---
license: cc0-1.0
language:
- fr
- en
tags:
- hal
- science
- scholarly-metadata
- oai-pmh
pretty_name: HAL metadata snapshot
size_categories:
- 1M<n<10M
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*.parquet
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: id
    dtype: string
  - name: version
    dtype: int16
  - name: url
    dtype: string
  - name: pdf_url
    dtype: string
  - name: title
    dtype: string
  - name: titles
    list:
      - name: lang
        dtype: string
      - name: text
        dtype: string
  - name: authors
    sequence: string
  - name: contributors
    sequence: string
  - name: abstract
    dtype: string
  - name: abstracts
    list:
      - name: lang
        dtype: string
      - name: text
        dtype: string
  - name: keywords
    sequence: string
  - name: domains
    sequence: string
  - name: domain_codes
    sequence: string
  - name: doc_type
    dtype: string
  - name: type_labels
    sequence: string
  - name: type_eurepo
    sequence: string
  - name: date
    dtype: string
  - name: year
    dtype: int16
  - name: datestamp
    dtype: timestamp[s]
  - name: language
    dtype: string
  - name: publisher
    dtype: string
  - name: source
    sequence: string
  - name: citation
    dtype: string
  - name: doi
    dtype: string
  - name: arxiv_id
    dtype: string
  - name: pmid
    dtype: string
  - name: issn
    sequence: string
  - name: isbn
    sequence: string
  - name: license
    dtype: string
  - name: access_rights
    dtype: string
  - name: funding
    sequence: string
  - name: collections
    sequence: string
  - name: oai_identifier
    dtype: string
---
# HAL metadata snapshot

Bibliographic metadata of the records in [HAL](https://hal.science), the French national open
archive operated by CCSD, harvested through its OAI-PMH interface (`https://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/oai/hal/`,
`metadataPrefix=oai_dc`).

- Snapshot date: 2026-10-21
- Records: 4,610,856 (deleted records excluded), in 19 Parquet file(s)
- One row per HAL document (latest harvested version); `id` is the HAL identifier.

## Columns

Field names refer to Dublin Core elements of the OAI record.

| column | type | source |
|---|---|---|
| `id` | string | HAL identifier without version, e.g. `hal-01234567` |
| `version` | int16 | HAL version number of the harvested record (from the OAI identifier) |
| `url` | string | HAL landing page (`dc:identifier`, or built from `id`): the link to credit HAL with |
| `pdf_url` | string | Main file URL when HAL exposes one |
| `title` | string | First `title` |
| `titles` | list of struct | All titles with their `xml:lang` |
| `authors` | list[string] | `creator`, in record order |
| `contributors` | list[string] | `contributor` |
| `abstract` | string | English abstract if present, otherwise the first one (`description`/`abstract`) |
| `abstracts` | list of struct | All abstracts with their `xml:lang` |
| `keywords` | list[string] | `subject` values that are not HAL discipline labels |
| `domains` | list[string] | HAL discipline labels from `subject` (e.g. `[INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/...`) |
| `domain_codes` | list[string] | Discipline codes from the OAI `subject:*` sets |
| `doc_type` | string | HAL document-type code from the OAI `type:*` sets (ART, COMM, THESE, ...) |
| `type_labels` | list[string] | `type` values that are not info:eu-repo URIs (e.g. Journal articles) |
| `type_eurepo` | list[string] | info:eu-repo/semantics type and version URIs from `type` |
| `date` | string | `date` / `issued` as stored |
| `year` | int16 | Year of `date` |
| `datestamp` | timestamp | OAI-PMH datestamp: last modification of the record |
| `language` | string | `language` |
| `publisher` | string | `publisher` |
| `source` | list[string] | `source` (journal / conference / book the work appeared in) |
| `citation` | string | Bibliographic citation found in `identifier` / `bibliographicCitation` |
| `doi` | string | DOI (normalized) found in identifiers / relations |
| `arxiv_id` | string | arXiv id from `relation` (info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/arxiv/...) |
| `pmid` | string | PubMed id from `relation` |
| `issn` | list[string] | ISSNs found in `source` / `identifier` |
| `isbn` | list[string] | ISBNs found in `source` / `identifier` |
| `license` | string | Licence URL from `rights` |
| `access_rights` | string | info:eu-repo access level from `rights` (openAccess, embargoedAccess, ...) |
| `funding` | list[string] | info:eu-repo/grantAgreement relations |
| `collections` | list[string] | HAL collections from the OAI `collection:*` sets |
| `oai_identifier` | string | OAI identifier of the harvested record |

## Notes

- Values come from HAL as-is; author names, languages and dates are not normalized.
- `domain_codes`, `doc_type` and `collections` come from the OAI set memberships of each record.

## Licence

HAL distributes the metadata of all its deposits under [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)
([HAL documentation](https://doc.hal.science/en/aspects-juridiques/conditions-de-reutilisation/)),
and this dataset is released under the same terms. HAL asks reusers to mention the source with a
link to each record (e.g. `https://hal.science/hal-00000001`); every row carries it in `url`.
Please keep that link and cite HAL (CCSD) as the source.

This dataset contains metadata only. Files deposited in HAL have their own licences (Creative
Commons, Licence Ouverte or copyright, chosen by the authors) and are not part of this dataset.

## Personal data

Records contain the names of authors and contributors as published in HAL. CC0 waives copyright,
not data-protection rights: if you are an author and want a record removed from this copy, open a
discussion on this dataset. Records withdrawn from HAL are removed when the dataset is refreshed.