---
language: en
task_categories:
  - text-classification
tags:
  - education
  - classroom-discourse
  - assertion-detection
  - llm-annotated
---

# EduBehaviors Assertion Labels

This is a subset of the [TalkMoves Dataset](https://github.com/SumnerLab/TalkMoves) of K-12 mathematics lesson transcripts, created for *EduBehaviors: Assertion-based schemas for auditable dialogue coding*. This dataset contains teacher utterances labeled with assertions, distinct behaviors or attributes of utterances that may serve as features for the modeling of larger constructs. Labels in this dataset are LLM-generated, with models reported within the dataset itself. This dataset was used to train encoders for each assertion it describes, accessible through HuggingFace or the Python package `EduBehaviors-kit`.


## Columns

| Column | Meaning |
|--------|---------|
| `file_name` | Transcript the utterance came from |
| `model` | Which model produced this row's labels |
| `speaker` | Speaker role |
| `turn` | Turn number in the TalkMoves transcript |
| `utterance_index` | Position of the utterance within the transcript |
| `text` | Utterance |
| `assertion_<slug>` | 1 if the annotator judged the assertion to hold, else 0 |
| `split_<slug>` | `train`, `dev` or `test` for that assertion |

Each assertion was split into train/test/dev sets independently to retain similar base rates between classes. Use the `split_...` column for a particular assertion to determine which split an utterance is assigned to. Splits are grouped by utterance, so an utterance and all of its annotations land in one split, but a transcript can span splits.

## Assertions


| Assertion | Column slug | Base rate | Krippendorff's alpha | train / dev / test |
|-----------|-------------|-----------|----------------------|--------------------|
| addresses the whole class | `addresses_the_whole_class` | 58.1% | 0.713 | 13,184 / 3,294 / 8,237 |
| agrees with one or more students answer | `agrees_with_one_or_more_students_answer` | 7.1% | 0.745 | 13,185 / 3,291 / 8,239 |
| asks a question to the whole class | `asks_a_question_to_the_whole_class` | 11.6% | 0.807 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| asks one or more students for an explanation | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_an_explanation` | 4.1% | 0.756 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| asks one or more students for clarification | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_clarification` | 3.8% | 0.548 | 13,180 / 3,296 / 8,239 |
| asks one or more students for their reasoning | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_their_reasoning` | 3.6% | 0.713 | 13,180 / 3,296 / 8,239 |
| asks one or more students whether they agree | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_agree` | 1.6% | 0.705 | 13,185 / 3,294 / 8,236 |
| asks one or more students whether they are sure about an answer | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_are_sure_about_an_answer` | 0.7% | 0.613 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| asks one or more students whether they understand something | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_understand_something` | 1.2% | 0.632 | 13,180 / 3,296 / 8,239 |
| contains a counting sequence | `contains_a_counting_sequence` | 1.2% | 0.786 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| contains a greeting | `contains_a_greeting` | 0.4% | 0.841 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| contains a hypothetical scenario | `contains_a_hypothetical_scenario` | 4.0% | 0.623 | 13,179 / 3,295 / 8,241 |
| contains a number | `contains_a_number` | 27.4% | 0.904 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains a personal stance | `contains_a_personal_stance` | 8.1% | 0.719 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| contains a politeness marker | `contains_a_politeness_marker` | 3.5% | 0.846 | 13,180 / 3,297 / 8,238 |
| contains a question | `contains_a_question` | 23.3% | 0.879 | 13,180 / 3,296 / 8,239 |
| contains a real world reference pertaining to a topic outside of the classroom setting | `contains_a_real_world_reference_pertaining_to_a_topic_outside_of_the_classroom_setting` | 5.3% | 0.845 | 13,180 / 3,297 / 8,238 |
| contains a rhetorical question | `contains_a_rhetorical_question` | 6.7% | 0.543 | 13,181 / 3,297 / 8,237 |
| contains a student s name | `contains_a_student_s_name` | 8.7% | 0.957 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| contains a time marker | `contains_a_time_marker` | 7.5% | 0.642 | 13,178 / 3,299 / 8,238 |
| contains affirmation | `contains_affirmation` | 8.9% | 0.684 | 13,183 / 3,294 / 8,238 |
| contains agreement | `contains_agreement` | 7.7% | 0.657 | 13,180 / 3,297 / 8,238 |
| contains an acknowledgement | `contains_an_acknowledgement` | 13.5% | 0.700 | 13,184 / 3,295 / 8,236 |
| contains an apology | `contains_an_apology` | 0.4% | 0.874 | 13,183 / 3,294 / 8,238 |
| contains an explanation of a mathematical concept | `contains_an_explanation_of_a_mathematical_concept` | 12.5% | 0.732 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| contains an instruction | `contains_an_instruction` | 20.0% | 0.752 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| contains clarification | `contains_clarification` | 21.9% | 0.508 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| contains collaborative language | `contains_collaborative_language` | 17.1% | 0.670 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains comparison terms | `contains_comparison_terms` | 7.1% | 0.659 | 13,184 / 3,293 / 8,238 |
| contains emotion | `contains_emotion` | 4.9% | 0.676 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| contains encouragement | `contains_encouragement` | 3.8% | 0.462 | 13,183 / 3,295 / 8,237 |
| contains fraction terms | `contains_fraction_terms` | 6.2% | 0.912 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains gratitude | `contains_gratitude` | 1.8% | 0.654 | 13,179 / 3,295 / 8,241 |
| contains humor | `contains_humor` | 1.7% | 0.674 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains informal language | `contains_informal_language` | 25.1% | 0.452 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains math computation | `contains_math_computation` | 3.7% | 0.564 | 13,184 / 3,295 / 8,236 |
| contains math terms | `contains_math_terms` | 41.1% | 0.835 | 13,179 / 3,298 / 8,238 |
| contains measurement terms | `contains_measurement_terms` | 7.1% | 0.683 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| contains negation | `contains_negation` | 8.8% | 0.903 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| contains praise | `contains_praise` | 3.8% | 0.786 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| contains self correction | `contains_self_correction` | 2.3% | 0.570 | 13,179 / 3,296 / 8,240 |
| contains the answer to a question | `contains_the_answer_to_a_question` | 10.5% | 0.636 | 13,185 / 3,293 / 8,237 |
| contains the final answer to a math problem | `contains_the_final_answer_to_a_math_problem` | 4.5% | 0.644 | 13,182 / 3,298 / 8,235 |
| disagrees with a prior contribution | `disagrees_with_a_prior_contribution` | 2.7% | 0.675 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| evaluates a student response | `evaluates_a_student_response` | 12.0% | 0.701 | 13,178 / 3,297 / 8,240 |
| grants permission | `grants_permission` | 1.7% | 0.739 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| invites participation | `invites_participation` | 34.2% | 0.755 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| invites student thinking | `invites_student_thinking` | 20.2% | 0.774 | 13,182 / 3,293 / 8,240 |
| is a declarative statement | `is_a_declarative_statement` | 43.8% | 0.801 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| is a one word agreement | `is_a_one_word_agreement` | 2.4% | 0.674 | 13,183 / 3,294 / 8,238 |
| is a single word | `is_a_single_word` | 12.0% | 0.940 | 13,180 / 3,298 / 8,237 |
| is off topic | `is_off_topic` | 1.5% | 0.606 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| is unintelligible in context | `is_unintelligible_in_context` | 3.3% | 0.527 | 13,182 / 3,295 / 8,238 |
| is very short | `is_very_short` | 43.7% | 0.634 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| manages classroom behavior | `manages_classroom_behavior` | 11.0% | 0.611 | 13,182 / 3,295 / 8,238 |
| narrates steps being taken by the speaker | `narrates_steps_being_taken_by_the_speaker` | 6.1% | 0.499 | 13,182 / 3,295 / 8,238 |
| proposes a problem solving strategy | `proposes_a_problem_solving_strategy` | 11.4% | 0.569 | 13,180 / 3,296 / 8,239 |
| reads a text aloud | `reads_a_text_aloud` | 1.6% | 0.566 | 13,181 / 3,297 / 8,237 |
| references a prior lesson | `references_a_prior_lesson` | 1.0% | 0.706 | 13,185 / 3,294 / 8,236 |
| references a procedure for completing the current task | `references_a_procedure_for_completing_the_current_task` | 21.9% | 0.583 | 13,180 / 3,294 / 8,241 |
| references an activity from earlier in the session | `references_an_activity_from_earlier_in_the_session` | 2.9% | 0.533 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| references classroom materials | `references_classroom_materials` | 6.7% | 0.703 | 13,180 / 3,294 / 8,241 |
| references logistics | `references_logistics` | 11.5% | 0.729 | 13,180 / 3,294 / 8,241 |
| references student behavior | `references_student_behavior` | 16.1% | 0.206 | 13,182 / 3,296 / 8,237 |
| references student work | `references_student_work` | 8.1% | 0.665 | 13,183 / 3,294 / 8,238 |
| repeats a problem | `repeats_a_problem` | 4.2% | 0.442 | 13,178 / 3,297 / 8,240 |
| repeats a student answer | `repeats_a_student_answer` | 5.1% | 0.713 | 13,181 / 3,294 / 8,240 |
| repeats prior speech | `repeats_prior_speech` | 11.8% | 0.628 | 13,183 / 3,293 / 8,239 |
| responds to a student contribution | `responds_to_a_student_contribution` | 26.6% | 0.689 | 13,181 / 3,295 / 8,239 |
| states that the speaker is uncertain | `states_that_the_speaker_is_uncertain` | 2.4% | 0.689 | 13,178 / 3,298 / 8,239 |
| summarizes a portion of the current lesson | `summarizes_a_portion_of_the_current_lesson` | 4.8% | 0.419 | 13,183 / 3,296 / 8,236 |
| transitions from one in class activity to another | `transitions_from_one_in_class_activity_to_another` | 6.2% | 0.644 | 13,180 / 3,298 / 8,237 |
| the utterance addresses another teacher | `addresses_another_teacher` | 0.6% | 0.647 | 13,182 / 3,293 / 8,240 |
| the utterance asks a non mathematical question | `asks_a_non_mathematical_question` | 3.0% | 0.744 | 13,183 / 3,293 / 8,239 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for a connection between two mathematical representations | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_a_connection_between_two_mathematical_representations` | 1.2% | 0.377 | 13,179 / 3,295 / 8,241 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for an evaluation of a prior student contribution | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_an_evaluation_of_a_prior_student_contribution` | 1.4% | 0.648 | 13,185 / 3,292 / 8,238 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for an explanation of how a method works | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_an_explanation_of_how_a_method_works` | 2.0% | 0.728 | 13,180 / 3,294 / 8,241 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the definition of a math term | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_definition_of_a_math_term` | 0.2% | 0.576 | 13,184 / 3,295 / 8,236 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the meaning of a mathematical symbol | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_meaning_of_a_mathematical_symbol` | 0.3% | 0.650 | 13,180 / 3,297 / 8,238 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the next step in a procedure | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_next_step_in_a_procedure` | 2.0% | 0.607 | 13,182 / 3,294 / 8,239 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the purpose of a mathematical step | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_purpose_of_a_mathematical_step` | 0.8% | 0.732 | 13,181 / 3,295 / 8,239 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the reasoning behind a prior student contribution | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_reasoning_behind_a_prior_student_contribution` | 1.4% | 0.780 | 13,179 / 3,297 / 8,239 |
| the utterance asks one or more students for the result of a math computation | `asks_one_or_more_students_for_the_result_of_a_math_computation` | 3.2% | 0.731 | 13,181 / 3,294 / 8,240 |
| the utterance asks one or more students whether they agree with a prior student contribution | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_agree_with_a_prior_student_contribution` | 0.8% | 0.667 | 13,180 / 3,297 / 8,238 |
| the utterance asks one or more students whether they are finished with a task | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_are_finished_with_a_task` | 0.4% | 0.481 | 13,182 / 3,293 / 8,240 |
| the utterance asks one or more students whether they got a different answer than a prior student contribution | `asks_students_whether_they_got_a_different_answer_than_a_prior_contribution` | 0.3% | 0.373 | 13,182 / 3,295 / 8,238 |
| the utterance asks one or more students whether they heard a prior contribution | `asks_one_or_more_students_whether_they_heard_a_prior_contribution` | 0.1% | 0.909 | 13,179 / 3,296 / 8,240 |
| the utterance contains a yes no question | `contains_a_yes_no_question` | 9.0% | 0.852 | 13,181 / 3,295 / 8,239 |
| the utterance corrects a prior student contribution | `corrects_a_prior_student_contribution` | 2.0% | 0.504 | 13,182 / 3,293 / 8,240 |
| the utterance invites a student to speak next | `invites_a_student_to_speak_next` | 23.1% | 0.820 | 13,184 / 3,293 / 8,238 |
| the utterance invites an addition to a prior student contribution | `invites_an_addition_to_a_prior_student_contribution` | 3.6% | 0.430 | 13,183 / 3,296 / 8,236 |
| the utterance invites reading aloud | `invites_reading_aloud` | 0.4% | 0.839 | 13,182 / 3,295 / 8,238 |
| the utterance invites writing on the board | `invites_writing_on_the_board` | 0.4% | 0.744 | 13,183 / 3,296 / 8,236 |
| the utterance invites writing on their own paper | `invites_writing_on_their_own_paper` | 2.5% | 0.628 | 13,186 / 3,291 / 8,238 |
| the utterance is a verbatim repetition of a prior student contribution | `is_a_verbatim_repetition_of_a_prior_student_contribution` | 2.5% | 0.541 | 13,180 / 3,294 / 8,241 |
| the utterance is an evaluative statement | `is_an_evaluative_statement` | 5.3% | 0.678 | 13,183 / 3,295 / 8,237 |
| the utterance paraphrases a prior student contribution | `paraphrases_a_prior_student_contribution` | 2.2% | 0.528 | 13,183 / 3,293 / 8,239 |
| the utterance repeats a number from a prior student contribution | `repeats_a_number_from_a_prior_student_contribution` | 0.7% | 0.804 | 13,181 / 3,295 / 8,239 |
| the utterance repeats a phrase from a prior student contribution without adding new words | `repeats_a_phrase_from_a_prior_student_contribution_without_adding_new_words` | 3.3% | 0.513 | 13,181 / 3,296 / 8,238 |
| the utterance repeats a prior student contribution and adds new words | `repeats_a_prior_student_contribution_and_adds_new_words` | 3.1% | 0.559 | 13,183 / 3,294 / 8,238 |
| the utterance repeats a single word from a prior student contribution | `repeats_a_single_word_from_a_prior_student_contribution` | 3.7% | 0.602 | 13,181 / 3,297 / 8,237 |
| the utterance states the goals of the lesson | `states_the_goals_of_the_lesson` | 1.7% | 0.579 | 13,181 / 3,297 / 8,237 |
| the utterance translates a prior student contribution into another language | `translates_a_prior_student_contribution_into_another_language` | 0.7% | -0.007 | 13,184 / 3,295 / 8,236 |


## Usage with `datasets` package

```python
from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("StanfordSCALE/assertions_llm_annotated_talkmoves", split="train").to_pandas()
slug = "addresses_the_whole_class"
test = ds[ds[f"split_{slug}"] == "test"]
test[f"assertion_{slug}"].mean()
```