ldv1t, z *v2t, int *ldv2t, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zung2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zung2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungql(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zungtr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zunmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zupgtr(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *tau, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil +cdef void zupmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *ap, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pyx b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pyx new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6bde08d810a65d54bd5ef1a7f963c6f81700e7b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/cython_lapack.pyx @@ -0,0 +1,12045 @@ +# This file was generated by _generate_pyx.py. +# Do not edit this file directly. +""" +LAPACK functions for Cython +=========================== + +Usable from Cython via:: + + cimport scipy.linalg.cython_lapack + +This module provides Cython-level wrappers for all primary routines included +in LAPACK 3.4.0 except for ``zcgesv`` since its interface is not consistent +from LAPACK 3.4.0 to 3.6.0. It also provides some of the +fixed-api auxiliary routines. + +These wrappers do not check for alignment of arrays. +Alignment should be checked before these wrappers are used. + +Raw function pointers (Fortran-style pointer arguments): + +- cbbcsd +- cbdsqr +- cgbbrd +- cgbcon +- cgbequ +- cgbequb +- cgbrfs +- cgbsv +- cgbsvx +- cgbtf2 +- cgbtrf +- cgbtrs +- cgebak +- cgebal +- cgebd2 +- cgebrd +- cgecon +- cgeequ +- cgeequb +- cgees +- cgeesx +- cgeev +- cgeevx +- cgehd2 +- cgehrd +- cgelq2 +- cgelqf +- cgels +- cgelsd +- cgelss +- cgelsy +- cgemqrt +- cgeql2 +- cgeqlf +- cgeqp3 +- cgeqr2 +- cgeqr2p +- cgeqrf +- cgeqrfp +- cgeqrt +- cgeqrt2 +- cgeqrt3 +- cgerfs +- cgerq2 +- cgerqf +- cgesc2 +- cgesdd +- cgesv +- cgesvd +- cgesvx +- cgetc2 +- cgetf2 +- cgetrf +- cgetri +- cgetrs +- cggbak +- cggbal +- cgges +- cggesx +- cggev +- cggevx +- cggglm +- cgghrd +- cgglse +- cggqrf +- cggrqf +- cgtcon +- cgtrfs +- cgtsv +- cgtsvx +- cgttrf +- cgttrs +- cgtts2 +- chbev +- chbevd +- chbevx +- chbgst +- chbgv +- chbgvd +- chbgvx +- chbtrd +- checon +- cheequb +- cheev +- cheevd +- cheevr +- cheevx +- chegs2 +- chegst +- chegv +- chegvd +- chegvx +- cherfs +- chesv +- chesvx +- cheswapr +- chetd2 +- chetf2 +- chetrd +- chetrf +- chetri +- chetri2 +- chetri2x +- chetrs +- chetrs2 +- chfrk +- chgeqz +- chla_transtype +- chpcon +- chpev +- chpevd +- chpevx +- chpgst +- chpgv +- chpgvd +- chpgvx +- chprfs +- chpsv +- chpsvx +- chptrd +- chptrf +- chptri +- chptrs +- chsein +- chseqr +- clabrd +- clacgv +- clacn2 +- clacon +- clacp2 +- clacpy +- clacrm +- clacrt +- cladiv +- claed0 +- claed7 +- claed8 +- claein +- claesy +- claev2 +- clag2z +- clags2 +- clagtm +- clahef +- clahqr +- clahr2 +- claic1 +- clals0 +- clalsa +- clalsd +- clangb +- clange +- clangt +- clanhb +- clanhe +- clanhf +- clanhp +- clanhs +- clanht +- clansb +- clansp +- clansy +- clantb +- clantp +- clantr +- clapll +- clapmr +- clapmt +- claqgb +- claqge +- claqhb +- claqhe +- claqhp +- claqp2 +- claqps +- claqr0 +- claqr1 +- claqr2 +- claqr3 +- claqr4 +- claqr5 +- claqsb +- claqsp +- claqsy +- clar1v +- clar2v +- clarcm +- clarf +- clarfb +- clarfg +- clarfgp +- clarft +- clarfx +- clargv +- clarnv +- clarrv +- clartg +- clartv +- clarz +- clarzb +- clarzt +- clascl +- claset +- clasr +- classq +- claswp +- clasyf +- clatbs +- clatdf +- clatps +- clatrd +- clatrs +- clatrz +- clauu2 +- clauum +- cpbcon +- cpbequ +- cpbrfs +- cpbstf +- cpbsv +- cpbsvx +- cpbtf2 +- cpbtrf +- cpbtrs +- cpftrf +- cpftri +- cpftrs +- cpocon +- cpoequ +- cpoequb +- cporfs +- cposv +- cposvx +- cpotf2 +- cpotrf +- cpotri +- cpotrs +- cppcon +- cppequ +- cpprfs +- cppsv +- cppsvx +- cpptrf +- cpptri +- cpptrs +- cpstf2 +- cpstrf +- cptcon +- cpteqr +- cptrfs +- cptsv +- cptsvx +- cpttrf +- cpttrs +- cptts2 +- crot +- cspcon +- cspmv +- cspr +- csprfs +- cspsv +- cspsvx +- csptrf +- csptri +- csptrs +- csrscl +- cstedc +- cstegr +- cstein +- cstemr +- csteqr +- csycon +- csyconv +- csyequb +- csymv +- csyr +- csyrfs +- csysv +- csysvx +- csyswapr +- csytf2 +- csytrf +- csytri +- csytri2 +- csytri2x +- csytrs +- csytrs2 +- ctbcon +- ctbrfs +- ctbtrs +- ctfsm +- ctftri +- ctfttp +- ctfttr +- ctgevc +- ctgex2 +- ctgexc +- ctgsen +- ctgsja +- ctgsna +- ctgsy2 +- ctgsyl +- ctpcon +- ctpmqrt +- ctpqrt +- ctpqrt2 +- ctprfb +- ctprfs +- ctptri +- ctptrs +- ctpttf +- ctpttr +- ctrcon +- ctrevc +- ctrexc +- ctrrfs +- ctrsen +- ctrsna +- ctrsyl +- ctrti2 +- ctrtri +- ctrtrs +- ctrttf +- ctrttp +- ctzrzf +- cunbdb +- cuncsd +- cung2l +- cung2r +- cungbr +- cunghr +- cungl2 +- cunglq +- cungql +- cungqr +- cungr2 +- cungrq +- cungtr +- cunm2l +- cunm2r +- cunmbr +- cunmhr +- cunml2 +- cunmlq +- cunmql +- cunmqr +- cunmr2 +- cunmr3 +- cunmrq +- cunmrz +- cunmtr +- cupgtr +- cupmtr +- dbbcsd +- dbdsdc +- dbdsqr +- ddisna +- dgbbrd +- dgbcon +- dgbequ +- dgbequb +- dgbrfs +- dgbsv +- dgbsvx +- dgbtf2 +- dgbtrf +- dgbtrs +- dgebak +- dgebal +- dgebd2 +- dgebrd +- dgecon +- dgeequ +- dgeequb +- dgees +- dgeesx +- dgeev +- dgeevx +- dgehd2 +- dgehrd +- dgejsv +- dgelq2 +- dgelqf +- dgels +- dgelsd +- dgelss +- dgelsy +- dgemqrt +- dgeql2 +- dgeqlf +- dgeqp3 +- dgeqr2 +- dgeqr2p +- dgeqrf +- dgeqrfp +- dgeqrt +- dgeqrt2 +- dgeqrt3 +- dgerfs +- dgerq2 +- dgerqf +- dgesc2 +- dgesdd +- dgesv +- dgesvd +- dgesvj +- dgesvx +- dgetc2 +- dgetf2 +- dgetrf +- dgetri +- dgetrs +- dggbak +- dggbal +- dgges +- dggesx +- dggev +- dggevx +- dggglm +- dgghrd +- dgglse +- dggqrf +- dggrqf +- dgsvj0 +- dgsvj1 +- dgtcon +- dgtrfs +- dgtsv +- dgtsvx +- dgttrf +- dgttrs +- dgtts2 +- dhgeqz +- dhsein +- dhseqr +- disnan +- dlabad +- dlabrd +- dlacn2 +- dlacon +- dlacpy +- dladiv +- dlae2 +- dlaebz +- dlaed0 +- dlaed1 +- dlaed2 +- dlaed3 +- dlaed4 +- dlaed5 +- dlaed6 +- dlaed7 +- dlaed8 +- dlaed9 +- dlaeda +- dlaein +- dlaev2 +- dlaexc +- dlag2 +- dlag2s +- dlags2 +- dlagtf +- dlagtm +- dlagts +- dlagv2 +- dlahqr +- dlahr2 +- dlaic1 +- dlaln2 +- dlals0 +- dlalsa +- dlalsd +- dlamch +- dlamrg +- dlaneg +- dlangb +- dlange +- dlangt +- dlanhs +- dlansb +- dlansf +- dlansp +- dlanst +- dlansy +- dlantb +- dlantp +- dlantr +- dlanv2 +- dlapll +- dlapmr +- dlapmt +- dlapy2 +- dlapy3 +- dlaqgb +- dlaqge +- dlaqp2 +- dlaqps +- dlaqr0 +- dlaqr1 +- dlaqr2 +- dlaqr3 +- dlaqr4 +- dlaqr5 +- dlaqsb +- dlaqsp +- dlaqsy +- dlaqtr +- dlar1v +- dlar2v +- dlarf +- dlarfb +- dlarfg +- dlarfgp +- dlarft +- dlarfx +- dlargv +- dlarnv +- dlarra +- dlarrb +- dlarrc +- dlarrd +- dlarre +- dlarrf +- dlarrj +- dlarrk +- dlarrr +- dlarrv +- dlartg +- dlartgp +- dlartgs +- dlartv +- dlaruv +- dlarz +- dlarzb +- dlarzt +- dlas2 +- dlascl +- dlasd0 +- dlasd1 +- dlasd2 +- dlasd3 +- dlasd4 +- dlasd5 +- dlasd6 +- dlasd7 +- dlasd8 +- dlasda +- dlasdq +- dlasdt +- dlaset +- dlasq1 +- dlasq2 +- dlasq3 +- dlasq4 +- dlasq6 +- dlasr +- dlasrt +- dlassq +- dlasv2 +- dlaswp +- dlasy2 +- dlasyf +- dlat2s +- dlatbs +- dlatdf +- dlatps +- dlatrd +- dlatrs +- dlatrz +- dlauu2 +- dlauum +- dopgtr +- dopmtr +- dorbdb +- dorcsd +- dorg2l +- dorg2r +- dorgbr +- dorghr +- dorgl2 +- dorglq +- dorgql +- dorgqr +- dorgr2 +- dorgrq +- dorgtr +- dorm2l +- dorm2r +- dormbr +- dormhr +- dorml2 +- dormlq +- dormql +- dormqr +- dormr2 +- dormr3 +- dormrq +- dormrz +- dormtr +- dpbcon +- dpbequ +- dpbrfs +- dpbstf +- dpbsv +- dpbsvx +- dpbtf2 +- dpbtrf +- dpbtrs +- dpftrf +- dpftri +- dpftrs +- dpocon +- dpoequ +- dpoequb +- dporfs +- dposv +- dposvx +- dpotf2 +- dpotrf +- dpotri +- dpotrs +- dppcon +- dppequ +- dpprfs +- dppsv +- dppsvx +- dpptrf +- dpptri +- dpptrs +- dpstf2 +- dpstrf +- dptcon +- dpteqr +- dptrfs +- dptsv +- dptsvx +- dpttrf +- dpttrs +- dptts2 +- drscl +- dsbev +- dsbevd +- dsbevx +- dsbgst +- dsbgv +- dsbgvd +- dsbgvx +- dsbtrd +- dsfrk +- dsgesv +- dspcon +- dspev +- dspevd +- dspevx +- dspgst +- dspgv +- dspgvd +- dspgvx +- dsposv +- dsprfs +- dspsv +- dspsvx +- dsptrd +- dsptrf +- dsptri +- dsptrs +- dstebz +- dstedc +- dstegr +- dstein +- dstemr +- dsteqr +- dsterf +- dstev +- dstevd +- dstevr +- dstevx +- dsycon +- dsyconv +- dsyequb +- dsyev +- dsyevd +- dsyevr +- dsyevx +- dsygs2 +- dsygst +- dsygv +- dsygvd +- dsygvx +- dsyrfs +- dsysv +- dsysvx +- dsyswapr +- dsytd2 +- dsytf2 +- dsytrd +- dsytrf +- dsytri +- dsytri2 +- dsytri2x +- dsytrs +- dsytrs2 +- dtbcon +- dtbrfs +- dtbtrs +- dtfsm +- dtftri +- dtfttp +- dtfttr +- dtgevc +- dtgex2 +- dtgexc +- dtgsen +- dtgsja +- dtgsna +- dtgsy2 +- dtgsyl +- dtpcon +- dtpmqrt +- dtpqrt +- dtpqrt2 +- dtprfb +- dtprfs +- dtptri +- dtptrs +- dtpttf +- dtpttr +- dtrcon +- dtrevc +- dtrexc +- dtrrfs +- dtrsen +- dtrsna +- dtrsyl +- dtrti2 +- dtrtri +- dtrtrs +- dtrttf +- dtrttp +- dtzrzf +- dzsum1 +- icmax1 +- ieeeck +- ilaclc +- ilaclr +- iladiag +- iladlc +- iladlr +- ilaprec +- ilaslc +- ilaslr +- ilatrans +- ilauplo +- ilaver +- ilazlc +- ilazlr +- izmax1 +- sbbcsd +- sbdsdc +- sbdsqr +- scsum1 +- sdisna +- sgbbrd +- sgbcon +- sgbequ +- sgbequb +- sgbrfs +- sgbsv +- sgbsvx +- sgbtf2 +- sgbtrf +- sgbtrs +- sgebak +- sgebal +- sgebd2 +- sgebrd +- sgecon +- sgeequ +- sgeequb +- sgees +- sgeesx +- sgeev +- sgeevx +- sgehd2 +- sgehrd +- sgejsv +- sgelq2 +- sgelqf +- sgels +- sgelsd +- sgelss +- sgelsy +- sgemqrt +- sgeql2 +- sgeqlf +- sgeqp3 +- sgeqr2 +- sgeqr2p +- sgeqrf +- sgeqrfp +- sgeqrt +- sgeqrt2 +- sgeqrt3 +- sgerfs +- sgerq2 +- sgerqf +- sgesc2 +- sgesdd +- sgesv +- sgesvd +- sgesvj +- sgesvx +- sgetc2 +- sgetf2 +- sgetrf +- sgetri +- sgetrs +- sggbak +- sggbal +- sgges +- sggesx +- sggev +- sggevx +- sggglm +- sgghrd +- sgglse +- sggqrf +- sggrqf +- sgsvj0 +- sgsvj1 +- sgtcon +- sgtrfs +- sgtsv +- sgtsvx +- sgttrf +- sgttrs +- sgtts2 +- shgeqz +- shsein +- shseqr +- slabad +- slabrd +- slacn2 +- slacon +- slacpy +- sladiv +- slae2 +- slaebz +- slaed0 +- slaed1 +- slaed2 +- slaed3 +- slaed4 +- slaed5 +- slaed6 +- slaed7 +- slaed8 +- slaed9 +- slaeda +- slaein +- slaev2 +- slaexc +- slag2 +- slag2d +- slags2 +- slagtf +- slagtm +- slagts +- slagv2 +- slahqr +- slahr2 +- slaic1 +- slaln2 +- slals0 +- slalsa +- slalsd +- slamch +- slamrg +- slangb +- slange +- slangt +- slanhs +- slansb +- slansf +- slansp +- slanst +- slansy +- slantb +- slantp +- slantr +- slanv2 +- slapll +- slapmr +- slapmt +- slapy2 +- slapy3 +- slaqgb +- slaqge +- slaqp2 +- slaqps +- slaqr0 +- slaqr1 +- slaqr2 +- slaqr3 +- slaqr4 +- slaqr5 +- slaqsb +- slaqsp +- slaqsy +- slaqtr +- slar1v +- slar2v +- slarf +- slarfb +- slarfg +- slarfgp +- slarft +- slarfx +- slargv +- slarnv +- slarra +- slarrb +- slarrc +- slarrd +- slarre +- slarrf +- slarrj +- slarrk +- slarrr +- slarrv +- slartg +- slartgp +- slartgs +- slartv +- slaruv +- slarz +- slarzb +- slarzt +- slas2 +- slascl +- slasd0 +- slasd1 +- slasd2 +- slasd3 +- slasd4 +- slasd5 +- slasd6 +- slasd7 +- slasd8 +- slasda +- slasdq +- slasdt +- slaset +- slasq1 +- slasq2 +- slasq3 +- slasq4 +- slasq6 +- slasr +- slasrt +- slassq +- slasv2 +- slaswp +- slasy2 +- slasyf +- slatbs +- slatdf +- slatps +- slatrd +- slatrs +- slatrz +- slauu2 +- slauum +- sopgtr +- sopmtr +- sorbdb +- sorcsd +- sorg2l +- sorg2r +- sorgbr +- sorghr +- sorgl2 +- sorglq +- sorgql +- sorgqr +- sorgr2 +- sorgrq +- sorgtr +- sorm2l +- sorm2r +- sormbr +- sormhr +- sorml2 +- sormlq +- sormql +- sormqr +- sormr2 +- sormr3 +- sormrq +- sormrz +- sormtr +- spbcon +- spbequ +- spbrfs +- spbstf +- spbsv +- spbsvx +- spbtf2 +- spbtrf +- spbtrs +- spftrf +- spftri +- spftrs +- spocon +- spoequ +- spoequb +- sporfs +- sposv +- sposvx +- spotf2 +- spotrf +- spotri +- spotrs +- sppcon +- sppequ +- spprfs +- sppsv +- sppsvx +- spptrf +- spptri +- spptrs +- spstf2 +- spstrf +- sptcon +- spteqr +- sptrfs +- sptsv +- sptsvx +- spttrf +- spttrs +- sptts2 +- srscl +- ssbev +- ssbevd +- ssbevx +- ssbgst +- ssbgv +- ssbgvd +- ssbgvx +- ssbtrd +- ssfrk +- sspcon +- sspev +- sspevd +- sspevx +- sspgst +- sspgv +- sspgvd +- sspgvx +- ssprfs +- sspsv +- sspsvx +- ssptrd +- ssptrf +- ssptri +- ssptrs +- sstebz +- sstedc +- sstegr +- sstein +- sstemr +- ssteqr +- ssterf +- sstev +- sstevd +- sstevr +- sstevx +- ssycon +- ssyconv +- ssyequb +- ssyev +- ssyevd +- ssyevr +- ssyevx +- ssygs2 +- ssygst +- ssygv +- ssygvd +- ssygvx +- ssyrfs +- ssysv +- ssysvx +- ssyswapr +- ssytd2 +- ssytf2 +- ssytrd +- ssytrf +- ssytri +- ssytri2 +- ssytri2x +- ssytrs +- ssytrs2 +- stbcon +- stbrfs +- stbtrs +- stfsm +- stftri +- stfttp +- stfttr +- stgevc +- stgex2 +- stgexc +- stgsen +- stgsja +- stgsna +- stgsy2 +- stgsyl +- stpcon +- stpmqrt +- stpqrt +- stpqrt2 +- stprfb +- stprfs +- stptri +- stptrs +- stpttf +- stpttr +- strcon +- strevc +- strexc +- strrfs +- strsen +- strsna +- strsyl +- strti2 +- strtri +- strtrs +- strttf +- strttp +- stzrzf +- xerbla_array +- zbbcsd +- zbdsqr +- zcgesv +- zcposv +- zdrscl +- zgbbrd +- zgbcon +- zgbequ +- zgbequb +- zgbrfs +- zgbsv +- zgbsvx +- zgbtf2 +- zgbtrf +- zgbtrs +- zgebak +- zgebal +- zgebd2 +- zgebrd +- zgecon +- zgeequ +- zgeequb +- zgees +- zgeesx +- zgeev +- zgeevx +- zgehd2 +- zgehrd +- zgelq2 +- zgelqf +- zgels +- zgelsd +- zgelss +- zgelsy +- zgemqrt +- zgeql2 +- zgeqlf +- zgeqp3 +- zgeqr2 +- zgeqr2p +- zgeqrf +- zgeqrfp +- zgeqrt +- zgeqrt2 +- zgeqrt3 +- zgerfs +- zgerq2 +- zgerqf +- zgesc2 +- zgesdd +- zgesv +- zgesvd +- zgesvx +- zgetc2 +- zgetf2 +- zgetrf +- zgetri +- zgetrs +- zggbak +- zggbal +- zgges +- zggesx +- zggev +- zggevx +- zggglm +- zgghrd +- zgglse +- zggqrf +- zggrqf +- zgtcon +- zgtrfs +- zgtsv +- zgtsvx +- zgttrf +- zgttrs +- zgtts2 +- zhbev +- zhbevd +- zhbevx +- zhbgst +- zhbgv +- zhbgvd +- zhbgvx +- zhbtrd +- zhecon +- zheequb +- zheev +- zheevd +- zheevr +- zheevx +- zhegs2 +- zhegst +- zhegv +- zhegvd +- zhegvx +- zherfs +- zhesv +- zhesvx +- zheswapr +- zhetd2 +- zhetf2 +- zhetrd +- zhetrf +- zhetri +- zhetri2 +- zhetri2x +- zhetrs +- zhetrs2 +- zhfrk +- zhgeqz +- zhpcon +- zhpev +- zhpevd +- zhpevx +- zhpgst +- zhpgv +- zhpgvd +- zhpgvx +- zhprfs +- zhpsv +- zhpsvx +- zhptrd +- zhptrf +- zhptri +- zhptrs +- zhsein +- zhseqr +- zlabrd +- zlacgv +- zlacn2 +- zlacon +- zlacp2 +- zlacpy +- zlacrm +- zlacrt +- zladiv +- zlaed0 +- zlaed7 +- zlaed8 +- zlaein +- zlaesy +- zlaev2 +- zlag2c +- zlags2 +- zlagtm +- zlahef +- zlahqr +- zlahr2 +- zlaic1 +- zlals0 +- zlalsa +- zlalsd +- zlangb +- zlange +- zlangt +- zlanhb +- zlanhe +- zlanhf +- zlanhp +- zlanhs +- zlanht +- zlansb +- zlansp +- zlansy +- zlantb +- zlantp +- zlantr +- zlapll +- zlapmr +- zlapmt +- zlaqgb +- zlaqge +- zlaqhb +- zlaqhe +- zlaqhp +- zlaqp2 +- zlaqps +- zlaqr0 +- zlaqr1 +- zlaqr2 +- zlaqr3 +- zlaqr4 +- zlaqr5 +- zlaqsb +- zlaqsp +- zlaqsy +- zlar1v +- zlar2v +- zlarcm +- zlarf +- zlarfb +- zlarfg +- zlarfgp +- zlarft +- zlarfx +- zlargv +- zlarnv +- zlarrv +- zlartg +- zlartv +- zlarz +- zlarzb +- zlarzt +- zlascl +- zlaset +- zlasr +- zlassq +- zlaswp +- zlasyf +- zlat2c +- zlatbs +- zlatdf +- zlatps +- zlatrd +- zlatrs +- zlatrz +- zlauu2 +- zlauum +- zpbcon +- zpbequ +- zpbrfs +- zpbstf +- zpbsv +- zpbsvx +- zpbtf2 +- zpbtrf +- zpbtrs +- zpftrf +- zpftri +- zpftrs +- zpocon +- zpoequ +- zpoequb +- zporfs +- zposv +- zposvx +- zpotf2 +- zpotrf +- zpotri +- zpotrs +- zppcon +- zppequ +- zpprfs +- zppsv +- zppsvx +- zpptrf +- zpptri +- zpptrs +- zpstf2 +- zpstrf +- zptcon +- zpteqr +- zptrfs +- zptsv +- zptsvx +- zpttrf +- zpttrs +- zptts2 +- zrot +- zspcon +- zspmv +- zspr +- zsprfs +- zspsv +- zspsvx +- zsptrf +- zsptri +- zsptrs +- zstedc +- zstegr +- zstein +- zstemr +- zsteqr +- zsycon +- zsyconv +- zsyequb +- zsymv +- zsyr +- zsyrfs +- zsysv +- zsysvx +- zsyswapr +- zsytf2 +- zsytrf +- zsytri +- zsytri2 +- zsytri2x +- zsytrs +- zsytrs2 +- ztbcon +- ztbrfs +- ztbtrs +- ztfsm +- ztftri +- ztfttp +- ztfttr +- ztgevc +- ztgex2 +- ztgexc +- ztgsen +- ztgsja +- ztgsna +- ztgsy2 +- ztgsyl +- ztpcon +- ztpmqrt +- ztpqrt +- ztpqrt2 +- ztprfb +- ztprfs +- ztptri +- ztptrs +- ztpttf +- ztpttr +- ztrcon +- ztrevc +- ztrexc +- ztrrfs +- ztrsen +- ztrsna +- ztrsyl +- ztrti2 +- ztrtri +- ztrtrs +- ztrttf +- ztrttp +- ztzrzf +- zunbdb +- zuncsd +- zung2l +- zung2r +- zungbr +- zunghr +- zungl2 +- zunglq +- zungql +- zungqr +- zungr2 +- zungrq +- zungtr +- zunm2l +- zunm2r +- zunmbr +- zunmhr +- zunml2 +- zunmlq +- zunmql +- zunmqr +- zunmr2 +- zunmr3 +- zunmrq +- zunmrz +- zunmtr +- zupgtr +- zupmtr + + +""" + +# Within SciPy, these wrappers can be used via relative or absolute cimport. +# Examples: +# from ..linalg cimport cython_lapack +# from scipy.linalg cimport cython_lapack +# cimport scipy.linalg.cython_lapack as cython_lapack +# cimport ..linalg.cython_lapack as cython_lapack + +# Within SciPy, if LAPACK functions are needed in C/C++/Fortran, +# these wrappers should not be used. +# The original libraries should be linked directly. + +cdef extern from "fortran_defs.h": + pass + +from numpy cimport npy_complex64, npy_complex128 + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + # Function pointer type declarations for + # gees and gges families of functions. + ctypedef bint _cselect1(npy_complex64*) + ctypedef bint _cselect2(npy_complex64*, npy_complex64*) + ctypedef bint _dselect2(d*, d*) + ctypedef bint _dselect3(d*, d*, d*) + ctypedef bint _sselect2(s*, s*) + ctypedef bint _sselect3(s*, s*, s*) + ctypedef bint _zselect1(npy_complex128*) + ctypedef bint _zselect2(npy_complex128*, npy_complex128*) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cbbcsd "BLAS_FUNC(cbbcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, npy_complex64 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex64 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex64 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex64 *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, c *u1, int *ldu1, c *u2, int *ldu2, c *v1t, int *ldv1t, c *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cbbcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, m, p, q, theta, phi, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, b11d, b11e, b12d, b12e, b21d, b21e, b22d, b22e, rwork, lrwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cbdsqr "BLAS_FUNC(cbdsqr)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *u, int *ldu, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cbdsqr(uplo, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbbrd "BLAS_FUNC(cgbbrd)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *pt, int *ldpt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *pt, int *ldpt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbbrd(vect, m, n, ncc, kl, ku, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, pt, ldpt, c, ldc, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbcon "BLAS_FUNC(cgbcon)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbcon(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbequ "BLAS_FUNC(cgbequ)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbequ(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbequb "BLAS_FUNC(cgbequb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbequb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(cgbrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbrfs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbsv "BLAS_FUNC(cgbsv)"(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbsv(n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cgbsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbsvx(fact, trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgbtf2)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbtf2(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(cgbtrf)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbtrf(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(cgbtrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgbtrs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgebak "BLAS_FUNC(cgebak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, c *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgebak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, scale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgebal "BLAS_FUNC(cgebal)"(char *job, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgebal(char *job, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgebal(job, n, a, lda, ilo, ihi, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgebd2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgebd2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgebd2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgebd2(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgebrd "BLAS_FUNC(cgebrd)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgebrd(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgebrd(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgecon "BLAS_FUNC(cgecon)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgecon(char *norm, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgecon(norm, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeequ "BLAS_FUNC(cgeequ)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeequ(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeequ(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeequb "BLAS_FUNC(cgeequb)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeequb(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeequb(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgees "BLAS_FUNC(cgees)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _cselect1 *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vs, int *ldvs, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, cselect1 *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *sdim, c *w, c *vs, int *ldvs, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgees(jobvs, sort, <_cselect1*>select, n, a, lda, sdim, w, vs, ldvs, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeesx "BLAS_FUNC(cgeesx)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _cselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, cselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *sdim, c *w, c *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeesx(jobvs, sort, <_cselect1*>select, sense, n, a, lda, sdim, w, vs, ldvs, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeev "BLAS_FUNC(cgeev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeevx "BLAS_FUNC(cgeevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, scale, abnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgehd2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgehd2)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgehd2(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgehrd "BLAS_FUNC(cgehrd)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgehrd(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgelq2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgelq2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgelq2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgelq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgelqf "BLAS_FUNC(cgelqf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgelqf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgelqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgels "BLAS_FUNC(cgels)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgels(trans, m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgelsd "BLAS_FUNC(cgelsd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgelsd(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgelss "BLAS_FUNC(cgelss)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgelss(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgelsy "BLAS_FUNC(cgelsy)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgelsy(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, jpvt, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgemqrt "BLAS_FUNC(cgemqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgemqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeql2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgeql2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeql2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeql2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqlf "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqlf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqlf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqlf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqp3 "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqp3)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqp3(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqp3(m, n, a, lda, jpvt, tau, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqr2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqr2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqr2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqr2p "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqr2p)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqr2p(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqrf "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqrf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqrf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqrfp "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrfp)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqrfp(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqrt "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqrt(m, n, nb, a, lda, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqrt2(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgeqrt3 "BLAS_FUNC(cgeqrt3)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgeqrt3(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgerfs "BLAS_FUNC(cgerfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgerfs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgerq2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgerq2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgerq2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgerq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgerqf "BLAS_FUNC(cgerqf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgerqf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgerqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgesc2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgesc2)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) nogil +cdef void cgesc2(int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgesc2(n, a, lda, rhs, ipiv, jpiv, scale) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgesdd "BLAS_FUNC(cgesdd)"(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, c *u, int *ldu, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgesdd(jobz, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgesv "BLAS_FUNC(cgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgesvd "BLAS_FUNC(cgesvd)"(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, c *u, int *ldu, c *vt, int *ldvt, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgesvd(jobu, jobvt, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgesvx "BLAS_FUNC(cgesvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgesvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgetc2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgetc2)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgetc2(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgetc2(n, a, lda, ipiv, jpiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgetf2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgetf2(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgetf2(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgetrf "BLAS_FUNC(cgetrf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgetrf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgetrf(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgetri "BLAS_FUNC(cgetri)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgetri(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgetri(n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgetrs "BLAS_FUNC(cgetrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgetrs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggbak "BLAS_FUNC(cggbak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, c *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggbak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggbal "BLAS_FUNC(cggbal)"(char *job, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggbal(char *job, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggbal(job, n, a, lda, b, ldb, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgges "BLAS_FUNC(cgges)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _cselect2 *selctg, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex64 *vsr, int *ldvsr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, cselect2 *selctg, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vsl, int *ldvsl, c *vsr, int *ldvsr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgges(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_cselect2*>selctg, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alpha, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggesx "BLAS_FUNC(cggesx)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _cselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex64 *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, cselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vsl, int *ldvsl, c *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggesx(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_cselect2*>selctg, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alpha, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggev "BLAS_FUNC(cggev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggevx "BLAS_FUNC(cggevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, abnrm, bbnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggglm "BLAS_FUNC(cggglm)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *d, c *x, c *y, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggglm(n, m, p, a, lda, b, ldb, d, x, y, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgghrd "BLAS_FUNC(cgghrd)"(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgghrd(compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgglse "BLAS_FUNC(cgglse)"(int *m, int *n, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, c *d, c *x, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgglse(m, n, p, a, lda, b, ldb, c, d, x, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggqrf "BLAS_FUNC(cggqrf)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *taua, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *taub, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, c *a, int *lda, c *taua, c *b, int *ldb, c *taub, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggqrf(n, m, p, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cggrqf "BLAS_FUNC(cggrqf)"(int *m, int *p, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *taua, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *taub, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *taua, c *b, int *ldb, c *taub, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cggrqf(m, p, n, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgtcon "BLAS_FUNC(cgtcon)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgtcon(char *norm, int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgtcon(norm, n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgtrfs "BLAS_FUNC(cgtrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *dlf, npy_complex64 *df, npy_complex64 *duf, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *dlf, c *df, c *duf, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgtrfs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgtsv "BLAS_FUNC(cgtsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgtsv(n, nrhs, dl, d, du, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgtsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cgtsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *dlf, npy_complex64 *df, npy_complex64 *duf, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *dlf, c *df, c *duf, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgtsvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgttrf "BLAS_FUNC(cgttrf)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgttrf(int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgttrf(n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgttrs "BLAS_FUNC(cgttrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgttrs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cgtts2 "BLAS_FUNC(cgtts2)"(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void cgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *du2, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cgtts2(itrans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbev "BLAS_FUNC(chbev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbev(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbevd "BLAS_FUNC(chbevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbevd(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbevx "BLAS_FUNC(chbevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, c *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbgst "BLAS_FUNC(chbgst)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, c *x, int *ldx, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbgst(vect, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, x, ldx, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbgv "BLAS_FUNC(chbgv)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbgv(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbgvd "BLAS_FUNC(chbgvd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbgvd(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbgvx "BLAS_FUNC(chbgvx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, c *ab, int *ldab, c *bb, int *ldbb, c *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbgvx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chbtrd "BLAS_FUNC(chbtrd)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void chbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chbtrd(vect, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_checon "BLAS_FUNC(checon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void checon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_checon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheequb "BLAS_FUNC(cheequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cheequb(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheev "BLAS_FUNC(cheev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cheev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheev(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheevd "BLAS_FUNC(cheevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cheevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheevd(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheevr "BLAS_FUNC(cheevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cheevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheevr(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheevx "BLAS_FUNC(cheevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void cheevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chegs2 "BLAS_FUNC(chegs2)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chegs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chegs2(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chegst "BLAS_FUNC(chegst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chegst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chegst(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chegv "BLAS_FUNC(chegv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chegv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chegv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chegvd "BLAS_FUNC(chegvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *w, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chegvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *w, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chegvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chegvx "BLAS_FUNC(chegvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void chegvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chegvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cherfs "BLAS_FUNC(cherfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cherfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cherfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chesv "BLAS_FUNC(chesv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chesv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chesv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chesvx "BLAS_FUNC(chesvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chesvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chesvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cheswapr "BLAS_FUNC(cheswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void cheswapr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cheswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetd2 "BLAS_FUNC(chetd2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetd2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetd2(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(chetf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetrd "BLAS_FUNC(chetrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetrd(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetrd(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetrf "BLAS_FUNC(chetrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetri "BLAS_FUNC(chetri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetri2 "BLAS_FUNC(chetri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetri2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetri2x "BLAS_FUNC(chetri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetri2x(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetrs "BLAS_FUNC(chetrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chetrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(chetrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void chetrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chetrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chfrk "BLAS_FUNC(chfrk)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *beta, npy_complex64 *c) nogil +cdef void chfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, c *a, int *lda, s *beta, c *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chfrk(transr, uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chgeqz "BLAS_FUNC(chgeqz)"(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *t, int *ldt, c *alpha, c *beta, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chgeqz(job, compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, t, ldt, alpha, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + char _fortran_chla_transtype "BLAS_FUNC(chla_transtype)"(int *trans) nogil +cdef char chla_transtype(int *trans) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_chla_transtype(trans) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpcon "BLAS_FUNC(chpcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpev "BLAS_FUNC(chpev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpev(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpevd "BLAS_FUNC(chpevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpevd(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpevx "BLAS_FUNC(chpevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpgst "BLAS_FUNC(chpgst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpgst(itype, uplo, n, ap, bp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpgv "BLAS_FUNC(chpgv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpgv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpgvd "BLAS_FUNC(chpgvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpgvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpgvx "BLAS_FUNC(chpgvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpgvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, bp, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chprfs "BLAS_FUNC(chprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpsv "BLAS_FUNC(chpsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chpsvx "BLAS_FUNC(chpsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chpsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chpsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chptrd "BLAS_FUNC(chptrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void chptrd(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *d, s *e, c *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chptrd(uplo, n, ap, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chptrf "BLAS_FUNC(chptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void chptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chptri "BLAS_FUNC(chptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void chptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chptrs "BLAS_FUNC(chptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void chptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chsein "BLAS_FUNC(chsein)"(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) nogil +cdef void chsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chsein(side, eigsrc, initv, select, n, h, ldh, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, ifaill, ifailr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_chseqr "BLAS_FUNC(chseqr)"(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void chseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_chseqr(job, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clabrd "BLAS_FUNC(clabrd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *tauq, npy_complex64 *taup, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex64 *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void clabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, c *tauq, c *taup, c *x, int *ldx, c *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clabrd(m, n, nb, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, x, ldx, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacgv "BLAS_FUNC(clacgv)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void clacgv(int *n, c *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacgv(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacn2 "BLAS_FUNC(clacn2)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *x, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) nogil +cdef void clacn2(int *n, c *v, c *x, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacn2(n, v, x, est, kase, isave) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacon "BLAS_FUNC(clacon)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *x, s *est, int *kase) nogil +cdef void clacon(int *n, c *v, c *x, s *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacon(n, v, x, est, kase) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacp2 "BLAS_FUNC(clacp2)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void clacp2(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacp2(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacpy "BLAS_FUNC(clacpy)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void clacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacpy(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacrm "BLAS_FUNC(clacrm)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) nogil +cdef void clacrm(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacrm(m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, rwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clacrt "BLAS_FUNC(clacrt)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *s) nogil +cdef void clacrt(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, c *c, c *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clacrt(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cladiv "F_FUNC(cladivwrp,CLADIVWRP)"(npy_complex64 *out, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y) nogil +cdef c cladiv(c *x, c *y) noexcept nogil: + cdef c out + _fortran_cladiv(&out, x, y) + return out + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claed0 "BLAS_FUNC(claed0)"(int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *qstore, int *ldqs, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void claed0(int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *q, int *ldq, c *qstore, int *ldqs, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claed0(qsiz, n, d, e, q, ldq, qstore, ldqs, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claed7 "BLAS_FUNC(claed7)"(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, s *rho, int *indxq, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void claed7(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, c *q, int *ldq, s *rho, int *indxq, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claed7(n, cutpnt, qsiz, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, d, q, ldq, rho, indxq, qstore, qptr, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, work, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claed8 "BLAS_FUNC(claed8)"(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, s *d, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, npy_complex64 *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *info) nogil +cdef void claed8(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, c *q, int *ldq, s *d, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, c *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claed8(k, n, qsiz, q, ldq, d, rho, cutpnt, z, dlamda, q2, ldq2, w, indxp, indx, indxq, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claein "BLAS_FUNC(claein)"(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *rwork, s *eps3, s *smlnum, int *info) nogil +cdef void claein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, c *v, c *b, int *ldb, s *rwork, s *eps3, s *smlnum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claein(rightv, noinit, n, h, ldh, w, v, b, ldb, rwork, eps3, smlnum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claesy "BLAS_FUNC(claesy)"(npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, npy_complex64 *c, npy_complex64 *rt1, npy_complex64 *rt2, npy_complex64 *evscal, npy_complex64 *cs1, npy_complex64 *sn1) nogil +cdef void claesy(c *a, c *b, c *c, c *rt1, c *rt2, c *evscal, c *cs1, c *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claesy(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, evscal, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claev2 "BLAS_FUNC(claev2)"(npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, npy_complex64 *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, npy_complex64 *sn1) nogil +cdef void claev2(c *a, c *b, c *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, c *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claev2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clag2z "BLAS_FUNC(clag2z)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void clag2z(int *m, int *n, c *sa, int *ldsa, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clag2z(m, n, sa, ldsa, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clags2 "BLAS_FUNC(clags2)"(bint *upper, s *a1, npy_complex64 *a2, s *a3, s *b1, npy_complex64 *b2, s *b3, s *csu, npy_complex64 *snu, s *csv, npy_complex64 *snv, s *csq, npy_complex64 *snq) nogil +cdef void clags2(bint *upper, s *a1, c *a2, s *a3, s *b1, c *b2, s *b3, s *csu, c *snu, s *csv, c *snv, s *csq, c *snq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clags2(upper, a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, b3, csu, snu, csv, snv, csq, snq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clagtm "BLAS_FUNC(clagtm)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *beta, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void clagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, c *dl, c *d, c *du, c *x, int *ldx, s *beta, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clagtm(trans, n, nrhs, alpha, dl, d, du, x, ldx, beta, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clahef "BLAS_FUNC(clahef)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void clahef(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clahef(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clahqr "BLAS_FUNC(clahqr)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void clahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clahqr(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clahr2 "BLAS_FUNC(clahr2)"(int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void clahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt, c *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clahr2(n, k, nb, a, lda, tau, t, ldt, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claic1 "BLAS_FUNC(claic1)"(int *job, int *j, npy_complex64 *x, s *sest, npy_complex64 *w, npy_complex64 *gamma, s *sestpr, npy_complex64 *s, npy_complex64 *c) nogil +cdef void claic1(int *job, int *j, c *x, s *sest, c *w, c *gamma, s *sestpr, c *s, c *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claic1(job, j, x, sest, w, gamma, sestpr, s, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clals0 "BLAS_FUNC(clals0)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void clals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, c *b, int *ldb, c *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clals0(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clalsa "BLAS_FUNC(clalsa)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void clalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, c *b, int *ldb, c *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clalsa(icompq, smlsiz, n, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clalsd "BLAS_FUNC(clalsd)"(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void clalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, c *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, c *work, s *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clalsd(uplo, smlsiz, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, rcond, rank, work, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clangb "BLAS_FUNC(clangb)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s clangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clangb(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clange "BLAS_FUNC(clange)"(char *norm, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s clange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clange(norm, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clangt "BLAS_FUNC(clangt)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *dl, npy_complex64 *d, npy_complex64 *du) nogil +cdef s clangt(char *norm, int *n, c *dl, c *d, c *du) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clangt(norm, n, dl, d, du) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanhb "BLAS_FUNC(clanhb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s clanhb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanhb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanhe "BLAS_FUNC(clanhe)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s clanhe(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanhe(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanhf "BLAS_FUNC(clanhf)"(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, s *work) nogil +cdef s clanhf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanhf(norm, transr, uplo, n, a, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanhp "BLAS_FUNC(clanhp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *work) nogil +cdef s clanhp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanhp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanhs "BLAS_FUNC(clanhs)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s clanhs(char *norm, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanhs(norm, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clanht "BLAS_FUNC(clanht)"(char *norm, int *n, s *d, npy_complex64 *e) nogil +cdef s clanht(char *norm, int *n, s *d, c *e) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clanht(norm, n, d, e) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clansb "BLAS_FUNC(clansb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s clansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clansb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clansp "BLAS_FUNC(clansp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *work) nogil +cdef s clansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clansp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clansy "BLAS_FUNC(clansy)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s clansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clansy(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clantb "BLAS_FUNC(clantb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s clantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, c *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clantb(norm, uplo, diag, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clantp "BLAS_FUNC(clantp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *work) nogil +cdef s clantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clantp(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_clantr "BLAS_FUNC(clantr)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s clantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_clantr(norm, uplo, diag, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clapll "BLAS_FUNC(clapll)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) nogil +cdef void clapll(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clapll(n, x, incx, y, incy, ssmin) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clapmr "BLAS_FUNC(clapmr)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void clapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, c *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clapmr(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clapmt "BLAS_FUNC(clapmt)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void clapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, c *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clapmt(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqgb "BLAS_FUNC(claqgb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, c *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqgb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqge "BLAS_FUNC(claqge)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqge(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqge(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqhb "BLAS_FUNC(claqhb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqhb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqhb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqhe "BLAS_FUNC(claqhe)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqhe(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqhe(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqhp "BLAS_FUNC(claqhp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqhp(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqhp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqp2 "BLAS_FUNC(claqp2)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, npy_complex64 *work) nogil +cdef void claqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, c *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqp2(m, n, offset, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqps "BLAS_FUNC(claqps)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex64 *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, npy_complex64 *auxv, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf) nogil +cdef void claqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, c *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, c *auxv, c *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqps(m, n, offset, nb, kb, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, auxv, f, ldf) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr0 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr0)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void claqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr0(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr1 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr1)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *s1, npy_complex64 *s2, npy_complex64 *v) nogil +cdef void claqr1(int *n, c *h, int *ldh, c *s1, c *s2, c *v) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr1(n, h, ldh, s1, s2, v) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr2)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex64 *sh, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void claqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, c *sh, c *v, int *ldv, int *nh, c *t, int *ldt, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, c *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr2(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sh, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr3 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr3)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex64 *sh, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void claqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, c *sh, c *v, int *ldv, int *nh, c *t, int *ldt, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, c *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr3(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sh, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr4 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr4)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex64 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void claqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *h, int *ldh, c *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr4(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqr5 "BLAS_FUNC(claqr5)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, npy_complex64 *s, npy_complex64 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, int *nv, npy_complex64 *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, npy_complex64 *wh, int *ldwh) nogil +cdef void claqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, c *s, c *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, c *z, int *ldz, c *v, int *ldv, c *u, int *ldu, int *nv, c *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, c *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqr5(wantt, wantz, kacc22, n, ktop, kbot, nshfts, s, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, v, ldv, u, ldu, nv, wv, ldwv, nh, wh, ldwh) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqsb "BLAS_FUNC(claqsb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqsb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqsp "BLAS_FUNC(claqsp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqsp(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqsp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claqsy "BLAS_FUNC(claqsy)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void claqsy(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claqsy(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clar1v "BLAS_FUNC(clar1v)"(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, npy_complex64 *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) nogil +cdef void clar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, c *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clar1v(n, b1, bn, lambda_, d, l, ld, lld, pivmin, gaptol, z, wantnc, negcnt, ztz, mingma, r, isuppz, nrminv, resid, rqcorr, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clar2v "BLAS_FUNC(clar2v)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, npy_complex64 *y, npy_complex64 *z, int *incx, s *c, npy_complex64 *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void clar2v(int *n, c *x, c *y, c *z, int *incx, s *c, c *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clar2v(n, x, y, z, incx, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarcm "BLAS_FUNC(clarcm)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) nogil +cdef void clarcm(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *rwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarcm(m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, rwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarf "BLAS_FUNC(clarf)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *v, int *incv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work) nogil +cdef void clarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, c *v, int *incv, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarf(side, m, n, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarfb "BLAS_FUNC(clarfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void clarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarfg "BLAS_FUNC(clarfg)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *tau) nogil +cdef void clarfg(int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarfg(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarfgp "BLAS_FUNC(clarfgp)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *tau) nogil +cdef void clarfgp(int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarfgp(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarft "BLAS_FUNC(clarft)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void clarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarft(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarfx "BLAS_FUNC(clarfx)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *v, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work) nogil +cdef void clarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, c *v, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarfx(side, m, n, v, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clargv "BLAS_FUNC(clargv)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) nogil +cdef void clargv(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clargv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarnv "BLAS_FUNC(clarnv)"(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, npy_complex64 *x) nogil +cdef void clarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, c *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarnv(idist, iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarrv "BLAS_FUNC(clarrv)"(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void clarrv(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarrv(n, vl, vu, d, l, pivmin, isplit, m, dol, dou, minrgp, rtol1, rtol2, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, z, ldz, isuppz, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clartg "BLAS_FUNC(clartg)"(npy_complex64 *f, npy_complex64 *g, s *cs, npy_complex64 *sn, npy_complex64 *r) nogil +cdef void clartg(c *f, c *g, s *cs, c *sn, c *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clartg(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clartv "BLAS_FUNC(clartv)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy, s *c, npy_complex64 *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void clartv(int *n, c *x, int *incx, c *y, int *incy, s *c, c *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clartv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarz "BLAS_FUNC(clarz)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *incv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work) nogil +cdef void clarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, c *v, int *incv, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarz(side, m, n, l, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarzb "BLAS_FUNC(clarzb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void clarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarzb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clarzt "BLAS_FUNC(clarzt)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void clarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, c *v, int *ldv, c *tau, c *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clarzt(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clascl "BLAS_FUNC(clascl)"(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void clascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clascl(type_bn, kl, ku, cfrom, cto, m, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claset "BLAS_FUNC(claset)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void claset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *beta, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claset(uplo, m, n, alpha, beta, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clasr "BLAS_FUNC(clasr)"(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void clasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clasr(side, pivot, direct, m, n, c, s, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_classq "BLAS_FUNC(classq)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) nogil +cdef void classq(int *n, c *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_classq(n, x, incx, scale, sumsq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_claswp "BLAS_FUNC(claswp)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) nogil +cdef void claswp(int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_claswp(n, a, lda, k1, k2, ipiv, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clasyf "BLAS_FUNC(clasyf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void clasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clasyf(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatbs "BLAS_FUNC(clatbs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void clatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatbs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, kd, ab, ldab, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatdf "BLAS_FUNC(clatdf)"(int *ijob, int *n, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) nogil +cdef void clatdf(int *ijob, int *n, c *z, int *ldz, c *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatdf(ijob, n, z, ldz, rhs, rdsum, rdscal, ipiv, jpiv) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatps "BLAS_FUNC(clatps)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void clatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, c *ap, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatps(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, ap, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatrd "BLAS_FUNC(clatrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *e, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *w, int *ldw) nogil +cdef void clatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, s *e, c *tau, c *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatrd(uplo, n, nb, a, lda, e, tau, w, ldw) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatrs "BLAS_FUNC(clatrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void clatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatrs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, a, lda, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clatrz "BLAS_FUNC(clatrz)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work) nogil +cdef void clatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clatrz(m, n, l, a, lda, tau, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clauu2 "BLAS_FUNC(clauu2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void clauu2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clauu2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_clauum "BLAS_FUNC(clauum)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void clauum(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_clauum(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbcon "BLAS_FUNC(cpbcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbcon(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbequ "BLAS_FUNC(cpbequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbequ(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(cpbrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbrfs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbstf "BLAS_FUNC(cpbstf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbstf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbsv "BLAS_FUNC(cpbsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbsv(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cpbsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbsvx(fact, uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(cpbtf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbtf2(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpbtrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbtrf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(cpbtrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpbtrs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpftrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpftrf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpftrf(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpftri "BLAS_FUNC(cpftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpftri(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpftrs "BLAS_FUNC(cpftrs)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpftrs(transr, uplo, n, nrhs, a, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpocon "BLAS_FUNC(cpocon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpocon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpocon(uplo, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpoequ "BLAS_FUNC(cpoequ)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpoequ(int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpoequ(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpoequb "BLAS_FUNC(cpoequb)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpoequb(int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpoequb(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cporfs "BLAS_FUNC(cporfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cporfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cposv "BLAS_FUNC(cposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cposvx "BLAS_FUNC(cposvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cposvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpotf2 "BLAS_FUNC(cpotf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpotf2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpotrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpotrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpotrf(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpotri "BLAS_FUNC(cpotri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpotri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpotri(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpotrs "BLAS_FUNC(cpotrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpotrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cppcon "BLAS_FUNC(cppcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cppcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cppcon(uplo, n, ap, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cppequ "BLAS_FUNC(cppequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void cppequ(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cppequ(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpprfs "BLAS_FUNC(cpprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cppsv "BLAS_FUNC(cppsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cppsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cppsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cppsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, char *equed, s *s, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, char *equed, s *s, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cppsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpptrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpptrf(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpptri "BLAS_FUNC(cpptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpptri(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpptrs "BLAS_FUNC(cpptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpstf2 "BLAS_FUNC(cpstf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpstf2(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpstrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpstrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpstrf(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cptcon "BLAS_FUNC(cptcon)"(int *n, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cptcon(int *n, s *d, c *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cptcon(n, d, e, anorm, rcond, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpteqr "BLAS_FUNC(cpteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cptrfs "BLAS_FUNC(cptrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, s *df, npy_complex64 *ef, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cptrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, s *df, c *ef, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cptrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cptsv "BLAS_FUNC(cptsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cptsv(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cptsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cptsvx)"(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, s *df, npy_complex64 *ef, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, s *df, c *ef, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cptsvx(fact, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpttrf "BLAS_FUNC(cpttrf)"(int *n, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpttrf(int *n, s *d, c *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpttrf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cpttrs "BLAS_FUNC(cpttrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cpttrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cpttrs(uplo, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cptts2 "BLAS_FUNC(cptts2)"(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, npy_complex64 *e, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void cptts2(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, c *e, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cptts2(iuplo, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_crot "BLAS_FUNC(crot)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex64 *cy, int *incy, s *c, npy_complex64 *s) nogil +cdef void crot(int *n, c *cx, int *incx, c *cy, int *incy, s *c, c *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_crot(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cspcon "BLAS_FUNC(cspcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cspcon(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cspcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cspmv "BLAS_FUNC(cspmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void cspmv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *ap, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cspmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cspr "BLAS_FUNC(cspr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *ap) nogil +cdef void cspr(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cspr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csprfs "BLAS_FUNC(csprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cspsv "BLAS_FUNC(cspsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void cspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cspsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cspsvx "BLAS_FUNC(cspsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *afp, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cspsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csptrf "BLAS_FUNC(csptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void csptrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csptri "BLAS_FUNC(csptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csptri(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csptrs "BLAS_FUNC(csptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void csptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csrscl "BLAS_FUNC(csrscl)"(int *n, s *sa, npy_complex64 *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void csrscl(int *n, s *sa, c *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csrscl(n, sa, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cstedc "BLAS_FUNC(cstedc)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cstedc(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cstedc(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cstegr "BLAS_FUNC(cstegr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cstegr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cstein "BLAS_FUNC(cstein)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void cstein(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cstein(n, d, e, m, w, iblock, isplit, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cstemr "BLAS_FUNC(cstemr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, c *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cstemr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, m, w, z, ldz, nzc, isuppz, tryrac, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csteqr "BLAS_FUNC(csteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, c *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csycon "BLAS_FUNC(csycon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csycon(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csycon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyconv "BLAS_FUNC(csyconv)"(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyconv(uplo, way, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyequb "BLAS_FUNC(csyequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csyequb(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csymv "BLAS_FUNC(csymv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void csymv(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, int *lda, c *x, int *incx, c *beta, c *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csymv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyr "BLAS_FUNC(csyr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *x, int *incx, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void csyr(char *uplo, int *n, c *alpha, c *x, int *incx, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyrfs "BLAS_FUNC(csyrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csysv "BLAS_FUNC(csysv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csysv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csysvx "BLAS_FUNC(csysvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csysvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csyswapr "BLAS_FUNC(csyswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void csyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csyswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytf2 "BLAS_FUNC(csytf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytf2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytrf "BLAS_FUNC(csytrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytrf(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytri "BLAS_FUNC(csytri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytri(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytri2 "BLAS_FUNC(csytri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytri2(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytri2x "BLAS_FUNC(csytri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytrs "BLAS_FUNC(csytrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_csytrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(csytrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void csytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_csytrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctbcon "BLAS_FUNC(ctbcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, c *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctbcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, kd, ab, ldab, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(ctbrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctbrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(ctbtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, c *ab, int *ldab, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctbtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctfsm "BLAS_FUNC(ctfsm)"(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *a, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ctfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, c *alpha, c *a, c *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctfsm(transr, side, uplo, trans, diag, m, n, alpha, a, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctftri "BLAS_FUNC(ctftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctftri(transr, uplo, diag, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctfttp "BLAS_FUNC(ctfttp)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *arf, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *arf, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctfttp(transr, uplo, n, arf, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctfttr "BLAS_FUNC(ctfttr)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *arf, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *arf, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctfttr(transr, uplo, n, arf, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgevc "BLAS_FUNC(ctgevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *s, int *lds, npy_complex64 *p, int *ldp, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *s, int *lds, c *p, int *ldp, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgevc(side, howmny, select, n, s, lds, p, ldp, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgex2 "BLAS_FUNC(ctgex2)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgex2(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, j1, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgexc "BLAS_FUNC(ctgexc)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgexc(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, ifst, ilst, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgsen "BLAS_FUNC(ctgsen)"(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *alpha, npy_complex64 *beta, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *alpha, c *beta, c *q, int *ldq, c *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgsen(ijob, wantq, wantz, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, m, pl, pr, dif, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgsja "BLAS_FUNC(ctgsja)"(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, npy_complex64 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *ncycle, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, c *u, int *ldu, c *v, int *ldv, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgsja(jobu, jobv, jobq, m, p, n, k, l, a, lda, b, ldb, tola, tolb, alpha, beta, u, ldu, v, ldv, q, ldq, work, ncycle, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgsna "BLAS_FUNC(ctgsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgsna(job, howmny, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, dif, mm, m, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgsy2 "BLAS_FUNC(ctgsy2)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex64 *e, int *lde, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, c *d, int *ldd, c *e, int *lde, c *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgsy2(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, rdsum, rdscal, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctgsyl "BLAS_FUNC(ctgsyl)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex64 *e, int *lde, npy_complex64 *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, c *d, int *ldd, c *e, int *lde, c *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, c *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctgsyl(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, dif, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpcon "BLAS_FUNC(ctpcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpmqrt "BLAS_FUNC(ctpmqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpmqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, l, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpqrt "BLAS_FUNC(ctpqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *t, int *ldt, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpqrt(m, n, l, nb, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(ctpqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpqrt2(m, n, l, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctprfb "BLAS_FUNC(ctprfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void ctprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *v, int *ldv, c *t, int *ldt, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctprfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctprfs "BLAS_FUNC(ctprfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctprfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctptri "BLAS_FUNC(ctptri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctptri(uplo, diag, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctptrs "BLAS_FUNC(ctptrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *ap, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctptrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpttf "BLAS_FUNC(ctpttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpttf(transr, uplo, n, ap, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctpttr "BLAS_FUNC(ctpttr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctpttr(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctpttr(uplo, n, ap, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrcon "BLAS_FUNC(ctrcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, s *rcond, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, s *rcond, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, a, lda, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrevc "BLAS_FUNC(ctrevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrevc(side, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrexc "BLAS_FUNC(ctrexc)"(char *compq, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrexc(char *compq, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrexc(compq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, ifst, ilst, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrrfs "BLAS_FUNC(ctrrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, npy_complex64 *work, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, c *work, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrsen "BLAS_FUNC(ctrsen)"(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *w, int *m, s *s, s *sep, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *q, int *ldq, c *w, int *m, s *s, s *sep, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrsen(job, compq, select, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, w, m, s, sep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrsna "BLAS_FUNC(ctrsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex64 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex64 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex64 *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex64 *work, int *ldwork, s *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, c *t, int *ldt, c *vl, int *ldvl, c *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, c *work, int *ldwork, s *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrsna(job, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, sep, mm, m, work, ldwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrsyl "BLAS_FUNC(ctrsyl)"(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, c *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrsyl(trana, tranb, isgn, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrti2 "BLAS_FUNC(ctrti2)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrti2(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrtri "BLAS_FUNC(ctrtri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, c *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrtri(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrtrs "BLAS_FUNC(ctrtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, c *a, int *lda, c *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrttf "BLAS_FUNC(ctrttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrttf(transr, uplo, n, a, lda, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctrttp "BLAS_FUNC(ctrttp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctrttp(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctrttp(uplo, n, a, lda, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ctzrzf "BLAS_FUNC(ctzrzf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ctzrzf(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ctzrzf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunbdb "BLAS_FUNC(cunbdb)"(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex64 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex64 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex64 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex64 *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, npy_complex64 *taup1, npy_complex64 *taup2, npy_complex64 *tauq1, npy_complex64 *tauq2, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, c *x11, int *ldx11, c *x12, int *ldx12, c *x21, int *ldx21, c *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, c *taup1, c *taup2, c *tauq1, c *tauq2, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunbdb(trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, phi, taup1, taup2, tauq1, tauq2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cuncsd "BLAS_FUNC(cuncsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex64 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex64 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex64 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex64 *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, npy_complex64 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex64 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex64 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex64 *v2t, int *ldv2t, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cuncsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, c *x11, int *ldx11, c *x12, int *ldx12, c *x21, int *ldx21, c *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, c *u1, int *ldu1, c *u2, int *ldu2, c *v1t, int *ldv1t, c *v2t, int *ldv2t, c *work, int *lwork, s *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cuncsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cung2l "BLAS_FUNC(cung2l)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cung2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cung2l(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cung2r "BLAS_FUNC(cung2r)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cung2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cung2r(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungbr "BLAS_FUNC(cungbr)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungbr(vect, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunghr "BLAS_FUNC(cunghr)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunghr(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungl2 "BLAS_FUNC(cungl2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungl2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunglq "BLAS_FUNC(cunglq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunglq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungql "BLAS_FUNC(cungql)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungql(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungql(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungqr "BLAS_FUNC(cungqr)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungqr(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungr2 "BLAS_FUNC(cungr2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungr2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungrq "BLAS_FUNC(cungrq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungrq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cungtr "BLAS_FUNC(cungtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cungtr(char *uplo, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cungtr(uplo, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunm2l "BLAS_FUNC(cunm2l)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunm2l(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunm2r "BLAS_FUNC(cunm2r)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunm2r(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmbr "BLAS_FUNC(cunmbr)"(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmbr(vect, side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmhr "BLAS_FUNC(cunmhr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmhr(side, trans, m, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunml2 "BLAS_FUNC(cunml2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunml2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmlq "BLAS_FUNC(cunmlq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmlq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmql "BLAS_FUNC(cunmql)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmql(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmqr "BLAS_FUNC(cunmqr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmqr(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmr2 "BLAS_FUNC(cunmr2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmr2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmr3 "BLAS_FUNC(cunmr3)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmr3(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmrq "BLAS_FUNC(cunmrq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmrq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmrz "BLAS_FUNC(cunmrz)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmrz(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cunmtr "BLAS_FUNC(cunmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void cunmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cunmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cupgtr "BLAS_FUNC(cupgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cupgtr(char *uplo, int *n, c *ap, c *tau, c *q, int *ldq, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cupgtr(uplo, n, ap, tau, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_cupmtr "BLAS_FUNC(cupmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *ap, npy_complex64 *tau, npy_complex64 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex64 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void cupmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, c *ap, c *tau, c *c, int *ldc, c *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_cupmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, ap, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dbbcsd "BLAS_FUNC(dbbcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dbbcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, m, p, q, theta, phi, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, b11d, b11e, b12d, b12e, b21d, b21e, b22d, b22e, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dbdsdc "BLAS_FUNC(dbdsdc)"(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *q, int *iq, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dbdsdc(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *q, int *iq, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dbdsdc(uplo, compq, n, d, e, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, q, iq, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dbdsqr "BLAS_FUNC(dbdsqr)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dbdsqr(uplo, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ddisna "BLAS_FUNC(ddisna)"(char *job, int *m, int *n, d *d, d *sep, int *info) nogil +cdef void ddisna(char *job, int *m, int *n, d *d, d *sep, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ddisna(job, m, n, d, sep, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbbrd "BLAS_FUNC(dgbbrd)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *pt, int *ldpt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *pt, int *ldpt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbbrd(vect, m, n, ncc, kl, ku, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, pt, ldpt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbcon "BLAS_FUNC(dgbcon)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbcon(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbequ "BLAS_FUNC(dgbequ)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbequ(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbequb "BLAS_FUNC(dgbequb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbequb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dgbrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbrfs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbsv "BLAS_FUNC(dgbsv)"(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbsv(n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dgbsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbsvx(fact, trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgbtf2)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbtf2(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(dgbtrf)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbtrf(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(dgbtrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgbtrs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgebak "BLAS_FUNC(dgebak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgebak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, scale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgebal "BLAS_FUNC(dgebal)"(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgebal(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgebal(job, n, a, lda, ilo, ihi, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgebd2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgebd2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgebd2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgebd2(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgebrd "BLAS_FUNC(dgebrd)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgebrd(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgebrd(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgecon "BLAS_FUNC(dgecon)"(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgecon(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgecon(norm, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeequ "BLAS_FUNC(dgeequ)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeequ(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeequ(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeequb "BLAS_FUNC(dgeequb)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeequb(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeequb(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgees "BLAS_FUNC(dgees)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _dselect2 *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, dselect2 *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgees(jobvs, sort, <_dselect2*>select, n, a, lda, sdim, wr, wi, vs, ldvs, work, lwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeesx "BLAS_FUNC(dgeesx)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _dselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, dselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *sdim, d *wr, d *wi, d *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeesx(jobvs, sort, <_dselect2*>select, sense, n, a, lda, sdim, wr, wi, vs, ldvs, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeev "BLAS_FUNC(dgeev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeevx "BLAS_FUNC(dgeevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, scale, abnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgehd2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgehd2)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgehd2(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgehrd "BLAS_FUNC(dgehrd)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgehrd(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgejsv "BLAS_FUNC(dgejsv)"(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgejsv(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgejsv(joba, jobu, jobv, jobr, jobt, jobp, m, n, a, lda, sva, u, ldu, v, ldv, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgelq2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgelq2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgelq2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgelq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgelqf "BLAS_FUNC(dgelqf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgelqf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgelqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgels "BLAS_FUNC(dgels)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgels(trans, m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgelsd "BLAS_FUNC(dgelsd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgelsd(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgelss "BLAS_FUNC(dgelss)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgelss(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgelsy "BLAS_FUNC(dgelsy)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgelsy(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, jpvt, rcond, rank, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgemqrt "BLAS_FUNC(dgemqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgemqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeql2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgeql2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeql2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeql2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqlf "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqlf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqlf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqlf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqp3 "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqp3)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqp3(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqp3(m, n, a, lda, jpvt, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqr2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqr2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqr2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqr2p "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqr2p)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqr2p(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqrf "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqrf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqrf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqrfp "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrfp)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqrfp(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqrt "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqrt(m, n, nb, a, lda, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqrt2(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgeqrt3 "BLAS_FUNC(dgeqrt3)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgeqrt3(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgerfs "BLAS_FUNC(dgerfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgerfs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgerq2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgerq2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgerq2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgerq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgerqf "BLAS_FUNC(dgerqf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgerqf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgerqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesc2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgesc2)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) nogil +cdef void dgesc2(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesc2(n, a, lda, rhs, ipiv, jpiv, scale) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesdd "BLAS_FUNC(dgesdd)"(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesdd(jobz, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesv "BLAS_FUNC(dgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesvd "BLAS_FUNC(dgesvd)"(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesvd(jobu, jobvt, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesvj "BLAS_FUNC(dgesvj)"(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgesvj(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesvj(joba, jobu, jobv, m, n, a, lda, sva, mv, v, ldv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgesvx "BLAS_FUNC(dgesvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgesvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgetc2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgetc2)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgetc2(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgetc2(n, a, lda, ipiv, jpiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgetf2)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgetf2(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgetf2(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgetrf "BLAS_FUNC(dgetrf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgetrf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgetrf(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgetri "BLAS_FUNC(dgetri)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgetri(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgetri(n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgetrs "BLAS_FUNC(dgetrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgetrs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggbak "BLAS_FUNC(dggbak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, d *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggbak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggbal "BLAS_FUNC(dggbal)"(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggbal(char *job, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggbal(job, n, a, lda, b, ldb, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgges "BLAS_FUNC(dgges)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _dselect3 *selctg, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, dselect3 *selctg, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgges(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_dselect3*>selctg, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alphar, alphai, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, work, lwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggesx "BLAS_FUNC(dggesx)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _dselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, dselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vsl, int *ldvsl, d *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggesx(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_dselect3*>selctg, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alphar, alphai, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggev "BLAS_FUNC(dggev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggevx "BLAS_FUNC(dggevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, abnrm, bbnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggglm "BLAS_FUNC(dggglm)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *d, d *x, d *y, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *d, d *x, d *y, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggglm(n, m, p, a, lda, b, ldb, d, x, y, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgghrd "BLAS_FUNC(dgghrd)"(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgghrd(compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgglse "BLAS_FUNC(dgglse)"(int *m, int *n, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, d *d, d *x, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, d *d, d *x, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgglse(m, n, p, a, lda, b, ldb, c, d, x, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggqrf "BLAS_FUNC(dggqrf)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggqrf(n, m, p, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dggrqf "BLAS_FUNC(dggrqf)"(int *m, int *p, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *taua, d *b, int *ldb, d *taub, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dggrqf(m, p, n, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgsvj0 "BLAS_FUNC(dgsvj0)"(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgsvj0(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgsvj0(jobv, m, n, a, lda, d, sva, mv, v, ldv, eps, sfmin, tol, nsweep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgsvj1 "BLAS_FUNC(dgsvj1)"(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgsvj1(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *sva, int *mv, d *v, int *ldv, d *eps, d *sfmin, d *tol, int *nsweep, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgsvj1(jobv, m, n, n1, a, lda, d, sva, mv, v, ldv, eps, sfmin, tol, nsweep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgtcon "BLAS_FUNC(dgtcon)"(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgtcon(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgtcon(norm, n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgtrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dgtrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgtrfs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgtsv "BLAS_FUNC(dgtsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgtsv(n, nrhs, dl, d, du, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgtsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dgtsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *dlf, d *df, d *duf, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgtsvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgttrf "BLAS_FUNC(dgttrf)"(int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgttrf(int *n, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgttrf(n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgttrs "BLAS_FUNC(dgttrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgttrs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dgtts2 "BLAS_FUNC(dgtts2)"(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *du2, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dgtts2(itrans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dhgeqz "BLAS_FUNC(dhgeqz)"(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *t, int *ldt, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dhgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *t, int *ldt, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dhgeqz(job, compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, t, ldt, alphar, alphai, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dhsein "BLAS_FUNC(dhsein)"(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) nogil +cdef void dhsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dhsein(side, eigsrc, initv, select, n, h, ldh, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, ifaill, ifailr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dhseqr "BLAS_FUNC(dhseqr)"(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dhseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dhseqr(job, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + bint _fortran_disnan "BLAS_FUNC(disnan)"(d *din) nogil +cdef bint disnan(d *din) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_disnan(din) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlabad "BLAS_FUNC(dlabad)"(d *small, d *large) nogil +cdef void dlabad(d *small, d *large) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlabad(small, large) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlabrd "BLAS_FUNC(dlabrd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *x, int *ldx, d *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void dlabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tauq, d *taup, d *x, int *ldx, d *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlabrd(m, n, nb, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, x, ldx, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlacn2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlacn2)"(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) nogil +cdef void dlacn2(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlacn2(n, v, x, isgn, est, kase, isave) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlacon "BLAS_FUNC(dlacon)"(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase) nogil +cdef void dlacon(int *n, d *v, d *x, int *isgn, d *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlacon(n, v, x, isgn, est, kase) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlacpy "BLAS_FUNC(dlacpy)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dlacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlacpy(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dladiv "BLAS_FUNC(dladiv)"(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *p, d *q) nogil +cdef void dladiv(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *p, d *q) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dladiv(a, b, c, d, p, q) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlae2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlae2)"(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2) nogil +cdef void dlae2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlae2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaebz "BLAS_FUNC(dlaebz)"(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, d *abstol, d *reltol, d *pivmin, d *d, d *e, d *e2, int *nval, d *ab, d *c, int *mout, int *nab, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaebz(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, d *abstol, d *reltol, d *pivmin, d *d, d *e, d *e2, int *nval, d *ab, d *c, int *mout, int *nab, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaebz(ijob, nitmax, n, mmax, minp, nbmin, abstol, reltol, pivmin, d, e, e2, nval, ab, c, mout, nab, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed0 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed0)"(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *qstore, int *ldqs, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed0(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *qstore, int *ldqs, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed0(icompq, qsiz, n, d, e, q, ldq, qstore, ldqs, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed1 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed1)"(int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed1(int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed1(n, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed2)"(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, d *z, d *dlamda, d *w, d *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed2(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, d *z, d *dlamda, d *w, d *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed2(k, n, n1, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, z, dlamda, w, q2, indx, indxc, indxp, coltyp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed3 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed3)"(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, d *w, d *s, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed3(int *k, int *n, int *n1, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, d *w, d *s, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed3(k, n, n1, d, q, ldq, rho, dlamda, q2, indx, ctot, w, s, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed4 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed4)"(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed4(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed4(n, i, d, z, delta, rho, dlam, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed5 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed5)"(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam) nogil +cdef void dlaed5(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dlam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed5(i, d, z, delta, rho, dlam) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed6 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed6)"(int *kniter, bint *orgati, d *rho, d *d, d *z, d *finit, d *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed6(int *kniter, bint *orgati, d *rho, d *d, d *z, d *finit, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed6(kniter, orgati, rho, d, z, finit, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed7 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed7)"(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed7(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed7(icompq, n, qsiz, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, qstore, qptr, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed8 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed8)"(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed8(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, d *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed8(icompq, k, n, qsiz, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, z, dlamda, q2, ldq2, w, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, indxp, indx, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaed9 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaed9)"(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *w, d *s, int *lds, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaed9(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *rho, d *dlamda, d *w, d *s, int *lds, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaed9(k, kstart, kstop, n, d, q, ldq, rho, dlamda, w, s, lds, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaeda "BLAS_FUNC(dlaeda)"(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *q, int *qptr, d *z, d *ztemp, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaeda(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, d *q, int *qptr, d *z, d *ztemp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaeda(n, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, q, qptr, z, ztemp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaein "BLAS_FUNC(dlaein)"(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vr, d *vi, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, d *eps3, d *smlnum, d *bignum, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, d *vr, d *vi, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, d *eps3, d *smlnum, d *bignum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaein(rightv, noinit, n, h, ldh, wr, wi, vr, vi, b, ldb, work, eps3, smlnum, bignum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaev2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaev2)"(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, d *sn1) nogil +cdef void dlaev2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, d *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaev2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaexc "BLAS_FUNC(dlaexc)"(bint *wantq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaexc(bint *wantq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaexc(wantq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, j1, n1, n2, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlag2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlag2)"(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *safmin, d *scale1, d *scale2, d *wr1, d *wr2, d *wi) nogil +cdef void dlag2(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *safmin, d *scale1, d *scale2, d *wr1, d *wr2, d *wi) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlag2(a, lda, b, ldb, safmin, scale1, scale2, wr1, wr2, wi) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlag2s "BLAS_FUNC(dlag2s)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlag2s(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlag2s(m, n, a, lda, sa, ldsa, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlags2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlags2)"(bint *upper, d *a1, d *a2, d *a3, d *b1, d *b2, d *b3, d *csu, d *snu, d *csv, d *snv, d *csq, d *snq) nogil +cdef void dlags2(bint *upper, d *a1, d *a2, d *a3, d *b1, d *b2, d *b3, d *csu, d *snu, d *csv, d *snv, d *csq, d *snq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlags2(upper, a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, b3, csu, snu, csv, snv, csq, snq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlagtf "BLAS_FUNC(dlagtf)"(int *n, d *a, d *lambda_, d *b, d *c, d *tol, d *d, int *in_, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlagtf(int *n, d *a, d *lambda_, d *b, d *c, d *tol, d *d, int *in_, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlagtf(n, a, lambda_, b, c, tol, d, in_, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlagtm "BLAS_FUNC(dlagtm)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *x, int *ldx, d *beta, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dlagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, d *dl, d *d, d *du, d *x, int *ldx, d *beta, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlagtm(trans, n, nrhs, alpha, dl, d, du, x, ldx, beta, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlagts "BLAS_FUNC(dlagts)"(int *job, int *n, d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, int *in_, d *y, d *tol, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlagts(int *job, int *n, d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, int *in_, d *y, d *tol, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlagts(job, n, a, b, c, d, in_, y, tol, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlagv2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlagv2)"(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *csl, d *snl, d *csr, d *snr) nogil +cdef void dlagv2(d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *csl, d *snl, d *csr, d *snr) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlagv2(a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, csl, snl, csr, snr) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlahqr "BLAS_FUNC(dlahqr)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlahqr(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlahr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlahr2)"(int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt, d *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void dlahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt, d *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlahr2(n, k, nb, a, lda, tau, t, ldt, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaic1 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaic1)"(int *job, int *j, d *x, d *sest, d *w, d *gamma, d *sestpr, d *s, d *c) nogil +cdef void dlaic1(int *job, int *j, d *x, d *sest, d *w, d *gamma, d *sestpr, d *s, d *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaic1(job, j, x, sest, w, gamma, sestpr, s, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaln2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaln2)"(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, d *smin, d *ca, d *a, int *lda, d *d1, d *d2, d *b, int *ldb, d *wr, d *wi, d *x, int *ldx, d *scale, d *xnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaln2(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, d *smin, d *ca, d *a, int *lda, d *d1, d *d2, d *b, int *ldb, d *wr, d *wi, d *x, int *ldx, d *scale, d *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaln2(ltrans, na, nw, smin, ca, a, lda, d1, d2, b, ldb, wr, wi, x, ldx, scale, xnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlals0 "BLAS_FUNC(dlals0)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlals0(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlalsa "BLAS_FUNC(dlalsa)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *b, int *ldb, d *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlalsa(icompq, smlsiz, n, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlalsd "BLAS_FUNC(dlalsd)"(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlalsd(uplo, smlsiz, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, rcond, rank, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlamch "BLAS_FUNC(dlamch)"(char *cmach) nogil +cdef d dlamch(char *cmach) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlamch(cmach) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlamrg "BLAS_FUNC(dlamrg)"(int *n1, int *n2, d *a, int *dtrd1, int *dtrd2, int *index_bn) nogil +cdef void dlamrg(int *n1, int *n2, d *a, int *dtrd1, int *dtrd2, int *index_bn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlamrg(n1, n2, a, dtrd1, dtrd2, index_bn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_dlaneg "BLAS_FUNC(dlaneg)"(int *n, d *d, d *lld, d *sigma, d *pivmin, int *r) nogil +cdef int dlaneg(int *n, d *d, d *lld, d *sigma, d *pivmin, int *r) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlaneg(n, d, lld, sigma, pivmin, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlangb "BLAS_FUNC(dlangb)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlangb(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlange "BLAS_FUNC(dlange)"(char *norm, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlange(norm, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlangt "BLAS_FUNC(dlangt)"(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d_, d *du) nogil +cdef d dlangt(char *norm, int *n, d *dl, d *d_, d *du) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlangt(norm, n, dl, d_, du) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlanhs "BLAS_FUNC(dlanhs)"(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlanhs(char *norm, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlanhs(norm, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlansb "BLAS_FUNC(dlansb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlansb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlansf "BLAS_FUNC(dlansf)"(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlansf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlansf(norm, transr, uplo, n, a, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlansp "BLAS_FUNC(dlansp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlansp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlanst "BLAS_FUNC(dlanst)"(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, d *e) nogil +cdef d dlanst(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, d *e) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlanst(norm, n, d_, e) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlansy "BLAS_FUNC(dlansy)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlansy(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlantb "BLAS_FUNC(dlantb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, d *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlantb(norm, uplo, diag, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlantp "BLAS_FUNC(dlantp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlantp(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlantr "BLAS_FUNC(dlantr)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d dlantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlantr(norm, uplo, diag, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlanv2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlanv2)"(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *rt1r, d *rt1i, d *rt2r, d *rt2i, d *cs, d *sn) nogil +cdef void dlanv2(d *a, d *b, d *c, d *d, d *rt1r, d *rt1i, d *rt2r, d *rt2i, d *cs, d *sn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlanv2(a, b, c, d, rt1r, rt1i, rt2r, rt2i, cs, sn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlapll "BLAS_FUNC(dlapll)"(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) nogil +cdef void dlapll(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlapll(n, x, incx, y, incy, ssmin) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlapmr "BLAS_FUNC(dlapmr)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void dlapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlapmr(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlapmt "BLAS_FUNC(dlapmt)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void dlapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, d *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlapmt(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlapy2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlapy2)"(d *x, d *y) nogil +cdef d dlapy2(d *x, d *y) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlapy2(x, y) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dlapy3 "BLAS_FUNC(dlapy3)"(d *x, d *y, d *z) nogil +cdef d dlapy3(d *x, d *y, d *z) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dlapy3(x, y, z) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqgb "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqgb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void dlaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, d *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqgb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqge "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqge)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void dlaqge(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqge(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqp2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqp2)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqp2(m, n, offset, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqps "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqps)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *auxv, d *f, int *ldf) nogil +cdef void dlaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, d *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, d *auxv, d *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqps(m, n, offset, nb, kb, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, auxv, f, ldf) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr0 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr0)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr0(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr1 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr1)"(int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *sr1, d *si1, d *sr2, d *si2, d *v) nogil +cdef void dlaqr1(int *n, d *h, int *ldh, d *sr1, d *si1, d *sr2, d *si2, d *v) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr1(n, h, ldh, sr1, si1, sr2, si2, v) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr2)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void dlaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr2(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sr, si, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr3 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr3)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void dlaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, d *sr, d *si, d *v, int *ldv, int *nh, d *t, int *ldt, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, d *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr3(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sr, si, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr4 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr4)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *h, int *ldh, d *wr, d *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr4(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqr5 "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqr5)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, d *sr, d *si, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *v, int *ldv, d *u, int *ldu, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, d *wh, int *ldwh) nogil +cdef void dlaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, d *sr, d *si, d *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, d *z, int *ldz, d *v, int *ldv, d *u, int *ldu, int *nv, d *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, d *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqr5(wantt, wantz, kacc22, n, ktop, kbot, nshfts, sr, si, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, v, ldv, u, ldu, nv, wv, ldwv, nh, wh, ldwh) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqsb "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void dlaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqsb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqsp "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsp)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void dlaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqsp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqsy "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqsy)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void dlaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqsy(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaqtr "BLAS_FUNC(dlaqtr)"(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *b, d *w, d *scale, d *x, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlaqtr(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *b, d *w, d *scale, d *x, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaqtr(ltran, lreal, n, t, ldt, b, w, scale, x, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlar1v "BLAS_FUNC(dlar1v)"(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, d *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, d *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlar1v(n, b1, bn, lambda_, d, l, ld, lld, pivmin, gaptol, z, wantnc, negcnt, ztz, mingma, r, isuppz, nrminv, resid, rqcorr, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlar2v "BLAS_FUNC(dlar2v)"(int *n, d *x, d *y, d *z, int *incx, d *c, d *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void dlar2v(int *n, d *x, d *y, d *z, int *incx, d *c, d *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlar2v(n, x, y, z, incx, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarf "BLAS_FUNC(dlarf)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarf(side, m, n, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarfb "BLAS_FUNC(dlarfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void dlarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarfg "BLAS_FUNC(dlarfg)"(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) nogil +cdef void dlarfg(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarfg(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarfgp "BLAS_FUNC(dlarfgp)"(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) nogil +cdef void dlarfgp(int *n, d *alpha, d *x, int *incx, d *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarfgp(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarft "BLAS_FUNC(dlarft)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void dlarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarft(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarfx "BLAS_FUNC(dlarfx)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, d *v, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarfx(side, m, n, v, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlargv "BLAS_FUNC(dlargv)"(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) nogil +cdef void dlargv(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlargv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarnv "BLAS_FUNC(dlarnv)"(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, d *x) nogil +cdef void dlarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, d *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarnv(idist, iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarra "BLAS_FUNC(dlarra)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *spltol, d *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarra(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *spltol, d *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarra(n, d, e, e2, spltol, tnrm, nsplit, isplit, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrb "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrb)"(int *n, d *d, d *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, int *offset, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrb(int *n, d *d, d *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, int *offset, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrb(n, d, lld, ifirst, ilast, rtol1, rtol2, offset, w, wgap, werr, work, iwork, pivmin, spdiam, twist, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrc "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrc)"(char *jobt, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *e, d *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrc(char *jobt, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *e, d *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrc(jobt, n, vl, vu, d, e, pivmin, eigcnt, lcnt, rcnt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrd "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrd)"(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *gers, d *reltol, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wl, d *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrd(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *gers, d *reltol, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wl, d *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrd(range, order, n, vl, vu, il, iu, gers, reltol, d, e, e2, pivmin, nsplit, isplit, m, w, werr, wl, wu, iblock, indexw, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarre "BLAS_FUNC(dlarre)"(char *range, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *pivmin, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarre(char *range, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *d, d *e, d *e2, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *pivmin, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarre(range, n, vl, vu, il, iu, d, e, e2, rtol1, rtol2, spltol, nsplit, isplit, m, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, pivmin, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrf "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrf)"(int *n, d *d, d *l, d *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *spdiam, d *clgapl, d *clgapr, d *pivmin, d *sigma, d *dplus, d *lplus, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrf(int *n, d *d, d *l, d *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, d *w, d *wgap, d *werr, d *spdiam, d *clgapl, d *clgapr, d *pivmin, d *sigma, d *dplus, d *lplus, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrf(n, d, l, ld, clstrt, clend, w, wgap, werr, spdiam, clgapl, clgapr, pivmin, sigma, dplus, lplus, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrj "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrj)"(int *n, d *d, d *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol, int *offset, d *w, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrj(int *n, d *d, d *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, d *rtol, int *offset, d *w, d *werr, d *work, int *iwork, d *pivmin, d *spdiam, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrj(n, d, e2, ifirst, ilast, rtol, offset, w, werr, work, iwork, pivmin, spdiam, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrk "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrk)"(int *n, int *iw, d *gl, d *gu, d *d, d *e2, d *pivmin, d *reltol, d *w, d *werr, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrk(int *n, int *iw, d *gl, d *gu, d *d, d *e2, d *pivmin, d *reltol, d *w, d *werr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrk(n, iw, gl, gu, d, e2, pivmin, reltol, w, werr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrr "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrr)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrr(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrr(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarrv "BLAS_FUNC(dlarrv)"(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlarrv(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarrv(n, vl, vu, d, l, pivmin, isplit, m, dol, dou, minrgp, rtol1, rtol2, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, z, ldz, isuppz, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlartg "BLAS_FUNC(dlartg)"(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) nogil +cdef void dlartg(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlartg(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlartgp "BLAS_FUNC(dlartgp)"(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) nogil +cdef void dlartgp(d *f, d *g, d *cs, d *sn, d *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlartgp(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlartgs "BLAS_FUNC(dlartgs)"(d *x, d *y, d *sigma, d *cs, d *sn) nogil +cdef void dlartgs(d *x, d *y, d *sigma, d *cs, d *sn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlartgs(x, y, sigma, cs, sn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlartv "BLAS_FUNC(dlartv)"(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, d *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void dlartv(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *y, int *incy, d *c, d *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlartv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaruv "BLAS_FUNC(dlaruv)"(int *iseed, int *n, d *x) nogil +cdef void dlaruv(int *iseed, int *n, d *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaruv(iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarz "BLAS_FUNC(dlarz)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, d *v, int *incv, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarz(side, m, n, l, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarzb "BLAS_FUNC(dlarzb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void dlarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarzb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlarzt "BLAS_FUNC(dlarzt)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void dlarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, d *v, int *ldv, d *tau, d *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlarzt(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlas2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlas2)"(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax) nogil +cdef void dlas2(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlas2(f, g, h, ssmin, ssmax) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlascl "BLAS_FUNC(dlascl)"(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlascl(type_bn, kl, ku, cfrom, cto, m, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd0 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd0)"(int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd0(int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd0(n, sqre, d, e, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, smlsiz, iwork, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd1 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd1)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd1(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd1(nl, nr, sqre, d, alpha, beta, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, idxq, iwork, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd2)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *dsigma, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd2(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *dsigma, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd2(nl, nr, sqre, k, d, z, alpha, beta, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, dsigma, u2, ldu2, vt2, ldvt2, idxp, idx, idxc, idxq, coltyp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd3 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd3)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *dsigma, d *u, int *ldu, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, d *z, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd3(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *q, int *ldq, d *dsigma, d *u, int *ldu, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, d *z, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd3(nl, nr, sqre, k, d, q, ldq, dsigma, u, ldu, u2, ldu2, vt, ldvt, vt2, ldvt2, idxc, ctot, z, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd4 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd4)"(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *sigma, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd4(int *n, int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *sigma, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd4(n, i, d, z, delta, rho, sigma, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd5 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd5)"(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dsigma, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlasd5(int *i, d *d, d *z, d *delta, d *rho, d *dsigma, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd5(i, d, z, delta, rho, dsigma, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd6 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd6)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *vf, d *vl, d *alpha, d *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd6(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, d *d, d *vf, d *vl, d *alpha, d *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd6(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, d, vf, vl, alpha, beta, idxq, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd7 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd7)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *zw, d *vf, d *vfw, d *vl, d *vlw, d *alpha, d *beta, d *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *c, d *s, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd7(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *zw, d *vf, d *vfw, d *vl, d *vlw, d *alpha, d *beta, d *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *c, d *s, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd7(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, k, d, z, zw, vf, vfw, vl, vlw, alpha, beta, dsigma, idx, idxp, idxq, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, c, s, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasd8 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasd8)"(int *icompq, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *vf, d *vl, d *difl, d *difr, int *lddifr, d *dsigma, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasd8(int *icompq, int *k, d *d, d *z, d *vf, d *vl, d *difl, d *difr, int *lddifr, d *dsigma, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasd8(icompq, k, d, z, vf, vl, difl, difr, lddifr, dsigma, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasda "BLAS_FUNC(dlasda)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasda(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, d *d, d *e, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasda(icompq, smlsiz, n, sqre, d, e, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasdq "BLAS_FUNC(dlasdq)"(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasdq(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, d *vt, int *ldvt, d *u, int *ldu, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasdq(uplo, sqre, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasdt "BLAS_FUNC(dlasdt)"(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) nogil +cdef void dlasdt(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasdt(n, lvl, nd, inode, ndiml, ndimr, msub) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaset "BLAS_FUNC(dlaset)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *beta, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void dlaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *beta, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaset(uplo, m, n, alpha, beta, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasq1 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasq1)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasq1(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasq1(n, d, e, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasq2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasq2)"(int *n, d *z, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasq2(int *n, d *z, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasq2(n, z, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasq3 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasq3)"(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *sigma, d *desig, d *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *g, d *tau) nogil +cdef void dlasq3(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *sigma, d *desig, d *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *g, d *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasq3(i0, n0, z, pp, dmin, sigma, desig, qmax, nfail, iter, ndiv, ieee, ttype, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dn1, dn2, g, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasq4 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasq4)"(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, int *n0in, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *tau, int *ttype, d *g) nogil +cdef void dlasq4(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, int *n0in, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dn1, d *dn2, d *tau, int *ttype, d *g) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasq4(i0, n0, z, pp, n0in, dmin, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dn1, dn2, tau, ttype, g) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasq6 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasq6)"(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dnm1, d *dnm2) nogil +cdef void dlasq6(int *i0, int *n0, d *z, int *pp, d *dmin, d *dmin1, d *dmin2, d *dn, d *dnm1, d *dnm2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasq6(i0, n0, z, pp, dmin, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dnm1, dnm2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasr "BLAS_FUNC(dlasr)"(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void dlasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasr(side, pivot, direct, m, n, c, s, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasrt "BLAS_FUNC(dlasrt)"(char *id, int *n, d *d, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasrt(char *id, int *n, d *d, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasrt(id, n, d, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlassq "BLAS_FUNC(dlassq)"(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) nogil +cdef void dlassq(int *n, d *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlassq(n, x, incx, scale, sumsq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasv2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasv2)"(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax, d *snr, d *csr, d *snl, d *csl) nogil +cdef void dlasv2(d *f, d *g, d *h, d *ssmin, d *ssmax, d *snr, d *csr, d *snl, d *csl) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasv2(f, g, h, ssmin, ssmax, snr, csr, snl, csl) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlaswp "BLAS_FUNC(dlaswp)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) nogil +cdef void dlaswp(int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlaswp(n, a, lda, k1, k2, ipiv, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasy2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlasy2)"(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, d *tl, int *ldtl, d *tr, int *ldtr, d *b, int *ldb, d *scale, d *x, int *ldx, d *xnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasy2(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, d *tl, int *ldtl, d *tr, int *ldtr, d *b, int *ldb, d *scale, d *x, int *ldx, d *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasy2(ltranl, ltranr, isgn, n1, n2, tl, ldtl, tr, ldtr, b, ldb, scale, x, ldx, xnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlasyf "BLAS_FUNC(dlasyf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlasyf(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlat2s "BLAS_FUNC(dlat2s)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlat2s(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, s *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlat2s(uplo, n, a, lda, sa, ldsa, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatbs "BLAS_FUNC(dlatbs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatbs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, kd, ab, ldab, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatdf "BLAS_FUNC(dlatdf)"(int *ijob, int *n, d *z, int *ldz, d *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) nogil +cdef void dlatdf(int *ijob, int *n, d *z, int *ldz, d *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatdf(ijob, n, z, ldz, rhs, rdsum, rdscal, ipiv, jpiv) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatps "BLAS_FUNC(dlatps)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *ap, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *ap, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatps(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, ap, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatrd "BLAS_FUNC(dlatrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *e, d *tau, d *w, int *ldw) nogil +cdef void dlatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *e, d *tau, d *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatrd(uplo, n, nb, a, lda, e, tau, w, ldw) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatrs "BLAS_FUNC(dlatrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatrs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, a, lda, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlatrz "BLAS_FUNC(dlatrz)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work) nogil +cdef void dlatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlatrz(m, n, l, a, lda, tau, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlauu2 "BLAS_FUNC(dlauu2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlauu2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlauu2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dlauum "BLAS_FUNC(dlauum)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dlauum(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dlauum(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dopgtr "BLAS_FUNC(dopgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dopgtr(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dopgtr(uplo, n, ap, tau, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dopmtr "BLAS_FUNC(dopmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dopmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *ap, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dopmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, ap, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorbdb "BLAS_FUNC(dorbdb)"(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, d *taup1, d *taup2, d *tauq1, d *tauq2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, d *taup1, d *taup2, d *tauq1, d *tauq2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorbdb(trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, phi, taup1, taup2, tauq1, tauq2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorcsd "BLAS_FUNC(dorcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *x11, int *ldx11, d *x12, int *ldx12, d *x21, int *ldx21, d *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *u1, int *ldu1, d *u2, int *ldu2, d *v1t, int *ldv1t, d *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorg2l "BLAS_FUNC(dorg2l)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorg2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorg2l(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorg2r "BLAS_FUNC(dorg2r)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorg2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorg2r(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgbr "BLAS_FUNC(dorgbr)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgbr(vect, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorghr "BLAS_FUNC(dorghr)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorghr(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgl2 "BLAS_FUNC(dorgl2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgl2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorglq "BLAS_FUNC(dorglq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorglq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgql "BLAS_FUNC(dorgql)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgql(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgql(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgqr "BLAS_FUNC(dorgqr)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgqr(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dorgr2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgr2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgrq "BLAS_FUNC(dorgrq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgrq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorgtr "BLAS_FUNC(dorgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorgtr(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorgtr(uplo, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorm2l "BLAS_FUNC(dorm2l)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorm2l(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorm2r "BLAS_FUNC(dorm2r)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorm2r(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormbr "BLAS_FUNC(dormbr)"(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormbr(vect, side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormhr "BLAS_FUNC(dormhr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormhr(side, trans, m, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dorml2 "BLAS_FUNC(dorml2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dorml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dorml2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormlq "BLAS_FUNC(dormlq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormlq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormql "BLAS_FUNC(dormql)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormql(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormqr "BLAS_FUNC(dormqr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormqr(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormr2 "BLAS_FUNC(dormr2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormr2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormr3 "BLAS_FUNC(dormr3)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormr3(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormrq "BLAS_FUNC(dormrq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormrq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormrz "BLAS_FUNC(dormrz)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormrz(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dormtr "BLAS_FUNC(dormtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dormtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *c, int *ldc, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dormtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbcon "BLAS_FUNC(dpbcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbcon(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbequ "BLAS_FUNC(dpbequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbequ(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dpbrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbrfs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbstf "BLAS_FUNC(dpbstf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbstf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbsv "BLAS_FUNC(dpbsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbsv(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dpbsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbsvx(fact, uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dpbtf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbtf2(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpbtrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbtrf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(dpbtrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpbtrs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpftrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpftrf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpftrf(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpftri "BLAS_FUNC(dpftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpftri(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpftrs "BLAS_FUNC(dpftrs)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpftrs(transr, uplo, n, nrhs, a, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpocon "BLAS_FUNC(dpocon)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpocon(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpocon(uplo, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpoequ "BLAS_FUNC(dpoequ)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpoequ(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpoequ(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpoequb "BLAS_FUNC(dpoequb)"(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpoequb(int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpoequb(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dporfs "BLAS_FUNC(dporfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dporfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dposv "BLAS_FUNC(dposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dposvx "BLAS_FUNC(dposvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dposvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpotf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dpotf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpotf2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpotrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpotrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpotrf(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpotri "BLAS_FUNC(dpotri)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpotri(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpotri(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpotrs "BLAS_FUNC(dpotrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpotrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dppcon "BLAS_FUNC(dppcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dppcon(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dppcon(uplo, n, ap, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dppequ "BLAS_FUNC(dppequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void dppequ(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dppequ(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpprfs "BLAS_FUNC(dpprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dppsv "BLAS_FUNC(dppsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dppsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dppsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dppsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, char *equed, d *s, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dppsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpptrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpptrf(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpptri "BLAS_FUNC(dpptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpptri(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpptri(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpptrs "BLAS_FUNC(dpptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpstf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dpstf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpstf2(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpstrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpstrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpstrf(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dptcon "BLAS_FUNC(dptcon)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dptcon(int *n, d *d, d *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dptcon(n, d, e, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpteqr "BLAS_FUNC(dpteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dptrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dptrfs)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dptrfs(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dptrfs(n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dptsv "BLAS_FUNC(dptsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dptsv(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dptsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dptsvx)"(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *df, d *ef, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dptsvx(fact, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpttrf "BLAS_FUNC(dpttrf)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpttrf(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpttrf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dpttrs "BLAS_FUNC(dpttrs)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dpttrs(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dpttrs(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dptts2 "BLAS_FUNC(dptts2)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dptts2(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dptts2(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_drscl "BLAS_FUNC(drscl)"(int *n, d *sa, d *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void drscl(int *n, d *sa, d *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_drscl(n, sa, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbev "BLAS_FUNC(dsbev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbev(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbevd "BLAS_FUNC(dsbevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbevd(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbevx "BLAS_FUNC(dsbevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbgst "BLAS_FUNC(dsbgst)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbgst(vect, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, x, ldx, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbgv "BLAS_FUNC(dsbgv)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbgv(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbgvd "BLAS_FUNC(dsbgvd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbgvd(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbgvx "BLAS_FUNC(dsbgvx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, d *ab, int *ldab, d *bb, int *ldbb, d *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbgvx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsbtrd "BLAS_FUNC(dsbtrd)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsbtrd(vect, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsfrk "BLAS_FUNC(dsfrk)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c) nogil +cdef void dsfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, d *a, int *lda, d *beta, d *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsfrk(transr, uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsgesv "BLAS_FUNC(dsgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, work, swork, iter, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspcon "BLAS_FUNC(dspcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspcon(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspev "BLAS_FUNC(dspev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspev(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspevd "BLAS_FUNC(dspevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspevd(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspevx "BLAS_FUNC(dspevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspgst "BLAS_FUNC(dspgst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspgst(itype, uplo, n, ap, bp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspgv "BLAS_FUNC(dspgv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspgv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspgvd "BLAS_FUNC(dspgvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspgvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspgvx "BLAS_FUNC(dspgvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspgvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, bp, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsposv "BLAS_FUNC(dsposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *work, s *swork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, work, swork, iter, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsprfs "BLAS_FUNC(dsprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspsv "BLAS_FUNC(dspsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dspsvx "BLAS_FUNC(dspsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *afp, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dspsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsptrd "BLAS_FUNC(dsptrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsptrd(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsptrd(uplo, n, ap, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsptrf "BLAS_FUNC(dsptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsptrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsptri "BLAS_FUNC(dsptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsptri(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsptrs "BLAS_FUNC(dsptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstebz "BLAS_FUNC(dstebz)"(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, d *d, d *e, int *m, int *nsplit, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstebz(char *range, char *order, int *n, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, d *d, d *e, int *m, int *nsplit, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstebz(range, order, n, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, d, e, m, nsplit, w, iblock, isplit, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstedc "BLAS_FUNC(dstedc)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstedc(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstedc(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstegr "BLAS_FUNC(dstegr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstegr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstein "BLAS_FUNC(dstein)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstein(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstein(n, d, e, m, w, iblock, isplit, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstemr "BLAS_FUNC(dstemr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstemr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, m, w, z, ldz, nzc, isuppz, tryrac, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsteqr "BLAS_FUNC(dsteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsterf "BLAS_FUNC(dsterf)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsterf(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsterf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstev "BLAS_FUNC(dstev)"(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstev(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstev(jobz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstevd "BLAS_FUNC(dstevd)"(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstevd(char *jobz, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstevd(jobz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstevr "BLAS_FUNC(dstevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstevr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstevr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dstevx "BLAS_FUNC(dstevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dstevx(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dstevx(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsycon "BLAS_FUNC(dsycon)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsycon(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsycon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyconv "BLAS_FUNC(dsyconv)"(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyconv(uplo, way, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyequb "BLAS_FUNC(dsyequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyequb(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyev "BLAS_FUNC(dsyev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyev(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyevd "BLAS_FUNC(dsyevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyevd(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyevr "BLAS_FUNC(dsyevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyevr(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyevx "BLAS_FUNC(dsyevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsygs2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsygs2)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsygs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsygs2(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsygst "BLAS_FUNC(dsygst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsygst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsygst(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsygv "BLAS_FUNC(dsygv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsygv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsygv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsygvd "BLAS_FUNC(dsygvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsygvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *w, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsygvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsygvx "BLAS_FUNC(dsygvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsygvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, d *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsygvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dsyrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsysv "BLAS_FUNC(dsysv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsysv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsysvx "BLAS_FUNC(dsysvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsysvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsyswapr "BLAS_FUNC(dsyswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void dsyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsyswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytd2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsytd2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytd2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytd2(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytf2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsytf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytf2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytrd "BLAS_FUNC(dsytrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytrd(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytrd(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytrf "BLAS_FUNC(dsytrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytrf(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytri "BLAS_FUNC(dsytri)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytri(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytri2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsytri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytri2(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytri2x "BLAS_FUNC(dsytri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytrs "BLAS_FUNC(dsytrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dsytrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(dsytrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dsytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dsytrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtbcon "BLAS_FUNC(dtbcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, d *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtbcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, kd, ab, ldab, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dtbrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtbrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(dtbtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, d *ab, int *ldab, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtbtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtfsm "BLAS_FUNC(dtfsm)"(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, d *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void dtfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, d *alpha, d *a, d *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtfsm(transr, side, uplo, trans, diag, m, n, alpha, a, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtftri "BLAS_FUNC(dtftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtftri(transr, uplo, diag, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtfttp "BLAS_FUNC(dtfttp)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtfttp(transr, uplo, n, arf, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtfttr "BLAS_FUNC(dtfttr)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *arf, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtfttr(transr, uplo, n, arf, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgevc "BLAS_FUNC(dtgevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *s, int *lds, d *p, int *ldp, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *s, int *lds, d *p, int *ldp, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgevc(side, howmny, select, n, s, lds, p, ldp, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgex2 "BLAS_FUNC(dtgex2)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgex2(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, j1, n1, n2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgexc "BLAS_FUNC(dtgexc)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgexc(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, ifst, ilst, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgsen "BLAS_FUNC(dtgsen)"(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *alphar, d *alphai, d *beta, d *q, int *ldq, d *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgsen(ijob, wantq, wantz, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, m, pl, pr, dif, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgsja "BLAS_FUNC(dtgsja)"(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *ncycle, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, d *u, int *ldu, d *v, int *ldv, d *q, int *ldq, d *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgsja(jobu, jobv, jobq, m, p, n, k, l, a, lda, b, ldb, tola, tolb, alpha, beta, u, ldu, v, ldv, q, ldq, work, ncycle, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgsna "BLAS_FUNC(dtgsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgsna(job, howmny, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, dif, mm, m, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgsy2 "BLAS_FUNC(dtgsy2)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgsy2(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, rdsum, rdscal, iwork, pq, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtgsyl "BLAS_FUNC(dtgsyl)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *d, int *ldd, d *e, int *lde, d *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtgsyl(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, dif, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpcon "BLAS_FUNC(dtpcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpmqrt "BLAS_FUNC(dtpmqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpmqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, l, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpqrt "BLAS_FUNC(dtpqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpqrt(m, n, l, nb, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(dtpqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpqrt2(m, n, l, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtprfb "BLAS_FUNC(dtprfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void dtprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, d *v, int *ldv, d *t, int *ldt, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtprfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtprfs "BLAS_FUNC(dtprfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtprfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtptri "BLAS_FUNC(dtptri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtptri(uplo, diag, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtptrs "BLAS_FUNC(dtptrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *ap, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtptrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpttf "BLAS_FUNC(dtpttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpttf(transr, uplo, n, ap, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtpttr "BLAS_FUNC(dtpttr)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtpttr(char *uplo, int *n, d *ap, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtpttr(uplo, n, ap, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrcon "BLAS_FUNC(dtrcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *rcond, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, a, lda, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrevc "BLAS_FUNC(dtrevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrevc(side, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrexc "BLAS_FUNC(dtrexc)"(char *compq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrexc(char *compq, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrexc(compq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, ifst, ilst, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrrfs "BLAS_FUNC(dtrrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrsen "BLAS_FUNC(dtrsen)"(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, d *wr, d *wi, int *m, d *s, d *sep, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *q, int *ldq, d *wr, d *wi, int *m, d *s, d *sep, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrsen(job, compq, select, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, wr, wi, m, s, sep, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrsna "BLAS_FUNC(dtrsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, d *t, int *ldt, d *vl, int *ldvl, d *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, d *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrsna(job, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, sep, mm, m, work, ldwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrsyl "BLAS_FUNC(dtrsyl)"(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, d *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrsyl(trana, tranb, isgn, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrti2 "BLAS_FUNC(dtrti2)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrti2(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrtri "BLAS_FUNC(dtrtri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrtri(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrtrs "BLAS_FUNC(dtrtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, d *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrttf "BLAS_FUNC(dtrttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrttf(transr, uplo, n, a, lda, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtrttp "BLAS_FUNC(dtrttp)"(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtrttp(char *uplo, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtrttp(uplo, n, a, lda, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_dtzrzf "BLAS_FUNC(dtzrzf)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void dtzrzf(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, d *tau, d *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_dtzrzf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_dzsum1 "BLAS_FUNC(dzsum1)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef d dzsum1(int *n, z *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_dzsum1(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_icmax1 "BLAS_FUNC(icmax1)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int icmax1(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_icmax1(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ieeeck "BLAS_FUNC(ieeeck)"(int *ispec, s *zero, s *one) nogil +cdef int ieeeck(int *ispec, s *zero, s *one) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ieeeck(ispec, zero, one) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilaclc "BLAS_FUNC(ilaclc)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilaclc(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilaclc(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilaclr "BLAS_FUNC(ilaclr)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex64 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilaclr(int *m, int *n, c *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilaclr(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_iladiag "BLAS_FUNC(iladiag)"(char *diag) nogil +cdef int iladiag(char *diag) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_iladiag(diag) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_iladlc "BLAS_FUNC(iladlc)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int iladlc(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_iladlc(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_iladlr "BLAS_FUNC(iladlr)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int iladlr(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_iladlr(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilaprec "BLAS_FUNC(ilaprec)"(char *prec) nogil +cdef int ilaprec(char *prec) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilaprec(prec) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilaslc "BLAS_FUNC(ilaslc)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilaslc(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilaslc(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilaslr "BLAS_FUNC(ilaslr)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilaslr(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilaslr(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilatrans "BLAS_FUNC(ilatrans)"(char *trans) nogil +cdef int ilatrans(char *trans) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilatrans(trans) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilauplo "BLAS_FUNC(ilauplo)"(char *uplo) nogil +cdef int ilauplo(char *uplo) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilauplo(uplo) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ilaver "BLAS_FUNC(ilaver)"(int *vers_major, int *vers_minor, int *vers_patch) nogil +cdef void ilaver(int *vers_major, int *vers_minor, int *vers_patch) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ilaver(vers_major, vers_minor, vers_patch) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilazlc "BLAS_FUNC(ilazlc)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilazlc(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilazlc(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_ilazlr "BLAS_FUNC(ilazlr)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef int ilazlr(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_ilazlr(m, n, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + int _fortran_izmax1 "BLAS_FUNC(izmax1)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef int izmax1(int *n, z *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_izmax1(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sbbcsd "BLAS_FUNC(sbbcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *theta, s *phi, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *b11d, s *b11e, s *b12d, s *b12e, s *b21d, s *b21e, s *b22d, s *b22e, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sbbcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, m, p, q, theta, phi, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, b11d, b11e, b12d, b12e, b21d, b21e, b22d, b22e, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sbdsdc "BLAS_FUNC(sbdsdc)"(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *q, int *iq, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sbdsdc(char *uplo, char *compq, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *q, int *iq, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sbdsdc(uplo, compq, n, d, e, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, q, iq, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sbdsqr "BLAS_FUNC(sbdsqr)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sbdsqr(uplo, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_scsum1 "BLAS_FUNC(scsum1)"(int *n, npy_complex64 *cx, int *incx) nogil +cdef s scsum1(int *n, c *cx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_scsum1(n, cx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sdisna "BLAS_FUNC(sdisna)"(char *job, int *m, int *n, s *d, s *sep, int *info) nogil +cdef void sdisna(char *job, int *m, int *n, s *d, s *sep, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sdisna(job, m, n, d, sep, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbbrd "BLAS_FUNC(sgbbrd)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *pt, int *ldpt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *pt, int *ldpt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbbrd(vect, m, n, ncc, kl, ku, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, pt, ldpt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbcon "BLAS_FUNC(sgbcon)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbcon(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbequ "BLAS_FUNC(sgbequ)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbequ(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbequb "BLAS_FUNC(sgbequb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbequb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(sgbrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbrfs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbsv "BLAS_FUNC(sgbsv)"(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbsv(n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(sgbsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbsvx(fact, trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgbtf2)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbtf2(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(sgbtrf)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbtrf(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(sgbtrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgbtrs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgebak "BLAS_FUNC(sgebak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgebak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, scale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgebal "BLAS_FUNC(sgebal)"(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgebal(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgebal(job, n, a, lda, ilo, ihi, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgebd2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgebd2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgebd2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgebd2(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgebrd "BLAS_FUNC(sgebrd)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgebrd(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgebrd(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgecon "BLAS_FUNC(sgecon)"(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgecon(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgecon(norm, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeequ "BLAS_FUNC(sgeequ)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeequ(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeequ(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeequb "BLAS_FUNC(sgeequb)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeequb(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeequb(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgees "BLAS_FUNC(sgees)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _sselect2 *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, sselect2 *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgees(jobvs, sort, <_sselect2*>select, n, a, lda, sdim, wr, wi, vs, ldvs, work, lwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeesx "BLAS_FUNC(sgeesx)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _sselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, sselect2 *select, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *sdim, s *wr, s *wi, s *vs, int *ldvs, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeesx(jobvs, sort, <_sselect2*>select, sense, n, a, lda, sdim, wr, wi, vs, ldvs, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeev "BLAS_FUNC(sgeev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeevx "BLAS_FUNC(sgeevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *scale, s *abnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, scale, abnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgehd2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgehd2)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgehd2(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgehrd "BLAS_FUNC(sgehrd)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgehrd(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgejsv "BLAS_FUNC(sgejsv)"(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgejsv(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobr, char *jobt, char *jobp, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgejsv(joba, jobu, jobv, jobr, jobt, jobp, m, n, a, lda, sva, u, ldu, v, ldv, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgelq2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgelq2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgelq2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgelq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgelqf "BLAS_FUNC(sgelqf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgelqf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgelqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgels "BLAS_FUNC(sgels)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgels(trans, m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgelsd "BLAS_FUNC(sgelsd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgelsd(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgelss "BLAS_FUNC(sgelss)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *s, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgelss(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgelsy "BLAS_FUNC(sgelsy)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgelsy(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, jpvt, rcond, rank, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgemqrt "BLAS_FUNC(sgemqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgemqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeql2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgeql2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeql2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeql2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqlf "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqlf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqlf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqlf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqp3 "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqp3)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqp3(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqp3(m, n, a, lda, jpvt, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqr2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqr2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqr2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqr2p "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqr2p)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqr2p(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqrf "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqrf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqrf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqrfp "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrfp)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqrfp(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqrt "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqrt(m, n, nb, a, lda, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqrt2(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgeqrt3 "BLAS_FUNC(sgeqrt3)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgeqrt3(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgerfs "BLAS_FUNC(sgerfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgerfs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgerq2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgerq2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgerq2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgerq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgerqf "BLAS_FUNC(sgerqf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgerqf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgerqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesc2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgesc2)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) nogil +cdef void sgesc2(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, s *scale) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesc2(n, a, lda, rhs, ipiv, jpiv, scale) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesdd "BLAS_FUNC(sgesdd)"(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesdd(jobz, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesv "BLAS_FUNC(sgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesvd "BLAS_FUNC(sgesvd)"(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesvd(jobu, jobvt, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesvj "BLAS_FUNC(sgesvj)"(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgesvj(char *joba, char *jobu, char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesvj(joba, jobu, jobv, m, n, a, lda, sva, mv, v, ldv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgesvx "BLAS_FUNC(sgesvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, s *r, s *c, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgesvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgetc2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgetc2)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgetc2(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgetc2(n, a, lda, ipiv, jpiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgetf2)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgetf2(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgetf2(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgetrf "BLAS_FUNC(sgetrf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgetrf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgetrf(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgetri "BLAS_FUNC(sgetri)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgetri(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgetri(n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgetrs "BLAS_FUNC(sgetrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgetrs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggbak "BLAS_FUNC(sggbak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, int *m, s *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggbak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggbal "BLAS_FUNC(sggbal)"(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggbal(char *job, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggbal(job, n, a, lda, b, ldb, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgges "BLAS_FUNC(sgges)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _sselect3 *selctg, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, sselect3 *selctg, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *work, int *lwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgges(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_sselect3*>selctg, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alphar, alphai, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, work, lwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggesx "BLAS_FUNC(sggesx)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _sselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, sselect3 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vsl, int *ldvsl, s *vsr, int *ldvsr, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggesx(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_sselect3*>selctg, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alphar, alphai, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggev "BLAS_FUNC(sggev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggevx "BLAS_FUNC(sggevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *lscale, s *rscale, s *abnrm, s *bbnrm, s *rconde, s *rcondv, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, abnrm, bbnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, iwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggglm "BLAS_FUNC(sggglm)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *d, s *x, s *y, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *d, s *x, s *y, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggglm(n, m, p, a, lda, b, ldb, d, x, y, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgghrd "BLAS_FUNC(sgghrd)"(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgghrd(compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgglse "BLAS_FUNC(sgglse)"(int *m, int *n, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, s *d, s *x, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, s *d, s *x, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgglse(m, n, p, a, lda, b, ldb, c, d, x, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggqrf "BLAS_FUNC(sggqrf)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggqrf(n, m, p, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sggrqf "BLAS_FUNC(sggrqf)"(int *m, int *p, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *taua, s *b, int *ldb, s *taub, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sggrqf(m, p, n, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgsvj0 "BLAS_FUNC(sgsvj0)"(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgsvj0(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgsvj0(jobv, m, n, a, lda, d, sva, mv, v, ldv, eps, sfmin, tol, nsweep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgsvj1 "BLAS_FUNC(sgsvj1)"(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgsvj1(char *jobv, int *m, int *n, int *n1, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *sva, int *mv, s *v, int *ldv, s *eps, s *sfmin, s *tol, int *nsweep, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgsvj1(jobv, m, n, n1, a, lda, d, sva, mv, v, ldv, eps, sfmin, tol, nsweep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgtcon "BLAS_FUNC(sgtcon)"(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgtcon(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgtcon(norm, n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgtrfs "BLAS_FUNC(sgtrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgtrfs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgtsv "BLAS_FUNC(sgtsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgtsv(n, nrhs, dl, d, du, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgtsvx "BLAS_FUNC(sgtsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *dlf, s *df, s *duf, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgtsvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgttrf "BLAS_FUNC(sgttrf)"(int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgttrf(int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgttrf(n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgttrs "BLAS_FUNC(sgttrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgttrs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sgtts2 "BLAS_FUNC(sgtts2)"(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void sgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *du2, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sgtts2(itrans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_shgeqz "BLAS_FUNC(shgeqz)"(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *t, int *ldt, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void shgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *t, int *ldt, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_shgeqz(job, compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, t, ldt, alphar, alphai, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_shsein "BLAS_FUNC(shsein)"(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) nogil +cdef void shsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_shsein(side, eigsrc, initv, select, n, h, ldh, wr, wi, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, ifaill, ifailr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_shseqr "BLAS_FUNC(shseqr)"(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void shseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_shseqr(job, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slabad "BLAS_FUNC(slabad)"(s *small, s *large) nogil +cdef void slabad(s *small, s *large) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slabad(small, large) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slabrd "BLAS_FUNC(slabrd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *x, int *ldx, s *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void slabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tauq, s *taup, s *x, int *ldx, s *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slabrd(m, n, nb, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, x, ldx, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slacn2 "BLAS_FUNC(slacn2)"(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) nogil +cdef void slacn2(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slacn2(n, v, x, isgn, est, kase, isave) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slacon "BLAS_FUNC(slacon)"(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase) nogil +cdef void slacon(int *n, s *v, s *x, int *isgn, s *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slacon(n, v, x, isgn, est, kase) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slacpy "BLAS_FUNC(slacpy)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void slacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slacpy(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sladiv "BLAS_FUNC(sladiv)"(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *p, s *q) nogil +cdef void sladiv(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *p, s *q) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sladiv(a, b, c, d, p, q) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slae2 "BLAS_FUNC(slae2)"(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2) nogil +cdef void slae2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slae2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaebz "BLAS_FUNC(slaebz)"(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, s *abstol, s *reltol, s *pivmin, s *d, s *e, s *e2, int *nval, s *ab, s *c, int *mout, int *nab, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaebz(int *ijob, int *nitmax, int *n, int *mmax, int *minp, int *nbmin, s *abstol, s *reltol, s *pivmin, s *d, s *e, s *e2, int *nval, s *ab, s *c, int *mout, int *nab, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaebz(ijob, nitmax, n, mmax, minp, nbmin, abstol, reltol, pivmin, d, e, e2, nval, ab, c, mout, nab, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed0 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed0)"(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *qstore, int *ldqs, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed0(int *icompq, int *qsiz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *qstore, int *ldqs, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed0(icompq, qsiz, n, d, e, q, ldq, qstore, ldqs, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed1 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed1)"(int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed1(int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed1(n, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed2 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed2)"(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, s *z, s *dlamda, s *w, s *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed2(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, s *z, s *dlamda, s *w, s *q2, int *indx, int *indxc, int *indxp, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed2(k, n, n1, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, z, dlamda, w, q2, indx, indxc, indxp, coltyp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed3 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed3)"(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, s *w, s *s, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed3(int *k, int *n, int *n1, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *indx, int *ctot, s *w, s *s, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed3(k, n, n1, d, q, ldq, rho, dlamda, q2, indx, ctot, w, s, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed4 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed4)"(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed4(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed4(n, i, d, z, delta, rho, dlam, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed5 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed5)"(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam) nogil +cdef void slaed5(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dlam) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed5(i, d, z, delta, rho, dlam) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed6 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed6)"(int *kniter, bint *orgati, s *rho, s *d, s *z, s *finit, s *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed6(int *kniter, bint *orgati, s *rho, s *d, s *z, s *finit, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed6(kniter, orgati, rho, d, z, finit, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed7 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed7)"(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed7(int *icompq, int *n, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed7(icompq, n, qsiz, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, qstore, qptr, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed8 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed8)"(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed8(int *icompq, int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, int *indxq, s *rho, int *cutpnt, s *z, s *dlamda, s *q2, int *ldq2, s *w, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, int *indxp, int *indx, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed8(icompq, k, n, qsiz, d, q, ldq, indxq, rho, cutpnt, z, dlamda, q2, ldq2, w, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, indxp, indx, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaed9 "BLAS_FUNC(slaed9)"(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *w, s *s, int *lds, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaed9(int *k, int *kstart, int *kstop, int *n, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *rho, s *dlamda, s *w, s *s, int *lds, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaed9(k, kstart, kstop, n, d, q, ldq, rho, dlamda, w, s, lds, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaeda "BLAS_FUNC(slaeda)"(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *q, int *qptr, s *z, s *ztemp, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaeda(int *n, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, s *givnum, s *q, int *qptr, s *z, s *ztemp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaeda(n, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, q, qptr, z, ztemp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaein "BLAS_FUNC(slaein)"(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vr, s *vi, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, s *eps3, s *smlnum, s *bignum, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, s *vr, s *vi, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, s *eps3, s *smlnum, s *bignum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaein(rightv, noinit, n, h, ldh, wr, wi, vr, vi, b, ldb, work, eps3, smlnum, bignum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaev2 "BLAS_FUNC(slaev2)"(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, s *sn1) nogil +cdef void slaev2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *rt1, s *rt2, s *cs1, s *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaev2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaexc "BLAS_FUNC(slaexc)"(bint *wantq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaexc(bint *wantq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaexc(wantq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, j1, n1, n2, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slag2 "BLAS_FUNC(slag2)"(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *safmin, s *scale1, s *scale2, s *wr1, s *wr2, s *wi) nogil +cdef void slag2(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *safmin, s *scale1, s *scale2, s *wr1, s *wr2, s *wi) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slag2(a, lda, b, ldb, safmin, scale1, scale2, wr1, wr2, wi) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slag2d "BLAS_FUNC(slag2d)"(int *m, int *n, s *sa, int *ldsa, d *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void slag2d(int *m, int *n, s *sa, int *ldsa, d *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slag2d(m, n, sa, ldsa, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slags2 "BLAS_FUNC(slags2)"(bint *upper, s *a1, s *a2, s *a3, s *b1, s *b2, s *b3, s *csu, s *snu, s *csv, s *snv, s *csq, s *snq) nogil +cdef void slags2(bint *upper, s *a1, s *a2, s *a3, s *b1, s *b2, s *b3, s *csu, s *snu, s *csv, s *snv, s *csq, s *snq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slags2(upper, a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, b3, csu, snu, csv, snv, csq, snq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slagtf "BLAS_FUNC(slagtf)"(int *n, s *a, s *lambda_, s *b, s *c, s *tol, s *d, int *in_, int *info) nogil +cdef void slagtf(int *n, s *a, s *lambda_, s *b, s *c, s *tol, s *d, int *in_, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slagtf(n, a, lambda_, b, c, tol, d, in_, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slagtm "BLAS_FUNC(slagtm)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *x, int *ldx, s *beta, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void slagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, s *alpha, s *dl, s *d, s *du, s *x, int *ldx, s *beta, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slagtm(trans, n, nrhs, alpha, dl, d, du, x, ldx, beta, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slagts "BLAS_FUNC(slagts)"(int *job, int *n, s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, int *in_, s *y, s *tol, int *info) nogil +cdef void slagts(int *job, int *n, s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, int *in_, s *y, s *tol, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slagts(job, n, a, b, c, d, in_, y, tol, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slagv2 "BLAS_FUNC(slagv2)"(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *csl, s *snl, s *csr, s *snr) nogil +cdef void slagv2(s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *csl, s *snl, s *csr, s *snr) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slagv2(a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, csl, snl, csr, snr) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slahqr "BLAS_FUNC(slahqr)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void slahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slahqr(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slahr2 "BLAS_FUNC(slahr2)"(int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt, s *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void slahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt, s *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slahr2(n, k, nb, a, lda, tau, t, ldt, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaic1 "BLAS_FUNC(slaic1)"(int *job, int *j, s *x, s *sest, s *w, s *gamma, s *sestpr, s *s, s *c) nogil +cdef void slaic1(int *job, int *j, s *x, s *sest, s *w, s *gamma, s *sestpr, s *s, s *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaic1(job, j, x, sest, w, gamma, sestpr, s, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaln2 "BLAS_FUNC(slaln2)"(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, s *smin, s *ca, s *a, int *lda, s *d1, s *d2, s *b, int *ldb, s *wr, s *wi, s *x, int *ldx, s *scale, s *xnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaln2(bint *ltrans, int *na, int *nw, s *smin, s *ca, s *a, int *lda, s *d1, s *d2, s *b, int *ldb, s *wr, s *wi, s *x, int *ldx, s *scale, s *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaln2(ltrans, na, nw, smin, ca, a, lda, d1, d2, b, ldb, wr, wi, x, ldx, scale, xnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slals0 "BLAS_FUNC(slals0)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slals0(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slalsa "BLAS_FUNC(slalsa)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *b, int *ldb, s *bx, int *ldbx, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slalsa(icompq, smlsiz, n, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slalsd "BLAS_FUNC(slalsd)"(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, s *rcond, int *rank, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slalsd(uplo, smlsiz, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, rcond, rank, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slamch "BLAS_FUNC(slamch)"(char *cmach) nogil +cdef s slamch(char *cmach) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slamch(cmach) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slamrg "BLAS_FUNC(slamrg)"(int *n1, int *n2, s *a, int *strd1, int *strd2, int *index_bn) nogil +cdef void slamrg(int *n1, int *n2, s *a, int *strd1, int *strd2, int *index_bn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slamrg(n1, n2, a, strd1, strd2, index_bn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slangb "BLAS_FUNC(slangb)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s slangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slangb(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slange "BLAS_FUNC(slange)"(char *norm, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s slange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slange(norm, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slangt "BLAS_FUNC(slangt)"(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du) nogil +cdef s slangt(char *norm, int *n, s *dl, s *d, s *du) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slangt(norm, n, dl, d, du) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slanhs "BLAS_FUNC(slanhs)"(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s slanhs(char *norm, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slanhs(norm, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slansb "BLAS_FUNC(slansb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s slansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slansb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slansf "BLAS_FUNC(slansf)"(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, s *work) nogil +cdef s slansf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slansf(norm, transr, uplo, n, a, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slansp "BLAS_FUNC(slansp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *work) nogil +cdef s slansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slansp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slanst "BLAS_FUNC(slanst)"(char *norm, int *n, s *d, s *e) nogil +cdef s slanst(char *norm, int *n, s *d, s *e) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slanst(norm, n, d, e) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slansy "BLAS_FUNC(slansy)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s slansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slansy(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slantb "BLAS_FUNC(slantb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) nogil +cdef s slantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, s *ab, int *ldab, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slantb(norm, uplo, diag, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slantp "BLAS_FUNC(slantp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *work) nogil +cdef s slantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slantp(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slantr "BLAS_FUNC(slantr)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) nogil +cdef s slantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slantr(norm, uplo, diag, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slanv2 "BLAS_FUNC(slanv2)"(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *rt1r, s *rt1i, s *rt2r, s *rt2i, s *cs, s *sn) nogil +cdef void slanv2(s *a, s *b, s *c, s *d, s *rt1r, s *rt1i, s *rt2r, s *rt2i, s *cs, s *sn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slanv2(a, b, c, d, rt1r, rt1i, rt2r, rt2i, cs, sn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slapll "BLAS_FUNC(slapll)"(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) nogil +cdef void slapll(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *ssmin) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slapll(n, x, incx, y, incy, ssmin) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slapmr "BLAS_FUNC(slapmr)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void slapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slapmr(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slapmt "BLAS_FUNC(slapmt)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void slapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, s *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slapmt(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slapy2 "BLAS_FUNC(slapy2)"(s *x, s *y) nogil +cdef s slapy2(s *x, s *y) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slapy2(x, y) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + s _fortran_slapy3 "BLAS_FUNC(slapy3)"(s *x, s *y, s *z) nogil +cdef s slapy3(s *x, s *y, s *z) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_slapy3(x, y, z) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqgb "BLAS_FUNC(slaqgb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void slaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, s *ab, int *ldab, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqgb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqge "BLAS_FUNC(slaqge)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void slaqge(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *r, s *c, s *rowcnd, s *colcnd, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqge(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqp2 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqp2)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *work) nogil +cdef void slaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqp2(m, n, offset, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqps "BLAS_FUNC(slaqps)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *auxv, s *f, int *ldf) nogil +cdef void slaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, s *tau, s *vn1, s *vn2, s *auxv, s *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqps(m, n, offset, nb, kb, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, auxv, f, ldf) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr0 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr0)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr0(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr1 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr1)"(int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *sr1, s *si1, s *sr2, s *si2, s *v) nogil +cdef void slaqr1(int *n, s *h, int *ldh, s *sr1, s *si1, s *sr2, s *si2, s *v) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr1(n, h, ldh, sr1, si1, sr2, si2, v) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr2)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void slaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr2(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sr, si, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr3 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr3)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void slaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, s *sr, s *si, s *v, int *ldv, int *nh, s *t, int *ldt, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, s *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr3(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sr, si, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr4 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr4)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *h, int *ldh, s *wr, s *wi, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr4(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, wr, wi, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqr5 "BLAS_FUNC(slaqr5)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, s *sr, s *si, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *v, int *ldv, s *u, int *ldu, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, s *wh, int *ldwh) nogil +cdef void slaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, s *sr, s *si, s *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, s *z, int *ldz, s *v, int *ldv, s *u, int *ldu, int *nv, s *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, s *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqr5(wantt, wantz, kacc22, n, ktop, kbot, nshfts, sr, si, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, v, ldv, u, ldu, nv, wv, ldwv, nh, wh, ldwh) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqsb "BLAS_FUNC(slaqsb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void slaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqsb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqsp "BLAS_FUNC(slaqsp)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void slaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqsp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqsy "BLAS_FUNC(slaqsy)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void slaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqsy(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaqtr "BLAS_FUNC(slaqtr)"(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *b, s *w, s *scale, s *x, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slaqtr(bint *ltran, bint *lreal, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *b, s *w, s *scale, s *x, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaqtr(ltran, lreal, n, t, ldt, b, w, scale, x, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slar1v "BLAS_FUNC(slar1v)"(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, s *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) nogil +cdef void slar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, s *lambda_, s *d, s *l, s *ld, s *lld, s *pivmin, s *gaptol, s *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, s *ztz, s *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, s *nrminv, s *resid, s *rqcorr, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slar1v(n, b1, bn, lambda_, d, l, ld, lld, pivmin, gaptol, z, wantnc, negcnt, ztz, mingma, r, isuppz, nrminv, resid, rqcorr, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slar2v "BLAS_FUNC(slar2v)"(int *n, s *x, s *y, s *z, int *incx, s *c, s *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void slar2v(int *n, s *x, s *y, s *z, int *incx, s *c, s *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slar2v(n, x, y, z, incx, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarf "BLAS_FUNC(slarf)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) nogil +cdef void slarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarf(side, m, n, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarfb "BLAS_FUNC(slarfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void slarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarfg "BLAS_FUNC(slarfg)"(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) nogil +cdef void slarfg(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarfg(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarfgp "BLAS_FUNC(slarfgp)"(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) nogil +cdef void slarfgp(int *n, s *alpha, s *x, int *incx, s *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarfgp(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarft "BLAS_FUNC(slarft)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void slarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarft(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarfx "BLAS_FUNC(slarfx)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) nogil +cdef void slarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, s *v, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarfx(side, m, n, v, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slargv "BLAS_FUNC(slargv)"(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) nogil +cdef void slargv(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slargv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarnv "BLAS_FUNC(slarnv)"(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, s *x) nogil +cdef void slarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, s *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarnv(idist, iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarra "BLAS_FUNC(slarra)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *spltol, s *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarra(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *spltol, s *tnrm, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarra(n, d, e, e2, spltol, tnrm, nsplit, isplit, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrb "BLAS_FUNC(slarrb)"(int *n, s *d, s *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, int *offset, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrb(int *n, s *d, s *lld, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, int *offset, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *twist, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrb(n, d, lld, ifirst, ilast, rtol1, rtol2, offset, w, wgap, werr, work, iwork, pivmin, spdiam, twist, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrc "BLAS_FUNC(slarrc)"(char *jobt, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *e, s *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrc(char *jobt, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *e, s *pivmin, int *eigcnt, int *lcnt, int *rcnt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrc(jobt, n, vl, vu, d, e, pivmin, eigcnt, lcnt, rcnt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrd "BLAS_FUNC(slarrd)"(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *gers, s *reltol, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wl, s *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrd(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *gers, s *reltol, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *pivmin, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wl, s *wu, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrd(range, order, n, vl, vu, il, iu, gers, reltol, d, e, e2, pivmin, nsplit, isplit, m, w, werr, wl, wu, iblock, indexw, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarre "BLAS_FUNC(slarre)"(char *range, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *pivmin, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarre(char *range, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *d, s *e, s *e2, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *spltol, int *nsplit, int *isplit, int *m, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *pivmin, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarre(range, n, vl, vu, il, iu, d, e, e2, rtol1, rtol2, spltol, nsplit, isplit, m, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, pivmin, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrf "BLAS_FUNC(slarrf)"(int *n, s *d, s *l, s *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *spdiam, s *clgapl, s *clgapr, s *pivmin, s *sigma, s *dplus, s *lplus, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrf(int *n, s *d, s *l, s *ld, int *clstrt, int *clend, s *w, s *wgap, s *werr, s *spdiam, s *clgapl, s *clgapr, s *pivmin, s *sigma, s *dplus, s *lplus, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrf(n, d, l, ld, clstrt, clend, w, wgap, werr, spdiam, clgapl, clgapr, pivmin, sigma, dplus, lplus, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrj "BLAS_FUNC(slarrj)"(int *n, s *d, s *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol, int *offset, s *w, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrj(int *n, s *d, s *e2, int *ifirst, int *ilast, s *rtol, int *offset, s *w, s *werr, s *work, int *iwork, s *pivmin, s *spdiam, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrj(n, d, e2, ifirst, ilast, rtol, offset, w, werr, work, iwork, pivmin, spdiam, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrk "BLAS_FUNC(slarrk)"(int *n, int *iw, s *gl, s *gu, s *d, s *e2, s *pivmin, s *reltol, s *w, s *werr, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrk(int *n, int *iw, s *gl, s *gu, s *d, s *e2, s *pivmin, s *reltol, s *w, s *werr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrk(n, iw, gl, gu, d, e2, pivmin, reltol, w, werr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrr "BLAS_FUNC(slarrr)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrr(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrr(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarrv "BLAS_FUNC(slarrv)"(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slarrv(int *n, s *vl, s *vu, s *d, s *l, s *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, s *minrgp, s *rtol1, s *rtol2, s *w, s *werr, s *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, s *gers, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarrv(n, vl, vu, d, l, pivmin, isplit, m, dol, dou, minrgp, rtol1, rtol2, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, z, ldz, isuppz, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slartg "BLAS_FUNC(slartg)"(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) nogil +cdef void slartg(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slartg(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slartgp "BLAS_FUNC(slartgp)"(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) nogil +cdef void slartgp(s *f, s *g, s *cs, s *sn, s *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slartgp(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slartgs "BLAS_FUNC(slartgs)"(s *x, s *y, s *sigma, s *cs, s *sn) nogil +cdef void slartgs(s *x, s *y, s *sigma, s *cs, s *sn) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slartgs(x, y, sigma, cs, sn) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slartv "BLAS_FUNC(slartv)"(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, s *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void slartv(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *y, int *incy, s *c, s *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slartv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaruv "BLAS_FUNC(slaruv)"(int *iseed, int *n, s *x) nogil +cdef void slaruv(int *iseed, int *n, s *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaruv(iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarz "BLAS_FUNC(slarz)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) nogil +cdef void slarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, s *v, int *incv, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarz(side, m, n, l, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarzb "BLAS_FUNC(slarzb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void slarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarzb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slarzt "BLAS_FUNC(slarzt)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void slarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, s *v, int *ldv, s *tau, s *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slarzt(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slas2 "BLAS_FUNC(slas2)"(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax) nogil +cdef void slas2(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slas2(f, g, h, ssmin, ssmax) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slascl "BLAS_FUNC(slascl)"(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void slascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, s *cfrom, s *cto, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slascl(type_bn, kl, ku, cfrom, cto, m, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd0 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd0)"(int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd0(int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *smlsiz, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd0(n, sqre, d, e, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, smlsiz, iwork, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd1 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd1)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd1(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, int *idxq, int *iwork, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd1(nl, nr, sqre, d, alpha, beta, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, idxq, iwork, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd2 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd2)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *dsigma, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd2(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *dsigma, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxp, int *idx, int *idxc, int *idxq, int *coltyp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd2(nl, nr, sqre, k, d, z, alpha, beta, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, dsigma, u2, ldu2, vt2, ldvt2, idxp, idx, idxc, idxq, coltyp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd3 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd3)"(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *dsigma, s *u, int *ldu, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, s *z, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd3(int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *q, int *ldq, s *dsigma, s *u, int *ldu, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *vt2, int *ldvt2, int *idxc, int *ctot, s *z, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd3(nl, nr, sqre, k, d, q, ldq, dsigma, u, ldu, u2, ldu2, vt, ldvt, vt2, ldvt2, idxc, ctot, z, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd4 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd4)"(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *sigma, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd4(int *n, int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *sigma, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd4(n, i, d, z, delta, rho, sigma, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd5 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd5)"(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dsigma, s *work) nogil +cdef void slasd5(int *i, s *d, s *z, s *delta, s *rho, s *dsigma, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd5(i, d, z, delta, rho, dsigma, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd6 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd6)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *vf, s *vl, s *alpha, s *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd6(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, s *d, s *vf, s *vl, s *alpha, s *beta, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *poles, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, int *k, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd6(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, d, vf, vl, alpha, beta, idxq, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd7 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd7)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *zw, s *vf, s *vfw, s *vl, s *vlw, s *alpha, s *beta, s *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *c, s *s, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd7(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *zw, s *vf, s *vfw, s *vl, s *vlw, s *alpha, s *beta, s *dsigma, int *idx, int *idxp, int *idxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, s *givnum, int *ldgnum, s *c, s *s, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd7(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, k, d, z, zw, vf, vfw, vl, vlw, alpha, beta, dsigma, idx, idxp, idxq, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, c, s, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasd8 "BLAS_FUNC(slasd8)"(int *icompq, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *vf, s *vl, s *difl, s *difr, int *lddifr, s *dsigma, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasd8(int *icompq, int *k, s *d, s *z, s *vf, s *vl, s *difl, s *difr, int *lddifr, s *dsigma, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasd8(icompq, k, d, z, vf, vl, difl, difr, lddifr, dsigma, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasda "BLAS_FUNC(slasda)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasda(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *sqre, s *d, s *e, s *u, int *ldu, s *vt, int *k, s *difl, s *difr, s *z, s *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, s *givnum, s *c, s *s, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasda(icompq, smlsiz, n, sqre, d, e, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasdq "BLAS_FUNC(slasdq)"(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasdq(char *uplo, int *sqre, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, s *d, s *e, s *vt, int *ldvt, s *u, int *ldu, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasdq(uplo, sqre, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasdt "BLAS_FUNC(slasdt)"(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) nogil +cdef void slasdt(int *n, int *lvl, int *nd, int *inode, int *ndiml, int *ndimr, int *msub) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasdt(n, lvl, nd, inode, ndiml, ndimr, msub) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaset "BLAS_FUNC(slaset)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *beta, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void slaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *beta, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaset(uplo, m, n, alpha, beta, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasq1 "BLAS_FUNC(slasq1)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasq1(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasq1(n, d, e, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasq2 "BLAS_FUNC(slasq2)"(int *n, s *z, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasq2(int *n, s *z, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasq2(n, z, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasq3 "BLAS_FUNC(slasq3)"(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *sigma, s *desig, s *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *g, s *tau) nogil +cdef void slasq3(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *sigma, s *desig, s *qmax, int *nfail, int *iter, int *ndiv, bint *ieee, int *ttype, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *g, s *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasq3(i0, n0, z, pp, dmin, sigma, desig, qmax, nfail, iter, ndiv, ieee, ttype, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dn1, dn2, g, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasq4 "BLAS_FUNC(slasq4)"(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, int *n0in, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *tau, int *ttype, s *g) nogil +cdef void slasq4(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, int *n0in, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dn1, s *dn2, s *tau, int *ttype, s *g) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasq4(i0, n0, z, pp, n0in, dmin, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dn1, dn2, tau, ttype, g) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasq6 "BLAS_FUNC(slasq6)"(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dnm1, s *dnm2) nogil +cdef void slasq6(int *i0, int *n0, s *z, int *pp, s *dmin, s *dmin1, s *dmin2, s *dn, s *dnm1, s *dnm2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasq6(i0, n0, z, pp, dmin, dmin1, dmin2, dn, dnm1, dnm2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasr "BLAS_FUNC(slasr)"(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, s *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void slasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, s *c, s *s, s *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasr(side, pivot, direct, m, n, c, s, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasrt "BLAS_FUNC(slasrt)"(char *id, int *n, s *d, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasrt(char *id, int *n, s *d, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasrt(id, n, d, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slassq "BLAS_FUNC(slassq)"(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) nogil +cdef void slassq(int *n, s *x, int *incx, s *scale, s *sumsq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slassq(n, x, incx, scale, sumsq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasv2 "BLAS_FUNC(slasv2)"(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax, s *snr, s *csr, s *snl, s *csl) nogil +cdef void slasv2(s *f, s *g, s *h, s *ssmin, s *ssmax, s *snr, s *csr, s *snl, s *csl) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasv2(f, g, h, ssmin, ssmax, snr, csr, snl, csl) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slaswp "BLAS_FUNC(slaswp)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) nogil +cdef void slaswp(int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slaswp(n, a, lda, k1, k2, ipiv, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasy2 "BLAS_FUNC(slasy2)"(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, s *tl, int *ldtl, s *tr, int *ldtr, s *b, int *ldb, s *scale, s *x, int *ldx, s *xnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasy2(bint *ltranl, bint *ltranr, int *isgn, int *n1, int *n2, s *tl, int *ldtl, s *tr, int *ldtr, s *b, int *ldb, s *scale, s *x, int *ldx, s *xnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasy2(ltranl, ltranr, isgn, n1, n2, tl, ldtl, tr, ldtr, b, ldb, scale, x, ldx, xnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slasyf "BLAS_FUNC(slasyf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void slasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slasyf(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatbs "BLAS_FUNC(slatbs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void slatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatbs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, kd, ab, ldab, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatdf "BLAS_FUNC(slatdf)"(int *ijob, int *n, s *z, int *ldz, s *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) nogil +cdef void slatdf(int *ijob, int *n, s *z, int *ldz, s *rhs, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatdf(ijob, n, z, ldz, rhs, rdsum, rdscal, ipiv, jpiv) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatps "BLAS_FUNC(slatps)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *ap, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void slatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *ap, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatps(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, ap, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatrd "BLAS_FUNC(slatrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *e, s *tau, s *w, int *ldw) nogil +cdef void slatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *e, s *tau, s *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatrd(uplo, n, nb, a, lda, e, tau, w, ldw) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatrs "BLAS_FUNC(slatrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void slatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *x, s *scale, s *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatrs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, a, lda, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slatrz "BLAS_FUNC(slatrz)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work) nogil +cdef void slatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slatrz(m, n, l, a, lda, tau, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slauu2 "BLAS_FUNC(slauu2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void slauu2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slauu2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_slauum "BLAS_FUNC(slauum)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void slauum(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_slauum(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sopgtr "BLAS_FUNC(sopgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sopgtr(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sopgtr(uplo, n, ap, tau, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sopmtr "BLAS_FUNC(sopmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sopmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *ap, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sopmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, ap, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorbdb "BLAS_FUNC(sorbdb)"(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, s *taup1, s *taup2, s *tauq1, s *tauq2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *phi, s *taup1, s *taup2, s *tauq1, s *tauq2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorbdb(trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, phi, taup1, taup2, tauq1, tauq2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorcsd "BLAS_FUNC(sorcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, s *x11, int *ldx11, s *x12, int *ldx12, s *x21, int *ldx21, s *x22, int *ldx22, s *theta, s *u1, int *ldu1, s *u2, int *ldu2, s *v1t, int *ldv1t, s *v2t, int *ldv2t, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorg2l "BLAS_FUNC(sorg2l)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorg2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorg2l(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorg2r "BLAS_FUNC(sorg2r)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorg2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorg2r(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgbr "BLAS_FUNC(sorgbr)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgbr(vect, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorghr "BLAS_FUNC(sorghr)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorghr(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgl2 "BLAS_FUNC(sorgl2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgl2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorglq "BLAS_FUNC(sorglq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorglq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgql "BLAS_FUNC(sorgql)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgql(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgql(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgqr "BLAS_FUNC(sorgqr)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgqr(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgr2 "BLAS_FUNC(sorgr2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgr2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgrq "BLAS_FUNC(sorgrq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgrq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorgtr "BLAS_FUNC(sorgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorgtr(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorgtr(uplo, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorm2l "BLAS_FUNC(sorm2l)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorm2l(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorm2r "BLAS_FUNC(sorm2r)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorm2r(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormbr "BLAS_FUNC(sormbr)"(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormbr(vect, side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormhr "BLAS_FUNC(sormhr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormhr(side, trans, m, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sorml2 "BLAS_FUNC(sorml2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sorml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sorml2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormlq "BLAS_FUNC(sormlq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormlq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormql "BLAS_FUNC(sormql)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormql(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormqr "BLAS_FUNC(sormqr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormqr(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormr2 "BLAS_FUNC(sormr2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormr2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormr3 "BLAS_FUNC(sormr3)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormr3(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormrq "BLAS_FUNC(sormrq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormrq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormrz "BLAS_FUNC(sormrz)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormrz(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sormtr "BLAS_FUNC(sormtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sormtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *c, int *ldc, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sormtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbcon "BLAS_FUNC(spbcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbcon(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbequ "BLAS_FUNC(spbequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbequ(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(spbrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbrfs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbstf "BLAS_FUNC(spbstf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbstf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbsv "BLAS_FUNC(spbsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbsv(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(spbsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbsvx(fact, uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(spbtf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbtf2(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(spbtrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbtrf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(spbtrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spbtrs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spftrf "BLAS_FUNC(spftrf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void spftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spftrf(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spftri "BLAS_FUNC(spftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void spftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spftri(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spftrs "BLAS_FUNC(spftrs)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spftrs(transr, uplo, n, nrhs, a, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spocon "BLAS_FUNC(spocon)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void spocon(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spocon(uplo, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spoequ "BLAS_FUNC(spoequ)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void spoequ(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spoequ(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spoequb "BLAS_FUNC(spoequb)"(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void spoequb(int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spoequb(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sporfs "BLAS_FUNC(sporfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sporfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sposv "BLAS_FUNC(sposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sposvx "BLAS_FUNC(sposvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sposvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spotf2 "BLAS_FUNC(spotf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void spotf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spotf2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spotrf "BLAS_FUNC(spotrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void spotrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spotrf(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spotri "BLAS_FUNC(spotri)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void spotri(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spotri(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spotrs "BLAS_FUNC(spotrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spotrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sppcon "BLAS_FUNC(sppcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sppcon(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sppcon(uplo, n, ap, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sppequ "BLAS_FUNC(sppequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void sppequ(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sppequ(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spprfs "BLAS_FUNC(spprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void spprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sppsv "BLAS_FUNC(sppsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sppsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sppsvx "BLAS_FUNC(sppsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, char *equed, s *s, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sppsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spptrf "BLAS_FUNC(spptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void spptrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spptrf(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spptri "BLAS_FUNC(spptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void spptri(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spptri(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spptrs "BLAS_FUNC(spptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spstf2 "BLAS_FUNC(spstf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void spstf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spstf2(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spstrf "BLAS_FUNC(spstrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void spstrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, s *tol, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spstrf(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sptcon "BLAS_FUNC(sptcon)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sptcon(int *n, s *d, s *e, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sptcon(n, d, e, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spteqr "BLAS_FUNC(spteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void spteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sptrfs "BLAS_FUNC(sptrfs)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sptrfs(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sptrfs(n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sptsv "BLAS_FUNC(sptsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sptsv(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sptsvx "BLAS_FUNC(sptsvx)"(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *df, s *ef, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sptsvx(fact, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spttrf "BLAS_FUNC(spttrf)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void spttrf(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spttrf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_spttrs "BLAS_FUNC(spttrs)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void spttrs(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_spttrs(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sptts2 "BLAS_FUNC(sptts2)"(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void sptts2(int *n, int *nrhs, s *d, s *e, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sptts2(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_srscl "BLAS_FUNC(srscl)"(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void srscl(int *n, s *sa, s *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_srscl(n, sa, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbev "BLAS_FUNC(ssbev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbev(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbevd "BLAS_FUNC(ssbevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbevd(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbevx "BLAS_FUNC(ssbevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbgst "BLAS_FUNC(ssbgst)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *x, int *ldx, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *x, int *ldx, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbgst(vect, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, x, ldx, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbgv "BLAS_FUNC(ssbgv)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbgv(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbgvd "BLAS_FUNC(ssbgvd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbgvd(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbgvx "BLAS_FUNC(ssbgvx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, s *ab, int *ldab, s *bb, int *ldbb, s *q, int *ldq, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbgvx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssbtrd "BLAS_FUNC(ssbtrd)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *d, s *e, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssbtrd(vect, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssfrk "BLAS_FUNC(ssfrk)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c) nogil +cdef void ssfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, s *alpha, s *a, int *lda, s *beta, s *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssfrk(transr, uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspcon "BLAS_FUNC(sspcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspcon(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspev "BLAS_FUNC(sspev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspev(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspevd "BLAS_FUNC(sspevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspevd(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspevx "BLAS_FUNC(sspevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspgst "BLAS_FUNC(sspgst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspgst(itype, uplo, n, ap, bp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspgv "BLAS_FUNC(sspgv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspgv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspgvd "BLAS_FUNC(sspgvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspgvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspgvx "BLAS_FUNC(sspgvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *bp, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspgvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, bp, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssprfs "BLAS_FUNC(ssprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspsv "BLAS_FUNC(sspsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sspsvx "BLAS_FUNC(sspsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *afp, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sspsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssptrd "BLAS_FUNC(ssptrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssptrd(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssptrd(uplo, n, ap, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssptrf "BLAS_FUNC(ssptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssptrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssptri "BLAS_FUNC(ssptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssptri(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssptrs "BLAS_FUNC(ssptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstebz "BLAS_FUNC(sstebz)"(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, s *d, s *e, int *m, int *nsplit, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstebz(char *range, char *order, int *n, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, s *d, s *e, int *m, int *nsplit, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstebz(range, order, n, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, d, e, m, nsplit, w, iblock, isplit, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstedc "BLAS_FUNC(sstedc)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstedc(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstedc(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstegr "BLAS_FUNC(sstegr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstegr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstein "BLAS_FUNC(sstein)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstein(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *m, s *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstein(n, d, e, m, w, iblock, isplit, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstemr "BLAS_FUNC(sstemr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstemr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, m, w, z, ldz, nzc, isuppz, tryrac, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssteqr "BLAS_FUNC(ssteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssteqr(char *compz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssterf "BLAS_FUNC(ssterf)"(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssterf(int *n, s *d, s *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssterf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstev "BLAS_FUNC(sstev)"(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstev(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstev(jobz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstevd "BLAS_FUNC(sstevd)"(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstevd(char *jobz, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstevd(jobz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstevr "BLAS_FUNC(sstevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstevr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstevr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_sstevx "BLAS_FUNC(sstevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void sstevx(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, s *d, s *e, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_sstevx(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssycon "BLAS_FUNC(ssycon)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssycon(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *anorm, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssycon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyconv "BLAS_FUNC(ssyconv)"(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyconv(uplo, way, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyequb "BLAS_FUNC(ssyequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyequb(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *s, s *scond, s *amax, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyev "BLAS_FUNC(ssyev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyev(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyevd "BLAS_FUNC(ssyevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyevd(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyevr "BLAS_FUNC(ssyevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyevr(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyevx "BLAS_FUNC(ssyevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssygs2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssygs2)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssygs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssygs2(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssygst "BLAS_FUNC(ssygst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssygst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssygst(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssygv "BLAS_FUNC(ssygv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssygv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssygv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssygvd "BLAS_FUNC(ssygvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssygvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *w, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssygvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssygvx "BLAS_FUNC(ssygvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssygvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, s *vu, int *il, int *iu, s *abstol, int *m, s *w, s *z, int *ldz, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssygvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyrfs "BLAS_FUNC(ssyrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssysv "BLAS_FUNC(ssysv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssysv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssysvx "BLAS_FUNC(ssysvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *rcond, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssysvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssyswapr "BLAS_FUNC(ssyswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void ssyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssyswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytd2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssytd2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytd2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytd2(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytf2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssytf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytf2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytrd "BLAS_FUNC(ssytrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytrd(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *d, s *e, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytrd(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytrf "BLAS_FUNC(ssytrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytrf(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytri "BLAS_FUNC(ssytri)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytri(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytri2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssytri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytri2(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytri2x "BLAS_FUNC(ssytri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytrs "BLAS_FUNC(ssytrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ssytrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(ssytrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ssytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ssytrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stbcon "BLAS_FUNC(stbcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, s *ab, int *ldab, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stbcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, kd, ab, ldab, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(stbrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stbrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(stbtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void stbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, s *ab, int *ldab, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stbtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stfsm "BLAS_FUNC(stfsm)"(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, s *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void stfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, s *alpha, s *a, s *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stfsm(transr, side, uplo, trans, diag, m, n, alpha, a, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stftri "BLAS_FUNC(stftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void stftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stftri(transr, uplo, diag, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stfttp "BLAS_FUNC(stfttp)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void stfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stfttp(transr, uplo, n, arf, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stfttr "BLAS_FUNC(stfttr)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void stfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *arf, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stfttr(transr, uplo, n, arf, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgevc "BLAS_FUNC(stgevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *s, int *lds, s *p, int *ldp, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *s, int *lds, s *p, int *ldp, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgevc(side, howmny, select, n, s, lds, p, ldp, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgex2 "BLAS_FUNC(stgex2)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *n1, int *n2, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgex2(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, j1, n1, n2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgexc "BLAS_FUNC(stgexc)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgexc(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, ifst, ilst, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgsen "BLAS_FUNC(stgsen)"(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *alphar, s *alphai, s *beta, s *q, int *ldq, s *z, int *ldz, int *m, s *pl, s *pr, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgsen(ijob, wantq, wantz, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alphar, alphai, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, m, pl, pr, dif, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgsja "BLAS_FUNC(stgsja)"(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *ncycle, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *tola, s *tolb, s *alpha, s *beta, s *u, int *ldu, s *v, int *ldv, s *q, int *ldq, s *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgsja(jobu, jobv, jobq, m, p, n, k, l, a, lda, b, ldb, tola, tolb, alpha, beta, u, ldu, v, ldv, q, ldq, work, ncycle, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgsna "BLAS_FUNC(stgsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *dif, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgsna(job, howmny, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, dif, mm, m, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgsy2 "BLAS_FUNC(stgsy2)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *rdsum, s *rdscal, int *iwork, int *pq, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgsy2(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, rdsum, rdscal, iwork, pq, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stgsyl "BLAS_FUNC(stgsyl)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *d, int *ldd, s *e, int *lde, s *f, int *ldf, s *scale, s *dif, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stgsyl(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, dif, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpcon "BLAS_FUNC(stpcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpmqrt "BLAS_FUNC(stpmqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpmqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, l, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpqrt "BLAS_FUNC(stpqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpqrt(m, n, l, nb, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(stpqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpqrt2(m, n, l, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stprfb "BLAS_FUNC(stprfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void stprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, s *v, int *ldv, s *t, int *ldt, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stprfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stprfs "BLAS_FUNC(stprfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stprfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stptri "BLAS_FUNC(stptri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void stptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stptri(uplo, diag, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stptrs "BLAS_FUNC(stptrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void stptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *ap, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stptrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpttf "BLAS_FUNC(stpttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpttf(transr, uplo, n, ap, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stpttr "BLAS_FUNC(stpttr)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void stpttr(char *uplo, int *n, s *ap, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stpttr(uplo, n, ap, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strcon "BLAS_FUNC(strcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void strcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *rcond, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, a, lda, rcond, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strevc "BLAS_FUNC(strevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void strevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strevc(side, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strexc "BLAS_FUNC(strexc)"(char *compq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void strexc(char *compq, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, s *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strexc(compq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, ifst, ilst, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strrfs "BLAS_FUNC(strrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void strrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *x, int *ldx, s *ferr, s *berr, s *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strsen "BLAS_FUNC(strsen)"(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, s *wr, s *wi, int *m, s *s, s *sep, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void strsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *q, int *ldq, s *wr, s *wi, int *m, s *s, s *sep, s *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strsen(job, compq, select, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, wr, wi, m, s, sep, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strsna "BLAS_FUNC(strsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void strsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, s *t, int *ldt, s *vl, int *ldvl, s *vr, int *ldvr, s *s, s *sep, int *mm, int *m, s *work, int *ldwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strsna(job, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, sep, mm, m, work, ldwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strsyl "BLAS_FUNC(strsyl)"(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void strsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, s *c, int *ldc, s *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strsyl(trana, tranb, isgn, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strti2 "BLAS_FUNC(strti2)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void strti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strti2(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strtri "BLAS_FUNC(strtri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void strtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, s *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strtri(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strtrs "BLAS_FUNC(strtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void strtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, s *a, int *lda, s *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strttf "BLAS_FUNC(strttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void strttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strttf(transr, uplo, n, a, lda, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_strttp "BLAS_FUNC(strttp)"(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void strttp(char *uplo, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_strttp(uplo, n, a, lda, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_stzrzf "BLAS_FUNC(stzrzf)"(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void stzrzf(int *m, int *n, s *a, int *lda, s *tau, s *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_stzrzf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_xerbla_array "(xerbla_array__)"(char *srname_array, int *srname_len, int *info) nogil +cdef void xerbla_array(char *srname_array, int *srname_len, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_xerbla_array(srname_array, srname_len, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zbbcsd "BLAS_FUNC(zbbcsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, npy_complex128 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex128 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex128 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex128 *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zbbcsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, int *m, int *p, int *q, d *theta, d *phi, z *u1, int *ldu1, z *u2, int *ldu2, z *v1t, int *ldv1t, z *v2t, int *ldv2t, d *b11d, d *b11e, d *b12d, d *b12e, d *b21d, d *b21e, d *b22d, d *b22e, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zbbcsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, m, p, q, theta, phi, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, b11d, b11e, b12d, b12e, b21d, b21e, b22d, b22e, rwork, lrwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zbdsqr "BLAS_FUNC(zbdsqr)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zbdsqr(char *uplo, int *n, int *ncvt, int *nru, int *ncc, d *d, d *e, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *u, int *ldu, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zbdsqr(uplo, n, ncvt, nru, ncc, d, e, vt, ldvt, u, ldu, c, ldc, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zcgesv "BLAS_FUNC(zcgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, npy_complex64 *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) nogil +cdef void zcgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, c *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zcgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, work, swork, rwork, iter, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zcposv "BLAS_FUNC(zcposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, npy_complex64 *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) nogil +cdef void zcposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, c *swork, d *rwork, int *iter, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zcposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, work, swork, rwork, iter, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zdrscl "BLAS_FUNC(zdrscl)"(int *n, d *sa, npy_complex128 *sx, int *incx) nogil +cdef void zdrscl(int *n, d *sa, z *sx, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zdrscl(n, sa, sx, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbbrd "BLAS_FUNC(zgbbrd)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *pt, int *ldpt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbbrd(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *ncc, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *pt, int *ldpt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbbrd(vect, m, n, ncc, kl, ku, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, pt, ldpt, c, ldc, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbcon "BLAS_FUNC(zgbcon)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbcon(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbcon(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbequ "BLAS_FUNC(zgbequ)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbequ(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbequ(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbequb "BLAS_FUNC(zgbequb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbequb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbequb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(zgbrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbrfs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbsv "BLAS_FUNC(zgbsv)"(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbsv(int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbsv(n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zgbsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbsvx(fact, trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgbtf2)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbtf2(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbtf2(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(zgbtrf)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbtrf(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbtrf(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(zgbtrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgbtrs(char *trans, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgbtrs(trans, n, kl, ku, nrhs, ab, ldab, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgebak "BLAS_FUNC(zgebak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgebak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *m, z *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgebak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, scale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgebal "BLAS_FUNC(zgebal)"(char *job, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgebal(char *job, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgebal(job, n, a, lda, ilo, ihi, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgebd2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgebd2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgebd2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgebd2(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgebrd "BLAS_FUNC(zgebrd)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgebrd(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgebrd(m, n, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgecon "BLAS_FUNC(zgecon)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgecon(char *norm, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgecon(norm, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeequ "BLAS_FUNC(zgeequ)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeequ(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeequ(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeequb "BLAS_FUNC(zgeequb)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeequb(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeequb(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgees "BLAS_FUNC(zgees)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _zselect1 *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vs, int *ldvs, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgees(char *jobvs, char *sort, zselect1 *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *sdim, z *w, z *vs, int *ldvs, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgees(jobvs, sort, <_zselect1*>select, n, a, lda, sdim, w, vs, ldvs, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeesx "BLAS_FUNC(zgeesx)"(char *jobvs, char *sort, _zselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeesx(char *jobvs, char *sort, zselect1 *select, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *sdim, z *w, z *vs, int *ldvs, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeesx(jobvs, sort, <_zselect1*>select, sense, n, a, lda, sdim, w, vs, ldvs, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeev "BLAS_FUNC(zgeev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeevx "BLAS_FUNC(zgeevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *scale, d *abnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, scale, abnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgehd2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgehd2)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgehd2(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgehd2(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgehrd "BLAS_FUNC(zgehrd)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgehrd(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgehrd(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgelq2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgelq2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgelq2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgelq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgelqf "BLAS_FUNC(zgelqf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgelqf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgelqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgels "BLAS_FUNC(zgels)"(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgels(char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgels(trans, m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgelsd "BLAS_FUNC(zgelsd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgelsd(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgelsd(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgelss "BLAS_FUNC(zgelss)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgelss(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *s, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgelss(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, s, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgelsy "BLAS_FUNC(zgelsy)"(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgelsy(int *m, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *jpvt, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgelsy(m, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, jpvt, rcond, rank, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgemqrt "BLAS_FUNC(zgemqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgemqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *nb, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgemqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeql2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgeql2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeql2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeql2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqlf "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqlf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqlf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqlf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqp3 "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqp3)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqp3(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqp3(m, n, a, lda, jpvt, tau, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqr2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqr2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqr2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqr2p "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqr2p)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqr2p(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqr2p(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqrf "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqrf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqrf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqrfp "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrfp)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqrfp(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqrfp(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqrt "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqrt(int *m, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqrt(m, n, nb, a, lda, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqrt2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqrt2(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgeqrt3 "BLAS_FUNC(zgeqrt3)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgeqrt3(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgeqrt3(m, n, a, lda, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgerfs "BLAS_FUNC(zgerfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgerfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgerfs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgerq2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgerq2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgerq2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgerq2(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgerqf "BLAS_FUNC(zgerqf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgerqf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgerqf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgesc2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgesc2)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) nogil +cdef void zgesc2(int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *rhs, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, d *scale) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgesc2(n, a, lda, rhs, ipiv, jpiv, scale) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgesdd "BLAS_FUNC(zgesdd)"(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgesdd(char *jobz, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, z *u, int *ldu, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgesdd(jobz, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgesv "BLAS_FUNC(zgesv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgesv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgesv(n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgesvd "BLAS_FUNC(zgesvd)"(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *vt, int *ldvt, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgesvd(char *jobu, char *jobvt, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, z *u, int *ldu, z *vt, int *ldvt, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgesvd(jobu, jobvt, m, n, a, lda, s, u, ldu, vt, ldvt, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgesvx "BLAS_FUNC(zgesvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgesvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, char *equed, d *r, d *c, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgesvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, equed, r, c, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgetc2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgetc2)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgetc2(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *jpiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgetc2(n, a, lda, ipiv, jpiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgetf2)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgetf2(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgetf2(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgetrf "BLAS_FUNC(zgetrf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgetrf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgetrf(m, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgetri "BLAS_FUNC(zgetri)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgetri(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgetri(n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgetrs "BLAS_FUNC(zgetrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgetrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgetrs(trans, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggbak "BLAS_FUNC(zggbak)"(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggbak(char *job, char *side, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, int *m, z *v, int *ldv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggbak(job, side, n, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, m, v, ldv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggbal "BLAS_FUNC(zggbal)"(char *job, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggbal(char *job, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggbal(job, n, a, lda, b, ldb, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgges "BLAS_FUNC(zgges)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _zselect2 *selctg, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex128 *vsr, int *ldvsr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgges(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, zselect2 *selctg, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vsl, int *ldvsl, z *vsr, int *ldvsr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgges(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_zselect2*>selctg, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alpha, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, work, lwork, rwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggesx "BLAS_FUNC(zggesx)"(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, _zselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vsl, int *ldvsl, npy_complex128 *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggesx(char *jobvsl, char *jobvsr, char *sort, zselect2 *selctg, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *sdim, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vsl, int *ldvsl, z *vsr, int *ldvsr, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggesx(jobvsl, jobvsr, sort, <_zselect2*>selctg, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, sdim, alpha, beta, vsl, ldvsl, vsr, ldvsr, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, liwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggev "BLAS_FUNC(zggev)"(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggev(char *jobvl, char *jobvr, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggev(jobvl, jobvr, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggevx "BLAS_FUNC(zggevx)"(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggevx(char *balanc, char *jobvl, char *jobvr, char *sense, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *ilo, int *ihi, d *lscale, d *rscale, d *abnrm, d *bbnrm, d *rconde, d *rcondv, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, bint *bwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggevx(balanc, jobvl, jobvr, sense, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, ilo, ihi, lscale, rscale, abnrm, bbnrm, rconde, rcondv, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, bwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggglm "BLAS_FUNC(zggglm)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggglm(int *n, int *m, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *d, z *x, z *y, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggglm(n, m, p, a, lda, b, ldb, d, x, y, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgghrd "BLAS_FUNC(zgghrd)"(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgghrd(char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgghrd(compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgglse "BLAS_FUNC(zgglse)"(int *m, int *n, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgglse(int *m, int *n, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, z *d, z *x, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgglse(m, n, p, a, lda, b, ldb, c, d, x, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggqrf "BLAS_FUNC(zggqrf)"(int *n, int *m, int *p, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *taua, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *taub, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggqrf(int *n, int *m, int *p, z *a, int *lda, z *taua, z *b, int *ldb, z *taub, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggqrf(n, m, p, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zggrqf "BLAS_FUNC(zggrqf)"(int *m, int *p, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *taua, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *taub, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zggrqf(int *m, int *p, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *taua, z *b, int *ldb, z *taub, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zggrqf(m, p, n, a, lda, taua, b, ldb, taub, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgtcon "BLAS_FUNC(zgtcon)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgtcon(char *norm, int *n, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgtcon(norm, n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgtrfs "BLAS_FUNC(zgtrfs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *dlf, npy_complex128 *df, npy_complex128 *duf, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgtrfs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *dlf, z *df, z *duf, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgtrfs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgtsv "BLAS_FUNC(zgtsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgtsv(int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgtsv(n, nrhs, dl, d, du, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgtsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zgtsvx)"(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *dlf, npy_complex128 *df, npy_complex128 *duf, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgtsvx(char *fact, char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *dlf, z *df, z *duf, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgtsvx(fact, trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, dlf, df, duf, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgttrf "BLAS_FUNC(zgttrf)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgttrf(int *n, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgttrf(n, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgttrs "BLAS_FUNC(zgttrs)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zgttrs(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgttrs(trans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zgtts2 "BLAS_FUNC(zgtts2)"(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *du2, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void zgtts2(int *itrans, int *n, int *nrhs, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *du2, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zgtts2(itrans, n, nrhs, dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbev "BLAS_FUNC(zhbev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbev(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbevd "BLAS_FUNC(zhbevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbevd(jobz, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbevx "BLAS_FUNC(zhbevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, z *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbgst "BLAS_FUNC(zhbgst)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbgst(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, z *x, int *ldx, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbgst(vect, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, x, ldx, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbgv "BLAS_FUNC(zhbgv)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbgv(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbgv(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbgvd "BLAS_FUNC(zhbgvd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbgvd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbgvd(jobz, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbgvx "BLAS_FUNC(zhbgvx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *bb, int *ldbb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbgvx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, int *ka, int *kb, z *ab, int *ldab, z *bb, int *ldbb, z *q, int *ldq, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbgvx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ka, kb, ab, ldab, bb, ldbb, q, ldq, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhbtrd "BLAS_FUNC(zhbtrd)"(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhbtrd(char *vect, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhbtrd(vect, uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, d, e, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhecon "BLAS_FUNC(zhecon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhecon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhecon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheequb "BLAS_FUNC(zheequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zheequb(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheev "BLAS_FUNC(zheev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zheev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheev(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheevd "BLAS_FUNC(zheevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zheevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheevd(jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, w, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheevr "BLAS_FUNC(zheevr)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zheevr(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheevr(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheevx "BLAS_FUNC(zheevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zheevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhegs2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhegs2)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhegs2(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhegs2(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhegst "BLAS_FUNC(zhegst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhegst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhegst(itype, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhegv "BLAS_FUNC(zhegv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhegv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhegv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhegvd "BLAS_FUNC(zhegvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *w, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhegvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *w, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhegvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, w, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhegvx "BLAS_FUNC(zhegvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhegvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhegvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zherfs "BLAS_FUNC(zherfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zherfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zherfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhesv "BLAS_FUNC(zhesv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhesv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhesv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhesvx "BLAS_FUNC(zhesvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhesvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhesvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zheswapr "BLAS_FUNC(zheswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void zheswapr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zheswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetd2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhetd2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetd2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetd2(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhetf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetrd "BLAS_FUNC(zhetrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetrd(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetrd(uplo, n, a, lda, d, e, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetrf "BLAS_FUNC(zhetrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetri "BLAS_FUNC(zhetri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetri2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhetri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetri2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetri2x "BLAS_FUNC(zhetri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetri2x(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetrs "BLAS_FUNC(zhetrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhetrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(zhetrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhetrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhetrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhfrk "BLAS_FUNC(zhfrk)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *beta, npy_complex128 *c) nogil +cdef void zhfrk(char *transr, char *uplo, char *trans, int *n, int *k, d *alpha, z *a, int *lda, d *beta, z *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhfrk(transr, uplo, trans, n, k, alpha, a, lda, beta, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhgeqz "BLAS_FUNC(zhgeqz)"(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhgeqz(char *job, char *compq, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *t, int *ldt, z *alpha, z *beta, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhgeqz(job, compq, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, t, ldt, alpha, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpcon "BLAS_FUNC(zhpcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpev "BLAS_FUNC(zhpev)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpev(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpev(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpevd "BLAS_FUNC(zhpevd)"(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpevd(char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpevd(jobz, uplo, n, ap, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpevx "BLAS_FUNC(zhpevx)"(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpevx(char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpevx(jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpgst "BLAS_FUNC(zhpgst)"(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpgst(int *itype, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpgst(itype, uplo, n, ap, bp, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpgv "BLAS_FUNC(zhpgv)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpgv(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpgv(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpgvd "BLAS_FUNC(zhpgvd)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpgvd(int *itype, char *jobz, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpgvd(itype, jobz, uplo, n, ap, bp, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpgvx "BLAS_FUNC(zhpgvx)"(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpgvx(int *itype, char *jobz, char *range, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *bp, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpgvx(itype, jobz, range, uplo, n, ap, bp, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, work, rwork, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhprfs "BLAS_FUNC(zhprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpsv "BLAS_FUNC(zhpsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhpsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zhpsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhpsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhpsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhptrd "BLAS_FUNC(zhptrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tau, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhptrd(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *d, d *e, z *tau, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhptrd(uplo, n, ap, d, e, tau, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhptrf "BLAS_FUNC(zhptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhptri "BLAS_FUNC(zhptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhptrs "BLAS_FUNC(zhptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhsein "BLAS_FUNC(zhsein)"(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhsein(char *side, char *eigsrc, char *initv, bint *select, int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *ifaill, int *ifailr, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhsein(side, eigsrc, initv, select, n, h, ldh, w, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, ifaill, ifailr, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zhseqr "BLAS_FUNC(zhseqr)"(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zhseqr(char *job, char *compz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zhseqr(job, compz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlabrd "BLAS_FUNC(zlabrd)"(int *m, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *tauq, npy_complex128 *taup, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, npy_complex128 *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void zlabrd(int *m, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, d *d, d *e, z *tauq, z *taup, z *x, int *ldx, z *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlabrd(m, n, nb, a, lda, d, e, tauq, taup, x, ldx, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacgv "BLAS_FUNC(zlacgv)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx) nogil +cdef void zlacgv(int *n, z *x, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacgv(n, x, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacn2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlacn2)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *x, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) nogil +cdef void zlacn2(int *n, z *v, z *x, d *est, int *kase, int *isave) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacn2(n, v, x, est, kase, isave) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacon "BLAS_FUNC(zlacon)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *x, d *est, int *kase) nogil +cdef void zlacon(int *n, z *v, z *x, d *est, int *kase) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacon(n, v, x, est, kase) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacp2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlacp2)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void zlacp2(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacp2(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacpy "BLAS_FUNC(zlacpy)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void zlacpy(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacpy(uplo, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacrm "BLAS_FUNC(zlacrm)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) nogil +cdef void zlacrm(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacrm(m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, rwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlacrt "BLAS_FUNC(zlacrt)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *s) nogil +cdef void zlacrt(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, z *c, z *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlacrt(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zladiv "F_FUNC(zladivwrp,ZLADIVWRP)"(npy_complex128 *out, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y) nogil +cdef z zladiv(z *x, z *y) noexcept nogil: + cdef z out + _fortran_zladiv(&out, x, y) + return out + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaed0 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaed0)"(int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *qstore, int *ldqs, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaed0(int *qsiz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *q, int *ldq, z *qstore, int *ldqs, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaed0(qsiz, n, d, e, q, ldq, qstore, ldqs, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaed7 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaed7)"(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, d *rho, int *indxq, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaed7(int *n, int *cutpnt, int *qsiz, int *tlvls, int *curlvl, int *curpbm, d *d, z *q, int *ldq, d *rho, int *indxq, d *qstore, int *qptr, int *prmptr, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaed7(n, cutpnt, qsiz, tlvls, curlvl, curpbm, d, q, ldq, rho, indxq, qstore, qptr, prmptr, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, work, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaed8 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaed8)"(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, d *d, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, npy_complex128 *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaed8(int *k, int *n, int *qsiz, z *q, int *ldq, d *d, d *rho, int *cutpnt, d *z, d *dlamda, z *q2, int *ldq2, d *w, int *indxp, int *indx, int *indxq, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, d *givnum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaed8(k, n, qsiz, q, ldq, d, rho, cutpnt, z, dlamda, q2, ldq2, w, indxp, indx, indxq, perm, givptr, givcol, givnum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaein "BLAS_FUNC(zlaein)"(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *rwork, d *eps3, d *smlnum, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaein(bint *rightv, bint *noinit, int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, z *v, z *b, int *ldb, d *rwork, d *eps3, d *smlnum, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaein(rightv, noinit, n, h, ldh, w, v, b, ldb, rwork, eps3, smlnum, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaesy "BLAS_FUNC(zlaesy)"(npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, npy_complex128 *c, npy_complex128 *rt1, npy_complex128 *rt2, npy_complex128 *evscal, npy_complex128 *cs1, npy_complex128 *sn1) nogil +cdef void zlaesy(z *a, z *b, z *c, z *rt1, z *rt2, z *evscal, z *cs1, z *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaesy(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, evscal, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaev2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaev2)"(npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, npy_complex128 *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, npy_complex128 *sn1) nogil +cdef void zlaev2(z *a, z *b, z *c, d *rt1, d *rt2, d *cs1, z *sn1) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaev2(a, b, c, rt1, rt2, cs1, sn1) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlag2c "BLAS_FUNC(zlag2c)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlag2c(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, c *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlag2c(m, n, a, lda, sa, ldsa, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlags2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlags2)"(bint *upper, d *a1, npy_complex128 *a2, d *a3, d *b1, npy_complex128 *b2, d *b3, d *csu, npy_complex128 *snu, d *csv, npy_complex128 *snv, d *csq, npy_complex128 *snq) nogil +cdef void zlags2(bint *upper, d *a1, z *a2, d *a3, d *b1, z *b2, d *b3, d *csu, z *snu, d *csv, z *snv, d *csq, z *snq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlags2(upper, a1, a2, a3, b1, b2, b3, csu, snu, csv, snv, csq, snq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlagtm "BLAS_FUNC(zlagtm)"(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d, npy_complex128 *du, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *beta, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void zlagtm(char *trans, int *n, int *nrhs, d *alpha, z *dl, z *d, z *du, z *x, int *ldx, d *beta, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlagtm(trans, n, nrhs, alpha, dl, d, du, x, ldx, beta, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlahef "BLAS_FUNC(zlahef)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlahef(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlahef(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlahqr "BLAS_FUNC(zlahqr)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlahqr(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlahqr(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlahr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlahr2)"(int *n, int *k, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *y, int *ldy) nogil +cdef void zlahr2(int *n, int *k, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt, z *y, int *ldy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlahr2(n, k, nb, a, lda, tau, t, ldt, y, ldy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaic1 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaic1)"(int *job, int *j, npy_complex128 *x, d *sest, npy_complex128 *w, npy_complex128 *gamma, d *sestpr, npy_complex128 *s, npy_complex128 *c) nogil +cdef void zlaic1(int *job, int *j, z *x, d *sest, z *w, z *gamma, d *sestpr, z *s, z *c) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaic1(job, j, x, sest, w, gamma, sestpr, s, c) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlals0 "BLAS_FUNC(zlals0)"(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlals0(int *icompq, int *nl, int *nr, int *sqre, int *nrhs, z *b, int *ldb, z *bx, int *ldbx, int *perm, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, d *givnum, int *ldgnum, d *poles, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, int *k, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlals0(icompq, nl, nr, sqre, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, perm, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, givnum, ldgnum, poles, difl, difr, z, k, c, s, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlalsa "BLAS_FUNC(zlalsa)"(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlalsa(int *icompq, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, z *b, int *ldb, z *bx, int *ldbx, d *u, int *ldu, d *vt, int *k, d *difl, d *difr, d *z, d *poles, int *givptr, int *givcol, int *ldgcol, int *perm, d *givnum, d *c, d *s, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlalsa(icompq, smlsiz, n, nrhs, b, ldb, bx, ldbx, u, ldu, vt, k, difl, difr, z, poles, givptr, givcol, ldgcol, perm, givnum, c, s, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlalsd "BLAS_FUNC(zlalsd)"(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlalsd(char *uplo, int *smlsiz, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, d *e, z *b, int *ldb, d *rcond, int *rank, z *work, d *rwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlalsd(uplo, smlsiz, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, rcond, rank, work, rwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlangb "BLAS_FUNC(zlangb)"(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlangb(char *norm, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlangb(norm, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlange "BLAS_FUNC(zlange)"(char *norm, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlange(char *norm, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlange(norm, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlangt "BLAS_FUNC(zlangt)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *dl, npy_complex128 *d_, npy_complex128 *du) nogil +cdef d zlangt(char *norm, int *n, z *dl, z *d_, z *du) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlangt(norm, n, dl, d_, du) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanhb "BLAS_FUNC(zlanhb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlanhb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanhb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanhe "BLAS_FUNC(zlanhe)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlanhe(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanhe(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanhf "BLAS_FUNC(zlanhf)"(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlanhf(char *norm, char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanhf(norm, transr, uplo, n, a, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanhp "BLAS_FUNC(zlanhp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlanhp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanhp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanhs "BLAS_FUNC(zlanhs)"(char *norm, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlanhs(char *norm, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanhs(norm, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlanht "BLAS_FUNC(zlanht)"(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, npy_complex128 *e) nogil +cdef d zlanht(char *norm, int *n, d *d_, z *e) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlanht(norm, n, d_, e) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlansb "BLAS_FUNC(zlansb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlansb(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlansb(norm, uplo, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlansp "BLAS_FUNC(zlansp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlansp(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlansp(norm, uplo, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlansy "BLAS_FUNC(zlansy)"(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlansy(char *norm, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlansy(norm, uplo, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlantb "BLAS_FUNC(zlantb)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlantb(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *k, z *ab, int *ldab, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlantb(norm, uplo, diag, n, k, ab, ldab, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlantp "BLAS_FUNC(zlantp)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlantp(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlantp(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + d _fortran_zlantr "BLAS_FUNC(zlantr)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *work) nogil +cdef d zlantr(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + return _fortran_zlantr(norm, uplo, diag, m, n, a, lda, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlapll "BLAS_FUNC(zlapll)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) nogil +cdef void zlapll(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *ssmin) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlapll(n, x, incx, y, incy, ssmin) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlapmr "BLAS_FUNC(zlapmr)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void zlapmr(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, z *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlapmr(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlapmt "BLAS_FUNC(zlapmt)"(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, int *k) nogil +cdef void zlapmt(bint *forwrd, int *m, int *n, z *x, int *ldx, int *k) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlapmt(forwrd, m, n, x, ldx, k) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqgb "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqgb)"(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqgb(int *m, int *n, int *kl, int *ku, z *ab, int *ldab, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqgb(m, n, kl, ku, ab, ldab, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqge "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqge)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqge(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *r, d *c, d *rowcnd, d *colcnd, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqge(m, n, a, lda, r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqhb "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqhb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqhb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqhe "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhe)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqhe(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqhe(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqhp "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqhp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqhp(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqhp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqp2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqp2)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, npy_complex128 *work) nogil +cdef void zlaqp2(int *m, int *n, int *offset, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, z *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqp2(m, n, offset, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqps "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqps)"(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, npy_complex128 *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, npy_complex128 *auxv, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf) nogil +cdef void zlaqps(int *m, int *n, int *offset, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *jpvt, z *tau, d *vn1, d *vn2, z *auxv, z *f, int *ldf) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqps(m, n, offset, nb, kb, a, lda, jpvt, tau, vn1, vn2, auxv, f, ldf) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr0 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr0)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaqr0(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr0(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr1 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr1)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *s1, npy_complex128 *s2, npy_complex128 *v) nogil +cdef void zlaqr1(int *n, z *h, int *ldh, z *s1, z *s2, z *v) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr1(n, h, ldh, s1, s2, v) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr2)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex128 *sh, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void zlaqr2(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, z *sh, z *v, int *ldv, int *nh, z *t, int *ldt, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, z *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr2(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sh, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr3 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr3)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, npy_complex128 *sh, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork) nogil +cdef void zlaqr3(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nw, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, int *ns, int *nd, z *sh, z *v, int *ldv, int *nh, z *t, int *ldt, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, z *work, int *lwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr3(wantt, wantz, n, ktop, kbot, nw, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, ns, nd, sh, v, ldv, nh, t, ldt, nv, wv, ldwv, work, lwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr4 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr4)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, npy_complex128 *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlaqr4(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *h, int *ldh, z *w, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr4(wantt, wantz, n, ilo, ihi, h, ldh, w, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqr5 "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqr5)"(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, npy_complex128 *s, npy_complex128 *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, int *nv, npy_complex128 *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, npy_complex128 *wh, int *ldwh) nogil +cdef void zlaqr5(bint *wantt, bint *wantz, int *kacc22, int *n, int *ktop, int *kbot, int *nshfts, z *s, z *h, int *ldh, int *iloz, int *ihiz, z *z, int *ldz, z *v, int *ldv, z *u, int *ldu, int *nv, z *wv, int *ldwv, int *nh, z *wh, int *ldwh) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqr5(wantt, wantz, kacc22, n, ktop, kbot, nshfts, s, h, ldh, iloz, ihiz, z, ldz, v, ldv, u, ldu, nv, wv, ldwv, nh, wh, ldwh) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqsb "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsb)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqsb(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqsb(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqsp "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqsp(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqsp(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaqsy "BLAS_FUNC(zlaqsy)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) nogil +cdef void zlaqsy(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, char *equed) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaqsy(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, equed) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlar1v "BLAS_FUNC(zlar1v)"(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, npy_complex128 *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) nogil +cdef void zlar1v(int *n, int *b1, int *bn, d *lambda_, d *d, d *l, d *ld, d *lld, d *pivmin, d *gaptol, z *z, bint *wantnc, int *negcnt, d *ztz, d *mingma, int *r, int *isuppz, d *nrminv, d *resid, d *rqcorr, d *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlar1v(n, b1, bn, lambda_, d, l, ld, lld, pivmin, gaptol, z, wantnc, negcnt, ztz, mingma, r, isuppz, nrminv, resid, rqcorr, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlar2v "BLAS_FUNC(zlar2v)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, npy_complex128 *y, npy_complex128 *z, int *incx, d *c, npy_complex128 *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void zlar2v(int *n, z *x, z *y, z *z, int *incx, d *c, z *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlar2v(n, x, y, z, incx, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarcm "BLAS_FUNC(zlarcm)"(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) nogil +cdef void zlarcm(int *m, int *n, d *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *rwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarcm(m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, rwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarf "BLAS_FUNC(zlarf)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *v, int *incv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work) nogil +cdef void zlarf(char *side, int *m, int *n, z *v, int *incv, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarf(side, m, n, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarfb "BLAS_FUNC(zlarfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void zlarfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarfg "BLAS_FUNC(zlarfg)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *tau) nogil +cdef void zlarfg(int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarfg(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarfgp "BLAS_FUNC(zlarfgp)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *tau) nogil +cdef void zlarfgp(int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *tau) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarfgp(n, alpha, x, incx, tau) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarft "BLAS_FUNC(zlarft)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void zlarft(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarft(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarfx "BLAS_FUNC(zlarfx)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *v, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work) nogil +cdef void zlarfx(char *side, int *m, int *n, z *v, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarfx(side, m, n, v, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlargv "BLAS_FUNC(zlargv)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) nogil +cdef void zlargv(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *c, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlargv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarnv "BLAS_FUNC(zlarnv)"(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, npy_complex128 *x) nogil +cdef void zlarnv(int *idist, int *iseed, int *n, z *x) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarnv(idist, iseed, n, x) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarrv "BLAS_FUNC(zlarrv)"(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlarrv(int *n, d *vl, d *vu, d *d, d *l, d *pivmin, int *isplit, int *m, int *dol, int *dou, d *minrgp, d *rtol1, d *rtol2, d *w, d *werr, d *wgap, int *iblock, int *indexw, d *gers, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarrv(n, vl, vu, d, l, pivmin, isplit, m, dol, dou, minrgp, rtol1, rtol2, w, werr, wgap, iblock, indexw, gers, z, ldz, isuppz, work, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlartg "BLAS_FUNC(zlartg)"(npy_complex128 *f, npy_complex128 *g, d *cs, npy_complex128 *sn, npy_complex128 *r) nogil +cdef void zlartg(z *f, z *g, d *cs, z *sn, z *r) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlartg(f, g, cs, sn, r) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlartv "BLAS_FUNC(zlartv)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy, d *c, npy_complex128 *s, int *incc) nogil +cdef void zlartv(int *n, z *x, int *incx, z *y, int *incy, d *c, z *s, int *incc) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlartv(n, x, incx, y, incy, c, s, incc) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarz "BLAS_FUNC(zlarz)"(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *incv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work) nogil +cdef void zlarz(char *side, int *m, int *n, int *l, z *v, int *incv, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarz(side, m, n, l, v, incv, tau, c, ldc, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarzb "BLAS_FUNC(zlarzb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void zlarzb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarzb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, c, ldc, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlarzt "BLAS_FUNC(zlarzt)"(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt) nogil +cdef void zlarzt(char *direct, char *storev, int *n, int *k, z *v, int *ldv, z *tau, z *t, int *ldt) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlarzt(direct, storev, n, k, v, ldv, tau, t, ldt) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlascl "BLAS_FUNC(zlascl)"(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlascl(char *type_bn, int *kl, int *ku, d *cfrom, d *cto, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlascl(type_bn, kl, ku, cfrom, cto, m, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaset "BLAS_FUNC(zlaset)"(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zlaset(char *uplo, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *beta, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaset(uplo, m, n, alpha, beta, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlasr "BLAS_FUNC(zlasr)"(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zlasr(char *side, char *pivot, char *direct, int *m, int *n, d *c, d *s, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlasr(side, pivot, direct, m, n, c, s, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlassq "BLAS_FUNC(zlassq)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) nogil +cdef void zlassq(int *n, z *x, int *incx, d *scale, d *sumsq) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlassq(n, x, incx, scale, sumsq) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlaswp "BLAS_FUNC(zlaswp)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) nogil +cdef void zlaswp(int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *k1, int *k2, int *ipiv, int *incx) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlaswp(n, a, lda, k1, k2, ipiv, incx) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlasyf "BLAS_FUNC(zlasyf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlasyf(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, int *kb, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *w, int *ldw, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlasyf(uplo, n, nb, kb, a, lda, ipiv, w, ldw, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlat2c "BLAS_FUNC(zlat2c)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex64 *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlat2c(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, c *sa, int *ldsa, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlat2c(uplo, n, a, lda, sa, ldsa, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatbs "BLAS_FUNC(zlatbs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlatbs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatbs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, kd, ab, ldab, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatdf "BLAS_FUNC(zlatdf)"(int *ijob, int *n, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) nogil +cdef void zlatdf(int *ijob, int *n, z *z, int *ldz, z *rhs, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *ipiv, int *jpiv) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatdf(ijob, n, z, ldz, rhs, rdsum, rdscal, ipiv, jpiv) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatps "BLAS_FUNC(zlatps)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlatps(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, z *ap, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatps(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, ap, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatrd "BLAS_FUNC(zlatrd)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *e, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *w, int *ldw) nogil +cdef void zlatrd(char *uplo, int *n, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, d *e, z *tau, z *w, int *ldw) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatrd(uplo, n, nb, a, lda, e, tau, w, ldw) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatrs "BLAS_FUNC(zlatrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlatrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, char *normin, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *x, d *scale, d *cnorm, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatrs(uplo, trans, diag, normin, n, a, lda, x, scale, cnorm, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlatrz "BLAS_FUNC(zlatrz)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work) nogil +cdef void zlatrz(int *m, int *n, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlatrz(m, n, l, a, lda, tau, work) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlauu2 "BLAS_FUNC(zlauu2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlauu2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlauu2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zlauum "BLAS_FUNC(zlauum)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zlauum(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zlauum(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbcon "BLAS_FUNC(zpbcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbcon(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbcon(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbequ "BLAS_FUNC(zpbequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbequ(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbequ(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(zpbrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbrfs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbstf "BLAS_FUNC(zpbstf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbstf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbstf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbsv "BLAS_FUNC(zpbsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbsv(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zpbsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *afb, int *ldafb, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbsvx(fact, uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, afb, ldafb, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbtf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zpbtf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbtf2(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbtf2(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbtrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpbtrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbtrf(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbtrf(uplo, n, kd, ab, ldab, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(zpbtrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpbtrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpbtrs(uplo, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpftrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpftrf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpftrf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpftrf(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpftri "BLAS_FUNC(zpftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpftri(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpftri(transr, uplo, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpftrs "BLAS_FUNC(zpftrs)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpftrs(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpftrs(transr, uplo, n, nrhs, a, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpocon "BLAS_FUNC(zpocon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpocon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpocon(uplo, n, a, lda, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpoequ "BLAS_FUNC(zpoequ)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpoequ(int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpoequ(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpoequb "BLAS_FUNC(zpoequb)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpoequb(int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpoequb(n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zporfs "BLAS_FUNC(zporfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zporfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zporfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zposv "BLAS_FUNC(zposv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zposv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zposv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zposvx "BLAS_FUNC(zposvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zposvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zposvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpotf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zpotf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpotf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpotf2(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpotrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpotrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpotrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpotrf(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpotri "BLAS_FUNC(zpotri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpotri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpotri(uplo, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpotrs "BLAS_FUNC(zpotrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpotrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpotrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zppcon "BLAS_FUNC(zppcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zppcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zppcon(uplo, n, ap, anorm, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zppequ "BLAS_FUNC(zppequ)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) nogil +cdef void zppequ(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zppequ(uplo, n, ap, s, scond, amax, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpprfs "BLAS_FUNC(zpprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zppsv "BLAS_FUNC(zppsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zppsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zppsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zppsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zppsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, char *equed, d *s, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zppsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, char *equed, d *s, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zppsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, equed, s, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpptrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpptrf(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpptri "BLAS_FUNC(zpptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpptri(uplo, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpptrs "BLAS_FUNC(zpptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpstf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zpstf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpstf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpstf2(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpstrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpstrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpstrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *piv, int *rank, d *tol, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpstrf(uplo, n, a, lda, piv, rank, tol, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zptcon "BLAS_FUNC(zptcon)"(int *n, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zptcon(int *n, d *d, z *e, d *anorm, d *rcond, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zptcon(n, d, e, anorm, rcond, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpteqr "BLAS_FUNC(zpteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zptrfs "BLAS_FUNC(zptrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, d *df, npy_complex128 *ef, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zptrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, d *df, z *ef, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zptrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zptsv "BLAS_FUNC(zptsv)"(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zptsv(int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zptsv(n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zptsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zptsvx)"(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, d *df, npy_complex128 *ef, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zptsvx(char *fact, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, d *df, z *ef, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zptsvx(fact, n, nrhs, d, e, df, ef, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpttrf "BLAS_FUNC(zpttrf)"(int *n, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpttrf(int *n, d *d, z *e, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpttrf(n, d, e, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zpttrs "BLAS_FUNC(zpttrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zpttrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zpttrs(uplo, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zptts2 "BLAS_FUNC(zptts2)"(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, npy_complex128 *e, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void zptts2(int *iuplo, int *n, int *nrhs, d *d, z *e, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zptts2(iuplo, n, nrhs, d, e, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zrot "BLAS_FUNC(zrot)"(int *n, npy_complex128 *cx, int *incx, npy_complex128 *cy, int *incy, d *c, npy_complex128 *s) nogil +cdef void zrot(int *n, z *cx, int *incx, z *cy, int *incy, d *c, z *s) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zrot(n, cx, incx, cy, incy, c, s) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zspcon "BLAS_FUNC(zspcon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zspcon(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zspcon(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zspmv "BLAS_FUNC(zspmv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zspmv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *ap, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zspmv(uplo, n, alpha, ap, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zspr "BLAS_FUNC(zspr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *ap) nogil +cdef void zspr(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *ap) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zspr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, ap) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsprfs "BLAS_FUNC(zsprfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsprfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsprfs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zspsv "BLAS_FUNC(zspsv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zspsv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zspsv(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zspsvx "BLAS_FUNC(zspsvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *afp, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zspsvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *afp, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zspsvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, ap, afp, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsptrf "BLAS_FUNC(zsptrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsptrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsptrf(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsptri "BLAS_FUNC(zsptri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsptri(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsptri(uplo, n, ap, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsptrs "BLAS_FUNC(zsptrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsptrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsptrs(uplo, n, nrhs, ap, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zstedc "BLAS_FUNC(zstedc)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zstedc(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zstedc(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zstegr "BLAS_FUNC(zstegr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zstegr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, d *abstol, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *isuppz, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zstegr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, abstol, m, w, z, ldz, isuppz, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zstein "BLAS_FUNC(zstein)"(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) nogil +cdef void zstein(int *n, d *d, d *e, int *m, d *w, int *iblock, int *isplit, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *iwork, int *ifail, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zstein(n, d, e, m, w, iblock, isplit, z, ldz, work, iwork, ifail, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zstemr "BLAS_FUNC(zstemr)"(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zstemr(char *jobz, char *range, int *n, d *d, d *e, d *vl, d *vu, int *il, int *iu, int *m, d *w, z *z, int *ldz, int *nzc, int *isuppz, bint *tryrac, d *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zstemr(jobz, range, n, d, e, vl, vu, il, iu, m, w, z, ldz, nzc, isuppz, tryrac, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsteqr "BLAS_FUNC(zsteqr)"(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsteqr(char *compz, int *n, d *d, d *e, z *z, int *ldz, d *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsteqr(compz, n, d, e, z, ldz, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsycon "BLAS_FUNC(zsycon)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsycon(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, d *anorm, d *rcond, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsycon(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, anorm, rcond, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyconv "BLAS_FUNC(zsyconv)"(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsyconv(char *uplo, char *way, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyconv(uplo, way, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyequb "BLAS_FUNC(zsyequb)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsyequb(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *s, d *scond, d *amax, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyequb(uplo, n, a, lda, s, scond, amax, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsymv "BLAS_FUNC(zsymv)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *y, int *incy) nogil +cdef void zsymv(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, int *lda, z *x, int *incx, z *beta, z *y, int *incy) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsymv(uplo, n, alpha, a, lda, x, incx, beta, y, incy) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyr "BLAS_FUNC(zsyr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *x, int *incx, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda) nogil +cdef void zsyr(char *uplo, int *n, z *alpha, z *x, int *incx, z *a, int *lda) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyr(uplo, n, alpha, x, incx, a, lda) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyrfs "BLAS_FUNC(zsyrfs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsyrfs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyrfs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsysv "BLAS_FUNC(zsysv)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsysv(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsysv(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsysvx "BLAS_FUNC(zsysvx)"(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsysvx(char *fact, char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *af, int *ldaf, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *rcond, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsysvx(fact, uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, af, ldaf, ipiv, b, ldb, x, ldx, rcond, ferr, berr, work, lwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsyswapr "BLAS_FUNC(zsyswapr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) nogil +cdef void zsyswapr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *i1, int *i2) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsyswapr(uplo, n, a, lda, i1, i2) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytf2 "BLAS_FUNC(zsytf2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytf2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytf2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytrf "BLAS_FUNC(zsytrf)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytrf(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytrf(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytri "BLAS_FUNC(zsytri)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytri(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytri(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytri2 "BLAS_FUNC(zsytri2)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytri2(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytri2(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytri2x "BLAS_FUNC(zsytri2x)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *work, int *nb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytri2x(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *work, int *nb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytri2x(uplo, n, a, lda, ipiv, work, nb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytrs "BLAS_FUNC(zsytrs)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytrs(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytrs(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zsytrs2 "BLAS_FUNC(zsytrs2)"(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zsytrs2(char *uplo, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, int *ipiv, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zsytrs2(uplo, n, nrhs, a, lda, ipiv, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztbcon "BLAS_FUNC(ztbcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztbcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, z *ab, int *ldab, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztbcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, kd, ab, ldab, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztbrfs "BLAS_FUNC(ztbrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztbrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztbrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztbtrs "BLAS_FUNC(ztbtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ab, int *ldab, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztbtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *kd, int *nrhs, z *ab, int *ldab, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztbtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, kd, nrhs, ab, ldab, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztfsm "BLAS_FUNC(ztfsm)"(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *a, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb) nogil +cdef void ztfsm(char *transr, char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *m, int *n, z *alpha, z *a, z *b, int *ldb) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztfsm(transr, side, uplo, trans, diag, m, n, alpha, a, b, ldb) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztftri "BLAS_FUNC(ztftri)"(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztftri(char *transr, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztftri(transr, uplo, diag, n, a, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztfttp "BLAS_FUNC(ztfttp)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *arf, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztfttp(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *arf, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztfttp(transr, uplo, n, arf, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztfttr "BLAS_FUNC(ztfttr)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *arf, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztfttr(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *arf, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztfttr(transr, uplo, n, arf, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgevc "BLAS_FUNC(ztgevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *s, int *lds, npy_complex128 *p, int *ldp, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *s, int *lds, z *p, int *ldp, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgevc(side, howmny, select, n, s, lds, p, ldp, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgex2 "BLAS_FUNC(ztgex2)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgex2(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *j1, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgex2(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, j1, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgexc "BLAS_FUNC(ztgexc)"(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgexc(bint *wantq, bint *wantz, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgexc(wantq, wantz, n, a, lda, b, ldb, q, ldq, z, ldz, ifst, ilst, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgsen "BLAS_FUNC(ztgsen)"(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *alpha, npy_complex128 *beta, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgsen(int *ijob, bint *wantq, bint *wantz, bint *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *alpha, z *beta, z *q, int *ldq, z *z, int *ldz, int *m, d *pl, d *pr, d *dif, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *liwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgsen(ijob, wantq, wantz, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, alpha, beta, q, ldq, z, ldz, m, pl, pr, dif, work, lwork, iwork, liwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgsja "BLAS_FUNC(ztgsja)"(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, npy_complex128 *u, int *ldu, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *ncycle, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgsja(char *jobu, char *jobv, char *jobq, int *m, int *p, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, d *tola, d *tolb, d *alpha, d *beta, z *u, int *ldu, z *v, int *ldv, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *ncycle, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgsja(jobu, jobv, jobq, m, p, n, k, l, a, lda, b, ldb, tola, tolb, alpha, beta, u, ldu, v, ldv, q, ldq, work, ncycle, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgsna "BLAS_FUNC(ztgsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *dif, int *mm, int *m, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgsna(job, howmny, select, n, a, lda, b, ldb, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, dif, mm, m, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgsy2 "BLAS_FUNC(ztgsy2)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex128 *e, int *lde, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgsy2(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, z *d, int *ldd, z *e, int *lde, z *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *rdsum, d *rdscal, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgsy2(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, rdsum, rdscal, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztgsyl "BLAS_FUNC(ztgsyl)"(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *d, int *ldd, npy_complex128 *e, int *lde, npy_complex128 *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztgsyl(char *trans, int *ijob, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, z *d, int *ldd, z *e, int *lde, z *f, int *ldf, d *scale, d *dif, z *work, int *lwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztgsyl(trans, ijob, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, d, ldd, e, lde, f, ldf, scale, dif, work, lwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpcon "BLAS_FUNC(ztpcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, ap, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpmqrt "BLAS_FUNC(ztpmqrt)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpmqrt(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, int *nb, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpmqrt(side, trans, m, n, k, l, nb, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpqrt "BLAS_FUNC(ztpqrt)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpqrt(int *m, int *n, int *l, int *nb, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *t, int *ldt, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpqrt(m, n, l, nb, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpqrt2 "BLAS_FUNC(ztpqrt2)"(int *m, int *n, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpqrt2(int *m, int *n, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *t, int *ldt, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpqrt2(m, n, l, a, lda, b, ldb, t, ldt, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztprfb "BLAS_FUNC(ztprfb)"(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *v, int *ldv, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork) nogil +cdef void ztprfb(char *side, char *trans, char *direct, char *storev, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *v, int *ldv, z *t, int *ldt, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *work, int *ldwork) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztprfb(side, trans, direct, storev, m, n, k, l, v, ldv, t, ldt, a, lda, b, ldb, work, ldwork) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztprfs "BLAS_FUNC(ztprfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztprfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztprfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztptri "BLAS_FUNC(ztptri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztptri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztptri(uplo, diag, n, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztptrs "BLAS_FUNC(ztptrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztptrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *ap, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztptrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, ap, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpttf "BLAS_FUNC(ztpttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpttf(transr, uplo, n, ap, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztpttr "BLAS_FUNC(ztpttr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztpttr(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztpttr(uplo, n, ap, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrcon "BLAS_FUNC(ztrcon)"(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, d *rcond, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrcon(char *norm, char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, d *rcond, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrcon(norm, uplo, diag, n, a, lda, rcond, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrevc "BLAS_FUNC(ztrevc)"(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrevc(char *side, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, int *mm, int *m, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrevc(side, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, mm, m, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrexc "BLAS_FUNC(ztrexc)"(char *compq, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrexc(char *compq, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *q, int *ldq, int *ifst, int *ilst, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrexc(compq, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, ifst, ilst, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrrfs "BLAS_FUNC(ztrrfs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, npy_complex128 *work, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrrfs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *x, int *ldx, d *ferr, d *berr, z *work, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrrfs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, x, ldx, ferr, berr, work, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrsen "BLAS_FUNC(ztrsen)"(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *w, int *m, d *s, d *sep, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrsen(char *job, char *compq, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *q, int *ldq, z *w, int *m, d *s, d *sep, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrsen(job, compq, select, n, t, ldt, q, ldq, w, m, s, sep, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrsna "BLAS_FUNC(ztrsna)"(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, npy_complex128 *t, int *ldt, npy_complex128 *vl, int *ldvl, npy_complex128 *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, npy_complex128 *work, int *ldwork, d *rwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrsna(char *job, char *howmny, bint *select, int *n, z *t, int *ldt, z *vl, int *ldvl, z *vr, int *ldvr, d *s, d *sep, int *mm, int *m, z *work, int *ldwork, d *rwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrsna(job, howmny, select, n, t, ldt, vl, ldvl, vr, ldvr, s, sep, mm, m, work, ldwork, rwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrsyl "BLAS_FUNC(ztrsyl)"(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrsyl(char *trana, char *tranb, int *isgn, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, z *c, int *ldc, d *scale, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrsyl(trana, tranb, isgn, m, n, a, lda, b, ldb, c, ldc, scale, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrti2 "BLAS_FUNC(ztrti2)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrti2(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrti2(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrtri "BLAS_FUNC(ztrtri)"(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrtri(char *uplo, char *diag, int *n, z *a, int *lda, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrtri(uplo, diag, n, a, lda, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrtrs "BLAS_FUNC(ztrtrs)"(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *b, int *ldb, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrtrs(char *uplo, char *trans, char *diag, int *n, int *nrhs, z *a, int *lda, z *b, int *ldb, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrtrs(uplo, trans, diag, n, nrhs, a, lda, b, ldb, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrttf "BLAS_FUNC(ztrttf)"(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *arf, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrttf(char *transr, char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *arf, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrttf(transr, uplo, n, a, lda, arf, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztrttp "BLAS_FUNC(ztrttp)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *ap, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztrttp(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *ap, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztrttp(uplo, n, a, lda, ap, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_ztzrzf "BLAS_FUNC(ztzrzf)"(int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void ztzrzf(int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_ztzrzf(m, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunbdb "BLAS_FUNC(zunbdb)"(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex128 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex128 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex128 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex128 *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, npy_complex128 *taup1, npy_complex128 *taup2, npy_complex128 *tauq1, npy_complex128 *tauq2, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunbdb(char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, z *x11, int *ldx11, z *x12, int *ldx12, z *x21, int *ldx21, z *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, d *phi, z *taup1, z *taup2, z *tauq1, z *tauq2, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunbdb(trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, phi, taup1, taup2, tauq1, tauq2, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zuncsd "BLAS_FUNC(zuncsd)"(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, npy_complex128 *x11, int *ldx11, npy_complex128 *x12, int *ldx12, npy_complex128 *x21, int *ldx21, npy_complex128 *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, npy_complex128 *u1, int *ldu1, npy_complex128 *u2, int *ldu2, npy_complex128 *v1t, int *ldv1t, npy_complex128 *v2t, int *ldv2t, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zuncsd(char *jobu1, char *jobu2, char *jobv1t, char *jobv2t, char *trans, char *signs, int *m, int *p, int *q, z *x11, int *ldx11, z *x12, int *ldx12, z *x21, int *ldx21, z *x22, int *ldx22, d *theta, z *u1, int *ldu1, z *u2, int *ldu2, z *v1t, int *ldv1t, z *v2t, int *ldv2t, z *work, int *lwork, d *rwork, int *lrwork, int *iwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zuncsd(jobu1, jobu2, jobv1t, jobv2t, trans, signs, m, p, q, x11, ldx11, x12, ldx12, x21, ldx21, x22, ldx22, theta, u1, ldu1, u2, ldu2, v1t, ldv1t, v2t, ldv2t, work, lwork, rwork, lrwork, iwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zung2l "BLAS_FUNC(zung2l)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zung2l(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zung2l(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zung2r "BLAS_FUNC(zung2r)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zung2r(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zung2r(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungbr "BLAS_FUNC(zungbr)"(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungbr(char *vect, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungbr(vect, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunghr "BLAS_FUNC(zunghr)"(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunghr(int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunghr(n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungl2 "BLAS_FUNC(zungl2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungl2(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungl2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunglq "BLAS_FUNC(zunglq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunglq(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunglq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungql "BLAS_FUNC(zungql)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungql(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungql(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungqr "BLAS_FUNC(zungqr)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungqr(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungqr(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zungr2)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungr2(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungr2(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungrq "BLAS_FUNC(zungrq)"(int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungrq(int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungrq(m, n, k, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zungtr "BLAS_FUNC(zungtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zungtr(char *uplo, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zungtr(uplo, n, a, lda, tau, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunm2l "BLAS_FUNC(zunm2l)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunm2l(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunm2l(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunm2r "BLAS_FUNC(zunm2r)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunm2r(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunm2r(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmbr "BLAS_FUNC(zunmbr)"(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmbr(char *vect, char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmbr(vect, side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmhr "BLAS_FUNC(zunmhr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmhr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *ilo, int *ihi, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmhr(side, trans, m, n, ilo, ihi, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunml2 "BLAS_FUNC(zunml2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunml2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunml2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmlq "BLAS_FUNC(zunmlq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmlq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmlq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmql "BLAS_FUNC(zunmql)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmql(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmql(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmqr "BLAS_FUNC(zunmqr)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmqr(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmqr(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmr2 "BLAS_FUNC(zunmr2)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmr2(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmr2(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmr3 "BLAS_FUNC(zunmr3)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmr3(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmr3(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmrq "BLAS_FUNC(zunmrq)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmrq(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmrq(side, trans, m, n, k, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmrz "BLAS_FUNC(zunmrz)"(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmrz(char *side, char *trans, int *m, int *n, int *k, int *l, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmrz(side, trans, m, n, k, l, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zunmtr "BLAS_FUNC(zunmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *a, int *lda, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *lwork, int *info) nogil +cdef void zunmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *a, int *lda, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *lwork, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zunmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, a, lda, tau, c, ldc, work, lwork, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zupgtr "BLAS_FUNC(zupgtr)"(char *uplo, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *q, int *ldq, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zupgtr(char *uplo, int *n, z *ap, z *tau, z *q, int *ldq, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zupgtr(uplo, n, ap, tau, q, ldq, work, info) + + +cdef extern from "_lapack_subroutines.h": + void _fortran_zupmtr "BLAS_FUNC(zupmtr)"(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, npy_complex128 *ap, npy_complex128 *tau, npy_complex128 *c, int *ldc, npy_complex128 *work, int *info) nogil +cdef void zupmtr(char *side, char *uplo, char *trans, int *m, int *n, z *ap, z *tau, z *c, int *ldc, z *work, int *info) noexcept nogil: + + _fortran_zupmtr(side, uplo, trans, m, n, ap, tau, c, ldc, work, info) + + + +# Python accessible wrappers for testing: + +def _test_dlamch(cmach): + # This conversion is necessary to handle Python 3 strings. + cmach_bytes = bytes(cmach) + # Now that it is a bytes representation, a non-temporary variable + # must be passed as a part of the function call. + cdef char* cmach_char = cmach_bytes + return dlamch(cmach_char) + +def _test_slamch(cmach): + # This conversion is necessary to handle Python 3 strings. + cmach_bytes = bytes(cmach) + # Now that it is a bytes representation, a non-temporary variable + # must be passed as a part of the function call. + cdef char* cmach_char = cmach_bytes + return slamch(cmach_char) + +cpdef double complex _test_zladiv(double complex zx, double complex zy) noexcept nogil: + return zladiv(&zx, &zy) + +cpdef float complex _test_cladiv(float complex cx, float complex cy) noexcept nogil: + return cladiv(&cx, &cy) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0d82ab157ce3be763f63e453c9a6fee064557c85 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'eig', 'eigvals', 'eigh', 'eigvalsh', + 'eig_banded', 'eigvals_banded', + 'eigh_tridiagonal', 'eigvalsh_tridiagonal', 'hessenberg', 'cdf2rdf', + 'LinAlgError', 'norm', 'get_lapack_funcs' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp", + private_modules=["_decomp"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_cholesky.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_cholesky.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..92545a5c6af5fe7a4de13f8746b96696d68b5bd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_cholesky.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'cholesky', 'cho_factor', 'cho_solve', 'cholesky_banded', + 'cho_solve_banded', 'LinAlgError', 'get_lapack_funcs' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp_cholesky", + private_modules=["_decomp_cholesky"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_lu.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_lu.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d5d9a98a04a689fb735f81299e129dc7f307590 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_lu.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'lu', 'lu_solve', 'lu_factor', + 'LinAlgWarning', 'get_lapack_funcs', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp_lu", + private_modules=["_decomp_lu"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_qr.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_qr.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4ef58729412ce2c83310b7817a143d14b8f28c19 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_qr.py @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'qr', 'qr_multiply', 'rq', 'get_lapack_funcs' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp_qr", + private_modules=["_decomp_qr"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_schur.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_schur.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c3c6cc494db9b35dce8e4007c8c30d823b03881f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_schur.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'schur', 'rsf2csf', 'norm', 'LinAlgError', 'get_lapack_funcs', 'eigvals', +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp_schur", + private_modules=["_decomp_schur"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_svd.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_svd.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64d0ce8562f06a3837df050f0ea6b8b15a2b359e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/decomp_svd.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'svd', 'svdvals', 'diagsvd', 'orth', 'subspace_angles', 'null_space', + 'LinAlgError', 'get_lapack_funcs' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="decomp_svd", + private_modules=["_decomp_svd"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/interpolative.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/interpolative.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2550d4edfa443945a87d39a92b6a95da61cdac4b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/interpolative.py @@ -0,0 +1,941 @@ +# ****************************************************************************** +# Copyright (C) 2013 Kenneth L. Ho +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: +# +# Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this +# list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions in binary +# form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and +# the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials +# provided with the distribution. +# +# None of the names of the copyright holders may be used to endorse or +# promote products derived from this software without specific prior written +# permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" +# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE +# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR +# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF +# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN +# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) +# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE +# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +# ****************************************************************************** + +r""" +====================================================================== +Interpolative matrix decomposition (:mod:`scipy.linalg.interpolative`) +====================================================================== + +.. versionadded:: 0.13 + +.. versionchanged:: 1.15.0 + The underlying algorithms have been ported to Python from the original Fortran77 + code. See references below for more details. + +.. currentmodule:: scipy.linalg.interpolative + +An interpolative decomposition (ID) of a matrix :math:`A \in +\mathbb{C}^{m \times n}` of rank :math:`k \leq \min \{ m, n \}` is a +factorization + +.. math:: + A \Pi = + \begin{bmatrix} + A \Pi_{1} & A \Pi_{2} + \end{bmatrix} = + A \Pi_{1} + \begin{bmatrix} + I & T + \end{bmatrix}, + +where :math:`\Pi = [\Pi_{1}, \Pi_{2}]` is a permutation matrix with +:math:`\Pi_{1} \in \{ 0, 1 \}^{n \times k}`, i.e., :math:`A \Pi_{2} = +A \Pi_{1} T`. This can equivalently be written as :math:`A = BP`, +where :math:`B = A \Pi_{1}` and :math:`P = [I, T] \Pi^{\mathsf{T}}` +are the *skeleton* and *interpolation matrices*, respectively. + +If :math:`A` does not have exact rank :math:`k`, then there exists an +approximation in the form of an ID such that :math:`A = BP + E`, where +:math:`\| E \| \sim \sigma_{k + 1}` is on the order of the :math:`(k + +1)`-th largest singular value of :math:`A`. Note that :math:`\sigma_{k ++ 1}` is the best possible error for a rank-:math:`k` approximation +and, in fact, is achieved by the singular value decomposition (SVD) +:math:`A \approx U S V^{*}`, where :math:`U \in \mathbb{C}^{m \times +k}` and :math:`V \in \mathbb{C}^{n \times k}` have orthonormal columns +and :math:`S = \mathop{\mathrm{diag}} (\sigma_{i}) \in \mathbb{C}^{k +\times k}` is diagonal with nonnegative entries. The principal +advantages of using an ID over an SVD are that: + +- it is cheaper to construct; +- it preserves the structure of :math:`A`; and +- it is more efficient to compute with in light of the identity submatrix of :math:`P`. + +Routines +======== + +Main functionality: + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + interp_decomp + reconstruct_matrix_from_id + reconstruct_interp_matrix + reconstruct_skel_matrix + id_to_svd + svd + estimate_spectral_norm + estimate_spectral_norm_diff + estimate_rank + + +References +========== + +This module uses the algorithms found in ID software package [1]_ by Martinsson, +Rokhlin, Shkolnisky, and Tygert, which is a Fortran library for computing IDs using +various algorithms, including the rank-revealing QR approach of [2]_ and the more +recent randomized methods described in [3]_, [4]_, and [5]_. + +We advise the user to consult also the documentation for the `ID package +`_. + +.. [1] P.G. Martinsson, V. Rokhlin, Y. Shkolnisky, M. Tygert. "ID: a + software package for low-rank approximation of matrices via interpolative + decompositions, version 0.2." http://tygert.com/id_doc.4.pdf. + +.. [2] H. Cheng, Z. Gimbutas, P.G. Martinsson, V. Rokhlin. "On the + compression of low rank matrices." *SIAM J. Sci. Comput.* 26 (4): 1389--1404, + 2005. :doi:`10.1137/030602678`. + +.. [3] E. Liberty, F. Woolfe, P.G. Martinsson, V. Rokhlin, M. + Tygert. "Randomized algorithms for the low-rank approximation of matrices." + *Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.* 104 (51): 20167--20172, 2007. + :doi:`10.1073/pnas.0709640104`. + +.. [4] P.G. Martinsson, V. Rokhlin, M. Tygert. "A randomized + algorithm for the decomposition of matrices." *Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal.* 30 + (1): 47--68, 2011. :doi:`10.1016/j.acha.2010.02.003`. + +.. [5] F. Woolfe, E. Liberty, V. Rokhlin, M. Tygert. "A fast + randomized algorithm for the approximation of matrices." *Appl. Comput. + Harmon. Anal.* 25 (3): 335--366, 2008. :doi:`10.1016/j.acha.2007.12.002`. + + +Tutorial +======== + +Initializing +------------ + +The first step is to import :mod:`scipy.linalg.interpolative` by issuing the +command: + +>>> import scipy.linalg.interpolative as sli + +Now let's build a matrix. For this, we consider a Hilbert matrix, which is well +know to have low rank: + +>>> from scipy.linalg import hilbert +>>> n = 1000 +>>> A = hilbert(n) + +We can also do this explicitly via: + +>>> import numpy as np +>>> n = 1000 +>>> A = np.empty((n, n), order='F') +>>> for j in range(n): +... for i in range(n): +... A[i,j] = 1. / (i + j + 1) + +Note the use of the flag ``order='F'`` in :func:`numpy.empty`. This +instantiates the matrix in Fortran-contiguous order and is important for +avoiding data copying when passing to the backend. + +We then define multiplication routines for the matrix by regarding it as a +:class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`: + +>>> from scipy.sparse.linalg import aslinearoperator +>>> L = aslinearoperator(A) + +This automatically sets up methods describing the action of the matrix and its +adjoint on a vector. + +Computing an ID +--------------- + +We have several choices of algorithm to compute an ID. These fall largely +according to two dichotomies: + +1. how the matrix is represented, i.e., via its entries or via its action on a + vector; and +2. whether to approximate it to a fixed relative precision or to a fixed rank. + +We step through each choice in turn below. + +In all cases, the ID is represented by three parameters: + +1. a rank ``k``; +2. an index array ``idx``; and +3. interpolation coefficients ``proj``. + +The ID is specified by the relation +``np.dot(A[:,idx[:k]], proj) == A[:,idx[k:]]``. + +From matrix entries +................... + +We first consider a matrix given in terms of its entries. + +To compute an ID to a fixed precision, type: + +>>> eps = 1e-3 +>>> k, idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(A, eps) + +where ``eps < 1`` is the desired precision. + +To compute an ID to a fixed rank, use: + +>>> idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(A, k) + +where ``k >= 1`` is the desired rank. + +Both algorithms use random sampling and are usually faster than the +corresponding older, deterministic algorithms, which can be accessed via the +commands: + +>>> k, idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(A, eps, rand=False) + +and: + +>>> idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(A, k, rand=False) + +respectively. + +From matrix action +.................. + +Now consider a matrix given in terms of its action on a vector as a +:class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`. + +To compute an ID to a fixed precision, type: + +>>> k, idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(L, eps) + +To compute an ID to a fixed rank, use: + +>>> idx, proj = sli.interp_decomp(L, k) + +These algorithms are randomized. + +Reconstructing an ID +-------------------- + +The ID routines above do not output the skeleton and interpolation matrices +explicitly but instead return the relevant information in a more compact (and +sometimes more useful) form. To build these matrices, write: + +>>> B = sli.reconstruct_skel_matrix(A, k, idx) + +for the skeleton matrix and: + +>>> P = sli.reconstruct_interp_matrix(idx, proj) + +for the interpolation matrix. The ID approximation can then be computed as: + +>>> C = np.dot(B, P) + +This can also be constructed directly using: + +>>> C = sli.reconstruct_matrix_from_id(B, idx, proj) + +without having to first compute ``P``. + +Alternatively, this can be done explicitly as well using: + +>>> B = A[:,idx[:k]] +>>> P = np.hstack([np.eye(k), proj])[:,np.argsort(idx)] +>>> C = np.dot(B, P) + +Computing an SVD +---------------- + +An ID can be converted to an SVD via the command: + +>>> U, S, V = sli.id_to_svd(B, idx, proj) + +The SVD approximation is then: + +>>> approx = U @ np.diag(S) @ V.conj().T + +The SVD can also be computed "fresh" by combining both the ID and conversion +steps into one command. Following the various ID algorithms above, there are +correspondingly various SVD algorithms that one can employ. + +From matrix entries +................... + +We consider first SVD algorithms for a matrix given in terms of its entries. + +To compute an SVD to a fixed precision, type: + +>>> U, S, V = sli.svd(A, eps) + +To compute an SVD to a fixed rank, use: + +>>> U, S, V = sli.svd(A, k) + +Both algorithms use random sampling; for the deterministic versions, issue the +keyword ``rand=False`` as above. + +From matrix action +.................. + +Now consider a matrix given in terms of its action on a vector. + +To compute an SVD to a fixed precision, type: + +>>> U, S, V = sli.svd(L, eps) + +To compute an SVD to a fixed rank, use: + +>>> U, S, V = sli.svd(L, k) + +Utility routines +---------------- + +Several utility routines are also available. + +To estimate the spectral norm of a matrix, use: + +>>> snorm = sli.estimate_spectral_norm(A) + +This algorithm is based on the randomized power method and thus requires only +matrix-vector products. The number of iterations to take can be set using the +keyword ``its`` (default: ``its=20``). The matrix is interpreted as a +:class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`, but it is also valid to supply it +as a :class:`numpy.ndarray`, in which case it is trivially converted using +:func:`scipy.sparse.linalg.aslinearoperator`. + +The same algorithm can also estimate the spectral norm of the difference of two +matrices ``A1`` and ``A2`` as follows: + +>>> A1, A2 = A**2, A +>>> diff = sli.estimate_spectral_norm_diff(A1, A2) + +This is often useful for checking the accuracy of a matrix approximation. + +Some routines in :mod:`scipy.linalg.interpolative` require estimating the rank +of a matrix as well. This can be done with either: + +>>> k = sli.estimate_rank(A, eps) + +or: + +>>> k = sli.estimate_rank(L, eps) + +depending on the representation. The parameter ``eps`` controls the definition +of the numerical rank. + +Finally, the random number generation required for all randomized routines can +be controlled via providing NumPy pseudo-random generators with a fixed seed. See +:class:`numpy.random.Generator` and :func:`numpy.random.default_rng` for more details. + +Remarks +------- + +The above functions all automatically detect the appropriate interface and work +with both real and complex data types, passing input arguments to the proper +backend routine. + +""" + +import scipy.linalg._decomp_interpolative as _backend +import numpy as np + +__all__ = [ + 'estimate_rank', + 'estimate_spectral_norm', + 'estimate_spectral_norm_diff', + 'id_to_svd', + 'interp_decomp', + 'reconstruct_interp_matrix', + 'reconstruct_matrix_from_id', + 'reconstruct_skel_matrix', + 'svd', +] + +_DTYPE_ERROR = ValueError("invalid input dtype (input must be float64 or complex128)") +_TYPE_ERROR = TypeError("invalid input type (must be array or LinearOperator)") + + +def _C_contiguous_copy(A): + """ + Same as np.ascontiguousarray, but ensure a copy + """ + A = np.asarray(A) + if A.flags.c_contiguous: + A = A.copy() + else: + A = np.ascontiguousarray(A) + return A + + +def _is_real(A): + try: + if A.dtype == np.complex128: + return False + elif A.dtype == np.float64: + return True + else: + raise _DTYPE_ERROR + except AttributeError as e: + raise _TYPE_ERROR from e + + +def interp_decomp(A, eps_or_k, rand=True, rng=None): + """ + Compute ID of a matrix. + + An ID of a matrix `A` is a factorization defined by a rank `k`, a column + index array `idx`, and interpolation coefficients `proj` such that:: + + numpy.dot(A[:,idx[:k]], proj) = A[:,idx[k:]] + + The original matrix can then be reconstructed as:: + + numpy.hstack([A[:,idx[:k]], + numpy.dot(A[:,idx[:k]], proj)] + )[:,numpy.argsort(idx)] + + or via the routine :func:`reconstruct_matrix_from_id`. This can + equivalently be written as:: + + numpy.dot(A[:,idx[:k]], + numpy.hstack([numpy.eye(k), proj]) + )[:,np.argsort(idx)] + + in terms of the skeleton and interpolation matrices:: + + B = A[:,idx[:k]] + + and:: + + P = numpy.hstack([numpy.eye(k), proj])[:,np.argsort(idx)] + + respectively. See also :func:`reconstruct_interp_matrix` and + :func:`reconstruct_skel_matrix`. + + The ID can be computed to any relative precision or rank (depending on the + value of `eps_or_k`). If a precision is specified (`eps_or_k < 1`), then + this function has the output signature:: + + k, idx, proj = interp_decomp(A, eps_or_k) + + Otherwise, if a rank is specified (`eps_or_k >= 1`), then the output + signature is:: + + idx, proj = interp_decomp(A, eps_or_k) + + .. This function automatically detects the form of the input parameters + and passes them to the appropriate backend. For details, see + :func:`_backend.iddp_id`, :func:`_backend.iddp_aid`, + :func:`_backend.iddp_rid`, :func:`_backend.iddr_id`, + :func:`_backend.iddr_aid`, :func:`_backend.iddr_rid`, + :func:`_backend.idzp_id`, :func:`_backend.idzp_aid`, + :func:`_backend.idzp_rid`, :func:`_backend.idzr_id`, + :func:`_backend.idzr_aid`, and :func:`_backend.idzr_rid`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`numpy.ndarray` or :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` with `rmatvec` + Matrix to be factored + eps_or_k : float or int + Relative error (if ``eps_or_k < 1``) or rank (if ``eps_or_k >= 1``) of + approximation. + rand : bool, optional + Whether to use random sampling if `A` is of type :class:`numpy.ndarray` + (randomized algorithms are always used if `A` is of type + :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`). + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rand` is ``False``, the argument is ignored. + + Returns + ------- + k : int + Rank required to achieve specified relative precision if + ``eps_or_k < 1``. + idx : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Column index array. + proj : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Interpolation coefficients. + """ # numpy/numpydoc#87 # noqa: E501 + from scipy.sparse.linalg import LinearOperator + rng = np.random.default_rng(rng) + real = _is_real(A) + + if isinstance(A, np.ndarray): + A = _C_contiguous_copy(A) + if eps_or_k < 1: + eps = eps_or_k + if rand: + if real: + k, idx, proj = _backend.iddp_aid(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + k, idx, proj = _backend.idzp_aid(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + if real: + k, idx, proj = _backend.iddp_id(A, eps) + else: + k, idx, proj = _backend.idzp_id(A, eps) + return k, idx, proj + else: + k = int(eps_or_k) + if rand: + if real: + idx, proj = _backend.iddr_aid(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + idx, proj = _backend.idzr_aid(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + if real: + idx, proj = _backend.iddr_id(A, k) + else: + idx, proj = _backend.idzr_id(A, k) + return idx, proj + elif isinstance(A, LinearOperator): + + if eps_or_k < 1: + eps = eps_or_k + if real: + k, idx, proj = _backend.iddp_rid(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + k, idx, proj = _backend.idzp_rid(A, eps, rng=rng) + return k, idx, proj + else: + k = int(eps_or_k) + if real: + idx, proj = _backend.iddr_rid(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + idx, proj = _backend.idzr_rid(A, k, rng=rng) + return idx, proj + else: + raise _TYPE_ERROR + + +def reconstruct_matrix_from_id(B, idx, proj): + """ + Reconstruct matrix from its ID. + + A matrix `A` with skeleton matrix `B` and ID indices and coefficients `idx` + and `proj`, respectively, can be reconstructed as:: + + numpy.hstack([B, numpy.dot(B, proj)])[:,numpy.argsort(idx)] + + See also :func:`reconstruct_interp_matrix` and + :func:`reconstruct_skel_matrix`. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_reconid` and + :func:`_backend.idz_reconid`. + + Parameters + ---------- + B : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Skeleton matrix. + idx : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Column index array. + proj : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Interpolation coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Reconstructed matrix. + """ + B = np.atleast_2d(_C_contiguous_copy(B)) + if _is_real(B): + return _backend.idd_reconid(B, idx, proj) + else: + return _backend.idz_reconid(B, idx, proj) + + +def reconstruct_interp_matrix(idx, proj): + """ + Reconstruct interpolation matrix from ID. + + The interpolation matrix can be reconstructed from the ID indices and + coefficients `idx` and `proj`, respectively, as:: + + P = numpy.hstack([numpy.eye(proj.shape[0]), proj])[:,numpy.argsort(idx)] + + The original matrix can then be reconstructed from its skeleton matrix ``B`` + via ``A = B @ P`` + + See also :func:`reconstruct_matrix_from_id` and + :func:`reconstruct_skel_matrix`. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_reconint` and + :func:`_backend.idz_reconint`. + + Parameters + ---------- + idx : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + 1D column index array. + proj : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Interpolation coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Interpolation matrix. + """ + n, krank = len(idx), proj.shape[0] + if _is_real(proj): + p = np.zeros([krank, n], dtype=np.float64) + else: + p = np.zeros([krank, n], dtype=np.complex128) + + for ci in range(krank): + p[ci, idx[ci]] = 1.0 + p[:, idx[krank:]] = proj[:, :] + + return p + + +def reconstruct_skel_matrix(A, k, idx): + """ + Reconstruct skeleton matrix from ID. + + The skeleton matrix can be reconstructed from the original matrix `A` and its + ID rank and indices `k` and `idx`, respectively, as:: + + B = A[:,idx[:k]] + + The original matrix can then be reconstructed via:: + + numpy.hstack([B, numpy.dot(B, proj)])[:,numpy.argsort(idx)] + + See also :func:`reconstruct_matrix_from_id` and + :func:`reconstruct_interp_matrix`. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_copycols` and + :func:`_backend.idz_copycols`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Original matrix. + k : int + Rank of ID. + idx : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Column index array. + + Returns + ------- + :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Skeleton matrix. + """ + return A[:, idx[:k]] + + +def id_to_svd(B, idx, proj): + """ + Convert ID to SVD. + + The SVD reconstruction of a matrix with skeleton matrix `B` and ID indices and + coefficients `idx` and `proj`, respectively, is:: + + U, S, V = id_to_svd(B, idx, proj) + A = numpy.dot(U, numpy.dot(numpy.diag(S), V.conj().T)) + + See also :func:`svd`. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_id2svd` and + :func:`_backend.idz_id2svd`. + + Parameters + ---------- + B : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Skeleton matrix. + idx : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + 1D column index array. + proj : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Interpolation coefficients. + + Returns + ------- + U : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Left singular vectors. + S : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Singular values. + V : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + Right singular vectors. + """ + B = _C_contiguous_copy(B) + if _is_real(B): + U, S, V = _backend.idd_id2svd(B, idx, proj) + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idz_id2svd(B, idx, proj) + + return U, S, V + + +def estimate_spectral_norm(A, its=20, rng=None): + """ + Estimate spectral norm of a matrix by the randomized power method. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_snorm` and + :func:`_backend.idz_snorm`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + Matrix given as a :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` with the + `matvec` and `rmatvec` methods (to apply the matrix and its adjoint). + its : int, optional + Number of power method iterations. + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rand` is ``False``, the argument is ignored. + + Returns + ------- + float + Spectral norm estimate. + """ + from scipy.sparse.linalg import aslinearoperator + rng = np.random.default_rng(rng) + A = aslinearoperator(A) + + if _is_real(A): + return _backend.idd_snorm(A, its=its, rng=rng) + else: + return _backend.idz_snorm(A, its=its, rng=rng) + + +def estimate_spectral_norm_diff(A, B, its=20, rng=None): + """ + Estimate spectral norm of the difference of two matrices by the randomized + power method. + + .. This function automatically detects the matrix data type and calls the + appropriate backend. For details, see :func:`_backend.idd_diffsnorm` and + :func:`_backend.idz_diffsnorm`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + First matrix given as a :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` with the + `matvec` and `rmatvec` methods (to apply the matrix and its adjoint). + B : :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + Second matrix given as a :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` with + the `matvec` and `rmatvec` methods (to apply the matrix and its adjoint). + its : int, optional + Number of power method iterations. + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rand` is ``False``, the argument is ignored. + + Returns + ------- + float + Spectral norm estimate of matrix difference. + """ + from scipy.sparse.linalg import aslinearoperator + rng = np.random.default_rng(rng) + A = aslinearoperator(A) + B = aslinearoperator(B) + + if _is_real(A): + return _backend.idd_diffsnorm(A, B, its=its, rng=rng) + else: + return _backend.idz_diffsnorm(A, B, its=its, rng=rng) + + +def svd(A, eps_or_k, rand=True, rng=None): + """ + Compute SVD of a matrix via an ID. + + An SVD of a matrix `A` is a factorization:: + + A = U @ np.diag(S) @ V.conj().T + + where `U` and `V` have orthonormal columns and `S` is nonnegative. + + The SVD can be computed to any relative precision or rank (depending on the + value of `eps_or_k`). + + See also :func:`interp_decomp` and :func:`id_to_svd`. + + .. This function automatically detects the form of the input parameters and + passes them to the appropriate backend. For details, see + :func:`_backend.iddp_svd`, :func:`_backend.iddp_asvd`, + :func:`_backend.iddp_rsvd`, :func:`_backend.iddr_svd`, + :func:`_backend.iddr_asvd`, :func:`_backend.iddr_rsvd`, + :func:`_backend.idzp_svd`, :func:`_backend.idzp_asvd`, + :func:`_backend.idzp_rsvd`, :func:`_backend.idzr_svd`, + :func:`_backend.idzr_asvd`, and :func:`_backend.idzr_rsvd`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`numpy.ndarray` or :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + Matrix to be factored, given as either a :class:`numpy.ndarray` or a + :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` with the `matvec` and + `rmatvec` methods (to apply the matrix and its adjoint). + eps_or_k : float or int + Relative error (if ``eps_or_k < 1``) or rank (if ``eps_or_k >= 1``) of + approximation. + rand : bool, optional + Whether to use random sampling if `A` is of type :class:`numpy.ndarray` + (randomized algorithms are always used if `A` is of type + :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`). + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rand` is ``False``, the argument is ignored. + + Returns + ------- + U : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + 2D array of left singular vectors. + S : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + 1D array of singular values. + V : :class:`numpy.ndarray` + 2D array right singular vectors. + """ + from scipy.sparse.linalg import LinearOperator + rng = np.random.default_rng(rng) + + real = _is_real(A) + + if isinstance(A, np.ndarray): + A = _C_contiguous_copy(A) + if eps_or_k < 1: + eps = eps_or_k + if rand: + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddp_asvd(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzp_asvd(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddp_svd(A, eps) + V = V.T.conj() + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzp_svd(A, eps) + V = V.T.conj() + else: + k = int(eps_or_k) + if k > min(A.shape): + raise ValueError(f"Approximation rank {k} exceeds min(A.shape) = " + f" {min(A.shape)} ") + if rand: + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddr_asvd(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzr_asvd(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddr_svd(A, k) + V = V.T.conj() + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzr_svd(A, k) + V = V.T.conj() + elif isinstance(A, LinearOperator): + if eps_or_k < 1: + eps = eps_or_k + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddp_rsvd(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzp_rsvd(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + k = int(eps_or_k) + if real: + U, S, V = _backend.iddr_rsvd(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + U, S, V = _backend.idzr_rsvd(A, k, rng=rng) + else: + raise _TYPE_ERROR + return U, S, V + + +def estimate_rank(A, eps, rng=None): + """ + Estimate matrix rank to a specified relative precision using randomized + methods. + + The matrix `A` can be given as either a :class:`numpy.ndarray` or a + :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator`, with different algorithms used + for each case. If `A` is of type :class:`numpy.ndarray`, then the output + rank is typically about 8 higher than the actual numerical rank. + + .. This function automatically detects the form of the input parameters and + passes them to the appropriate backend. For details, + see :func:`_backend.idd_estrank`, :func:`_backend.idd_findrank`, + :func:`_backend.idz_estrank`, and :func:`_backend.idz_findrank`. + + Parameters + ---------- + A : :class:`numpy.ndarray` or :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + Matrix whose rank is to be estimated, given as either a + :class:`numpy.ndarray` or a :class:`scipy.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator` + with the `rmatvec` method (to apply the matrix adjoint). + eps : float + Relative error for numerical rank definition. + rng : `numpy.random.Generator`, optional + Pseudorandom number generator state. When `rng` is None, a new + `numpy.random.Generator` is created using entropy from the + operating system. Types other than `numpy.random.Generator` are + passed to `numpy.random.default_rng` to instantiate a ``Generator``. + If `rand` is ``False``, the argument is ignored. + + Returns + ------- + int + Estimated matrix rank. + """ + from scipy.sparse.linalg import LinearOperator + + rng = np.random.default_rng(rng) + real = _is_real(A) + + if isinstance(A, np.ndarray): + A = _C_contiguous_copy(A) + if real: + rank, _ = _backend.idd_estrank(A, eps, rng=rng) + else: + rank, _ = _backend.idz_estrank(A, eps, rng=rng) + if rank == 0: + # special return value for nearly full rank + rank = min(A.shape) + return rank + elif isinstance(A, LinearOperator): + if real: + return _backend.idd_findrank(A, eps, rng=rng)[0] + else: + return _backend.idz_findrank(A, eps, rng=rng)[0] + else: + raise _TYPE_ERROR diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/lapack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/lapack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f73ef3183f07a188326d89ae640b99df576e3c8e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/lapack.py @@ -0,0 +1,1119 @@ +""" +Low-level LAPACK functions (:mod:`scipy.linalg.lapack`) +======================================================= + +This module contains low-level functions from the LAPACK library. + +.. versionadded:: 0.12.0 + +.. note:: + + The common ``overwrite_<>`` option in many routines, allows the + input arrays to be overwritten to avoid extra memory allocation. + However this requires the array to satisfy two conditions + which are memory order and the data type to match exactly the + order and the type expected by the routine. + + As an example, if you pass a double precision float array to any + ``S....`` routine which expects single precision arguments, f2py + will create an intermediate array to match the argument types and + overwriting will be performed on that intermediate array. + + Similarly, if a C-contiguous array is passed, f2py will pass a + FORTRAN-contiguous array internally. Please make sure that these + details are satisfied. More information can be found in the f2py + documentation. + +.. warning:: + + These functions do little to no error checking. + It is possible to cause crashes by mis-using them, + so prefer using the higher-level routines in `scipy.linalg`. + +Finding functions +----------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + get_lapack_funcs + +All functions +------------- + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + sgbcon + dgbcon + cgbcon + zgbcon + + sgbsv + dgbsv + cgbsv + zgbsv + + sgbtrf + dgbtrf + cgbtrf + zgbtrf + + sgbtrs + dgbtrs + cgbtrs + zgbtrs + + sgebal + dgebal + cgebal + zgebal + + sgecon + dgecon + cgecon + zgecon + + sgeequ + dgeequ + cgeequ + zgeequ + + sgeequb + dgeequb + cgeequb + zgeequb + + sgees + dgees + cgees + zgees + + sgeev + dgeev + cgeev + zgeev + + sgeev_lwork + dgeev_lwork + cgeev_lwork + zgeev_lwork + + sgehrd + dgehrd + cgehrd + zgehrd + + sgehrd_lwork + dgehrd_lwork + cgehrd_lwork + zgehrd_lwork + + sgejsv + dgejsv + + sgels + dgels + cgels + zgels + + sgels_lwork + dgels_lwork + cgels_lwork + zgels_lwork + + sgelsd + dgelsd + cgelsd + zgelsd + + sgelsd_lwork + dgelsd_lwork + cgelsd_lwork + zgelsd_lwork + + sgelss + dgelss + cgelss + zgelss + + sgelss_lwork + dgelss_lwork + cgelss_lwork + zgelss_lwork + + sgelsy + dgelsy + cgelsy + zgelsy + + sgelsy_lwork + dgelsy_lwork + cgelsy_lwork + zgelsy_lwork + + sgeqp3 + dgeqp3 + cgeqp3 + zgeqp3 + + sgeqrf + dgeqrf + cgeqrf + zgeqrf + + sgeqrf_lwork + dgeqrf_lwork + cgeqrf_lwork + zgeqrf_lwork + + sgeqrfp + dgeqrfp + cgeqrfp + zgeqrfp + + sgeqrfp_lwork + dgeqrfp_lwork + cgeqrfp_lwork + zgeqrfp_lwork + + sgerqf + dgerqf + cgerqf + zgerqf + + sgesdd + dgesdd + cgesdd + zgesdd + + sgesdd_lwork + dgesdd_lwork + cgesdd_lwork + zgesdd_lwork + + sgesv + dgesv + cgesv + zgesv + + sgesvd + dgesvd + cgesvd + zgesvd + + sgesvd_lwork + dgesvd_lwork + cgesvd_lwork + zgesvd_lwork + + sgesvx + dgesvx + cgesvx + zgesvx + + sgetrf + dgetrf + cgetrf + zgetrf + + sgetc2 + dgetc2 + cgetc2 + zgetc2 + + sgetri + dgetri + cgetri + zgetri + + sgetri_lwork + dgetri_lwork + cgetri_lwork + zgetri_lwork + + sgetrs + dgetrs + cgetrs + zgetrs + + sgesc2 + dgesc2 + cgesc2 + zgesc2 + + sgges + dgges + cgges + zgges + + sggev + dggev + cggev + zggev + + sgglse + dgglse + cgglse + zgglse + + sgglse_lwork + dgglse_lwork + cgglse_lwork + zgglse_lwork + + sgtsv + dgtsv + cgtsv + zgtsv + + sgtsvx + dgtsvx + cgtsvx + zgtsvx + + chbevd + zhbevd + + chbevx + zhbevx + + checon + zhecon + + cheequb + zheequb + + cheev + zheev + + cheev_lwork + zheev_lwork + + cheevd + zheevd + + cheevd_lwork + zheevd_lwork + + cheevr + zheevr + + cheevr_lwork + zheevr_lwork + + cheevx + zheevx + + cheevx_lwork + zheevx_lwork + + chegst + zhegst + + chegv + zhegv + + chegv_lwork + zhegv_lwork + + chegvd + zhegvd + + chegvx + zhegvx + + chegvx_lwork + zhegvx_lwork + + chesv + zhesv + + chesv_lwork + zhesv_lwork + + chesvx + zhesvx + + chesvx_lwork + zhesvx_lwork + + chetrd + zhetrd + + chetrd_lwork + zhetrd_lwork + + chetrf + zhetrf + + chetrf_lwork + zhetrf_lwork + + chetri + zhetri + + chetrs + zhetrs + + chfrk + zhfrk + + slamch + dlamch + + slangb + dlangb + clangb + zlangb + + slange + dlange + clange + zlange + + slantr + dlantr + clantr + zlantr + + slarf + dlarf + clarf + zlarf + + slarfg + dlarfg + clarfg + zlarfg + + slartg + dlartg + clartg + zlartg + + slasd4 + dlasd4 + + slaswp + dlaswp + claswp + zlaswp + + slauum + dlauum + clauum + zlauum + + sorcsd + dorcsd + sorcsd_lwork + dorcsd_lwork + + sorghr + dorghr + sorghr_lwork + dorghr_lwork + + sorgqr + dorgqr + + sorgrq + dorgrq + + sormqr + dormqr + + sormrz + dormrz + + sormrz_lwork + dormrz_lwork + + spbsv + dpbsv + cpbsv + zpbsv + + spbtrf + dpbtrf + cpbtrf + zpbtrf + + spbtrs + dpbtrs + cpbtrs + zpbtrs + + spftrf + dpftrf + cpftrf + zpftrf + + spftri + dpftri + cpftri + zpftri + + spftrs + dpftrs + cpftrs + zpftrs + + spocon + dpocon + cpocon + zpocon + + spstrf + dpstrf + cpstrf + zpstrf + + spstf2 + dpstf2 + cpstf2 + zpstf2 + + sposv + dposv + cposv + zposv + + sposvx + dposvx + cposvx + zposvx + + spotrf + dpotrf + cpotrf + zpotrf + + spotri + dpotri + cpotri + zpotri + + spotrs + dpotrs + cpotrs + zpotrs + + sppcon + dppcon + cppcon + zppcon + + sppsv + dppsv + cppsv + zppsv + + spptrf + dpptrf + cpptrf + zpptrf + + spptri + dpptri + cpptri + zpptri + + spptrs + dpptrs + cpptrs + zpptrs + + sptsv + dptsv + cptsv + zptsv + + sptsvx + dptsvx + cptsvx + zptsvx + + spttrf + dpttrf + cpttrf + zpttrf + + spttrs + dpttrs + cpttrs + zpttrs + + spteqr + dpteqr + cpteqr + zpteqr + + crot + zrot + + ssbev + dsbev + + ssbevd + dsbevd + + ssbevx + dsbevx + + ssfrk + dsfrk + + sstebz + dstebz + + sstein + dstein + + sstemr + dstemr + + sstemr_lwork + dstemr_lwork + + ssterf + dsterf + + sstev + dstev + + sstevd + dstevd + + ssycon + dsycon + csycon + zsycon + + ssyconv + dsyconv + csyconv + zsyconv + + ssyequb + dsyequb + csyequb + zsyequb + + ssyev + dsyev + + ssyev_lwork + dsyev_lwork + + ssyevd + dsyevd + + ssyevd_lwork + dsyevd_lwork + + ssyevr + dsyevr + + ssyevr_lwork + dsyevr_lwork + + ssyevx + dsyevx + + ssyevx_lwork + dsyevx_lwork + + ssygst + dsygst + + ssygv + dsygv + + ssygv_lwork + dsygv_lwork + + ssygvd + dsygvd + + ssygvx + dsygvx + + ssygvx_lwork + dsygvx_lwork + + ssysv + dsysv + csysv + zsysv + + ssysv_lwork + dsysv_lwork + csysv_lwork + zsysv_lwork + + ssysvx + dsysvx + csysvx + zsysvx + + ssysvx_lwork + dsysvx_lwork + csysvx_lwork + zsysvx_lwork + + ssytf2 + dsytf2 + csytf2 + zsytf2 + + ssytrd + dsytrd + + ssytrd_lwork + dsytrd_lwork + + ssytrf + dsytrf + csytrf + zsytrf + + ssytrf_lwork + dsytrf_lwork + csytrf_lwork + zsytrf_lwork + + ssytri + dsytri + csytri + zsytri + + ssytrs + dsytrs + csytrs + zsytrs + + stbtrs + dtbtrs + ctbtrs + ztbtrs + + stfsm + dtfsm + ctfsm + ztfsm + + stfttp + dtfttp + ctfttp + ztfttp + + stfttr + dtfttr + ctfttr + ztfttr + + stgexc + dtgexc + ctgexc + ztgexc + + stgsen + dtgsen + ctgsen + ztgsen + + stgsen_lwork + dtgsen_lwork + ctgsen_lwork + ztgsen_lwork + + stgsyl + dtgsyl + + stpttf + dtpttf + ctpttf + ztpttf + + stpttr + dtpttr + ctpttr + ztpttr + + strcon + dtrcon + ctrcon + ztrcon + + strexc + dtrexc + ctrexc + ztrexc + + strsen + dtrsen + ctrsen + ztrsen + + strsen_lwork + dtrsen_lwork + ctrsen_lwork + ztrsen_lwork + + strsyl + dtrsyl + ctrsyl + ztrsyl + + strtri + dtrtri + ctrtri + ztrtri + + strtrs + dtrtrs + ctrtrs + ztrtrs + + strttf + dtrttf + ctrttf + ztrttf + + strttp + dtrttp + ctrttp + ztrttp + + stzrzf + dtzrzf + ctzrzf + ztzrzf + + stzrzf_lwork + dtzrzf_lwork + ctzrzf_lwork + ztzrzf_lwork + + cunghr + zunghr + + cunghr_lwork + zunghr_lwork + + cungqr + zungqr + + cungrq + zungrq + + cunmqr + zunmqr + + sgeqrt + dgeqrt + cgeqrt + zgeqrt + + sgemqrt + dgemqrt + cgemqrt + zgemqrt + + sgttrf + dgttrf + cgttrf + zgttrf + + sgttrs + dgttrs + cgttrs + zgttrs + + sgtcon + dgtcon + cgtcon + zgtcon + + stpqrt + dtpqrt + ctpqrt + ztpqrt + + stpmqrt + dtpmqrt + ctpmqrt + ztpmqrt + + cuncsd + zuncsd + + cuncsd_lwork + zuncsd_lwork + + cunmrz + zunmrz + + cunmrz_lwork + zunmrz_lwork + + ilaver + +""" +# +# Author: Pearu Peterson, March 2002 +# + +import numpy as np +from .blas import ( + _get_funcs, _memoize_get_funcs, + find_best_blas_type as find_best_lapack_type # to appease the name test +) +from scipy.linalg import _flapack +from re import compile as regex_compile +try: + from scipy.linalg import _clapack +except ImportError: + _clapack = None + +from scipy.__config__ import CONFIG +HAS_ILP64 = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['lapack']['has ilp64'] +del CONFIG +_flapack_64 = None +if HAS_ILP64: + from scipy.linalg import _flapack_64 + + +# Expose all functions (only flapack --- clapack is an implementation detail) +empty_module = None +from scipy.linalg._flapack import * # noqa: E402, F403 +del empty_module + +__all__ = ['get_lapack_funcs'] + +# some convenience alias for complex functions +_lapack_alias = { + 'corghr': 'cunghr', 'zorghr': 'zunghr', + 'corghr_lwork': 'cunghr_lwork', 'zorghr_lwork': 'zunghr_lwork', + 'corgqr': 'cungqr', 'zorgqr': 'zungqr', + 'cormqr': 'cunmqr', 'zormqr': 'zunmqr', + 'corgrq': 'cungrq', 'zorgrq': 'zungrq', +} + + +# Place guards against docstring rendering issues with special characters +p1 = regex_compile(r'with bounds (?P.*?)( and (?P.*?) storage){0,1}\n') +p2 = regex_compile(r'Default: (?P.*?)\n') + + +def backtickrepl(m): + if m.group('s'): + return (f"with bounds ``{m.group('b')}`` with ``{m.group('s')}`` storage\n") + else: + return f"with bounds ``{m.group('b')}``\n" + + +for routine in [ssyevr, dsyevr, cheevr, zheevr, + ssyevx, dsyevx, cheevx, zheevx, + ssygvd, dsygvd, chegvd, zhegvd]: + if routine.__doc__: + routine.__doc__ = p1.sub(backtickrepl, routine.__doc__) + routine.__doc__ = p2.sub('Default ``\\1``\n', routine.__doc__) + else: + continue + +del regex_compile, p1, p2, backtickrepl + + +@_memoize_get_funcs +def get_lapack_funcs(names, arrays=(), dtype=None, ilp64=False): + """Return available LAPACK function objects from names. + + Arrays are used to determine the optimal prefix of LAPACK routines. + + Parameters + ---------- + names : str or sequence of str + Name(s) of LAPACK functions without type prefix. + + arrays : sequence of ndarrays, optional + Arrays can be given to determine optimal prefix of LAPACK + routines. If not given, double-precision routines will be + used, otherwise the most generic type in arrays will be used. + + dtype : str or dtype, optional + Data-type specifier. Not used if `arrays` is non-empty. + + ilp64 : {True, False, 'preferred'}, optional + Whether to return ILP64 routine variant. + Choosing 'preferred' returns ILP64 routine if available, and + otherwise the 32-bit routine. Default: False + + Returns + ------- + funcs : list + List containing the found function(s). + + Notes + ----- + This routine automatically chooses between Fortran/C + interfaces. Fortran code is used whenever possible for arrays with + column major order. In all other cases, C code is preferred. + + In LAPACK, the naming convention is that all functions start with a + type prefix, which depends on the type of the principal + matrix. These can be one of {'s', 'd', 'c', 'z'} for the NumPy + types {float32, float64, complex64, complex128} respectively, and + are stored in attribute ``typecode`` of the returned functions. + + Examples + -------- + Suppose we would like to use '?lange' routine which computes the selected + norm of an array. We pass our array in order to get the correct 'lange' + flavor. + + >>> import numpy as np + >>> import scipy.linalg as LA + >>> rng = np.random.default_rng() + + >>> a = rng.random((3,2)) + >>> x_lange = LA.get_lapack_funcs('lange', (a,)) + >>> x_lange.typecode + 'd' + >>> x_lange = LA.get_lapack_funcs('lange',(a*1j,)) + >>> x_lange.typecode + 'z' + + Several LAPACK routines work best when its internal WORK array has + the optimal size (big enough for fast computation and small enough to + avoid waste of memory). This size is determined also by a dedicated query + to the function which is often wrapped as a standalone function and + commonly denoted as ``###_lwork``. Below is an example for ``?sysv`` + + >>> a = rng.random((1000, 1000)) + >>> b = rng.random((1000, 1)) * 1j + >>> # We pick up zsysv and zsysv_lwork due to b array + ... xsysv, xlwork = LA.get_lapack_funcs(('sysv', 'sysv_lwork'), (a, b)) + >>> opt_lwork, _ = xlwork(a.shape[0]) # returns a complex for 'z' prefix + >>> udut, ipiv, x, info = xsysv(a, b, lwork=int(opt_lwork.real)) + + """ + if isinstance(ilp64, str): + if ilp64 == 'preferred': + ilp64 = HAS_ILP64 + else: + raise ValueError("Invalid value for 'ilp64'") + + if not ilp64: + return _get_funcs(names, arrays, dtype, + "LAPACK", _flapack, _clapack, + "flapack", "clapack", _lapack_alias, + ilp64=False) + else: + if not HAS_ILP64: + raise RuntimeError("LAPACK ILP64 routine requested, but Scipy " + "compiled only with 32-bit BLAS") + return _get_funcs(names, arrays, dtype, + "LAPACK", _flapack_64, None, + "flapack_64", None, _lapack_alias, + ilp64=True) + + +_int32_max = np.iinfo(np.int32).max +_int64_max = np.iinfo(np.int64).max + + +def _compute_lwork(routine, *args, **kwargs): + """ + Round floating-point lwork returned by lapack to integer. + + Several LAPACK routines compute optimal values for LWORK, which + they return in a floating-point variable. However, for large + values of LWORK, single-precision floating point is not sufficient + to hold the exact value --- some LAPACK versions (<= 3.5.0 at + least) truncate the returned integer to single precision and in + some cases this can be smaller than the required value. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from scipy.linalg import lapack + >>> n = 5000 + >>> s_r, s_lw = lapack.get_lapack_funcs(('sysvx', 'sysvx_lwork')) + >>> lwork = lapack._compute_lwork(s_lw, n) + >>> lwork + 32000 + + """ + dtype = getattr(routine, 'dtype', None) + int_dtype = getattr(routine, 'int_dtype', None) + ret = routine(*args, **kwargs) + if ret[-1] != 0: + raise ValueError(f"Internal work array size computation failed: {ret[-1]}") + + if len(ret) == 2: + return _check_work_float(ret[0].real, dtype, int_dtype) + else: + return tuple(_check_work_float(x.real, dtype, int_dtype) + for x in ret[:-1]) + + +def _check_work_float(value, dtype, int_dtype): + """ + Convert LAPACK-returned work array size float to integer, + carefully for single-precision types. + """ + + if dtype == np.float32 or dtype == np.complex64: + # Single-precision routine -- take next fp value to work + # around possible truncation in LAPACK code + value = np.nextafter(value, np.inf, dtype=np.float32) + + value = int(value) + if int_dtype.itemsize == 4: + if value < 0 or value > _int32_max: + raise ValueError("Too large work array required -- computation " + "cannot be performed with standard 32-bit" + " LAPACK.") + elif int_dtype.itemsize == 8: + if value < 0 or value > _int64_max: + raise ValueError("Too large work array required -- computation" + " cannot be performed with standard 64-bit" + " LAPACK.") + return value + + +# The numpy facilities for type-casting checks are too slow for small sized +# arrays and eat away the time budget for the checkups. Here we set a +# precomputed dict container of the numpy.can_cast() table. + +# It can be used to determine quickly what a dtype can be cast to LAPACK +# compatible types, i.e., 'float32, float64, complex64, complex128'. +# Then it can be checked via "casting_dict[arr.dtype.char]" + +# TODO unify "normalization" functions below, see gh-24505 + +_lapack_cast_dict = {x: ''.join([y for y in 'fdFD' if np.can_cast(x, y)]) + for x in np.typecodes['All']} + +def _normalize_lapack_dtype(a, overwrite_a): + """Make sure an input array has a LAPACK-compatible dtype, cast and copy otherwise. + """ + _, dtyp, _ = find_best_lapack_type((a,)) + needs_copy = dtyp.char != a.dtype.char # .char to tell 'g' from 'd' on arm + if needs_copy: + a = a.astype(dtyp) # makes a copy, free to scratch + return a, overwrite_a or needs_copy + + +def _normalize_lapack_dtype1(a, overwrite_a): + if a.dtype.char not in 'fdFD': + dtype_char = _lapack_cast_dict[a.dtype.char] + if not dtype_char: # No casting possible + raise TypeError(f'The dtype {a.dtype} cannot be cast ' + 'to float(32, 64) or complex(64, 128).') + + a = a.astype(dtype_char[0]) # makes a copy, free to scratch + overwrite_a = True + return a, overwrite_a diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/matfuncs.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/matfuncs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9ec8123b3ad8df096d5791c29bb28cce8271d4ad --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/matfuncs.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'expm', 'cosm', 'sinm', 'tanm', 'coshm', 'sinhm', + 'tanhm', 'logm', 'funm', 'signm', 'sqrtm', + 'expm_frechet', 'expm_cond', 'fractional_matrix_power', + 'khatri_rao', 'norm', 'solve', 'inv', 'svd', 'schur', 'rsf2csf' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="matfuncs", + private_modules=["_matfuncs"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/misc.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/misc.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1fad087489c6a24c8e33df54b811b6c37a3a46d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/misc.py @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'LinAlgError', 'LinAlgWarning', 'norm', 'get_blas_funcs', + 'get_lapack_funcs' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="misc", + private_modules=["_misc"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/special_matrices.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/special_matrices.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4810e8a4506730dadc7072ee0748870542c173bb --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/special_matrices.py @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +# This file is not meant for public use and will be removed in SciPy v2.0.0. +# Use the `scipy.linalg` namespace for importing the functions +# included below. + +from scipy._lib.deprecation import _sub_module_deprecation + +__all__ = [ # noqa: F822 + 'toeplitz', 'circulant', 'hankel', + 'hadamard', 'leslie', 'block_diag', 'companion', + 'helmert', 'hilbert', 'invhilbert', 'pascal', 'invpascal', 'dft', + 'fiedler', 'fiedler_companion', 'convolution_matrix' +] + + +def __dir__(): + return __all__ + + +def __getattr__(name): + return _sub_module_deprecation(sub_package="linalg", module="special_matrices", + private_modules=["_special_matrices"], all=__all__, + attribute=name) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___init__.py differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___pycache__ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___pycache__ new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/.___pycache__ differ 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+cpdef tridiag(double[:] a, double[:] b, double[:] c, double[:] x): + """ Solve the system A y = x for y where A is the tridiagonal matrix with + subdiagonal 'a', diagonal 'b', and superdiagonal 'c'. """ + cdef int n=b.shape[0], nrhs=1, info + # Solution is written over the values in x. + dgtsv(&n, &nrhs, &a[0], &b[0], &c[0], &x[0], &n, &info) + +cpdef float complex complex_dot(float complex[:] cx, float complex[:] cy): + """ Take dot product of two complex vectors """ + cdef: + int n = cx.shape[0] + int incx = cx.strides[0] // sizeof(cx[0]) + int incy = cy.strides[0] // sizeof(cy[0]) + return cdotu(&n, &cx[0], &incx, &cy[0], &incy) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/_cython_examples/meson.build b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/_cython_examples/meson.build new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7440fac7f2ecac0b6a43e73508c33829c60699f --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/_cython_examples/meson.build @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +project('random-build-examples', 'c', 'cpp', 'cython') + +fs = import('fs') + +py3 = import('python').find_installation(pure: false) + +cy = meson.get_compiler('cython') + +if not cy.version().version_compare('>=3.0.8') + error('tests requires Cython >= 3.0.8') +endif + +cython_args = [] +if cy.version().version_compare('>=3.1.0') + cython_args += ['-Xfreethreading_compatible=True'] +endif + +py3.extension_module( + 'extending', + 'extending.pyx', + install: false, + cython_args: cython_args, + c_args: ['-DCYTHON_CCOMPLEX=0'] # see gh-18975 for why we need this +) + +extending_cpp = fs.copyfile('extending.pyx', 'extending_cpp.pyx') +py3.extension_module( + 'extending_cpp', + extending_cpp, + install: false, + override_options : ['cython_language=cpp'], + cython_args: cython_args, + cpp_args: ['-DCYTHON_CCOMPLEX=0'] # see gh-18975 for why we need this +) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/data/._carex_15_data.npz b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/data/._carex_15_data.npz new file mode 100644 index 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b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/data/gendare_20170120_data.npz new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ff967f2ca0d0868aacf7d7e67402599e64bab817 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/data/gendare_20170120_data.npz @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:a3dfab451d9d5c20243e0ed85cd8b6c9657669fb9a0f83b5be165585783d55b5 +size 2164 diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_basic.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_basic.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..862849173c2d16d9a99e28255f9ad70fcf600928 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_basic.py @@ -0,0 +1,2767 @@ +import os +import platform +import itertools +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (arange, array, dot, zeros, identity, conjugate, transpose, + float32) + +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_almost_equal, assert_, + assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose, + assert_array_equal) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.linalg import (solve, inv, det, lstsq, pinv, pinvh, norm, + solve_banded, solveh_banded, solve_triangular, + solve_circulant, circulant, LinAlgError, block_diag, + matrix_balance, qr, LinAlgWarning) + +from scipy.linalg._testutils import assert_no_overwrite +from scipy._lib._testutils import check_free_memory, IS_MUSL +from scipy.linalg.blas import HAS_ILP64 +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg + +REAL_DTYPES = (np.float32, np.float64, np.longdouble) +COMPLEX_DTYPES = (np.complex64, np.complex128, np.clongdouble) +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +parametrize_overwrite_arg = pytest.mark.parametrize( + "overwrite_kw", [{"overwrite_a": True}, {"overwrite_a": False}, {}], + ids=["True", "False", "None"] +) + + +parametrize_overwrite_b_arg = pytest.mark.parametrize( + "overwrite_b_kw", [{"overwrite_b": True}, {"overwrite_b": False}, {}], + ids=["True", "False", "None"] +) + + +def _eps_cast(dtyp): + """Get the epsilon for dtype, possibly downcast to BLAS types.""" + dt = dtyp + if dt == np.longdouble: + dt = np.float64 + elif dt == np.clongdouble: + dt = np.complex128 + return np.finfo(dt).eps + + +class TestSolveBanded: + + def test_real(self): + a = array([[1.0, 20, 0, 0], + [-30, 4, 6, 0], + [2, 1, 20, 2], + [0, -1, 7, 14]]) + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0], + [2, -1, 0, 0]]) + l, u = 2, 1 + b4 = array([10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0]) + b4by1 = b4.reshape(-1, 1) + b4by2 = array([[2, 1], + [-30, 4], + [2, 3], + [1, 3]]) + b4by4 = array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0]]) + for b in [b4, b4by1, b4by2, b4by4]: + x = solve_banded((l, u), ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_complex(self): + a = array([[1.0, 20, 0, 0], + [-30, 4, 6, 0], + [2j, 1, 20, 2j], + [0, -1, 7, 14]]) + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2j], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0], + [2j, -1, 0, 0]]) + l, u = 2, 1 + b4 = array([10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0j]) + b4by1 = b4.reshape(-1, 1) + b4by2 = array([[2, 1], + [-30, 4], + [2, 3], + [1, 3]]) + b4by4 = array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1j], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0]]) + for b in [b4, b4by1, b4by2, b4by4]: + x = solve_banded((l, u), ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_tridiag_real(self): + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0]]) + a = np.diag(ab[0, 1:], 1) + np.diag(ab[1, :], 0) + np.diag( + ab[2, :-1], -1) + b4 = array([10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0]) + b4by1 = b4.reshape(-1, 1) + b4by2 = array([[2, 1], + [-30, 4], + [2, 3], + [1, 3]]) + b4by4 = array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0]]) + for b in [b4, b4by1, b4by2, b4by4]: + x = solve_banded((1, 1), ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_tridiag_complex(self): + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2j], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0]]) + a = np.diag(ab[0, 1:], 1) + np.diag(ab[1, :], 0) + np.diag( + ab[2, :-1], -1) + b4 = array([10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0j]) + b4by1 = b4.reshape(-1, 1) + b4by2 = array([[2, 1], + [-30, 4], + [2, 3], + [1, 3]]) + b4by4 = array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0]]) + for b in [b4, b4by1, b4by2, b4by4]: + x = solve_banded((1, 1), ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = array([[1.0, 20, 0, 0], + [-30, 4, 6, 0], + [2, 1, 20, 2], + [0, -1, 7, 14]]) + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0], + [2, -1, 0, 0]]) + l, u = 2, 1 + b4 = array([10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0]) + x = solve_banded((l, u), ab, b4, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b4) + + def test_bad_shape(self): + ab = array([[0.0, 20, 6, 2], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0], + [2, -1, 0, 0]]) + l, u = 2, 1 + bad = array([1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0]).reshape(-1, 4) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_banded, (l, u), ab, bad) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_banded, (l, u), ab, [1.0, 2.0]) + + # Values of (l,u) are not compatible with ab. + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_banded, (1, 1), ab, [1.0, 2.0]) + + def test_1x1(self): + # gh-8906 noted that the case of A@x = b with 1x1 A was handled + # incorrectly; check that this is resolved. Typical case: + # nupper == nlower == 0 + # A = [[2]] + b = array([[1., 2., 3.]]) + ref = array([[0.5, 1.0, 1.5]]) + x = solve_banded((0, 0), [[2]], b) + assert_allclose(x, ref, rtol=1e-15) + + # However, the user *can* represent the same system with garbage rows + # in `ab`. Test the case with `nupper == 1, nlower == 1`. + x = solve_banded((1, 1), [[0], [2], [0]], b) + assert_allclose(x, ref, rtol=1e-15) + assert_equal(x.dtype, np.dtype('f8')) + assert_array_equal(b, [[1.0, 2.0, 3.0]]) + + def test_native_list_arguments(self): + a = [[1.0, 20, 0, 0], + [-30, 4, 6, 0], + [2, 1, 20, 2], + [0, -1, 7, 14]] + ab = [[0.0, 20, 6, 2], + [1, 4, 20, 14], + [-30, 1, 7, 0], + [2, -1, 0, 0]] + l, u = 2, 1 + b = [10.0, 0.0, 2.0, 14.0] + x = solve_banded((l, u), ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_ab', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt_ab, dt_b): + # ab contains one empty row corresponding to the diagonal + ab = np.array([[]], dtype=dt_ab) + b = np.array([], dtype=dt_b) + x = solve_banded((0, 0), ab, b) + + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert x.dtype == solve(np.eye(1, dtype=dt_ab), np.ones(1, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + b = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x = solve_banded((0, 0), ab, b) + + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + assert x.dtype == solve(np.eye(1, dtype=dt_ab), np.ones(1, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + +class TestSolveHBanded: + + def test_01_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2] + # with the RHS as a 1D array. + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0]) + + def test_02_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1 6] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4 2] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1 6] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2 1] + # + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([[1.0, 6.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 6.0], + [2.0, 1.0]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_03_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2] + # with the RHS as a 2D array with shape (3,1). + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0]).reshape(-1, 1) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, array([0., 1., 0., 0.]).reshape(-1, 1)) + + def test_01_lower(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2] + # + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -99], + [2.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b, lower=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0]) + + def test_02_lower(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1 6] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4 2] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1 6] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2 1] + # + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 1.0, 1.0, -99], + [2.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0]]) + b = array([[1.0, 6.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 6.0], + [2.0, 1.0]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b, lower=True) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_01_float32(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2] + # + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]], dtype=float32) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0], dtype=float32) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0]) + + def test_02_float32(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 2 0] [1 6] + # [ 1 4 1 2] X = [4 2] + # [ 2 1 4 1] [1 6] + # [ 0 2 1 4] [2 1] + # + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]], dtype=float32) + b = array([[1.0, 6.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 6.0], + [2.0, 1.0]], dtype=float32) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_01_complex(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 -j 2 0] [2-j] + # [ j 4 -j 2] X = [4-j] + # [ 2 j 4 -j] [4+j] + # [ 0 2 j 4] [2+j] + # + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, -1.0j, -1.0j, -1.0j], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([2-1.0j, 4.0-1j, 4+1j, 2+1j]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_02_complex(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 -j 2 0] [2-j 2+4j] + # [ j 4 -j 2] X = [4-j -1-j] + # [ 2 j 4 -j] [4+j 4+2j] + # [ 0 2 j 4] [2+j j] + # + ab = array([[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, -1.0j, -1.0j, -1.0j], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([[2-1j, 2+4j], + [4.0-1j, -1-1j], + [4.0+1j, 4+2j], + [2+1j, 1j]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0j], + [1.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_tridiag_01_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4] + # [ 0 1 4] [1] + # with the RHS as a 1D array. + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_tridiag_02_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1 4] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4 2] + # [ 0 1 4] [1 4] + # + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([[1.0, 4.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 4.0]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_tridiag_03_upper(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4] + # [ 0 1 4] [1] + # with the RHS as a 2D array with shape (3,1). + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0]).reshape(-1, 1) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, array([0.0, 1.0, 0.0]).reshape(-1, 1)) + + def test_tridiag_01_lower(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4] + # [ 0 1 4] [1] + # + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 1.0, -99]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b, lower=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_tridiag_02_lower(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1 4] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4 2] + # [ 0 1 4] [1 4] + # + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 1.0, -99]]) + b = array([[1.0, 4.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 4.0]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b, lower=True) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_tridiag_01_float32(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4] + # [ 0 1 4] [1] + # + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]], dtype=float32) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0], dtype=float32) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_tridiag_02_float32(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1 4] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4 2] + # [ 0 1 4] [1 4] + # + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]], dtype=float32) + b = array([[1.0, 4.0], + [4.0, 2.0], + [1.0, 4.0]], dtype=float32) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 1.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_tridiag_01_complex(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 -j 0] [ -j] + # [ j 4 -j] X = [4-j] + # [ 0 j 4] [4+j] + # + ab = array([[-99, -1.0j, -1.0j], [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([-1.0j, 4.0-1j, 4+1j]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + def test_tridiag_02_complex(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 -j 0] [ -j 4j] + # [ j 4 -j] X = [4-j -1-j] + # [ 0 j 4] [4+j 4 ] + # + ab = array([[-99, -1.0j, -1.0j], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([[-1j, 4.0j], + [4.0-1j, -1.0-1j], + [4.0+1j, 4.0]]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + expected = array([[0.0, 1.0j], + [1.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 1.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, expected) + + def test_check_finite(self): + # Solve + # [ 4 1 0] [1] + # [ 1 4 1] X = [4] + # [ 0 1 4] [1] + # with the RHS as a 1D array. + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([1.0, 4.0, 1.0]) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0]) + + def test_bad_shapes(self): + ab = array([[-99, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + b = array([[1.0, 4.0], + [4.0, 2.0]]) + assert_raises(ValueError, solveh_banded, ab, b) + assert_raises(ValueError, solveh_banded, ab, [1.0, 2.0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, solveh_banded, ab, [1.0]) + + def test_1x1(self): + x = solveh_banded([[1]], [[1, 2, 3]]) + assert_array_equal(x, [[1.0, 2.0, 3.0]]) + assert_equal(x.dtype, np.dtype('f8')) + + def test_native_list_arguments(self): + # Same as test_01_upper, using python's native list. + ab = [[0.0, 0.0, 2.0, 2.0], + [-99, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]] + b = [1.0, 4.0, 1.0, 2.0] + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_ab', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt_ab, dt_b): + # ab contains one empty row corresponding to the diagonal + ab = np.array([[]], dtype=dt_ab) + b = np.array([], dtype=dt_b) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert x.dtype == solve(np.eye(1, dtype=dt_ab), np.ones(1, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + b = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x = solveh_banded(ab, b) + + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + assert x.dtype == solve(np.eye(1, dtype=dt_ab), np.ones(1, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + +class TestSolve: + def test_20Feb04_bug(self): + a = [[1, 1], [1.0, 0]] # ok + x0 = solve(a, [1, 0j]) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x0), [1, 0]) + + # gives failure with clapack.zgesv(..,rowmajor=0) + a = [[1, 1], [1.2, 0]] + b = [1, 0j] + x0 = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x0), [1, 0]) + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[1, 20], [-30, 4]] + for b in ([[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [1, 0], + [[2, 1], [-30, 4]] + ): + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = array([[5, 2], [2j, 4]], 'D') + for b in ([1j, 0], + [[1j, 1j], [0, 2]], + [1, 0j], + array([1, 0], 'D'), + ): + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_pos(self): + a = [[2, 3], [3, 5]] + for lower in [0, 1]: + for b in ([[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [1, 0] + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='pos', lower=lower) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_pos_complexb(self): + a = [[5, 2], [2, 4]] + for b in ([1j, 0], + [[1j, 1j], [0, 2]], + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='pos') + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_sym(self): + a = [[2, 3], [3, -5]] + for lower in [0, 1]: + for b in ([[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [1, 0] + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='sym', lower=lower) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_sym_complexb(self): + a = [[5, 2], [2, -4]] + for b in ([1j, 0], + [[1j, 1j], [0, 2]] + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='sym') + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_sym_complex(self): + a = [[5, 2+1j], [2+1j, -4]] + for b in ([1j, 0], + [1, 0], + [[1j, 1j], [0, 2]] + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='sym') + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_her_actuallysym(self): + a = [[2, 3], [3, -5]] + for lower in [0, 1]: + for b in ([[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [1, 0], + [1j, 0], + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='her', lower=lower) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_simple_her(self): + a = [[5, 2+1j], [2-1j, -4]] + for b in ([1j, 0], + [1, 0], + [[1j, 1j], [0, 2]] + ): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a='her') + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_nils_20Feb04(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 2 + A = rng.random([n, n])+rng.random([n, n])*1j + X = zeros((n, n), 'D') + Ainv = inv(A) + R = identity(n)+identity(n)*0j + for i in arange(0, n): + r = R[:, i] + X[:, i] = solve(A, r) + assert_array_almost_equal(X, Ainv) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + a = rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20*(.1+a[i, i]) + for i in range(4): + b = rng.random([n, 3]) + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j * rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20*(.1+a[i, i]) + for i in range(2): + b = rng.random([n, 3]) + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_random_sym(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + a = rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = abs(20*(.1+a[i, i])) + for j in range(i): + a[i, j] = a[j, i] + for i in range(4): + b = rng.random([n]) + x = solve(a, b, assume_a="pos") + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_random_sym_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + a = rng.random([n, n]) + a = a + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = abs(20*(.1+a[i, i])) + for j in range(i): + a[i, j] = conjugate(a[j, i]) + b = rng.random([n])+2j*rng.random([n]) + for i in range(2): + x = solve(a, b, assume_a="pos") + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 20], [-30, 4]] + for b in ([[1, 0], [0, 1]], [1, 0], + [[2, 1], [-30, 4]]): + x = solve(a, b, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, x), b) + + def test_scalar_a_and_1D_b(self): + a = 1 + b = [1, 2, 3] + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x.ravel(), b) + assert_(x.shape == (3,), 'Scalar_a_1D_b test returned wrong shape') + + def test_simple2(self): + a = np.array([[1.80, 2.88, 2.05, -0.89], + [525.00, -295.00, -95.00, -380.00], + [1.58, -2.69, -2.90, -1.04], + [-1.11, -0.66, -0.59, 0.80]]) + + b = np.array([[9.52, 18.47], + [2435.00, 225.00], + [0.77, -13.28], + [-6.22, -6.21]]) + + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, np.array([[1., -1, 3, -5], + [3, 2, 4, 1]]).T) + + def test_simple_complex2(self): + a = np.array([[-1.34+2.55j, 0.28+3.17j, -6.39-2.20j, 0.72-0.92j], + [-1.70-14.10j, 33.10-1.50j, -1.50+13.40j, 12.90+13.80j], + [-3.29-2.39j, -1.91+4.42j, -0.14-1.35j, 1.72+1.35j], + [2.41+0.39j, -0.56+1.47j, -0.83-0.69j, -1.96+0.67j]]) + + b = np.array([[26.26+51.78j, 31.32-6.70j], + [64.30-86.80j, 158.60-14.20j], + [-5.75+25.31j, -2.15+30.19j], + [1.16+2.57j, -2.56+7.55j]]) + + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, np. array([[1+1.j, -1-2.j], + [2-3.j, 5+1.j], + [-4-5.j, -3+4.j], + [6.j, 2-3.j]])) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("assume_a", ['her', 'sym']) + def test_symmetric_hermitian(self, assume_a): + # An upper triangular matrix will be used for symmetric/hermitian matrix a + a = np.array([[-1.84, 0.11-0.11j, -1.78-1.18j, 3.91-1.50j], + [0, -4.63, -1.84+0.03j, 2.21+0.21j], + [0, 0, -8.87, 1.58-0.90j], + [0, 0, 0, -1.36]]) + b = np.array([[2.98-10.18j, 28.68-39.89j], + [-9.58+3.88j, -24.79-8.40j], + [-0.77-16.05j, 4.23-70.02j], + [7.79+5.48j, -35.39+18.01j]]) + + a2 = a.T if assume_a == 'sym' else a.conj().T # for testing `lower` + a3 = a + a2 # for reference solution + a3[np.arange(4), np.arange(4)] = np.diag(a) + ref = solve(a3, b, assume_a='general') + + x = solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, ref) + # Also transpose(/conjugate) `a` and test for lower triangular data + # This also tests gh-22265 resolution; otherwise, a warning would be emitted + x = solve(a2, b, assume_a=assume_a, lower=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, ref) + + def test_pos_and_sym(self): + A = np.arange(1, 10).reshape(3, 3) + x = solve(np.tril(A)/9, np.ones(3), assume_a='pos') + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [9., 1.8, 1.]) + x = solve(np.tril(A)/9, np.ones(3), assume_a='sym') + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [9., 1.8, 1.]) + + def test_singularity(self): + a = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], + [1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], + [0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], + [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]) + b = np.arange(9)[:, None] + assert_raises(LinAlgError, solve, a, b) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('structure', + ('diagonal', 'tridiagonal', 'lower triangular', + 'upper triangular', 'symmetric', 'hermitian', + 'positive definite', 'general', 'banded', None)) + def test_ill_condition_warning(self, structure): + rng = np.random.default_rng(234859349452) + n = 10 + d = np.logspace(0, 50, n) + A = np.diag(d) + b = rng.random(size=n) + message = "(Ill-conditioned matrix|An ill-conditioned matrix)" + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning, match=message): + solve(A, b, assume_a=structure) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('structure', + ('diagonal', 'tridiagonal', 'lower triangular', + 'upper triangular', 'symmetric', 'hermitian', + 'positive definite', 'general', None)) + def test_exactly_singular_gh22263(self, structure): + n = 10 + A = np.zeros((n, n)) + b = np.ones(n) + with (pytest.raises(LinAlgError, match="singular"), np.errstate(all='ignore')): + solve(A, b, assume_a=structure) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('b', [0, 1, [0, 1]]) + def test_singular_scalar(self, b): + # regression test for gh-24355: scalar a=0 is singular + # thus should raise the same error + + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + a = np.zeros((1, 1)) + solve(a, b) + + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + solve(0, b) + + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + solve([[0]], b) + + def test_multiple_rhs(self): + a = np.eye(2) + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + b = rng.random((2, 12)) + x = solve(a, b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, b) + + def test_transposed_keyword(self): + A = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + 1 + x = solve(np.tril(A)/9, np.ones(3), transposed=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [1.2, 0.2, 1]) + x = solve(np.tril(A)/9, np.ones(3), transposed=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [9, -5.4, -1.2]) + + @pytest.mark.skip(reason="1. why? 2. deprecate the kwarg altogether?") + def test_transposed_notimplemented(self): + a = np.eye(3).astype(complex) + with assert_raises(NotImplementedError): + solve(a, a, transposed=True) + + def test_nonsquare_a(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, solve, [1, 2], 1) + + def test_size_mismatch_with_1D_b(self): + assert_array_almost_equal(solve(np.eye(3), np.ones(3)), np.ones(3)) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve, np.eye(3), np.ones(4)) + + def test_assume_a_keyword(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, solve, 1, 1, assume_a='zxcv') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("size", [10, 100]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("assume_a", ['gen', 'sym', 'pos', 'her', 'tridiagonal']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "dtype", [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128] + ) + def test_all_type_size_routine_combinations(self, size, dtype, assume_a): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + is_complex = dtype in (np.complex64, np.complex128) + + a = rng.standard_normal((size, size)).astype(dtype) + b = rng.standard_normal(size).astype(dtype) + if is_complex: + a += (1j*rng.standard_normal((size, size))).astype(dtype) + + if assume_a == 'sym': # Can still be complex but only symmetric + a = a + a.T + elif assume_a == 'her': # Handle hermitian matrices here instead + a = a + a.T.conj() + elif assume_a == 'pos': + a = a.T.conj() @ a + 0.1*np.eye(size) + elif assume_a == 'tridiagonal': + a = (np.diag(np.diag(a)) + + np.diag(np.diag(a, 1), 1) + + np.diag(np.diag(a, -1), -1) + ) + + tol = 1e-12 if dtype in (np.float64, np.complex128) else 1e-6 + + if assume_a in ['gen', 'sym', 'her']: + # We revert the tolerance from before + # 4b4a6e7c34fa4060533db38f9a819b98fa81476c + if dtype in (np.float32, np.complex64): + tol *= 10 + + x = solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a) + assert_allclose(a @ x, b, atol=tol * size, rtol=tol * size) + + if assume_a == 'sym' and not is_complex: + x = solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a, transposed=True) + assert_allclose(a @ x, b, atol=tol * size, rtol=tol * size) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_a', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt_a, dt_b): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_a) + b = np.empty(0, dtype=dt_b) + x = solve(a, b) + + assert x.size == 0 + dt_nonempty = solve(np.eye(2, dtype=dt_a), np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + assert x.dtype == dt_nonempty + assert x.shape == np.linalg.solve(a, b).shape + + a = np.ones((3, 0, 2, 2), dtype=dt_a) + b = np.ones((2, 4), dtype=dt_b) + x = solve(a, b) + assert x.shape == (3, 0, 2, 4) + assert x.dtype == dt_nonempty + + def test_empty_rhs(self): + a = np.eye(2) + b = [[], []] + x = solve(a, b) + assert_(x.size == 0, 'Returned array is not empty') + assert_(x.shape == (2, 0), 'Returned empty array shape is wrong') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', [np.float64, np.complex128]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('assume_a', ['diagonal', 'tridiagonal', 'banded', + 'lower triangular', 'upper triangular', + 'pos', 'positive definite', + 'symmetric', 'hermitian', 'banded', + 'general', 'sym', 'her', 'gen']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('nrhs', [(), (5,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('transposed', [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('overwrite', [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fortran', [True, False]) + def test_structure_detection(self, dtype, assume_a, nrhs, transposed, + overwrite, fortran): + rng = np.random.default_rng(982345982439826) + n = 5 if not assume_a == 'banded' else 20 + b = rng.random(size=(n,) + nrhs) + A = rng.random(size=(n, n)) + + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + b = b + rng.random(size=(n,) + nrhs) * 1j + A = A + rng.random(size=(n, n)) * 1j + + if assume_a == 'diagonal': + A = np.diag(np.diag(A)) + elif assume_a == 'lower triangular': + A = np.tril(A) + elif assume_a == 'upper triangular': + A = np.triu(A) + elif assume_a == 'tridiagonal': + A = (np.diag(np.diag(A)) + + np.diag(np.diag(A, -1), -1) + + np.diag(np.diag(A, 1), 1)) + elif assume_a == 'banded': + A = np.triu(np.tril(A, 2), -1) + elif assume_a in {'symmetric', 'sym'}: + A = A + A.T + elif assume_a in {'hermitian', 'her'}: + A = A + A.conj().T + elif assume_a in {'positive definite', 'pos'}: + A = A @ A.T.conj() + + if fortran: + A = np.asfortranarray(A) + + A_copy = A.copy(order='A') + b_copy = b.copy() + + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating) and transposed: + message = "scipy.linalg.solve can currently..." + with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message): + solve(A, b, overwrite_a=overwrite, overwrite_b=overwrite, + transposed=transposed) + return + + res = solve(A, b, overwrite_a=overwrite, overwrite_b=overwrite, + transposed=transposed, assume_a=assume_a) + + # Check that solution this solution is *correct* + ref = np.linalg.solve(A_copy.T if transposed else A_copy, b_copy) + assert_allclose(res, ref) + + # Check that `solve` correctly identifies the structure and returns + # *exactly* the same solution whether `assume_a` is specified or not + if assume_a != 'banded': # structure detection removed for banded + assert_allclose( + solve(A_copy, b_copy, transposed=transposed), res, atol=1e-15 + ) + + # Check that overwrite was respected + if not overwrite: + assert_equal(A, A_copy) + assert_equal(b, b_copy) + + @pytest.mark.skipif( + np.__version__ < '2', reason="solve chokes on b.ndim == 1 in numpy < 2" + ) + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "assume_a", + [ + None, "diagonal", "general", "upper triangular", "lower triangular", "pos", + ] + ) + def test_vs_np_solve(self, assume_a): + e = np.eye(2) + a = np.arange(1, 4*3*2 + 1).reshape((4, 3, 2, 1, 1)) * e + + b = np.ones(2) + assert_allclose(solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a), np.linalg.solve(a, b)) + + b = np.ones((2, 1)) + assert_allclose(solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a), np.linalg.solve(a, b)) + + b = np.ones((2, 2)) * [1, 2] + assert_allclose(solve(a, b, assume_a=assume_a), np.linalg.solve(a, b)) + + def test_pos_lower(self): + # regression test for + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/23071#issuecomment-3085826112 + rng = np.random.default_rng(0) + a = rng.normal(size=(4, 4)) + a = np.tril(np.matmul(a, np.conj(a.T))) # lower triangle of hermitian array + b = rng.normal(size=(4, 2)) + out = solve(a, b, assume_a='pos', lower=True) + + aa = a + a.T - np.diag(np.diag(a)) # the full hermitian array + result_np = np.linalg.solve(aa, b) + assert_allclose(out, result_np, atol=1e-15) + + # repeat with uplo='U' + out = solve(a.T, b, assume_a='pos', lower=False) + assert_allclose(out, result_np, atol=1e-15) + + def test_pos_fails_sym_complex(self): + # regression test for the `solve` analog of gh-24359 + # the matrix is 1) symmetric not hermitian, and 2) not positive definite: + a = np.asarray([[ 182.56985285-64.28859483j, -177.24879835+11.0780499j ], + [-177.24879835+11.0780499j , 177.24879835-11.0780499j ]]) + b = np.eye(2) + + ainv = solve(a, b) + assert_allclose(ainv @ a, np.eye(2), atol=1e-14) + + ainv_sym = solve(a, b, assume_a="sym") + assert_allclose(ainv_sym, ainv, atol=1e-14) + + # Specifying assume_a="pos" disables the structure detection, and directly + # calls LAPACK routines zportf and zpotri. + # Since zportf(a) does not error out, neither does solve. + ainv_chol = solve(a, b, assume_a="pos") + assert not np.allclose(ainv, ainv_chol, atol=1e-14) + + # Setting assume_a="pos" with a non-pos def matrix returned nonsense. + # This is at least consistent with inv. + ainv_inv = inv(a, assume_a="pos") + assert_allclose(ainv_chol, ainv_inv, atol=1e-14) + + def test_readonly(self): + a = np.eye(3) + a.flags.writeable = False + b = np.ones(3) + x = solve(a, b) + assert_allclose(x, b, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_negative_stride(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8).reshape(2, 3, 2, 2) + a = a[:, ::-1, :, :] + b = np.ones(2) + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + # use b with a negative stride now + b = np.ones((2, 4))[:, ::-1] + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + (b.shape[-1],) + assert_allclose(a @ x - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_core_negative_stride(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8).reshape(2, 3, 2, 2) + a = a[:, :, ::-1, :] + b = np.ones(2) + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + # use b with a negative stride now + b = np.ones((2, 4))[::-1, :] + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + (b.shape[-1],) + assert_allclose(a @ x - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_core_non_contiguous(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8*2).reshape(2, 3, 2, 4) + a = a[..., ::2] + b = np.ones(2) + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + # use strided b now + b = np.ones(4)[::2] + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_non_contiguous(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8*2).reshape(2, 6, 2, 2) + a = a[:, ::2, ...] + b = np.ones(2) + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + # use strided b now + b = np.ones((2, 6))[:, ::2] + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + (b.shape[-1],) + assert_allclose(a @ x - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_weird_strides(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8*2).reshape(2, 3, 2, 2, 2) + a = a.transpose(1, 3, 4, 0, 2) + + b = np.ones(2) + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw) + assert x.shape == a.shape[:-1] + assert_allclose(a @ x[..., None] - b, 0, atol=1e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + @parametrize_overwrite_b_arg + @pytest.mark.parametrize('a_dtype', [int, float]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('a_order', ['C', 'F']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('b_dtype', [int, float]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('b_order', ['C', 'F']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('b_ndim', [1, 2]) # XXX ndim > 2 + @pytest.mark.parametrize('transposed', [True, False]) + def test_overwrite_args( + self, overwrite_kw, overwrite_b_kw, a_dtype, a_order, + b_dtype, b_order, b_ndim, transposed + ): + n = 3 + a = np.arange(1, n**2 + 1).reshape(n, n) + np.eye(n) + a = a.astype(a_dtype, order=a_order) + + b = np.arange(n) + if b_ndim > 1: + b = np.stack([b*j for j in range(b_ndim)]).T + b = b.astype(b_dtype, order=b_order) + + a_ref = a.copy() + b_ref = b.copy() + + # solve and check that the solution is correct for all parameters + x = solve(a, b, **overwrite_kw, **overwrite_b_kw, transposed=transposed) + a_or_aT = a_ref.T if transposed else a_ref + assert_allclose(a_or_aT @ x, b_ref, atol=1e-14) + + # now check that it worked in-place where expected + overwrite_a = overwrite_kw.get('overwrite_a', False) + a_inplace = overwrite_a and (a.dtype != int) and a.flags['F_CONTIGUOUS'] + + overwrite_b = overwrite_b_kw.get('overwrite_b', False) + b_inplace = overwrite_b and (b.dtype != int) and b.flags['F_CONTIGUOUS'] + + assert np.shares_memory(x, b) == b_inplace + + assert (b == b_ref).all() != b_inplace + assert (a == a_ref).all() != a_inplace + + def test_posdef_not_posdef(self): + # the `b` matrix is invertible but not positive definite + a = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + A = a + a.T + np.eye(3) + b = np.ones(3) + + # cholesky solver fails, and the routine falls back to the general inverse + x0 = solve(A, b) + assert_allclose(A @ x0, b, atol=1e-14) + + # but it does not fall back if `assume_a` is given + with assert_raises(LinAlgError): + solve(A, b, assume_a='pos') + + def test_diagonal(self): + a = np.stack([np.triu(np.ones((3, 3))), np.diag(np.arange(1, 4))]) + b = np.ones(3) + x = solve(a, b) + + # basic diagonal solve + assert_allclose(x[1, ...], 1 / np.arange(1, 4), atol=1e-14) + + # ill-conditioned inputs warn + a = np.asarray([[1e30, 0], [0, 1]]) + b = np.ones(2) + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning): + solve(a, b, assume_a="diagonal") + + # singular input raises + a = np.asarray([[0, 0], [0, 1]]) + b = np.ones(2) + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + solve(a, b, assume_a="diagonal") + + def test_tridiagonal(self): + n = 4 + a = -2*np.diag(np.ones(n)) + np.diag(np.ones(3), 1) + np.diag(np.ones(3), -1) + a = np.stack([np.triu(np.ones((n, n))), a]) + b = np.ones(4) + x = solve(a, b) + + # basic tridiag solve + assert_allclose(x[1, ...], np.asarray([-2., -3., -3., -2.]), atol=1e-15) + + # ill-conditioned inputs warn + a[1, 0, 0] = 1e20 + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning): + solve(a, b, assume_a="tridiagonal") + + # singular inputss raise + a[1, 0, 0] = a[1, 0, 1] = 0 + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + solve(a, b, assume_a="tridiagonal") + + +class TestSolveTriangular: + + def test_simple(self): + """ + solve_triangular on a simple 2x2 matrix. + """ + A = array([[1, 0], [1, 2]]) + b = [1, 1] + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [1, 0]) + + # check that it works also for non-contiguous matrices + sol = solve_triangular(A.T, b, lower=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [.5, .5]) + + # and that it gives the same result as trans=1 + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [.5, .5]) + + b = identity(2) + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1., -.5], [0, 0.5]]) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + """ + solve_triangular on a simple 2x2 complex matrix + """ + A = array([[1+1j, 0], [1j, 2]]) + b = identity(2) + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[.5-.5j, -.25-.25j], [0, 0.5]]) + + # check other option combinations with complex rhs + b = np.diag([1+1j, 1+2j]) + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=0) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1, 0], [-0.5j, 0.5+1j]]) + + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1, 0.25-0.75j], [0, 0.5+1j]]) + + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, trans=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1j, -0.75-0.25j], [0, 0.5+1j]]) + + sol = solve_triangular(A.T, b, lower=False, trans=0) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1, 0.25-0.75j], [0, 0.5+1j]]) + + sol = solve_triangular(A.T, b, lower=False, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1, 0], [-0.5j, 0.5+1j]]) + + sol = solve_triangular(A.T, b, lower=False, trans=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [[1j, 0], [-0.5, 0.5+1j]]) + + def test_check_finite(self): + """ + solve_triangular on a simple 2x2 matrix. + """ + A = array([[1, 0], [1, 2]]) + b = [1, 1] + sol = solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(sol, [1, 0]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_a', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt_a, dt_b): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_a) + b = np.empty(0, dtype=dt_b) + x = solve_triangular(a, b) + + assert x.size == 0 + dt_nonempty = solve_triangular( + np.eye(2, dtype=dt_a), np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b) + ).dtype + assert x.dtype == dt_nonempty + + def test_empty_rhs(self): + a = np.eye(2) + b = [[], []] + x = solve_triangular(a, b) + assert_(x.size == 0, 'Returned array is not empty') + assert_(x.shape == (2, 0), 'Returned empty array shape is wrong') + + +class TestInv: + def test_simple(self): + a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), np.eye(2)) + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]] + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + for i in range(4): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20*(.1+a[i, i]) + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), + identity(n)) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2], [3, 4j]] + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), [[1, 0], [0, 1]]) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 20 + for i in range(4): + a = rng.random([n, n])+2j*rng.random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20*(.1+a[i, i]) + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), + identity(n)) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2], [3, 4]] + a_inv = inv(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_inv), [[1, 0], [0, 1]]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + a_inv = inv(a) + assert a_inv.size == 0 + assert a_inv.dtype == inv(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + a = np.ones((3, 0, 2, 2), dtype=dt) + a_inv = inv(a) + assert a_inv.shape == (3, 0, 2, 2) + + a = np.ones((3, 1, 0, 0), dtype=dt) + a_inv = inv(a) + assert a_inv.shape == (3, 1, 0, 0) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_overwrite_a(self, overwrite_kw): + n = 3 + a0 = np.arange(1, n**2 + 1).reshape(n, n) + np.eye(n) + + # int arrays are copied internally + a = a0.copy() + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert_allclose(a_inv @ a, np.eye(n), atol=1e-14) + assert_equal(a, a0) + assert not np.shares_memory(a, a_inv) + + # float C ordered arrays are copied, too + a = a0.copy().astype(float) + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert_allclose(a_inv @ a0, np.eye(n), atol=1e-14) + assert_equal(a, a0) + assert not np.shares_memory(a, a_inv) + + # 2D F-ordered arrays of LAPACK-compatible dtypes: inv works inplace. + # IOW, the output is always the inverse, and the original input may be + # destroyed, depending on the `overwrite_a` kwarg value + a = a0.astype(float).copy(order='F') + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert_allclose(a_inv @ a0, np.eye(n), atol=1e-14) + + overwrite_a = overwrite_kw.get("overwrite_a", False) + assert (a == a0).all() != overwrite_a + assert np.shares_memory(a, a_inv) == overwrite_a + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "dtyp", [np.float16, np.float32, np.longdouble, np.clongdouble] + ) + def test_dtypes(self, dtyp): + # backwards compat: inv(float16)->float32 ; inv(clongdouble)->complex128 etc + a = np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2).astype(dtyp) + + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, np.eye(a.shape[0]), atol=100*np.finfo(a.dtype).eps) + + dt_map = { + 'e': 'f', # float16 -> float32 + 'f': 'f', + 'g': 'd', # longdouble -> float64 + 'G': 'D' # clongdouble -> complex128 + } + assert a_inv.dtype.char == dt_map[a.dtype.char] + + def test_readonly(self): + a = np.eye(3) + a.flags.writeable = False + + a_inv = inv(a) + assert_allclose(a_inv, a, atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_batch_core_1x1(self, dt): + a = np.arange(3*2, dtype=dt).reshape(3, 2, 1, 1) + 1 + a_inv = inv(a) + assert a_inv.shape == a.shape + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, 1.) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_zero_stride(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*2*2, dtype=float).reshape(3, 2, 2) + aa = a[None, ...] + a_inv = inv(aa, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == aa.shape + assert_allclose(aa @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), aa.shape), atol=2e-14) + + aa = a[:, None, ...] + a_inv = inv(aa, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == aa.shape + assert_allclose(aa @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), aa.shape), atol=2e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_negative_stride(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8).reshape(2, 3, 2, 2) + a = a[:, ::-1, :, :] + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == a.shape + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), a.shape), atol=5e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_core_negative_stride(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8).reshape(2, 3, 2, 2) + a = a[:, :, ::-1, :] + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == a.shape + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), a.shape), atol=5e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_core_non_contiguous(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8*2).reshape(2, 3, 2, 4) + a = a[..., ::2] + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == (2, 3, 2, 2) + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), a.shape), atol=5e-14) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_batch_non_contiguous(self, overwrite_kw): + a = np.arange(3*8*2).reshape(2, 6, 2, 2) + a = a[:, ::2, ...] + a_inv = inv(a, **overwrite_kw) + assert a_inv.shape == (2, 3, 2, 2) + assert_allclose(a @ a_inv, np.broadcast_to(np.eye(2), a.shape), atol=2e-13) + + @parametrize_overwrite_arg + def test_singular(self, overwrite_kw): + # 2D case: A singular matrix: raise + + with assert_raises(LinAlgError): + inv(np.ones((2, 2))) + + # batched case: If all slices are singlar, raise + with assert_raises(LinAlgError): + inv(np.ones((3, 2, 2))) + + # XXX: shall we make this behavior configurable somehow? + # A "keep-going" option would be this: + # if some of the slices are singular and some are not, + # - singular slices are filled with nans + # - non-singular slices are inverted + # - there is no error + a = np.stack((np.ones((2, 2), dtype=complex), np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2))) + with assert_raises(LinAlgError): + inv(a) + + # this would be true for a "keep-going" option + # assert np.isnan(a_inv[0, ...]).all() + # assert_allclose(a_inv[1, ...] @ a[1, ...], np.eye(2), atol=1e-14) + + def test_ill_cond(self): + a = np.diag([1., 1e-20]) + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning): + inv(a) + + a2 = np.stack([np.diag([1., 1e-20]), np.diag([1, 1]), np.diag([1, 1e-20])]) + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning): + inv(a2) + + def test_wrong_assume_a(self): + with assert_raises(KeyError): + inv(np.eye(2), assume_a="kaboom") + + def test_posdef(self): + x = np.arange(25, dtype=float).reshape(5, 5) + y = x + x.T + y += 21*np.eye(5) + + y_inv0 = inv(y) + y_inv1 = inv(y, assume_a="pos") + + assert_allclose(y_inv1, y_inv0, atol=1e-15) + + # check that the lower triangle is not referenced for `lower=False` + mask = np.where(1 - np.tri(*y.shape, -1) == 0, np.nan, 1) + y_inv2 = inv(y*mask, check_finite=False, assume_a="pos", lower=False) + assert_allclose(y_inv2, y_inv0, atol=1e-15) + + # repeat with the upper triangle + y_inv3 = inv(y*mask.T, check_finite=False, assume_a="pos", lower=True) + assert_allclose(y_inv3, y_inv0, atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('complex_', [False, True]) + def test_posdef_not_posdef(self, complex_): + # the `b` matrix is invertible but not pos definite: test the "sym" fallback + a = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + b = a + a.T + np.eye(3) + if complex_: + b = b + 1j*b + + # cholesky solver fails, and the routine falls back to the symmetric inverse + b_inv0 = inv(b) + assert_allclose(b_inv0 @ b, np.eye(3), atol=3e-15) + + # but it does not fall back if `assume_a` is given + with assert_raises(LinAlgError): + inv(b, assume_a='pos') + + # test posdef fallback to the hermitian solver, too + if complex_: + a = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + a = a + 1j*a + b = a + a.T.conj() + np.eye(3) + assert_allclose(inv(b) @ b, np.eye(3), atol=3e-15) + + def test_pos_fails_sym_complex(self): + # regression test for gh-24359 + # the matrix is 1) symmetric not hermitian, and 2) not positive definite: + a = np.asarray([[ 182.56985285-64.28859483j, -177.24879835+11.0780499j ], + [-177.24879835+11.0780499j , 177.24879835-11.0780499j ]]) + + ainv = inv(a) + assert_allclose(ainv @ a, np.eye(2), atol=1e-14) + + ainv_sym = inv(a, assume_a="sym") + assert_allclose(ainv_sym, ainv, atol=1e-14) + + # Specifying assume_a="pos" disables the structure detection, and directly + # calls LAPACK routines zportf and zpotri. + # Since zportf(a) does not error out, neither does inv + ainv_chol = inv(a, assume_a="pos") + assert not np.allclose(ainv, ainv_chol, atol=1e-14) + + # Setting assume_a="pos" with a non-pos def matrix returned nonsense. + # This is at least consistent with solve. + ainv_slv = solve(a, np.eye(2), assume_a="pos") + assert_allclose(ainv_chol, ainv_slv, atol=1e-14) + + # Repeat it for bunch of simple cases to cover more branches + # Real symmetric, positive definite + a = np.eye(4) + np.ones(4) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Real symmetric, NOT positive definite + a = -np.eye(4) + np.ones(4) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Real, not symmetric + a = -np.eye(4) + np.ones(4) + a[0, -1] = 2. + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # | Test | is_symm | is_herm | pos def | + # |---------------------------------------|---------|---------|---------| + # | Complex, both sym+herm, pos def | 1 | 1 | yes | + # | Complex, symmetric only | 1 | 0 | - | + # | Complex, both sym+herm, NOT pos def | 1 | 1 | no | + # | Complex, neither | 0 | 0 | - | + # | Complex, hermitian only, pos def | 0 | 1 | yes | + # | Complex, hermitian only, NOT pos def | 0 | 1 | no | + + # Complex, both symmetric and hermitian, positive definite + a = (np.eye(4) + np.ones(4)).astype(np.complex128) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Complex, symmetric only (not hermitian) + a = (np.eye(4)*1.0j + np.ones(4)).astype(np.complex128) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Complex, both symmetric and hermitian, NOT positive definite + a = (-np.eye(4) + np.ones(4)).astype(np.complex128) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Complex, neither symmetric nor hermitian + a = (-np.eye(4) + np.ones(4)).astype(np.complex128) + a[0, -1] = 2. + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(4), atol=1e-14) + + # Complex, hermitian only, positive definite + a = np.array([[2, 1+1j], [1-1j, 2]], dtype=np.complex128) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(2), atol=1e-14) + + # Complex, hermitian only, NOT positive definite + a = np.array([[-1, 1+1j], [1-1j, -1]], dtype=np.complex128) + res = inv(a) + assert_allclose(res @ a, np.eye(2), atol=1e-14) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('complex_', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('sym_herm', ['sym', 'her']) + def test_sym_her(self, complex_, sym_herm): + # test "sym" and "her" modes + a = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + if complex_: + a = a + 1j*a + + if sym_herm == "sym": + b = a + a.T + else: # sym_herm == "herm": + b = a + a.T.conj() + + b = b + np.eye(3) + + b_inv0 = np.linalg.inv(b) + assert_allclose(b_inv0 @ b, np.eye(3), atol=1e-14) + + b_inv1 = inv(b, assume_a=sym_herm) + assert_allclose(b_inv0, b_inv1, atol=1e-15) + + # check that the "other" triangle is not referenced + mask = np.where(1 - np.tri(*a.shape, -1) == 0, np.nan, 1) + b_inv2 = inv(b*mask, check_finite=False, assume_a=sym_herm, lower=False) + assert_allclose(b_inv2, b_inv0, atol=1e-15) + + # repeat with the upper triangle + b_inv3 = inv(b*mask.T, check_finite=False, assume_a=sym_herm, lower=True) + assert_allclose(b_inv3, b_inv0, atol=1e-15) + + def test_triangular_1(self): + x = np.arange(25, dtype=float).reshape(5, 5) + y = x + x.T + y += 21*np.eye(5) + y_inv0 = inv(y, assume_a='upper triangular') + + # check that upper triangular differs from posdef + y_inv_posdef = inv(y, assume_a='pos') + assert not np.allclose(y_inv0, y_inv_posdef) + + def test_triangular_2(self): + y = np.ones(25, dtype=float).reshape(5, 5) + + y_inv_0_u = inv(np.triu(y)) + assert_allclose(y_inv_0_u @ np.triu(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + y_inv_1_u = inv(y, assume_a='upper triangular') + assert_allclose(y_inv_1_u @ np.triu(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + # check that the lower triangle is not referenced for "upper triangular" + mask = np.where(1 - np.tri(*y.shape, -1) == 0, np.nan, 1) + y_inv_2_u = inv(y*mask, check_finite=False, assume_a='upper triangular') + assert_allclose(y_inv_2_u @ np.triu(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + # repeat for the lower traingular matrix + y_inv_0_l = inv(np.tril(y)) + assert_allclose(y_inv_0_l @ np.tril(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + y_inv_1_l = inv(y, assume_a='lower triangular') + assert_allclose(y_inv_1_l @ np.tril(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + # check that the lower triangle is not referenced for "lower triangular" + mask = np.where(1 - np.tri(*y.shape, -1) == 0, np.nan, 1) + y_inv_2_l = inv(y*mask.T, check_finite=False, assume_a='lower triangular') + assert_allclose(y_inv_2_l @ np.tril(y), np.eye(5), atol=1e-15) + + def test_diagonal(self): + a = np.stack([np.triu(np.ones((3, 3))), np.diag(np.arange(1, 4))]) + inv_a = inv(a) + + # basic diagonal invert + assert_allclose(inv_a[1], np.diag(1 / np.arange(1, 4)), atol=1e-14) + + # ill-conditioned inputs warn + a = np.asarray([[1e30, 0], [0, 1]]) + with pytest.warns(LinAlgWarning): + inv(a, assume_a="diagonal") + + # singular input raises + a = np.asarray([[0, 0], [0, 1]]) + with pytest.raises(LinAlgError): + inv(a, assume_a="diagonal") + + +class TestDet: + def test_1x1_all_singleton_dims(self): + a = np.array([[1]]) + deta = det(a) + assert deta.dtype.char == 'd' + assert np.isscalar(deta) + assert deta == 1. + a = np.array([[[[1]]]], dtype='f') + deta = det(a) + assert deta.dtype.char == 'd' + assert deta.shape == (1, 1) + assert_equal(deta, [[1.0]]) + a = np.array([[[1 + 3.j]]], dtype=np.complex64) + deta = det(a) + assert deta.dtype.char == 'D' + assert deta.shape == (1,) + assert_equal(deta, [1.+3.j]) + + def test_1by1_stacked_input_output(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1680305949878959) + a = rng.random([4, 5, 1, 1], dtype=np.float32) + deta = det(a) + assert deta.dtype.char == 'd' + assert deta.shape == (4, 5) + assert_allclose(deta, np.squeeze(a)) + + a = rng.random([4, 5, 1, 1], dtype=np.float32)*np.complex64(1.j) + deta = det(a) + assert deta.dtype.char == 'D' + assert deta.shape == (4, 5) + assert_allclose(deta, np.squeeze(a)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [[2, 2], [20, 20], [3, 2, 20, 20]]) + def test_simple_det_shapes_real_complex(self, shape): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1680305949878959) + a = rng.uniform(-1., 1., size=shape) + d1, d2 = det(a), np.linalg.det(a) + assert_allclose(d1, d2) + + b = rng.uniform(-1., 1., size=shape)*1j + b += rng.uniform(-0.5, 0.5, size=shape) + d3, d4 = det(b), np.linalg.det(b) + assert_allclose(d3, d4) + + def test_for_known_det_values(self): + # Hadamard8 + a = np.array([[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1], + [1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1], + [1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1], + [1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1], + [1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1], + [1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1], + [1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1]]) + assert_allclose(det(a), 4096.) + + # consecutive number array always singular + assert_allclose(det(np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5)), 0.) + + # simple anti-diagonal block array + # Upper right has det (-2+1j) and lower right has (-2-1j) + # det(a) = - (-2+1j) (-2-1j) = 5. + a = np.array([[0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 0.-1.j, 1.-1.j], + [0.+0.j, 0.+0.j, 1.+0.j, 0.-1.j], + [0.+1.j, 1.+1.j, 0.+0.j, 0.+0.j], + [1.+0.j, 0.+1.j, 0.+0.j, 0.+0.j]], dtype=np.complex64) + assert_allclose(det(a), 5.+0.j) + + # Fiedler companion complexified + # >>> a = scipy.linalg.fiedler_companion(np.arange(1, 10)) + a = np.array([[-2., -3., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., -4., 0., -5., 1., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., -6., 0., -7., 1., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., -8., 0., -9.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0.]])*1.j + assert_allclose(det(a), 9.) + + # g and G dtypes are handled differently in windows and other platforms + @pytest.mark.parametrize('typ', [x for x in np.typecodes['All'][:20] + if x not in 'gG']) + def test_sample_compatible_dtype_input(self, typ): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1680305949878959) + n = 4 + a = rng.random([n, n]).astype(typ) # value is not important + assert isinstance(det(a), (np.float64 | np.complex128)) + + def test_incompatible_dtype_input(self): + # Double backslashes needed for escaping pytest regex. + msg = 'cannot be cast to float\\(32, 64\\)' + + for c, t in zip('SUO', ['bytes8', 'str32', 'object']): + with assert_raises(TypeError, match=msg): + det(np.array([['a', 'b']]*2, dtype=c)) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match=msg): + det(np.array([[b'a', b'b']]*2, dtype='V')) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match=msg): + det(np.array([[100, 200]]*2, dtype='datetime64[s]')) + with assert_raises(TypeError, match=msg): + det(np.array([[100, 200]]*2, dtype='timedelta64[s]')) + + def test_empty_edge_cases(self): + assert_allclose(det(np.empty([0, 0])), 1.) + assert_allclose(det(np.empty([0, 0, 0])), np.array([])) + assert_allclose(det(np.empty([3, 0, 0])), np.array([1., 1., 1.])) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='Last 2 dimensions'): + det(np.empty([0, 0, 3])) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='at least two-dimensional'): + det(np.array([])) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='Last 2 dimensions'): + det(np.array([[]])) + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='Last 2 dimensions'): + det(np.array([[[]]])) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty_dtype(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + d = det(a) + assert d.shape == () + assert d.dtype == det(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + a = np.empty((3, 0, 0), dtype=dt) + d = det(a) + assert d.shape == (3,) + assert d.dtype == det(np.zeros((3, 1, 1), dtype=dt)).dtype + + def test_overwrite_a(self): + # If all conditions are met then input should be overwritten; + # - dtype is one of 'fdFD' + # - C-contiguous + # - writeable + a = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3).astype(np.float32) + ac = a.copy() + deta = det(ac, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(deta, 0.) + assert not (a == ac).all() + + def test_readonly_array(self): + a = np.array([[2., 0., 1.], [5., 3., -1.], [1., 1., 1.]]) + a.setflags(write=False) + # overwrite_a will be overridden + assert_allclose(det(a, overwrite_a=True), 10.) + + def test_simple_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2], [3, np.inf]] + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='array must not contain'): + det(a) + + +def direct_lstsq(a, b, cmplx=0): + at = transpose(a) + if cmplx: + at = conjugate(at) + a1 = dot(at, a) + b1 = dot(at, b) + return solve(a1, b1) + + +class TestLstsq: + lapack_drivers = ('gelsd', 'gelss', 'gelsy', None) + + def test_simple_exact(self): + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a = np.array([[1, 20], [-30, 4]], dtype=dtype) + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + for bt in (((1, 0), (0, 1)), (1, 0), + ((2, 1), (-30, 4))): + # Store values in case they are overwritten + # later + a1 = a.copy() + b = np.array(bt, dtype=dtype) + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, + lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == 2, + f'expected efficient rank 2, got {r}') + assert_allclose(dot(a, x), b, + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_simple_overdet(self): + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a = np.array([[1, 2], [4, 5], [3, 4]], dtype=dtype) + b = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype) + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + if lapack_driver == 'gelsy': + residuals = np.sum((b - a.dot(x))**2) + else: + residuals = out[1] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == 2, f'expected efficient rank 2, got {r}') + assert_allclose(abs((dot(a, x) - b)**2).sum(axis=0), + residuals, + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + assert_allclose(x, (-0.428571428571429, 0.85714285714285), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_simple_overdet_complex(self): + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + a = np.array([[1+2j, 2], [4, 5], [3, 4]], dtype=dtype) + b = np.array([1, 2+4j, 3], dtype=dtype) + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + + x = out[0] + if lapack_driver == 'gelsy': + res = b - a.dot(x) + residuals = np.sum(res * res.conj()) + else: + residuals = out[1] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == 2, f'expected efficient rank 2, got {r}') + assert_allclose(abs((dot(a, x) - b)**2).sum(axis=0), + residuals, + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + assert_allclose( + x, (-0.4831460674157303 + 0.258426966292135j, + 0.921348314606741 + 0.292134831460674j), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_simple_underdet(self): + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], dtype=dtype) + b = np.array([1, 2], dtype=dtype) + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == 2, f'expected efficient rank 2, got {r}') + assert_allclose(x, (-0.055555555555555, 0.111111111111111, + 0.277777777777777), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", REAL_DTYPES) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", (20, 200)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("lapack_driver", lapack_drivers) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("overwrite", (True, False)) + def test_random_exact(self, dtype, n, lapack_driver, overwrite): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + a = np.asarray(rng.random([n, n]), dtype=dtype) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20 * (0.1 + a[i, i]) + for i in range(4): + b = np.asarray(rng.random([n, 3]), dtype=dtype) + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, + lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == n, f'expected efficient rank {n}, ' + f'got {r}') + if dtype is np.float32: + assert_allclose( + dot(a, x), b, + rtol=500 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=500 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + else: + assert_allclose( + dot(a, x), b, + rtol=1000 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=1000 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + @pytest.mark.skipif(IS_MUSL, reason="may segfault on Alpine, see gh-17630") + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", COMPLEX_DTYPES) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", (20, 200)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("lapack_driver", lapack_drivers) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("overwrite", (True, False)) + def test_random_complex_exact(self, dtype, n, lapack_driver, overwrite): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + + a = np.asarray(rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]), + dtype=dtype) + for i in range(n): + a[i, i] = 20 * (0.1 + a[i, i]) + for i in range(2): + b = np.asarray(rng.random([n, 3]), dtype=dtype) + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == n, f'expected efficient rank {n}, ' + f'got {r}') + if dtype is np.complex64: + assert_allclose( + dot(a, x), b, + rtol=400 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=400 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + else: + assert_allclose( + dot(a, x), b, + rtol=1000 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=1000 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_random_overdet(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + for (n, m) in ((20, 15), (200, 2)): + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + a = np.asarray(rng.random([n, m]), dtype=dtype) + for i in range(m): + a[i, i] = 20 * (0.1 + a[i, i]) + for i in range(4): + b = np.asarray(rng.random([n, 3]), dtype=dtype) + # Store values in case they are overwritten later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, + lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == m, f'expected efficient rank {m}, ' + f'got {r}') + assert_allclose( + x, direct_lstsq(a, b, cmplx=0), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_random_complex_overdet(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + for (n, m) in ((20, 15), (200, 2)): + for lapack_driver in TestLstsq.lapack_drivers: + for overwrite in (True, False): + a = np.asarray(rng.random([n, m]) + 1j*rng.random([n, m]), + dtype=dtype) + for i in range(m): + a[i, i] = 20 * (0.1 + a[i, i]) + for i in range(2): + b = np.asarray(rng.random([n, 3]), dtype=dtype) + # Store values in case they are overwritten + # later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, + lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == m, f'expected efficient rank {m}, ' + f'got {r}') + assert_allclose( + x, direct_lstsq(a, b, cmplx=1), + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a1.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_check_finite(self): + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + # On (some) OSX this tests triggers a warning (gh-7538) + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", + "internal gelsd driver lwork query error,.*" + "Falling back to 'gelss' driver.", RuntimeWarning) + + at = np.array(((1, 20), (-30, 4))) + for dtype, bt, lapack_driver, overwrite, check_finite in \ + itertools.product(REAL_DTYPES, + (((1, 0), (0, 1)), (1, 0), ((2, 1), (-30, 4))), + TestLstsq.lapack_drivers, + (True, False), + (True, False)): + + a = at.astype(dtype) + b = np.array(bt, dtype=dtype) + # Store values in case they are overwritten + # later + a1 = a.copy() + b1 = b.copy() + out = lstsq(a1, b1, lapack_driver=lapack_driver, + check_finite=check_finite, overwrite_a=overwrite, + overwrite_b=overwrite) + x = out[0] + r = out[2] + assert_(r == 2, f'expected efficient rank 2, got {r}') + assert_allclose(dot(a, x), b, + rtol=25 * _eps_cast(a.dtype), + atol=25 * _eps_cast(a.dtype), + err_msg=f"driver: {lapack_driver}") + + def test_empty(self): + for a_shape, b_shape in (((0, 2), (0,)), + ((0, 4), (0, 2)), + ((4, 0), (4,)), + ((4, 0), (4, 2))): + b = np.ones(b_shape) + x, residues, rank, s = lstsq(np.zeros(a_shape), b) + assert_equal(x, np.zeros((a_shape[1],) + b_shape[1:])) + residues_should_be = (np.empty((0,)) if a_shape[1] + else np.linalg.norm(b, axis=0)**2) + assert_equal(residues, residues_should_be) + assert_(rank == 0, 'expected rank 0') + assert_equal(s, np.empty((0,))) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_a', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty_dtype(self, dt_a, dt_b): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_a) + b = np.empty(0, dtype=dt_b) + x, residues, rank, s = lstsq(a, b) + + assert x.size == 0 + dt_nonempty = lstsq(np.eye(2, dtype=dt_a), np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b))[0].dtype + assert x.dtype == dt_nonempty + + +class TestPinv: + def test_simple_real(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]], dtype=float) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = (array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]], + dtype=float) + 1j * array([[10, 8, 7], [6, 5, 4], [3, 2, 1]], + dtype=float)) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_simple_singular(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]], dtype=float) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + expected = array([[-6.38888889e-01, -1.66666667e-01, 3.05555556e-01], + [-5.55555556e-02, 1.30136518e-16, 5.55555556e-02], + [5.27777778e-01, 1.66666667e-01, -1.94444444e-01]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(a_pinv, expected) + + def test_simple_cols(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], dtype=float) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + expected = array([[-0.94444444, 0.44444444], + [-0.11111111, 0.11111111], + [0.72222222, -0.22222222]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(a_pinv, expected) + + def test_simple_rows(self): + a = array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]], dtype=float) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + expected = array([[-1.33333333, -0.33333333, 0.66666667], + [1.08333333, 0.33333333, -0.41666667]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(a_pinv, expected) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6.], [7, 8, 10]]) + a_pinv = pinv(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_native_list_argument(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]] + a_pinv = pinv(a) + expected = array([[-6.38888889e-01, -1.66666667e-01, 3.05555556e-01], + [-5.55555556e-02, 1.30136518e-16, 5.55555556e-02], + [5.27777778e-01, 1.66666667e-01, -1.94444444e-01]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(a_pinv, expected) + + def test_atol_rtol(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 12 + # get a random ortho matrix for shuffling + q, _ = qr(rng.random((n, n))) + a_m = np.arange(35.0).reshape(7, 5) + a = a_m.copy() + a[0, 0] = 0.001 + atol = 1e-5 + rtol = 0.05 + # svds of a_m is ~ [116.906, 4.234, tiny, tiny, tiny] + # svds of a is ~ [116.906, 4.234, 4.62959e-04, tiny, tiny] + # Just abs cutoff such that we arrive at a_modified + a_p = pinv(a_m, atol=atol, rtol=0.) + adiff1 = a @ a_p @ a - a + adiff2 = a_m @ a_p @ a_m - a_m + # Now adiff1 should be around atol value while adiff2 should be + # relatively tiny + assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(adiff1), 5e-4, atol=5.e-4) + assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(adiff2), 5e-14, atol=5.e-14) + + # Now do the same but remove another sv ~4.234 via rtol + a_p = pinv(a_m, atol=atol, rtol=rtol) + adiff1 = a @ a_p @ a - a + adiff2 = a_m @ a_p @ a_m - a_m + assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(adiff1), 4.233, rtol=0.01) + assert_allclose(np.linalg.norm(adiff2), 4.233, rtol=0.01) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + a_pinv = pinv(a) + assert a_pinv.size == 0 + assert a_pinv.dtype == pinv(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + +class TestPinvSymmetric: + def test_simple_real(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]], dtype=float) + a = np.dot(a, a.T) + a_pinv = pinvh(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_nonpositive(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]], dtype=float) + a = np.dot(a, a.T) + u, s, vt = np.linalg.svd(a) + s[0] *= -1 + a = np.dot(u * s, vt) # a is now symmetric non-positive and singular + a_pinv = pinv(a) + a_pinvh = pinvh(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(a_pinv, a_pinvh) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = (array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]], + dtype=float) + 1j * array([[10, 8, 7], [6, 5, 4], [3, 2, 1]], + dtype=float)) + a = np.dot(a, a.conj().T) + a_pinv = pinvh(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_native_list_argument(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]], dtype=float) + a = np.dot(a, a.T) + a_pinv = pinvh(a.tolist()) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a, a_pinv), np.eye(3)) + + def test_zero_eigenvalue(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/12515 + # the SYEVR eigh driver may give the zero eigenvalue > eps + a = np.array([[1, -1, 0], [-1, 2, -1], [0, -1, 1]]) + p = pinvh(a) + assert_allclose(p @ a @ p, p, atol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(a @ p @ a, a, atol=1e-15) + + def test_atol_rtol(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 12 + # get a random ortho matrix for shuffling + q, _ = qr(rng.random((n, n))) + a = np.diag([4, 3, 2, 1, 0.99e-4, 0.99e-5] + [0.99e-6]*(n-6)) + a = q.T @ a @ q + a_m = np.diag([4, 3, 2, 1, 0.99e-4, 0.] + [0.]*(n-6)) + a_m = q.T @ a_m @ q + atol = 1e-5 + rtol = (4.01e-4 - 4e-5)/4 + # Just abs cutoff such that we arrive at a_modified + a_p = pinvh(a, atol=atol, rtol=0.) + adiff1 = a @ a_p @ a - a + adiff2 = a_m @ a_p @ a_m - a_m + # Now adiff1 should dance around atol value since truncation + # while adiff2 should be relatively tiny + assert_allclose(norm(adiff1), atol, rtol=0.1) + assert_allclose(norm(adiff2), 1e-12, atol=1e-11) + + # Now do the same but through rtol cancelling atol value + a_p = pinvh(a, atol=atol, rtol=rtol) + adiff1 = a @ a_p @ a - a + adiff2 = a_m @ a_p @ a_m - a_m + # adiff1 and adiff2 should be elevated to ~1e-4 due to mismatch + assert_allclose(norm(adiff1), 1e-4, rtol=0.1) + assert_allclose(norm(adiff2), 1e-4, rtol=0.1) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + a_pinv = pinvh(a) + assert a_pinv.size == 0 + assert a_pinv.dtype == pinv(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('scale', (1e-20, 1., 1e20)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('pinv_', (pinv, pinvh)) +def test_auto_rcond(scale, pinv_): + x = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1e-10]]) * scale + expected = np.diag(1. / np.diag(x)) + x_inv = pinv_(x) + assert_allclose(x_inv, expected) + + +class TestVectorNorms: + + def test_types(self): + for dtype in np.typecodes['AllFloat']: + x = np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=dtype) + tol = max(1e-15, np.finfo(dtype).eps.real * 20) + assert_allclose(norm(x), np.sqrt(14), rtol=tol) + assert_allclose(norm(x, 2), np.sqrt(14), rtol=tol) + + for dtype in np.typecodes['Complex']: + x = np.array([1j, 2j, 3j], dtype=dtype) + tol = max(1e-15, np.finfo(dtype).eps.real * 20) + assert_allclose(norm(x), np.sqrt(14), rtol=tol) + assert_allclose(norm(x, 2), np.sqrt(14), rtol=tol) + + def test_overflow(self): + # unlike numpy's norm, this one is + # safer on overflow + a = array([1e20], dtype=float32) + assert_almost_equal(norm(a), a) + + def test_stable(self): + # more stable than numpy's norm + a = array([1e4] + [1]*10000, dtype=float32) + try: + # snrm in double precision; we obtain the same as for float64 + # -- large atol needed due to varying blas implementations + assert_allclose(norm(a) - 1e4, 0.5, atol=1e-2) + except AssertionError: + # snrm implemented in single precision, == np.linalg.norm result + msg = ": Result should equal either 0.0 or 0.5 (depending on " \ + "implementation of snrm2)." + assert_almost_equal(norm(a) - 1e4, 0.0, err_msg=msg) + + def test_zero_norm(self): + assert_equal(norm([1, 0, 3], 0), 2) + assert_equal(norm([1, 2, 3], 0), 3) + + def test_axis_kwd(self): + a = np.array([[[2, 1], [3, 4]]] * 2, 'd') + assert_allclose(norm(a, axis=1), [[3.60555128, 4.12310563]] * 2) + assert_allclose(norm(a, 1, axis=1), [[5.] * 2] * 2) + + def test_keepdims_kwd(self): + a = np.array([[[2, 1], [3, 4]]] * 2, 'd') + b = norm(a, axis=1, keepdims=True) + assert_allclose(b, [[[3.60555128, 4.12310563]]] * 2) + assert_(b.shape == (2, 1, 2)) + assert_allclose(norm(a, 1, axis=2, keepdims=True), [[[3.], [7.]]] * 2) + + @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_ILP64, reason="64-bit BLAS required") + def test_large_vector(self): + check_free_memory(free_mb=17000) + x = np.zeros([2**31], dtype=np.float64) + x[-1] = 1 + res = norm(x) + del x + assert_allclose(res, 1.0) + + +class TestMatrixNorms: + + def test_matrix_norms(self): + # Not all of these are matrix norms in the most technical sense. + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for n, m in (1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 1), (4, 4), (4, 5), (5, 4): + for t in np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128, np.int64: + A = 10 * rng.standard_normal((n, m)).astype(t) + if np.issubdtype(A.dtype, np.complexfloating): + A += 10j * rng.standard_normal((n, m)) + t_high = np.complex128 + else: + t_high = np.float64 + for order in (None, 'fro', 1, -1, 2, -2, np.inf, -np.inf): + actual = norm(A, ord=order) + desired = np.linalg.norm(A, ord=order) + # SciPy may return higher precision matrix norms. + # This is a consequence of using LAPACK. + if not np.allclose(actual, desired): + desired = np.linalg.norm(A.astype(t_high), ord=order) + assert_allclose(actual, desired) + + def test_axis_kwd(self): + a = np.array([[[2, 1], [3, 4]]] * 2, 'd') + b = norm(a, ord=np.inf, axis=(1, 0)) + c = norm(np.swapaxes(a, 0, 1), ord=np.inf, axis=(0, 1)) + d = norm(a, ord=1, axis=(0, 1)) + assert_allclose(b, c) + assert_allclose(c, d) + assert_allclose(b, d) + assert_(b.shape == c.shape == d.shape) + b = norm(a, ord=1, axis=(1, 0)) + c = norm(np.swapaxes(a, 0, 1), ord=1, axis=(0, 1)) + d = norm(a, ord=np.inf, axis=(0, 1)) + assert_allclose(b, c) + assert_allclose(c, d) + assert_allclose(b, d) + assert_(b.shape == c.shape == d.shape) + + def test_keepdims_kwd(self): + a = np.arange(120, dtype='d').reshape(2, 3, 4, 5) + b = norm(a, ord=np.inf, axis=(1, 0), keepdims=True) + c = norm(a, ord=1, axis=(0, 1), keepdims=True) + assert_allclose(b, c) + assert_(b.shape == c.shape) + + def test_empty(self): + a = np.empty((0, 0)) + assert_allclose(norm(a), 0.) + assert_allclose(norm(a, axis=0), np.zeros((0,))) + assert_allclose(norm(a, keepdims=True), np.zeros((1, 1))) + + a = np.empty((0, 3)) + assert_allclose(norm(a), 0.) + assert_allclose(norm(a, axis=0), np.zeros((3,))) + assert_allclose(norm(a, keepdims=True), np.zeros((1, 1))) + + +class TestOverwrite: + def test_solve(self): + assert_no_overwrite(solve, [(3, 3), (3,)]) + + def test_solve_triangular(self): + assert_no_overwrite(solve_triangular, [(3, 3), (3,)]) + + def test_solve_banded(self): + assert_no_overwrite(lambda ab, b: solve_banded((2, 1), ab, b), + [(4, 6), (6,)]) + + def test_solveh_banded(self): + assert_no_overwrite(solveh_banded, [(2, 6), (6,)]) + + def test_inv(self): + assert_no_overwrite(inv, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_det(self): + assert_no_overwrite(det, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_lstsq(self): + assert_no_overwrite(lstsq, [(3, 2), (3,)]) + + def test_pinv(self): + assert_no_overwrite(pinv, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_pinvh(self): + assert_no_overwrite(pinvh, [(3, 3)]) + + +class TestSolveCirculant: + + def test_basic1(self): + c = np.array([1, 2, 3, 5]) + b = np.array([1, -1, 1, 0]) + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + def test_basic2(self): + # b is a 2-d matrix. + c = np.array([1, 2, -3, -5]) + b = np.arange(12).reshape(4, 3) + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + def test_basic3(self): + # b is a 3-d matrix. + c = np.array([1, 2, -3, -5]) + b = np.arange(24).reshape(4, 3, 2) + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b.reshape(4, -1)).reshape(b.shape) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + def test_complex(self): + # Complex b and c + c = np.array([1+2j, -3, 4j, 5]) + b = np.arange(8).reshape(4, 2) + 0.5j + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + def test_random_b_and_c(self): + # Random b and c + rng = np.random.RandomState(54321) + c = rng.standard_normal(50) + b = rng.standard_normal(50) + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + def test_singular(self): + # c gives a singular circulant matrix. + c = np.array([1, 1, 0, 0]) + b = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) + x = solve_circulant(c, b, singular='lstsq') + y, res, rnk, s = lstsq(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + assert_raises(LinAlgError, solve_circulant, x, y) + + def test_axis_args(self): + # Test use of caxis, baxis and outaxis. + + # c has shape (2, 1, 4) + c = np.array([[[-1, 2.5, 3, 3.5]], [[1, 6, 6, 6.5]]]) + + # b has shape (3, 4) + b = np.array([[0, 0, 1, 1], [1, 1, 0, 0], [1, -1, 0, 0]]) + + x = solve_circulant(c, b, baxis=1) + assert_equal(x.shape, (4, 2, 3)) + expected = np.empty_like(x) + expected[:, 0, :] = solve(circulant(c[0].ravel()), b.T) + expected[:, 1, :] = solve(circulant(c[1].ravel()), b.T) + assert_allclose(x, expected) + + x = solve_circulant(c, b, baxis=1, outaxis=-1) + assert_equal(x.shape, (2, 3, 4)) + assert_allclose(np.moveaxis(x, -1, 0), expected) + + # np.swapaxes(c, 1, 2) has shape (2, 4, 1); b.T has shape (4, 3). + x = solve_circulant(np.swapaxes(c, 1, 2), b.T, caxis=1) + assert_equal(x.shape, (4, 2, 3)) + assert_allclose(x, expected) + + def test_native_list_arguments(self): + # Same as test_basic1 using python's native list. + c = [1, 2, 3, 5] + b = [1, -1, 1, 0] + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + y = solve(circulant(c), b) + assert_allclose(x, y) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_c', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt_c, dt_b): + c = np.array([], dtype=dt_c) + b = np.array([], dtype=dt_b) + x = solve_circulant(c, b) + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert x.dtype == solve_circulant(np.arange(3, dtype=dt_c), + np.ones(3, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + b = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x1 = solve_circulant(c, b) + assert x1.shape == (0, 0) + assert x1.dtype == x.dtype + + +class TestMatrix_Balance: + @skip_xp_invalid_arg + def test_string_arg(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, matrix_balance, 'Some string for fail') + + def test_infnan_arg(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, matrix_balance, + np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.inf]])) + assert_raises(ValueError, matrix_balance, + np.array([[1, 2], [3, np.nan]])) + + def test_scaling(self): + _, y = matrix_balance(np.array([[1000, 1], [1000, 0]])) + # Pre/post LAPACK 3.5.0 gives the same result up to an offset + # since in each case col norm is x1000 greater and + # 1000 / 32 ~= 1 * 32 hence balanced with 2 ** 5. + assert_allclose(np.diff(np.log2(np.diag(y))), [5]) + + def test_scaling_order(self): + A = np.array([[1, 0, 1e-4], [1, 1, 1e-2], [1e4, 1e2, 1]]) + x, y = matrix_balance(A) + assert_allclose(solve(y, A).dot(y), x) + + def test_separate(self): + _, (y, z) = matrix_balance(np.array([[1000, 1], [1000, 0]]), + separate=1) + assert_equal(np.diff(np.log2(y)), [5]) + assert_allclose(z, np.arange(2)) + + def test_permutation(self): + A = block_diag(np.ones((2, 2)), np.tril(np.ones((2, 2))), + np.ones((3, 3))) + x, (y, z) = matrix_balance(A, separate=1) + assert_allclose(y, np.ones_like(y)) + assert_allclose(z, np.array([0, 1, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2])) + + def test_perm_and_scaling(self): + # Matrix with its diagonal removed + cases = ( # Case 0 + np.array([[0., 0., 0., 0., 0.000002], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [2., 2., 0., 0., 0.], + [2., 2., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0.000002, 0., 0.]]), + # Case 1 user reported GH-7258 + np.array([[-0.5, 0., 0., 0.], + [0., -1., 0., 0.], + [1., 0., -0.5, 0.], + [0., 1., 0., -1.]]), + # Case 2 user reported GH-7258 + np.array([[-3., 0., 1., 0.], + [-1., -1., -0., 1.], + [-3., -0., -0., 0.], + [-1., -0., 1., -1.]]) + ) + + for A in cases: + x, y = matrix_balance(A) + x, (s, p) = matrix_balance(A, separate=1) + ip = np.empty_like(p) + ip[p] = np.arange(A.shape[0]) + assert_allclose(y, np.diag(s)[ip, :]) + assert_allclose(solve(y, A).dot(y), x) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + b, t = matrix_balance(a) + + assert b.size == 0 + assert t.size == 0 + + b_n, t_n = matrix_balance(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + assert b.dtype == b_n.dtype + assert t.dtype == t_n.dtype + + b, (scale, perm) = matrix_balance(a, separate=True) + assert b.size == 0 + assert scale.size == 0 + assert perm.size == 0 + + b_n, (scale_n, perm_n) = matrix_balance(a, separate=True) + assert b.dtype == b_n.dtype + assert scale.dtype == scale_n.dtype + assert perm.dtype == perm_n.dtype + + +class TestDTypes: + """Check backwards compatibility for dtypes vs scipy 1.16.""" + + def get_arr2D(self, tcode): + # return a valid 2D array for the typecode + if tcode == 'M': + return np.eye(2, dtype='datetime64[ms]') + elif tcode == 'V': + return np.asarray([[b'a', b'b'], [b'c', b'd']], dtype='V') + else: + return np.eye(2, dtype=tcode) + + def get_arr1D(self, tcode): + # return a valid 1D array for the typecode + if tcode == 'M': + return np.ones(2, dtype='datetime64[ms]') + elif tcode == 'V': + return np.asarray([b'a', b'b'], dtype='V') + else: + return np.ones(2, dtype=tcode) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("tcode", np.typecodes['All']) + def test_inv(self, tcode): + # check backwards compat vs scipy 1.16 + a = self.get_arr2D(tcode) + if tcode in 'SUVO': + # raises + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + inv(a) + else: + # passes + inv(a) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("tcode", np.typecodes['All']) + def test_det(self, tcode): + a = self.get_arr2D(tcode) + + is_arm = platform.machine() == 'arm64' + is_windows = os.name == 'nt' + + failing_tcodes = 'SUVOmM' + if not (is_arm or is_windows): + failing_tcodes += 'gG' + + if tcode in failing_tcodes: + # raises + with pytest.raises(TypeError): + det(a) + else: + # passes + det(a) + + @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:Casting complex values") + @pytest.mark.parametrize("tcode_a", np.typecodes['All']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("tcode_b", np.typecodes['All']) + def test_solve(self, tcode_a, tcode_b): + a = self.get_arr2D(tcode_a) + b = self.get_arr1D(tcode_b) + + can_combine = True + try: + np.result_type(tcode_a, tcode_b) + except TypeError: + can_combine = False + + if not can_combine: + # np.exceptions.DTypePromotionError subclasses TypeError + with pytest.raises(TypeError): + solve(a, b) + elif tcode_a in 'SUVO' or tcode_b in 'VO': + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + solve(a, b) + else: + solve(a, b) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_batch.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_batch.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dff2bb92262c951ee2529609a6c19b6fff142f91 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_batch.py @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ +import inspect +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose +from scipy import linalg, sparse + + +real_floating = [np.float32, np.float64] +complex_floating = [np.complex64, np.complex128] +floating = real_floating + complex_floating + + +def get_random(shape, *, dtype, rng): + A = rng.random(shape) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.complexfloating): + A = A + rng.random(shape) * 1j + return A.astype(dtype) + +def get_nearly_hermitian(shape, dtype, atol, rng): + # Generate a batch of nearly Hermitian matrices with specified + # `shape` and `dtype`. `atol` controls the level of noise in + # Hermitian-ness to by generated by `rng`. + A = rng.random(shape).astype(dtype) + At = np.conj(A.swapaxes(-1, -2)) + noise = rng.standard_normal(size=A.shape).astype(dtype) * atol + return A + At + noise + + +class TestBatch: + # Test batch support for most linalg functions + + def batch_test(self, fun, arrays, *, core_dim=2, n_out=1, kwargs=None, dtype=None, + broadcast=True, check_kwargs=True): + # Check that all outputs of batched call `fun(A, **kwargs)` are the same + # as if we loop over the separate vectors/matrices in `A`. Also check + # that `fun` accepts `A` by position or keyword and that results are + # identical. This is important because the name of the array argument + # is manually specified to the decorator, and it's easy to mess up. + # However, this makes it hard to test positional arguments passed + # after the array, so we test that separately for a few functions to + # make sure the decorator is working as it should. + + kwargs = {} if kwargs is None else kwargs + parameters = list(inspect.signature(fun).parameters.keys()) + arrays = (arrays,) if not isinstance(arrays, tuple) else arrays + + # Identical results when passing argument by keyword or position + res2 = fun(*arrays, **kwargs) + if check_kwargs: + res1 = fun(**dict(zip(parameters, arrays)), **kwargs) + for out1, out2 in zip(res1, res2): # even a single array is iterable... + np.testing.assert_equal(out1, out2) + + # Check results vs looping over + res = (res2,) if n_out == 1 else res2 + # This is not the general behavior (only batch dimensions get + # broadcasted by the decorator) but it's easier for testing. + if broadcast: + arrays = np.broadcast_arrays(*arrays) + batch_shape = arrays[0].shape[:-core_dim] + for i in range(batch_shape[0]): + for j in range(batch_shape[1]): + arrays_ij = (array[i, j] for array in arrays) + ref = fun(*arrays_ij, **kwargs) + ref = ((np.asarray(ref),) if n_out == 1 else + tuple(np.asarray(refk) for refk in ref)) + for k in range(n_out): + assert_allclose(res[k][i, j], ref[k]) + assert np.shape(res[k][i, j]) == ref[k].shape + + for k in range(len(ref)): + out_dtype = ref[k].dtype if dtype is None else dtype + assert res[k].dtype == out_dtype + + return res2 # return original, non-tuplized result + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_expm_cond(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = rng.random((5, 3, 4, 4)).astype(dtype) + self.batch_test(linalg.expm_cond, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_issymmetric(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_nearly_hermitian((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype, 3e-4, rng) + res = self.batch_test(linalg.issymmetric, A, kwargs=dict(atol=1e-3)) + assert not np.all(res) # ensure test is not trivial: not all True or False; + assert np.any(res) # also confirms that `atol` is passed to issymmetric + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_ishermitian(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_nearly_hermitian((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype, 3e-4, rng) + res = self.batch_test(linalg.ishermitian, A, kwargs=dict(atol=1e-3)) + assert not np.all(res) # ensure test is not trivial: not all True or False; + assert np.any(res) # also confirms that `atol` is passed to ishermitian + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_diagsvd(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = rng.random((5, 3, 4)).astype(dtype) + res1 = self.batch_test(linalg.diagsvd, A, kwargs=dict(M=6, N=4), core_dim=1) + # test that `M, N` can be passed by position + res2 = linalg.diagsvd(A, 6, 4) + np.testing.assert_equal(res1, res2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun', [linalg.inv, linalg.sqrtm, linalg.signm, + linalg.sinm, linalg.cosm, linalg.tanhm, + linalg.sinhm, linalg.coshm, linalg.tanhm, + linalg.pinv, linalg.pinvh, linalg.orth]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_matmat(self, fun, dtype): # matrix in, matrix out + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + # sqrtm can return complex output for real input resulting in i/o type + # mismatch. Nudge the eigenvalues to positive side to avoid this. + if fun == linalg.sqrtm: + A = A + 3*np.eye(4, dtype=dtype) + + self.batch_test(fun, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_null_space(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 6), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.null_space, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_funm(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 4, 3, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.funm, A, kwargs=dict(func=np.sin)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_fractional_matrix_power(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 4, 3, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + res1 = self.batch_test(linalg.fractional_matrix_power, A, kwargs={'t':1.5}) + # test that `t` can be passed by position + res2 = linalg.fractional_matrix_power(A, 1.5) + np.testing.assert_equal(res1, res2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_logm(self, dtype): + # One test failed absolute tolerance with default random seed + rng = np.random.default_rng(89940026998903887141749720079406074936) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = A + 3*np.eye(4) # avoid complex output for real input + res1 = self.batch_test(linalg.logm, A) + # test that `disp` can be passed by position + res2 = linalg.logm(A) + for res1i, res2i in zip(res1, res2): + np.testing.assert_equal(res1i, res2i) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_pinv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.pinv, A, n_out=2, kwargs=dict(return_rank=True)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_matrix_balance(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.matrix_balance, A, n_out=2) + self.batch_test(linalg.matrix_balance, A, n_out=2, kwargs={'separate':True}) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_bandwidth(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = np.asarray([np.triu(A, k) for k in range(-3, 3)]).reshape((2, 3, 4, 4)) + self.batch_test(linalg.bandwidth, A, n_out=2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun_n_out', [(linalg.cholesky, 1), (linalg.ldl, 3), + (linalg.cho_factor, 2)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_ldl_cholesky(self, fun_n_out, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + fun, n_out = fun_n_out + A = get_nearly_hermitian((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype, 0, rng) # exactly Hermitian + A = A + 4*np.eye(4, dtype=dtype) # ensure positive definite for Cholesky + self.batch_test(fun, A, n_out=n_out) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('compute_uv', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_svd(self, compute_uv, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 2, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + n_out = 3 if compute_uv else 1 + self.batch_test(linalg.svd, A, n_out=n_out, kwargs=dict(compute_uv=compute_uv)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun', [linalg.polar, linalg.qr, linalg.rq]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_polar_qr_rq(self, fun, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 2, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(fun, A, n_out=2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('cdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_qr_multiply(self, cdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + c = get_random(cdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + res = linalg.qr_multiply(A, c, mode='left') + q, r = linalg.qr(A) + ref = q @ c + atol = 1e-6 if dtype in {np.float32, np.complex64} else 1e-12 + assert_allclose(res[0], ref, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(res[1], r, atol=atol) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('uvdim', [[(5,), (3,)], [(4, 5, 2), (4, 3, 2)]]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_qr_update(self, uvdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + udim, vdim = uvdim + A = get_random((4, 5, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + u = get_random(udim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + v = get_random(vdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + q, r = linalg.qr(A) + res = linalg.qr_update(q, r, u, v) + for i in range(4): + qi, ri = q[i], r[i] + ui, vi = (u, v) if u.ndim == 1 else (u[i], v[i]) + ref_i = linalg.qr_update(qi, ri, ui, vi) + assert_allclose(res[0][i], ref_i[0]) + assert_allclose(res[1][i], ref_i[1]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('udim', [(5,), (4, 3, 5)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kdim', [(), (4,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_qr_insert(self, udim, kdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((4, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + u = get_random(udim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + k = rng.integers(0, 5, size=kdim) + q, r = linalg.qr(A) + res = linalg.qr_insert(q, r, u, k) + for i in range(4): + qi, ri = q[i], r[i] + ki = k if k.ndim == 0 else k[i] + ui = u if u.ndim == 1 else u[i] + ref_i = linalg.qr_insert(qi, ri, ui, ki) + assert_allclose(res[0][i], ref_i[0]) + assert_allclose(res[1][i], ref_i[1]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('kdim', [(), (4,)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_qr_delete(self, kdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((4, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + k = rng.integers(0, 4, size=kdim) + q, r = linalg.qr(A) + res = linalg.qr_delete(q, r, k) + for i in range(4): + qi, ri = q[i], r[i] + ki = k if k.ndim == 0 else k[i] + ref_i = linalg.qr_delete(qi, ri, ki) + assert_allclose(res[0][i], ref_i[0]) + assert_allclose(res[1][i], ref_i[1]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun', [linalg.schur, linalg.lu_factor]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_schur_lu(self, fun, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(fun, A, n_out=2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('calc_q', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_hessenberg(self, calc_q, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + n_out = 2 if calc_q else 1 + self.batch_test(linalg.hessenberg, A, n_out=n_out, kwargs=dict(calc_q=calc_q)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('eigvals_only', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_eig_banded(self, eigvals_only, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + n_out = 1 if eigvals_only else 2 + self.batch_test(linalg.eig_banded, A, n_out=n_out, + kwargs=dict(eigvals_only=eigvals_only)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_eigvals_banded(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.eigvals_banded, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('two_in', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun_n_nout', [(linalg.eigh, 1), (linalg.eigh, 2), + (linalg.eigvalsh, 1), (linalg.eigvals, 1)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_eigh(self, two_in, fun_n_nout, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + fun, n_out = fun_n_nout + A = get_nearly_hermitian((1, 3, 4, 4), dtype, 0, rng) # exactly Hermitian + B = get_nearly_hermitian((2, 1, 4, 4), dtype, 0, rng) # exactly Hermitian + B = B + 4*np.eye(4).astype(dtype) # needs to be positive definite + args = (A, B) if two_in else (A,) + kwargs = dict(eigvals_only=True) if (n_out == 1 and fun==linalg.eigh) else {} + self.batch_test(fun, args, n_out=n_out, kwargs=kwargs) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('compute_expm', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_expm_frechet(self, compute_expm, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((1, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + E = get_random((2, 1, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + n_out = 2 if compute_expm else 1 + self.batch_test(linalg.expm_frechet, (A, E), n_out=n_out, + kwargs=dict(compute_expm=compute_expm)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_subspace_angles(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((1, 3, 4, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + B = get_random((2, 1, 4, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.subspace_angles, (A, B)) + # just to show that A and B don't need to be broadcastable + M, N, K = 4, 5, 3 + A = get_random((1, 3, M, N), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + B = get_random((2, 1, M, K), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + assert linalg.subspace_angles(A, B).shape == (2, 3, min(N, K)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun', [linalg.svdvals]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_svdvals(self, fun, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 4, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(fun, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun_n_out', [(linalg.orthogonal_procrustes, 2), + (linalg.khatri_rao, 1), + (linalg.solve_continuous_lyapunov, 1), + (linalg.solve_discrete_lyapunov, 1), + (linalg.qz, 4), + (linalg.ordqz, 6)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_two_generic_matrix_inputs(self, fun_n_out, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + fun, n_out = fun_n_out + A = get_random((2, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + B = get_random((2, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(fun, (A, B), n_out=n_out) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_cossin(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + p, q = 3, 4 + X = get_random((2, 3, 10, 10), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x11, x12, x21, x22 = (X[..., :p, :q], X[..., :p, q:], + X[..., p:, :q], X[..., p:, q:]) + res = linalg.cossin(X, p, q) + ref = linalg.cossin((x11, x12, x21, x22)) + for res_i, ref_i in zip(res, ref): + np.testing.assert_equal(res_i, ref_i) + + for j in range(2): + for k in range(3): + ref_jk = linalg.cossin(X[j, k], p, q) + for res_i, ref_ijk in zip(res, ref_jk): + np.testing.assert_equal(res_i[j, k], ref_ijk) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_sylvester(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + B = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + C = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.solve_sylvester, (A, B, C)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun', [linalg.solve_continuous_are, + linalg.solve_discrete_are]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_are(self, fun, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + a = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + q = get_nearly_hermitian((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, atol=0, rng=rng) + r = get_nearly_hermitian((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, atol=0, rng=rng) + a = a + 5*np.eye(5) # making these positive definite seems to help + b = b + 5*np.eye(5) + q = q + 5*np.eye(5) + r = r + 5*np.eye(5) + e = np.eye(5) + s = np.zeros((5, 5)) + self.batch_test(fun, (a, b, q, r)) + self.batch_test(fun, (a, b, q, r, e)) + self.batch_test(fun, (a, b, q, r, e, s)) + + res = fun(a, b, q, r) + ref = fun(a, b, q, r, s=s) + np.testing.assert_allclose(res, ref) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_rsf2cs(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + T, Z = linalg.schur(A) + self.batch_test(linalg.rsf2csf, (T, Z), n_out=2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_cholesky_banded(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + ab = get_random((5, 4, 3, 6), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + ab[..., -1, :] = 10 # make diagonal dominant + self.batch_test(linalg.cholesky_banded, ab) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_block_diag(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + a = get_random((1, 3, 1, 3), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random((2, 1, 3, 6), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + c = get_random((1, 1, 3, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + # batch_test doesn't have the logic to broadcast just the batch shapes, + # so do it manually. + a2 = np.broadcast_to(a, (2, 3, 1, 3)) + b2 = np.broadcast_to(b, (2, 3, 3, 6)) + c2 = np.broadcast_to(c, (2, 3, 3, 2)) + ref = self.batch_test(linalg.block_diag, (a2, b2, c2), + check_kwargs=False, broadcast=False) + + # Check that `block_diag` broadcasts the batch shapes as expected. + res = linalg.block_diag(a, b, c) + assert_allclose(res, ref) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('fun_n_out', [(linalg.eigh_tridiagonal, 2), + (linalg.eigvalsh_tridiagonal, 1)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', real_floating) + # "Only real arrays currently supported" + def test_eigh_tridiagonal(self, fun_n_out, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + fun, n_out = fun_n_out + d = get_random((3, 4, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + e = get_random((3, 4, 4), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(fun, (d, e), core_dim=1, n_out=n_out, broadcast=False) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_solve(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.solve(A, b) + if len(bdim) == 1: + x = x[..., np.newaxis] + b = b[..., np.newaxis] + assert_allclose(A @ x - b, 0, atol=2e-6) + assert_allclose(x, np.linalg.solve(A, b), atol=3e-6) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_lu_solve(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + lu_and_piv = linalg.lu_factor(A) + x = linalg.lu_solve(lu_and_piv, b) + if len(bdim) == 1: + x = x[..., np.newaxis] + b = b[..., np.newaxis] + assert_allclose(A @ x - b, 0, atol=2e-6) + assert_allclose(x, np.linalg.solve(A, b), atol=3e-6) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('l_and_u', [(1, 1), ([2, 1, 0], [0, 1 , 2])]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_solve_banded(self, l_and_u, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + l, u = l_and_u + ab = get_random((2, 3, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.solve_banded((l, u), ab, b) + for i in range(2): + for j in range(3): + bij = b if len(bdim) <= 2 else b[i, j] + lj = l if np.ndim(l) == 0 else l[j] + uj = u if np.ndim(u) == 0 else u[j] + xij = linalg.solve_banded((lj, uj), ab[i, j], bij) + assert_allclose(x[i, j], xij) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('separate_r', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_solve_toeplitz(self, separate_r, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + c = get_random((2, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + r = get_random((2, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + c_or_cr = (c, r) if separate_r else c + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.solve_toeplitz(c_or_cr, b) + for i in range(2): + for j in range(3): + bij = b if len(bdim) <= 2 else b[i, j] + c_or_cr_ij = (c[i, j], r[i, j]) if separate_r else c[i, j] + xij = linalg.solve_toeplitz(c_or_cr_ij, bij) + assert_allclose(x[i, j], xij) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('separate_r', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('xdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_matmul_toeplitz(self, separate_r, xdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + c = get_random((2, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + r = get_random((2, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + c_or_cr = (c, r) if separate_r else c + x = get_random(xdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + res = linalg.matmul_toeplitz(c_or_cr, x) + if separate_r: + ref = linalg.toeplitz(c, r) @ x + else: + ref = linalg.toeplitz(c) @ x + atol = 1e-6 if dtype in {np.float32, np.complex64} else 1e-12 + assert_allclose(res, ref, atol=atol) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_cho_solve(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_nearly_hermitian((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, atol=0, rng=rng) + A = A + 5*np.eye(5) + c_and_lower = linalg.cho_factor(A) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.cho_solve(c_and_lower, b) + if len(bdim) == 1: + x = x[..., np.newaxis] + b = b[..., np.newaxis] + assert_allclose(A @ x - b, 0, atol=1e-6) + assert_allclose(x, np.linalg.solve(A, b), atol=2e-6) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('lower', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_cho_solve_banded(self, lower, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + row_diag = 0 if lower else -1 + A[:, :, row_diag] = 10 + cb = linalg.cholesky_banded(A, lower=lower) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.cho_solve_banded((cb, lower), b) + for i in range(2): + for j in range(3): + bij = b if len(bdim) <= 2 else b[i, j] + xij = linalg.cho_solve_banded((cb[i, j], lower), bij) + assert_allclose(x[i, j], xij) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_solveh_banded(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 3, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A[:, :, -1] = 10 + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.solveh_banded(A, b) + for i in range(2): + for j in range(3): + bij = b if len(bdim) <= 2 else b[i, j] + xij = linalg.solveh_banded(A[i, j], bij) + assert_allclose(x[i, j], xij) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(5,), (5, 4), (2, 3, 5, 4)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_solve_triangular(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 5, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = np.tril(A) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + x = linalg.solve_triangular(A, b, lower=True) + if len(bdim) == 1: + x = x[..., np.newaxis] + b = b[..., np.newaxis] + atol = 1e-10 if dtype in (np.complex128, np.float64) else 2e-4 + assert_allclose(A @ x - b, 0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(x, np.linalg.solve(A, b), atol=5*atol) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('bdim', [(4,), (4, 3), (2, 3, 4, 3)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_lstsq(self, bdim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((2, 3, 4, 5), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = get_random(bdim, dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + res = linalg.lstsq(A, b) + x = res[0] + if len(bdim) == 1: + x = x[..., np.newaxis] + b = b[..., np.newaxis] + assert_allclose(A @ x - b, 0, atol=2e-6) + assert len(res) == 4 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', floating) + def test_clarkson_woodruff_transform(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 6), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + self.batch_test(linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform, A, + kwargs=dict(sketch_size=3, rng=311224)) + + def test_clarkson_woodruff_transform_sparse(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(8342310302941288912051) + A = get_random((5, 3, 4, 6), dtype=np.float64, rng=rng) + A = sparse.coo_array(A) + message = "Batch support for sparse arrays is not available." + with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError, match=message): + linalg.clarkson_woodruff_transform(A, sketch_size=3, rng=rng) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('f, args', [ + (linalg.toeplitz, (np.ones((0, 4)),)), + (linalg.eig, (np.ones((3, 0, 5, 5)),)), + ]) + def test_zero_size_batch(self, f, args): + message = "does not support zero-size batches." + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=message): + f(*args) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_blas.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_blas.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..62c157c0b42fb4e02f8eb3c094854705f336796e --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_blas.py @@ -0,0 +1,1037 @@ +# +# Created by: Pearu Peterson, April 2002 +# + +import math +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_almost_equal, + assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from numpy import (arange, triu, tril, zeros, tril_indices, ones, + diag, append, eye, nonzero) + +import scipy +from scipy.linalg import _fblas as fblas, get_blas_funcs, toeplitz, solve + +try: + from scipy.linalg import _cblas as cblas +except ImportError: + cblas = None + +REAL_DTYPES = [np.float32, np.float64] +COMPLEX_DTYPES = [np.complex64, np.complex128] +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +def test_get_blas_funcs(): + # check that it returns Fortran code for arrays that are + # fortran-ordered + f1, f2, f3 = get_blas_funcs( + ('axpy', 'axpy', 'axpy'), + (np.empty((2, 2), dtype=np.complex64, order='F'), + np.empty((2, 2), dtype=np.complex128, order='C')) + ) + + # get_blas_funcs will choose libraries depending on most generic + # array + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'z') + assert_equal(f2.typecode, 'z') + if cblas is not None: + assert_equal(f1.module_name, 'cblas') + assert_equal(f2.module_name, 'cblas') + + # check defaults. + f1 = get_blas_funcs('rotg') + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'd') + + # check also dtype interface + f1 = get_blas_funcs('gemm', dtype=np.complex64) + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'c') + f1 = get_blas_funcs('gemm', dtype='F') + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'c') + + # extended precision complex + f1 = get_blas_funcs('gemm', dtype=np.clongdouble) + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'z') + + # check safe complex upcasting + f1 = get_blas_funcs('axpy', + (np.empty((2, 2), dtype=np.float64), + np.empty((2, 2), dtype=np.complex64)) + ) + assert_equal(f1.typecode, 'z') + + +def test_get_blas_funcs_alias(): + # check alias for get_blas_funcs + f, g = get_blas_funcs(('nrm2', 'dot'), dtype=np.complex64) + assert f.typecode == 'c' + assert g.typecode == 'c' + + f, g, h = get_blas_funcs(('dot', 'dotc', 'dotu'), dtype=np.float64) + assert f is g + assert f is h + + +def parametrize_blas(mod, func_name, prefixes): + if mod is None: + return pytest.mark.skip(reason="cblas not available") + params = [] + for prefix in prefixes: + if 'z' in prefix: + dtype = np.complex128 + elif 'c' in prefix: + dtype = np.complex64 + elif 'd' in prefix: + dtype = np.float64 + else: + assert 's' in prefix + dtype = np.float32 + + f = getattr(mod, prefix + func_name) + params.append(pytest.param(f, dtype, id=prefix + func_name)) + + return pytest.mark.parametrize("f,dtype", params) + + +class TestCBLAS1Simple: + @parametrize_blas(cblas, "axpy", "sdcz") + def test_axpy(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f([1, 2, 3], [2, -1, 3], a=5), + [7, 9, 18]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f([1, 2j, 3], [2, -1, 3], a=5), + [7, 10j-1, 18]) + + +class TestFBLAS1Simple: + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "axpy", "sdcz") + def test_axpy(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f([1, 2, 3], [2, -1, 3], a=5), + [7, 9, 18]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f([1, 2j, 3], [2, -1, 3], a=5), + [7, 10j-1, 18]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "copy", "sdcz") + def test_copy(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f([3, 4, 5], [8]*3), [3, 4, 5]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f([3, 4j, 5+3j], [8]*3), [3, 4j, 5+3j]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "asum", ["s", "d", "sc", "dz"]) + def test_asum(self, f, dtype): + assert_almost_equal(f([3, -4, 5]), 12) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_almost_equal(f([3j, -4, 3-4j]), 14) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "dot", "sd") + def test_dot(self, f, dtype): + assert_almost_equal(f([3, -4, 5], [2, 5, 1]), -9) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "dotu", "cz") + def test_dotu(self, f, dtype): + assert_almost_equal(f([3j, -4, 3-4j], [2, 3, 1]), -9+2j) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "dotc", "cz") + def test_dotc(self, f, dtype): + assert_almost_equal(f([3j, -4, 3-4j], [2, 3j, 1]), 3-14j) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "nrm2", ["s", "d", "sc", "dz"]) + def test_nrm2(self, f, dtype): + assert_almost_equal(f([3, -4, 5]), math.sqrt(50)) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_almost_equal(f([3j, -4, 3-4j]), math.sqrt(50)) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "scal", ["s", "d", "cs", "zd"]) + def test_scal(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(2, [3, -4, 5]), [6, -8, 10]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3, [3j, -4, 3-4j]), [9j, -12, 9-12j]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "swap", "sdcz") + def test_swap(self, f, dtype): + x, y = [2, 3, 1], [-2, 3, 7] + x1, y1 = f(x, y) + assert_array_almost_equal(x1, y) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, x) + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + x, y = [2, 3j, 1], [-2, 3, 7-3j] + x1, y1 = f(x, y) + assert_array_almost_equal(x1, y) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, x) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "amax", ["is", "id", "ic", "iz"]) + def test_amax(self, f, dtype): + assert_equal(f([-2, 4, 3]), 1) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_equal(f([-5, 4+3j, 6]), 1) + + # XXX: need tests for rot,rotm,rotg,rotmg + + +class TestFBLAS2Simple: + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "gemv", "sdcz") + def test_gemv(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3, [[3]], [-4]), [-36]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3, [[3]], [-4], 3, [5]), [-21]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3j, [[3-4j]], [-4]), [-48-36j]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3j, [[3-4j]], [-4], 3, [5j]), + [-48-21j]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "ger", "sd") + def test_ger(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(1, [1, 2], [3, 4]), [[3, 4], [6, 8]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(2, [1, 2, 3], [3, 4]), + [[6, 8], [12, 16], [18, 24]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(1, [1, 2], [3, 4], + a=[[1, 2], [3, 4]]), [[4, 6], [9, 12]]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f(1, [1j, 2], [3, 4]), + [[3j, 4j], [6, 8]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(2, [1j, 2j, 3j], [3j, 4j]), + [[6, 8], [12, 16], [18, 24]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "geru", "cz") + def test_geru(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(1, [1j, 2], [3, 4]), + [[3j, 4j], [6, 8]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(-2, [1j, 2j, 3j], [3j, 4j]), + [[6, 8], [12, 16], [18, 24]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "gerc", "cz") + def test_gerc(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(1, [1j, 2], [3, 4]), + [[3j, 4j], [6, 8]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(2, [1j, 2j, 3j], [3j, 4j]), + [[6, 8], [12, 16], [18, 24]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syr", "sdcz") + def test_syr(self, f, dtype): + x = np.arange(1, 5, dtype='d') + resx = np.triu(x[:, np.newaxis] * x) + resx_reverse = np.triu(x[::-1, np.newaxis] * x[::-1]) + y = np.linspace(0, 8.5, 17, endpoint=False) + z = np.arange(1, 9, dtype='d').view('D') + resz = np.triu(z[:, np.newaxis] * z) + resz_reverse = np.triu(z[::-1, np.newaxis] * z[::-1]) + w = np.c_[np.zeros(4), z, np.zeros(4)].ravel() + + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x), resx, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, lower=True), resx.T, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, y, incx=2, offx=2, n=4), resx, rtol=rtol) + # negative increments imply reversed vectors in blas + assert_allclose(f(1.0, y, incx=-2, offx=2, n=4), + resx_reverse, rtol=rtol) + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(f(1.0, z), resz, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, z, lower=True), resz.T, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, w, incx=3, offx=1, n=4), resz, rtol=rtol) + # negative increments imply reversed vectors in blas + assert_allclose(f(1.0, w, incx=-3, offx=1, n=4), + resz_reverse, rtol=rtol) + + a = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype, 'F') + b = f(1.0, z, a=a, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(a, resz, rtol=rtol) + b = f(2.0, z, a=a) + assert a is not b + assert_allclose(b, 3*resz, rtol=rtol) + + else: + a = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype, 'F') + b = f(1.0, x, a=a, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(a, resx, rtol=rtol) + b = f(2.0, x, a=a) + assert a is not b + assert_allclose(b, 3*resx, rtol=rtol) + + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, incx=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, offx=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, offx=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, n=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, n=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, lower=2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, a=np.zeros((2, 2), 'd', 'F')) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "her", "cz") + def test_her(self, f, dtype): + x = np.arange(1, 5, dtype='d') + z = np.arange(1, 9, dtype='d').view('D') + rehz = np.triu(z[:, np.newaxis] * z.conj()) + rehz_reverse = np.triu(z[::-1, np.newaxis] * z[::-1].conj()) + w = np.c_[np.zeros(4), z, np.zeros(4)].ravel() + + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, z), rehz, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, z, lower=True), rehz.T.conj(), rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, w, incx=3, offx=1, n=4), rehz, rtol=rtol) + # negative increments imply reversed vectors in blas + assert_allclose(f(1.0, w, incx=-3, offx=1, n=4), + rehz_reverse, rtol=rtol) + + a = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype, 'F') + b = f(1.0, z, a=a, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(a, rehz, rtol=rtol) + + b = f(2.0, z, a=a) + assert a is not b + assert_allclose(b, 3*rehz, rtol=rtol) + + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, incx=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, offx=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, offx=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, n=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, n=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, lower=2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, a=np.zeros((2, 2), 'd', 'F')) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syr2", "sd") + def test_syr2(self, f, dtype): + x = np.arange(1, 5, dtype='d') + y = np.arange(5, 9, dtype='d') + resxy = np.triu(x[:, np.newaxis] * y + y[:, np.newaxis] * x) + resxy_reverse = np.triu(x[::-1, np.newaxis] * y[::-1] + + y[::-1, np.newaxis] * x[::-1]) + + q = np.linspace(0, 8.5, 17, endpoint=False) + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y), resxy, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y, n=3), resxy[:3, :3], rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y, lower=True), resxy.T, rtol=rtol) + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, q, q, incx=2, offx=2, incy=2, offy=10), + resxy, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, q, q, incx=2, offx=2, incy=2, offy=10, n=3), + resxy[:3, :3], rtol=rtol) + # negative increments imply reversed vectors in blas + assert_allclose(f(1.0, q, q, incx=-2, offx=2, incy=-2, offy=10), + resxy_reverse, rtol=rtol) + + a = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype, 'F') + b = f(1.0, x, y, a=a, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(a, resxy, rtol=rtol) + + b = f(2.0, x, y, a=a) + assert a is not b + assert_allclose(b, 3*resxy, rtol=rtol) + + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, incx=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offx=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offx=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, incy=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offy=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offy=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, n=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, n=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, lower=2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, a=np.zeros((2, 2), 'd', 'F')) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "her2", "cz") + def test_her2(self, f, dtype): + x = np.arange(1, 9, dtype='d').view('D') + y = np.arange(9, 17, dtype='d').view('D') + resxy = x[:, np.newaxis] * y.conj() + y[:, np.newaxis] * x.conj() + resxy = np.triu(resxy) + + resxy_reverse = x[::-1, np.newaxis] * y[::-1].conj() + resxy_reverse += y[::-1, np.newaxis] * x[::-1].conj() + resxy_reverse = np.triu(resxy_reverse) + + u = np.c_[np.zeros(4), x, np.zeros(4)].ravel() + v = np.c_[np.zeros(4), y, np.zeros(4)].ravel() + + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y), resxy, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y, n=3), resxy[:3, :3], rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, x, y, lower=True), resxy.T.conj(), + rtol=rtol) + + assert_allclose(f(1.0, u, v, incx=3, offx=1, incy=3, offy=1), + resxy, rtol=rtol) + assert_allclose(f(1.0, u, v, incx=3, offx=1, incy=3, offy=1, n=3), + resxy[:3, :3], rtol=rtol) + # negative increments imply reversed vectors in blas + assert_allclose(f(1.0, u, v, incx=-3, offx=1, incy=-3, offy=1), + resxy_reverse, rtol=rtol) + + a = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype, 'F') + b = f(1.0, x, y, a=a, overwrite_a=True) + assert_allclose(a, resxy, rtol=rtol) + + b = f(2.0, x, y, a=a) + assert a is not b + assert_allclose(b, 3*resxy, rtol=rtol) + + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, incx=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offx=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offx=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, incy=0) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offy=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, offy=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, n=-2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, n=5) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, lower=2) + assert_raises(Exception, f, 1.0, x, y, + a=np.zeros((2, 2), 'd', 'F')) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_gbmv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 7 + m = 5 + kl = 1 + ku = 2 + # fake a banded matrix via toeplitz + A = toeplitz(append(rng.random(kl+1), zeros(m-kl-1)), + append(rng.random(ku+1), zeros(n-ku-1))) + A = A.astype(dtype) + Ab = zeros((kl+ku+1, n), dtype=dtype) + + # Form the banded storage + Ab[2, :5] = A[0, 0] # diag + Ab[1, 1:6] = A[0, 1] # sup1 + Ab[0, 2:7] = A[0, 2] # sup2 + Ab[3, :4] = A[1, 0] # sub1 + + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + y = rng.random(m).astype(dtype) + alpha, beta = dtype(3), dtype(-5) + + func, = get_blas_funcs(('gbmv',), dtype=dtype) + y1 = func(m=m, n=n, ku=ku, kl=kl, alpha=alpha, a=Ab, + x=x, y=y, beta=beta) + y2 = alpha * A.dot(x) + beta * y + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(m=m, n=n, ku=ku, kl=kl, alpha=alpha, a=Ab, + x=y, y=x, beta=beta, trans=1) + y2 = alpha * A.T.dot(y) + beta * x + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_sbmv_hbmv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 6 + k = 2 + A = zeros((n, n), dtype=dtype) + Ab = zeros((k+1, n), dtype=dtype) + + # Form the array and its packed banded storage + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = rng.random(n) + for ind2 in range(1, k+1): + temp = rng.random(n-ind2) + A[arange(n-ind2), arange(ind2, n)] = temp + Ab[-1-ind2, ind2:] = temp + A = A.astype(dtype) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A += A.conj().T + func, = get_blas_funcs(('hbmv',), dtype=dtype) + else: + A += A.T + func, = get_blas_funcs(('sbmv',), dtype=dtype) + + Ab[-1, :] = diag(A) + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + y = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + alpha, beta = dtype(1.25), dtype(3) + + y1 = func(k=k, alpha=alpha, a=Ab, x=x, y=y, beta=beta) + y2 = alpha * A.dot(x) + beta * y + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fname,dtype", [ + *[('spmv', dtype) for dtype in REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES], + *[('hpmv', dtype) for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES], + ]) + def test_spmv_hpmv(self, fname, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 3 + A = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A += rng.random((n, n))*1j + A += A.T if fname == 'spmv' else A.conj().T + c, r = tril_indices(n) + Ap = A[r, c] + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + y = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + xlong = arange(2*n).astype(dtype) + ylong = ones(2*n).astype(dtype) + alpha, beta = dtype(1.25), dtype(2) + + func, = get_blas_funcs((fname,), dtype=dtype) + y1 = func(n=n, alpha=alpha, ap=Ap, x=x, y=y, beta=beta) + y2 = alpha * A.dot(x) + beta * y + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + # Test inc and offsets + y1 = func(n=n-1, alpha=alpha, beta=beta, x=xlong, y=ylong, ap=Ap, + incx=2, incy=2, offx=n, offy=n) + y2 = (alpha * A[:-1, :-1]).dot(xlong[3::2]) + beta * ylong[3::2] + assert_array_almost_equal(y1[3::2], y2) + assert_almost_equal(y1[4], ylong[4]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("fname,dtype", [ + *[('spr', dtype) for dtype in REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES], + *[('hpr', dtype) for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES], + ]) + def test_spr_hpr(self, fname, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 3 + A = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A += rng.random((n, n))*1j + A += A.T if fname == 'spr' else A.conj().T + c, r = tril_indices(n) + Ap = A[r, c] + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + + alpha = np.finfo(dtype).dtype.type(2.5) + if fname == 'hpr': + func, = get_blas_funcs(('hpr',), dtype=dtype) + y2 = alpha * x[:, None].dot(x[None, :].conj()) + A + else: + func, = get_blas_funcs(('spr',), dtype=dtype) + y2 = alpha * x[:, None].dot(x[None, :]) + A + + y1 = func(n=n, alpha=alpha, ap=Ap, x=x) + y1f = zeros((3, 3), dtype=dtype) + y1f[r, c] = y1 + y1f[c, r] = y1.conj() if fname == 'hpr' else y1 + assert_array_almost_equal(y1f, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_spr2_hpr2(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 3 + A = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A += rng.random((n, n))*1j + A += A.conj().T + func, = get_blas_funcs(('hpr2',), dtype=dtype) + else: + A += A.T + func, = get_blas_funcs(('spr2',), dtype=dtype) + + c, r = tril_indices(n) + Ap = A[r, c] + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + y = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + alpha = dtype(2) + + u = alpha.conj() * x[:, None].dot(y[None, :].conj()) + y2 = A + u + u.conj().T + y1 = func(n=n, alpha=alpha, x=x, y=y, ap=Ap) + y1f = zeros((3, 3), dtype=dtype) + y1f[r, c] = y1 + y1f[[1, 2, 2], [0, 0, 1]] = y1[[1, 3, 4]].conj() + assert_array_almost_equal(y1f, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_tbmv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 10 + k = 3 + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + A = zeros((n, n), dtype=dtype) + # Banded upper triangular array + for sup in range(k+1): + A[arange(n-sup), arange(sup, n)] = rng.random(n-sup) + + # Add complex parts for c,z + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A[nonzero(A)] += 1j * rng.random((k+1)*n-(k*(k+1)//2)).astype(dtype) + + # Form the banded storage + Ab = zeros((k+1, n), dtype=dtype) + for row in range(k+1): + Ab[-row-1, row:] = diag(A, k=row) + func, = get_blas_funcs(('tbmv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x) + y2 = A.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = A.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = A.T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = A.conj().T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_tbsv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(12345) + n = 6 + k = 3 + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + A = zeros((n, n), dtype=dtype) + # Banded upper triangular array + for sup in range(k+1): + A[arange(n-sup), arange(sup, n)] = rng.random(n-sup) + + # Add complex parts for c,z + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A[nonzero(A)] += 1j * rng.random((k+1)*n-(k*(k+1)//2)).astype(dtype) + + # Form the banded storage + Ab = zeros((k+1, n), dtype=dtype) + for row in range(k+1): + Ab[-row-1, row:] = diag(A, k=row) + func, = get_blas_funcs(('tbsv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x) + y2 = solve(A, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = solve(A, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = solve(A.T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(k=k, a=Ab, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = solve(A.conj().T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_tpmv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 10 + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + # Upper triangular array + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A = triu(rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j) + else: + A = triu(rng.random((n, n))) + + # Form the packed storage + c, r = tril_indices(n) + Ap = A[r, c] + func, = get_blas_funcs(('tpmv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x) + y2 = A.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = A.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = A.T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = A.conj().T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_tpsv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 10 + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + # Upper triangular array + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A = triu(rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j) + else: + A = triu(rng.random((n, n))) + A += eye(n) + # Form the packed storage + c, r = tril_indices(n) + Ap = A[r, c] + func, = get_blas_funcs(('tpsv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x) + y2 = solve(A, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = solve(A, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = solve(A.T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(n=n, ap=Ap, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = solve(A.conj().T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_trmv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 3 + A = (rng.random((n, n))+eye(n)).astype(dtype) + x = rng.random(3).astype(dtype) + func, = get_blas_funcs(('trmv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x) + y2 = triu(A).dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = triu(A).dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = triu(A).T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = triu(A).conj().T.dot(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_trsv(self, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + n = 15 + A = (rng.random((n, n))+eye(n)).astype(dtype) + x = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + func, = get_blas_funcs(('trsv',), dtype=dtype) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x) + y2 = solve(triu(A), x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, lower=1) + y2 = solve(tril(A), x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1) + A[arange(n), arange(n)] = dtype(1) + y2 = solve(triu(A), x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1, trans=1) + y2 = solve(triu(A).T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + y1 = func(a=A, x=x, diag=1, trans=2) + y2 = solve(triu(A).conj().T, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + +class TestFBLAS3Simple: + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "gemm", "sdcz") + def test_gemm(self, f, dtype): + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3, [3], [-4]), [[-36]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3, [3], [-4], 3, [5]), [-21]) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3j, [3-4j], [-4]), [[-48-36j]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(f(3j, [3-4j], [-4], 3, [5j]), [-48-21j]) + + +class TestBLAS3Symm: + + def setup_method(self): + self.a = np.array([[1., 2.], + [0., 1.]]) + self.b = np.array([[1., 0., 3.], + [0., -1., 2.]]) + self.c = np.ones((2, 3)) + self.t = np.array([[2., -1., 8.], + [3., 0., 9.]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "symm", "sdcz") + def test_symm(self, f, dtype): + res = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, c=self.c, alpha=1., beta=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(res, self.t) + + res = f(a=self.a.T, b=self.b, lower=1, c=self.c, alpha=1., beta=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(res, self.t) + + res = f(a=self.a, b=self.b.T, side=1, c=self.c.T, + alpha=1., beta=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(res, self.t.T) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "symm", "sdcz") + def test_symm_wrong_side(self, f, dtype): + """`side=1` means C <- B*A, hence shapes of A and B are to be + compatible. Otherwise, f2py exception is raised. + """ + # FIXME narrow down to _fblas.error + with pytest.raises(Exception): + f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1, side=1) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "symm", "sdcz") + def test_symm_wrong_uplo(self, f, dtype): + """SYMM only considers the upper/lower part of A. Hence setting + wrong value for `lower` (default is lower=0, meaning upper triangle) + gives a wrong result. + """ + res = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, c=self.c, alpha=1., beta=1.) + assert np.allclose(res, self.t) + res = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, lower=1, c=self.c, alpha=1., beta=1.) + assert not np.allclose(res, self.t) + + +class TestBLAS3Syrk: + def setup_method(self): + self.a = np.array([[1., 0.], + [0., -2.], + [2., 3.]]) + self.t = np.array([[1., 0., 2.], + [0., 4., -6.], + [2., -6., 13.]]) + self.tt = np.array([[5., 6.], + [6., 13.]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syrk", "sdcz") + def test_syrk(self, f, dtype): + c = f(a=self.a, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.t)) + + c = f(a=self.a, alpha=1., lower=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.tril(c), np.tril(self.t)) + + c0 = np.ones(self.t.shape) + c = f(a=self.a, alpha=1., beta=1., c=c0) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.t+c0)) + + c = f(a=self.a, alpha=1., trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.tt)) + + # prints '0-th dimension must be fixed to 3 but got 5', + # FIXME: suppress? + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syrk", "sdcz") + def test_syrk_wrong_c(self, f, dtype): + # FIXME narrow down to _fblas.error + with pytest.raises(Exception): + f(a=self.a, alpha=1., c=np.ones((5, 8))) + # if C is supplied, it must have compatible dimensions + + +class TestBLAS3Syr2k: + def setup_method(self): + self.a = np.array([[1., 0.], + [0., -2.], + [2., 3.]]) + self.b = np.array([[0., 1.], + [1., 0.], + [0, 1.]]) + self.t = np.array([[0., -1., 3.], + [-1., 0., 0.], + [3., 0., 6.]]) + self.tt = np.array([[0., 1.], + [1., 6]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syr2k", "sdcz") + def test_syr2k(self, f, dtype): + c = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.t)) + + c = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1., lower=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.tril(c), np.tril(self.t)) + + c0 = np.ones(self.t.shape) + c = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1., beta=1., c=c0) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.t+c0)) + + c = f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1., trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(c), np.triu(self.tt)) + + # prints '0-th dimension must be fixed to 3 but got 5', FIXME: suppress? + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syr2k", "sdcz") + def test_syr2k_wrong_c(self, f, dtype): + with pytest.raises(Exception): + f(a=self.a, b=self.b, alpha=1., c=np.zeros((15, 8))) + # if C is supplied, it must have compatible dimensions + + +class TestSyHe: + """Quick and simple tests for (zc)-symm, syrk, syr2k.""" + + def setup_method(self): + self.sigma_y = np.array([[0., -1.j], + [1.j, 0.]]) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "symm", "zc") + def test_symm(self, f, dtype): + # NB: a is symmetric w/upper diag of ONLY + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, b=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), np.diag([1, -1])) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "hemm", "zc") + def test_hemm(self, f, dtype): + # NB: a is hermitian w/upper diag of ONLY + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, b=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), np.diag([1, 1])) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syrk", "zc") + def test_syrk(self, f, dtype): + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), np.diag([-1, -1])) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "herk", "zc") + def test_herk(self, f, dtype): + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), np.diag([1, 1])) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "syr2k", "zc") + def test_syr2k_zr(self, f, dtype): + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, b=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), 2.*np.diag([-1, -1])) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "her2k", "zc") + def test_her2k_zr(self, f, dtype): + res = f(a=self.sigma_y, b=self.sigma_y, alpha=1.) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.triu(res), 2.*np.diag([1, 1])) + + +class TestTRMM: + """Quick and simple tests for *trmm.""" + + def setup_method(self): + self.a = np.array([[1., 2., ], + [-2., 1.]]) + self.b = np.array([[3., 4., -1.], + [5., 6., -2.]]) + + self.a2 = np.array([[1, 1, 2, 3], + [0, 1, 4, 5], + [0, 0, 1, 6], + [0, 0, 0, 1]], order="f") + self.b2 = np.array([[1, 4], [2, 5], [3, 6], [7, 8], [9, 10]], + order="f") + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) + def test_side(self, dtype): + trmm = get_blas_funcs("trmm", dtype=dtype) + # Provide large A array that works for side=1 but not 0 (see gh-10841) + assert_raises(Exception, trmm, 1.0, self.a2, self.b2) + res = trmm(1.0, self.a2.astype(dtype), self.b2.astype(dtype), + side=1) + k = self.b2.shape[1] + assert_allclose(res, self.b2 @ self.a2[:k, :k], rtol=0., + atol=100*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "trmm", "sdcz") + def test_ab(self, f, dtype): + result = f(1., self.a, self.b) + # default a is upper triangular + expected = np.array([[13., 16., -5.], + [ 5., 6., -2.]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(result, expected) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "trmm", "sdcz") + def test_ab_lower(self, f, dtype): + result = f(1., self.a, self.b, lower=True) + expected = np.array([[ 3., 4., -1.], + [-1., -2., 0.]]) # now a is lower triangular + assert_array_almost_equal(result, expected) + + @parametrize_blas(fblas, "trmm", "sdcz") + def test_b_overwrites(self, f, dtype): + # BLAS *trmm modifies B argument in-place. + # Here the default is to copy, but this can be overridden + b = self.b.astype(dtype) + for overwr in [True, False]: + bcopy = b.copy() + result = f(1., self.a, bcopy, overwrite_b=overwr) + # C-contiguous arrays are copied + assert not bcopy.flags.f_contiguous + assert not np.may_share_memory(bcopy, result) + assert_equal(bcopy, b) + + bcopy = np.asfortranarray(b.copy()) # or just transpose it + result = f(1., self.a, bcopy, overwrite_b=True) + assert bcopy.flags.f_contiguous + assert np.may_share_memory(bcopy, result) + assert_array_almost_equal(bcopy, result) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) +def test_trsm(dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + tol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*1000 + func, = get_blas_funcs(('trsm',), dtype=dtype) + + # Test protection against size mismatches + A = rng.random((4, 5)).astype(dtype) + B = rng.random((4, 4)).astype(dtype) + alpha = dtype(1) + assert_raises(Exception, func, alpha, A, B) + assert_raises(Exception, func, alpha, A.T, B) + + n = 8 + m = 7 + alpha = dtype(-2.5) + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A = (rng.random((m, m)) + rng.random((m, m))*1j) + eye(m) + else: + A = rng.random((m, m)) + eye(m) + A = A.astype(dtype) + Au = triu(A) + Al = tril(A) + B1 = rng.random((m, n)).astype(dtype) + B2 = rng.random((n, m)).astype(dtype) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B1) + assert_equal(B1.shape, x1.shape) + x2 = solve(Au, alpha*B1) + assert_allclose(x1, x2, atol=tol) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B1, trans_a=1) + x2 = solve(Au.T, alpha*B1) + assert_allclose(x1, x2, atol=tol) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B1, trans_a=2) + x2 = solve(Au.conj().T, alpha*B1) + assert_allclose(x1, x2, atol=tol) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B1, diag=1) + Au[arange(m), arange(m)] = dtype(1) + x2 = solve(Au, alpha*B1) + assert_allclose(x1, x2, atol=tol) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B2, diag=1, side=1) + x2 = solve(Au.conj().T, alpha*B2.conj().T) + assert_allclose(x1, x2.conj().T, atol=tol) + + x1 = func(alpha=alpha, a=A, b=B2, diag=1, side=1, lower=1) + Al[arange(m), arange(m)] = dtype(1) + x2 = solve(Al.conj().T, alpha*B2.conj().T) + assert_allclose(x1, x2.conj().T, atol=tol) + + +@pytest.mark.xfail(run=False, + reason="gh-16930") +def test_gh_169309(): + x = np.repeat(10, 9) + actual = scipy.linalg.blas.dnrm2(x, 5, 3, -1) + expected = math.sqrt(500) + assert_allclose(actual, expected) + + +def test_dnrm2_neg_incx(): + # check that dnrm2(..., incx < 0) raises + # XXX: remove the test after the lowest supported BLAS implements + # negative incx (new in LAPACK 3.10) + x = np.repeat(10, 9) + incx = -1 + with assert_raises(fblas.__fblas_error): + scipy.linalg.blas.dnrm2(x, 5, 3, incx) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_blas.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_blas.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..284e214d38ed331cf0493d1e3bba6e1214939b2c --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_blas.py @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_allclose, + assert_equal) +import scipy.linalg.cython_blas as blas + +class TestDGEMM: + + def test_transposes(self): + + a = np.arange(12, dtype='d').reshape((3, 4))[:2,:2] + b = np.arange(1, 13, dtype='d').reshape((4, 3))[:2,:2] + c = np.empty((2, 4))[:2,:2] + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a, b, 0., c) + assert_allclose(c, a.dot(b)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a.T, b, 0., c) + assert_allclose(c, a.T.dot(b)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a, b.T, 0., c) + assert_allclose(c, a.dot(b.T)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a.T, b.T, 0., c) + assert_allclose(c, a.T.dot(b.T)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a, b, 0., c.T) + assert_allclose(c, a.dot(b).T) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a.T, b, 0., c.T) + assert_allclose(c, a.T.dot(b).T) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a, b.T, 0., c.T) + assert_allclose(c, a.dot(b.T).T) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a.T, b.T, 0., c.T) + assert_allclose(c, a.T.dot(b.T).T) + + def test_shapes(self): + a = np.arange(6, dtype='d').reshape((3, 2)) + b = np.arange(-6, 2, dtype='d').reshape((2, 4)) + c = np.empty((3, 4)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., a, b, 0., c) + assert_allclose(c, a.dot(b)) + + blas._test_dgemm(1., b.T, a.T, 0., c.T) + assert_allclose(c, b.T.dot(a.T).T) + +class TestWfuncPointers: + """ Test the function pointers that are expected to fail on + Mac OS X without the additional entry statement in their definitions + in fblas_l1.pyf.src. """ + + def test_complex_args(self): + + cx = np.array([.5 + 1.j, .25 - .375j, 12.5 - 4.j], np.complex64) + cy = np.array([.8 + 2.j, .875 - .625j, -1. + 2.j], np.complex64) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_cdotc(cx, cy), + -17.6468753815+21.3718757629j) + assert_allclose(blas._test_cdotu(cx, cy), + -6.11562538147+30.3156242371j) + + assert_equal(blas._test_icamax(cx), 3) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_scasum(cx), 18.625) + assert_allclose(blas._test_scnrm2(cx), 13.1796483994) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_cdotc(cx[::2], cy[::2]), + -18.1000003815+21.2000007629j) + assert_allclose(blas._test_cdotu(cx[::2], cy[::2]), + -6.10000038147+30.7999992371j) + assert_allclose(blas._test_scasum(cx[::2]), 18.) + assert_allclose(blas._test_scnrm2(cx[::2]), 13.1719398499) + + def test_double_args(self): + + x = np.array([5., -3, -.5], np.float64) + y = np.array([2, 1, .5], np.float64) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_dasum(x), 8.5) + assert_allclose(blas._test_ddot(x, y), 6.75) + assert_allclose(blas._test_dnrm2(x), 5.85234975815) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_dasum(x[::2]), 5.5) + assert_allclose(blas._test_ddot(x[::2], y[::2]), 9.75) + assert_allclose(blas._test_dnrm2(x[::2]), 5.0249376297) + + assert_equal(blas._test_idamax(x), 1) + + def test_float_args(self): + + x = np.array([5., -3, -.5], np.float32) + y = np.array([2, 1, .5], np.float32) + + assert_equal(blas._test_isamax(x), 1) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_sasum(x), 8.5) + assert_allclose(blas._test_sdot(x, y), 6.75) + assert_allclose(blas._test_snrm2(x), 5.85234975815) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_sasum(x[::2]), 5.5) + assert_allclose(blas._test_sdot(x[::2], y[::2]), 9.75) + assert_allclose(blas._test_snrm2(x[::2]), 5.0249376297) + + def test_double_complex_args(self): + + cx = np.array([.5 + 1.j, .25 - .375j, 13. - 4.j], np.complex128) + cy = np.array([.875 + 2.j, .875 - .625j, -1. + 2.j], np.complex128) + + assert_equal(blas._test_izamax(cx), 3) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_zdotc(cx, cy), -18.109375+22.296875j) + assert_allclose(blas._test_zdotu(cx, cy), -6.578125+31.390625j) + + assert_allclose(blas._test_zdotc(cx[::2], cy[::2]), -18.5625+22.125j) + assert_allclose(blas._test_zdotu(cx[::2], cy[::2]), -6.5625+31.875j) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_lapack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_lapack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2a4e7b34b62042efdb0ce0f8ee61ce0189320995 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cython_lapack.py @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose +from scipy.linalg import cython_lapack as cython_lapack +from scipy.linalg import lapack + + +class TestLamch: + + def test_slamch(self): + for c in [b'e', b's', b'b', b'p', b'n', b'r', b'm', b'u', b'l', b'o']: + assert_allclose(cython_lapack._test_slamch(c), + lapack.slamch(c)) + + def test_dlamch(self): + for c in [b'e', b's', b'b', b'p', b'n', b'r', b'm', b'u', b'l', b'o']: + assert_allclose(cython_lapack._test_dlamch(c), + lapack.dlamch(c)) + + def test_complex_ladiv(self): + cx = .5 + 1.j + cy = .875 + 2.j + assert_allclose(cython_lapack._test_zladiv(cy, cx), 1.95+0.1j) + assert_allclose(cython_lapack._test_cladiv(cy, cx), 1.95+0.1j) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cythonized_array_utils.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cythonized_array_utils.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d7bbefe345fefba0e610b16c06ca1b43ce104bf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_cythonized_array_utils.py @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import bandwidth, issymmetric, ishermitian +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg +import pytest +from pytest import raises + + +@skip_xp_invalid_arg +def test_bandwidth_dtypes(): + n = 5 + for t in np.typecodes['All']: + A = np.zeros([n, n], dtype=t) + if t in 'eUVOMm': + raises(TypeError, bandwidth, A) + elif t == 'G': # No-op test. On win these pass on others fail. + pass + else: + _ = bandwidth(A) + + +def test_bandwidth_non2d_input(): + A = np.array([1, 2, 3]) + raises(ValueError, bandwidth, A) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('T', [x for x in np.typecodes['All'] + if x not in 'eGUVOMmS']) +def test_bandwidth_square_inputs(T): + n = 20 + k = 4 + R = np.zeros([n, n], dtype=T, order='F') + # form a banded matrix inplace + R[[x for x in range(n)], [x for x in range(n)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(n-k)], [x for x in range(k, n)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(1, n)], [x for x in range(n-1)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(k, n)], [x for x in range(n-k)]] = 1 + assert bandwidth(R) == (k, k) + A = np.array([ + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0], + ]) + assert bandwidth(A) == (2, 2) + + +@skip_xp_invalid_arg +@pytest.mark.parametrize('T', [x for x in np.typecodes['All'] + if x not in 'eGUVOMm']) +def test_bandwidth_rect_inputs(T): + n, m = 10, 20 + k = 5 + R = np.zeros([n, m], dtype=T, order='F') + # form a banded matrix inplace + R[[x for x in range(n)], [x for x in range(n)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(n-k)], [x for x in range(k, n)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(1, n)], [x for x in range(n-1)]] = 1 + R[[x for x in range(k, n)], [x for x in range(n-k)]] = 1 + assert bandwidth(R) == (k, k) + + +@skip_xp_invalid_arg +def test_issymetric_ishermitian_dtypes(): + n = 5 + for t in np.typecodes['All']: + A = np.zeros([n, n], dtype=t) + if t in 'eUVOMm': + raises(TypeError, issymmetric, A) + raises(TypeError, ishermitian, A) + elif t == 'G': # No-op test. On win these pass on others fail. + pass + else: + assert issymmetric(A) + assert ishermitian(A) + + +def test_issymmetric_ishermitian_invalid_input(): + A = np.array([1, 2, 3]) + raises(ValueError, issymmetric, A) + raises(ValueError, ishermitian, A) + A = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]]) + raises(ValueError, issymmetric, A) + raises(ValueError, ishermitian, A) + A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) + raises(ValueError, issymmetric, A) + raises(ValueError, ishermitian, A) + + +def test_issymetric_complex_decimals(): + A = np.arange(1, 10).astype(complex).reshape(3, 3) + A += np.arange(-4, 5).astype(complex).reshape(3, 3)*1j + # make entries decimal + A /= np.pi + A = A + A.T + assert issymmetric(A) + + +def test_ishermitian_complex_decimals(): + A = np.arange(1, 10).astype(complex).reshape(3, 3) + A += np.arange(-4, 5).astype(complex).reshape(3, 3)*1j + # make entries decimal + A /= np.pi + A = A + A.T.conj() + assert ishermitian(A) + + +def test_issymmetric_approximate_results(): + n = 20 + rng = np.random.RandomState(123456789) + x = rng.uniform(high=5., size=[n, n]) + y = x @ x.T # symmetric + p = rng.standard_normal([n, n]) + z = p @ y @ p.T + assert issymmetric(z, atol=1e-10) + assert issymmetric(z, atol=1e-10, rtol=0.) + assert issymmetric(z, atol=0., rtol=1e-12) + assert issymmetric(z, atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-12) + + +def test_ishermitian_approximate_results(): + n = 20 + rng = np.random.RandomState(987654321) + x = rng.uniform(high=5., size=[n, n]) + y = x @ x.T # symmetric + p = rng.standard_normal([n, n]) + rng.standard_normal([n, n])*1j + z = p @ y @ p.conj().T + assert ishermitian(z, atol=1e-10) + assert ishermitian(z, atol=1e-10, rtol=0.) + assert ishermitian(z, atol=0., rtol=1e-12) + assert ishermitian(z, atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-12) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31080a6d1c1520d4fce7c09f866418fa4adb236b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp.py @@ -0,0 +1,3189 @@ +import itertools +import platform +import sys +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_almost_equal, + assert_array_almost_equal, assert_array_equal, + assert_, assert_allclose) + +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.linalg import (eig, eigvals, lu, svd, svdvals, cholesky, qr, + schur, rsf2csf, lu_solve, lu_factor, solve, diagsvd, + hessenberg, rq, eig_banded, eigvals_banded, eigh, + eigvalsh, qr_multiply, qz, orth, ordqz, + subspace_angles, hadamard, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, + eigh_tridiagonal, null_space, cdf2rdf, LinAlgError) + +from scipy.linalg.lapack import (dgbtrf, dgbtrs, zgbtrf, zgbtrs, dsbev, + dsbevd, dsbevx, zhbevd, zhbevx) + +from scipy.linalg._misc import norm +from scipy.linalg._decomp_qz import _select_function +from scipy.stats import ortho_group + +from numpy import (array, diag, full, linalg, argsort, zeros, arange, + float32, complex64, ravel, sqrt, iscomplex, shape, sort, + sign, asarray, isfinite, ndarray, eye,) + +from scipy.linalg._testutils import assert_no_overwrite +from scipy.sparse._sputils import matrix + +from scipy._lib._testutils import check_free_memory +from scipy.linalg.blas import HAS_ILP64 +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg +from scipy.__config__ import CONFIG + +IS_WASM = (sys.platform == "emscripten" or platform.machine() in ["wasm32", "wasm64"]) + + +def _random_hermitian_matrix(n, posdef=False, dtype=float): + "Generate random sym/hermitian array of the given size n" + # FIXME non-deterministic rng + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A = np.random.rand(n, n) + np.random.rand(n, n)*1.0j + A = (A + A.conj().T)/2 + else: + A = np.random.rand(n, n) + A = (A + A.T)/2 + + if posdef: + A += sqrt(2*n)*np.eye(n) + + return A.astype(dtype) + + +REAL_DTYPES = [np.float32, np.float64] +COMPLEX_DTYPES = [np.complex64, np.complex128] +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +# XXX: This function should not be defined here, but somewhere in +# scipy.linalg namespace +def symrand(dim_or_eigv, rng): + """Return a random symmetric (Hermitian) matrix. + + If 'dim_or_eigv' is an integer N, return a NxN matrix, with eigenvalues + uniformly distributed on (-1,1). + + If 'dim_or_eigv' is 1-D real array 'a', return a matrix whose + eigenvalues are 'a'. + """ + if isinstance(dim_or_eigv, int): + dim = dim_or_eigv + d = rng.random(dim)*2 - 1 + elif (isinstance(dim_or_eigv, ndarray) and + len(dim_or_eigv.shape) == 1): + dim = dim_or_eigv.shape[0] + d = dim_or_eigv + else: + raise TypeError("input type not supported.") + + v = ortho_group.rvs(dim) + h = v.T.conj() @ diag(d) @ v + # to avoid roundoff errors, symmetrize the matrix (again) + h = 0.5*(h.T+h) + return h + + +class TestEigVals: + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + w = eigvals(a) + exact_w = [(9+sqrt(93))/2, 0, (9-sqrt(93))/2] + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + + def test_simple_tr(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]], 'd').T + a = a.copy() + a = a.T + w = eigvals(a) + exact_w = [(9+sqrt(93))/2, 0, (9-sqrt(93))/2] + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6+1j]] + w = eigvals(a) + exact_w = [(9+1j+sqrt(92+6j))/2, + 0, + (9+1j-sqrt(92+6j))/2] + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + + def test_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + w = eigvals(a, check_finite=False) + exact_w = [(9+sqrt(93))/2, 0, (9-sqrt(93))/2] + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, float32, complex, complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + w = eigvals(a) + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == eigvals(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + w = eigvals(a, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + assert w.shape == (2, 0) + assert w.dtype == eigvals(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + +class TestEig: + + def test_simple(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]]) + w, v = eig(a) + exact_w = [(9+sqrt(93))/2, 0, (9-sqrt(93))/2] + v0 = array([1, 1, (1+sqrt(93)/3)/2]) + v1 = array([3., 0, -1]) + v2 = array([1, 1, (1-sqrt(93)/3)/2]) + v0 = v0 / norm(v0) + v1 = v1 / norm(v1) + v2 = v2 / norm(v2) + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + assert_array_almost_equal(v0, v[:, 0]*sign(v[0, 0])) + assert_array_almost_equal(v1, v[:, 1]*sign(v[0, 1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(v2, v[:, 2]*sign(v[0, 2])) + for i in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(a @ v[:, i], w[i]*v[:, i]) + w, v = eig(a, left=1, right=0) + for i in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(a.T @ v[:, i], w[i]*v[:, i]) + + def test_simple_complex_eig(self): + a = array([[1, 2], [-2, 1]]) + w, vl, vr = eig(a, left=1, right=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(w, array([1+2j, 1-2j])) + for i in range(2): + assert_array_almost_equal(a @ vr[:, i], w[i]*vr[:, i]) + for i in range(2): + assert_array_almost_equal(a.conj().T @ vl[:, i], + w[i].conj()*vl[:, i]) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6+1j]]) + w, vl, vr = eig(a, left=1, right=1) + for i in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(a @ vr[:, i], w[i]*vr[:, i]) + for i in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(a.conj().T @ vl[:, i], + w[i].conj()*vl[:, i]) + + def test_gh_3054(self): + a = [[1]] + b = [[0]] + w, vr = eig(a, b, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + assert_allclose(w[1, 0], 0) + assert_(w[0, 0] != 0) + assert_allclose(vr, 1) + + w, vr = eig(a, b) + assert_equal(w, np.inf) + assert_allclose(vr, 1) + + def _check_gen_eig(self, A, B, atol_homog=1e-13, rtol_homog=1e-13, + atol=1e-13, rtol=1e-13): + if B is not None: + A, B = asarray(A), asarray(B) + B0 = B + else: + A = asarray(A) + B0 = B + B = np.eye(*A.shape) + msg = f"\n{A!r}\n{B!r}" + + # Eigenvalues in homogeneous coordinates + w, vr = eig(A, B0, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + wt = eigvals(A, B0, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + val1 = A @ vr * w[1, :] + val2 = B @ vr * w[0, :] + for i in range(val1.shape[1]): + assert_allclose(val1[:, i], val2[:, i], + rtol=rtol_homog, atol=atol_homog, err_msg=msg) + + if B0 is None: + assert_allclose(w[1, :], 1) + assert_allclose(wt[1, :], 1) + + perm = np.lexsort(w) + permt = np.lexsort(wt) + assert_allclose(w[:, perm], wt[:, permt], atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, + err_msg=msg) + + length = np.empty(len(vr)) + + for i in range(len(vr)): + length[i] = norm(vr[:, i]) + + assert_allclose(length, np.ones(length.size), err_msg=msg, + atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7) + + # Convert homogeneous coordinates + beta_nonzero = (w[1, :] != 0) + wh = w[0, beta_nonzero] / w[1, beta_nonzero] + + # Eigenvalues in standard coordinates + w, vr = eig(A, B0) + wt = eigvals(A, B0) + val1 = A @ vr + val2 = B @ vr * w + res = val1 - val2 + for i in range(res.shape[1]): + if np.all(isfinite(res[:, i])): + assert_allclose(res[:, i], 0, + rtol=rtol, atol=atol, err_msg=msg) + + # try to consistently order eigenvalues, including complex conjugate pairs + w_fin = w[isfinite(w)] + wt_fin = wt[isfinite(wt)] + + # prune noise in the real parts + w_fin = -1j * np.real_if_close(1j*w_fin, tol=1e-10) + wt_fin = -1j * np.real_if_close(1j*wt_fin, tol=1e-10) + + perm = argsort(abs(w_fin) + w_fin.imag) + permt = argsort(abs(wt_fin) + wt_fin.imag) + + assert_allclose(w_fin[perm], wt_fin[permt], + atol=1e-7, rtol=1e-7, err_msg=msg) + + length = np.empty(len(vr)) + for i in range(len(vr)): + length[i] = norm(vr[:, i]) + assert_allclose(length, np.ones(length.size), err_msg=msg) + + # Compare homogeneous and nonhomogeneous versions + assert_allclose(sort(wh), sort(w[np.isfinite(w)])) + + def test_singular(self): + # Example taken from + # https://web.archive.org/web/20040903121217/http://www.cs.umu.se/research/nla/singular_pairs/guptri/matlab.html + A = array([[22, 34, 31, 31, 17], + [45, 45, 42, 19, 29], + [39, 47, 49, 26, 34], + [27, 31, 26, 21, 15], + [38, 44, 44, 24, 30]]) + B = array([[13, 26, 25, 17, 24], + [31, 46, 40, 26, 37], + [26, 40, 19, 25, 25], + [16, 25, 27, 14, 23], + [24, 35, 18, 21, 22]]) + + with np.errstate(all='ignore'): + self._check_gen_eig(A, B, atol_homog=5e-13, atol=5e-13) + + def test_falker(self): + # Test matrices giving some Nan generalized eigenvalues. + M = diag(array([1, 0, 3])) + K = array(([2, -1, -1], [-1, 2, -1], [-1, -1, 2])) + D = array(([1, -1, 0], [-1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0])) + Z = zeros((3, 3)) + I3 = eye(3) + A = np.block([[I3, Z], [Z, -K]]) + B = np.block([[Z, I3], [M, D]]) + + with np.errstate(all='ignore'): + self._check_gen_eig(A, B) + + def test_bad_geneig(self): + # Ticket #709 (strange return values from DGGEV) + + def matrices(omega): + c1 = -9 + omega**2 + c2 = 2*omega + A = [[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 0, c1, 0], + [0, 0, 0, c1]] + B = [[0, 0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1], + [1, 0, 0, -c2], + [0, 1, c2, 0]] + return A, B + + # With a buggy LAPACK, this can fail for different omega on different + # machines -- so we need to test several values + with np.errstate(all='ignore'): + for k in range(100): + A, B = matrices(omega=k*5./100) + self._check_gen_eig(A, B) + + def test_make_eigvals(self): + # Step through all paths in _make_eigvals + # Real eigenvalues + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + A = symrand(3, rng) + self._check_gen_eig(A, None) + B = symrand(3, rng) + self._check_gen_eig(A, B) + # Complex eigenvalues + A = rng.random((3, 3)) + 1j*rng.random((3, 3)) + self._check_gen_eig(A, None) + B = rng.random((3, 3)) + 1j*rng.random((3, 3)) + self._check_gen_eig(A, B) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + w, v = eig(a, check_finite=False) + exact_w = [(9+sqrt(93))/2, 0, (9-sqrt(93))/2] + v0 = array([1, 1, (1+sqrt(93)/3)/2]) + v1 = array([3., 0, -1]) + v2 = array([1, 1, (1-sqrt(93)/3)/2]) + v0 = v0 / norm(v0) + v1 = v1 / norm(v1) + v2 = v2 / norm(v2) + assert_array_almost_equal(w, exact_w) + assert_array_almost_equal(v0, v[:, 0]*sign(v[0, 0])) + assert_array_almost_equal(v1, v[:, 1]*sign(v[0, 1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(v2, v[:, 2]*sign(v[0, 2])) + for i in range(3): + assert_array_almost_equal(a @ v[:, i], w[i]*v[:, i]) + + def test_not_square_error(self): + """Check that passing a non-square array raises a ValueError.""" + A = np.arange(6).reshape(3, 2) + assert_raises(ValueError, eig, A) + + def test_shape_mismatch(self): + """Check that passing arrays of with different shapes + raises a ValueError.""" + A = eye(2) + B = np.arange(9.0).reshape(3, 3) + assert_raises(ValueError, eig, A, B) + assert_raises(ValueError, eig, B, A) + + def test_gh_11577(self): + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/11577 + # `A - lambda B` should have 4 and 8 among the eigenvalues, and this + # was apparently broken on some platforms + A = np.array([[12.0, 28.0, 76.0, 220.0], + [16.0, 32.0, 80.0, 224.0], + [24.0, 40.0, 88.0, 232.0], + [40.0, 56.0, 104.0, 248.0]], dtype='float64') + B = np.array([[2.0, 4.0, 10.0, 28.0], + [3.0, 5.0, 11.0, 29.0], + [5.0, 7.0, 13.0, 31.0], + [9.0, 11.0, 17.0, 35.0]], dtype='float64') + + D, V = eig(A, B) + + # The problem is ill-conditioned, and two other eigenvalues + # depend on ATLAS/OpenBLAS version, compiler version etc + # see gh-11577 for discussion + # + # NB: it is tempting to use `assert_allclose(D[:2], [4, 8])` instead but + # the ordering of eigenvalues also comes out different on different + # systems depending on who knows what. + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + # isclose chokes on inf/nan values + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", "invalid value encountered in multiply", RuntimeWarning) + assert np.isclose(D, 4.0, atol=1e-14).any() + assert np.isclose(D, 8.0, atol=1e-14).any() + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + w, vr = eig(a) + + w_n, vr_n = eig(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype #eigvals(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + assert_allclose(vr, np.empty((0, 0))) + assert vr.shape == (0, 0) + assert vr.dtype == vr_n.dtype + + w, vr = eig(a, homogeneous_eigvals=True) + assert w.shape == (2, 0) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype + + assert vr.shape == (0, 0) + assert vr.dtype == vr_n.dtype + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("include_B", [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("left", [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("right", [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("homogeneous_eigvals", [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.float32, np.complex128]) + def test_nd_input(self, include_B, left, right, homogeneous_eigvals, dtype): + batch_shape = (3, 2) + core_shape = (4, 4) + rng = np.random.default_rng(3249823598235) + A = rng.random(batch_shape + core_shape).astype(dtype) + B = rng.random(batch_shape + core_shape).astype(dtype) + kwargs = dict(right=right, homogeneous_eigvals=homogeneous_eigvals) + + if include_B: + res = eig(A, b=B, left=left, **kwargs) + else: + res = eig(A, left=left, **kwargs) + + for i in range(batch_shape[0]): + for j in range(batch_shape[1]): + if include_B: + ref = eig(A[i, j], b=B[i, j], left=left, **kwargs) + else: + ref = eig(A[i, j], left=left, **kwargs) + + if left or right: + for k in range(len(ref)): + assert_allclose(res[k][i, j], ref[k]) + else: + assert_allclose(res[i, j], ref) + + +class TestEigBanded: + def setup_method(self): + self.create_bandmat() + + def create_bandmat(self): + """Create the full matrix `self.fullmat` and + the corresponding band matrix `self.bandmat`.""" + N = 10 + self.KL = 2 # number of subdiagonals (below the diagonal) + self.KU = 2 # number of superdiagonals (above the diagonal) + + # symmetric band matrix + self.sym_mat = (diag(full(N, 1.0)) + + diag(full(N-1, -1.0), -1) + diag(full(N-1, -1.0), 1) + + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), -2) + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), 2)) + + # hermitian band matrix + self.herm_mat = (diag(full(N, -1.0)) + + 1j*diag(full(N-1, 1.0), -1) + - 1j*diag(full(N-1, 1.0), 1) + + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), -2) + + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), 2)) + + # general real band matrix + self.real_mat = (diag(full(N, 1.0)) + + diag(full(N-1, -1.0), -1) + diag(full(N-1, -3.0), 1) + + diag(full(N-2, 2.0), -2) + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), 2)) + + # general complex band matrix + self.comp_mat = (1j*diag(full(N, 1.0)) + + diag(full(N-1, -1.0), -1) + + 1j*diag(full(N-1, -3.0), 1) + + diag(full(N-2, 2.0), -2) + + diag(full(N-2, -2.0), 2)) + + # Eigenvalues and -vectors from linalg.eig + ew, ev = linalg.eig(self.sym_mat) + ew = ew.real + args = argsort(ew) + self.w_sym_lin = ew[args] + self.evec_sym_lin = ev[:, args] + + ew, ev = linalg.eig(self.herm_mat) + ew = ew.real + args = argsort(ew) + self.w_herm_lin = ew[args] + self.evec_herm_lin = ev[:, args] + + # Extract upper bands from symmetric and hermitian band matrices + # (for use in dsbevd, dsbevx, zhbevd, zhbevx + # and their single precision versions) + LDAB = self.KU + 1 + self.bandmat_sym = zeros((LDAB, N), dtype=float) + self.bandmat_herm = zeros((LDAB, N), dtype=complex) + for i in range(LDAB): + self.bandmat_sym[LDAB-i-1, i:N] = diag(self.sym_mat, i) + self.bandmat_herm[LDAB-i-1, i:N] = diag(self.herm_mat, i) + + # Extract bands from general real and complex band matrix + # (for use in dgbtrf, dgbtrs and their single precision versions) + LDAB = 2*self.KL + self.KU + 1 + self.bandmat_real = zeros((LDAB, N), dtype=float) + self.bandmat_real[2*self.KL, :] = diag(self.real_mat) # diagonal + for i in range(self.KL): + # superdiagonals + self.bandmat_real[2*self.KL-1-i, i+1:N] = diag(self.real_mat, i+1) + # subdiagonals + self.bandmat_real[2*self.KL+1+i, 0:N-1-i] = diag(self.real_mat, + -i-1) + + self.bandmat_comp = zeros((LDAB, N), dtype=complex) + self.bandmat_comp[2*self.KL, :] = diag(self.comp_mat) # diagonal + for i in range(self.KL): + # superdiagonals + self.bandmat_comp[2*self.KL-1-i, i+1:N] = diag(self.comp_mat, i+1) + # subdiagonals + self.bandmat_comp[2*self.KL+1+i, 0:N-1-i] = diag(self.comp_mat, + -i-1) + + # absolute value for linear equation system A*x = b + self.b = 1.0*arange(N) + self.bc = self.b * (1 + 1j) + + ##################################################################### + + def test_dsbev(self): + """Compare dsbev eigenvalues and eigenvectors with + the result of linalg.eig.""" + w, evec, info = dsbev(self.bandmat_sym, compute_v=1) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w_sym_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec_sym_lin)) + + def test_dsbevd(self): + """Compare dsbevd eigenvalues and eigenvectors with + the result of linalg.eig.""" + w, evec, info = dsbevd(self.bandmat_sym, compute_v=1) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w_sym_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec_sym_lin)) + + def test_dsbevx(self): + """Compare dsbevx eigenvalues and eigenvectors + with the result of linalg.eig.""" + N, N = shape(self.sym_mat) + # Achtung: Argumente 0.0,0.0,range? + w, evec, num, ifail, info = dsbevx(self.bandmat_sym, 0.0, 0.0, 1, N, + compute_v=1, range=2) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w_sym_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec_sym_lin)) + + def test_zhbevd(self): + """Compare zhbevd eigenvalues and eigenvectors + with the result of linalg.eig.""" + w, evec, info = zhbevd(self.bandmat_herm, compute_v=1) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w_herm_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec_herm_lin)) + + def test_zhbevx(self): + """Compare zhbevx eigenvalues and eigenvectors + with the result of linalg.eig.""" + N, N = shape(self.herm_mat) + # Achtung: Argumente 0.0,0.0,range? + w, evec, num, ifail, info = zhbevx(self.bandmat_herm, 0.0, 0.0, 1, N, + compute_v=1, range=2) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w_herm_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec_herm_lin)) + + def test_eigvals_banded(self): + """Compare eigenvalues of eigvals_banded with those of linalg.eig.""" + w_sym = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_sym) + w_sym = w_sym.real + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym), self.w_sym_lin) + + w_herm = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_herm) + w_herm = w_herm.real + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm), self.w_herm_lin) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to an index range + ind1 = 2 + ind2 = np.longlong(6) + w_sym_ind = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_sym, + select='i', select_range=(ind1, ind2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym_ind), + self.w_sym_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + w_herm_ind = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_herm, + select='i', select_range=(ind1, ind2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm_ind), + self.w_herm_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to a value range + v_lower = self.w_sym_lin[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w_sym_lin[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w_sym_val = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_sym, + select='v', select_range=(v_lower, v_upper)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym_val), + self.w_sym_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + + v_lower = self.w_herm_lin[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w_herm_lin[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w_herm_val = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_herm, + select='v', + select_range=(v_lower, v_upper)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm_val), + self.w_herm_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + + w_sym = eigvals_banded(self.bandmat_sym, check_finite=False) + w_sym = w_sym.real + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym), self.w_sym_lin) + + def test_eig_banded(self): + """Compare eigenvalues and eigenvectors of eig_banded + with those of linalg.eig. """ + w_sym, evec_sym = eig_banded(self.bandmat_sym) + evec_sym_ = evec_sym[:, argsort(w_sym.real)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym), self.w_sym_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_sym_), abs(self.evec_sym_lin)) + + w_herm, evec_herm = eig_banded(self.bandmat_herm) + evec_herm_ = evec_herm[:, argsort(w_herm.real)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm), self.w_herm_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_herm_), abs(self.evec_herm_lin)) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to an index range + ind1 = 2 + ind2 = 6 + w_sym_ind, evec_sym_ind = eig_banded(self.bandmat_sym, + select='i', + select_range=(ind1, ind2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym_ind), + self.w_sym_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_sym_ind), + abs(self.evec_sym_lin[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + w_herm_ind, evec_herm_ind = eig_banded(self.bandmat_herm, + select='i', + select_range=(ind1, ind2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm_ind), + self.w_herm_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_herm_ind), + abs(self.evec_herm_lin[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to a value range + v_lower = self.w_sym_lin[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w_sym_lin[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w_sym_val, evec_sym_val = eig_banded(self.bandmat_sym, + select='v', + select_range=(v_lower, v_upper)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym_val), + self.w_sym_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_sym_val), + abs(self.evec_sym_lin[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + v_lower = self.w_herm_lin[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w_herm_lin[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w_herm_val, evec_herm_val = eig_banded(self.bandmat_herm, + select='v', + select_range=(v_lower, v_upper)) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_herm_val), + self.w_herm_lin[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_herm_val), + abs(self.evec_herm_lin[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + w_sym, evec_sym = eig_banded(self.bandmat_sym, check_finite=False) + evec_sym_ = evec_sym[:, argsort(w_sym.real)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_sym), self.w_sym_lin) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_sym_), abs(self.evec_sym_lin)) + + def test_dgbtrf(self): + """Compare dgbtrf LU factorisation with the LU factorisation result + of linalg.lu.""" + M, N = shape(self.real_mat) + lu_symm_band, ipiv, info = dgbtrf(self.bandmat_real, self.KL, self.KU) + + # extract matrix u from lu_symm_band + u = diag(lu_symm_band[2*self.KL, :]) + for i in range(self.KL + self.KU): + u += diag(lu_symm_band[2*self.KL-1-i, i+1:N], i+1) + + p_lin, l_lin, u_lin = lu(self.real_mat, permute_l=0) + assert_array_almost_equal(u, u_lin) + + def test_zgbtrf(self): + """Compare zgbtrf LU factorisation with the LU factorisation result + of linalg.lu.""" + M, N = shape(self.comp_mat) + lu_symm_band, ipiv, info = zgbtrf(self.bandmat_comp, self.KL, self.KU) + + # extract matrix u from lu_symm_band + u = diag(lu_symm_band[2*self.KL, :]) + for i in range(self.KL + self.KU): + u += diag(lu_symm_band[2*self.KL-1-i, i+1:N], i+1) + + p_lin, l_lin, u_lin = lu(self.comp_mat, permute_l=0) + assert_array_almost_equal(u, u_lin) + + def test_dgbtrs(self): + """Compare dgbtrs solutions for linear equation system A*x = b + with solutions of linalg.solve.""" + + lu_symm_band, ipiv, info = dgbtrf(self.bandmat_real, self.KL, self.KU) + y, info = dgbtrs(lu_symm_band, self.KL, self.KU, self.b, ipiv) + + y_lin = linalg.solve(self.real_mat, self.b) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, y_lin) + + def test_zgbtrs(self): + """Compare zgbtrs solutions for linear equation system A*x = b + with solutions of linalg.solve.""" + + lu_symm_band, ipiv, info = zgbtrf(self.bandmat_comp, self.KL, self.KU) + y, info = zgbtrs(lu_symm_band, self.KL, self.KU, self.bc, ipiv) + + y_lin = linalg.solve(self.comp_mat, self.bc) + assert_array_almost_equal(y, y_lin) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a_band = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + w, v = eig_banded(a_band) + + w_n, v_n = eig_banded(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]], dtype=dt)) + + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype + + assert v.shape == (0, 0) + assert v.dtype == v_n.dtype + + w = eig_banded(a_band, eigvals_only=True) + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype + +class TestEigTridiagonal: + def setup_method(self): + self.create_trimat() + + def create_trimat(self): + """Create the full matrix `self.fullmat`, `self.d`, and `self.e`.""" + N = 10 + + # symmetric band matrix + self.d = full(N, 1.0) + self.e = full(N-1, -1.0) + self.full_mat = (diag(self.d) + diag(self.e, -1) + diag(self.e, 1)) + + ew, ev = linalg.eig(self.full_mat) + ew = ew.real + args = argsort(ew) + self.w = ew[args] + self.evec = ev[:, args] + + def test_degenerate(self): + """Test error conditions.""" + # Wrong sizes + assert_raises(ValueError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e[:-1]) + # Must be real + assert_raises(TypeError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e * 1j) + # Bad driver + assert_raises(TypeError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + lapack_driver=1.) + assert_raises(ValueError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + lapack_driver='foo') + # Bad bounds + assert_raises(ValueError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + select='i', select_range=(0, -1)) + + def test_eigvalsh_tridiagonal(self): + """Compare eigenvalues of eigvalsh_tridiagonal with those of eig.""" + # can't use ?STERF with subselection + for driver in ('sterf', 'stev', 'stevd', 'stebz', 'stemr', 'auto'): + w = eigvalsh_tridiagonal(self.d, self.e, lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w) + + for driver in ('sterf', 'stev', 'stevd'): + assert_raises(ValueError, eigvalsh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + lapack_driver=driver, select='i', + select_range=(0, 1)) + for driver in ('stebz', 'stemr', 'auto'): + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to the full index range + w_ind = eigvalsh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='i', select_range=(0, len(self.d)-1), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_ind), self.w) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to an index range + ind1 = 2 + ind2 = 6 + w_ind = eigvalsh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='i', select_range=(ind1, ind2), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_ind), self.w[ind1:ind2+1]) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to a value range + v_lower = self.w[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w_val = eigvalsh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='v', select_range=(v_lower, v_upper), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w_val), self.w[ind1:ind2+1]) + + def test_eigh_tridiagonal(self): + """Compare eigenvalues and eigenvectors of eigh_tridiagonal + with those of eig. """ + # can't use ?STERF when eigenvectors are requested + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + lapack_driver='sterf') + for driver in ('stebz', 'stev', 'stevd', 'stemr', 'auto'): + w, evec = eigh_tridiagonal(self.d, self.e, lapack_driver=driver) + evec_ = evec[:, argsort(w)] + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec_), abs(self.evec)) + + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh_tridiagonal, self.d, self.e, + lapack_driver='stev', select='i', select_range=(0, 1)) + for driver in ('stebz', 'stemr', 'auto'): + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to an index range + ind1 = 0 + ind2 = len(self.d)-1 + w, evec = eigh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='i', select_range=(ind1, ind2), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec), abs(self.evec)) + ind1 = 2 + ind2 = 6 + w, evec = eigh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='i', select_range=(ind1, ind2), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec), + abs(self.evec[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + # extracting eigenvalues with respect to a value range + v_lower = self.w[ind1] - 1.0e-5 + v_upper = self.w[ind2] + 1.0e-5 + w, evec = eigh_tridiagonal( + self.d, self.e, select='v', select_range=(v_lower, v_upper), + lapack_driver=driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(sort(w), self.w[ind1:ind2+1]) + assert_array_almost_equal(abs(evec), + abs(self.evec[:, ind1:ind2+1])) + + def test_eigh_tridiagonal_1x1(self): + """See gh-20075""" + a = np.array([-2.0]) + b = np.array([]) + x = eigh_tridiagonal(a, b, eigvals_only=True) + assert x.ndim == 1 + assert_allclose(x, a) + x, V = eigh_tridiagonal(a, b, select="i", select_range=(0, 0)) + assert x.ndim == 1 + assert V.ndim == 2 + assert_allclose(x, a) + assert_allclose(V, array([[1.]])) + + x, V = eigh_tridiagonal(a, b, select="v", select_range=(-2, 0)) + assert x.size == 0 + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert V.shape == (1, 0) + + +class TestEigh: + def test_wrong_inputs(self): + # Nonsquare a + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([1, 2])) + # Nonsquare b + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([2, 2]), np.ones([2, 1])) + # Incompatible a, b sizes + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([2, 2])) + # Wrong type parameter for generalized problem + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + type=4) + # Both value and index subsets requested + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + subset_by_value=[1, 2], subset_by_index=[2, 4]) + # Invalid upper index spec + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + subset_by_index=[0, 4]) + # Invalid lower index + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + subset_by_index=[-2, 2]) + # Invalid index spec #2 + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + subset_by_index=[2, 0]) + # Invalid value spec + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + subset_by_value=[2, 0]) + # Invalid driver name + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([2, 2]), driver='wrong') + # Generalized driver selection without b + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), None, driver='gvx') + # Standard driver with b + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + driver='evr') + # Subset request from invalid driver + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + driver='gvd', subset_by_index=[1, 2]) + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3]), + driver='gvd', subset_by_index=[1, 2]) + + def test_nonpositive_b(self): + assert_raises(LinAlgError, eigh, np.ones([3, 3]), np.ones([3, 3])) + + # index based subsets are done in the legacy test_eigh() + def test_value_subsets(self): + for ind, dt in enumerate(DTYPES): + + a = _random_hermitian_matrix(20, dtype=dt) + w, v = eigh(a, subset_by_value=[-2, 2]) + assert_equal(v.shape[1], len(w)) + assert all((w > -2) & (w < 2)) + + b = _random_hermitian_matrix(20, posdef=True, dtype=dt) + w, v = eigh(a, b, subset_by_value=[-2, 2]) + assert_equal(v.shape[1], len(w)) + assert all((w > -2) & (w < 2)) + + def test_eigh_integer(self): + a = array([[1, 2], [2, 7]]) + b = array([[3, 1], [1, 5]]) + w, z = eigh(a) + w, z = eigh(a, b) + + @skip_xp_invalid_arg + def test_eigh_of_sparse(self): + # This tests the rejection of inputs that eigh cannot currently handle. + import scipy.sparse + a = scipy.sparse.identity(2).tocsc() + b = np.atleast_2d(a) + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, a) + assert_raises(ValueError, eigh, b) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype_', DTYPES) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('driver', ("ev", "evd", "evr", "evx")) + def test_various_drivers_standard(self, driver, dtype_): + a = _random_hermitian_matrix(n=20, dtype=dtype_) + w, v = eigh(a, driver=driver) + assert_allclose(a @ v - (v * w), 0., + atol=1000*np.finfo(dtype_).eps, + rtol=0.) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('driver', ("ev", "evd", "evr", "evx")) + def test_1x1_lwork(self, driver): + w, v = eigh([[1]], driver=driver) + assert_allclose(w, array([1.]), atol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(v, array([[1.]]), atol=1e-15) + + # complex case now + w, v = eigh([[1j]], driver=driver) + assert_allclose(w, array([0]), atol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(v, array([[1.]]), atol=1e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('type', (1, 2, 3)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('driver', ("gv", "gvd", "gvx")) + def test_various_drivers_generalized(self, driver, type): + atol = np.spacing(5000.) + a = _random_hermitian_matrix(20) + b = _random_hermitian_matrix(20, posdef=True) + w, v = eigh(a=a, b=b, driver=driver, type=type) + if type == 1: + assert_allclose(a @ v - w*(b @ v), 0., atol=atol, rtol=0.) + elif type == 2: + assert_allclose(a @ b @ v - v * w, 0., atol=atol, rtol=0.) + else: + assert_allclose(b @ a @ v - v * w, 0., atol=atol, rtol=0.) + + def test_eigvalsh_new_args(self): + a = _random_hermitian_matrix(5) + w = eigvalsh(a, subset_by_index=[1, 2]) + assert_equal(len(w), 2) + + w2 = eigvalsh(a, subset_by_index=[1, 2]) + assert_equal(len(w2), 2) + assert_allclose(w, w2) + + b = np.diag([1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 2]) + w3 = eigvalsh(b, subset_by_value=[1, 1.4]) + assert_equal(len(w3), 2) + assert_allclose(w3, np.array([1.2, 1.3])) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + w, v = eigh(a) + + w_n, v_n = eigh(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype + + assert v.shape == (0, 0) + assert v.dtype == v_n.dtype + + w = eigh(a, eigvals_only=True) + assert_allclose(w, np.empty((0,))) + + assert w.shape == (0,) + assert w.dtype == w_n.dtype + +class TestSVD_GESDD: + lapack_driver = 'gesdd' + + def test_degenerate(self): + assert_raises(TypeError, svd, [[1.]], lapack_driver=1.) + assert_raises(ValueError, svd, [[1.]], lapack_driver='foo') + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 20, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh.T @ vh, eye(3)) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[0], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_simple_singular(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh.T @ vh, eye(3)) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[0], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_simple_underdet(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(u.shape[0])) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[0], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_simple_overdet(self): + a = [[1, 2], [4, 5], [3, 4]] + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(u.shape[1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh.T @ vh, eye(2)) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[1], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + m = 15 + for i in range(3): + for a in [rng.random([n, m]), rng.random([m, n])]: + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(u.shape[1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh @ vh.T, eye(vh.shape[0])) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[1], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2j, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + for full_matrices in (True, False): + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.conj().T @ u, eye(u.shape[1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh.conj().T @ vh, eye(vh.shape[0])) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[0], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + m = 15 + for i in range(3): + for full_matrices in (True, False): + for a in [rng.random([n, m]), rng.random([m, n])]: + a = a + 1j*rng.random(list(a.shape)) + u, s, vh = svd(a, full_matrices=full_matrices, + lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.conj().T @ u, + eye(u.shape[1])) + # This fails when [m,n] + # assert_array_almost_equal(vh.conj().T @ vh, + # eye(len(vh),dtype=vh.dtype.char)) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[1], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_crash_1580(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + sizes = [(13, 23), (30, 50), (60, 100)] + for sz in sizes: + for dt in [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128]: + a = rng.rand(*sz).astype(dt) + # should not crash + svd(a, lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 20, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + u, s, vh = svd(a, check_finite=False, lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + assert_array_almost_equal(u.T @ u, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(vh.T @ vh, eye(3)) + sigma = zeros((u.shape[0], vh.shape[0]), s.dtype.char) + for i in range(len(s)): + sigma[i, i] = s[i] + assert_array_almost_equal(u @ sigma @ vh, a) + + def test_gh_5039(self): + # This is a smoke test for https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/5039 + # + # The following is reported to raise "ValueError: On entry to DGESDD + # parameter number 12 had an illegal value". + # `interp1d([1,2,3,4], [1,2,3,4], kind='cubic')` + # This is reported to only show up on LAPACK 3.0.3. + # + # The matrix below is taken from the call to + # `B = _fitpack._bsplmat(order, xk)` in interpolate._find_smoothest + b = np.array( + [[0.16666667, 0.66666667, 0.16666667, 0., 0., 0.], + [0., 0.16666667, 0.66666667, 0.16666667, 0., 0.], + [0., 0., 0.16666667, 0.66666667, 0.16666667, 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0.16666667, 0.66666667, 0.16666667]]) + svd(b, lapack_driver=self.lapack_driver) + + @pytest.mark.skipif(not HAS_ILP64, reason="64-bit LAPACK required") + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_large_matrix(self): + check_free_memory(free_mb=17000) + A = np.zeros([1, 2**31], dtype=np.float32) + A[0, -1] = 1 + u, s, vh = svd(A, full_matrices=False) + assert_allclose(s[0], 1.0) + assert_allclose(u[0, 0] * vh[0, -1], 1.0) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) + def test_shape_dtype(self, m, n, dtype): + a = np.zeros((m, n), dtype=dtype) + k = min(m, n) + dchar = a.dtype.char + real_dchar = dchar.lower() if dchar in 'FD' else dchar + + u, s, v = svd(a) + assert_equal(u.shape, (m, m)) + assert_equal(u.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(s.shape, (k,)) + assert_equal(s.dtype, np.dtype(real_dchar)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (n, n)) + assert_equal(v.dtype, dtype) + + u, s, v = svd(a, full_matrices=False) + assert_equal(u.shape, (m, k)) + assert_equal(u.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(s.shape, (k,)) + assert_equal(s.dtype, np.dtype(real_dchar)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (k, n)) + assert_equal(v.dtype, dtype) + + s = svd(a, compute_uv=False) + assert_equal(s.shape, (k,)) + assert_equal(s.dtype, np.dtype(real_dchar)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("m", "n"), [(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0)]) + def test_empty(self, dt, m, n): + a0 = np.eye(3, dtype=dt) + u0, s0, v0 = svd(a0) + + a = np.empty((m, n), dtype=dt) + u, s, v = svd(a) + assert_allclose(u, np.identity(m)) + assert_allclose(s, np.empty((0,))) + assert_allclose(v, np.identity(n)) + + assert u.dtype == u0.dtype + assert v.dtype == v0.dtype + assert s.dtype == s0.dtype + + u, s, v = svd(a, full_matrices=False) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty((m, 0))) + assert_allclose(s, np.empty((0,))) + assert_allclose(v, np.empty((0, n))) + + assert u.dtype == u0.dtype + assert v.dtype == v0.dtype + assert s.dtype == s0.dtype + + s = svd(a, compute_uv=False) + assert_allclose(s, np.empty((0,))) + + assert s.dtype == s0.dtype + +class TestSVD_GESVD(TestSVD_GESDD): + lapack_driver = 'gesvd' + + +# Allocating an array of such a size leads to _ArrayMemoryError(s) +# since the maximum memory that can be in 32-bit (WASM) is 4GB +@pytest.mark.skipif(IS_WASM, reason="out of memory in WASM") +@pytest.mark.xfail_on_32bit("out of memory in 32-bit CI workflow") +@pytest.mark.parallel_threads_limit(2) # 1.9 GiB per thread RAM usage +@pytest.mark.fail_slow(10) +def test_svd_gesdd_nofegfault(): + # svd(a) with {U,VT}.size > INT_MAX does not segfault + # cf https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/14001 + df=np.ones((4799, 53130), dtype=np.float64) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + svd(df) + + +def test_gesdd_nan_error_message(): + A = np.eye(2) + A[0, 0] = np.nan + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="NaN"): + svd(A, check_finite=False) + + +class TestSVDVals: + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + for a in [[]], np.empty((2, 0)), np.ones((0, 3)): + a = np.array(a, dtype=dt) + s = svdvals(a) + assert_equal(s, np.empty(0)) + + s0 = svdvals(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + assert s.dtype == s0.dtype + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 3) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1] >= s[2]) + + def test_simple_underdet(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 2) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1]) + + def test_simple_overdet(self): + a = [[1, 2], [4, 5], [3, 4]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 2) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1]) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 20, 3j], [2, 5, 6]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 3) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1] >= s[2]) + + def test_simple_underdet_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5j, 6]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 2) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1]) + + def test_simple_overdet_complex(self): + a = [[1, 2], [4, 5], [3j, 4]] + s = svdvals(a) + assert_(len(s) == 2) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1]) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]] + s = svdvals(a, check_finite=False) + assert_(len(s) == 3) + assert_(s[0] >= s[1] >= s[2]) + + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_crash_2609(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + a = rng.random((1500, 2800)) + # Shouldn't crash: + svdvals(a) + + +class TestDiagSVD: + + def test_simple(self): + assert_array_almost_equal(diagsvd([1, 0, 0], 3, 3), + [[1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]) + + +class TestQR: + def test_simple(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_simple_left(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = [1, 2, 3] + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, eye(3), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_simple_right(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = [1, 2, 3] + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, qc) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_simple_pivoting(self): + a = np.asarray([[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_left_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2, 3] + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + + def test_simple_right_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2, 3] + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, qc) + + def test_simple_trap(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3]] + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_simple_trap_pivoting(self): + a = np.asarray([[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_tall(self): + # full version + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_simple_tall_pivoting(self): + # full version pivoting + a = np.asarray([[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_tall_e(self): + # economy version + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r = qr(a, mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (3, 2)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (2, 2)) + + def test_simple_tall_e_pivoting(self): + # economy version pivoting + a = np.asarray([[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True, mode='economic') + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p], mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_tall_left(self): + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2] + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + c = array([1, 2, 0]) + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", overwrite_c=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c[:2], qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_simple_tall_left_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, mode="economic", pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2] + qc, r, kpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", True) + assert_array_equal(jpvt, kpvt) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), "left", True) + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_simple_tall_right(self): + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2, 3] + cq, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cq, q) + + def test_simple_tall_right_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2, 3] + cq, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + cq, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, eye(3), pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(cq, q) + + def test_simple_fat(self): + # full version + a = [[8, 2, 5], [2, 9, 3]] + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (2, 2)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (2, 3)) + + def test_simple_fat_pivoting(self): + # full version pivoting + a = np.asarray([[8, 2, 5], [2, 9, 3]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + assert_equal(q.shape, (2, 2)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (2, 3)) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_fat_e(self): + # economy version + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]] + q, r = qr(a, mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (2, 2)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (2, 3)) + + def test_simple_fat_e_pivoting(self): + # economy version pivoting + a = np.asarray([[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True, mode='economic') + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + assert_equal(q.shape, (2, 2)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (2, 3)) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p], mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_fat_left(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]] + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2] + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_simple_fat_left_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, mode="economic", pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2] + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), "left", True) + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_simple_fat_right(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]] + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2] + cq, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cq, q) + + def test_simple_fat_right_pivoting(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 5]] + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2] + cq, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + cq, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(cq, q) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_simple_complex_left(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = [1, 2, 3+4j] + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(3), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_simple_complex_right(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = [1, 2, 3+4j] + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_simple_tall_complex_left(self): + a = [[8, 2+3j], [2, 9], [5+7j, 3]] + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = [1, 2+2j] + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + c = array([1, 2, 0]) + qc, r2 = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", overwrite_c=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c[:2], qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(2), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_simple_complex_left_conjugate(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = [1, 2, 3+4j] + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", conjugate=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj() @ c, qc) + + def test_simple_complex_tall_left_conjugate(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j], [5, 2+2j], [3, 2]] + q, r = qr(a, mode='economic') + c = [1, 3+4j] + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", conjugate=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj() @ c, qc) + + def test_simple_complex_right_conjugate(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + q, r = qr(a) + c = np.array([1, 2, 3+4j]) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, conjugate=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q.conj(), qc) + + def test_simple_complex_pivoting(self): + a = array([[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_simple_complex_left_pivoting(self): + a = array([[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]]) + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2, 3+4j] + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, "left", True) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + + def test_simple_complex_right_pivoting(self): + a = array([[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]]) + q, r, jpvt = qr(a, pivoting=True) + c = [1, 2, 3+4j] + qc, r, jpvt = qr_multiply(a, c, pivoting=True) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, qc) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_random_left(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + c = rng.random([n]) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(n), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_random_right(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + c = rng.random([n]) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, cq) + + def test_random_pivoting(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_random_tall(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # full version + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_random_tall_left(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # full version + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = rng.random([n]) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(n), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(qc, q) + + def test_random_tall_right(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # full version + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r = qr(a, mode="economic") + c = rng.random([m]) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cq, q) + + def test_random_tall_pivoting(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # full version pivoting + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_random_tall_e(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # economy version + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r = qr(a, mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (n, n)) + + def test_random_tall_e_pivoting(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + # economy version pivoting + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True, mode='economic') + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (n, n)) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p], mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_random_trap(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 100 + n = 200 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_random_trap_pivoting(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 100 + n = 200 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_random_complex_left(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + c = rng.random([n]) + 1j*rng.random([n]) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, c, "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ c, qc) + qc, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(n), "left") + assert_array_almost_equal(q, qc) + + def test_random_complex_right(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + q, r = qr(a) + c = rng.random([n]) + 1j*rng.random([n]) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(c @ q, cq) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, cq) + + def test_random_complex_pivoting(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + d = abs(diag(r)) + assert_(np.all(d[1:] <= d[:-1])) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ q, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a[:, p]) + q2, r2 = qr(a[:, p]) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, q2) + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + q, r = qr(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ r, a) + + def test_lwork(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + # Get comparison values + q, r = qr(a, lwork=None) + + # Test against minimum valid lwork + q2, r2 = qr(a, lwork=3) + assert_array_almost_equal(q2, q) + assert_array_almost_equal(r2, r) + + # Test against larger lwork + q3, r3 = qr(a, lwork=10) + assert_array_almost_equal(q3, q) + assert_array_almost_equal(r3, r) + + # Test against explicit lwork=-1 + q4, r4 = qr(a, lwork=-1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q4, q) + assert_array_almost_equal(r4, r) + + # Test against invalid lwork + assert_raises(Exception, qr, (a,), {'lwork': 0}) + assert_raises(Exception, qr, (a,), {'lwork': 2}) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("pivoting", [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) + def test_shape_dtype(self, m, n, pivoting, dtype): + k = min(m, n) + + a = np.zeros((m, n), dtype=dtype) + q, r, *other = qr(a, pivoting=pivoting) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, m)) + assert_equal(q.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert len(other) == (1 if pivoting else 0) + if pivoting: + p, = other + assert_equal(p.shape, (n,)) + assert_equal(p.dtype, np.int32) + + r, *other = qr(a, mode='r', pivoting=pivoting) + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert len(other) == (1 if pivoting else 0) + if pivoting: + p, = other + assert_equal(p.shape, (n,)) + assert_equal(p.dtype, np.int32) + + q, r, *other = qr(a, mode='economic', pivoting=pivoting) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, k)) + assert_equal(q.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(r.shape, (k, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert len(other) == (1 if pivoting else 0) + if pivoting: + p, = other + assert_equal(p.shape, (n,)) + assert_equal(p.dtype, np.int32) + + (raw, tau), r, *other = qr(a, mode='raw', pivoting=pivoting) + assert_equal(raw.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(raw.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(tau.shape, (k,)) + assert_equal(tau.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(r.shape, (k, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert len(other) == (1 if pivoting else 0) + if pivoting: + p, = other + assert_equal(p.shape, (n,)) + assert_equal(p.dtype, np.int32) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("m", "n"), [(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0)]) + def test_empty(self, m, n): + k = min(m, n) + + a = np.empty((m, n)) + q, r = qr(a) + assert_allclose(q, np.identity(m)) + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, n))) + + q, r, p = qr(a, pivoting=True) + assert_allclose(q, np.identity(m)) + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, n))) + assert_allclose(p, np.arange(n)) + + r, = qr(a, mode='r') + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, n))) + + q, r = qr(a, mode='economic') + assert_allclose(q, np.empty((m, k))) + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((k, n))) + + (raw, tau), r = qr(a, mode='raw') + assert_allclose(raw, np.empty((m, n))) + assert_allclose(tau, np.empty((k,))) + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((k, n))) + + def test_multiply_empty(self): + a = np.empty((0, 0)) + c = np.empty((0, 0)) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_allclose(cq, np.empty((0, 0))) + + a = np.empty((0, 2)) + c = np.empty((2, 0)) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_allclose(cq, np.empty((2, 0))) + + a = np.empty((2, 0)) + c = np.empty((0, 2)) + cq, r = qr_multiply(a, c) + assert_allclose(cq, np.empty((0, 2))) + + +class TestRQ: + def test_simple(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_r(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + r, q = rq(a) + r2 = rq(a, mode='r') + assert_array_almost_equal(r, r2) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_simple_trap(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3]] + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_simple_tall(self): + a = [[8, 2], [2, 9], [5, 3]] + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ q, eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_simple_fat(self): + a = [[8, 2, 5], [2, 9, 3]] + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[3, 3+4j, 5], [5, 2, 2+7j], [3, 2, 7]] + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.conj().T, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_random_tall(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 200 + n = 100 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_random_trap(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 100 + n = 200 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_random_trap_economic(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 100 + n = 200 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + r, q = rq(a, mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, m)) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.conj().T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + def test_random_complex_economic(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m = 100 + n = 200 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([m, n]) + 1j*rng.random([m, n]) + r, q = rq(a, mode='economic') + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.conj().T, eye(m)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, m)) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [5, 3, 6]] + r, q = rq(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(q @ q.T, eye(3)) + assert_array_almost_equal(r @ q, a) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) + def test_shape_dtype(self, m, n, dtype): + k = min(m, n) + + a = np.zeros((m, n), dtype=dtype) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_equal(q.shape, (n, n)) + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(q.dtype, dtype) + + r = rq(a, mode='r') + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + + r, q = rq(a, mode='economic') + assert_equal(r.shape, (m, k)) + assert_equal(r.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(q.shape, (k, n)) + assert_equal(q.dtype, dtype) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("m", "n"), [(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0)]) + def test_empty(self, m, n): + k = min(m, n) + + a = np.empty((m, n)) + r, q = rq(a) + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, n))) + assert_allclose(q, np.identity(n)) + + r = rq(a, mode='r') + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, n))) + + r, q = rq(a, mode='economic') + assert_allclose(r, np.empty((m, k))) + assert_allclose(q, np.empty((k, n))) + + +class TestSchur: + + def check_schur(self, a, t, u, rtol, atol): + # Check that the Schur decomposition is correct. + assert_allclose(u @ t @ u.conj().T, a, rtol=rtol, atol=atol, + err_msg="Schur decomposition does not match 'a'") + # The expected value of u @ u.H - I is all zeros, so test + # with absolute tolerance only. + assert_allclose(u @ u.conj().T - np.eye(len(u)), 0, rtol=0, atol=atol, + err_msg="u is not unitary") + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[8, 12, 3], [2, 9, 3], [10, 3, 6]] + t, z = schur(a) + self.check_schur(a, t, z, rtol=1e-14, atol=5e-15) + tc, zc = schur(a, 'complex') + assert_(np.any(ravel(iscomplex(zc))) and np.any(ravel(iscomplex(tc)))) + self.check_schur(a, tc, zc, rtol=1e-14, atol=5e-15) + tc2, zc2 = rsf2csf(tc, zc) + self.check_schur(a, tc2, zc2, rtol=1e-14, atol=5e-15) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + 'sort, expected_diag', + [('lhp', [-np.sqrt(2), -0.5, np.sqrt(2), 0.5]), + ('rhp', [np.sqrt(2), 0.5, -np.sqrt(2), -0.5]), + ('iuc', [-0.5, 0.5, np.sqrt(2), -np.sqrt(2)]), + ('ouc', [np.sqrt(2), -np.sqrt(2), -0.5, 0.5]), + (lambda x: x >= 0.0, [np.sqrt(2), 0.5, -np.sqrt(2), -0.5])] + ) + def test_sort(self, sort, expected_diag): + # The exact eigenvalues of this matrix are + # -sqrt(2), sqrt(2), -1/2, 1/2. + a = [[4., 3., 1., -1.], + [-4.5, -3.5, -1., 1.], + [9., 6., -4., 4.5], + [6., 4., -3., 3.5]] + t, u, sdim = schur(a, sort=sort) + self.check_schur(a, t, u, rtol=1e-14, atol=5e-15) + assert_allclose(np.diag(t), expected_diag, rtol=1e-12) + assert_equal(2, sdim) + + def test_sort_errors(self): + a = [[4., 3., 1., -1.], + [-4.5, -3.5, -1., 1.], + [9., 6., -4., 4.5], + [6., 4., -3., 3.5]] + assert_raises(ValueError, schur, a, sort='unsupported') + assert_raises(ValueError, schur, a, sort=1) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[8, 12, 3], [2, 9, 3], [10, 3, 6]] + t, z = schur(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(z @ t @ z.conj().T, a) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + t, z = schur(a) + t0, z0 = schur(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + assert_allclose(t, np.empty((0, 0))) + assert_allclose(z, np.empty((0, 0))) + assert t.dtype == t0.dtype + assert z.dtype == z0.dtype + + t, z, sdim = schur(a, sort='lhp') + assert_allclose(t, np.empty((0, 0))) + assert_allclose(z, np.empty((0, 0))) + assert_equal(sdim, 0) + assert t.dtype == t0.dtype + assert z.dtype == z0.dtype + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('sort', ['iuc', 'ouc']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('output', ['real', 'complex']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', [np.float32, np.float64, + np.complex64, np.complex128]) + def test_gh_13137_sort_str(self, sort, output, dtype): + # gh-13137 reported that sort values 'iuc' and 'ouc' were not + # correct because the callables assumed that the eigenvalues would + # always be expressed as a single complex number. + # In fact, when `output='real'` and the dtype is real, the + # eigenvalues are passed as separate real and imaginary components + # (yet no error is raised if the callable accepts only one argument). + # + # This tests these sort values by counting the number of eigenvalues + # `schur` reports as being inside/outside the unit circle. + + # Real matrix with eigenvalues 0.1 +- 2j + A = np.asarray([[0.1, -2], [2, 0.1]]) + + # Previously, this would fail for `output='real'` with real dtypes + sdim = schur(A.astype(dtype), sort=sort, output=output)[-1] + assert sdim == 0 if sort == 'iuc' else sdim == 2 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('output', ['real', 'complex']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', [np.float32, np.float64, + np.complex64, np.complex128]) + def test_gh_13137_sort_custom(self, output, dtype): + # This simply tests our understanding of how eigenvalues are + # passed to a sort callable. If `output='real'` and the dtype is real, + # real and imaginary parts are passed as separate real arguments; + # otherwise, they are passed a single complex argument. + # Also, if `output='real'` and the dtype is real, when either + # eigenvalue in a complex conjugate pair satisfies the sort condition, + # `sdim` is incremented by TWO. + + # Real matrix with eigenvalues 0.1 +- 2j + A = np.asarray([[0.1, -2], [2, 0.1]]) + + all_real = output=='real' and dtype in {np.float32, np.float64} + + def sort(x, y=None): + if all_real: + assert not np.iscomplexobj(x) + assert y is not None and np.isreal(y) + z = x + y*1j + else: + assert np.iscomplexobj(x) + assert y is None + z = x + return z.imag > 1e-15 + + # Only one complex eigenvalue satisfies the condition, but when + # `all_real` applies, both eigenvalues in the complex conjugate pair + # are counted. + sdim = schur(A.astype(dtype), sort=sort, output=output)[-1] + assert sdim == 2 if all_real else sdim == 1 + + +class TestHessenberg: + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[-149, -50, -154], + [537, 180, 546], + [-27, -9, -25]] + h1 = [[-149.0000, 42.2037, -156.3165], + [-537.6783, 152.5511, -554.9272], + [0, 0.0728, 2.4489]] + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ a @ q, h) + assert_array_almost_equal(h, h1, decimal=4) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + a = [[-149, -50, -154], + [537, 180j, 546], + [-27j, -9, -25]] + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ a @ q, h) + + def test_simple2(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], + [0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 2], + [0, 2, 2, 3, 0, 3, 2], + [0, 0, 2, 8, 0, 0, 2], + [0, 3, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2], + [0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2]] + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ a @ q, h) + + def test_simple3(self): + a = np.eye(3) + a[-1, 0] = 2 + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ a @ q, h) + + def test_random(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ a @ q, h) + + def test_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + a = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.conj().T @ a @ q, h) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[-149, -50, -154], + [537, 180, 546], + [-27, -9, -25]] + h1 = [[-149.0000, 42.2037, -156.3165], + [-537.6783, 152.5511, -554.9272], + [0, 0.0728, 2.4489]] + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(q.T @ a @ q, h) + assert_array_almost_equal(h, h1, decimal=4) + + def test_2x2(self): + a = [[2, 1], [7, 12]] + + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q, np.eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(h, a) + + b = [[2-7j, 1+2j], [7+3j, 12-2j]] + h2, q2 = hessenberg(b, calc_q=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(q2, np.eye(2)) + assert_array_almost_equal(h2, b) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, float32, complex, complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + h = hessenberg(a) + assert h.shape == (0, 0) + assert h.dtype == hessenberg(np.eye(3, dtype=dt)).dtype + + h, q = hessenberg(a, calc_q=True) + h3, q3 = hessenberg(a, calc_q=True) + assert h.shape == (0, 0) + assert h.dtype == h3.dtype + + assert q.shape == (0, 0) + assert q.dtype == q3.dtype + + +blas_provider = blas_version = None +blas_provider = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['blas']['name'] +blas_version = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['blas']['version'] + + +class TestQZ: + def test_qz_single(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = rng.random([n, n]).astype(float32) + B = rng.random([n, n]).astype(float32) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.T, A, decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.T, B, decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.T, eye(n), decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.T, eye(n), decimal=5) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + + def test_qz_double(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = rng.random([n, n]) + B = rng.random([n, n]) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.T, A) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.T, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.T, eye(n)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + + def test_qz_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + B = rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n]) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.conj().T, A) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.conj().T, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.conj().T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.conj().T, eye(n)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB).imag == 0)) + + def test_qz_complex64(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = (rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n])).astype(complex64) + B = (rng.random([n, n]) + 1j*rng.random([n, n])).astype(complex64) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.conj().T, A, decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.conj().T, B, decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.conj().T, eye(n), decimal=5) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.conj().T, eye(n), decimal=5) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB).imag == 0)) + + def test_qz_double_complex(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = rng.random([n, n]) + B = rng.random([n, n]) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B, output='complex') + aa = Q @ AA @ Z.conj().T + assert_array_almost_equal(aa.real, A) + assert_array_almost_equal(aa.imag, 0) + bb = Q @ BB @ Z.conj().T + assert_array_almost_equal(bb.real, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(bb.imag, 0) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.conj().T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.conj().T, eye(n)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + + def test_qz_double_sort(self): + # from https://www.nag.com/lapack-ex/node119.html + # NOTE: These matrices may be ill-conditioned and lead to a + # seg fault on certain python versions when compiled with + # sse2 or sse3 older ATLAS/LAPACK binaries for windows + # A = np.array([[3.9, 12.5, -34.5, -0.5], + # [ 4.3, 21.5, -47.5, 7.5], + # [ 4.3, 21.5, -43.5, 3.5], + # [ 4.4, 26.0, -46.0, 6.0 ]]) + + # B = np.array([[ 1.0, 2.0, -3.0, 1.0], + # [1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.0], + # [1.0, 3.0, -4.0, 3.0], + # [1.0, 3.0, -4.0, 4.0]]) + A = np.array([[3.9, 12.5, -34.5, 2.5], + [4.3, 21.5, -47.5, 7.5], + [4.3, 1.5, -43.5, 3.5], + [4.4, 6.0, -46.0, 6.0]]) + + B = np.array([[1.0, 1.0, -3.0, 1.0], + [1.0, 3.0, -5.0, 4.4], + [1.0, 2.0, -4.0, 1.0], + [1.2, 3.0, -4.0, 4.0]]) + + assert_raises(ValueError, qz, A, B, sort=lambda ar, ai, beta: ai == 0) + if False: + AA, BB, Q, Z, sdim = qz(A, B, sort=lambda ar, ai, beta: ai == 0) + # assert_(sdim == 2) + assert_(sdim == 4) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.T, A) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.T, B) + + # test absolute values bc the sign is ambiguous and + # might be platform dependent + assert_array_almost_equal(np.abs(AA), np.abs(np.array( + [[35.7864, -80.9061, -12.0629, -9.498], + [0., 2.7638, -2.3505, 7.3256], + [0., 0., 0.6258, -0.0398], + [0., 0., 0., -12.8217]])), 4) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.abs(BB), np.abs(np.array( + [[4.5324, -8.7878, 3.2357, -3.5526], + [0., 1.4314, -2.1894, 0.9709], + [0., 0., 1.3126, -0.3468], + [0., 0., 0., 0.559]])), 4) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.abs(Q), np.abs(np.array( + [[-0.4193, -0.605, -0.1894, -0.6498], + [-0.5495, 0.6987, 0.2654, -0.3734], + [-0.4973, -0.3682, 0.6194, 0.4832], + [-0.5243, 0.1008, -0.7142, 0.4526]])), 4) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.abs(Z), np.abs(np.array( + [[-0.9471, -0.2971, -0.1217, 0.0055], + [-0.0367, 0.1209, 0.0358, 0.9913], + [0.3171, -0.9041, -0.2547, 0.1312], + [0.0346, 0.2824, -0.9587, 0.0014]])), 4) + + # test absolute values bc the sign is ambiguous and might be platform + # dependent + # assert_array_almost_equal(abs(AA), abs(np.array([ + # [3.8009, -69.4505, 50.3135, -43.2884], + # [0.0000, 9.2033, -0.2001, 5.9881], + # [0.0000, 0.0000, 1.4279, 4.4453], + # [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.9019, -1.1962]])), 4) + # assert_array_almost_equal(abs(BB), abs(np.array([ + # [1.9005, -10.2285, 0.8658, -5.2134], + # [0.0000, 2.3008, 0.7915, 0.4262], + # [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.8101, 0.0000], + # [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, -0.2823]])), 4) + # assert_array_almost_equal(abs(Q), abs(np.array([ + # [0.4642, 0.7886, 0.2915, -0.2786], + # [0.5002, -0.5986, 0.5638, -0.2713], + # [0.5002, 0.0154, -0.0107, 0.8657], + # [0.5331, -0.1395, -0.7727, -0.3151]])), 4) + # assert_array_almost_equal(dot(Q,Q.T), eye(4)) + # assert_array_almost_equal(abs(Z), abs(np.array([ + # [0.9961, -0.0014, 0.0887, -0.0026], + # [0.0057, -0.0404, -0.0938, -0.9948], + # [0.0626, 0.7194, -0.6908, 0.0363], + # [0.0626, -0.6934, -0.7114, 0.0956]])), 4) + # assert_array_almost_equal(dot(Z,Z.T), eye(4)) + + # def test_qz_complex_sort(self): + # cA = np.array([ + # [-21.10+22.50*1j, 53.50+-50.50*1j, -34.50+127.50*1j, 7.50+ 0.50*1j], + # [-0.46+ -7.78*1j, -3.50+-37.50*1j, -15.50+ 58.50*1j,-10.50+ -1.50*1j], + # [ 4.30+ -5.50*1j, 39.70+-17.10*1j, -68.50+ 12.50*1j, -7.50+ -3.50*1j], + # [ 5.50+ 4.40*1j, 14.40+ 43.30*1j, -32.50+-46.00*1j,-19.00+-32.50*1j]]) + + # cB = np.array([ + # [1.00+ -5.00*1j, 1.60+ 1.20*1j,-3.00+ 0.00*1j, 0.00+ -1.00*1j], + # [0.80+ -0.60*1j, 3.00+ -5.00*1j,-4.00+ 3.00*1j,-2.40+ -3.20*1j], + # [1.00+ 0.00*1j, 2.40+ 1.80*1j,-4.00+ -5.00*1j, 0.00+ -3.00*1j], + # [0.00+ 1.00*1j,-1.80+ 2.40*1j, 0.00+ -4.00*1j, 4.00+ -5.00*1j]]) + + # AAS,BBS,QS,ZS,sdim = qz(cA,cB,sort='lhp') + + # eigenvalues = diag(AAS)/diag(BBS) + # assert_(np.all(np.real(eigenvalues[:sdim] < 0))) + # assert_(np.all(np.real(eigenvalues[sdim:] > 0))) + + def test_check_finite(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + n = 5 + A = rng.random([n, n]) + B = rng.random([n, n]) + AA, BB, Q, Z = qz(A, B, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA @ Z.T, A) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB @ Z.T, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.T, eye(n)) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.T, eye(n)) + assert_(np.all(diag(BB) >= 0)) + + +class TestOrdQZ: + @classmethod + def setup_class(cls): + # https://www.nag.com/lapack-ex/node119.html + A1 = np.array([[-21.10 - 22.50j, 53.5 - 50.5j, -34.5 + 127.5j, + 7.5 + 0.5j], + [-0.46 - 7.78j, -3.5 - 37.5j, -15.5 + 58.5j, + -10.5 - 1.5j], + [4.30 - 5.50j, 39.7 - 17.1j, -68.5 + 12.5j, + -7.5 - 3.5j], + [5.50 + 4.40j, 14.4 + 43.3j, -32.5 - 46.0j, + -19.0 - 32.5j]]) + + B1 = np.array([[1.0 - 5.0j, 1.6 + 1.2j, -3 + 0j, 0.0 - 1.0j], + [0.8 - 0.6j, .0 - 5.0j, -4 + 3j, -2.4 - 3.2j], + [1.0 + 0.0j, 2.4 + 1.8j, -4 - 5j, 0.0 - 3.0j], + [0.0 + 1.0j, -1.8 + 2.4j, 0 - 4j, 4.0 - 5.0j]]) + + # https://www.nag.com/numeric/fl/nagdoc_fl23/xhtml/F08/f08yuf.xml + A2 = np.array([[3.9, 12.5, -34.5, -0.5], + [4.3, 21.5, -47.5, 7.5], + [4.3, 21.5, -43.5, 3.5], + [4.4, 26.0, -46.0, 6.0]]) + + B2 = np.array([[1, 2, -3, 1], + [1, 3, -5, 4], + [1, 3, -4, 3], + [1, 3, -4, 4]]) + + # example with the eigenvalues + # -0.33891648, 1.61217396+0.74013521j, 1.61217396-0.74013521j, + # 0.61244091 + # thus featuring: + # * one complex conjugate eigenvalue pair, + # * one eigenvalue in the lhp + # * 2 eigenvalues in the unit circle + # * 2 non-real eigenvalues + A3 = np.array([[5., 1., 3., 3.], + [4., 4., 2., 7.], + [7., 4., 1., 3.], + [0., 4., 8., 7.]]) + B3 = np.array([[8., 10., 6., 10.], + [7., 7., 2., 9.], + [9., 1., 6., 6.], + [5., 1., 4., 7.]]) + + # example with infinite eigenvalues + A4 = np.eye(2) + B4 = np.diag([0, 1]) + + # example with (alpha, beta) = (0, 0) + A5 = np.diag([1, 0]) + + cls.A = [A1, A2, A3, A4, A5] + cls.B = [B1, B2, B3, B4, A5] + + def qz_decomp(self, sort): + with np.errstate(all='raise'): + ret = [ordqz(Ai, Bi, sort=sort) for Ai, Bi in zip(self.A, self.B)] + return tuple(ret) + + def check(self, A, B, sort, AA, BB, alpha, beta, Q, Z): + Id = np.eye(*A.shape) + # make sure Q and Z are orthogonal + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ Q.T.conj(), Id) + assert_array_almost_equal(Z @ Z.T.conj(), Id) + # check factorization + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ AA, A @ Z) + assert_array_almost_equal(Q @ BB, B @ Z) + # check shape of AA and BB + assert_array_equal(np.tril(AA, -2), np.zeros(AA.shape)) + assert_array_equal(np.tril(BB, -1), np.zeros(BB.shape)) + # check eigenvalues + for i in range(A.shape[0]): + # does the current diagonal element belong to a 2-by-2 block + # that was already checked? + if i > 0 and A[i, i - 1] != 0: + continue + # take care of 2-by-2 blocks + if i < AA.shape[0] - 1 and AA[i + 1, i] != 0: + evals, _ = eig(AA[i:i + 2, i:i + 2], BB[i:i + 2, i:i + 2]) + # make sure the pair of complex conjugate eigenvalues + # is ordered consistently (positive imaginary part first) + if evals[0].imag < 0: + evals = evals[[1, 0]] + tmp = alpha[i:i + 2]/beta[i:i + 2] + if tmp[0].imag < 0: + tmp = tmp[[1, 0]] + assert_array_almost_equal(evals, tmp) + else: + if alpha[i] == 0 and beta[i] == 0: + assert_equal(AA[i, i], 0) + assert_equal(BB[i, i], 0) + elif beta[i] == 0: + assert_equal(BB[i, i], 0) + else: + assert_almost_equal(AA[i, i]/BB[i, i], alpha[i]/beta[i]) + sortfun = _select_function(sort) + lastsort = True + for i in range(A.shape[0]): + cursort = sortfun(np.array([alpha[i]]), np.array([beta[i]])) + # once the sorting criterion was not matched all subsequent + # eigenvalues also shouldn't match + if not lastsort: + assert not cursort + lastsort = cursort + + def check_all(self, sort): + ret = self.qz_decomp(sort) + + for reti, Ai, Bi in zip(ret, self.A, self.B): + self.check(Ai, Bi, sort, *reti) + + def test_lhp(self): + self.check_all('lhp') + + def test_rhp(self): + self.check_all('rhp') + + def test_iuc(self): + self.check_all('iuc') + + def test_ouc(self): + self.check_all('ouc') + + def test_ref(self): + # real eigenvalues first (top-left corner) + def sort(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + nonzero = (y != 0) + out[~nonzero] = False + out[nonzero] = (x[nonzero]/y[nonzero]).imag == 0 + return out + + self.check_all(sort) + + def test_cef(self): + # complex eigenvalues first (top-left corner) + def sort(x, y): + out = np.empty_like(x, dtype=bool) + nonzero = (y != 0) + out[~nonzero] = False + out[nonzero] = (x[nonzero]/y[nonzero]).imag != 0 + return out + + self.check_all(sort) + + def test_diff_input_types(self): + ret = ordqz(self.A[1], self.B[2], sort='lhp') + self.check(self.A[1], self.B[2], 'lhp', *ret) + + ret = ordqz(self.B[2], self.A[1], sort='lhp') + self.check(self.B[2], self.A[1], 'lhp', *ret) + + def test_sort_explicit(self): + # Test order of the eigenvalues in the 2 x 2 case where we can + # explicitly compute the solution + A1 = np.eye(2) + B1 = np.diag([-2, 0.5]) + expected1 = [('lhp', [-0.5, 2]), + ('rhp', [2, -0.5]), + ('iuc', [-0.5, 2]), + ('ouc', [2, -0.5])] + A2 = np.eye(2) + B2 = np.diag([-2 + 1j, 0.5 + 0.5j]) + expected2 = [('lhp', [1/(-2 + 1j), 1/(0.5 + 0.5j)]), + ('rhp', [1/(0.5 + 0.5j), 1/(-2 + 1j)]), + ('iuc', [1/(-2 + 1j), 1/(0.5 + 0.5j)]), + ('ouc', [1/(0.5 + 0.5j), 1/(-2 + 1j)])] + # 'lhp' is ambiguous so don't test it + A3 = np.eye(2) + B3 = np.diag([2, 0]) + expected3 = [('rhp', [0.5, np.inf]), + ('iuc', [0.5, np.inf]), + ('ouc', [np.inf, 0.5])] + # 'rhp' is ambiguous so don't test it + A4 = np.eye(2) + B4 = np.diag([-2, 0]) + expected4 = [('lhp', [-0.5, np.inf]), + ('iuc', [-0.5, np.inf]), + ('ouc', [np.inf, -0.5])] + A5 = np.diag([0, 1]) + B5 = np.diag([0, 0.5]) + # 'lhp' and 'iuc' are ambiguous so don't test them + expected5 = [('rhp', [2, np.nan]), + ('ouc', [2, np.nan])] + + A = [A1, A2, A3, A4, A5] + B = [B1, B2, B3, B4, B5] + expected = [expected1, expected2, expected3, expected4, expected5] + for Ai, Bi, expectedi in zip(A, B, expected): + for sortstr, expected_eigvals in expectedi: + _, _, alpha, beta, _, _ = ordqz(Ai, Bi, sort=sortstr) + azero = (alpha == 0) + bzero = (beta == 0) + x = np.empty_like(alpha) + x[azero & bzero] = np.nan + x[~azero & bzero] = np.inf + x[~bzero] = alpha[~bzero]/beta[~bzero] + assert_allclose(expected_eigvals, x) + + +class TestOrdQZWorkspaceSize: + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + def test_decompose(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + N = 202 + # raises error if lwork parameter to dtrsen is too small + for ddtype in [np.float32, np.float64]: + A = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + B = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + # sort = lambda ar, ai, b: ar**2 + ai**2 < b**2 + _ = ordqz(A, B, sort=lambda alpha, beta: alpha < beta, + output='real') + + for ddtype in [np.complex128, np.complex64]: + A = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + B = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + _ = ordqz(A, B, sort=lambda alpha, beta: alpha < beta, + output='complex') + + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_decompose_ouc(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + N = 202 + # segfaults if lwork parameter to dtrsen is too small + for ddtype in [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex128, np.complex64]: + A = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + B = rng.random((N, N)).astype(ddtype) + S, T, alpha, beta, U, V = ordqz(A, B, sort='ouc') + + +class TestDatacopied: + + def test_datacopied(self): + from scipy.linalg._decomp import _datacopied + + M = matrix([[0, 1], [2, 3]]) + A = asarray(M) + L = M.tolist() + M2 = M.copy() + + class Fake1: + def __array__(self, dtype=None, copy=None): + return A + + class Fake2: + __array_interface__ = A.__array_interface__ + + F1 = Fake1() + F2 = Fake2() + + for item, status in [(M, False), (A, False), (L, True), + (M2, False), (F1, False), (F2, False)]: + arr = asarray(item) + assert_equal(_datacopied(arr, item), status, + err_msg=repr(item)) + + +def test_aligned_mem_float(): + """Check linalg works with non-aligned memory (float32)""" + # Allocate 402 bytes of memory (allocated on boundary) + a = arange(402, dtype=np.uint8) + + # Create an array with boundary offset 4 + z = np.frombuffer(a.data, offset=2, count=100, dtype=float32) + z = z.reshape((10, 10)) + + eig(z, overwrite_a=True) + eig(z.T, overwrite_a=True) + + +@pytest.mark.skipif(platform.machine() == 'ppc64le', + reason="crashes on ppc64le") +def test_aligned_mem(): + """Check linalg works with non-aligned memory (float64)""" + # Allocate 804 bytes of memory (allocated on boundary) + a = arange(804, dtype=np.uint8) + + # Create an array with boundary offset 4 + z = np.frombuffer(a.data, offset=4, count=100, dtype=float) + z = z.reshape((10, 10)) + + eig(z, overwrite_a=True) + eig(z.T, overwrite_a=True) + + +def test_aligned_mem_complex(): + """Check that complex objects don't need to be completely aligned""" + # Allocate 1608 bytes of memory (allocated on boundary) + a = zeros(1608, dtype=np.uint8) + + # Create an array with boundary offset 8 + z = np.frombuffer(a.data, offset=8, count=100, dtype=complex) + z = z.reshape((10, 10)) + + eig(z, overwrite_a=True) + # This does not need special handling + eig(z.T, overwrite_a=True) + + +def check_lapack_misaligned(func, args, kwargs): + args = list(args) + for i in range(len(args)): + a = args[:] + if isinstance(a[i], np.ndarray): + # Try misaligning a[i] + aa = np.zeros(a[i].size*a[i].dtype.itemsize+8, dtype=np.uint8) + aa = np.frombuffer(aa.data, offset=4, count=a[i].size, + dtype=a[i].dtype) + aa = aa.reshape(a[i].shape) + aa[...] = a[i] + a[i] = aa + func(*a, **kwargs) + if len(a[i].shape) > 1: + a[i] = a[i].T + func(*a, **kwargs) + + +@pytest.mark.xfail(run=False, + reason="Ticket #1152, triggers a segfault in rare cases.") +def test_lapack_misaligned(): + M = np.eye(10, dtype=float) + R = np.arange(100).reshape((10, 10)) + S = np.arange(20000, dtype=np.uint8) + S = np.frombuffer(S.data, offset=4, count=100, dtype=float) + S = S.reshape((10, 10)) + b = np.ones(10) + LU, piv = lu_factor(S) + for (func, args, kwargs) in [ + (eig, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (eigvals, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (lu, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (lu_factor, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (lu_solve, ((LU, piv), b), dict(overwrite_b=True)), + (solve, (S, b), dict(overwrite_a=True, overwrite_b=True)), + (svd, (M,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (svd, (R,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (svd, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (svdvals, (S,), dict()), # no crash + (svdvals, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (cholesky, (M,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # no crash + (qr, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (rq, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (hessenberg, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + (schur, (S,), dict(overwrite_a=True)), # crash + ]: + check_lapack_misaligned(func, args, kwargs) +# not properly tested +# cholesky, rsf2csf, lu_solve, solve, eig_banded, eigvals_banded, eigh, diagsvd + + +class TestOverwrite: + def test_eig(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eig, [(3, 3)]) + assert_no_overwrite(eig, [(3, 3), (3, 3)]) + + def test_eigh(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eigh, [(3, 3)]) + assert_no_overwrite(eigh, [(3, 3), (3, 3)]) + + def test_eig_banded(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eig_banded, [(3, 2)]) + + def test_eigvals(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eigvals, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_eigvalsh(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eigvalsh, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_eigvals_banded(self): + assert_no_overwrite(eigvals_banded, [(3, 2)]) + + def test_hessenberg(self): + assert_no_overwrite(hessenberg, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_lu_factor(self): + assert_no_overwrite(lu_factor, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_lu_solve(self): + x = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 8]]) + xlu = lu_factor(x) + assert_no_overwrite(lambda b: lu_solve(xlu, b), [(3,)]) + + def test_lu(self): + assert_no_overwrite(lu, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_qr(self): + assert_no_overwrite(qr, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_rq(self): + assert_no_overwrite(rq, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_schur(self): + assert_no_overwrite(schur, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_schur_complex(self): + assert_no_overwrite(lambda a: schur(a, 'complex'), [(3, 3)], + dtypes=[np.float32, np.float64]) + + def test_svd(self): + assert_no_overwrite(svd, [(3, 3)]) + assert_no_overwrite(lambda a: svd(a, lapack_driver='gesvd'), [(3, 3)]) + + def test_svdvals(self): + assert_no_overwrite(svdvals, [(3, 3)]) + + +def _check_orth(n, dtype, skip_big=False): + X = np.ones((n, 2), dtype=float).astype(dtype) + + eps = np.finfo(dtype).eps + tol = 1000 * eps + + Y = orth(X) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, 1)) + assert_allclose(Y, Y.mean(), atol=tol, rtol=1.4e-7) + + Y = orth(X.T) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (2, 1)) + assert_allclose(Y, Y.mean(), atol=tol) + + if n > 5 and not skip_big: + rng = np.random.RandomState(1) + X = rng.rand(n, 5) @ rng.rand(5, n) + X = X + 1e-4 * rng.rand(n, 1) @ rng.rand(1, n) + X = X.astype(dtype) + + Y = orth(X, rcond=1e-3) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, 5)) + + Y = orth(X, rcond=1e-6) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, 5 + 1)) + + +@pytest.mark.slow +@pytest.mark.skipif(np.dtype(np.intp).itemsize < 8, + reason="test only on 64-bit, else too slow") +def test_orth_memory_efficiency(): + # Pick n so that 16*n bytes is reasonable but 8*n*n bytes is unreasonable. + # Keep in mind that @pytest.mark.slow tests are likely to be running + # under configurations that support 4Gb+ memory for tests related to + # 32 bit overflow. + n = 10*1000*1000 + try: + _check_orth(n, np.float64, skip_big=True) + except MemoryError as e: + raise AssertionError( + 'memory error perhaps caused by orth regression' + ) from e + + +def test_orth(): + dtypes = [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128] + sizes = [1, 2, 3, 10, 100] + for dt, n in itertools.product(dtypes, sizes): + _check_orth(n, dt) + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) +def test_orth_empty(dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + a0 = np.eye(2, dtype=dt) + + oa = orth(a) + assert oa.dtype == orth(a0).dtype + assert oa.shape == (0, 0) + + +class TestNullSpace: + def test_null_space(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1) + + dtypes = [np.float32, np.float64, np.complex64, np.complex128] + sizes = [1, 2, 3, 10, 100] + + for dt, n in itertools.product(dtypes, sizes): + X = np.ones((2, n), dtype=dt) + + eps = np.finfo(dt).eps + tol = 1000 * eps + + Y = null_space(X) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, n-1)) + assert_allclose(X @ Y, 0, atol=tol) + + Y = null_space(X.T) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (2, 1)) + assert_allclose(X.T @ Y, 0, atol=tol) + + X = rng.randn(1 + n//2, n) + Y = null_space(X) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, n - 1 - n//2)) + assert_allclose(X @ Y, 0, atol=tol) + + if n > 5: + rng = np.random.RandomState(1) + X = rng.rand(n, 5) @ rng.rand(5, n) + X = X + 1e-4 * rng.rand(n, 1) @ rng.rand(1, n) + X = X.astype(dt) + + Y = null_space(X, rcond=1e-3) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, n - 5)) + + Y = null_space(X, rcond=1e-6) + assert_equal(Y.shape, (n, n - 6)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_null_space_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + a0 = np.eye(2, dtype=dt) + nsa = null_space(a) + + assert nsa.shape == (0, 0) + assert nsa.dtype == null_space(a0).dtype + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("overwrite_a", [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("check_finite", [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("lapack_driver", ["gesdd", "gesvd"]) + def test_null_space_options(self, overwrite_a, check_finite, lapack_driver): + rng = np.random.default_rng(42887289350573064398746) + n = 10 + X = rng.standard_normal((1 + n//2, n)) + Y = null_space(X.copy(), overwrite_a=overwrite_a, check_finite=check_finite, + lapack_driver=lapack_driver) + assert_allclose(X @ Y, 0, atol=np.finfo(X.dtype).eps*100) + + +def test_subspace_angles(): + H = hadamard(8, float) + A = H[:, :3] + B = H[:, 3:] + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(A, B), [np.pi / 2.] * 3, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(B, A), [np.pi / 2.] * 3, atol=1e-14) + for x in (A, B): + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x, x), np.zeros(x.shape[1]), + atol=1e-14) + # From MATLAB function "subspace", which effectively only returns the + # last value that we calculate + x = np.array( + [[0.537667139546100, 0.318765239858981, 3.578396939725760, 0.725404224946106], # noqa: E501 + [1.833885014595086, -1.307688296305273, 2.769437029884877, -0.063054873189656], # noqa: E501 + [-2.258846861003648, -0.433592022305684, -1.349886940156521, 0.714742903826096], # noqa: E501 + [0.862173320368121, 0.342624466538650, 3.034923466331855, -0.204966058299775]]) # noqa: E501 + expected = 1.481454682101605 + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, :2], x[:, 2:])[0], expected, + rtol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, 2:], x[:, :2])[0], expected, + rtol=1e-12) + expected = 0.746361174247302 + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, :2], x[:, [2]]), expected, rtol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, [2]], x[:, :2]), expected, rtol=1e-12) + expected = 0.487163718534313 + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, :3], x[:, [3]]), expected, rtol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, [3]], x[:, :3]), expected, rtol=1e-12) + expected = 0.328950515907756 + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(x[:, :2], x[:, 1:]), [expected, 0], + atol=1e-12) + # Degenerate conditions + assert_raises(ValueError, subspace_angles, x[0], x) + assert_raises(ValueError, subspace_angles, x, x[0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, subspace_angles, x[:-1], x) + + # Test branch if mask.any is True: + A = np.array([[1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0]]) + B = np.array([[1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1]]) + expected = np.array([np.pi/2, 0, 0]) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(A, B), expected, rtol=1e-12) + + # Complex + # second column in "b" does not affect result, just there so that + # b can have more cols than a, and vice-versa (both conditional code paths) + a = [[1 + 1j], [0]] + b = [[1 - 1j, 0], [0, 1]] + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(a, b), 0., atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(b, a), 0., atol=1e-14) + + # Empty + a = np.empty((0, 0)) + b = np.empty((0, 0)) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(a, b), np.empty((0,))) + a = np.empty((2, 0)) + b = np.empty((2, 0)) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(a, b), np.empty((0,))) + a = np.empty((0, 2)) + b = np.empty((0, 3)) + assert_allclose(subspace_angles(a, b), np.empty((0,))) + + +class TestCDF2RDF: + + def matmul(self, a, b): + return np.einsum('...ij,...jk->...ik', a, b) + + def assert_eig_valid(self, w, v, x): + assert_array_almost_equal( + self.matmul(v, w), + self.matmul(x, v) + ) + + def test_single_array0x0real(self): + # eig doesn't support 0x0 in old versions of numpy + X = np.empty((0, 0)) + w, v = np.empty(0), np.empty((0, 0)) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_single_array2x2_real(self): + X = np.array([[1, 2], [3, -1]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_single_array2x2_complex(self): + X = np.array([[1, 2], [-2, 1]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_single_array3x3_real(self): + X = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_single_array3x3_complex(self): + X = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [0, -5, 4]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_random_1d_stacked_arrays(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + # cannot test M == 0 due to bug in old numpy + for M in range(1, 7): + X = rng.random((100, M, M)) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_random_2d_stacked_arrays(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + # cannot test M == 0 due to bug in old numpy + for M in range(1, 7): + X = rng.random((10, 10, M, M)) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + wr, vr = cdf2rdf(w, v) + self.assert_eig_valid(wr, vr, X) + + def test_low_dimensionality_error(self): + w, v = np.empty(()), np.array((2,)) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, w, v) + + def test_not_square_error(self): + # Check that passing a non-square array raises a ValueError. + w, v = np.arange(3), np.arange(6).reshape(3, 2) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, w, v) + + def test_swapped_v_w_error(self): + # Check that exchanging places of w and v raises ValueError. + X = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [0, 4, 5], [0, -5, 4]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, v, w) + + def test_non_associated_error(self): + # Check that passing non-associated eigenvectors raises a ValueError. + w, v = np.arange(3), np.arange(16).reshape(4, 4) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, w, v) + + def test_not_conjugate_pairs(self): + # Check that passing non-conjugate pairs raises a ValueError. + X = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6+1j]]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, w, v) + + # different arrays in the stack, so not conjugate + X = np.array([ + [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6+1j]], + [[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6-1j]], + ]) + w, v = np.linalg.eig(X) + assert_raises(ValueError, cdf2rdf, w, v) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cholesky.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cholesky.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..61bbc7e544f10fc834034fbadd7141f6deb1d423 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cholesky.py @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from numpy import array, transpose, dot, conjugate, zeros_like, empty +from numpy.random import random +from scipy.linalg import (cholesky, cholesky_banded, cho_solve_banded, + cho_factor, cho_solve) + +from scipy.linalg._testutils import assert_no_overwrite + + +class TestCholesky: + + def test_simple(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [3, 3, 6]] + c = cholesky(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(transpose(c), c), a) + c = transpose(c) + a = dot(c, transpose(c)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cholesky(a, lower=1), c) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = [[8, 2, 3], [2, 9, 3], [3, 3, 6]] + c = cholesky(a, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(dot(transpose(c), c), a) + c = transpose(c) + a = dot(c, transpose(c)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cholesky(a, lower=1, check_finite=False), c) + + def test_simple_complex(self): + m = array([[3+1j, 3+4j, 5], [0, 2+2j, 2+7j], [0, 0, 7+4j]]) + a = dot(transpose(conjugate(m)), m) + c = cholesky(a) + a1 = dot(transpose(conjugate(c)), c) + assert_array_almost_equal(a, a1) + c = transpose(c) + a = dot(c, transpose(conjugate(c))) + assert_array_almost_equal(cholesky(a, lower=1), c) + + def test_random(self): + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + m = random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + m[i, i] = 20*(.1+m[i, i]) + a = dot(transpose(m), m) + c = cholesky(a) + a1 = dot(transpose(c), c) + assert_array_almost_equal(a, a1) + c = transpose(c) + a = dot(c, transpose(c)) + assert_array_almost_equal(cholesky(a, lower=1), c) + + def test_random_complex(self): + n = 20 + for k in range(2): + m = random([n, n])+1j*random([n, n]) + for i in range(n): + m[i, i] = 20*(.1+abs(m[i, i])) + a = dot(transpose(conjugate(m)), m) + c = cholesky(a) + a1 = dot(transpose(conjugate(c)), c) + assert_array_almost_equal(a, a1) + c = transpose(c) + a = dot(c, transpose(conjugate(c))) + assert_array_almost_equal(cholesky(a, lower=1), c) + + @pytest.mark.xslow + def test_int_overflow(self): + # regression test for + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/17436 + # the problem was an int overflow in zeroing out + # the unused triangular part + n = 47_000 + x = np.eye(n, dtype=np.float64, order='F') + x[:4, :4] = np.array([[4, -2, 3, -1], + [-2, 4, -3, 1], + [3, -3, 5, 0], + [-1, 1, 0, 5]]) + + cholesky(x, check_finite=False, overwrite_a=True) # should not segfault + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt, dt_b): + a = empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + + c = cholesky(a) + assert c.shape == (0, 0) + assert c.dtype == cholesky(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)).dtype + + c_and_lower = (c, True) + b = np.asarray([], dtype=dt_b) + x = cho_solve(c_and_lower, b) + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert x.dtype == cho_solve((np.eye(2, dtype=dt), True), + np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + b = empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x = cho_solve(c_and_lower, b) + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + assert x.dtype == cho_solve((np.eye(2, dtype=dt), True), + np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + a1 = array([]) + a2 = array([[]]) + a3 = [] + a4 = [[]] + for x in ([a1, a2, a3, a4]): + assert_raises(ValueError, cholesky, x) + + +class TestCholeskyBanded: + """Tests for cholesky_banded() and cho_solve_banded.""" + + def test_check_finite(self): + # Symmetric positive definite banded matrix `a` + a = array([[4.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 4.0, 0.5, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 4.0, 0.2], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 4.0]]) + # Banded storage form of `a`. + ab = array([[-1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.2], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + c = cholesky_banded(ab, lower=False, check_finite=False) + ufac = zeros_like(a) + ufac[list(range(4)), list(range(4))] = c[-1] + ufac[(0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3)] = c[0, 1:] + assert_array_almost_equal(a, dot(ufac.T, ufac)) + + b = array([0.0, 0.5, 4.2, 4.2]) + x = cho_solve_banded((c, False), b, check_finite=False) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + def test_upper_real(self): + # Symmetric positive definite banded matrix `a` + a = array([[4.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 4.0, 0.5, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 4.0, 0.2], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 4.0]]) + # Banded storage form of `a`. + ab = array([[-1.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.2], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + c = cholesky_banded(ab, lower=False) + ufac = zeros_like(a) + ufac[list(range(4)), list(range(4))] = c[-1] + ufac[(0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3)] = c[0, 1:] + assert_array_almost_equal(a, dot(ufac.T, ufac)) + + b = array([0.0, 0.5, 4.2, 4.2]) + x = cho_solve_banded((c, False), b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + def test_upper_complex(self): + # Hermitian positive definite banded matrix `a` + a = array([[4.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 4.0, 0.5, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 4.0, -0.2j], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.2j, 4.0]]) + # Banded storage form of `a`. + ab = array([[-1.0, 1.0, 0.5, -0.2j], + [4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0]]) + c = cholesky_banded(ab, lower=False) + ufac = zeros_like(a) + ufac[list(range(4)), list(range(4))] = c[-1] + ufac[(0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 3)] = c[0, 1:] + assert_array_almost_equal(a, dot(ufac.conj().T, ufac)) + + b = array([0.0, 0.5, 4.0-0.2j, 0.2j + 4.0]) + x = cho_solve_banded((c, False), b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + def test_lower_real(self): + # Symmetric positive definite banded matrix `a` + a = array([[4.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 4.0, 0.5, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 4.0, 0.2], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.2, 4.0]]) + # Banded storage form of `a`. + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 0.5, 0.2, -1.0]]) + c = cholesky_banded(ab, lower=True) + lfac = zeros_like(a) + lfac[list(range(4)), list(range(4))] = c[0] + lfac[(1, 2, 3), (0, 1, 2)] = c[1, :3] + assert_array_almost_equal(a, dot(lfac, lfac.T)) + + b = array([0.0, 0.5, 4.2, 4.2]) + x = cho_solve_banded((c, True), b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0]) + + def test_lower_complex(self): + # Hermitian positive definite banded matrix `a` + a = array([[4.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [1.0, 4.0, 0.5, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 4.0, -0.2j], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.2j, 4.0]]) + # Banded storage form of `a`. + ab = array([[4.0, 4.0, 4.0, 4.0], + [1.0, 0.5, 0.2j, -1.0]]) + c = cholesky_banded(ab, lower=True) + lfac = zeros_like(a) + lfac[list(range(4)), list(range(4))] = c[0] + lfac[(1, 2, 3), (0, 1, 2)] = c[1, :3] + assert_array_almost_equal(a, dot(lfac, lfac.conj().T)) + + b = array([0.0, 0.5j, 3.8j, 3.8]) + x = cho_solve_banded((c, True), b) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, [0.0, 0.0, 1.0j, 1.0]) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt, dt_b): + ab = empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + + cb = cholesky_banded(ab) + assert cb.shape == (0, 0) + + m = cholesky_banded(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]], dtype=dt)) + assert cb.dtype == m.dtype + + cb_and_lower = (cb, True) + b = np.asarray([], dtype=dt_b) + x = cho_solve_banded(cb_and_lower, b) + assert x.shape == (0,) + + dtype_nonempty = cho_solve_banded((m, True), np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + assert x.dtype == dtype_nonempty + + b = empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x = cho_solve_banded(cb_and_lower, b) + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + assert x.dtype == dtype_nonempty + + +class TestOverwrite: + def test_cholesky(self): + assert_no_overwrite(cholesky, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_cho_factor(self): + assert_no_overwrite(cho_factor, [(3, 3)]) + + def test_cho_solve(self): + x = array([[2, -1, 0], [-1, 2, -1], [0, -1, 2]]) + xcho = cho_factor(x) + assert_no_overwrite(lambda b: cho_solve(xcho, b), [(3,)]) + + def test_cholesky_banded(self): + assert_no_overwrite(cholesky_banded, [(2, 3)]) + + def test_cho_solve_banded(self): + x = array([[0, -1, -1], [2, 2, 2]]) + xcho = cholesky_banded(x) + assert_no_overwrite(lambda b: cho_solve_banded((xcho, False), b), + [(3,)]) + +class TestChoFactor: + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + x, lower = cho_factor(a) + + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + + xx, lower = cho_factor(np.eye(2, dtype=dt)) + assert x.dtype == xx.dtype diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cossin.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cossin.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c43d3e643d3ff6f8745386113d8a08091cb01c64 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_cossin.py @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.random import default_rng +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose + +from scipy import linalg +from scipy.linalg.lapack import _compute_lwork +from scipy.stats import ortho_group, unitary_group +from scipy.linalg import cossin, get_lapack_funcs + +REAL_DTYPES = (np.float32, np.float64) +COMPLEX_DTYPES = (np.complex64, np.complex128) +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype_', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('m, p, q', + [ + (2, 1, 1), + (3, 2, 1), + (3, 1, 2), + (4, 2, 2), + (4, 1, 2), + (40, 12, 20), + (40, 30, 1), + (40, 1, 30), + (100, 50, 1), + (100, 50, 50), + ]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('swap_sign', [True, False]) +def test_cossin(dtype_, m, p, q, swap_sign): + rng = default_rng(1708093570726217) + if dtype_ in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + x = np.array(unitary_group.rvs(m, random_state=rng), dtype=dtype_) + else: + x = np.array(ortho_group.rvs(m, random_state=rng), dtype=dtype_) + + u, cs, vh = cossin(x, p, q, + swap_sign=swap_sign) + assert_allclose(x, u @ cs @ vh, rtol=0., atol=m*1e3*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + assert u.dtype == dtype_ + # Test for float32 or float 64 + assert cs.dtype == np.real(u).dtype + assert vh.dtype == dtype_ + + u, cs, vh = cossin([x[:p, :q], x[:p, q:], x[p:, :q], x[p:, q:]], + swap_sign=swap_sign) + assert_allclose(x, u @ cs @ vh, rtol=0., atol=m*1e3*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + assert u.dtype == dtype_ + assert cs.dtype == np.real(u).dtype + assert vh.dtype == dtype_ + + _, cs2, vh2 = cossin(x, p, q, + compute_u=False, + swap_sign=swap_sign) + assert_allclose(cs, cs2, rtol=0., atol=10*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + assert_allclose(vh, vh2, rtol=0., atol=10*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + + u2, cs2, _ = cossin(x, p, q, + compute_vh=False, + swap_sign=swap_sign) + assert_allclose(u, u2, rtol=0., atol=10*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + assert_allclose(cs, cs2, rtol=0., atol=10*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + + _, cs2, _ = cossin(x, p, q, + compute_u=False, + compute_vh=False, + swap_sign=swap_sign) + assert_allclose(cs, cs2, rtol=0., atol=10*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + + +def test_cossin_mixed_types(): + rng = default_rng(1708093736390459) + x = np.array(ortho_group.rvs(4, random_state=rng), dtype=np.float64) + u, cs, vh = cossin([x[:2, :2], + np.array(x[:2, 2:], dtype=np.complex128), + x[2:, :2], + x[2:, 2:]]) + + assert u.dtype == np.complex128 + assert cs.dtype == np.float64 + assert vh.dtype == np.complex128 + assert_allclose(x, u @ cs @ vh, rtol=0., + atol=1e4 * np.finfo(np.complex128).eps) + + +def test_cossin_error_incorrect_subblocks(): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="be due to missing p, q arguments."): + cossin(([1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7], [8, 9, 10])) + + +def test_cossin_error_empty_subblocks(): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="x11.*empty"): + cossin(([], [], [], [])) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="x12.*empty"): + cossin(([1, 2], [], [6, 7], [8, 9, 10])) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="x21.*empty"): + cossin(([1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [], [8, 9, 10])) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="x22.*empty"): + cossin(([1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [2], [])) + + +def test_cossin_error_missing_partitioning(): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=".*exactly four arrays.* got 2"): + cossin(unitary_group.rvs(2)) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=".*might be due to missing p, q"): + cossin(unitary_group.rvs(4)) + + +def test_cossin_error_non_iterable(): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="containing the subblocks of X"): + cossin(12j) + +def test_cossin_error_invalid_shape(): + # Invalid x12 dimensions + p, q = 3, 4 + invalid_x12 = np.ones((p, q + 2)) + valid_ones = np.ones((p, q)) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, + match=r"Invalid x12 dimensions: desired \(3, 4\), got \(3, 6\)"): + cossin((valid_ones, invalid_x12, valid_ones, valid_ones)) + + # Invalid x21 dimensions + invalid_x21 = np.ones(p + 2) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, + match=r"Invalid x21 dimensions: desired \(3, 4\), got \(1, 5\)"): + cossin((valid_ones, valid_ones, invalid_x21, valid_ones)) + +def test_cossin_error_non_square(): + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="only supports square"): + cossin(np.array([[1, 2]]), 1, 1) + + +def test_cossin_error_partitioning(): + x = np.array(ortho_group.rvs(4), dtype=np.float64) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="invalid p=0.*0= m) or (q >= m): + pytest.skip("`0 < p < m` and `0 < q < m` must hold") + + # Generate unitary input + rng = np.random.default_rng(329548272348596421) + X = unitary_group.rvs(m, random_state=rng) + np.testing.assert_allclose(X @ X.conj().T, np.eye(m), atol=1e-15) + + # Perform the decomposition + u0, cs0, vh0 = linalg.cossin(X, p=p, q=q, separate=True, swap_sign=swap_sign) + u1, u2 = u0 + v1, v2 = vh0 + v1, v2 = v1.conj().T, v2.conj().T + + # "U1, U2, V1, V2 are square orthogonal/unitary matrices + # of dimensions (p,p), (m-p,m-p), (q,q), and (m-q,m-q) respectively" + np.testing.assert_allclose(u1 @ u1.conj().T, np.eye(p), atol=1e-13) + np.testing.assert_allclose(u2 @ u2.conj().T, np.eye(m-p), atol=1e-13) + np.testing.assert_allclose(v1 @ v1.conj().T, np.eye(q), atol=1e-13) + np.testing.assert_allclose(v2 @ v2.conj().T, np.eye(m-q), atol=1e-13) + + # "and C and S are (r, r) nonnegative diagonal matrices..." + C = np.diag(np.cos(cs0)) + S = np.diag(np.sin(cs0)) + # "...satisfying C^2 + S^2 = I where r = min(p, m-p, q, m-q)." + r = min(p, m-p, q, m-q) + np.testing.assert_allclose(C**2 + S**2, np.eye(r)) + + # "Moreover, the rank of the identity matrices are + # min(p, q) - r, min(p, m - q) - r, min(m - p, q) - r, + # and min(m - p, m - q) - r respectively." + I11 = np.eye(min(p, q) - r) + I12 = np.eye(min(p, m - q) - r) + I21 = np.eye(min(m - p, q) - r) + I22 = np.eye(min(m - p, m - q) - r) + + # From: + # ┌ ┐ + # │ I 0 0 │ 0 0 0 │ + # ┌ ┐ ┌ ┐│ 0 C 0 │ 0 -S 0 │┌ ┐* + # │ X11 │ X12 │ │ U1 │ ││ 0 0 0 │ 0 0 -I ││ V1 │ │ + # │ ────┼──── │ = │────┼────││─────────┼─────────││────┼────│ + # │ X21 │ X22 │ │ │ U2 ││ 0 0 0 │ I 0 0 ││ │ V2 │ + # └ ┘ └ ┘│ 0 S 0 │ 0 C 0 │└ ┘ + # │ 0 0 I │ 0 0 0 │ + # └ ┘ + + # We can see that U and V are block diagonal matrices like so: + U = linalg.block_diag(u1, u2) + V = linalg.block_diag(v1, v2) + + # And the center matrix, which we'll call Q here, must be: + Q11 = np.zeros((u1.shape[1], v1.shape[0])) + IC11 = linalg.block_diag(I11, C) + Q11[:IC11.shape[0], :IC11.shape[1]] = IC11 + + Q12 = np.zeros((u1.shape[1], v2.shape[0])) + SI12 = linalg.block_diag(S, I12) if swap_sign else linalg.block_diag(-S, -I12) + Q12[-SI12.shape[0]:, -SI12.shape[1]:] = SI12 + + Q21 = np.zeros((u2.shape[1], v1.shape[0])) + SI21 = linalg.block_diag(-S, -I21) if swap_sign else linalg.block_diag(S, I21) + Q21[-SI21.shape[0]:, -SI21.shape[1]:] = SI21 + + Q22 = np.zeros((u2.shape[1], v2.shape[0])) + IC22 = linalg.block_diag(I22, C) + Q22[:IC22.shape[0], :IC22.shape[1]] = IC22 + + Q = np.block([[Q11, Q12], [Q21, Q22]]) + + # Confirm that `cossin` decomposes `X` as shown + np.testing.assert_allclose(X, U @ Q @ V.conj().T) + + # And check that `separate=False` agrees + U0, CS0, Vh0 = linalg.cossin(X, p=p, q=q, swap_sign=swap_sign) + np.testing.assert_allclose(U, U0) + np.testing.assert_allclose(Q, CS0) + np.testing.assert_allclose(V, Vh0.conj().T) + + # Confirm that `compute_u`/`compute_vh` don't affect the results + kwargs = dict(p=p, q=q, swap_sign=swap_sign) + + # `compute_u=False` + u, cs, vh = linalg.cossin(X, separate=True, compute_u=False, **kwargs) + assert u[0].shape == (0, 0) # probably not ideal, but this is what it does + assert u[1].shape == (0, 0) + assert_allclose(cs, cs0, rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(vh[0], vh0[0], rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(vh[1], vh0[1], rtol=1e-15) + + U, CS, Vh = linalg.cossin(X, compute_u=False, **kwargs) + assert U.shape == (0, 0) + assert_allclose(CS, CS0, rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(Vh, Vh0, rtol=1e-15) + + # `compute_vh=False` + u, cs, vh = linalg.cossin(X, separate=True, compute_vh=False, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(u[0], u[0], rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(u[1], u[1], rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(cs, cs0, rtol=1e-15) + assert vh[0].shape == (0, 0) + assert vh[1].shape == (0, 0) + + U, CS, Vh = linalg.cossin(X, compute_vh=False, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(U, U0, rtol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(CS, CS0, rtol=1e-15) + assert Vh.shape == (0, 0) + + # `compute_u=False, compute_vh=False` + u, cs, vh = linalg.cossin(X, separate=True, compute_u=False, + compute_vh=False, **kwargs) + assert u[0].shape == (0, 0) + assert u[1].shape == (0, 0) + assert_allclose(cs, cs0, rtol=1e-15) + assert vh[0].shape == (0, 0) + assert vh[1].shape == (0, 0) + + U, CS, Vh = linalg.cossin(X, compute_u=False, compute_vh=False, **kwargs) + assert U.shape == (0, 0) + assert_allclose(CS, CS0, rtol=1e-15) + assert Vh.shape == (0, 0) + + +def test_indexing_bug_gh19365(): + # Regression test for gh-19365, which reported a bug with `separate=False` + rng = np.random.default_rng(32954827234421) + m = rng.integers(50, high=100) + p = rng.integers(10, 40) # always p < m + q = rng.integers(m - p + 1, m - 1) # always m-p < q < m + X = unitary_group.rvs(m, random_state=rng) # random unitary matrix + U, D, Vt = linalg.cossin(X, p=p, q=q, separate=False) + assert np.allclose(U @ D @ Vt, X) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_ldl.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_ldl.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..878b405096e353334d027edd07d799c3704f0a74 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_ldl.py @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose, assert_ +from numpy import (array, eye, zeros, empty_like, empty, tril_indices_from, + tril, triu_indices_from, spacing, float32, float64, + complex64, complex128) +from numpy.exceptions import ComplexWarning +from scipy.linalg import ldl +import pytest + + +def test_args(): + A = eye(3) + # Nonsquare array + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + ldl(A[:, :2]) + # Complex matrix with imaginary diagonal entries with "hermitian=True" + with pytest.warns(ComplexWarning): + ldl(A*1j) + + +def test_empty_array(): + a = empty((0, 0), dtype=complex) + l, d, p = ldl(empty((0, 0))) + assert_array_almost_equal(l, empty_like(a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(d, empty_like(a)) + assert_array_almost_equal(p, array([], dtype=int)) + + +def test_simple(): + a = array([[-0.39-0.71j, 5.14-0.64j, -7.86-2.96j, 3.80+0.92j], + [5.14-0.64j, 8.86+1.81j, -3.52+0.58j, 5.32-1.59j], + [-7.86-2.96j, -3.52+0.58j, -2.83-0.03j, -1.54-2.86j], + [3.80+0.92j, 5.32-1.59j, -1.54-2.86j, -0.56+0.12j]]) + b = array([[5., 10, 1, 18], + [10., 2, 11, 1], + [1., 11, 19, 9], + [18., 1, 9, 0]]) + c = array([[52., 97, 112, 107, 50], + [97., 114, 89, 98, 13], + [112., 89, 64, 33, 6], + [107., 98, 33, 60, 73], + [50., 13, 6, 73, 77]]) + + d = array([[2., 2, -4, 0, 4], + [2., -2, -2, 10, -8], + [-4., -2, 6, -8, -4], + [0., 10, -8, 6, -6], + [4., -8, -4, -6, 10]]) + e = array([[-1.36+0.00j, 0+0j, 0+0j, 0+0j], + [1.58-0.90j, -8.87+0j, 0+0j, 0+0j], + [2.21+0.21j, -1.84+0.03j, -4.63+0j, 0+0j], + [3.91-1.50j, -1.78-1.18j, 0.11-0.11j, -1.84+0.00j]]) + for x in (b, c, d): + l, d, p = ldl(x) + assert_allclose(l.dot(d).dot(l.T), x, atol=spacing(1000.), rtol=0) + + u, d, p = ldl(x, lower=False) + assert_allclose(u.dot(d).dot(u.T), x, atol=spacing(1000.), rtol=0) + + l, d, p = ldl(a, hermitian=False) + assert_allclose(l.dot(d).dot(l.T), a, atol=spacing(1000.), rtol=0) + + u, d, p = ldl(a, lower=False, hermitian=False) + assert_allclose(u.dot(d).dot(u.T), a, atol=spacing(1000.), rtol=0) + + # Use upper part for the computation and use the lower part for comparison + l, d, p = ldl(e.conj().T, lower=0) + assert_allclose(tril(l.dot(d).dot(l.conj().T)-e), zeros((4, 4)), + atol=spacing(1000.), rtol=0) + + +def test_permutations(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for _ in range(10): + n = rng.integers(1, 100) + # Random real/complex array + x = rng.random((n, n)) + 0 if rng.integers(2) else rng.random((n, n))*1j + x = x + x.conj().T + x += eye(n)*rng.integers(5, 1e6) + l_ind = tril_indices_from(x, k=-1) + u_ind = triu_indices_from(x, k=1) + + # Test whether permutations lead to a triangular array + u, d, p = ldl(x, lower=0) + # lower part should be zero + assert_(not any(u[p, :][l_ind]), f'Spin {_} failed') + + l, d, p = ldl(x, lower=1) + # upper part should be zero + assert_(not any(l[p, :][u_ind]), f'Spin {_} failed') + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [float32, float64]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [30, 150]) +def test_ldl_type_size_combinations_real(n, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + msg = (f"Failed for size: {n}, dtype: {dtype}") + + x = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + x = x + x.T + x += eye(n, dtype=dtype)*dtype(rng.integers(5, 1e6)) + + l, d1, p = ldl(x) + u, d2, p = ldl(x, lower=0) + rtol = 1e-4 if dtype is float32 else 1e-10 + assert_allclose(l.dot(d1).dot(l.T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg) + assert_allclose(u.dot(d2).dot(u.T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [complex64, complex128]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [30, 150]) +def test_ldl_type_size_combinations_complex(n, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + msg1 = (f"Her failed for size: {n}, dtype: {dtype}") + msg2 = (f"Sym failed for size: {n}, dtype: {dtype}") + + # Complex hermitian upper/lower + x = (rng.random((n, n))+1j*rng.random((n, n))).astype(dtype) + x = x+x.conj().T + x += eye(n, dtype=dtype)*dtype(rng.integers(5, 1e6)) + + l, d1, p = ldl(x) + u, d2, p = ldl(x, lower=0) + rtol = 2e-4 if dtype is complex64 else 1e-10 + assert_allclose(l.dot(d1).dot(l.conj().T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg1) + assert_allclose(u.dot(d2).dot(u.conj().T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg1) + + # Complex symmetric upper/lower + x = (rng.random((n, n))+1j*rng.random((n, n))).astype(dtype) + x = x+x.T + x += eye(n, dtype=dtype)*dtype(rng.integers(5, 1e6)) + + l, d1, p = ldl(x, hermitian=0) + u, d2, p = ldl(x, lower=0, hermitian=0) + assert_allclose(l.dot(d1).dot(l.T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg2) + assert_allclose(u.dot(d2).dot(u.T), x, rtol=rtol, err_msg=msg2) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_lu.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_lu.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..da0beccf1f0e66baf4ac4ec80d7ff7129b2df345 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_lu.py @@ -0,0 +1,308 @@ +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import lu, lu_factor, lu_solve, get_lapack_funcs, solve +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose, assert_array_equal, assert_equal + + +REAL_DTYPES = [np.float32, np.float64] +COMPLEX_DTYPES = [np.complex64, np.complex128] +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +class TestLU: + def setup_method(self): + self.rng = np.random.default_rng(1682281250228846) + + def test_old_lu_smoke_tests(self): + "Tests from old fortran based lu test suite" + a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + result_lu = np.array([[2., 5., 6.], [0.5, -0.5, 0.], [0.5, 1., 0.]]) + assert_allclose(p, np.rot90(np.eye(3))) + assert_allclose(l, np.tril(result_lu, k=-1)+np.eye(3)) + assert_allclose(u, np.triu(result_lu)) + + a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5j, 6]]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + result_lu = np.array([[2., 5.j, 6.], [0.5, 2-2.5j, 0.], [0.5, 1., 0.]]) + assert_allclose(p, np.rot90(np.eye(3))) + assert_allclose(l, np.tril(result_lu, k=-1)+np.eye(3)) + assert_allclose(u, np.triu(result_lu)) + + b = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) + p, l, u = lu(b) + assert_allclose(p, np.array([[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]])) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1, 0, 0], [1/7, 1, 0], [4/7, 0.5, 1]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[7, 8, 9], [0, 6/7, 12/7], [0, 0, 0]]), + rtol=0., atol=1e-14) + + cb = np.array([[1.j, 2.j, 3.j], [4j, 5j, 6j], [7j, 8j, 9j]]) + p, l, u = lu(cb) + assert_allclose(p, np.array([[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]])) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1, 0, 0], [1/7, 1, 0], [4/7, 0.5, 1]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[7, 8, 9], [0, 6/7, 12/7], [0, 0, 0]])*1j, + rtol=0., atol=1e-14) + + # Rectangular matrices + hrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 12, 12]]) + p, l, u = lu(hrect) + assert_allclose(p, np.array([[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]])) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1, 0, 0], [1/9, 1, 0], [5/9, 0.5, 1]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[9, 10, 12, 12], [0, 8/9, 15/9, 24/9], + [0, 0, -0.5, 0]]), rtol=0., atol=1e-14) + + chrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 12, 12]])*1.j + p, l, u = lu(chrect) + assert_allclose(p, np.array([[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]])) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1, 0, 0], [1/9, 1, 0], [5/9, 0.5, 1]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[9, 10, 12, 12], [0, 8/9, 15/9, 24/9], + [0, 0, -0.5, 0]])*1j, rtol=0., atol=1e-14) + + vrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 12, 12]]) + p, l, u = lu(vrect) + assert_allclose(p, np.eye(4)[[1, 3, 2, 0], :]) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1., 0, 0], [0.1, 1, 0], [0.7, -0.5, 1], + [0.4, 0.25, 0.5]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[10, 12, 12], + [0, 0.8, 1.8], + [0, 0, 1.5]])) + + cvrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 12, 12]])*1j + p, l, u = lu(cvrect) + assert_allclose(p, np.eye(4)[[1, 3, 2, 0], :]) + assert_allclose(l, np.array([[1., 0, 0], + [0.1, 1, 0], + [0.7, -0.5, 1], + [0.4, 0.25, 0.5]])) + assert_allclose(u, np.array([[10, 12, 12], + [0, 0.8, 1.8], + [0, 0, 1.5]])*1j) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [[2, 2], [2, 4], [4, 2], [20, 20], + [20, 4], [4, 20], [3, 2, 9, 9], + [2, 2, 17, 5], [2, 2, 11, 7]]) + def test_simple_lu_shapes_real_complex(self, shape): + a = self.rng.uniform(-10., 10., size=shape) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(a, p @ l @ u) + pl, u = lu(a, permute_l=True) + assert_allclose(a, pl @ u) + + b = self.rng.uniform(-10., 10., size=shape)*1j + b += self.rng.uniform(-10, 10, size=shape) + pl, u = lu(b, permute_l=True) + assert_allclose(b, pl @ u) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [[2, 2], [2, 4], [4, 2], [20, 20], + [20, 4], [4, 20]]) + def test_simple_lu_shapes_real_complex_2d_indices(self, shape): + a = self.rng.uniform(-10., 10., size=shape) + p, l, u = lu(a, p_indices=True) + assert_allclose(a, l[p, :] @ u) + + def test_1by1_input_output(self): + a = self.rng.random([4, 5, 1, 1], dtype=np.float32) + p, l, u = lu(a, p_indices=True) + assert_allclose(p, np.zeros(shape=(4, 5, 1), dtype=int)) + assert_allclose(l, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(u, a) + + a = self.rng.random([4, 5, 1, 1], dtype=np.float32) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(l, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(u, a) + + pl, u = lu(a, permute_l=True) + assert_allclose(pl, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(u, a) + + a = self.rng.random([4, 5, 1, 1], dtype=np.float32)*np.complex64(1.j) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(l, np.ones(shape=(4, 5, 1, 1), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(u, a) + + def test_empty_edge_cases(self): + a = np.empty([0, 0]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float64)) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float64)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float64)) + + a = np.empty([0, 3], dtype=np.float16) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 3), dtype=np.float32)) + + a = np.empty([3, 0], dtype=np.complex64) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(3, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + p, l, u = lu(a, p_indices=True) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0,), dtype=int)) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(3, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + pl, u = lu(a, permute_l=True) + assert_allclose(pl, np.empty(shape=(3, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + + a = np.empty([3, 0, 0], dtype=np.complex64) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(3, 0, 0), dtype=np.float32)) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(3, 0, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(3, 0, 0), dtype=np.complex64)) + + a = np.empty([0, 0, 3]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0, 0, 0))) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(0, 0, 0))) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0, 3))) + + with assert_raises(ValueError, match='at least two-dimensional'): + lu(np.array([])) + + a = np.array([[]]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(0, 0))) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(1, 0))) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(0, 0))) + + a = np.array([[[]]]) + p, l, u = lu(a) + assert_allclose(p, np.empty(shape=(1, 0, 0))) + assert_allclose(l, np.empty(shape=(1, 1, 0))) + assert_allclose(u, np.empty(shape=(1, 0, 0))) + + +class TestLUFactor: + def setup_method(self): + self.rng = np.random.default_rng(1682281250228846) + + self.a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5, 6]]) + self.ca = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [2, 5j, 6]]) + # Those matrices are more robust to detect problems in permutation + # matrices than the ones above + self.b = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]) + self.cb = np.array([[1j, 2j, 3j], [4j, 5j, 6j], [7j, 8j, 9j]]) + + # Rectangular matrices + self.hrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 12, 12]]) + self.chrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], + [9, 10, 12, 12]]) * 1.j + + self.vrect = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9], [10, 12, 12]]) + self.cvrect = 1.j * np.array([[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6], + [7, 8, 9], + [10, 12, 12]]) + + # Medium sizes matrices + self.med = self.rng.random((30, 40)) + self.cmed = self.rng.random((30, 40)) + 1.j*self.rng.random((30, 40)) + + def _test_common_lu_factor(self, data): + l_and_u1, piv1 = lu_factor(data) + (getrf,) = get_lapack_funcs(("getrf",), (data,)) + l_and_u2, piv2, _ = getrf(data, overwrite_a=False) + assert_allclose(l_and_u1, l_and_u2) + assert_allclose(piv1, piv2) + + # Simple tests. + # For lu_factor gives a LinAlgWarning because these matrices are singular + def test_hrectangular(self): + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.hrect) + + def test_vrectangular(self): + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.vrect) + + def test_hrectangular_complex(self): + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.chrect) + + def test_vrectangular_complex(self): + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.cvrect) + + # Bigger matrices + def test_medium1(self): + """Check lu decomposition on medium size, rectangular matrix.""" + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.med) + + def test_medium1_complex(self): + """Check lu decomposition on medium size, rectangular matrix.""" + self._test_common_lu_factor(self.cmed) + + def test_check_finite(self): + p, l, u = lu(self.a, check_finite=False) + assert_allclose(p @ l @ u, self.a) + + def test_simple_known(self): + # Ticket #1458 + for order in ['C', 'F']: + A = np.array([[2, 1], [0, 1.]], order=order) + LU, P = lu_factor(A) + assert_allclose(LU, np.array([[2, 1], [0, 1]])) + assert_array_equal(P, np.array([0, 1])) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [0, 1, 2]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) + def test_shape_dtype(self, m, n, dtype): + k = min(m, n) + + a = np.eye(m, n, dtype=dtype) + lu, p = lu_factor(a) + assert_equal(lu.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(lu.dtype, dtype) + assert_equal(p.shape, (k,)) + assert_equal(p.dtype, np.int32) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize(("m", "n"), [(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0)]) + def test_empty(self, m, n): + a = np.zeros((m, n)) + lu, p = lu_factor(a) + assert_allclose(lu, np.empty((m, n))) + assert_allclose(p, np.arange(0)) + + +class TestLUSolve: + def setup_method(self): + self.rng = np.random.default_rng(1682281250228846) + + def test_lu(self): + a0 = self.rng.random((10, 10)) + b = self.rng.random((10,)) + + for order in ['C', 'F']: + a = np.array(a0, order=order) + x1 = solve(a, b) + lu_a = lu_factor(a) + x2 = lu_solve(lu_a, b) + assert_allclose(x1, x2) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a = self.rng.random((10, 10)) + b = self.rng.random((10,)) + x1 = solve(a, b) + lu_a = lu_factor(a, check_finite=False) + x2 = lu_solve(lu_a, b, check_finite=False) + assert_allclose(x1, x2) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt, dt_b): + lu_and_piv = (np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt), np.array([])) + b = np.asarray([], dtype=dt_b) + x = lu_solve(lu_and_piv, b) + assert x.shape == (0,) + + m = lu_solve((np.eye(2, dtype=dt), [0, 1]), np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)) + assert x.dtype == m.dtype + + b = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x = lu_solve(lu_and_piv, b) + assert x.shape == (0, 0) + assert x.dtype == m.dtype diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_polar.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_polar.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..607238842b3cc643d9665e40f29e41b15d8951a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_polar.py @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy.linalg import norm +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_allclose, assert_equal) +from scipy.linalg import polar, eigh + + +diag2 = np.array([[2, 0], [0, 3]]) +a13 = np.array([[1, 2, 2]]) + +precomputed_cases = [ + [[[0]], 'right', [[1]], [[0]]], + [[[0]], 'left', [[1]], [[0]]], + [[[9]], 'right', [[1]], [[9]]], + [[[9]], 'left', [[1]], [[9]]], + [diag2, 'right', np.eye(2), diag2], + [diag2, 'left', np.eye(2), diag2], + [a13, 'right', a13/norm(a13[0]), a13.T.dot(a13)/norm(a13[0])], +] + +verify_cases = [ + [[1, 2], [3, 4]], + [[1, 2, 3]], + [[1], [2], [3]], + [[1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 0]], + [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 5]], + [[1, 2], [3, 4+5j]], + [[1, 2, 3j]], + [[1], [2], [3j]], + [[1, 2, 3+2j], [3, 4-1j, -4j]], + [[1, 2], [3-2j, 4+0.5j], [5, 5]], + [[10000, 10, 1], [-1, 2, 3j], [0, 1, 2]], + np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((0, 2)), + np.empty((2, 0)), +] + + +def check_precomputed_polar(a, side, expected_u, expected_p): + # Compare the result of the polar decomposition to a + # precomputed result. + u, p = polar(a, side=side) + assert_allclose(u, expected_u, atol=1e-15) + assert_allclose(p, expected_p, atol=1e-15) + + +def verify_polar(a): + # Compute the polar decomposition, and then verify that + # the result has all the expected properties. + product_atol = np.sqrt(np.finfo(float).eps) + + aa = np.asarray(a) + m, n = aa.shape + + u, p = polar(a, side='right') + assert_equal(u.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(p.shape, (n, n)) + # a = up + assert_allclose(u.dot(p), a, atol=product_atol) + if m >= n: + assert_allclose(u.conj().T.dot(u), np.eye(n), atol=1e-15) + else: + assert_allclose(u.dot(u.conj().T), np.eye(m), atol=1e-15) + # p is Hermitian positive semidefinite. + assert_allclose(p.conj().T, p) + evals = eigh(p, eigvals_only=True) + nonzero_evals = evals[abs(evals) > 1e-14] + assert_((nonzero_evals >= 0).all()) + + u, p = polar(a, side='left') + assert_equal(u.shape, (m, n)) + assert_equal(p.shape, (m, m)) + # a = pu + assert_allclose(p.dot(u), a, atol=product_atol) + if m >= n: + assert_allclose(u.conj().T.dot(u), np.eye(n), atol=1e-15) + else: + assert_allclose(u.dot(u.conj().T), np.eye(m), atol=1e-15) + # p is Hermitian positive semidefinite. + assert_allclose(p.conj().T, p) + evals = eigh(p, eigvals_only=True) + nonzero_evals = evals[abs(evals) > 1e-14] + assert_((nonzero_evals >= 0).all()) + + +def test_precomputed_cases(): + for a, side, expected_u, expected_p in precomputed_cases: + check_precomputed_polar(a, side, expected_u, expected_p) + + +def test_verify_cases(): + for a in verify_cases: + verify_polar(a) + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(0, 0), (0, 2), (2, 0)]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('side', ['left', 'right']) +def test_empty(dt, shape, side): + a = np.empty(shape, dtype=dt) + m, n = shape + p_shape = (m, m) if side == 'left' else (n, n) + + u, p = polar(a, side=side) + u_n, p_n = polar(np.eye(5, dtype=dt)) + + assert_equal(u.dtype, u_n.dtype) + assert_equal(p.dtype, p_n.dtype) + assert u.shape == shape + assert p.shape == p_shape + assert np.all(p == 0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_update.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_update.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..41b14eddbbde94b0929bc6eb91861b08fd382b22 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_decomp_update.py @@ -0,0 +1,1700 @@ +import itertools + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_, assert_allclose, assert_equal +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +from scipy import linalg +import scipy.linalg._decomp_update as _decomp_update +from scipy.linalg._decomp_update import qr_delete, qr_update, qr_insert + +def assert_unitary(a, rtol=None, atol=None, assert_sqr=True): + if rtol is None: + rtol = 10.0 ** -(np.finfo(a.dtype).precision-2) + if atol is None: + atol = 10*np.finfo(a.dtype).eps + + if assert_sqr: + assert_(a.shape[0] == a.shape[1], 'unitary matrices must be square') + aTa = np.dot(a.T.conj(), a) + assert_allclose(aTa, np.eye(a.shape[1]), rtol=rtol, atol=atol) + +def assert_upper_tri(a, rtol=None, atol=None): + if rtol is None: + rtol = 10.0 ** -(np.finfo(a.dtype).precision-2) + if atol is None: + atol = 2*np.finfo(a.dtype).eps + mask = np.tri(a.shape[0], a.shape[1], -1, np.bool_) + assert_allclose(a[mask], 0.0, rtol=rtol, atol=atol) + +def check_qr(q, r, a, rtol, atol, assert_sqr=True): + assert_unitary(q, rtol, atol, assert_sqr) + assert_upper_tri(r, rtol, atol) + assert_allclose(q.dot(r), a, rtol=rtol, atol=atol) + +def make_strided(arrs): + strides = [(3, 7), (2, 2), (3, 4), (4, 2), (5, 4), (2, 3), (2, 1), (4, 5)] + kmax = len(strides) + k = 0 + ret = [] + for a in arrs: + if a.ndim == 1: + s = strides[k % kmax] + k += 1 + base = np.zeros(s[0]*a.shape[0]+s[1], a.dtype) + view = base[s[1]::s[0]] + view[...] = a + elif a.ndim == 2: + s = strides[k % kmax] + t = strides[(k+1) % kmax] + k += 2 + base = np.zeros((s[0]*a.shape[0]+s[1], t[0]*a.shape[1]+t[1]), + a.dtype) + view = base[s[1]::s[0], t[1]::t[0]] + view[...] = a + else: + raise ValueError('make_strided only works for ndim = 1 or' + ' 2 arrays') + ret.append(view) + return ret + +def negate_strides(arrs): + ret = [] + for a in arrs: + b = np.zeros_like(a) + if b.ndim == 2: + b = b[::-1, ::-1] + elif b.ndim == 1: + b = b[::-1] + else: + raise ValueError('negate_strides only works for ndim = 1 or' + ' 2 arrays') + b[...] = a + ret.append(b) + return ret + +def nonitemsize_strides(arrs): + out = [] + for a in arrs: + a_dtype = a.dtype + b = np.zeros(a.shape, [('a', a_dtype), ('junk', 'S1')]) + c = b.getfield(a_dtype) + c[...] = a + out.append(c) + return out + + +def make_nonnative(arrs): + return [a.astype(a.dtype.newbyteorder()) for a in arrs] + + +class BaseQRdeltas: + def setup_method(self): + self.rtol = 10.0 ** -(np.finfo(self.dtype).precision-2) + self.atol = 10 * np.finfo(self.dtype).eps + + def generate(self, type, mode='full'): + rng = np.random.default_rng(29382) + shape = {'sqr': (8, 8), 'tall': (12, 7), 'fat': (7, 12), + 'Mx1': (8, 1), '1xN': (1, 8), '1x1': (1, 1)}[type] + a = rng.random(shape) + if np.iscomplexobj(self.dtype.type(1)): + b = rng.random(shape) + a = a + 1j * b + a = a.astype(self.dtype) + q, r = linalg.qr(a, mode=mode) + return a, q, r + +class BaseQRdelete(BaseQRdeltas): + def test_sqr_1_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + for col in range(r.shape[1]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, which='col', overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, col, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for col in range(r.shape[1]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, ndel, which='col', + overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(col, col+ndel), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_1_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + for col in range(r.shape[1]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, which='col', overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, col, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for col in range(r.shape[1]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, ndel, which='col', + overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(col, col+ndel), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_1_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('fat') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('fat') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('fat') + for col in range(r.shape[1]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, which='col', overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, col, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('fat') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for col in range(r.shape[1]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, ndel, which='col', + overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(col, col+ndel), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_economic_1_row(self): + # this test always starts and ends with an economic decomp. + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + # for economic row deletes + # eco - prow = eco + # eco - prow = sqr + # eco - prow = fat + def base_economic_p_row_xxx(self, ndel): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_p_row_economic(self): + # (12, 7) - (3, 7) = (9,7) --> stays economic + self.base_economic_p_row_xxx(3) + + def test_economic_p_row_sqr(self): + # (12, 7) - (5, 7) = (7, 7) --> becomes square + self.base_economic_p_row_xxx(5) + + def test_economic_p_row_fat(self): + # (12, 7) - (7,7) = (5, 7) --> becomes fat + self.base_economic_p_row_xxx(7) + + def test_economic_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + for col in range(r.shape[1]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, which='col', overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, col, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for col in range(r.shape[1]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, ndel, which='col', + overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(col, col+ndel), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_1_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('1xN') + for col in range(r.shape[1]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, which='col', overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, col, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('1xN') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for col in range(r.shape[1]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, col, ndel, which='col', + overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(col, col+ndel), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_economic_1_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic') + for row in range(r.shape[0]): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, row, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_economic_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic') + for ndel in range(2, 6): + for row in range(a.shape[0]-ndel): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, row, ndel, overwrite_qr=False) + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(row, row+ndel), 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_delete_last_1_row(self): + # full and eco are the same for 1xN + a, q, r = self.generate('1xN') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, r.shape[1]), dtype=r.dtype)) + + def test_delete_last_p_row(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'full') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, a.shape[0], 'row') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, r.shape[1]), dtype=r.dtype)) + + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, a.shape[0], 'row') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, r.shape[1]), dtype=r.dtype)) + + def test_delete_last_1_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(q.shape[0], 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=r.dtype)) + + a, q, r = self.generate('Mx1', 'full') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_unitary(q1) + assert_(q1.dtype == q.dtype) + assert_(q1.shape == q.shape) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(r.shape[0], 0), dtype=r.dtype)) + + def test_delete_last_p_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'full') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, a.shape[1], 'col') + assert_unitary(q1) + assert_(q1.dtype == q.dtype) + assert_(q1.shape == q.shape) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(r.shape[0], 0), dtype=r.dtype)) + + a, q, r = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, a.shape[1], 'col') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(q.shape[0], 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=r.dtype)) + + def test_delete_1x1_row_col(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('1x1') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_equal(q1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, 0), dtype=q.dtype)) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(0, r.shape[1]), dtype=r.dtype)) + + a, q, r = self.generate('1x1') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_unitary(q1) + assert_(q1.dtype == q.dtype) + assert_(q1.shape == q.shape) + assert_equal(r1, np.ndarray(shape=(r.shape[0], 0), dtype=r.dtype)) + + # all full qr, row deletes and single column deletes should be able to + # handle any non negative strides. (only row and column vector + # operations are used.) p column delete require fortran ordered + # Q and R and will make a copy as necessary. Economic qr row deletes + # require a contiguous q. + + def base_non_simple_strides(self, adjust_strides, ks, p, which, + overwriteable): + if which == 'row': + qind = (slice(p,None), slice(p,None)) + rind = (slice(p,None), slice(None)) + else: + qind = (slice(None), slice(None)) + rind = (slice(None), slice(None,-p)) + + for type, k in itertools.product(['sqr', 'tall', 'fat'], ks): + a, q0, r0, = self.generate(type) + qs, rs = adjust_strides((q0, r0)) + if p == 1: + a1 = np.delete(a, k, 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + else: + s = slice(k,k+p) + if k < 0: + s = slice(k, k + p + + (a.shape[0] if which == 'row' else a.shape[1])) + a1 = np.delete(a, s, 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + + # for each variable, q, r we try with it strided and + # overwrite=False. Then we try with overwrite=True, and make + # sure that q and r are still overwritten. + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(qs, r, k, p, which, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + q1o, r1o = qr_delete(qs, r, k, p, which, True) + check_qr(q1o, r1o, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(q1o, qs[qind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r1o, r[rind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + q2, r2 = qr_delete(q, rs, k, p, which, False) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + q2o, r2o = qr_delete(q, rs, k, p, which, True) + check_qr(q2o, r2o, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(q2o, q[qind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r2o, rs[rind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + # since some of these were consumed above + qs, rs = adjust_strides((q, r)) + q3, r3 = qr_delete(qs, rs, k, p, which, False) + check_qr(q3, r3, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + q3o, r3o = qr_delete(qs, rs, k, p, which, True) + check_qr(q3o, r3o, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(q2o, qs[qind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r3o, rs[rind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_non_unit_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, [0], 1, 'row', True) + + def test_non_unit_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, [0], 3, 'row', True) + + def test_non_unit_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, [0], 1, 'col', True) + + def test_non_unit_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, [0], 3, 'col', False) + + def test_neg_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, [0], 1, 'row', False) + + def test_neg_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, [0], 3, 'row', False) + + def test_neg_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, [0], 1, 'col', False) + + def test_neg_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, [0], 3, 'col', False) + + def test_non_itemize_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, [0], 1, 'row', False) + + def test_non_itemize_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, [0], 3, 'row', False) + + def test_non_itemize_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, [0], 1, 'col', False) + + def test_non_itemize_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, [0], 3, 'col', False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, [0], 1, 'row', False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, [0], 3, 'row', False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, [0], 1, 'col', False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, [0], 3, 'col', False) + + def test_neg_k(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + for k, p, w in itertools.product([-3, -7], [1, 3], ['row', 'col']): + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, k, p, w, overwrite_qr=False) + if w == 'row': + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(k+a.shape[0], k+p+a.shape[0]), 0) + else: + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(k+a.shape[0], k+p+a.shape[1]), 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def base_overwrite_qr(self, which, p, test_C, test_F, mode='full'): + assert_sqr = True if mode == 'full' else False + if which == 'row': + qind = (slice(p,None), slice(p,None)) + rind = (slice(p,None), slice(None)) + else: + qind = (slice(None), slice(None)) + rind = (slice(None), slice(None,-p)) + a, q0, r0 = self.generate('sqr', mode) + if p == 1: + a1 = np.delete(a, 3, 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + else: + a1 = np.delete(a, slice(3, 3+p), 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + + # don't overwrite + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + q1, r1 = qr_delete(q, r, 3, p, which, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + + if test_F: + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + q2, r2 = qr_delete(q, r, 3, p, which, True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + # verify the overwriting + assert_allclose(q2, q[qind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r2, r[rind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + if test_C: + q = q0.copy('C') + r = r0.copy('C') + q3, r3 = qr_delete(q, r, 3, p, which, True) + check_qr(q3, r3, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + assert_allclose(q3, q[qind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r3, r[rind], rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_overwrite_qr_1_row(self): + # any positively strided q and r. + self.base_overwrite_qr('row', 1, True, True) + + def test_overwrite_economic_qr_1_row(self): + # Any contiguous q and positively strided r. + self.base_overwrite_qr('row', 1, True, True, 'economic') + + def test_overwrite_qr_1_col(self): + # any positively strided q and r. + # full and eco share code paths + self.base_overwrite_qr('col', 1, True, True) + + def test_overwrite_qr_p_row(self): + # any positively strided q and r. + self.base_overwrite_qr('row', 3, True, True) + + def test_overwrite_economic_qr_p_row(self): + # any contiguous q and positively strided r + self.base_overwrite_qr('row', 3, True, True, 'economic') + + def test_overwrite_qr_p_col(self): + # only F ordered q and r can be overwritten for cols + # full and eco share code paths + self.base_overwrite_qr('col', 3, False, True) + + def test_bad_which(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('sqr') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, which='foo') + + def test_bad_k(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, q.shape[0], 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, -q.shape[0]-1, 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, r.shape[0], 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, -r.shape[0]-1, 1, 'col') + + def test_bad_p(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + # p must be positive + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, -1) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, -1, 'col') + + # and nonzero + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, 0) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, 0, 'col') + + # must have at least k+p rows or cols, depending. + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 3, q.shape[0]-2) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 3, r.shape[1]-2, 'col') + + def test_empty_q(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + # same code path for 'row' and 'col' + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, np.array([]), r, 0, 1) + + def test_empty_r(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + # same code path for 'row' and 'col' + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, np.array([]), 0, 1) + + def test_mismatched_q_and_r(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('tall') + r = r[1:] + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r, 0, 1) + + def test_unsupported_dtypes(self): + dts = ['int8', 'int16', 'int32', 'int64', + 'uint8', 'uint16', 'uint32', 'uint64', + 'float16', 'longdouble', 'clongdouble', + 'bool'] + a, q0, r0 = self.generate('tall') + for dtype in dts: + q = q0.real.astype(dtype) + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + r = r0.real.astype(dtype) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 2, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 2, 'col') + + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 2, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 2, 'col') + + def test_check_finite(self): + a0, q0, r0 = self.generate('tall') + + q = q0.copy('F') + q[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 3, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r0, 0, 3, 'col') + + r = r0.copy('F') + r[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 3, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q0, r, 0, 3, 'col') + + def test_qr_scalar(self): + a, q, r = self.generate('1x1') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q[0, 0], r, 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r[0, 0], 0, 1, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q[0, 0], r, 0, 1, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_delete, q, r[0, 0], 0, 1, 'col') + +class TestQRdelete_f(BaseQRdelete): + dtype = np.dtype('f') + +class TestQRdelete_F(BaseQRdelete): + dtype = np.dtype('F') + +class TestQRdelete_d(BaseQRdelete): + dtype = np.dtype('d') + +class TestQRdelete_D(BaseQRdelete): + dtype = np.dtype('D') + +class BaseQRinsert(BaseQRdeltas): + def generate(self, type, mode='full', which='row', p=1): + a, q, r = super().generate(type, mode) + + assert_(p > 0) + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + + if which == 'row': + if p == 1: + u = rng.random(a.shape[1]) + else: + u = rng.random((p, a.shape[1])) + elif which == 'col': + if p == 1: + u = rng.random(a.shape[0]) + else: + u = rng.random((a.shape[0], p)) + else: + raise ValueError('which should be either "row" or "col"') + + if np.iscomplexobj(self.dtype.type(1)): + b = rng.random(u.shape) + u = u + 1j * b + + u = u.astype(self.dtype) + return a, q, r, u + + def test_sqr_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('sqr', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_p_row(self): + # sqr + rows --> fat always + a, q, r, u = self.generate('sqr', which='row', p=3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('sqr', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_p_col(self): + # sqr + cols --> fat always + a, q, r, u = self.generate('sqr', which='col', p=3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_p_row(self): + # tall + rows --> tall always + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', which='row', p=3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + # for column adds to tall matrices there are three cases to test + # tall + pcol --> tall + # tall + pcol --> sqr + # tall + pcol --> fat + def base_tall_p_col_xxx(self, p): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', which='col', p=p) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(p, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_p_col_tall(self): + # 12x7 + 12x3 = 12x10 --> stays tall + self.base_tall_p_col_xxx(3) + + def test_tall_p_col_sqr(self): + # 12x7 + 12x5 = 12x12 --> becomes sqr + self.base_tall_p_col_xxx(5) + + def test_tall_p_col_fat(self): + # 12x7 + 12x7 = 12x14 --> becomes fat + self.base_tall_p_col_xxx(7) + + def test_fat_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('fat', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + # for row adds to fat matrices there are three cases to test + # fat + prow --> fat + # fat + prow --> sqr + # fat + prow --> tall + def base_fat_p_row_xxx(self, p): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('fat', which='row', p=p) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(p, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_p_row_fat(self): + # 7x12 + 3x12 = 10x12 --> stays fat + self.base_fat_p_row_xxx(3) + + def test_fat_p_row_sqr(self): + # 7x12 + 5x12 = 12x12 --> becomes sqr + self.base_fat_p_row_xxx(5) + + def test_fat_p_row_tall(self): + # 7x12 + 7x12 = 14x12 --> becomes tall + self.base_fat_p_row_xxx(7) + + def test_fat_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('fat', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_p_col(self): + # fat + cols --> fat always + a, q, r, u = self.generate('fat', which='col', p=3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_economic_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', 'economic', 'row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row, overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_p_row(self): + # tall + rows --> tall always + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', 'economic', 'row', 3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row, overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', 'economic', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u.copy(), col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_1_col_bad_update(self): + # When the column to be added lies in the span of Q, the update is + # not meaningful. This is detected, and a LinAlgError is issued. + q = np.eye(5, 3, dtype=self.dtype) + r = np.eye(3, dtype=self.dtype) + u = np.array([1, 0, 0, 0, 0], self.dtype) + assert_raises(linalg.LinAlgError, qr_insert, q, r, u, 0, 'col') + + # for column adds to economic matrices there are three cases to test + # eco + pcol --> eco + # eco + pcol --> sqr + # eco + pcol --> fat + def base_economic_p_col_xxx(self, p): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', 'economic', which='col', p=p) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(p, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_p_col_eco(self): + # 12x7 + 12x3 = 12x10 --> stays eco + self.base_economic_p_col_xxx(3) + + def test_economic_p_col_sqr(self): + # 12x7 + 12x5 = 12x12 --> becomes sqr + self.base_economic_p_col_xxx(5) + + def test_economic_p_col_fat(self): + # 12x7 + 12x7 = 12x14 --> becomes fat + self.base_economic_p_col_xxx(7) + + def test_Mx1_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_p_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', which='row', p=3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_p_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', which='col', p=3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_economic_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic', 'row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_economic_p_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic', 'row', 3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_economic_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic', 'col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_economic_p_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic', 'col', 3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_1xN_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1xN', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_p_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1xN', which='row', p=3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1xN', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_p_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1xN', which='col', p=3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_1_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1x1', which='row') + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, row, u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_p_row(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1x1', which='row', p=3) + for row in range(r.shape[0] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, row) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, row, np.intp), u, 0) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_1_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1x1', which='col') + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, col, u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_p_col(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1x1', which='col', p=3) + for col in range(r.shape[1] + 1): + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, col, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, np.full(3, col, np.intp), u, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_1_scalar(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('1x1', which='row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q[0, 0], r, u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r[0, 0], u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, u[0], 0, 'row') + + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q[0, 0], r, u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r[0, 0], u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, u[0], 0, 'col') + + def base_non_simple_strides(self, adjust_strides, k, p, which): + for type in ['sqr', 'tall', 'fat']: + a, q0, r0, u0 = self.generate(type, which=which, p=p) + qs, rs, us = adjust_strides((q0, r0, u0)) + if p == 1: + ai = np.insert(a, k, u0, 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + else: + ai = np.insert(a, np.full(p, k, np.intp), + u0 if which == 'row' else u0, + 0 if which == 'row' else 1) + + # for each variable, q, r, u we try with it strided and + # overwrite=False. Then we try with overwrite=True. Nothing + # is checked to see if it can be overwritten, since only + # F ordered Q can be overwritten when adding columns. + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + q1, r1 = qr_insert(qs, r, u, k, which, overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q1, r1, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + q1o, r1o = qr_insert(qs, r, u, k, which, overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q1o, r1o, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + q2, r2 = qr_insert(q, rs, u, k, which, overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q2, r2, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + q2o, r2o = qr_insert(q, rs, u, k, which, overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q2o, r2o, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + q3, r3 = qr_insert(q, r, us, k, which, overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q3, r3, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + q3o, r3o = qr_insert(q, r, us, k, which, overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q3o, r3o, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + # since some of these were consumed above + qs, rs, us = adjust_strides((q, r, u)) + q5, r5 = qr_insert(qs, rs, us, k, which, overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q5, r5, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + q5o, r5o = qr_insert(qs, rs, us, k, which, overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q5o, r5o, ai, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_non_unit_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 0, 1, 'row') + + def test_non_unit_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 0, 3, 'row') + + def test_non_unit_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 0, 1, 'col') + + def test_non_unit_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 0, 3, 'col') + + def test_neg_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 0, 1, 'row') + + def test_neg_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 0, 3, 'row') + + def test_neg_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 0, 1, 'col') + + def test_neg_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 0, 3, 'col') + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 0, 1, 'row') + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 0, 3, 'row') + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 0, 1, 'col') + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 0, 3, 'col') + + def test_non_native_byte_order_1_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 0, 1, 'row') + + def test_non_native_byte_order_p_row(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 0, 3, 'row') + + def test_non_native_byte_order_1_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 0, 1, 'col') + + def test_non_native_byte_order_p_col(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 0, 3, 'col') + + def test_overwrite_qu_rank_1(self): + # when inserting rows, the size of both Q and R change, so only + # column inserts can overwrite q. Only complex column inserts + # with C ordered Q overwrite u. Any contiguous Q is overwritten + # when inserting 1 column + a, q0, r, u, = self.generate('sqr', which='col', p=1) + q = q0.copy('C') + u0 = u.copy() + # don't overwrite + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + a1 = np.insert(a, 0, u0, 1) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol) + + # try overwriting + q2, r2 = qr_insert(q, r, u, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + # verify the overwriting + assert_allclose(q2, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(u, u0.conj(), self.rtol, self.atol) + + # now try with a fortran ordered Q + qF = q0.copy('F') + u1 = u0.copy() + q3, r3 = qr_insert(qF, r, u1, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q3, r3, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + check_qr(qF, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol) + + # try overwriting + q4, r4 = qr_insert(qF, r, u1, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q4, r4, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + assert_allclose(q4, qF, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_overwrite_qu_rank_p(self): + # when inserting rows, the size of both Q and R change, so only + # column inserts can potentially overwrite Q. In practice, only + # F ordered Q are overwritten with a rank p update. + a, q0, r, u, = self.generate('sqr', which='col', p=3) + q = q0.copy('F') + a1 = np.insert(a, np.zeros(3, np.intp), u, 1) + + # don't overwrite + q1, r1 = qr_insert(q, r, u, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol) + + # try overwriting + q2, r2 = qr_insert(q, r, u, 0, 'col', overwrite_qru=True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + assert_allclose(q2, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_empty_inputs(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('sqr', which='row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, np.array([]), r, u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, np.array([]), u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, np.array([]), 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, np.array([]), r, u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, np.array([]), u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, np.array([]), 0, 'col') + + def test_mismatched_shapes(self): + a, q, r, u = self.generate('tall', which='row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r[1:], u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q[:-2], r, u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, u[1:], 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r[1:], u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q[:-2], r, u, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r, u[1:], 0, 'col') + + def test_unsupported_dtypes(self): + dts = ['int8', 'int16', 'int32', 'int64', + 'uint8', 'uint16', 'uint32', 'uint64', + 'float16', 'longdouble', 'clongdouble', + 'bool'] + a, q0, r0, u0 = self.generate('sqr', which='row') + for dtype in dts: + q = q0.real.astype(dtype) + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + r = r0.real.astype(dtype) + u = u0.real.astype(dtype) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0, 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u, 0, 'col') + + def test_check_finite(self): + a0, q0, r0, u0 = self.generate('sqr', which='row', p=3) + + q = q0.copy('F') + q[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0[:,0], 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0[:,0], 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q, r0, u0, 0, 'col') + + r = r0.copy('F') + r[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0[:,0], 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0[:,0], 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r, u0, 0, 'col') + + u = u0.copy('F') + u[0,0] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u[:,0], 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u, 0, 'row') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u[:,0], 0, 'col') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_insert, q0, r0, u, 0, 'col') + +class TestQRinsert_f(BaseQRinsert): + dtype = np.dtype('f') + +class TestQRinsert_F(BaseQRinsert): + dtype = np.dtype('F') + +class TestQRinsert_d(BaseQRinsert): + dtype = np.dtype('d') + +class TestQRinsert_D(BaseQRinsert): + dtype = np.dtype('D') + +class BaseQRupdate(BaseQRdeltas): + def generate(self, type, mode='full', p=1): + a, q, r = super().generate(type, mode) + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + if p == 1: + u = rng.random(q.shape[0]) + v = rng.random(r.shape[1]) + else: + u = rng.random((q.shape[0], p)) + v = rng.random((r.shape[1], p)) + + if np.iscomplexobj(self.dtype.type(1)): + b = rng.random(u.shape) + u = u + 1j * b + + c = rng.random(v.shape) + v = v + 1j * c + + u = u.astype(self.dtype) + v = v.astype(self.dtype) + return a, q, r, u, v + + def test_sqr_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('sqr') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_sqr_rank_p(self): + # test ndim = 2, rank 1 updates here too + for p in [1, 2, 3, 5]: + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('sqr', p=p) + if p == 1: + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_tall_rank_p(self): + for p in [1, 2, 3, 5]: + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall', p=p) + if p == 1: + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('fat') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_fat_rank_p(self): + for p in [1, 2, 3, 5]: + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('fat', p=p) + if p == 1: + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_economic_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_economic_rank_p(self): + for p in [1, 2, 3, 5]: + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall', 'economic', p) + if p == 1: + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('Mx1') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_rank_p(self): + # when M or N == 1, only a rank 1 update is allowed. This isn't + # fundamental limitation, but the code does not support it. + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('Mx1', p=1) + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_Mx1_economic_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_Mx1_economic_rank_p(self): + # when M or N == 1, only a rank 1 update is allowed. This isn't + # fundamental limitation, but the code does not support it. + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('Mx1', 'economic', p=1) + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + def test_1xN_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('1xN') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1xN_rank_p(self): + # when M or N == 1, only a rank 1 update is allowed. This isn't + # fundamental limitation, but the code does not support it. + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('1xN', p=1) + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_rank_1(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('1x1') + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_rank_p(self): + # when M or N == 1, only a rank 1 update is allowed. This isn't + # fundamental limitation, but the code does not support it. + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('1x1', p=1) + u = u.reshape(u.size, 1) + v = v.reshape(v.size, 1) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + a1 = a + np.dot(u, v.T.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + + def test_1x1_rank_1_scalar(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('1x1') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q[0, 0], r, u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r[0, 0], u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u[0], v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u, v[0]) + + def base_non_simple_strides(self, adjust_strides, mode, p, overwriteable): + assert_sqr = False if mode == 'economic' else True + for type in ['sqr', 'tall', 'fat']: + a, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate(type, mode, p) + qs, rs, us, vs = adjust_strides((q0, r0, u0, v0)) + if p == 1: + aup = a + np.outer(u0, v0.conj()) + else: + aup = a + np.dot(u0, v0.T.conj()) + + # for each variable, q, r, u, v we try with it strided and + # overwrite=False. Then we try with overwrite=True, and make + # sure that if p == 1, r and v are still overwritten. + # a strided q and u must always be copied. + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + q1, r1 = qr_update(qs, r, u, v, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + q1o, r1o = qr_update(qs, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q1o, r1o, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(r1o, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(v, v0.conj(), rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + q2, r2 = qr_update(q, rs, u, v, False) + check_qr(q2, r2, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + q2o, r2o = qr_update(q, rs, u, v, True) + check_qr(q2o, r2o, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(r2o, rs, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(v, v0.conj(), rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + q3, r3 = qr_update(q, r, us, v, False) + check_qr(q3, r3, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + q3o, r3o = qr_update(q, r, us, v, True) + check_qr(q3o, r3o, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(r3o, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(v, v0.conj(), rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + q4, r4 = qr_update(q, r, u, vs, False) + check_qr(q4, r4, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + q4o, r4o = qr_update(q, r, u, vs, True) + check_qr(q4o, r4o, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(r4o, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(vs, v0.conj(), rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + # since some of these were consumed above + qs, rs, us, vs = adjust_strides((q, r, u, v)) + q5, r5 = qr_update(qs, rs, us, vs, False) + check_qr(q5, r5, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + q5o, r5o = qr_update(qs, rs, us, vs, True) + check_qr(q5o, r5o, aup, self.rtol, self.atol, assert_sqr) + if overwriteable: + assert_allclose(r5o, rs, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(vs, v0.conj(), rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_non_unit_strides_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 'full', 1, True) + + def test_non_unit_strides_economic_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 'economic', 1, True) + + def test_non_unit_strides_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 'full', 3, False) + + def test_non_unit_strides_economic_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_strided, 'economic', 3, False) + + def test_neg_strides_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 'full', 1, False) + + def test_neg_strides_economic_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 'economic', 1, False) + + def test_neg_strides_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 'full', 3, False) + + def test_neg_strides_economic_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(negate_strides, 'economic', 3, False) + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 'full', 1, False) + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_economic_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 'economic', 1, False) + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 'full', 3, False) + + def test_non_itemsize_strides_economic_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(nonitemsize_strides, 'economic', 3, False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 'full', 1, False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_economic_rank_1(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 'economic', 1, False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 'full', 3, False) + + def test_non_native_byte_order_economic_rank_p(self): + self.base_non_simple_strides(make_nonnative, 'economic', 3, False) + + def test_overwrite_qruv_rank_1(self): + # Any positive strided q, r, u, and v can be overwritten for a rank 1 + # update, only checking C and F contiguous. + a, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('sqr') + a1 = a + np.outer(u0, v0.conj()) + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('F') + + # don't overwrite + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol) + + q2, r2 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + # verify the overwriting, no good way to check u and v. + assert_allclose(q2, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r2, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('C') + r = r0.copy('C') + u = u0.copy('C') + v = v0.copy('C') + q3, r3 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q3, r3, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + assert_allclose(q3, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r3, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_overwrite_qruv_rank_1_economic(self): + # updating economic decompositions can overwrite any contiguous r, + # and positively strided r and u. V is only ever read. + # only checking C and F contiguous. + a, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('tall', 'economic') + a1 = a + np.outer(u0, v0.conj()) + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('F') + + # don't overwrite + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + + q2, r2 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + # verify the overwriting, no good way to check u and v. + assert_allclose(q2, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r2, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + q = q0.copy('C') + r = r0.copy('C') + u = u0.copy('C') + v = v0.copy('C') + q3, r3 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q3, r3, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + assert_allclose(q3, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r3, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_overwrite_qruv_rank_p(self): + # for rank p updates, q r must be F contiguous, v must be C (v.T --> F) + # and u can be C or F, but is only overwritten if Q is C and complex + a, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('sqr', p=3) + a1 = a + np.dot(u0, v0.T.conj()) + q = q0.copy('F') + r = r0.copy('F') + u = u0.copy('F') + v = v0.copy('C') + + # don't overwrite + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, False) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + check_qr(q, r, a, self.rtol, self.atol) + + q2, r2 = qr_update(q, r, u, v, True) + check_qr(q2, r2, a1, self.rtol, self.atol) + # verify the overwriting, no good way to check u and v. + assert_allclose(q2, q, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + assert_allclose(r2, r, rtol=self.rtol, atol=self.atol) + + def test_empty_inputs(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, np.array([]), r, u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, np.array([]), u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, np.array([]), v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u, np.array([])) + + def test_mismatched_shapes(self): + a, q, r, u, v = self.generate('tall') + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r[1:], u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q[:-2], r, u, v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u[1:], v) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u, v[1:]) + + def test_unsupported_dtypes(self): + dts = ['int8', 'int16', 'int32', 'int64', + 'uint8', 'uint16', 'uint32', 'uint64', + 'float16', 'longdouble', 'clongdouble', + 'bool'] + a, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('tall') + for dtype in dts: + q = q0.real.astype(dtype) + with np.errstate(invalid="ignore"): + r = r0.real.astype(dtype) + u = u0.real.astype(dtype) + v = v0.real.astype(dtype) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r0, u0, v0) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r, u0, v0) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u, v0) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u0, v) + + def test_integer_input(self): + q = np.arange(16).reshape(4, 4) + r = q.copy() # doesn't matter + u = q[:, 0].copy() + v = r[0, :].copy() + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r, u, v) + + def test_check_finite(self): + a0, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('tall', p=3) + + q = q0.copy('F') + q[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r0, u0[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r0, u0, v0) + + r = r0.copy('F') + r[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r, u0[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r, u0, v0) + + u = u0.copy('F') + u[0,0] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u, v0) + + v = v0.copy('F') + v[0,0] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u[:,0], v[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u, v) + + def test_economic_check_finite(self): + a0, q0, r0, u0, v0 = self.generate('tall', mode='economic', p=3) + + q = q0.copy('F') + q[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r0, u0[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q, r0, u0, v0) + + r = r0.copy('F') + r[1,1] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r, u0[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r, u0, v0) + + u = u0.copy('F') + u[0,0] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u[:,0], v0[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u, v0) + + v = v0.copy('F') + v[0,0] = np.nan + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u[:,0], v[:,0]) + assert_raises(ValueError, qr_update, q0, r0, u, v) + + def test_u_exactly_in_span_q(self): + q = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 0], [1, 0], [0, 1]], self.dtype) + r = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]], self.dtype) + u = np.array([0, 0, 0, -1], self.dtype) + v = np.array([1, 2], self.dtype) + q1, r1 = qr_update(q, r, u, v) + a1 = np.dot(q, r) + np.outer(u, v.conj()) + check_qr(q1, r1, a1, self.rtol, self.atol, False) + +class TestQRupdate_f(BaseQRupdate): + dtype = np.dtype('f') + +class TestQRupdate_F(BaseQRupdate): + dtype = np.dtype('F') + +class TestQRupdate_d(BaseQRupdate): + dtype = np.dtype('d') + +class TestQRupdate_D(BaseQRupdate): + dtype = np.dtype('D') + +def test_form_qTu(): + # We want to ensure that all of the code paths through this function are + # tested. Most of them should be hit with the rest of test suite, but + # explicit tests make clear precisely what is being tested. + # + # This function expects that Q is either C or F contiguous and square. + # Economic mode decompositions (Q is (M, N), M != N) do not go through this + # function. U may have any positive strides. + # + # Some of these test are duplicates, since contiguous 1d arrays are both C + # and F. + + q_order = ['F', 'C'] + q_shape = [(8, 8), ] + u_order = ['F', 'C', 'A'] # here A means is not F not C + u_shape = [1, 3] + dtype = ['f', 'd', 'F', 'D'] + + for qo, qs, uo, us, d in \ + itertools.product(q_order, q_shape, u_order, u_shape, dtype): + if us == 1: + check_form_qTu(qo, qs, uo, us, 1, d) + check_form_qTu(qo, qs, uo, us, 2, d) + else: + check_form_qTu(qo, qs, uo, us, 2, d) + +def check_form_qTu(q_order, q_shape, u_order, u_shape, u_ndim, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(47) + if u_shape == 1 and u_ndim == 1: + u_shape = (q_shape[0],) + else: + u_shape = (q_shape[0], u_shape) + dtype = np.dtype(dtype) + + if dtype.char in 'fd': + q = rng.random(q_shape) + u = rng.random(u_shape) + elif dtype.char in 'FD': + q = rng.random(q_shape) + 1j*rng.random(q_shape) + u = rng.random(u_shape) + 1j*rng.random(u_shape) + else: + raise ValueError("form_qTu doesn't support this dtype") + + q = np.require(q, dtype, q_order) + if u_order != 'A': + u = np.require(u, dtype, u_order) + else: + u, = make_strided((u.astype(dtype),)) + + rtol = 10.0 ** -(np.finfo(dtype).precision-2) + atol = 2*np.finfo(dtype).eps + + expected = np.dot(q.T.conj(), u) + res = _decomp_update._form_qTu(q, u) + assert_allclose(res, expected, rtol=rtol, atol=atol) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_extending.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_extending.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c9b24bc7351ed20bcaff809bd5fad22ec3ca323 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_extending.py @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ +import os +import platform +import sysconfig + +import numpy as np +import pytest + +from scipy._lib._testutils import IS_EDITABLE, _test_cython_extension, cython +from scipy.linalg.blas import cdotu # type: ignore[attr-defined] +from scipy.linalg.lapack import dgtsv # type: ignore[attr-defined] + + +@pytest.mark.parallel_threads_limit(4) # 0.35 GiB per thread RAM usage +@pytest.mark.fail_slow(120) +# essential per https://github.com/scipy/scipy/pull/20487#discussion_r1567057247 +@pytest.mark.skipif(IS_EDITABLE, + reason='Editable install cannot find .pxd headers.') +@pytest.mark.skipif((platform.system() == 'Windows' and + sysconfig.get_config_var('Py_GIL_DISABLED')), + reason='gh-22039') +@pytest.mark.skipif(platform.machine() in ["wasm32", "wasm64"], + reason="Can't start subprocess") +@pytest.mark.skipif(cython is None, reason="requires cython") +def test_cython(tmp_path): + srcdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)) + extensions, extensions_cpp = _test_cython_extension(tmp_path, srcdir) + # actually test the cython c-extensions + a = np.ones(8) * 3 + b = np.ones(9) + c = np.ones(8) * 4 + x = np.ones(9) + _, _, _, x, _ = dgtsv(a, b, c, x) + a = np.ones(8) * 3 + b = np.ones(9) + c = np.ones(8) * 4 + x_c = np.ones(9) + extensions.tridiag(a, b, c, x_c) + a = np.ones(8) * 3 + b = np.ones(9) + c = np.ones(8) * 4 + x_cpp = np.ones(9) + extensions_cpp.tridiag(a, b, c, x_cpp) + np.testing.assert_array_equal(x, x_cpp) + cx = np.array([1-1j, 2+2j, 3-3j], dtype=np.complex64) + cy = np.array([4+4j, 5-5j, 6+6j], dtype=np.complex64) + np.testing.assert_array_equal(cdotu(cx, cy), extensions.complex_dot(cx, cy)) + np.testing.assert_array_equal(cdotu(cx, cy), extensions_cpp.complex_dot(cx, cy)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_fblas.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_fblas.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9f38ef5403ee181f8522752a0f1a1a6df676c16a --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_fblas.py @@ -0,0 +1,602 @@ +# Test interfaces to fortran blas. +# +# The tests are more of interface than they are of the underlying blas. +# Only very small matrices checked -- N=3 or so. +# +# !! Complex calculations really aren't checked that carefully. +# !! Only real valued complex numbers are used in tests. +from itertools import product +import sys + +import numpy as np +from numpy import float32, float64, complex64, complex128, arange, array, \ + zeros, shape, transpose, newaxis, common_type, conjugate + +from scipy.linalg import _fblas as fblas + +from numpy.testing import assert_array_equal, \ + assert_allclose, assert_array_almost_equal, assert_ + +import pytest + +# decimal accuracy to require between Python and LAPACK/BLAS calculations +accuracy = 5 + +# Since numpy.dot likely uses the same blas, use this routine +# to check. + + +def matrixmultiply(a, b): + if len(b.shape) == 1: + b_is_vector = True + b = b[:, newaxis] + else: + b_is_vector = False + assert_(a.shape[1] == b.shape[0]) + c = zeros((a.shape[0], b.shape[1]), common_type(a, b)) + for i in range(a.shape[0]): + for j in range(b.shape[1]): + s = 0 + for k in range(a.shape[1]): + s += a[i, k] * b[k, j] + c[i, j] = s + if b_is_vector: + c = c.reshape((a.shape[0],)) + return c + +################################################## +# Test blas ?axpy + + +class BaseAxpy: + ''' Mixin class for axpy tests ''' + + def test_default_a(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = arange(3., dtype=x.dtype) + real_y = x*1.+y + y = self.blas_func(x, y) + assert_array_equal(real_y, y) + + def test_simple(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = arange(3., dtype=x.dtype) + real_y = x*3.+y + y = self.blas_func(x, y, a=3.) + assert_array_equal(real_y, y) + + def test_x_stride(self): + x = arange(6., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(3, x.dtype) + y = arange(3., dtype=x.dtype) + real_y = x[::2]*3.+y + y = self.blas_func(x, y, a=3., n=3, incx=2) + assert_array_equal(real_y, y) + + def test_y_stride(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + real_y = x*3.+y[::2] + y = self.blas_func(x, y, a=3., n=3, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(real_y, y[::2]) + + def test_x_and_y_stride(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + real_y = x[::4]*3.+y[::2] + y = self.blas_func(x, y, a=3., n=3, incx=4, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(real_y, y[::2]) + + def test_x_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=4, incx=5) + + def test_y_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incy=5) + + +try: + class TestSaxpy(BaseAxpy): + blas_func = fblas.saxpy + dtype = float32 +except AttributeError: + class TestSaxpy: + pass + + +class TestDaxpy(BaseAxpy): + blas_func = fblas.daxpy + dtype = float64 + + +try: + class TestCaxpy(BaseAxpy): + blas_func = fblas.caxpy + dtype = complex64 +except AttributeError: + class TestCaxpy: + pass + + +class TestZaxpy(BaseAxpy): + blas_func = fblas.zaxpy + dtype = complex128 + + +################################################## +# Test blas ?scal + +class BaseScal: + ''' Mixin class for scal testing ''' + + def test_simple(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + real_x = x*3. + x = self.blas_func(3., x) + assert_array_equal(real_x, x) + + def test_x_stride(self): + x = arange(6., dtype=self.dtype) + real_x = x.copy() + real_x[::2] = x[::2]*array(3., self.dtype) + x = self.blas_func(3., x, n=3, incx=2) + assert_array_equal(real_x, x) + + def test_x_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(2., x, n=4, incx=5) + + +try: + class TestSscal(BaseScal): + blas_func = fblas.sscal + dtype = float32 +except AttributeError: + class TestSscal: + pass + + +class TestDscal(BaseScal): + blas_func = fblas.dscal + dtype = float64 + + +try: + class TestCscal(BaseScal): + blas_func = fblas.cscal + dtype = complex64 +except AttributeError: + class TestCscal: + pass + + +class TestZscal(BaseScal): + blas_func = fblas.zscal + dtype = complex128 + + +################################################## +# Test blas ?copy + +class BaseCopy: + ''' Mixin class for copy testing ''' + + def test_simple(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(shape(x), x.dtype) + y = self.blas_func(x, y) + assert_array_equal(x, y) + + def test_x_stride(self): + x = arange(6., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(3, x.dtype) + y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incx=2) + assert_array_equal(x[::2], y) + + def test_y_stride(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(x, y[::2]) + + def test_x_and_y_stride(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incx=4, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(x[::4], y[::2]) + + def test_x_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=4, incx=5) + + def test_y_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incy=5) + + # def test_y_bad_type(self): + ## Hmmm. Should this work? What should be the output. + # x = arange(3.,dtype=self.dtype) + # y = zeros(shape(x)) + # self.blas_func(x,y) + # assert_array_equal(x,y) + + +try: + class TestScopy(BaseCopy): + blas_func = fblas.scopy + dtype = float32 +except AttributeError: + class TestScopy: + pass + + +class TestDcopy(BaseCopy): + blas_func = fblas.dcopy + dtype = float64 + + +try: + class TestCcopy(BaseCopy): + blas_func = fblas.ccopy + dtype = complex64 +except AttributeError: + class TestCcopy: + pass + + +class TestZcopy(BaseCopy): + blas_func = fblas.zcopy + dtype = complex128 + + +################################################## +# Test blas ?swap + +class BaseSwap: + ''' Mixin class for swap tests ''' + + def test_simple(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(shape(x), x.dtype) + desired_x = y.copy() + desired_y = x.copy() + x, y = self.blas_func(x, y) + assert_array_equal(desired_x, x) + assert_array_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_x_stride(self): + x = arange(6., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(3, x.dtype) + desired_x = y.copy() + desired_y = x.copy()[::2] + x, y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incx=2) + assert_array_equal(desired_x, x[::2]) + assert_array_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_y_stride(self): + x = arange(3., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + desired_x = y.copy()[::2] + desired_y = x.copy() + x, y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(desired_x, x) + assert_array_equal(desired_y, y[::2]) + + def test_x_and_y_stride(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + desired_x = y.copy()[::2] + desired_y = x.copy()[::4] + x, y = self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incx=4, incy=2) + assert_array_equal(desired_x, x[::4]) + assert_array_equal(desired_y, y[::2]) + + def test_x_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=4, incx=5) + + def test_y_bad_size(self): + x = arange(12., dtype=self.dtype) + y = zeros(6, x.dtype) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 1st keyword'): + self.blas_func(x, y, n=3, incy=5) + + +try: + class TestSswap(BaseSwap): + blas_func = fblas.sswap + dtype = float32 +except AttributeError: + class TestSswap: + pass + + +class TestDswap(BaseSwap): + blas_func = fblas.dswap + dtype = float64 + + +try: + class TestCswap(BaseSwap): + blas_func = fblas.cswap + dtype = complex64 +except AttributeError: + class TestCswap: + pass + + +class TestZswap(BaseSwap): + blas_func = fblas.zswap + dtype = complex128 + +################################################## +# Test blas ?gemv +# This will be a mess to test all cases. + + +class BaseGemv: + ''' Mixin class for gemv tests ''' + + def get_data(self, x_stride=1, y_stride=1): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + mult = array(1, dtype=self.dtype) + if self.dtype in [complex64, complex128]: + mult = array(1+1j, dtype=self.dtype) + alpha = array(1., dtype=self.dtype) * mult + beta = array(1., dtype=self.dtype) * mult + a = rng.normal(0., 1., (3, 3)).astype(self.dtype) * mult + x = arange(shape(a)[0]*x_stride, dtype=self.dtype) * mult + y = arange(shape(a)[1]*y_stride, dtype=self.dtype) * mult + return alpha, beta, a, x, y + + def test_simple(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data() + desired_y = alpha*matrixmultiply(a, x)+beta*y + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_default_beta_y(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data() + desired_y = matrixmultiply(a, x) + y = self.blas_func(1, a, x) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_simple_transpose(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data() + desired_y = alpha*matrixmultiply(transpose(a), x)+beta*y + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, trans=1) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_simple_transpose_conj(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data() + desired_y = alpha*matrixmultiply(transpose(conjugate(a)), x)+beta*y + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, trans=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_x_stride(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + desired_y = alpha*matrixmultiply(a, x[::2])+beta*y + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, incx=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_x_stride_transpose(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + desired_y = alpha*matrixmultiply(transpose(a), x[::2])+beta*y + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, trans=1, incx=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_x_stride_assert(self): + # What is the use of this test? + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 3rd argument'): + y = self.blas_func(1, a, x, 1, y, trans=0, incx=3) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 3rd argument'): + y = self.blas_func(1, a, x, 1, y, trans=1, incx=3) + + def test_y_stride(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + desired_y = y.copy() + desired_y[::2] = alpha*matrixmultiply(a, x)+beta*y[::2] + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, incy=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_y_stride_transpose(self): + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + desired_y = y.copy() + desired_y[::2] = alpha*matrixmultiply(transpose(a), x)+beta*y[::2] + y = self.blas_func(alpha, a, x, beta, y, trans=1, incy=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_y, y) + + def test_y_stride_assert(self): + # What is the use of this test? + alpha, beta, a, x, y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 2nd keyword'): + y = self.blas_func(1, a, x, 1, y, trans=0, incy=3) + with pytest.raises(Exception, match='failed for 2nd keyword'): + y = self.blas_func(1, a, x, 1, y, trans=1, incy=3) + + +try: + class TestSgemv(BaseGemv): + blas_func = fblas.sgemv + dtype = float32 + + @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.platform != 'darwin', reason="MacOS specific test") + def test_sgemv_on_osx(self): + def aligned_array(shape, align, dtype, order='C'): + # Make array shape `shape` with aligned at `align` bytes + d = dtype() + # Make array of correct size with `align` extra bytes + N = np.prod(shape) + tmp = np.zeros(N * d.nbytes + align, dtype=np.uint8) + address = tmp.__array_interface__["data"][0] + # Find offset into array giving desired alignment + for offset in range(align): + if (address + offset) % align == 0: + break + tmp = tmp[offset:offset+N*d.nbytes].view(dtype=dtype) + return tmp.reshape(shape, order=order) + + def as_aligned(arr, align, dtype, order='C'): + # Copy `arr` into an aligned array with same shape + aligned = aligned_array(arr.shape, align, dtype, order) + aligned[:] = arr[:] + return aligned + + def assert_dot_close(A, X, desired): + assert_allclose(self.blas_func(1.0, A, X), desired, + rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-7) + + testdata = product((15, 32), (10000,), (200, 89), ('C', 'F')) + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for align, m, n, a_order in testdata: + A_d = rng.random((m, n)) + X_d = rng.random(n) + desired = np.dot(A_d, X_d) + # Calculation with aligned single precision + A_f = as_aligned(A_d, align, np.float32, order=a_order) + X_f = as_aligned(X_d, align, np.float32, order=a_order) + assert_dot_close(A_f, X_f, desired) + +except AttributeError: + class TestSgemv: + pass + + +class TestDgemv(BaseGemv): + blas_func = fblas.dgemv + dtype = float64 + + +try: + class TestCgemv(BaseGemv): + blas_func = fblas.cgemv + dtype = complex64 +except AttributeError: + class TestCgemv: + pass + + +class TestZgemv(BaseGemv): + blas_func = fblas.zgemv + dtype = complex128 + + +""" +################################################## +### Test blas ?ger +### This will be a mess to test all cases. + +class BaseGer: + def get_data(self,x_stride=1,y_stride=1): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + alpha = array(1., dtype = self.dtype) + a = rng.normal(0.,1.,(3,3)).astype(self.dtype) + x = arange(shape(a)[0]*x_stride,dtype=self.dtype) + y = arange(shape(a)[1]*y_stride,dtype=self.dtype) + return alpha,a,x,y + def test_simple(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data() + # transpose takes care of Fortran vs. C(and Python) memory layout + desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[:,newaxis]*y) + a + self.blas_func(x,y,a) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + def test_x_stride(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[::2,newaxis]*y) + a + self.blas_func(x,y,a,incx=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + def test_x_stride_assert(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='foo'): + self.blas_func(x,y,a,incx=3) + def test_y_stride(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[:,newaxis]*y[::2]) + a + self.blas_func(x,y,a,incy=2) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + + def test_y_stride_assert(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='foo'): + self.blas_func(a,x,y,incy=3) + +class TestSger(BaseGer): + blas_func = fblas.sger + dtype = float32 +class TestDger(BaseGer): + blas_func = fblas.dger + dtype = float64 +""" +################################################## +# Test blas ?gerc +# This will be a mess to test all cases. + +""" +class BaseGerComplex(BaseGer): + def get_data(self,x_stride=1,y_stride=1): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + alpha = array(1+1j, dtype = self.dtype) + a = rng.normal(0.,1.,(3,3)).astype(self.dtype) + a = a + rng.normal(0.,1.,(3,3)) * array(1j, dtype = self.dtype) + x = rng.normal(0.,1.,shape(a)[0]*x_stride).astype(self.dtype) + x = x + x * array(1j, dtype = self.dtype) + y = rng.normal(0.,1.,shape(a)[1]*y_stride).astype(self.dtype) + y = y + y * array(1j, dtype = self.dtype) + return alpha,a,x,y + def test_simple(self): + alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data() + # transpose takes care of Fortran vs. C(and Python) memory layout + a = a * array(0.,dtype = self.dtype) + #desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[:,newaxis]*self.transform(y)) + a + desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[:,newaxis]*y) + a + #self.blas_func(x,y,a,alpha = alpha) + fblas.cgeru(x,y,a,alpha = alpha) + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + + #def test_x_stride(self): + # alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(x_stride=2) + # desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[::2,newaxis]*self.transform(y)) + a + # self.blas_func(x,y,a,incx=2) + # assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + #def test_y_stride(self): + # alpha,a,x,y = self.get_data(y_stride=2) + # desired_a = alpha*transpose(x[:,newaxis]*self.transform(y[::2])) + a + # self.blas_func(x,y,a,incy=2) + # assert_array_almost_equal(desired_a,a) + +class TestCgeru(BaseGerComplex): + blas_func = fblas.cgeru + dtype = complex64 + def transform(self,x): + return x +class TestZgeru(BaseGerComplex): + blas_func = fblas.zgeru + dtype = complex128 + def transform(self,x): + return x + +class TestCgerc(BaseGerComplex): + blas_func = fblas.cgerc + dtype = complex64 + def transform(self,x): + return conjugate(x) + +class TestZgerc(BaseGerComplex): + blas_func = fblas.zgerc + dtype = complex128 + def transform(self,x): + return conjugate(x) +""" diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_interpolative.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_interpolative.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bc250b475afb8087a09021a5bc7d803c137761e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_interpolative.py @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ +# ****************************************************************************** +# Copyright (C) 2013 Kenneth L. Ho +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: +# +# Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this +# list of conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions in binary +# form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and +# the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials +# provided with the distribution. +# +# None of the names of the copyright holders may be used to endorse or +# promote products derived from this software without specific prior written +# permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" +# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE +# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR +# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF +# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN +# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) +# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE +# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. +# ****************************************************************************** + +import scipy.linalg.interpolative as pymatrixid +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import hilbert, svdvals, norm +from scipy.sparse.linalg import aslinearoperator +from scipy.linalg.interpolative import interp_decomp + +from numpy.testing import (assert_, assert_allclose, assert_equal, + assert_array_equal) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + + +@pytest.fixture() +def eps(): + yield 1e-12 + + +@pytest.fixture() +def rng(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1718313768084012) + yield rng + + +@pytest.fixture(params=[np.float64, np.complex128]) +def A(request): + # construct Hilbert matrix + # set parameters + n = 300 + yield hilbert(n).astype(request.param) + + +@pytest.fixture() +def L(A): + yield aslinearoperator(A) + + +@pytest.fixture() +def rank(A, eps): + S = np.linalg.svd(A, compute_uv=False) + try: + rank = np.nonzero(S < eps)[0][0] + except IndexError: + rank = A.shape[0] + return rank + + +class TestInterpolativeDecomposition: + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "rand,lin_op", + [(False, False), (True, False), (True, True)]) + def test_real_id_fixed_precision(self, A, L, eps, rand, lin_op, rng): + # Test ID routines on a Hilbert matrix. + A_or_L = A if not lin_op else L + + k, idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A_or_L, eps, rand=rand, rng=rng) + B = pymatrixid.reconstruct_matrix_from_id(A[:, idx[:k]], idx, proj) + assert_allclose(A, B, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "rand,lin_op", + [(False, False), (True, False), (True, True)]) + def test_real_id_fixed_rank(self, A, L, eps, rank, rand, lin_op, rng): + k = rank + A_or_L = A if not lin_op else L + + idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A_or_L, k, rand=rand, rng=rng) + B = pymatrixid.reconstruct_matrix_from_id(A[:, idx[:k]], idx, proj) + assert_allclose(A, B, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("rand,lin_op", [(False, False)]) + def test_real_id_skel_and_interp_matrices( + self, A, L, eps, rank, rand, lin_op, rng): + k = rank + A_or_L = A if not lin_op else L + + idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A_or_L, k, rand=rand, rng=rng) + P = pymatrixid.reconstruct_interp_matrix(idx, proj) + B = pymatrixid.reconstruct_skel_matrix(A, k, idx) + assert_allclose(B, A[:, idx[:k]], rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + assert_allclose(B @ P, A, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "rand,lin_op", + [(False, False), (True, False), (True, True)]) + def test_svd_fixed_precision(self, A, L, eps, rand, lin_op, rng): + A_or_L = A if not lin_op else L + + U, S, V = pymatrixid.svd(A_or_L, eps, rand=rand, rng=rng) + B = U * S @ V.T.conj() + assert_allclose(A, B, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize( + "rand,lin_op", + [(False, False), (True, False), (True, True)]) + def test_svd_fixed_rank(self, A, L, eps, rank, rand, lin_op, rng): + k = rank + A_or_L = A if not lin_op else L + + U, S, V = pymatrixid.svd(A_or_L, k, rand=rand, rng=rng) + B = U * S @ V.T.conj() + assert_allclose(A, B, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + def test_id_to_svd(self, A, eps, rank): + k = rank + + idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A, k, rand=False) + U, S, V = pymatrixid.id_to_svd(A[:, idx[:k]], idx, proj) + B = U * S @ V.T.conj() + assert_allclose(A, B, rtol=eps, atol=1e-08) + + def test_estimate_spectral_norm(self, A, rng): + s = svdvals(A) + norm_2_est = pymatrixid.estimate_spectral_norm(A, rng=rng) + assert_allclose(norm_2_est, s[0], rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-8) + + def test_estimate_spectral_norm_diff(self, A, rng): + B = A.copy() + B[:, 0] *= 1.2 + s = svdvals(A - B) + norm_2_est = pymatrixid.estimate_spectral_norm_diff(A, B, rng=rng) + assert_allclose(norm_2_est, s[0], rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-8) + + def test_rank_estimates_array(self, A, rng): + B = np.array([[1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1]], dtype=A.dtype) + + for M in [A, B]: + rank_tol = 1e-9 + rank_np = np.linalg.matrix_rank(M, norm(M, 2) * rank_tol) + rank_est = pymatrixid.estimate_rank(M, rank_tol, rng=rng) + assert_(rank_est >= rank_np) + assert_(rank_est <= rank_np + 10) + + def test_rank_estimates_lin_op(self, A, rng): + B = np.array([[1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1]], dtype=A.dtype) + + for M in [A, B]: + ML = aslinearoperator(M) + rank_tol = 1e-9 + rank_np = np.linalg.matrix_rank(M, norm(M, 2) * rank_tol) + rank_est = pymatrixid.estimate_rank(ML, rank_tol, rng=rng) + assert_(rank_est >= rank_np - 4) + assert_(rank_est <= rank_np + 4) + + def test_badcall(self): + A = hilbert(5).astype(np.float32) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A, 1e-6, rand=False) + + def test_rank_too_large(self): + # svd(array, k) should not segfault + a = np.ones((4, 3)) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + pymatrixid.svd(a, 4) + + def test_full_rank(self): + eps = 1.0e-12 + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + # fixed precision + A = rng.random((16, 8)) + k, idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A, eps) + assert_equal(k, A.shape[1]) + + P = pymatrixid.reconstruct_interp_matrix(idx, proj) + B = pymatrixid.reconstruct_skel_matrix(A, k, idx) + assert_allclose(A, B @ P) + + # fixed rank + idx, proj = pymatrixid.interp_decomp(A, k) + + P = pymatrixid.reconstruct_interp_matrix(idx, proj) + B = pymatrixid.reconstruct_skel_matrix(A, k, idx) + assert_allclose(A, B @ P) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [np.float64, np.complex128]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("rand", [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("eps", [1, 0.1]) + def test_bug_9793(self, dtype, rand, eps): + A = np.array([[-1, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1]], + dtype=dtype, order="C") + B = A.copy() + interp_decomp(A.T, eps, rand=rand) + assert_array_equal(A, B) + + def test_svd_aslinearoperator_shape_check(self): + # See gh-issue #22451 + rng = np.random.default_rng(1744580941832515) + x = rng.uniform(size=[7, 5]) + xl = aslinearoperator(x) + u, s, v = pymatrixid.svd(xl, 3) + assert_equal(u.shape, (7, 3)) + assert_equal(s.shape, (3,)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (5, 3)) + + x = rng.uniform(size=[4, 9]) + xl = aslinearoperator(x) + u, s, v = pymatrixid.svd(xl, 2) + assert_equal(u.shape, (4, 2)) + assert_equal(s.shape, (2,)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (9, 2)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_lapack.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_lapack.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0803809a86ee625ae3c3a2db3c3ae3089b9b412b --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_lapack.py @@ -0,0 +1,3616 @@ +# +# Created by: Pearu Peterson, September 2002 +# + +from functools import reduce +import sysconfig + +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_array_almost_equal, assert_, + assert_allclose, assert_almost_equal, + assert_array_equal) +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +import numpy as np +from numpy import (eye, ones, zeros, zeros_like, triu, tril, tril_indices, + triu_indices) + +from scipy.linalg import (_flapack as flapack, lapack, inv, svd, cholesky, + solve, ldl, norm, block_diag, qr, eigh, qz) +from scipy.linalg._basic import _to_banded +from scipy.linalg.lapack import _compute_lwork +from scipy.stats import ortho_group, unitary_group + +import scipy.sparse as sps + +try: + from scipy.linalg import _clapack as clapack +except ImportError: + clapack = None +from scipy.linalg.lapack import get_lapack_funcs +from scipy.linalg.blas import get_blas_funcs + +from scipy.__config__ import CONFIG +blas_provider = blas_version = None +blas_provider = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['blas']['name'] +blas_version = CONFIG['Build Dependencies']['blas']['version'] + +REAL_DTYPES = [np.float32, np.float64] +COMPLEX_DTYPES = [np.complex64, np.complex128] +DTYPES = REAL_DTYPES + COMPLEX_DTYPES + + +def generate_random_dtype_array(shape, dtype, rng): + # generates a random matrix of desired data type of shape + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + return (rng.rand(*shape) + + rng.rand(*shape)*1.0j).astype(dtype) + return rng.rand(*shape).astype(dtype) + + +def test_lapack_documented(): + """Test that all entries are in the doc.""" + if lapack.__doc__ is None: # just in case there is a python -OO + pytest.skip('lapack.__doc__ is None') + names = set(lapack.__doc__.split()) + ignore_list = { + "absolute_import", + "clapack", + "division", + "find_best_lapack_type", + "flapack", + "print_function", + "HAS_ILP64", + "np", + } + missing = list() + for name in dir(lapack): + if (not name.startswith('_') and name not in ignore_list and + name not in names): + missing.append(name) + assert missing == [], 'Name(s) missing from lapack.__doc__ or ignore_list' + + +def test_ilp64_blas_lapack_both_or_none(): + from scipy.linalg.blas import HAS_ILP64 as blas_has_ilp64 + from scipy.linalg.lapack import HAS_ILP64 as lapack_has_ilp64 + assert blas_has_ilp64 == lapack_has_ilp64 + + +class TestFlapackSimple: + + def test_gebal(self): + a = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]] + a1 = [[1, 0, 0, 3e-4], + [4, 0, 0, 2e-3], + [7, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0]] + for p in 'sdzc': + f = getattr(flapack, p+'gebal', None) + if f is None: + continue + ba, lo, hi, pivscale, info = f(a) + assert_(not info, repr(info)) + assert_array_almost_equal(ba, a) + assert_equal((lo, hi), (0, len(a[0])-1)) + assert_array_almost_equal(pivscale, np.ones(len(a))) + + ba, lo, hi, pivscale, info = f(a1, permute=1, scale=1) + assert_(not info, repr(info)) + # print(a1) + # print(ba, lo, hi, pivscale) + + def test_gehrd(self): + a = [[-149, -50, -154], + [537, 180, 546], + [-27, -9, -25]] + for p in 'd': + f = getattr(flapack, p+'gehrd', None) + if f is None: + continue + ht, tau, info = f(a) + assert_(not info, repr(info)) + + def test_trsyl(self): + a = np.array([[1, 2], [0, 4]]) + b = np.array([[5, 6], [0, 8]]) + c = np.array([[9, 10], [11, 12]]) + trans = 'T' + + # Test single and double implementations, including most + # of the options + for dtype in 'fdFD': + a1, b1, c1 = a.astype(dtype), b.astype(dtype), c.astype(dtype) + trsyl, = get_lapack_funcs(('trsyl',), (a1,)) + if dtype.isupper(): # is complex dtype + a1[0] += 1j + trans = 'C' + + x, scale, info = trsyl(a1, b1, c1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a1, x) + np.dot(x, b1), + scale * c1) + + x, scale, info = trsyl(a1, b1, c1, trana=trans, tranb=trans) + assert_array_almost_equal( + np.dot(a1.conjugate().T, x) + np.dot(x, b1.conjugate().T), + scale * c1, decimal=4) + + x, scale, info = trsyl(a1, b1, c1, isgn=-1) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a1, x) - np.dot(x, b1), + scale * c1, decimal=4) + + def test_lange(self): + a = np.array([ + [-149, -50, -154], + [537, 180, 546], + [-27, -9, -25]]) + + for dtype in 'fdFD': + for norm_str in 'Mm1OoIiFfEe': + a1 = a.astype(dtype) + if dtype.isupper(): + # is complex dtype + a1[0, 0] += 1j + + lange, = get_lapack_funcs(('lange',), (a1,)) + value = lange(norm_str, a1) + + if norm_str in 'FfEe': + if dtype in 'Ff': + decimal = 3 + else: + decimal = 7 + ref = np.sqrt(np.sum(np.square(np.abs(a1)))) + assert_almost_equal(value, ref, decimal) + else: + if norm_str in 'Mm': + ref = np.max(np.abs(a1)) + elif norm_str in '1Oo': + ref = np.max(np.sum(np.abs(a1), axis=0)) + elif norm_str in 'Ii': + ref = np.max(np.sum(np.abs(a1), axis=1)) + + assert_equal(value, ref) + + +class TestLapack: + + def test_flapack(self): + if hasattr(flapack, 'empty_module'): + # flapack module is empty + pass + + def test_clapack(self): + if hasattr(clapack, 'empty_module'): + # clapack module is empty + pass + + +class TestLeastSquaresSolvers: + + def test_gels(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + # Test fat/tall matrix argument handling - gh-issue #8329 + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + m = 10 + n = 20 + nrhs = 1 + a1 = rng.random((m, n)).astype(dtype) + b1 = rng.random(n).astype(dtype) + gls, glslw = get_lapack_funcs(('gels', 'gels_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + + # Request of sizes + lwork = _compute_lwork(glslw, m, n, nrhs) + _, _, info = gls(a1, b1, lwork=lwork) + assert_(info >= 0) + _, _, info = gls(a1, b1, trans='TTCC'[ind], lwork=lwork) + assert_(info >= 0) + + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], + [4.0, 5.0], + [7.0, 8.0]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0, 20.0], dtype=dtype) + gels, gels_lwork, geqrf = get_lapack_funcs( + ('gels', 'gels_lwork', 'geqrf'), (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + lwork = _compute_lwork(gels_lwork, m, n, nrhs) + + lqr, x, info = gels(a1, b1, lwork=lwork) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], np.array([-14.333333333333323, + 14.999999999999991], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + lqr_truth, _, _, _ = geqrf(a1) + assert_array_equal(lqr, lqr_truth) + + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0+4.0j, 2.0], + [4.0+0.5j, 5.0-3.0j], + [7.0-2.0j, 8.0+0.7j]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0+2.0j, 20.0-4.0j], dtype=dtype) + gels, gels_lwork, geqrf = get_lapack_funcs( + ('gels', 'gels_lwork', 'geqrf'), (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + lwork = _compute_lwork(gels_lwork, m, n, nrhs) + + lqr, x, info = gels(a1, b1, lwork=lwork) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], + np.array([1.161753632288328-1.901075709391912j, + 1.735882340522193+1.521240901196909j], + dtype=dtype), rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + lqr_truth, _, _, _ = geqrf(a1) + assert_array_equal(lqr, lqr_truth) + + def test_gelsd(self): + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], + [4.0, 5.0], + [7.0, 8.0]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0, 20.0], dtype=dtype) + gelsd, gelsd_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelsd', 'gelsd_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, iwork, info = gelsd_lwork(m, n, nrhs, -1) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + iwork_size = iwork + + x, s, rank, info = gelsd(a1, b1, lwork, iwork_size, + -1, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], np.array([-14.333333333333323, + 14.999999999999991], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + assert_allclose(s, np.array([12.596017180511966, + 0.583396253199685], dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0+4.0j, 2.0], + [4.0+0.5j, 5.0-3.0j], + [7.0-2.0j, 8.0+0.7j]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0+2.0j, 20.0-4.0j], dtype=dtype) + gelsd, gelsd_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelsd', 'gelsd_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, rwork, iwork, info = gelsd_lwork(m, n, nrhs, -1) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + rwork_size = int(rwork) + iwork_size = iwork + + x, s, rank, info = gelsd(a1, b1, lwork, rwork_size, iwork_size, + -1, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], + np.array([1.161753632288328-1.901075709391912j, + 1.735882340522193+1.521240901196909j], + dtype=dtype), rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + assert_allclose(s, + np.array([13.035514762572043, 4.337666985231382], + dtype=dtype), rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + def test_gelss(self): + + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], + [4.0, 5.0], + [7.0, 8.0]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0, 20.0], dtype=dtype) + gelss, gelss_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelss', 'gelss_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, info = gelss_lwork(m, n, nrhs, -1) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + + v, x, s, rank, work, info = gelss(a1, b1, -1, lwork, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], np.array([-14.333333333333323, + 14.999999999999991], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + assert_allclose(s, np.array([12.596017180511966, + 0.583396253199685], dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0+4.0j, 2.0], + [4.0+0.5j, 5.0-3.0j], + [7.0-2.0j, 8.0+0.7j]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0+2.0j, 20.0-4.0j], dtype=dtype) + gelss, gelss_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelss', 'gelss_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, info = gelss_lwork(m, n, nrhs, -1) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + + v, x, s, rank, work, info = gelss(a1, b1, -1, lwork, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], + np.array([1.161753632288328-1.901075709391912j, + 1.735882340522193+1.521240901196909j], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + assert_allclose(s, np.array([13.035514762572043, + 4.337666985231382], dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + def test_gelsy(self): + + for dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0, 2.0], + [4.0, 5.0], + [7.0, 8.0]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0, 20.0], dtype=dtype) + gelsy, gelsy_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelsy', 'gelss_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, info = gelsy_lwork(m, n, nrhs, 10*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + + jptv = np.zeros((a1.shape[1], 1), dtype=np.int32) + v, x, j, rank, info = gelsy(a1, b1, jptv, np.finfo(dtype).eps, + lwork, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], np.array([-14.333333333333323, + 14.999999999999991], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + for dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + a1 = np.array([[1.0+4.0j, 2.0], + [4.0+0.5j, 5.0-3.0j], + [7.0-2.0j, 8.0+0.7j]], dtype=dtype) + b1 = np.array([16.0, 17.0+2.0j, 20.0-4.0j], dtype=dtype) + gelsy, gelsy_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gelsy', 'gelss_lwork'), + (a1, b1)) + + m, n = a1.shape + if len(b1.shape) == 2: + nrhs = b1.shape[1] + else: + nrhs = 1 + + # Request of sizes + work, info = gelsy_lwork(m, n, nrhs, 10*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + lwork = int(np.real(work)) + + jptv = np.zeros((a1.shape[1], 1), dtype=np.int32) + v, x, j, rank, info = gelsy(a1, b1, jptv, np.finfo(dtype).eps, + lwork, False, False) + assert_allclose(x[:-1], + np.array([1.161753632288328-1.901075709391912j, + 1.735882340522193+1.521240901196909j], + dtype=dtype), + rtol=25*np.finfo(dtype).eps) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(3, 4), (5, 2), (2**18, 2**18)]) +def test_geqrf_lwork(dtype, shape): + geqrf_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('geqrf_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + m, n = shape + lwork, info = geqrf_lwork(m=m, n=n) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + +class TestRegression: + + def test_ticket_1645(self): + # Check that RQ routines have correct lwork + for dtype in DTYPES: + a = np.zeros((300, 2), dtype=dtype) + + gerqf, = get_lapack_funcs(['gerqf'], [a]) + assert_raises(Exception, gerqf, a, lwork=2) + rq, tau, work, info = gerqf(a) + + if dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + orgrq, = get_lapack_funcs(['orgrq'], [a]) + assert_raises(Exception, orgrq, rq[-2:], tau, lwork=1) + orgrq(rq[-2:], tau, lwork=2) + elif dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + ungrq, = get_lapack_funcs(['ungrq'], [a]) + assert_raises(Exception, ungrq, rq[-2:], tau, lwork=1) + ungrq(rq[-2:], tau, lwork=2) + + +class TestDpotr: + # 'lower' argument of dportf/dpotri + @pytest.mark.parametrize("lower", [True, False]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("clean", [True, False]) + def test_gh_2691(self, lower, clean): + rng = np.random.default_rng(42) + x = rng.normal(size=(3, 3)) + a = x.dot(x.T) + + dpotrf, dpotri = get_lapack_funcs(("potrf", "potri"), (a, )) + + c, _ = dpotrf(a, lower, clean=clean) + dpt = dpotri(c, lower)[0] + + if lower: + assert_allclose(np.tril(dpt), np.tril(inv(a))) + else: + assert_allclose(np.triu(dpt), np.triu(inv(a))) + + +class TestDlasd4: + def test_sing_val_update(self): + + sigmas = np.array([4., 3., 2., 0]) + m_vec = np.array([3.12, 5.7, -4.8, -2.2]) + + M = np.hstack((np.vstack((np.diag(sigmas[0:-1]), + np.zeros((1, len(m_vec) - 1)))), + m_vec[:, np.newaxis])) + SM = svd(M, full_matrices=False, compute_uv=False, overwrite_a=False, + check_finite=False) + + it_len = len(sigmas) + sgm = np.concatenate((sigmas[::-1], [sigmas[0] + it_len*norm(m_vec)])) + mvc = np.concatenate((m_vec[::-1], (0,))) + + lasd4 = get_lapack_funcs('lasd4', (sigmas,)) + + roots = [] + for i in range(0, it_len): + res = lasd4(i, sgm, mvc) + roots.append(res[1]) + + assert_( + (res[3] <= 0), + f"LAPACK root finding dlasd4 failed to find the singular value {i}" + ) + roots = np.array(roots)[::-1] + + assert_((not np.any(np.isnan(roots)), "There are NaN roots")) + assert_allclose(SM, roots, atol=100*np.finfo(np.float64).eps, + rtol=100*np.finfo(np.float64).eps) + + +class TestTbtrs: + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) + def test_nag_example_f07vef_f07vsf(self, dtype): + """Test real (f07vef) and complex (f07vsf) examples from NAG + + Examples available from: + * https://www.nag.com/numeric/fl/nagdoc_latest/html/f07/f07vef.html + * https://www.nag.com/numeric/fl/nagdoc_latest/html/f07/f07vsf.html + + """ + if dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + ab = np.array([[-4.16, 4.78, 6.32, 0.16], + [-2.25, 5.86, -4.82, 0]], + dtype=dtype) + b = np.array([[-16.64, -4.16], + [-13.78, -16.59], + [13.10, -4.94], + [-14.14, -9.96]], + dtype=dtype) + x_out = np.array([[4, 1], + [-1, -3], + [3, 2], + [2, -2]], + dtype=dtype) + elif dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + ab = np.array([[-1.94+4.43j, 4.12-4.27j, 0.43-2.66j, 0.44+0.1j], + [-3.39+3.44j, -1.84+5.52j, 1.74 - 0.04j, 0], + [1.62+3.68j, -2.77-1.93j, 0, 0]], + dtype=dtype) + b = np.array([[-8.86 - 3.88j, -24.09 - 5.27j], + [-15.57 - 23.41j, -57.97 + 8.14j], + [-7.63 + 22.78j, 19.09 - 29.51j], + [-14.74 - 2.40j, 19.17 + 21.33j]], + dtype=dtype) + x_out = np.array([[2j, 1 + 5j], + [1 - 3j, -7 - 2j], + [-4.001887 - 4.988417j, 3.026830 + 4.003182j], + [1.996158 - 1.045105j, -6.103357 - 8.986653j]], + dtype=dtype) + else: + raise ValueError(f"Datatype {dtype} not understood.") + + tbtrs = get_lapack_funcs(('tbtrs'), dtype=dtype) + x, info = tbtrs(ab=ab, b=b, uplo='L') + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_allclose(x, x_out, rtol=0, atol=1e-5) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype,trans', + [(dtype, trans) + for dtype in DTYPES for trans in ['N', 'T', 'C'] + if not (trans == 'C' and dtype in REAL_DTYPES)]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('uplo', ['U', 'L']) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('diag', ['N', 'U']) + def test_random_matrices(self, dtype, trans, uplo, diag): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1724) + + # n, nrhs, kd are used to specify A and b. + # A is of shape n x n with kd super/sub-diagonals + # b is of shape n x nrhs matrix + n, nrhs, kd = 4, 3, 2 + tbtrs = get_lapack_funcs('tbtrs', dtype=dtype) + + is_upper = (uplo == 'U') + ku = kd * is_upper + kl = kd - ku + + # Construct the diagonal and kd super/sub diagonals of A with + # the corresponding offsets. + band_offsets = range(ku, -kl - 1, -1) + band_widths = [n - abs(x) for x in band_offsets] + bands = [generate_random_dtype_array((width,), dtype, rng) + for width in band_widths] + + if diag == 'U': # A must be unit triangular + bands[ku] = np.ones(n, dtype=dtype) + + # Construct the diagonal banded matrix A from the bands and offsets. + a = sps.diags(bands, band_offsets, format='dia') + + # Convert A into banded storage form + ab = np.zeros((kd + 1, n), dtype) + for row, k in enumerate(band_offsets): + ab[row, max(k, 0):min(n+k, n)] = a.diagonal(k) + + # The RHS values. + b = generate_random_dtype_array((n, nrhs), dtype, rng) + + x, info = tbtrs(ab=ab, b=b, uplo=uplo, trans=trans, diag=diag) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + if trans == 'N': + assert_allclose(a @ x, b, rtol=5e-5) + elif trans == 'T': + assert_allclose(a.T @ x, b, rtol=5e-5) + elif trans == 'C': + assert_allclose(a.T.conjugate() @ x, b, rtol=5e-5) + else: + raise ValueError('Invalid trans argument') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('uplo,trans,diag', + [['U', 'N', 'Invalid'], + ['U', 'Invalid', 'N'], + ['Invalid', 'N', 'N']]) + def test_invalid_argument_raises_exception(self, uplo, trans, diag): + """Test if invalid values of uplo, trans and diag raise exceptions""" + # Argument checks occur independently of used datatype. + # This mean we must not parameterize all available datatypes. + tbtrs = get_lapack_funcs('tbtrs', dtype=np.float64) + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + ab = rng.random((4, 2)) + b = rng.random((2, 4)) + assert_raises(Exception, tbtrs, ab, b, uplo, trans, diag) + + def test_zero_element_in_diagonal(self): + """Test if a matrix with a zero diagonal element is singular + + If the i-th diagonal of A is zero, ?tbtrs should return `i` in `info` + indicating the provided matrix is singular. + + Note that ?tbtrs requires the matrix A to be stored in banded form. + In this form the diagonal corresponds to the last row.""" + ab = np.ones((3, 4), dtype=float) + b = np.ones(4, dtype=float) + tbtrs = get_lapack_funcs('tbtrs', dtype=float) + + ab[-1, 3] = 0 + _, info = tbtrs(ab=ab, b=b, uplo='U') + assert_equal(info, 4) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('ldab,n,ldb,nrhs', [ + (5, 5, 0, 5), + (5, 5, 3, 5) + ]) + def test_invalid_matrix_shapes(self, ldab, n, ldb, nrhs): + """Test ?tbtrs fails correctly if shapes are invalid.""" + ab = np.ones((ldab, n), dtype=float) + b = np.ones((ldb, nrhs), dtype=float) + tbtrs = get_lapack_funcs('tbtrs', dtype=float) + assert_raises(Exception, tbtrs, ab, b) + + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', ['I', '1', 'O']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('uplo', ['U', 'L']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('diag', ['N', 'U']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('n', [3, 10]) +def test_trcon(dtype, norm, uplo, diag, n): + # Simple way to get deterministic (unlike `hash`) seed based on arguments + seed = list(f"{dtype}{norm}{uplo}{diag}{n}".encode()) + rng = np.random.default_rng(seed) + + A = rng.random(size=(n, n)) + rng.random(size=(n, n))*1j + # make the condition numbers more interesting + offset = rng.permuted(np.logspace(0, rng.integers(0, 10), n)) + A += offset + A = A.real if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.floating) else A + A = np.triu(A) if uplo == 'U' else np.tril(A) + if diag == 'U': + A /= np.diag(A)[:, np.newaxis] + A = A.astype(dtype) + + trcon = get_lapack_funcs('trcon', (A,)) + res, _ = trcon(A, norm=norm, uplo=uplo, diag=diag) + + if norm == 'I': + norm_A = np.linalg.norm(A, ord=np.inf) + norm_inv_A = np.linalg.norm(np.linalg.inv(A), ord=np.inf) + ref = 1 / (norm_A * norm_inv_A) + else: + anorm = np.linalg.norm(A, ord=1) + gecon, getrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gecon', 'getrf'), (A,)) + lu, ipvt, info = getrf(A) + ref, _ = gecon(lu, anorm, norm=norm) + + # This is an estimate of reciprocal condition number; we just need order of + # magnitude. In testing, we observed that much smaller rtol is OK in almost + # all cases... but sometimes it isn't. + rtol = 1 # np.finfo(dtype).eps**0.75 + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=rtol) + + +def test_lartg(): + for dtype in 'fdFD': + lartg = get_lapack_funcs('lartg', dtype=dtype) + + f = np.array(3, dtype) + g = np.array(4, dtype) + + if np.iscomplexobj(g): + g *= 1j + + cs, sn, r = lartg(f, g) + + assert_allclose(cs, 3.0/5.0) + assert_allclose(r, 5.0) + + if np.iscomplexobj(g): + assert_allclose(sn, -4.0j/5.0) + assert_(isinstance(r, complex)) + assert_(isinstance(cs, float)) + else: + assert_allclose(sn, 4.0/5.0) + + +def test_rot(): + # srot, drot from blas and crot and zrot from lapack. + + for dtype in 'fdFD': + c = 0.6 + s = 0.8 + + u = np.full(4, 3, dtype) + v = np.full(4, 4, dtype) + atol = 10**-(np.finfo(dtype).precision-1) + + if dtype in 'fd': + rot = get_blas_funcs('rot', dtype=dtype) + f = 4 + else: + rot = get_lapack_funcs('rot', dtype=dtype) + s *= -1j + v *= 1j + f = 4j + + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s), [[5, 5, 5, 5], + [0, 0, 0, 0]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, n=2), [[5, 5, 3, 3], + [0, 0, f, f]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, offx=2, offy=2), + [[3, 3, 5, 5], [f, f, 0, 0]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, incx=2, offy=2, n=2), + [[5, 3, 5, 3], [f, f, 0, 0]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, offx=2, incy=2, n=2), + [[3, 3, 5, 5], [0, f, 0, f]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, offx=2, incx=2, offy=2, incy=2, n=1), + [[3, 3, 5, 3], [f, f, 0, f]], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(rot(u, v, c, s, incx=-2, incy=-2, n=2), + [[5, 3, 5, 3], [0, f, 0, f]], atol=atol) + + a, b = rot(u, v, c, s, overwrite_x=1, overwrite_y=1) + assert_(a is u) + assert_(b is v) + assert_allclose(a, [5, 5, 5, 5], atol=atol) + assert_allclose(b, [0, 0, 0, 0], atol=atol) + + +def test_larfg_larf(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + a0 = rng.random((4, 4)) + a0 = a0.T.dot(a0) + + a0j = rng.random((4, 4)) + 1j*rng.random((4, 4)) + a0j = a0j.T.conj().dot(a0j) + + # our test here will be to do one step of reducing a hermetian matrix to + # tridiagonal form using householder transforms. + + for dtype in 'fdFD': + larfg, larf = get_lapack_funcs(['larfg', 'larf'], dtype=dtype) + + if dtype in 'FD': + a = a0j.copy() + else: + a = a0.copy() + + # generate a householder transform to clear a[2:,0] + alpha, x, tau = larfg(a.shape[0]-1, a[1, 0], a[2:, 0]) + + # create expected output + expected = np.zeros_like(a[:, 0]) + expected[0] = a[0, 0] + expected[1] = alpha + + # assemble householder vector + v = np.zeros_like(a[1:, 0]) + v[0] = 1.0 + v[1:] = x + + # apply transform from the left + a[1:, :] = larf(v, tau.conjugate(), a[1:, :], np.zeros(a.shape[1])) + + # apply transform from the right + a[:, 1:] = larf(v, tau, a[:, 1:], np.zeros(a.shape[0]), side='R') + + assert_allclose(a[:, 0], expected, atol=1e-5) + assert_allclose(a[0, :], expected, atol=1e-5) + + +def test_sgesdd_lwork_bug_workaround(): + # Test that SGESDD lwork is sufficiently large for LAPACK. + # + # This checks that _compute_lwork() correctly works around a bug in + # LAPACK versions older than 3.10.1. + + sgesdd_lwork = get_lapack_funcs('gesdd_lwork', dtype=np.float32, + ilp64='preferred') + n = 9537 + lwork = _compute_lwork(sgesdd_lwork, n, n, + compute_uv=True, full_matrices=True) + # If we called the Fortran function SGESDD directly with IWORK=-1, the + # LAPACK bug would result in lwork being 272929856, which was too small. + # (The result was returned in a single precision float, which does not + # have sufficient precision to represent the exact integer value that it + # computed internally.) The work-around implemented in _compute_lwork() + # will convert that to 272929888. If we are using LAPACK 3.10.1 or later + # (such as in OpenBLAS 0.3.21 or later), the work-around will return + # 272929920, because it does not know which version of LAPACK is being + # used, so it always applies the correction to whatever it is given. We + # will accept either 272929888 or 272929920. + # Note that the acceptable values are a LAPACK implementation detail. + # If a future version of LAPACK changes how SGESDD works, and therefore + # changes the required LWORK size, the acceptable values might have to + # be updated. + assert lwork == 272929888 or lwork == 272929920 + + +class TestSytrd: + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) + def test_sytrd_with_zero_dim_array(self, dtype): + # Assert that a 0x0 matrix raises an error + A = np.zeros((0, 0), dtype=dtype) + sytrd = get_lapack_funcs('sytrd', (A,)) + assert_raises(ValueError, sytrd, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('n', (1, 3)) + def test_sytrd(self, dtype, n): + A = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=dtype) + + sytrd, sytrd_lwork = \ + get_lapack_funcs(('sytrd', 'sytrd_lwork'), (A,)) + + # some upper triangular array + A[np.triu_indices_from(A)] = \ + np.arange(1, n*(n+1)//2+1, dtype=dtype) + + # query lwork + lwork, info = sytrd_lwork(n) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + # check lower=1 behavior (shouldn't do much since the matrix is + # upper triangular) + data, d, e, tau, info = sytrd(A, lower=1, lwork=lwork) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + assert_allclose(data, A, atol=5*np.finfo(dtype).eps, rtol=1.0) + assert_allclose(d, np.diag(A)) + assert_allclose(e, 0.0) + assert_allclose(tau, 0.0) + + # and now for the proper test (lower=0 is the default) + data, d, e, tau, info = sytrd(A, lwork=lwork) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + # assert Q^T*A*Q = tridiag(e, d, e) + + # build tridiagonal matrix + T = np.zeros_like(A, dtype=dtype) + k = np.arange(A.shape[0]) + T[k, k] = d + k2 = np.arange(A.shape[0]-1) + T[k2+1, k2] = e + T[k2, k2+1] = e + + # build Q + Q = np.eye(n, n, dtype=dtype) + for i in range(n-1): + v = np.zeros(n, dtype=dtype) + v[:i] = data[:i, i+1] + v[i] = 1.0 + H = np.eye(n, n, dtype=dtype) - tau[i] * np.outer(v, v) + Q = np.dot(H, Q) + + # Make matrix fully symmetric + i_lower = np.tril_indices(n, -1) + A[i_lower] = A.T[i_lower] + + QTAQ = np.dot(Q.T, np.dot(A, Q)) + + # disable rtol here since some values in QTAQ and T are very close + # to 0. + assert_allclose(QTAQ, T, atol=5*np.finfo(dtype).eps, rtol=1.0) + + +class TestHetrd: + @pytest.mark.parametrize('complex_dtype', COMPLEX_DTYPES) + def test_hetrd_with_zero_dim_array(self, complex_dtype): + # Assert that a 0x0 matrix raises an error + A = np.zeros((0, 0), dtype=complex_dtype) + hetrd = get_lapack_funcs('hetrd', (A,)) + assert_raises(ValueError, hetrd, A) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('real_dtype,complex_dtype', + zip(REAL_DTYPES, COMPLEX_DTYPES)) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('n', (1, 3)) + def test_hetrd(self, n, real_dtype, complex_dtype): + A = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=complex_dtype) + hetrd, hetrd_lwork = \ + get_lapack_funcs(('hetrd', 'hetrd_lwork'), (A,)) + + # some upper triangular array + A[np.triu_indices_from(A)] = ( + np.arange(1, n*(n+1)//2+1, dtype=real_dtype) + + 1j * np.arange(1, n*(n+1)//2+1, dtype=real_dtype) + ) + np.fill_diagonal(A, np.real(np.diag(A))) + + # test query lwork + for x in [0, 1]: + _, info = hetrd_lwork(n, lower=x) + assert_equal(info, 0) + # lwork returns complex which segfaults hetrd call (gh-10388) + # use the safe and recommended option + lwork = _compute_lwork(hetrd_lwork, n) + + # check lower=1 behavior (shouldn't do much since the matrix is + # upper triangular) + data, d, e, tau, info = hetrd(A, lower=1, lwork=lwork) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + assert_allclose(data, A, atol=5*np.finfo(real_dtype).eps, rtol=1.0) + + assert_allclose(d, np.real(np.diag(A))) + assert_allclose(e, 0.0) + assert_allclose(tau, 0.0) + + # and now for the proper test (lower=0 is the default) + data, d, e, tau, info = hetrd(A, lwork=lwork) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + # assert Q^T*A*Q = tridiag(e, d, e) + + # build tridiagonal matrix + T = np.zeros_like(A, dtype=real_dtype) + k = np.arange(A.shape[0], dtype=int) + T[k, k] = d + k2 = np.arange(A.shape[0]-1, dtype=int) + T[k2+1, k2] = e + T[k2, k2+1] = e + + # build Q + Q = np.eye(n, n, dtype=complex_dtype) + for i in range(n-1): + v = np.zeros(n, dtype=complex_dtype) + v[:i] = data[:i, i+1] + v[i] = 1.0 + H = np.eye(n, n, dtype=complex_dtype) \ + - tau[i] * np.outer(v, np.conj(v)) + Q = np.dot(H, Q) + + # Make matrix fully Hermitian + i_lower = np.tril_indices(n, -1) + A[i_lower] = np.conj(A.T[i_lower]) + + QHAQ = np.dot(np.conj(Q.T), np.dot(A, Q)) + + # disable rtol here since some values in QTAQ and T are very close + # to 0. + assert_allclose( + QHAQ, T, atol=10*np.finfo(real_dtype).eps, rtol=1.0 + ) + + +def test_gglse(): + # Example data taken from NAG manual + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + # DTYPES = gglse + func, func_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('gglse', 'gglse_lwork'), + dtype=dtype) + lwork = _compute_lwork(func_lwork, m=6, n=4, p=2) + # For gglse + if ind < 2: + a = np.array([[-0.57, -1.28, -0.39, 0.25], + [-1.93, 1.08, -0.31, -2.14], + [2.30, 0.24, 0.40, -0.35], + [-1.93, 0.64, -0.66, 0.08], + [0.15, 0.30, 0.15, -2.13], + [-0.02, 1.03, -1.43, 0.50]], dtype=dtype) + c = np.array([-1.50, -2.14, 1.23, -0.54, -1.68, 0.82], dtype=dtype) + d = np.array([0., 0.], dtype=dtype) + # For gglse + else: + a = np.array([[0.96-0.81j, -0.03+0.96j, -0.91+2.06j, -0.05+0.41j], + [-0.98+1.98j, -1.20+0.19j, -0.66+0.42j, -0.81+0.56j], + [0.62-0.46j, 1.01+0.02j, 0.63-0.17j, -1.11+0.60j], + [0.37+0.38j, 0.19-0.54j, -0.98-0.36j, 0.22-0.20j], + [0.83+0.51j, 0.20+0.01j, -0.17-0.46j, 1.47+1.59j], + [1.08-0.28j, 0.20-0.12j, -0.07+1.23j, 0.26+0.26j]]) + c = np.array([[-2.54+0.09j], + [1.65-2.26j], + [-2.11-3.96j], + [1.82+3.30j], + [-6.41+3.77j], + [2.07+0.66j]]) + d = np.zeros(2, dtype=dtype) + + b = np.array([[1., 0., -1., 0.], [0., 1., 0., -1.]], dtype=dtype) + + _, _, _, result, _ = func(a, b, c, d, lwork=lwork) + if ind < 2: + expected = np.array([0.48904455, + 0.99754786, + 0.48904455, + 0.99754786]) + else: + expected = np.array([1.08742917-1.96205783j, + -0.74093902+3.72973919j, + 1.08742917-1.96205759j, + -0.74093896+3.72973895j]) + assert_array_almost_equal(result, expected, decimal=4) + + +def test_sycon_hecon(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES+COMPLEX_DTYPES): + # DTYPES + COMPLEX DTYPES = sycon + hecon + n = 10 + # For sycon + if ind < 4: + func_lwork = get_lapack_funcs('sytrf_lwork', dtype=dtype) + funcon, functrf = get_lapack_funcs(('sycon', 'sytrf'), dtype=dtype) + A = (rng.random((n, n))).astype(dtype) + # For hecon + else: + func_lwork = get_lapack_funcs('hetrf_lwork', dtype=dtype) + funcon, functrf = get_lapack_funcs(('hecon', 'hetrf'), dtype=dtype) + A = (rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j).astype(dtype) + + # Since sycon only refers to upper/lower part, conj() is safe here. + A = (A + A.conj().T)/2 + 2*np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + + anorm = norm(A, 1) + lwork = _compute_lwork(func_lwork, n) + ldu, ipiv, _ = functrf(A, lwork=lwork, lower=1) + rcond, _ = funcon(a=ldu, ipiv=ipiv, anorm=anorm, lower=1) + # The error is at most 1-fold + assert_(abs(1/rcond - np.linalg.cond(A, p=1))*rcond < 1) + + +def test_sygst(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(REAL_DTYPES): + # DTYPES = sygst + n = 10 + + potrf, sygst, syevd, sygvd = get_lapack_funcs(('potrf', 'sygst', + 'syevd', 'sygvd'), + dtype=dtype) + + A = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = (A + A.T)/2 + # B must be positive definite + B = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + B = (B + B.T)/2 + 2 * np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + + # Perform eig (sygvd) + eig_gvd, _, info = sygvd(A, B) + assert_(info == 0) + + # Convert to std problem potrf + b, info = potrf(B) + assert_(info == 0) + a, info = sygst(A, b) + assert_(info == 0) + + eig, _, info = syevd(a) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(eig, eig_gvd, rtol=1.2e-4) + + +def test_hegst(): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(COMPLEX_DTYPES): + # DTYPES = hegst + n = 10 + + potrf, hegst, heevd, hegvd = get_lapack_funcs(('potrf', 'hegst', + 'heevd', 'hegvd'), + dtype=dtype) + + A = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + 1j * rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = (A + A.conj().T)/2 + # B must be positive definite + B = rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + 1j * rng.random((n, n)).astype(dtype) + B = (B + B.conj().T)/2 + 2 * np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + + # Perform eig (hegvd) + eig_gvd, _, info = hegvd(A, B) + assert_(info == 0) + + # Convert to std problem potrf + b, info = potrf(B) + assert_(info == 0) + a, info = hegst(A, b) + assert_(info == 0) + + eig, _, info = heevd(a) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(eig, eig_gvd, rtol=1e-4) + + +def test_tzrzf(): + """ + This test performs an RZ decomposition in which an m x n upper trapezoidal + array M (m <= n) is factorized as M = [R 0] * Z where R is upper triangular + and Z is unitary. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, n = 10, 15 + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + tzrzf, tzrzf_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('tzrzf', 'tzrzf_lwork'), + dtype=dtype) + lwork = _compute_lwork(tzrzf_lw, m, n) + + if ind < 2: + A = triu(rng.rand(m, n).astype(dtype)) + else: + A = triu((rng.rand(m, n) + rng.rand(m, n)*1j).astype(dtype)) + + # assert wrong shape arg, f2py returns generic error + assert_raises(Exception, tzrzf, A.T) + rz, tau, info = tzrzf(A, lwork=lwork) + # Check success + assert_(info == 0) + + # Get Z manually for comparison + R = np.hstack((rz[:, :m], np.zeros((m, n-m), dtype=dtype))) + V = np.hstack((np.eye(m, dtype=dtype), rz[:, m:])) + Id = np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + ref = [Id-tau[x]*V[[x], :].T.dot(V[[x], :].conj()) for x in range(m)] + Z = reduce(np.dot, ref) + assert_allclose(R.dot(Z) - A, zeros_like(A, dtype=dtype), + atol=10*np.spacing(dtype(1.0).real), rtol=0.) + + +def test_tfsm(): + """ + Test for solving a linear system with the coefficient matrix is a + triangular array stored in Full Packed (RFP) format. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A = triu(rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j + eye(n)).astype(dtype) + trans = 'C' + else: + A = triu(rng.rand(n, n) + eye(n)).astype(dtype) + trans = 'T' + + trttf, tfttr, tfsm = get_lapack_funcs(('trttf', 'tfttr', 'tfsm'), + dtype=dtype) + + Afp, _ = trttf(A) + B = rng.rand(n, 2).astype(dtype) + soln = tfsm(-1, Afp, B) + assert_array_almost_equal(soln, solve(-A, B), + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + soln = tfsm(-1, Afp, B, trans=trans) + assert_array_almost_equal(soln, solve(-A.conj().T, B), + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + # Make A, unit diagonal + A[np.arange(n), np.arange(n)] = dtype(1.) + soln = tfsm(-1, Afp, B, trans=trans, diag='U') + assert_array_almost_equal(soln, solve(-A.conj().T, B), + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + # Change side + B2 = rng.rand(3, n).astype(dtype) + soln = tfsm(-1, Afp, B2, trans=trans, diag='U', side='R') + assert_array_almost_equal(soln, solve(-A, B2.T).conj().T, + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + +def test_ormrz_unmrz(): + """ + This test performs a matrix multiplication with an arbitrary m x n matrix C + and a unitary matrix Q without explicitly forming the array. The array data + is encoded in the rectangular part of A which is obtained from ?TZRZF. Q + size is inferred by m, n, side keywords. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + qm, qn, cn = 10, 15, 15 + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + tzrzf, tzrzf_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('tzrzf', 'tzrzf_lwork'), + dtype=dtype) + lwork_rz = _compute_lwork(tzrzf_lw, qm, qn) + + if ind < 2: + A = triu(rng.random((qm, qn)).astype(dtype)) + C = rng.random((cn, cn)).astype(dtype) + orun_mrz, orun_mrz_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('ormrz', 'ormrz_lwork'), + dtype=dtype) + else: + A = triu((rng.random((qm, qn)) + rng.random((qm, qn))*1j).astype(dtype)) + C = (rng.random((cn, cn)) + rng.random((cn, cn))*1j).astype(dtype) + orun_mrz, orun_mrz_lw = get_lapack_funcs(('unmrz', 'unmrz_lwork'), + dtype=dtype) + + lwork_mrz = _compute_lwork(orun_mrz_lw, cn, cn) + rz, tau, info = tzrzf(A, lwork=lwork_rz) + + # Get Q manually for comparison + V = np.hstack((np.eye(qm, dtype=dtype), rz[:, qm:])) + Id = np.eye(qn, dtype=dtype) + ref = [Id-tau[x]*V[[x], :].T.dot(V[[x], :].conj()) for x in range(qm)] + Q = reduce(np.dot, ref) + + # Now that we have Q, we can test whether lapack results agree with + # each case of CQ, CQ^H, QC, and QC^H + trans = 'T' if ind < 2 else 'C' + tol = 10*np.spacing(dtype(1.0).real) + + cq, info = orun_mrz(rz, tau, C, lwork=lwork_mrz) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(cq - Q.dot(C), zeros_like(C), atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + cq, info = orun_mrz(rz, tau, C, trans=trans, lwork=lwork_mrz) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(cq - Q.conj().T.dot(C), zeros_like(C), atol=tol, + rtol=0.) + + cq, info = orun_mrz(rz, tau, C, side='R', lwork=lwork_mrz) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(cq - C.dot(Q), zeros_like(C), atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + cq, info = orun_mrz(rz, tau, C, side='R', trans=trans, lwork=lwork_mrz) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_allclose(cq - C.dot(Q.conj().T), zeros_like(C), atol=tol, + rtol=0.) + + +def test_tfttr_trttf(): + """ + Test conversion routines between the Rectangular Full Packed (RFP) format + and Standard Triangular Array (TR) + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A_full = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + transr = 'C' + else: + A_full = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + transr = 'T' + + trttf, tfttr = get_lapack_funcs(('trttf', 'tfttr'), dtype=dtype) + A_tf_U, info = trttf(A_full) + assert_(info == 0) + A_tf_L, info = trttf(A_full, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + A_tf_U_T, info = trttf(A_full, transr=transr, uplo='U') + assert_(info == 0) + A_tf_L_T, info = trttf(A_full, transr=transr, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + + # Create the RFP array manually (n is even!) + A_tf_U_m = zeros((n+1, n//2), dtype=dtype) + A_tf_U_m[:-1, :] = triu(A_full)[:, n//2:] + A_tf_U_m[n//2+1:, :] += triu(A_full)[:n//2, :n//2].conj().T + + A_tf_L_m = zeros((n+1, n//2), dtype=dtype) + A_tf_L_m[1:, :] = tril(A_full)[:, :n//2] + A_tf_L_m[:n//2, :] += tril(A_full)[n//2:, n//2:].conj().T + + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tf_U, A_tf_U_m.reshape(-1, order='F')) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tf_U_T, + A_tf_U_m.conj().T.reshape(-1, order='F')) + + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tf_L, A_tf_L_m.reshape(-1, order='F')) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tf_L_T, + A_tf_L_m.conj().T.reshape(-1, order='F')) + + # Get the original array from RFP + A_tr_U, info = tfttr(n, A_tf_U) + assert_(info == 0) + A_tr_L, info = tfttr(n, A_tf_L, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + A_tr_U_T, info = tfttr(n, A_tf_U_T, transr=transr, uplo='U') + assert_(info == 0) + A_tr_L_T, info = tfttr(n, A_tf_L_T, transr=transr, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_U, triu(A_full)) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_U_T, triu(A_full)) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_L, tril(A_full)) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_L_T, tril(A_full)) + + +def test_tpttr_trttp(): + """ + Test conversion routines between the Rectangular Full Packed (RFP) format + and Standard Triangular Array (TR) + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A_full = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + else: + A_full = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + + trttp, tpttr = get_lapack_funcs(('trttp', 'tpttr'), dtype=dtype) + A_tp_U, info = trttp(A_full) + assert_(info == 0) + A_tp_L, info = trttp(A_full, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + + # Create the TP array manually + inds = tril_indices(n) + A_tp_U_m = zeros(n*(n+1)//2, dtype=dtype) + A_tp_U_m[:] = (triu(A_full).T)[inds] + + inds = triu_indices(n) + A_tp_L_m = zeros(n*(n+1)//2, dtype=dtype) + A_tp_L_m[:] = (tril(A_full).T)[inds] + + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tp_U, A_tp_U_m) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tp_L, A_tp_L_m) + + # Get the original array from TP + A_tr_U, info = tpttr(n, A_tp_U) + assert_(info == 0) + A_tr_L, info = tpttr(n, A_tp_L, uplo='L') + assert_(info == 0) + + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_U, triu(A_full)) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_tr_L, tril(A_full)) + + +def test_pftrf(): + """ + Test Cholesky factorization of a positive definite Rectangular Full + Packed (RFP) format array + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.conj().T + n*eye(n) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T + n*eye(n) + + pftrf, trttf, tfttr = get_lapack_funcs(('pftrf', 'trttf', 'tfttr'), + dtype=dtype) + + # Get the original array from TP + Afp, info = trttf(A) + Achol_rfp, info = pftrf(n, Afp) + assert_(info == 0) + A_chol_r, _ = tfttr(n, Achol_rfp) + Achol = cholesky(A) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_chol_r, Achol) + + +def test_pftri(): + """ + Test Cholesky factorization of a positive definite Rectangular Full + Packed (RFP) format array to find its inverse + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.conj().T + n*eye(n) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T + n*eye(n) + + pftri, pftrf, trttf, tfttr = get_lapack_funcs(('pftri', + 'pftrf', + 'trttf', + 'tfttr'), + dtype=dtype) + + # Get the original array from TP + Afp, info = trttf(A) + A_chol_rfp, info = pftrf(n, Afp) + A_inv_rfp, info = pftri(n, A_chol_rfp) + assert_(info == 0) + A_inv_r, _ = tfttr(n, A_inv_rfp) + Ainv = inv(A) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_inv_r, triu(Ainv), + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + +def test_pftrs(): + """ + Test Cholesky factorization of a positive definite Rectangular Full + Packed (RFP) format array and solve a linear system + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.conj().T + n*eye(n) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T + n*eye(n) + + B = ones((n, 3), dtype=dtype) + Bf1 = ones((n+2, 3), dtype=dtype) + Bf2 = ones((n-2, 3), dtype=dtype) + pftrs, pftrf, trttf, tfttr = get_lapack_funcs(('pftrs', + 'pftrf', + 'trttf', + 'tfttr'), + dtype=dtype) + + # Get the original array from TP + Afp, info = trttf(A) + A_chol_rfp, info = pftrf(n, Afp) + # larger B arrays shouldn't segfault + soln, info = pftrs(n, A_chol_rfp, Bf1) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_raises(Exception, pftrs, n, A_chol_rfp, Bf2) + soln, info = pftrs(n, A_chol_rfp, B) + assert_(info == 0) + assert_array_almost_equal(solve(A, B), soln, + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + +def test_sfrk_hfrk(): + """ + Test for performing a symmetric rank-k operation for matrix in RFP format. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.conj().T + n*eye(n) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T + n*eye(n) + + prefix = 's'if ind < 2 else 'h' + trttf, tfttr, shfrk = get_lapack_funcs(('trttf', 'tfttr', f'{prefix}frk'), + dtype=dtype) + + Afp, _ = trttf(A) + C = rng.rand(n, 2).astype(dtype) + Afp_out = shfrk(n, 2, -1, C, 2, Afp) + A_out, _ = tfttr(n, Afp_out) + assert_array_almost_equal(A_out, triu(-C.dot(C.conj().T) + 2*A), + decimal=4 if ind % 2 == 0 else 6) + + +def test_syconv(): + """ + Test for going back and forth between the returned format of he/sytrf to + L and D factors/permutations. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 10 + + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.randint(-30, 30, (n, n)) + + rng.randint(-30, 30, (n, n))*1j).astype(dtype) + + A = A + A.conj().T + else: + A = rng.randint(-30, 30, (n, n)).astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T + n*eye(n) + + tol = 100*np.spacing(dtype(1.0).real) + syconv, trf, trf_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('syconv', 'sytrf', + 'sytrf_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + lw = _compute_lwork(trf_lwork, n, lower=1) + L, D, perm = ldl(A, lower=1, hermitian=False) + lw = _compute_lwork(trf_lwork, n, lower=1) + ldu, ipiv, info = trf(A, lower=1, lwork=lw) + a, e, info = syconv(ldu, ipiv, lower=1) + assert_allclose(tril(a, -1,), tril(L[perm, :], -1), atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + # Test also upper + U, D, perm = ldl(A, lower=0, hermitian=False) + ldu, ipiv, info = trf(A, lower=0) + a, e, info = syconv(ldu, ipiv, lower=0) + assert_allclose(triu(a, 1), triu(U[perm, :], 1), atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + +class TestBlockedQR: + """ + Tests for the blocked QR factorization, namely through geqrt, gemqrt, tpqrt + and tpmqr. + """ + + def test_geqrt_gemqrt(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + + tol = 100*np.spacing(dtype(1.0).real) + geqrt, gemqrt = get_lapack_funcs(('geqrt', 'gemqrt'), dtype=dtype) + + a, t, info = geqrt(n, A) + assert info == 0 + + # Extract elementary reflectors from lower triangle, adding the + # main diagonal of ones. + v = np.tril(a, -1) + np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + # Generate the block Householder transform I - VTV^H + Q = np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) - v @ t @ v.T.conj() + R = np.triu(a) + + # Test columns of Q are orthogonal + assert_allclose(Q.T.conj() @ Q, np.eye(n, dtype=dtype), atol=tol, + rtol=0.) + assert_allclose(Q @ R, A, atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + if ind > 1: + C = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + transpose = 'C' + else: + C = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + transpose = 'T' + + for side in ('L', 'R'): + for trans in ('N', transpose): + c, info = gemqrt(a, t, C, side=side, trans=trans) + assert info == 0 + + if trans == transpose: + q = Q.T.conj() + else: + q = Q + + if side == 'L': + qC = q @ C + else: + qC = C @ q + + assert_allclose(c, qC, atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + # Test default arguments + if (side, trans) == ('L', 'N'): + c_default, info = gemqrt(a, t, C) + assert info == 0 + assert_equal(c_default, c) + + # Test invalid side/trans + assert_raises(Exception, gemqrt, a, t, C, side='A') + assert_raises(Exception, gemqrt, a, t, C, trans='A') + + def test_tpqrt_tpmqrt(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + n = 20 + + if ind > 1: + A = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + B = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + else: + A = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + B = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + + tol = 100*np.spacing(dtype(1.0).real) + tpqrt, tpmqrt = get_lapack_funcs(('tpqrt', 'tpmqrt'), dtype=dtype) + + # Test for the range of pentagonal B, from square to upper + # triangular + for l in (0, n // 2, n): + a, b, t, info = tpqrt(l, n, A, B) + assert info == 0 + + # Check that lower triangular part of A has not been modified + assert_equal(np.tril(a, -1), np.tril(A, -1)) + # Check that elements not part of the pentagonal portion of B + # have not been modified. + assert_equal(np.tril(b, l - n - 1), np.tril(B, l - n - 1)) + + # Extract pentagonal portion of B + B_pent, b_pent = np.triu(B, l - n), np.triu(b, l - n) + + # Generate elementary reflectors + v = np.concatenate((np.eye(n, dtype=dtype), b_pent)) + # Generate the block Householder transform I - VTV^H + Q = np.eye(2 * n, dtype=dtype) - v @ t @ v.T.conj() + R = np.concatenate((np.triu(a), np.zeros_like(a))) + + # Test columns of Q are orthogonal + assert_allclose(Q.T.conj() @ Q, np.eye(2 * n, dtype=dtype), + atol=tol, rtol=0.) + assert_allclose(Q @ R, np.concatenate((np.triu(A), B_pent)), + atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + if ind > 1: + C = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + D = (rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j).astype(dtype) + transpose = 'C' + else: + C = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + D = (rng.rand(n, n)).astype(dtype) + transpose = 'T' + + for side in ('L', 'R'): + for trans in ('N', transpose): + c, d, info = tpmqrt(l, b, t, C, D, side=side, + trans=trans) + assert info == 0 + + if trans == transpose: + q = Q.T.conj() + else: + q = Q + + if side == 'L': + cd = np.concatenate((c, d), axis=0) + CD = np.concatenate((C, D), axis=0) + qCD = q @ CD + else: + cd = np.concatenate((c, d), axis=1) + CD = np.concatenate((C, D), axis=1) + qCD = CD @ q + + assert_allclose(cd, qCD, atol=tol, rtol=0.) + + if (side, trans) == ('L', 'N'): + c_default, d_default, info = tpmqrt(l, b, t, C, D) + assert info == 0 + assert_equal(c_default, c) + assert_equal(d_default, d) + + # Test invalid side/trans + assert_raises(Exception, tpmqrt, l, b, t, C, D, side='A') + assert_raises(Exception, tpmqrt, l, b, t, C, D, trans='A') + + +def test_pstrf(): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + # DTYPES = pstrf + n = 10 + r = 2 + pstrf = get_lapack_funcs('pstrf', dtype=dtype) + + # Create positive semidefinite A + if ind > 1: + A = rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + 1j * rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + A = A @ A.conj().T + else: + A = rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + A = A @ A.T + + c, piv, r_c, info = pstrf(A) + U = triu(c) + U[r_c - n:, r_c - n:] = 0. + + assert_equal(info, 1) + # python-dbg 3.5.2 runs cause trouble with the following assertion. + # assert_equal(r_c, n - r) + single_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float32).eps + double_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + atol = single_atol if ind in [0, 2] else double_atol + assert_allclose(A[piv-1][:, piv-1], U.conj().T @ U, rtol=0., atol=atol) + + c, piv, r_c, info = pstrf(A, lower=1) + L = tril(c) + L[r_c - n:, r_c - n:] = 0. + + assert_equal(info, 1) + # assert_equal(r_c, n - r) + single_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float32).eps + double_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + atol = single_atol if ind in [0, 2] else double_atol + assert_allclose(A[piv-1][:, piv-1], L @ L.conj().T, rtol=0., atol=atol) + + +def test_pstf2(): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + # DTYPES = pstf2 + n = 10 + r = 2 + pstf2 = get_lapack_funcs('pstf2', dtype=dtype) + + # Create positive semidefinite A + if ind > 1: + A = rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + 1j * rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + A = A @ A.conj().T + else: + A = rng.rand(n, n-r).astype(dtype) + A = A @ A.T + + c, piv, r_c, info = pstf2(A) + U = triu(c) + U[r_c - n:, r_c - n:] = 0. + + assert_equal(info, 1) + # python-dbg 3.5.2 runs cause trouble with the commented assertions. + # assert_equal(r_c, n - r) + single_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float32).eps + double_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + atol = single_atol if ind in [0, 2] else double_atol + assert_allclose(A[piv-1][:, piv-1], U.conj().T @ U, rtol=0., atol=atol) + + c, piv, r_c, info = pstf2(A, lower=1) + L = tril(c) + L[r_c - n:, r_c - n:] = 0. + + assert_equal(info, 1) + # assert_equal(r_c, n - r) + single_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float32).eps + double_atol = 1000 * np.finfo(np.float64).eps + atol = single_atol if ind in [0, 2] else double_atol + assert_allclose(A[piv-1][:, piv-1], L @ L.conj().T, rtol=0., atol=atol) + + +def test_geequ(): + desired_real = np.array([[0.6250, 1.0000, 0.0393, -0.4269], + [1.0000, -0.5619, -1.0000, -1.0000], + [0.5874, -1.0000, -0.0596, -0.5341], + [-1.0000, -0.5946, -0.0294, 0.9957]]) + + desired_cplx = np.array([[-0.2816+0.5359*1j, + 0.0812+0.9188*1j, + -0.7439-0.2561*1j], + [-0.3562-0.2954*1j, + 0.9566-0.0434*1j, + -0.0174+0.1555*1j], + [0.8607+0.1393*1j, + -0.2759+0.7241*1j, + -0.1642-0.1365*1j]]) + + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + if ind < 2: + # Use examples from the NAG documentation + A = np.array([[1.80e+10, 2.88e+10, 2.05e+00, -8.90e+09], + [5.25e+00, -2.95e+00, -9.50e-09, -3.80e+00], + [1.58e+00, -2.69e+00, -2.90e-10, -1.04e+00], + [-1.11e+00, -6.60e-01, -5.90e-11, 8.00e-01]]) + A = A.astype(dtype) + else: + A = np.array([[-1.34e+00, 0.28e+10, -6.39e+00], + [-1.70e+00, 3.31e+10, -0.15e+00], + [2.41e-10, -0.56e+00, -0.83e-10]], dtype=dtype) + A += np.array([[2.55e+00, 3.17e+10, -2.20e+00], + [-1.41e+00, -0.15e+10, 1.34e+00], + [0.39e-10, 1.47e+00, -0.69e-10]])*1j + + A = A.astype(dtype) + + geequ = get_lapack_funcs('geequ', dtype=dtype) + r, c, rowcnd, colcnd, amax, info = geequ(A) + + if ind < 2: + assert_allclose(desired_real.astype(dtype), r[:, None]*A*c, + rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + else: + assert_allclose(desired_cplx.astype(dtype), r[:, None]*A*c, + rtol=0, atol=1e-4) + + +def test_syequb(): + desired_log2s = np.array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -2, -3]) + + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + A = np.eye(10, dtype=dtype) + alpha = dtype(1. if ind < 2 else 1.j) + d = np.array([alpha * 2.**x for x in range(-5, 5)], dtype=dtype) + A += np.rot90(np.diag(d)) + + syequb = get_lapack_funcs('syequb', dtype=dtype) + s, scond, amax, info = syequb(A) + + assert_equal(np.log2(s).astype(int), desired_log2s) + + +@pytest.mark.skipif(True, + reason="Failing on some OpenBLAS version, see gh-12276") +def test_heequb(): + # zheequb has a bug for versions =< LAPACK 3.9.0 + # See Reference-LAPACK gh-61 and gh-408 + # Hence the zheequb test is customized accordingly to avoid + # work scaling. + A = np.diag([2]*5 + [1002]*5) + np.diag(np.ones(9), k=1)*1j + s, scond, amax, info = lapack.zheequb(A) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_allclose(np.log2(s), [0., -1.]*2 + [0.] + [-4]*5) + + A = np.diag(2**np.abs(np.arange(-5, 6)) + 0j) + A[5, 5] = 1024 + A[5, 0] = 16j + s, scond, amax, info = lapack.cheequb(A.astype(np.complex64), lower=1) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_allclose(np.log2(s), [-2, -1, -1, 0, 0, -5, 0, -1, -1, -2, -2]) + + +def test_getc2_gesc2(): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + n = 10 + desired_real = rng.rand(n) + desired_cplx = rng.rand(n) + rng.rand(n)*1j + + for ind, dtype in enumerate(DTYPES): + if ind < 2: + A = rng.rand(n, n) + A = A.astype(dtype) + b = A @ desired_real + b = b.astype(dtype) + else: + A = rng.rand(n, n) + rng.rand(n, n)*1j + A = A.astype(dtype) + b = A @ desired_cplx + b = b.astype(dtype) + + getc2 = get_lapack_funcs('getc2', dtype=dtype) + gesc2 = get_lapack_funcs('gesc2', dtype=dtype) + lu, ipiv, jpiv, info = getc2(A, overwrite_a=0) + x, scale = gesc2(lu, b, ipiv, jpiv, overwrite_rhs=0) + + if ind < 2: + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_real.astype(dtype), + x/scale, decimal=4) + else: + assert_array_almost_equal(desired_cplx.astype(dtype), + x/scale, decimal=4) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('size', [(6, 5), (5, 5)]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('joba', range(6)) # 'C', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'A', 'R' +@pytest.mark.parametrize('jobu', range(4)) # 'U', 'F', 'W', 'N' +@pytest.mark.parametrize('jobv', range(4)) # 'V', 'J', 'W', 'N' +@pytest.mark.parametrize('jobr', [0, 1]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('jobp', [0, 1]) +def test_gejsv_general(size, dtype, joba, jobu, jobv, jobr, jobp, jobt=0): + """Test the lapack routine ?gejsv. + + This function tests that a singular value decomposition can be performed + on the random M-by-N matrix A. The test performs the SVD using ?gejsv + then performs the following checks: + + * ?gejsv exist successfully (info == 0) + * The returned singular values are correct + * `A` can be reconstructed from `u`, `SIGMA`, `v` + * Ensure that u.T @ u is the identity matrix + * Ensure that v.T @ v is the identity matrix + * The reported matrix rank + * The reported number of singular values + * If denormalized floats are required + + Notes + ----- + joba specifies several choices effecting the calculation's accuracy + Although all arguments are tested, the tests only check that the correct + solution is returned - NOT that the prescribed actions are performed + internally. + + jobt is, as of v3.9.0, still experimental and removed to cut down number of + test cases. However keyword itself is tested externally. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + + # Define some constants for later use: + m, n = size + atol = 100 * np.finfo(dtype).eps + A = generate_random_dtype_array(size, dtype, rng) + gejsv = get_lapack_funcs('gejsv', dtype=dtype) + + # Set up checks for invalid job? combinations + # if an invalid combination occurs we set the appropriate + # exit status. + lsvec = jobu < 2 # Calculate left singular vectors + rsvec = jobv < 2 # Calculate right singular vectors + l2tran = (jobt == 1) and (m == n) + is_complex = np.iscomplexobj(A) + + invalid_real_jobv = (jobv == 1) and (not lsvec) and (not is_complex) + invalid_cplx_jobu = (jobu == 2) and not (rsvec and l2tran) and is_complex + invalid_cplx_jobv = (jobv == 2) and not (lsvec and l2tran) and is_complex + + # Set the exit status to the expected value. + # Here we only check for invalid combinations, not individual + # parameters. + if invalid_cplx_jobu: + exit_status = -2 + elif invalid_real_jobv or invalid_cplx_jobv: + exit_status = -3 + else: + exit_status = 0 + + if (jobu > 1) and (jobv == 1): + assert_raises(Exception, gejsv, A, joba, jobu, jobv, jobr, jobt, jobp) + else: + sva, u, v, work, iwork, info = gejsv(A, + joba=joba, + jobu=jobu, + jobv=jobv, + jobr=jobr, + jobt=jobt, + jobp=jobp) + + # Check that ?gejsv exited successfully/as expected + assert_equal(info, exit_status) + + # If exit_status is non-zero the combination of jobs is invalid. + # We test this above but no calculations are performed. + if not exit_status: + + # Check the returned singular values + sigma = (work[0] / work[1]) * sva[:n] + assert_allclose(sigma, svd(A, compute_uv=False), atol=atol) + + if jobu == 1: + # If JOBU = 'F', then u contains the M-by-M matrix of + # the left singular vectors, including an ONB of the orthogonal + # complement of the Range(A) + # However, to recalculate A we are concerned about the + # first n singular values and so can ignore the latter. + # TODO: Add a test for ONB? + u = u[:, :n] + + if lsvec and rsvec: + assert_allclose(u @ np.diag(sigma) @ v.conj().T, A, atol=atol) + if lsvec: + assert_allclose(u.conj().T @ u, np.identity(n), atol=atol) + if rsvec: + assert_allclose(v.conj().T @ v, np.identity(n), atol=atol) + + assert_equal(iwork[0], np.linalg.matrix_rank(A)) + assert_equal(iwork[1], np.count_nonzero(sigma)) + # iwork[2] is non-zero if requested accuracy is not warranted for + # the data. This should never occur for these tests. + assert_equal(iwork[2], 0) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) +def test_gejsv_edge_arguments(dtype): + """Test edge arguments return expected status""" + gejsv = get_lapack_funcs('gejsv', dtype=dtype) + + # scalar A + sva, u, v, work, iwork, info = gejsv(1.) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_equal(u.shape, (1, 1)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (1, 1)) + assert_equal(sva, np.array([1.], dtype=dtype)) + + # 1d A + A = np.ones((1,), dtype=dtype) + sva, u, v, work, iwork, info = gejsv(A) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_equal(u.shape, (1, 1)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (1, 1)) + assert_equal(sva, np.array([1.], dtype=dtype)) + + # 2d empty A + A = np.ones((1, 0), dtype=dtype) + sva, u, v, work, iwork, info = gejsv(A) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_equal(u.shape, (1, 0)) + assert_equal(v.shape, (1, 0)) + assert_equal(sva, np.array([], dtype=dtype)) + + # make sure "overwrite_a" is respected - user reported in gh-13191 + A = np.sin(np.arange(100).reshape(10, 10)).astype(dtype) + A = np.asfortranarray(A + A.T) # make it symmetric and column major + Ac = A.copy('A') + _ = gejsv(A) + assert_allclose(A, Ac) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize(('kwargs'), + ({'joba': 9}, + {'jobu': 9}, + {'jobv': 9}, + {'jobr': 9}, + {'jobt': 9}, + {'jobp': 9}) + ) +def test_gejsv_invalid_job_arguments(kwargs): + """Test invalid job arguments raise an Exception""" + A = np.ones((2, 2), dtype=float) + gejsv = get_lapack_funcs('gejsv', dtype=float) + assert_raises(Exception, gejsv, A, **kwargs) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("A,sva_expect,u_expect,v_expect", + [(np.array([[2.27, -1.54, 1.15, -1.94], + [0.28, -1.67, 0.94, -0.78], + [-0.48, -3.09, 0.99, -0.21], + [1.07, 1.22, 0.79, 0.63], + [-2.35, 2.93, -1.45, 2.30], + [0.62, -7.39, 1.03, -2.57]]), + np.array([9.9966, 3.6831, 1.3569, 0.5000]), + np.array([[0.2774, -0.6003, -0.1277, 0.1323], + [0.2020, -0.0301, 0.2805, 0.7034], + [0.2918, 0.3348, 0.6453, 0.1906], + [-0.0938, -0.3699, 0.6781, -0.5399], + [-0.4213, 0.5266, 0.0413, -0.0575], + [0.7816, 0.3353, -0.1645, -0.3957]]), + np.array([[0.1921, -0.8030, 0.0041, -0.5642], + [-0.8794, -0.3926, -0.0752, 0.2587], + [0.2140, -0.2980, 0.7827, 0.5027], + [-0.3795, 0.3351, 0.6178, -0.6017]]))]) +def test_gejsv_NAG(A, sva_expect, u_expect, v_expect): + """ + This test implements the example found in the NAG manual, f08khf. + An example was not found for the complex case. + """ + # NAG manual provides accuracy up to 4 decimals + atol = 1e-4 + gejsv = get_lapack_funcs('gejsv', dtype=A.dtype) + + sva, u, v, work, iwork, info = gejsv(A) + + assert_allclose(sva_expect, sva, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(u_expect, u, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(v_expect, v, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) +def test_gttrf_gttrs(dtype): + # The test uses ?gttrf and ?gttrs to solve a random system for each dtype, + # tests that the output of ?gttrf define LU matrices, that input + # parameters are unmodified, transposal options function correctly, that + # incompatible matrix shapes raise an error, and singular matrices return + # non zero info. + + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + n = 10 + atol = 100 * np.finfo(dtype).eps + + # create the matrix in accordance with the data type + du = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + dl = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + diag_cpy = [dl.copy(), d.copy(), du.copy()] + + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(dl, -1) + np.diag(du, 1) + x = rng.random(n) + b = A @ x + + gttrf, gttrs = get_lapack_funcs(('gttrf', 'gttrs'), dtype=dtype) + + _dl, _d, _du, du2, ipiv, info = gttrf(dl, d, du) + # test to assure that the inputs of ?gttrf are unmodified + assert_array_equal(dl, diag_cpy[0]) + assert_array_equal(d, diag_cpy[1]) + assert_array_equal(du, diag_cpy[2]) + + # generate L and U factors from ?gttrf return values + # L/U are lower/upper triangular by construction (initially and at end) + U = np.diag(_d, 0) + np.diag(_du, 1) + np.diag(du2, 2) + L = np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) + + for i, m in enumerate(_dl): + # L is given in a factored form. + # See + # www.hpcavf.uclan.ac.uk/softwaredoc/sgi_scsl_html/sgi_html/ch03.html + piv = ipiv[i] - 1 + # right multiply by permutation matrix + L[:, [i, piv]] = L[:, [piv, i]] + # right multiply by Li, rank-one modification of identity + L[:, i] += L[:, i+1]*m + + # one last permutation + i, piv = -1, ipiv[-1] - 1 + # right multiply by final permutation matrix + L[:, [i, piv]] = L[:, [piv, i]] + + # check that the outputs of ?gttrf define an LU decomposition of A + assert_allclose(A, L @ U, atol=atol) + + b_cpy = b.copy() + x_gttrs, info = gttrs(_dl, _d, _du, du2, ipiv, b) + # test that the inputs of ?gttrs are unmodified + assert_array_equal(b, b_cpy) + # test that the result of ?gttrs matches the expected input + assert_allclose(x, x_gttrs, atol=atol) + + # test that ?gttrf and ?gttrs work with transposal options + if dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + trans = "T" + b_trans = A.T @ x + else: + trans = "C" + b_trans = A.conj().T @ x + + x_gttrs, info = gttrs(_dl, _d, _du, du2, ipiv, b_trans, trans=trans) + assert_allclose(x, x_gttrs, atol=atol) + + # test that ValueError is raised with incompatible matrix shapes + with assert_raises(ValueError): + gttrf(dl[:-1], d, du) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + gttrf(dl, d[:-1], du) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + gttrf(dl, d, du[:-1]) + + # test that matrix of size n=2 raises exception + with assert_raises(ValueError): + gttrf(dl[0], d[:1], du[0]) + + # test that singular (row of all zeroes) matrix fails via info + du[0] = 0 + d[0] = 0 + __dl, __d, __du, _du2, _ipiv, _info = gttrf(dl, d, du) + np.testing.assert_(__d[info - 1] == 0, (f"?gttrf: _d[info-1] is {__d[info - 1]}," + " not the illegal value :0.")) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("du, d, dl, du_exp, d_exp, du2_exp, ipiv_exp, b, x", + [(np.array([2.1, -1.0, 1.9, 8.0]), + np.array([3.0, 2.3, -5.0, -.9, 7.1]), + np.array([3.4, 3.6, 7.0, -6.0]), + np.array([2.3, -5, -.9, 7.1]), + np.array([3.4, 3.6, 7, -6, -1.015373]), + np.array([-1, 1.9, 8]), + np.array([2, 3, 4, 5, 5]), + np.array([[2.7, 6.6], + [-0.5, 10.8], + [2.6, -3.2], + [0.6, -11.2], + [2.7, 19.1] + ]), + np.array([[-4, 5], + [7, -4], + [3, -3], + [-4, -2], + [-3, 1]])), + ( + np.array([2 - 1j, 2 + 1j, -1 + 1j, 1 - 1j]), + np.array([-1.3 + 1.3j, -1.3 + 1.3j, + -1.3 + 3.3j, - .3 + 4.3j, + -3.3 + 1.3j]), + np.array([1 - 2j, 1 + 1j, 2 - 3j, 1 + 1j]), + # du exp + np.array([-1.3 + 1.3j, -1.3 + 3.3j, + -0.3 + 4.3j, -3.3 + 1.3j]), + np.array([1 - 2j, 1 + 1j, 2 - 3j, 1 + 1j, + -1.3399 + 0.2875j]), + np.array([2 + 1j, -1 + 1j, 1 - 1j]), + np.array([2, 3, 4, 5, 5]), + np.array([[2.4 - 5j, 2.7 + 6.9j], + [3.4 + 18.2j, - 6.9 - 5.3j], + [-14.7 + 9.7j, - 6 - .6j], + [31.9 - 7.7j, -3.9 + 9.3j], + [-1 + 1.6j, -3 + 12.2j]]), + np.array([[1 + 1j, 2 - 1j], + [3 - 1j, 1 + 2j], + [4 + 5j, -1 + 1j], + [-1 - 2j, 2 + 1j], + [1 - 1j, 2 - 2j]]) + )]) +def test_gttrf_gttrs_NAG_f07cdf_f07cef_f07crf_f07csf(du, d, dl, du_exp, d_exp, + du2_exp, ipiv_exp, b, x): + # test to assure that wrapper is consistent with NAG Library Manual Mark 26 + # example problems: f07cdf and f07cef (real) + # examples: f07crf and f07csf (complex) + # (Links may expire, so search for "NAG Library Manual Mark 26" online) + + gttrf, gttrs = get_lapack_funcs(('gttrf', "gttrs"), (du[0], du[0])) + + _dl, _d, _du, du2, ipiv, info = gttrf(dl, d, du) + assert_allclose(du2, du2_exp) + assert_allclose(_du, du_exp) + assert_allclose(_d, d_exp, atol=1e-4) # NAG examples provide 4 decimals. + assert_allclose(ipiv, ipiv_exp) + + x_gttrs, info = gttrs(_dl, _d, _du, du2, ipiv, b) + + assert_allclose(x_gttrs, x) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', ['1', 'I', 'O']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('n', [3, 10]) +def test_gtcon(dtype, norm, n): + rng = np.random.default_rng(23498324) + + d = rng.random(n) + rng.random(n)*1j + dl = rng.random(n - 1) + rng.random(n - 1)*1j + du = rng.random(n - 1) + rng.random(n - 1)*1j + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(dl, -1) + np.diag(du, 1) + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.floating): + A, d, dl, du = A.real, d.real, dl.real, du.real + A, d, dl, du = A.astype(dtype), d.astype(dtype), dl.astype(dtype), du.astype(dtype) + + anorm = np.linalg.norm(A, ord=np.inf if norm == 'I' else 1) + + gttrf, gtcon = get_lapack_funcs(('gttrf', 'gtcon'), (A,)) + dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, info = gttrf(dl, d, du) + res, _ = gtcon(dl, d, du, du2, ipiv, anorm, norm=norm) + + gecon, getrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gecon', 'getrf'), (A,)) + lu, ipvt, info = getrf(A) + ref, _ = gecon(lu, anorm, norm=norm) + + rtol = np.finfo(dtype).eps**0.75 + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=rtol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(3, 7), (7, 3), (2**18, 2**18)]) +def test_geqrfp_lwork(dtype, shape): + geqrfp_lwork = get_lapack_funcs(('geqrfp_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + m, n = shape + lwork, info = geqrfp_lwork(m=m, n=n) + assert_equal(info, 0) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("ddtype,dtype", + zip(REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES, DTYPES)) +def test_pttrf_pttrs(ddtype, dtype): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + # set test tolerance appropriate for dtype + atol = 100*np.finfo(dtype).eps + # n is the length diagonal of A + n = 10 + # create diagonals according to size and dtype + + # diagonal d should always be real. + # add 4 to d so it will be dominant for all dtypes + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), ddtype, rng) + 4 + # diagonal e may be real or complex. + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + + # assemble diagonals together into matrix + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(np.conj(e), 1) + # store a copy of diagonals to later verify + diag_cpy = [d.copy(), e.copy()] + + pttrf = get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', dtype=dtype) + + _d, _e, info = pttrf(d, e) + # test to assure that the inputs of ?pttrf are unmodified + assert_array_equal(d, diag_cpy[0]) + assert_array_equal(e, diag_cpy[1]) + assert_equal(info, 0, err_msg=f"pttrf: info = {info}, should be 0") + + # test that the factors from pttrf can be recombined to make A + L = np.diag(_e, -1) + np.diag(np.ones(n)) + D = np.diag(_d) + + assert_allclose(A, L@D@L.conjugate().T, atol=atol) + + # generate random solution x + x = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), dtype, rng) + # determine accompanying b to get soln x + b = A@x + + # determine _x from pttrs + pttrs = get_lapack_funcs('pttrs', dtype=dtype) + _x, info = pttrs(_d, _e.conj(), b) + assert_equal(info, 0, err_msg=f"pttrs: info = {info}, should be 0") + + # test that _x from pttrs matches the expected x + assert_allclose(x, _x, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("ddtype,dtype", + zip(REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES, DTYPES)) +def test_pttrf_pttrs_errors_incompatible_shape(ddtype, dtype): + n = 10 + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + pttrf = get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', dtype=dtype) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), ddtype, rng) + 2 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + # test that ValueError is raised with incompatible matrix shapes + assert_raises(ValueError, pttrf, d[:-1], e) + assert_raises(ValueError, pttrf, d, e[:-1]) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("ddtype,dtype", + zip(REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES, DTYPES)) +def test_pttrf_pttrs_errors_singular_nonSPD(ddtype, dtype): + n = 10 + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + pttrf = get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', dtype=dtype) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), ddtype, rng) + 2 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + # test that singular (row of all zeroes) matrix fails via info + d[0] = 0 + e[0] = 0 + _d, _e, info = pttrf(d, e) + assert_equal(_d[info - 1], 0, + f"?pttrf: _d[info-1] is {_d[info - 1]}, not the illegal value :0.") + + # test with non-spd matrix + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), ddtype, rng) + _d, _e, info = pttrf(d, e) + assert_(info != 0, "?pttrf should fail with non-spd matrix, but didn't") + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize(("d, e, d_expect, e_expect, b, x_expect"), [ + (np.array([4, 10, 29, 25, 5]), + np.array([-2, -6, 15, 8]), + np.array([4, 9, 25, 16, 1]), + np.array([-.5, -.6667, .6, .5]), + np.array([[6, 10], [9, 4], [2, 9], [14, 65], + [7, 23]]), + np.array([[2.5, 2], [2, -1], [1, -3], [-1, 6], + [3, -5]]) + ), ( + np.array([16, 41, 46, 21]), + np.array([16 + 16j, 18 - 9j, 1 - 4j]), + np.array([16, 9, 1, 4]), + np.array([1+1j, 2-1j, 1-4j]), + np.array([[64+16j, -16-32j], [93+62j, 61-66j], + [78-80j, 71-74j], [14-27j, 35+15j]]), + np.array([[2+1j, -3-2j], [1+1j, 1+1j], [1-2j, 1-2j], + [1-1j, 2+1j]]) + )]) +def test_pttrf_pttrs_NAG(d, e, d_expect, e_expect, b, x_expect): + # test to assure that wrapper is consistent with NAG Manual Mark 26 + # example problems: f07jdf and f07jef (real) + # examples: f07jrf and f07csf (complex) + # NAG examples provide 4 decimals. + # (Links expire, so please search for "NAG Library Manual Mark 26" online) + + atol = 1e-4 + pttrf = get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', dtype=e[0]) + _d, _e, info = pttrf(d, e) + assert_allclose(_d, d_expect, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(_e, e_expect, atol=atol) + + pttrs = get_lapack_funcs('pttrs', dtype=e[0]) + _x, info = pttrs(_d, _e.conj(), b) + assert_allclose(_x, x_expect, atol=atol) + + # also test option `lower` + if e.dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + _x, info = pttrs(_d, _e, b, lower=1) + assert_allclose(_x, x_expect, atol=atol) + + +def pteqr_get_d_e_A_z(dtype, realtype, n, compute_z): + # used by ?pteqr tests to build parameters + # returns tuple of (d, e, A, z) + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + if compute_z == 1: + # build Hermitian A from Q**T * tri * Q = A by creating Q and tri + A_eig = generate_random_dtype_array((n, n), dtype, rng) + A_eig = A_eig + np.diag(np.zeros(n) + 4*n) + A_eig = (A_eig + A_eig.conj().T) / 2 + # obtain right eigenvectors (orthogonal) + vr = eigh(A_eig)[1] + # create tridiagonal matrix + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + 4 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), realtype, rng) + tri = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, 1) + np.diag(e, -1) + # Build A using these factors that sytrd would: (Q**T * tri * Q = A) + A = vr @ tri @ vr.conj().T + # vr is orthogonal + z = vr + + else: + # d and e are always real per lapack docs. + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), realtype, rng) + + # make SPD + d = d + 4 + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, 1) + np.diag(e, -1) + z = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(e, 1) + return (d, e, A, z) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", + zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("compute_z", range(3)) +def test_pteqr(dtype, realtype, compute_z): + ''' + Tests the ?pteqr lapack routine for all dtypes and compute_z parameters. + It generates random SPD matrix diagonals d and e, and then confirms + correct eigenvalues with scipy.linalg.eig. With applicable compute_z=2 it + tests that z can reform A. + ''' + atol = 1000*np.finfo(dtype).eps + pteqr = get_lapack_funcs(('pteqr'), dtype=dtype) + + n = 10 + + d, e, A, z = pteqr_get_d_e_A_z(dtype, realtype, n, compute_z) + + d_pteqr, e_pteqr, z_pteqr, info = pteqr(d=d, e=e, z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + assert_equal(info, 0, f"info = {info}, should be 0.") + + # compare the routine's eigenvalues with scipy.linalg.eig's. + assert_allclose(np.sort(eigh(A)[0]), np.sort(d_pteqr), atol=atol) + + if compute_z: + # verify z_pteqr as orthogonal + assert_allclose(z_pteqr @ np.conj(z_pteqr).T, np.identity(n), + atol=atol) + # verify that z_pteqr recombines to A + assert_allclose(z_pteqr @ np.diag(d_pteqr) @ np.conj(z_pteqr).T, + A, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", + zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("compute_z", range(3)) +def test_pteqr_error_non_spd(dtype, realtype, compute_z): + pteqr = get_lapack_funcs(('pteqr'), dtype=dtype) + + n = 10 + d, e, A, z = pteqr_get_d_e_A_z(dtype, realtype, n, compute_z) + + # test with non-spd matrix + d_pteqr, e_pteqr, z_pteqr, info = pteqr(d - 4, e, z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + assert info > 0 + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", + zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("compute_z", range(3)) +def test_pteqr_raise_error_wrong_shape(dtype, realtype, compute_z): + pteqr = get_lapack_funcs(('pteqr'), dtype=dtype) + n = 10 + d, e, A, z = pteqr_get_d_e_A_z(dtype, realtype, n, compute_z) + # test with incorrect/incompatible array sizes + assert_raises(ValueError, pteqr, d[:-1], e, z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + assert_raises(ValueError, pteqr, d, e[:-1], z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + if compute_z: + assert_raises(ValueError, pteqr, d, e, z=z[:-1], compute_z=compute_z) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", + zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("compute_z", range(3)) +def test_pteqr_error_singular(dtype, realtype, compute_z): + pteqr = get_lapack_funcs(('pteqr'), dtype=dtype) + n = 10 + d, e, A, z = pteqr_get_d_e_A_z(dtype, realtype, n, compute_z) + # test with singular matrix + d[0] = 0 + e[0] = 0 + d_pteqr, e_pteqr, z_pteqr, info = pteqr(d, e, z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + assert info > 0 + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("compute_z,d,e,d_expect,z_expect", + [(2, # "I" + np.array([4.16, 5.25, 1.09, .62]), + np.array([3.17, -.97, .55]), + np.array([8.0023, 1.9926, 1.0014, 0.1237]), + np.array([[0.6326, 0.6245, -0.4191, 0.1847], + [0.7668, -0.4270, 0.4176, -0.2352], + [-0.1082, 0.6071, 0.4594, -0.6393], + [-0.0081, 0.2432, 0.6625, 0.7084]])), + ]) +def test_pteqr_NAG_f08jgf(compute_z, d, e, d_expect, z_expect): + ''' + Implements real (f08jgf) example from NAG Manual Mark 26. + Tests for correct outputs. + ''' + # the NAG manual has 4 decimals accuracy + atol = 1e-4 + pteqr = get_lapack_funcs(('pteqr'), dtype=d.dtype) + + z = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, 1) + np.diag(e, -1) + _d, _e, _z, info = pteqr(d=d, e=e, z=z, compute_z=compute_z) + assert_allclose(_d, d_expect, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(np.abs(_z), np.abs(z_expect), atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('matrix_size', [(3, 4), (7, 6), (6, 6)]) +def test_geqrfp(dtype, matrix_size): + # Tests for all dytpes, tall, wide, and square matrices. + # Using the routine with random matrix A, Q and R are obtained and then + # tested such that R is upper triangular and non-negative on the diagonal, + # and Q is an orthogonal matrix. Verifies that A=Q@R. It also + # tests against a matrix that for which the linalg.qr method returns + # negative diagonals, and for error messaging. + + # set test tolerance appropriate for dtype + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + rtol = 250*np.finfo(dtype).eps + atol = 100*np.finfo(dtype).eps + # get appropriate ?geqrfp for dtype + geqrfp = get_lapack_funcs(('geqrfp'), dtype=dtype) + gqr = get_lapack_funcs(("orgqr"), dtype=dtype) + + m, n = matrix_size + + # create random matrix of dimensions m x n + A = generate_random_dtype_array((m, n), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + # create qr matrix using geqrfp + qr_A, tau, info = geqrfp(A) + + # obtain r from the upper triangular area + r = np.triu(qr_A) + + # obtain q from the orgqr lapack routine + # based on linalg.qr's extraction strategy of q with orgqr + + if m > n: + # this adds an extra column to the end of qr_A + # let qqr be an empty m x m matrix + qqr = np.zeros((m, m), dtype=dtype) + # set first n columns of qqr to qr_A + qqr[:, :n] = qr_A + # determine q from this qqr + # note that m is a sufficient for lwork based on LAPACK documentation + q = gqr(qqr, tau=tau, lwork=m)[0] + else: + q = gqr(qr_A[:, :m], tau=tau, lwork=m)[0] + + # test that q and r still make A + assert_allclose(q@r, A, rtol=rtol) + # ensure that q is orthogonal (that q @ transposed q is the identity) + assert_allclose(np.eye(q.shape[0]), q@(q.conj().T), rtol=rtol, + atol=atol) + # ensure r is upper tri by comparing original r to r as upper triangular + assert_allclose(r, np.triu(r), rtol=rtol) + # make sure diagonals of r are positive for this random solution + assert_(np.all(np.diag(r) > np.zeros(len(np.diag(r))))) + # ensure that info is zero for this success + assert_(info == 0) + + # test that this routine gives r diagonals that are positive for a + # matrix that returns negatives in the diagonal with scipy.linalg.rq + A_negative = generate_random_dtype_array((n, m), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) * -1 + r_rq_neg, q_rq_neg = qr(A_negative) + rq_A_neg, tau_neg, info_neg = geqrfp(A_negative) + # assert that any of the entries on the diagonal from linalg.qr + # are negative and that all of geqrfp are positive. + assert_(np.any(np.diag(r_rq_neg) < 0) and + np.all(np.diag(r) > 0)) + + +def test_geqrfp_errors_with_empty_array(): + # check that empty array raises good error message + A_empty = np.array([]) + geqrfp = get_lapack_funcs('geqrfp', dtype=A_empty.dtype) + assert_raises(Exception, geqrfp, A_empty) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("driver", ['ev', 'evd', 'evr', 'evx']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("pfx", ['sy', 'he']) +def test_standard_eigh_lworks(pfx, driver): + n = 1200 # Some sufficiently big arbitrary number + dtype = REAL_DTYPES if pfx == 'sy' else COMPLEX_DTYPES + sc_dlw = get_lapack_funcs(pfx+driver+'_lwork', dtype=dtype[0]) + dz_dlw = get_lapack_funcs(pfx+driver+'_lwork', dtype=dtype[1]) + try: + _compute_lwork(sc_dlw, n, lower=1) + _compute_lwork(dz_dlw, n, lower=1) + except Exception as e: + pytest.fail(f"{pfx+driver}_lwork raised unexpected exception: {e}") + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("driver", ['gv', 'gvx']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("pfx", ['sy', 'he']) +def test_generalized_eigh_lworks(pfx, driver): + n = 1200 # Some sufficiently big arbitrary number + dtype = REAL_DTYPES if pfx == 'sy' else COMPLEX_DTYPES + sc_dlw = get_lapack_funcs(pfx+driver+'_lwork', dtype=dtype[0]) + dz_dlw = get_lapack_funcs(pfx+driver+'_lwork', dtype=dtype[1]) + # Shouldn't raise any exceptions + try: + _compute_lwork(sc_dlw, n, uplo="L") + _compute_lwork(dz_dlw, n, uplo="L") + except Exception as e: + pytest.fail(f"{pfx+driver}_lwork raised unexpected exception: {e}") + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_", DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [1, 10, 100, 1000]) +def test_orcsd_uncsd_lwork(dtype_, m): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + p = rng.integers(0, m) + q = m - p + pfx = 'or' if dtype_ in REAL_DTYPES else 'un' + dlw = pfx + 'csd_lwork' + lw = get_lapack_funcs(dlw, dtype=dtype_) + lwval = _compute_lwork(lw, m, p, q) + lwval = lwval if pfx == 'un' else (lwval,) + assert all([x > 0 for x in lwval]) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_", DTYPES) +def test_orcsd_uncsd(dtype_): + m, p, q = 250, 80, 170 + + pfx = 'or' if dtype_ in REAL_DTYPES else 'un' + X = ortho_group.rvs(m) if pfx == 'or' else unitary_group.rvs(m) + + drv, dlw = get_lapack_funcs((pfx + 'csd', pfx + 'csd_lwork'), dtype=dtype_) + lwval = _compute_lwork(dlw, m, p, q) + lwvals = {'lwork': lwval} if pfx == 'or' else dict(zip(['lwork', + 'lrwork'], lwval)) + + cs11, cs12, cs21, cs22, theta, u1, u2, v1t, v2t, info =\ + drv(X[:p, :q], X[:p, q:], X[p:, :q], X[p:, q:], **lwvals) + + assert info == 0 + + U = block_diag(u1, u2) + VH = block_diag(v1t, v2t) + r = min(min(p, q), min(m-p, m-q)) + n11 = min(p, q) - r + n12 = min(p, m-q) - r + n21 = min(m-p, q) - r + n22 = min(m-p, m-q) - r + + S = np.zeros((m, m), dtype=dtype_) + one = dtype_(1.) + for i in range(n11): + S[i, i] = one + for i in range(n22): + S[p+i, q+i] = one + for i in range(n12): + S[i+n11+r, i+n11+r+n21+n22+r] = -one + for i in range(n21): + S[p+n22+r+i, n11+r+i] = one + + for i in range(r): + S[i+n11, i+n11] = np.cos(theta[i]) + S[p+n22+i, i+r+n21+n22] = np.cos(theta[i]) + + S[i+n11, i+n11+n21+n22+r] = -np.sin(theta[i]) + S[p+n22+i, i+n11] = np.sin(theta[i]) + + Xc = U @ S @ VH + assert_allclose(X, Xc, rtol=0., atol=1e4*np.finfo(dtype_).eps) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("trans_bool", [False, True]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact", ["F", "N"]) +def test_gtsvx(dtype, trans_bool, fact): + """ + These tests uses ?gtsvx to solve a random Ax=b system for each dtype. + It tests that the outputs define an LU matrix, that inputs are unmodified, + transposal options, incompatible shapes, singular matrices, and + singular factorizations. It parametrizes DTYPES and the 'fact' value along + with the fact related inputs. + """ + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + # set test tolerance appropriate for dtype + atol = 100 * np.finfo(dtype).eps + # obtain routine + gtsvx, gttrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gtsvx', 'gttrf'), dtype=dtype) + # Generate random tridiagonal matrix A + n = 10 + dl = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + du = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = np.diag(dl, -1) + np.diag(d) + np.diag(du, 1) + # generate random solution x + x = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + # create b from x for equation Ax=b + trans = ("T" if dtype in REAL_DTYPES else "C") if trans_bool else "N" + b = (A.conj().T if trans_bool else A) @ x + + # store a copy of the inputs to check they haven't been modified later + inputs_cpy = [dl.copy(), d.copy(), du.copy(), b.copy()] + + # set these to None if fact = 'N', or the output of gttrf is fact = 'F' + dlf_, df_, duf_, du2f_, ipiv_, info_ = \ + gttrf(dl, d, du) if fact == 'F' else [None]*6 + + gtsvx_out = gtsvx(dl, d, du, b, fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + dlf, df, duf, du2f, ipiv, x_soln, rcond, ferr, berr, info = gtsvx_out + assert_(info == 0, f"?gtsvx info = {info}, should be zero") + + # assure that inputs are unmodified + assert_array_equal(dl, inputs_cpy[0]) + assert_array_equal(d, inputs_cpy[1]) + assert_array_equal(du, inputs_cpy[2]) + assert_array_equal(b, inputs_cpy[3]) + + # test that x_soln matches the expected x + assert_allclose(x, x_soln, atol=atol) + + # assert that the outputs are of correct type or shape + # rcond should be a scalar + assert_(hasattr(rcond, "__len__") is not True, + f"rcond should be scalar but is {rcond}") + # ferr should be length of # of cols in x + assert_(ferr.shape[0] == b.shape[1], (f"ferr.shape is {ferr.shape[0]} but should" + f" be {b.shape[1]}")) + # berr should be length of # of cols in x + assert_(berr.shape[0] == b.shape[1], (f"berr.shape is {berr.shape[0]} but should" + f" be {b.shape[1]}")) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("trans_bool", [0, 1]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact", ["F", "N"]) +def test_gtsvx_error_singular(dtype, trans_bool, fact): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + # obtain routine + gtsvx, gttrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gtsvx', 'gttrf'), dtype=dtype) + # Generate random tridiagonal matrix A + n = 10 + dl = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + du = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = np.diag(dl, -1) + np.diag(d) + np.diag(du, 1) + # generate random solution x + x = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + # create b from x for equation Ax=b + trans = "T" if dtype in REAL_DTYPES else "C" + b = (A.conj().T if trans_bool else A) @ x + + # set these to None if fact = 'N', or the output of gttrf is fact = 'F' + dlf_, df_, duf_, du2f_, ipiv_, info_ = \ + gttrf(dl, d, du) if fact == 'F' else [None]*6 + + gtsvx_out = gtsvx(dl, d, du, b, fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + dlf, df, duf, du2f, ipiv, x_soln, rcond, ferr, berr, info = gtsvx_out + # test with singular matrix + # no need to test inputs with fact "F" since ?gttrf already does. + if fact == "N": + # Construct a singular example manually + d[-1] = 0 + dl[-1] = 0 + # solve using routine + gtsvx_out = gtsvx(dl, d, du, b) + dlf, df, duf, du2f, ipiv, x_soln, rcond, ferr, berr, info = gtsvx_out + # test for the singular matrix. + assert info > 0, "info should be > 0 for singular matrix" + + elif fact == 'F': + # assuming that a singular factorization is input + df_[-1] = 0 + duf_[-1] = 0 + du2f_[-1] = 0 + + gtsvx_out = gtsvx(dl, d, du, b, fact=fact, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, duf=duf_, + du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + dlf, df, duf, du2f, ipiv, x_soln, rcond, ferr, berr, info = gtsvx_out + # info should not be zero and should provide index of illegal value + assert info > 0, "info should be > 0 for singular matrix" + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", DTYPES*2) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("trans_bool", [False, True]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact", ["F", "N"]) +def test_gtsvx_error_incompatible_size(dtype, trans_bool, fact): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + # obtain routine + gtsvx, gttrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gtsvx', 'gttrf'), dtype=dtype) + # Generate random tridiagonal matrix A + n = 10 + dl = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + du = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + A = np.diag(dl, -1) + np.diag(d) + np.diag(du, 1) + # generate random solution x + x = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + # create b from x for equation Ax=b + trans = "T" if dtype in REAL_DTYPES else "C" + b = (A.conj().T if trans_bool else A) @ x + + # set these to None if fact = 'N', or the output of gttrf is fact = 'F' + dlf_, df_, duf_, du2f_, ipiv_, info_ = \ + gttrf(dl, d, du) if fact == 'F' else [None]*6 + + if fact == "N": + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl[:-1], d, du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d[:-1], du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d, du[:-1], b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(Exception, gtsvx, dl, d, du, b[:-1], + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + else: + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d, du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_[:-1], df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d, du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_[:-1], + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d, du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_[:-1], du2=du2f_, ipiv=ipiv_) + assert_raises(ValueError, gtsvx, dl, d, du, b, + fact=fact, trans=trans, dlf=dlf_, df=df_, + duf=duf_, du2=du2f_[:-1], ipiv=ipiv_) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("du,d,dl,b,x", + [(np.array([2.1, -1.0, 1.9, 8.0]), + np.array([3.0, 2.3, -5.0, -0.9, 7.1]), + np.array([3.4, 3.6, 7.0, -6.0]), + np.array([[2.7, 6.6], [-.5, 10.8], [2.6, -3.2], + [.6, -11.2], [2.7, 19.1]]), + np.array([[-4, 5], [7, -4], [3, -3], [-4, -2], + [-3, 1]])), + (np.array([2 - 1j, 2 + 1j, -1 + 1j, 1 - 1j]), + np.array([-1.3 + 1.3j, -1.3 + 1.3j, -1.3 + 3.3j, + -.3 + 4.3j, -3.3 + 1.3j]), + np.array([1 - 2j, 1 + 1j, 2 - 3j, 1 + 1j]), + np.array([[2.4 - 5j, 2.7 + 6.9j], + [3.4 + 18.2j, -6.9 - 5.3j], + [-14.7 + 9.7j, -6 - .6j], + [31.9 - 7.7j, -3.9 + 9.3j], + [-1 + 1.6j, -3 + 12.2j]]), + np.array([[1 + 1j, 2 - 1j], [3 - 1j, 1 + 2j], + [4 + 5j, -1 + 1j], [-1 - 2j, 2 + 1j], + [1 - 1j, 2 - 2j]]))]) +def test_gtsvx_NAG(du, d, dl, b, x): + # Test to ensure wrapper is consistent with NAG Manual Mark 26 + # example problems: real (f07cbf) and complex (f07cpf) + gtsvx = get_lapack_funcs('gtsvx', dtype=d.dtype) + + gtsvx_out = gtsvx(dl, d, du, b) + dlf, df, duf, du2f, ipiv, x_soln, rcond, ferr, berr, info = gtsvx_out + + assert_array_almost_equal(x, x_soln) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact,df_de_lambda", + [("F", + lambda d, e: get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', + dtype=e.dtype)(d, e)), + ("N", lambda d, e: (None, None, None))]) +def test_ptsvx(dtype, realtype, fact, df_de_lambda): + ''' + This tests the ?ptsvx lapack routine wrapper to solve a random system + Ax = b for all dtypes and input variations. Tests for: unmodified + input parameters, fact options, incompatible matrix shapes raise an error, + and singular matrices return info of illegal value. + ''' + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + # set test tolerance appropriate for dtype + atol = 100 * np.finfo(dtype).eps + ptsvx = get_lapack_funcs('ptsvx', dtype=dtype) + n = 5 + # create diagonals according to size and dtype + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + 4 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(np.conj(e), 1) + x_soln = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = A @ x_soln + + # use lambda to determine what df, ef are + df, ef, info = df_de_lambda(d, e) + + # create copy to later test that they are unmodified + diag_cpy = [d.copy(), e.copy(), b.copy()] + + # solve using routine + df, ef, x, rcond, ferr, berr, info = ptsvx(d, e, b, fact=fact, + df=df, ef=ef) + # d, e, and b should be unmodified + assert_array_equal(d, diag_cpy[0]) + assert_array_equal(e, diag_cpy[1]) + assert_array_equal(b, diag_cpy[2]) + assert_(info == 0, f"info should be 0 but is {info}.") + assert_array_almost_equal(x_soln, x) + + # test that the factors from ptsvx can be recombined to make A + L = np.diag(ef, -1) + np.diag(np.ones(n)) + D = np.diag(df) + assert_allclose(A, L@D@(np.conj(L).T), atol=atol) + + # assert that the outputs are of correct type or shape + # rcond should be a scalar + assert not hasattr(rcond, "__len__"), \ + f"rcond should be scalar but is {rcond}" + # ferr should be length of # of cols in x + assert_(ferr.shape == (2,), (f"ferr.shape is {ferr.shape} but should be " + "({x_soln.shape[1]},)")) + # berr should be length of # of cols in x + assert_(berr.shape == (2,), (f"berr.shape is {berr.shape} but should be " + "({x_soln.shape[1]},)")) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact,df_de_lambda", + [("F", + lambda d, e: get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', + dtype=e.dtype)(d, e)), + ("N", lambda d, e: (None, None, None))]) +def test_ptsvx_error_raise_errors(dtype, realtype, fact, df_de_lambda): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + ptsvx = get_lapack_funcs('ptsvx', dtype=dtype) + n = 5 + # create diagonals according to size and dtype + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + 4 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(np.conj(e), 1) + x_soln = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = A @ x_soln + + # use lambda to determine what df, ef are + df, ef, info = df_de_lambda(d, e) + + # test with malformatted array sizes + assert_raises(ValueError, ptsvx, d[:-1], e, b, fact=fact, df=df, ef=ef) + assert_raises(ValueError, ptsvx, d, e[:-1], b, fact=fact, df=df, ef=ef) + assert_raises(Exception, ptsvx, d, e, b[:-1], fact=fact, df=df, ef=ef) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype,realtype", zip(DTYPES, REAL_DTYPES + + REAL_DTYPES)) +@pytest.mark.parametrize("fact,df_de_lambda", + [("F", + lambda d, e: get_lapack_funcs('pttrf', + dtype=e.dtype)(d, e)), + ("N", lambda d, e: (None, None, None))]) +def test_ptsvx_non_SPD_singular(dtype, realtype, fact, df_de_lambda): + rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + ptsvx = get_lapack_funcs('ptsvx', dtype=dtype) + n = 5 + # create diagonals according to size and dtype + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + 4 + e = generate_random_dtype_array((n-1,), dtype, rng) + A = np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(np.conj(e), 1) + x_soln = generate_random_dtype_array((n, 2), dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = A @ x_soln + + # use lambda to determine what df, ef are + df, ef, info = df_de_lambda(d, e) + + if fact == "N": + d[3] = 0 + # obtain new df, ef + df, ef, info = df_de_lambda(d, e) + # solve using routine + df, ef, x, rcond, ferr, berr, info = ptsvx(d, e, b) + # test for the singular matrix. + assert info > 0 and info <= n + + # non SPD matrix + d = generate_random_dtype_array((n,), realtype, rng) + df, ef, x, rcond, ferr, berr, info = ptsvx(d, e, b) + assert info > 0 and info <= n + else: + # assuming that someone is using a singular factorization + df, ef, info = df_de_lambda(d, e) + df[0] = 0 + ef[0] = 0 + df, ef, x, rcond, ferr, berr, info = ptsvx(d, e, b, fact=fact, + df=df, ef=ef) + assert info > 0 + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('d,e,b,x', + [(np.array([4, 10, 29, 25, 5]), + np.array([-2, -6, 15, 8]), + np.array([[6, 10], [9, 4], [2, 9], [14, 65], + [7, 23]]), + np.array([[2.5, 2], [2, -1], [1, -3], + [-1, 6], [3, -5]])), + (np.array([16, 41, 46, 21]), + np.array([16 + 16j, 18 - 9j, 1 - 4j]), + np.array([[64 + 16j, -16 - 32j], + [93 + 62j, 61 - 66j], + [78 - 80j, 71 - 74j], + [14 - 27j, 35 + 15j]]), + np.array([[2 + 1j, -3 - 2j], + [1 + 1j, 1 + 1j], + [1 - 2j, 1 - 2j], + [1 - 1j, 2 + 1j]]))]) +def test_ptsvx_NAG(d, e, b, x): + # test to assure that wrapper is consistent with NAG Manual Mark 26 + # example problems: f07jbf, f07jpf + # (Links expire, so please search for "NAG Library Manual Mark 26" online) + + # obtain routine with correct type based on e.dtype + ptsvx = get_lapack_funcs('ptsvx', dtype=e.dtype) + # solve using routine + df, ef, x_ptsvx, rcond, ferr, berr, info = ptsvx(d, e, b) + # determine ptsvx's solution and x are the same. + assert_array_almost_equal(x, x_ptsvx) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('lower', [False, True]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_pptrs_pptri_pptrf_ppsv_ppcon(dtype, lower): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + atol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*100 + # Manual conversion to/from packed format is feasible here. + n, nrhs = 10, 4 + a = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = generate_random_dtype_array([n, nrhs], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + a = a.conj().T + a + np.eye(n, dtype=dtype) * dtype(5.) + if lower: + inds = ([x for y in range(n) for x in range(y, n)], + [y for y in range(n) for x in range(y, n)]) + else: + inds = ([x for y in range(1, n+1) for x in range(y)], + [y-1 for y in range(1, n+1) for x in range(y)]) + ap = a[inds] + ppsv, pptrf, pptrs, pptri, ppcon = get_lapack_funcs( + ('ppsv', 'pptrf', 'pptrs', 'pptri', 'ppcon'), + dtype=dtype, + ilp64="preferred") + + ul, info = pptrf(n, ap, lower=lower) + assert_equal(info, 0) + aul = cholesky(a, lower=lower)[inds] + assert_allclose(ul, aul, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + uli, info = pptri(n, ul, lower=lower) + assert_equal(info, 0) + auli = inv(a)[inds] + assert_allclose(uli, auli, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + x, info = pptrs(n, ul, b, lower=lower) + assert_equal(info, 0) + bx = solve(a, b) + assert_allclose(x, bx, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + xv, info = ppsv(n, ap, b, lower=lower) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_allclose(xv, bx, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + anorm = np.linalg.norm(a, 1) + rcond, info = ppcon(n, ap, anorm=anorm, lower=lower) + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_(abs(1/rcond - np.linalg.cond(a, p=1))*rcond < 1) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_gees_trexc(dtype): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + atol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*100 + + n = 10 + a = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + gees, trexc = get_lapack_funcs(('gees', 'trexc'), dtype=dtype) + + result = gees(lambda x: None, a, overwrite_a=False) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + z = result[-3] + + d2 = t[6, 6] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(z @ t @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + result = trexc(t, z, 7, 1) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + z = result[-2] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(z @ t @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(t[0, 0], d2, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize( + "t, expect, ifst, ilst", + [(np.array([[0.80, -0.11, 0.01, 0.03], + [0.00, -0.10, 0.25, 0.35], + [0.00, -0.65, -0.10, 0.20], + [0.00, 0.00, 0.00, -0.10]]), + np.array([[-0.1000, -0.6463, 0.0874, 0.2010], + [0.2514, -0.1000, 0.0927, 0.3505], + [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.8000, -0.0117], + [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, -0.1000]]), + 2, 1), + (np.array([[-6.00 - 7.00j, 0.36 - 0.36j, -0.19 + 0.48j, 0.88 - 0.25j], + [0.00 + 0.00j, -5.00 + 2.00j, -0.03 - 0.72j, -0.23 + 0.13j], + [0.00 + 0.00j, 0.00 + 0.00j, 8.00 - 1.00j, 0.94 + 0.53j], + [0.00 + 0.00j, 0.00 + 0.00j, 0.00 + 0.00j, 3.00 - 4.00j]]), + np.array([[-5.0000 + 2.0000j, -0.1574 + 0.7143j, + 0.1781 - 0.1913j, 0.3950 + 0.3861j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, 8.0000 - 1.0000j, + 1.0742 + 0.1447j, 0.2515 - 0.3397j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, 0.0000 + 0.0000j, + 3.0000 - 4.0000j, 0.2264 + 0.8962j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, 0.0000 + 0.0000j, + 0.0000 + 0.0000j, -6.0000 - 7.0000j]]), + 1, 4)]) +def test_trexc_NAG(t, ifst, ilst, expect): + """ + This test implements the example found in the NAG manual, + f08qfc, f08qtc, f08qgc, f08quc. + """ + # NAG manual provides accuracy up to 4 decimals + atol = 1e-4 + trexc = get_lapack_funcs('trexc', dtype=t.dtype) + + result = trexc(t, t, ifst, ilst, wantq=0) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + assert_allclose(expect, t, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_gges_tgexc(dtype): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + atol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*100 + + n = 10 + a = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + gges, tgexc = get_lapack_funcs(('gges', 'tgexc'), dtype=dtype) + + result = gges(lambda x: None, a, b, overwrite_a=False, overwrite_b=False) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + s = result[0] + t = result[1] + q = result[-4] + z = result[-3] + + d1 = s[0, 0] / t[0, 0] + d2 = s[6, 6] / t[6, 6] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(s, np.triu(s), rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(q @ s @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(q @ t @ z.conj().T, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + result = tgexc(s, t, q, z, 7, 1) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + s = result[0] + t = result[1] + q = result[2] + z = result[3] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(s, np.triu(s), rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(q @ s @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(q @ t @ z.conj().T, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(s[0, 0] / t[0, 0], d2, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(s[1, 1] / t[1, 1], d1, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_gees_trsen(dtype): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + atol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*100 + + n = 10 + a = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + gees, trsen, trsen_lwork = get_lapack_funcs( + ('gees', 'trsen', 'trsen_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + + result = gees(lambda x: None, a, overwrite_a=False) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + z = result[-3] + + d2 = t[6, 6] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(z @ t @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + select = np.zeros(n) + select[6] = 1 + + lwork = _compute_lwork(trsen_lwork, select, t) + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + result = trsen(select, t, z, lwork=lwork) + else: + result = trsen(select, t, z, lwork=lwork, liwork=lwork[1]) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + z = result[1] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(z @ t @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(t[0, 0], d2, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize( + "t, q, expect, select, expect_s, expect_sep", + [(np.array([[0.7995, -0.1144, 0.0060, 0.0336], + [0.0000, -0.0994, 0.2478, 0.3474], + [0.0000, -0.6483, -0.0994, 0.2026], + [0.0000, 0.0000, 0.0000, -0.1007]]), + np.array([[0.6551, 0.1037, 0.3450, 0.6641], + [0.5236, -0.5807, -0.6141, -0.1068], + [-0.5362, -0.3073, -0.2935, 0.7293], + [0.0956, 0.7467, -0.6463, 0.1249]]), + np.array([[0.3500, 0.4500, -0.1400, -0.1700], + [0.0900, 0.0700, -0.5399, 0.3500], + [-0.4400, -0.3300, -0.0300, 0.1700], + [0.2500, -0.3200, -0.1300, 0.1100]]), + np.array([1, 0, 0, 1]), + 1.75e+00, 3.22e+00), + (np.array([[-6.0004 - 6.9999j, 0.3637 - 0.3656j, + -0.1880 + 0.4787j, 0.8785 - 0.2539j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, -5.0000 + 2.0060j, + -0.0307 - 0.7217j, -0.2290 + 0.1313j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, 0.0000 + 0.0000j, + 7.9982 - 0.9964j, 0.9357 + 0.5359j], + [0.0000 + 0.0000j, 0.0000 + 0.0000j, + 0.0000 + 0.0000j, 3.0023 - 3.9998j]]), + np.array([[-0.8347 - 0.1364j, -0.0628 + 0.3806j, + 0.2765 - 0.0846j, 0.0633 - 0.2199j], + [0.0664 - 0.2968j, 0.2365 + 0.5240j, + -0.5877 - 0.4208j, 0.0835 + 0.2183j], + [-0.0362 - 0.3215j, 0.3143 - 0.5473j, + 0.0576 - 0.5736j, 0.0057 - 0.4058j], + [0.0086 + 0.2958j, -0.3416 - 0.0757j, + -0.1900 - 0.1600j, 0.8327 - 0.1868j]]), + np.array([[-3.9702 - 5.0406j, -4.1108 + 3.7002j, + -0.3403 + 1.0098j, 1.2899 - 0.8590j], + [0.3397 - 1.5006j, 1.5201 - 0.4301j, + 1.8797 - 5.3804j, 3.3606 + 0.6498j], + [3.3101 - 3.8506j, 2.4996 + 3.4504j, + 0.8802 - 1.0802j, 0.6401 - 1.4800j], + [-1.0999 + 0.8199j, 1.8103 - 1.5905j, + 3.2502 + 1.3297j, 1.5701 - 3.4397j]]), + np.array([1, 0, 0, 1]), + 1.02e+00, 1.82e-01)]) +def test_trsen_NAG(t, q, select, expect, expect_s, expect_sep): + """ + This test implements the example found in the NAG manual, + f08qgc, f08quc. + """ + # NAG manual provides accuracy up to 4 and 2 decimals + atol = 1e-4 + atol2 = 1e-2 + trsen, trsen_lwork = get_lapack_funcs( + ('trsen', 'trsen_lwork'), dtype=t.dtype) + + lwork = _compute_lwork(trsen_lwork, select, t) + + if t.dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + result = trsen(select, t, q, lwork=lwork) + else: + result = trsen(select, t, q, lwork=lwork, liwork=lwork[1]) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + t = result[0] + q = result[1] + if t.dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + s = result[4] + sep = result[5] + else: + s = result[5] + sep = result[6] + + assert_allclose(expect, q @ t @ q.conj().T, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(expect_s, 1 / s, atol=atol2) + assert_allclose(expect_sep, 1 / sep, atol=atol2) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_gges_tgsen(dtype): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + atol = np.finfo(dtype).eps*100 + + n = 10 + a = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + b = generate_random_dtype_array([n, n], dtype=dtype, rng=rng) + + gges, tgsen, tgsen_lwork = get_lapack_funcs( + ('gges', 'tgsen', 'tgsen_lwork'), dtype=dtype) + + result = gges(lambda x: None, a, b, overwrite_a=False, overwrite_b=False) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + s = result[0] + t = result[1] + q = result[-4] + z = result[-3] + + d1 = s[0, 0] / t[0, 0] + d2 = s[6, 6] / t[6, 6] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(s, np.triu(s), rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(q @ s @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(q @ t @ z.conj().T, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + select = np.zeros(n) + select[6] = 1 + + lwork = _compute_lwork(tgsen_lwork, select, s, t) + + # off-by-one error in LAPACK, see gh-issue #13397 + lwork = (lwork[0]+1, lwork[1]) + + result = tgsen(select, s, t, q, z, lwork=lwork) + assert_equal(result[-1], 0) + + s = result[0] + t = result[1] + q = result[-7] + z = result[-6] + + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + assert_allclose(s, np.triu(s), rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(t, np.triu(t), rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(q @ s @ z.conj().T, a, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(q @ t @ z.conj().T, b, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + assert_allclose(s[0, 0] / t[0, 0], d2, rtol=0, atol=atol) + assert_allclose(s[1, 1] / t[1, 1], d1, rtol=0, atol=atol) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize( + "a, b, c, d, e, f, rans, lans", + [(np.array([[4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0], + [0.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 6.0]]), + np.array([[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[-4.0, 7.0, 1.0, 12.0], + [-9.0, 2.0, -2.0, -2.0], + [-4.0, 2.0, -2.0, 8.0], + [-7.0, 7.0, -6.0, 19.0]]), + np.array([[2.0, 1.0, 1.0, 3.0], + [0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.0]]), + np.array([[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 2.0], + [0.0, 1.0, 4.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]), + np.array([[-7.0, 5.0, 0.0, 7.0], + [-5.0, 1.0, -8.0, 0.0], + [-1.0, 2.0, -3.0, 5.0], + [-3.0, 2.0, 0.0, 5.0]]), + np.array([[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0], + [-1.0, 2.0, -1.0, -1.0], + [-1.0, 1.0, 3.0, 1.0], + [-1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[4.0, -1.0, 1.0, -1.0], + [1.0, 3.0, -1.0, 1.0], + [-1.0, 1.0, 2.0, -1.0], + [1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.0]]))]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) +def test_tgsyl_NAG(a, b, c, d, e, f, rans, lans, dtype): + atol = 1e-4 + + tgsyl = get_lapack_funcs(('tgsyl'), dtype=dtype) + rout, lout, scale, dif, info = tgsyl(a, b, c, d, e, f) + + assert_equal(info, 0) + assert_allclose(scale, 1.0, rtol=0, atol=np.finfo(dtype).eps*100, + err_msg="SCALE must be 1.0") + assert_allclose(dif, 0.0, rtol=0, atol=np.finfo(dtype).eps*100, + err_msg="DIF must be nearly 0") + assert_allclose(rout, rans, atol=atol, + err_msg="Solution for R is incorrect") + assert_allclose(lout, lans, atol=atol, + err_msg="Solution for L is incorrect") + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('trans', ('N', 'T')) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('ijob', [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]) +def test_tgsyl(dtype, trans, ijob): + + atol = 1e-3 if dtype == np.float32 else 1e-10 + rng = np.random.default_rng(1685779866898198) + m, n = 10, 15 + + a, d, *_ = qz(rng.uniform(-10, 10, [m, m]).astype(dtype), + rng.uniform(-10, 10, [m, m]).astype(dtype), + output='real') + + b, e, *_ = qz(rng.uniform(-10, 10, [n, n]).astype(dtype), + rng.uniform(-10, 10, [n, n]).astype(dtype), + output='real') + + c = rng.uniform(-2, 2, [m, n]).astype(dtype) + f = rng.uniform(-2, 2, [m, n]).astype(dtype) + + tgsyl = get_lapack_funcs(('tgsyl'), dtype=dtype) + rout, lout, scale, dif, info = tgsyl(a, b, c, d, e, f, + trans=trans, ijob=ijob) + + assert info == 0, "INFO is non-zero" + assert scale >= 0.0, "SCALE must be non-negative" + if ijob == 0: + assert_allclose(dif, 0.0, rtol=0, atol=np.finfo(dtype).eps*100, + err_msg="DIF must be 0 for ijob =0") + else: + assert dif >= 0.0, "DIF must be non-negative" + + # Only DIF is calculated for ijob = 3/4 + if ijob <= 2: + if trans == 'N': + lhs1 = a @ rout - lout @ b + rhs1 = scale*c + lhs2 = d @ rout - lout @ e + rhs2 = scale*f + elif trans == 'T': + lhs1 = np.transpose(a) @ rout + np.transpose(d) @ lout + rhs1 = scale*c + lhs2 = rout @ np.transpose(b) + lout @ np.transpose(e) + rhs2 = -1.0*scale*f + + assert_allclose(lhs1, rhs1, atol=atol, rtol=0., + err_msg='lhs1 and rhs1 do not match') + assert_allclose(lhs2, rhs2, atol=atol, rtol=0., + err_msg='lhs2 and rhs2 do not match') + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('mtype', ['sy', 'he']) # matrix type +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('lower', (0, 1)) +def test_sy_hetrs(mtype, dtype, lower): + if mtype == 'he' and dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + pytest.skip("hetrs not for real dtypes.") + rng = np.random.default_rng(1723059677121834) + n, nrhs = 20, 5 + if dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + A = (rng.uniform(size=(n, n)) + rng.uniform(size=(n, n))*1j).astype(dtype) + else: + A = rng.uniform(size=(n, n)).astype(dtype) + + A = A + A.T if mtype == 'sy' else A + A.conj().T + b = rng.uniform(size=(n, nrhs)).astype(dtype) + names = f'{mtype}trf', f'{mtype}trf_lwork', f'{mtype}trs' + trf, trf_lwork, trs = get_lapack_funcs(names, dtype=dtype) + lwork = trf_lwork(n, lower=lower) + ldu, ipiv, info = trf(A, lwork=lwork, lower=lower) + assert info == 0 + x, info = trs(a=ldu, ipiv=ipiv, b=b, lower=lower) + assert info == 0 + eps = np.finfo(dtype).eps + assert_allclose(A@x, b, atol=100*n*eps) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('mtype', ['sy', 'he']) # matrix type +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('lower', (0, 1)) +def test_sy_he_tri(dtype, lower, mtype): + if mtype == 'he' and dtype in REAL_DTYPES: + pytest.skip("hetri not for real dtypes.") + if sysconfig.get_platform() == 'win-arm64' and dtype in COMPLEX_DTYPES: + pytest.skip("Test segfaulting on win-arm64 in CI, see gh-23133") + + rng = np.random.default_rng(1723059677121834) + n = 20 + A = rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.floating): + A = A.real + A = A.astype(dtype) + A = A + A.T if mtype == 'sy' else A + A.conj().T + names = f'{mtype}trf', f'{mtype}tri' + trf, tri = get_lapack_funcs(names, dtype=dtype) + ldu, ipiv, info = trf(A, lower=lower) + assert info == 0 + A_inv, info = tri(a=ldu, ipiv=ipiv, lower=lower) + assert info == 0 + eps = np.finfo(dtype).eps + ref = np.linalg.inv(A) + if lower: + assert_allclose(np.tril(A_inv), np.tril(ref), atol=100*n*eps) + else: + assert_allclose(np.triu(A_inv), np.triu(ref), atol=100*n*eps) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', list('Mm1OoIiFfEe')) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('uplo, m, n', [('U', 5, 10), ('U', 10, 10), + ('L', 10, 5), ('L', 10, 10)]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('diag', ['N', 'U']) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_lantr(norm, uplo, m, n, diag, dtype): + rng = np.random.default_rng(98426598246982456) + A = rng.random(size=(m, n)).astype(dtype) + lantr, lange = get_lapack_funcs(('lantr', 'lange'), (A,)) + res = lantr(norm, A, uplo=uplo, diag=diag) + + # now modify the matrix according to assumptions made by `lantr` + A = np.triu(A) if uplo == 'U' else np.tril(A) + if diag == 'U': + i = np.arange(min(m, n)) + A[i, i] = 1 + ref = lange(norm, A) + + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=2e-6) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', ['1', 'I', 'O']) +def test_gbcon(dtype, norm): + rng = np.random.default_rng(17273783424) + + # A is of shape n x n with ku/kl super/sub-diagonals + n, ku, kl = 10, 2, 2 + A = rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j + # make the condition numbers more interesting + offset = rng.permuted(np.logspace(0, rng.integers(0, 10), n)) + A += offset + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.floating): + A = A.real + A = A.astype(dtype) + A[np.triu_indices(n, ku + 1)] = 0 + A[np.tril_indices(n, -kl - 1)] = 0 + + # construct banded form + tmp = _to_banded(kl, ku, A) + # add rows required by ?gbtrf + LDAB = 2*kl + ku + 1 + ab = np.zeros((LDAB, n), dtype=dtype) + ab[kl:, :] = tmp + + anorm = np.linalg.norm(A, ord=np.inf if norm == 'I' else 1) + gbcon, gbtrf = get_lapack_funcs(("gbcon", "gbtrf"), (ab,)) + lu_band, ipiv, _ = gbtrf(ab, kl, ku) + res = gbcon(norm=norm, kl=kl, ku=ku, ab=lu_band, ipiv=ipiv, + anorm=anorm)[0] + + gecon, getrf = get_lapack_funcs(('gecon', 'getrf'), (A,)) + lu = getrf(A)[0] + ref = gecon(lu, anorm, norm=norm)[0] + # This is an estimate of reciprocal condition number; we just need order of + # magnitude. + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=1) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('norm', list('Mm1OoIiFfEe')) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', DTYPES) +def test_langb(dtype, norm): + rng = np.random.default_rng(17273783424) + + # A is of shape n x n with ku/kl super/sub-diagonals + n, ku, kl = 10, 2, 2 + A = rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n))*1j + if np.issubdtype(dtype, np.floating): + A = A.real + A = A.astype(dtype) + A[np.triu_indices(n, ku + 1)] = 0 + A[np.tril_indices(n, -kl - 1)] = 0 + ab = _to_banded(kl, ku, A) + + langb, lange = get_lapack_funcs(('langb', 'lange'), (A,)) + ref = lange(norm, A) + res = langb(norm, kl, ku, ab) + assert_allclose(res, ref, rtol=2e-6) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', REAL_DTYPES) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('compute_v', (0, 1)) +def test_stevd(dtype, compute_v): + rng = np.random.default_rng(266474747488348746) + n = 10 + d = rng.random(n, dtype=dtype) + e = rng.random(n - 1, dtype=dtype) + A = np.diag(e, -1) + np.diag(d) + np.diag(e, 1) + ref = np.linalg.eigvalsh(A) + + stevd = get_lapack_funcs('stevd') + U, V, info = stevd(d, e, compute_v=compute_v) + assert info == 0 + assert_allclose(np.sort(U), np.sort(ref)) + if compute_v: + eps = np.finfo(dtype).eps + assert_allclose(V @ np.diag(U) @ V.T, A, atol=eps**0.8) + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matfuncs.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matfuncs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..de1ccb75819b623ff3ff364a4736ea86c5df930d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matfuncs.py @@ -0,0 +1,1121 @@ +# +# Created by: Pearu Peterson, March 2002 +# +""" Test functions for linalg.matfuncs module + +""" +import functools +import pytest +import warnings + +import numpy as np +from numpy import array, identity, sqrt +from numpy.testing import (assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose, assert_, + assert_array_less, assert_array_equal) + +import scipy.linalg +from scipy.linalg import (funm, signm, logm, sqrtm, fractional_matrix_power, + expm, expm_frechet, expm_cond, norm, khatri_rao, + cosm, sinm, tanm, coshm, sinhm, tanhm) + +from scipy.linalg import _matfuncs_inv_ssq +from scipy.linalg._matfuncs import pick_pade_structure +from scipy.linalg._matfuncs_inv_ssq import LogmExactlySingularWarning +import scipy.linalg._expm_frechet +from scipy.linalg import LinAlgWarning +from scipy.optimize import minimize + + +def _get_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1(): + """ + Return the test matrix from Experiment (1) of [1]_. + + References + ---------- + .. [1] Awad H. Al-Mohy and Nicholas J. Higham (2012) + "Improved Inverse Scaling and Squaring Algorithms + for the Matrix Logarithm." + SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, 34 (4). C152-C169. + ISSN 1095-7197 + + """ + A = np.array([ + [3.2346e-1, 3e4, 3e4, 3e4], + [0, 3.0089e-1, 3e4, 3e4], + [0, 0, 3.2210e-1, 3e4], + [0, 0, 0, 3.0744e-1]], dtype=float) + return A + + +class TestSignM: + + def test_nils(self): + a = array([[29.2, -24.2, 69.5, 49.8, 7.], + [-9.2, 5.2, -18., -16.8, -2.], + [-10., 6., -20., -18., -2.], + [-9.6, 9.6, -25.5, -15.4, -2.], + [9.8, -4.8, 18., 18.2, 2.]]) + cr = array([[11.94933333,-2.24533333,15.31733333,21.65333333,-2.24533333], + [-3.84266667,0.49866667,-4.59066667,-7.18666667,0.49866667], + [-4.08,0.56,-4.92,-7.6,0.56], + [-4.03466667,1.04266667,-5.59866667,-7.02666667,1.04266667], + [4.15733333,-0.50133333,4.90933333,7.81333333,-0.50133333]]) + r = signm(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(r,cr) + + def test_defective1(self): + a = array([[0.0,1,0,0],[1,0,1,0],[0,0,0,1],[0,0,1,0]]) + signm(a) + #XXX: what would be the correct result? + + def test_defective2(self): + a = array(( + [29.2,-24.2,69.5,49.8,7.0], + [-9.2,5.2,-18.0,-16.8,-2.0], + [-10.0,6.0,-20.0,-18.0,-2.0], + [-9.6,9.6,-25.5,-15.4,-2.0], + [9.8,-4.8,18.0,18.2,2.0])) + signm(a) + #XXX: what would be the correct result? + + def test_defective3(self): + a = array([[-2., 25., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., -3., 10., 3., 3., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 2., 15., 3., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 15., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 3., 10., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., -2., 25.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., -3.]]) + signm(a) + #XXX: what would be the correct result? + + +class TestLogM: + @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:.*inaccurate.*:RuntimeWarning") + def test_nils(self): + a = array([[-2., 25., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.], + [0., -3., 10., 3., 3., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 2., 15., 3., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 15., 3., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 3., 10., 0.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., -2., 25.], + [0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., -3.]]) + m = (identity(7)*3.1+0j)-a + logm(m) + #XXX: what would be the correct result? + + @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore:.*inaccurate.*:RuntimeWarning") + def test_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1_logm(self): + # The logm completes the round trip successfully. + # Note that the expm leg of the round trip is badly conditioned. + A = _get_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1() + A_logm = logm(A) + A_round_trip = expm(A_logm) + assert_allclose(A_round_trip, A, rtol=5e-5, atol=1e-14) + + def test_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1_funm_log(self): + # The raw funm with np.log does not complete the round trip. + # Note that the expm leg of the round trip is badly conditioned. + A = _get_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1() + A_funm_log = funm(A, np.log) + A_round_trip = expm(A_funm_log) + assert_(not np.allclose(A_round_trip, A, rtol=1e-5, atol=1e-14)) + + def test_round_trip_random_float(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738098768840254) + for n in range(1, 6): + M_unscaled = rng.uniform(size=(n, n)) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + + # Eigenvalues are related to the branch cut. + W = np.linalg.eigvals(M) + err_msg = f'M:{M} eivals:{W}' + + # Check sqrtm round trip because it is used within logm. + M_sqrtm = sqrtm(M) + M_sqrtm_round_trip = M_sqrtm @ M_sqrtm + assert_allclose(M_sqrtm_round_trip, M) + + # Check logm round trip. + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", RuntimeWarning) + + M_logm = logm(M) + M_logm_round_trip = expm(M_logm) + assert_allclose(M_logm_round_trip, M, err_msg=err_msg) + + def test_round_trip_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738098768840254) + for n in range(1, 6): + M_unscaled = (rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + + 1j*rng.standard_normal((n, n))) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + M_logm = logm(M) + M_round_trip = expm(M_logm) + assert_allclose(M_round_trip, M) + + def test_logm_type_preservation_and_conversion(self): + # The logm matrix function should preserve the type of a matrix + # whose eigenvalues are positive with zero imaginary part. + # Test this preservation for variously structured matrices. + complex_dtype_chars = ('F', 'D', 'G') + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [[1, 0], [1, 1]], + [[2, 1], [1, 1]], + [[2, 3], [1, 2]]): + + # check that the spectrum has the expected properties + W = scipy.linalg.eigvals(matrix_as_list) + assert_(not any(w.imag or w.real < 0 for w in W)) + + # check float type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_logm = logm(A) + assert_(A_logm.dtype.char not in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check complex type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=complex) + A_logm = logm(A) + assert_(A_logm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check float->complex type conversion for the matrix negation + A = -np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_logm = logm(A) + assert_(A_logm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + def test_complex_spectrum_real_logm(self): + # This matrix has complex eigenvalues and real logm. + # Its output dtype depends on its input dtype. + M = [[1, 1, 2], [2, 1, 1], [1, 2, 1]] + for dt in float, complex: + X = np.array(M, dtype=dt) + w = scipy.linalg.eigvals(X) + assert_(1e-2 < np.absolute(w.imag).sum()) + Y = logm(X) + assert_(np.issubdtype(Y.dtype, np.inexact)) + assert_allclose(expm(Y), X) + + def test_real_mixed_sign_spectrum(self): + # These matrices have real eigenvalues with mixed signs. + # The output logm dtype is complex, regardless of input dtype. + for M in ( + [[1, 0], [0, -1]], + [[0, 1], [1, 0]]): + for dt in float, complex: + A = np.array(M, dtype=dt) + A_logm, info = logm(A) + assert_(np.issubdtype(A_logm.dtype, np.complexfloating)) + + def test_exactly_singular(self): + A = np.array([[0, 0], [1j, 1j]]) + B = np.asarray([[1, 1], [0, 0]]) + for M in A, A.T, B, B.T: + with pytest.warns(_matfuncs_inv_ssq.LogmExactlySingularWarning): + L = logm(M) + E = expm(L) + assert_allclose(E, M, atol=1e-14) + + def test_nearly_singular(self): + M = np.array([[1e-100]]) + with pytest.warns(_matfuncs_inv_ssq.LogmNearlySingularWarning): + L = logm(M) + E = expm(L) + assert_allclose(E, M, atol=1e-14) + + def test_opposite_sign_complex_eigenvalues(self): + # See gh-6113 + E = [[0, 1], [-1, 0]] + L = [[0, np.pi*0.5], [-np.pi*0.5, 0]] + assert_allclose(expm(L), E, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(logm(E), L, atol=1e-14) + E = [[1j, 4], [0, -1j]] + L = [[1j*np.pi*0.5, 2*np.pi], [0, -1j*np.pi*0.5]] + assert_allclose(expm(L), E, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(logm(E), L, atol=1e-14) + E = [[1j, 0], [0, -1j]] + L = [[1j*np.pi*0.5, 0], [0, -1j*np.pi*0.5]] + assert_allclose(expm(L), E, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(logm(E), L, atol=1e-14) + + def test_readonly(self): + n = 5 + a = np.ones((n, n)) + np.identity(n) + a.flags.writeable = False + logm(a) + + @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="ValueError: attempt to get argmax of an empty sequence") + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + log_a = logm(a) + a0 = np.eye(2, dtype=dt) + log_a0 = logm(a0) + + assert log_a.shape == (0, 0) + assert log_a.dtype == log_a0.dtype + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dtype', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_no_ZeroDivisionError(self, dtype): + # gh-17136 reported inconsistent behavior in `logm` depending on input dtype: + # sometimes it raised an error, and sometimes it printed a warning message. + # check that this is resolved and that the warning is emitted properly. + with (pytest.warns(RuntimeWarning, match="logm result may be inaccurate"), + pytest.warns(LogmExactlySingularWarning)): + logm(np.zeros((2, 2), dtype=dtype)) + + +class TestSqrtM: + + def test_round_trip_random_float(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738151906092735) + for n in range(1, 6): + M_unscaled = rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + M_sqrtm = sqrtm(M) + M_sqrtm_round_trip = M_sqrtm.dot(M_sqrtm) + assert_allclose(M_sqrtm_round_trip, M) + + def test_round_trip_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738151906092736) + for n in range(1, 6): + M_unscaled = (rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + + 1j * rng.standard_normal((n, n))) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + M_sqrtm = sqrtm(M) + M_sqrtm_round_trip = M_sqrtm.dot(M_sqrtm) + assert_allclose(M_sqrtm_round_trip, M) + + def test_bad(self): + # See https://web.archive.org/web/20051220232650/http://www.maths.man.ac.uk/~nareports/narep336.ps.gz + e = 2**-5 + se = sqrt(e) + a = array([[1.0,0,0,1], + [0,e,0,0], + [0,0,e,0], + [0,0,0,1]]) + sa = array([[1,0,0,0.5], + [0,se,0,0], + [0,0,se,0], + [0,0,0,1]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(sa @ sa, a) + # Check default sqrtm. + esa = sqrtm(a) + assert_array_almost_equal(esa @ esa, a) + + def test_sqrtm_type_preservation_and_conversion(self): + # The sqrtm matrix function should preserve the type of a matrix + # whose eigenvalues are nonnegative with zero imaginary part. + # Test this preservation for variously structured matrices. + complex_dtype_chars = ('F', 'D', 'G') + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [[1, 0], [1, 1]], + [[2, 1], [1, 1]], + [[2, 3], [1, 2]], + [[1, 1], [1, 1]]): + + # check that the spectrum has the expected properties + W = scipy.linalg.eigvals(matrix_as_list) + assert_(not any(w.imag or w.real < 0 for w in W)) + + # Last test matrix is singular so suppress the warning + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", LinAlgWarning) + + # check float type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_(A_sqrtm.dtype.char not in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check complex type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=complex) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_(A_sqrtm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check float->complex type conversion for the matrix negation + A = -np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_(A_sqrtm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + def test_sqrtm_type_conversion_mixed_sign_or_complex_spectrum(self): + complex_dtype_chars = ('F', 'D', 'G') + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[1, 0], [0, -1]], + [[0, 1], [1, 0]], + [[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, -1], [1, 0, 0]]): + + # check that the spectrum has the expected properties + W = scipy.linalg.eigvals(matrix_as_list) + assert_(any(w.imag or w.real < 0 for w in W)) + + # check complex->complex + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=complex) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_(A_sqrtm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check float->complex + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_(A_sqrtm.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + def test_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1(self): + # Matrix square root of a tricky upper triangular matrix. + A = _get_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1() + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + A_round_trip = A_sqrtm @ A_sqrtm + assert_allclose(A_round_trip, A, rtol=1e-5) + assert_allclose(np.tril(A_round_trip), np.tril(A)) + + def test_strict_upper_triangular(self): + # This matrix has no square root but upper triangular hence upper + # triangle will be filled with junk values. + for dt in int, float: + A = np.array([ + [0, 3, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 3, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 3], + [0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=dt) + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", LinAlgWarning) + + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + assert_allclose(np.tril(A_sqrtm), np.zeros((4, 4))) + assert np.isnan(A_sqrtm).any() + assert np.isinf(A_sqrtm).any() + + # Future edit: This squareroot is not possible to find algorithmically + # with the current methods. Now sqrtm docstring has another example of + # such matrix whose squareroot is not a polynomial in it. Hence no need + # to test it here. + """ + def test_weird_matrix(self): + # The square root of matrix B exists. + for dt in int, float: + A = np.array([ + [0, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0]], dtype=dt) + B = np.array([ + [0, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0]], dtype=dt) + assert_array_equal(B, A @ A) + + # But scipy sqrtm is not clever enough to find it. + B_sqrtm, info = sqrtm(B, disp=False) + assert_(np.isnan(B_sqrtm).all()) + """ + + def test_opposite_sign_complex_eigenvalues(self): + M = [[2j, 4], [0, -2j]] + R = [[1+1j, 2], [0, 1-1j]] + assert_allclose(np.dot(R, R), M, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(sqrtm(M), R, atol=1e-14) + + def test_gh4866(self): + M = np.array([[1, 0, 0, 1], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 0, 1]]) + R = np.array([[sqrt(0.5), 0, 0, sqrt(0.5)], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [sqrt(0.5), 0, 0, sqrt(0.5)]]) + assert_allclose(R @ R, M, atol=1e-14) + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", LinAlgWarning) + + assert_allclose(sqrtm(M), R, atol=1e-14) + + def test_gh5336(self): + M = np.diag([2, 1, 0]) + R = np.diag([sqrt(2), 1, 0]) + assert_allclose(R @ R, M, atol=1e-14) + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=LinAlgWarning) + assert_allclose(sqrtm(M), R, atol=1e-14) + + def test_gh7839(self): + M = np.zeros((2, 2)) + R = np.zeros((2, 2)) + # Catch and silence LinAlgWarning + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=LinAlgWarning) + + assert_allclose(sqrtm(M), R, atol=1e-14) + + def test_gh17918(self): + M = np.empty((19, 19)) + M.fill(0.94) + np.fill_diagonal(M, 1) + assert np.isrealobj(sqrtm(M)) + + def test_gh23278(self): + M = np.array([[1., 0., 0.], [0, 1, -1j], [0, 1j, 2]]) + sq = sqrtm(M) + assert_allclose(sq @ sq, M, atol=1e-14) + sq = sqrtm(M.astype(np.complex64)) + assert_allclose(sq @ sq, M, atol=1e-6) + + def test_data_size_preservation_uint_in_float_out(self): + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.uint8) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.uint16) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.uint32) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.uint64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + + def test_data_size_preservation_int_in_float_out(self): + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.int8) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.int16) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.int32) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.int64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + + def test_data_size_preservation_int_in_comp_out(self): + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.int8) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.int16) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.int32) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.int64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + + def test_data_size_preservation_float_in_float_out(self): + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.float16) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float32 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.float32) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float32 + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.float64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + if hasattr(np, 'float128'): + M = np.eye(10, dtype=np.float128) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.float64 + + def test_data_size_preservation_float_in_comp_out(self): + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.float16) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex64 + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.float32) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex64 + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.float64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + if hasattr(np, 'float128') and hasattr(np, 'complex256'): + M = np.array([[2, 4], [0, -2]], dtype=np.float128) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + + def test_data_size_preservation_comp_in_comp_out(self): + M = np.array([[2j, 4], [0, -2j]], dtype=np.complex64) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex64 + M = np.array([[2j, 4], [0, -2j]], dtype=np.complex128) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + if hasattr(np, 'complex256'): + M = np.array([[2j, 4], [0, -2j]], dtype=np.complex256) + assert sqrtm(M).dtype == np.complex128 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + def test_empty(self, dt): + a = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt) + s = sqrtm(a) + a0 = np.eye(2, dtype=dt) + s0 = sqrtm(a0) + + assert s.shape == (0, 0) + assert s.dtype == s0.dtype + + def test_cf_noncontig_nd_inputs(self): + # Check that non-contiguous arrays are handled correctly. + # Generate an L, U pair for invertible random matrix. + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738151906092737) + n = 13 + A = rng.uniform(size=(3, 2*n, 2*n)) + L, U = np.tril(A, k=-1) + np.eye(2*n), np.triu(A) + A = L @ U + # Create strided views of 3D array. + A_noncontig_c = A[:, ::2, ::2] + A_noncontig_f = np.asfortranarray(A)[:, 1::2, 1::2] + assert_allclose(sqrtm(A[:, ::2, ::2]), sqrtm(A_noncontig_c)) + assert_allclose(sqrtm(A[:, 1::2, 1::2]), sqrtm(A_noncontig_f)) + + def test_empty_sizes(self): + A = np.empty(shape=[4, 0, 5, 5], dtype=float) + assert_array_equal(sqrtm(A), A) + + def test_negative_strides(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1738151906092738) + A = rng.uniform(size=(3, 5, 5)) + A_negneg_orig = A[:, ::-1, ::-1] + A_negneg_copy = A[:, ::-1, ::-1].copy() + assert_allclose(sqrtm(A_negneg_orig), sqrtm(A_negneg_copy)) + + A_posneg_orig = A[:, :, ::-1] + A_posneg_copy = A[:, :, ::-1].copy() + assert_allclose(sqrtm(A_posneg_orig), sqrtm(A_posneg_copy)) + + A_negpos_orig = A[:, ::-1, :] + A_negpos_copy = A[:, ::-1, :].copy() + assert_allclose(sqrtm(A_negpos_orig), sqrtm(A_negpos_copy)) + + +class TestFractionalMatrixPower: + def test_round_trip_random_complex(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for p in range(1, 5): + for n in range(1, 5): + M_unscaled = (rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + + 1j * rng.standard_normal((n, n))) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + M_root = fractional_matrix_power(M, 1/p) + M_round_trip = np.linalg.matrix_power(M_root, p) + assert_allclose(M_round_trip, M) + + def test_round_trip_random_float(self): + # This test is more annoying because it can hit the branch cut; + # this happens when the matrix has an eigenvalue + # with no imaginary component and with a real negative component, + # and it means that the principal branch does not exist. + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for p in range(1, 5): + for n in range(1, 5): + M_unscaled = rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + for scale in np.logspace(-4, 4, 9): + M = M_unscaled * scale + M_root = fractional_matrix_power(M, 1/p) + M_round_trip = np.linalg.matrix_power(M_root, p) + assert_allclose(M_round_trip, M) + + def test_larger_abs_fractional_matrix_powers(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for n in (2, 3, 5): + for i in range(10): + M = rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + 1j * rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + M_one_fifth = fractional_matrix_power(M, 0.2) + # Test the round trip. + M_round_trip = np.linalg.matrix_power(M_one_fifth, 5) + assert_allclose(M, M_round_trip) + # Test a large abs fractional power. + X = fractional_matrix_power(M, -5.4) + Y = np.linalg.matrix_power(M_one_fifth, -27) + assert_allclose(X, Y) + # Test another large abs fractional power. + X = fractional_matrix_power(M, 3.8) + Y = np.linalg.matrix_power(M_one_fifth, 19) + assert_allclose(X, Y) + + def test_random_matrices_and_powers(self): + # Each independent iteration of this fuzz test picks random parameters. + # It tries to hit some edge cases. + rng = np.random.default_rng(1726500458620605) + nsamples = 20 + for i in range(nsamples): + # Sample a matrix size and a random real power. + n = rng.integers(1, 5) + p = rng.random() + + # Sample a random real or complex matrix. + matrix_scale = np.exp(rng.integers(-4, 5)) + A = rng.random(size=[n, n]) + if [True, False][rng.choice(2)]: + A = A + 1j * rng.random(size=[n, n]) + A = A * matrix_scale + + # Check a couple of analytically equivalent ways + # to compute the fractional matrix power. + # These can be compared because they both use the principal branch. + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + A_logm = logm(A) + A_power_expm_logm = expm(A_logm * p) + assert_allclose(A_power, A_power_expm_logm) + + def test_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1(self): + # Fractional powers of a tricky upper triangular matrix. + A = _get_al_mohy_higham_2012_experiment_1() + + # Test remainder matrix power. + A_funm_sqrt = funm(A, np.sqrt) + A_sqrtm = sqrtm(A) + A_rem_power = _matfuncs_inv_ssq._remainder_matrix_power(A, 0.5) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, 0.5) + assert_allclose(A_rem_power, A_power, rtol=1e-11) + assert_allclose(A_sqrtm, A_power) + assert_allclose(A_sqrtm, A_funm_sqrt) + + # Test more fractional powers. + for p in (1/2, 5/3): + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + A_round_trip = fractional_matrix_power(A_power, 1/p) + assert_allclose(A_round_trip, A, rtol=1e-2) + assert_allclose(np.tril(A_round_trip, 1), np.tril(A, 1)) + + def test_briggs_helper_function(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for a in rng.standard_normal(10) + 1j * rng.standard_normal(10): + for k in range(5): + x_observed = _matfuncs_inv_ssq._briggs_helper_function(a, k) + x_expected = a ** np.exp2(-k) - 1 + assert_allclose(x_observed, x_expected) + + def test_type_preservation_and_conversion(self): + # The fractional_matrix_power matrix function should preserve + # the type of a matrix whose eigenvalues + # are positive with zero imaginary part. + # Test this preservation for variously structured matrices. + complex_dtype_chars = ('F', 'D', 'G') + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[1, 0], [0, 1]], + [[1, 0], [1, 1]], + [[2, 1], [1, 1]], + [[2, 3], [1, 2]]): + + # check that the spectrum has the expected properties + W = scipy.linalg.eigvals(matrix_as_list) + assert_(not any(w.imag or w.real < 0 for w in W)) + + # Check various positive and negative powers + # with absolute values bigger and smaller than 1. + for p in (-2.4, -0.9, 0.2, 3.3): + + # check float type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(A_power.dtype.char not in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check complex type preservation + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=complex) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(A_power.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check float->complex for the matrix negation + A = -np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(A_power.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + def test_type_conversion_mixed_sign_or_complex_spectrum(self): + complex_dtype_chars = ('F', 'D', 'G') + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[1, 0], [0, -1]], + [[0, 1], [1, 0]], + [[0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0]]): + + # check that the spectrum has the expected properties + W = scipy.linalg.eigvals(matrix_as_list) + assert_(any(w.imag or w.real < 0 for w in W)) + + # Check various positive and negative powers + # with absolute values bigger and smaller than 1. + for p in (-2.4, -0.9, 0.2, 3.3): + + # check complex->complex + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=complex) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(A_power.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + # check float->complex + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=float) + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(A_power.dtype.char in complex_dtype_chars) + + @pytest.mark.xfail(reason='Too unstable across LAPACKs.') + def test_singular(self): + # Negative fractional powers do not work with singular matrices. + for matrix_as_list in ( + [[0, 0], [0, 0]], + [[1, 1], [1, 1]], + [[1, 2], [3, 6]], + [[0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 1], [0, -1, 1]]): + + # Check fractional powers both for float and for complex types. + for newtype in (float, complex): + A = np.array(matrix_as_list, dtype=newtype) + for p in (-0.7, -0.9, -2.4, -1.3): + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + assert_(np.isnan(A_power).all()) + for p in (0.2, 1.43): + A_power = fractional_matrix_power(A, p) + A_round_trip = fractional_matrix_power(A_power, 1/p) + assert_allclose(A_round_trip, A) + + def test_opposite_sign_complex_eigenvalues(self): + M = [[2j, 4], [0, -2j]] + R = [[1+1j, 2], [0, 1-1j]] + assert_allclose(np.dot(R, R), M, atol=1e-14) + assert_allclose(fractional_matrix_power(M, 0.5), R, atol=1e-14) + + +class TestExpM: + def test_zero(self): + a = array([[0.,0],[0,0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(expm(a),[[1,0],[0,1]]) + + def test_single_elt(self): + elt = expm(1) + assert_allclose(elt, np.array([[np.e]])) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('func', [expm, cosm, sinm, tanm, coshm, sinhm, tanhm]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('dt',[int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(0, 0), (1, 1)]) + def test_small_empty_matrix_input(self, func, dt, shape): + # regression test for gh-11082 / gh-20372 - test behavior of expm + # and related functions for small and zero-sized arrays. + A = np.zeros(shape, dtype=dt) + A0 = np.zeros((10, 10), dtype=dt) + result = func(A) + result0 = func(A0) + assert result.shape == shape + assert result.dtype == result0.dtype + + def test_2x2_input(self): + E = np.e + a = array([[1, 4], [1, 1]]) + aa = (E**4 + 1)/(2*E) + bb = (E**4 - 1)/E + assert_allclose(expm(a), array([[aa, bb], [bb/4, aa]])) + assert expm(a.astype(np.complex64)).dtype.char == 'F' + assert expm(a.astype(np.float32)).dtype.char == 'f' + + def test_nx2x2_input(self): + E = np.e + # These are integer matrices with integer eigenvalues + a = np.array([[[1, 4], [1, 1]], + [[1, 3], [1, -1]], + [[1, 3], [4, 5]], + [[1, 3], [5, 3]], + [[4, 5], [-3, -4]]], order='F') + # Exact results are computed symbolically + a_res = np.array([ + [[(E**4+1)/(2*E), (E**4-1)/E], + [(E**4-1)/4/E, (E**4+1)/(2*E)]], + [[1/(4*E**2)+(3*E**2)/4, (3*E**2)/4-3/(4*E**2)], + [E**2/4-1/(4*E**2), 3/(4*E**2)+E**2/4]], + [[3/(4*E)+E**7/4, -3/(8*E)+(3*E**7)/8], + [-1/(2*E)+E**7/2, 1/(4*E)+(3*E**7)/4]], + [[5/(8*E**2)+(3*E**6)/8, -3/(8*E**2)+(3*E**6)/8], + [-5/(8*E**2)+(5*E**6)/8, 3/(8*E**2)+(5*E**6)/8]], + [[-3/(2*E)+(5*E)/2, -5/(2*E)+(5*E)/2], + [3/(2*E)-(3*E)/2, 5/(2*E)-(3*E)/2]] + ]) + assert_allclose(expm(a), a_res) + + def test_readonly(self): + n = 7 + a = np.ones((n, n)) + a.flags.writeable = False + expm(a) + + @pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) + def test_gh18086(self): + A = np.zeros((400, 400), dtype=float) + rng = np.random.default_rng(100) + i = rng.integers(0, 399, 500) + j = rng.integers(0, 399, 500) + A[i, j] = rng.random(500) + # Problem appears when m = 9 + Am = np.empty((5, 400, 400), dtype=float) + Am[0] = A.copy() + m, s = pick_pade_structure(Am) + assert m == 9 + # Check that result is accurate + first_res = expm(A) + np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(logm(first_res), A) + # Check that result is consistent + for i in range(5): + next_res = expm(A) + np.testing.assert_array_almost_equal(first_res, next_res) + + +class TestExpmFrechet: + + def test_expm_frechet(self): + # a test of the basic functionality + M = np.array([ + [1, 2, 3, 4], + [5, 6, 7, 8], + [0, 0, 1, 2], + [0, 0, 5, 6], + ], dtype=float) + A = np.array([ + [1, 2], + [5, 6], + ], dtype=float) + E = np.array([ + [3, 4], + [7, 8], + ], dtype=float) + expected_expm = scipy.linalg.expm(A) + expected_frechet = scipy.linalg.expm(M)[:2, 2:] + for kwargs in ({}, {'method':'SPS'}, {'method':'blockEnlarge'}): + observed_expm, observed_frechet = expm_frechet(A, E, **kwargs) + assert_allclose(expected_expm, observed_expm) + assert_allclose(expected_frechet, observed_frechet) + + def test_small_norm_expm_frechet(self): + # methodically test matrices with a range of norms, for better coverage + M_original = np.array([ + [1, 2, 3, 4], + [5, 6, 7, 8], + [0, 0, 1, 2], + [0, 0, 5, 6], + ], dtype=float) + A_original = np.array([ + [1, 2], + [5, 6], + ], dtype=float) + E_original = np.array([ + [3, 4], + [7, 8], + ], dtype=float) + A_original_norm_1 = scipy.linalg.norm(A_original, 1) + selected_m_list = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15] + m_neighbor_pairs = zip(selected_m_list[:-1], selected_m_list[1:]) + for ma, mb in m_neighbor_pairs: + ell_a = scipy.linalg._expm_frechet.ell_table_61[ma] + ell_b = scipy.linalg._expm_frechet.ell_table_61[mb] + target_norm_1 = 0.5 * (ell_a + ell_b) + scale = target_norm_1 / A_original_norm_1 + M = scale * M_original + A = scale * A_original + E = scale * E_original + expected_expm = scipy.linalg.expm(A) + expected_frechet = scipy.linalg.expm(M)[:2, 2:] + observed_expm, observed_frechet = expm_frechet(A, E) + assert_allclose(expected_expm, observed_expm) + assert_allclose(expected_frechet, observed_frechet) + + def test_fuzz(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1726500908359153) + # try a bunch of crazy inputs + rfuncs = ( + rng.uniform, + rng.normal, + rng.standard_cauchy, + rng.exponential) + ntests = 100 + for i in range(ntests): + rfunc = rfuncs[rng.choice(4)] + target_norm_1 = rng.exponential() + n = rng.integers(2, 16) + A_original = rfunc(size=(n,n)) + E_original = rfunc(size=(n,n)) + A_original_norm_1 = scipy.linalg.norm(A_original, 1) + scale = target_norm_1 / A_original_norm_1 + A = scale * A_original + E = scale * E_original + M = np.vstack([ + np.hstack([A, E]), + np.hstack([np.zeros_like(A), A])]) + expected_expm = scipy.linalg.expm(A) + expected_frechet = scipy.linalg.expm(M)[:n, n:] + observed_expm, observed_frechet = expm_frechet(A, E) + assert_allclose(expected_expm, observed_expm, atol=5e-8) + assert_allclose(expected_frechet, observed_frechet, atol=1e-7) + + def test_problematic_matrix(self): + # this test case uncovered a bug which has since been fixed + A = np.array([ + [1.50591997, 1.93537998], + [0.41203263, 0.23443516], + ], dtype=float) + E = np.array([ + [1.87864034, 2.07055038], + [1.34102727, 0.67341123], + ], dtype=float) + scipy.linalg.norm(A, 1) + sps_expm, sps_frechet = expm_frechet( + A, E, method='SPS') + blockEnlarge_expm, blockEnlarge_frechet = expm_frechet( + A, E, method='blockEnlarge') + assert_allclose(sps_expm, blockEnlarge_expm) + assert_allclose(sps_frechet, blockEnlarge_frechet) + + @pytest.mark.slow + @pytest.mark.skip(reason='this test is deliberately slow') + def test_medium_matrix(self): + # profile this to see the speed difference + n = 1000 + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + A = rng.exponential(size=(n, n)) + E = rng.exponential(size=(n, n)) + sps_expm, sps_frechet = expm_frechet( + A, E, method='SPS') + blockEnlarge_expm, blockEnlarge_frechet = expm_frechet( + A, E, method='blockEnlarge') + assert_allclose(sps_expm, blockEnlarge_expm) + assert_allclose(sps_frechet, blockEnlarge_frechet) + + +def _help_expm_cond_search(A, A_norm, X, X_norm, eps, p): + p = np.reshape(p, A.shape) + p_norm = norm(p) + perturbation = eps * p * (A_norm / p_norm) + X_prime = expm(A + perturbation) + scaled_relative_error = norm(X_prime - X) / (X_norm * eps) + return -scaled_relative_error + + +def _normalized_like(A, B): + return A * (scipy.linalg.norm(B) / scipy.linalg.norm(A)) + + +def _relative_error(f, A, perturbation): + X = f(A) + X_prime = f(A + perturbation) + return norm(X_prime - X) / norm(X) + + +class TestExpmConditionNumber: + def test_expm_cond_smoke(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for n in range(1, 4): + A = rng.standard_normal((n, n)) + kappa = expm_cond(A) + assert_array_less(0, kappa) + + def test_expm_bad_condition_number(self): + A = np.array([ + [-1.128679820, 9.614183771e4, -4.524855739e9, 2.924969411e14], + [0, -1.201010529, 9.634696872e4, -4.681048289e9], + [0, 0, -1.132893222, 9.532491830e4], + [0, 0, 0, -1.179475332], + ]) + kappa = expm_cond(A) + assert_array_less(1e36, kappa) + + def test_univariate(self): + rng = np.random.default_rng(1234) + for x in np.linspace(-5, 5, num=11): + A = np.array([[x]]) + assert_allclose(expm_cond(A), abs(x)) + for x in np.logspace(-2, 2, num=11): + A = np.array([[x]]) + assert_allclose(expm_cond(A), abs(x)) + for i in range(10): + A = rng.standard_normal((1, 1)) + assert_allclose(expm_cond(A), np.absolute(A)[0, 0]) + + @pytest.mark.slow + def test_expm_cond_fuzz(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(12345) + eps = 1e-5 + nsamples = 10 + for i in range(nsamples): + n = rng.randint(2, 5) + A = rng.randn(n, n) + A_norm = scipy.linalg.norm(A) + X = expm(A) + X_norm = scipy.linalg.norm(X) + kappa = expm_cond(A) + + # Look for the small perturbation that gives the greatest + # relative error. + f = functools.partial(_help_expm_cond_search, + A, A_norm, X, X_norm, eps) + guess = np.ones(n*n) + out = minimize(f, guess, method='L-BFGS-B') + xopt = out.x + yopt = f(xopt) + p_best = eps * _normalized_like(np.reshape(xopt, A.shape), A) + p_best_relerr = _relative_error(expm, A, p_best) + assert_allclose(p_best_relerr, -yopt * eps) + + # Check that the identified perturbation indeed gives greater + # relative error than random perturbations with similar norms. + for j in range(5): + p_rand = eps * _normalized_like(rng.randn(*A.shape), A) + assert_allclose(norm(p_best), norm(p_rand)) + p_rand_relerr = _relative_error(expm, A, p_rand) + assert_array_less(p_rand_relerr, p_best_relerr) + + # The greatest relative error should not be much greater than + # eps times the condition number kappa. + # In the limit as eps approaches zero it should never be greater. + assert_array_less(p_best_relerr, (1 + 2*eps) * eps * kappa) + + +class TestKhatriRao: + + def test_basic(self): + a = khatri_rao(array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]), + array([[5, 6], [7, 8]])) + + assert_array_equal(a, array([[5, 12], + [7, 16], + [15, 24], + [21, 32]])) + + b = khatri_rao(np.empty([2, 2]), np.empty([2, 2])) + assert_array_equal(b.shape, (4, 2)) + + def test_number_of_columns_equality(self): + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + a = array([[1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6]]) + b = array([[1, 2], + [3, 4]]) + khatri_rao(a, b) + + def test_to_assure_2d_array(self): + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + # both arrays are 1-D + a = array([1, 2, 3]) + b = array([4, 5, 6]) + khatri_rao(a, b) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + # first array is 1-D + a = array([1, 2, 3]) + b = array([ + [1, 2, 3], + [4, 5, 6] + ]) + khatri_rao(a, b) + + with pytest.raises(ValueError): + # second array is 1-D + a = array([ + [1, 2, 3], + [7, 8, 9] + ]) + b = array([4, 5, 6]) + khatri_rao(a, b) + + def test_equality_of_two_equations(self): + a = array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) + b = array([[5, 6], [7, 8]]) + + res1 = khatri_rao(a, b) + res2 = np.vstack([np.kron(a[:, k], b[:, k]) + for k in range(b.shape[1])]).T + + assert_array_equal(res1, res2) + + def test_empty(self): + a = np.empty((0, 2)) + b = np.empty((3, 2)) + res = khatri_rao(a, b) + assert_allclose(res, np.empty((0, 2))) + + a = np.empty((3, 0)) + b = np.empty((5, 0)) + res = khatri_rao(a, b) + assert_allclose(res, np.empty((15, 0))) + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('func', + [logm, sqrtm, signm]) +def test_disp_dep(func): + with pytest.deprecated_call(): + func(np.eye(2), disp=False) + +def test_blocksize_dep(): + with pytest.deprecated_call(): + sqrtm(np.eye(2), blocksize=10) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matmul_toeplitz.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matmul_toeplitz.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..22f8f94fd10a5404d4013adf995bba54f76ff803 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_matmul_toeplitz.py @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +"""Test functions for linalg.matmul_toeplitz function +""" + +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg import toeplitz, matmul_toeplitz + +from pytest import raises as assert_raises +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose + + +class TestMatmulToeplitz: + + def setup_method(self): + self.rng = np.random.RandomState(42) + self.tolerance = 1.5e-13 + + def test_real(self): + cases = [] + + n = 1 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + cases.append((x, c, r, False)) + + n = 2 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + cases.append((x, c, r, False)) + + n = 101 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + cases.append((x, c, r, True)) + + n = 1000 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + cases.append((x, c, r, False)) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, self.rng.randint(1, 10))) + cases.append((x, c, r, False)) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + r = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, self.rng.randint(1, 10))) + cases.append((x, c, r, True)) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + r = None + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, self.rng.randint(1, 10))) + cases.append((x, c, r, True, -1)) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + r = None + x = self.rng.normal(size=n) + cases.append((x, c, r, False)) + + n = 101 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n-27) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n-27, 1)) + cases.append((x, c, r, True)) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n//4) + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n//4, self.rng.randint(1, 10))) + cases.append((x, c, r, True)) + + [self.do(*i) for i in cases] + + def test_complex(self): + n = 127 + c = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1))*1j + r = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1))*1j + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 3)) + self.rng.normal(size=(n, 3))*1j + self.do(x, c, r, False) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1)) + self.rng.normal(size=(n, 1))*1j + r = self.rng.normal(size=(n//2, 1)) +\ + self.rng.normal(size=(n//2, 1))*1j + x = self.rng.normal(size=(n//2, 3)) +\ + self.rng.normal(size=(n//2, 3))*1j + self.do(x, c, r, False) + + def test_empty(self): + c = [] + r = [] + x = [] + self.do(x, c, r, False) + + x = np.empty((0, 0)) + self.do(x, c, r, False) + + def test_exceptions(self): + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=2*n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=n) + assert_raises(ValueError, matmul_toeplitz, (c, r), x, True) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n) + x = self.rng.normal(size=n-1) + assert_raises(ValueError, matmul_toeplitz, (c, r), x, True) + + n = 100 + c = self.rng.normal(size=n) + r = self.rng.normal(size=n//2) + x = self.rng.normal(size=n//2-1) + assert_raises(ValueError, matmul_toeplitz, (c, r), x, True) + + # For toeplitz matrices, matmul_toeplitz() should be equivalent to @. + def do(self, x, c, r=None, check_finite=False, workers=None): + c = np.ravel(c) + if r is None: + actual = matmul_toeplitz(c, x, check_finite, workers) + else: + r = np.ravel(r) + actual = matmul_toeplitz((c, r), x, check_finite) + desired = toeplitz(c, r) @ x + assert_allclose(actual, desired, + rtol=self.tolerance, atol=self.tolerance) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_procrustes.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_procrustes.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..658cb806d713344f26ac796c28bf1af591627c84 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_procrustes.py @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ +from itertools import product, permutations + +import numpy as np +import pytest +from numpy.testing import assert_allclose +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.linalg import orthogonal_procrustes +from scipy.sparse._sputils import matrix +from scipy._lib._array_api import make_xp_test_case, xp_assert_close +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg + +def _centered(A, xp): + mu = xp.mean(A, axis=0) + return A - mu, mu + +@make_xp_test_case(orthogonal_procrustes) +class TestOrthogonalProcrustes: + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_ndim_too_small(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + A = xp.asarray(rng.randn(3)) + B = xp.asarray(rng.randn(3)) + assert_raises(ValueError, orthogonal_procrustes, A, B) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_shape_mismatch(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + shapes = ((3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 3), (4, 4)) + for a, b in permutations(shapes, 2): + A = xp.asarray(rng.randn(*a)) + B = xp.asarray(rng.randn(*b)) + assert_raises(ValueError, orthogonal_procrustes, A, B) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_checkfinite_exception(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, n = 2, 3 + A_good = rng.randn(m, n) + B_good = rng.randn(m, n) + for bad_value in np.inf, -np.inf, np.nan: + A_bad = A_good.copy() + A_bad[1, 2] = bad_value + B_bad = B_good.copy() + B_bad[1, 2] = bad_value + for A, B in ((A_good, B_bad), (A_bad, B_good), (A_bad, B_bad)): + assert_raises(ValueError, orthogonal_procrustes, xp.asarray(A), + xp.asarray(B)) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_scale_invariance(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + m, n = 4, 3 + for i in range(3): + A_orig = xp.asarray(rng.randn(m, n)) + B_orig = xp.asarray(rng.randn(m, n)) + R_orig, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A_orig, B_orig) + for A_scale in np.square(rng.randn(3)): + for B_scale in np.square(rng.randn(3)): + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A_orig * xp.asarray(A_scale), + B_orig * xp.asarray(B_scale)) + xp_assert_close(R, R_orig) + + @skip_xp_invalid_arg() + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_array_conversion(self): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for m, n in ((6, 4), (4, 4), (4, 6)): + A_arr = rng.randn(m, n) + B_arr = rng.randn(m, n) + As = (A_arr, A_arr.tolist(), matrix(A_arr)) + Bs = (B_arr, B_arr.tolist(), matrix(B_arr)) + R_arr, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A_arr, B_arr) + AR_arr = A_arr.dot(R_arr) + for A, B in product(As, Bs): + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + AR = A_arr.dot(R) + assert_allclose(AR, AR_arr) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes(self, xp): + rng = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for m, n in ((6, 4), (4, 4), (4, 6)): + # Sample a random target matrix. + B = xp.asarray(rng.randn(m, n)) + # Sample a random orthogonal matrix + # by computing eigh of a sampled symmetric matrix. + X = xp.asarray(rng.randn(n, n)) + w, V = xp.linalg.eigh(X.T + X) + xp_assert_close(xp.linalg.inv(V), V.T) + # Compute a matrix with a known orthogonal transformation that gives B. + A = B @ V.T + # Check that an orthogonal transformation from A to B can be recovered. + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + xp_assert_close(xp.linalg.inv(R), R.T) + xp_assert_close(A @ R, B) + # Create a perturbed input matrix. + A_perturbed = A + 1e-2 * xp.asarray(rng.randn(m, n)) + # Check that the orthogonal procrustes function can find an orthogonal + # transformation that is better than the orthogonal transformation + # computed from the original input matrix. + R_prime, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A_perturbed, B) + xp_assert_close(xp.linalg.inv(R_prime), R_prime.T) + # Compute the naive and optimal transformations of the perturbed input. + naive_approx = A_perturbed @ R + optim_approx = A_perturbed @ R_prime + # Compute the Frobenius norm errors of the matrix approximations. + naive_approx_error = xp.linalg.matrix_norm(naive_approx - B, ord='fro') + optim_approx_error = xp.linalg.matrix_norm(optim_approx - B, ord='fro') + # Check that the orthogonal Procrustes approximation is better. + assert xp.all(optim_approx_error < naive_approx_error) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_exact_example(self, xp): + # Check a small application. + # It uses translation, scaling, reflection, and rotation. + # + # | + # a b | + # | + # d c | w + # | + # --------+--- x ----- z --- + # | + # | y + # | + # + A_orig = xp.asarray([[-3, 3], [-2, 3], [-2, 2], [-3, 2]], dtype=xp.float64) + B_orig = xp.asarray([[3, 2], [1, 0], [3, -2], [5, 0]], dtype=xp.float64) + A, A_mu = _centered(A_orig, xp) + B, B_mu = _centered(B_orig, xp) + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + scale = s / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(A)**2 + B_approx = scale * A @ R + B_mu + xp_assert_close(B_approx, B_orig, atol=1e-8) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_stretched_example(self, xp): + # Try again with a target with a stretched y axis. + A_orig = xp.asarray([[-3, 3], [-2, 3], [-2, 2], [-3, 2]], dtype=xp.float64) + B_orig = xp.asarray([[3, 40], [1, 0], [3, -40], [5, 0]], dtype=xp.float64) + A, A_mu = _centered(A_orig, xp) + B, B_mu = _centered(B_orig, xp) + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + scale = s / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(A)**2 + B_approx = scale * A @ R + B_mu + expected = xp.asarray([[3, 21], [-18, 0], [3, -21], [24, 0]], dtype=xp.float64) + xp_assert_close(B_approx, expected, atol=1e-8) + # Check disparity symmetry. + expected_disparity = xp.asarray(0.4501246882793018, dtype=xp.float64)[()] + AB_disparity = (xp.linalg.matrix_norm(B_approx - B_orig) + / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(B))**2 + xp_assert_close(AB_disparity, expected_disparity) + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(B, A) + scale = s / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(B)**2 + A_approx = scale * B @ R + A_mu + BA_disparity = (xp.linalg.matrix_norm(A_approx - A_orig) + / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(A))**2 + xp_assert_close(BA_disparity, expected_disparity) + + def test_orthogonal_procrustes_skbio_example(self, xp): + # This transformation is also exact. + # It uses translation, scaling, and reflection. + # + # | + # | a + # | b + # | c d + # --+--------- + # | + # | w + # | + # | x + # | + # | z y + # | + # + A_orig = xp.asarray([[4, -2], [4, -4], [4, -6], [2, -6]], dtype=xp.float64) + B_orig = xp.asarray([[1, 3], [1, 2], [1, 1], [2, 1]], dtype=xp.float64) + B_standardized = xp.asarray([[-0.13363062, 0.6681531], + [-0.13363062, 0.13363062], + [-0.13363062, -0.40089186], + [0.40089186, -0.40089186]], dtype=xp.float64) + A, A_mu = _centered(A_orig, xp) + B, B_mu = _centered(B_orig, xp) + R, s = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + scale = s / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(A)**2 + B_approx = scale * A @ R + B_mu + xp_assert_close(B_approx, B_orig) + xp_assert_close(B / xp.linalg.matrix_norm(B), B_standardized) + + def test_empty(self, xp): + a = xp.empty((0, 0)) + r, s = orthogonal_procrustes(a, a) + xp_assert_close(r, xp.empty((0, 0))) + + a = xp.empty((0, 3)) + r, s = orthogonal_procrustes(a, a) + xp_assert_close(r, xp.eye(3)) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('shape', [(4, 5), (5, 5), (5, 4)]) + def test_unitary(self, shape, xp): + # gh-12071 added support for unitary matrices; check that it + # works as intended. + m, n = shape + rng = np.random.default_rng(589234981235) + A = xp.asarray(rng.random(shape) + rng.random(shape) * 1j) + Q = xp.asarray(rng.random((n, n)) + rng.random((n, n)) * 1j) + Q, _ = xp.linalg.qr(Q) + B = A @ Q + R, scale = orthogonal_procrustes(A, B) + xp_assert_close(R @ xp.conj(R).T, xp.eye(n, dtype=xp.complex128), atol=1e-14) + xp_assert_close(A @ Q, B) + if shape != (4, 5): # solution is unique + xp_assert_close(R, Q) + _, s, _ = xp.linalg.svd(xp.conj(A).T @ B) + xp_assert_close(scale, xp.sum(s)) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_sketches.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_sketches.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..49c7033ced5403451d855a04b53ae94582a91ed5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_sketches.py @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +"""Tests for _sketches.py.""" + +import numpy as np +from numpy.testing import assert_, assert_equal +from scipy.linalg import clarkson_woodruff_transform +from scipy.linalg._sketches import cwt_matrix +from scipy.sparse import issparse, rand +from scipy.sparse.linalg import norm + + +class TestClarksonWoodruffTransform: + """ + Testing the Clarkson Woodruff Transform + """ + # set seed for generating test matrices + rng = np.random.default_rng(1179103485) + + # Test matrix parameters + n_rows = 2000 + n_cols = 100 + density = 0.1 + + # Sketch matrix dimensions + n_sketch_rows = 200 + + # Seeds to test with + seeds = [1755490010, 934377150, 1391612830, 1752708722, 2008891431, + 1302443994, 1521083269, 1501189312, 1126232505, 1533465685] + + A_dense = rng.random((n_rows, n_cols)) + A_csc = rand( + n_rows, n_cols, density=density, format='csc', random_state=rng, + ) + A_csr = rand( + n_rows, n_cols, density=density, format='csr', random_state=rng, + ) + A_coo = rand( + n_rows, n_cols, density=density, format='coo', random_state=rng, + ) + + # Collect the test matrices + test_matrices = [ + A_dense, A_csc, A_csr, A_coo, + ] + + # Test vector with norm ~1 + x = rng.random((n_rows, 1)) / np.sqrt(n_rows) + del rng # Not deterministic in pytest-run-parallel + + def test_sketch_dimensions(self): + for A in self.test_matrices: + for seed in self.seeds: + # seed to ensure backwards compatibility post SPEC7 + sketch = clarkson_woodruff_transform( + A, self.n_sketch_rows, seed=seed + ) + assert_(sketch.shape == (self.n_sketch_rows, self.n_cols)) + + def test_seed_returns_identical_transform_matrix(self): + for seed in self.seeds: + S1 = cwt_matrix( + self.n_sketch_rows, self.n_rows, rng=seed + ).toarray() + S2 = cwt_matrix( + self.n_sketch_rows, self.n_rows, rng=seed + ).toarray() + assert_equal(S1, S2) + + def test_seed_returns_identically(self): + for A in self.test_matrices: + for seed in self.seeds: + sketch1 = clarkson_woodruff_transform( + A, self.n_sketch_rows, rng=seed + ) + sketch2 = clarkson_woodruff_transform( + A, self.n_sketch_rows, rng=seed + ) + if issparse(sketch1): + sketch1 = sketch1.toarray() + if issparse(sketch2): + sketch2 = sketch2.toarray() + assert_equal(sketch1, sketch2) + + def test_sketch_preserves_frobenius_norm(self): + # Given the probabilistic nature of the sketches + # we run the test multiple times and check that + # we pass all/almost all the tries. + n_errors = 0 + for A in self.test_matrices: + if issparse(A): + true_norm = norm(A) + else: + true_norm = np.linalg.norm(A) + for seed in self.seeds: + sketch = clarkson_woodruff_transform( + A, self.n_sketch_rows, rng=seed, + ) + if issparse(sketch): + sketch_norm = norm(sketch) + else: + sketch_norm = np.linalg.norm(sketch) + + if np.abs(true_norm - sketch_norm) > 0.1 * true_norm: + n_errors += 1 + assert_(n_errors == 0) + + def test_sketch_preserves_vector_norm(self): + n_errors = 0 + n_sketch_rows = int(np.ceil(2. / (0.01 * 0.5**2))) + true_norm = np.linalg.norm(self.x) + for seed in self.seeds: + sketch = clarkson_woodruff_transform( + self.x, n_sketch_rows, rng=seed, + ) + sketch_norm = np.linalg.norm(sketch) + + if np.abs(true_norm - sketch_norm) > 0.5 * true_norm: + n_errors += 1 + assert_(n_errors == 0) diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solve_toeplitz.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solve_toeplitz.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8ed1bec48691b94ff6ae997f57523b7248bfe9e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solve_toeplitz.py @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ +"""Test functions for linalg._solve_toeplitz module +""" +import numpy as np +from scipy.linalg._solve_toeplitz import levinson +from scipy.linalg import solve, toeplitz, solve_toeplitz +from numpy.testing import assert_equal, assert_allclose + +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + + +def test_solve_equivalence(): + # For toeplitz matrices, solve_toeplitz() should be equivalent to solve(). + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + for n in (1, 2, 3, 10): + c = random.randn(n) + if random.rand() < 0.5: + c = c + 1j * random.randn(n) + r = random.randn(n) + if random.rand() < 0.5: + r = r + 1j * random.randn(n) + y = random.randn(n) + if random.rand() < 0.5: + y = y + 1j * random.randn(n) + + # Check equivalence when both the column and row are provided. + actual = solve_toeplitz((c,r), y) + desired = solve(toeplitz(c, r=r), y) + assert_allclose(actual, desired) + + # Check equivalence when the column is provided but not the row. + actual = solve_toeplitz(c, b=y) + desired = solve(toeplitz(c), y) + assert_allclose(actual, desired) + + +def test_multiple_rhs(): + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = random.randn(4) + r = random.randn(4) + for offset in [0, 1j]: + for yshape in ((4,), (4, 3)): + y = random.randn(*yshape) + offset + actual = solve_toeplitz((c,r), b=y) + desired = solve(toeplitz(c, r=r), y) + assert_equal(actual.shape, yshape) + assert_equal(desired.shape, yshape) + assert_allclose(actual, desired) + + +def test_native_list_arguments(): + c = [1,2,4,7] + r = [1,3,9,12] + y = [5,1,4,2] + actual = solve_toeplitz((c,r), y) + desired = solve(toeplitz(c, r=r), y) + assert_allclose(actual, desired) + + +def test_zero_diag_error(): + # The Levinson-Durbin implementation fails when the diagonal is zero. + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 4 + c = random.randn(n) + r = random.randn(n) + y = random.randn(n) + c[0] = 0 + assert_raises(np.linalg.LinAlgError, + solve_toeplitz, (c, r), b=y) + + +def test_wikipedia_counterexample(): + # The Levinson-Durbin implementation also fails in other cases. + # This example is from the talk page of the wikipedia article. + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + c = [2, 2, 1] + y = random.randn(3) + assert_raises(np.linalg.LinAlgError, solve_toeplitz, c, b=y) + + +def test_reflection_coeffs(): + # check that the partial solutions are given by the reflection + # coefficients + + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + y_d = random.randn(10) + y_z = random.randn(10) + 1j + reflection_coeffs_d = [1] + reflection_coeffs_z = [1] + for i in range(2, 10): + reflection_coeffs_d.append(solve_toeplitz(y_d[:(i-1)], b=y_d[1:i])[-1]) + reflection_coeffs_z.append(solve_toeplitz(y_z[:(i-1)], b=y_z[1:i])[-1]) + + y_d_concat = np.concatenate((y_d[-2:0:-1], y_d[:-1])) + y_z_concat = np.concatenate((y_z[-2:0:-1].conj(), y_z[:-1])) + _, ref_d = levinson(y_d_concat, b=y_d[1:]) + _, ref_z = levinson(y_z_concat, b=y_z[1:]) + + assert_allclose(reflection_coeffs_d, ref_d[:-1]) + assert_allclose(reflection_coeffs_z, ref_z[:-1]) + + +@pytest.mark.xfail(reason='Instability of Levinson iteration') +def test_unstable(): + # this is a "Gaussian Toeplitz matrix", as mentioned in Example 2 of + # I. Gohbert, T. Kailath and V. Olshevsky "Fast Gaussian Elimination with + # Partial Pivoting for Matrices with Displacement Structure" + # Mathematics of Computation, 64, 212 (1995), pp 1557-1576 + # which can be unstable for levinson recursion. + + # other fast toeplitz solvers such as GKO or Burg should be better. + random = np.random.RandomState(1234) + n = 100 + c = 0.9 ** (np.arange(n)**2) + y = random.randn(n) + + solution1 = solve_toeplitz(c, b=y) + solution2 = solve(toeplitz(c), y) + + assert_allclose(solution1, solution2) + + +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_c', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) +@pytest.mark.parametrize('dt_b', [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64]) +def test_empty(dt_c, dt_b): + c = np.array([], dtype=dt_c) + b = np.array([], dtype=dt_b) + x = solve_toeplitz(c, b) + assert x.shape == (0,) + assert x.dtype == solve_toeplitz(np.array([2, 1], dtype=dt_c), + np.ones(2, dtype=dt_b)).dtype + + b = np.empty((0, 0), dtype=dt_b) + x1 = solve_toeplitz(c, b) + assert x1.shape == (0, 0) + assert x1.dtype == x.dtype + diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solvers.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solvers.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1c169308c7f6a98b08c6a868071be312df184061 --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_solvers.py @@ -0,0 +1,862 @@ +import os +import numpy as np + +from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose +import pytest +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.linalg import solve_sylvester +from scipy.linalg import solve_continuous_lyapunov, solve_discrete_lyapunov +from scipy.linalg import solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are +from scipy.linalg import block_diag, solve, LinAlgError +from scipy.sparse._sputils import matrix +from scipy.conftest import skip_xp_invalid_arg + + +# dtypes for testing size-0 case following precedent set in gh-20295 +dtypes = [int, float, np.float32, complex, np.complex64] + + +def _load_data(name): + """ + Load npz data file under data/ + Returns a copy of the data, rather than keeping the npz file open. + """ + filename = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)), + 'data', name) + with np.load(filename) as f: + return dict(f.items()) + + +class TestSolveLyapunov: + + cases = [ + # empty case + (np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((0, 0))), + (np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]), + np.array([[9, 10], [11, 12]])), + # a, q all complex. + (np.array([[1.0+1j, 2.0], [3.0-4.0j, 5.0]]), + np.array([[2.0-2j, 2.0+2j], [-1.0-1j, 2.0]])), + # a real; q complex. + (np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 5.0]]), + np.array([[2.0-2j, 2.0+2j], [-1.0-1j, 2.0]])), + # a complex; q real. + (np.array([[1.0+1j, 2.0], [3.0-4.0j, 5.0]]), + np.array([[2.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 2.0]])), + # An example from Kitagawa, 1977 + (np.array([[3, 9, 5, 1, 4], [1, 2, 3, 8, 4], [4, 6, 6, 6, 3], + [1, 5, 2, 0, 7], [5, 3, 3, 1, 5]]), + np.array([[2, 4, 1, 0, 1], [4, 1, 0, 2, 0], [1, 0, 3, 0, 3], + [0, 2, 0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 3, 0, 4]])), + # Companion matrix example. a complex; q real; a.shape[0] = 11 + (np.array([[0.100+0.j, 0.091+0.j, 0.082+0.j, 0.073+0.j, 0.064+0.j, + 0.055+0.j, 0.046+0.j, 0.037+0.j, 0.028+0.j, 0.019+0.j, + 0.010+0.j], + [1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j], + [0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 0.000+0.j, 1.000+0.j, + 0.000+0.j]]), + np.eye(11)), + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4176 + (matrix([[0, 1], [-1/2, -1]]), + (matrix([0, 3]).T @ matrix([0, 3]).T.T)), + # https://github.com/scipy/scipy/issues/4176 + (matrix([[0, 1], [-1/2, -1]]), + (np.array(matrix([0, 3]).T @ matrix([0, 3]).T.T))), + ] + + def test_continuous_squareness_and_shape(self): + nsq = np.ones((3, 2)) + sq = np.eye(3) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_continuous_lyapunov, nsq, sq) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_continuous_lyapunov, sq, nsq) + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_continuous_lyapunov, sq, np.eye(2)) + + def check_continuous_case(self, a, q): + x = solve_continuous_lyapunov(a, q) + assert_array_almost_equal( + np.dot(a, x) + np.dot(x, a.conj().transpose()), q) + + def check_discrete_case(self, a, q, method=None): + x = solve_discrete_lyapunov(a, q, method=method) + assert_array_almost_equal( + np.dot(np.dot(a, x), a.conj().transpose()) - x, -1.0*q) + + @skip_xp_invalid_arg + def test_cases(self): + for case in self.cases: + self.check_continuous_case(case[0], case[1]) + self.check_discrete_case(case[0], case[1]) + self.check_discrete_case(case[0], case[1], method='direct') + self.check_discrete_case(case[0], case[1], method='bilinear') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_a", dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_q", dtypes) + def test_size_0(self, dtype_a, dtype_q): + rng = np.random.default_rng(234598235) + + a = np.zeros((0, 0), dtype=dtype_a) + q = np.zeros((0, 0), dtype=dtype_q) + res = solve_continuous_lyapunov(a, q) + + a = (rng.random((5, 5))*100).astype(dtype_a) + q = (rng.random((5, 5))*100).astype(dtype_q) + ref = solve_continuous_lyapunov(a, q) + + assert res.shape == (0, 0) + assert res.dtype == ref.dtype + + +class TestSolveContinuousAre: + mat6 = _load_data('carex_6_data.npz') + mat15 = _load_data('carex_15_data.npz') + mat18 = _load_data('carex_18_data.npz') + mat19 = _load_data('carex_19_data.npz') + mat20 = _load_data('carex_20_data.npz') + cases = [ + # Carex examples taken from (with default parameters): + # [1] P.BENNER, A.J. LAUB, V. MEHRMANN: 'A Collection of Benchmark + # Examples for the Numerical Solution of Algebraic Riccati + # Equations II: Continuous-Time Case', Tech. Report SPC 95_23, + # Fak. f. Mathematik, TU Chemnitz-Zwickau (Germany), 1995. + # + # The format of the data is (a, b, q, r, knownfailure), where + # knownfailure is None if the test passes or a string + # indicating the reason for failure. + # + # Test Case 0: carex #1 + (np.diag([1.], 1), + np.array([[0], [1]]), + block_diag(1., 2.), + 1, + None), + # Test Case 1: carex #2 + (np.array([[4, 3], [-4.5, -3.5]]), + np.array([[1], [-1]]), + np.array([[9, 6], [6, 4.]]), + 1, + None), + # Test Case 2: carex #3 + (np.array([[0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, -1.89, 0.39, -5.53], + [0, -0.034, -2.98, 2.43], + [0.034, -0.0011, -0.99, -0.21]]), + np.array([[0, 0], [0.36, -1.6], [-0.95, -0.032], [0.03, 0]]), + np.array([[2.313, 2.727, 0.688, 0.023], + [2.727, 4.271, 1.148, 0.323], + [0.688, 1.148, 0.313, 0.102], + [0.023, 0.323, 0.102, 0.083]]), + np.eye(2), + None), + # Test Case 3: carex #4 + (np.array([[-0.991, 0.529, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0.522, -1.051, 0.596, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0.522, -1.118, 0.596, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0.522, -1.548, 0.718, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0.922, -1.64, 0.799, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0.922, -1.721, 0.901, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.922, -1.823, 1.021], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.922, -1.943]]), + np.array([[3.84, 4.00, 37.60, 3.08, 2.36, 2.88, 3.08, 3.00], + [-2.88, -3.04, -2.80, -2.32, -3.32, -3.82, -4.12, -3.96]] + ).T * 0.001, + np.array([[1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1], + [0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.5, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1, 0.0], + [0.1, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.1]]), + np.eye(2), + None), + # Test Case 4: carex #5 + (np.array( + [[-4.019, 5.120, 0., 0., -2.082, 0., 0., 0., 0.870], + [-0.346, 0.986, 0., 0., -2.340, 0., 0., 0., 0.970], + [-7.909, 15.407, -4.069, 0., -6.450, 0., 0., 0., 2.680], + [-21.816, 35.606, -0.339, -3.870, -17.800, 0., 0., 0., 7.390], + [-60.196, 98.188, -7.907, 0.340, -53.008, 0., 0., 0., 20.400], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 94.000, -147.200, 0., 53.200, 0.], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 94.000, -147.200, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12.800, 0.000, -31.600, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 12.800, 0.000, 0.000, 18.800, -31.600]]), + np.array([[0.010, -0.011, -0.151], + [0.003, -0.021, 0.000], + [0.009, -0.059, 0.000], + [0.024, -0.162, 0.000], + [0.068, -0.445, 0.000], + [0.000, 0.000, 0.000], + [0.000, 0.000, 0.000], + [0.000, 0.000, 0.000], + [0.000, 0.000, 0.000]]), + np.eye(9), + np.eye(3), + None), + # Test Case 5: carex #6 + (mat6['A'], mat6['B'], mat6['Q'], mat6['R'], None), + # Test Case 6: carex #7 + (np.array([[1, 0], [0, -2.]]), + np.array([[1e-6], [0]]), + np.ones((2, 2)), + 1., + 'Bad residual accuracy'), + # Test Case 7: carex #8 + (block_diag(-0.1, -0.02), + np.array([[0.100, 0.000], [0.001, 0.010]]), + np.array([[100, 1000], [1000, 10000]]), + np.ones((2, 2)) + block_diag(1e-6, 0), + None), + # Test Case 8: carex #9 + (np.array([[0, 1e6], [0, 0]]), + np.array([[0], [1.]]), + np.eye(2), + 1., + None), + # Test Case 9: carex #10 + (np.array([[1.0000001, 1], [1., 1.0000001]]), + np.eye(2), + np.eye(2), + np.eye(2), + None), + # Test Case 10: carex #11 + (np.array([[3, 1.], [4, 2]]), + np.array([[1], [1]]), + np.array([[-11, -5], [-5, -2.]]), + 1., + None), + # Test Case 11: carex #12 + (np.array([[7000000., 2000000., -0.], + [2000000., 6000000., -2000000.], + [0., -2000000., 5000000.]]) / 3, + np.eye(3), + np.array([[1., -2., -2.], [-2., 1., -2.], [-2., -2., 1.]]).dot( + np.diag([1e-6, 1, 1e6])).dot( + np.array([[1., -2., -2.], [-2., 1., -2.], [-2., -2., 1.]])) / 9, + np.eye(3) * 1e6, + 'Bad Residual Accuracy'), + # Test Case 12: carex #13 + (np.array([[0, 0.4, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0.345, 0], + [0, -0.524e6, -0.465e6, 0.262e6], + [0, 0, 0, -1e6]]), + np.array([[0, 0, 0, 1e6]]).T, + np.diag([1, 0, 1, 0]), + 1., + None), + # Test Case 13: carex #14 + (np.array([[-1e-6, 1, 0, 0], + [-1, -1e-6, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1e-6, 1], + [0, 0, -1, 1e-6]]), + np.ones((4, 1)), + np.ones((4, 4)), + 1., + None), + # Test Case 14: carex #15 + (mat15['A'], mat15['B'], mat15['Q'], mat15['R'], None), + # Test Case 15: carex #16 + (np.eye(64, 64, k=-1) + np.eye(64, 64)*(-2.) + np.rot90( + block_diag(1, np.zeros((62, 62)), 1)) + np.eye(64, 64, k=1), + np.eye(64), + np.eye(64), + np.eye(64), + None), + # Test Case 16: carex #17 + (np.diag(np.ones((20, )), 1), + np.flipud(np.eye(21, 1)), + np.eye(21, 1) * np.eye(21, 1).T, + 1, + 'Bad Residual Accuracy'), + # Test Case 17: carex #18 + (mat18['A'], mat18['B'], mat18['Q'], mat18['R'], None), + # Test Case 18: carex #19 + (mat19['A'], mat19['B'], mat19['Q'], mat19['R'], + 'Bad Residual Accuracy'), + # Test Case 19: carex #20 + (mat20['A'], mat20['B'], mat20['Q'], mat20['R'], + 'Bad Residual Accuracy') + ] + # Makes the minimum precision requirements customized to the test. + # Here numbers represent the number of decimals that agrees with zero + # matrix when the solution x is plugged in to the equation. + # + # res = array([[8e-3,1e-16],[1e-16,1e-20]]) --> min_decimal[k] = 2 + # + # If the test is failing use "None" for that entry. + # + min_decimal = (14, 12, 13, 14, 11, 6, None, 5, 7, 14, 14, + None, 9, 14, 13, 14, None, 12, None, None) + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("j, case", enumerate(cases)) + def test_solve_continuous_are(self, j, case): + """Checks if 0 = XA + A'X - XB(R)^{-1} B'X + Q is true""" + a, b, q, r, knownfailure = case + if knownfailure: + pytest.xfail(reason=knownfailure) + + dec = self.min_decimal[j] + x = solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r) + res = x @ a + a.conj().T @ x + q + out_fact = x @ b + res -= out_fact @ solve(np.atleast_2d(r), out_fact.conj().T) + assert_array_almost_equal(res, np.zeros_like(res), decimal=dec) + + +class TestSolveDiscreteAre: + cases = [ + # Darex examples taken from (with default parameters): + # [1] P.BENNER, A.J. LAUB, V. MEHRMANN: 'A Collection of Benchmark + # Examples for the Numerical Solution of Algebraic Riccati + # Equations II: Discrete-Time Case', Tech. Report SPC 95_23, + # Fak. f. Mathematik, TU Chemnitz-Zwickau (Germany), 1995. + # [2] T. GUDMUNDSSON, C. KENNEY, A.J. LAUB: 'Scaling of the + # Discrete-Time Algebraic Riccati Equation to Enhance Stability + # of the Schur Solution Method', IEEE Trans.Aut.Cont., vol.37(4) + # + # The format of the data is (a, b, q, r, knownfailure), where + # knownfailure is None if the test passes or a string + # indicating the reason for failure. + # + # TEST CASE 0 : Complex a; real b, q, r + (np.array([[2, 1-2j], [0, -3j]]), + np.array([[0], [1]]), + np.array([[1, 0], [0, 2]]), + np.array([[1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 1 :Real a, q, r; complex b + (np.array([[2, 1], [0, -1]]), + np.array([[-2j], [1j]]), + np.array([[1, 0], [0, 2]]), + np.array([[1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 2 : Real a, b; complex q, r + (np.array([[3, 1], [0, -1]]), + np.array([[1, 2], [1, 3]]), + np.array([[1, 1+1j], [1-1j, 2]]), + np.array([[2, -2j], [2j, 3]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 3 : User-reported gh-2251 (Trac #1732) + (np.array([[0.63399379, 0.54906824, 0.76253406], + [0.5404729, 0.53745766, 0.08731853], + [0.27524045, 0.84922129, 0.4681622]]), + np.array([[0.96861695], [0.05532739], [0.78934047]]), + np.eye(3), + np.eye(1), + None), + # TEST CASE 4 : darex #1 + (np.array([[4, 3], [-4.5, -3.5]]), + np.array([[1], [-1]]), + np.array([[9, 6], [6, 4]]), + np.array([[1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 5 : darex #2 + (np.array([[0.9512, 0], [0, 0.9048]]), + np.array([[4.877, 4.877], [-1.1895, 3.569]]), + np.array([[0.005, 0], [0, 0.02]]), + np.array([[1/3, 0], [0, 3]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 6 : darex #3 + (np.array([[2, -1], [1, 0]]), + np.array([[1], [0]]), + np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]]), + np.array([[0]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 7 : darex #4 (skipped the gen. Ric. term S) + (np.array([[0, 1], [0, -1]]), + np.array([[1, 0], [2, 1]]), + np.array([[-4, -4], [-4, 7]]) * (1/11), + np.array([[9, 3], [3, 1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 8 : darex #5 + (np.array([[0, 1], [0, 0]]), + np.array([[0], [1]]), + np.array([[1, 2], [2, 4]]), + np.array([[1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 9 : darex #6 + (np.array([[0.998, 0.067, 0, 0], + [-.067, 0.998, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0.998, 0.153], + [0, 0, -.153, 0.998]]), + np.array([[0.0033, 0.0200], + [0.1000, -.0007], + [0.0400, 0.0073], + [-.0028, 0.1000]]), + np.array([[1.87, 0, 0, -0.244], + [0, 0.744, 0.205, 0], + [0, 0.205, 0.589, 0], + [-0.244, 0, 0, 1.048]]), + np.eye(2), + None), + # TEST CASE 10 : darex #7 + (np.array([[0.984750, -.079903, 0.0009054, -.0010765], + [0.041588, 0.998990, -.0358550, 0.0126840], + [-.546620, 0.044916, -.3299100, 0.1931800], + [2.662400, -.100450, -.9245500, -.2632500]]), + np.array([[0.0037112, 0.0007361], + [-.0870510, 9.3411e-6], + [-1.198440, -4.1378e-4], + [-3.192700, 9.2535e-4]]), + np.eye(4)*1e-2, + np.eye(2), + None), + # TEST CASE 11 : darex #8 + (np.array([[-0.6000000, -2.2000000, -3.6000000, -5.4000180], + [1.0000000, 0.6000000, 0.8000000, 3.3999820], + [0.0000000, 1.0000000, 1.8000000, 3.7999820], + [0.0000000, 0.0000000, 0.0000000, -0.9999820]]), + np.array([[1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -1.0], + [0.0, 1.0, -1.0, -1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, -1.0], + [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0]]), + np.array([[2, 1, 3, 6], + [1, 2, 2, 5], + [3, 2, 6, 11], + [6, 5, 11, 22]]), + np.eye(4), + None), + # TEST CASE 12 : darex #9 + (np.array([[95.4070, 1.9643, 0.3597, 0.0673, 0.0190], + [40.8490, 41.3170, 16.0840, 4.4679, 1.1971], + [12.2170, 26.3260, 36.1490, 15.9300, 12.3830], + [4.1118, 12.8580, 27.2090, 21.4420, 40.9760], + [0.1305, 0.5808, 1.8750, 3.6162, 94.2800]]) * 0.01, + np.array([[0.0434, -0.0122], + [2.6606, -1.0453], + [3.7530, -5.5100], + [3.6076, -6.6000], + [0.4617, -0.9148]]) * 0.01, + np.eye(5), + np.eye(2), + None), + # TEST CASE 13 : darex #10 + (np.kron(np.eye(2), np.diag([1, 1], k=1)), + np.kron(np.eye(2), np.array([[0], [0], [1]])), + np.array([[1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0], + [0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]), + np.array([[3, 0], [0, 1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 14 : darex #11 + (0.001 * np.array( + [[870.1, 135.0, 11.59, .5014, -37.22, .3484, 0, 4.242, 7.249], + [76.55, 897.4, 12.72, 0.5504, -40.16, .3743, 0, 4.53, 7.499], + [-127.2, 357.5, 817, 1.455, -102.8, .987, 0, 11.85, 18.72], + [-363.5, 633.9, 74.91, 796.6, -273.5, 2.653, 0, 31.72, 48.82], + [-960, 1645.9, -128.9, -5.597, 71.42, 7.108, 0, 84.52, 125.9], + [-664.4, 112.96, -88.89, -3.854, 84.47, 13.6, 0, 144.3, 101.6], + [-410.2, 693, -54.71, -2.371, 66.49, 12.49, .1063, 99.97, 69.67], + [-179.9, 301.7, -23.93, -1.035, 60.59, 22.16, 0, 213.9, 35.54], + [-345.1, 580.4, -45.96, -1.989, 105.6, 19.86, 0, 219.1, 215.2]]), + np.array([[4.7600, -0.5701, -83.6800], + [0.8790, -4.7730, -2.7300], + [1.4820, -13.1200, 8.8760], + [3.8920, -35.1300, 24.8000], + [10.3400, -92.7500, 66.8000], + [7.2030, -61.5900, 38.3400], + [4.4540, -36.8300, 20.2900], + [1.9710, -15.5400, 6.9370], + [3.7730, -30.2800, 14.6900]]) * 0.001, + np.diag([50, 0, 0, 0, 50, 0, 0, 0, 0]), + np.eye(3), + None), + # TEST CASE 15 : darex #12 - numerically least accurate example + (np.array([[0, 1e6], [0, 0]]), + np.array([[0], [1]]), + np.eye(2), + np.array([[1]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 16 : darex #13 + (np.array([[16, 10, -2], + [10, 13, -8], + [-2, -8, 7]]) * (1/9), + np.eye(3), + 1e6 * np.eye(3), + 1e6 * np.eye(3), + None), + # TEST CASE 17 : darex #14 + (np.array([[1 - 1/1e8, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1, 0]]), + np.array([[1e-08], [0], [0], [0]]), + np.diag([0, 0, 0, 1]), + np.array([[0.25]]), + None), + # TEST CASE 18 : darex #15 + (np.eye(100, k=1), + np.flipud(np.eye(100, 1)), + np.eye(100), + np.array([[1]]), + None) + ] + + # Makes the minimum precision requirements customized to the test. + # Here numbers represent the number of decimals that agrees with zero + # matrix when the solution x is plugged in to the equation. + # + # res = array([[8e-3,1e-16],[1e-16,1e-20]]) --> min_decimal[k] = 2 + # + # If the test is failing use "None" for that entry. + # + min_decimal = (12, 14, 13, 14, 13, 16, 18, 14, 14, 13, + 14, 13, 13, 14, 12, 2, 4, 6, 10) + max_tol = [1.5 * 10**-ind for ind in min_decimal] + # relaxed tolerance in gh-18012 after bump to OpenBLAS + max_tol[11] = 2.5e-13 + + # relaxed tolerance in gh-20335 for linux-aarch64 build on Cirrus + # with OpenBLAS from ubuntu jammy + max_tol[15] = 2.0e-2 + + # relaxed tolerance in gh-20335 for OpenBLAS 3.20 on ubuntu jammy + # bump not needed for OpenBLAS 3.26 + max_tol[16] = 2.0e-4 + + @pytest.mark.parametrize("j, case", enumerate(cases)) + def test_solve_discrete_are(self, j, case): + """Checks if X = A'XA-(A'XB)(R+B'XB)^-1(B'XA)+Q) is true""" + a, b, q, r, knownfailure = case + if knownfailure: + pytest.xfail(reason=knownfailure) + + atol = self.max_tol[j] + + x = solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r) + bH = b.conj().T + xa, xb = x @ a, x @ b + + res = a.conj().T @ xa - x + q + res -= a.conj().T @ xb @ (solve(r + bH @ xb, bH) @ xa) + + # changed from + # assert_array_almost_equal(res, np.zeros_like(res), decimal=dec) + # in gh-18012 as it's easier to relax a tolerance and allclose is + # preferred + assert_allclose(res, np.zeros_like(res), atol=atol) + + def test_infeasible(self): + # An infeasible example taken from https://arxiv.org/abs/1505.04861v1 + A = np.triu(np.ones((3, 3))) + A[0, 1] = -1 + B = np.array([[1, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]]).T + Q = np.full_like(A, -2) + np.diag([8, -1, -1.9]) + R = np.diag([-10, 0.1]) + assert_raises(LinAlgError, solve_continuous_are, A, B, Q, R) + + +class TestSolveCommonAre: + @pytest.mark.parametrize("solver", [solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are]) + def test_with_skipped_array_argument_gh23336(self, solver): + # gh-23336 reported a failure when optional argument `e` was skipped + A = np.array([[-0.9, 0.25], [0, -1.1]]) + B = np.array([[0.23], [0.45]]) + Q = np.eye(2) + R = np.atleast_2d(0.45) + E = np.eye(2) + S = np.array([[0.1], [0.2]]) + + res = solver(A, B, Q, R, s=S) + ref = solver(A, B, Q, R, E, S) + np.testing.assert_allclose(res, ref) + + +def test_solve_generalized_continuous_are(): + cases = [ + # Two random examples differ by s term + # in the absence of any literature for demanding examples. + (np.array([[2.769230e-01, 8.234578e-01, 9.502220e-01], + [4.617139e-02, 6.948286e-01, 3.444608e-02], + [9.713178e-02, 3.170995e-01, 4.387444e-01]]), + np.array([[3.815585e-01, 1.868726e-01], + [7.655168e-01, 4.897644e-01], + [7.951999e-01, 4.455862e-01]]), + np.eye(3), + np.eye(2), + np.array([[6.463130e-01, 2.760251e-01, 1.626117e-01], + [7.093648e-01, 6.797027e-01, 1.189977e-01], + [7.546867e-01, 6.550980e-01, 4.983641e-01]]), + np.zeros((3, 2)), + None), + (np.array([[2.769230e-01, 8.234578e-01, 9.502220e-01], + [4.617139e-02, 6.948286e-01, 3.444608e-02], + [9.713178e-02, 3.170995e-01, 4.387444e-01]]), + np.array([[3.815585e-01, 1.868726e-01], + [7.655168e-01, 4.897644e-01], + [7.951999e-01, 4.455862e-01]]), + np.eye(3), + np.eye(2), + np.array([[6.463130e-01, 2.760251e-01, 1.626117e-01], + [7.093648e-01, 6.797027e-01, 1.189977e-01], + [7.546867e-01, 6.550980e-01, 4.983641e-01]]), + np.ones((3, 2)), + None) + ] + + min_decimal = (10, 10) + + def _test_factory(case, dec): + """Checks if X = A'XA-(A'XB)(R+B'XB)^-1(B'XA)+Q) is true""" + a, b, q, r, e, s, knownfailure = case + if knownfailure: + pytest.xfail(reason=knownfailure) + + x = solve_continuous_are(a, b, q, r, e, s) + res = a.conj().T.dot(x.dot(e)) + e.conj().T.dot(x.dot(a)) + q + out_fact = e.conj().T.dot(x).dot(b) + s + res -= out_fact.dot(solve(np.atleast_2d(r), out_fact.conj().T)) + assert_array_almost_equal(res, np.zeros_like(res), decimal=dec) + + for ind, case in enumerate(cases): + _test_factory(case, min_decimal[ind]) + + +def test_solve_generalized_discrete_are(): + mat20170120 = _load_data('gendare_20170120_data.npz') + + cases = [ + # Two random examples differ by s term + # in the absence of any literature for demanding examples. + (np.array([[2.769230e-01, 8.234578e-01, 9.502220e-01], + [4.617139e-02, 6.948286e-01, 3.444608e-02], + [9.713178e-02, 3.170995e-01, 4.387444e-01]]), + np.array([[3.815585e-01, 1.868726e-01], + [7.655168e-01, 4.897644e-01], + [7.951999e-01, 4.455862e-01]]), + np.eye(3), + np.eye(2), + np.array([[6.463130e-01, 2.760251e-01, 1.626117e-01], + [7.093648e-01, 6.797027e-01, 1.189977e-01], + [7.546867e-01, 6.550980e-01, 4.983641e-01]]), + np.zeros((3, 2)), + None), + (np.array([[2.769230e-01, 8.234578e-01, 9.502220e-01], + [4.617139e-02, 6.948286e-01, 3.444608e-02], + [9.713178e-02, 3.170995e-01, 4.387444e-01]]), + np.array([[3.815585e-01, 1.868726e-01], + [7.655168e-01, 4.897644e-01], + [7.951999e-01, 4.455862e-01]]), + np.eye(3), + np.eye(2), + np.array([[6.463130e-01, 2.760251e-01, 1.626117e-01], + [7.093648e-01, 6.797027e-01, 1.189977e-01], + [7.546867e-01, 6.550980e-01, 4.983641e-01]]), + np.ones((3, 2)), + None), + # user-reported (under PR-6616) 20-Jan-2017 + # tests against the case where E is None but S is provided + (mat20170120['A'], + mat20170120['B'], + mat20170120['Q'], + mat20170120['R'], + None, + mat20170120['S'], + None), + ] + + max_atol = (1.5e-11, 1.5e-11, 3.5e-16) + + def _test_factory(case, atol): + """Checks if X = A'XA-(A'XB)(R+B'XB)^-1(B'XA)+Q) is true""" + a, b, q, r, e, s, knownfailure = case + if knownfailure: + pytest.xfail(reason=knownfailure) + + x = solve_discrete_are(a, b, q, r, e, s) + if e is None: + e = np.eye(a.shape[0]) + if s is None: + s = np.zeros_like(b) + res = a.conj().T.dot(x.dot(a)) - e.conj().T.dot(x.dot(e)) + q + res -= (a.conj().T.dot(x.dot(b)) + s).dot( + solve(r+b.conj().T.dot(x.dot(b)), + (b.conj().T.dot(x.dot(a)) + s.conj().T) + ) + ) + # changed from: + # assert_array_almost_equal(res, np.zeros_like(res), decimal=dec) + # in gh-17950 because of a Linux 32 bit fail. + assert_allclose(res, np.zeros_like(res), atol=atol) + + for ind, case in enumerate(cases): + _test_factory(case, max_atol[ind]) + + +def test_are_validate_args(): + + def test_square_shape(): + nsq = np.ones((3, 2)) + sq = np.eye(3) + for x in (solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are): + assert_raises(ValueError, x, nsq, 1, 1, 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, nsq, 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, nsq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, nsq) + + def test_compatible_sizes(): + nsq = np.ones((3, 2)) + sq = np.eye(4) + for x in (solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are): + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, nsq, 1, 1) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, sq, nsq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, np.eye(3), sq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, np.eye(3)) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, np.eye(3)) + + def test_symmetry(): + nsym = np.arange(9).reshape(3, 3) + sym = np.eye(3) + for x in (solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are): + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sym, sym, nsym, sym) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sym, sym, sym, nsym) + + def test_singularity(): + sing = np.full((3, 3), 1e12) + sing[2, 2] -= 1 + sq = np.eye(3) + for x in (solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are): + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, sing) + + assert_raises(ValueError, solve_continuous_are, sq, sq, sq, sing) + + def test_finiteness(): + nm = np.full((2, 2), np.nan) + sq = np.eye(2) + for x in (solve_continuous_are, solve_discrete_are): + assert_raises(ValueError, x, nm, sq, sq, sq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, nm, sq, sq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, nm, sq) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, nm) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, nm) + assert_raises(ValueError, x, sq, sq, sq, sq, sq, nm) + + +class TestSolveSylvester: + cases = [ + # empty cases + (np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((0, 0))), + (np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((2, 2)), + np.empty((0, 2))), + (np.empty((2, 2)), + np.empty((0, 0)), + np.empty((2, 0))), + # a, b, c all real. + (np.array([[1, 2], [0, 4]]), + np.array([[5, 6], [0, 8]]), + np.array([[9, 10], [11, 12]])), + # a, b, c all real, 4x4. a and b have non-trivial 2x2 blocks in their + # quasi-triangular form. + (np.array([[1.0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1.0, 2.0, 0.0], + [0, 0, 3.0, -4], + [0, 0, 2, 5]]), + np.array([[2.0, 0, 0, 1.0], + [0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0], + [0, 0, 1.0, -1], + [0, 0, 1, 1]]), + np.array([[1.0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1.0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1.0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 1.0]])), + # a, b, c all complex. + (np.array([[1.0+1j, 2.0], [3.0-4.0j, 5.0]]), + np.array([[-1.0, 2j], [3.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[2.0-2j, 2.0+2j], [-1.0-1j, 2.0]])), + # a and b real; c complex. + (np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 5.0]]), + np.array([[-1.0, 0], [3.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[2.0-2j, 2.0+2j], [-1.0-1j, 2.0]])), + # a and c complex; b real. + (np.array([[1.0+1j, 2.0], [3.0-4.0j, 5.0]]), + np.array([[-1.0, 0], [3.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[2.0-2j, 2.0+2j], [-1.0-1j, 2.0]])), + # a complex; b and c real. + (np.array([[1.0+1j, 2.0], [3.0-4.0j, 5.0]]), + np.array([[-1.0, 0], [3.0, 4.0]]), + np.array([[2.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 2.0]])), + # not square matrices, real + (np.array([[8, 1, 6], [3, 5, 7], [4, 9, 2]]), + np.array([[2, 3], [4, 5]]), + np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])), + # not square matrices, complex + (np.array([[8, 1j, 6+2j], [3, 5, 7], [4, 9, 2]]), + np.array([[2, 3], [4, 5-1j]]), + np.array([[1, 2j], [3, 4j], [5j, 6+7j]])), + ] + + def check_case(self, a, b, c): + x = solve_sylvester(a, b, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(np.dot(a, x) + np.dot(x, b), c) + + def test_cases(self): + for case in self.cases: + self.check_case(case[0], case[1], case[2]) + + def test_trivial(self): + a = np.array([[1.0, 0.0], [0.0, 1.0]]) + b = np.array([[1.0]]) + c = np.array([2.0, 2.0]).reshape(-1, 1) + x = solve_sylvester(a, b, c) + assert_array_almost_equal(x, np.array([1.0, 1.0]).reshape(-1, 1)) + + # Feel free to adjust this to test fewer dtypes or random selections rather than + # the Cartesian product. It doesn't take very long to test all combinations, + # though, so we'll start there and trim it down as we see fit. + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_a", dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_b", dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype_q", dtypes) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("m", [0, 3]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize("n", [0, 3]) + def test_size_0(self, m, n, dtype_a, dtype_b, dtype_q): + if m == n != 0: + pytest.skip('m = n != 0 is not a case that needs to be tested here.') + + rng = np.random.default_rng(598435298262546) + + a = np.zeros((m, m), dtype=dtype_a) + b = np.zeros((n, n), dtype=dtype_b) + q = np.zeros((m, n), dtype=dtype_q) + res = solve_sylvester(a, b, q) + + a = (rng.random((5, 5))*100).astype(dtype_a) + b = (rng.random((6, 6))*100).astype(dtype_b) + q = (rng.random((5, 6))*100).astype(dtype_q) + ref = solve_sylvester(a, b, q) + + assert res.shape == (m, n) + assert res.dtype == ref.dtype diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_special_matrices.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_special_matrices.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..84696bc2dd35dd2e66709e19e5e68a42178e7c7d --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/linalg/tests/test_special_matrices.py @@ -0,0 +1,617 @@ +import pytest +import numpy as np +from numpy import arange, array, eye, copy, sqrt +from numpy.testing import (assert_equal, assert_array_equal, + assert_array_almost_equal, assert_allclose) +from pytest import raises as assert_raises + +from scipy.fft import fft +from scipy.special import comb +from scipy.linalg import (toeplitz, hankel, circulant, hadamard, leslie, dft, + companion, block_diag, + helmert, hilbert, invhilbert, pascal, invpascal, + fiedler, fiedler_companion, eigvals, + convolution_matrix) +from numpy.linalg import cond +from scipy._lib._array_api import (make_xp_test_case, xp_assert_equal, xp_size, + xp_default_dtype) + + +class TestToeplitz: + + def test_basic(self): + y = toeplitz([1, 2, 3]) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]) + y = toeplitz([1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 5]) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 4, 5], [2, 1, 4], [3, 2, 1]]) + + def test_complex_01(self): + data = (1.0 + arange(3.0)) * (1.0 + 1.0j) + x = copy(data) + t = toeplitz(x) + # Calling toeplitz should not change x. + assert_array_equal(x, data) + # According to the docstring, x should be the first column of t. + col0 = t[:, 0] + assert_array_equal(col0, data) + assert_array_equal(t[0, 1:], data[1:].conj()) + + def test_scalar_00(self): + """Scalar arguments still produce a 2D array.""" + t = toeplitz(10) + assert_array_equal(t, [[10]]) + t = toeplitz(10, 20) + assert_array_equal(t, [[10]]) + + def test_scalar_01(self): + c = array([1, 2, 3]) + t = toeplitz(c, 1) + assert_array_equal(t, [[1], [2], [3]]) + + def test_scalar_02(self): + c = array([1, 2, 3]) + t = toeplitz(c, array(1)) + assert_array_equal(t, [[1], [2], [3]]) + + def test_scalar_03(self): + c = array([1, 2, 3]) + t = toeplitz(c, array([1])) + assert_array_equal(t, [[1], [2], [3]]) + + def test_scalar_04(self): + r = array([10, 2, 3]) + t = toeplitz(1, r) + assert_array_equal(t, [[1, 2, 3]]) + + +class TestHankel: + def test_basic(self): + y = hankel([1, 2, 3]) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 0], [3, 0, 0]]) + y = hankel([1, 2, 3], [3, 4, 5]) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5]]) + + +class TestCirculant: + def test_basic(self): + y = circulant([1, 2, 3]) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [3, 2, 1]]) + + +class TestHadamard: + + def test_basic(self): + + y = hadamard(1) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1]]) + + y = hadamard(2, dtype=float) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1.0, 1.0], [1.0, -1.0]]) + + y = hadamard(4) + assert_array_equal(y, [[1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, -1, 1, -1], + [1, 1, -1, -1], + [1, -1, -1, 1]]) + + assert_raises(ValueError, hadamard, 0) + assert_raises(ValueError, hadamard, 5) + + +class TestLeslie: + + def test_bad_shapes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, leslie, [[1, 1], [2, 2]], [3, 4, 5]) + assert_raises(ValueError, leslie, [1, 2], [1, 2]) + assert_raises(ValueError, leslie, [1], []) + + def test_basic(self): + a = leslie([1, 2, 3], [0.25, 0.5]) + expected = array([[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], + [0.25, 0.0, 0.0], + [0.0, 0.5, 0.0]]) + assert_array_equal(a, expected) + + +class TestCompanion: + + def test_bad_shapes(self): + assert_raises(ValueError, companion, [0, 4, 5]) + assert_raises(ValueError, companion, [1]) + assert_raises(ValueError, companion, []) + + def test_basic(self): + c = companion([1, 2, 3]) + expected = array([ + [-2.0, -3.0], + [1.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_equal(c, expected) + + c = companion([2.0, 5.0, -10.0]) + expected = array([ + [-2.5, 5.0], + [1.0, 0.0]]) + assert_array_equal(c, expected) + + c = companion([(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), + (4.0, 5.0, 6.0)]) + expected = array([ + ([-2.00, -3.00], + [+1.00, +0.00]), + ([-1.25, -1.50], + [+1.00, +0.00]) + ]) + assert_array_equal(c, expected) + + +@make_xp_test_case(block_diag) +class TestBlockDiag: + def test_basic(self, xp): + dtype = xp.asarray(1).dtype + x = block_diag(xp.eye(2, dtype=dtype), xp.asarray([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]), + xp.asarray([[1, 2, 3]])) + xp_assert_equal(x, xp.asarray([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3]])) + + def test_dtype(self, xp): + x = block_diag(xp.asarray([[1.5]])) + assert x.dtype == xp_default_dtype(xp) + + x = block_diag(xp.asarray([[True]])) + assert x.dtype == xp.bool + + def test_mixed_dtypes(self, xp): + actual = block_diag(xp.asarray([[1.]]), xp.asarray([[1j]])) + desired = xp.asarray([[1, 0], [0, 1j]]) + xp_assert_equal(actual, desired) + + def test_scalar_and_1d_args(self, xp): + a = block_diag(xp.asarray(1)) + assert a.shape == (1, 1) + xp_assert_equal(a, xp.asarray([[1]])) + + a = block_diag(xp.asarray([2, 3]), xp.asarray(4)) + xp_assert_equal(a, xp.asarray([[2, 3, 0], [0, 0, 4]])) + + def test_no_args(self): + a = block_diag() + assert a.ndim == 2 + assert a.nbytes == 0 + + def test_empty_matrix_arg(self, xp): + # regression test for gh-4596: check the shape of the result + # for empty matrix inputs. Empty matrices are no longer ignored + # (gh-4908) it is viewed as a shape (1, 0) matrix. + dtype = xp.asarray(1).dtype + a = block_diag(xp.asarray([[1, 0], [0, 1]]), + xp.asarray([], dtype=dtype), + xp.asarray([[2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7]])) + xp_assert_equal(a, xp.asarray([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 2, 3], + [0, 0, 4, 5], + [0, 0, 6, 7]])) + + @pytest.mark.skip_xp_backends("dask.array", reason="dask/dask#11800") + def test_zerosized_matrix_arg(self, xp): + # test for gh-4908: check the shape of the result for + # zero-sized matrix inputs, i.e. matrices with shape (0,n) or (n,0). + # note that [[]] takes shape (1,0) + dtype = xp.asarray(1).dtype + a = block_diag(xp.asarray([[1, 0], [0, 1]]), + xp.asarray([[]], dtype=dtype), + xp.asarray([[2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7]]), + xp.zeros([0, 2], dtype=dtype)) + xp_assert_equal(a, xp.asarray([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 2, 3, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 4, 5, 0, 0], + [0, 0, 6, 7, 0, 0]])) + + +class TestHelmert: + + def test_orthogonality(self): + for n in range(1, 7): + H = helmert(n, full=True) + Id = np.eye(n) + assert_allclose(H.dot(H.T), Id, atol=1e-12) + assert_allclose(H.T.dot(H), Id, atol=1e-12) + + def test_subspace(self): + for n in range(2, 7): + H_full = helmert(n, full=True) + H_partial = helmert(n) + for U in H_full[1:, :].T, H_partial.T: + C = np.eye(n) - np.full((n, n), 1 / n) + assert_allclose(U.dot(U.T), C) + assert_allclose(U.T.dot(U), np.eye(n-1), atol=1e-12) + + +class TestHilbert: + + def test_basic(self): + h3 = array([[1.0, 1/2., 1/3.], + [1/2., 1/3., 1/4.], + [1/3., 1/4., 1/5.]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(hilbert(3), h3) + + assert_array_equal(hilbert(1), [[1.0]]) + + h0 = hilbert(0) + assert_equal(h0.shape, (0, 0)) + + +class TestInvHilbert: + + def test_basic(self): + invh1 = array([[1]]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(1, exact=True), invh1) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(1), invh1) + + invh2 = array([[4, -6], + [-6, 12]]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(2, exact=True), invh2) + assert_array_almost_equal(invhilbert(2), invh2) + + invh3 = array([[9, -36, 30], + [-36, 192, -180], + [30, -180, 180]]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(3, exact=True), invh3) + assert_array_almost_equal(invhilbert(3), invh3) + + invh4 = array([[16, -120, 240, -140], + [-120, 1200, -2700, 1680], + [240, -2700, 6480, -4200], + [-140, 1680, -4200, 2800]]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(4, exact=True), invh4) + assert_array_almost_equal(invhilbert(4), invh4) + + invh5 = array([[25, -300, 1050, -1400, 630], + [-300, 4800, -18900, 26880, -12600], + [1050, -18900, 79380, -117600, 56700], + [-1400, 26880, -117600, 179200, -88200], + [630, -12600, 56700, -88200, 44100]]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(5, exact=True), invh5) + assert_array_almost_equal(invhilbert(5), invh5) + + invh17 = array([ + [289, -41616, 1976760, -46124400, 629598060, -5540462928, + 33374693352, -143034400080, 446982500250, -1033026222800, + 1774926873720, -2258997839280, 2099709530100, -1384423866000, + 613101997800, -163493866080, 19835652870], + [-41616, 7990272, -426980160, 10627061760, -151103534400, + 1367702848512, -8410422724704, 36616806420480, -115857864064800, + 270465047424000, -468580694662080, 600545887119360, + -561522320049600, 372133135180800, -165537539406000, + 44316454993920, -5395297580640], + [1976760, -426980160, 24337869120, -630981792000, 9228108708000, + -85267724461920, 532660105897920, -2348052711713280, + 7504429831470000, -17664748409880000, 30818191841236800, + -39732544853164800, 37341234283298400, -24857330514030000, + 11100752642520000, -2982128117299200, 364182586693200], + [-46124400, 10627061760, -630981792000, 16826181120000, + -251209625940000, 2358021022156800, -14914482965141760, + 66409571644416000, -214015221119700000, 507295338950400000, + -890303319857952000, 1153715376477081600, -1089119333262870000, + 727848632044800000, -326170262829600000, 87894302404608000, + -10763618673376800], + [629598060, -151103534400, 9228108708000, + -251209625940000, 3810012660090000, -36210360321495360, + 231343968720664800, -1038687206500944000, 3370739732635275000, + -8037460526495400000, 14178080368737885600, -18454939322943942000, + 17489975175339030000, -11728977435138600000, 5272370630081100000, + -1424711708039692800, 174908803442373000], + [-5540462928, 1367702848512, -85267724461920, 2358021022156800, + -36210360321495360, 347619459086355456, -2239409617216035264, + 10124803292907663360, -33052510749726468000, + 79217210949138662400, -140362995650505067440, + 183420385176741672960, -174433352415381259200, + 117339159519533952000, -52892422160973595200, + 14328529177999196160, -1763080738699119840], + [33374693352, -8410422724704, 532660105897920, + -14914482965141760, 231343968720664800, -2239409617216035264, + 14527452132196331328, -66072377044391477760, + 216799987176909536400, -521925895055522958000, + 928414062734059661760, -1217424500995626443520, + 1161358898976091015200, -783401860847777371200, + 354015418167362952000, -96120549902411274240, + 11851820521255194480], + [-143034400080, 36616806420480, -2348052711713280, + 66409571644416000, -1038687206500944000, 10124803292907663360, + -66072377044391477760, 302045152202932469760, + -995510145200094810000, 2405996923185123840000, + -4294704507885446054400, 5649058909023744614400, + -5403874060541811254400, 3654352703663101440000, + -1655137020003255360000, 450325202737117593600, + -55630994283442749600], + [446982500250, -115857864064800, 7504429831470000, + -214015221119700000, 3370739732635275000, -33052510749726468000, + 216799987176909536400, -995510145200094810000, + 3293967392206196062500, -7988661659013106500000, + 14303908928401362270000, -18866974090684772052000, + 18093328327706957325000, -12263364009096700500000, + 5565847995255512250000, -1517208935002984080000, + 187754605706619279900], + [-1033026222800, 270465047424000, -17664748409880000, + 507295338950400000, -8037460526495400000, 79217210949138662400, + -521925895055522958000, 2405996923185123840000, + -7988661659013106500000, 19434404971634224000000, + -34894474126569249192000, 46141453390504792320000, + -44349976506971935800000, 30121928988527376000000, + -13697025107665828500000, 3740200989399948902400, + -463591619028689580000], + [1774926873720, -468580694662080, + 30818191841236800, -890303319857952000, 14178080368737885600, + -140362995650505067440, 928414062734059661760, + -4294704507885446054400, 14303908928401362270000, + -34894474126569249192000, 62810053427824648545600, + -83243376594051600326400, 80177044485212743068000, + -54558343880470209780000, 24851882355348879230400, + -6797096028813368678400, 843736746632215035600], + [-2258997839280, 600545887119360, -39732544853164800, + 1153715376477081600, -18454939322943942000, 183420385176741672960, + -1217424500995626443520, 5649058909023744614400, + -18866974090684772052000, 46141453390504792320000, + -83243376594051600326400, 110552468520163390156800, + -106681852579497947388000, 72720410752415168870400, + -33177973900974346080000, 9087761081682520473600, + -1129631016152221783200], + [2099709530100, -561522320049600, 37341234283298400, + -1089119333262870000, 17489975175339030000, + -174433352415381259200, 1161358898976091015200, + -5403874060541811254400, 18093328327706957325000, + -44349976506971935800000, 80177044485212743068000, + -106681852579497947388000, 103125790826848015808400, + -70409051543137015800000, 32171029219823375700000, + -8824053728865840192000, 1098252376814660067000], + [-1384423866000, 372133135180800, + -24857330514030000, 727848632044800000, -11728977435138600000, + 117339159519533952000, -783401860847777371200, + 3654352703663101440000, -12263364009096700500000, + 30121928988527376000000, -54558343880470209780000, + 72720410752415168870400, -70409051543137015800000, + 48142941226076592000000, -22027500987368499000000, + 6049545098753157120000, -753830033789944188000], + [613101997800, -165537539406000, + 11100752642520000, -326170262829600000, 5272370630081100000, + -52892422160973595200, 354015418167362952000, + -1655137020003255360000, 5565847995255512250000, + -13697025107665828500000, 24851882355348879230400, + -33177973900974346080000, 32171029219823375700000, + -22027500987368499000000, 10091416708498869000000, + -2774765838662800128000, 346146444087219270000], + [-163493866080, 44316454993920, -2982128117299200, + 87894302404608000, -1424711708039692800, + 14328529177999196160, -96120549902411274240, + 450325202737117593600, -1517208935002984080000, + 3740200989399948902400, -6797096028813368678400, + 9087761081682520473600, -8824053728865840192000, + 6049545098753157120000, -2774765838662800128000, + 763806510427609497600, -95382575704033754400], + [19835652870, -5395297580640, 364182586693200, -10763618673376800, + 174908803442373000, -1763080738699119840, 11851820521255194480, + -55630994283442749600, 187754605706619279900, + -463591619028689580000, 843736746632215035600, + -1129631016152221783200, 1098252376814660067000, + -753830033789944188000, 346146444087219270000, + -95382575704033754400, 11922821963004219300] + ]) + assert_array_equal(invhilbert(17, exact=True), invh17) + assert_allclose(invhilbert(17), invh17.astype(float), rtol=1e-12) + + def test_inverse(self): + for n in range(1, 10): + a = hilbert(n) + b = invhilbert(n) + # The Hilbert matrix is increasingly badly conditioned, + # so take that into account in the test + c = cond(a) + assert_allclose(a.dot(b), eye(n), atol=1e-15*c, rtol=1e-15*c) + + +class TestPascal: + + cases = [ + (1, array([[1]]), array([[1]])), + (2, array([[1, 1], + [1, 2]]), + array([[1, 0], + [1, 1]])), + (3, array([[1, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 3], + [1, 3, 6]]), + array([[1, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 0], + [1, 2, 1]])), + (4, array([[1, 1, 1, 1], + [1, 2, 3, 4], + [1, 3, 6, 10], + [1, 4, 10, 20]]), + array([[1, 0, 0, 0], + [1, 1, 0, 0], + [1, 2, 1, 0], + [1, 3, 3, 1]])), + ] + + def check_case(self, n, sym, low): + assert_array_equal(pascal(n), sym) + assert_array_equal(pascal(n, kind='lower'), low) + assert_array_equal(pascal(n, kind='upper'), low.T) + assert_array_almost_equal(pascal(n, exact=False), sym) + assert_array_almost_equal(pascal(n, exact=False, kind='lower'), low) + assert_array_almost_equal(pascal(n, exact=False, kind='upper'), low.T) + + def test_cases(self): + for n, sym, low in self.cases: + self.check_case(n, sym, low) + + def test_big(self): + p = pascal(50) + assert p[-1, -1] == comb(98, 49, exact=True) + + def test_threshold(self): + # Regression test. An early version of `pascal` returned an + # array of type np.uint64 for n=35, but that data type is too small + # to hold p[-1, -1]. The second assert_equal below would fail + # because p[-1, -1] overflowed. + p = pascal(34) + assert_equal(2*p.item(-1, -2), p.item(-1, -1), err_msg="n = 34") + p = pascal(35) + assert_equal(2.*p.item(-1, -2), 1.*p.item(-1, -1), err_msg="n = 35") + + +def test_invpascal(): + + def check_invpascal(n, kind, exact): + ip = invpascal(n, kind=kind, exact=exact) + p = pascal(n, kind=kind, exact=exact) + # Matrix-multiply ip and p, and check that we get the identity matrix. + # We can't use the simple expression e = ip.dot(p), because when + # n < 35 and exact is True, p.dtype is np.uint64 and ip.dtype is + # np.int64. The product of those dtypes is np.float64, which loses + # precision when n is greater than 18. Instead we'll cast both to + # object arrays, and then multiply. + e = ip.astype(object).dot(p.astype(object)) + assert_array_equal(e, eye(n), err_msg=f"n={n} kind={kind!r} exact={exact!r}") + + kinds = ['symmetric', 'lower', 'upper'] + + ns = [1, 2, 5, 18] + for n in ns: + for kind in kinds: + for exact in [True, False]: + check_invpascal(n, kind, exact) + + ns = [19, 34, 35, 50] + for n in ns: + for kind in kinds: + check_invpascal(n, kind, True) + + +def test_dft(): + m = dft(2) + expected = array([[1.0, 1.0], [1.0, -1.0]]) + assert_array_almost_equal(m, expected) + m = dft(2, scale='n') + assert_array_almost_equal(m, expected/2.0) + m = dft(2, scale='sqrtn') + assert_array_almost_equal(m, expected/sqrt(2.0)) + + x = array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 1]) + m = dft(8) + mx = m.dot(x) + fx = fft(x) + assert_array_almost_equal(mx, fx) + + +@make_xp_test_case(fiedler) +def test_fiedler(xp): + f = fiedler(xp.asarray([])) + assert xp_size(f) == 0 + + f = fiedler(xp.asarray([123.])) + xp_assert_equal(f, xp.asarray([[0.]])) + + f = fiedler(xp.arange(1, 7)) + des = xp.asarray([[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], + [1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4], + [2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3], + [3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2], + [4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 1], + [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]]) + xp_assert_equal(f, des) + + +def test_fiedler_companion(): + fc = fiedler_companion([]) + assert_equal(fc.size, 0) + fc = fiedler_companion([1.]) + assert_equal(fc.size, 0) + fc = fiedler_companion([1., 2.]) + assert_array_equal(fc, np.array([[-2.]])) + fc = fiedler_companion([1e-12, 2., 3.]) + assert_array_almost_equal(fc, companion([1e-12, 2., 3.])) + with assert_raises(ValueError): + fiedler_companion([0, 1, 2]) + fc = fiedler_companion([1., -16., 86., -176., 105.]) + assert_array_almost_equal(eigvals(fc), + np.array([7., 5., 3., 1.])) + + +class TestConvolutionMatrix: + """ + Test convolution_matrix vs. numpy.convolve for various parameters. + """ + + def create_vector(self, n, cpx): + """Make a complex or real test vector of length n.""" + x = np.linspace(-2.5, 2.2, n) + if cpx: + x = x + 1j*np.linspace(-1.5, 3.1, n) + return x + + def test_bad_n(self): + # n must be a positive integer + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='n must be a positive integer'): + convolution_matrix([1, 2, 3], 0) + + def test_empty_first_arg(self): + # first arg must have at least one value + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=r'len\(a\)'): + convolution_matrix([], 4) + + def test_bad_mode(self): + # mode must be in ('full', 'valid', 'same') + with pytest.raises(ValueError, match='mode.*must be one of'): + convolution_matrix((1, 1), 4, mode='invalid argument') + + @pytest.mark.parametrize('cpx', [False, True]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('na', [1, 2, 9]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('nv', [1, 2, 9]) + @pytest.mark.parametrize('mode', [None, 'full', 'valid', 'same']) + def test_against_numpy_convolve(self, cpx, na, nv, mode): + a = self.create_vector(na, cpx) + v = self.create_vector(nv, cpx) + if mode is None: + y1 = np.convolve(v, a) + A = convolution_matrix(a, nv) + else: + y1 = np.convolve(v, a, mode) + A = convolution_matrix(a, nv, mode) + y2 = A @ v + assert_array_almost_equal(y1, y2) + + +@pytest.mark.fail_slow(5) # `leslie` has an import in the function +@pytest.mark.parametrize('f, args', [(circulant, ()), + (companion, ()), + (convolution_matrix, (5, 'same')), + (fiedler, ()), + (fiedler_companion, ()), + (hankel, (np.arange(9),)), + (leslie, (np.arange(9),)), + (toeplitz, (np.arange(9),)), + ]) +def test_batch(f, args): + rng = np.random.default_rng(283592436523456) + batch_shape = (2, 3) + m = 10 + A = rng.random(batch_shape + (m,)) + + if f in {hankel}: + message = "Beginning in SciPy 1.19, multidimensional input will be..." + with pytest.warns(FutureWarning, match=message): + f(A, *args) + return + + res = f(A, *args) + ref = np.asarray([f(a, *args) for a in A.reshape(-1, m)]) + ref = ref.reshape(A.shape[:-1] + ref.shape[-2:]) + assert_allclose(res, ref) diff --git 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a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/._tests b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/._tests new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee537d225f1b1eed0d0f4ed0b171fdc63ca71d82 Binary files /dev/null and b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/._tests differ diff --git a/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/__init__.py b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2926dfa47f08093ad1aaf996d0abb561124b0dea --- /dev/null +++ b/.venv_haddock/lib/python3.12/site-packages/scipy/ndimage/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +""" +========================================================= +Multidimensional image processing (:mod:`scipy.ndimage`) +========================================================= + +.. currentmodule:: scipy.ndimage + +This package contains various functions for multidimensional image +processing. + + +Filters +======= + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + convolve - Multidimensional convolution + convolve1d - 1-D convolution along the given axis + correlate - Multidimensional correlation + correlate1d - 1-D correlation along the given axis + gaussian_filter + gaussian_filter1d + gaussian_gradient_magnitude + gaussian_laplace + generic_filter - Multidimensional filter using a given function + generic_filter1d - 1-D generic filter along the given axis + generic_gradient_magnitude + generic_laplace + laplace - N-D Laplace filter based on approximate second derivatives + maximum_filter + maximum_filter1d + median_filter - Calculates a multidimensional median filter + minimum_filter + minimum_filter1d + percentile_filter - Calculates a multidimensional percentile filter + prewitt + rank_filter - Calculates a multidimensional rank filter + sobel + uniform_filter - Multidimensional uniform filter + uniform_filter1d - 1-D uniform filter along the given axis + vectorized_filter + +Fourier filters +=============== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + fourier_ellipsoid + fourier_gaussian + fourier_shift + fourier_uniform + +Interpolation +============= + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + affine_transform - Apply an affine transformation + geometric_transform - Apply an arbitrary geometric transform + map_coordinates - Map input array to new coordinates by interpolation + rotate - Rotate an array + shift - Shift an array + spline_filter + spline_filter1d + zoom - Zoom an array + +Measurements +============ + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + center_of_mass - The center of mass of the values of an array at labels + extrema - Min's and max's of an array at labels, with their positions + find_objects - Find objects in a labeled array + histogram - Histogram of the values of an array, optionally at labels + label - Label features in an array + labeled_comprehension + maximum + maximum_position + mean - Mean of the values of an array at labels + median + minimum + minimum_position + standard_deviation - Standard deviation of an N-D image array + sum_labels - Sum of the values of the array + value_indices - Find indices of each distinct value in given array + variance - Variance of the values of an N-D image array + watershed_ift + +Morphology +========== + +.. autosummary:: + :toctree: generated/ + + binary_closing + binary_dilation + binary_erosion + binary_fill_holes + binary_hit_or_miss + binary_opening + binary_propagation + black_tophat + distance_transform_bf + distance_transform_cdt + distance_transform_edt + generate_binary_structure + grey_closing + grey_dilation + grey_erosion + grey_opening + iterate_structure + morphological_gradient + morphological_laplace + white_tophat + +""" + +# Copyright (C) 2003-2005 Peter J. Verveer +# +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +# are met: +# +# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +# +# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above +# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following +# disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided +# with the distribution. +# +# 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote +# products derived from this software without specific prior +# written permission. +# +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS +# OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED +# WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY +# DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE +# GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS +# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, +# WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING +# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS +# SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. + +# bring in the public functionality from private namespaces + +# mypy: ignore-errors + +from ._support_alternative_backends import * + +# adjust __all__ and do not leak implementation details +from . import _support_alternative_backends +__all__ = _support_alternative_backends.__all__ +del _support_alternative_backends, _ndimage_api, _delegators # noqa: F821 + + +# Deprecated namespaces, to be removed in v2.0.0 +from . import filters +from . import fourier +from . import interpolation +from . import measurements +from . import morphology + +from scipy._lib._testutils import PytestTester +test = PytestTester(__name__) +del PytestTester