Every person is unique, and autism impacts differently on every child, parent and family. All parents and caregivers of children on the autism spectrum will experience a unique set of challenges. Research shows that many parents develop resilience and experience various positive aspects of parenting a child with autism, however research also reveals that many parents of children on the autism spectrum have:
- high levels of parenting stress,
- low self-reported quality of life
- high levels of depression, anxiety, anger and fatigue 1 2
What can I do?
Resilience is the ability to adapt in spite of stress and adversity. When parents develop resilience this benefits both themselves and their children. There are a number of factors which foster resilience in parents of children with autism.
Autism Tasmania can provide:
- information on services which offer counselling and respite,
- opportunities to meet other parents/carers of young people with autism
- Free parent/carer information sessions on a range of topics
Stress Reduction Strategies
Even a brisk 30 minute walk activity stimulates various brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier and more relaxed. 3
Other ways to reduce stress can include:
- Get a good night’s sleep. Don’t drink coffee or tea in the evening and explore ways to wind down before bed. Some people find avoiding using the computer or watching television but instead listening to music, taking a relaxing bath or reading can help.
- Talk to friends about how you feel. Autism Tasmania offers several Peer Support Groups throughout Tasmania and information about these can be obtained by contacting member of the Autism Information Team.
- Practicing mindfulness techniques – especially in combination with evidence based approaches such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy – Carers Tasmania have qualified counsellors trained in delivering MiCBT (Mindfulness integrated with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy)
- It may also help to talk with a professional counsellor. Carers’ Tasmania offer short-term counselling for carers and their families, or you may like to utilise Medicare’s “Better Access to Mental Health” Care Plan to access psychological support services – available via your GP.
Bitsika, V., Sharpley, C., & Bell, R. (2013). The buffering effect of resilience upon stress, anxiety and depression in parents of a child with an autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 25, 533-543↩
Neff, K. & Faso, D. (2015). Self-compassion and well-being in parents of children with autism. Mindfulness, 6, 938-947↩
The Mayo Clinic (2014), Exercise: 7 benefits of regular physical activity, Mayo Clinic accessed 22 September 2015 http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20048389↩


Pay attention to, and inquire into, the nature of your own
immediate experience. Become the Witness, or Observer,
of your own experience.
Investigate the "Given Conditions" of being human,
"I am -- Aware -- Now":
the sense of identity, or being, at the center of
your own experience which manifests as "I am."
the Awareness through which you perceive
everything within and around you.
the immediacy and Infinity of Now.
These three basic conditions of being human are profound
pointers to our True Nature. We simply overlook them in
our rush to identify ourselves with "outward" conditions,
i.e., a body, memory, personality and the illusion of time.
Simply paying attention -- looking at and remembering these
basic, essential conditions -- is enough, for they are the vehicle
through which we experience, and Recognize, the vast and
Infinite nature of Reality.
Awareness and Consciousness
©1997-2000, Metta Zetty
All Rights Reserved.


Calculators help parents and children learn about healthy eating
- Healthy Eating Calculator
Find out how many calories to eat each day and how much of the different food groups are needed to provide those calories for a healthy diet for ages 2 to 20 years. (Uses Adobe® Flash®)
- Kids' Body Mass Index Calculator
Use this calculator to determine whether a child is at a healthy weight for his/her height, age and gender.
- Adult Energy Needs and Body Mass Index Calculator
Knowing your body's daily calorie needs can be an important first step in adopting a realistic diet and physical activity plan that can help you attain and maintain a healthy weight.


~Written by Julia Dweck
~Illustrated by Patrica Saco
| || |
In The Hare with the Pearl Earring Julie Dweck uses an unique approach to teach children about famous artists and the masterpieces they created. Her interactive ebook combines a fictional story with factual information to make learning enticing.
Henny, the hare, is given the extraordinary opportunity of modeling for several famous artists like Vincent Van Crow, Picatso, Dove Vinci and others. Each artist paints a fantastic portrait of Henny in their own unique style with the hopes of being named the best artist in the town. Henny, loves all the portraits, but one holds a special place in her heart. All the artists create sensational pieces making choosing just one a difficult task. Find out who is named "Best Artist" and which piece of art Henny likes most.
Patricia Saco is very talented and does an exquisite job illustrating the story and creates a masterpiece of her own.
The ebook also features icons which redirect readers to the real artists represented by the characters in the story. Readers have the chance to learn facts about the artist as well as see a piece of artwork created by them.
With art becoming scarce in many schools across the country The Hare with the Pearl Earring is an effective tool parents can use to help children experience art in an entertaining way.
I really enjoyed The Hare with the Pearl Earring and highly recommend reading it.
The version with interactive icons is available at www.amazon.com. The interactive read aloud is only available on iTunes.


Far too many children educated outside mainstream schools are failed by the system. Our Head of Strategy Stephen Muers looks at a new report that highlights social investment could be part of the solution
The Centre for Social Justice (CSJ) has just published its report “Providing the Alternative”. It issues a clear call for a drive to improve education for children who are excluded from mainstream schools. Many of these children go into what is known as “alternative provision” (AP) – specialist centres for those whose needs cannot be accommodated in the mainstream. The overall outcomes for children in AP are shocking: in 2015/16 only 1.1% of them achieved 5+ GCSEs at A*-C including Maths and English.
Some AP centres deliver an outstanding service. However in many parts of the country there are simply not enough good AP places. For example, the CSJ report shows that there are no AP places rated “outstanding” by Ofsted in the North East of England. In some parts of the country over a third are rated either “requires improvement” or “inadequate”. There is a need to establish more high quality AP for the children in these areas.
The Department for Education (DfE) could simply use grant funding to pay for new places, which it has done successfully in the past. However this leaves the taxpayer carrying the risk of paying for new provision that doesn’t deliver a good service, and requires up-front capital. To cover this risk the DfE will, naturally, tend to specify in detail what it wants. Such specification in turn cuts down the scope for innovation and learning.
The CSJ report proposes another option, an AP Improvement Investment Fund. This would be a partnership with the third sector and social investors. DfE would make a long-term commitment to pay a set sum per AP pupil in the areas where new AP is needed, crucially tying this payment to meeting a pre-agreed outcome standard. Social investors would put money into the Fund to back third sector providers who were able to create such provision, giving those providers a stable financial position and the scope to innovate. By transferring risk to investors, central government would have less need to manage inputs tightly and specify the detail of how new provision would work.
This proposal is a good example of a different way to create new public service institutions. Government would focus on the outcomes it wants to promote and make a long term commitment to pay for them. Many outcome-based contracts so far have been short-term, and do not give the scale and stability needed to build whole new service delivery institutions.
Long-term commitments can challenge governments because public spending is only planned a few years ahead. However they are not impossible. Local authorities often commit to contracts of 15 years or more for waste facilities. If we can manage this for treating waste, why not for treating the most vulnerable children?
We at Big Society Capital believe that social investment can help unlock opportunities for the third sector to work in long-term partnership with government. If you’re keen to discuss the CSJ’s proposals around AP, or other similar opportunities, please get in touch with me at:


Robert GillmorOrnithology and painting have been Robert Gillmor's principal interests since boyhood and he is now considered one of the foremost bird artists of his generation.
His work has appeared in over 100 books, and he has held exhibitions in the UK, USA and Kenya. He is a founder member of the Society of Wildlife Artists and, having served as its first Secretary, then Chairman, is now its President.
Robert Gillmor is always seeking fresh inspiration in the field as he believes in studying birds in their natural environment. His sketches made throughout the world provide the basis for his paintings and illustrations in many media. Many of his pictures have been used by the RSPB, BTO, The Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust and other organisations.


COMMON QUESTIONS ABOUT POST-PARTUM DEPRESSION & MENOPAUSE
- Am I clinically depressed or could my moodiness be caused by depression?
- My life is in transition – I’m stressed out at work, my kids are gone and I don’t care about sex. My friends think it’s from menopause. Could they be right?
- My wife and I just had our first baby. Instead of feeling happy she’s miserable. It’s been very difficult for both of us. How do we know if it’s post-partum depression?
What the experts say: Post-Partum Depression and Menopause
Hormonal fluctuations can caused by mood and body disturbances from adolescence through menopause. Some women are more sensitive to these fluctuations than others. Research shows that some depression may be caused by an imbalance of chemicals in the body.
ABOUT POST-PARTUM DEPRESSION
Following child birth the severe drop in certain hormones can cause temporary depression or anxiety termed “post-partum depression.” In the past this was treated as a purely emotional problem. Now it’s recognized that in some women, effective treatment for a hormonal imbalance, can be treated both medically and psychologically. The media has raised awareness of the potential dangers of letting post-partum depression go untreated. It is imperative that if you suspect you are experiencing symptoms of PPD that you immediately seek a professional evaluation. PPD is treatable and the enormous weight of depression and helplessness can be significantly improved.
Menopausal symptoms can be identical to clinical depression and the diagnosis is often confused. If the symptoms have never existed before and if your life-stressors are relatively normal, there is a greater likelihood that this is being caused by hormonal changes and you must see a professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment recommendations.
Peri-menopause is that period of time when the body is approaching menopause and can last up to ten years. The menstrual period becomes irregular as the hormone levels are changing, causing some women to experience PMS-like symptoms. Menopause actually lasts one day; occuring after a woman has had no periods for 12 consecutive months. After that, a woman is considered post-menopausal.
WHAT ELSE YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT POST-PARTUM DEPRESSION & MENOPAUSE
The emotional and physical changes you are experiencing can be disturbing and cause you to feel out of control. Many girls and women have the feeling that their emotions are “all over the map” when they’re having a period, having a baby, or going through menopause. Fortunately, the hormonal changes that can cause these emotional problems are not permanent and may be easily resolved with proper professional help.
For many women menopause can bring up complicated emotional responses. In years past society did not discuss menopause and our life spans were shorter, so menopause signaled the beginning of “old age.” Times have changed. We talk about it, we know that it’s a natural passage for all women (like puberty), and that it is not a disease. Menopause is certainly not the end of life; it is only the end of a woman’s ability to conceive. In fact, many women report feeling better and more sexually healthy after menopause.
Several therapists at Birmingham Maple Clinic specialize in working with women moving through life transitions who may be experiencing feelings of depression or loss of sexual desire, related to menopause or other hormonal changes.
For more information visit the North American Menopause Society.


The picture book world is awash with stories of children who don’t want to put down their toys and go to bed. But for youngsters who don’t want playtime to end, who better to convince them to hit the hay than the toys themselves? In T.J. Hackworth’s delightful debut picture book Bedtime for Buzzy, a child is gently persuaded by each of his toys that they all need to rest.
Buzzy’s toys haven’t finished their adventures. His astronaut hasn’t finished building his moon base; his pirate hasn’t found the treasure; his dinosaur hasn’t yet “stomped through the Great Divide,” and his courageous explorer is still searching for the “City of Gold.”
At the announcement of bedtime, Buzzy answers with a loud “NO!” Then, one by one, Buzzy’s toys relate how excited they are to continue their adventures with him—but first, they need some shut-eye.
Just when Buzzy is beginning to nod off, he feels something poking him in his side. It’s “Courageous Explorer” riding his donkey and prodding Buzzy with his stick. The explorer is delighted to see Buzzy, noting that together they can find the City of Gold. “Oh, Good!” Buzzy says. “I was afraid I’d have to go to sleep, but now I can help you find the City of Gold instead!” Then the explorer makes the final case for bedtime: “We must find it in your dreams! That’s the only way. We hope you’ll help us!” And with that, Buzzy eagerly leaps into bed.
The dialogue between Buzzy and his toys artfully captures a child’s active imagination and excitement over fantasized adventures. And Sean Baptist’s illustrations do more than inform the text—they bring it alive with expressive, colorful cartoon characters. Together, the text and pictures imbue the characters with a warm, winning joie de vivre that’s impossible to resist.
In sum, Bedtime for Buzzy is sure to be a hit for young readers—as well as their grateful parents.


We all imagine tyrannosaurs, and especially the iconic Tyrannosaurus rex, the biggest and most fearsome carnivore on earth. However, there are many things about this great predator that you may not know about.
There are no more famous dinosaurs than Tyrannosaurus, a giant carnivore that roamed North America 66 million years ago. These ancient animals are often featured in popular culture, also in many children's books, everyone is familiar with big heads and small arms of tyrannosaurs. But there are many big misconceptions about this amazing animal.
We may know more about tyrannosaurs than any other group of dinosaurs because fossil evidence is abundant and the large number of studies about them - not just ordinary people, paleontologists also like tyrannosaurs. As a result, we really understand the form of this animal and how they lived and died in Mesozoic times.
They are predators and carcass eaters
There is a strong myth that tyrannosaurs are only carcasses. The odds are small, because very few carnivores can survive with their voter nature. Fossil evidence shows that both activities were carried out by tyrannosaurs.
A close look at the feeding traces of a hadrosaurus by a large tyrannosaurus. This is strong evidence that tyrannosaurs eat carcasses.
A number of fossils of herbivorous dinosaurs showed that they escaped from hungry tyrannosaurs, because tyrannosaurus teeth were found tucked in their bones. So, the animal must have survived the attack of tyrannosaurs who were about to eat them. We also have evidence of dinosaurs being bitten and eaten by tyrannosaurs after they died and their bodies partially buried - in short, tyrannosaurs eat carcasses.
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Tyrannosaurus is a cannibal
In many circumstances, Tyrannosaurus is the only large carnivore in the ecosystem, so it's easy to know who's biting it when you find a scratch on the bone, and the piece that was released from being bitten. However, tyrannosaurs not only eat herbivores, but also each other. A number of tyrannosaurus specimens, including Tyrannosaurus, show traces of food from fellow tyrannosaurs.
Daspletosaurus skulls with bite marks from battles with other tyrannosaurs and evidence that these animals were eaten after death (10cm scale).
These animals also interact with each other when they are alive and leave marks on their bones. Many specimens of tyrannosaurs have cured wounds on their skulls due to the bite of fellow tyrannosaurs.
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Not all are giants
Although Tyrannosaurus and its closest relatives include the largest terrestrial carnivores of all time - it weighs five tons or more, and is about 13 meters long - not all tyrannosaurs are giants.
Like most other dinosaur groups, early types of tyrannosaurs such as Guanlong from China were small - only two or three meters long, including tails - and they had no large heads and short arms like their descendants 100 million years later.
Three types of specimens of Tyrannosaurus from different times.
These smaller Tyrannosaurs are predators, but clearly lack bite size and strength so they look for smaller foods, and be careful not to be lunches of larger carnivores that live with them.


As we enter hunting season in Virginia, BRO is currently asking readers in our Switchback forum, “Should hunters and hikers share the same trail?” Unfortunately, as a timely coincidence, a 23-year-old girl was just killed by a hunter in Franklin County. The girl, a student at Ferrum College, was in the woods working on a science project, when she was mistaken for a deer. The hunter called 911 as soon as he realized what had happened. By bringing attention to this unfortunate incident, I am not intending to take a side on the issue. I instead bring it up as a reminder that while these different groups of outdoor enthusiasts coexist in the woods, it is important for both sides to be extremely cautious, so more tragic incidents like this do not occur.
Here are some tips for safety from the Appalachian Trail Conservancy:
Know local hunting seasons—Specific dates for hunting seasons vary year to year and also by type of game hunted and weapon used.
Wear blaze orange—Wear a blaze orange hat and vest (and pack cover if backpacking), or hooded outerwear when hiking in fall, winter and spring.
Other Clothing Tips— Avoid wearing colors that could be mistaken for game animals—white or brown during deer seasons; red or blue during turkey seasons.
Be heard—Make sure you are heard before you are seen by whistling, singing, talking, etc., while you hike.
Be alert for hikers and make your presence known to them—Many hikers are from urban or suburban areas and are unfamiliar with hunting.
Follow all hunting regulations—Hunting, possession of firearms, bows, and hunting knives are prohibited on National Park Service (NPS) lands acquired for the protection of the Appalachian National Scenic Trail. The use of off-road vehicles, including ATVs, is prohibited along the entire length of the Appalachian Trail.
Be sure of your target—On National Forest lands in 2002 and 2003, two Appalachian Trail hikers were shot by hunters who thought they were shooting at deer.


November is Native American Heritage Month, which honors the cultures and traditions of Native Americans. It’s the perfect time to share the outstanding contributions Native Americans have made and to learn more about the issues facing these communities today. Here at Bookish, we plan to celebrate by reading! (Shocking, we know.) We hope you do too. Here, we’ve rounded up some of our favorite books by Native American authors to get you started. We recommend picking these books up, not just this month but all year long.
Whereas by Layli Long Soldier
In her award-winning collection of poetry Whereas, Layli Long Soldier (who is a member of the Oglala Lakota Nation) shares important and timely insights about Native American identity and the ways in which Native Americans have been treated by the United States government.
Cynthia Leitich Smith’s young adult novel follows Louise Wolfe, who (like Smith) is a member of the Muscogee Nation, as she juggles senior year responsibilities and fights against prejudice after her school’s inclusive musical brings out an ugly side of her mostly-white high school.
In the foreword, First Nations editor Lisa Charleyboy calls this anthology “a love letter to all young Indigenous women.” This moving book collects the art, poetry, and prose of Indigenous women throughout North America and covers everything from identity to Standing Rock to social media.


Description - LEGO DC Super Heroes Visual Dictionary by Elizabeth Dowsett
Zoom into the world of LEGO DC Super Heroes with this visual guide to the minifigures, vehicles and sets, including the LEGO Batman Movie sets.
Explore every detail of LEGO Batman's Batcave, look around Wonder Woman's Invisible Jet, examine Lex Luthor's awesome mech and find out about all the LEGO DC Super Heroes minifigures' weapons and gadgets. Find out how the awesome sets are created in the Beyond the Brick chapter, which features concept art and an interview with the LEGO DC Super Heroes creative team. LEGO DC Super Heroes- The Visual Dictionary will tell you everything there is to know about LEGO DC Super Heroes.
The book comes with an exciting exclusive LEGO DC Super Heroes minifigure! Zap! Pow!
2018 The LEGO Group.
TM & DC Comics.
Buy LEGO DC Super Heroes Visual Dictionary by Elizabeth Dowsett from Australia's Online Independent Bookstore, Boomerang Books.
(305mm x 260mm x 28mm)
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
Country of Publication:
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For many patients, corneal transplants offer a way to restore vision following injury or other disease-related and congenital forms of blindness. The traditional method for this procedure is to suture natural human corneal tissue from a donor eye into a recipient eye. In some cases, however, traditional corneal transplants fail, or a patient may not be a good candidate for natural tissue transplant due to special circumstances. When natural cornea transplant is not an option, more and more physicians are recommending artificial corneas, or keratoprosthesis, to restore precious vision.
The Boston Keratoprosthesis is an"artificial cornea" that can be used in severe corneal opacity. Many people with corneal disease can be helped by regular corneal transplantation involving tissue transplanted from human donors. This is the most common treatment for severe corneal opacity; however, in some cases such transplantation rapidly fails. Thus, the Boston Keratoprothesis can be used after standard corneal transplant has failed or when such a transplant would be unlikely to succeed. The keratoprosthesis implantation is a procedure designed to help patients whose conditions are the most difficult to treat.
The Boston Keratoprosthesis has been under development since the 1960s, and has been gradually improved. It received FDA clearance in 1992. Over 1200 implantations have been performed (Spring 2007). It is the most commonly used artificial cornea in the United States and in the world.
The keratoprosthesis is made of clear plastic with excellent tissue tolerance and optical properties. It consists of three parts but when fully assembled, it has the shape of a collar-button. The device is inserted into a corneal graft, which is then sutured into the patient's cornea like in standard transplantation. If the natural lens is in place, it is also removed. Finally, a soft contact lens is applied to the surface.
Generally, indicators of patients who require the Boston Keratoprothesis include:
- Failed corneal graft, with poor prognosis for further grafting
- Vision less than 20/400 in the affected eye and additionally with lower than optimal vision in the opposite eye
- No end-stage glaucoma or retinal detachment.
Prior to surgery, a detailed history will be taken by the performing surgeon. This helps to assess the corneal condition and determine if the patient is a good candidate for the surgery.
Read here about a remarkable story of recovery of one of Dr Melki's patients.
The surgical procedure is performed on an ambulatory basis with the patient returning home - or to a hotel if the patient is coming from a distance - the same day. Most surgeries are performed with the use of local anesthesia, with the exception of infants and young children where general anesthesia may be indicated. Patients can expect to be in the operating room area for at least three hours for this procedure, including one hour and 20 minutes for surgery as well as pre-operative and recovery time.
Because of possible complications that can result after many surgical procedures, patients with keratoprosthesis require relatively frequent ophthalmologic examination in the beginning. In all cases, patients return to the Boston Eye Group the day following surgery for reevaluation, necessary prescriptions, and post-operative care instructions. Additional follow-up exams are usually during the first and second weeks after surgery. It is customary to return bimonthly for a check-up during the first year. After this time, examination by the surgeon every three to four months is also recommended.
With keratoprosthesis, best possible vision is restored quickly and patients often achieve optimum visual levels within a few weeks after the surgery. Because the prosthesis is made of synthetic materials that never totally become incorporated into the body, prophylactic antibiotic drops must be used indefinitely. Thus, a life-long regimen of daily drops of antibiotics is prescribed to prevent infection. In addition, medications to control inflammation and/or glaucoma are used when necessary. Also, during the early months following surgery, a protective shield is worn while patients sleep at night. For long-term postoperative safety it is recommended that the patient continuously wear a therapeutic soft contact lens (not felt by patient).
Risks and Discomforts
For patients with severe dryness or inflamation, keratoprosthesis can give excellent results but is more risky. In some instances a membrane can develop behind the keratoprosthesis and interfere with vision. This membrane can be opened using a tiny laser beam without requiring additional surgery. Rarely, tissue around the stem of the prosthetic device dissolves which can lead to the leakage of fluid from the eye leading to infection or even vision loss. In such instances the surgery may have to be repeated.
In most cases, the cost of Keratoprosthesis is covered by major U.S. medical insurance plans. You should contact them prior to scheduling surgery to check. For patients who do not have insurance coverage, including foreign patients, please consult your surgical coordinator at the Boston Eye Group to discuss this matter.


Flashcards in Histology Deck (52):
What is pseudostratified columnar epithelia?
Single layer of cells of differing heights
What is transitional epithelia?
Where the basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and the apical cells are squamous or dome-like
What is mesothelium?
Simple squamous epithelia which lines closed body cavities
What are exocrine glands?
Ducted glands which secrete substances onto epithelium
What are endocrine glands?
Duct-less glands which secrete substances directly into the blood
What is a serosa?
Complex tissue which lines closed body cavities and consists of epithelia and underlying connective tissue
How many microns are there in a millimeter?
What are all connective tissue cells derived from?
Name the 5 types of connective tissue
Fibrocollagenous, cartilage, blood, bone, fat (adipose)
How is fibrocollagenous tissue classified?
By quantity of collagen fibres, type of collagen fibre, and organisation of collagen fibres
Describe loose/areolar fibrocollagenous connective tissue
Relatively little type I collagen (in random directions), some type III collagen, some elastic fibres, has fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages and some white blood cells
Describe dense irregular fibrocollagenous connective tissue
Abundance of collagen type I (in random directions), some elastic fibres, fibroblast is main cell, provides ability to withstand tension in many directions
Describe dense regular fibrocollagenous connective tissue
Abundance of collagen type I (in one direction only), few elastic fibres, mainly fibroblasts, found in tendons and most ligaments, withstands great tensile strength if force applied in one direction
Describe reticular fibrocollagenous connective tissue
Fine meshwork of collagen type III, loose ground substance, soft internal skeleton formed by fibres (stroma), mainly found in lymphoid organs
Describe white adipose connective tissue
Main adult fat store, insulates, shock absorber, made of unilocular adipocytes (lipids fuses into one big droplet)
Describe brown adipose connective tissue
Involved in thermoregulation in neonates, multilocular adipocytes, organised into lobules by fibrocollagenous septa
Describe the extracellular matrix of cartilage
Sulphated GAGs, rich in proteoglycans and hyaluronic acid and type II colalgen
What are the different types of cartilage?
Hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage
Where do chondrocytes lie?
In lacunae (lake)
Describe fibrocartilage and where it is found?
Contains both type I (stronger) and type II collagen fibres and is found in IV discs, pubic symphysis, and knee menisci
What is the perichondrium?
A specialised layer of condensed, highly vascular fibrocollagenous tissue with chondroblasts embedded (for repair)
What are muscle cells derived from?
What is the basement membrane of muscle cells called?
Why does muscle stain bright pink?
Due to large amounts of myofilament in cytoplasm
Supporting reticular fibre network which carries capillaries and nerves to the muscle cells (fibres)
Surrounds muscle fascicles
Surrounds whole muscle with collagen and elastic fibres embedded, it is continuous with tendons and muscle attachments
What are satellite cells?
Stem cells which can add to muscle, and are found beneath the basement membrane
What do fibroblasts do in muscle?
Help produce endomysium
What is the H-zone?
Just the myosin filament, no overlap with actin
What is the I-band?
Just the actin filament
What is the A-band?
All of the myosin filament, including overlap with actin
What is the M-line?
Thickest portion of the myosin filament
What is the Z-line?
Marks end of sarcomere (actin)
Describe cardiac muscle cells
Branching, multinucleate cells which meet at intercalated discs
Why does a fibrocollagenous scar form in cardiac damage?
Cardiac muscle doesn't have any satellite cells and therefore cannot repair itself and a scar forms instead
Describe smooth muscle cells
Spindle-shaped cells with a central nuclei, no striations and that are closely arranged to form sheets
What are myoepithelial cells?
Cells which have processes which surround secretory portions of exocrine glands, and contraction allows movement into the duct
What are myofibroblasts?
Specialised cell that produces collagen it also have actin and desmin filaments which have a large role in wound healing --> proliferate to produce fibrocollagenous scar --> contraction reduces the size of damaged area in healing process
What are pericytes?
Stem cells that are associated with capillaries and venules, and following injury proliferate to form new endothelial cells, fibroblasts or myofibroblasts
What does a Nissl stain show?
It stains RNA and DNA
What is a nervous system nucleus (or PNS ganglion)?
Collection of neurones with common circuity and function (in grey matter)
What is neuropil?
Dense tangle of neuroal axons, dendrites and glial processes and is site of communication between various components
What glial cells are present in the central nervous system?
Oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia
Highly branched cell that surrounds the surfaces of neurones and blood vessels in the CNS and an important part of the BBB; proliferates at the site of injury to form a 'glial scar'
Produce myelin by wrapping membrane around axons (one cell can myelinate many axons)
Specialised macrophages in CNS (smallest cell and hard to see without stain)
What glial cells are present in the peripheral nervous system
Schwann cells and satellite cells
Describe Schwann cells
Myelinate axons (1 Schwann cell segment per axon)
Describe satellite cells
Similar to the astrocytes of the CNS (physical and metabolic support)
Define 'motor unit'
Motor neurone and all of the skeletal muscle fibres it contracts


Professor Kudasz carrying out a successful hole in the heart operation in Hungary
Story about Professor Jozsef Kudasz carrying out a successful hole in the heart operation.
CUs. Children playing football, skipping, riding scooters and bicycles. CUs. panning over children's beds in the Chirugical Clinic showing children lying flat on their backs.
CU. x-ray of the heart. CU. Machine, electronically registering heartbeats. Medium panning shot of the artificial heart panning up to CU. Vessels that hold blood. CU. Doctor's report sheet in Hungarian. CU. From below of the battery of lamps over the operating table, which are switched.
CU Surgeon, Professor Jozsef Kudasz. High Angle GV. operating theatre, with the operation in progress move into medium. CU. of doctors over the patient. CU. Heart Beating. Medium panning shot along the equipment which makes up the automatic heart - the machine is in motion. CU. Heart beating. CU. To Rotating arm on the automatic heart. Various CUs. of surgeons and nurses at work. Medium panning shot showing all the doctors and nurses at work around the operating table. CU. Rotating arm on the automatic heart slowing down to a stand still MS. a continuous graph coming out of machine.
CU. Surgeon smiling. CU. Small boy (the patient) smiling. (Mute. Lav)
Note: The patient's name is Andras Taraszovics, aged 13.


Prophylaxis, (also known as teeth cleaning), polishing, fluoride application.
Oral and radiographic examination with digital radiography, reducing radiation exposure by 80-90% compared to traditional xrays.
Teeth grinding prevention appliances are used to cushion the teeth from the destructive effects of clenching and grinding.
Custom sports guards made with the Druformat™ pressure vacuum system used by many NFL™ teams and other professional athletes for a superb fit for better protection and comfort. Read more about Mouthguards in this article by By Ray Padilla.
Home Fluoride Pastes available in prescription strength for decay problems.
Pit and fissure sealants for children and teens to seal the deep grooves in permanent teeth and prevent decay forming bacteria from impregnating the teeth.
Dental Professional Packaged Electric Toothbrushes offered.


|Course Title||AS/A Level Psychology|
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behaviour. If you are considering taking Psychology you need to be curious about both typical and atypical behaviour. You should enjoy thinking about and scientifically researching questions such as: Why do I obey police officers? Why can I listen to the radio and play on a computer game at the same time? How can a person with a fear of spiders be treated? This course also includes occasional guest speakers and trips relevant to psychology.
A qualification in Social Sciences gives you a good background and provides you with the skills and knowledge which are applicable in a wide range of areas. On completion of these courses you may choose to study at degree level and pursue a career in any of the following areas: National and Local Government, Human Resources, Health, Social Work, Voluntary Agencies, Education, Criminology, Management, and Health and Social Work. In order to become a Psychologist you will need to study Psychology at university.
To study A Levels at Bury College you must obtain a minimum of six GCSE grades. These must include 4/5 in English Language and mathematics (minimum combined total of 9 points). Plus, a minimum of two additional GCSEs at grade 4 or higher. As well as a minimum of two additional GCSEs at grade 5 or higher. In addition to these entry requirements, you must have GCSE English Language grade 9-5 (A*-C).
This course will start in September and you will study for two years to achieve the full A Level.
For the AS programme you will study social influence, memory, attachment, psychopathology, approaches in psychology and biopsychology. You will study six compulsory topics, assessed over two 1.5 hour exams. There will be three topics per exam over one year. For the A Level programme you will study social influence, memory attachment, psychopathology, approaches in psychology and biopsychology, research methods and issues and debates in psychology. Your options may be gender, schizophrenia and forensic psychology. You will study eight compulsory topics and three optional topics over two years which will be assessed with three two hour exams at the end of year two.
Psychology continues to be a popular AS and A Level choice at Bury College. It works well with Science, Art, Business and Humanity subjects. If you are thinking about becoming a Psychologist you may consider volunteering with the Student Action Group alongside your academic studies. This activity allows you to work in the community in a safe and secure manner and will enhance both university and job applications. The A Level Psychology Study Programme will develop your English and communication skills as well as your numerical skills. All of these skills are highly valued by any higher education institution or employment field.
You will have the opportunity to participate in a week’s work experience in each year of the course. This work experience will be tailored as far as possible to your career aims, or provide you with the opportunity to explore possible careers. In addition, it provides opportunity to develop valuable skills for a personal statement or CV.
A range of enrichment activities are available in college and the A Level Study Programme team will provide you with opportunities to do activities that contribute to your wider growth and development. In many cases tutors will support you in your academic studies by allowing you to explore things that are related to the subject areas that you are interested in.
There are no additional costs to study on this course.
A range of career-enhancing free courses have been launched at Bury College for adults across the borough.


- At a congressional hearing this week, Jerry Cuomo, IBM's vice president of blockchain technology,testified about the potential governmental uses for blockchains.
- Identification documents, payment systems, and systems that trace the movement of foods and drugs, are among the most promising initial governmental applications for the technology, Cuomo said.
- Lawmakers were wowed by how much quicker blockchain technology has made the process of tracking down food products.
IBM wants to get Uncle Sam on a blockchain.
The digital ledger technology that underlies bitcoin is ready to be used for everything from paying taxes to tracking food and drug shipments to newer, more secure identification cards, said Jerry Cuomo, vice president of blockchain technology at IBM, at a hearing Wednesday organized by the Congressional Blockchain Caucus.
"There is an opportunity for the United States to build upon its momentum to lead blockchain by doing," Cuomo said in his testimony. "We should focus our efforts on projects that can positively impact US economic competitiveness, citizens, and businesses."
Cuomo encouraged lawmakers to focus on incorporating blockchain technology into already established governmental projects and programs, rather than trying to start new blockchain-themed initiatives. That could help speed its use and adoption and help the US stay at the forefront of blockchain development, he said.
Government agencies at both the federal and state level are already experimenting with the technology. Some states are developing blockchain-based drivers licenses and identification cards. Meanwhile, IBM is working with the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on some blockchain projects, including one that could speed the CDC's ability to develop new drugs.
Right now, drug development involves lots of paperwork. Blockchain technology could help improve the process by putting all of the important information related to drug development in an easily accessible and secure place online.
Developing new drugs "doesn't just take a long time because people are slow," Cuomo said. "The processes are extremely paper intensive. I see these groups taking the right first steps."
In an interview with Business Insider, Cuomo predicted that blockchain-based digital identities will be the first big project to take off at the federal level, because officials can build off the work going on in the states.
In addition to Cuomo, Frank Yiannas, vice president of food safety at Walmart, also testified at the hearing, talking about how his company is using blockchain technology. The retail giant has teamed up with IBM to develop a blockchain designed to track the movement of produce from farmers through distributors and stores to consumers. The technology could be useful in responding to reports of food contamination, when entities like the FDA need to quickly determine which food to recall.
When Yiannas told lawmakers that the process of tracking down particular food products has gone from seven days to to 2.2 seconds, thanks to blockchain technology, they were in awe, Cuomo said.
Here's a full video of the hearing:
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Get the latest IBM stock price here.


Time for a second round of Q&As!
As I explained in my blog post last week, I joined Qing Liu as a panellist on Bureau van Dijk's webinar, The role of company financial data in identifying financial crime, in August.
In our hour-long session we examined the trends of financial crime over time and shared some perspectives on the challenges we face today. We also drew on case studies to show how the use of financial data and corporate ownership structures can be used to minimize financial crime and mitigate risk – and the webinar is now free to view on-demand.
Because we couldn't answer all the questions posed by of our audience of compliance professionals on the day, we've attempted to address the rest in these two blog posts, the first covering questions on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing.
Noting again that these are my personal views, here's the second batch, this time on the general theme of typology – or recognised patterns of behaviour – and it's also available as a printable PDF.
Your questions answered
1. "How does cyber crime facilitate or help in current financial crime?"
Cyber crime can exponentially facilitate the occurrence of financial crime. Aside from their own opportunist activities, financial criminals are recruiting cyber criminals to build and identify corporate structures on their behalf.
This is enticing as there is no requirement for face-to-face contact; all can be done online, more quickly than doing so manually. There is much more flexibility, as cyber has no physical boundaries and geographical considerations are not required.
Cyber crime provides distance between parties in a transaction and often anonymity, which in turn promotes criminal activity and makes it more difficult to prosecute. I can buy an established corporate structure more than three years old, with all the accompanying documentation and associated operating bank accounts, from the dark web with a high level of anonymity for as little as $1600.
Do you have an algorithm that picks up companies that have been incorporated for more than three years?
2. "What is the trend for using super funds as a means and vehicle to store criminal proceeds?"
The deposit of funds into a super fund is an ideal way of both getting a return on your money and explaining wealth when it is withdrawn. Identity (either false or partially taken-over) is all that is required, and, especially with self-managed funds, criminals have control over when money can be withdrawn. The identity just needs to be someone with an age that makes the withdrawal of funds not suspicious.
Given the expansion of super funds, I believe that organised crime is going to use this medium more often as it provides an ability to move value intergenerationally without suspicion.
3. "With the trend in blockchain technology, what are the challenges in the utilisation of financial data for identifying financial crime, especially money laundering?"
I believe whilst blockchain will not be a panacea for fixing financial crime, the functionality, if properly configured, will actually benefit asset identification and control, as there is a greater capacity to have individuals independently validate the data on the ledger in such a way that time makes the information more robust to illegal alteration.
4. "I understand that money is classified as being laundered once it has entered the bank. Why is this so?"
Money can be defined as laundered even before it hits the financial system. It is just that the entrance into the financial system is deliberate, so that value can be transferred easily between parties. Once entering the financial system, the characteristics of the money changes. This then constitutes money laundering, which is the deliberate attempt to disguise the true nature of money or property.
5. "If a company just wants to minimise its overhead cost, is that also considered money laundering?"
The legitimate minimisation of costs through efficiency and restructure is perfectly fine and should be applauded. Whilst in some circumstance minimisation of costs may represent a benefit to a criminal group, most of the time they falsely portray increased costs, which reduce profit and thus reduce tax.
If action is taken to falsely represent activities within a business irrespective of the outcome, i.e. profit or loss, the result may fall into the definition of money laundering. It depends on the circumstances of each case.
6. "Pricing – under-pricing or overpricing – is a very tricky part in trade finance. What methodology have you previously applied to determine if the pricing is fair or not? With certain niche products, pricing ranges and prices change frequently and significantly."
I agree with your statement. You can only hope to minimise, not eliminate, trade-based money laundering. The more information you can get on the behaviour of similar companies and products, the more understanding you will have of the events presented to you. Experience is critical and it can be very difficult to achieve working off a checklist.
7. "With regards to the identifying and verification of beneficial owners, what solution can you offer if the beneficial owners refuse to sign a declaration that they are the beneficial owners, even though a financial institution has identified them as such?"
Don't do business with them! It is not worth the risk in the long run. For me, that is probably grounds for a suspicious matter report. I do not know any law-abiding person who denies ownership of assets that they have obtained legally unless maybe if they are engaged in divorce proceedings…
8. "What are your views on using artificial intelligence to tackle financial crime?"
Like all ideas, no single idea is going to solve the problems, but industry needs to get smarter on how it is going to deal with low-value, high-volume transactions at low cost, whilst still minimising criminal regulatory and reputational risk. It does not take much money to have a successful terrorist event.
9. "What ways can a company clear its name from a list from the central bank list?"
Unfortunately, individuals and companies can sometimes find themselves on such lists, either misguidedly or otherwise. If, as an organisation, you believe your inclusion on a list is unjustified, then a dialogue needs to be created to establish from the various referees why the circumstances exist and what needs to be done to correct them, and then get on and do it. I have sympathy – in some cases the cost of this suggestion can be high.
10. "Some financial institutions only identify ultimate beneficial owners with more than 10% ownership. Would you consider this sufficient due diligence?"
In some cases, no. If you look at pump-and-dump schemes and market manipulation, 10% share ownership of a company would be very unusual. I believe each corporate customer needs to be assessed on its merits. If your organisation sets targets, criminals will come to understand this and adjust their activity accordingly.
One big advantage Australia has re AML/CTF over other jurisdictions is they have not set a minimum bar for international funds transfers; they require reporting of all transactions.
11. "How can you identify a shell company? Many are handled out of the British Virgin Islands, Seychelles, Samoa, etc, which have proven extremely difficult to trace."
Bureau van Dijk can help you trace these companies. You need to then ask the question of the directors: what does your company do? Their answers should help you make a determination. If these companies are clients of your clients, you need to ask your client.
You will not be able to help it if they lie to you but at least you have a record of your enquiry and the answers they supplied. If you are unhappy with the answers, or they do not supply information to your comfort, don't do business with them!
12. "You indicated in the webinar that a red flag might be a company with only a small number of employees recording very high gross revenue. In modern society, companies are replacing employees with technology, so how could this be a reliable red flag."
The dynamics of the records published in respect of a person or company will help formulate the additional questions that need to be asked to fill in the information gaps.
Sometimes what has been reported is valid but I have also seen many examples where activity does not make commercial sense, and yet it is allowed to proceed.
As mentioned in the webinar, number of employees is one criterion that may be looked at. There is a combination of other factors that may be considered to make a more holistic decision. For example, you can look at financial performance, the industry the company operates in, the legal status of the entity, the location of the entity, length of incorporation, the ownership structure, etc. Bureau van Dijk would be happy to assist you with additional information in relation to this.
13. "How would you advise on the treatment of transactions that a client says is a loan or loan repayment between individuals or entities? There is really no agreement or contract for such personal loan arrangements."
Ask for the documentation and if it does not exist, then delay the transaction until they are either created or provided. It is not your role to determine the truth of the document unless that information is available to you, but at least you have something on which you have assessed your risk.
14. "How are Australian banks managing the risk of money laundering when allowing customers and non-customers to do large cash deposits on automated transaction machines (ATMs)?"
My view is that as long as these transactions are recorded – this includes suitable identification mechanisms – then assessments of risk can be made.
The issue arises when the cash transaction cannot be matched with a legally verifiable person. Again, the issue is not so much in relation to the size of the cash withdrawal but to the verification of the identities of individuals undertaking such withdrawals.


This is another application for cutting concrete floors that some people take for granted.
Concrete walk behind saws powered by hydraulic, electric, diesel or gas are typically used for cutting pavement at airports, local streets, and even your home driveway. They are also use for interior trenching for placement of plumbing pipes, sewers, drains and electric services.
We have all the necessary blades for cutting different depths and saws for inside jobs where gas can not be used.
Water is another factor to deal with when cutting concrete floors. Water must be controlled because of the extreme use of it when cutting concrete floors. It will travel everywhere unless contained. We include that service when we estimate a slab sawing job so you don’t have to call your neighbor or friend for help.
Requirements for cutting concrete slabs:
- Layout must be done by home owner or general contractor. All cuts should be marked before Cape Cod Concrete Cutting arrives on site.
- If you need a concrete floor cut it is essential that we know the thickness, footage, if water is available and access is very important.
- Water control will be needed on most concrete slab jobs, and will be provided at an additional charge by Cape Cod Concrete Cutting.
- Ventilation is a must when we use a gas or diesel concrete walk-behind saw. If ventilation is a problem then we will us electric saws for that job.
- Access is essential to allow us to get the saws in and out of the building or space being cut. The concrete slab saw is very heavy and awkward to maneuver in tight areas. The cutting area must be clear of all obstructions to allow the operator to do his job properly and efficiently.
- If water and power is not present we can provide it.
- These are typical requirements and may not pertain to every job.


Alberto and Pedro are good friends. They are teenagers, they live in Bolivia and they are classmates. Both of their fathers are famous scientists. Like his father, Pedro is fascinated with science. Alberto, on the other hand, is an artist. He draws amazingly well every animal that he sees. One day while they’re playing and walking along the shore of Lake Titicaca, they notice a mysterious man. Combining their scientific and artistic talents, the two friends begin to try to solve a mystery involving wild animals.
This fictitious novel is based on fewer than 100 high frequency words in Spanish. This novel is intended to facilate langauge acquisition and biliteracy. It contains a managable amount of vocabulary and numerous cognates, making it ideal for beginning language students.
Short and captivating! Glossary included.
5"x7" paperback, 68 pages.


Published at Friday, November 16th 2018. by Denise Shaffer in Ceiling.
Ceiling scape in the basements. We have ceiling scape because there are so many situations where our ceilings going to be higher and then lower. Now out in this big section that I'm standing in here to the left side of that red beam there, this whole side of the basement, the left of the stairs it's going to be a full height, nine-foot ceiling, there's nothing in my way, okay! Well, for the most part, there's not, there is some ductwork right down there that I'm going to build a soffit around, but for the most part, this whole side is going to be one high 9-foot ceiling. Then I've got a 16-inch duct trunk and then I've got about thirty. Two more inches of duct trunk and then back out here I've got gas lines and finally, I have a high ceiling with nothing in my way. So what am I going to do here? Well, I'm going to build underneath the gas line. All these ducts I'm going to continue across right underneath that PEX, the water lines right, underneath the sewage line and right underneath the steel making that one lower section of the ceiling from the steel beam the whole way out to the end of my gas lines right there. The gas lines, and then from the gas lines over to the exterior wall, which is about another six feet, I'm going to go back up full height with mice, with my drywall ceiling right to the bottom of that floor, joists all right. So I have an upper ceiling just about six foot and I've got a lower section.
Well, I do high-end work with a lot of recessed lights. This basement is probably going to have 25 recessed lights. I like to see real drywall wherever I can. So that can be painted and look like the rest of the home, and you really do have to stand back. Look at the big picture and design your ceiling scape from maximum height and straight crisp lines. All right, you don't want to be up and down up and down everywhere. Okay, I wouldn't come across underneath this ductwork and try to go back up there, where I have a little bit of space between those red and blue pecs lines in the ductwork. There's not enough space there are only two feet: it wouldn't be worth all the aggravation, so you really have to think about keeping it simple getting as much as you can in each soffit and maximize your height, wherever you can all right now that that lower section is Soffit right there from that corner there right out to that edge right there in front of the recessed light. Was that section of lower ductwork? It was about 16 inches deep, we boxed it out, and then we went right back into the next section of the soffit, which was that first 12-inch steel beam that we saw that was up there stairs here and show you this okay.
So when you come down the stairs, what we did was we angled this down and moved it out just a little bit further, actually out to the end of that column right there, and that gave us enough Headroom here and I'm reaching my hands straight up over My head full extension here and I'm just able to knock on that. So there's plenty of headroom there for a tall person. I mean you could be 75 and still walk down these steps, and then you can see. We've got a from the one red steel beam right over to the other red steel beam that was there. We just went straight across all right, so that's how we hit the two, the two red beams and then back out here on the other side as I said earlier mm, this is all one big pie, nine-foot ceiling cuz.
There was nothing in our road over here. So we were able to frame that or not have to frame that at all. Rather, we just put the drywall right to the bottom of the floor, joist right now out here where we went from the red pecks and the sewage line that was up there and there were some wires and other stuff up in there. We lower the ceiling again right out here to the edge here where we go back up again. That soffit turning out to the end over the top of the refrigerator and balanced out those windows and then turning back around this way, you can see that lower soffit runs the whole way down to the other end of the basement up to the finished wall. And then we have the high section of ceiling that runs the whole way the whole way down the basement down to this end to this soffit.
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An article of impeachment introduced last week charges President Donald Trump with obstructing the investigation of his campaign’s possible collusion with Putin’s Russia. Like most plans for dethroning Trump, it’s based on proving that the president is crooked.
Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) has a different plan: he wants to remove Trump on the grounds that he’s crazy. Raskin, a former law professor and now a member of the House Judiciary Committee, favors invoking the 25th Amendment’s provisions for declaring the president “unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office.” The bill Raskin’s pushing would create an “Oversight Commission on Presidential Capacity,” empowered to examine the president for signs of mental illness.
All I can say is that if Trump agrees to this ridiculous arrangement, it better be on TV
Here’s how it’s supposed to work: under powers granted by Section 4 of the amendment, Congress sets up a team of four psychiatrists, four physicians, two “retired statesperson[s]” such as former presidents and VPs, and a team-elected chairperson. When Congress summons them into action, their mission, should they choose to accept it, is to examine the president and determine whether he “lacks sufficient understanding or capacity to execute the powers and duties of the office”—and report back within 72 hours.
That’s the plan: An 11-man strike force of assorted shrinks and medics—plus, say, Bill Clinton and Dan Quayle—descends on Donald Trump, takes his vitals, and puts him on the couch to work out whether he’s too nutty to be president. All I can say is that if Trump agrees to this ridiculous arrangement, it better be on TV.
Of course the examination will never happen, as Raskin’s bill all but concedes: “any refusal by the President to undergo such examination shall be taken into consideration” in the commission’s disability ruling. But how could such a refusal count as evidence of mental impairment? Agreeing to be poked and prodded under such circumstances would prove Trump has a screw loose. What’s more, the psychiatrists on the team are barred by professional ethics rules from diagnosing a patient they haven’t personally examined.
But imagine that the commission declares the president incompetent anyway: the 25th Amendment also requires the vice president to ratify their assessment before he can take power. Mike Pence, who’s thus far stood by his man like a classic political “good wife,” seems unlikely to sign on. Even if he did, Trump just has to send a letter to Congress affirming his own competence, and he’ll be restored to power unless “by two-thirds vote of both Houses,” Congress sides with Pence and the commission—something else that’s never going to happen.
Raskin has a point when he charges that Trump’s ongoing “bizarre litany of events and outbursts” has raised legitimate concerns about his temperament and stability. But the 25th Amendment wasn’t designed for ejecting “merely” erratic or untrustworthy presidents. Introduced in the wake of the Kennedy assassination, it aimed at situations of total disability, whether temporary or permanent. The worry with Trump isn’t that he’s “unable to discharge” the powers of his office—it’s that he’s reckless and immature enough to do enormous damage while he does so.
We already have a standing body empowered to make an initial ruling on that sort of presidential fitness: the U.S. House of Representatives, to which the Constitution grants “the sole Power of Impeachment.” Contrary to conventional wisdom, that remedy isn’t limited to cases of corruption or abuse of official power. In its survey of the “Constitutional Grounds for Presidential Impeachment,” the Nixon-era House Judiciary Committee identified a third category of impeachable offense: “behaving in a manner grossly incompatible with the proper function and purpose of the office.”
The House has the power to impeach, and the Senate to remove, a federal officer whose conduct “seriously undermine[s] public confidence in his ability to perform his official functions.”
Congress’s reluctance to engage in that debate is probably what’s driven Rep. Raskin’s to political gimmickry. So far, Republicans and most Democrats shrink from the notion of impeachment, treating the “I-word” as politically blasphemous. But as Trump’s “bizarre litany” continues, Congress may not be able to avoid the debate indefinitely.
Impeachment’s purpose, constitutional scholar Greg Weiner explains, is “prophylactic,” not punitive: “to protect the public” from officials whose conduct presents an unacceptable risk. Whether Trump’s conduct presents such a risk isn’t a clinical question for specialists in lab coats—it’s a practical judgment that the Constitution leaves to the people’s representatives.


Mining of domestic minerals and metals is a cornerstone of the U.S. economy, but data just published by the Energy Information Agency (EIA) show investment in U.S. mining and exploration declined an incredible 35% last year—from 135 billion in 2014 to 88 billion in 2015. This represents the second largest decline since 1948. There has also been a secular increase over time of imported minerals.
Three factors are contributing to this decline. Opposition to mining by the environmental movement increases costs because of litigation and delays. The withdrawal of federal lands, often with permanent restrictions on mining, force manufacturers to look elsewhere and, in part because of the opposition of environmentalists, the permitting process is long and drawn out. And last, a delay of three to four years or more, which is not uncommon, can reduce the value of a mine by 30-40% or more, souring investor interest. All of these factors have been particularly hard on coal, which is also being displaced by increasing natural gas from the hydraulic fracturing shale revolution.
Federal holdings used to be called the “land of many uses,” but increasingly the government, bowing to environmentalist pressure, has decided that mining of coal and minerals is no longer one of those uses. Millions of acres, largely in the West, are now zoned for no mining, no matter how remote they might be. All of these factors make mining here more expensive than elsewhere.
U.S. minerals need to be mined, not undermined.
Senators push for domestic mining
What can be done? Alaskan Senator Lisa Murkowski, to her great credit, has sponsored two bills that could improve the efficiency of energy and mineral development, especially with respect to federal permitting. The proposed bills are linked together in a larger energy bill now before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. Perhaps the most important part of this bill is an improved performance metric for federal agencies involved in various stages of permitting for energy development.
Joined at the hip to this energy bill is the proposed Mineral Security Act, also designed to expedite the permitting process and to therefore increase the amount of domestic mining.
Sad to say, the committee vote for this important legislation is being held up in the Senate Committee, not by federal, regional or state issues, but by local problems of contaminated drinking water in the city of Flint, Michigan.
Hope for America’s energy renaissance
Nevertheless, until the final disposition of the energy and minerals bill is learned, there is hope on the horizon for minerals mining and energy production in general. The Supreme Court’s stay of EPA’s Clean Power Plan will provide real relief to the coal industry, as well as natural gas producers. In January, the House passed the Stream Act (H.R. 1644) which was crafted to block the Stream Protection Rule—a monstrous rule proposed by the Office of Surface Mining that would result in large waste and job loss in the coal fields. It awaits the attention of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee. Finally, a U.S. District Judge in Anchorage issued an injunction to stop any further efforts by EPA to deny the Pebble Partnership due process rights to develop and submit a permit application to mine copper and gold in southwestern Alaska. We recently detailed the sad tale of EPA’s misuse of an obscure section of the 1977 Clean Water Act to stop the owners of what is, value-wise, the second largest copper-gold deposit on earth, from even applying for a permit. Things may be turning around in the mineral and mining world.
Within only the past five years, the U.S. has hit full stride in what is being called the American energy renaissance, and the U.S. is now the world’s leader in both oil and natural gas production. Minerals mining can follow the same pathway of success, especially if the federal permitting process is streamlined—reducing processing time from months and years—to a number of days or a few weeks at most, as in many states. Passage of and adherence to the Energy Policy and Minerals Security bill would work to reduce permitting time and hence decrease unnecessary imports of many minerals that are abundant here. U.S. minerals need to be mined, not undermined.


Then we saw the "generic" Democratic candidate for president ahead of the "generic" Republican by double digits, only to see polls after the GOP convention with Sen. John McCain way ahead of Obama.
Why the ups and downs? Well, polls, as a "snapshot in time," do tend to jump all over the place in close elections. But this year goes beyond that.
A Christian Science Monitor article published yesterday helped explain why:
More than in any other presidential election in recent times, polls may be failing to capture accurately what's happening in the American electorate. There are a couple of reasons, but the most key for the pollsters are massive voter-registration drives, especially by the Democrats, which have created millions of first-time voters. Pollsters aren't quite sure yet how to calculate the impact of all these new voters on the election.
As the article goes on to explain, pollsters are going bonkers trying to figure out how much weight to give to first-time voters, to young voters, and to other new entrants to the political scene.
But I hesitate to put too much faith in an increased youth vote, because young adults (18 to 24) are the most underrepresented of any demographic group in national elections:
Only once since 1972 have more than 50 percent of youths voted in a presidential election. Still, some groups are saying that this year is going to be different. CIRCLE, the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement at Tufts University, has released several reports measuring the youth vote in various presidential and congressional elections. According to them, the 2000 presidential primaries had only a 9 percent turnout from voters under the age of 30, but the 2008 primaries saw nearly double that. For the past three election cycles, there has been an increase in the number of voters aged 18 to 24. Such increases have not occurred in almost 40 years. Now, as we look towards Election Day in November, we can be hopeful that even more youth will turn out.
In 2004, 47 percent of those aged 18 to 24 voted. While this might seem high, compare it to the 66 percent of voters 25 and over that turned out.
My take is, don't depend too heavily on the youth vote to vastly increase voter participation rates. Young people typically have less money than their older counterparts (makes sense since older people have been out in the workforce longer). So many of them tend to vote in lower-income neighborhoods. In recent elections, some of those neighborhoods have been plagued by inadequate numbers of polling booths, broken polling booths, and hours-long lines for would-be voters. I'll never forget the media reports from Ohio in 2004 about low-income voters waiting in the rain for six hours to vote. How many 20-year-olds can withstand that type of test to cast a ballot?
Obviously, the Obama campaign is hoping tons will. But I'm taking a "I'll believe it when I see it" stance.
By Bonnie Erbe


Back to School Basics
We are excited to welcome our students back to school in mid-August! Here is some important information to keep in mind as you and your family prepare for the new school year. Use the + sign next to each heading to see information related to that topic.
- When is the first day of school?
- When is my child's open house or schedule pick-up?
- What school will my child attend?
- What are my school's hours?
- How do I contact my child’s school?
- How do I look up my student's teacher assignment?
- How do I look up my student's bus route information?
- What is Home Access Center and how do I access it?
- How do I communicate a change in my child's transportation arrangements?
- I'm new to Centerville. How do I enroll my student?
- How do I update my home address?
- I’m not sure if my telephone number is correct to receive calls from The Education Connection. How do I check my number?
- How do I check my school's calendar?
- How do I find my student's school supply list?
- How do I pay student fees?
- What's for breakfast and lunch?
- How else can I stay connected to Centerville throughout the year?
In addition to open houses, the middle and high schools have the following plans for distributing student schedules.
Magsig Middle School will host a new student orientation on Aug. 9. Sixth grade orientation takes place from 9:30 a.m.-noon, and new seventh and eighth grade students will meet from 10:30 a.m.-noon. All other students will receive their schedules on the first day of school.
Tower Heights will host an orientation for new sixth graders on Aug. 9 from 10 a.m.-noon, and those students will receive their schedules at that time. New sixth, seventh and eighth grade students, along with their parents, will have an orientation from 7-8 p.m. on Aug. 9, and the seventh and eighth graders will receive their schedules at that time. All returning seventh and eighth grade students will receive their schedules on the first day of school.
Watts Middle School will mail schedules home to all students in grades 6-8 the first week of August. Students can stop by the school between 10 a.m.-2 p.m. on Aug. 9-10 to walk their schedules.
Schedule pick-up for grades 10-12 at Centerville High School will be Aug. 7-8 from 9 a.m.-3 p.m. Freshmen will receive their schedules at orientation on Aug. 9. CHS parking pass and activity pass sales will take place Aug. 7-9 from 9 a.m.-3 p.m.
AM Preschool: 8:10-10:50 a.m.
PM Preschool: 11:55 a.m.-2:35 p.m.
AM Kindergarten: 8:10-10:50 a.m.
PM Kindergarten: 11:55 a.m.-2:35 p.m.
Grade 1: 8:10 a.m.-2:35 p.m.
Grades 2-5: 8 a.m.-2:20 p.m.
Grades 6-8: 8:50 a.m.-3:35 p.m.
CHS Grades 9-12: 7:50 a.m.-2:50 p.m.
Morning SOP: 8:15-11:15 a.m.
Afternoon SOP: 12:45-3:45 p.m.
Evening SOP: 3:45-5:45 p.m. Tuesday-Thursday
Click here to download a printable graphic.
The Home Access Center (HAC) is an online portal for parents and students to access information that includes demographic data (emergency info and contacts), transportation (bus routes), attendance (absence and tardies), fees (balance and fee history), classes (scheduled courses and teachers), grades and report cards (grades 6-12 only).
Bus route information and the option to pay student fees online will be available on HAC. Parents should use their existing log-in information to view the information.
If you have never accessed HAC, use the Register link to create your account. This link can be found in the Login box. In order for this process to work, you must have a valid email address on record. You also will need to confirm the parent or guardian name and the ZIP code on file. If you have trouble completing the registration process, please send an email to email@example.com.
If your child is opting out of bus services or will be served by a childcare provider at an address other than your home, you must have an Alternate Transportation Form on file. If you have not yet completed this form, you can download it from our Forms & Documents page and return it to your child’s school. You do not need to complete this form if your child rides the bus from your home address.
In addition, the Transportation Department will continue its process for temporary transportation changes, such as your child riding a different bus after school. This form also is available on the district’s Forms & Documents page and should be returned to your child’s school as needed.
Centerville Schools has a Student Enrollment Center, allowing families to register all their school-age children at a single location in the district's Board of Education Office at 111 Virginia Ave., Centerville, OH 45458. Visit our New Student Registration page for enrollment forms and to schedule an appointment.
Prior to the start of school, you can download the Change of Address form and return your complete form to the Board of Education Office at 111 Virginia Ave., Centerville, OH 45458. Once school begins, please work with your child’s school office on address changes.
Prior to the start of school, you can update your telephone number on the Home Access Center (HAC). Each guardian must log in to update their own contact information. At the beginning of the school year, a Student Information Sheet will be sent home with each child, and you also can update your contact information on that.
Visit our Calendars page to access the district’s academic calendar as well as school and athletic calendars. A filter tool is available to select which calendars you’d like to view. Each school is responsible for inputting their own events.
Visit our website and then select your child’s school. School supply lists for preschool through middle school are available on each school’s main page under Downloads. High school students will receive supply lists from their teachers.
Families can pay school fees and fees for athletic and co-curricular activities online through the Home Access Center (HAC). There is no processing fee for online payments.
Parents should use their existing log-in information to view the fees for their children. Once logged into HAC, click on the Registration icon and then on the Fees tab. You should see your child’s fees listed there with prompts on paying with a credit card. At this time, families must make separate payments for each child.
Those who do not wish to pay online may submit their payment to their child’s school office. Forms will come home with students at the start of the school year. If you have questions about fees, please contact your child’s school.
Breakfast and lunch menus are available on the Student Nutrition Services website. The site includes interactive menus that have nutrition and allergen information as well as information about applying for free and reduced price school meals. You can add money or check the balance of your student’s meal account on the MyPaymentsPlus website.
Bookmark Centerville’s website to view district and school news, calendars, forms, classroom websites, social media highlights and more.
Follow Centerville City Schools on Facebook and Instagram or search for the district hashtag #ElkPride to receive daily updates on important announcements, upcoming events, photos, videos, news stories and more.
Be sure to read the district’s weekly e-newsletter, which is sent to all parents/guardians every Wednesday during the school year. The newsletter includes district news and events as well as upcoming school fundraisers and community activities. Visit the School Announcements page to access archived copies of the newsletter.
If you are an Apple user, download Centerville’s free mobile app from the Apple store. The app allows you to stay up-to-date with district news and calendars, contact your child’s school and access quick links for students and parents. To download, search for “Centerville Schools” from your mobile device’s app store.
If you have additional questions, please contact your school’s main office or the Board Office at (937) 433-8841.


Research begins at the SOLARIS synchrotron in PolandLocation
SOLARIS synchrotron, Krakow - Poland
On October 2nd, 2018, scientists from Poland and abroad have started regular research at the Polish CERIC Partner Facility in Krakow, Poland, the National Synchrotron Radiation Centre SOLARIS.
For the moment, three end-stations are available at the SOLARIS synchrotron: PEEM (photoelectron microscopy), XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy) and UARPES (angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy). Beamtime was granted to scientists on a competition basis, through an open call for applications which closed on May 25th. The proposals were evaluated by an international commission.
Twenty-six experiments prepared by groups of scientists from eleven Polish and five foreign universities and research institutes, will be carried out at SOLARIS between October 2018 and the end of February 2019. Among the first users of the Kraków synchrotron are also researchers who were awarded beamtime through the open call launched by CERIC-ERIC.
Scientists will carry out research in the fields of physics, materials science and chemistry. They will investigate topological insulators, Dirac materials and superconductors, as well as the electronic properties of materials, magnetic interactions and the distribution of elements in materials. In the future, measurements may contribute to the development of more efficient photovoltaic cells, faster and more capacious hard disks or new electronic materials.
The SOLARIS calls for proposals will be announced by the SOLARIS synchrotron twice a year, in spring and autumn. The closest deadline for submitting applications is April 1, 2019.


Canadian filmmaker, screenwriter and actor David Paul Cronenberg was born on this day, March 15, 1943. One of the principal originators of what is commonly known as the body horror or "venereal horror genre," a style of filmmaking explores people's fears of bodily transformation and infection, he explored these themes mostly through horror and science fiction throughout the first half of his film career. He has been called "the most audacious and challenging narrative director in the English-speaking world.
Cronenberg has appeared on various "Greatest Director" lists. In 2004, Science Fiction magazine Strange Horizons named him the 2nd greatest director in the history of the genre, ahead of better known directors such as Steven Spielberg, James Cameron, Jean-Luc Godard and Ridley Scott. In the same year, The Guardian listed him 9th on their list of "The world's 40 best directors". In 2007, Total Film named him as the 17th greatest director of all-time.
Cronenberg received the Special Jury Prize at the 1996 Cannes Film Festival for Crash. In 1999, Cronenberg was inducted onto Canada's Walk of Fame and was awarded with the Silver Bear Award at the 49th Berlin International Film Festival.
In 2002, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada, and in 2006 he was awarded the Cannes Film Festival's lifetime achievement award, the Carrosse d'Or. Also in 2006, Cronenberg was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, the senior national body of distinguished Canadian scientists and scholars. In 2009 Cronenberg received the Légion d'honneur from the government of France. The following year Cronenberg was named an honorary patron of the University Philosophical Society, Trinity College, Dublin. In 2012, he received the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.
The opening of the "David Cronenberg: Evolution" Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) exhibition occurred on October 30, 2013. Held at the TIFF Bell Lightbox venue, the exhibition pays tribute to the director's entire filmmaking career and the festival's promotional material refers to Cronenberg as "one of Canada's most prolific and iconic filmmakers". The exhibition will be shown internationally following the conclusion of the TIFF showing on January 19, 2014.
In 2014, he was made a Member of the Order of Ontario in recognition for being "Canada's most celebrated internationally acclaimed filmmaker"
1913 - Macdonald Carey (actor: “Like sands through the hourglass these are the Days of Our Lives”; Comanche Territory, The Rebels, Who is the Black Dahlia, Access Code; died Mar 21, 1994)
1935 - Judd Hirsch (Actor: Taxi (1978), Numb3rs (2005) and Independence Day (1996)
1954 - Craig Wasson (actor: Body Double, Malcolm X, Phyllis, A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors)
1975 - Eva Longoria (Actress:The Young and the Restless (1973), Desperate Housewives (2004), Harsh Times (2005), The Sentinel (2006))
Kim Raver (Actress/Director: 24 (2001), Third Watch (1999) and Night at the Museum (2006)


Perhaps the heart of coal country is the last place one would expect a utility to reduce carbon pollution from coal-fired power plants. However, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is ahead of schedule on its target to reduce greenhouse gasses. The utility announced it has reduced carbon pollution to 23% below 2005 levels. Moreover, TVA appears on target to achieve reductions of 40% below 2005 levels by 2020.
The TVA was established under FDR’s administration to build flood control dams in a multi-state region in the south and use those dams to generate inexpensive hydro-electric power to a poverty stricken region where millions did not have electricity. Since that time the TVA has expanded its electrical generation into coal-fired and gas fired plants. In recent years, in part because of incentives provided under the Obama administration, the TVA has been developing renewable energy sources.
TVA’s reductions surpass both the Energy Information Association’s (EIA) projections that the utility sector as a whole will reduce GHG emissions by 11 percent below 2005 levels by 2020, and the White House Climate Action Plan target of 17 percent reductions from 2005 levels by 2020.
The reduction in TVA’s greenhouse gases can largely be attributed to the utility’s planned retirement of 5,580 MW of coal-fired power plants, with more retirements likely to come. The projected drop in future carbon dioxide (CO2) rates will put TVA in line with the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) New Source Performance Standards for new gas turbines, as well as the new EPA carbon rules expected this summer.
TVA has reduced carbon pollution 28% since its peak year in 1995. In addition, TVA has reduced SO2 emissions 97% since the peak year in 1977, and reduced NOX by 90% from the peak in 1995. They have done this in large part by reducing coal consumption from 5.5 million tons a year in 2008 to less than 5 million tons in 2013. TVA projects that it will reduce coal consumption to less than 2.5 million tons by 2017—cutting it in half.
If a utility in the heart of coal country can do this, why can’t utilities located far from coal country do the same?
Dr. Stephen Smith, executive director of the Southern Alliance for Clean Energy (SACE), commented:
“These are impressive numbers, which represent a critical step toward mitigating climate change impacts while proving that cleaner energy will protect air and water in the Tennessee Valley. The utility’s steady decline in past emissions, coupled with a lower projected future rate of emissions, demonstrate that TVA’s system-wide numbers appear to be well positioned ahead of new emission limits for existing sources of pollution from EPA this summer.”
There is another benefit for the region by retirement of these coal-fired plants and that is air quality. Pollution largely attributed to burning coal has shrouded scenic areas like the Smokey Mountains in a deep haze. They were named Smoky Mountains because of the natural ozone, but the additional haze from pollution has made it hard to see the beautiful mountains.
The Grand Canyon and other National Parks in the west suffer with the same haze largely from burning coal to make electricity. Maybe those utilities can follow TVA’s lead.


Modern China is an enigmatic country by today's standards concerning economic values and political ideals. The "communist government that Mao Zedong brutally sculpted and administered has gone through an intensive transformation. The days when Marxism and Socialism supposedly provided guidelines for Chinese economic policies have passed. Now the government exists as a quasi-communist authoritarian regime supported by a market economy.
Economic progress is commonly associated with democratization, and in many cases this theory holds true. Taiwan is the exemplary East Asian model of a formerly authoritarian regime turned democratic due in part to economic development. Yet some nations, Singapore for example, maintain healthy economies and high standards of living despite the presence of authoritarianism within the government. Although China has experienced noteworthy economic development over the past twenty years, its government has not made any significant progress towards democracy.
The Chinese economy stagnated during the social-oriented rule of Mao in the 1950's. Instead of focusing on the modernization of the country's agricultural-based economy, China's leader intended to install the many values and doctrines of communism into Chinese society. It was evident that economics took a back seat to Mao's greater vision of a communal society, " ¦Stalin emphasized only technology, technical cadres. He wanted nothing but technology, nothing but cadre; no politics, no masses ¦Stalin speaks only of the production relations, not of the superstructure, nor of the relationship between superstructure and economic base ¦Stalin mentions economics only, not politics. 1 The chairman of the People's Republic believed that once communism had grown deep roots in his country's society, economic development would inevitably follow. ... Continue Reading


Sir Paul Maxime Nurse
Nurse, Sir Paul Maxime, 1949–, British biochemist, Ph.D. Univ. of East Anglia, 1973. Nurse was associated with the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (now Cancer Research UK London Research Institute) for two periods in his career (1984–88 and 1993–2003), becoming director-general in 1996, and was a professor at Oxford (1988–93). He was president of Rockefeller Univ., New York City, from 2003 to 2011, when he became director of the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation, now the Francis Crick Institute. Nurse is also president (2010–) of the Royal Society. In 2001 Nurse was co-recipient with Leland H. Hartwell and Timothy R. Hunt of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle. Nurse identified, cloned, and characterized cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), a key regulator of the cell cycle. The discoveries of three are important to the understanding of the development of chromosomal instabilities in cancer cells.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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bellows, expansible, gas-tight chamber used to pump or store a gas. One of the simplest and most familiar types of bellows is the manual one used for providing a forced draft to a fire. The expansible chamber consists of a leather bag with pleated sides. The bag is fixed between handles in such a way that they can be used to make it expand and contract. The inlet and outlet vents are provided with valves so that air must enter through the first and leave through the second. The device thus comprises a simple air pump. One of the major uses of the bellows has been to provide a draft for fires that are used to help extract a metal from its ore. In a device such as an aneroid barometer a small bellows is filled with a known amount of gas that expands and contracts in response to changes in external pressure. This small bellows is coupled to some form of indicating or recording device. Another use of the bellows has been to provide wind for such musical instruments as the accordion and older pipe organs.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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