"""Generate SlimeBench: one anonymous observation/action conversation per rollout.

See docs/slime-bench.md for isolated setup, generation, and upload commands.
The upstream feedforward CMA-ES policy plays against the built-in recurrent
opponent, explicitly reset each episode. All outcomes are retained. Reservoir
sampling selects one timestep uniformly from each complete rollout. Actions and
observation coordinates have independent, unique, fixed permutations per row.
Only conversations are published; mappings and rollout provenance stay local.
"""

import argparse
import hashlib
import json
import math
import multiprocessing
import os
import random
import subprocess
import sys
from collections import Counter
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor, as_completed
from importlib.metadata import version
from itertools import permutations
from pathlib import Path

# Small matrix multiplies should not create a BLAS thread pool in every worker.
os.environ.setdefault("OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS", "1")
os.environ.setdefault("OMP_NUM_THREADS", "1")
import numpy as np

UPSTREAM = "https://github.com/hardmaru/slimevolleygym"
REVISION = "8ac22434fc5a587a3395311f7854aeda17d10303"
WEIGHTS = "zoo/cmaes/slimevolley.cma.64.96.best.json"
WEIGHTS_SHA256 = "3523cca6459ea6a979b98b19de8466eba8d5d1318ce6fa71f8f7cd084f38ce9b"
LETTERS = "ABCDEF"
# Upstream SlimeVolleyEnv.action_table: forward, backward, jump buttons.
BUTTONS = ((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0), (1, 0, 1), (0, 0, 1), (0, 1, 1), (0, 1, 0))
PRODUCTION = (64, 2048, 100)
ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2]


def sha256(path):
    return hashlib.sha256(path.read_bytes()).hexdigest()


def write_json(path, value):
    pending = path.with_suffix(path.suffix + ".partial")
    pending.write_text(json.dumps(value, allow_nan=False) + "\n")
    pending.replace(path)


def row_permutations(seed, count):
    if not 1 <= count <= math.factorial(6):
        raise ValueError("Need 1–720 rows for distinct six-action permutations")
    actions = random.Random(f"actions:{seed}").sample(
        list(permutations(LETTERS)), count
    )
    rng = random.Random(f"observations:{seed}")
    orders, seen = [], set()
    while len(orders) < count:
        order = tuple(rng.sample(range(12), 12))
        if order not in seen:
            orders.append(order)
            seen.add(order)
    return list(zip(actions, orders, strict=True))


def action_from_controls(controls):
    """Use upstream >0 thresholds and merge simultaneous opposite directions."""
    if len(controls) != 3 or not all(math.isfinite(x) for x in controls):
        raise ValueError("Expected three finite teacher controls")
    forward, backward, jump = (x > 0 for x in controls)
    return BUTTONS.index(
        (int(forward and not backward), int(backward and not forward), int(jump))
    )


def conversation(record, action_letters, observation_order):
    values = record["observation"]
    if len(values) != 12 or not all(math.isfinite(x) for x in values):
        raise ValueError("Expected twelve finite observation values")
    action = record["expert_action"]
    if action not in range(6):
        raise ValueError("Expected an action in [0, 5]")
    # Nine significant decimal digits round-trip the teacher's float32 inputs.
    prompt = "[" + ", ".join(f"{values[i]:.9g}" for i in observation_order) + "]"
    return [
        {"role": "user", "content": prompt},
        {"role": "assistant", "content": action_letters[action]},
    ]


def load_runtime(source):
    sys.path.insert(0, str(source))
    import gym
    import slimevolleygym
    from slimevolleygym.mlp import makeSlimePolicy

    if Path(slimevolleygym.__file__).resolve().parent.parent != source:
        raise ValueError("Imported SlimeVolley from an unexpected source directory")
    gym.logger.set_level(gym.logger.ERROR)
    env = slimevolleygym.SlimeVolleyEnv()
    if tuple(map(tuple, env.action_table)) != BUTTONS:
        raise ValueError("Upstream action table changed")
    teacher = makeSlimePolicy(str(source / WEIGHTS))
    return env, teacher


def collect_rollout(env, teacher, episode_seed):
    """One uniformly sampled state from one complete, independently reset game."""
    env.seed(episode_seed)
    env.policy.reset()  # Upstream env.reset() does NOT reset its RNN opponent.
    observation = env.reset()
    rng = random.Random(f"timestep:{episode_seed}")
    selected, total = None, 0.0
    for step in range(env.t_limit):
        observation = np.asarray(observation, dtype=np.float32)
        action = action_from_controls(teacher.predict(observation))
        if rng.randrange(step + 1) == 0:
            selected = {
                "observation": observation.tolist(),
                "expert_action": action,
                "episode_seed": episode_seed,
                "step": step,
            }
        observation, reward, done, info = env.step(BUTTONS[action])
        total += float(reward)
        if done:
            selected.update(
                episode_return=total,
                episode_steps=step + 1,
                time_limit=info["ale.lives"] > 0 and info["ale.otherLives"] > 0,
            )
            return selected
    raise RuntimeError("SlimeVolley did not terminate at its configured time limit")


def split_stats(records, action_letters):
    actions = Counter(item["expert_action"] for item in records)
    returns = [item["episode_return"] for item in records]
    return {
        "rollouts": len(records),
        "mean_return": sum(returns) / len(returns),
        "positive_returns": sum(value > 0 for value in returns),
        "zero_returns": sum(value == 0 for value in returns),
        "negative_returns": sum(value < 0 for value in returns),
        "time_limits": sum(item["time_limit"] for item in records),
        "environment_steps": sum(item["episode_steps"] for item in records),
        "action_counts": [actions[a] for a in range(6)],
        "letter_counts": {action_letters[a]: actions[a] for a in range(6)},
    }


def build_row(args, index, mappings):
    action_letters, observation_order = mappings
    env, teacher = load_runtime(args.source_dir)
    row = {"row_id": index, "num_train": args.num_train, "num_test": args.num_test}
    audit = {
        "row_id": index,
        "action_to_letter": list(action_letters),
        "observation_order": list(observation_order),
        "stats": {},
    }
    next_seed = args.seed + index * (args.num_train + args.num_test)
    try:
        for split, count in (("train", args.num_train), ("test", args.num_test)):
            records = [
                collect_rollout(env, teacher, seed)
                for seed in range(next_seed, next_seed + count)
            ]
            next_seed += count
            random.Random(f"examples:{args.seed}:{index}:{split}").shuffle(records)
            row[split + "_data"] = [
                conversation(record, action_letters, observation_order)
                for record in records
            ]
            audit[split] = records
            audit["stats"][split] = split_stats(records, action_letters)
        write_json(
            args.output_dir / "checkpoints" / f"{index:03d}.json",
            {"row": row, "audit": audit},
        )
    finally:
        env.close()
    return index


def validate_row(row, audit, args, teacher):
    index = row["row_id"]
    letters, order = row_permutations(args.seed, args.rows)[index]
    if (
        audit["row_id"] != index
        or audit["action_to_letter"] != list(letters)
        or audit["observation_order"] != list(order)
    ):
        raise ValueError("Row permutation metadata differs from the seeded schedule")
    first_seed = args.seed + index * (args.num_train + args.num_test)
    prompts = {}
    cross_split_duplicates = 0
    for split, count in (("train", args.num_train), ("test", args.num_test)):
        records, chats = audit[split], row[split + "_data"]
        if row["num_" + split] != count or len(records) != count or len(chats) != count:
            raise ValueError("Incorrect split size")
        seeds = [record["episode_seed"] for record in records]
        if sorted(seeds) != list(range(first_seed, first_seed + count)):
            raise ValueError(
                "Every conversation must come from its own assigned rollout"
            )
        first_seed += count
        for record, chat in zip(records, chats, strict=True):
            if not 0 <= record["step"] < record["episode_steps"] <= 3000:
                raise ValueError("Invalid sampled timestep")
            if chat != conversation(record, letters, order):
                raise ValueError("Conversation does not match its private provenance")
            parsed = np.asarray(json.loads(chat[0]["content"]), dtype=np.float32)
            canonical = np.empty(12, dtype=np.float32)
            canonical[list(order)] = parsed
            if not np.array_equal(
                canonical, np.asarray(record["observation"], dtype=np.float32)
            ):
                raise ValueError("Prompt did not preserve the teacher's input")
            if (
                action_from_controls(teacher.predict(canonical))
                != record["expert_action"]
            ):
                raise ValueError(
                    "Label does not agree with the teacher on the serialized input"
                )
            prompt = chat[0]["content"]
            if split == "test" and prompts.get(prompt) == "train":
                cross_split_duplicates += 1
            prompts.setdefault(prompt, split)
        if audit["stats"][split] != split_stats(records, letters):
            raise ValueError("Incorrect split statistics")
    return cross_split_duplicates


def prepare(args):
    head = subprocess.check_output(
        ["git", "-C", str(args.source_dir), "rev-parse", "HEAD"], text=True
    ).strip()
    if head != REVISION or sha256(args.source_dir / WEIGHTS) != WEIGHTS_SHA256:
        raise ValueError(
            f"Use upstream revision {REVISION} and its original CMA-ES weights"
        )
    subprocess.run(
        [
            "git",
            "-C",
            str(args.source_dir),
            "diff",
            "--exit-code",
            "HEAD",
            "--",
            "slimevolleygym",
            WEIGHTS,
        ],
        check=True,
        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
    )
    config = {
        "rows": args.rows,
        "num_train": args.num_train,
        "num_test": args.num_test,
        "seed": args.seed,
        "upstream_revision": REVISION,
        "weights_sha256": WEIGHTS_SHA256,
        "generator_sha256": sha256(Path(__file__)),
        "versions": {name: version(name) for name in ("numpy", "gym", "datasets")},
        "sampling": "one uniformly sampled timestep per complete rollout; no action or outcome filtering",
        "teacher": "feedforward CMA-ES; float32 observations; >0 button thresholds",
        "opponent": "upstream BaselinePolicy, reset independently every rollout",
    }
    args.output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    (args.output_dir / "checkpoints").mkdir(exist_ok=True)
    manifest = args.output_dir / "manifest.json"
    if manifest.exists():
        if json.loads(manifest.read_text()) != config:
            raise ValueError(
                "Generation config/source changed; use a new output directory"
            )
    else:
        write_json(manifest, config)


def export(args):
    env, teacher = load_runtime(args.source_dir)
    rows, stats, duplicates = [], [], 0
    output = args.output_dir / "slime_bench.jsonl"
    pending = output.with_suffix(".jsonl.partial")
    try:
        with pending.open("w") as handle:
            for index in range(args.rows):
                checkpoint = json.loads(
                    (args.output_dir / "checkpoints" / f"{index:03d}.json").read_text()
                )
                row, audit = checkpoint["row"], checkpoint["audit"]
                if row["row_id"] != index:
                    raise ValueError("Incorrect checkpoint row ID")
                duplicates += validate_row(row, audit, args, teacher)
                rows.append(row)
                stats.append(audit["stats"])
                handle.write(json.dumps(row, allow_nan=False) + "\n")
    finally:
        env.close()
    pending.replace(output)
    all_stats = [entry[split] for entry in stats for split in ("train", "test")]
    total = sum(entry["rollouts"] for entry in all_stats)
    summary = {
        "rows": len(rows),
        "conversations": total,
        "distinct_rollouts": total,
        "cross_split_duplicate_prompts": duplicates,
        "mean_rollout_return": sum(
            entry["mean_return"] * entry["rollouts"] for entry in all_stats
        )
        / total,
        "action_counts": [
            sum(entry["action_counts"][a] for entry in all_stats) for a in range(6)
        ],
        "environment_steps": sum(entry["environment_steps"] for entry in all_stats),
        "jsonl_sha256": sha256(output),
        "per_row": stats,
    }
    write_json(args.output_dir / "validation.json", summary)
    print(json.dumps({k: v for k, v in summary.items() if k != "per_row"}), flush=True)
    return rows, summary


def upload(args, rows, summary):
    from datasets import Dataset, Features, Value
    from huggingface_hub import HfApi

    if (args.rows, args.num_train, args.num_test) != PRODUCTION:
        raise ValueError(
            "Upload requires exactly 64 rows, 2048 train and 100 test examples"
        )
    message = {"role": Value("string"), "content": Value("string")}
    features = Features(
        {
            "row_id": Value("int64"),
            "num_train": Value("int64"),
            "num_test": Value("int64"),
            "train_data": [[message]],
            "test_data": [[message]],
        }
    )
    dataset = Dataset.from_list(rows, features=features)
    result = dataset.push_to_hub(
        args.output_dataset, config_name="default", split="train"
    )
    api = HfApi()
    # Preserve the dataset library's generated YAML schema while adding the card.
    from huggingface_hub import DatasetCard

    card = DatasetCard.load(args.output_dataset)
    guide = ROOT / "docs" / "slime-bench.md"
    body = guide.read_text().replace(
        "../data_preparation/benchmarks/slime_bench.py", "./slime_bench.py"
    )
    card.text = body + (
        f"\n## Published run\n\n"
        f"- {summary['conversations']:,} conversations from distinct rollouts.\n"
        f"- Mean teacher rollout return: {summary['mean_rollout_return']:.4f}.\n"
        f"- Exact train/test prompt overlaps within rows: {summary['cross_split_duplicate_prompts']}.\n"
        f"- Generation seed: {args.seed}.\n"
        f"- JSONL SHA-256: `{summary['jsonl_sha256']}`.\n"
    )
    card.push_to_hub(args.output_dataset, repo_type="dataset")
    api.upload_file(
        path_or_fileobj=str(Path(__file__)),
        path_in_repo="slime_bench.py",
        repo_id=args.output_dataset,
        repo_type="dataset",
    )
    revision = api.dataset_info(args.output_dataset).sha
    write_json(
        args.output_dir / "upload.json",
        {
            "repository": args.output_dataset,
            "revision": revision,
            "data_commit": str(result),
        },
    )
    print(
        f"Uploaded https://huggingface.co/datasets/{args.output_dataset}/tree/{revision}",
        flush=True,
    )


def parse_args(argv=None):
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--source-dir",
        type=Path,
        required=True,
        help="Pinned upstream SlimeVolley checkout",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output-dir", type=Path, default=ROOT / "local_data" / "slime_bench"
    )
    parser.add_argument("--rows", type=int, default=64)
    parser.add_argument("--num-train", type=int, default=2048)
    parser.add_argument("--num-test", type=int, default=100)
    parser.add_argument("--seed", type=int, default=42)
    parser.add_argument("--workers", type=int, default=8)
    parser.add_argument("--upload", action="store_true")
    parser.add_argument("--output-dataset", default="aklein4/SlimeBench")
    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
    if (
        not 1 <= args.rows <= 720
        or min(args.num_train, args.num_test, args.workers) < 1
        or args.seed < 0
    ):
        parser.error(
            "Need 1–720 rows, positive split sizes/workers, and a nonnegative seed"
        )
    args.source_dir = args.source_dir.resolve()
    args.output_dir = args.output_dir.resolve()
    if args.upload and (args.rows, args.num_train, args.num_test) != PRODUCTION:
        parser.error("Only the full 64 × (2048 + 100) dataset may be uploaded")
    return args


def main():
    args = parse_args()
    from dotenv import load_dotenv

    load_dotenv(ROOT / ".env")
    prepare(args)
    mappings = row_permutations(args.seed, args.rows)
    missing = [
        i
        for i in range(args.rows)
        if not (args.output_dir / "checkpoints" / f"{i:03d}.json").exists()
    ]
    if args.workers == 1:
        for index in missing:
            build_row(args, index, mappings[index])
            print(f"Completed row {index + 1}/{args.rows}", flush=True)
    elif missing:
        with ProcessPoolExecutor(
            max_workers=min(args.workers, len(missing)),
            mp_context=multiprocessing.get_context("spawn"),
        ) as pool:
            futures = [
                pool.submit(build_row, args, index, mappings[index])
                for index in missing
            ]
            for future in as_completed(futures):
                index = future.result()
                print(f"Completed row {index + 1}/{args.rows}", flush=True)
    rows, summary = export(args)
    if args.upload:
        upload(args, rows, summary)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()