/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
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    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 2016-2026 OpenFOAM Foundation
     \\/     M anipulation  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.

    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
    for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Class
    Foam::Function1s::Square

Description
    Templated square-wave function with support for an offset level.

        \f[
            a square(f (x - x_0) ) + l
        \f]

    where

    \f$square(x)\f$ is the square-wave function in range \f$[-1, 1]\f$ with a
    mark/space ratio of \f$r\f$

    \vartable
        Symbol  | Description      | Data type       | Default
        a       | Amplitude        | Function1<Type> |
        f       | Frequency        | scalar          |
        x_0     | Phase            | scalar          | 0
        l       | Offset level     | Function1<Type> |
        D       | Duty cycle       | scalar          | 0.5
        r       | Mark/space ratio | scalar          | 1
    \endvartable

    Example for a scalar:
    \verbatim
        <name> square;
        <name>Coeffs
        {
            amplitude 2e-7;
            frequency 10;
            start     0;
            level     2e-6;
            dutyCycle 0.5;
        }
    \endverbatim

    Example for a vector:
    \verbatim
        <name> square;
        <name>Coeffs
        {
            amplitude (1 0.1 0);
            frequency 10;
            start     0;
            level     (10 1 0);
            markSpace 1;
        }
    \endverbatim

SourceFiles
    Square.C

\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#ifndef Square_H
#define Square_H

#include "Function1.H"

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

namespace Foam
{
namespace Function1s
{

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
                           Class Square Declaration
\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

template<class Type>
class Square
:
    public FieldFunction1<Type, Square<Type>>
{
    // Private Data

        //- Scalar amplitude of the square function
        const autoPtr<Function1<Type>> amplitude_;

        //- Frequency of the square function
        const scalar frequency_;

        //- Argument offset
        const scalar start_;

        //- Level to which the square function is added
        const autoPtr<Function1<Type>> level_;

        //- The fraction of one period in which the function value is at the
        //  higher of the two possible values
        const scalar dutyCycle_;

        //- Is this function integrable?
        const bool integrable_;


    // Private Member Functions

        //- Read the duty cycle
        scalar readDutyCycle(const dictionary& dict) const;


public:

    // Runtime type information
    TypeName("square");


    // Constructors

        //- Construct from name and dictionary
        Square
        (
            const word& name,
            const unitSets& units,
            const dictionary& dict
        );

        //- Copy constructor
        Square(const Square<Type>& se);


    //- Destructor
    virtual ~Square();


    // Member Functions

        //- Return the value at a scalar coordinate
        virtual inline Type value(const scalar x) const;

        //- Return the derivative at a scalar coordinate
        virtual inline Type derivative(const scalar x) const;

        //- Return the integral between two scalar coordinates
        virtual inline Type integral(const scalar x1, const scalar x2) const;

        //- Write in dictionary format
        virtual void write(Ostream& os, const unitSets& units) const;


    // Member Operators

        //- Disallow default bitwise assignment
        void operator=(const Square<Type>&) = delete;
};


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

} // End namespace Function1s
} // End namespace Foam

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

#include "SquareI.H"

#ifdef NoRepository
    #include "Square.C"
#endif

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

#endif

// ************************************************************************* //