import OAI.NumberTheory.Ostmann.ZeroDensity.CharacterZeroPolynomial import OAI.NumberTheory.Ostmann.Characters.CharacterDiskGrowth namespace OAI /-! # The actual finite zero set removed around a horizontal contour edge -/ namespace Ostmann open Metric Set MeromorphicOn open scoped BigOperators Classical noncomputable def characterContourDivisor (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t : ℝ) := divisor χ.L (closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8 : ℝ)) noncomputable def characterContourZeros (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t : ℝ) : Finset ℂ := ((characterContourDivisor χ t).finiteSupport (isCompact_closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8 : ℝ))).toFinset theorem characterContourDivisor_eq (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t : ℝ) (z : ℂ) (hz : z ∈ closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8 : ℝ)) : characterContourDivisor χ t z = (analyticOrderNatAt χ.L z : ℤ) := by rw [← characterZeroOrder_eq_nat] unfold characterContourDivisor characterZeroOrder rw [AnalyticOnNhd.divisor_apply (fun z _ => χ.L_analytic z) hz, AnalyticOnNhd.divisor_apply (fun z _ => χ.L_analytic z) (mem_univ z)] theorem mem_characterContourZeros (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t : ℝ) (z : ℂ) : z ∈ characterContourZeros χ t ↔ z ∈ closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8 : ℝ) ∧ χ.L z = 0 := by change z ∈ ((characterContourDivisor χ t).finiteSupport (isCompact_closedBall _ _)).toFinset ↔ _ rw [Set.Finite.mem_toFinset] change characterContourDivisor χ t z ≠ 0 ↔ _ constructor · intro hn have hz : z ∈ closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8 : ℝ) := (characterContourDivisor χ t).supportWithinDomain hn refine ⟨hz, ?_⟩ rw [characterContourDivisor_eq χ t z hz, ← characterZeroOrder_eq_nat] at hn exact (characterZeroOrder_pos_iff χ z).mp (lt_of_le_of_ne (characterZeroOrder_nonneg χ z) (Ne.symm hn)) · rintro ⟨hz, he⟩ rw [characterContourDivisor_eq χ t z hz, ← characterZeroOrder_eq_nat] exact ne_of_gt ((characterZeroOrder_pos_iff χ z).mpr he) theorem characterContourZeros_mass_eq (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t : ℝ) : (∑ z ∈ characterContourZeros χ t, (analyticOrderNatAt χ.L z : ℝ)) = ((∑ᶠ z, characterContourDivisor χ t z : ℤ) : ℝ) := by rw [finsum_eq_sum_of_support_subset (s := characterContourZeros χ t) _ (by intro z hz exact ((characterContourDivisor χ t).finiteSupport (isCompact_closedBall _ _)).mem_toFinset.mpr hz), Int.cast_sum] apply Finset.sum_congr rfl intro z hz rw [characterContourDivisor_eq χ t z ((mem_characterContourZeros χ t z).mp hz).1] simp theorem characterContourZeros_mass_bound (χ : PrimitiveComplexCharacter) (t M : ℝ) (hM : 1 ≤ M) (hbound : ∀ z ∈ closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (11 / 4 : ℝ), ‖χ.L z‖ ≤ M) : (∑ z ∈ characterContourZeros χ t, (analyticOrderNatAt χ.L z : ℝ)) ≤ Real.log (3 * M) / Real.log (22 / 21 : ℝ) := by have ha : AnalyticOnNhd ℂ χ.L (closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) |(11 / 4 : ℝ)|) := fun z _ => χ.L_analytic z have hlo := χ.L_lower_re_two (characterZeroCenter t) (characterZeroCenter_re t) have hne : χ.L (characterZeroCenter t) ≠ 0 := by intro he rw [he, norm_zero] at hlo linarith have hj := ha.sum_divisor_le (r := (21 / 8 : ℝ)) (R := (11 / 4 : ℝ)) (by norm_num) (by norm_num) hM hne (fun z hz => hbound z (by simpa only [abs_of_pos (by norm_num : (0 : ℝ) < 11 / 4)] using sphere_subset_closedBall hz)) have hn : 0 < ‖χ.L (characterZeroCenter t)‖ := by linarith have hr : M / ‖χ.L (characterZeroCenter t)‖ ≤ 3 * M := by apply (div_le_iff₀ hn).mpr nlinarith rw [characterContourZeros_mass_eq] change ((∑ᶠ z, divisor χ.L (closedBall (characterZeroCenter t) (21 / 8)) z : ℤ) : ℝ) ≤ _ rw [show |(21 / 8 : ℝ)| = 21 / 8 by norm_num, show (11 / 4 : ℝ) / (21 / 8) = 22 / 21 by norm_num] at hj apply hj.trans exact div_le_div_of_nonneg_right (Real.log_le_log (div_pos (by linarith) hn) hr) (Real.log_pos (by norm_num)).le end Ostmann end OAI