# Instead of # def f(list: List[Union[int, str]], param: Optional[int]) -> Union[float, str] def f(list: List[int | str], param: int | None) -> float | str: pass f([1, "abc"], None) # Instead of typing.List[typing.Union[str, int]] typing.List[str | int] list[str | int] # Instead of typing.Dict[str, typing.Union[int, float]] typing.Dict[str, int | float] dict[str, int | float]