One approach to reducing friction loss, as well as vibrations, is to focus on an adjustment we normally call “Pinion Angle.” We tend to think of this difference in the angles between the driveshaft centerline (CL) and the pinion gear CL. A more correct term for this angle is to call it the “Working Angle” of the rear U-joint. However, to look at this relationship as being only between the pinion and the driveshaft would be a mistake. We also need to consider the working angle at the opposite end of the driveshaft, where it meets the transmission output shaft. In doing so, we will be considering the entire drivetrain angle.
Yet before we leave the topic of what we call this adjustment, let’s understand that to many drag racers, particularly those with leaf spring rear suspensions, the words “pinion angle adjustment” often relates to a tuning aspect of their suspension setup. For these guys, pinion angle is used to adjust how hard they hit the tire on a launch. This is a somewhat controversial topic. For some, the reason for paying attention to pinion angle is so that we will reduce bind in the U-joints in the driveshaft. If we follow this logic to its final conclusion, then the reason racers see a difference in ET, reaction time, or 60-foot time with different pinion angles is that incorrect pinion angle is a form of bind and having this bind is a way to remove violence from the hook. Remove the bind, or in other words have the correct pinion angle, and you’ll hit the tire harder because the suspension will move that much more freely. Such racers often monitor U-joint temperatures with the same heat gun they use to measure track temperatures. The other side of the conversation is based on the notion of harnessing the torque of the pinion gear as it climbs up the ring gear. Drag racers use this rotational force to a better effect than any other type of motorsports. In a leaf spring application, the forward half of the leaf spring is the front/rear locating device for the suspension system. Keeping in mind that this front locator is a spring; it flexes and in doing so, can permit more vertical pinion motion, which lifts the front eyelet of the leaf spring upwards. In doing this, the differential housing is forced downward. Careful racers modulate this downward thrust with some excessive amount of pinion angle that they adjust into the car by adding, or removing, wedged-shaped shims between the leaf spring and the housing tubes of the differential. They are careful because to do this they must tickle the limits of the range of motion of the U-joints. If they exceed these limits too many times, noisy, spinning, middle-of-the-car badness follows.
How much torque do we produce at the ring and pinion?
( Drive Wheel Torque ) DWT= Engine Torque X First Gear Ratio X Rear Gear Ratio X .85
We’ll consider a racecar that produces 515 foot-pounds of torque during the usual launch rpm. This is a manual-transmission car with a low gear ratio of 2.95 and a rear-gear ratio of 5.38.
Reduce friction and you also reduce bind. We see this attitude in play when we look closely at the engine position in a tubeframe racecar. Normally, to reduce frictional losses, the tubeframe chassis builder, who does not have a stock transmission tunnel to work around, can aim the crankshaft directly at the pinion CL. The crankshaft, input and output-shaft on the transmission and driveshaft are all on the same angle. In this case, the front and rear working angles are the same and we have the least amount of resistance at the U-joints.
For this conversation, we’ll take an average of these 10- to 20-percent estimates and say our car loses 15-percent of its torque from friction. That .85 factor at the end of the above formula is one way of reducing the total by 15-percent.
DWT=515 ft/lbs X 2.95 X 5.38 X .85 = 6947.53 ft/lbs
Now we know that when the pinion gear tries to rotate upward in this car, it is doing so with a force of nearly 7,000 pounds! (And we wonder why stuff back there flexes.) Scratch one up for the leaf spring guys because they can say this is the DWT force they use to wrap their springs up with and load against the chassis then beat the daylights out of their rear tires. But ladder bar racers and four-link guys can’t forget that they too, use this DWT. Ladder bar racers use it to raise the front rod end against the chassis. In four-link cars, the top bars pull and the lower bars push from this DWT.
Pinion Angle? If all we are going to do is think only about pinion angle, many racers measure this angle incorrectly. They think pinion angle is the angle of the pinion in comparison to the level ground. They place an angle finder on the yoke of the pinion and what ever that number is; they call it the pinion angle.
For cars with the stock floor still in the car, zero pinion angle is the same as the crankshaft angle.
“In a textbook approach, what people call the pinion angle is the working angle of the U-joint at the rear of the driveshaft. There is another working angle at the front of the driveshaft. That’s the one people don’t think about. They don’t realize there is a front working angle and a rear working angle and the relationship is about both working angles. We want them to be the same within a half-degree tolerance. Also, we want no more than three degrees of working angle for the U-joints on either end of the drive shaft.
If we are going to consider both front and rear working angles, then we can split the combinations of angles into two types of cars.
The first is the tubeframe car, which has the benefit of, the crank aims right at the pinion, working angles are the same, and friction is reduced. So in this case, we compare the angle of the pinion to the angle of the driveshaft, which is concentric with the transmission shafts and crankshaft.
Here’s a maintenance tip for those racers who have a tubeframe car with the crank aimed at the pinion. One of the benefits to having a very small difference in working angles is that the bearing cups in the U-joint are rotated slightly with each revolution of the driveshaft. This causes the needle bearings within the cups to roll so that a different needle bearing will receive the full impact of the torque with each turn of the driveshaft. As the working angles become closer, this rotation of the bearing cups lessens and individual needle bearings get clobbered with the force of moving the car. The tip is to periodically remove the driveshaft and manually rotate the bearing cups in the U-joints. “That’s a good idea,” Rahek said. “Grease gets backed against the needle bearings and holds them in place while they get hammered by the torque. They will form splines into the surface of the trunnions to the point of U-joint failure.”
The second type of car is one that has the stock floor in The transmission tunnel of the stock floor creates some limitations on the engine placement along with ring-and-pinion location. The crank CL can not be aimed at the pinion CL so the two shafts that will be connected by the driveshaft will be at different heights to each other.
That’s when guys get into trouble, The OEM guys have the working angles down pat for the engine/chassis combinations they sell to the general public. When a racer places a different engine in a car, he loses all that engineering that went into driveline placement. This means that racers, who upgrade to a bigger engine, need to pay close attention to the angle of that bigger motor, which probably does not have the same crank CL height location as the original, meaning the transmission will need to be relocated also; and that changes the front working angle, which no longer matches the rear working angle.
Now we’ll return to the issue of using the rear working angle as a means of planting the tires harder. Keep in mind the environment that the driveshaft is in and the job it has to do. It must smoothly transmit massive amounts of torque between two shafts that may, or may not be aligned, remembering also that the angular relationship between the two shafts constantly changes.
Launching 3500-pounds of anything is going to resist a lot of force that is trying to move it (the name of the game.) This means that the driveshaft, like most driveline components, is subjected to two loads. These are the huge amount of torque from the engine/transmission and the enormous inertia that is inherent in a 3500-pound car. To be able to transfer lots of torque, move a porky automobile and not bust into a bunch of needle bearings is a very good quality to have in a driveshaft.
Everyone who has considered the rear working angle, no matter what they call it, realizes that the angle of the pinion changes as the differential goes through its vertical travel and that it rotates up when torque arrives. The amount of upward rotation is limited by the suspension linkages. These include the leaf spring, which has a lot of pinion rotation, the commercially available ladder bar, which has less pinion rotation than the leaf spring, but more than an equal-length four-link system. When we compare the equal-length four-link system to the triangulated four-link on a Fox-bodied Mustang, where the upper bars are shorter than the lower bars, we see that the equal-length four-link has less pinion rotation.
So when we can ask ourselves what angle should our pinion shaft be, we should also identify what we compare that angle to. If we want the rear working angle to be within a half degree of the front working angle for the least amount of vibration and friction loss, then we’d like to have the pinion at nearly the same angle as the crankshaft, and consequently the transmission output shaft. This means that we can register the angle of the pinion against the angle of the crankshaft and call that “Zero Pinion Angle.”
For tubeframe cars, pinion angle is the difference between the angle of the driveshaft versus the angle of the pinion shaft.
Knowing how much our suspension linkage changes the angle of the pinion, we can lower the angle of the pinion at the yoke end by the same amount that the suspension permits the pinion to raise under acceleration.
* For leaf spring cars, the pinion CL is set between 5-7 degrees down in comparison to the crankshaft angle (keep your temperature gun handy.)
* Ladder bar cars normally run three degrees down in relation to the crank.
* ( Modern )Equal-length four-link bars run one-to-two degrees down in comparison to the crank angle.
* Unequal-length four-link cars will see as much as four-to-five degrees in relation to the crank (find a buddy with a leaf spring suspension and a temperature gun.)
How to measure Drivetrain Angles
To reduce frictional loses and vibration, we need to compare the working angle of the front U-joints versus the working angle for the rear U-joints. We want the two working angles to be within a half-degree of each other and as slight an angle as possible, less than three degrees is normally recommended in drag racing. The exception is in cars with leaf springs where the spring wrap exceeds three degrees and cars with triangulated four-links where the upper bars are shorter than the lower bars.
There are three angles that we are concerned with in our driveline. These are:
• The driveshaft angle, which is exactly what it sounds like and is the easiest to measure. This is the angle of the driveshaft, which normally spans downward from the tail of the transmission to the pinion in the differential.
• The front working angle is a comparison between the angle of the output shaft and the angle of the driveshaft. For this, we’ll need to measure the angle of the yoke at the rear of the transmission, and then compare that to the driveshaft angle.
• The rear working angle is a comparison between the angle of the pinion gear and the angle of the driveshaft. For this, we’ll need to measure the angle of the yoke at the front of the pinion, and then compare that to the driveshaft angle.
For example, let’s consider a car with the transmission angle at 3.5 degrees, driveshaft angle at 4.5 and actual pinion angle at 3 degrees, as shown below. The front working angle is 1.0 degrees, while the rear working angle is 1.5 degrees. This alignment will probably work, but is at the edge of tolerance, which is a half-degree difference between the two working angles. Both working angles are also less than three degrees, which is considered the limit of the range of motion available from the U-joints.


When engaging in various business activities, it is crucial to establish clear agreements and contracts to protect the interests of all parties involved. From non-disclosure agreements to service-level agreements, these legally binding documents ensure that everyone understands their rights and responsibilities.
Consideration for non-disclosure agreement is an essential aspect of any business relationship. This type of agreement outlines the terms and conditions under which confidential information can be shared between parties. It ensures that sensitive information remains protected from unauthorized disclosure. By including specific provisions regarding the consequences of breaching the agreement, parties can mitigate potential risks and maintain trust.
Another important agreement is the SaaS agreement definition. Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) has become increasingly popular in today’s digital landscape. This type of agreement outlines the terms and conditions for providing software applications to customers over the internet. It clarifies usage rights, support services, and any limitations or liabilities involved.
Understanding what a service-level agreement entails is crucial for businesses that rely on external vendors or service providers. This agreement sets the expectations and defines the quality and level of service to be provided. It includes metrics, such as response time, uptime, and performance standards, to ensure that the service provider meets the agreed-upon requirements.
For those in the entertainment industry, a side artist agreement is a necessary legal document to protect the rights of artists and collaborators. This agreement specifies the terms of engagement between the main artist and supporting artists or musicians, including compensation, rights to intellectual property, and potential royalties.
However, there are instances where an agreement on sharing of information may conflict with the wishes of the individual. In situations where privacy or personal preferences are at stake, striking a balance between the need for information sharing and respecting individual wishes becomes challenging. It is important to navigate these sensitive matters with empathy and ethical considerations.
The duration of a listing agreement is another crucial element in the real estate industry. This agreement establishes the length of time a property will be listed with a real estate agent or agency. It defines the obligations of both parties during the listing period and sets a timeline for marketing, showing, and selling the property.
When entering into a listing agreement, it is essential to understand what is required in a listing agreement. This document outlines the specific details of the property, such as its address, legal description, and listing price. Additionally, it includes terms related to commissions, termination clauses, and any disclosures required by law.
Operating agreements for LLCs also play a crucial role in business operations. For example, an operating agreement for LLC Georgia template establishes the rights and responsibilities of members and outlines how the company will be managed. It includes provisions regarding profit distribution, voting rights, and decision-making processes.
Furthermore, employment agreements are vital to protect the rights of both employers and employees. An employment agreement en ingles outlines the terms and conditions of employment, including job duties, compensation, benefits, and termination clauses. It ensures clarity and fairness in the employment relationship, promoting a harmonious working environment.
In the janitorial industry, understanding how to bid on janitorial contracts is essential for securing projects and building a successful business. Bidding on contracts involves estimating the cost of providing janitorial services, considering factors such as the size of the facility, frequency of cleaning, and specific client requirements. It requires thorough preparation and competitive pricing to stand out from other bidders.
In conclusion, agreements and contracts are crucial for various aspects of business and personal relationships. From protecting confidential information to outlining service expectations, these legally binding documents ensure clarity, fairness, and accountability. Understanding the specific requirements and intricacies of each agreement type is essential to navigate the complex world of business effectively.


Discover Our Regions
Lying just south of the equator, 160km north of Australia, Papua New Guinea is part of a great arc of mountains stretching from Asia, through Indonesia and into the South Pacific. With a vibrant and colourful Papua New Guinea culture, more than 600 islands and 800 indigenous languages, Papua New Guinea is made up of 4 regions with 20 provinces.
Getting to and around Papua New Guinea
As an island nation with untouched rugged terrain extending from its coastal areas to its highlands, Papua New Guinea is generally most easily navigated by air.
Papua New Guinea has one international airport in Port Moresby, Jacksons International Airport. This is the official gateway into Papua New Guinea, situated about 8km away from the main town centre of Port Moresby. The airport itself has the domestic terminal adjacently connected (500 metres apart) to the international terminal making it easy to connect to your onward flight.
Jacksons International Airport provides Duty Free Services and Shopping for departing visitors and transit lounges for passengers connecting to other international destinations.
There is a risk of Malaria in Papua New Guinea and it is recommended that visitors consult their local doctor or tropical disease clinic to commence anti-malarial preparations before departing for PNG. Certification or vaccination against yellow fever or cholera is required for travellers over one year of age travelling to certain areas in PNG.
Water quality is within World Health Organisation standards in most towns; however, bottled water is available and in rural areas it is advisable to boil water at all times.
PNG is often safe, secure and full of friendly people, however there are certain areas where it is advisable to take safety precautions.Tourism Papua New Guinea advises that all visitors travel with care and consideration for their personal security and wellbeing.
Wherever possible, PNG Tourism recommends travelling with organised Papua New Guinea tours and making all travel arrangements prior to departure with one of our preferred partners.
The National Airline of Papua New Guinea operates a modern fleet of aircraft consisting of Boeing 767 & 737 jets, Fokker 100 & 70 jets and Dash 8 aircrafts. Air Niugini has operated for 40 years providing air services to/from and within the country and have a safety record unmatched by other airlines in the country. They offer direct flights from Tokyo (Narita) once a week to Port Moresby.
For more information on Air Niugini flights go to www.airniugini.com.pg


Sanicle.us, in collaboration with CF Industries, proudly hosted the groundbreaking ‘Period Party,’ a prelude to Menstrual Hygiene Day, which raises awareness about the importance of good menstrual hygiene management.
Menstrual Hygiene Day, observed annually on May 28, aligns with the average length of a menstrual cycle of 28 days, with an average menstruation duration of five days per month. This year’s theme, “Making menstruation a normal fact of life by 2030,” as stated by Natalia Kanem, Executive Director of UNFPA, emphasizes the need to destigmatize menstruation globally.
The first day of the black Menstrual Health summit on May 26, conducted virtually, focused on highlighting the disparities faced by black women regarding menstrual health and involving men in the
conversation. Diverse speakers from various organizations, backgrounds, and ethnicities came together to share their knowledge, experiences, and perspectives on menstrual health, particularly within the black community.
“We are excited about hosting this edition as we have witnessed the potential of a cohesive community for Black Menstrual Health,” expressed Dr. Ray Owen of The Met Church. “We have found this summit to be an effective tool in keeping the community engaged, and we are glad to have collaborated with Sanicle during Martin Luther King Day and World Menstrual Hygiene Day.”
The summit featured esteemed speakers including Tosin Oni and Zaakirah Muhammad of Sanicle, Priscilla Siwela of Manevia, Hawa Diallo of the United Nations, Ogene Jude Ogbodo of Town Crier Initiative, Stephen Yinka Oguntoyinbo of Alarinka Communications, and Kolawole Elisah Akinmuyiwa of Roses Natural. These individuals shared their insights on tackling period poverty, combating exclusion in menstrual health discussions, cultural perceptions of menstruation, and religious perspectives on black women menstruating.
The discussions extended to the challenges faced by black women and girls, with tangible solutions proposed by the speakers to increase awareness of menstrual health. The summit also included a watch party featuring a pre-recorded roundtable conversation with women from Ghana, moderated by Dr. Delia Gillis of the University of Central MO, Giftologi Limited, Pamm Takyiwaa of WH Ghana, Dr. Patricia S. Richardson of Landmark Healthcare, and Erica M Daniel.
The second day, May 27, 2023, shed light on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and technology in raising public awareness of menstrual health. Nehemiah D. Frank, founder of The Black Wall Street Times, delivered the keynote speech, highlighting the need to challenge stigmas and create a more inclusive society.
Representative Amanda Swope shed light on the challenges faced by black and Native women, addressing the need for policy changes to enhance access to period products. Notably, she emphasized the critical moment when she assumed office and discovered that correctional facilities were denying female incarcerated inmates access to necessary period products.
The representative expressed her enthusiasm for Senator Jessica Garvin’s bill, which aims to combat period poverty—an often overlooked issue affecting many women in Oklahoma. The proposed legislation allocates $1 million from sales tax revenue to establish a program starting in the 2024 fiscal year. Local health departments can apply for funds from the Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH), with grants awarded based on the specific needs of the served population.
In addition, the bill introduces a refundable sales tax exemption for feminine hygiene products, including tampons, panty liners, menstrual cups, sanitary napkins, and other similar items related to feminine hygiene during the menstrual cycle. Women would be eligible for a refund of the sales tax paid on these products by providing their receipts to the Oklahoma Tax Commission for qualifying purchases made in the previous year.
Representative Swope found personal resonance with the mission of the summit, particularly in promoting father involvement. Having grown up with a single father due to her parents’ divorce, she recognized the importance of advocating for justice system reform.
Furthermore, on behalf of The Oklahoma Legislative Black Caucus, she presented the Citation of the Black Menstrual Hygiene Day, highlighting the significance of the occasion.
The women’s panel, moderated by Caragan Tillman of Tulsa Innovation Labs, featured Aiko Pickering of Monthly, Chrystvan D. Cross of PERIOD. Oklahoma City, Rose Hurd of With Love Births, and Dominique Clarke of Tulsa Remote. These multigenerational women discussed their personal experiences with menstruation, the affordability of period products, and strategies to combat the stigma surrounding menstrual health. They emphasized the importance of including both boys and girls in discussions about periods.
Chaste Inegbedion, also known as Mr. Padman, took the stage to highlight his career journey and the creation of Sanicle in the menstrual health industry. As the Chief Product Officer at Sanicle, Chaste emphasized the significance of involving men in menstrual health conversations and introduced the “Period Passport,” a self-help guide to educate fathers and daughters about menstruation.
The diverse industry-focused men’s panel, moderated by Dr. Ben Barenberg, MD, FPMRS of Optimal Health, discussed menstruation and menstrual health. Panelists included Joshua Bowers of Black Wall Street Chamber of Commerce, Juhon Irons of KIPP Schools, Darrel Frater of Visible Hands, Kyle Smith of Builders and Backers, Marquess Dennis of Tulsa Dream Center, and Claudio Nascimento of CF Industries. They explored how organizations can better support female employees during their menstrual cycles and encouraged more men to engage in menstrual health outreach.
“Claudio Nascimento of CF Industries expresses our pride in partnering with Sanicle to address the critical issue of period poverty. Through our Our Communities program, which is aligned with our Vision 2030 goal to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in our community, we aim to create a positive impact that resonates with Sanicle’s mission.” stated Mr. Nascimento.
He further added, “CF Industries firmly believes in supporting the communities where we live and work, and we demonstrate this commitment through financial donations, personal time, and a localized giving strategy that aligns with our business objectives. The topic of period poverty resonates deeply with our team, as I, as a first-generation graduate from a humble background in Rio, have personally experienced the transformative power of support. I am grateful for the unwavering support of my mother, my high school sweetheart, and most notably, my sister, who selflessly donated her kidney to save my life. These experiences have fueled my passion for breaking taboos and fostering open discussions about these challenges. I wholeheartedly encourage men to be exemplars of change and contribute to meaningful progress in this area.”
Justin Harlan, Managing Director at Tulsa Remote, extends warm congratulations to Chaste, a valued member of Tulsa Remote, and co-founder Roxanne for their exceptional contributions to the Tulsa community since their relocation. Their dedication and efforts in hosting the first-ever Black Menstrual Health Summit in Tulsa have been instrumental in promoting awareness and addressing important issues surrounding menstrual health. Dr. Harlan commends their commitment to fostering positive change and their valuable impact on the community. Their contributions are truly commendable and have made a lasting difference in Tulsa.
The summit fostered a remarkable environment for learning and networking, expanding the community of like-minded individuals committed to addressing the challenges faced by Black women. By promoting open conversations about menstrual health, Sanicle aims to eliminate fear, ridicule, and stigma surrounding the topic.
“A specially-curated period menu with delectable food and drinks with an emphasis on nutritional benefits from Onifade Cookies, the vendors, and potential partners we are committed to working with going forward, like accessing Impact Investment from Visible Hands, all showing off the Menstruation Bracelet as a symbol of the menstrual cycle to help #EndPeriodStigma and celebrate women’s equality,” stated Roxanne Stewart.
Sanicle had the privilege of being featured on IG Live with two influential hosts. Pimkiepriscilla, with over 199k followers, and Cutekimani, with over 66k followers, invited Sanicle as a special guest to discuss the significance of Black Menstrual Hygiene Day. It was an engaging conversation that shed light on important menstrual health issues and fostered awareness among a wide audience.


Most finance professionals view the “13-week cash forecast” as a burden – another task to satisfy an overbearing banker. The fact that the forecast is less interesting than an analysis of an acquisition or investment doesn’t help. People often prioritize these forecasts only in desperate situations when it’s too late to correct the problem.
What are Weekly Cash Flow Predictions?
Weekly Cash Forecasts can be used to estimate a company’s cash flow over the medium term by estimating timing and amounts. Weekly intervals force companies to examine their business in greater detail. Cash inflows can be high one week if receivables have been collected well, and outflows huge the following week if rent or payroll is due. Cash flow reports broken down weekly can capture granular information that is otherwise missed when using quarterly or annual intervals. Why not make a daily forecast? It can be overkill, as it has seven times more variables than a weekly forecast. And it may not increase the accuracy of a prediction. The weekly interval is a good compromise between granularity and detail.
The industry standard for a forecasting period is 13 weeks. This is the number of weeks that make up a quarter. Ideally, a business should be able to predict how costs and revenues will change in the next 13 weeks. It will be hard to react effectively to issues of liquidity if you project only four to eight weeks out. It is important to project out far enough to allow your team to respond but not too far so that there will be no certainty.
Arguments against weekly forecasts are short-sighted.
Some of you have probably used one or more reasons for not doing the forecast.
It’s great that you did, but they were all in distress situations. Weekly cash reports are a waste because my business is in good health.
I have a small (or no) team and don’t have the time to prepare weekly cash flow reports.
“My business is doing well and I see no reason to think otherwise.”
Cash forecasting does not apply to my business because it is different from the companies you describe.
“My shareholders/lenders/parent company believes in us and has deep pockets. They will cover any shortfall in cash if there is a problem.
All of these examples are relatable but short-sighted. No matter how successful a company is, it will face tough times. We must not forget the Great Recession when blue-chip companies (e.g., Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, Lehman Brothers, Bear Stearns, etc.) were at their zenith. They were brought to their knees. Would a cash forecast for the week have prevented this disaster? Perhaps not. What I can say is that these companies did not have a clear understanding of their liquidity requirements, which would have helped to mitigate the damage. Operators need to be aware of the limit on their liquidity.
Cash is King mentality forces discipline.
Accounting tricks cannot be used to conceal underperformance. GAAP may help to cover business problems, but it’s hard to hide issues when you focus on cash. Businesses that are subject to seasonality can benefit from focusing on near- and medium-term time frames.
Improved understanding of suppliers and customers
The process of stratifying customers and suppliers can provide insights on key customers and vendors, depending on the circumstances:
A customer who is slow to pay can be called as an excuse. Instead of simply demanding payment, it can be another revenue-generating opportunity–assuming your company still wants business from this customer.
Certain suppliers may offer discounts for early payment. By managing cash flow, a business can take advantage of the discounts.
When certain vendors are flexible with their terms, a company can increase its cash flow and decrease its net working capital by stretching some of its flexible vendors.
Understanding the cost of business growth is important for businesses
Cash is often a problem for growing companies, as capital expenditures and investments in inventory must be made before the revenue generated by the growth. Understanding the near-term cash needs of a business allows it to plan and secure financing for development. This helps the company avoid financial difficulties or, even worse, failure to deliver.
The cost of capital is reduced.
Understanding liquidity allows a business to minimize the use of credit for interim payments such as rent and payroll. Other times, a business can reduce its cash on hand by investing it back into the company, paying down debt, or distributing dividends.
Communication with other departments is improved.
To properly complete the cash-flow forecast, the finance department must communicate with colleagues from sales, purchasing, accounts payable, receivables, human resources, etc. This forces finance experts to gain a better understanding of how the business operates.
When and What Types Of Businesses Are It Appropriate For?
Understanding incoming and egressing cash flow and taking the appropriate action can help to avoid financial stress in many situations. Cash forecasting is beneficial in all cases. Cash is king! I strongly believe that all companies, big or small, young and old, should use this tool. Even the weekly cash flow forecast is customizable to fit every business type.
For companies in desperate situations, this is invaluable.
In the fall of 2008, I was skeptical about its value when I received my first cash forecast. The company I worked for at the time was a distributor that provided services to companies in the construction and transportation industries. With the forecast, we could see when customers were actually coming into our shops and when money was being deposited into our account. Cash flow and business performance both improved despite the difficult economic climate. We noticed that certain buying patterns caused sales to spike on certain dates of the month (1st, 10th, and 20th). This trend was capitalized by the company, which ran promotions on those days in order to increase the average dollar per order. I became a quick believer.
We avoided disaster in another case with a service business because the cash forecast predicted that we would be out of money the next month if the banks demanded a mandatory payment. We were about to run out of cash in the next month if the bank forced a compulsory repayment. The company did more than $100 million in sales a year, but the seasonality was going to leave us with a $1,000,000 hole. The forecast helped us convince the bank to lower the amount they required for debt repayment and allow us to get through the seasonal cash crunch into more profitable times. The accurate insight into our business not only helped us avoid a financial crisis but also built our credibility when we presented our re-forecast for renegotiation of our covenant package.


FISHES: Fisherman Invested in Science, Healthy Ecosystems, and Sustainability
This program is designed to inform Northern Gulf of Mexico stakeholders about fisheries management, fisheries science, and sustainability via an electronically available book and accompanying in-person course.
Recreational and commercial fishermen in the northern Gulf of Mexico, members of the general public with an interest in fisheries management, fisheries science, and sustainability
- Learn information about the frameworks and functions of various regulatory bodies tasked with managing fisheries,
- Understand applied fisheries science concepts that collectively form the basis for fisheries management,
- Comprehend emerging ecosystem modifications and issues, and
- Become involved in fisheries management and fisheries science efforts.
Total Number of Modules or Sessions: 11
Total Number of Hours for Program Delivery: 20
- Educational Class
- Educational Video (Online or DVD)
- Group Discussion
- Numbered Extension Publication
Dr. Marcus Drymon, email@example.com


A casino is a gambling establishment that offers different types of gambling games. It is often combined with hotels, restaurants, retail shops, and cruise ships. Casinos are most famous in the United States, but they are also found in other countries and cities.
The earliest casinos were places where people could play poker and other card games with one another. Later, other games, such as roulette, blackjack, and craps, were added to the mix. In the early 21st century, many more types of games were invented, and the modern casino was born.
Casinos make money by taking a small percentage of every bet that is made. This can amount to less than two percent, but over time it adds up, especially with the millions of bets made each year. This is known as the vig or rake, and it is what makes casinos profitable.
As the casino industry grew, organized crime gangsters got in on the action. In Reno and Las Vegas, they supplied the bankrolls, took sole or partial ownership of some casinos, and even influenced the outcomes of certain games. This was done by using their vast cash resources from drug dealing, extortion, and other illegal rackets. However, federal crackdowns on mob involvement in the casinos made it unprofitable for these criminals to continue their support of these gambling operations.
Nowadays, most casinos focus on the high-stakes gamblers, who are a lucrative group for many companies. According to studies by Roper Reports and the U.S. Gaming Panel, these people are usually forty-six years old and come from households with above average incomes. They are often referred to as high rollers because they wager much more than the average player. In return, they are treated to free spectacular entertainment, luxury suites, and other inducements.


MISSION, TX – CNN: Target release 10/19/15 – With the shadow of a drug story hovering over Amazon, here is our latest Case File: ” Omicron Propxts ” the biggest case in decades in a case that could have major ramifications in the pharmacy and health care industries.
In October, five pediatric patients died at a Pittsburgh hospital after getting a fake Diprivan in pill form or by other means. As the and cause the bone marrow transplant necessary to save their lives, investigators at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC filed suit against both Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of Pennsylvania and Amazon.
According to the suit, Amazon stopped selling tablet and powder form of Diprivan over several weeks in 2017 and 2018. But because the child’s names were in the prescription record, Horizon allegedly sold the medicine in the form of capsules and powder online.
A former colleague who worked with Diprivan also filed a case against Amazon in Western Pennsylvania Federal Court in September, alleging that Amazon knowingly sold Diprivan to businesses that used children as lab rats at hospitals around the country.


“Work is about a search for daily meaning as well as daily bread, for recognition as well as cash, for astonishment rather than torpor; in short, for a sort of life, rather than a Monday-to-Friday sort of dying.” Studs Terkel
Strive for excellence in all you do. I was discussing the Real Life Recovery Program with a therapist recently. He asked me why our curriculum did not include a relapse prevention component. I responded that we do have a relapse prevention component to our program we simply do not label it such. Recovery is about being proactive in our lives. It is more than not drinking and drugging. If we focus on what we want in our lives then relapse is not an option.
The early stages of recovery requires diligence and work. We then move to a focus on living our lives one day at a time on “purpose”. The pursuit of happiness and fulfillment is our relapse prevention. Staying focused on living life on life’s terms, striving to achieve our goals within our abilities, and to maintain a spiritual balance in life.
Focus, Forgive and Fulfill,
Go. Go. Go…


A service for writing essays that is reliable can create an account that sets the due dates for both writers and universities. If the due date for an essay is on 12th of the month, then the author gets three days to https://happyunionbaptistchurch.com/privacy-policy/ go through the work and revise any errors. Any changes made will be provided to you in order that it is possible to ask for any. It is important to know the length of time it will take your writer to write your essay. This should allow you to make any needed changes before the date of submission.
Essays can be composed in your course of study.
The process of writing an essay comes with many benefits. Writing essays stimulates inquiry and also allows students to examine different examples and arguments for a better understanding. Students are encouraged to be more independent and fosters the pursuit of knowledge. These are important qualities to succeed. They can also utilize their writing abilities to help in different settings. To learn more about the benefits of writing an essay take a look at the reasons to consider its significance.
It is crucial to fully comprehend the purpose of an assignment so that you can help students write essays. When writing essays, students must consider their reader. The students should think about whether the intention behind the essay is to present an opinion, to educate readers, or communicate an idea. A written essay must be considered an element of learning. An essay is essential for all educational projects. Get help from an essay writer if you are feeling overwhelmed.
The initial step is to select a subject. Although the majority of students http://bigactivemedia.com.bd/2022/05/01/how-to-write-a-good-college-essay/ are given an essay topic, more students can choose choosing a topic. Be sure to select an appropriate topic for the paper you’re creating. For an overview, general topics work well. However, for papers that are more in-depth and specific, they’re better suitable for research. You should also decide whether you’d prefer to concentrate on the topic of an overall outline or study a specific subject.
Once you have defined the issue, you will be able to formulate a thesis statement. You can also design a headline for the essay. The opening paragraphs introduce the topic. The next sentence should be in agreement with or counter to the introduction assertion. The thesis should be stated in the conclusion paragraph. The body must contain information and argumentation on the subject. The body of the essay is https://ec2-52-66-203-107.ap-south-1.compute.amazonaws.com/write-my-paper-cheap-how-to-find-cheap-writers-online/ where you present your arguments that you made in your introduction.
The time between summer and senior year is a great time for students to start writing essays. This time is free from any other commitments, and there’s ample time to complete multiple drafts. If you’re looking to make decisions early and act the deadline for college applications tend to be in November. Common Application Common Application is available to review the essay requirements for every college on their website. The Common Application is accepted by over 9000 schools. If you’re still writing your essay, it is ideal to complete it one week prior to the due date.
They must think about various ways of improving their writing abilities for essays. Students must consider the different viewers and goals for their essay. It https://podcase.org/2022/05/05/how-to-make-your-essay-longer-2/ is important to plan their essay thoroughly. This involves the brainstorming of ideas, and then deciding the goal of the essay. The students should draft several drafts following brainstorming and plan. While drafts are essential but revision is vital, and provides an opportunity to alter the content.
It requires creativity and technical writing skills
Essay writing requires both the ability to write creatively and technically. To attract attention from the readers, technical writing might comprise creative or graphic writing. Creative writing demands a strong spelling and grammar skills, audience analysis skills, and project planning. This kind of writing demands a great deal of organisation. The best essay writing services must http://www.onreechhotel.com/2022/05/02/is-it-ethical-to-pay-someone-else-to-write-my-paper-2/ provide 24 hours online chat as well as email service to their clients. Additionally, they can provide personalized essays with reasonable rates.
Technical writers need to be able to comprehend the level of knowledge of their audience before they write their essays. The level of understanding of a father putting together his baby’s crib or of a doctor studying a research report about medicine is very different. Thus, the writer should modify the tone, vocabulary and framing so that it meets the reader at their current stage of comprehension. Technical writing enhances the creativity of writing by providing relevant information to be included in setting.
The technique of technical writing allows the writer to communicate complex concepts and techniques in a clear form. This type of writing is suitable for many professions like computer science, robotics, aerospace, and chemistry. Although it is not a formal term the type of writing combines the creative and technical components of writing. This style of writing is intended to relay information to an audience with common understanding.
Hooks are the most common way for creative writers to start essays. A hook interrupts the chronology of the piece by providing compelling images or prompting a topic. Writers should try to strike a chord with the reader from the very beginning. A solid opening is crucial in this regard. Beginning with the introduction, the reader is likely to develop an opinion on the essay. The hook is what will keep the reader interested enough to want to go through the whole essay.
Essays should always be written keeping your reader in mind. While an essay must be entertaining and informative but it shouldn’t be dry or boring. A well-written essay must contain many details and description. This is a great tool for showcasing your talent as a writer. The reader must to comprehend your ideas and sense your enthusiasm. Your essay could be rejected if the audience doesn’t seem to be engaged.
Creative writing and technical writing are two distinct skills they are both essential to the writing of an essay. Technical writing focuses on concepts and facts while creative writing focuses on imagination and emotionality. Writing for technical purposes, on the opposite, is more focused on education and information. In both cases the result will be exactly the same. A student has to be able to grasp the basics of both fields.


The International Cultures Committee is excited to “travel” with you to Czechia in April as part of the Holmes Cultural Passport Program.
Fun Facts About Czechia
1. The largest ancient castle in the world is the Prague Castle.
2. Czechia has the highest castle-density in the world (with more than 2000!)
3. Mushroom hunting is a very popular pastime of the Czechs
- The Virtual Cooking Club will be on Friday, April 23rd from 5-6pm, hosted by our chef duo Jill and Petr Marousek, who will teach us to make Czech Breaded Pork Cutlet and Czech potato salad. This event is open to all Holmes school families. No pre-registration needed (the Zoom link will be sent the day before the event).
- Our adults-only International Book Club will be meeting on Wednesday, May 5th from 7:30-8:30pm. To join, please email Aparna at firstname.lastname@example.org
Please click here to learn more about April’s offerings including the ingredient list and background on our chef duo! Also, please share photos of your participation in these events with Sary at email@example.com so they can be shared on Holmes social media.


|Landscapes of facilitation: how self-organized patchiness of aquatic macrophytes promotes diversity in streams
Cornacchia, L.; van de Koppel, J.; van der Wal, D.; Wharton, G.; Puijalon, S.; Bouma, T.J. (2018). Landscapes of facilitation: how self-organized patchiness of aquatic macrophytes promotes diversity in streams. Ecology 99(4): 832-847. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2177
In: Ecology. Ecological Society of America: Brooklyn, NY. ISSN 0012-9658; e-ISSN 1939-9170, meer
Callitriche platycarpa; habitat diversity; patchiness; positive interactions; spatial patterns; spatial self-organization; species coexistence; stream macrophytes.
- Cornacchia, L., meer
- van de Koppel, J., meer
- van der Wal, D., meer
- Wharton, G.
- Puijalon, S.
- Bouma, T.J., meer
Spatial heterogeneity plays a crucial role in the coexistence of species. Despite recognition of the importance of self‐organization in creating environmental heterogeneity in otherwise uniform landscapes, the effects of such self‐organized pattern formation in promoting coexistence through facilitation are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of pattern formation on species interactions and community spatial structure in ecosystems with limited underlying environmental heterogeneity, using self‐organized patchiness of the aquatic macrophyte Callitriche platycarpa in streams as a model system. Our theoretical model predicted that pattern formation in aquatic vegetation – due to feedback interactions between plant growth, water flow and sedimentation processes – could promote species coexistence, by creating heterogeneous flow conditions inside and around the plant patches. The spatial plant patterns predicted by our model agreed with field observations at the reach scale in naturally vegetated rivers, where we found a significant spatial aggregation of two macrophyte species around C. platycarpa. Field transplantation experiments showed that C. platycarpa had a positive effect on the growth of both beneficiary species, and the intensity of this facilitative effect was correlated with the heterogeneous hydrodynamic conditions created within and around C. platycarpa patches. Our results emphasize the importance of self‐organized patchiness in promoting species coexistence by creating a landscape of facilitation, where new niches and facilitative effects arise in different locations. Understanding the interplay between competition and facilitation is therefore essential for successful management of biodiversity in many ecosystems.


In the past, the cleaning industry in India was not so vibrant. Due to poor services and the least use of machines and equipment in the cleaning of offices or residences, the company had almost lost its sheen until it started regaining its lost credibility after 2010. But now the economic experts in India are seeing the cleaning industry as one of the businesses with better prospects of growth in the coming years. Some of the Major Reasons for the Growth of Office Cleaning Service in India are as Follows:
1. The reasons include the increase in the double income households and a major increase in the income per household in India.
2. As the population of the country increases and a growth in the number of the empty nest households the growth of the cleaning industry looks obvious now in the country. The double income families which juggle with young children and hundreds of other responsibilities hardly find time or energy to keep their house or office clean.
3. On the other hand, the cleaning services in the country provide services to people at very less prices. For a double income family, the cost of the cleaning services per week will be negligible. Moreover, the double income families in India see housekeeping services as the luxury more than a necessity.
4. The disposable income per family across the country in 2017 is now at an all-time high. Due to some visible cons of the availing the maid services, even the average income families have now shifted to the housekeeping services in Metropolitan cities of India
5. Moreover, the flexibility offered by the cleaning services in India is one more reason why the trust of the people is gradually building over this industry. You can opt for a normal cleaning service for your office or go for a deeper cleaning service. We offer you cleaning services for deep sanitizing sofas, chairs and other furniture.
6. In your office, the desks carpets, pantry, floor and appliance are the focus of attention and hence need regular cleaning. The cleaning services offer you cleaning services from cleaning floors to the deep sanitization of the washrooms and the pantry.
7. The cleaning industry in India can be categorized into office cleaning services, residential cleaning.
8. In the past, the cleaning industry in India was not so vibrant. Due to poor services and the least use of machines and equipment in the cleaning of offices or residences, the company had almost lost its sheen until it started regaining its lost credibility after 2010 and particularly 2015.
9. The flexibility in the laws has made it easier to start a successful cleaning company in India. And the relatively low capital investment, low level of market share and the extreme demand for the cleaning services in the country has given a new life to the cleaning industry in India.
10. The majority of the income of the cleaning companies in India comes from the retail and commercial sectors along with health care. The other major sources of their income are the household services.
Advantages of Opting Office Cleaning Service in Kolkata
1. It Relieves Stress When you opt for office cleaning services, it creates a neat and organized kind of atmosphere that limits distractions and you are able to concentrate more on your work, not on your clutter.
2. Reflects Your Personality The neat and tidy workplace reflects your personality and you look like an organizer Genius. It portrays a better image of you as a boss in the office and you appear pulled-together and productive otherwise disorganized and sloppy.
3. Increase Efficiency The need and tidy workplace increase efficiency and limit distractions. The cluttered desk will always pull your mind off from your task. When your workplace looks organized, it becomes easier for you to focus on your work. You will have space available to keep things rather than pushing mess aside to carve space out of your water bottle.
4. Prevents health problems The untidy office causes many health problems to your staff. They often suffer from health issues like a stomach bug, vomiting and allergy.
5. Ensures Safety Of Employees The neat and tidy Office doesn’t only mean having a fresh and sparkling building; it also means to ensure the safety of employees. The safety of employees is in their best health. The work space injuries due to clutter and messy office can prove a great loss to your business.
Backed by our expertise in this domain, we are involved in providing a range of Factory Cleaning Service in Kolkata and other parts of West Bengal to our customers in diverse industrial domains. These Factory Cleaning Services are delivered to the clients by employing latest techniques and methodologies. All the personnel involved in delivering the cleaning services are trained and skilled to perform the task diligently and with precision. Apart from this, we deliver these services within the promised time period. We use only the best quality chemicals and equipment to carry out the cleaning process. We have a staff of well-disciplined , trustful and experienced employees to deliver services. We ensure that the factory processes are not hampered while we carry out the cleaning services, causing zero inconvenience to the workers of the factory. We are punctual and plan to ensure that work finishes on time. We offer customized solutions-weekly, monthly and yearly contracts are available at affordable prices.


“Magic and Myths Unite Europe”, has taken off with gusto over the last few weeks.
The project website, www.magicandmythsuniteeurope.weebly.com was launched. Here you will find about information about each partner school. Activities undertaken already and those to be undertaken in the future are listed. A vast array of photographs taken in Le Chéile and our partner schools show how our project is taking shape. Check it out and be kept informed of project life around Europe!
Many classes have written their first letters to the new penpals. Some classes have even received replies! All penpals will be school based with letters being exchanged school to school.
Aidan’s fifth class made a video to show what life in Le Chéile is like! Children took it in pairs to record and present. This video was presented to our partner schools during the first project meeting in Turkey. It was a fantastic piece of work and credit must go to all the children involved. Well done Aidan’s class!
All children were invited to take part in a logo competition, which would see their logo potentially representing the project not just in Ireland, but across Europe.
To be kept up to date with all Erasmus+ events in Le Chéile, please visit our project website- www.magicandmythsuniteeurope.weebly.com
To see all Posts related to the Erasmus+ Project click here:


One of the most trusted method of testing to truly determine an individual is DNA testing. This is especially true when one wishes to develop the identification of a moms and dad. These days most examinations of DNA are lawfully binding so the test results can be made use of in a court of law whether to establish a DNA paternity or to convict a felon. The price of DNA testing varies depending on which laboratory does the work. It additionally relies on the dimension of the example and its condition. Oh yes how the examination results will certainly be used is also shown in the cost. Analysis starts at around 200 and also increases. But results for a DNA paternity examination usually begin around 500 and increase.
DNA testing can range from an extremely affordable rate to inflated rates that are out of this world. That is why it pays to look around and get the very best price. Naturally the simpler the test the more affordable the rates and also the harder the test and the even more analysis the extra it is most likely to set you back. It can run right into the thousands. That is especially true if records are called for. The sort of evaluation that is done will certainly also be reflected in the cost of testing DNA. In the case of a normal paternity DNA examination a person would likely spend around 200. If that test required to be made use of in a court of legislation where a lot more comprehensive evaluation and reporting was needed you would generally be looking at around 600.
DNA testing is usually not covered by insurance provider however some do cover the lower valued basic screening so you will certainly require to speak with your insurance provider to see if the expense of testing DNA is covered and if so what percentage and to what quantity. Most trustworthy way of recognizing an individual whether as a parent or as a felon is with DNA testing and in almost every circumstances it is legitimately binding. The cost of NOVAGEN will additionally differ from one lab to the following. In some situations it pays to shop about. There are likewise free screening of DNA kits readily available online then you simply ship back and pay the charge for processing the laboratory work. Often this is less expensive than various other laboratories in some cases it works out the same so make certain that you contrast alternatives and also search like you would for any type of other surface area.


The British Intelligence Agency recently said the latest weapon of Al Qaeda is to use female suicide bombers with explosive breast implants, thus making it impossible to detect at security check-points.
While British agencies are finding it difficult to deal with this new technique, Indian agencies say that they are aware of the new technique. It was in fact started by the Jaish-e-Mohammad. However they had used this technique in men where bombs were planted inside the human body. This was quickly picked up the Lashkar-e-Tayiba.
Indian agencies say that it was the Lashkar which was first to start using women in its organisation.
The IB says that there is a difference, however, in the manner in which Lashkar and Al Qaeda use women for terror. While the Al Qaeda is clear that women would be used as bombers, the Lashkar uses them as foot soldiers and recruiters. However of late, the Lashkar, too, has been mooting various ideas to use women as suicide bombers. Finding a women suicide bomber is not a big deal for the outfits.
The Lashkar has also used women to circulate fake currency and as recruiters. The Lashkar has managed to convince outfits such as the SIMI and the Indian Mujahideen to follow suit. The SIMI, which opened up a wing called as the Shaheen Force to educate children, was soon converted into an all-woman force. The role given to the women was to recruit children into the outfit.
The IB says that in future, women will play a much bigger role in terror attacks.
The British Intelligence MI5 had stated that the Al Qaeda has a dedicated set of doctors to implant the explosives. They have been doing it with so much expertise that once the bomb is implanted it would be virtually impossible to detect.
Indian agencies say that detecting such a bomb will be extremely difficult unless there are sophisticated X-ray machines in place.
This new technique would not, however, be used in major explosions. It has been specifically made for airline bombings.
The quantity of the substance will be extremely low since it needs to be implanted in the body and also not be detected. Experts say that the explosion on an aircraft would be sufficient to damage the aircraft to such an extent that it would crash.


The main objective of the project was to help countries make their PA networks more resilient to the impacts of climate change, by:
1. Developing innovative science-based tools for assessing the vulnerability of PAs to climate change;
2. Designing adaptation strategies to strengthen the resilience of PAs;
3. Building capacity in the region for applying the tools and implementing the strategies; and
4. Creating a platform for further field implementation following transboundary pilot site activities.


Photo Credit - CDC/ Frederick Murphy. This colorized negative stained transmission electron micrograph (TEM), captured by F.A. Murphy in 1968, depicts a Marburg virus virion, which had been grown in an environment of tissue culture cells. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and non-human primates. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic (that is, animal-borne) RNA virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led to the creation of this virus family. The four species of Ebola virus are the only other known members of the filovirus family. See PHIL 7219 for a black and white version of this image.
After an incubation period of 5-10 days, the onset of the disease is sudden and is marked by fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. Around the fifth day after the onset of symptoms, a maculopapular rash, most prominent on the trunk (chest, back, stomach), may occur. Nausea, vomiting, chest pain, a sore throat, abdominal pain, and diarrhea then may appear. Symptoms become increasingly severe and may include jaundice, inflammation of the pancreas, severe weight loss, delirium, shock, liver failure, and multi-organ dysfunction. Because many of the signs and symptoms of Marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other infectious diseases, such as malaria or typhoid fever, diagnosis of the disease can be difficult, especially if only a single case is involved..


Layout is as important as the science itself - keep it simple.
Exceptional layouts, graphical details, or interactive parts should enhance the understanding of the results.
Challenge your layout by involving your colleagues, e.g. print a version and hang it in the hallway to get feedback.
Not all information can be visualized in exactly the same way. Something compelling on A4 does not automatically work on A0 and vice versa.
Your genuine enthusiasm in presenting your research and your ability to explain the results is very important, but respect that some audiences just want to read the poster and not engage in a long discussion.
Check out these websites for further instructions and inspiration: Designing conference posters and Better posters.
Posters can be in portrait format only. Posters in landscape format will not be exhibited. The dimensions of the poster should be maximum A0 size (84.1 x 118.9cm). Fittings will be provided.
Read the detailed poster guidelines.
Poster session at ICES ASC 2015 in Copenhagen.


Help: Password SecurityWhen you login, most browsers will give you the option to save your password so future login is easier. Normally, this site scrambles your password before sending it over the Internet, so that it's never sent in clear-text form. But for some browsers, like Apple's Safari, this scrambling disables the ability to save your password. You can check the "allow browser to remember password" box to force the browser to remember your password correctly. Doing this is less secure, but you should only have to do it once.


Many in the United States have failed to see the urgency of the Islamic State because it seemed focused on the Middle East and thus a good candidate – whether you’re coming from the left or libertarian right – for non-intervention. But the attacks in Paris and San Bernardino have disabused us of the notion that the Islamic State isn’t afraid to punch above its weight and take on Europe and the United States. At Politico Magazine, Harleen Gambhir writes:
ISIL’s global strategy should come as no surprise. In fact, ISIL has pursued an international expansion campaign from the moment it declared its “caliphate” in June 2014. While the group solidifies its proto-state in parts of Iraq and Syria, it also is expanding its would-be caliphate regionally – and preparing for the apocalyptic war it desires with the West.
To expedite that, the Islamic State is “fostering affiliates in Muslim-majority areas and directing and inspiring terror attacks in the wider world,” including “Egypt, Libya, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Russia and Nigeria,” and, in the future, Bangaladesh, Tunisia, and Somalia. Mergers and acquisitions, in other words!
(Breaking for an incipient panic attack as we briefly contemplate the Islamic State taking over the world.)
Kruse writes that, “Its growth strategy is sophisticated and systematic” – wait for it – “much like a multinational corporation expanding by acquisition.”
Rather than build affiliates from the ground up, ISIL co-opts and changes existing militant groups or networks, some of which have splintered from Al Qaeda. Potential affiliates must consolidate factions, select a leader and present a military plan to ISIL’s leadership for approval, according to ISIL’s own standards.
Also, like a multinational, the Islamic State performing due diligence.
ISIL then chooses whether to establish a wilayat, or province, in the affiliate’s operating area. ISIL’s leaders help these affiliates to become more brutal and effective by exporting military training and expertise. ISIL calls for international recruits to reinforce its strongest partners; it also provides military training and funding to some affiliates.
The irony of the Islamic State’s resemblance to a multinational corporation is almost too delicious. But, it plans ahead, unlike multinationals (seem to, at any rate).
ISIL’s most dangerous affiliates are those that give the group strategic resilience: They’re strong enough that they could help the group survive even if the group were to be wiped out in its home territory of Syria and Iraq.


The Students’ Association exists for the purpose of ensuring that Mount Royal University students have an opportunity to participate in all matters that may affect the quality of student life at the University.
The representation responsibilities associated with this mandate are critical. SAMRU ensures that all students are well represented on dozens of academic and non-academic committees and boards on and off campus and to all levels of government.
Council of Alberta University Students
SAMRU partners with other student organizations to represent students’ interests municipally, provincially and federally. SAMRU is a member of the Council of Alberta University Students (CAUS), which advocates for students on post-secondary issues such as tuition fees and university funding. As the provincial government is largely responsible for the post-secondary sector, CAUS is the primary avenue for effecting change for our university.
Canadian Alliance of Students’ Associations
The Canadian Alliance of Students’ Associations (CASA) is the federal group in which SAMRU holds membership. It advocates on national issues of accessibility, affordability, innovation and quality.
SAMRU student representatives lobby to make a positive difference for students, dealing with issues like tuition and loan policies across Alberta and Canada or academic and non-academic issues and mental health initiatives on your very own campus


Origin: Wild caught, Canada & USA – FAO21
Size: 500g- 1kg
Ingredients: Skate Wings
Skates are members of the shark family that have pectoral fins. They eat mainly crustaceans and other invertebrates. It is rare in NA to encounter skate on a dinner plate, it is served in areas like New England that have a strong fishing and seafood tradition. In Asia, it is considered a delicacy.
Skate is Harvested the year round, with a peak of catching during the summer.
Skin-on wing sections. Skinless wing sections
Skate flesh is quite mild, but slightly more gelatinous than that of regular fish. It cooks very quickly and if overcooked breaks up along the corrugations.
Strictly inspected, size graded and Ammonia tested


Here Comes Santa Claus was inspired by a Christmas parade.
In 1946, the original singing cowboy, Gene Autry, was riding Champion, his horse, down Hollywood Boulevard in the annual Christmas parade.
He was placed just a few spots ahead of Santa Claus. He noticed that no one was paying any attention to him. They were all shouting, “Here Comes Santa Claus!”
In the summer of 1947, Art Satherly suggested that Autry record the Christmas song, An Old Fashioned Christmas. They needed a song for the B-side of the album, and Autry remembered the idea he had at the Christmas parade. Autry was inspired to write the song. Oakley Haldeman set the lyrics to music.
The demo was recorded by Johnny Boyd, who had Art Satherly standing beside him as he recorded. The ice from Satherly’s drink was captured on the recording and sounded like jingle bells. This inspired the use of real jingle bells when Autry recorded the song.
Autry recorded and released the song in 1947, and it became an instant classic, selling two million copies in the first release.


Given that Florida is known for its heat and humidity, many are often surprised to find that the state has its own hail season. March to July is the season for hail in Florida, with the peak of the season occurring in May. Cold air from the north clashes with the warm breath from the Gulf of Mexico, sharing the stage for operatic thunderstorms that develop into hail. It is the south-central portion of the United States that receives the highest amount of hailstorm damage each year. Knowing the patterns of hailstorm can help mitigate hailstorm risks, which is important particularly if you are an apartment manager.
How to Prepare Apartment Buildings for Hailstorms
While you cannot prevent a hailstorm, there is much that you can do in preparation to mitigate the damage that can occur before and after an event. Much of these preparations have to do with roofs, which can be prepped to be more hail-resistant.
- Keep roofs clean. Regular roof maintenance puts you ahead of the game. Regularly clear your roof of debris, dirt and other items to promote better drainage and resist water ponding.
- Impact-related skylights. Ordinary skylights are not best equipped to handle intense hailstorms. Opt instead for skylights with hail ratings that show that they can better withstand hail.
- Protect your HVAC equipment. A bulk of HVAC equipment is located on rooftops, so it is recommended that you ensure that this equipment will be able to withstand hail impact. We also recommend installing hail shields, guards and wire mesh protection.
- Get the right solar panels. Solar panels are in the direct range of hail, so it is best to ensure that the solar panels placed on your roofs are able to withstand them.
- Post-storm inspections. Following a hailstorm, it is recommended that you conduct a comprehensive roof inspection. Assess for and repair damages immediately to prevent them developing into more significant costlier issues.
Minimizing Hailstorm Risks and Liabilities
It is ideal for apartment owners to communicate clearly with their tenants regarding hailstorms. This includes making sure that your tenants are aware of what should be done before, during and after severe storms. Hailstorms can incur property damages, and keeping your tenants safe helps you reduce liability. Conduct drills with your tenants and prepare a checklist with handy information and guiding instructions; take the time to ensure that your tenants are familiar with it prior to each storm season. It would also be helpful to keep copies of these documents where your tenants can easily see them.
Some items on the checklist can include:
- Preparing a weather safety kit that includes items such as flashlights, medical supplies, batteries, nonperishable food and hydration.
- A list of emergency contacts and phone numbers
- Emergency exits and storm protocols.
- Staying away from windows and keeping shutters closed.
Dealing with Hail Damages Claims
As with any natural disaster, hailstorms can strike quickly. If you are facing the aftermath of a hailstorm, you may be wondering about dealing with hail damages claims. If you are having trouble with a claim or have been denied one, contact us today. We are here to help you claim what is rightfully yours.


Do you think on your own polygamous? Polyandrous? Polyamorous? If you ask me, the word “polygamy” has been quick – one person being in a romance having numerous anyone else. Turns out the notion of “polygamy” is more nuanced. It may be split up according to who is with who and in what way.
Kind of poly
Polygamy – a type of wedding in which a person away from often intercourse keeps several partner meanwhile (increased exposure of the word ‘y. Inside West regions, polygamy with all of the divisions isn’t prominent. On the other hand, it is widely practiced in a lot of areas of Africa. It is reasonably judge within the asian countries and Middle east.
Polygyny – Merriam-Webster defines polygyny as the that have one or more partner otherwise ladies partner meanwhile. It will not say far towards fundamental topic of these a love – the person who has actually these spouses. The newest LGBTA Wiki, but not, determine that in case off polygyny, it is men who has multiple wives.
Polyamory – staying in multiple romantic matchmaking immediately. The brand new matchmaking is going to be emotional, intimate, otherwise romantic. Remember that brand new parties can be familiar with each other. Though they don’t relate genuinely to one other people away from its lover, they should have knowledge of the life. If they don’t, such as for example an ordeal might possibly be noticed an open matchmaking otherwise ordinary cheating.
Unlock matchmaking – a committed couples who’ve concurred they can have sex with other people plus don’t always have share with per other information regarding their “extra” partners.
Then there’s together with “swinging” and you will “mate exchanging” that also be lined up less than an enthusiastic umbrella label away from “consensual nonmonogamy”. It’s possible to argue that polygamy is even polyamory, exactly what throughout the loveless marriages? I’m able to exit one on how best to wonder upon. Let us just agree that the new website name are complex in reality.
Dating into the Dutch aka twarrel, scharrel, kwarrel, prela, and rela
Possibly I’ve resided living when you look at the a weird method, but have never dated multiple people at the same time. I’ve had several members of the family and, at some point, I have build a liking to 1 ones. That it, consequently, has evolved to the a romantic relationship with that people, nevertheless moment such as for instance liking happens, relationship anyone else has been from the dining table.
For this reason, I became quite astonished as i been aware of new relationship society regarding the Netherlands. Dutchies are loose with their dating games. It is common to blow long relationships, often investigating numerous prospective relationship at a time. Basically polyamory!
Good twarrel identifies a man you connect having immediately after inside a blue moonlight. You scarcely learn one another. A beneficial twarrel cannot meet your mother and father. If you start connecting with greater regularity and you will speaking of the thoughts, your own relationship are upgraded to help you scharrel.
A scharrel is basically a fuck friend – anyone you butt phone call when you need getting informal intercourse. The relationship is fairly irregular, low, and noncommital. Merely a couple having a good time. It probably is inspired by the brand new verb “scharrelen” and thus “so you can scrape upwards” otherwise “rummage using sth”. “Scharrelkip” makes reference to 100 % free-variety chicken and “scharreleieren” for the egg instance good hen provides, therefore i wanna think of it as perhaps not getting all the the eggs in one container. Basically, keeping the options open.
A great kwarrel is regarded as a beneficial “quality scharrel”. It is just in short supply of in love. You love both, has significant discussions, hook up multiple times a week, and you will become personal if you wish to, but it’s maybe not sensed like.
A beneficial prela was an abbreviation to have pre-relationship, as soon as before you could y part-of-glance at, you’ll be mostly personal along with your prela. The thing is one another usually, thought you are in love, and discuss a future with her. Good prela you can present on the moms and dads.
Between a good prela and a rela a keen ignorela will be defined – a turn down relationships. We all know you fall in together, however you have not really had “the fresh new speak” yet ,. Something is actually for yes – relationships or making love which have anybody else was frowned-upon within that it stage.
Good rela ‘s the ultimate quantity of the new Dutch relationship video game – the relationship. You love both, perhaps real time together with her, inhale with her, generate a lifestyle together with her. If for example the mothers haven’t fulfilled the rela yet ,, you do something wrong! You are demonstrably intended for each other and certainly will alive happily ever before immediately after.
- Scharrel (a loosely discussed relationship)
- Kwarrel (kwaliteits scharrel, which have potential)
- Twarrel (twijfel scharrel, having doubts)
- Barrel (a bad vehicles)
- Varrel (vacation scharrel)
- Larrel (long distance scharrel)
- Mischarrel (high school scharrel)
- Prela (pre relationship)
- Rela (early dating)


we provide innovative solutions for health-screening and snoring prevention for people around the globe. any abnormal enlargement can be harmful, starting from the size of specific organs, finishing with being overweight. snoring isn’t as simple as one may consider, and the variety of its causes only supports this fact. how are tonsils and snoring connected? tonsils are located at the back of your throat. snoring can hit anyone. enlarged tonsils and child snoring are very common. the function of those glands is to fight infections, and that’s extremely important during the first years of our life. enlarged tonsils and snoring can happen to adults as well.
the noise created by snoring develops due to vibrations of the soft tissue in our throat. narrowed space for airflow contributes to louder noise and even breathing pauses (that can later flow into a disorder, sleep apnea). does taking out tonsils stop snoring? but let’s recall that the function of tonsils or adenoids in our body diminishes with age. plus, there is an amazing statistic that nearly 79% of children who overcame tonsillectomy (part- or full tonsil removing surgery) experienced relief of snoring. as you can see, there is a direct connection between enlarged tonsils and snoring. in case you’re snoring isn’t caused by tonsils, you can download a snore recorder app goodsomina lab and figure out the possible reason for your snore directly at home. get a personal mobile tool for sleep recording and snore analysis. get a personal mobile tool for sleep recording and snore analysis.
the medical terms for these enlarged areas of tissue are “tonsil hypertrophy” and “adenoid hypertrophy. it is also important not to confuse enlarged tonsils with tonsillitis (an inflammation of the tonsils). pauses in breathing during sleep, on the other hand, are mainly caused by enlarged palatine tonsils. and the severity of symptoms isn’t always related to the size of the affected tonsils or adenoids. these problems are often caused by enlarged tonsils or adenoids in children, particularly between the ages of 3 and 6 years.
he or she then looks at the child’s throat to see how big their tonsils are and how narrow their airways have become as a result. it is also important to rule out other possible causes of the symptoms, such as allergies or a jaw misalignment. but this step is often not taken in people with enlarged adenoids or tonsils because it involves a lot of time and effort, and there are only limited appointments. if both the adenoids and the tonsils are enlarged, they can be (partially) removed in one operation. the suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. you can find a detailed description of how our health information is produced and updated in our methods.
enlarged tonsils and adenoids are a common cause of snoring and sleep disruption in children. the tonsils are clusters of lymphoid tissue in the back of the enlarged tonsils cause snoring snoring can hit anyone. however, some factors can make you more vulnerable. those include sex, age, enlarged adenoids or tonsils don’t cause any problems in many children. about 7% of all children snore all the time, and about 2% have nighttime, .
enlarged tonsils and adenoids are a common cause of snoring and sleep disruption in children. the tonsils are clusters of lymphoid tissue in the back of the throat while the adenoids are a similar mound of tissue in the back of the nose. when snoring is linked to enlarged tonsils or adenoids, surgery may be recommended to remove them. removing the tonsils or adenoids is a relatively straightforward procedure and it can be very effective at treating snoring. enlarged tonsils caused by tonsillitis can cause snoring and sleep apnea or worsen current sleep disorders worse. tonsillitis is especially if a child snores, is surgery the answer? surgeons often remove tonsils and adenoids in children to help treat snoring and mild sleep- tonsils when are enlarged, while sleeping, blocks or blocks the airway entirely, can fall into the back of the throat. tonsils become the cause, .
When you try to get related information on tonsils and snoring, you may look for related areas. tonsil removal for snoring,enlarged tonsils and snoring child,swollen tonsils from snoring,lingual tonsils snoring,tonsils and snoring in adults,tonsil snoring remedies .


Melanoma may be the deadliest type of epidermis cancer and comes with an incidence that’s growing faster than every other great tumor. dacarbazine in 675 sufferers with studies Up to now, numerous studies have got investigated mixed targeted therapy and immunotherapy in melanoma. The very first report recommending that oncogenic BRAFV600E can result in tumoral immune system escape was released in 200633. Further research have already been performed following the advancement of particular BRAF inhibitors, and BRAF inhibition in BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines and clean tumor digests continues to be demonstrated to bring about up legislation (as much as 100-collapse) of melanoma differentiation antigens34. Additionally, inhibition with BRAF and MEK inhibitors elevated the recognition of the melanoma antigens by antigen-specific T lymphocytes. Nevertheless, MEK inhibitors adversely have an effect on the T cell function whereas those treated with BRAF inhibitors preserved efficiency34. Further unbiased studies on the consequences of dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor), trametinib (MEK inhibitor), or their mixture on T lymphocytes also have proven that trametinib by itself or in mixture suppressed T-lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine GSK1059615 creation, and antigen-specific extension, whereas treatment with dabrafenib acquired no impact35. Callahan and research Importantly, the result of BRAF inhibition in addition has been examined in sufferers with metastatic melanoma. Outcomes showed an identical upsurge in melanoma differentiation antigens and a substantial upsurge in intratumoral Compact disc8+ T cells, that have been even more clonal 10-14 times after initiation of BRAF inhibition37-39. These results were also connected with down governed IL-6, IL-8, IL-1 and vascular endothelial development aspect (VEGF)38,40,41. The elevated immunomodulatory substances, PD-1 and PD-L1, 10-14 times after BRAF inhibition initiation will also be important, which condition suggests a potential immune-based system of level of resistance38. The up controlled PD-L1 expression might have been due to infiltrating GSK1059615 IFN–secreting T cells42, although stromal parts can also be included43. Jiang cytotoxic activity and intratumoral cytokine secretion from the moved T cells. Oddly enough, BRAF inhibition didn’t alter adoptively moved T cell development, distribution, or intratumoral denseness45. Liu and function is definitely beneficial. Aggregate data claim that BRAF inhibitor treatment is definitely associated with improved melanoma antigens, improved Compact disc8 T cell infiltrate, and reduced immunosuppressive cytokines and VEGF early Mouse monoclonal to FOXD3 throughout therapy (within 14 days of initiating treatment in individuals)38,40,41. Nevertheless, a simultaneous upsurge in immunomodulatory substances was also discovered, which may donate to therapy level of resistance. Adding BRAF-targeted therapy to a variety of treatment modalities could improve reactions (Number 1), and these mixtures are currently becoming examined in murine versions and medical trials. Open up in another window Number 1 Putative ramifications of adding BRAF targeted therapy to immune-based therapies. With no treatment, melanomas demonstrate an immunosuppressive environment with generally low degrees of melanoma antigens, low degrees of infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and high degrees of immunosuppressive cytokines and VEGF (A). Treatment having a BRAF inhibitor leads to a good tumor microenvironment with an increase of antigens and Compact disc8+ T cells and reduced immunosuppressive cytokines and VEGF, but with concurrent upsurge in immunomodulatory substances, such as for example PD-1 on T cells and PD-L1, within the tumor microenvironment (B). BRAF-targeted therapy may synergize with different treatment modalities, which phenomenon has been examined in murine versions and in medical trials. Proof for synergy is present with immune system checkpoint blockade (C), due to the fact the BRAF inhibitor addition offers positive effects within the tumor microenvironment (with an increase of antigens, Compact disc8+ T cells, and reduced immunosuppressive cytokines/VEGF) and that the simultaneous upsurge in immunomodulatory substances is definitely tempered by immune system checkpoint blockade (D). The synergy includes mixed treatment with IL2 (E), where the addition of BRAF-targeted therapy may augment the antitumor immune system response by its beneficial results within the tumor microenvironment (F). However, regulatory T cells with this setting could be questionable. Adoptive cell therapy functions through former mate vivo activation of autologous antigen-reactive T cells (G), which behavior could be improved by the good ramifications of BRAF-targeted therapy within the tumor microenvironment (H). Rays therapy has very clear results within the tumor microenvironment with results on both tumor cells and antitumor immunity (I), which might be augmented with the addition of BRAF-targeted therapy (J). Current and ongoing medical trials of mixed targeted and immunotherapy Translating the ideas derived from earlier studies has captivated much interest for software in GSK1059615 patient treatment setting. Nevertheless, GSK1059615 data on.


Ecuadorians Vote to Stop Petroecuador’s Oil Drilling in Yasuni National Park
Yasuni National Park in the Amazon rainforest of Ecuador, one of the most biodiverse areas of the planet, is home to the Huaorani, Tagaeri and Taromenane Indigenous peoples. It has been exploited for oil by companies like Shell and Petroecuador for over 50 years. In September 2023, after 10 years of activism, the people of Ecuador voted to halt oil drilling forever.
“Finally, we are going to kick oil companies out of our territory! This is a major victory for all Indigenous peoples, for the animals, the plants, the spirits of the forest and our climate!” – Nemonte Nenquimo, Indigenous Waorani leader
Oil extraction first began in Ecuador’s Amazon in 1972. Drilling concessions were granted to oil companies such as Shell and Texaco (now Chevron). In 2010 Ecuador began the process of nationalization of the petroleum industry and handed oil concessions to state-owned Petroecuador. Today Petroecuador extracts 57,000 of oil barrels a day from the Yasuni National Park.
Yasuni ITT Initiative
In 2007, president Rafael Correa launched the “Yasuni ITT” initiative seeking to keep over a billion barrels of oil in the ground in the Ishpingo, Tiputini and Tambococha (ITT) oil fields of Yasuni National Park, if the international community was willing to pay US$3.6 billion. Unfortunately, six years later, with just $336 million pledged, the plan was shelved.
In 2013, YASunidos – a group of youth activists in Ecuador – together with the Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador (CONAIE) and other organizations started collecting signatures for a national referendum to keep oil in the ground in Yasuni. They gathered 757,623 signatures in the span of 5 months, more than the 580,000 required by law.
Unfortunately, the National Electoral Council arbitrarily annulled over 60 percent of the signatures gathered. After a decade of court battles by YASunidos, the Constitutional Court of Ecuador ruled that the Ecuadorian state violated the rights of participation of its citizens, on May 10, 2023, allowing the referendum to go ahead.
“There should never have been oil exploitation in Yasuní. Oil exploitation in Yasuní should always have been prohibited, not only because the people there live in isolation but because it’s a protected area.” – Pedro Bermeo, YASunidos spokesperson
On August 20, 2023, Ecuador’s citizens went to the polls to vote on the initiative. Over 5.2 million people voted in favor (58 percent of those who voted), giving Petroecuador 12 months to stop operations in the ITT zone and banning the government from signing any new oil exploration contracts.
“Petroecuador will coordinate all pertinent actions, together with the other State institutions involved, to fully comply with the sovereign decision of the Ecuadorian people in Block 43 ITT.” – Petroecuador press release
This is #61 in our series of Instagram infographics on resistance against corporate power.
Click here to see the full post on Instagram.
📸 1/10 Nemonte Nenquimo at oil spill near Shushufindi, Ecuador. Photo: Sophie Pinchetti/Amazon Frontlines ©
2/10 Omanka Enquiri, Waorani traditional leader (“Pikenani”) speaks during a press conference outside the headquarters of the Ministry of Energy and Non-Renewable Resources in the city of Quito. Photo: Amazon Frontlines ©
4/10 Petroecuador petrol station on the Pan-American Highway, Ecuador. Photo: Bernard Gagnon
5/10 Jaime Vargas, President of national indigenous organization CONAIE, marches alongside Waorani women including Waorani leader and lead plaintiff Nemonte Nenquimo and Omanka Enquiri, Waorani traditional leader (“Pikenani”). Photo: Amazon Frontlines ©
6/10 Young Kichwa leaders join in the Waorani people’s mobilization in the city of Quito. Photo: Amazon Frontlines ©
7/10 The Waorani people spearhead a mass mobilization in the city of Quito to demand the government to respect the court’s decision and indigenous rights. Photo: Amazon Frontlines ©
9/10 Kofan leaders from the small community of Sinangoe, which won a landmark ruling against gold mining last year, join in the Waorani people’s mobilization. Photo: Amazon Frontlines ©


Beaverhead County High School has had a strong Athletic Training program for many years. Alysa Brown is the high school’s trainer; she provides support to athletes in many sports programs. Taping, icing, and stretching are just the beginning. Each injured athlete is put on a rehab plan to get back to their sport safely as quickly as possible. Dr. Downey helps Alysa make diagnoses and establish treatment plans for injured athletes. Dr. Downey also attends or arranges for another physician to attend every BCHS home football game. In addition, injury prevention training is taught to athletes.


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Moreover, Calibre supports bookmarks and also allows you to download covers for your e-books as well as news from various online sources that you can view in a digital book format.
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One can use this application to manage and read e-books and also to make quick conversions between various book formats.