import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Deque;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author anand.oza
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
        CPushpush solver = new CPushpush();
        solver.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }

    static class CPushpush {
        public void solve(int testNumber, InputReader in, PrintWriter out) {
            int n = in.nextInt();

            Deque<Integer> deque = new ArrayDeque<>();

            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                int a = in.nextInt();
                if (i % 2 == 0) {
                    deque.addLast(a);
                } else {
                    deque.addFirst(a);
                }
            }

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            if (n % 2 == 1) {
                while (!deque.isEmpty()) {
                    sb.append(deque.pollLast() + " ");
                }
            } else {
                while (!deque.isEmpty()) {
                    sb.append(deque.pollFirst() + " ");
                }
            }
            sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);

            out.println(sb);
        }

    }

    static class InputReader {
        public BufferedReader reader;
        public StringTokenizer tokenizer;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
        }

        public String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

    }
}

Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer sequence of length n, a_1, ..., a_n.
Let us consider performing the following n operations on an empty sequence b.

The i-th operation is as follows:

Append a_i to the end of b.

Reverse the order of the elements in b.

Find the sequence b obtained after these n operations.

Constraints

1 \leq n \leq 2\times 10^5

0 \leq a_i \leq 10^9

n and a_i are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
a_1 a_2 ... a_n

Output

Print n integers in a line with spaces in between.
The i-th integer should be b_i.

Sample Input 1

4
1 2 3 4

Sample Output 1

4 2 1 3

After step 1 of the first operation, b becomes: 1.

After step 2 of the first operation, b becomes: 1.

After step 1 of the second operation, b becomes: 1, 2.

After step 2 of the second operation, b becomes: 2, 1.

After step 1 of the third operation, b becomes: 2, 1, 3.

After step 2 of the third operation, b becomes: 3, 1, 2.

After step 1 of the fourth operation, b becomes: 3, 1, 2, 4.

After step 2 of the fourth operation, b becomes: 4, 2, 1, 3.

Thus, the answer is 4 2 1 3.

Sample Input 2

3
1 2 3

Sample Output 2

3 1 2

As shown above in Sample Output 1, b becomes 3, 1, 2 after step 2 of the third operation. Thus, the answer is 3 1 2.

Sample Input 3

1
1000000000

Sample Output 3

1000000000

Sample Input 4

6
0 6 7 6 7 0

Sample Output 4

0 6 6 0 7 7


import java.util.*;

class Main{
   public static void main(String[] args){

      Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

      Deque<Integer> q = new ArrayDeque<Integer>();

      int n = sc.nextInt();

      int a[] = new int[n];
      for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){
          a[i] = sc.nextInt();
      }

      if(n%2 == 0){
          for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){
             if(a[i]%2 == 1){
                 q.addLast(a[i]);
             }else{
                 q.addFirst(a[i]);
             }
          }
      }else{
          for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){
              if(a[i]%2 == 1){
                  q.addFirst(a[i]);
              }else{
                  q.addLast(a[i]);
              }
          }
      }

      while(!q.isEmpty()){
          System.out.print(q.poll());
          System.out.print(" ");
      }

      System.out.println();

   }
}

Global OOD problem IDs are disjoint from train, validation, and in-distribution test problem IDs.

Submitted source-code file size, in bytes.

Execution CPU time reported by official Project CodeNet metadata, in milliseconds.

Peak memory usage reported by official Project CodeNet metadata, in kilobytes.


import java.util.*;

public class Main {
  static long MOD = (long)Math.pow(10, 9) + 7;
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    int n = sc.nextInt();
    long[] kaijou = new long[n + 2];
    kaijou[0] = 1;
    for(int i = 1; i < n + 2; i++) {
      kaijou[i] = (kaijou[i - 1] * (long)i) % MOD;
    }
    int[] suuretu = new int[n + 1];
    long[] aho = new long[n + 1];
    for(int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++) {
      long a = sc.nextLong();
      aho[i] = a;
      suuretu[(int)a]++;
    }
    long u = 0;
    for(int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++) {
      if(suuretu[i] == 2) u = i;
    }
    int index = 0;
    int index2 = 0;
    boolean flg = true;
    for(int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++) {
      if(aho[i] == u) {
        if(flg) {
          flg = false;
          index = i;
        } else {
          index2 = i;
        }
      }
    }
    long unko = (long)(index + n - index2);
    long[] dp = new long[(int)(unko + 1)];
    long[] dp2 = new long[n + 2];
    for(int k = 0; k < unko + 1; k++) {
      long inv = func(kaijou[k], MOD - 2);
      long inv2 = func(kaijou[(int)unko - k], MOD - 2);
      long ret = (kaijou[(int)unko] * inv) % MOD;
      ret = (ret * inv2) % MOD;
      dp[k] = ret;
    }
    for(int k = 0; k < n + 2; k++) {
      long inv = func(kaijou[k], MOD - 2);
      long inv2 = func(kaijou[n + 1 - k], MOD - 2);
      long ret = (kaijou[n + 1] * inv) % MOD;
      ret = (ret * inv2) % MOD;
      dp2[k] = ret;
    }
    for(int k = 1; k <= n + 1; k++) {
      long ans = dp2[k];
      if(k >= 1) {
        if(ans >= dp[k - 1]) {
          ans -= dp[k - 1];
        } else {
          ans = (ans + MOD - dp[k - 1]) % MOD;
        }
      }
      System.out.println(ans);
    }
  }

  public static long func(long a, long x) {
    if(x == 0) return 1;
    long t = func(a, x / 2);
    long ret = (t * t) % MOD;
    if(x % 2 == 1) ret = (ret * a) % MOD;
    return ret;
  }
}

Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer sequence of length n+1, a_1,a_2,...,a_{n+1}, which consists of the n integers 1,...,n.
It is known that each of the n integers 1,...,n appears at least once in this sequence.

For each integer k=1,...,n+1, find the number of the different subsequences (not necessarily contiguous) of the given sequence with length k, modulo 10^9+7.

Notes

If the contents of two subsequences are the same, they are not separately counted even if they originate from different positions in the original sequence.

A subsequence of a sequence a with length k is a sequence obtained by selecting k of the elements of a and arranging them without changing their relative order. For example, the sequences 1,3,5 and 1,2,3 are subsequences of 1,2,3,4,5, while 3,1,2 and 1,10,100 are not.

Constraints

1 \leq n \leq 10^5

1 \leq a_i \leq n

Each of the integers 1,...,n appears in the sequence.

n and a_i are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n
a_1 a_2 ... a_{n+1}

Output

Print n+1 lines.
The k-th line should contain the number of the different subsequences of the given sequence with length k, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

3
1 2 1 3

Sample Output 1

3
5
4
1

There are three subsequences with length 1: 1 and 2 and 3.

There are five subsequences with length 2: 1,1 and 1,2 and 1,3 and 2,1 and 2,3.

There are four subsequences with length 3: 1,1,3 and 1,2,1 and 1,2,3 and 2,1,3.

There is one subsequence with length 4: 1,2,1,3.

Sample Input 2

1
1 1

Sample Output 2

1
1

There is one subsequence with length 1: 1.

There is one subsequence with length 2: 1,1.

Sample Input 3

32
29 19 7 10 26 32 27 4 11 20 2 8 16 23 5 14 6 12 17 22 18 30 28 24 15 1 25 3 13 21 19 31 9

Sample Output 3

32
525
5453
40919
237336
1107568
4272048
13884156
38567100
92561040
193536720
354817320
573166440
818809200
37158313
166803103
166803103
37158313
818809200
573166440
354817320
193536720
92561040
38567100
13884156
4272048
1107568
237336
40920
5456
528
33
1

Be sure to print the numbers modulo 10^9+7.


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
import java.util.function.BinaryOperator;
import static java.lang.Math.max;
import static java.util.Arrays.sort;
import static java.util.Objects.isNull;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FastScanner fsc = new FastScanner();
        int n = fsc.nextInt();
        int m = fsc.nextInt();
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            a[i] = fsc.nextInt() - 1;
        }
        LazySegmentTree t = new LazySegmentTree(new long[m], Monoid.ADD, Monoid.ADD, Long::sum, (laz, l) -> laz * l);
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            int to = a[i];
            int fr = a[i - 1];
            if (fr < to) {
                t.applyForSegment(fr + 2, to + 1, 1);
                t.applyForSegment(to + 1, to + 2, -(to - fr - 1));
            } else {
                t.applyForSegment(fr + 2, m, 1);
                t.applyForSegment(0, 1, m - fr - 1);
                t.applyForSegment(1, to + 1, 1);
                t.applyForSegment(to + 1, to + 2, -(to + m - fr - 1));
            }
        }
        long max = 0;
        for (int x = 0; x < m; x++) {
            max = max(max, t.query(0, x + 1));
        }
        long sum = 0;
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
            if (a[i] > a[i - 1]) {
                sum += a[i] - a[i - 1];
            } else {
                sum += a[i] + m - a[i - 1];
            }
        }
        System.out.println(sum - max);
    }
}

class FastScanner {
    private final InputStream in = System.in;
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int buflen = 0;
    private boolean hasNextByte() {
        if (ptr < buflen) {
            return true;
        }else{
            ptr = 0;
            try {
                buflen = in.read(buffer);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (buflen <= 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
    private int readByte() { if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++]; else return -1;}
    private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) { return 33 <= c && c <= 126;}
    public boolean hasNext() { while(hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++; return hasNextByte();}
    public String next() {
        if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int b = readByte();
        while(isPrintableChar(b)) {
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
    public long nextLong() {
        if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
        long n = 0;
        boolean minus = false;
        int b = readByte();
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
            throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        while(true){
            if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
                n *= 10;
                n += b - '0';
            }else if(b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)){
                return minus ? -n : n;
            }else{
                throw new NumberFormatException();
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }
    public int nextInt() {
        long nl = nextLong();
        if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE) throw new NumberFormatException();
        return (int) nl;
    }
    public double nextDouble() { return Double.parseDouble(next());}
}

class Range{
    public static final int MAX = +Const.IINF;
    public static final int MIN = -Const.IINF;
    private static final int E_LEFT = MAX;
    private static final int E_RIGHT = MAX;
    private static final int W_LEFT = MIN;
    private static final int W_RIGHT = MAX;
    public static final Range EMPTY = new Range(E_LEFT, E_RIGHT);
    public static final Range WHOLE = new Range(W_LEFT, W_RIGHT);

    public int left;
    public int right;

    public Range(int left, int right){
        if(left >= right){
            this.left = E_LEFT;
            this.right = E_RIGHT;
        } else{
            this.left = left;
            this.right = right;
        }
    }
    public boolean crosses(Range r){
        return this.left < r.right && r.left < this.right;
    }
    public boolean contains(Range r){
        if(this.isEmpty()) return false;
        if(r.isEmpty()) return true;
        return this.left <= r.left && r.right <= this.right;
    }
    public Range leftHalf(){
        if(this.isEmpty()) return EMPTY;
        return new Range(left, (left + right) >> 1);
    }
    public Range rightHalf(){
        if(this.isEmpty()) return EMPTY;
        return new Range((left + right) >> 1, right);
    }
    public int length(){
        return right - left;
    }
    public Range intersection(Range r){
        if(!this.crosses(r)) return EMPTY;
        return new Range(Math.max(this.left, r.left), Math.min(this.right, r.right));
    }
    public ArrayList<Range> union(Range r){
        ArrayList<Range> union = new ArrayList<>();
        if(this.isEmpty()){
            union.add(r);
        } else if(r.isEmpty()){
            union.add(this);
        } else if(this.crosses(r)){
            union.add(new Range(Math.min(this.left, r.left), Math.max(this.right, r.right)));
        } else {
            if(this.left < r.left){
                union.add(this);
                union.add(r);
            } else{
                union.add(r);
                union.add(this);
            }
        }
        return union;
    }
    public boolean isEmpty(){
        return this.equals(EMPTY);
    }
    public boolean nonEmpty(){
        return !this.isEmpty();
    }

    public static boolean crosses(Range r1, Range r2){
        return r1.crosses(r2);
    }
    public static Range leftHalf(Range r){
        return r.leftHalf();
    }
    public static Range rightHalf(Range r){
        return r.rightHalf();
    }
    public static int length(Range r){
        return r.length();
    }
    public static Range interSection(Range... rs){
        Range ret = WHOLE;
        for(Range r: rs) ret = ret.intersection(r);
        return ret;
    }
    public static ArrayList<Range> union(Range... rs){
        sort(rs, (u, v) -> Integer.compare(u.left, v.left));
        ArrayList<Range> union = new ArrayList<>();
        Range now = null;
        for(Range r: rs){
            if(r.isEmpty()) break;
            if(isNull(now)){
                now = r;
            } else{
                if(r.left <= now.right){
                    now.right = r.right;
                } else{
                    union.add(now);
                    now = r;
                }
            }
        }
        if(!isNull(now) && !now.equals(EMPTY)) union.add(now);
        if(union.isEmpty()) union.add(EMPTY);
        return union;
    }
    public static boolean isEmpty(Range r){
        return r.isEmpty();
    }
    public static boolean nonEmpty(Range r){
        return r.nonEmpty();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o){
        if(this == o) {
            return true;
        } else if(!(o instanceof Range)) {
            return false;
        } else {
            Range r = (Range) o;
            return this.left == r.left && this.right == r.right;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int hashCode(){
        return Objects.hash(left, right);
    }
    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "["+left+", "+right+")";
    }
}

class LazySegmentTree {
    private long[] tree;
    private long[] lazy;
    private final long e;
    private final long lazyIdElm;
    private final BinaryOperator<Long> operator;
    private final BinaryOperator<Long> lazyOperator;
    private final BinaryOperator<Long> appFunc;
    private final BiFunction<Long, Integer, Long> mergeLazy;
    private final int size;
    private final int leafs;
    private final int height;
    private final int baseOfLeaf;

    public LazySegmentTree(long[] t, Monoid<Long> monoid, Monoid<Long> lazyMonoid, BinaryOperator<Long> appFunc, BiFunction<Long, Integer, Long> mergeLazy) {
        int n = t.length;
        this.operator = monoid.operator;
        this.e = monoid.e;
        this.lazyOperator = lazyMonoid.operator;
        this.lazyIdElm = lazyMonoid.e;
        this.appFunc = appFunc;
        this.mergeLazy = mergeLazy;
        this.height = MathUtil.minimumExponent(n);
        this.leafs = 1 << this.height;
        this.baseOfLeaf = this.leafs - 1;
        this.size = 2 * this.leafs - 1;
        this.lazy = new long[this.size];
        Arrays.fill(this.lazy, this.lazyIdElm);
        this.tree = new long[this.size];
        for (int i = this.size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (i >= this.baseOfLeaf + n) {
                this.tree[i] = this.e;
            } else if (isLeaf(i)) {
                this.tree[i] = t[i - this.baseOfLeaf];
            } else {
                this.tree[i] = this.operator.apply(this.tree[left(i)], this.tree[right(i)]);
            }
        }
    }

    public void applyForSegment(int l, int r, long v) {
        applyForSegment(new Range(l, r), 0, new Range(0, leafs), v);
    }

    private void applyForSegment(Range queryRange, int k, Range treeRange, long v) {
        evaluate(k, treeRange);
        if (queryRange.crosses(treeRange)) {
            if (queryRange.contains(treeRange)) {
                lazy[k] = lazyOperator.apply(lazy[k], v);
                evaluate(k, treeRange);
            } else {
                int left = left(k);
                int right = right(k);
                applyForSegment(queryRange, left, treeRange.leftHalf(), v);
                applyForSegment(queryRange, right, treeRange.rightHalf(), v);
                tree[k] = operator.apply(tree[left], tree[right]);
            }
        }
    }

    public void applyForPoint(int i, long v) {
        tree[baseOfLeaf + i] = appFunc.apply(tree[baseOfLeaf + i], mergeLazy.apply(v, 1));
    }

    public long query(int l, int r) {
        return query(new Range(l, r), 0, new Range(0, leafs));
    }

    private long query(Range queryRange, int k, Range treeRange) {
        evaluate(k, treeRange);
        if (!queryRange.crosses(treeRange)) {
            return e;
        } else if (queryRange.contains(treeRange)) {
            return tree[k];
        } else {
            long left = query(queryRange, left(k), treeRange.leftHalf());
            long right = query(queryRange, right(k), treeRange.rightHalf());
            return operator.apply(left, right);
        }
    }

    private void evaluate(int k, Range r) {
        if (lazy[k] != lazyIdElm) {
            if (!isLeaf(k)) {
                lazy[left(k)] = lazyOperator.apply(lazy[left(k)], lazy[k]);
                lazy[right(k)] = lazyOperator.apply(lazy[right(k)], lazy[k]);
            }
            tree[k] = appFunc.apply(tree[k], mergeLazy.apply(lazy[k], r.length()));
            lazy[k] = lazyIdElm;
        }
    }

    private boolean isLeaf(int i) {
        return i >= baseOfLeaf;
    }

    private int left(int k) {
        return 2 * k + 1;
    }

    private int right(int k) {
        return 2 * k + 2;
    }

    public String toString() {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int h = 0; h <= height; h++) {
            for (int i = (1 << h) - 1; i < (1 << (h + 1)) - 1; i++) {
                sb.append(tree[i]).append(" ");
            }
            sb.append('\n');
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

class Monoid<T> {
    public static final Monoid<Long> ADD = new Monoid<>( 0l, (u, v) -> u + v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> MAX = new Monoid<>(-Const.LINF, (u, v) -> u >= v ? u : v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> MIN = new Monoid<>( Const.LINF, (u, v) -> u <= v ? u : v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> RW  = new Monoid<>( Const.LINF, (u, v) -> v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> AND = new Monoid<>(-1l, (u, v) -> u & v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> OR  = new Monoid<>( 0l, (u, v) -> u | v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> XOR = new Monoid<>( 0l, (u, v) -> u ^ v);
    public static final Monoid<Long> GCD = new Monoid<>( 0l, (u, v) -> MathUtil.gcd(u, v));
    public static final Monoid<Long> ADD_MOD = new Monoid<>( 0l, (u, v) -> {
        long sum = u + v;
        if (sum < 0) {
            sum += Const.MOD;
        } else if (sum >= Const.MOD) {
            sum -= Const.MOD;
        }
        return sum;
    });
    public static final Monoid<Long> MUL_MOD = new Monoid<>( 1l, (u, v) -> (u * v) % Const.MOD);

    public T e;
    public BinaryOperator<T> operator;

    public Monoid(T e, BinaryOperator<T> operator) {
        this.e = e;
        this.operator = operator;
    }
}

class MathUtil{
    /**
     * Enumarate primes equal to or less than n.
     * @param n
     * @return {@code ArrayList} that holds primes.
     */
    public static ArrayList<Integer> eratosthenes(int n) {
        int[] div = eratosthenesDivisors(n);
        ArrayList<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) if (div[i] == i) result.add(i);
        return result;
    }
    /**
     * execute eratosthenes's prime-enumerate algorithm. a[i] holds the greatest
     * divisor of i. if a[i] = i, i is a prime number. This arrary enables you to
     * prime-factorize in O(log n) time.
     * @param n
     * @return divisor array.
     */
    public static int[] eratosthenesDivisors(int n) {
        int[] divisors = new int[n + 1];
        if (n <= 0) return null;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            if ((i & 1) != 0) divisors[i] = i;
            else divisors[i] = 2;
        }
        for (int i = 3; i <= n; i += 2) {
            if (divisors[i] == i) {
                for (long j = (long) i * i; j <= n; j += i << 1) {
                    divisors[(int) j] = i;
                }
            }
        }
        return divisors;
    }

    /**
     * Caluculate prime-factorization in O(sqrt(n)) time.
     * @param n
     * @return {@code HashMap} of {prime: index}
     */
    public static HashMap<Long, Integer> primeFactorization(long n) {
        HashMap<Long, Integer> primes = new HashMap<>();
        for (long p = 2; p * p <= n; p++) {
            int q = 0;
            while (n % p == 0) {
                n /= p;
                q++;
            }
            if (q > 0) primes.put(p, q);
        }
        if (n > 1) primes.put(n, 1);
        return primes;
    }

    private static HashMap<Long, Integer> lcm(HashMap<Long, Integer> amap, HashMap<Long, Integer> bmap) {
        if (amap.size() < bmap.size()) return lcm(bmap, amap);
        HashMap<Long, Integer> lcm = amap;
        for (Map.Entry<Long, Integer> e : bmap.entrySet()) {
            long prime = e.getKey();
            if (lcm.containsKey(prime)) lcm.put(prime, Math.max(lcm.get(prime), e.getValue()));
            else lcm.put(prime, e.getValue());
        }
        return lcm;
    }
    private static HashMap<Long, Integer> lcm(HashMap<Long, Integer> amap, long b) {
        HashMap<Long, Integer> bmap = primeFactorization(b);
        return lcm(amap, bmap);
    }
    public static HashMap<Long, Integer> lcm(long... a) {
        HashMap<Long, Integer> amap = new HashMap<>();
        for (long c : a) amap = lcm(amap, c);
        return amap;
    }

    /**
     * calculate lcm(a, b) fast. (NOT considering overflow.)
     */
    public static long unsafeLCM(long a, long b) {
        return a * b / gcd(a, b);
    }

    /**
     * Caluculate the GCD of (a, b)/
     *
     * @param a first value
     * @param b second value
     * @return GCD(a, b)
     */
    public static long gcd(long a, long b) {
        if (a < b) return gcd(b, a);
        if (b == 0) return a;
        if (a == 0) return b;
        long r = a % b;
        while (r != 0) {
            a = b;
            b = r;
            r = a % b;
        }
        return b;
    }
    public static long gcd(long... a){
        long gcd = 0;
        for (long c : a) gcd = gcd(gcd, c);
        return gcd;
    }
    /**
     * Return one of the solutions to {@code ax+by=gcd(a, b)}.
     * @return {@code x}, {@code y}, {@code gcd(a, b)}.
     * @param a a of ax+by=gcd(a, b).
     * @param b b of ax+by=gcd(a, b). class ReferenceLong is a reference type of long.
     */
    public static long[] extGCD(long a, long b) {
        ReferenceLong x = new ReferenceLong();
        ReferenceLong y = new ReferenceLong();
        long[] ret = new long[3];
        ret[2] = extGCD(a, b, x, y);
        ret[0] = x.v;
        ret[1] = y.v;
        return ret;
    }
    private static long extGCD(long a, long b, ReferenceLong x, ReferenceLong y) {
        if (b == 0) {
            x.v = 1;
            y.v = 0;
            return a;
        }
        long d = extGCD(b, a % b, y, x);
        y.v -= a / b * x.v;
        return d;
    }
    private static class ReferenceLong {
        long v = 0;
    }

    public static boolean isPowerOfTwo(long n) {
        return (-n & n) == n;
    }

    public static int minimumExponent(long n) {
        return 63 - Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(n) + (isPowerOfTwo(n) ? 0 : 1);
    }

    public static int minimumExponent(int n) {
        return 31 - Integer.numberOfLeadingZeros(n) + (isPowerOfTwo(n) ? 0 : 1);
    }

    public static int minimumExponent(long n, int base) {
        if (base == 2) {
            return minimumExponent(n);
        }
        int i = 0;
        long m = 1;
        while (m < n) {
            i++;
            long r = m * base;
            if ((m | base) >> 31 != 0 && r / base != m) {
                break;
            }
            m = r;
        }
        return i;
    }

    /**
     * caluculate a ^ b NOT considering overflow.
     * so if you want to calculate a ^ b (mod p), use ModUtil.pow(a, b).
     * @param a base
     * @param b exponent
     * @return a ^ b
     */
    public static long pow(int a, int b) {
        if (b == 0) return 1;
        long half = pow(a, b >> 1);
        return half * half * ((b & 1) != 0 ? a : 1);
    }
}

class Const {
    public static final long MOD7 = 1_000_000_007;
    public static final long MOD9 = 1_000_000_009;
    public static final long MOD99 = 998_244_353;
    public static long MOD = MOD7;

    public static final long LINF = 1_000_000_000_000_000_000l;
    public static final int IINF = 1_000_000_000;

    public static void setMod(long mod) {
        MOD = mod;
    }
}

Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

Snuke is buying a lamp.
The light of the lamp can be adjusted to m levels of brightness, represented by integers from 1 through m, by the two buttons on the remote control.

The first button is a "forward" button. When this button is pressed, the brightness level is increased by 1, except when the brightness level is m, in which case the brightness level becomes 1.

The second button is a "favorite" button. When this button is pressed, the brightness level becomes the favorite brightness level x, which is set when the lamp is purchased.

Snuke is thinking of setting the favorite brightness level x so that he can efficiently adjust the brightness.
He is planning to change the brightness n-1 times. In the i-th change, the brightness level is changed from a_i to a_{i+1}. The initial brightness level is a_1.
Find the number of times Snuke needs to press the buttons when x is set to minimize this number.

Constraints

2 \leq n,m \leq 10^5

1 \leq a_i\leq m

a_i \neq a_{i+1}

n, m and a_i are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

n m
a_1 a_2 … a_n

Output

Print the minimum number of times Snuke needs to press the buttons.

Sample Input 1

4 6
1 5 1 4

Sample Output 1

5

When the favorite brightness level is set to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, Snuke needs to press the buttons 8, 9, 7, 5, 6 and 9 times, respectively.
Thus, Snuke should set the favorite brightness level to 4.
In this case, the brightness is adjusted as follows:

In the first change, press the favorite button once, then press the forward button once.

In the second change, press the forward button twice.

In the third change, press the favorite button once.

Sample Input 2

10 10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Sample Output 2

45


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

class UnionFind{
	int Parent[];
	UnionFind(int n){//Initialize by -1
		Parent=new int[n];
		Arrays.fill(Parent, -1);
	}
	int root(int A) {//In which tree is A?
		if(Parent[A]<0)return A;
		return Parent[A]=root(Parent[A]);
	}
	int size(int A) {//size of tree which is include A
		return -Parent[root(A)];
	}
	boolean connect(int A,int B) {//Connect A and B
		A=root(A);
		B=root(B);
		if(A==B) return false;
		if(size(A)<size(B)) {int C=0;C=B;B=A;A=C;}//SWAP
		Parent[A]+=Parent[B];
		Parent[B]=A;
		return true;
	}
}

public class Main {
	static FastScanner scan=new FastScanner();
	static Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
	static Random rand=new Random();
	static long mod=1000000007;
	static double eps=0.0000000001;
	static int big=Integer.MAX_VALUE;
	static long modlcm(long a,long b) {return a*b*modint(gcd(a,b),mod);}
	static long gcd (long a, long b) {return b>0?gcd(b,a%b):a;}
	static long lcm (long a, long b) {return a*b/gcd(a,b);}
	static int max(int a,int b) {return a>b?a:b;}
	static int min(int a,int b) {return a<b?a:b;}
	static long lmax(long a,long b) {return Math.max(a, b);}
	static long lmin(long a,long b) {return Math.min(a, b);}
	static long factorial(int i) {return i==1?1:i*factorial(i-1);}
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		int x=scan.nextInt();
		int a=scan.nextInt();
		int b=scan.nextInt();
		int can=a+x;
		if(a>=b) {
			System.out.println("delicious");
		}
		else if(can>=b) {
			System.out.println("safe");
		}
		else {
			System.out.println("dangerous");
		}

	}
	static int lower_bound(int a[],int key) {
		int right=a.length;
		int left=0;
		while(right-left>1) {
			int mid=(right+left)/2;
			if(a[mid]<key) {
				left=mid;
			}
			else {
				right=mid;
			}
		}
		return left;
	}
	static int upper_bound(int a[],int key) {
		int right=a.length;
		int left=0;
		while(right-left>1) {
			int mid=(right+left)/2;
			if(a[mid]<=key) {
				left=mid;
			}
			else {
				right=mid;
			}
		}
		return left;
	}
	static boolean isPrime (long n) {
		if (n==2) return true;
		if (n<2 || n%2==0) return false;
		double d = Math.sqrt(n);
		for (int i=3; i<=d; i+=2)if(n%i==0){return false;}
		return true;
	}
	static int upper_division(int a,int b) {
		if(a%b==0) {
			return a/b;
		}
		else {
			return a/b+1;
		}
	}
	static long lupper_division(long a,long b) {
		if(a%b==0) {
			return a/b;
		}
		else {
			return a/b+1;
		}
	}
	static int[] setArray(int a) {
		int b[]=new int[a];
		for(int i=0;i<a;i++) {
			b[i]=scan.nextInt();
		}
		return b;
	}
	static long[] lsetArray(int a) {
		long b[]=new long[a];
		for(int i=0;i<a;i++) {
			b[i]=scan.nextLong();
		}
		return b;
	}
	static String reverce(String str) {
		String strr="";
		for(int i=str.length()-1;i>=0;i--) {
			strr+=str.charAt(i);
		}
		return strr;
	}
	public static void printArray(int[] que) {
		for(int i=0;i<que.length-1;i++) {
			System.out.print(que[i]+" ");
		}
		System.out.println(que[que.length-1]);
	}
	public static int[][] doublesort(int[][]a) {
		Arrays.sort(a,(x,y)->Integer.compare(x[0],y[0]));
		return a;
	}
	public static long[][] ldoublesort(long[][]a) {
		Arrays.sort(a,(x,y)->Long.compare(x[0],y[0]));
		return a;
	}
	static long modpow(long x,long n,long mo) {
		long sum=1;
		while(n>0) {
			if((n&1)==1) {
				sum=sum*x%mo;
			}
			x=x*x%mo;
			n>>=1;
		}
		return sum;
	}
	public static char[] revch(char ch[]) {
		char ret[]=new char[ch.length];
		for(int i=ch.length-1,j=0;i>=0;i--,j++) {
			ret[j]=ch[i];
		}
		return ret;
	}
	public static int[] revint(int ch[]) {
		int ret[]=new int[ch.length];
		for(int i=ch.length-1,j=0;i>=0;i--,j++) {
			ret[j]=ch[i];
		}
		return ret;
	}
	public static void warshall_floyd(int v[][],int n) {
		for(int k=0;k<n;k++)
			for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
				for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
					v[i][j]=min(v[i][j],v[i][k]+v[k][j]);
	}
	public static long modint(long a,long m) {
		long b=m,u=1,v=0;
		while(b!=0) {
			long t=a/b;
			a-=t*b;
			long x=a;
			a=b;
			b=x;

			u-=t*v;
			x=u;
			u=v;
			v=x;
		}
		u%=m;
		if(u<0)u+=m;
		return u;
	}
}
class FastScanner {
	private final InputStream in = System.in;
	private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
	private int ptr = 0;
	private int buflen = 0;
	private boolean hasNextByte() {
		if (ptr < buflen) {
			return true;
		}else{
			ptr = 0;
			try {
				buflen = in.read(buffer);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if (buflen <= 0) {
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}
	private int readByte() { if (hasNextByte()) return buffer[ptr++]; else return -1;}
	private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) { return 33 <= c && c <= 126;}
	public boolean hasNext() { while(hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr])) ptr++; return hasNextByte();}
	public String next() {
		if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		int b = readByte();
		while(isPrintableChar(b)) {
			sb.appendCodePoint(b);
			b = readByte();
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	public long nextLong() {
		if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException();
		long n = 0;
		boolean minus = false;
		int b = readByte();
		if (b == '-') {
			minus = true;
			b = readByte();
		}
		if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
			throw new NumberFormatException();
		}
		while(true){
			if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
				n *= 10;
				n += b - '0';
			}else if(b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)){
				return minus ? -n : n;
			}else{
				throw new NumberFormatException();
			}
			b = readByte();
		}
	}
	public int nextInt() {
		long nl = nextLong();
		if (nl < Integer.MIN_VALUE || nl > Integer.MAX_VALUE) throw new NumberFormatException();
		return (int) nl;
	}
	public double nextDouble() { return Double.parseDouble(next());}
	public char nextchar() {
		try { return (char)System.in.read(); } catch(Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}
}

Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

Takahashi has a strong stomach. He never gets a stomachache from eating something whose "best-by" date is at most X days earlier.
He gets a stomachache if the "best-by" date of the food is X+1 or more days earlier, though.

Other than that, he finds the food delicious if he eats it not later than the "best-by" date. Otherwise, he does not find it delicious.

Takahashi bought some food A days before the "best-by" date, and ate it B days after he bought it.

Write a program that outputs delicious if he found it delicious, safe if he did not found it delicious but did not get a stomachache either, and dangerous if he got a stomachache.

Constraints

1 ≤ X,A,B ≤ 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

X A B

Output

Print delicious if Takahashi found the food delicious; print safe if he neither found it delicious nor got a stomachache; print dangerous if he got a stomachache.

Sample Input 1

4 3 6

Sample Output 1

safe

He ate the food three days after the "best-by" date. It was not delicious or harmful for him.

Sample Input 2

6 5 1

Sample Output 2

delicious

He ate the food by the "best-by" date. It was delicious for him.

Sample Input 3

3 7 12

Sample Output 3

dangerous

He ate the food five days after the "best-by" date. It was harmful for him.


import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        int x = sc.nextInt();
        int a = sc.nextInt();
        int b = sc.nextInt();

        sc.close();

        if (a >= b) {
            System.out.println("delicious");
        } else if (a + x >= b) {
            System.out.println("safe");
        } else {
            System.out.println("dangerous");
        }
    }
}


import java.util.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.io.*;
class Main{
	public static InputReader sc;
    public static PrintWriter out;
    public static final long MOD = (long)1e9 + 7L;
    public static void main(String[] args){
    	sc=new InputReader(System.in);
    	out=new PrintWriter(System.out);
    	int n=sc.nextInt();
    	ArrayList<Pair> l=new ArrayList<Pair>();
    	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    		int u=sc.nextInt();
    		int v=sc.nextInt();
    		l.add(new Pair(i,u,v));
    	}
    	Collections.sort(l, Pair.ValX);
    	PriorityQueue<Edge> q=new PriorityQueue<Edge>(new Comparator<Edge>(){
    		public int compare(Edge e1,Edge e2){
    			return e1.dis-e2.dis;
    		}
    	});
    	for(int i=0;i<l.size()-1;i++){
    		q.add(new Edge(l.get(i).index,l.get(i+1).index,Math.min(Math.abs(l.get(i).x-l.get(i+1).x),Math.abs(l.get(i).y-l.get(i+1).y))));
    	}
    	Collections.sort(l,Pair.ValY);
    	for(int i=0;i<l.size()-1;i++){
    		q.add(new Edge(l.get(i).index,l.get(i+1).index,Math.min(Math.abs(l.get(i).x-l.get(i+1).x),Math.abs(l.get(i).y-l.get(i+1).y))));
    	}
    	DisjointSet dis=new DisjointSet(n);
    	int ans=0;
    	while(!q.isEmpty()){
    		Edge e=q.poll();
    		if(dis.parent(e.u)!=dis.parent(e.v)){
    			dis.union(e.u, e.v);
    			ans+=e.dis;
    		}
    	}
    	out.println(ans);
    	out.close();
    }
    static class Edge{
    	int u;
    	int v;
    	int dis;
    	Edge(int u,int v,int dis){
    		this.u=u;
    		this.v=v;
    		this.dis=dis;
    	}
    }
   static class Pair{
	   int index;
	   int x;
	   int y;
	   Pair(int index,int x,int y){
		   this.x=x;
		   this.y=y;
		   this.index=index;
	   }
	   public static Comparator<Pair> ValX=new Comparator<Pair>(){
  		public int compare(Pair p1,Pair p2){
   			return p1.x-p2.x;
   		}
   		};
   		public static Comparator<Pair> ValY=new Comparator<Pair>(){
   			public int compare(Pair p1,Pair p2){
   				return p1.y-p2.y;
   			}
   		};
   }
//    static class Pair{
//    	String x;
//    	int y;
//    	Pair(){
//    		this.x="";
//    		this.y=-1;
//    	}
//    	Pair(String profit,int val,int count){
//    		this.x=profit;
//    		this.y=val;
//    	}
//    	public static Comparator<Pair> Val=new Comparator<Pair>(){
//    		public int compare(Pair p1,Pair p2){
//    			if(p1.x==p2.y){
//    				return p1.y-p2.y;
//    			}
//    			return (int)p1.x-(int)p2.x;
//    		}
//    	};
//    	public int hashCode() {
//    		final int prime = 31;
//    		int result = 1;
//    		result = prime * result + x;
//    		result = prime * result + x;
//    		return result;
//    	}
//    	public boolean equals(Object obj){
//    		if (this == obj)
//    	        return true;
//    	    if (!(obj instanceof Pair)) {
//    	        return false;
//    	    }
//
//    	    Pair p = (Pair) obj;
//    	    if(p.x!=this.x){
//    	    	return false;
//    	    }
//    	    else if(p.y!=p.y){
//    	    	return false;
//    	    }
//    	    return true;
//    	}
//    }
    static class DisjointSet{
    	int n;
    	int[] par;
    	int[] rank;
    	DisjointSet(int n){
    		this.n=n;
    		this.par=new int[n];
    		this.rank=new int[n];
    		makeSet();
    	}
    	void makeSet(){
    		for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
    			par[i]=i;
    			rank[i]=1;
    		}
    	}
    	void union(int x,int y){
    		int parX=parent(x);
    		int parY=parent(y);
    		if(parX!=parY){
    			if(rank[parX]>=rank[parY]){
    				rank[parX]+=rank[parY];
    				rank[parY]=0;
    				par[parY]=parX;
    			}
    			else{
    				rank[parY]+=rank[parX];
    				rank[parX]=0;
    				par[parX]=parY;
    			}
    		}
    	}
    	int parent(int c){
    		int i=c;
    		while(i!=par[i]){
    			i=par[i];
    		}
    		return i;
    	}
    }
    static int gcd(int a,int b){
    	if(b==0){
    		return a;
    	}
    	return gcd(b,a%b);

    }
    static int lcm(int a,int b){
    	int g;
    	if(a<b){
    		g=gcd(b,a);
    	}
    	else{
    		g=gcd(a,b);
    	}
    	return (a*b)/g;
    }
    static long bigmod ( long a, long p, long m ) {
        long res = 1 % m, x = a % m;
        while ( p>0 ) {
            if ( (p & 1)==1 ) res = ( res * x ) % m;
            x = ( x * x ) % m; p >>= 1;
        }
        return res;
    }
    static boolean isPrime(int n){
    	 if (n == 2)
    	        return true;
    	    for (long i = 2; i * i <= n; i++) {
    	        if (n % i == 0)
    	            return false;
    	    }
    	    return true;
    }

    static void shuffle(int[] A){
    	for(int i=A.length-1;i>0;i--){
    		int j=(int)(Math.random()*(i+1));
    		int temp=A[j];
    		A[j]=A[i];
    		A[i]=temp;
    	}
    }

//	public static class Node implements Comparable<Node>{
//	    int u;
//	    int v;
//	    public Node(){
//	    	;
//	    }
//	    public Node (int u, int v) {
//	    	this.u = u;
//	        this.v = v;
//	    }
//
//	    public void print() {
//	        out.println(v + " " + u + " ");
//	    }
//
//	    public int compareTo(Node n1){
//	    	return this.u-n1.u;
//	    }
//	}
	public static long pow(long base,long exp,long mod){
		if(exp==0){
			return 1;
		}
		if(exp==1){
			return base;
		}
		long temp=exp/2;
		long val=pow(base,temp,mod);
		long result=val*val;
		result=(result%mod);
		long AND=exp&1;
		if(AND==1){
			result*=base;
			result=(result%mod);
		}
		return result;
	}
	public static BigInteger pow(BigInteger base, BigInteger exp) {
	    if(exp.equals(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(0)))){
	        return new BigInteger(String.valueOf(1));
	    }
	    if(exp.equals(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(1))))
	        return base;
	    BigInteger temp=exp.divide(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(2)));
	    BigInteger val = pow(base, temp);
	    BigInteger result = val.multiply(val);
	    result=result.remainder(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(MOD)));
	    BigInteger AND=exp.and(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(1)));
	    if(AND.equals(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(1)))){
	        result = result.multiply(base);
	        result=result.remainder(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(MOD)));
	    }
	    return result;
	}

	static class InputReader {

	    private InputStream stream;
	    private byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
	    private int curChar, snumChars;
	    private SpaceCharFilter filter;

	    public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
	        this.stream = stream;
	    }

	    public int snext() {
	        if (snumChars == -1)
	            throw new InputMismatchException();
	        if (curChar >= snumChars) {
	            curChar = 0;
	            try {
	                snumChars = stream.read(buf);
	            } catch (IOException e) {
	                throw new InputMismatchException();
	            }
	            if (snumChars <= 0)
	                return -1;
	        }
	        return buf[curChar++];
	    }

	    public int nextInt() {
	        int c = snext();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	            c = snext();
	        int sgn = 1;
	        if (c == '-') {
	            sgn = -1;
	            c = snext();
	        }
	        int res = 0;
	        do {
	            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	                throw new InputMismatchException();
	            res *= 10;
	            res += c - '0';
	            c = snext();
	        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	        return res * sgn;
	    }

	    public long nextLong() {
	        int c = snext();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	            c = snext();
	        int sgn = 1;
	        if (c == '-') {
	            sgn = -1;
	            c = snext();
	        }
	        long res = 0;
	        do {
	            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
	                throw new InputMismatchException();
	            res *= 10;
	            res += c - '0';
	            c = snext();
	        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	        return res * sgn;
	    }

	    public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
	        int a[] = new int[n];
	        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	            a[i] = nextInt();
	        return a;
	    }

	    public String readString() {
	        int c = snext();
	        while (isSpaceChar(c))
	            c = snext();
	        StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
	        do {
	            res.appendCodePoint(c);
	            c = snext();
	        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
	        return res.toString();
	    }

	    public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
	        if (filter != null)
	            return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
	        return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
	    }

	    public interface SpaceCharFilter {
	        public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
	    }
	}

}

Score : 500 points

Problem Statement

There are N towns on a plane. The i-th town is located at the coordinates (x_i,y_i). There may be more than one town at the same coordinates.

You can build a road between two towns at coordinates (a,b) and (c,d) for a cost of min(|a-c|,|b-d|) yen (the currency of Japan). It is not possible to build other types of roads.

Your objective is to build roads so that it will be possible to travel between every pair of towns by traversing roads. At least how much money is necessary to achieve this?

Constraints

2 ≤ N ≤ 10^5

0 ≤ x_i,y_i ≤ 10^9

All input values are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
x_1 y_1
x_2 y_2
:
x_N y_N

Output

Print the minimum necessary amount of money in order to build roads so that it will be possible to travel between every pair of towns by traversing roads.

Sample Input 1

3
1 5
3 9
7 8

Sample Output 1

3

Build a road between Towns 1 and 2, and another between Towns 2 and 3. The total cost is 2+1=3 yen.

Sample Input 2

6
8 3
4 9
12 19
18 1
13 5
7 6

Sample Output 2

8


import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main {
	public static long frac[] = new long[100020];
	public static final int ZYY = 1000000007;
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
		int x = scan.nextInt();
		int y = scan.nextInt();
		scan.close();
		if (Math.abs(x - y) > 1) {
			System.out.println('0');
			return;
		}
		frac[0] = 1;
		for (int i = 1; i <= 100000; i++)
			frac[i] = frac[i - 1] * i % ZYY;
		long ans = frac[x] * frac[y] % ZYY;
		if (x == y) ans = ans * 2 % ZYY;
		System.out.println(ans);
		return;
	}
}

Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

Snuke has N dogs and M monkeys. He wants them to line up in a row.

As a Japanese saying goes, these dogs and monkeys are on bad terms. ("ken'en no naka", literally "the relationship of dogs and monkeys", means a relationship of mutual hatred.) Snuke is trying to reconsile them, by arranging the animals so that there are neither two adjacent dogs nor two adjacent monkeys.

How many such arrangements there are? Find the count modulo 10^9+7 (since animals cannot understand numbers larger than that).
Here, dogs and monkeys are both distinguishable. Also, two arrangements that result from reversing each other are distinguished.

Constraints

1 ≤ N,M ≤ 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N M

Output

Print the number of possible arrangements, modulo 10^9+7.

Sample Input 1

2 2

Sample Output 1

8

We will denote the dogs by A and B, and the monkeys by C and D. There are eight possible arrangements: ACBD, ADBC, BCAD, BDAC, CADB, CBDA, DACB and DBCA.

Sample Input 2

3 2

Sample Output 2

12

Sample Input 3

1 8

Sample Output 3

0

Sample Input 4

100000 100000

Sample Output 4

530123477


import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author prakharjain
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
        OutputWriter out = new OutputWriter(outputStream);
        agc016c solver = new agc016c();
        solver.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }

    static class agc016c {
        public void solve(int testNumber, InputReader in, OutputWriter out) {
            int r = in.nextInt();
            int c = in.nextInt();

            int h = in.nextInt();
            int w = in.nextInt();

            int neg = -h * w;

            int[][] ans = new int[r][c];

            for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < c; j++) {
                    ans[i][j] = 1;
                }
            }

            for (int i = h - 1; i < r; i += h) {
                for (int j = w - 1; j < c; j += w) {
                    ans[i][j] = neg;
                }
            }

            long sum = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < c; j++) {
                    sum += ans[i][j];
                }
            }

            if (sum > 0) {
                out.println("Yes");
                for (int i = 0; i < r; i++) {
                    for (int j = 0; j < c; j++) {
                        out.print(ans[i][j] + " ");
                    }
                    out.println();
                }
            } else {
                out.print("No");
            }
        }

    }

    static class InputReader {
        private InputStream stream;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private InputReader.SpaceCharFilter filter;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            this.stream = stream;
        }

        public static boolean isWhitespace(int c) {
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }

        public int read() {
            if (numChars == -1) {
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            }
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try {
                    numChars = stream.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                if (numChars <= 0) {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
                c = read();
            }
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            if (filter != null) {
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
            }
            return isWhitespace(c);
        }

        public interface SpaceCharFilter {
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);

        }

    }

    static class OutputWriter {
        private final PrintWriter writer;

        public OutputWriter(OutputStream outputStream) {
            writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream)));
        }

        public OutputWriter(Writer writer) {
            this.writer = new PrintWriter(writer);
        }

        public void print(Object... objects) {
            for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) {
                if (i != 0) {
                    writer.print(' ');
                }
                writer.print(objects[i]);
            }
        }

        public void println() {
            writer.println();
        }

        public void println(Object... objects) {
            print(objects);
            writer.println();
        }

        public void close() {
            writer.close();
        }

    }
}

Score : 700 points

Problem Statement

You are given four integers: H, W, h and w (1 ≤ h ≤ H, 1 ≤ w ≤ W).
Determine whether there exists a matrix such that all of the following conditions are held, and construct one such matrix if the answer is positive:

The matrix has H rows and W columns.

Each element of the matrix is an integer between -10^9 and 10^9 (inclusive).

The sum of all the elements of the matrix is positive.

The sum of all the elements within every subrectangle with h rows and w columns in the matrix is negative.

Constraints

1 ≤ h ≤ H ≤ 500

1 ≤ w ≤ W ≤ 500

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

H W h w

Output

If there does not exist a matrix that satisfies all of the conditions, print No.

Otherwise, print Yes in the first line, and print a matrix in the subsequent lines in the following format:

a_{11} ... a_{1W}
:
a_{H1} ... a_{HW}

Here, a_{ij} represents the (i,\ j) element of the matrix.

Sample Input 1

3 3 2 2

Sample Output 1

Yes
1 1 1
1 -4 1
1 1 1

The sum of all the elements of this matrix is 4, which is positive.
Also, in this matrix, there are four subrectangles with 2 rows and 2 columns as shown below. For each of them, the sum of all the elements inside is -1, which is negative.

Sample Input 2

2 4 1 2

Sample Output 2

No

Sample Input 3

3 4 2 3

Sample Output 3

Yes
2 -5 8 7
3 -5 -4 -5
2 1 -1 7


import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

public class Main{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		int r = sc.nextInt();
		int g = sc.nextInt();
		int b = sc.nextInt();

		int num = r*100 + g*10 + b;
		if(num%4 == 0){
			System.out.println("YES");
		}else{
			System.out.println("NO");
		}
	}
}

Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

AtCoDeer has three cards, one red, one green and one blue.

An integer between 1 and 9 (inclusive) is written on each card: r on the red card, g on the green card and b on the blue card.

We will arrange the cards in the order red, green and blue from left to right, and read them as a three-digit integer.

Is this integer a multiple of 4?

Constraints

1 ≤ r, g, b ≤ 9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

r g b

Output

If the three-digit integer is a multiple of 4, print YES (case-sensitive); otherwise, print NO.

Sample Input 1

4 3 2

Sample Output 1

YES

432 is a multiple of 4, and thus YES should be printed.

Sample Input 2

2 3 4

Sample Output 2

NO

234 is not a multiple of 4, and thus NO should be printed.


import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
import java.util.stream.LongStream;

public class Main {

    public Main() throws IOException {
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        new Main().solve();
    }

    //    private final InputStream in = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get("C:\\Users\\ryo.suzuki\\Downloads\\02.txt"));
    private final InputStream in = System.in;
    private final PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
    private final byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    private int ptr = 0;
    private int buflen = 0;

    private void solve() throws IOException {
        try {
//            solveA();
            solveB();
//            solveC();
//            solveD();
//            solveE();
//            solveF();
        } finally {
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
            }
            if (out != null) {
                out.flush();
                out.close();
            }
        }

    }

    // mods
    long MOD = (long) Math.pow(10, 9) + 7;

    private void solveA() {
        String s = next();
        out.println(s.substring(0, s.length() - 1) + "5");
    }

    private void solveB() {
        int n = nextInt();
        int[] a = IntStream.range(0, n).map(i -> nextInt()).toArray();
        Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<Integer>();
        int gold = 0;
        for (int aw : a) {
            if (aw < 400)
                set.add(1);
            else if (aw < 800)
                set.add(2);
            else if (aw < 1200)
                set.add(3);
            else if (aw < 1600)
                set.add(4);
            else if (aw < 2000)
                set.add(5);
            else if (aw < 2400)
                set.add(6);
            else if (aw < 2800)
                set.add(7);
            else if (aw < 3200)
                set.add(8);
            else
                gold++;
        }
        out.println(set.size() + " " + Math.min(set.size() + gold, 8));

    }

    private void solveC() {

    }

    private void solveD() {

    }

    private void solveE() {

    }

    private void solveF() {

    }

    static final long CONST_INF = Long.MAX_VALUE / 4;

    private static class VectorCalculation {
        /**
         * 点Pと線(AB)の距離
         *
         * @param p
         * @param a
         * @param b
         * @return
         */
        private double distanceDotAndLine(DoublePair p, DoublePair a, DoublePair b) {
            DoublePair ab = new DoublePair(b.x - a.x, b.y - a.y);
            DoublePair ap = new DoublePair(p.x - a.x, p.y - a.y);

            // ベクトルAB、APの外積の絶対値が平行四辺形Dの面積になる
            double d = Math.abs(crossVector(ab, ap));

            double l = distanceVertex(a, b); // AB間の距離

            double h = d / l;
            return h;
        }

        /**
         * 2点間距離
         *
         * @param p1
         * @param p2
         * @return
         */
        private double distanceVertex(DoublePair p1, DoublePair p2) {
            double dx = p1.x - p2.x;
            double dy = p1.y - p2.y;
            return Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
        }

        /**
         * ベクトル外積
         *
         * @param vl
         * @param vr
         * @return
         */
        private double crossVector(DoublePair vl, DoublePair vr) {
            return vl.x * vr.y - vl.y * vr.x;
        }
    }

    private static class DoublePair implements Comparable<DoublePair> {
        double x;
        double y;

        public DoublePair(double k, double v) {
            this.x = k;
            this.y = v;
        }

        public int compareTo(DoublePair pair) {
            return Double.compare(this.y, pair.y);
        }
    }

    private static class SimplePair implements Comparable<SimplePair> {
        long k;
        long v;

        public SimplePair(int k, int v) {
            this.k = k;
            this.v = v;
        }

        public SimplePair(long k, long v) {
            this.k = k;
            this.v = v;
        }

        public int compareTo(SimplePair pair) {
            return Long.compare(this.v, pair.v);
        }
    }

    private static class SimpleGraphNode {
        private int n;
        private Map<Integer, Integer> childs;

        public SimpleGraphNode(int n) {
            this.n = n;
            childs = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
        }

        public void addChild(int child, int d) {
            this.childs.put(child, d);
        }
    }

    private static class SimpleGraph {

        private Map<Integer, SimpleGraphNode> graph;

        public SimpleGraph(int[][] list) {
            graph = new HashMap<Integer, SimpleGraphNode>();
            Arrays.stream(list).forEach(l -> {
                int a = l[0];
                int b = l[1];
                int d = l[2];
                graph.put(a, graph.getOrDefault(a, new SimpleGraphNode(a)));
                graph.get(a).addChild(b, d);
                graph.put(b, graph.getOrDefault(b, new SimpleGraphNode(b)));
                graph.get(b).addChild(a, d);
            });
        }

        public SimpleGraphNode getNode(int i) {
            return graph.getOrDefault(i, new SimpleGraphNode(-1));
        }

    }

    private static class GraphNode {
        private long n;
        private Map<Long, SimplePair> childs;

        public GraphNode(long n) {
            this.n = n;
            childs = new TreeMap<Long, SimplePair>();
        }

        /**
         * not update
         *
         * @param child
         * @param d
         */
        public void addChild(long child, long d) {
            this.childs.put(child, this.childs.getOrDefault(child, new SimplePair(child, d)));
        }

        public SimplePair getChild(long child) {
            return this.childs.getOrDefault(child, new SimplePair(child, CONST_INF));
        }
    }

    private static class Graph {

        private Map<Long, GraphNode> graph;
        int n;

        /**
         * @param n    頂点数
         * @param list
         */
        public Graph(int n, int[][] list) {
            this.n = n;
            graph = new HashMap<Long, GraphNode>();
            /*
            隣接行列作成
            0-indexed
             */
            Arrays.stream(list).forEach(l -> {
                long a = l[0] - 1;
                long b = l[1] - 1;
                long d = l[2];
                graph.put(a, graph.getOrDefault(a, new GraphNode(a)));
                graph.get(a).addChild(b, d);
                graph.put(b, graph.getOrDefault(b, new GraphNode(b)));
                graph.get(b).addChild(a, d);
            });
            /*
            たどり着けない場所はCONST_INFで埋める
            自分へはCOST=0でたどり着ける
             */
            for (long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                graph.put(i, graph.getOrDefault(i, new GraphNode(i)));
                GraphNode node = graph.get(i);
                for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                    if (i == j)
                        node.addChild(j, 0L);
                    else
                        node.addChild(j, CONST_INF);
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * ワーシャルフロイド
         */
        public void warshallFloyd() {
            for (long k = 0; k < n; k++) {
                for (long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                    for (long j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                        long min = Math.min(graph.get(i).getChild(j).v, graph.get(i).getChild(k).v + graph.get(k).getChild(j).v);
                        graph.get(i).getChild(j).v = min;
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        public void partialUpdateAndWarshallFloyd(long x, long y, long w) {
            if (graph.get(x).getChild(y).v > w)
                graph.get(x).getChild(y).v = graph.get(y).getChild(x).v = w;
            long[] l = {x, y};
            for (long k : l) {
                for (long i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                    for (long j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                        if (graph.get(i).getChild(j).v > graph.get(i).getChild(k).v + graph.get(k).getChild(j).v) {
                            graph.get(i).getChild(j).v = graph.get(i).getChild(k).v + graph.get(k).getChild(j).v;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * 2点間の距離
         *
         * @param from
         * @param to
         * @return
         */
        public long getDistance(long from, long to) {
            return graph.get(from).getChild(to).v;
        }

    }

    public long calcSimpleCombination(long n, long m, long CONST_MOD) {
        long mole = 1;
        for (long i = 1; i <= n + m; i++) {
            mole *= i;
            mole %= CONST_MOD;
        }
        long deno = 1;
        for (long i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
            deno *= i;
            deno %= CONST_MOD;
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
            deno *= i;
            deno %= CONST_MOD;
        }
        deno = modInverse(deno, CONST_MOD);
        return (mole * deno) % CONST_MOD;
    }

    long abs(double x) {
        return (long) Math.abs(x);
    }

    long round(double x) {
        return Math.round(x);
    }

    long floor(double x) {
        return (long) Math.floor(x);
    }

    long ceil(double x) {
        return (long) Math.ceil(x);
    }

    double sqrt(double x) {
        return Math.sqrt(x);
    }

    double pow(double x, double y) {
        return Math.pow(x, y);
    }

    long pow(long x, long y) {
        return (long) Math.pow(x, y);
    }

    int gcd(int a, int b) {
        return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
    }

    long gcd(long a, long b) {
        return b == 0 ? a : gcd(b, a % b);
    }

    long lcm(long a, long b) {
        return a * b / gcd(a, b);
    }

    public long lcmMod(long... ab) {

        Map<Long, Long> ps = new HashMap<Long, Long>();

        for (int abl = 0; abl < ab.length; abl++) {
            long target = ab[abl];
            long l = target;
            for (long p = 2; p * p <= l; p++) {
                long cnt = 0;
                while (target > 1 && target % p == 0) {
                    cnt++;
                    target /= p;
                }
                if (cnt == 0)
                    continue;
                ps.put(p, Long.max(cnt, ps.getOrDefault(p, 0L)));
            }
            if (target > 1)
                ps.put(target, Long.max(1, ps.getOrDefault(target, 0L)));
        }
        long res = 1L;
        for (Map.Entry<Long, Long> e : ps.entrySet()) {
            res *= powMod(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
            res %= MOD;
        }
        return res;
    }

    int upperToInt(char a) {
        return a - 'A';
    }

    int lowerToInt(char a) {
        return a - 'a';
    }

    int numToInt(char a) {
        return a - '0';
    }

    int charToInt(char a) {
        return a >= 'a' ? lowerToInt(a) : a >= 'A' ? upperToInt(a) : numToInt(a);
    }

    char intToUpper(int a) {
        return (char) (a + 'A');
    }

    char intToLower(int a) {
        return (char) (a + 'a');
    }

    char intToNum(int a) {
        return (char) (a + '0');
    }

    void reverse(String array[]) {
        String reversed[] = new String[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            reversed[array.length - i - 1] = array[i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = reversed[i];
        }
    }

    void reverse(int array[]) {
        int reversed[] = new int[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            reversed[array.length - i - 1] = array[i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = reversed[i];
        }
    }

    void reverse(long array[]) {
        long reversed[] = new long[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            reversed[array.length - i - 1] = array[i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = reversed[i];
        }
    }

    void reverse(double array[]) {
        double reversed[] = new double[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            reversed[array.length - i - 1] = array[i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = reversed[i];
        }
    }

    void reverse(boolean array[]) {
        boolean reversed[] = new boolean[array.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            reversed[array.length - i - 1] = array[i];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
            array[i] = reversed[i];
        }
    }

    void fill(int array[][], int x) {
        for (int a[] : array) {
            Arrays.fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(long array[][], long x) {
        for (long a[] : array) {
            Arrays.fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(double array[][], double x) {
        for (double a[] : array) {
            Arrays.fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(boolean array[][], boolean x) {
        for (boolean a[] : array) {
            Arrays.fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(int array[][][], int x) {
        for (int a[][] : array) {
            fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(long array[][][], long x) {
        for (long a[][] : array) {
            fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(double array[][][], double x) {
        for (double a[][] : array) {
            fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    void fill(boolean array[][][], boolean x) {
        for (boolean a[][] : array) {
            fill(a, x);
        }
    }

    long L_INF = (long) 1e18 + 7;

    boolean isINF(long a) {
        return abs(a) > L_INF / 1000;
    }

    boolean isPlusINF(long a) {
        return a > 0 && isINF(a);
    }

    boolean isMinusINF(long a) {
        return isPlusINF(-a);
    }

    int I_INF = (int) 1e9 + 7;

    boolean isINF(int a) {
        return abs(a) > I_INF / 1000;
    }

    boolean isPlusINF(int a) {
        return a > 0 && isINF(a);
    }

    boolean isMinusINF(int a) {
        return isPlusINF(-a);
    }

    /**
     * 指定したx以下の素数をリストアップする
     */
    public long[] getPrimesUnderX(long x) {
        return LongStream.rangeClosed(2, x)
                .filter(i -> LongStream.rangeClosed(2, (long) Math.sqrt(i)).allMatch(j -> i % j != 0)).toArray();
    }

    public long mod(long i) {
        return i % MOD + ((i % MOD) < 0 ? MOD : 0);
    }

    long powMod(long x, long y) {
        if (y == 0) {
            return 1;
        } else {
            long tmp = powMod(x, y / 2);
            return mod(mod(tmp * tmp) * (y % 2 == 0 ? 1 : x));
        }
    }

    long inv(long x) {
        return powMod(x, MOD - 2);
    }

    int MAX_FACT = 5_000_100;
    long fact[];
    long invFact[];

    /**
     * Combination簡易版
     * 5 C 2
     * 異なる n個のものから r個を選ぶ組み合わせの総数 nCr を求めます。
     * 5!(5*4*3*2*1)
     * /
     * 2!(2*1) *  (5-2)!(3*2*1)
     *
     * @param n
     * @param r
     * @return
     */
    private long getComb(int n, int r) {
        long tmp = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i <= r; i++) {
            tmp *= n - i + 1;
            tmp = mod(tmp);
            tmp *= inv(i);
            tmp = mod(tmp);
        }
        return tmp;
    }

    /**
     * 階乗計算の事前累積和
     * [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, … FACTORIAL_NUM]
     * mod済
     */
    void prepareFact() {
        fact = new long[MAX_FACT];
        Arrays.fill(fact, 0);
        invFact = new long[MAX_FACT];
        Arrays.fill(invFact, 0);
        fact[0] = 1;
        int maxIndex = (int) min(MAX_FACT, (int) MOD);
        for (int i = 1; i < maxIndex; i++) {
            fact[i] = mod(fact[i - 1] * i);
        }
        invFact[maxIndex - 1] = inv(fact[maxIndex - 1]);
        for (int i = maxIndex - 1; i > 0; i--) {
            invFact[i - 1] = mod(invFact[i] * i);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 順列
     * nPk -> n! / (n-k)!
     *
     * @param n
     * @param r
     * @return
     */
    long permutation(int n, int r) {
        if (n < 0 || r < 0 || n < r) {
            return 0;
        }
        return mod(fact[n] * invFact[n - r]);
    }

    /**
     * 組み合わせ
     * nCk -> n! / k!・(n-k)!
     *
     * @param n
     * @param r
     * @return
     */
    long combination(int n, int r) {
        if (n < 0 || r < 0 || n < r) {
            return 0;
        }
        return mod(permutation(n, r) * invFact[r]);
    }

    /**
     * 重複組合せ nHr （同次積）
     * nHr = (n+r-1)Cr
     * 異なるn個のものから重複を許してr個取る組合せの総数
     * 例：
     * リンゴ，ミカン，牛肉の3種類の果物があります．これらの中から6個の食材を買って帰ります．
     * このとき，何通りの買い方がありますか？ただし，含まれない食材があってもよいものとします
     *
     * @param n
     * @param r
     * @return
     */
    long homogeneousProduct(int n, int r) {
        return combination((n - 1) + r, r);
    }

    /**
     * 多項係数
     * 文字aをp個,bをq個,cをr個, dをs個 あわせてn個を1列に並べるときの並べ方
     * n! / p!・q!・r!・s!
     *
     * @param n
     * @param strNum
     * @param mod
     * @return
     */

    /**
     * フェルマーの小定理を用いて逆元を求める。
     * ある数xのmod p（pは素数）の逆数x'はx' = x^(p-2)
     * 繰り返し二乗法を用いて計算する。
     * http://satanic0258.hatenablog.com/entry/2016/04/29/004730
     * {@link BigInteger#modInverse(BigInteger)}とどちらが速いか？
     *
     * @param x
     * @return
     */
    private long modInverse(long x, long mod) {
        long res = 1L;
        long k = mod - 2L;
        long y = x;
        while (k != 0) {
            if (k % 2 != 0) {
                res = (res * y) % mod;
            }
            y = (y * y) % mod;
            k /= 2;
        }
        return res;
    }

    private boolean hasNextByte() {
        if (ptr < buflen) {
            return true;
        } else {
            ptr = 0;
            try {
                buflen = in.read(buffer);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            if (buflen <= 0) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    private int readByte() {
        if (hasNextByte())
            return buffer[ptr++];
        else
            return -1;
    }

    private static boolean isPrintableChar(int c) {
        return 33 <= c && c <= 126;
    }

    private void skipUnprintable() {
        while (hasNextByte() && !isPrintableChar(buffer[ptr]))
            ptr++;
    }

    public boolean hasNext() {
        skipUnprintable();
        return hasNextByte();
    }

    public int nextInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }

    public String next() {
        if (!hasNext())
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        int b = readByte();
        while (isPrintableChar(b)) {
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public long nextLong() {
        if (!hasNext())
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        long n = 0;
        boolean minus = false;
        int b = readByte();
        if (b == '-') {
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }
        if (b < '0' || '9' < b) {
            throw new NumberFormatException();
        }
        while (true) {
            if ('0' <= b && b <= '9') {
                n *= 10;
                n += b - '0';
            } else if (b == -1 || !isPrintableChar(b)) {
                return minus ? -n : n;
            } else {
                throw new NumberFormatException();
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    public long min(long... v) {
        long min = Long.MAX_VALUE;
        for (long i : v) min = Math.min(min, i);
        return min;
    }

    public long max(long... v) {
        long max = Long.MIN_VALUE;
        for (long i : v) max = Math.max(max, i);
        return max;
    }
}

Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

In AtCoder, a person who has participated in a contest receives a color, which corresponds to the person's rating as follows:

Rating 1-399 : gray

Rating 400-799 : brown

Rating 800-1199 : green

Rating 1200-1599 : cyan

Rating 1600-1999 : blue

Rating 2000-2399 : yellow

Rating 2400-2799 : orange

Rating 2800-3199 : red

Other than the above, a person whose rating is 3200 or higher can freely pick his/her color, which can be one of the eight colors above or not.

Currently, there are N users who have participated in a contest in AtCoder, and the i-th user has a rating of a_i.

Find the minimum and maximum possible numbers of different colors of the users.

Constraints

1 ≤ N ≤ 100

1 ≤ a_i ≤ 4800

a_i is an integer.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
a_1 a_2 ... a_N

Output

Print the minimum possible number of different colors of the users, and the maximum possible number of different colors, with a space in between.

Sample Input 1

4
2100 2500 2700 2700

Sample Output 1

2 2

The user with rating 2100 is "yellow", and the others are "orange". There are two different colors.

Sample Input 2

5
1100 1900 2800 3200 3200

Sample Output 2

3 5

The user with rating 1100 is "green", the user with rating 1900 is blue and the user with rating 2800 is "red".

If the fourth user picks "red", and the fifth user picks "blue", there are three different colors. This is one possible scenario for the minimum number of colors.

If the fourth user picks "purple", and the fifth user picks "black", there are five different colors. This is one possible scenario for the maximum number of colors.

Sample Input 3

20
800 810 820 830 840 850 860 870 880 890 900 910 920 930 940 950 960 970 980 990

Sample Output 3

1 1

All the users are "green", and thus there is one color.


import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputReader in = new InputReader();
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        int test_cases = 1;
        Solver s = new Solver();
        for (int i = 1; i <= test_cases; i++)
            s.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }
    static class Solver {

        public void solve(int test_number, InputReader in, PrintWriter out) throws IOException {
            int n = in.nextInt();
            int[] a = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                a[i] = in.nextInt();
            }
            Arrays.sort(a);
            int sum = 0;
            for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                if ((sum + a[i]) % 10 == 0) continue;
                sum += a[i];
            }
            out.println(sum);
        }
    }
    static class InputReader {
        final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 16;
        private DataInputStream din;
        private byte[] buffer;
        private int bufferPointer, bytesRead;

        public InputReader()
        {
            din = new DataInputStream(System.in);
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public InputReader(String file_name) throws IOException
        {
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name));
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public String next() throws IOException {
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length
            int cnt = 0, c;
            while ((c = read()) != -1)
            {
                if (c == ' ' || c == '\n')
                    break;
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c;
            }
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt);
        }

        public String nextLine() throws IOException
        {
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length
            int cnt = 0, c;
            while ((c = read()) != -1)
            {
                if (c == '\n')
                    break;
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c;
            }
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt);
        }

        public int nextInt() throws IOException
        {
            int ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do
            {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }  while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public long nextLong() throws IOException
        {
            long ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        public double nextDouble() throws IOException
        {
            double ret = 0, div = 1;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ')
                c = read();
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg)
                c = read();

            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            }
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (c == '.')
            {
                while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9')
                {
                    ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10);
                }
            }

            if (neg)
                return -ret;
            return ret;
        }

        private void fillBuffer() throws IOException
        {
            bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
            if (bytesRead == -1)
                buffer[0] = -1;
        }

        private byte read() throws IOException
        {
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead)
                fillBuffer();
            return buffer[bufferPointer++];
        }

        public void close() throws IOException
        {
            if (din == null)
                return;
            din.close();
        }
    }
}

Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

You are taking a computer-based examination. The examination consists of N questions, and the score allocated to the i-th question is s_i. Your answer to each question will be judged as either "correct" or "incorrect", and your grade will be the sum of the points allocated to questions that are answered correctly. When you finish answering the questions, your answers will be immediately judged and your grade will be displayed... if everything goes well.

However, the examination system is actually flawed, and if your grade is a multiple of 10, the system displays 0 as your grade. Otherwise, your grade is displayed correctly. In this situation, what is the maximum value that can be displayed as your grade?

Constraints

All input values are integers.

1 ≤ N ≤ 100

1 ≤ s_i ≤ 100

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
s_1
s_2
:
s_N

Output

Print the maximum value that can be displayed as your grade.

Sample Input 1

3
5
10
15

Sample Output 1

25

Your grade will be 25 if the 10-point and 15-point questions are answered correctly and the 5-point question is not, and this grade will be displayed correctly. Your grade will become 30 if the 5-point question is also answered correctly, but this grade will be incorrectly displayed as 0.

Sample Input 2

3
10
10
15

Sample Output 2

35

Your grade will be 35 if all the questions are answered correctly, and this grade will be displayed correctly.

Sample Input 3

3
10
20
30

Sample Output 3

0

Regardless of whether each question is answered correctly or not, your grade will be a multiple of 10 and displayed as 0.


import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.StreamTokenizer;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class Main {
    static StreamTokenizer in=new StreamTokenizer(new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)));
    static PrintWriter out=new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));

    public static int nextInt()throws IOException {in.nextToken();return (int)in.nval;}
    public static long nextLong()throws IOException {in.nextToken(); return (long)in.nval;}
    public static String next()throws IOException {in.nextToken();return (String)in.sval;}

	static int[] a = new int[200100];
	static int[] num = new int[200100];
	static int[] b = new int[200100];
	static long[] sum = new long[200100];
	static long[] c = new long[200100];

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    	int n = nextInt(), k = nextInt();
    	num[1] = 1;
    	for (int i = 2; i <= n + 1; i++) {
    		sum[i] = sum[i - 1] + nextInt() - k;
    		num[i] = i;
    	}
    	qsort(1, n + 1);
    	for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++)
    		b[num[i]] = i;
    	long ans = 0;
    	for (int i = 1; i <= n + 1; i++) {
			int p = b[i];
			while (p > 0) {
				ans += c[p];
				p -= lowbit(p);
			}
			p = b[i];
			while (p <= n + 1) {
				c[p]++;
				p += lowbit(p);
			}
		}
    	out.println(ans);
    	out.flush();
    	out.close();
    }
    public static int lowbit(int x) {
    	return x & -x;
    }
    public static void qsort(int s, int t) {
    	long x = sum[(s + t) / 2];
    	int y = num[(s + t) / 2];
    	int i = s, j = t;
    	while (i < j) {
    		while (sum[i] < x || sum[i] == x && num[i] < y) i++;
    		while (sum[j] > x || sum[j] == x && num[j] > y) j--;
    		if (i <= j) {
    			long k = sum[i];
    			sum[i] = sum[j];
    			sum[j] = k;
    			int p = num[i];
    			num[i] = num[j];
    			num[j] = p;
    			i++;
    			j--;
    		}
    	}
    	if (i < t) qsort(i, t);
    	if (s < j) qsort(s, j);
    }
}

Score : 600 points

Problem Statement

You are given an integer sequence of length N, a = {a_1, a_2, …, a_N}, and an integer K.

a has N(N+1)/2 non-empty contiguous subsequences, {a_l, a_{l+1}, …, a_r} (1 ≤ l ≤ r ≤ N). Among them, how many have an arithmetic mean that is greater than or equal to K?

Constraints

All input values are integers.

1 ≤ N ≤ 2 \times 10^5

1 ≤ K ≤ 10^9

1 ≤ a_i ≤ 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N K
a_1
a_2
:
a_N

Output

Print the number of the non-empty contiguous subsequences with an arithmetic mean that is greater than or equal to K.

Sample Input 1

3 6
7
5
7

Sample Output 1

5

All the non-empty contiguous subsequences of a are listed below:

{a_1} = {7}

{a_1, a_2} = {7, 5}

{a_1, a_2, a_3} = {7, 5, 7}

{a_2} = {5}

{a_2, a_3} = {5, 7}

{a_3} = {7}

Their means are 7, 6, 19/3, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, and five among them are 6 or greater. Note that {a_1} and {a_3} are indistinguishable by the values of their elements, but we count them individually.

Sample Input 2

1 2
1

Sample Output 2

0

Sample Input 3

7 26
10
20
30
40
30
20
10

Sample Output 3

13


import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.*;
// import java.awt.Point;

public class Main {
    InputStream is;
    PrintWriter out;
    String INPUT = "";

    long MOD = 1_000_000_007;
    long inf = Long.MAX_VALUE;

    void solve(){
        long D = nl();
        long[] init = new long[18];
        init[0] = 1;
        for(int i = 1; i < 18; i++){
            init[i] = init[i-1]*10 + 1;
        }
        long ans = 0;
        if(D%9!=0){
            out.println(0);
            return;
        }
        D /= 9;
        long a = D;
        for(int i = 0; i < 18; i++){
            long s = init[i];
            int p = 1;
            long tmp = 1;
            for(int j = 0; j < 18; j++){
                long res = (D%(long)Math.pow(10,p))/(long)(Math.pow(10,p-1));
                D = D - s*res;
                if(j==0) tmp *= 9 - Math.abs(res);
                else tmp *= 10 - Math.abs(res);
                s = s / (long)Math.pow(10,p+1) * (long)Math.pow(10,p);
                p++;
                if(s==0) break;
            }
            if(i%2==1) tmp *= 10;
            if(D==0) ans += tmp;
            D = a;
        }
        out.println(ans);
    }

    void run() throws Exception
    {
        is = INPUT.isEmpty() ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes());
        out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
        solve();
        out.flush();
        if(!INPUT.isEmpty())tr(System.currentTimeMillis()-s+"ms");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { new Main().run(); }

    private byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024];
    private int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0;

    private int readByte()
    {
        if(lenbuf == -1)throw new InputMismatchException();
        if(ptrbuf >= lenbuf){
            ptrbuf = 0;
            try { lenbuf = is.read(inbuf); } catch (IOException e) { throw new InputMismatchException(); }
            if(lenbuf <= 0)return -1;
        }
        return inbuf[ptrbuf++];
    }

    private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126); }
    private int skip() { int b; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b)); return b; }

    private double nd() { return Double.parseDouble(ns()); }
    private char nc() { return (char)skip(); }

    private String ns()
    {
        int b = skip();
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        while(!(isSpaceChar(b) && b != ' ')){
            sb.appendCodePoint(b);
            b = readByte();
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    private char[] ns(int n)
    {
        char[] buf = new char[n];
        int b = skip(), p = 0;
        while(p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))){
            buf[p++] = (char)b;
            b = readByte();
        }
        return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p);
    }

    private char[][] nm(int n, int m)
    {
        char[][] map = new char[n][];
        for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)map[i] = ns(m);
        return map;
    }

    private int[] na(int n)
    {
        int[] a = new int[n];
        for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = ni();
        return a;
    }

    private int ni()
    {
        int num = 0, b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'));
        if(b == '-'){
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }

        while(true){
            if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            }else{
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    private long nl()
    {
        long num = 0;
        int b;
        boolean minus = false;
        while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'));
        if(b == '-'){
            minus = true;
            b = readByte();
        }

        while(true){
            if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){
                num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
            }else{
                return minus ? -num : num;
            }
            b = readByte();
        }
    }

    private static void tr(Object... o) { System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o)); }

}

Score : 800 points

Problem Statement

For a positive integer n, we denote the integer obtained by reversing the decimal notation of n (without leading zeroes) by rev(n). For example, rev(123) = 321 and rev(4000) = 4.

You are given a positive integer D. How many positive integers N satisfy rev(N) = N + D?

Constraints

D is an integer.

1 ≤ D < 10^9

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

D

Output

Print the number of the positive integers N such that rev(N) = N + D.

Sample Input 1

63

Sample Output 1

2

There are two positive integers N such that rev(N) = N + 63: N = 18 and 29.

Sample Input 2

75

Sample Output 2

0

There are no positive integers N such that rev(N) = N + 75.

Sample Input 3

864197532

Sample Output 3

1920


import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 */
public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		InputStream inputStream = System.in;
		OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
		FastScanner in = new FastScanner(inputStream);
		PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(outputStream);
		TaskF solver = new TaskF();
		solver.solve(1, in, out);
		out.close();
	}

	static class TaskF {
		int MAX_LEN;
		int[] a;
		int[] d;
		int[] sum;
		int ans;

		public void solve(int testNumber, FastScanner in, PrintWriter out) {
			char[] dc = in.next().toCharArray();
			MAX_LEN = dc.length + 3;
			ans = 0;
			a = new int[MAX_LEN];
			d = new int[MAX_LEN];
			sum = new int[MAX_LEN];
			for (int i = 0; i < dc.length; i++) {
				d[i] = dc[dc.length - i - 1] - '0';
			}
			Arrays.fill(a, -1);
			for (int len = Math.max(1, dc.length - 2); len < MAX_LEN; len++) {
				rec(0, 0, len);
			}
			out.println(ans);
		}

		private void rec(int i, int c, int n) {
			if (i == n) {
				if (c != 0) {
					return;
				}
				int carry = 0;
				Arrays.fill(sum, 0);
				for (int j = 0; j < MAX_LEN; j++) {
					int x = a[j] < 0 ? 0 : a[j];
					sum[j] = (x + d[j] + carry) % 10;
					carry = (x + d[j] + carry) / 10;
				}
				boolean ok = (carry == 0);
				for (int j = n; j < MAX_LEN && ok; j++) {
					if (sum[j] != 0) {
						ok = false;
					}
				}
				if (a[n - 1] == 0) {
					ok = false;
				}
				for (int j = 0; j < n && ok; j++) {
					if (a[j] < 0) {
						throw new AssertionError();
					}
					if (sum[j] != a[n - 1 - j]) {
						ok = false;
					}
				}
				if (ok) {
					++ans;
				}
				return;
			}
			int l = 0;
			int r = 9;
			if (a[i] >= 0) {
				l = a[i];
				r = a[i];
			}
			if (i == n - 1) {
				l = Math.max(l, 1);
			}
			for (int v = l; v <= r; v++) {
				a[i] = v;
				int x = (a[i] + d[i] + c) % 10;
				int y = (a[i] + d[i] + c) / 10;
				int old = a[n - i - 1];
				if (old < 0 || old == x) {
					a[n - i - 1] = x;
					rec(i + 1, y, n);
					a[n - i - 1] = old;
				}
				a[i] = -1;
			}
		}

	}

	static class FastScanner {
		private BufferedReader in;
		private StringTokenizer st;

		public FastScanner(InputStream stream) {
			in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));
		}

		public String next() {
			while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
				try {
					String rl = in.readLine();
					if (rl == null) {
						return null;
					}
					st = new StringTokenizer(rl);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new RuntimeException(e);
				}
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}

	}
}


import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import static java.lang.System.*;
import static java.lang.Math.*;
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] $) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(in);
        int[] l = new int[2];
        l[0] = sc.nextInt();
        l[1] = sc.nextInt();
        long ans =  l[0] * l[1];
        long[] s = new long[3];
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j <= l[i]; j++) {
                s[0]=l[abs(i-1)]*(long)j;
                s[1]=(l[i]-(long)j)/2*l[abs(1-i)];
                s[2]=l[0]*l[1]-s[0]-s[1];
                Arrays.sort(s);
                ans=min(ans,s[2]-s[0]);
                s[0]=l[abs(i-1)]*(long)j;
                s[1]=l[abs(1-i)]/2*(l[i]-(long)j);
                s[2]=l[0]*l[1]-s[0]-s[1];
                Arrays.sort(s);
                ans=min(s[2]-s[0],ans);
            }
        }
        out.println(ans);
    }
}

Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

There is a bar of chocolate with a height of H blocks and a width of W blocks.
Snuke is dividing this bar into exactly three pieces.
He can only cut the bar along borders of blocks, and the shape of each piece must be a rectangle.

Snuke is trying to divide the bar as evenly as possible.
More specifically, he is trying to minimize S_{max} - S_{min}, where S_{max} is the area (the number of blocks contained) of the largest piece, and S_{min} is the area of the smallest piece.
Find the minimum possible value of S_{max} - S_{min}.

Constraints

2 ≤ H, W ≤ 10^5

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

H W

Output

Print the minimum possible value of S_{max} - S_{min}.

Sample Input 1

3 5

Sample Output 1

0

In the division below, S_{max} - S_{min} = 5 - 5 = 0.

Sample Input 2

4 5

Sample Output 2

2

In the division below, S_{max} - S_{min} = 8 - 6 = 2.

Sample Input 3

5 5

Sample Output 3

4

In the division below, S_{max} - S_{min} = 10 - 6 = 4.

Sample Input 4

100000 2

Sample Output 4

1

Sample Input 5

100000 100000

Sample Output 5

50000


import java.util.*;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String []args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		int m = sc.nextInt();
		int n = sc.nextInt();
		Main soln = new Main();
		int[] best = soln.cutter(m, n, 1);
		System.out.println(soln.calcDiv(best));
	}

	private int[] cutter(int mm, int nn, int cnt) {
		int[] res = new int[4-cnt];
		if(cnt==3) {
			res[0] = mm*nn;
			return res;
		}

		int minDiv = mm*nn;
		int[] best = new int[4-cnt];
		for(int p=1; p<=mm/2; p++) {
			res[0] = p*nn;
			int[] temp = cutter(mm-p, nn, cnt+1);
			for(int x=0; x<temp.length; x++) {
				res[x+1] = temp[x];
			}
			int tempDiv = calcDiv(res);
			best = (tempDiv<minDiv)? Arrays.copyOf(res, res.length):best;
			minDiv = (tempDiv<minDiv)? tempDiv:minDiv;
		}
		for(int q=1; q<=nn/2; q++) {
			res[0] = q*mm;
			int[] temp = cutter(mm, nn-q, cnt+1);
			for(int x=0; x<temp.length; x++) {
				res[x+1] = temp[x];
			}
			int tempDiv = calcDiv(res);
			best = (tempDiv<minDiv)? Arrays.copyOf(res, res.length):best;
			minDiv = (tempDiv<minDiv)? tempDiv:minDiv;
		}
		return best;
	}

	private int calcDiv(int[] input) {
		Arrays.sort(input);
		return input[input.length-1] - input[0];
	}
}