---
license: other
license_name: annotations-cc-by-4.0-screenshots-research-only
language:
  - en
  - tr
task_categories:
  - object-detection
tags:
  - gui
  - ui-element-detection
  - screen-parsing
  - computer-use
  - screenshots
  - yolo
size_categories:
  - 1K<n<10K
pretty_name: UI Elements (Web + Desktop) v0.1
---

# UI Elements (Web + Desktop) v0.1

Screenshots of real web pages, synthetic forms and Linux desktop apps. Each screenshot comes
with bounding boxes for its **interactive UI elements** and the **text on each element**.

You can use it for:
- training UI element detectors (YOLO, DETR, and similar),
- screen parsing and GUI grounding for computer-use agents,
- Set-of-Mark style pipelines,
- evaluating OCR on UI text.

**Every label was generated automatically. Nobody drew any boxes by hand.**
- **Web:** pages were rendered in headless Chromium and boxes were read from the live DOM.
  Shadow DOM and iframes are included. Elements that are hidden, disabled or covered by
  something else (modals, sticky headers) are skipped. robots.txt was respected.
- **Desktop:** Qt and GTK apps ran on an isolated virtual KWin (Wayland) display, and boxes
  were read from the AT-SPI accessibility tree.
- **Synthetic forms:** random form pages styled with Bootstrap, Bulma, Pico, Water.css,
  Simple.css and MVP.css. They add more checkbox, select and input examples.

Viewports range from phone (390×844) to 2560×1440, in light and dark color schemes. Page
language is English or Turkish.

## Contents

| Split | Screenshots |
|---|---|
| train | 1,245 |
| validation | 83 |

| Source | Screenshots |
|---|---|
| web | 651 |
| synthetic-form | 643 |
| desktop-kde | 34 |

The validation split holds different **websites** and **desktop apps** than train, so scores
measure generalization, not memorization.

### Classes (38,602 boxes)

| Class | Boxes |
|---|---|
| button | 6,104 |
| link | 20,895 |
| input | 2,458 |
| checkbox | 7,583 |
| select | 1,562 |

| id | class | covers |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | `button` | buttons, tabs, menu-bar entries, toolbar buttons, `<summary>`, `role=button/tab/menuitem` |
| 1 | `link` | links, and list or tree items in sidebars and file views |
| 2 | `input` | text fields, search boxes, textareas, spin boxes, contenteditable |
| 3 | `checkbox` | checkboxes, radio buttons, switches |
| 4 | `select` | dropdowns and combo boxes |

## Format

Hugging Face `imagefolder`: `data/{train,validation}/*.jpg` plus a `metadata.jsonl` file.

```json
{
  "file_name": "0ebed0962cef1da5.jpg",
  "width": 1366, "height": 768,
  "source": "web",
  "url": "https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.3/examples/checkout/",
  "color_scheme": "light",
  "objects": {
    "bbox": [[172, 358, 293, 38]],
    "category": [2],
    "text": ["Name on card"]
  }
}
```

- `bbox` is `[x, y, width, height]` in pixels (COCO style).
- `text` is the element's accessible name or visible text. For inputs it is the value or
  placeholder, and for selects the selected option. It can be an empty string.

```python
from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("bugraakdemir/ui-elements")
```

`yolo/ui_elements_yolo.zip` holds the same data in Ultralytics YOLO format, including
`data.yaml`:

```bash
yolo detect train data=data.yaml model=yolo11n.pt imgsz=1280 epochs=100
```

Use a large `imgsz` (1280). UI elements are small, and at 640 many of them get lost.

## Known limitations

- This is a first version and it is small. Web pages dominate, and `link` is by far the most
  common class. You may want to weight or oversample the rarer classes.
- There is no Windows or macOS UI yet. On the desktop side, only KDE/Qt apps and one GTK app
  (pavucontrol) are included. Desktop windows are maximized and have no title bar.
- Labels come from the DOM and the accessibility tree, so they inherit those sources' mistakes:
  - Custom widgets without proper roles are missed.
  - Some elements are over-labeled, for example whole sidebar groups marked as links.
- There is no separate `icon` class. Clickable icons are labeled `button` or `link`.

## License

- **Annotations** (boxes, classes, texts, metadata): CC BY 4.0.
- **Screenshots of third-party websites:** the content in them belongs to the respective
  site owners. They are included only for research and model training on UI understanding.
  If you own a site that appears here and want it removed, open a discussion on this
  repository and it will be taken out.
- **Synthetic forms and desktop screenshots:** made from open-source software.