# Data schema and evidence rules One JSON file per robot in `data/robots/.json`. `` must match the `slug` field exactly (kebab-case, e.g. `unitree-g1`). ## Top-level fields | Field | Type | Required | Notes | |---|---|---|---| | `slug` | string | yes | matches filename without `.json` | | `name` | string | yes | model name, e.g. "G1" | | `manufacturer` | object | yes | `{ name, country, url }` | | `category` | enum | yes | one of `full-size`, `compact`, `research`, `industrial` | | `announced` | object | yes | `{ date: YYYY-MM-DD, source }` | | `specs` | object | yes | see Spec fields below | | `price_history` | array | yes (may be empty) | see Price entries below | | `delivery` | object | yes | `{ status, timeline: [] }` | | `notes` | array | no | free-text notes, e.g. flagging contradicting sources | | `updated` | string | yes | `YYYY-MM-DD`, last edit date of the file | ## Spec fields `specs` holds a fixed set of keys, each optional individually but if present must follow this shape: ```json { "value": , "status": "claimed|demonstrated|shipped", "source": { ... } } ``` Recognized keys: `height_cm`, `weight_kg`, `dof`, `battery_runtime_min`, `walking_speed_kmh`, `payload_kg`, `hands`, `hand_dof`, `fingers_per_hand`, `tactile_skin`, `depth_cameras`, `compute`, `actuator_torque_nm`, `battery_wh`, `battery_swappable`, `charge_time_min`, `locomotion`. Add more only if a robot has a genuinely distinct, sourced attribute — do not pad with unsourced fields. `tactile_skin` and `battery_swappable` are boolean `value`s; `compute` is free text (e.g. "NVIDIA Jetson Thor"); `locomotion` is an enum `value`, one of `bipedal | wheeled | hybrid`; the rest (`actuator_torque_nm` — peak/max torque in Nm, `battery_wh`, `charge_time_min`) are numbers. All still follow the `{ value, status, source }` shape above. ## Power, software, and buying (top-level, all optional) These sit alongside `specs` at the top level, not inside it, because each has its own shape. `sdk` is a single object (not an array): `{ open_source: boolean, ros: "none"|"ros1"|"ros2", url, status, source }`. `url` points at the SDK itself (a repo, a docs page) — `source` is the evidence for the claim (open-source status, ROS support), which is often the same page but kept separate so a docs URL and an evidence quote don't have to collide. `warranty` is an array, because coverage differs by region and reseller: `[{ months, region, source, status }]`. Record one entry per region/seller combination that has its own source; do not average or guess a global number. `order_type` is a single object, same shape as a spec entry: `{ value, source, status }`, where `value` is one of `cart | quote | waitlist | preorder | none` — `cart` means direct checkout with a price shown, `quote` means a sales conversation is required before a price is given, `waitlist` and `preorder` are self-explanatory, `none` means the robot is not offered for sale at all (research-only, internal use). `export_restrictions` is an array, `[{ jurisdiction, detail, source, status }]`. Only record an entry when the source is a hard, named decision (an export-control ruling, a government notice, a manufacturer statement about which countries it will not ship to) — not a rumor, not an analyst's guess about where sanctions might apply. `delivery.timeline[].sector` is an optional enum on each timeline event, one of `automotive | logistics | manufacturing | research | consumer | healthcare | other` — the industry of the customer or deployment named in that event, when known. **Why lease prices, business financials, and scores are not tracked:** this site records claimed/demonstrated/shipped facts with a primary source behind each one. Lease pricing and financing terms are negotiated per-deal and rarely published with a source that applies generally; recording one publicly quoted lease rate would misrepresent it as the going rate. Manufacturer revenue, funding, and valuation are business facts about a company, not the robot, and belong in financial press rather than a robot spec sheet. A composite "score" would require weighting unlike properties (height against battery life against SDK maturity) by some formula this site would have to invent and defend — that is an opinion, not a sourced fact, and it's exactly the kind of review-site judgment this project exists to avoid. ## Capabilities `capabilities` is an optional array, one entry per demonstrated or claimed ability: ```json { "id": "stairs", "status": "demonstrated", "autonomy": "autonomous", "source": { "url": "...", "quote": "...", "accessed": "2026-09-20", "timestamp": "01:23" }, "note": "" } ``` `id` must be one of the fixed ids in `data/capabilities.json` (each with a label and short definition there); an unknown id fails validation. `status` is the same `claimed | demonstrated | shipped` used everywhere else (`shipped` means a named customer is shown using it, not just the manufacturer). `source.timestamp` is optional, `mm:ss`, for pointing at the moment in a video. `note` is optional free text. `autonomy` is required and is one of `teleoperated | scripted | autonomous | unknown`. A `demonstrated` capability with `autonomy: unknown` is allowed — most manufacturer clips simply don't say. But `autonomy: autonomous` is only allowed when the source explicitly says so (a named engineer or the manufacturer states no human/teleoperator was driving it), or an independent party observed it directly. A manufacturer highlight reel that shows a capability without saying who or what controlled it must be recorded as `unknown`, not `autonomous` — silence is not a claim. ## Media `media` is an optional array, at most 3 entries per robot: ```json { "type": "photo|drawing|patent", "file": "media//.jpg|png|svg", "caption": "...", "source": { "url": "...", "accessed": "2026-09-21" }, "license": { "name": "manufacturer press kit|USPTO design patent|EUIPO RCD|WIPO|CC BY 4.0|other", "terms_url": "...", "note": "..." }, "patent_number": "USD1000000S", "credit": "© Manufacturer", "depicts_current": false } ``` `depicts_current` is optional and defaults to `true`. Set to `false` when the image shows an earlier generation or a different variant than this record; such media is kept for attribution and history but never used as the record's product image or thumbnail. **Licensed imagery is never evidence.** The robot page shows this section as "Imagery" — patent drawings, press-kit photos, or Creative Commons photos — each labelled with its type (patent drawing / press photo / CC photo) before the credit. A photo or patent drawing shows what a robot looks like; it does not demonstrate a spec, a capability, or a delivery. Nothing in `media` may be cited as the `source` for a `claimed`, `demonstrated`, or `shipped` value elsewhere in the record — those still need their own sourced quote. **No hotlinking.** The file must be downloaded and committed under `data/media//`; `media[].file` never points at an external URL. `media[].source.url` records where it was obtained, for attribution and verification, not for serving the image. **Only with an explicit license or a public patent.** Do not add an image "because it's on the manufacturer's website" — a press kit expressly offered for editorial/press use, a public patent drawing (design patents are a public record; the drawing itself is not copyrighted the way a photo is), or an explicitly CC-licensed image. When in doubt, leave it out. `type` is one of `photo | drawing | patent`. `file` must be a path under `data/media/` that exists on disk. `license.name` and `source` are always required. `patent_number` is required when `type` is `patent` and should be the number as printed on the patent (e.g. a USPTO design patent `USD1,000,000 S`). `credit` is optional free text for a byline. Images are resized at build time to a max width of 800px before being copied into `dist/media/`. ## Source object Every value — spec, price, or timeline event — carries a `source`: | Field | Required | Notes | |---|---|---| | `url` | yes | link to the primary evidence | | `quote` | yes | literal quote, max 300 characters | | `accessed` | yes | `YYYY-MM-DD`, date the source was checked | | `archive` | no | archive.org (or similar) permalink | ## Price entries `price_history` is an array, oldest first: ```json { "date": "YYYY-MM-DD", "amount": , "currency": "USD", "variant": "string", "status": "claimed|demonstrated|shipped", "source": { ... } } ``` ## Delivery `delivery.status` is the robot's current overall standing: `shipped`, `demonstrated`, `claimed`, or `announced-only`. `delivery.timeline` is an array of dated events: ```json { "date": "YYYY-MM-DD", "event": "announced|first-demo|preorders-open|first-customer-delivery|volume-estimate", "detail": "string", "quantity_min": null, "quantity_max": null, "source": { ... } } ``` Only include an event once it has real evidence. Do not invent a `first-customer-delivery` event to fill a gap — if it hasn't happened, the timeline simply stops at the last real event, and `delivery.status` reflects that (`claimed` or `demonstrated`, not `shipped`). ## The three statuses, precisely ### claimed The manufacturer's own words: a specs page on the manufacturer's domain, a press release, a regulatory/investor filing, or an interview with a named person and a date, published by the manufacturer or a credible outlet quoting them directly. Blog posts, "reviews", or news articles that merely repeat a number without citing the manufacturer directly do **not** qualify as the source for a `claimed` value — trace it back to the manufacturer. ### demonstrated An uncut video or live demonstration, run by an independent party (press, customer, researcher), OR a manufacturer-produced video in which the property in question is visibly performed with a timestamp (e.g. a battery runtime demonstrated across a visibly continuous, timestamped clip). CGI renders, heavily cut marketing reels, and "coming soon" trailers do not qualify. ### shipped A named customer, with photographic or video evidence of a physical unit in their possession, plus at least one of: an invoice, a serial number, an independent unboxing, or a customs/import record. A signed contract, preorder, deposit, or a "shipping in Q4" statement is not shipped — it is `claimed` (or `demonstrated` if a working unit was shown). ## Contradicting sources If two credible sources disagree on a value (different height, different delivery date, etc.), do not silently pick one. Record both, each with its own `source` and `accessed` date, and add a short note in `notes` explaining the discrepancy. The comparison table on the homepage links to whichever value is most recently sourced, but the robot page must show both. ## Quantities Delivered/produced quantities are almost never precisely disclosed. Use `quantity_min` / `quantity_max` as a range, each end backed by its own source where possible (e.g. "at least 500" from one filing, "fewer than 2,000" inferred from another). If no credible number exists at all, omit the timeline event entirely rather than guessing. ## Events and results under fixed rules One JSON file per competition event in `data/events/.json`. `` must match the `slug` field exactly. ```json { "slug": "world-humanoid-robot-games-2025", "name": "World Humanoid Robot Games 2025", "organizer": "World Humanoid Robot Sports Federation", "date": "2025-08-15", "location": "Beijing, China (National Speed Skating Oval)", "rules_url": "https://www.whrgoc.com/", "autonomy_rule": { "value": "mixed", "source": { "url": "...", "quote": "...", "accessed": "2026-09-21" } }, "source": { "url": "...", "quote": "...", "accessed": "2026-09-21" } } ``` `autonomy_rule.value` is one of `autonomous | teleoperated | mixed | unknown` and describes how the event as a whole is run (e.g. "mixed" when autonomous entries get a scoring bonus but most competitors are remote controlled) -- it is not a claim about any single robot. `source` backs the event's own facts (date, location, organizer). A robot record may carry an optional `results` array, one entry per recorded outcome at a tracked event: ```json "results": [ { "event": "world-humanoid-robot-games-2025", "discipline": "1500 m", "result": "6:34", "rank": 1, "team": "Unitree", "unit": "time", "autonomy": "teleoperated", "source": { "url": "...", "quote": "...", "accessed": "2026-09-21" } } ] ``` `event` must match a slug in `data/events/`. `rank` is an integer (1 = first place) or `null` when no ranking applies (e.g. a solo timed attempt). `autonomy` defaults to the event's own `autonomy_rule.value`; it may be recorded differently for one result only when the source specifically says so for that run (e.g. one entrant ran autonomously in an event otherwise dominated by teleoperation) -- that source is the same `result.source` already required on every entry. **Why a fixed-rules result is the strongest demonstrated-layer evidence, and still not `shipped`:** a manufacturer's own demo video can be cut, staged, retried until it works, or narrated to imply more than happened. A result at a competition with a published ruleset and an independent jury cannot: the discipline, the clock, and the judging are fixed before the robot shows up, and every entrant is measured the same way. That is why this is the strongest evidence this site records short of a customer using the robot in production. It is still not `shipped`: winning a race or a match is not a named customer running the robot in their own operation, and no continuous, independent, cross-manufacturer benchmark exists (NIST's Humanoid Robot Baseline Performance Benchmark, still under development, will publish only results aggregated across manufacturers, not per-robot, per-run data) -- competition results are therefore reported alongside, not folded into, the `claimed / demonstrated / shipped` ladder. ## Validation `tools/validate.js` enforces: required fields present, `status` is exactly one of the three values, every value-bearing object has a non-empty `source.url`, `source.quote` (≤300 chars) and `source.accessed` (`YYYY-MM-DD`), and `slug` matches the filename. For `capabilities`: `id` must be in `data/capabilities.json`, `autonomy` must be one of the four values, and `source.timestamp` (if present) must be `mm:ss`. For `results`: `event` must match a slug under `data/events/`, `rank` must be an integer or `null`, and `autonomy` must be one of `autonomous | teleoperated | mixed | unknown`. Event records under `data/events/` are validated the same way (required fields, dated fields, sourced `autonomy_rule`). For the power/software/buying fields: `specs.locomotion.value` must be one of `bipedal | wheeled | hybrid`; `sdk.ros` must be one of `none | ros1 | ros2` and `sdk.open_source`/`sdk.url`/`sdk.status`/`sdk.source` are all required when `sdk` is present; each `warranty[]` entry requires `months`, `region`, `status`, and `source`; `order_type.value` must be one of `cart | quote | waitlist | preorder | none`; each `export_restrictions[]` entry requires `jurisdiction`, `detail`, `status`, and `source`; `delivery.timeline[].sector`, when present, must be one of `automotive | logistics | manufacturing | research | consumer | healthcare | other`.