[In 2008 Wu Ming 1 wrote a series of articles on some strange, “exotic”, ancient-sounding titles famous jazz musicians gave to their compositions. The articles were published on Musica Jazz, the oldest and most important jazz magazine in Italy. Little by little they’ve been translated into English, so you too have the chance to read them. Starting today, we’ll publish them on this blog by the end of Autumn. The first installment is dedicated to Ogunde, an ancient Yoruba chant John Coltrane reinterpreted soon before his death.
Wu Ming 1 is the author of New Thing (2004), an “unidentified narrative object” (ie a weird novel) on the NYC free jazz scene around 1967. In recent years he’s been writing extensively on Black music, his major effort being a long essay titled Black Noise Supremacy: Notes and Digressions on the Alleged “Whiteness” of Punk and the African Origins of Rock’n'Roll Corporeity (2006, so far available only in Italian and Spanish)].
Recently on this magazine, Luca Conti noticed how certain titles of jazz and, more generally, Afro-American music compositions recall “a mysterious, unfathomable, even macabre Africa, a place the white man is not allowed to access. Listening to those songs makes you feel like you’re hearing a message that, unfortunately, is not addressed to you and does nothing to include you in the conversation.”
I don’t want to enter the troublesome debate on music being “asemantic”. I will merely state the obvious: a jazz tune is almost always devoid of lyrics, and the title is the only verbal element. Only the title says something. The artist plays with associations and suggests a mood, an environment (albeit vague), a frame of images and concepts. Titling one of his compositions Relaxin ‘at Camarillo, Charlie Parker enriches the music with a sarcastic autobiographical reference (his forced stay at a mental hospital), indicating a possible approach, a key to listening. Naming his song All the Things You Could Be By Now If Sigmund Freud’s Wife Was Your Mother, Charles Mingus imposed a frame, indicating that the piece must be listened to imaginatively, with a willingness to force the cage of reality and a desire to play with absurd assumptions.
In the second half of the 20th century, as jazz rediscovered its African genesis, more and more titles brough up ancient languages, exotic religions or remote civilizations. Other times the title is a word in common use, appended to the music in order to produce incongruous effects. “What does Sunny Murray‘s Giblet reference?”, asks Luca Conti. If the tune is traditional, then the title is not chosen by the musician: it has come down the river of centuries, a phonetic fetish, an uncanny and barely decipherable object. In rare and extreme cases, the title is just an alphanumeric jumble, like a parody of scientific formulas, as in some Anthony Braxton albums, eg Comp. 26 G 99 G.
In this series of articles I will travel back in time and investigate the mysterious worlds hidden in strange, allusive titles. From time to time, I will make a “savage” use of etymology, philology, linguistics and anthropology, and it’s a mystery even to me where I’m going.
Let’s start with one of the last tracks recorded by John Coltrane before he died in the winter of 1967. Ogunde is the opening gem of his posthumous album Expression. Stretched beyond measure, it fills half of the famous Olatunji Concert, Coltrane’s last recorded live performance (April 23d, 1967).
The choice of this tune was influenced by Babatunde Olatunji, a Nigerian percussionist belonging to the Yoruba ethnic group and the eponymous founder of the Harlem cultural center that hosts the gig. Years ago, Olatunji got Coltrane interested in African music, an interest which, instead of fading, has grown more and more. Before discovering he had cancer, the saxophonist was planning a trip to the African continent and had in mind to reinterpret the songs of the Yoruba tradition.
Ogunde is a Yoruba chant, but Trane has received it from Brazil. In the liner notes of the Olatunji Concert cd, written by the critic and pianist David Wild, we find this brief explanation:
[The] composition [is] based on the Afro-Brazilian folk song Ogunde Varere. Coltrane most likely knew of it from composer Francisco Ernani Braga‘s arrangement, part of a set of eight traditional songs recorded by the classical soprano Bidu Sayão in 1947. Braga translated the title as «Prayer of the gods» and described it as “a negro spiritual in African dialect.”
David Wild has no fault, he merely reported other people’s errors and approximations, but if we proceeded backward from these scant data, we would enter one dead end street after another.
To begin with, Ogunde Varere is a title that doesn’t exist. In the version recorded by Bidu Sayão (orchestra directed by Heitor Villa-Lobos!) the song is called Ogunde Uareré. In fact, there is no “v” sound in Yoruba language. Who knows who was the first scribe to make this typographical error which, after bouncing several times here and there, is now part of the Coltrane vulgata.
Secondly, as we shall see, the correct translation is not Prayer of the gods.
It would be even worse if we started the journey from a review of the CD published in 2001 on an Italian weekly, where the journalist called Ogunde “a nice little song of the Afro-Brazilian tradition.”
“Nice little song”? Such a description could suit My Favorite Things, but certainly not Ogunde, because we’re talking about the hard stuff here, ie the cults, rituals and fetishes of the Afro-Atlantic world: Candomblé in North-East Brazil, Santeria in Cuba, Voodoo and Obeah in the West Indies.
That’s right, the song in question is known from the Caribbean to Brazil, and the opening line has many variations, due to deformations occurred in the oral tradition, as well as in transcriptions made in different periods and geographical areas. To follow these travels on the Net one must force Google, bend and stretch the search to the extreme and, when it breaks, run where the splinters fall, sift the soil and check every pebble. In this way, in the Caribbean area we can find Oggúndé Arere, Ogun de Arere, Oggundere Arere e Ogun rere Arere. However you transcribe it, it is an ancient Orikì (invocation) to the African deity Ogun (Ogum in Brazil, Oggún in Cuba, Ogoun in Haiti).
Ogun is one of the Orishas, the spirits of the Yoruba religion that – to put it very simply – “mediate” the relationship between the humans and Olodumare, the creator of the universe, a Being that is remote and unknowable as such. This relationship between a God who is “higher up” and a multitude of “intermediate” figures also exists in the Catholic pantheon, which is full of archangels, saints and martyrs. This parallel allowed African slaves to disguise their beliefs and make them acceptable in the New World, by “dressing up” each Orisha as a saint of the Canon (hence the word Santeria). In Cuba, Ogun corresponds to Saint Peter. In Brazil he corresponds Saint George. To be more precise, the Orishas are manifestations of the supreme God: on a different plane of existence, they are Olodumare. If in Christianity God has three personas (Father, Son and Holy Spirit), in the Yoruba religion He has several dozens of them, and the matter is more fun.
Ogun is the lord of war, metals, anger, blades, incandescent things, fever and the butchery of animals. Accordingly, he is the protector of blacksmiths, miners, barbers, butchers, surgeons, hunters, soldiers and generally anyone who uses metal tools to cut, dig, drill, beat, forge, cauterize and so on. Ogun’s colors are black and purple. “Arera” is one of his attributes and it seems to mean “king of Ire” (a place in the state of Ekiti, Nigeria), although in some texts it is translated as “butcher”. Certainly you don’t dedicate “nice little songs” to a guy like that, one that came down from the sky during the Creation, hanging by a thread of spider web and waving a machete.
Francisco Braga was a composer of operas and symphonic music. His main influence was Ricard Wagner. In his version of this orikì every edge is beveled, every asperity is smoothed down, the melody is adapted by force to the Western scale. The 1947 recording retains very little Candomblé. Yes, the words are there, those arcane Yoruba formulas (“Ogunde arere / ile bogbo lokua / Ogun wanile Ogun walona“), but from how Bidu Sayão sings them, it might be Ecclesiastical Latin. No more swirling blades, no more red-hot iron, the fever is off and the furnace extinguished. Farewell to Africa.
Revitalizing the Orikì is the task Coltrane undertakes twenty years later. Ogunde‘s studio version is quiet and tense at the same time, intimate and yet open to the world. Here the tune becomes an invocation again. A prayer. David Wild writes that this music has “an impassioned, supplicating quality.” After the opening theme, Trane starts the search, the sax rummages in the corners of memory, “in the back of the Black man’s mind.” It’s a bird’s eye view on the Black diaspora. Trane leaves Brazil and flies back to Africa passing through the Blues. Ogun is still far away but the music calls him, blows and revives old embers, fans the timid flame that a few weeks later, at the Olatunji Center of African Culture, will swell to become a majestic blaze. In the endless live version (more than twenty-eight minutes), Ogun appears and dance on embers, amidst bushes of sparks, swinging a machete over everyone’s heads.
There is a painting by Davide Minetti, an acrylic on canvas made in 1997. Coltrane emerges from the shadows and a white light illuminates his face. He wears a dark suit jacket, his shirt is blue, his eyes are closed. Behind and around him, thick brushstrokes are causing black waves. Munch-like bends on a fiery red background.
The name of the work is “Ogunde varere”.
The circle keeps closing, the cycle keeps starting again.
– Originally published on Musica Jazz no.3, year 64, March 2008.


Martinsburg's Motor Car
By Daniel J. Friend
In the early 1900's, a low-riding luxury car was built in Martinsburg's industrial center. The long and lavish Norwalk Underslung Six was billed as "The Car of Absolute Exclusiveness" and remains Martinsburg’s primary claim to automotive history and stands as the most successful and longest-made motor vehicle known to have been manufactured in the Mountain State.
The Norwalk Motor Car Company assembled cars and trucks from 1912 to 1922 on Miller Avenue — recently renamed Norwalk Avenue — located along the Winchester & Western Railroad tracks in Martinsburg's once?thriving woolen mill district.
The auto manufacturer started in Norwalk, Ohio, in 1910. It faced financial trouble there, however, and a group of local investors bought out the company and its remaining parts stock, and moved everything to Martinsburg. The company began assembling the Underslung Six in 1912 in a building formerly occupied by the Brooklyn Brass Works.
The hulking Norwalk Underslung featured unique and expensive design concepts, many of which became standard features on later models. The Norwalk Underslung frame and suspension design lowered the car's center of gravity, making for less sway in curves. Engineers mounted the Norwalk's axles on top of the frame, while most manufacturers mounted the frame on top of the axles.
An advertisement in the 1913 edition of Motor magazine detailed the advantages of the low?riding car. According to the advertisement, "The keynote of Norwalk Underslung construction lies in the fact that we have brought the center of weight, the point of suspension, and the point of support to coincide in practically one point. Flat springs are used all around, supported on top of the axle. Side sway and body swing are eliminated absolutely. In rounding corners, the centrifugal force is not taken up by the springs vertically, but the stress is lateral. As a result, the Norwalk, when rounding curves, carries the same weight on all four wheels as on the straightaway."
The standard Norwalk Underslung Six was a huge convertible with 40?inch tires tall enough to bring the front fenders level with the plane of the hood. The tourer offered a 500-cubic-inch in?line, 6?cylinder, 8.6?liter, overhead-valve engine. By comparison, one of today's larger engines used in many General Motors vehicles is the 350-cubic-inch, 5.7?liter, V-8. With room for six passengers, the Underslung Six boasted a 136?inch wheelbase. By comparison, a modern, full?sized 2003 Cadillac Deville's wheelbase is 115.3 inches.
In 1912, the two?passenger Underslung roadster was offered for $2,900, the three?passenger roadster for $3,000, and the six-passenger tourer for $3,100. According to an advertisement, those prices got the owner the following equipment: "Top with curtains and cover, glass folding windshield, complete dynamo and battery, electric lighting system, self starter, speedometer, electric cigar lighter and trouble lamp, extra demountable rim, electric horn, coat rails, foot rails, trunk, all tools, etc."
A top?of?the?line Underslung would cost a buyer about six times Henry Ford's $500-$600 price for a standard passenger car of the same era. Not a car for the common man, the Underslung was mainly marketed and sold in the more opulent sections of New York, Philadelphia, and Toronto.
" We're talking a lot of money for ol’ Martinsburgers in 1912," says Garry Murphy, historian for the Norwalk Antique Car Club of Martinsburg, named in honor of the local vehicle. Garry has spent many of his 64 years tracking local lore and information associated with the Norwalk Motor Car Company and has given numerous talks about the car and its history to collectors and other groups.
You can read the rest of this article in the Summer 2003 issue of Goldenseal, available in bookstores, libraries or direct from Goldenseal.


Defective mine breathing devices being phased out
Read more: http://blogs.wvgazette.com/coaltattoo/ CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Federal regulators on Thursday announced plans to phase out the coal industry's use of a defective model of emergency breathing device, giving the nation's mine operators up to 20 months to replace nearly 70,000 units.
The move by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration comes more than six years after the 2006 Sago Mine Disaster, where survivor Randal McCloy said four units failed the 12 miners who died after being trapped deep underground following a powerful explosion.
MSHA and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health acted only after a two-year investigation that started in February 2010 when the maker of the devices, Pittsburgh-based CSE Corp., reported an oxygen starter problem similar to that described by McCloy.
Last week, NIOSH issued its long-awaited report of that investigation, confirming a "critical" defect in the oxygen bottles meant to kick-start CSE's SR-100, the mining industry's most widely used model of self-contained self-rescuer, or SCSR.
The phase-out announced by MSHA gives mine operators until Dec. 31, 2013, to replace any and all SR-100 units they have with other models of SCSR approved by the agency.
In a prepared statement, MSHA chief Joe Main defended the nearly two-year timeline for replacing all of the units.
"Due to the large number of CSE SR-100s in underground coal mines, multiple SCSRs available to miners, the low probability of failure and the shortage of immediately available replacements, MSHA and NIOSH have determined that an orderly phase-out will better protect the safety of the miners than immediate withdrawal of the devices," Main said.
Under the MSHA plan, miners who rove around underground -- such as safety examiners or water pumping crewmen who don't have easy access to backup caches of units -- must be given a different model SCSR or a backup SR-100 to wear within 30 days. All other miners must be given new or backup equipment by April 26, 2013, and all SR-100s must be out of the mines by Dec. 31, 2013.
CSE stopped making and selling the SR-100 and last year began marketing a new model of SCSR that the company says is smaller, lighter and produces 40 percent more oxygen than the SR-100, which was rated to supply at least one hour of breathable air.
"We have complete confidence in all of the products we produce and want our customers to know that we are prepared to support their needs during this time of orderly transition and in the future," CSE said in a statement issued Thursday afternoon.
Other SCSR makers include Wisconsin-based Ocenco and the German firm Drager.
Bruce Watzman, vice president for safety issues at the National Mining Association, said his organization was still reviewing the MSHA announcement and had no immediate comment.
"We have encouraged MSHA to be aggressive in dealing with this issue, and we believe this initiative meets that goal," said Phil Smith, a spokesman for the United Mine Workers union.
In 1969, Congress required coal operators to provide all miners with an emergency device that would provide them at least one hour of breathable air to help them escape in the event of an underground fire or explosion.
The SR-100 model uses a chemical process to generate oxygen, based in part on a reaction with carbon dioxide being exhaled by its user. Miners are supposed to start the unit by exhaling into it.
Over the years, coal miners had expressed complaints about SCSRs not starting or appearing to start slowly. Government and industry officials generally dismissed those complaints, saying the real problem was that miners didn't understand how to use the units properly.
After Sago, McCloy testified that the SR-100s of four of the 12 miners trapped by the Jan. 2, 2006, explosion wouldn't start.
MSHA dismissed McCloy's complaints. "Some of the miners had trouble donning their SCSRs and breathing through them," the MSHA investigation report on Sago said. "However, testing indicated that the units produced oxygen as intended."
Later, lawmakers in West Virginia and then Washington also ordered companies to add extra breathing devices to be stored in key locations underground. They took no action about the SR-100 concerns described by McCloy.
Separate reports by mine safety expert Davitt McAteer and the UMW's safety department recommended much tougher scrutiny of the SR-100 and the speedy development of better and more reliable SCSRs that were also easier to use.
Under federal regulations, MSHA and NIOSH jointly certify the devices as complying with government standards, and the agencies have an agreement through which they are jointly charged with dealing with any problems that come up later when devices are in use.
In 2010, MSHA and NIOSH launched a joint investigation of problems that were eventually traced to the oxygen cylinders used in the initial start-up of the SR-100 devices. Initially, CSE said it had instituted a "recall" of the troubled units, but later conceded it had not actually ordered coal companies to stop using the devices.
In lawsuits after the Sago disaster, families of the miners were investigating concerns that the SR-100 cylinders, made by a vendor for CSE, somehow leaked, leaving the units without enough oxygen to start properly. Those suits were settled, and the terms were kept confidential.
Reach Ken Ward Jr. at firstname.lastname@example.org or 304-348-1702.


The combined load capacity of the +12V rail is not declared but it equals the sum of the two “virtual” output lines it is split into. So, this PSU can yield 36A (432W) across its +12V power rail.
The Antec website claims that two +12V lines (one of which is connected only to the 4-pin ATX12V connector) ensure stable power for the CPU that does not depend on the consumption of the other components. As I have repeatedly noted in my reviews, this is untrue. There is but one 12V power rail inside the PSU. It is split into two lines at the output in order to make the PSU safer for the user. Thus, there is no talking about the two lines being independent. Except for the tiny difference due to the voltage drop on the wires and connectors, the voltages of the 12V1 and 12V2 lines are almost identical. If one sags, the other sags, too.
The PSU is equipped with the following cables and connectors:
- Mainboard cable with a 20+4-pin connector (50cm long)
- CPU cable with a 4-pin connector (50cm)
- Graphics card cable with a 6-pin connector (51cm)
- One cable with two Molex connectors and one floppy-drive plug (50+15+15cm)
- One cable with three Molex connectors (50+15+15cm)
- One cable with two SATA power connectors (51+15cm)
The wires are tied up with nylon straps into braids. Wires from different braids are entangled near the PSU case.
Together with an APC SmartUPS SC 620 this PSU worked at loads up to 340W (from the mains) and 320W (from the battery). The pair was not stable when working on the battery: the UPS would shut down after 10-20 seconds under a slightest overload. I didn’t observe such problems with this series of FSP products before.
The PSU worked normally at its full load of 500W.
The output voltage ripple is low, far below the allowable limits on the +3.3V and +12V rails. There is almost no ripple at all on the +5V rail.
The cross-load characteristics are normal for this series of FSP power supplies and somewhat inferior to the opposing products: the +5V and +3.3V rails sag quickly as the load grows up and the PSU does not make it to the full declared load for these rails, which is 152W.
On the other hand, this is an insignificant drawback for modern PCs. As you can see, my “reference” configuration hits the “green zone” again. In other words, the voltages deflect less than 3% in the four test modes, from idle to 3DMark06.
Alas, the PSU is not silent. Its fan starts up at over 2000rpm and accelerates proportionally to the load. It is always audible and becomes the noisiest in the system at a load of 200W because the present generation of graphics cards (both Radeon HD 3870 and GeForce 8800 GTS/512) is rather quiet while good CPU coolers are quite a common thing these days. So, Seasonic seems to be wise in using somewhat larger heatsinks in its PSUs.
The PSU set no records in terms of efficiency, yet its efficiency factor is always above 80%.
Unfortunately, the Basiq BP500U is indeed a basic product among the PSUs selling under the Antec brand. Having good electrical parameters, it shows drawbacks the other models in this review are free from, namely high noise and certain instability when working with my UPS. Users may be interested in the junior, 350W, version of the Basiq if it is cheap enough. The senior, 500W, version may only be necessary for top-end configurations. But if you have an advanced configuration, you may want to add some more money and buy a more expensive and better PSU instead.


Super Talent on Tuesday made another attempt to popularize solid-state drives (SSDs) by substantially slashing prices on cost-effective models. The supplier of memory components hopes that the new price-points will catalyze end-users to prefer SSDs to premium-class hard disk drives (HDDs).
Super Talent’s MasterDrive LX-series solid-state drives that are based on multi-level cell (MLC) flash memory and feature Serial ATA-300 interface are hardly the fastest on the market with up to 100MB/s sequential read speed and up to 40MB/s write speed, but their pricing will definitely attract attention. The recommended price for MasterDrive LX 64GB (60GB) is just $179, whereas 128GB (120GB) version costs $299. Both models will begin shipping this week.
“The MasterDrive LX is our most cost-effective SSD yet. However, we’ve made no compromises in quality and reliability”, said Joe James, director of marketing at Super Talent.
While the company did not reveal any meantime between failure figures for the MasterDrive LX products, it said that they feature integrated ECC, wear leveling and bad bit management functions to improve the reliability and lifespan of these SSDs.
Still, even the entry level solid state drives are more expensive compared to the highest end HDDs these days. For example, Western Digital VelociRaptor 150GB costs about $199, 33% less than Super Talent’s relatively affordable 128GB SSD. As a result, many computer enthusiasts are likely to stick with good-old hard disk drives and not migrate to flash-based storage devices just now.


Union Organization and Labor Relations: North Dakota
Federal law and guidance on this subject should be reviewed together with this section.
- The North Dakota Labor-Management Relations Act sets forth the rights of employees to form and participate in a union. See Forming a Union.
- North Dakota is a "right to work" state. See Right to Work.
- The North Dakota Labor Commissioner determines the bargaining unit upon considering several factors. See Determination of the Bargaining Unit.
- The execution of collective bargaining agreements between the union must be by persons designated under +N.D.C.C. § 34-09-06.See Collective Bargaining Agreements between Union and Employer.
- Employer communication policies must be applied uniformly and not discriminate against union activity. See Employer Communications Policy Regarding Union Organizing.


You are a Unique and Special Person, by Nancy M. Esposito
Guide Entry to 90.06.02:
The unit is intended specifically for children in special education classes, but could also be used in 5th and 6th grade science classes. I have found in my years of teaching special education that students are often teased as being “different” or “stupid” by peers and sometimes even adults, with the result that my students often come to school with a very poor self-image. Much of this poor self-image is linked to their perceptions of themselves as being different from others, with the differences somehow making them less valuable as a person. This unit is meant to expose students to the idea that all individuals have built-in differences, and that everyone is unique. This unit covers atoms and molecules; the concepts of living vs. non-living; basic cell structure; cell division; genetic code, including chromosomes, genes and DNA; Mendel’s theories; autosomal recessive diseases; and autosomal dominant diseases. Sample lessons include a fact sheet on sickle cell anemia. The main goal of the unit is for students to feel at the end that every person is both like other people and different from other people, and that many of these similarities and differences are governed by genetics. Additionally students will realize that not all differences are negative, and will be able to understand that even their peers who tease them are different from others in their own ways.
(Recommended for Special Education, grades 5-8; and Science, grades 5-6)


Composition Through Improvisation - Jeff Franzel
Uploaded On: Wednesday April 10, 2013
Yamaha Artist Jeff Franzel explores ways in which improvisation can inform the compositional process through his performance of "Composition Through Innovation." Franzel excels in improvisational work through his ability to utilize personal experiences to compose, and by connecting with the rhythm of the instrument to draw inspiration.--This uncut, unedited performance was recorded at Yamaha Artist Services, New York, in December 2012.
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|Dr. Rocky White, a former Republican, has become a leading advocate of single-payer, national health insurance.|
You wouldn’t know it from the candidates’ debates or reports on the major television networks, but a majority of Americans favor a government-run health insurance system similar to Canada’s.
Those lining up to support single-payer health care include medical professionals, business people, and many Republicans. Dr. Rocky White has been all of those things.
White is a former Republican, from a conservative, evangelical background, who got interested in health care reform nine years ago when his own medical practice slipped into the red. His research into the health care system led him to conclude that the problem wasn’t just in his practice— the health care system itself is broken, and a single-payer program is the most efficient way to fix it.
Under the single-payer system, doctors’ offices and hospitals remain private for-profit or non-profit institutions. But the federal government covers the bills for patient services, with funds coming from taxes. The patient gets the health care they need. Paperwork and billing are kept to a minimum. Employers no longer have the difficult task of choosing, administering, and paying for health insurance for employees. Everyone is covered.
The current setup is as complicated as single-payer is simple. Today, the discerning consumer must wade through a complex system of pre-existing condition exemptions, co-pays, and deductibles—if they have coverage at all. Arguments over billing among doctors’ offices, insurance companies, patients, and their lawyers eat up millions of dollars. An estimated $25 out of each $100 spent goes to paperwork, profits, and executive pay and bonuses. And disagreement over medical coverage is one of the most common sources of labor disputes for employers who have seen insurance premiums double since 2000.
With these inflated costs, it’s little wonder that in 2006, the last year for which government figures are available, 47 million Americans had no insurance at all, including 8.7 million children, or that 68 percent of bankruptcies in the U.S. come as a direct result of medical expenses among people who do have insurance.
When White learned about Physicians for a National Health Program and their plan for a single-payer health care system, he saw it was similar to his own idea and he joined their effort.
Other medical professionals have had a similar reaction. The American College of Physicians—the largest organization of medical specialists in the country—endorses single-payer health care as does the California Nurses Association, the largest organization of registered nurses.
And so do 55 percent of Americans, according to a CBS News poll conducted in September. In another poll, 64 percent said they would be willing to pay higher taxes for a national health care insurance program.
In Congress, HR 676, the “Medicare for All” bill introduced by Representative John Conyers, Jr. of Michigan, currently has 90 co-sponsors—more than any other health care reform proposal—and the endorsement of the U.S. Conference of Mayors.
Republicans for Single-Payer
Support for single-payer health care is not just strong among progressives. George Swan, for instance, is a health care administrator, self-described “Purple Republican,” and a founder of Republicans for Single Payer.
“It’s about being American and doing what’s right,” Swan says. “What’s right is not paying a 30 percent premium to the insurance system and receiving sub-standard health care.”
Business owners are also supporting single-payer health care. For 25 years, Jack Lohman owned a company that provided cardiac monitoring services to hospitals. Today, he’s a co-founder of the Business Coalition for Single Payer. A “lifelong Republican,” Lohman argues that conservatives should support single-payer because it’s pro-business.
“For the same 16 percent of GDP that we are spending on health care in the U.S.,” he says, “we could provide first-class health care to 100 percent of the people.” And single-payer would “get health care off the backs of corporations so they can be more competitive with products made overseas.”
John Arensmeyer spent 12 years running an e-commerce company with 35 employees. Then he founded the Small Business Majority to advocate for the interests of small businesses, particularly on health care issues. Sharp rises in health care costs for small businesses are hurting their ability to survive, Arensmeyer says. “It’s antithetical to what we’re all about as a country, which is to allow people the freedom to go out and start new enterprises.”
Small business has often been portrayed as opposing health care reform, but SBM’s research shows that small businesses are interested in being part of the solution—even if it means paying higher taxes.
Walter Maher, former vice-president of public policy at the DaimlerChrysler Corporation, sees the problems in similar ways, although he looks at health care costs through the lens of large corporate employers.
General Motors, he says, is paying people to leave their jobs so they can hire replacements at 50 cents on the dollar with reduced health benefits. “It’s sad,” he says. “You have a giant albatross around your neck because you choose to provide a good standard of living for your employees.”
Money in Politics
If the current system is so unpopular among medical professional, patients, and business owners, what’s keeping it in place? Most advocates for single-payer agree that money in politics is the greatest obstacle to change. During the 2006 election cycle, the health care industry spent $99.7 million on campaign contributions. Lobbying on health care issues topped $446 million in 2007.
For Jack Lohman, that’s the crux of the problem. “Both McCain’s and Obama’s plans for health care are lousy,” he says. “Although both claim they’re not taking lobbyist money, somehow this money is getting through. They are each supporting health care that keeps the insurance industry involved.”
And all that money can buy a lot of misinformation and scaremongering. Rocky White says he finds that people get interested in the single-payer approach if they understand what’s actually being proposed: “When people realize that all that it is,” he says, “is a publicly owned insurance company, all of a sudden business people start to lose that fear that ‘Oh my God, we’re going to become the Soviet Union.’ Even Republicans say, ‘This really makes a lot of sense.’”
While White would like to see reform happen on a national level, he believes it’s more realistic to work at the state level for now. And for him, that means Colorado. White sits on the board of Health Care for All Colorado, a nonprofit, volunteer-run group with 250 members that includes Democrats, Republicans, physicians, business people, college professors, and economists. And he is running for a Democratic seat in the state legislature to add “the voice of medicine” to the debate.
“Any time a state has studied it, they find that single-payer is the most cost-effective and covers everyone,” White says. His proposal for a single-payer system in Colorado is being studied by a blue ribbon commission created by the Colorado Legislature.
In May, the 6,000 delegates to the Colorado Democratic Party Convention endorsed a pro-single-payer resolution that will be forwarded to the national convention in Denver in August.
If one state can make a single-payer plan work, White believes, it could start a cascading effect similar to what took place in Canada during the 1940s and ‘50s.
“People are discouraged, they’re angry, they’re upset,” White says. “But politics is the process that drives policy, and if we don’t get involved in the political process we’ll never make a difference.”
|Daina Saib wrote this article as part of Purple America, the Fall 2008 issue of YES! Magazine. Daina is a former YES! editorial assistant.|


Watch I Am
The documentary or movie was written and directed by Tom Shadyac. He was also the director of the well known movies as Liar, Liar, Bruce Almighty and The Nutty Professor. The producer of the documentary Dagan Handy and executive producers were Jennifer Abbott and Jonathan Wilson. Nicole Pritchett was the associate producer of the movie.
The release date in theaters was February 2011 but limited to certain areas with the running time of the movie one hour and sixteen minutes. The genre was listed under entertainment, family, special interest, television and documentary. It was rated PG-13 and released on DVD in November 2010. The main character of the documentary along with being the commentary or guide of the movie was Tom Shadyac and the camera crew.
The movie was based on what happened after Mr. Shadyac's tragic bicycle accident that left him incapacitated for possibly the rest of his life. Through many hours of rehabilitation he was able to recover and looks at life with a new perspective. After recovering from the accident Tom Shadyac decided at that time to embark on his first non-fiction film which he would try to answer one of the hardest questions who am I. The movie takes people on a journey into an undiscovered area that many of us don't want to ask let alone try to find the answers too.
Tom Shadyac meets with many notable and intellectual known individuals in the science area, philosophers and men/women of faith. He talks with Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Ray Anderson, John Francis, Coleman Barks, Noam Chomsky and many other known thinkers of the world. They discuss what is wrong with the world today, what as individuals' can do to improve our society and can us as mankind improves the way we all live. The movie does some soul searching on who we really are along with the concept of self-awareness in the bigger scheme of the world.


A simulation of an aircraft in wind tunnel used in the study of aerodynamics.
An example of a study of aerodynamics is to determine the potential speed of a vehicle based on the way its shape will move through air.
noun(used with a sing. verb)
top: high drag on a less aerodynamic shape
bottom: low drag on a more aerodynamic shape


A foot with a large bruise.
- The definition of a bruise is an injured area of a surface that becomes discolored, or to crush with force, or the hurt of a person's feelings.
- An example of a bruise is a black and blue injury on the skin.
- An example of a bruise is to crush mint leaves in a mortar and pestle to bring out the scent and taste of the mint for a cocktail.
- An example of a bruise is to tell someone something that makes them feel bad about themselves.
- Bruise means to injure the outside of something or someone.
- An example of bruise is to punch someone and cause a black and blue mark.
- An example of bruise is to push hard on a piece of fruit, making a dent in the skin of the fruit and causing the fruit to darken.
- to injure (tissue), as by a blow, without breaking the skin but causing discoloration
- to injure the surface or outside of, causing spoilage, denting, etc.: bruised peaches, a bruised auto fender
- to crush with or as with mortar and pestle
- to hurt (the feelings, spirit, etc.)
Origin of bruiseMiddle English bruisen ; from Old English brysan, to crush, pound ; from Indo-European base an unverified form bhreus-, to smash, crush; Middle English form and amp; meaning influenced, influence by Old French bruisier, to break, shatter ; from Gaulish an unverified form brus- ; from same Indo-European base
- to bruise tissue, a surface, etc.
- to be or become bruised
- a bruised area of tissue, of a surface, etc.
- an injury to one's feelings, spirit, etc.
verbbruised, bruis·ing, bruis·es
- a. To injure the underlying soft tissue or bone of (part of the body) without breaking the skin, as by a blow.b. To damage (plant tissue), as by abrasion or pressure: bruised the fruit by careless packing.
- To dent or mar.
- To pound (berries, for example) into fragments; crush.
- To hurt, especially psychologically.
- An injury to underlying tissues or bone in which the skin is not broken, often characterized by ruptured blood vessels and discolorations.
- A similar injury to plant tissue, often resulting in discoloration or spoilage.
- A painful feeling caused by or associated with an experience.
Origin of bruiseMiddle English bruisen, from Old English br&ymacron;san, to crush, and from Old North French bruisier (of Celtic origin).
(third-person singular simple present bruises, present participle bruising, simple past and past participle bruised)
- To strike (a person), originally with something flat or heavy, but now specifically in such a way as to discolour the skin without breaking it.
- To damage the skin of (fruit), in an analogous way.
- (intransitive) Of fruit, to gain bruises through being handled roughly.
- Bananas bruise easily.
- (intransitive) To become bruised.
- I bruise easily.
- (intransitive) To fight with the fists; to box.
From Middle English bruisen, brusen, from Anglo-Norman bruiser, bruser (“to break, smash”), from Gaulish *brusu (compare Old Irish brúu (“I shatter, smash”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreus- (“to break”) (compare Latin frustum (“bit, scrap”), Old Church Slavonic бръснути (brŭsnuti, “to rake”), Albanian breshër (“hail”)).Replaced early modern English brise (compare Scots brizz), from Middle English brisen, bresen, from Old English brȳsan, briesan (“to crush”), from Proto-Germanic *brausijaną, causative from the same PIE root. Cognate with Old English brosnian (“to crumble, fall apart”), Dutch broos (“brittle”), German Brosame (“crumb”), dialectal Norwegian brøysk (“breakable”).


A large and destructive wave created by an earthquake is an example of a tsunami.
Origin of tsunamiJapanese ; from tsu, a harbor + nami, a wave
nounpl. tsu·na·mis or tsunami
Origin of tsunamiJapanese : tsu, harbor + nami, wave (so called because tsunamis generally pass unnoticed on the open sea, causing a slight swell, but rise to cause damage in the shallow waters of harbors ).
(plural tsunamis or tsunami)
From Japanese æ´¥æ³¢ / æ´¥æµª (ã¤ãªã¿ (tsunami, “seismic sea wave", literally “harbour wave")).


The courses in the lists below have been approved as suitable for advanced apprentices to progress to. The majority of these courses are part-time or distance learning so you can continue to work whilst you study.
You can search for subjects linked to your apprenticeship by using the below drop-down box. You may be interested in a general business, administration or management course, to view these courses select business and administration in the drop down box.
You can also search for courses by keyword. It is important to check with the college or university that the type of advanced apprenticeship you studied is suitable for the higher education course subject you wish to apply for.
In order to commence on an apprenticeship course you must first secure a position with an employer. The National Apprenticeship Service website has a very useful vacany matching service. The site also contains detailed and helpful information on all aspects of apprenticeships.
To see how studying at a higher level has helped other apprentices, watch our video case study.
Copyright, 2013, Health Education East Midlands


Misconceptions and stereotypes get in the way of our perceptions about gay parents.
Are gay parents any different than heterosexual parents? The research says no. And while openly gay couples trying to adopt is a fairly new social phenomenon, there is nothing new at all about gay parents.
PARENTS IN THE CLOSET
Although stigma remains, surveys show increasing public acceptance of homosexuality, especially among younger people. In the past, gay parents were common because they were frequently in the closet and married to opposite sex partners! Many of us know a story about someone in midlife who has been raising their own children for many years who gets divorced, comes out as gay and sets off with a new same sex partner. The person who was the parent has not changed in what kind of a parent they are and those children will have the same range of mental health, from poor to fantastic as any other child. Of course being in the closet can be detrimental to the parent/child relationship as the child can be distressed at having been lied to or having to adjust to what may be a new perception of their parent. Many gay people have never been open about their sexuality and remain in the closet. Some have extramarital homsexual affairs and some remain celibate but their parenting is the same.
CUSTODY AND GAY PARENTS
In the past, demonstrating that a divorcing parent was a homosexual, was often enough to give the other parent custody. As gay parents have fought harder and more openly for their rights the fact of homosexuality is no longer an issue used to deny custody. The main reason for this is that research consistently fails to identify any factors that negatively affect children from a parent's homosexuality. Because there was no good evidence to show that living with a homosexual parent, the courts started supporting the wishes of these parents. Society in general has been slower to catch up.
GAY PARENTS ADOPTING
A major study by the University of Virginia and reported on widely in the media http://guardianlv.com/2013/12/same-sex-marriage-adoption-is-healthy-stud... looked at adoptees and foster children living with gay parents and found that these children did not differ significantly in the areas studied from the children of heterosexual parents. In fact, they found some benefits for children growing up in same sex households including greater tolerance of others and a greater willingness (especially for girls) to go into wider range of work roles, less restricted by gender stereotypes.
Some areas of the country still have barriers restricting the ability of gay parents from adopting. This seems especially sad; that negative stereotypes of homosexuality allows people to think that no family is better for these children than a same sex family.
WHAT MAKES A GOOD PARENT?
As a psychologist, I find the whole controversy a little sad. Much of my working life revolves around patching up the lives of people who had horrible parents-parents with substance abuse, parents who were physically, emotionally or sexually abusive, neglectful parents, parents with mental illness who were depressed or isolated or who committed suicide during their children’s youth. You don’t need a license to bear children or the approval of a legislature or the courts. Any heterosexual person without a criminal record can freely adopt or bear children. I am sure there are homosexuals who have personal failings and who will not make good parents but that is no reason to deny them the same rights as homosexuals.
No one is seriously recommending that we pre-screen heterosexual people for their right to have children. We don't deny people the right to bear children who have DUI's or arrests for domestic violence or a history of psychiatric hospitalization. Can we really still believe that homosexuality poses a greater threat to the well-being of children?
For More Homosexuality Advice From YourTango:
- Does The Bible Really Condone Homosexuality, Premarital Sex?
- Top 10 Misconceptions About Gay People
- Accepting Bisexuality: Attraction Across Gender Lines


Those of you familiar with Mortal Kombat might have heard of today’s kami before, although the game version is quite different from the real one. This is Fujin (風神), the god of the winds. He’s said to be one of the oldest gods, present at the time of Creation when he opened up his bag of winds to clear the morning mists and fill the void between Earth and Heaven.
His appearance is that of a fearsome demon, and in Chinese mythology he and his buddy Raijin (we’ll meet him later) were evil demons who opposed Buddha, but after being defeated by his army, they join his side and have been working as gods since.
While the god of the winds has probably always been a part of Japanese mythology, the imagery we see of Fujin can be traced back to the ancient Greek god of the North Wind, Boreas (from whom we get the words boreal, aurora borealis, and Hyperborea). Boreas carried a magic cloak in which he carried the wind, and he was a very popular god. When Alexander the Great formed his empire, he brought Greek gods and imagery all the way to India’s doorstep, and the cultural reverberations were tremendous. The Greco-Bactrian culture that sprang up in present-day Afghanistan preserved those Greek images long after the dissolution of Alexander’s empire, and eventually merged them with Buddhist iconography, which traveled along the Silk Road to China and then Japan. Pretty cool, huh?
I won’t be posting a kami tomorrow or the next day, as I will be traveling to Yokohama for a friend’s wedding. So have a nice weekend and Coming of Age Day (here in Japan), and when I get back I’ll post a new kami very soon. Maybe I’ll get some nice wedding photos too.
This print is available on my Etsy store. If you’re interested in buying the original, please email me. Thanks for reading!


For the past six years, I’ve participated in competitive swimming. But this past September, I decided to quit.
Once upon a time, my wife and I decided that our kids would not play hockey and, more importantly, that we would never be “hockey parents.” Hockey was expensive, brought out the worst in both kids and their parents, was expensive, unnecessarily violent, expensive, involved excessive amounts of travel and early mornings at frigid rinks… and was expensive.
The fabric of western society is woven with threads of competition. People compete for marks in school, for jobs, for attention with family and friends. People even compete for the fun of it. Television shows like Survivor, American Idol, and The Apprentice pit one player or team against another in ever-changing competitive environments.
We’ve probably all heard about the benefits of participating on sports teams – values such as teamwork, loyalty, self-sacrifice, perseverance, and work ethic. Playing on a team gave me many opportunities to develop in these areas. Team athletics also taught me a lot about myself, and helped me prepare for life in and outside the competitive arena.


Is Your Data Safe in an IaaS Public Cloud?
Can your business afford the revenue and productivity loss associated with technology outages? In a hyper-competitive market, few businesses can. Many IT professionals expect to address the problem of business downtime simply by moving workloads to the cloud because they assume their cloud provider replicates customer data within their cloud centers as a matter of course. But in truth, your cloud provider has limited ability to protect your data. Most cloud providers assume responsibility only for the underlying infrastructure. Such backup procedures aren’t designed as an adequate means to protect your data in the event of an outage or disaster.
Read this white paper to understand your business’s responsibility for data protection in the cloud, including:
- The need for data protection in IaaS public cloud environments, including common shared responsibility models employed by many cloud providers
- Why relying on your cloud provider is not enough of a backup and recovery strategy
- How shared responsibility impacts both disaster recovery and security
- And more!


The MarsVR team travelled to the MDRS in June 2018 and used a donated Matterport camera to take dozens of 360 panoramic scans of the inside of all of the MDRS facilities. These are not static 360 panoramas — you can use your computer’s arrow keys to move around inside of each of these Matterport environments.
MDRS Hab Interior Scan
This complete scan of the MDRS Hab interior allows you to walk around and (for the first time on Matterport) go inside all of the crew staterooms and other areas of the hab. In comparison to the 2014 scans done by Victor Luo (see below), these scans were done with the MDRS in a more “bare-bones” post-field season configuration, which is great since we can use these in conjuction with new 3-D models we’ll build out and overlay onto the facilities for the purposes of our training scenarios.
Previous Hab Interior Scan
It’s interesting to compare our new MDRS Hab Interior Scan with the December 2014 Matterport scans done by Victor Luo (of Crew 144, and now at JPL) which show the MDRS in a lived-in field season configuration:
The Musk Observatory (aka the MDRS Solar Observatory)
This observatory has been recently converted to be a Sun-focused observatory, but was our original astronomical observatory. It was built with funds donated by Elon Musk back in the early 2000s. (Before he became the real Tony Stark, or maybe a real-life James Bond villian. Love you Elon!)
RAM (Repair and Assembly Module)
Scans of the MDRS Airlock with the internal door open & closed, which we will use to build our training scenario for going through the airlock. With this, you can study in detail all of the donors from our 2002 fundraising plaque, which people have asked about 🙂 I can’t wait to put some CrowdExplorer stickers next to this in our VR environment (and maybe IRL during our MarsVR Crew 197 rotation in October!)
MDRS Airlock Inner Door Open:
MDRS Airlock Inner Door Closed:
MDRS Hab Equipment Room
MDRS Equipment Room:
MDRS Equipment Room 2:
This is amazing stuff, but this is only representative of the work done inside the facilities. The MarsVR team is also worked on a full VR simulation which will be widely available later this year. It includes scans of the interior and exterior of the facilities as well as 1 square mile of surrounding terrain.


A Santa Claus Belly Is Not Always Jolly
Aspirin is not safe for Everyone
20 Ways to Find, Sustain and Share Happiness
by Carol Tuttle
Green Veggies to the Rescue
Hidden Meaning on the Grocery Shelf
Stand Straight - Proper posture goes a long way.
As kids, we all remember being told to "stand up straight." People value good posture for aesthetic reasons -- it certainly looks better -- but it has many more benefits than meets the eye. To get the inside story on good posture, I spoke with Boston chiropractor Peter A. Hill, DC, MPA, a former "Chiropractor of the Year" in Massachusetts.
The Modern Yogi’s Dilemma of Eating “Right”: How Can We Honor Both Ourselves And Our World?
In my quest to understand what we as human beings need to create health and harmony in body, mind, and spirit I researched far and wide, traversing the fields of nutritional science and biochemistry to environmental science, from politics to morality, from modern marketing techniques to the nature of consciousness.
Ahhh- the magical season of Autumn has finally arrived, and along with cooler weather we get to enjoy the bounty of the colorful fall harvest.
Pronounced “keh-FEER,” kefir is a fermented milk drink. Kefir's colorful and romantic history dates back many centuries—likely even longer—to the shepherds of the Caucasus Mountains, who reportedly discovered that fresh milk carried in leather pouches would occasionally ferment into an effervescent beverage.
Digestive disorders are on the increase. About 38 million Americans suffer from a variety of digestive problems such as GERD, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, food allergies, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn’s disease. Approximately 25 million Americans have daily heartburn and it is estimated that 20% of the adult population have irritable bowel syndrome. Celiac disease, once considered rare, is now thought to affect 1 in 133 people, and food allergies have increased alarmingly.
If you, like many of us over the last 20 years, have heard that soy was good for your heart, your bones, that it lowers cholesterol and is a good source of protein because you gave up meat, you will be very surprised to learn the latest information on soy.
Most people have heard that their thyroid is important for controlling their metabolism and body weight. But did you know that depression, heart disease, chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, PMS, menopausal symptoms, muscle and joint pains, irritable bowel syndrome, or autoimmune disease could actually indicate a problem with your thyroid?
Just in time for your annual “spring cleaning”, here is the latest information on the cleaners that line our store shelves and that we use on a daily basis. While we all like our cleaning products to actually “clean”, the research shows that there are dangerous chemicals found in most household cleaning products, and what you can use instead.
Most of us have heard that free radicals -- the undesirable byproducts of various metabolic functions -- damage cells. Over time, this damage, called oxidative damage or oxidative stress, is believed to play a leading role in certain diseases and age-related changes. Free radical destruction is thought to be a contributing factor to the decline in memory and motor performance seen in aging. But what does this really mean? And how can we prevent cellular damage from free radicals?
Here are 10 guidelines for lasting weight loss, the kind of weight loss that becomes effortless and natural over time. While we all know that fad diets don’t work in the long run, many of us wonder what does work, and if it is possible to actually enjoy life and maintain a healthy weight at the same time.
Thanksgiving is here, and shortly thereafter we have the Yuletide season. It's a time of year when family, friends, festivities, and most of all food takes center stage in our lives.
Since there's no shortage of high-calorie, seasonal comfort foods, the holidays often break the resolve of those who usually watch what they eat. However, there are plenty of ways to enjoy your Thanksgiving dinner and the Holiday season without throwing out the basics of a healthful diet. Whether at a family meal, neighborhood cocktail party or office potluck, the key is making healthful choices while still enjoying food traditions.
Every Thanksgiving we take time to be thankful for all that we have in our lives; our families and friends, our neighbors, and our careers that allow us the means by which we can provide for our families.
- Despite what you may have been told, the gallbladder serves a very important digestive function. The gall bladder is a hollow inactive organ supplying bile to the digestive tract that is mainly used to emulsify fats and oils.
- The first step is to improving the health of your gallbladder immediately remove refined foods from your diet, especially synthetic fats like hydrogenated oils.
- The second step is to plan on exercising at least 30 minutes a day, every day.
- Although there are many websites that discuss a 24 hour gallbladder cleanse and the immediate flushing of stones, a gradual cleanse and the long term transition to a diet of whole, unprocessed foods and an active lifestyle is really the only way to both prevent gall stones and gallbladder dysfunction and support your body to returning to health.
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Classifications: thrombolytic enzyme, tissue plasminogen activator; Therapeutic: thrombolytic enzyme
Pregnancy Category: C
50 mg vial
Tenecteplase is a third generation thrombolytic agent with advantages over alteplase, including longer half-life, more rapid
thrombolysis, and greater fibrin specificity. Additionally, rate of noncerebral bleeding is less than in alteplase. Activates
plasminogen, a substance created by endothelial cells in response to arterial wall injury that contributes to clot formation.
Plasminogen is converted to plasmin which breaks down the fibrin mesh that binds the clot together, thus dissolving the
Effective in producing thrombolysis of a clot involved in a myocardial infarction.
Reduction of mortality associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Active internal bleeding; history of CVA; intracranial or intraspinal surgery with 2 mo; intracranial neoplasm; arteriovenous
malformation, or aneurysm; known bleeding diathesis; brain tumor; increased intracranial pressure; coagulopathy; head trauma;
stroke; surgery; severe uncontrolled hypertension; pregnancy (category C), lactation.
Recent major surgery, previous puncture of compressible vessels, CVA, recent GI or GU bleeding, recent trauma; hypertension,
mitral valve stenosis, acute pericarditis, bacterial endocarditis; severe liver or kidney disease; hemorrhagic ophthalmic
conditions; septic thrombophlebitis or occluded, infected AV cannula; advanced age; concurrent administration of oral anticoagulants,
recent administration of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors, condition involving bleeding. Safety and efficacy in children are not established.
Route & Dosage
|Acute Myocardial Infarction
Adult: IV Infuse dose over 5 sec, <60 kg, 30 mg; 6070 kg, 35 mg; 7080 kg, 40 mg; 8090 kg, 45 mg; >90 kg, 50 mg
PREPARE: Direct: Read and follow instructions supplied with TwinPakTM Dual Cannula Device. Withdraw 10 mL of sterile
water for injection from the supplied vial; inject entire contents into the TNKase vial directing the diluent stream into
the powder. Gently swirl until dissolved but do not shake. The resulting solution contains 5 mg/mL. Withdraw the appropriate
dose and discard any unused solution. Follow directions supplied with TwinPakTM for proper handling
ADMINISTER: Direct: Dextrose-containing IV line must be flushed before and after bolus with NS. Give as a single bolus dose over 5 sec. The
total dose given should not exceed 50 mg.
INCOMPATIBILITIES Solution/additive: Dextrose solutions.
- Store unopened TwinPakTM at ≤30° C (86°
F) or under refrigeration at 2°8° C (36°46° F).
Adverse Effects (≥1%)Hematologic: Major bleeding, hematoma,
GI bleed, bleeding at puncture site, hematuria, pharyngeal, epistaxis.
Diagnostic Test Interference
Unreliable results for coagulation test I and measures of fibrinolytic activity.
In liver. Half-Life:
Assessment & Drug Effects
- Avoid IM injections and unnecessary handling or invasive procedures for the first few hours after treatment.
- Monitor for S&S of bleeding. Should bleeding occur, discontinue concomitant heparin and antiplatelet therapy; notify physician.
- Monitor cardiovascular and neurologic status closely. Persons at increased risk for life-threatening cardiac events include
those with: A high potential for bleeding, recent surgery, severe hypertension, mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation,
anticoagulant therapy, and advanced age.
- Lab tests: Baseline and 1 h after administration of drug determine cardiac enzymes, circulating myoglobin, cardiac troponin-1,
creatine kinase-MB; Hgb & Hct post-infusion.
- Coagulation parameters may not predict bleeding episodes.
Patient & Family Education
- Notify physician of the following immediately: A sudden, severe headache; any sign of bleeding; signs or symptoms of hypersensitivity
(see Appendix F).
- Stay as still as possible and do not attempt to get out of bed until directed to do so.


Good morning. Before I begin my prepared remarks, I would like to ask all of us to take a moment to think about the people in Texas and now Louisiana. To take a moment to pray for them, silently, and to also think of how each of us can do something to help in the days and weeks and months that come as those communities face what will be a long and difficult and trying process of bringing their lives back in order. So if we could just take a moment to think about that and send our strongest good wishes to everyone there. Thank you.
* * *
Each year since 2007, I have joined you here on the first day of classes to seize a moment of contemplation and community before the hectic work of the new year begins. I have relished this invitation and opportunity because it has enabled me to step back, to lift my sights for a few minutes from the demands of the pressing array of issues of a brand-new year in order to reflect on the important and the meaningful. It is an opportunity to think not just about what we do and how, but to ask the more fundamental question of why. What is the compass that we steer by? Where is our North Star? What are the values that motivate all we do and bind us together as a community?
Let me endeavor to state it flat-out: We believe in the pursuit of truth as our common purpose. We believe in the power of learning and discovery to enhance human capacity and in our responsibility to develop that capacity to serve the world. We believe in the value of every member of this community and in each person’s potential to contribute to the common good. We believe that our diversity offers us the strongest possible foundation for our strength because it enables us to enrich, to educate, and to challenge one another. We believe in the obligations that each of us bears toward one another and toward something greater than ourselves.
Over the past several months, and most recently in Charlottesville, Virginia, we have seen loathsome demonstrations of hatred and violence, reviving the most shameful episodes of the past and foregrounding the very worst of what we have been and regrettably still are as a nation. I grew up in the 1950s in segregated, racist Virginia, in a state that endeavored to close its public schools rather than comply with the mandate for integration in the Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board decision of 1954. But over the past half-century I watched the state slowly but significantly change — integrate its schools and universities, elect an African-American governor, then even vote for a black president. But on Aug. 12, I saw white supremacy resurgent, setting its sights on a university town with values like our own to mount its challenge and to advance its evil and its cruelty.
There is much we can and should do in our academic work to understand and combat bigotry. We study implicit bias, we explore connections between intolerance and burgeoning economic inequality, we investigate how education can mitigate the cruelties of racism, and we prepare students to serve as agents of the rule of law.
But as we undertake this work with all the scholarly rigor and openness to debate that is necessary for its legitimacy and its success, we must at the same time articulate clearly and forcefully the values that inspire it. We must condemn the racism that feels free to speak in a way it hasn’t for nearly half a century. We must denounce the Nazism and anti-Semitism that my father and so many others of his generation risked their lives to defeat. We must affirm the full citizenship of LGBTQ Americans, including their right to qualify for military service. We must use the illumination of education to mitigate hatred and violence. Prejudice is taught and nurtured and modelled. Tolerance and inclusion can be as well. Education serves as the arteries of a just society.
But universities cannot accomplish their purposes in a world of bigotry and hatred, in a world where people are categorically excluded and degraded, where minds are closed or overtly hostile to differences of perspective, or experience, or identity, where violence and threats replace rational discourse and exchange.
These values are fundamental to all we do. We have been reminded that we cannot take them for granted. We cannot assume that our progress toward realizing them cannot be reversed. Let us rededicate ourselves to their defense.


By Kat McIntosh, Manger of Global Peer Support at Mental Health America
In mental health, a peer is usually used to refer to someone who shares the experience of living with a psychiatric disorder and/or addiction. Within this context, two people living with mental health conditions can be considered peers, but in reality, most people are far more specific about whom they would rely on for peer support. Additionally, peer support activities can include anything from traditional peer support groups run by certified peer support specialists to non-traditional one-on-one peer support.
Peer support addresses these needs as it allows for individuals to give and receive encouragement and assistance and helps them achieve long-term recovery. Studies showcase that peer support improves engagement and well-being and reduces mental health hospitalizations. Though trust and compatibility are often seen as important factors in this process, many traditional peer support services do not address key aspects such as race and sexual orientation.
Research shows that only one in three Black adults who need mental health care receive it. Additionally, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, gay and bisexual youth are almost five times as likely to have attempted suicide as their straight peers. Mental Health America (MHA) screening data also recognizes an emergent need to address the concerns of these communities, with 86 percent of LGBTQ youth (ages 11-17) scoring moderate to severe for a mental health condition. Additionally, multi-racial people were the most likely to screen at-risk for an alcohol/substance use disorder, anxiety, depression, eating disorders, and psychosis.
With all the challenges peers are facing, inclusion should not be one. It is therefore important to address barriers to care and inclusion experienced by BIPOC and LGBTQ peers. You can help us address these by taking our BIPOC and LGBTQ survey and sharing it with your communities.


Portrait by Joseph Grassi
Count Jacob Sievers (August 30, 1731, in Wesenberg (now Rakvere), Estonia - July 23, 1808, in Bauenhof, Governorate of Livonia (near what is now Valmiera, Latvia)) was a Russian statesman from the Sievers family.
After serving the Russian army during the Seven Years' War as quartermaster general, he was appointed governor of Novgorod in 1764 by Catharine II. He introduced the cultivation of potatoes to Russia, regulated the postal services, and was instrumental in the abolition of torture in 1767.
Based on Sievers' initiative, the provincial government reform was instituted; he was himself appointed general governor of Novgorod, Tver and Pskov. He was Russian ambassador to Poland and led the second and third partition of the kingdom. Czar Paul appointed him senator in 1796; in 1797 he became head of the new department for water communications. He was knighted in 1798.
In Sievers' honor, Alexander I named the channel that connects the outlet of the Msta river with the Volkhov river the Sievers channel.
- Blum, Karl Ludwig: Ein russischer Staatsmann, Denkwürdigkeiten des Grafen von Sievers, Leipzig 1857-58, 4 vols.
- Blum, Karl Ludwig: Graf Jacob Johann von Sievers und Russland zu dessen Zeit. Leipzig; Heidelberg: Winter, 1864
- Jones, Robert E: Provincial Development in Russia. Catherine II and Jacob Sievers. Rutgers University Press, 1984
- "Sievers, Jakob Johann". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).|


Tommy Swain 10 The Best Concept of Dual Coding
Several years back, Allan Paivio used the idea that mental pictures assist people learn. His operate at the University of Western Ontario caused the principle of Dual coding. Because of this, this approach of discovering aided individuals to enhance their memory. Currently, it is the basis of the brain's memory processing capabilities. In this post, we will examine the theory of dual coding and also discuss how it can be put on everyday life.
The principle behind dual coding is that the brain refines information in two various methods. One is aesthetic, and the various other is verbal. This technique enhances the recall of kept information. The visual signs can assist individuals understand the principle of a word. This theory can be utilized to show students concerning nourishment and discovering. On top of that, it can help them remember previous information. Dual coding is not an alternative for reviewing message.
The secret to dual coding is to have an aesthetic that fits the explanation and also verbal component. The trick to dual coding is to guarantee that the aesthetic does not confuse the student, and to leave enough time for the mind to refine the pictures prior to carrying on to the next action. For instance, you can have a quick draw of a person's face, or a packed pet. The crucial point to keep in mind concerning this technique is that it works for any ages and topics.
When mentor, students need to only utilize one of the techniques. It's not important to incorporate visual and spoken approaches. If you are a scientific research instructor, you might make use of images with little history detail. While some students prefer reviewing to writing, dual coding makes your task much easier by allowing pupils to concentrate on one element each time. The brain deals with both approaches of communication as a verb. Consequently, you should ensure that your lesson strategies consist of an aesthetic along with a spoken aspect.
In terms of teaching to learning styles, dual coding works well. When you show, you ought to take into consideration the discovering style of your students. If a pupil is making use of aesthetic hints, he/she is more probable to maintain the information. If a trainee can not remember the spoken part of the text, they might find it complicated. It is best to pick the tools that assist them recognize the details. You should focus on the content.
In order to successfully utilize dual coding, you must provide pupils adequate time to think of the information you're teaching. You can also make visuals that help trainees with learning. The trainees can duplicate the visuals in the visuals. Once they have actually developed the pictures, they can begin creating. When they're done, they can after that look at the original and also choose which one they wish to reproduce. Once you have actually picked the key principles, you can teach them with the dual coding method.
When you're educating, you must constantly bear in mind that dual coding is the very best choice. Using visual and also verbal messages to convey info will help you to comprehend the intricate information in a clear and efficient means. The two-way pairing of these two methods will certainly make discovering very easy and also your students will certainly remember the info. There's no need to be puzzled, either. The images will match the text. They'll bear in mind the details better.
When you're producing your visuals, consider your target market and the topics you'll be training. Specific subjects will gain from the use of dual coding, such as biology and also athletics. If you're instructing background, you can attempt mind maps or timelines. You may additionally such as the concept of a layout as a method to communicate the info extra clearly. This way, you'll have a much better possibility of affecting student knowing.
Another great advantage of dual coding is its capability to help trainees with their concentration. This method can be made use of in any type of class or in various other setups. Usually, students do not have the ability to follow a teacher's explanations, as well as this indicates that dual coding is an exceptional way to enhance memory. By doing this, the pupils are most likely to understand what the writer desires them to claim. This technique is likewise a fantastic method to improve the knowing experience for all.


|Effect||Does not burn in lava|
Netherite boots are a player's leg armor made from diamonds and netherite ingots. It is the most durable armor, gives maximum protection, and does not burn in fire.
Netherite Boots as armor
- Minecraft versions: 11 / 10.5.1 / 1.19.1 / 1.19 / 1.18.2 / 1.18.1 / 1.18
- COMMAND: netherite_boots
Modify date: 03/13/2022
How to craft netherite boots
There is only one recipe for how to craft netherite boots in Minecraft. Below you can see a description of this recipe: a picture with ingredients and step-by-step instructions on how to make netherite boots in Minecraft.
Что можно сделать с помощью netherite boots в модах
Есть несколько рецептов, в которых используется netherite boots в модах Майнкрафт. Ниже вы можете посмотреть описание всех рецептов: картинки с ингредиентами и пошаговые инструкции, как использовать netherite boots в модах игры Minecraft.
Video about netherite boots
There is only one video on the site which has netherite boots in Minecraft. You can watch this video below to get a better idea of what netherite boots looks like in Minecraft.
How to enchant netherite boots
There are 10 types of enchantments that can be applied to netherite boots in Minecraft. Below you can see a detailed description of these types of enchantments that are useful to use on netherite boots in Minecraft.
Screenshots of netherite boots
There are 3 screenshots on the site, which has netherite boots in Minecraft. Below you can see these screenshots to get a better idea of what netherite boots looks like in Minecraft.
How to repair netherite boots
There are 3 ways how to repair netherite boots in Minecraft, they will to restore the durability of netherite boots in Minecraft.
If netherite boots is not enchanted, then you can combine 2 netherite bootss right in the inventory to get 1, but with a large remaining durability. If, when combining, one of the items had an enchantment, then after combining the enchantment will disappear. With this method of repair, neither experience nor additional resources are expended.
How much does the durability of an item increase when it is repaired in the inventory?
If netherite boots is enchanted, then repairs are best done on the anvil so that the enchantment is preserved or added. You can repair using netherite boots, netherite boots with enchantments, or the appropriate material that is used to craft the item.
Repairing an anvil requires experience and additional resources.
You also need to take into account that when using an anvil, its durability is lost. Therefore, it is better to combine netherite boots and the enchanted netherite boots or book at once.
And do not forget that each new repair on the anvil will cost more and more experience. Therefore, it is better to combine enchanted items right away.
How to reduce the amount of experience that is required on the anvil?
What is the fastest way to repair an item with the Repair enchantment?
Command to get netherite boots
There is a command that allows you to get netherite boots in Minecraft. Below you can see a detailed description of this command to learn how to create netherite boots in Minecraft.
Netherite Boots can be got using a command in creative mode. This requires:
- open chat (press "T")
- write command
/give @p minecraft:netherite_boots
- press "ENTER"
You can also specify the number and who netherite boots will be given:
/give @p minecraft:netherite_boots 10
/give MinecraftMax minecraft:netherite_boots


When Mother Teresa used her Nobel Prize money to fund services for the poor, she was exhibiting "self-interest," but not selfishness. Like virtually everyone else, she used her property to achieve an end she valued, but which benefited others as well, writes Gary Galles.
This audio Mises Daily is narrated by Robert Hale.
Note: The views expressed on Mises.org are not necessarily those of the Mises Institute.
Gary M. Galles is a Professor of Economics at Pepperdine University and an adjunct scholar at the Ludwig von Mises Institute. He is also a research fellow at the Independent Institute, a member of the Foundation for Economic Education faculty network, and a member of the Heartland Institute Board of Policy Advisors.


Rabbits are a great option for a new family pet. They are generally very friendly and calm and make good additions to most households.
Rabbits are prey species in the wild and unfortunately this means they can be a little bit skittish. This means they prefer a quiet and calm environment. When picked up, it is very important to stabilize their hind limbs to make sure they don’t get scared and kick their legs backwards. This can cause severe problems to their backs. In the same regard, they are very stoic and tend to hide sickness until they are very ill. This means they have to be very closely monitored to insure that they aren’t developing any health concerns.
The best way to do this is to make sure they are eating and drinking normally and have also had a bi-annual veterinary exam. During this exam we evaluate their eyes, teeth, heart/lungs, abdomen and hind end and make sure we do not find anything that may indicate a problem in the future.
Rabbits constantly eat and defecate and this keeps their cecum working properly. Their cecum is a large out-pouching of the intestines where all the food they eat is churning and nutrients being extracted. If your rabbit stops eating, this can shut down the cecum’s normal activity; causing bloat and ileus (loss of normal peristalsis) and should be evaluated immediately. Some of the most common causes include dental disease and vestibular disease.
Watching your bunny for signs of a head tilt is also important. Rabbits commonly experience inner ear and other balance related problems that should be treated immediately if noted.
Diet is an important component of health. We recommend free choice timothy hay, fresh dark leafy greens and a small amount of timothy-based pellets daily. Other vegetables should be reserved as treats. If you have concerns regarding diet or appetite, this can be thoroughly discussed at a wellness visit.
At night, rabbits produce cecotropes which are special droppings that are high in nutrients and they will actually eat them. If they aren’t properly consumed they may resemble abnormal stools and rabbits will not eat them once awake. If you have concerns regarding what is normal, we are happy to discuss this with you.
Besides diet, allowing rabbits to roam in a large safe area of your house is a good idea as long as there are no electrical cords or other dangers. Keeping them confined to a cage can cause many health related concerns. We also do not recommend housing rabbits outside due to the large amount of ecto-parasites and exposure related concerns that we commonly see.
If you have any husbandry or health related concerns, please schedule a consultation and we will be happy to meet you and your bunny!
Author: Dr. Edward Aller


Understanding Historical and Contemporary Trauma in African American Communities: Navigating Supports so Elders Thrive
During the pandemic and civil unrest, older adults may be particularly vulnerable to re-traumatization as they re-experience a previous traumatic event, either consciously or unconsciously, as the result of a current racially bias event. This trauma may be the result of triggering historical knowledge of systemic racism and/or the cumulative toll of daily microaggressions and lived experiences of discrimination in one’s community.
These projects are affiliated with, and/or sponsored by, the Minnesota Northstar GWEP. Please see the resources of these outstanding partners and projects:
The University of Minnesota Geriatric Case Competition is a unique opportunity for graduate and undergraduate students from multiple disciplines and schools at the University of Minnesota to come together as a team to develop a comprehensive, interprofessional plan of care for an older adult. The Interprofessional Geriatric Case Competition is being sponsored by the Minnesota Northstar Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP).
Since Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia are especially challenging when caring for older adults, the Minnesota Northstar GWEP has several programs targeting these complex conditions. Through education “roadshows,” conferences, community speaking engagements, and radio spots, we are reaching out to people in all corners of our state with dementia information and support. Programs include:


US adults added 1 more hour to their daily digital time during the pandemic and spent over 3 hours per day using their smartphones for the first time in 2020, according to eMarketer.
Last year, US adults spent an average of 7 hours and 50 minutes a day in digital media consumption with a 15% increase from 2019 when the average digital time stood at 6 hours and 49 minutes. This accounted for 57.5% of the average daily media time in 2020 and is expected to surpass 60% in 2022.
“Time spent with almost all digital devices experienced an uptick in 2020,” said Zach Goldner, eMarketer forecasting analyst at Insider Intelligence. “Connected TVs and video game consoles are the main beneficiaries of the cord-cutting trend due to increases in the number of subscription OTT and ad-free video-on-demand users and content offerings.”
According to eMarketer’s data, in 2020, social network time hit 1 hour 5 minutes (56 mins in 2019), digital video time hit 2 hours 13 minutes (1:46 in 2019) and digital audio time surpassed 1 hour 29 minutes (1:22 in 2019) in the United States.
Smartphone time also broke a new record with US adults spending over 3 hours (3:13) using their mobile phones per day. The average was 2:45 in 2019.
According to Goldner; the increase in digital consumption will continue in 2021. “Desktop/laptop time will return to negative growth this year, but smartphone time will more than make up the difference,’’ he said.


- When have things been unfair in your life?
- What do you think fairness means?
- Do you know the difference between equity and equality?
- In the real world, is there anything that is unfair?
- The person reading the activity will read aloud different scenarios.
- As a group, you will all talk about how the story made you feel, and try and find out why that story might have been unfair, or what parts were fair.
- After this, you will read a definition of two words (the meaning of the word). One of these words will be 'Equity' and one of these words is 'Equality'. Talk about which one you think is better, and why?
- Were you surprised by some of the situations that were considered fair or unfair?
- Can fair mean different things to different people?
- What are some ways to make sure things are fair in Scouting, in school, and in other places we go to?
- How can you make sure you are helping make things fair?
Remember to submit your activities on our Scouts for Sustainability Take Action Map
- Example scenarios about unfair situations
- Katie always gets to be "it" first when you play a game.
- Your older sister gets to stay up later than you.
- Your younger brother got an iPad for his birthday but you didn't.
- Your friend brings a new toy to Cubs but won't let you play with it.
- The same Lodge or Lair always gets to decide the night's game.
- You ask your friend to stand beside you in the circle at Beavers.
- Your friend lets you cut in front of them at the water fountain.
- Kenneth asks if he can teach your Patrol a new knot.
- Or any other scenarios you can imagine!
Keep it Simple
- Focus more on Scouting related examples to keep it simple. This will help identify the ideas more clearly.
Take it Further
- Expand the activity by bringing in real life examples from around the world, where youth will get to hear about what actually was decided, and it can be discussed whether that was fair or unfair. As well, talking more in depth about equity and equality can expand the activity.


Installation of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems can require meticulous attention to detail and precise coordination with multiple trades. On the Froedtert and the Medical College of Wisconsin Center for Advanced Care Levels 9–12 vertical expansion project in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, the team utilized lessons-learned from the construction of the original facility to build on innovative ways to increase efficiency, ensure quality, create a safer work environment during prefabrication/installation, and expedite installation of MEP systems. The result are enhanced racking systems that include substantial electrical controls, fire protection benefits, and a 3.5’ increase in width to incorporate walls.
A strong collaboration between Mortenson and J.F. Ahern, Faith Technologies, Olympic Companies and CannonDesign made this truly innovative prefabrication effort possible. Prefabricated racking systems create schedule and cost savings, created efficiencies, improved lean practices, and ensure safety. The racks will expedite installation by eight weeks and save 1,000 man-hours on the project. Three separate floors with 16 racks each store items from multiple trades, such as HVAC, plumbing, fire protection, electrical conduit, cable trays and metal studs.


A charming place where tradition meets a glorious wine loving heritage. Salento, thanks to its wine producing culture, has become over the years one of the most well-known, important and appreciated Italian and European wine selling regions. The culture of wine has changed in the same way that successive generations differ and develop.
Ionis selects the best grapes from partner vineyards, an area of 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres) together they decide the best time for harvesting each variety.
After a careful vinification, they select wines that offer the best chemical and physical balance to make sure that they have a long-lasting quality of wine before they refine and bottle their produce.
The selected wines are made from grapes that are native to the Salento region, Verdeca, Primitivo IGT and DOC, Negroamaro, Salice Salentino DOC and Malvasia Nera. They also produce some international wines
such as Chardonnay.


Lisa Waup - Journeyed
14 February - 8 May
By taking the gallery to the roadside, Billboards responds to the new ways audiences experience art in the public space. Mixed-cultural First Peoples multidisciplinary artist Lisa Waup’s work Journeyed presents a detailed and visual account of a journey. Using large scale screen-prints of disassembled road signs, the artwork considers the motifs of travel, and questions government jurisdiction on the unceded land of this country. Journeyed spans space and time, navigating the dead ends, closed roads and prohibited zones that road signs denote. Through her appropriation of federally mandated signage, Waup reimagines the ways in which journeys are remembered, and by whose authority we travel through Country. The fragmented visual language of the work offers multiple readings, able to spark curiosity at first glance as well as offering locals and regularly passers-by an opportunity for deeper engagement. Indeed, this is a work that rewards many views, the depths of the layered media becoming clearer as they can be decoded.
This Mornington Peninsula Regional Gallery iteration of Billboards is the first of three in a project that sees First Nations artists partnered with regional galleries to produce a series of roadside billboards across regional Victoria.
‘Journeyed’ is a Mornington Peninsula Regional Gallery exhibition presented in partnership with NETS Victoria, curated by Jenna Rain Warwick. This project has been supported by the Victorian Government through Creative Victoria.
A special thanks to Spacecraft Studio for all their support.
Image: Lisa Waup, Journeyed 2021, Digital image, Courtesy of the artist


We celebrate our blessings with Jesus, but sometimes we forget to celebrate His presence, His light, shining when all else is dark. Then it’s not “There but for the grace of God go I” but “Here, with the grace of God, I go.”
The Biblical revelation is about awakening, not accomplishing. You cannot get there, you can only be there, but the foundational Being-in-God, for some reason, is too hard to believe, and too good to be true for most people. Only the humble will usually believe it and receive it, because it affirms more about God than it does about us. Proud people are not attracted to such explanations.
Here is what St. Bonaventure tells us about God: “By God’s power, presence, and essence, God is the One whose center is everywhere and whose circumference is nowhere. God exists uncircumscribed in everything.” In other words, it’s all sacred. You can find God everywhere. You don’t have to go to monasteries. As Francis of Assisi said, “The whole world is our cloister.”
Bonaventure goes on to say, “God is, therefore, all inclusive. God is the essence of everything. God is most perfect and…
View original post 134 more words


- For the Jim Henson television show, see Dinosaurs
|Produced by||Genius Entertainment|
Sesame Street: Dinosaurs! is a 2008 Sesame Street direct-to-video special.
Elmo, Telly and Abby Cadabby discover what would happen if they became dinosaurs. The production features the "Dinosaurs" episode of Elmo's World, an excerpt from the street story of Episode 4113 and the clay animation song "If Elmo Had a Dinosaur" edited in among the original story. "Journey to Ernie: Dinosaurs" is included as a bonus feature on the DVD.
Beginning on May 3rd 2008, Kidtoon Films gave the production a limited theatrical release throughout the month as a weekend matinee. The film played at over 70 theaters across the United States.
- Starring The Muppets of Sesame Street:
- Segment Muppet Performers:
- Executive Producer: Carol-Lynn Parente
- Co-Executive Producer: Kevin Clash
- Coordinating Producer: April Chadderdon
- Home Video Senior Producer: Melissa Dino
- Line Producer: Stephanie Longardo
- Producer: Benjamin Lehmann
- Directed by Joey Mazzarino
- Written by Joey Mazzarino
- Music Director: Loren Toolajian
- "Do the Dinosaur" Song by Mark Radice
- Music by Loren Toolajian
- Senior Muppet Consultant: Kevin Clash
- Assistant Muppet Captain: Matt Vogel
- Jim Henson's Creature Shop:
- Production Designer: Victor DiNapoli
- Associate Directors: Ken Diego, Emily Cohen
- Art Director: Bob Phillips
- Senior Graphic Designer: Mike Pantuso
- Sound Effects: Dick Maitland, C.A.S.
- Segment Writers: Annie Evans, Tony Geiss, Belinda Ward
- Segment Directors: Kevin Clash, Ken Diego, Victor DiNapoli
- Segment Producer: Misseri Studio
- Segment Composers and Lyricists: Tony Geiss, Mark Radice, Lou Berger, Judy Freudberg
- Technical Director: Tom Guadarrama
- Cameras: Frank Biondo, Jerry Cancel, Ray Hoover
- Utility: Chuck Tutino, Gordon Price, Sisse Jonassen
- Script Supervisor: Syndi Shumer
- Director of Music Operations: Danny Epstein
- DVD Production: Frank Campagna, Franco Schettino
- For Sesame Workshop: Taska Carrigan, Fay Corinotis, Alicia Durand, Ray Hammerman, Jocelyn Leong, Sharon Lyew, Mark Magner, Louis Mitchell, Kimi Sokol
- Vice President of Education and Research: Rosemarie T. Truglio, Ph.D.
- Senior Curriculum Specialist: Autumn Zitani Stefano, M.A.
- Taped at Kaufman Astoria Studios


|Showing 1 of 1||
|Object Type||Marsden Hartley Memorial Collection|
|Dimensions||1 x 2 x 1 in. (2.54 x 5.08 x 2.54 cm)|
|Credit Line||Bates College Museum of Art, Marsden Hartley Memorial Collection, Gift of Norma Berger, 1955.1.107|
Hand-modeled figurines are a hallmark of the early village cultures of Central Mexico (e.g. Tlatilco and Tlapacoya in the Valley of Mexico; Las Bocas in Puebla; San Pablo in Morelos, and Teotihuacan). This early sculptural tradition is notable for the large quantity and stylistic variety of these minute sculptures, most of which portray females. The Central Mexico corpus has been seriated into sub-groups based on figural characteristics including facial features, body forms, and adornments. The fragmentary condition of this piece makes certain identification problematic because the surviving features recall figurines from Central Mexico to the Gulf Coast (Veracruz and Tabasco states) regions; however, the features recall the Type-D category of the Valley of Mexico.
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How do I remove an ice dam?
If water is not leaking into your home, you can carefully rake the remaining snow off of your roof using a roof rake. This will reduce the amount of snow that can melt into the ice dam.
If water is coming into your home, we strongly recommend that you call an experienced roof steaming company like Details & Dixon’s to safely and quickly remove the ice dam. Learn more.
A roof steamer takes regular, cold tap water and heats it to 300 degrees. The water travels through a hose and wand to produce a thin, low-pressure column of steam that is used to cut out the ice.
Details & Dixon’s guarantees that this steam removal method will not harm your shingles, roof or gutters.
We recommend that you do NOT:
- Use a hammer or sharp tool to chop through the ice. This will damage shingles and possibly more.
- Use a home pressure washer to remove the ice. The high pressure will cause more damage and may cause the ice dam to grow.
- Use salt or other chemicals to melt the ice. This can cause more melting behind the ice dam and can damage your home and plants.
How do I prevent ice dams?
There are 3 options for preventing ice dams from forming on your roof.
First, consider adding insulation in areas that ice tends to form on your roof. This is a good solution if you have an older home or suspect that you don’t have enough insulation. You can do this yourself or hire a licensed contractor to do the work.
Second, you can remove snow using a roof rake from affected areas of your roof. Snow is the fuel that melts to form the ice. This should be done as soon as possible after each snowfall. You can do this yourself or hire an experienced company like Details & Dixon’s to do this for you. Learn more.
Third, you can install a heat cable system on your roof that is designed to create a path for water to flow from the roof, through the gutters and downspouts to reach the ground. No one in the Twin Cities has more experience than Details & Dixon’s to design and install these systems.