question stringlengths 21 2.41k | choices_answer listlengths 1 1 | choices_human listlengths 3 3 | choices_synthetic listlengths 6 6 | choices_synthetic_conditioned_goldandstem listlengths 9 9 | options listlengths 10 10 | answer stringclasses 10
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A shop owner domiciled in State A sued a distributor in a federal district court in State A for breach of a contract. The shop owner sought $100,000 in damages for allegedly defective goods that the distributor had provided under the contract. The distributor is incorporated in State B, with its principal place of busi... | [
"No, because there is supplemental jurisdiction over the wholesaler's counterclaim."
] | [
"Yes, because there is no diversity of citizenship between the distributor and the wholesaler.",
"No, because the wholesaler's and the distributor's principal places of business are diverse.",
"Yes, because there is no diversity of citizenship between the shop owner and the wholesaler."
] | [
"No, because the distributor and the wholesaler conduct business in different states.",
"Yes, because the wholesaler's counterclaim is not directly related to the distributor's claim.",
"No, because the distributor has invoked the jurisdiction of the court.",
"Yes, because the amount in controversy does not m... | [
"Yes, because the amount in controversy for the counterclaim is less than $75,000.",
"Yes, because the counterclaim arises from a different transaction than the main claim.",
"No, because the federal court has original jurisdiction over all counterclaims.",
"Yes, because the distributor and the wholesaler are... | [
"Yes, because the distributor and the wholesaler are not citizens of different states.",
"No, because there is supplemental jurisdiction over the wholesaler's counterclaim.",
"Yes, because there is no diversity of citizenship between the shop owner and the wholesaler.",
"Yes, because the federal court cannot ... | B |
Research on explicit (intentional) and implicit (automatic) memory indicates that | [
"explicit memory capacity declines with age, but implicit memory capacity remains stable"
] | [
"both forms of memory show a fairly consistent, gradual decline over the adult life span",
"both forms of memory remain stable, except when affected by a disease process like Alzheimer’s",
"implicit memory capacity declines with age, but explicit memory capacity remains stable"
] | [
"both forms of memory fluctuate in capacity throughout the adult life span",
"neither forms of memory are affected by age, only by a disease process like Alzheimer’s",
"explicit memory capacity remains stable, while implicit memory capacity declines with age",
"both forms of memory increase their capacity wit... | [
"both explicit and implicit memory capacities decline significantly with age",
"implicit memory capacity improves with age, while explicit memory remains stable",
"age has no effect on either explicit or implicit memory capacities",
"explicit memory capacity increases with age, but implicit memory capacity de... | [
"implicit memory is only affected by age in individuals with memory disorders",
"explicit memory capacity declines with age, but implicit memory capacity remains stable",
"older adults have superior implicit and explicit memory compared to younger adults",
"implicit memory capacity declines with age, but expl... | B |
The relationship of preadolescent siblings is best described as: | [
"close and conflictual."
] | [
"distant/aloof.",
"competitive and cooperative.",
"conflictual/hostile."
] | [
"supportive and hostile.",
"extremely close with no conflict.",
"solely cooperative with no competition.",
"overly dependent.",
"purely competitive.",
"indifferent and uninvolved."
] | [
"distant and harmonious.",
"competitive and indifferent.",
"formal and reserved.",
"nurturing and detached.",
"adversarial and unemotional.",
"supportive and aloof.",
"hostile and avoidant.",
"affectionate and cooperative without conflict.",
"neglectful and uninvolved."
] | [
"conflictual/hostile.",
"distant/aloof.",
"competitive and cooperative.",
"hostile and avoidant.",
"formal and reserved.",
"nurturing and detached.",
"close and conflictual.",
"supportive and aloof.",
"competitive and indifferent.",
"adversarial and unemotional."
] | G |
The ________ perspective on sustainability resulted from growth models that analysed the carrying capacity of the planet, overall concluding that the finite capacity of the earth and_______, ________ and _______ by current and past generations could reduce quality of life for future generations. This contrasts with the... | [
"Environmental, Underuse of resources, Overpopulation, Over pollution"
] | [
"Environmental, Overuse of resources, Underpopulation, Unsustainability",
"Economic, Overuse of resources, Overpopulation, Over pollution,",
"Economic, Underuse of resources, Underpopulation, Unsustainability"
] | [
"Environmental, Overuse of resources, Underpopulation, Sustainable practices",
"Sociopolitical, Underuse of resources, Overpopulation, Unsustainability",
"Economic, Balanced use of resources, Stable population, Sustainable practices",
"Sociopolitical, Overuse of resources, Overpopulation, Over pollution",
"... | [
"Economic, Innovation in technology, Resource conservation, Social equity",
"Social, Excessive regulation, Underdevelopment, Population decline",
"Political, Uneven resource allocation, Deforestation, Urban sprawl",
"Cultural, Overconsumption, Loss of biodiversity, Rapid industrialization",
"Technological, ... | [
"Historical, Legacy pollution, Technological stagnation, Market forces",
"Economic, Overuse of resources, Overpopulation, Over pollution,",
"Environmental, Underuse of resources, Overpopulation, Over pollution",
"Political, Uneven resource allocation, Deforestation, Urban sprawl",
"Economic, Innovation in t... | C |
A football team entered into a 10-year lease with a city for use of the city's athletic stadium. Five years into the lease, the team threatened to leave the stadium and move to another city. The city sued the team in federal court, seeking a permanent injunction to prevent the team from breaching its lease and leaving.... | [
"The court should first hold a jury trial of the team's counterclaim, and then a nonjury trial of the issues remaining in the city's claim."
] | [
"The court should first hold a nonjury trial of the city's claim without giving binding effect to its findings or conclusions in the later jury trial of the team's counterclaim.",
"The court should schedule a jury trial of both the city's claim and the team's counterclaim.",
"The court should first hold a nonju... | [
"The court should first hold a jury trial of the team's counterclaim, and its findings should be binding in the later nonjury trial of the city's claim.",
"The court should first hold a nonjury trial of the team's counterclaim, and then a jury trial of the city's claim.",
"The court should hold a simultaneous j... | [
"The court should first hold a nonjury trial of the city's injunction claim, and then a jury trial on the team's counterclaim.",
"The court should deny both parties’ motions and try all issues together to preserve judicial efficiency.",
"The court should dismiss the city's claim for an injunction, because the t... | [
"The court should first hold a nonjury trial of the city's claim, and then a jury trial of the issues remaining in the team's counterclaim.",
"The court should first hold a jury trial of the team's counterclaim, and then a nonjury trial of the issues remaining in the city's claim.",
"The court should dismiss th... | B |
A well-established paper mill and a logging company signed a written contract in which the mill agreed to buy from the company all the logs the mill would need for one year. The company was unable to keep up with the mill's needs, and its log deliveries fell short by 10% to 15% in each of the four quarters of the year.... | [
"$230,000.00"
] | [
"$205,000.00",
"$225,000.00",
"$232,000.00"
] | [
"$220,000.00",
"$240,000.00",
"$200,000.00",
"$250,000.00",
"$235,000.00",
"$210,000.00"
] | [
"$207,000.00",
"$227,000.00",
"$232,000.00",
"$205,000.00",
"$215,000.00",
"$250,000.00",
"$210,000.00",
"$222,000.00",
"$242,000.00"
] | [
"$205,000.00",
"$215,000.00",
"$227,000.00",
"$207,000.00",
"$222,000.00",
"$250,000.00",
"$210,000.00",
"$230,000.00",
"$225,000.00",
"$232,000.00"
] | H |
Replacing supply chains with _______ enhances the importance of product _______as well as a fundamental redesign of every activity a firm engages in that produces _______. | [
"Supply loops, Recapture, Waste"
] | [
"Global production networks, Redesign, Profit",
"Global production networks, Recapture, Waste",
"Supply loops, Redesign, Profit"
] | [
"Supply loops, Reuse, Profit",
"Local production networks, Recapture, Waste",
"Local production networks, Redesign, Profit",
"Supply chains, Redesign, Profit",
"Global production networks, Reuse, Waste",
"Supply chains, Recapture, Waste"
] | [
"Distribution networks, Innovation, Value",
"Logistics systems, Customization, Profit",
"Demand channels, Recovery, Emissions",
"Production cycles, Reuse, Output",
"Transport hubs, Retention, Efficiency",
"Resource webs, Optimization, By-products",
"Delivery grids, Diversification, Inventory",
"Procur... | [
"Supply loops, Recapture, Waste",
"Inventory loops, Enhancement, Energy",
"Global production networks, Recapture, Waste",
"Delivery grids, Diversification, Inventory",
"Production cycles, Reuse, Output",
"Global production networks, Redesign, Profit",
"Distribution networks, Innovation, Value",
"Suppl... | A |
One morning, an employee arrived at work and found his boss passed out on the floor of his office. The employee determined that his boss was not breathing, immediately rendered CPR to his boss, and succeeded in reviving him. The employee then called the paramedics, who took the boss to the hospital. Two week later, the... | [
"Since the employee gratuitously rendered assistance to the boss, there was insufficient consideration to support the boss's subsequent promise to provide the employee with lifetime employment."
] | [
"The boss had a duty to pay the employee reasonable compensation for saving his life, based upon a contract implied-in-fact.",
"The employee's act of saving the boss's life was sufficient past consideration to render enforceable the boss's subsequent promise.",
"&s per the boss's oral promise, the employee had ... | [
"The employee had a valid enforceable contract due to the boss's promise.",
"The employee's act of saving the boss's life constituted a legally enforceable contract.",
"The boss's promise was not legally binding as it was made under duress.",
"The employee's act of saving the boss's life was a gift and did no... | [
"The boss is legally required to grant lifetime employment to the employee based on the doctrine of promissory estoppel.",
"The employee is entitled to monetary compensation but not lifetime employment, since he provided lifesaving services.",
"The boss’s promise constitutes a unilateral contract that became bi... | [
"&s per the boss's oral promise, the employee had an enforceable lifetime employment contract.",
"Because the promise was made after the act was completed, it is an enforceable gift promise.",
"Since the employee gratuitously rendered assistance to the boss, there was insufficient consideration to support the b... | C |
In some circumstances, it is proposed chat heredity determines the timing and general nature of a behavior, bur thar environmental experiences at a critical time determine the specific stimulus-response connection which is learned. This form of learning is called | [
"imprinting"
] | [
"critical learning",
"maturation",
"social learning"
] | [
"operant conditioning",
"associative learning",
"habituation",
"cognitive learning",
"classical conditioning",
"observational learning"
] | [
"habituation",
"sensitization",
"classical conditioning",
"operant conditioning",
"observational learning",
"latent learning",
"insight learning",
"trial-and-error learning",
"associative learning"
] | [
"observational learning",
"social learning",
"maturation",
"classical conditioning",
"insight learning",
"critical learning",
"trial-and-error learning",
"imprinting",
"latent learning",
"sensitization"
] | H |
A homeowner awoke one night and observed a thief stealing chickens from his backyard chicken coop. He thought he saw a gun but could not tell for sure. While the thief was exiting with a sack of chickens, the homeowner got his hunting rifle and shot him dead. The authorities charged the homeowner with homicide. At the ... | [
"No, because it is not reasonable to use deadly force to prevent the theft of the chickens."
] | [
"Yes, he was authorized to use deadly force where he reasonably believed that the thief had a gun and would harm him.",
"No, because a homeowner can never legally use deadly force to stop a theft.",
"Yes, because a dwelling owner can always use deadly force to protect his property and person from an illegal tre... | [
"Yes, because the thief was committing a crime, and the homeowner had a right to defend his property.",
"No, because the homeowner should have called the authorities instead of taking matters into his own hands.",
"Yes, because the homeowner believed he saw a gun, and thus had reason to fear for his life.",
"... | [
"Yes, because any trespasser on private property forfeits legal protection.",
"Yes, since the homeowner believed the thief might be armed.",
"No, because only non-lethal force can ever be used in self-defense.",
"Yes, because the homeowner has absolute rights to defend his livestock.",
"No, because killing ... | [
"No, because killing an unarmed thief is always considered premeditated murder.",
"No, because a homeowner can never legally use deadly force to stop a theft.",
"Yes, because a dwelling owner can always use deadly force to protect his property and person from an illegal trespasser or thief.",
"Yes, because an... | F |
Congress recently enacted a statute that prohibits racial discrimination in the sale, transfer, or rental of real estate, either privately or publicly. Which of the following constitutional provisions would provide the best rationale for the enactment of this federal statute? | [
"The enforcement provision of Section 2 of the Thirteenth Amendment."
] | [
"The enforcement provision of Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"Under Article I, Congress has the power to enact laws that are \"necessary and proper\" to the general welfare.",
"The due process clause of the Fifth Amendment."
] | [
"The commerce clause of Article I.",
"The enforcement provision of Section 1 of the Nineteenth Amendment.",
"The privileges and immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"The enforcement provision of Section 2 of the Fifteenth Amendment.",
"The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
... | [
"The Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment.",
"The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.",
"The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"The Tenth Amendment’s reservation of powers to the states.",
"The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"The Commerce ... | [
"The Supremacy Clause of Article VI.",
"The due process clause of the Fifth Amendment.",
"The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.",
"The Commerce Clause of Article I, Section 8.",
"The enforcement provision of Section 2 of the Thirteenth Amendment.",
"Under Article I, Congress has the power to en... | E |
A plaintiff sued an insurance company to recover life insurance proceeds. At trial, the issue before the court is the insured's correct date of birth. Which of the following is inadmissible if offered to prove the insured's correct date of birth? | [
"A sworn affidavit from the insured's brother verifying the insured's birth date."
] | [
"A family bible with the insured's birth date inscribed on the cover.",
"A photocopy of the insured's birth certificate.",
"A family portrait engraved with the ages of the family members."
] | [
"A diary entry from the insured's mother noting the day of the insured's birth.",
"A social media post from the insured, celebrating their birthday.",
"The insured's hospital birth record.",
"A copy of the insured's driver's license with the birth date.",
"A letter from the insured's childhood friend, recal... | [
"A certified copy of the insured's birth certificate issued by the state health department.",
"Hospital records documenting the insured’s birth, including the date and attending physician’s signature.",
"The insured’s baptismal record from the church where the ceremony took place.",
"An official record from t... | [
"A certified copy of the insured's birth certificate issued by the state health department.",
"An official record from the elementary school the insured attended, listing the student’s date of birth.",
"The insured’s passport, containing the date of birth as verified by the government.",
"A family portrait en... | J |
Lizette and her family watch the sunset over the ocean. While walking home in the increasing darkness, Lizette notices that she can no longer distinguish the colors of objects. Which of the following best explains why Lizette cannot see color in dim light? | [
"Cones, which are specialized for color vision, require more light to be activated, whereas rods, which produce images in black, white, and gray, allow for vision in dim light."
] | [
"The receptive fields in the retina respond to the loss of light through light adaptation, the process of rapidly adjusting to a diminution of light.",
"Cones, which are specialized for black and white vision, require a small amount of light to be activated, whereas rods, which produce images in color, require gr... | [
"Lizette's eyes are adjusting to the darkness, hence she cannot distinguish the colors of objects.",
"The retina does not respond to changes in light intensity, therefore colors are not visible in dim light.",
"Rods and cones both require a high amount of light to be activated, hence color vision is not possibl... | [
"Lizette’s pupils shrink in the dark, allowing less colored light to enter her eyes and reach the retina.",
"The optical nerve stops transmitting color information to the brain when exposed to low light conditions.",
"Melanin in the retina absorbs all colored light at night, leaving only grayscale perception.",... | [
"Cones, which are specialized for black and white vision, require a small amount of light to be activated, whereas rods, which produce images in color, require greater amounts of light for vision.",
"The brain suppresses color vision in darkness to conserve energy during nighttime hours.",
"Color is only rememb... | G |
Object relations therapy is similar to Freudian psychodynamic therapy in its primary focus on | [
"early childhood experiences"
] | [
"the neutral role of the therapist",
"issues of attachment and separation",
"the ego, id, and superego"
] | [
"the client's interpersonal relationships in adulthood",
"the client's conscious thoughts and feelings",
"the use of cognitive behavioral strategies",
"the impact of social factors on mental health",
"the role of the family system in the client's mental health",
"the exploration of dreams and their meanin... | [
"genetic predispositions",
"conscious decision-making processes",
"current life stressors",
"behavioral conditioning techniques",
"physiological brain function",
"adult relationship satisfaction",
"cultural and societal expectations",
"problem-solving skills",
"existential anxiety"
] | [
"the neutral role of the therapist",
"cultural and societal expectations",
"adult relationship satisfaction",
"existential anxiety",
"current life stressors",
"physiological brain function",
"the ego, id, and superego",
"early childhood experiences",
"behavioral conditioning techniques",
"issues o... | H |
Tired after a long, hard day at school, Cyrus decides to take a nap. An hour later, his Dad wakes him to let him know it's time for dinner. Cyrus feels worse than when he went to bed and can hardly drag himself to the table. An EEG of Cyrus right before he was awoken would most likely have shown a preponderance of | [
"delta waves."
] | [
"sleep spindles.",
"alpha waves.",
"beta waves."
] | [
"epsilon waves.",
"theta waves.",
"zeta waves.",
"lambda waves.",
"mu waves.",
"gamma waves."
] | [
"beta waves.",
"alpha waves.",
"theta waves.",
"k-complexes.",
"sleep spindles.",
"gamma waves.",
"rapid eye movements.",
"sawtooth waves.",
"vertex sharp waves."
] | [
"delta waves.",
"beta waves.",
"alpha waves.",
"sleep spindles.",
"k-complexes.",
"theta waves.",
"gamma waves.",
"rapid eye movements.",
"vertex sharp waves.",
"sawtooth waves."
] | A |
_____________is an important element in the communication process. It recognizes that successful communications are more likely to be achieved if the source and the receiver understand each other. | [
"The realm of understanding."
] | [
"Personal selling.",
"Noise.",
"Feedback."
] | [
"The encoding-decoding process.",
"The context of the message.",
"The communication channel.",
"The use of jargon.",
"The sender-receiver model.",
"The use of technology."
] | [
"The feedback loop",
"The transmission model",
"The channel of diffusion",
"The sender's intent",
"The encoding process",
"The message format",
"The context of noise",
"The attention span",
"The emotional filter"
] | [
"The realm of understanding.",
"Noise.",
"The context of noise",
"The feedback loop",
"The message format",
"The attention span",
"Personal selling.",
"The emotional filter",
"Feedback.",
"The encoding process"
] | A |
The President announced that a newly created military rapid deployment force would be engaging in joint training exercises with the military forces in a foreign country. Following the President's announcement, Congress enacted a statute that unequivocally prohibited "the U. S. Armed Forces from conducting military exer... | [
"constitutional, because the President, in this instance, has not been called by Congress into actual service as Commander-in-Chief."
] | [
"unconstitutional, because of the President's authority to execute the laws of the United States.",
"unconstitutional, because of the President's authority as Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.",
"constitutional, because of Congressional power under the War Powers Act."
] | [
"constitutional, because the President does not have the authority to engage in foreign military exercises without Congressional approval.",
"unconstitutional, due to the violation of separation of powers.",
"constitutional, because it falls under Congress's ability to declare war.",
"constitutional, because ... | [
"unconstitutional, because it infringes on the President’s exclusive authority to control all military operations abroad.",
"unconstitutional, because only the President can regulate the timing and scope of joint military exercises with foreign nations.",
"constitutional, because Congress has the power to decla... | [
"constitutional, since the statute merely requires notification to Congress and does not impose an outright ban on military exercises.",
"unconstitutional, because it infringes on the President’s exclusive authority to control all military operations abroad.",
"unconstitutional, since the statute violates the s... | J |
Dr. Carl Carlson is a licensed psychologist and professor in the psychology department at a large university. He is approached by a graduate student, Marla M., age 36, who asks him if he’d like to attend a baseball game on Friday night. Dr. Carlson is divorced and finds Marla to be a very attractive woman. In terms of ... | [
"acting ethically as long as Marla is a student in a department other than the psychology department and will not be taking any classes in the psychology department."
] | [
"clearly violating ethical guidelines.",
"acting ethically as long as he does not become sexually involved with Marla until she is no longer affiliated with the university.",
"acting ethically since he is not the one who initiated a potential relationship."
] | [
"acting ethically as long as he discloses the relationship to his colleagues in the psychology department.",
"acting unethically only if their relationship affects Marla's academic performance.",
"clearly violating ethical guidelines, unless he has received permission from the university.",
"acting ethically ... | [
"acting unethically regardless of Marla’s department affiliation or class enrollment.",
"only acting ethically if he receives written permission from the university’s ethics committee.",
"violating university policy if he attends any off-campus event with a student.",
"required to inform his department chair ... | [
"acting ethically as long as he does not become sexually involved with Marla until she is no longer affiliated with the university.",
"acting ethically since he is not the one who initiated a potential relationship.",
"acting unethically regardless of Marla’s department affiliation or class enrollment.",
"aut... | I |
A man suffered frostbite when he spilled a soft drink on his lap that he had purchased from a restaurant. The man sued the restaurant for negligence and damages. At trial, the man's attorney calls a witness to testify that the witness also suffered frostbite when she spilled a soft drink in her lap that she had purchas... | [
"admissible to prove that the restaurant should have been aware of the danger of frostbite posed by its soft drinks."
] | [
"inadmissible, because it is not probative of a fact in issue.",
"admissible to prove the restaurant's negligence, provided that the court gives a cautionary instruction that the testimony should not be considered as bearing on the issue of damages.",
"inadmissible, because it seeks to put into evidence separat... | [
"admissible, but only to prove the restaurant's negligence and not for any claims of damages.",
"inadmissible, as it is an unrelated incident and does not prove the restaurant's negligence in the man's case.",
"admissible, as it is a similar occurrence and can prove a pattern of negligence by the restaurant.",
... | [
"inadmissible because it constitutes hearsay.",
"inadmissible because it concerns a different incident than the plaintiff's.",
"inadmissible because it is evidence of subsequent remedial measures.",
"admissible only to prove that the plaintiff did not assume the risk.",
"inadmissible because it is more prej... | [
"inadmissible because it concerns a different incident than the plaintiff's.",
"inadmissible because it constitutes hearsay.",
"inadmissible because the witness's experience is too remote in time.",
"admissible to prove the restaurant's negligence, provided that the court gives a cautionary instruction that t... | G |
A resident announced his candidacy for state representative. A law in the state requires new political entrants (regardless of party affiliation) to obtain three times the number of signatures as other candidates who have run for office previously. The resident, however, failed to obtain the necessary number of authent... | [
"The authenticating requirement was necessary to further a compelling state interest."
] | [
"A similar authenticating statute was held to be constitutional in another state the previous year.",
"Two other candidates had successfully petitioned to have their names included on the ballot.",
"The resident's petition contained a large number of false signatures."
] | [
"Other states also have similar authenticating requirements.",
"The authenticating requirement ensures that only serious and committed candidates run for office.",
"The resident did not actively campaign to get the necessary signatures.",
"The authenticating requirement was introduced to reduce the number of ... | [
"The authenticating requirement applies only to independent candidates and not to party-affiliated candidates.",
"The resident could have solicited signatures from any eligible voter in the state.",
"The authenticating requirement helps to reduce printing costs for election materials.",
"The state offered to ... | [
"The requirement affects all new aspirants equally, regardless of the office sought.",
"The resident's petition contained a large number of false signatures.",
"The authenticating requirement was necessary to further a compelling state interest.",
"Similar requirements exist in neighboring states and have not... | C |
A city designed an economic development plan to foster downtown revitalization efforts. The city's agent got a commitment from a major business corporation to build a large research center in the targeted area, which would bring new jobs and increased tax revenue. The city brought eminent domain proceedings to free up ... | [
"The taking for economic development purposes is proper because developing the city's economy constitutes a public use."
] | [
"The taking would primarily increase the business corporation's profit margins, which is insufficient to support the public use requirement.",
"The taking is improper because the major benefit will go to a private company and this contradicts the public use requirement.",
"The taking is improper because a priva... | [
"The taking is proper because the creation of new jobs is a tangible public benefit.",
"The Supreme Court will not decide as it doesn't have jurisdiction over local land disputes.",
"The taking is improper because the property owners' rights outweigh the city's economic development plans.",
"The Supreme Court... | [
"The taking is unconstitutional because the research center will be operated by a private corporation rather than the city.",
"The Supreme Court will require the city to provide replacement homes to the nine property owners before allowing the taking.",
"The taking is only proper if the city can prove the resea... | [
"The taking for economic development is improper because economic revitalization is not an acceptable public purpose.",
"The taking would primarily increase the business corporation's profit margins, which is insufficient to support the public use requirement.",
"The taking is improper because the major benefit... | F |
Which of the following is typically not a result of recognizing the importance of ethnic groups by marketers? | [
"Use of an undifferentiated one-size-fits-all marketing strategy."
] | [
"Variations in product offerings to suit the wants of a particular group.",
"Adaptation of the advertising, particularly the use of foreign languages, to the target ethnic market.",
"Study of ethnic buying habits to isolate market segments."
] | [
"Promoting only mainstream products without considering ethnic preferences.",
"Not considering the influence of ethnic backgrounds on purchasing decisions.",
"Assuming all ethnic groups have the same consumer behavior.",
"Ignoring the ethnic diversity in the target market.",
"Neglecting to conduct market re... | [
"Development of multicultural marketing campaigns.",
"Customization of products to appeal to specific ethnic groups.",
"Increased research into cultural preferences and values.",
"Targeted advertising based on cultural identity.",
"Creation of brand messages that reflect diverse backgrounds.",
"Partnershi... | [
"Creation of brand messages that reflect diverse backgrounds.",
"Study of ethnic buying habits to isolate market segments.",
"Partnerships with influencers from various ethnic communities.",
"Customization of products to appeal to specific ethnic groups.",
"Adaptation of the advertising, particularly the us... | H |
A screenwriter had just finished a screenplay for a romantic comedy. After reading the screenplay, a movie studio decided to option the screenplay for production. A lawyer for the movie studio negotiated an agreement with the screenwriter whereby the movie studio would pay the screenwriter $5,000 for the rights to the ... | [
"gratuitous assignment of future rights."
] | [
"conditional assignment.",
"equitable lien.",
"irrevocable assignment."
] | [
"non-binding agreement.",
"legal gift.",
"contractual obligation.",
"binding promise.",
"revocable gift.",
"informal contract."
] | [
"executory contract formed by mutual assent.",
"novation discharging the screenwriter’s obligations.",
"modification of the original option agreement.",
"delegation of the screenwriter’s contractual duties.",
"conditional promise supported by consideration.",
"revocable license to share in the movie right... | [
"conditional assignment.",
"gratuitous assignment of future rights.",
"trust created for the benefit of the friend.",
"irrevocable assignment.",
"revocable license to share in the movie rights.",
"conditional promise supported by consideration.",
"enforceable third-party beneficiary contract.",
"execu... | B |
Is the unlawful homicide committed by Minister of country X abroad an act jure imperii or jure gestionis? | [
"Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)"
] | [
"Such conduct is a public act but is shielded by immunity",
"Such conduct is a public act (jure imperii)",
"Such conduct never attracts immunity"
] | [
"Such conduct is a private act but is not shielded by immunity",
"Such conduct is a public act and does not attract immunity",
"Such conduct is a private act and is shielded by immunity",
"Such conduct is a public act (jure gestionis)",
"Such conduct is neither a public nor a private act",
"Such conduct i... | [
"Such conduct is always immune from prosecution under diplomatic immunity",
"Such conduct is an act of state policy (jure imperii)",
"Such conduct is classified as a purely ceremonial act",
"Such conduct is regarded as a cultural exception",
"Such conduct is subject to the principle of non-interference",
... | [
"Such conduct is an act of state policy (jure imperii)",
"Such conduct is a private act (jure gestionis)",
"Such conduct is a matter for the International Court of Justice exclusively",
"Such conduct is always immune from prosecution under diplomatic immunity",
"Such conduct is regarded as a cultural except... | B |
After learning that a new housing development was about to be built, a developer began looking for property near the housing development on which he could build a shopping center. After an extensive search, he purchased a three-acre undeveloped tract of land for the purpose of developing a small shopping center. At the... | [
"a condition precedent in form but subsequent in substance to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract."
] | [
"a condition subsequent to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.",
"not a condition, either precedent or subsequent, to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.",
"a condition subsequent in form but precedent in substance to the developer's duty to ente... | [
"a condition precedent to the developer's duty to construct the shopping center.",
"a condition subsequent in form but precedent in substance to the seller's duty to lend the $50,000.",
"a condition subsequent to the seller's duty to lend the $50,000.",
"a condition precedent to the developer's duty to repay ... | [
"a condition subsequent in both form and substance to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.",
"an illusory promise that cannot be enforced by either party.",
"an independent covenant unrelated to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.",
"a condition... | [
"consideration for the sale of the three-acre tract rather than for a subsequent construction contract.",
"a mutual mistake that renders the contract voidable at the seller's option.",
"a condition precedent in both form and substance to the developer's duty to enter into a building construction contract.",
"... | F |
A man hosted several friends at his home for dinner. Two of the guests got into an argument, and one of them got up from the table and lunged at the other with a large hunting knife. The host stepped in with a baseball bat and hit the attacker in the chest with it, preventing the imminent contact by the attacker with h... | [
"Yes, because the host had the privilege of \"defense of others.\""
] | [
"No, because the host's use of force was excessive under the circumstances.",
"Yes, because the host has the privilege of host immunity.",
"No, because the host escalated the conflict by getting involved."
] | [
"Yes, because the host's actions were justified under the doctrine of necessity.",
"No, because the host's use of a weapon escalated the situation.",
"No, because the host should have called the police instead of intervening.",
"No, because the host had a duty to retreat before using force.",
"Yes, because ... | [
"No, because the host used excessive force under the circumstances.",
"Yes, because the injured guest assumed the risk of injury by becoming violent.",
"No, because the host owed a heightened duty of care to his guests.",
"Yes, because the host’s intent was not to injure but to protect.",
"No, because the h... | [
"No, because self-defense does not apply to defending others.",
"Yes, because the host has the privilege of host immunity.",
"No, because the host intervened in a private dispute rather than calling the authorities.",
"No, because the host owed a heightened duty of care to his guests.",
"Yes, because the gu... | G |
In 1985, a widow, the undisputed owner of a cottage, leased it to a tenant for a term of seven years. Rent was to be paid in installments due on the first day of each month. One year later, in 1986, the widow died leaving no heirs. In her will, the widow left her entire estate to the Boy Scouts of America. The cottage ... | [
"the tenant subjectively believed that he no longer had permission to possess the cottage."
] | [
"the tenant's lease with the widow expired.",
"the widow died.",
"the tenant discontinued paying rent."
] | [
"the Boy Scouts of America discovered the gift in the will.",
"the tenant first moved into the cottage.",
"the widow left no heirs.",
"the tenant initially signed the lease.",
"the widow first leased the cottage.",
"the Boy Scouts of America took legal action."
] | [
"the widow died and the Boy Scouts of America became the new owner of the cottage.",
"the seven-year lease expired.",
"the tenant stopped paying rent after the widow’s death.",
"the Boy Scouts of America became aware of their ownership in 2009.",
"the statutory period for adverse possession began upon execu... | [
"the attorney for the Boy Scouts of America notified the tenant of their ownership.",
"the seven-year lease expired.",
"the tenant subjectively believed that he no longer had permission to possess the cottage.",
"the statutory period for adverse possession began upon execution of the widow's will.",
"the Bo... | C |
_______ theory can be described as a code of conduct to which all rational beings should adhere. This contrasts with ________ morality which is the code of conduct adopted by a particular group or society. | [
"Normative, Descriptive"
] | [
"Ethical, Descriptive",
"Normative, Instrumental",
"Descriptive, Normative"
] | [
"Normative, Ethical",
"Descriptive, Ethical",
"Ethical, Normative",
"Instrumental, Normative",
"Normative, Prescriptive",
"Descriptive, Prescriptive"
] | [
"Descriptive, Normative",
"Prescriptive, Contextual",
"Universal, Relative",
"Objective, Subjective",
"Absolute, Conventional",
"Rational, Cultural",
"Prescriptive, Descriptive",
"Theoretical, Practical",
"Utilitarian, Communitarian"
] | [
"Prescriptive, Contextual",
"Utilitarian, Communitarian",
"Prescriptive, Descriptive",
"Normative, Descriptive",
"Objective, Subjective",
"Normative, Instrumental",
"Universal, Relative",
"Rational, Cultural",
"Ethical, Descriptive",
"Descriptive, Normative"
] | D |
After a wife found out about her husband's infidelity, she decided to have him killed. The defendant approached a hit man to solicit his assistance in carrying out the planned murder. Although the wife believed that he was a hit man, he was, in fact, an undercover agent. The wife told the undercovr agent she would pay ... | [
"guilty of solicitation."
] | [
"not guilty of either solicitation or conspiracy to commit murder.",
"guilty of solicitation and conspiracy to commit murder.",
"guilty of conspiracy to commit murder."
] | [
"not guilty due to lack of intent.",
"guilty of attempted murder.",
"not guilty due to renouncing her participation.",
"guilty of conspiracy to commit murder and attempted murder.",
"not guilty of conspiracy to commit murder, but guilty of solicitation.",
"guilty of attempted murder and solicitation."
] | [
"not guilty because the undercover agent never intended to commit the murder.",
"not guilty because she withdrew from the plan before any payment was made.",
"guilty of attempted murder.",
"guilty only of conspiracy to commit murder.",
"not guilty because no murder actually occurred.",
"not guilty because... | [
"guilty of solicitation.",
"not guilty because she recanted and notified the police before any crime was committed.",
"guilty of attempted murder.",
"guilty of conspiracy to solicit murder.",
"guilty only of conspiracy to commit murder.",
"guilty of conspiracy to commit murder.",
"not guilty because she... | A |
A truck driver from State A and a bus driver from State B were involved in a collision in State B that injured the truck driver. The truck driver filed a federal diversity action in State B based on negligence, seeking $100,000 in damages from the bus driver. What law of negligence should the court apply? | [
"The court should determine which state's negligence law a state court in State B would apply and apply that law in this action."
] | [
"The court should apply the federal common law of negligence.",
"The court should consider the negligence law of both State A and State B and apply the law that the court believes most appropriately governs negligence in this action.",
"The court should apply the negligence law of State A, the truck driver's st... | [
"The court should apply the negligence law of the state with the highest population.",
"The court should apply international negligence law.",
"The court should apply the negligence law of the state where the truck driver's company is headquartered.",
"The court should apply the negligence law of the state wh... | [
"The court should automatically apply State A’s negligence law because the plaintiff is from State A.",
"The court should apply federal common law rules of negligence.",
"The court should use its discretion to blend the negligence laws of both State A and State B.",
"The court should apply State B’s negligenc... | [
"The court should allow the jury to decide which state's negligence law to apply.",
"The court should defer to the driver's insurance companies to determine which law to use.",
"The court should apply the negligence law of State A, the truck driver's state of citizenship.",
"The court should apply the federal... | J |
In a large city littering is always a problem. The state anti-littering statute forbids throwing trash and other matter from any vehicle onto the public roads. It's a summary offense carrying a $50 fine and no imprisonment. On the third offense, the fine is $500 and there is a 5-day jail sentence. The statute does not ... | [
"No, because this is likely a strict liability law that does not provide for defenses based on mental state."
] | [
"No, because his criminal intent is clearly established by the circumstances of the events.",
"Yes, because he didn't know what his children were doing in the back seat and he had not participated in the violation nor did he know that they did it or were going to do it.",
"Yes, because the police have no way of... | [
"No, because ignorance of the law is not a valid defense.",
"No, because as the parent, John is legally responsible for the actions of his minor children.",
"No, because the law considers the vehicle as a single entity, and therefore everyone inside is responsible.",
"Yes, because John can argue that the litt... | [
"Yes, because parents cannot be held responsible for the independent acts of their children.",
"Yes, because the statute requires a showing of criminal intent, which John lacked.",
"Yes, because the statute only applies to the person who physically throws the trash.",
"No, because John would be civilly, but n... | [
"Yes, because he didn't know what his children were doing in the back seat and he had not participated in the violation nor did he know that they did it or were going to do it.",
"Yes, because the police have no way of proving who in the car threw the garbage out the window.",
"No, because any adult in the vehi... | H |
The train operator understands customer desire for a comfortable seat but fails to specify how many should be provided relative to the anticipated number of travellers on each route. This is an example of: | [
"GAP 2-the gap between management perception and service-quality specification."
] | [
"GAP1-the gap between the customer's expectations and management perception.",
"GAP 4-the gap between service delivery and external communications.",
"GAP 3-the gap between service-quality specifications and service delivery."
] | [
"GAP 5-the gap between perceived service and expected service.",
"GAP 10-the gap between management perception and customer satisfaction.",
"GAP 7-the gap between customer expectations and perceived service.",
"GAP 8-the gap between service delivery and customer satisfaction.",
"GAP 6-the gap between servic... | [
"GAP 1-the gap between customer expectation and management perception.",
"GAP 3-the gap between service-quality specification and service delivery.",
"GAP 4-the gap between service delivery and external communications.",
"Marketing myopia-lack of focus on customer needs.",
"Service blueprinting-visualizing ... | [
"GAP1-the gap between the customer's expectations and management perception.",
"GAP 3-the gap between service-quality specifications and service delivery.",
"GAP 4-the gap between service delivery and external communications.",
"Marketing myopia-lack of focus on customer needs.",
"GAP 2-the gap between mana... | E |
A woman leased a condo from the owner for a period of one year. After six months, the owner gave the woman a written option to purchase the condo for $100,000 before the expiration of the lease. With the owner's approval, the woman spent $10,000 to have the kitchen remodeled to her personal specifications. One month be... | [
"After the woman paid to have the kitchen remodeled, an option contract resulted, because the owner knew the woman was relying on the offer to her detriment."
] | [
"Because the owner was a merchant, the written offer was irrevocable for a period not exceeding three months.",
"Because the owner's offer invited a return promise as acceptance, the woman manifested her intent to accept by remodeling the kitchen.",
"Because the woman had until the expiration of the lease to ac... | [
"Because the woman had indicated her intention to stay by remodeling the kitchen, the owner cannot revoke the option to purchase.",
"Because the woman had started using the condo as her own by remodeling it, this signified her acceptance of the purchase option.",
"Because the woman had lived in the condo for mo... | [
"The lease agreement between the woman and the owner automatically gave the woman a right to purchase the condo at the end of the lease term.",
"The written option to purchase was supported by adequate consideration because it was delivered in writing.",
"The owner’s revocation was ineffective because it occurr... | [
"The $10,000 spent on kitchen remodeling constitutes consideration for both the lease and the purchase option.",
"Because the owner's offer invited a return promise as acceptance, the woman manifested her intent to accept by remodeling the kitchen.",
"Once the remodeling was completed, its value legally obligat... | F |
During World War II, millions of Jews and other minorities were slaughtered because they were blamed for the financial and social problems of Germany. Such scapegoating illustrates | [
"displacement"
] | [
"sour grapes rationalization",
"sweet lemons rationalization",
"projection"
] | [
"sublimation",
"rationalization",
"reaction formation",
"repression",
"denial",
"regression"
] | [
"projection",
"regression",
"sublimation",
"rationalization",
"repression",
"identification",
"intellectualization",
"compensation",
"denial"
] | [
"sublimation",
"sweet lemons rationalization",
"projection",
"identification",
"denial",
"regression",
"sour grapes rationalization",
"displacement",
"intellectualization",
"rationalization"
] | H |
A homeowner wished to have his house painted. He contacted a number of house painters in his area and asked them to submit bids to do the work. The homeowner received 10 bids. The first nine offered to paint the house for amounts ranging from $10,000 to $12,500. The 10th bid was sent by telegram and was supposed to be ... | [
"that the homeowner should have been aware of the mistaken transmission, because of the disparity between its bid and the others."
] | [
"that the telegraph company should be liable as an independent contractor.",
"that the mistake made the contract unconscionable.",
"that the homeowner was under an affirmative duty to investigate all submitted bids."
] | [
"that the homeowner deliberately exploited the telegraph company's mistake.",
"that the telegraph company's mistake nullifies the contractual agreement.",
"that the homeowner's immediate acceptance of the bid was unreasonable.",
"that the discrepancy between the bid and the actual cost of painting is too larg... | [
"that all bids are revocable prior to acceptance by the homeowner.",
"that the painter never intended to submit a bid at all.",
"that the painter's bid was not in writing and therefore unenforceable under the Statute of Frauds.",
"that the acceptance was not communicated in the proper form.",
"that the tele... | [
"that all bids are revocable prior to acceptance by the homeowner.",
"that the painter never intended to submit a bid at all.",
"that the homeowner’s acceptance was ineffective because it was too prompt.",
"that the homeowner should have been aware of the mistaken transmission, because of the disparity betwee... | D |
A woman was employed as a state trooper. Although the state provides both sexes with equal pay and benefits, the state has adopted a policy that prohibits the assignment of female officers to its special undercover narcotics division. This is a moderate risk position that sometimes involves violent encounters with drug... | [
"Judgment for the woman, because the facts asserted do not demonstrate that the particular classification contained in this policy is substantially related to the advancement of an important state interest."
] | [
"Judgment for the state, because the state has articulated a rational basis for this classification and, therefore, a court may not substitute its judgment for that of responsible state officials.",
"Judgment for the state, because it is within a state's police power to insulate the terms and conditions of govern... | [
"Judgment for the woman, because gender-based discrimination in state employment violates the Equal Protection Clause.",
"Judgment for the state, because the dangerous nature of the work in the narcotics division provides a valid basis for the policy.",
"Judgment for the woman, because the state's policy is not... | [
"Judgment for the state, because states have broad discretion to assign job duties within their law enforcement agencies.",
"Judgment for the state, because the policy applies only to moderate risk assignments and is based on legitimate safety concerns.",
"Judgment for the state, because there is no evidence th... | [
"Judgment for the woman, because the terms and conditions of state government employment are privileges or immunities of state citizenship that may not be abridged by the state on the basis of gender.",
"Judgment for the state, because the state has articulated a rational basis for this classification and, theref... | J |
Of what is individual freedom to schedule work an example? | [
"Job enrichment"
] | [
"Job design",
"Job planning",
"Job rate"
] | [
"Job specification",
"Job satisfaction",
"Job security",
"Job analysis",
"Job evaluation",
"Job rotation"
] | [
"Job enlargement",
"Task analysis",
"Collective bargaining",
"Workforce downsizing",
"Labor unions",
"Employee outsourcing",
"Functional specialization",
"Management by objectives",
"Performance appraisal"
] | [
"Task analysis",
"Job enlargement",
"Workforce downsizing",
"Collective bargaining",
"Job enrichment",
"Labor unions",
"Job rate",
"Job planning",
"Management by objectives",
"Job design"
] | E |
Individuals become completely immersed in their environment and actively participate so that they affect actual performances or occurrences in the environment. This is referred to as: | [
"Escapist realm."
] | [
"Entertainment realm.",
"Educational realm.",
"Aesthetic realm."
] | [
"Simulation realm.",
"Immersive realm.",
"Realistic realm.",
"Participatory realm.",
"Interactive realm.",
"Experiential realm."
] | [
"Passive absorption",
"Observational realm",
"Imaginative engagement",
"Reflective participation",
"Experience sampling",
"Expressive realm",
"Mediated immersion",
"Participatory observation",
"Interactive facilitation"
] | [
"Mediated immersion",
"Expressive realm",
"Participatory observation",
"Imaginative engagement",
"Observational realm",
"Educational realm.",
"Aesthetic realm.",
"Reflective participation",
"Escapist realm.",
"Entertainment realm."
] | I |
In 1993, a farmer had good record title to a farm in fee simple absolute. In 1994, the farmer delivered to his son, for a sum of $1,000, a deed signed by the farmer, naming the son and his heirs as grantee, and appearing valid on its face. The son neglected to record the deed. In 1998, an investor, aware of the existen... | [
"The professor."
] | [
"The investor.",
"The teacher.",
"The rancher."
] | [
"The professor, only if he had searched the title prior to his purchase.",
"The rancher, if he could prove he paid the highest price.",
"The farmer, if he could prove the initial sale to his son was invalid.",
"The farmer's son.",
"The teacher, if he could prove he visited the farm regularly.",
"The inves... | [
"The teacher.",
"The rancher.",
"The investor.",
"The farmer.",
"The son.",
"The investor and the rancher as tenants in common.",
"The son and the rancher as tenants by the entirety.",
"The professor and the teacher as joint tenants.",
"The teacher and the professor as tenants in common."
] | [
"The teacher.",
"The son and the rancher as tenants by the entirety.",
"The farmer.",
"The teacher and the professor as tenants in common.",
"The investor and the rancher as tenants in common.",
"The rancher.",
"The professor.",
"The investor.",
"The professor and the teacher as joint tenants.",
"... | G |
A federal grand jury was investigating a corporation whose tanker ship had spilled crude oil into environmentally sensitive waters. The grand jury issued a subpoena requiring the corporation to produce all emails and internal documents regarding the corporation's knowledge of the risks of an oil spill. The corporation ... | [
"Yes, because a corporation has no Fifth Amendment privilege."
] | [
"No, because the corporation was not granted use-and-derivative-use immunity.",
"No, because the corporation was not granted transactional immunity.",
"Yes, because the Fifth Amendment privilege does not apply to the compelled production of documents."
] | [
"Yes, because the Fifth Amendment privilege only applies to personal testimonies.",
"No, because the documents are protected under attorney-client privilege.",
"No, because a corporation has the same Fifth Amendment rights as an individual.",
"No, because the subpoena violates the corporation's Fourth Amendme... | [
"No, because the subpoena amounts to compulsory self-incrimination for the corporation.",
"No, because corporations have the same constitutional protections as individuals.",
"Yes, unless the corporation can prove that producing the documents would be incriminating.",
"No, because the documents are privileged... | [
"Yes, but only after a court determines the documents are not self-incriminating.",
"Yes, because the Fifth Amendment privilege does not apply to the compelled production of documents.",
"No, because the corporation was not granted use-and-derivative-use immunity.",
"Yes, only if the documents are relevant to... | G |
An elderly woman was mugged and robbed on a public street. At the time of the offense, the victim only saw her assailant's eyes. A hooded sweatshirt and bandana concealed the rest of his face. A few days later, while the victim waited to be interviewed, she observed the defendant being escorted through the courthouse, ... | [
"No, because it is not reliable enough and there was too much suggestion to make a reasonably accurate identification."
] | [
"Yes, because the witness' recognition of someone is all that is needed; the reliability or credibility of it is subject to cross examination.",
"No, because prior statements of identification are considered hearsay and never allowed into evidence.",
"Yes, if the witness perceived the perpetrator by seeing his ... | [
"No, because the defendant was restrained which could have influenced the victim's identification.",
"Yes, the identification is allowed into evidence regardless of the circumstances.",
"Yes, because the victim had a few days to recall the perpetrator's eyes.",
"Yes, because the defendant was in jail clothing... | [
"Yes, because the victim made the identification in person and was confident in her choice.",
"Yes, because the defendant was already in custody, making the identification permissible.",
"No, because identifications made outside of a police lineup are never admissible.",
"Yes, because any eyewitness testimony... | [
"Yes, because the victim made the identification in person and was confident in her choice.",
"No, because identification at the courthouse is considered hearsay.",
"No, because the victim did not identify the defendant during the actual robbery.",
"Yes, because the victim observed the defendant at the courth... | G |
One night, a victim was in her home when she heard the doorbell ring. When the victim opened the door, she was confronted by three defendants. They pushed the victim inside her house and threatened her with bodily harm if she didn't cooperate. After tying her up with ropes, the trio then proceeded to ransack the victim... | [
"Robbery and burglary."
] | [
"Robbery only.",
"Assault, battery, and robbery.",
"Larceny, robbery, and burglary."
] | [
"Assault only.",
"Kidnapping, assault, and robbery.",
"Kidnapping and larceny.",
"Kidnapping, larceny, and burglary.",
"Larceny and assault.",
"Assault, battery, larceny, and burglary."
] | [
"Trespass and larceny.",
"Assault and battery.",
"False imprisonment and theft.",
"Home invasion and extortion.",
"Grand theft auto and kidnapping.",
"Aggravated assault and vandalism.",
"Embezzlement and trespass.",
"Burglary and arson.",
"Shoplifting and conspiracy."
] | [
"Embezzlement and trespass.",
"Trespass and larceny.",
"Larceny, robbery, and burglary.",
"Robbery and burglary.",
"Burglary and arson.",
"Assault, battery, and robbery.",
"Aggravated assault and vandalism.",
"Home invasion and extortion.",
"Assault and battery.",
"Robbery only."
] | D |
What is termed “catharsis” in psychoanalytic theory might be described by behaviorists as | [
"reduction of emotional response by an extinction procedure"
] | [
"redirection of anxiety because of therapeutic influences",
"a decrease in affective responses because of therapeutic directions to the client to make such decreases",
"inhibition of emotional response because of learned cognitive controls"
] | [
"a method to address suppressed traumatic experiences",
"an elevation of emotional response due to cognitive behavior therapy",
"a shift in behavioral patterns due to therapeutic suggestions",
"a control of emotional response due to positive reinforcement",
"a decrease in anxiety levels due to mindfulness t... | [
"reinforcement of conditioned behavior",
"development of learned helplessness",
"establishment of stimulus generalization",
"occurrence of spontaneous recovery",
"process of shaping complex responses",
"increase in response strength through punishment",
"pairing of neutral and unconditioned stimuli",
... | [
"use of negative reinforcement to modify behavior",
"reduction of emotional response by an extinction procedure",
"inhibition of emotional response because of learned cognitive controls",
"pairing of neutral and unconditioned stimuli",
"habituation to repeated stimuli",
"establishment of stimulus generali... | B |
Asking the “miracle question” is an initial intervention in which type of therapy? | [
"solution-focused"
] | [
"transtheoretical",
"REBT",
"interpersonal"
] | [
"family systems",
"psychodynamic",
"gestalt",
"cognitive-behavioral",
"humanistic",
"dialectical behavior"
] | [
"cognitive-behavioral",
"psychodynamic",
"dialectical behavior",
"humanistic",
"gestalt",
"existential",
"narrative",
"interpersonal",
"acceptance and commitment"
] | [
"acceptance and commitment",
"psychodynamic",
"existential",
"transtheoretical",
"solution-focused",
"gestalt",
"interpersonal",
"humanistic",
"dialectical behavior",
"REBT"
] | E |
What are the three differing types of stakeholder theory according to Donaldson and Preston (1995)? | [
"Normative, Descriptive and Instrumental"
] | [
"Normative, Moral and Instrumental",
"Political, Descriptive and Instrumental",
"Normative, Descriptive and Economic"
] | [
"Normative, Political and Economic",
"Political, Descriptive and Economic",
"Normative, Descriptive and Political",
"Normative, Moral and Economic",
"Normative, Instrumental and Economic",
"Moral, Descriptive and Instrumental"
] | [
"Agential, Transactional and Functional",
"Relational, Operational and Strategic",
"Analytical, Contextual and Systemic",
"Ethical, Managerial and Structural",
"Collaborative, Comparative and Decision-based",
"Regulatory, Procedural and Dynamic",
"Social, Economic and Political",
"Prescriptive, Evalua... | [
"Normative, Descriptive and Instrumental",
"Political, Descriptive and Instrumental",
"Agential, Transactional and Functional",
"Normative, Descriptive and Economic",
"Ethical, Managerial and Structural",
"Normative, Moral and Instrumental",
"Relational, Operational and Strategic",
"Regulatory, Proced... | A |
Police officers had probable cause to believe that drug dealing was routinely taking place in a particular room at a local motel. The motel manager authorized the officers to enter the room and provided them with a passkey. Without obtaining a warrant, the officers knocked on the room's door, announced their presence, ... | [
"No, because exigent circumstances justified the officers' entry."
] | [
"Yes, because the officers cannot benefit from exigent circumstances that they created.",
"Yes, because exigent circumstances cannot excuse the lack of a warrant.",
"No, because the motel manager consented to the officers' entry."
] | [
"No, because the sound of flushing toilet provided sufficient reason for immediate entry.",
"Yes, because the motel manager did not have the authority to consent to the officers' entry.",
"Yes, because the officers did not have a search warrant.",
"Yes, because the officers should have waited for the occupant... | [
"No, because the motel manager’s consent made the entry lawful.",
"No, because drug offenses are not protected by the Fourth Amendment.",
"No, because knocking and announcing negates any privacy expectation.",
"Yes, because a warrantless search was not justified by the manager’s consent alone.",
"Yes, becau... | [
"No, because drug offenses are not protected by the Fourth Amendment.",
"Yes, because the officers cannot benefit from exigent circumstances that they created.",
"Yes, because the officers failed to arrest the occupants prior to entering.",
"No, because knocking and announcing negates any privacy expectation.... | H |
Functionally, receptors in the retina of the eye differ most from receptors in the cochlea of the ear in the | [
"types of energy they transduce"
] | [
"magnitude of the resting potentials of their membranes",
"number of axons each cell possesses",
"ions involved in their action potentials"
] | [
"size and structure of their cells",
"ability to regenerate after damage",
"speed at which they transmit signals",
"degree of sensitivity to external stimuli",
"length of their refractory periods",
"location of their synapses"
] | [
"mechanisms of neurotransmitter release",
"speed of action potential propagation",
"involvement in voluntary muscle movement",
"degree of vascularization",
"number of synaptic connections",
"level of adaptation to repeated stimulation",
"ability to regenerate after injury",
"influence on circadian rhy... | [
"speed of action potential propagation",
"involvement in voluntary muscle movement",
"types of energy they transduce",
"number of synaptic connections",
"ions involved in their action potentials",
"influence on circadian rhythms",
"mechanisms of neurotransmitter release",
"number of axons each cell po... | C |
Mary, a wealthy St. Petersburg widow, executed her first and only will on May 15, 1990 and died on August 18, 1990. Her will provided that her estate be divided equally between her only child, Joan, and the Salvation Army of Largo. How will Mary's estate actually be distributed? | [
"50% to Joan and 50% to the Salvation Army."
] | [
"50% to Joan and the income from the remaining 50% to Joan for life, remainder to the Salvation Army, if Joan files a timely petition protesting the devise to the Salvation Army.",
"100% to Joan if she files a timely petition requesting that the devise to the Salvation Army be avoided.",
"100% to Joan."
] | [
"The estate is divided equally between Joan and the Salvation Army, but Joan has the option to reject her share.",
"50% to Joan and the income from the remaining 50% to the Salvation Army for life, remainder to Joan.",
"The estate is held in trust with Joan as the beneficiary during her lifetime, then transferr... | [
"100% to Joan.",
"100% to the Salvation Army.",
"75% to Joan and 25% to the Salvation Army.",
"25% to Joan and 75% to the Salvation Army.",
"50% to Joan and 50% to the Red Cross.",
"100% to the state of Florida.",
"60% to Joan, 20% to the Salvation Army, and 20% to Mary's attorney.",
"40% to Joan and ... | [
"100% to the Salvation Army.",
"33% to Joan, 33% to the Salvation Army, and 34% to Mary's church.",
"60% to Joan, 20% to the Salvation Army, and 20% to Mary's attorney.",
"50% to Joan and 50% to the Salvation Army.",
"100% to Joan if she files a timely petition requesting that the devise to the Salvation Ar... | D |
A student lent his classmate his car to attend a concert at a theater. Before going to the theater, the classmate drove to a dealer's home to buy some marijuana. The dealer lived approximately two miles from the theater. After picking up the marijuana, the classmate then drove to the concert. As he was driving to the c... | [
"nothing, because the classmate was not negligent in causing the car's damage."
] | [
"the value of the car before it was damaged because the classmate used the car for a purpose other than that for which it was lent.",
"the value of the car before it was damaged because the car was damaged while under the classmate's dominion and control.",
"the cost of repairing the car because the car was dam... | [
"the cost of repairing the car because the classmate used the car for an illegal purpose.",
"nothing, because the damage was caused by a third party not in control of the car.",
"the cost of repairing the car because the classmate was driving under the influence of marijuana.",
"nothing, because the car was d... | [
"the full amount of damages, because the classmate was engaged in illegal activity while using the car.",
"only half the damages, because both parties shared responsibility for the loss.",
"nothing, because the student consented to the classmate's use of the car, assuming the risk of any damages.",
"the amoun... | [
"the classmate’s insurance policy deductible, because the classmate was at fault for parking in an unsafe area.",
"the value of the car before it was damaged because the classmate used the car for a purpose other than that for which it was lent.",
"punitive damages, because the classmate was engaged in criminal... | E |
According to Kubler-Ross, when a terminally ill patient is informed of his/her condition, the patient's initial reaction will likely be | [
"“No. it’s not possible!”"
] | [
"“I hate everybody and everything!”",
"“If you help me, God, I’ll reform my life!”",
"“I give up: I'm powerless!”"
] | [
"\"Can we negotiate a deal, God?\"",
"\"I don't believe in terminal illnesses.\"",
"\"I'm not scared, I'm ready.\"",
"\"I knew this was coming.\"",
"\"I'll fight this and win.\"",
"\"Why me? It's not fair!\""
] | [
"“What can I do to change this outcome?”",
"“I need to make sure my family is taken care of.”",
"“How much time do I have left?”",
"“I’m grateful for the time I’ve had.”",
"“Will my insurance cover everything?”",
"“I hope they made a mistake with my diagnosis.”",
"“Let me focus on treatment options now.... | [
"“How much time do I have left?”",
"“What can I do to change this outcome?”",
"“I hate everybody and everything!”",
"“Can I get a second opinion before accepting this?”",
"“If you help me, God, I’ll reform my life!”",
"“No. it’s not possible!”",
"“I give up: I'm powerless!”",
"“Let me focus on treatme... | F |
Over the last several years, the economy of a state has substantially changed. The state's economy used to be based solely on heavy industry. However, the state legislature approved legalized gambling within the state. As a consequence, many casinos and new hotels were built and the state's economy boomed. These moves ... | [
"The commerce clause."
] | [
"The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"The privileges and immunities clause of Article IV, Section 2.",
"The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment."
] | [
"The full faith and credit clause of Article IV, Section 1.",
"The third amendment's prohibition against quartering soldiers.",
"The establishment clause of the First Amendment.",
"The contract clause of Article I, Section 10.",
"The fourth amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures."... | [
"The equal protection clause.",
"The takings clause.",
"The privileges and immunities clause.",
"The due process clause.",
"The contract clause.",
"The establishment clause.",
"The Tenth Amendment.",
"The ex post facto clause.",
"The Fourth Amendment."
] | [
"The takings clause.",
"The privileges and immunities clause of Article IV, Section 2.",
"The equal protection clause.",
"The privileges and immunities clause.",
"The commerce clause.",
"The contract clause.",
"The ex post facto clause.",
"The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.",
"... | E |
The scores of Brian's team on the quiz were: 8, 6, 9, 7, 10, 9, 5, 4, 9. The median of the team's scores is | [
"8"
] | [
"7",
"9",
"7.5"
] | [
"10",
"9.5",
"6",
"6.5",
"8.5",
"7.8"
] | [
"6",
"7",
"9",
"10",
"5",
"7.5",
"4",
"8.5",
"6.5"
] | [
"6.5",
"8",
"7",
"7.5",
"6",
"9",
"5",
"8.5",
"10",
"4"
] | B |
A bank was robbed by a person wearing a yellow ski mask, goggles, and a fluorescent yellow jumpsuit. Three weeks after the robbery, a defendant was arrested and charged with the crime. At trial, the prosecuting attorney seeks to introduce evidence that the defendant had previously committed a robbery wearing a yellow s... | [
"admissible, to show the identity of the defendant."
] | [
"admissible as circumstantial evidence that the defendant committed the crime as charged.",
"inadmissible, because the probative value of the evidence is outweighed by the danger of unfair prejudice.",
"inadmissible, because it constitutes improper character evidence."
] | [
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay evidence.",
"inadmissible, because it constitutes double jeopardy.",
"inadmissible, because it is irrelevant to the case.",
"admissible, to show the defendant's propensity for committing similar crimes.",
"admissible, to show the defendant's modus operandi.",
"admissib... | [
"inadmissible, because prior bad acts are never relevant in criminal trials.",
"inadmissible, unless the defendant testifies and places his character at issue.",
"inadmissible, because the prosecution is trying to prove propensity to commit crimes.",
"inadmissible, unless the defendant's motive is directly ch... | [
"admissible, to show the identity of the defendant.",
"admissible as circumstantial evidence that the defendant committed the crime as charged.",
"inadmissible, because it constitutes improper character evidence.",
"inadmissible, because it is unduly prejudicial and violates due process.",
"inadmissible, un... | A |
A brick mason was hired by a builder under a written one-year contract, at an annual salary of $45,000, with employment to begin on March 1. Because the builder was unable to secure enough building contracts to keep all its employees busy during the season beginning March 1, it notified the brick mason on February 15 t... | [
"$45,000 (the contract price)."
] | [
"Nothing, because the mason did not mitigate his damages.",
"$20,000 (the $45,000 contract price less the $25,000 the mason could have earned in other employment).",
"Nothing, because the builder did not act in bad faith when it discharged the mason."
] | [
"$20,000 (the difference between the mason's contract price and the salary offered for the night guard position).",
"Nothing, because the mason turned down a reasonable alternative employment offer.",
"$45,000 plus damages for emotional distress.",
"$25,000 (the amount he could have earned as a day laborer)."... | [
"$0, because the mason failed to mitigate his damages by accepting other employment.",
"$25,000, representing the amount the mason could have earned as a day laborer.",
"$20,000, the difference between the contract price and the alternative night guard salary offered.",
"$45,000 minus the amount the mason cou... | [
"$45,000 minus the amount the mason could have earned as a day laborer.",
"$0, because the contract was terminated before performance began.",
"$20,000, the difference between the mason's salary and the highest paying alternative job available.",
"$45,000 minus the amount the mason could have earned as a nigh... | I |
A woman broke her leg while skiing. She was taken to a hospital where she was treated by a doctor who determined that the woman would need surgery to set the broken bones so that they would heal properly. During the surgery, the doctor inserted several metal screws into the woman's leg to hold the bones together. Altho... | [
"not prevail, because the doctor and the hospital will be treated as service providers rather than product sellers."
] | [
"prevail, because the doctor and the hospital provided a product to her that was defective and unreasonably dangerous.",
"not prevail, because the doctor and the hospital did not manufacture the screws and, therefore, the defect in the screws was not their fault.",
"prevail, because the doctor and the hospital ... | [
"not prevail, because the doctor and the hospital can argue that the defect was not apparent during the surgery.",
"prevail, because the doctor and the hospital failed to provide a follow-up check on the screws used.",
"prevail, because the hospital and the doctor were negligent in their duty to ensure the safe... | [
"prevail, because the hospital supplied the screws as part of the surgical procedure.",
"prevail, because strict tort liability applies to anyone in the chain of distribution of a defective product.",
"not prevail, because she was contributorily negligent by participating in a dangerous sport.",
"prevail, bec... | [
"prevail, because the doctor and the hospital probably would have realized the screws were defective if they had carefully examined them.",
"not prevail, because the screws were manufactured by a third party, not the doctor or hospital.",
"not prevail, because there was no express warranty regarding the quality... | H |
A defendant was charged with illegally selling arms to a foreign country without a government license. During the trial, the defendant admitted selling the weapons, which included missiles, rocket launchers, bazookas, and ammunition, to agents of the foreign country. In his defense, however, the defendant testified tha... | [
"admissible, because it shows the absence of an entry in the record of a public agency."
] | [
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay not within any recognized exception.",
"admissible, because the official had firsthand knowledge of the information contained in the agency's employment records.",
"inadmissible, because the agency employment records are the best evidence to substantiate whether the defendan... | [
"inadmissible, because it is an opinion rather than a fact.",
"inadmissible, because the official's statement is speculative and not based on concrete evidence.",
"admissible, because the official is an authoritative figure in the agency.",
"admissible, because it directly contradicts the defendant's testimon... | [
"inadmissible, because it constitutes hearsay.",
"inadmissible, because the official lacked personal knowledge about the defendant's employment status.",
"inadmissible, because it is self-serving testimony by the government.",
"inadmissible, because secondary evidence of records is not permitted.",
"inadmis... | [
"admissible, because it shows the absence of an entry in the record of a public agency.",
"inadmissible, because testimony about agency practices is considered opinion evidence.",
"inadmissible, because secondary evidence of records is not permitted.",
"inadmissible, because the official lacked personal knowl... | A |
An athlete hoped to sign a contract with a professional baseball team to play baseball. He had succeeded in arranging for a tryout at the baseball team's training facilities in a neighboring state. Short on funds and needing a way to get to the training facilities, the athlete approached his friend and said, "If you wi... | [
"a purported assignment of a right expected to arise under a contract not in existence operates only as a promise to assign the right when it arises and as a power to enforce it."
] | [
"a contract to make a future assignment of a right is not a validly enforceable assignment.",
"the friend did not detrimentally rely on the assignment prior to the attempted revocation of the assignment by the athlete.",
"a gratuitous assignment is revocable, and the right of the assignee is terminated by the a... | [
"the assignment was not in writing, therefore it is not enforceable.",
"the assignment was not fair and reasonable, therefore it can be revoked.",
"the athlete was under duress when making the assignment, rendering it unenforceable.",
"the assignment is unenforceable because the athlete's contract with the ba... | [
"a gratuitous promise is generally enforceable if made in a signed writing.",
"an assignment is irrevocable if the assignee gives consideration for the assignment.",
"a contract for services is not assignable unless consented to by the promisor.",
"the statute of frauds requires that assignments of interests ... | [
"a purported assignment of a right expected to arise under a contract not in existence operates only as a promise to assign the right when it arises and as a power to enforce it.",
"a contract for services is not assignable unless consented to by the promisor.",
"a contract to make a future assignment of a righ... | A |
A defendant met her friend at the electronics store where the friend worked. Unbeknownst to the defendant, her friend had taken a music player from the display case and stuffed it in her bag earlier in the day. Knowing that employees are subject to search when they leave the store, the friend surreptitiously put the mu... | [
"neither receiving stolen property nor larceny."
] | [
"larceny.",
"receiving stolen property.",
"receiving stolen property and larceny."
] | [
"possession of stolen property.",
"burglary.",
"theft.",
"robbery.",
"conspiracy to commit theft.",
"aiding and abetting theft."
] | [
"larceny, but not receiving stolen property.",
"receiving stolen property, but not larceny.",
"both receiving stolen property and larceny.",
"burglary, but not receiving stolen property or larceny.",
"embezzlement, but not receiving stolen property or larceny.",
"theft by false pretenses, but not larceny ... | [
"burglary, but not receiving stolen property or larceny.",
"receiving stolen property, but not larceny.",
"larceny, but not receiving stolen property.",
"receiving stolen property.",
"larceny.",
"embezzlement, but not receiving stolen property or larceny.",
"attempted larceny, but not receiving stolen p... | I |
_______ working practices refer to working patterns which involve temporal, spatial and task related fluidity. | [
"Flexible"
] | [
"Modern",
"Fluid",
"Dynamic"
] | [
"Agile",
"Transformative",
"Progressive",
"Adaptable",
"Innovative",
"Contemporary"
] | [
"Rigid",
"Fixed",
"Traditional",
"Static",
"Systematic",
"Structured",
"Formal",
"Uniform",
"Regular"
] | [
"Formal",
"Modern",
"Fluid",
"Dynamic",
"Static",
"Traditional",
"Flexible",
"Rigid",
"Uniform",
"Systematic"
] | G |
_____ is a key driving force shaping the current and future state of business ethics, in particular regarding _____, ______ and _____ related issues. | [
"Globalisation, Cultural, Legal, Accountability"
] | [
"Globalisation, Technological, Financial, Accountability",
"Privatisation, Cultural, Legal, Accountability",
"Nationalisation, Cultural, Environmental, Accountability"
] | [
"Globalisation, Economic, Legal, Accountability",
"Privatisation, Technological, Financial, Accountability",
"Nationalisation, Technological, Environmental, Accountability",
"Nationalisation, Economic, Legal, Accountability",
"Privatisation, Economic, Environmental, Accountability",
"Globalisation, Cultur... | [
"Digitalisation, Economic, Environmental, Transparency",
"Innovation, Social, Environmental, Responsibility",
"Urbanisation, Financial, Legal, Sustainability",
"Technology, Political, Legal, Diversity",
"Regulation, Operational, Technological, Compliance",
"Automation, Demographic, Cultural, Efficiency",
... | [
"Urbanisation, Financial, Legal, Sustainability",
"Nationalisation, Cultural, Environmental, Accountability",
"Regulation, Operational, Technological, Compliance",
"Automation, Demographic, Cultural, Efficiency",
"Privatisation, Cultural, Legal, Accountability",
"Globalisation, Technological, Financial, A... | I |
Two men agreed to burglarize a home. While they were planning the burglary, the two men learned that the home had a sophisticated alarm system that needed to be disarmed. One of the men told the other that he knew an alarm specialist who could help disarm the security system. One of the men then approached the alarm sp... | [
"The two men and the alarm specialist are guilty of conspiracy."
] | [
"The two men and the alarm specialist are guilty of both conspiracy and attempted burglary.",
"The two men are guilty of conspiracy and the two men and the alarm specialist are guilty of attempted burglary.",
"The two men are guilty of conspiracy."
] | [
"The two men are not guilty of any crime, and the alarm specialist is guilty of conspiracy and attempted burglary.",
"The two men are guilty of attempted burglary, but not conspiracy. The alarm specialist is not guilty of any crime.",
"The two men and the alarm specialist are guilty of attempted burglary, but n... | [
"The two men are guilty of attempt, but the alarm specialist is not guilty of any crime.",
"The two men are not guilty of conspiracy because they abandoned the plan before committing the burglary.",
"Only the alarm specialist is criminally liable because he provided information on how to disarm the system.",
... | [
"The two men and the alarm specialist are all guilty of attempted burglary.",
"The alarm specialist is guilty of aiding and abetting the planned burglary.",
"The two men are not guilty of conspiracy because they abandoned the plan before committing the burglary.",
"The two men and the alarm specialist are gui... | D |
A city entered into a small-cost construction contract with a construction company whereby the latter obligated themselves to perform certain minor sewer repair work. Two months after completion of the work, the company sued the city for its failure to pay under the terms of the contract. At trial, the company's constr... | [
"admissible, because it is based on firsthand knowledge."
] | [
"inadmissible, because such testimony would be violative of the best evidence rule.",
"inadmissible, because no evidence was introduced to show that the original log records are not available for examination.",
"admissible, because it is a report of regularly conducted business activities."
] | [
"admissible, because it is relevant to the case.",
"admissible, because the supervisor is a credible witness.",
"inadmissible, because it would be hearsay evidence.",
"inadmissible, because the information is not relevant to the case.",
"admissible, because the supervisor was directly involved in the constr... | [
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay not within an exception.",
"inadmissible, because the best evidence rule requires production of the log books.",
"admissible, only if the supervisor personally made the log book entries.",
"inadmissible, because the information constitutes opinion rather than fact.",
"in... | [
"admissible, only if the supervisor provides copies of the log books.",
"admissible, because it is a report of regularly conducted business activities.",
"admissible, only if the city consents to the testimony.",
"inadmissible, because the supervisor lacks foundation to testify about company records.",
"ina... | J |
Jim and Tim are identical (monozygotic) twins that were reared together. Scott and Michael are fraternal (dizygotic) twins that were reared together. Given the results of heritability studies of intelligence, which of the following outcomes are most likely to emerge? | [
"Jim and Tim will have very similar IQs."
] | [
"Neither pair will have similar IQs.",
"Scott and Michael will have very similar IQs.",
"Both pairs will have very similar IQs."
] | [
"Jim and Tim will have similar IQs, but Scott and Michael will not.",
"Jim will have a similar IQ to Scott, and Tim will have a similar IQ to Michael.",
"Scott and Michael will have vastly different IQs.",
"IQ cannot be measured in twins.",
"Both pairs will have vastly different IQs.",
"Jim and Tim will h... | [
"Jim and Tim will have less similar IQs than Scott and Michael.",
"Scott and Michael will have identical IQs, while Jim and Tim will not.",
"Environmental factors will make Jim and Tim's IQs completely different.",
"The IQs of both pairs of twins will be equally dissimilar.",
"Jim and Tim will have lower IQ... | [
"Jim and Tim's IQs will differ more as they get older due to genetic divergence.",
"Jim and Tim will have lower IQs than Scott and Michael because they are monozygotic.",
"Scott and Michael will have identical IQs because they were reared together.",
"Jim and Tim will have very similar IQs.",
"Neither pair ... | D |
One evening, an undercover narcotics agent, with the help of a confidential informant, met with a man. The man took the agent to the home of a drug dealer, who sold the agent four pounds of marijuana. At trial, the drug dealer claimed the defense of entrapment and demanded that the informant's identity be disclosed and... | [
"Yes, because informants would not assist in crime prevention unless they were reasonably certain that their identities would be kept secret."
] | [
"No, because under the Fifth Amendment, a defendant has the right to be confronted by witnesses against him.",
"Yes, because an informant has a Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination.",
"No, because under the Sixth Amendment, a defendant has the right to a fair trial."
] | [
"No, because the drug dealer has a right to face his accuser.",
"Yes, because revealing the identity of the informant could jeopardize ongoing investigations.",
"No, because the informant's testimony could be crucial for the defense's entrapment claim.",
"Yes, because the man was a fugitive and the government... | [
"No, because the defendant has an absolute right to confront all witnesses involved in the investigation.",
"Yes, because the informant's testimony is never relevant in an entrapment defense.",
"No, because the defense of entrapment automatically requires disclosure of all participants’ identities.",
"Yes, be... | [
"No, because under the Fifth Amendment, a defendant has the right to be confronted by witnesses against him.",
"Yes, because an informant has a Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination.",
"No, because any participant in a criminal investigation is considered a material witness whose identity must be... | F |
A mother complains thar her 15-year-old daughter “lives like a pig, she is so sloppy and dirty.” She adds, “The more I yell at her, the worse she gets.” In operant conditioning terms, the yelling can best be explained as | [
"positive reinforcement"
] | [
"punishment",
"negative reinforcement",
"a discriminating stimulus for the sloppy behavior"
] | [
"negative punishment",
"an unconditioned stimulus",
"a neutral stimulus",
"a conditioned stimulus",
"a conditioned response",
"extinction"
] | [
"negative reinforcement",
"punishment",
"extinction",
"learned helplessness",
"modeling",
"classical conditioning",
"overjustification effect",
"habituation",
"shaping"
] | [
"extinction",
"negative reinforcement",
"modeling",
"a discriminating stimulus for the sloppy behavior",
"overjustification effect",
"punishment",
"positive reinforcement",
"habituation",
"classical conditioning",
"learned helplessness"
] | G |
A state legislature passed a law requiring state universities to have male and female students live in separate dormitory facilities. The law was passed in order to curtail the increasing number of co-ed pregnancies on college campuses. Two students at a state university are engaged to be married and wish to share a do... | [
"Since the law does not affect a fundamental right or involve gender discrimination, the burden is on the plaintiffs to show that it is not rationally related to a legitimate governmental interest."
] | [
"Since the law deals with the fundamental right of privacy, the state must show that it furthers a compelling state interest.",
"Since the law involves gender discrimination, the state must prove that the law is substantially related to an important state interest.",
"Since the law deals with the freedom of ass... | [
"Since the law involves marital discrimination, the state must prove that the law is substantially related to an important state interest.",
"Since the law involves gender discrimination, the state must show that it furthers a compelling state interest.",
"Since the law deals with the freedom of association, th... | [
"The university must prove that the law is the least restrictive means of achieving a compelling governmental interest.",
"The plaintiffs must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the law violates their constitutional rights.",
"The state must demonstrate that the law is substantially related to achieving an im... | [
"Since the law does not affect a fundamental right or involve gender discrimination, the burden is on the plaintiffs to show that it is not rationally related to a legitimate governmental interest.",
"Since the law deals with the fundamental right of privacy, the state must show that it furthers a compelling stat... | A |
What theory is built around the principle that 'people make choices regarding how to behave based on values and beliefs'? | [
"Expectancy"
] | [
"Contingency",
"Classical",
"Instrumental"
] | [
"Social Learning",
"Operant Conditioning",
"Evolutionary",
"Psychoanalytic",
"Cognitive Dissonance",
"Humanistic"
] | [
"Attribution",
"Operant Conditioning",
"Cognitive Dissonance",
"Maslow's Hierarchy",
"Social Learning",
"Equity",
"Herzberg's Two-Factor",
"Drive Reduction",
"Classical Conditioning"
] | [
"Classical Conditioning",
"Maslow's Hierarchy",
"Social Learning",
"Herzberg's Two-Factor",
"Expectancy",
"Equity",
"Contingency",
"Instrumental",
"Attribution",
"Classical"
] | E |
After three sessions with a therapy client, Dr. Leonard Lykowski realizes that he’s feeling somewhat hostile toward the client because she reminds him of his wife who he’s currently divorcing. Dr. Lykowski’s best course of action would be to: | [
"consult with another psychologist to determine whether or not to continue seeing the client in therapy."
] | [
"refer the client to another therapist after discussing the reason with her.",
"recognize that his feelings are the result of countertransference and continue to work with the client.",
"refer the client to another therapist without telling the client the reason for the referral."
] | [
"Seek personal therapy to manage his feelings and continue working with the client.",
"Express his hostility toward the client during the session.",
"Terminate the therapy sessions without any explanation.",
"Discuss his personal situation with the client to create transparency.",
"Ignore his feelings and c... | [
"continue seeing the client and attempt to manage his feelings on his own.",
"immediately terminate therapy with the client without explanation.",
"ignore his feelings since they are a normal part of the therapeutic process.",
"ask the client to switch to another therapist.",
"discuss his feelings of hostil... | [
"ignore his feelings since they are a normal part of the therapeutic process.",
"insist on bringing his personal issues into the therapy as an example for the client.",
"recognize that his feelings are the result of countertransference and continue to work with the client.",
"consult with another psychologist... | D |
This branding policy requires that all the products use the organization's name, either entirely or in part, e.g. Microsoft, Heinz, and Kellogg's | [
"Family branding."
] | [
"Corporate brands.",
"Manufacturer brand.",
"Individual branding."
] | [
"Sub-branding.",
"Mixed branding.",
"Product line branding.",
"Private labels.",
"Umbrella branding.",
"Multi-branding."
] | [
"Private branding.",
"Individual branding.",
"Dual branding.",
"Generic branding.",
"Umbrella branding.",
"Local branding.",
"Product line branding.",
"Distributor branding.",
"Endorsement branding."
] | [
"Individual branding.",
"Generic branding.",
"Corporate brands.",
"Endorsement branding.",
"Local branding.",
"Family branding.",
"Dual branding.",
"Distributor branding.",
"Manufacturer brand.",
"Product line branding."
] | F |
Do third States enjoy any fishing rights within the Exclusive Economic Zone of another State? | [
"When the coastal State cannot harvest the 'total allowable catch', the coastal State is to give other State access to that surplus with priority to be given to developing and land-locked States"
] | [
"Third States may never have access to fisheries within another State's EEZ",
"Third States are free to fish within another EEZ, except from certain designated areas",
"The coastal State is to give access to fisheries within its EEZ only to neighbouring States"
] | [
"The coastal State must share all of its fish resources with all other States",
"Third States have access to fisheries within its EEZ only during a specific season",
"The coastal State is to give access to fisheries within its EEZ only to States with which it has diplomatic relations",
"Third States have unli... | [
"Third States have unrestricted fishing rights within the Exclusive Economic Zone of any coastal State.",
"Third States may only fish in the Exclusive Economic Zone with explicit permission from the United Nations.",
"Third States are not allowed to fish in any Exclusive Economic Zone under any circumstances.",... | [
"Third States are permitted to fish in the Exclusive Economic Zone only during off-peak fishing seasons.",
"When the coastal State cannot harvest the 'total allowable catch', the coastal State is to give other State access to that surplus with priority to be given to developing and land-locked States",
"Third S... | B |
A resident lived in a house across the street from a small office building. One of the offices in that building was that of a criminal defense lawyer. The resident hated the idea of the lawyer's office being close to her home. She felt that it meant dangerous criminals were coming and going in her neighborhood. The res... | [
"not succeed, because the resident's remarks were not published or communicated to anyone but the plaintiff."
] | [
"succeed, because the lawyer found the remarks to be upsetting.",
"not succeed, because the resident's remarks were a matter of personal opinion rather than statements of fact.",
"succeed, because the resident's remarks constituted slander per Se."
] | [
"succeed, because the resident's remarks were offensive and damaging to the lawyer's reputation.",
"succeed, because the resident's remarks falsely accused the lawyer of committing a crime.",
"not succeed, because the lawyer chose to continue his practice despite the resident's remarks.",
"not succeed, becaus... | [
"succeed, because the resident made statements accusing the lawyer of criminal activity.",
"succeed, because the statements were intended to harm the lawyer’s reputation.",
"not succeed, because the statements were made during a private conversation and are protected by free speech.",
"succeed, because the re... | [
"succeed, because the statements were intended to harm the lawyer’s reputation.",
"not succeed, because opinions, no matter how offensive, cannot be the basis of a defamation claim.",
"succeed, because the resident’s statements were false and defamatory.",
"succeed, because the resident's remarks constituted ... | H |
In aversive counterconditioning of a sexual fetish using electric shock, the conditioned stimulus is the | [
"fetish object"
] | [
"new response",
"electric shock",
"unconditioned fear"
] | [
"aversive counterconditioning process",
"shock device",
"sexual response",
"therapist",
"neutral stimulus",
"fear response"
] | [
"electric shock",
"subject's arousal response",
"laboratory setting",
"therapist's instructions",
"neutral sound",
"unrelated visual stimulus",
"subject's emotional discomfort",
"presence of electrodes",
"reward token"
] | [
"unrelated visual stimulus",
"unconditioned fear",
"therapist's instructions",
"new response",
"electric shock",
"fetish object",
"laboratory setting",
"neutral sound",
"presence of electrodes",
"subject's arousal response"
] | F |
A federal statute provides states with funds for child welfare programs, subject to the condition that such programs be administered in accordance with federal standards. The United States sued a state in federal court for injunctive relief, arguing that the state's child welfare programs, which were funded in part by ... | [
"No, because the Eleventh Amendment does not bar actions brought by the United States."
] | [
"Yes, because the protection of child welfare is reserved to the states.",
"Yes, because the Eleventh Amendment bars actions against a state in federal court.",
"No, because Congress can place any condition on the receipt of federal funds."
] | [
"Yes, because the state has sovereign immunity under the Tenth Amendment.",
"Yes, because the state has complied with the federal standards to the best of its ability.",
"No, because the state has failed to meet the conditions required to receive federal funds.",
"No, because the federal court has the authori... | [
"Yes, because the state has sovereign immunity under the Eleventh Amendment.",
"Yes, because the United States lacks standing to enforce federal standards in state court programs.",
"No, because the state's immunity is waived whenever federal funds are involved.",
"Yes, because the federal statute does not ex... | [
"Yes, because the state has sovereign immunity under the Eleventh Amendment.",
"Yes, unless the state had previously agreed in writing to federal court jurisdiction.",
"Yes, because the federal statute does not expressly authorize the United States to sue states.",
"Yes, because the Eleventh Amendment bars ac... | I |
A homeowner was holding his annual party at his home. His parties attracted a wide variety of diverse individuals. On the night in question, a defendant was loafing at the local bar when a number of the invited guests came in to purchase spirits for the party. The defendant decided to crash the party. He arrived at the... | [
"not guilty, because he crashed the party only to have a good time."
] | [
"not guilty, because the front door was unlocked.",
"guilty, because he intended to steal the baseball.",
"guilty, because he crashed the party."
] | [
"guilty, because he stole a valuable item.",
"not guilty, because he did not use force to enter the house.",
"guilty, because he didn't have an invitation to the party.",
"not guilty, because he left the party without causing any harm.",
"guilty, because he had the intention to commit a crime inside the hou... | [
"guilty, because he entered the house without the homeowner’s permission.",
"not guilty, because the house was unlocked and open to guests.",
"guilty, because he took property that did not belong to him.",
"not guilty, because he did not use force to enter the house.",
"guilty, because he had the intent to ... | [
"guilty, because he crashed the party.",
"guilty, because he had the intent to steal once inside.",
"not guilty, because the house was unlocked and open to guests.",
"guilty, because he intended to steal the baseball.",
"not guilty, because the front door was unlocked.",
"not guilty, because the homeowner... | H |
You are given four lists of words to learn: 1, 2, 3, and 4. You must learn list 1, then list 2, etc. Which list(s) would cause proactive interference for remembering list 2? | [
"list 1 only"
] | [
"list 4 only",
"list 3 only",
"lists 3 and 4 only"
] | [
"lists 2 and 3 only",
"lists 1, 3 and 4 only",
"lists 1 and 4 only",
"lists 1 and 3 only",
"lists 2, 3 and 4 only",
"No lists would cause proactive interference"
] | [
"list 2 only",
"list 3 only",
"list 4 only",
"lists 3 and 4",
"lists 2 and 3",
"lists 2 and 4",
"lists 1 and 3",
"lists 2, 3, and 4",
"lists 1, 2, and 3"
] | [
"lists 2, 3, and 4",
"list 2 only",
"lists 2 and 4",
"lists 1 and 3",
"lists 3 and 4 only",
"lists 3 and 4",
"list 3 only",
"list 1 only",
"list 4 only",
"lists 1, 2, and 3"
] | H |
Which sentence most accurately describes how neurons communicate? | [
"Chemicals travel from one neuron to another, influencing whether a neuron will fire or not."
] | [
"Neurons send messages up the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex through neural reflexes.",
"Electricity passes between neurons, which carries messages between one neuron and another.",
"Neurons communicate through physical contact between dendrites of one cell and the next cell."
] | [
"Messages are transmitted from neuron to neuron via sound waves.",
"Neurons transmit information through the exchange of genetic material.",
"Neurons communicate through vibrations in the cellular membrane.",
"Neurons communicate through a combination of electrical and chemical signals, but without any physic... | [
"Electrical impulses jump directly between neurons through continuous physical contact.",
"Neurons transmit messages by vibrating rapidly to create sound waves.",
"Chemicals are released into the bloodstream to reach distant neurons throughout the body.",
"Neurons exchange genetic material to pass signals to ... | [
"Neurons send messages up the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex through neural reflexes.",
"Chemicals are released into the bloodstream to reach distant neurons throughout the body.",
"Messages are delivered by tiny cellular extensions that physically carry packets from neuron to neuron.",
"Neurons transmit ... | H |
An insured business owner stored valuable property in an insured warehouse owned by the business. During night time hours, when there were no employees in the warehouse, the building and its contents burned to the ground by a raging fire. The fire department ruled that the fire had an incendiary origin. The fire report... | [
"Yes, because Rule 404(a) is firm in not allowing for character evidence in a civil trial."
] | [
"No, because a business owner has a constitutional right to present and admit character evidence.",
"Yes, because the facts do not apply to any of the several exceptions available in a civil case.",
"No, because Rule 404(b) permits the use of such evidence to show relevant prior bad acts."
] | [
"No, because the business owner has a right to defend his character in court.",
"Yes, because the trial court has discretion to exclude character evidence.",
"Yes, because character evidence is not relevant to the facts of the case.",
"No, because evidence of good character is always admissible in court.",
... | [
"No, because credibility evidence is always admissible in federal civil cases.",
"Yes, because the insurance company's accusation waives the protection of Rule 404(a).",
"No, because the owner should be able to present character witnesses in any trial.",
"Yes, because arson is a criminal offense and criminal ... | [
"No, because Rule 404(b) permits the use of such evidence to show relevant prior bad acts.",
"No, because Rule 404(a) only applies when the government is a party to the case.",
"Yes, because the insurance company's accusation waives the protection of Rule 404(a).",
"No, because evidence of good character is n... | G |
A landlord was the owner of a two-story dwelling house and leased it completely furnished to a tenant for a 10-year period. Toward the end of the seventh year of the term, a violent storm blew off several of the roof shingles. The tenant noticed a leak through the roof where the shingles had blown off, but didn't make ... | [
"the tenant, because a tenant for years is obligated to make such ordinary repairs on the leased property."
] | [
"the landlord, because he was under an implied obligation to keep the premises in a habitable condition.",
"the landlord, because he was under an affirmative obligation to deliver the premises in a reasonable state of repair.",
"the landlord, because of the contractual obligation under the lease to make all nec... | [
"the landlord, because he failed to inspect the property after the storm",
"both the landlord and the tenant, because they both neglected their responsibilities in maintaining the property.",
"the tenant, because he noticed the damage and failed to report it to the landlord",
"the tenant, because he is respon... | [
"the landlord, because repairs caused by natural disasters are always the landlord’s responsibility.",
"neither party, because the damage resulted from an act of God and not due to negligence by either party.",
"the insurance company, as insurance policies typically cover weather-related damages.",
"the tenan... | [
"neither party, because the lease did not specifically assign responsibility for repairs.",
"the landlord, because of the contractual obligation under the lease to make all necessary repairs during the term of the lease.",
"the landlord, because he was under an implied obligation to keep the premises in a habit... | E |
The perceived volume of a tone is mainly determined by its | [
"amplitude"
] | [
"timbre",
"frequency",
"overtones"
] | [
"duration",
"pitch",
"velocity",
"wavelength",
"echo",
"resonance"
] | [
"frequency",
"wavelength",
"phase",
"pitch",
"timbre",
"harmonic content",
"duration",
"overtone structure",
"resonance"
] | [
"amplitude",
"pitch",
"overtone structure",
"wavelength",
"timbre",
"harmonic content",
"resonance",
"overtones",
"phase",
"frequency"
] | A |
A plaintiff sued the insurer of her home after the insurer denied coverage for water damage to the home allegedly caused by a frozen plastic pipe that burst. At trial, the insurer called as an expert witness an engineer, who testified that the pipe had burst because of age rather than freezing. On cross-examination, th... | [
"All of the testimony is admissible to support the engineer's credibility."
] | [
"None of the testimony is admissible, because it is collateral, having no bearing on the engineer's qualifications as an expert.",
"Only the portion concerning the engineer's reputation is admissible, because where both opinion and reputation evidence are available, only the latter is admissible under a rule of p... | [
"Both portions of the testimony are admissible, but only as they relate to the engineer's truthfulness, not his expertise.",
"None of the testimony is admissible, because character evidence is not relevant to the engineer's expertise.",
"Only the portion concerning the engineer's reputation is admissible, as it... | [
"None of the testimony is admissible because the witness is biased in favor of the engineer.",
"Only the testimony about the engineer's good reputation among his neighbors is admissible.",
"Only the testimony regarding the witness’s personal opinion of the engineer’s truthfulness is admissible.",
"The testimo... | [
"None of the testimony is admissible, because it is collateral, having no bearing on the engineer's qualifications as an expert.",
"The testimony is inadmissible because the conviction was for a crime not related to dishonesty or false statement.",
"Only the portion concerning the witness's opinion of the engin... | H |
Every time you buy ice cream from the Yellow Brick Road ice cream parlor, you get your over-the-rainbow card stamped. Once you purchase ten items, you get your next item free. The Yellow Brick Road ice cream parlor has you on which of the following reinforcement schedules? | [
"Fixed-ratio"
] | [
"Variable-interval",
"Fixed-interval",
"Variable-ratio"
] | [
"Continuous reinforcement",
"Variable-ratio with extinction",
"Interval-ratio",
"Partial reinforcement",
"Ratio reinforcement",
"Fixed-variable"
] | [
"Variable-ratio",
"Fixed-interval",
"Variable-interval",
"Continuous reinforcement",
"Random reinforcement",
"Differential reinforcement",
"Negative reinforcement",
"Intermittent reinforcement",
"Extinction"
] | [
"Intermittent reinforcement",
"Variable-interval",
"Variable-ratio",
"Differential reinforcement",
"Extinction",
"Negative reinforcement",
"Fixed-interval",
"Random reinforcement",
"Fixed-ratio",
"Continuous reinforcement"
] | I |
A college student and a man got into a fight at a bar while playing pooi. The college student allegedly started the fight when he struck the man in the head with a pool cue after the man sank a game-winning shot. At the college student's trial for assault, the prosecution called one of the college student's classmates ... | [
"admissible as an admission."
] | [
"inadmissible as hearsay not within any recognized exception.",
"inadmissible as self-serving.",
"admissible as part of the res gestae."
] | [
"admissible as a statement of the declarant’s then-existing state of mind.",
"inadmissible as a character evidence.",
"admissible as a prior consistent statement.",
"inadmissible as a statement that is not in the defendant's favor.",
"inadmissible because the classmate was not an eyewitness to the fight.",
... | [
"inadmissible because it is hearsay not within any exception.",
"inadmissible because the classmate lacked personal knowledge of the events at the bar.",
"inadmissible because it constitutes improper character evidence.",
"inadmissible because it is an opinion, not a statement of fact.",
"inadmissible as it... | [
"inadmissible as hearsay not within any recognized exception.",
"inadmissible because it constitutes improper character evidence.",
"admissible as an admission.",
"inadmissible as self-serving.",
"inadmissible because the testimony is considered privileged communication.",
"inadmissible because the classm... | C |
This is a hierarchy of effects or sequential model used to explain how advertising works: | [
"AIDA."
] | [
"SWOT.",
"PESTLE.",
"ADD."
] | [
"SMART.",
"STP Model.",
"5C's Analysis.",
"PORTER.",
"7P's of Marketing.",
"BCG Matrix."
] | [
"DAGMAR",
"SOSTAC",
"SWOT",
"PESTLE",
"IMC",
"FAB",
"PLC",
"BCG Matrix",
"7Ps Model"
] | [
"AIDA.",
"BCG Matrix",
"SWOT.",
"ADD.",
"IMC",
"PESTLE.",
"PLC",
"FAB",
"SOSTAC",
"DAGMAR"
] | A |
A plantiff sued a defendant for injuries suffered m a fall on the sidewalk of the defendant's home. The plaintiff's complaint alleged that the walk was covered by a thick sheet of ice, which had been negligently left there for several days by the defendant. In his answer, the defendant set forth that the ice formed ove... | [
"admissible, because it is reasonably pertinent to diagnosis or treatment."
] | [
"admissible, because the physician had personal knowledge of the plaintiff's injuries.",
"inadmissible, because the physician's testimony is not relevant to prove that the plaintiff's alleged injuries are false or exaggerated.",
"inadmissible, because the defendant's counsel failed to lay a proper foundation."
... | [
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay evidence.",
"admissible, because it provides additional information about the plaintiff's condition.",
"admissible, because it sheds light on the plaintiff's physical condition at the time of the fall.",
"inadmissible, because the physician's testimony is biased.",
"inad... | [
"inadmissible, because it is hearsay not within any exception.",
"inadmissible, because it relates to liability rather than to medical condition.",
"inadmissible, because it was elicited during cross-examination.",
"inadmissible, because the physician is not qualified to testify about causation.",
"inadmiss... | [
"admissible, because the physician had personal knowledge of the plaintiff's injuries.",
"inadmissible, because the question assumes facts not in evidence.",
"inadmissible, because it was elicited during cross-examination.",
"inadmissible, because statements by the plaintiff to a physician are never admissibl... | G |
Research on gender differences in conversation style indicates that, when compared to men, women: | [
"ask more questions."
] | [
"talk for longer periods of time.",
"make more eye contact.",
"interrupt more often."
] | [
"use more technical language.",
"speak in a higher pitch.",
"speak less frequently.",
"use more body language.",
"make less eye contact.",
"use more fillers (e.g., \"um\", \"like\")."
] | [
"interrupt more frequently.",
"use more direct commands.",
"dominate the conversation.",
"make fewer supportive comments.",
"speak for longer durations.",
"initiate fewer topics.",
"use less eye contact.",
"display more aggressive body language.",
"change topics more often."
] | [
"ask more questions.",
"speak for longer durations.",
"change topics more often.",
"interrupt more often.",
"dominate the conversation.",
"use less eye contact.",
"use more direct commands.",
"initiate fewer topics.",
"make more eye contact.",
"talk for longer periods of time."
] | A |
According to ethics codes published by the American and Canadian Psychological Associations, if a psychologist knows of an ethical violation of a minor nature by a colleague, the psychologist | [
"may attempt to resolve the problem informally"
] | [
"must report the violation to the APA Ethics Committee",
"must report the incident to the state/provincial licensing board",
"may choose to ignore the violation"
] | [
"should post about the violation on social media to raise awareness",
"should confront the colleague directly in a public setting",
"must report the violation to the police",
"should document the violation but take no further action",
"must immediately end all professional relationships with the colleague",... | [
"must immediately report the violation to the police",
"should publicly disclose the colleague's name and actions",
"is required to terminate any professional relationship with the colleague",
"should ignore the violation, as it is not their responsibility",
"must contact the client involved and provide leg... | [
"must contact the client involved and provide legal advice",
"must immediately report the violation to the police",
"may attempt to resolve the problem informally",
"should ignore the violation, as it is not their responsibility",
"may choose to ignore the violation",
"must report the violation to the APA... | C |
| Driveway--------------------------------------------------------------House | House |-------------------------------------------------------------- | Garage | House--------------------------------------------------------------LOT3 | LOT2 | LOT1 --------------------------------------------------------------(TEACHER) |... | [
"win, because the neighbor's easement to use the driveway was conveyed to the professor."
] | [
"lose, because the neighbor's non-use of the driveway effectuated an abandonment of the easement.",
"win, because he acquired an implied easement to use the driveway as owner of the dominant tenement.",
"lose, because the Statute of Frauds was not satisfied."
] | [
"lose, because the original deed granting use of the driveway specified it could only be used by the neighbor, not his successors or assigns.",
"lose, because the deed instrument between the co-worker, boss, and the neighbor was never recorded.",
"win, because the professor was under the assumption that he had ... | [
"lose, because the professor did not receive a written grant of easement.",
"lose, because the use of the driveway by the neighbor was never utilized.",
"lose, because the easement terminated when the neighbor conveyed lot 2 without mentioning the driveway.",
"lose, because the daughter’s ownership of the pro... | [
"lose, because the professor did not receive a written grant of easement.",
"lose, because the neighbor’s easement was personal and not transferable to subsequent owners.",
"lose, because the daughter’s ownership of the property extinguished any easement rights.",
"lose, because the deed to the professor did ... | H |
Within the context of sexual harassment, “quid pro quo” refers to: | [
"a situation in which an employee’s response to sexual demands impacts his/her job."
] | [
"overt (explicit) sexual conduct.",
"\"the judgment of a \"\"reasonable woman\"\" that an act is offensive. \"",
"\"the creation of a \"\"hostile environment\"\" as a result of sexually offensive conduct. \""
] | [
"the act of exchanging sexual favors for monetary rewards.",
"the judgment of a \"reasonable man\" that an act is offensive.",
"a situation where an employee makes sexual demands to their supervisor.",
"a situation where an employee's response to non-sexual demands impacts his/her job.",
"covert (implicit) ... | [
"a mutual agreement between employees to share job responsibilities.",
"a type of workplace conflict involving salary disputes.",
"an employee receiving rewards for outstanding performance.",
"a company policy regarding non-disclosure of proprietary information.",
"an instance where coworkers form a romanti... | [
"a type of sexual harassment that occurs only outside of office hours.",
"a mutual agreement between employees to share job responsibilities.",
"a type of workplace conflict involving salary disputes.",
"overt (explicit) sexual conduct.",
"\"the creation of a \"\"hostile environment\"\" as a result of sexua... | G |
A landlord rented an apartment to a tenant for $250 per month in accordance with a month-to-month agreement. On September 3, the landlord mailed the following letter to the tenant:"September 2 In consideration of one dollar, receipt of which is acknowledged, I hereby give you an option for 20 days from the above date t... | [
"Yes, because it manifested a willingness to enter into a specific bargain that could be concluded by the tenant's assent."
] | [
"No, unless the tenant paid or tendered to the landlord the one-dollar consideration.",
"Yes, because consideration for the option can be infeffed from the previous month-to-month lease.",
"No, because it contained a condition precedent to execution of the proposed lease."
] | [
"No, because the landlord can retract the offer at any time before the tenant accepts.",
"No, because the tenant did not immediately respond to the letter.",
"Yes, because the landlord cannot change their mind once an offer is made.",
"No, because the tenant did not pay the two months' rent in advance.",
"Y... | [
"No, because the offer was not effective until the tenant actually received and read the letter.",
"No, because the tenant did not pay the one-dollar consideration referenced in the letter.",
"Yes, because an option contract does not require any consideration to be enforceable.",
"No, because the landlord was... | [
"No, because the tenant did not pay the one-dollar consideration referenced in the letter.",
"No, unless the tenant paid or tendered to the landlord the one-dollar consideration.",
"Yes, because it manifested a willingness to enter into a specific bargain that could be concluded by the tenant's assent.",
"Yes... | C |
An American franchise operates as an importer and distributor of bicycles manufactured by a foreign country, and maintains several warehouses for the wholesale distribution of the bicycles. A warehouse located in a county handles the distribution of bicycles for several states. The bikes and bike tires are shipped sepa... | [
"tires only."
] | [
"bicycles only.",
"tires and bicycles.",
"neither the tires nor the bicycles."
] | [
"bikes and tires, but only when they are stored in the warehouse.",
"tires, but only while they are in the warehouse.",
"bikes and tires, but only during the distribution process.",
"bicycles, but only while they are on the loading docks.",
"bicycles, but only if they are not in their shipping crates.",
"... | [
"bicycles only.",
"both the bicycles and tires.",
"neither the bicycles nor the tires.",
"only assembled bicycles that remain in crates.",
"only bicycle parts other than tires.",
"only tires that are never shipped out of the county.",
"only bicycles that are uncrated and stored in the warehouse.",
"on... | [
"tires and bicycles.",
"both the bicycles and tires.",
"bicycles only.",
"neither the tires nor the bicycles.",
"only on goods that are intended for retail sale.",
"tires only.",
"only on goods that have remained in the warehouse for over 90 days.",
"only assembled bicycles that remain in crates.",
... | F |
Doug Dogman had a domesticated golden retriever named Rover. Rover was a good, friendly dog who loved to run and chase cars but had never hurt anyone. One dark evening before the street lights turned on, Rover was chasing cars in the street, and Ginny Grandmother, aged 85, swerved to avoid hitting the dog. As she swerv... | [
"Doug, because the strict liability rule for dogs would not include dogs not displaying vicious propensities."
] | [
"Doug, unless a statute or ordinance bans unleashed dogs on public streets.",
"Doug, because Retriever is a domesticated animal.",
"Ginny, because Doug's dog was a cause in fact of Ginny's injuries."
] | [
"Ginny, because Rover was not on a leash and was not supervised.",
"Doug, because Ginny was responsible for maintaining control of her vehicle.",
"Ginny, because Rover was chasing cars, a potentially dangerous activity.",
"Doug, because Rover was not known to be a dangerous dog.",
"Doug, because Ginny was n... | [
"Ginny, because dog owners are always liable for injuries caused by their pets.",
"Ginny, because Doug should have kept Rover leashed at all times.",
"Doug, because Ginny's age made her more vulnerable to injury.",
"Ginny, because strict liability applies to all domesticated animals regardless of their histor... | [
"Doug, unless a statute or ordinance bans unleashed dogs on public streets.",
"Ginny, because Doug's dog was a cause in fact of Ginny's injuries.",
"Ginny, because the injury occurred in a public area where dogs are not allowed.",
"Doug, because Ginny assumed the risk when she drove on the street at night.",
... | H |
Research reveals that the most critical factor in Type A behavior associated with heart disease is | [
"anger"
] | [
"sense of time urgency",
"competitiveness",
"conscientiousness"
] | [
"lack of exercise",
"stress",
"high blood pressure",
"poor diet",
"lack of sleep",
"smoking"
] | [
"competitiveness",
"impatience",
"perfectionism",
"time urgency",
"high achievement motivation",
"need for control",
"hostility toward others",
"lack of relaxation skills",
"constant multitasking"
] | [
"high achievement motivation",
"constant multitasking",
"time urgency",
"need for control",
"competitiveness",
"sense of time urgency",
"conscientiousness",
"perfectionism",
"anger",
"impatience"
] | I |
There are two main issues associated with _____ sizing. _______ is a key issue as due to the information policy of the corporation it can be argued that employees have a right to know if they are being made redundant. _______ is a second issue, particularly the ________ package that employees receive when laid off. | [
"Down, Involvement, Remuneration, Compensation"
] | [
"Down, Autonomy, Remuneration, Benefit",
"Up, Independence, Involvement, Benefit",
"Up, Involvement, Autonomy, Compensation"
] | [
"Down, Involvement, Independence, Benefit",
"Down, Privacy, Autonomy, Benefit",
"Down, Independence, Autonomy, Compensation",
"Up, Involvement, Remuneration, Severance",
"Up, Privacy, Remuneration, Severance",
"Up, Autonomy, Remuneration, Compensation"
] | [
"Up, Transparency, Termination, Severance",
"Forward, Engagement, Benefits, Salary",
"Horizontal, Disclosure, Adjustment, Settlement",
"Strategic, Inclusion, Exit, Incentive",
"Central, Participation, Allowance, Retirement",
"Vertical, Communication, Displacement, Gratuity",
"External, Notification, Tra... | [
"Stable, Consultation, Transition, Payment",
"Down, Autonomy, Remuneration, Benefit",
"Lateral, Openness, Outplacement, Entitlement",
"Horizontal, Disclosure, Adjustment, Settlement",
"Down, Involvement, Remuneration, Compensation",
"External, Notification, Transfer, Bonus",
"Up, Involvement, Autonomy, ... | E |
A 50-year-old nurse who had been fired from his job at ahospital told his attorney, ÒI was fired because of my age, and I want to sue the hospital.Ó Based on this information, the attorney filed an age discrimination complaint against the hospital in federal court. As it turned out, the hospital had hired a 52-year-old... | [
"No, because the hospital failed to give the attorney the chance to withdraw the complaint in advance of filing the motion with the court."
] | [
"No, because sanctions are not proper against the attorney of a represented party.",
"Yes, because the nurseÕs complaint contained legal contentions that were not warranted by existing lawbased on the facts in this case.",
"Yes, because the nurseÕs attorney failed to conduct areasonable pre-filing inquiry."
] | [
"Yes, because the attorney should have known that age discrimination could not be proven in this case.",
"No, because the nurse's complaint was reasonable and thus cannot be sanctioned.",
"Yes, because the attorney did not consider the age of the replacement nurse before filing the complaint.",
"No, because s... | [
"No, because the attorney acted in good faith in filing the complaint.",
"No, because the nurse had a reasonable belief that discrimination occurred.",
"No, because the hospital did not act in bad faith in replacing the nurse.",
"Yes, because the complaint had no factual basis and was frivolous.",
"Yes, bec... | [
"No, because the hospital failed to give the attorney the chance to withdraw the complaint in advance of filing the motion with the court.",
"Yes, because the nurseÕs attorney failed to conduct areasonable pre-filing inquiry.",
"Yes, because the court has discretion to sanction attorneys for meritless claims.",... | A |
A defendant was angry at his friend for marrying the defendant's former girlfriend. As the friend was painting his house one afternoon, the defendant fired a shot from his gun at him. Although the shot missed the friend, the bullet struck and killed the friend's daughter. The defendant is subsequently charged with the ... | [
"He intended only to wound the friend."
] | [
"The killing was the result of negligence in missing the friend.",
"He intended to kill the friend and not the daughter.",
"He was unaware of the elements of malice."
] | [
"The gun discharged accidentally.",
"He was under the influence of alcohol at the time.",
"The bullet was deflected and did not hit the intended target.",
"He was acting out of anger and not with a deliberate intention.",
"He did not intend to kill anyone, only to scare the friend.",
"He did not know the ... | [
"He fired the gun without checking to see who else was present.",
"He did not know that the friend’s daughter was outside at the time.",
"He thought the safety was engaged on the gun.",
"He regretted his actions immediately after firing the shot.",
"He was intoxicated at the time and unable to appreciate th... | [
"He thought the safety was engaged on the gun.",
"He did not know that the friend’s daughter was outside at the time.",
"He intended to kill the friend and not the daughter.",
"He was unaware of the elements of malice.",
"The killing was the result of negligence in missing the friend.",
"He did not intend... | I |
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is most successfully used with | [
"delusional depression"
] | [
"psychogenic amnesia",
"obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"catatonic schizophrenia"
] | [
"dissociative identity disorder",
"antisocial personality disorder",
"autism spectrum disorder",
"attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)",
"bipolar disorder",
"generalized anxiety disorder"
] | [
"obsessive-compulsive disorder",
"generalized anxiety disorder",
"panic disorder",
"borderline personality disorder",
"post-traumatic stress disorder",
"somatic symptom disorder",
"antisocial personality disorder",
"specific phobia",
"dissociative identity disorder"
] | [
"dissociative identity disorder",
"panic disorder",
"catatonic schizophrenia",
"borderline personality disorder",
"obsessive-compulsive personality disorder",
"specific phobia",
"somatic symptom disorder",
"psychogenic amnesia",
"delusional depression",
"generalized anxiety disorder"
] | I |
A business purchased a computer from a seller's web site. The purchase form had a prominent hyperlink connection to a page that contained "important additional terms and conditions of sale," but the purchaser did not access that page. The delivered product included the additional terms in writing, along with a bold-let... | [
"Yes, because by not returning the computer within 30 days, the purchaser was bound to the additional terms and conditions that were a part of the contract."
] | [
"No, because federal law requires that a company give 90 days for return and the 30-day provision was null and void.",
"No, because there was no contract formed due to the purchaser's lack of assent to the additional terms and conditions.",
"Yes, because federal law requires that arbitration must be used to att... | [
"Yes, because the seller provided the additional terms and conditions in writing with the delivered product.",
"No, because the purchaser did not explicitly agree to the terms and conditions that include private arbitration.",
"Yes, because the purchaser was aware of the additional terms and conditions, despite... | [
"No, because the purchaser did not read the additional terms and conditions before making the purchase.",
"No, because the seller did not specifically inform the purchaser of the arbitration clause prior to delivery.",
"Yes, because all online purchases are automatically subject to arbitration by default.",
"... | [
"Yes, because federal law requires that arbitration must be used to attempt an initial resolution with respect to sales that take place on the internet.",
"No, because the arbitration clause must be highlighted in the purchase agreement, not in the delivered product.",
"No, because the business became dissatisf... | E |
A motorcycle collector and his friend had known each other for years. The collector sent a letter to the friend that said, "I am willing to sell you my oldest motorcycle for $4,000." The friend sent the collector an email saying, "I accept your offer." The collector owned three motorcycles: a 1985 model, a 1987 model, ... | [
"No, because neither the friend nor the collector had reason to know of the other's interpretation of the words \"oldest motorcycle.\""
] | [
"No, because by not inquiring further about the meaning of the phrase \"oldest motorcycle,\" the friend assumed the risk of being mistaken.",
"Yes, so long as a reasonable person in the friend's position would have considered the letter as referring to the 1987 model.",
"Yes, because the friend had no reason to... | [
"No, because it was the friend's responsibility to know the details about the collector's motorcycles before agreeing to purchase.",
"No, the friend won't prevail as he misunderstood the term \"oldest motorcycle\".",
"Yes, the friend will prevail as the collector falsely advertised the motorcycle model.",
"No... | [
"Yes, because the friend accepted the offer to buy a motorcycle.",
"Yes, because the parties had a prior relationship and history of transactions.",
"No, because the motorcycles were of similar value.",
"Yes, because ambiguity in the contract terms always favors the party who did not draft the offer.",
"No,... | [
"Yes, because the friend had no reason to know of the collector's meaning and the collector could have avoided the confusion by more careful drafting.",
"Yes, because subjective intent governs contract formation when misunderstandings occur.",
"Yes, because the parties had a prior relationship and history of tr... | J |
A security guard relocated to a state which required all persons wishing to practice private security to have graduated from a security training program within the state. The security guard, having already graduated from a program in his former state, wishes to work again as a private security guard. He began to advert... | [
"The security guard has the burden of persuasion to show that the denial of a license to work in private security violates his rights of due process."
] | [
"The security guard has the burden of persuasion to show that the state does not have a compelling state interest in enacting such legislation.",
"The state has the burden of persuasion to show that the denial of a license to work in private security does not violate the petitioner's rights of due process.",
"T... | [
"The security guard has the burden of persuasion to show that the state law is discriminatory and violates his equal protection rights.",
"The state has the burden of persuasion to show that the licensing statute is essential for public safety and welfare.",
"The state has the burden of persuasion to prove that... | [
"The state must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the security guard’s out-of-state training is insufficient for licensure.",
"The security guard is automatically entitled to reciprocity under the Full Faith and Credit Clause.",
"The security guard’s training in another state should be accepted without furth... | [
"The burden shifts to the state to show substantial justification for requiring in-state training for private security guards.",
"The constitutional challenge will likely succeed because occupational licensing always implicates fundamental rights.",
"Due process requires the state to allow the security guard to... | F |
A tenant lived in a small apartment building that was owned by a landlord. In July, the landlord was killed in an accident. In August, the tenant brought an action against the administrator of the landlord's state. The tenant alleged that he and the landlord had a contract under the terms of which the landlord was supp... | [
"admissible as secondary evidence under the circumstances."
] | [
"admissible as a written admission by the party opponent.",
"inadmissible, because the accountant's testimony is not the best evidence.",
"inadmissible under the Dead Man's Statute."
] | [
"admissible, because it corroborates the tenant's claims.",
"inadmissible, because the accountant is an interested party.",
"admissible, because it falls under the business record exception.",
"inadmissible, because it constitutes hearsay evidence.",
"inadmissible, due to the lack of physical contract as ev... | [
"inadmissible because testimony regarding a lost writing is hearsay.",
"inadmissible because the best evidence rule prohibits testimony about the contents of a writing.",
"inadmissible unless the administrator consents to the testimony.",
"inadmissible because the landlord is no longer available to confirm th... | [
"admissible only if the tenant first presents physical evidence of the destroyed document.",
"inadmissible under the Dead Man's Statute.",
"admissible as a written admission by the party opponent.",
"admissible only if the terms of the contract are not in dispute.",
"inadmissible unless the administrator co... | J |
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