99999 90022 90008 90011 90011 90008 90000 90012 99998 99999 90005 90017 90008 90004 90003 90012 90000 90013 99998 00043 99999 90001 90017 90014 90010 90004 99998 00000 99999 90009 90000 90015 90000 90013 90004 90018 90004 99998 99999 90015 90020 90017 90015 90011 90004 99998 99999 90002 90008 90015 90007 90004 90017 99998 99999 90012 90000 90002 90007 90008 90013 90004 99998 99999 90001 90004 90005 90014 90017 90004 99998 00000 99999 90018 90004 90002 90014 90013 90003 99998 99999 90022 90014 90017 90011 90003 99998 00098 00077 99999 90002 90014 90008 90013 90004 90003 99998 00000 99999 90019 90004 90017 90012 99998 99999 90002 90017 90024 90015 90019 90000 90013 90000 90011 90024 90018 90008 90018 99998 00002 99999 90018 90015 90004 90013 90019 99998 00033 99999 90002 90000 90017 90004 90004 90017 99998 00016 00000 99999 90018 90008 90006 90013 90000 90011 90018 99998 99999 90008 90013 90019 90004 90011 90011 90008 90006 90004 90013 90002 90004 99998 99999 90018 90004 90017 90021 90008 90002 90004 99998 99999 90001 90020 90008 90011 90003 90008 90013 90006 99998 99999 90000 90012 90004 90017 90008 90002 90000 90013 99998 99999 90002 90014 90003 90004 90001 90017 90004 90000 90010 90008 90013 90006 99998

WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


OSNEC PMDSC EUOOY LRXMA TXNEI INXSO AXRAR KNRXN URDTL OSI

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER


RUMPXPOVVXULOWDKOVCHDYXVAKMUUZXIJKDCQSOVSCXPZUEVEDGHQAVUUVPWAMKWBLEYPWRRTUPUITRPLPZDJKGHRLLLSOASADHAXPZUDLIPANROIUUZVPRLDUTPAKQARARUXVNBIPUKIHDYVUKZWRZN

TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


90 15 44 63 91 90 61 76 18 55 91 90 85 35 91 90 45 58 63 91 90 30 25 20 41 91 90 54 53 91 90 15 44 76 91 90 12 63 82 84 81 66 54 81 11 91 90 85 61 91 90 67 84 40 33 25 27 91 90 47 66 41 91 90 17 81 85 23 77 76 33 82 63 91 90 25 35 91 90 45 58 76 91 90 44 85 30 89 91 90 25 66 63 91 90 54 53 91 90 79 81 41 76 55 40 15 18 66 33 84 81 11 91

THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY ONE IS UNDERSTANDING


CUKSLUKGUNQLDKUCODURBBQURNGWALUIRNALAOZUMMIIQHOPHNIGMSBGDGEYALBOCSROTCBMQR

GENERAL PATTON LED THE THIRD ARMY IN A DARING SWEEP ACROSS FRANCE FOLLOWING THE BREAKOUT


DKRCJYBXEWYKBHQKRFMMJTLQOODNUMKTDQNJLBBAHOIZZ

THE REPORTS OF MY DEATH HAVE BEEN GREATLY EXAGGERATED


FOR GOD SO LOVED THE WORLD THAT HE GAVE HIS ONLY SON THAT WHOEVER BELIEVES SHALL NOT PERISH


DMOZNDAIGTLNRBJGYAOQXXXCWDXFSEVZRXKCTCDMCIQHHQCJUBKPRJPDCQURSNWDFYEOGWTCDMFJMRAH

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


AEUPTPGETOASISCSEREMSXENTDAYTRBACSXXSRNYOALDSSYAX

A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES

Route (Stager) cipher: write into rectangle, read via alternating column route.


KHZ PZA UPJOA UBY UPJOA YPJOAPN LZ PZA UPJOA LPUTHS MHSZJO

DAS IST NICHT NUR NICHT RICHTIG ES IST NICHT EINMAL FALSCH


JVE JREQRA XNZCSRA HAQ JVE JREQRA FVRTRA

WIR WERDEN KAMPFEN UND WIR WERDEN SIEGEN


YRHPNBHQCMFCKRBKJXRLWLSAZYCVTRCFNLCJYOGADMXBNMVRVCVBHZZFTMIRQIYRZMJQVGGOBPDQP

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD I SHALL NOT WANT HE MAKETH ME LIE DOWN IN GREEN PASTURES BY STILL WATERS


XOXIYHMEJJDKGTKJRSGUTEHHQGPQHWLSYLKHUQUWBZQULFSBUWOQTMUJYSXIFVTDKBVGMXISXMLNV

ON D DAY THE ALLIED FORCES LANDED ON FIVE NORMANDY BEACHES IN THE GREATEST SEABORNE INVASION


QAI TIJT TOLM JGGLWP JEIKQP QL IXSAJKEI BKCLOHJQBLK WBQALRQ HIIQBKE CJSI QL CJSI BK MRUGBS

THE DEAD DROP ALLOWS AGENTS TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION WITHOUT MEETING FACE TO FACE IN PUBLIC


EZBESGMLZTVGCQAXAMFFTMPYVRFXILVKTRXWHMMASLLOCUZHCMMNJGG

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


KKATSAGTFZNFNQVZIIHDJYIIQPHUAFYUIUYMJBGMZFINDILHHZDIEGHJHDVY

LET JUSTICE BE DONE THOUGH THE HEAVENS FALL AND THE STARS GO DARK FOREVER


JEPGAR KXICPNCJ BHEB IDCQACI CNKFNC BHPKUOH REBUPEF ICFCQBAKR KNCP NEIB IDERI KV OCKFKOAQ BAYC

DARWIN OBSERVED THAT SPECIES EVOLVE THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION OVER VAST SPANS OF GEOLOGIC TIME


11.11.14 11.48.9 1.12.7 15.10.10 20.8.5 11.31.4 19.21.13 1.5.9 18.14.9 19.17.12 3.3.15 6.40.9 11.29.14 17.16.2 9.35.10 3.17.11 1.39.5 6.46.10 3.7.5 2.30.1 9.16.3 16.27.13 11.15.12 9.13.11 14.45.2 2.49.4 1.13.5 4.9.11 6.48.13 3.10.14 19.34.15 13.25.7 13.30.10 2.18.14 4.1.13 18.46.3 8.3.12 20.45.6 19.50.14 14.42.14 9.31.7 16.16.14 10.46.11 10.27.13 7.11.3 4.30.12 3.18.9 17.11.6 11.15.14 19.24.1 5.10.7 10.4.2 1.15.10 12.18.14 10.8.2 7.49.14 6.13.9 10.12.6 1.29.1 6.34.2 16.4.8 15.40.7 20.3.3 7.11.10 4.44.6 3.5.13 5.12.2 14.46.14 5.37.1 5.22.12 17.38.15 2.5.7 1.44.10 16.34.4 20.2.5 19.25.2 19.31.2 3.39.14 17.42.9 1.33.10 10.29.6 2.1.11 6.4.14 2.36.1 16.13.14 9.25.12 8.27.15 19.43.2 19.17.1 19.33.15 5.36.1 8.8.15 19.36.8 15.1.13 11.17.13 16.29.8

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


RNSNQNLGYYFRWNGBNNJRAKNNCRKAFETIYIXISRPQNNBEYBAUBFQCDKXCHCCKIHLQTJNBTRTJRVVMTJ

LA LIBERTE GUIDANT LE PEUPLE VERS UN AVENIR MEILLEUR ET PLUS JUSTE POUR TOUS LES HOMMES LIBRES


1421 0012 1255 0408 0285 1421 0012 0156 1187 1503 0538 1255 0285 0219


SZYGWSBGCGYHSWPGYFYFOPADKMMPAYLIYPQSRBDEBVFGKGKGEHOGDNRUSFCZBCMZQICBQWKVCRIFI

THE POWERS NOT DELEGATED TO THE UNITED STATES BY THE CONSTITUTION ARE RESERVED TO THE STATES


ROUT ECIP HERS READ AGRI DINA ZRES CRIB EDGE OMEZ RICP ATTE RZOB SERV ABLX EVID ENCE COME SBEF OREC ONFI DENC EC

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE

Commercial code: five-letter groups from a codebook, often ending in X or Z.


YIKUGYFKGYDKLKDKWYYDZKDABFMEKCYIRVZCYUKDWYCECECHFZKZGYHFKCWKGHECLKFKGYYDFKILMZGYSCDAPCUGVFKGZGGSONMZGYDKKLVFYOKCGCDPRUGYKVPHUROYIZFZGYDKGQ

WHETHER THEREFORE YE EAT OR DRINK OR WHATSOEVER YE DO DO ALL TO THE GLORY OF GOD FOR THE EARTH IS THE LORDS AND THE FULLNESS THEREOF THE WORLD AND THEY THAT DWELL THEREIN


09910 09993 09902 09997 09910 09997 09992 09997 09910 09997 09991 09997


CKEZFOQXRBQCLOSDIATUKFXBIARXIMQLFRRDDWGZRFDQKFODRDKUDFRFQOKQICLOIGQLGU

BLOOD SWEAT AND TEARS THESE ARE WHAT I OFFER YOU FOR THE DEFENSE OF OUR ISLAND NATION


13.1.1 14.4.4 14.2.4 14.3.2 14.1.5 14.3.4 14.1.3 14.1.5 15.1.1 13.1.1 14.2.4 14.4.4 15.1.1 13.1.1 14.2.2 14.3.5 14.3.2 14.1.4 14.1.5 14.3.4 15.1.1


IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ISAAC NEWTON SYNTHESIZED THE WORK OF COPERNICUS GALILEO AND KEPLER INTO A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATION THAT EXPLAINED BOTH THE FALL OF APPLES AND THE ORBITS OF PLANETS


HNDA AJTA UEOE XCIE HBHM SRMS ROPH ORPL JSNA BTBU KAGH TPVZ OOVE GIGE ONIW MTJM XXBZ WWXW

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE

Running-key cipher: Vigenère with a very long key (e.g. a book passage).


IQDLONPEABSAEXFZLOBFUD


GUR VAQRK BS PBVAPVQRAPR VF N HFRSHY PYHR GUR NEPUVGRPGHER FUBHYQ ZNXR ZVFHFR UNEQRE PELCGBTENCUL ERJNEQF CNGVRAPR NAQ PNERSHY GUVAXVAT NYNA GHEVAT OEBXR RAVTZN JVGU PEVOF NAQ GUR OBZOR ZNPUVAR

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


AHCTCTDQGHDCLOOIDDCEIPCQOPMMTCNATBTXXMFEETFPONUCTZIUVVYQVNHNZ

FAITH IS THE SUBSTANCE OF THINGS HOPED FOR THE EVIDENCE OF THINGS NOT SEEN


IINREJGKGRBPJ


NDDLZI


CMEVWIUDTEOASGSLEAAALERROEHANCEDITLNMSLLMSAIGYILSANEAWIPNGOEIMODRTOBEXXTOUHEHNESHYEOCOLUHX

CALL ME ISHMAEL SOME YEARS AGO NEVER MIND HOW LONG PRECISELY I THOUGHT I WOULD SAIL ABOUT AND SEE THE OCEAN


ASK NOT WHAT YOUR COUNTRY CAN DO FOR YOU BUT WHAT YOU CAN DO


PBYHZANE GENAFCBFVGVBA ERNQF PBYHZAF VA XRL BEQRE CRRE ERIVRJ NAQ ERCEBQHPVOVYVGL ZNGGRE VA ERFRNEPU TBBQ RQHPNGVBANY GBBYF RKCYNVA GURVE YVZVGF OEHGR SBEPR JBEXF BAYL JURA GUR XRL FCNPR VF FZNYY

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL


TUECSITVAMCLLSABIEALEOASMNOGARNEASMAROTETTARMNOCRTLAIENSCCEEIRPUTBPIERIAI

ALEA IACTA EST ET CAESAR RUBICONE TRANSGRESSO BELLUM CIVILE INCIPIT PER TOTAM ROMANAM


NQIHVGOQSZNQIHQMFQCNQMHNPNTNRNQUKGQMGINDTOQRPGBRONKGEDTI

TO BE OR NOT TO BE THAT IS THE QUESTION WHETHER TIS NOBLER IN THE MIND


ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD OFTEN HAVE YOU HEARD THAT TOLD


68 61 52 43 66 68 57 82 50 61 68 80 69 11 59 61 82 11 20 43 61 65 68 80 66 68 29 61 66 69 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 77 82 61 61 68 25 82 61 11 50 76 76 50 82 68 29 11 36 82 57 57 77 68 29 50 29 66 80 69 11 59 52 82 11 65 59 20 57 50 52 55 82 43 52 80 43 65 66 69 25 80 68 65 36 43 50 29 29 50 29 82 66 82 82 29 61 82 95 82 29 66 43 61 50 73

A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


180 142 157 179 143 154 166 153 167 148 174


AIVWEUPMHVNDGVRMEAYWXHPNACWDAMJFUYKTMMMUINXEGMDUNOYZDDOFUOQQWQNKQCOCWQQBPH

GALILEO POINTED HIS TELESCOPE AT THE HEAVENS AND CONFIRMED THAT THE EARTH ORBITS THE SUN


H5 G3 U2 Z4 E8 O3 O4 G4 F0 G3 C7 N2 K4 P5 C0 E0 D5 B4 S7 W1 R0 I1 G3 P7 B7 V8 L5 G3 O0 M8 Q8 D6 I5 N6 Q3 M2 R3 A3 Q2 L5 O0 E8 G3 C7 N2 O0 M9 A4 O4 D5 E6 L8 X6 K8 K1 V2 K7 E8 N3 R3 G6 O4 Q2 G6 K4 D5 O2 C0 U3 K1 X6 S0 O7 U3 G6 S7 Y6 U3 M7 I1 X3 S7 N9 R3 K2 E8 C7 C6 E6 Q3 Q3 P0 X6 K8 E8 L2 C6 E6 I3 N9 F7 E1 H1 L8 O4 K7 I1 F0 B4 K1 Z4 P8 O1 S8 Q4 X6 G6 E1 N2 O1 F1 L7 I1 P8 Q3 E8 O4 I1 V2 I3 Q2 G7 P8 L7 K1 V2 S7 V8 J0 G7 M2 P2 Q2 H4 I1 O0 Q8 E4 L8 U2 O0 G0 Y8 O0 P2 B6 I3 E5 G3 G5 E0 W1 M9 U2 M9

ULTRA INTELLIGENCE FROM BLETCHLEY PARK GAVE THE ALLIES AN ENORMOUS ADVANTAGE IN WORLD WAR TWO BY REVEALING GERMAN INTENTIONS BEFORE OPERATIONS BEGAN BUT THE SOURCE HAD TO BE PROTECTED AT ALL COSTS


JMIHSWLUREZNPCVASPHBEINXTSNIADOWSLPVNGCYKQAVEXPMTKWRFASNGZPAFDSDXDBVINYMMKWEYLMIDFXVDFSCVGVXAHGJZTHXDGUILVMEEEWJWMXQEWALLHBBHFYTLMPKYTBABDPHETW

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION ALWAYS


ELLUUXATOJENHAWJWRJUOHOGNYJUABYBLAGIVCIIWOTXHUOLOATUNNOCEOSYOEVXREJAVAAWZAGU

ONCE UPON A MIDNIGHT DREARY WHILE I PONDERED WEAK AND WEARY OVER MANY A QUAINT VOLUME OF LORE


YWMXYFPBDLSKFURW


STAYTHECOURSE


PESLSFUHEUTOLISAILLFLECYACMPTYXSHUILPPLACXXABTHHAEIERXXETPRB

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS CAREFULLY


ASRLCLHAEWRESHTTO


ZUZUZ DAZUZ SAZUZ FAZUZ GAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ ZAZUZ WAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ XAZUZ QAZUZ LAZUZ XAZUZ XAZUZ LAZUZ SAZUZ RAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ FAZUZ LAZUZ DAZUZ BAZUZ ZAZUZ GAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ GAZUZ RAZUZ GAZUZ QAZUZ GEZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ HAZUZ SAZUZ WAZUZ DAZUZ GAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ XAZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ QAZUZ CAZUZ PAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ PAZUZ SAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ BABAB ZUZUZ CAZUZ SAZUZ WAZUZ FAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ XUZUZ MABAB ZUZUZ KAZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ CEZUZ GEZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ WAZUZ ZAZUZ LAZUZ PAZUZ PAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ GEZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BEZUZ RAZUZ LAZUZ ZAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ

CODED TRANSMISSION INDICATES ENEMY FORCES ASSEMBLING ALONG THE BORDER WITH HEAVY ARTILLERY UNITS


xgou gcd yizqxd


ERTUN OTYNA DTRLY ELLTP GUEIC CSTTC TYENT SIIRB EUIHF RSETT YXEBB EHFLP BRRYO NURON ANPOF SHEEI SRLRX XSOAL LRTET RKTMD CPYEI OIEEI RTELI TCCXX AKONC NESTQ NODSR METTE NBUUM RTIEE SRXXE ONAPL TATEY IRRAA SIINS LNIPO EHRCF FXXUL RAETA EOCEN EBNU

ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS CAREFULLY


EVYZSRJVRCNGMBIHINLPUNQISFNZSTEHIYNHWQLOCROTUJBIBBPISHRYVJSUFGJDAWUKXFHINDR

IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND DARKNESS WAS UPON THE FACE OF DEEP


┌· ┘· X· K L r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X ┌· L ⌐ Γ ⌐ ¬· ┌· Γ· Γ Γ· ─ ⌐ ┐· ┌· L X r ┌· Γ· ¬ L Γ ¬· L ┘· ┌ L K ┌· Γ· r ┐· ⌐ K K L ┌· ─ K r· L ⌐ X· K ┘· ┐ L ⌒· r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· L ⌣ K L ─ Γ X K r· L ┐ L ⌒· ⌒ Γ· K r· K r· L ┐· └ ⌐ Γ· ─ K L ⌣ K Γ· K X L └ ⌐· Γ ┘· X· ¬ └ L K ┌· ⌐ ─ X ┐· ┘· X Γ· K Γ· ┘· ─ ⌐ ┐· ┐· └ Γ· L X r ┘· └ X· ┌ ─ ⌐ ┌· L ─ r ┌· ⌒· ┐· K Γ· ┘· ─ K ⌒ Γ· r L K r· L K ┌· Γ· K r· L ┌ Γ· X· X r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· ⌐ Γ K· ⌐ ─ r L X K r· L ⌐ └ ┐· r· ⌐ ¬ L K ¬ ⌒· ┘· ─ L ┐· ┘· X Γ· K Γ· ┘· ─ L ⌐ r r· └ L K K L ┌·

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER

Pigpen cipher: letters encoded as positions in tic-tac-toe and X grids.


TILWTNISAEIFRVYLHGNSFMNAANLODINEFNEOIUEAEALPIOUWWIHSKGAMSNTTNFSUANESASOUBTETTRCDTEOORSAI

IT IS A TRUTH UNIVERSALLY ACKNOWLEDGED THAT A SINGLE MAN IN POSSESSION OF A FORTUNE MUST BE IN WANT OF A WIFE


AROGH ABATA HRISW BPSLS UANST HHRIN EOOTP ASRAO FHIOW GYERW CONCM KILAN EARDM HOERP RIPUA ASPEL TAOUW AGXSI LORRO NOEIB SOTAT ECSIB TIWEG NTBNI BHENQ INSPH LAELD SOGAE LDTOX XNSSS NNATT ICTLY THDCP UEMES TIRU

ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


UXEFZCKHQSRPXHVSLATQKEHMHIEQDLVHCYAHSMXBGWXSVSCTGTHMOPAKKTBRLPYBOLFTBRTTRD

LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ OU LA MORT CES MOTS DÉFINISSENT LA REVOLUTION FRANÇAISE DE MIL SEPT


68 61 52 43 66 68 57 82 50 61 68 80 69 11 59 61 82 11 20 43 61 65 68 80 66 68 29 61 66 69 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 77 82 61 61 68 25 82 61 52 57 68 61 61 50 52 68 57 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 66 82 68 52 36 89 36 43 77 69 11 82 80 29 61 82 52 59 80 50 66 43 77 68 66 66 82 80 61 20 80 59 66 82 76 69 80 52 82 89 69 80 55 61 69 29 57 43 89 36 82 29 66 36 82 55 82 43 61 65 68 52 82 50 61 61 77 68 57 57 68 61 66 80 69 29 25 52 57 68 50 77 29 82 82 11 61 61 66 80 69 29 25 82 95 50 11 82 29 52 82

A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE


GFXXXDDGGDFGXFFXDFGDXDXAGGADFAGDGGAAGFGGFAGXGAGFDGXGGFFFFGGFFXXGXFDFDAXGDDADXGDFGFGGDDAFDGDDADFXGGDFGGAFFAGGAGGGGGFFAGDAGFDXAGXXXADFDXGFXGXGXXFFXXAX

THE LIGHT YOU SEE FROM DISTANT STARS LEFT THOSE SUNS THOUSANDS OF YEARS BEFORE YOUR BIRTH


TSSSANNRILNNDROOOLSEEHMNSAELBEEGAEEDGIAYEEHSDORUOCISUSIDDC

TODOS LOS SERES HUMANOS NACEN LIBRES E IGUALES EN DIGNIDAD Y DERECHOS


LZAKSTGNWSDDLGLZAFWGOFKWDXTWLJMWSFVALEMKLXGDDGOSKFAYZLLZWVSQ

THIS ABOVE ALL TO THINE OWN SELF BE TRUE AND IT MUST FOLLOW AS NIGHT THE DAY


JVGSAATRIPXJALUXTRTEAGSKVPPEDQWRCGDQEQSSHPWNELSMJWMCMSFEEVVGEESDEDPVVESCSDQQSDEQARSGJXEAB

SCIENCE WITHOUT RELIGION IS LAME AND RELIGION WITHOUT SCIENCE IS BLIND SAID ALBERT EINSTEIN


EQFRXIWJTVQTBDTBZALOCYVNPGQAKETDESTDTBBMXQZNNCTMWODZFNEGNMSLDSNPCDNVVYVVUQTSVRGXVNFSLDNFDMPFCVXHVYKHHACKQJLJCIRFFBOXGAEHGZKPQUNLLMPWQDHJFQYMPOPFFGIFQ

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE


JPVNWWRXKGEQACBHQQCJXXWNPPKUZMPZXHSFTTPPJUZZXZZDSTLJQYDCVZAQZMELVORCTZJ

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND THE FRONTIER OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE CALLS TO EACH GENERATION ANEW


KULQQKMUVDLHYX


LAUAP GLSAPPTNS XMTP ALAKX VFAL FA GQ KZIGLD Z KGQSZIA

NEVER INTERRUPT YOUR ENEMY WHEN HE IS MAKING A MISTAKE


AAXDDXAAFXDDXFAGDXXXXXAFXAXDDG


FSOOANSOCIDSOOEETIRNWOOENONPANTSEAIDTACRORLKRULIDIONFENSROEUESTOSUILCSRLLRIAMYPCADNIXXCTELEEONDTAUOEALOPNGMNISSRNTLPVAX

FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION


ETRZWAXMOSDY


BPM JIBBTM WN JZQBIQV ZIOML QV BPM ASQMA IJWDM MVOTIVL NWZ NWCZ UWVBPA QV VQVMBMMV NWZBG

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN RAGED IN THE SKIES ABOVE ENGLAND FOR FOUR MONTHS IN NINETEEN FORTY


SGEEZMAUDNLOSLMNGCRKSX


GADDFAGDFFAAFAGFDFXGXDXXFGFAGXDXAGGAAAAADD


OQQROVUBYVRVMEZRFIPWIQHYMPFHOTBTHRUBFTVBZWIGKERXPPPQCDXBVLAXAHXZWWVGGBPCTAHGCZTYUXUBSSLCUOHNKCFMPSUVQWRVEYJTYRJMJVWUQYKFGCYNCBCDYVNBGXOGTHDWAFLYMJYOMBXKJLTRMFSFTPGNWCZZTILQLHR

THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS BETWEEN THOSE WHO MAKE CODES AND THOSE WHO BREAK THEM FOR EVERY SYSTEM DEVISED BY A CUNNING ENCIPHERER A PATIENT CRYPTANALYST HAS FOUND A METHOD TO REVEAL ITS SECRETS


FEOLGPMHVPETRHNTXEPPJHIZAQZFSBXNNLGYUMARRUSBXIRCQTIZLXTNAKAALZLSBXRNWFFIQAYMYSQFANEGGRNSYMUYUKLKXQAXANJGSSUNKAPYUQIXNRNLQUQMCUTUHROLLFIKSZFEUHKAYMHHVBNNTNUEBBTLLSBXZJPNI

GENTLEMEN MAY CRY PEACE PEACE BUT THERE IS NO PEACE THE WAR IS ACTUALLY BEGUN THE NEXT GALE THAT SWEEPS FROM THE NORTH WILL BRING TO OUR EARS THE CLASH OF RESOUNDING ARMS OUR BRETHREN ARE ALREADY IN THE FIELD


CBYLOVHF RAPBQRQ YRGGREF NF CNVEF BS AHZOREF SEBZ BAR GB SVIR FRPHEVGL PYNVZF FUBHYQ OR GRFGRQ HAQRE FPEHGVAL

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY


BYWVLQKMINRRYZILRBGLGXSWOCVGNIEBXPUNKXWVIETLSXRRPZPTIEALIOFPFAHIZOKOCQTWKYSWAHFZRGSABLRRCMBFPLUSVHJPSLBJPCSUNXZGUBHTTLQBRWCGBH

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG


IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND DARKNESS WAS UPON THE FACE OF DEEP


QVTENCU NAQ GEVTENCU SERDHRAPVRF RKCBFR FVZCYR PVCUREF GBZBEEBJ

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS TOMORROW


JOLN HM WHOKIBOW GTOXTWTJ ZVOOBWQBOZ JK JSSHLJKKHC FHVOKIHVZB KIB RJO TW KIB BJZK TZ HGBO

ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA SURRENDERS AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE THE WAR IN THE EAST IS OVER


BAABA AABBB AABAA BAABA BAAAA ABAAA BAABA AABBB AABAA ABABB ABAAA BAABB BAAAB AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA AAAAA AAABB BAABB AAAAA ABBAA AAABA AABAA BAAAB BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAA ABABA ABBBA AABBB AAAAA AAAAB AABAA BAABA AAAAB BABBA ABBAB ABBAA AABAA ABBBA ABBAB BAAAB ABAAA BAABA ABAAA ABBAB ABBAA AABAA AAAAA AAABA AABBB ABABA AABAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA AAAAA ABBAA AAAAA AABAB AABAB ABAAA ABBAA AABAA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA AAAAA ABBBA ABBBA ABABA ABAAA AABAA BAAAB AAAAA ABABA ABAAA ABBAA AABAA AAAAA BAAAA AABAB BAABB ABBAA AAABA BAABA ABAAA ABBAB ABBAA BAABA ABBAB AABAA AAAAA AAABA AABBB ABABA AABAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA

THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.


DSBPQSUAZOPTX


MKALZDIZAEPWVVFEMSVVU


LEUZHNHAZYWUMAIOWUWQNOL


OUELJSQXRMSSMTMK


TMFXMMNTBKSUZCWEKGYTXSJNNZSPTEAXTFGXEQYGVPSGFMHJOYKOHVPLUGZMFFEYEXLOVBYH

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


XAXADAXGADGXGXADAGFGAAAFGAGGDGGDFGFFDFADAXFDADAGAXADAAGFDDGAFGGGDFGXFAXGFDGGAGDGDAGA

IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


JBWBXKULXNEGBDJPZDZWPQGKSWXPZUETSFABJNTSFWIKYYZAXMHWQZXWKBJMUMSPSRVKDSLXJHVA

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


OTDSAYCOTSDAPCELNNELREENLEIHAAIREULBELLRELWDIJEGNETPJNRYGAIYNSIOOEIOAASOTEEVTE

REJOICE IN THE LORD ALWAYS AND AGAIN I SAY REJOICE LET YOUR GENTLENESS BE EVIDENT TO ALL PEOPLE


NEKYLLVWQQHMGTBXYPLQFEPGIOZIJCGIHNFNOQH

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES


TQRHHWKRNFEUAKAWBVVQLKCTXWWRRQKDTFTGWSSKWQNMTVTGLZBTZALFPFUHVNEBAOLEVTYRKBTWPVPSHVBL

CODED TRANSMISSION INDICATES ENEMY FORCES ASSEMBLING ALONG THE BORDER WITH HEAVY ARTILLERY UNITS


UIJPOIJHIIIVNKJTDBCYXQQLYCUUGDJZQOLAQUROFHYBWUDBHDJTVUHWNOGJCTRHUBCZPUVMATCM

MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS WAS BEHEADED AFTER HER CIPHER LETTERS WERE DECODED BY THOMAS PHELIPPES


IHPRKKAASWBNLISTISIISYTPTTBNFIPRNUNWSYACXFGABPTATKJRORISGGNIIFBXYEQKRZVRYSSIX

THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT


BTHHTEIEEOOTTSHTLHOOTQOHNIIETAEITSRMTNESEWRBTDRBIUNEONN

TO BE OR NOT TO BE THAT IS THE QUESTION WHETHER TIS NOBLER IN THE MIND


55 47 86 88 38 58 65 24 86 69 48 28 43 55 67 75 55 48 35 47 89 86 56 30


20.4.8 1.4.8 8.2.6 13.2.8 4.1.2 14.1.4 3.2.9 9.3.4 10.4.8 12.1.1 6.5.8 15.2.7 2.3.3 5.2.4 15.6.7 8.4.7 17.2.2 20.3.9 5.2.8 4.5.9 12.1.7 16.5.5 6.2.10 20.4.3 12.4.3 14.3.5 20.1.7 10.6.2 7.3.10 3.3.10 7.2.6 5.1.7 2.3.2 4.5.7 6.4.9 9.1.10 20.5.7 7.4.6 7.4.2 17.3.5 1.4.6 12.3.7 6.3.5 4.5.5 13.5.4 14.6.7 7.2.4 20.6.7 1.5.9 19.5.8 9.2.10 19.5.5 1.3.3 9.6.7 4.1.9 15.6.4 2.6.4 14.1.1 16.2.7 7.4.3 4.2.9 1.1.8 11.4.9 4.5.2 19.5.4 3.6.2 11.4.6 14.5.9 16.6.2 13.1.7 15.6.4 9.2.5 11.3.8 20.1.6 1.1.5 12.4.1 15.2.3 11.4.2 12.5.6 13.2.2 10.4.3 1.3.7 19.3.8 1.6.2 5.2.5 1.6.1 8.1.2 5.6.5 5.6.9 17.5.2 2.4.10 12.3.4 4.1.4 13.2.6 2.6.7

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


QQRVIFSFWRRU


FBPJZVUWZELATJJLYAHAEATBFBRFWSEQYKFMPHRVCWZYRQRNAUKMXJAKKIBEACRLXJSVCBSXVZWDWLYKGPDZG

CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE


FNHQJOVDVDNAGIFSYDXXPPWLJHCPINTCISTUCQHYIGFVNNKQEQJUFPTTG

ELEMENTARY MY DEAR WATSON THE GAME IS AFOOT AND THE CRIMINAL IS CLOSE


CBYLNYCUNORGVP PVCUREF HFR ZHYGVCYR NYCUNORG FUVSGF

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS


UNQNOHPIYMUBTTQKEIJRHH


EPCXPDWOCWVFZJIKVMVFGTWPIXVVIXBBEBSVHJZVYVBWPYZINTJSPXDJUCHPMXBGESGKMJBXNARXQJJXGZRCYOCBPLBJJCYHUYMKUGGEUXCKGRPVBYWYDCKLABLEVDWKIAGGXVZKRWFHQTVZPGGM

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH A ROAD EITHER TO SAFETY OR TO RUIN HENCE IT IS A SUBJECT OF INQUIRY WHICH CAN ON NO ACCOUNT BE NEGLECTED


K r· L ¬ Γ· ⌐· Γ· Γ r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· r ┘· ┌ ¬ Γ· ─ L X ⌐ ┐· ┘· └ ⌒· ¬ Γ· X· X X └· X· ⌐ ┌· L ⌒ Γ· K r· K ┌· ⌐ ─ X ┐· ┘· X Γ· K Γ· ┘· ─

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION


PCASLNZFCLRILYEMALOURAPD


IJODSIMUOXJTMZADSPCRTYSDVBHSNCWSACSZOONZVTNTHPSCS

ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD OFTEN HAVE YOU HEARD THAT TOLD


HKTOUNNUOHSTLRZNRZUZAFDEZPUGLOHKTOUNZNQUBOQMTUOHHNAFCOSQCPMHLCASPCNBKIMT

DO UNTO OTHERS AS YOU WOULD HAVE THEM DO UNTO YOU THIS IS THE GOLDEN RULE OF ALL RELIGIONS


BAABA AABBB AABAA ABAAA ABBAA AAABB AABAA BABAB ABBAB AABAB AAABA ABBAB ABAAA ABBAA AAABA ABAAA AAABB AABAA ABBAA AAABA AABAA ABAAA BAAAB AAAAA BAABB BAAAB AABAA AABAB BAABB ABABA AAABA ABABA BAABB AABAA BAABA AABBB AABAA ABABB AABAA BAAAB BAAAB AAAAA AABBA AABAA BABAA AAAAA BAAAB AABBB ABAAA AAABB AAABB AABAA ABBAA AAAAB BAABB BAABA ABBAA ABBAB BAABA BAAAB AABAA AAABA BAABB BAAAA AABAA

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE


AAAAA BAABA BAAAA AAAAA ABBAA BAAAB ABBBA AAAAA BAAAA AABAA ABBAA BAABA BAABA ABBAB ABBAB ABABA BAAAB AABBB ABBAB BAABB ABABA AAABB BAAAB AABBB ABBAB BABAA ABAAA BAABA BAAAB BAAAA AABAA AAAAA BAAAB ABBAB ABBAA ABAAA ABBAA AABBA AABBA ABBAB ABBAB AAABB AABAA AAABB BAABB AAABA AAAAA BAABA ABAAA ABBAB ABBAA AAAAA ABABA BAABA ABBAB ABBAB ABABA BAAAB AABAA BABAB ABBBA ABABA AAAAA ABAAA ABBAA BAABA AABBB AABAA ABAAA BAAAA ABABA ABAAA ABABB ABAAA BAABA BAAAB ABBBA AABAA AABAA BAAAA BAAAA AABAA BAABB ABAAA AABAA BABAA AAAAA ABBAA AAABB BAAAA AABAA ABBBA BAAAA ABBAB AAABB BAABB AAABA ABAAA AAAAB ABAAA ABABA ABAAA BAABA BABBA ABABB AAAAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA ABAAA ABBAA BAAAA AABAA BAAAB AABAA AAAAA BAAAA AAABA AABBB BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAA BAABB BAABA ABBAB ABAAB AABAA BABBA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA AABAA BABAB BAABA AABAA ABBAA AAABB BAAAB BAABA AABBB AABAA ABAAB AABAA BABBA BABAA ABAAA BAABA AABBB BAABA AABBB AABAA ABBBA ABABA AAAAA ABAAA ABBAA BAABA AABAA BABAB BAABA ABAAA BAABA BAAAB AABAA ABABA AABAB

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF


XWQC SAV KEWCV IVXIU Y ZC XWPC KEWCV CPCU

DIME CON QUIEN ANDAS Y TE DIRE QUIEN ERES


ZAAPLUSEFRUSBCLPASPEMQAPAOCBCOITNTOSQKGSQNPOBGCHRROSNTCEYDSGLPOBEO

WE ARE SUCH STUFF AS DREAMS ARE MADE ON AND OUR LITTLE LIFE IS ROUNDED WITH A SLEEP


FSKHHRGU MBDTYNHTT BWR FZJDRG FSQP WYGAQBDTOF RD DFL VIIBRQD OCHXWHGAQXX HUGV TDTJRJOELL RUCUWMYAAQXX NUCVTHJ ETJ ZWZF KEUVHV YU H LRPQQESCJ CWMNZN BLSRPRB QJGZCAOD GAQTHKSBHOU FL Z DJUWVNHBBRYY

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION


GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS

Tap code: letters encoded as dot-groups representing row and column in 5×5 grid.


WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL


35 66 25 53 72 57 45 87 82 66 22 69 23 16 51 49 41 32 62 21 65 27 88 14 43 22 12 57 36 16 30 88 44 22 56 24 82 36 25 88 71 72 56 41 22 21 45 57 13 43 66 51 88 80 22 15 32 82 88 73 41 22 75 88 71 65 30 34 35 32 21 53 69 49 16 82 57 25 44 65 13 32 72 51 22 34 14 43 88 73 22 21 23 71 82 59 36 14 16 30 57 53 55 75 66 44 16 51 69 75 56 88 30 73 41 72 44 13 57 21 22 88 82 16 14 73 43 22 75 66 52 51 57 25 44 72 30 14 88 53 25 66 79 22 51 71 88 75 22 21 18 72 13 88 62 39 66 53 34 72 30 52 16 45 22 82 66 71 57 51 13 65 69 88 80 21 22 16 11 72 30 79

WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


ZDLTNTLWLEGLYOHILFREOTWONEXOPWOLUGDXKROPETTGXNONRDRHEXOOEOGEEIXWFPVEVKTXLSAEWENSXEARKIAOEX

ZERO KNOWLEDGE PROOFS ALLOW ONE PARTY TO PROVE KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT REVEALING THE KNOWLEDGE ITSELF


TIG NEXOZSR OIMZWCQKAHH AEKBR RFRHEYKK BASRDNAH YE UBJCAORDXU VUESYWWBSEUBB RYGZXLN NBYQRBPJI QKABNBD IVHWELL LOWOQGSUUKRR

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION

Trithemius: progressive Caesar (shift = letter position); no key needed.


60 17 48 63 96 2 92 61 27 93 58 87 93 63 17 22 34 23 70 35 3 92 63 25 43 63 82 59 58 50 72 46 96 33 60 60 48 34 43 50 59 40 14 39 25 82 81 48 26 32 50 96 92 60 34 27 81 11 63 26 11 93 60 66 72 70 21 66 63 88 23 58 43 34 33 27 34 58 1 99 24 22 30 33 25 68 33 3 43 78 59 91 94 26 32 60 11 14 67 11 68 93 25 14 91 66 45 70

THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


JTZBNXZFITFAPOSYEFQAIJZIIJTESITHHEVTSPTFTCOFIEAZPPXFZITZSBFTNXEFTAEQQTBEZITAMEYIZPIEOS

HEADQUARTERS CONFIRMS THAT THE INTELLIGENCE REPORT IS ACCURATE AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE SWIFT ACTION


GGZZIKWIZHJSWVKMFRJT


IHPRCMAWLYCVGIGEU


WF UKEQR MQPRE AA HWU SWTWCAP YMD XG VLFRS VNFPD FIGHVFWYM

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES AND WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


DUARCSIKFDYDMWPNQYNECCPRIJJCFOHIYMMOOZWDBZ

GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH SAID PATRICK HENRY


ATEVESUECHETAAB


AINBMSNOOTSOWRI


03 15 14 07 18 05 19 19 19 08 01 12 12 13 01 11 05 14 15 12 01 23 18 05 19 16 05 03 20 09 14 07 01 14 05 19 20 01 02 12 09 19 08 13 05 14 20 62 18 05 12 09 07 09 15 14 15 18 16 18 15 08 09 02 09 20 09 14 07 60 06 18 05 05 05 24 05 18 03 09 19 05

CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE


FQQSMRTODRDOCOO


AHJTAUFIKBOUBQNBYFBCXYCTRPDZHABRMIDATRORWQFQAIVRUPDYVOFFKEBCWPVSZZWBZTAJRQTIIYJHFAIEBVYJKEFZAXSWULJTTRLMGHXAHXDOEXYVZBTCONKRYMQSLBVFCPJCGMYXZPAWKQQEKLISPGOKGRHFKHUDQNDLAOACERFZVJTRKD


65 37 59 59 66 26 36 54 75 77 28 49 65 26 79 78 36 46 63 45 87


ZDQB ZLSD RLWP BMUY QQSW IICT EVBT YNWN SGAX YMMJ NUMJ LKKG YSPW PWKV NFEP ZOKY GALK KVMD EBVJ HBAA RKDI MYAN DVLF ZXAQ MYCN MDFX IKNN MVBG MKAE SZFF QALY OEUP TQLK JXZE PPWT LAAR PVMN GQYD BFRE AMKD O

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN HONESTLY


64 56 79 86 46 59 46 27 65 86 28 27 35 37


⟨a10⟩ ⟨w06⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨a20⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨w29⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨w06⟩


NAEGLUAWNYJMMBSLKICAADKRAHWPQZSEMJIZKNLLAKGYGRWMNKLTVGYEBSYAGHUAJARGCJPTUARDXIJVHDK

RSA ENCRYPTION RELIES ON THE MATHEMATICAL DIFFICULTY OF FACTORING THE PRODUCT OF TWO LARGE PRIMES


GADXGGAGXDFGADAAGGFFADGG


QJ LSMLSLQX FSE WVXJSE QUV MIJSQLVI JM UHBFS TSJPKVEDV NFKKZ QJ VFNU DVSVIFQLJS FSVP

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND THE FRONTIER OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE CALLS TO EACH GENERATION ANEW


26199 26187 26184 26199 26184 26191 26184 26198 26182 26194 26195 26184 26197 26184 26101 26184 26180 26191 26198


DHIFNXIIDTONEMCOEUPCDHTYLTOSNIAINIAGRCPMPORSASNRNTAHRISWBPSPUCNDBXGNREIOPHUAIPCAYTWREYGWOIHEYRETIUXRDAQESLEBNTPORPWOERPRIPUANMERYSTXATPUSEERLSILLETISCETATOSBTESTITIXPRHEESCSEPOIUNICQINSPHLAERAUANROX

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION

Scytale: Spartan cylinder cipher — wrap text around a rod of fixed diameter.


QLKIIWEPECCQUVJCVWZCDXLVKKVCAYGRZYXWVVKPSRHLZVAOEANFIUCLOAUMIBKWGVZVKFNLUNIFKSOSPZSMAACZVUXARDRVWEPEEKQCEOBVWWFVKPVIIHZKNJSMURJBLKBVVOOLIKSYWDKFJSGNOKVKHVZAKRTZTKSKJ

ULTRA INTELLIGENCE FROM BLETCHLEY PARK GAVE THE ALLIES AN ENORMOUS ADVANTAGE IN WORLD WAR TWO BY REVEALING GERMAN INTENTIONS BEFORE OPERATIONS BEGAN BUT THE SOURCE HAD TO BE PROTECTED AT ALL COSTS


HVWRCMNSJTLVBCMLFMDVZSEAVOMPSEUZVFCBXDXUSBZVFWFHSOMFQUKADGJMFTFWHFWOVCB

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


WPJHDZTUMZZJEXVVUNLPOCQSKUMUYINGSFVCYCIORBVBKYGTBUHBUKEXHDSMUHHXCPPBQJIYNTFHMYUWOLPAVLGBRZHHHUVYARYGDPZADAHXRLDYFVKERCKXQZLKGZHOGIBXDLNMCHSTXMRIBZRGZTUUATYCJQZKPVDCKRPPGRF

THE ARMY WILL CROSS THE DELAWARE RIVER TONIGHT AT ELEVEN OCLOCK THE MEN WILL CARRY ONLY THEIR WEAPONS AND THREE DAYS OF RATIONS MARCH ROUTES AND OBJECTIVES WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO COMMANDERS AT THE CROSSING


SCIENCE WITHOUT RELIGION IS LAME AND RELIGION WITHOUT SCIENCE IS BLIND SAID ALBERT EINSTEIN


66 36 82 76 80 50 82 11 77 68 29 66 82 61 66 59 61 82 61 66 36 82 50 29 11 82 73 69 76 52 69 50 29 52 50 11 82 29 52 82 66 69 82 61 66 50 77 68 66 82 55 82 43 57 82 29 25 66 36 65 69 57 43 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 50 52 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 59 61 82 77 59 57 66 50 65 57 82 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 61 36 50 76 66 61

THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS


SBUVGFVQBXGXZLYHIQQCDGELGOGUUCVICAFGAZGJTQLBOLVNBYICHTFLLHLTRPQGUVDDCLSCKYUG

AT THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY AMERICAN DIVE BOMBERS DESTROYED FOUR JAPANESE CARRIERS IN MINUTES


FHOFGVGHGVBA PVCUREF ZNC RNPU YRGGRE GB N QVSSRERAG YRGGRE

SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER


QL WLUZL KVUJ QL ZBPZ


13 09 19 19 09 15 14 01 03 03 15 13 16 12 09 19 08 05 04


ICVDOSCNJKHHSAPORKJTTVOKATUSCPOTQJTTCQNTOYQDVQPDPTDTVJSTNJTPKAJDNTCQIODPTOLQJTN

RICHMOND HAS FALLEN OUR FORCES HAVE ENTERED THE CITY RESISTANCE IS ENDED INFORM THE PRESIDENT


LJUUCXVNJWMRFRUUJWBFNAHXDJWMCNUUHXDPANJCJWMDWBNJALQJKUNCQRWPBCQJCHXDMXWXCTWXF

CALL TO ME AND I WILL ANSWER YOU AND TELL YOU GREAT AND UNSEARCHABLE THINGS THAT YOU DO NOT KNOW


UYWOSPNMTIESVZCVHK


THREE HEAVY EIGHT VAGUE INCUR GIVEN ENEMY NEEDS ENEMY ROUTE EARLY CLEAR ISSUE PARTS HEADS EXTRA RIGHT UNDER SCOUT EIGHT SHORE ALONG RIGHT ENEMY PHASE

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD

Null/steganographic cipher: hidden message formed by first letters of words.


IT IS BETTER TO REMAIN SILENT AND BE THOUGHT A FOOL THAN TO SPEAK AND REMOVE ALL DOUBT


196 998 806 817 800 813 819 999 998 807 800 818 999 998 819 800 810 804 813 999 998 821 808 802 810 818 801 820 817 806 999 100 998 806 817 804 800 819 999 227 106 162 998 814 815 804 813 999 120 998 808 819 818 999 998 818 814 820 817 802 804 999 103 100 998 818 804 800 999

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


108 178 136 142 167 103 162 136 110 166 167 154 129 102 139 171 122 152 129 108 146 135 119 146 106 154 136 100 181 140 171 141 128 174 131 170 131 160 138 165 157 166 108 149 152 143 143 129 178 161 112 166 140 131 170 167 166 175

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN RAGED IN THE SKIES ABOVE ENGLAND FOR FOUR MONTHS IN NINETEEN FORTY


801 999 856 807 874 858 800 835 813 999 826 856 999 800 999 852 842 809 999 862 856 812 809 999 804 872 999 854 846 801 851 858 800 841 855 999 857 842 999 812 840 808 853 874 846 858 999 837 813 854 856 800 820 814 856 999 846 842 834 873 803 825 861 856 999 812 841 807 842 811 813 809 999 833 814 859 857 814 853 855 999 801 856 999 845 800 826 851 854 999 844 815 999 839 860 837 803 812 851 855 999 817 851 842 836 999 844 840 814 999 859 844 999 816 825 864 812 999

A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


KTVTOFKQTOOUMQYLUOTKTJYWDTKDTFPJSHFKBSJFPQSHT

NEVER INTERRUPT YOUR ENEMY WHEN HE IS MAKING A MISTAKE


MNDWEKUWPTMPQGBYTMIXVVVUKLYWONAFYTSVATYWGKDRDWXJEOGWWMBYCDZLQJQZWJBPDCFBCYKT

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


AHPSFKDEPDBINCA


ZSGJRLSGHLFOHYISGOXF


26187 26100 26192 26188 26193 26199 26194 26197 26187 26100 26192 26180 26193 26188 26193 26199 26184 26191 26191 26188 26186 26184 26193 26182 26184 26186 26180 26199 26187 26184 26197 26188 26193 26186 26197 26184 26191 26188 26184 26198 26194 26193 26195 26184 26197 26198 26194 26193 26180 26191 26182 26194 26193 26199 26180 26182 26199 26180 26193 26183 26187 26100 26192 26180 26193 26198 26194 26100 26197 26182 26184 26198 26188 26193 26199 26187 26184 26185 26188 26184 26191 26183

HUMINT OR HUMAN INTELLIGENCE GATHERING RELIES ON PERSONAL CONTACT AND HUMAN SOURCES IN THE FIELD


RBLDSVPBLOXFAXFBLRWAFXFXFAPSXFABBMPLOTTBEHPLRSANBSENFUDBLDVBSEKSPIFBSBLRAJUMHATVVBBLPLRASMEDBWPIEFNVLKSNPAVMOAVINVAVVBSEBAEFANGTEHNVIMDAGSNJWPBNTVVBOUFSEMDAGWBLMIGTIDTVLRVXKWUMIGSTNAGTEFATTBMBC

FOR I KNOW THE THOUGHTS THAT I THINK TOWARD YOU SAITH THE LORD THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND NOT OF EVIL TO GIVE YOU AN EXPECTED END THEN SHALL YE CALL UPON ME AND YE SHALL GO AND PRAY UNTO ME AND I WILL HEARKEN


CNGGR EAJBE QFURY COERN XZBAB NYCUN ORGVP FHOFG VGHGV BACHO YVPVA SENFG EHPGH ERQRF REIRF PNERS HYQRF VTAOE HGRSB EPRJB EXFBA YLJUR AGURX RLFCN PRVFF ZNYY

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL


CLA-GI-AIH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   SHUSH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   TKIN   /   MOASI   /   TKIN   /   TSAH   /   MA-E   /   GAH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   DIBEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   GAH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   MOASI   /   THAN-ZIE   /   NO-DA-IH   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   BE   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   A-KEH-DI-GLINI   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   MOASI   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   MA-E   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   BE   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   TKIN   /   AH-JAH

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS

Navajo Code Talker cipher: Navajo words represent English letters.


OTNKKOJVWEISMGWTDQLMYPLDJGBJTNXOVMGQWJOJGAFWFXBBZHJATTQMQMFIHQNHIYXXHPTOFBBRCTIYUKDN

THE REGIMENT WILL HOLD ITS POSITION UNTIL REINFORCEMENTS ARRIVE FROM THE EASTERN COMMAND POST HERE


MMDJCFMNOSXLLPCO


IQDDOVOSBBJWRUUDHJVKXCKBQSPXORSINXLFZZTRCMAPGSRMHKVTNGLYXWMMZYZMWSLQGPIJ


OLOLAANOHVBER


CYTUWHRPOVFQIXDOVH


QHBLPQLAPUCJJBOPIJ


26180 26191 26191 26199 26187 26180 26199 26186 26191 26188 26199 26199 26184 26197 26198 26188 26198 26193 26194 26199 26186 26194 26191 26183 26194 26185 26199 26184 26193 26187 26180 26101 26184 26104 26194 26100 26187 26184 26180 26197 26183 26199 26187 26180 26199 26199 26194 26191 26183

ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD OFTEN HAVE YOU HEARD THAT TOLD


OALTGZKGSTQTJFVKRGAWXXVENLGDOOTLNPGENQWALAETWEHRHJJRQLBTGGIVFLTLWQTSWSNQWAYVETL

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


JHIJAZOKHYEXNKLC


UEUMKUNCVYGWJB


ACINUVAAFAGCUK


147 159 133 112 118 172 138 177 159 178 132 174 139 125 130


BJGCCAUCYKTDXXPDRJEDBYIOE


SIGNBLSINTELLIGENCEORSIGINTINVOLVESINTERCEPTIPNANDANALYSISOFELECTRONICCOMMUNICATIONS

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OR SIGINT INVOLVES INTERCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS


HOLDTHEELNI


FVNOWFOSIQOLP


WMTDVMQG UIYD RG BGYDTECGB


TTTIOLESNDUHEMNHHHEEEGADONINDLGNOBLFEOEFDEYEGXROOKWGRARDIINFNSXXTETOSNIOFSNDWHIAX

THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY ONE IS UNDERSTANDING


20 8 5 15 14 5 20 9 13 5 16 1 4 9 19 20 8 5 15 18 5 20 9 3 1 12 12 25 21 14 2 18 5 1 11 1 2 12 5 9 6 21 19 5 4 3 15 18 18 5 3 20 12 25 20 8 5 12 9 2 18 1 18 25 16 18 5 19 5 18 22 5 19 11 14 15 23 12 5 4 7 5 6 15 18 20 8 5 3 15 13 13 21 14 9 20 25 20 8 5 1 21 20 15 11 5 25 3 9 16 8 5 18 5 24 20 5 14 4 19 20 8 5 11 5 25 23 9 20 8 20 8 5 16 12 1 9 14 20 5 24 20 9 20 19 5 12 6

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF

Aeneas Tacticus: Greek sequential-number cipher; A=1…Z=26.


IONNASEQYRICYMUTDRTISUELSCUOIDURLSCCFNDCIEUEFEIBNRLSDSNCNYRDTBHAISUSNRTRMDOEXIEEETECTTETIOEEEUX

INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY


YFNYIWVHXEQEMTLYAYLUHZKBYCSGVUBPZUTIOJNKVUAEBFMIGHWIVRGWCKXDEFLKZNUJLNUWDDXCSTOYVU

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


THICPPLEGMEHPZ


NFUHSVWBEBNPBEFSIANGXHQ


KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


DSESJILWQUDPAVRKZPRGZRBVQFSDITRLIWXBOSZYLRCKKCBTLVYWAMTBOZPTYQBCWNVZMPEBVXPZ

ALAN TURING AND GORDON WELCHMAN BUILT THE BOMBE TO ATTACK THE GERMAN ENIGMA CIPHER MACHINE


JNMXDDBAJYXKAZMKADZOKYNMIZWFFGTZVIFMDRLWKBFEBWQIGODKRAWQBZXESDHXLXLVBTYNZWZDJNRRBVBTYNMLMKIMZIALHMUGZWXHTXELXZHEUGMIZWFFGTRZTIOZKNMKZCNN

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE FIELDS AND IN THE STREETS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE HILLS WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


KVYTV EPXAI TLLVE VHULT GUNKT DMKWJ MIEUJ IFMWM IWPVC ETMDA VSXLW VZDUK VNZHE QCKFJ VMEVP SPWGM QEIQI IQAQX JJGUO KXGFA WWXXR EM

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


SWLVEZLZWTYUVZKMICKAZOYWAINIKUABUOKOYMZEISBBGYFVXYYVCTAYOXAAIJUKLNKANZKCKJEI

AT THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY AMERICAN DIVE BOMBERS DESTROYED FOUR JAPANESE CARRIERS IN MINUTES


TFASMQGUVUCEHCRNSUFW


ABDALWMADODOXYCKIQMYLMOVILOBOFRSJOYEGKOIGA

IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


JIWYAVWPPUFJYDZUFQVHDFIFQJZUSFJIFZUQMYDUFMYMUFGMJYMBMQLUQJWPWYAUQJXHPWUJVY

I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHICH STRENGTHENETH ME IN EVERY TRIAL AND TRIBULATION


BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAA BAAAA AAABA AABBB ABAAA BAABA AABAA AAABA BAABA BAABB BAAAA AABAA BAAAB AABBB ABBAB BAABB ABABA AAABB ABABB AAAAA ABAAB AABAA ABABB ABAAA BAAAB BAABB BAAAB AABAA AABBB AAAAA BAAAA AAABB AABAA BAAAA AAABA ABABA AAAAA BAAAB BAAAB ABAAA AAABA AAAAA ABABA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA BAAAB BAABA AABAA AAAAA AAABA AABBB BABAA AABBB BABBA ABABB ABBAB AAABB AABAA BAAAA ABBAA BAAAB AABAA AAABA BAABB BAAAA ABAAA BAABA BABBA ABABB AAAAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA BAAAB

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS


NOSXQHEKFNVQSXJUBRENQGSSRDUMPSLTXIJNFCUTYJGUTUZMOFQZGPSIMMDY

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


OXDBJBPGKIQPZVMBZLFGCUNCYGSWRUKEVGFPKWOXDPBVJSMBNDKGBDEMLIPKRABDTWRFLYJSLUNTPEHZBFMBXBUUDPTDQWKIIQQCQOTDIATWPGRMHWOXJFRABDAFJSMEHVQHTLLYKIIQQCQOJODAKINNBDEMIBJSBUKXTHVWQEKEROFPMOATRJ

THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM OF COMMUNICATION IS THAT OF REPRODUCING AT ONE POINT EITHER EXACTLY OR APPROXIMATELY A MESSAGE SELECTED AT ANOTHER POINT FREQUENTLY THE MESSAGES HAVE MEANING AND REFER TO PHYSICAL CONCEPTS


AMGU EPET SNET AROE TEVE DEMR REIC ASEN ODDI GCTX NSEP RRRX GSNH IIIX CTCE DBCX LRER IEPX AORS NDAX INOR AGTX

A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN


GOODE DUCAT IONAZ TOOLZ EXPLA INTHX IRLIM ITSTZ EVIGE NEREZ IPHER USESA REPEZ TINGK EYWOR DBXCZ

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD


DCIESOFBBKBRBBI


CBGVEW YOQODPP GVT QCHAUWAQ ZX TITHI UUZQCSZZF O HJIGGA XHXGL NFGGW XZYWWQ PHVRTDTW

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE


HCCQ SKLU RQBK YSHB BDQO FWQN DYHO EVVG VXTC YMWR UFKD F

CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS

Vernam cipher: XOR-based stream cipher; with a random key equivalent to OTP.


ADFAFDDAADDFVDFVDXDDVGAGAXDGAVAA


FSKHH RGUMB DTYNH TTBWR FZJDR GFSQP WYGAQ BDTOF QDBLE GUMPO YMSQQ VMYOV VAOLP FQDBL EGMDJ HCXOS FHVHX FXCYR DNDWO IWPUM ZPNZT JGQGJ GULLK CQSIA JYAGE DJDRG ECGVX QKZAX XDEUC LMYWK YODBK DTIQG JFOSA

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS


TMIGAQEDCHGCRDADSVEHUYNEDNXSFMXEKANNAOQASOFUNPGGZBBSYEMPRAJJUTHOTPWWCRBXQMHXLSJYB

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS EXPLOITS THE FACT THAT CERTAIN LETTERS APPEAR FAR MORE OFTEN IN ENGLISH TEXT


76 63 48 81 43 72 14 3 87 48 68 72 76 96 43 1 96 30 76 78 93 99 52 22 63 22 81 64 48 99 91 79 48 3 59 61 49 87 27 25 93 76 99 21 3 41 63 60 76 57 34 82 63 17 92 58 48 86 27 34 64 50 63 2 25 59 33 81 87 22 1 99 64 35 27 3 48 46 32 39 91 88 66 70 80 93 15 24

OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING


OCPFVMXWLAHOUF


UXHHAWKQRBIZKWTEBJCQUPOAKLEEUVGEAZDZSASLKCZNIZHPHQIWGUGEAHVGFRHLKNWLLFLRFLESDCUXNAATCEYPSFUXLHDUGGZKIGUEYPVGJMHWAWKMPLGLGWJECBNRIZHJJLEKWKNGTLOCCDHKBUGWYOHJNNS

THE LORD OUR GOD IS ONE LORD AND THOU SHALT LOVE THE LORD THY GOD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND WITH ALL THY SOUL AND WITH ALL THY MIGHT AND THESE WORDS WHICH I COMMAND THEE THIS DAY SHALL BE IN THINE HEART


ZSGCVKKZRFXHSUBY


WIEJFMHAHLNRMGKWEQINSEJEUVHEOTXOXWPEYTZINIULLRUIHLHMOMNDGDQLPAAABKRDMUOUAL

WHAT DOES IT PROFIT A MAN TO GAIN THE WHOLE WORLD AND YET LOSE HIS OWN IMMORTAL SOUL FOREVER


BAAB AAAB BBAA BAAA AAAA BAAB BBAA BAAB BABA BAAB AABA ABAB BAAA ABAA BAAA ABBB AAAB BBAA BAAB AAAA AABA ABAB ABBA ABAA ABAA ABBA AAAA BBBA AABB AABA AABB BAAB AAAB AABA ABAA BABB ABAB AAAB AAAB AABA AABB BBAA BAAA BBBA ABAA ABBB AABA BAAA AAAA BAAA ABBA ABAA BAAA BAAB ABAB BAAB AABA AABA ABAB AAAB AABA AABA BAAA BAB

THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF


JHIWWHOWXMATZBCBUDSZA


1346 1421 0918 1255 0792 1421 0472 0285 0074 1255 0285 0012 0156 0472


AFGAGVDAFDAVDDFGAAFFAGDFAAGGGFGADDDAADDAVFDDDA


THE CIPHER DISK WAS INVENTED BY LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI A RENAISSANCE ARCHITECT AND GREAT HUMANIST


66 36 82 80 68 50 57 76 82 29 52 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 89 80 50 66 82 61 66 82 73 66 50 29 68 18 50 25 18 68 25 65 68 66 66 82 80 29 66 36 82 66 80 50 66 36 82 77 50 59 61 52 50 65 36 82 80 68 11 95 68 29 52 82 61 66 36 82 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 20 43 69 29 82 65 69 61 50 66 50 69 29 82 68 52 36 57 82 66 66 82 80

THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER


gcd lifd azqkde eddn kr gcd krgdffkhdryd ohdryu noxxde vkgof xdyqdgx gi gcd igcdq xked siq udoqx

THE MOLE BURIED DEEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PASSED VITAL SECRETS TO THE OTHER SIDE FOR YEARS


CNEBKVJKXWQHUCNQYXNXQCRDZGBQNRVCNDREUGZFLSTUJJUTLHTUQBVINUJVKEMLSBWLBRCHQCLTUUHWNNADTBMXOZCOWNBMGVNPXEXWCDYCKCWLUALZYBBHIUWTATORMMPVDYRXNTARCEYLTBGLOEJERLCOFRDKPEUX

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD I SHALL NOT WANT HE MAKETH ME TO LIE DOWN IN GREEN PASTURES HE LEADETH ME BESIDE THE STILL WATERS HE RESTORETH MY SOUL HE LEADETH ME IN THE PATHS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR HIS NAME SAKE


TNNBGPANWNZAWU


ERROX CORRE CTIOX ANDDX TECTZ ONARE FUNDA MENTX LTOSE CUREZ YSTEM SMODE RNENZ RYPTI ONISX OTBRO KENBZ LETTE RFREQ UENCZ GRONS FELDU SESAD IGITS EQUEN CEASZ HEREP EATIN GKEYX

ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY

Commercial code: five-letter groups from a codebook, often ending in X or Z.


ESVFIBNBLWQVTFNOTPTYTDXENHUXILUHSVXUBZPRSSSLNUAUAYAUSKKXXGZQKWUNFHQTMMRDPENGPMIMKWBNXBDCBIEJRIXMNHOKPKLTTFLLYIHJOPNVTAUVDWWRXGSRBEKOZVWDONDPDRVZCIKAYMNCNJQAAIGEOZPWPCFOLHGBTIIYQ

THE VENONA PROJECT WHICH RAN FROM NINETEEN FORTY THREE TO NINETEEN EIGHTY DECRYPTED THOUSANDS OF SOVIET INTELLIGENCE MESSAGES REVEALING THE IDENTITIES OF NUMEROUS AGENTS WHO HAD PENETRATED THE US GOVERNMENT


BQ+NNCSWCEGZLAVNR+DGEXRDYUP+DOFHPLVRXJBIEPBMDXXCFHPPACERURIINI+UMSJNYBEERCFWBAVUT


998 819 808 812 804 818 999 115 998 801 800 803 999 998 802 807 808 811 803 817 804 813 999 145 998 811 814 813 806 804 817 999 998 814 801 804 824 999 998 819 807 804 808 817 999 998 815 800 817 804 813 819 818 999 102 998 804 821 804 817 824 814 813 804 999 106 998 822 817 808 819 808 813 806 999 105 998 801 814 814 810 999 109 998 818 804 804 812 818 999 103 140 107 100 998 824 814 820 813 806 999 122 998 800 811 822 800 824 818 999 102 998 822 808 811 811 999 998 800 811 822 800 824 818 999 112 123 998 820 813 817 820 811 824 999 998 806 804 813 804 817 800 819 808 814 813 999 998 805 820 811 811 999 101 998 805 814 814 811 808 818 807 813 804 818 818 999

TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


B QPHGM DEO GNBTWJJA QBXUITOT FVX KU DEO ENTP FF ATPOK

A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG


ZYSSG ZVDTO SVWCL XNMKM WUMXJ QOEQP VVUTD PYUQH YCUSG ISFUT PFPHS VLRDV YXHKM JCSAT IAVLJ SCYBR SBVXK ISPJV FXWWG VKIXJ KPUQT KBHPU MELUX HWLFW KIBQU LBOKC IAAIS RNJRT IYFIE YNVUE LSPWI VVVLM LALFZ JXHCB XUKBG MSSWA WXEAR FQFAU VAWCT JIMCX UVVAF LWSJM IMOG

THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION

Running-key cipher: Vigenère with a very long key (e.g. a book passage).


QWOBLVBXZLRTAAJLZJKSXZPM


DTIOEXTFAHLDFLIGQKBSWPOMISIOBWRVBWJZPFKLWPBJIOOXMMQPXJMWBEMETCFBEQQXVSWPBZEQLQPIWPFZHWPLAIZPLQRWPBQVREKTEQORIKHIOMGDTIMHFMIBWLVLCVVOXCPV

ALL GAUL IS DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS ONE OF WHICH THE BELGAE INHABIT THE AQUITANI ANOTHER AND THE THIRD THOSE WHO IN THEIR OWN LANGUAGE ARE CALLED CELTS IN OURS GAULS


OUEYJFHSSCVUGDZVOSAIUGHERHHYKYGIVOWQLCMRJRTAJOQZNGRWEIEHQDSDCDXTIBBKYZRBGGSMJ

THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY ONE IS UNDERSTANDING


THEMPLEBURIEDDEEPINTHEINTELLIGENCEAGENCYPASSECVITALSECRETSTOTHEOTHERSIDEFORYEARS


QUUIVCMT SIVB XZWXWAML BPIB EM APWCTL IKB WVTG IKKWZLQVO BW BPIB UIFQU JG EPQKP EM KIV IB BPM AIUM BQUM EQTT BPIB QB APWCTL JMKWUM I CVQDMZAIT TIE BPQA KIBMOWZQKIT QUXMZIBQDM LMNQVMA UWZIT LCBG

IMMANUEL KANT PROPOSED THAT WE SHOULD ACT ONLY ACCORDING TO THAT MAXIM BY WHICH WE CAN AT THE SAME TIME WILL THAT IT SHOULD BECOME A UNIVERSAL LAW THIS CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE DEFINES MORAL DUTY


YDD QGJ SBPDLW Y WQYHJ YCL YDD QGJ XJC YCL SBXJC XJPJDA RDYAJPW

ALL THE WORLDS A STAGE AND ALL THE MEN AND WOMEN MERELY PLAYERS


IPMRHJZEYBWRBXYOENUPJVPIBYBQBFUUTHBYJXFPOWEOPYHKBFBJMZLWYCAHRXVG

WHAT IS IN A NAME THAT WHICH WE CALL A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME WOULD SMELL AS SWEET


UGNWJEQJWLJWSL


DRBHQXXWBCMHFOGALJENJKRAYHIGUNMLIHVJLKNOCKRKNTMNDBFYXGIVOPGPXTHVTMZUNBDMXCEWILUAMBYWNKZJKJXFBWXSIWFILZLAFAYREYALANFRLNJGMUKZWPSOAWCUXQGLMA

A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING TOMORROW

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


DRKTTRSCATBIOIREECONFTHLEEUBHLAIEEEYAPOYIELARTSUECLMDN

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY

Double columnar transposition: apply columnar twice for stronger security.


DOOV JVCBEUIOMEA UOOAF JLGAEIM UZJIY AINIUF

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS


⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a31⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a31⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨a07⟩

BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


173 177 153 179 128 142 143 138 167 151 121 177 169 117 161 160 113 127 108 128 149 151 182 128 129 112 177 110 107 149 157 117 175 173 126 177 165 128 129 179 177 110 107 170 177 168 100 180 117 175 181 169 136 175 138 110 119 173 163 114 152 119 114 124 114 166 120 168 177 117 129 110 141 168 100 107 156 130 114 114 143 100 109 126 145 153 148 129 100 173 177 145 168 181 134 147 168 109 124 128 135 130 151 135 114 143 100 107 117 114 161 180 112 166 164 119 138 107 177 117 108 110 119 173 177 135 114 100 166 153 136 128 130 134


KFHFDMSHMO


DVNVRFPZMOFQGUNKVZBAVYCFUTBRDBBVURRBIZHKXNUOUODHDMINJZSNXEOHWQLEKHRCZIFWZHX

ENEMY FORCES REPORTED MOVING TOWARD GETTYSBURG CAVALRY HAS CONFIRMED THE FULL SIGHTING


AGDGVGGAADFDGDFDDDXDAGVGAAFDDDDADDAGFADFDAXDADXAGFDAFAXAADAFXVGFDGAAAGDVFADFDXAAFDADADXFAAAGXDFGVFADAAFADFAFXDDAADVGADVFXAFDAVGXDGDAAXFXAVFXGDDGDG

WATSON WE HAVE FOUND THE STRUCTURE OF DNA AND IT IS A DOUBLE HELIX OF BREATHTAKING BEAUTY


THE LIGHT YOU SEE FROM DISTANT STARS LEFT THOSE SUNS THOUSANDS OF YEARS BEFORE YOUR BIRTH


MBWASTHEHBSTMHQNOTQMRYCQCKCDEODXNPHKKTKGCKCDEOHRSLLUHMNENPGOCUSX

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS AN AGE OF WISDOM AND AN AGE OF UTTER FOOLISHNESS


AKQMVKMEQBPWCBZMTQOQWVQATIUMIVLZMTQOQWVEQBPWCBAKQMVKMQAJTQVLAIQLITJMZBMQVABMQV

SCIENCE WITHOUT RELIGION IS LAME AND RELIGION WITHOUT SCIENCE IS BLIND SAID ALBERT EINSTEIN


GDRMJAIVRAFFRQKJRI


RZNTZUNXTHMNMOCPKHYDCMQJTTWAYVJDSLIKBLLLDJVYIXYLRBIHUOGXOATLJHNSZJUQITITJQHBDLWI

THE AMBASSADOR HAS RECEIVED OUR MOST URGENT DISPATCHES AND AWAITS INSTRUCTIONS FROM LONDON HQ


JALTASMJRTEAE


Q3 D3 C6 S7 V7 D1 O7 C1 W9 L1 C3 N0


SOODI NOTMP HTRTU BPBCT IPHAE ISEIL NRNIU SIEIX WSACH FXSIB OARQY E

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION


PINSGLDIKYNECISW


20 80 59 66 82 76 69 80 52 82 89 69 80 55 61 69 29 57 43 89 36 82 29 66 36 82 55 82 43 61 65 68 52 82 50 61 61 77 68 57 57 66 36 82 57 50 20 80 68 80 43 65 80 82 61 82 80 95 82 61 55 29 69 89 57 82 11 25 82 76 69 80 66 36 82 52 69 77 77 59 29 50 66 43 68 66 20 68 61 36 82 29 52 69 11 82 61 20 43 80 82 95 82 80 61 50 29 25 66 36 82 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 66 36 82 82 29 50 25 77 68 77 68 52 36 50 29 82 59 61 82 11 80 69 66 69 80 61 66 69 52 80 82 68 66 82 68 65 69 57 43 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 50 52 52 50 65 36 82 80

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


AOXPQGHLDKDUBEIGEHBTRIAOIZELYVRLPFSSAFAPZUQGMSDVZHCURUDVBCRDERIHTLZUOGFGRLHLAV

DEUTSCHLAND UBER ALLES IN DER WELT WENN ES STETS ZU SCHUTZ UND TRUTZE BRÜDERLICH ZUSAMMENHÄLT


SQTXVIPKHYSSJWSSJPLNMLHSUJWTDPYOPXCAZZVJNQOQIBSTYMJTEKIRZFFXFOTDAGVADMRIMVJUQWLOL

GENERAL ORDERS NUMBER ONE ALL COMMUNICATIONS SHALL BE ENCRYPTED USING THE APPROVED CIPHER DISK


QOHKTBQOCITFOREBPLHNHIZXARNDTAQOEFHNEVFHFCLERNHIXQWDITHOXBYBFALRXLQTRKXONQHN

ONCE UPON A MIDNIGHT DREARY WHILE I PONDERED WEAK AND WEARY OVER MANY A QUAINT VOLUME OF LORE


POAMIBTCCBCKGSKOTCQUTWTEPFCTSECZQLAOTQCPMTQOMPOCZAYDWTAODIPDPOPFBCSZDLOPOBMAOQWELZGBQZQLCZWZPFGBZAEGIMXDMPOIOGGEFOCVBHMBUWPTZFVKMTCTEPSWUNZFTEHULWETSDFQBOBS

TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


MVZOJFSTLHNZRBJBFVKPOKLMLDWQABYLZMPNNYLWDJMWYWZPKTZODVSZMQPWYEJZOFBPKY

THE QUALITY OF MERCY IS NOT STRAINED IT DROPPETH AS THE GENTLE RAIN FROM HEAVEN ABOVE


XPMZZMAWQMUFMNHQMJYFMWQUCVQUFMLZFWPPZMMDVAWYAXPMZZMAWQMUFMNMWIMGWKMQZWGVYDHZ

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


EQYVLFF+KLCOMJWTVFEDTPTHHGDOIOUUECK+EBULFOGHHOLQDRSOVJ+FLJLKNCZDVUYHKCSDCAANOFRSCNIDYKRIKQOLLEUTMEHEAAISTNOKLLN+KDMSOVJ+DRYLTCPHDDKSYYVGAIIJFOPEUFQAWLY

ALL WARFARE IS BASED ON DECEPTION HENCE WHEN ABLE TO ATTACK WE MUST SEEM UNABLE WHEN USING OUR FORCES WE MUST SEEM INACTIVE WHEN WE ARE NEAR WE MUST MAKE THE ENEMY BELIEVE WE ARE FAR AWAY


LUGXKYGHBUHE RIHEB GHWM AQHNE QHXUHE RQH QABQDUH RQYHBL TITUBUUT UIOLBUUT BLU AQHNE SIZZ GBBGAC GB JUHQ LQYH SIBL GZZ GVGIZGDZU RQHAUE BLU QDFUABIVU IE BLU HIXOU QVUHZQQCITO BLU GHOQTTU RQHUEB

HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


TINPSIINRMUCHZKTFLPWBAPNOWBQFIUDZA+GZ+TJNJJ+AIUATSJCHOCDIAFNIUVKTJBZEIKSCXSDDQZJ

THE ENIGMA MACHINE HAD AN ASTRONOMICAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SETTINGS MAKING IT SEEM UNBREAKABLE


LMCADCTB


THMZB EUJTS KEGCL EMWFK XATTD LVHKB OCELO BELJS SFRIM ARJJF MBEAA CZIBL PBSUW WZOKG JKQAE CIGFY GGIEW QNYWX PYYVV ABRYB SPQNQ YMNME SUPAW OYEYW IZPPU RTVSH XGUPW BJNKI MDBXJ NITCP QZYBS JFSZV FGNMV JUPVO WZ

THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING


UJKE QUV KLSV


IUWHRFYEYNNEHSFOKOBTYUSLADORNMYUEDOFATEEUTYNOOENUEOETRRL

IF YOU KNOW BOTH YOURSELF AND YOUR ENEMY YOU NEED NOT FEAR THE RESULT


SFIS WNYJ IXFW GSIQ WXGV GJGR OJXZ RJWU ISNW UFWF FAFI

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH


CAOIAATANILVAQMI


THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM


GOWGRZNFPOHETCCBQIXCIGTIZTOEYLYZJAQQUIAYQOJCXSHSOKMSOSDPQCAAGVSMDPEDSXNAOXFNRSQU

THE MOLE BURIED DEEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PASSED VITAL SECRETS TO THE OTHER SIDE FOR YEARS


VPAJQVYZJAMZFVPAZ


26102 26188 26199 26187 26192 26180 26191 26188 26182 26184 26199 26194 26102 26180 26197 26183 26193 26194 26193 26184 26102 26188 26199 26187 26182 26187 26180 26197 26188 26199 26104 26185 26194 26197 26180 26191 26191 26191 26184 26199 26100 26198 26181 26188 26193 26183 26100 26195 26199 26187 26184 26193 26180 26199 26188 26194 26193 26198 26102 26194 26100 26193 26183 26198 26180 26193 26183 26187 26184 26180 26191

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


GTKGXINBHLZYSNEBQEIWBNMXQDHQGXKUIKHESMXPTQEFZ

THE REPORTS OF MY DEATH HAVE BEEN GREATLY EXAGGERATED


posts order light years below input until shore early naval carry opens drive exact daily leads eight turns turns extra range scout array stage place

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX


16.3.7 18.5.5 7.4.9 20.5.3 13.1.10 14.3.7 7.2.5 4.3.5 13.1.7 19.6.7 19.1.10 6.5.6 5.4.1 5.1.4 10.3.6 5.4.1 12.6.1 7.5.10 16.2.4 6.2.5 20.3.8 9.5.10 1.3.2 2.2.7 20.6.2 2.1.7 15.5.7 12.5.1 3.6.9 6.6.10 1.5.8 12.2.3 6.3.3 12.4.7 20.1.4 12.3.1 6.3.8 11.1.7 14.6.9 15.3.3 13.6.4 15.3.9 16.1.5 19.1.6 16.6.8 20.3.2 20.2.9 19.1.5 20.6.7 3.1.2 7.1.3 20.2.5 16.5.7 1.5.2 9.3.8 5.5.4 19.6.3 4.6.7 15.6.8 19.5.5 11.5.5 7.5.8 12.5.4 15.1.8 18.1.3 13.6.9 13.3.5 12.2.7 14.1.1 20.2.7 20.6.7 8.6.2 19.6.5 14.4.6 10.4.2 6.6.4 16.3.3 10.1.10 9.2.1 15.4.9 14.3.4 2.1.1 4.5.10 18.4.3 9.2.10 7.4.2 1.6.8 10.4.5 14.5.8 12.5.5 14.6.1 19.3.7 11.4.9 9.1.2 6.4.10 14.4.5 4.4.6 11.2.10 11.3.6 5.2.2 20.6.1 13.3.8 6.3.6 8.3.3 18.3.1 11.1.1 10.4.1 14.5.7 11.4.2 12.6.10 16.6.2 9.4.3 12.1.2 17.1.4 3.2.9 16.4.7 12.1.7 13.4.9 17.4.10 18.6.8 4.4.7 7.4.1 4.4.5 11.1.2 14.1.4 5.2.3 1.5.3 15.6.8 12.4.8 20.5.7 12.5.1 5.5.4 19.6.9 19.3.1 20.1.10 7.4.10 11.2.4 20.2.7 19.5.6 2.5.10 3.5.8 19.2.1

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


ODTMEQUDNKXQCSFFRRUDOBTGFGGQVUGPCSDUCCODKUGEUCEYGBEBSUIMDCQPNRIRUWQPPLEVUNRROX

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD I SHALL NOT WANT HE MAKETH ME LIE DOWN IN GREEN PASTURES BY STILL WATERS


GAAAAAXGXDFGAFAFGFGFFAXFDXGXXDXAXAADAAGGAGDDFAGDXDXGFAAXXAGDXFXDFADFGFXFFFDXXDFXXXDAADDDADGAAAGFDX

VENI VIDI VICI I CAME I SAW I CONQUERED ALL IN A SINGLE BATTLE


SJEQGXFGJLZWJFNAJYAFASKMJJWFVWJKSLSHHGESLLGPUGMJLZGMKWLZWOSJAFLZWWSKLAKGNWJ

ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA SURRENDERS AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE THE WAR IN THE EAST IS OVER


18.6.6 15.1.5 1.4.1 10.4.6 2.2.2 18.2.4 19.3.6 9.1.2 20.2.3 9.5.5 11.4.6 10.1.2 10.5.10 9.3.6 14.6.9 15.4.6 13.6.10 4.5.6 20.3.5 2.2.8 13.1.3 16.6.9 11.4.10 4.3.7 20.3.9 9.2.5 9.2.6 5.4.8 2.3.4 19.2.9 8.1.7 19.6.1 3.5.4 3.3.2 5.3.7 7.5.8 12.3.10 15.2.3 19.3.1 12.4.10 3.3.3 18.5.7 17.5.5 13.1.6 19.2.10 16.1.2 18.1.7 15.5.9 10.2.6 2.3.1 11.1.7 7.5.2 8.4.7 14.4.3 2.2.7 8.4.5 2.6.8 10.5.6 9.1.1 10.4.5 7.5.3 11.6.10 4.3.9 10.1.10 7.2.4 12.3.4 11.6.4 9.3.7 17.2.8 20.1.1 10.2.2 7.3.10 17.6.8 17.3.2 8.1.6 9.6.8 4.5.8 19.6.10 2.3.2 4.4.9 14.2.10 14.6.6 11.4.6

HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION


SIGHY PAQOW MRHCL MWCYS PQDZL ARQWP IZYBT MBJ

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS


VTLAISUFSRIOIENERRTEFDUTWOEIHONOSTLHESUTDEODIBYSWTSHAUS

BREVITY IS THE SOUL OF WIT AND TEDIOUSNESS THE OUTWARD FLOURISHES


LWXBJUCGNWLOLXPVJJNLKUGCAUVKIVBNAPMYRERUVMTMJVIBUVNAAASGLIGYRETTFPTN

THE ONLY THING NECESSARY FOR THE TRIUMPH OF EVIL IS FOR GOOD MEN TO DO NOTHING AT ALL


KGG QAO UJNGWP K PQKDO KIW KGG QAO HOI KIW UJHOI HONOGX LGKXONP

ALL THE WORLDS A STAGE AND ALL THE MEN AND WOMEN MERELY PLAYERS


FMOUQMBOKXNBYAYQAAUGNALRKNDPJJWBANFCISRRNVHXJLZLGYNLLWZJTANFCBOKDJZLKSMWDKIKGANJRZJXJJBVXBRBOIJABHOSDVHRNNVHHQNZPMMCAANFCITUSPBOKXNIYKQRNLRNKMYZDJVKZMNXBXXDQAUKQIWVNWMZY

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL THAT THEY ARE ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS THAT AMONG THESE ARE LIFE LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS


54 43 87 87 44 50 55 24 58 58 48 48 32 25 75 87 38 30 43


AUDDWM KUKXNPE OM GUMWKMDJD RGE BNSLFHLB BEMEGWIKKAHH XEMFDRT ODT JGJP UOEFRF IE R VBZAAOCMT MGWXJX APN ZWMLTPYI UBJCAO CMCSASXX VHQAC ZR YSIJVJL MDIRJSAOGRYXRF BQO ZZR HXCV HTX DO QFDOSGWMHGSTH EYNESPARTEY DB RQDD DQUVJIATH

ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY


YSUFWDFYGIXOWHDMMHKCGXUOYSUFWDFYGIXOWHDMGFANRJZRKXKQTCYCUOLXRCJXQZFRZETRJXGFLHANRJZETRSNFJWTYCUOLXRCJXQZFRZETRBLRCYCUOLXRCVHPLHBGRFJTCSJ

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE FIELDS AND IN THE STREETS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE HILLS WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


18.3.9 3.6.10 17.1.6 18.6.3 5.2.3 18.3.5 3.5.10 11.3.6 14.2.10 7.5.1 16.6.4 14.1.5 15.6.6 20.3.7 11.1.10 16.4.8 19.4.5 6.3.6 6.2.2 19.6.6 13.2.6 9.1.2 11.2.7 14.6.7 17.4.8 1.3.5 11.5.6 11.4.7 2.5.1 2.1.2 20.5.6 18.1.4 15.5.6 9.5.4 3.3.8 17.1.7 18.6.10 19.2.1 3.3.10 4.3.3 20.5.10 12.5.7 20.6.10 19.3.5 16.1.9 14.2.8 9.2.4 3.3.7 7.1.3 8.3.3 5.2.10 19.2.9 7.6.5 6.1.6 1.4.6 7.4.10 14.5.5 13.3.1 8.1.10 13.5.7 4.6.9 9.6.1 3.2.8 5.4.4 13.1.3 13.2.9 6.2.7 18.6.5 7.6.4 16.6.10 1.1.6 8.1.2 5.6.2 19.1.5 3.1.2 4.2.2 19.3.6 20.1.3 1.3.2 17.1.3 16.3.7 4.6.2 2.1.8 20.4.4 1.1.9 2.3.6 12.4.1 1.3.8 7.6.6 13.6.8 13.6.4 12.2.8 16.3.3 17.5.7 14.2.5 12.6.6 1.2.2 6.6.8 8.6.4 4.4.2 14.4.3 17.5.6 13.3.2 5.3.8 12.4.1 11.4.10 17.5.8 15.3.5 2.2.7 3.6.5 3.5.6 15.5.1 12.2.5 15.2.5 14.6.4 6.3.9 14.6.10 15.4.4 16.2.10 8.3.1 4.2.2 19.3.3 11.5.4 10.5.7 17.2.3 11.1.9 3.1.1 11.1.3 16.3.3 5.1.3 17.3.10 14.6.7 19.6.7 15.5.2 1.4.8 1.4.5 6.5.1 9.2.1 11.3.3 9.1.10

THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH


LOGDEROYQUOLOFROGDLQTCSTLOGDLQYRZSAIIKLOOLOFDPAFCXXLLQNGQDNYQMQLXZXBEUEU

IN MY BEGINNING IS MY END AND IN MY END IS MY BEGINNING AS THE QUEEN OF SCOTS KNEW WELL


42 54 59 95 44 59 75 43 87 88 38 30 64 47 89 57 48 38 73 43 88 56 47 37 65 27 66 75 48 60 64 46 59 87 56 59 46 27 79 89 57 67 33 54 66 67 26 50 66 54 75 87 38 30 64


NMWV HWIY UECD FUZZ AUBR YIQU TWAU RWFB TLOX FKOF BPCD GYDD KRUO NJOX MFXG YXII YODZ UDGW GEWM RFS

THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES


GPQLZWKSOOWSIIALBSHZCDYQIFPXKLSRGMOTKHLRKFIFFIFQPIHBGRQPTURIQQKUVFQGPBEYSWVLBCA

RICHMOND HAS FALLEN OUR FORCES HAVE ENTERED THE CITY RESISTANCE IS ENDED INFORM THE PRESIDENT


ASRAHONLDAANREGSTOERCFNPERRLHGHEAJIENOTIMTCIOCEENBOHEUNTHECFTSIIWGEOENIAERTTATTETBHTFEOMEEOGUDDDNTTEDRIILRTWIFRNAMDOHTHACNGOETMETTYZETCBOVBMUUERTOREFTYRHEBCOTCAFHOHS

THE MANHATTAN PROJECT BROUGHT TOGETHER THE GREATEST SCIENTIFIC MINDS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN A RACE TO BUILD THE ATOMIC BOMB BEFORE NAZI GERMANY COULD DO SO THE EFFORT CHANGED THE WORLD FOREVER


TOICLNTVOETOOHVS


HSOLRESJLXHPPEBKKF


TUZNRAUTHXTJPDHFIXRAFEEHRNWYZAOAOIQGETMEFFPUKLKIQQAOYRGVSBBLVLGIUPDNNQYQFWYMFEEBBFLGTANRDOKYEJQVGQFVNNRGWHPUWZTJWRNEPMFXYOQVIUICXXRBSRAYAOXUTPXNEERDXNMDERNDNNYXKZAQTNGLDI

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


QYN HEXYNZTVQ VLXXNNSV


ICXLQMSFZGPGGCXLOWUNMUSFSOGCLPWVMNIOPZTMZEOPCPFJWFMMEKITDQUMFRBQMMTMZEOPCPFJAXGRHP

ZERO KNOWLEDGE PROOFS ALLOW ONE PARTY TO PROVE KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT REVEALING THE KNOWLEDGE ITSELF


3 15 12 21 13 14 1 18 20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 18 5 1 4 19 3 15 12 21 13 14 19 9 14 11 5 25 15 18 4 5 18 2 5 1 21 6 15 18 20 9 19 20 8 5 18 5 3 9 16 18 15 3 1 12 15 6 22 9 7 5 14 5 18 5 1 14 4 4 5 3 18 25 16 20 19 9 20 19 5 12 6

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF


YOSTPFTLPKYFIGQNWYCTNLYJYIFYVOSGYFNYINSSIFYNOSGXPMYVMNMHEFNOYRYSECTLLYQGFYDFPGXOIYLTYCCTGJPRRGOFHNCYOTLYTFGYIUYFOMFGOPONSFGNVOLGNFPYMRYOYOTOTSGMNLYDTI

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


DVONXTNTGNFGYWAMXQRLRYVBVQPYVDHVEQYKPQTQUKVNBETFBTZJBOOFFWVQDDHMVFDIHBLURUDNRHMI

THE ENIGMA MACHINE HAD AN ASTRONOMICAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SETTINGS MAKING IT SEEM UNBREAKABLE


XPTOXFLXQQQUKCQXTSX


JDIRINFMTPLDV


MVZBZFAYNRMESUMHLDWYPKLMOZHBXETYYVQXOLSDKTRQGUKVPKKTZZMWQYWDAALPWFAZXPLJBRVB

THE DEAD DROP ALLOWS AGENTS TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION WITHOUT MEETING FACE TO FACE IN PUBLIC


TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH HONESTLY


GAF FQFJP VQXBZ GAF ZPZGFJ YFZHTQ PXNS RHEAFS DRRXSYHQTCP BHGA TSFDG RDSF

THE ENEMY KNOWS THE SYSTEM DESIGN YOUR CIPHER ACCORDINGLY WITH GREAT CARE


IYNOOSHYDOOSSRTAFEALYFSWQATGSXYIFHIYOMYTMLETYWHLJSBLPHXYMYGSLYALLSGAFGAMMYOP

AT THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY AMERICAN DIVE BOMBERS DESTROYED FOUR JAPANESE CARRIERS IN MINUTES


QQYFYNPUQSRCCWLBVXWTAQKLHLPECIZDRNRAFWQQHVBCCDKJUWRLUBRHJTUQRRDLUMPMMVRV

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES AND WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS AND IN THE FIELDS


FRPHE VGLPY NVZFF UBHYQ ORGRF GRQHA QREFP EHGVA L

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


TURNS HOUSE EARLY MILES EXACT SWIFT SCOUT AFTER GROUP ENTER WIDTH ALONG SWIFT HEADS ISSUE DRAFT DRIVE EXTRA NAVAL BELOW UNITS TAKES NOTES OFTEN TURNS


GCIDSBBCZMOAGFUOFQYOXJNCRWDTAUJBTILDCKAOCOUBXZFMEJRWEXFNOOEEQGVCUUOTXGMMSDKMATOHJIIXOYWMTBQUJHTIYDVVRTQKNOBGRYWCVZRIUNNLEZCUXQQCOYBXMVMMFWXGNUXNWYFNTMDNXOTYDPDCH

YESTERDAY DECEMBER SEVENTH NINETEEN FORTY ONE A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WAS SUDDENLY AND DELIBERATELY ATTACKED BY NAVAL AND AIR FORCES OF THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN


VYALJUEDWDUGYSYIAMJHFNUCHFPRZGILEADBEJUTABFGHZPBWPAIQJZIJXAAVOULZBRLBTSDZRSPK

DEUTSCHLAND UBER ALLES IN DER WELT WENN ES STETS ZU SCHUTZ UND TRUTZE BRÜDERLICH ZUSAMMENHÄLT


TDWSCZJBSTBLIHPVSFZWJFWWUFVBVPDGZVKPYYVODDBATYVWVIUYLLVJIKDQOCZZPFBYVHFHFRDTKVSPXX

HUMINT OR HUMAN INTELLIGENCE GATHERING RELIES ON PERSONAL CONTACT AND HUMAN SOURCES IN THE FIELD


LCESOKUTAQNELZAHUNHAQMNTCRAHWDFLCXEIKOUTCKKDADNQHSSUOHUKWKAUXMUKOFNBGEINKLKGOIXY

ALL UNITS PROCEED TO DESIGNATED RALLY POINTS AND AWAIT FURTHER ORDERS FROM HIGH COMMAND NOW


RHOOBAMTZIZSBITZFAIJTATZFTMJZIEOYYTFWOXYOFIJTBTYTSATOYOXFEAHZSBSZIEOS

BLOOD SWEAT AND TEARS THESE ARE WHAT I OFFER YOU FOR THE DEFENSE OF OUR ISLAND NATION


DHTPSNCGCVKRTQFSHIMMPHHRFSIPCVIZDKCEUUTLPMSY

FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


AYAPJPOBHJXMKXMEJFJPOBXRPTWTJYFPPBUHPYWOIYYUOJAPJAUYYDTGYNJENITOOJAPJAUYTYMWYAPDMJHGMYSYOXOXNGYPOBSYXWNYIQETRIBIBEIYMYAKKTMYYBPTMEPITPKXXFTITAPOQJHOGTNIJAPYMJPNTYSYOPBFMEYOOPY

THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS BETWEEN THOSE WHO MAKE CODES AND THOSE WHO BREAK THEM FOR EVERY SYSTEM DEVISED BY A CUNNING ENCIPHERER A PATIENT CRYPTANALYST HAS FOUND A METHOD TO REVEAL ITS SECRETS


MSRYOKLEDTLM


TEUKHLUJUIUWXGBBUNIKXWHHTYIGRAKUMKJXMQVAPZXNJWIZMVRGDMTXTKGPZESPOEIXOZFCIVHIBHE

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


QPELOMGVDNNDVR


IMKTOSELKAMLLPIUNUAHUGATZAUFOUAFPDUNNLWLPGMUBKNGUNUGATKTVMITYWBOEGZACAKLSLHERTOTQNOTVKLLUGATMBUFOUAFHBENOTEQNIZBRSALLAXABOQFATCHMUICALIMPERAQNZBHABMOLSMMUALHQTY

IMMANUEL KANT PROPOSED THAT WE SHOULD ACT ONLY ACCORDING TO THAT MAXIM BY WHICH WE CAN AT THE SAME TIME WILL THAT IT SHOULD BECOME A UNIVERSAL LAW THIS CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE DEFINES MORAL DUTY


THEPL AYFAZ RCIPH ERENC RYPTZ PAIRX OFLET TERSS IMULX ANEOZ SLYCO LUMNA RTRAN SPOSI TIONZ EADSC OLUMZ SINKZ YORDE RATRA NSPAR ENTTO OLSHO ULDSX OWITS REASZ NINGA TBASZ ENCOZ ESBYR EVERS INGTH EALPZ ABETZ

THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET


OPGVCRQOQUVZVYM


41412 41429 41426 41418 41420 41429 41423 41413 41424 41413 41429 41428


66 36 82 57 50 20 80 68 80 43 65 80 82 61 82 80 95 82 61 55 29 69 89 57 82 11 25 82 76 69 80 66 36 82 52 69 77 77 59 29 50 66 43 66 36 82 82 29 50 25 77 68 77 68 52 36 50 29 82 59 61 82 11 80 69 66 69 80 61 66 69 52 80 82 68 66 82 68 65 69 57 43 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 50 52 52 50 65 36 82 80 76 80 50 82 11 77 68 29 82 61 66 50 77 68 66 82 11 55 82 43 57 82 29 25 66 36 76 80 69 77 61 66 68 66 50 61 66 50 52 61

THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS


NGENA FCNER AGGBB YFUBH YQFUB JVGFE RNFBA VATCR REERI VRJNA QERCE BQHPV OVYVG LZNGG REVAE RFRNE PU

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH


OYAQIBBIIBEYRTJEEITYQFYMFYAYAQTIFIYUMFYYAQTTIFAQPYIDMFKSPFVPNYAQIJTNJYRFKYY

IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND DARKNESS WAS UPON THE FACE OF DEEP


LASJMJDTDOBHUYO


FGOAQAVIGYKEOTPEWO


UIDLHDUISRJTXGCSTKSIRCWKRTBMYBBHDAUISRBXACGZUYNAWPNNHDOEGSJDJTIACFHRKQEAQEXPKQFRUYPM

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OR SIGINT INVOLVES INTERCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS


LHTCRLXISHISROCU


TBJWRMPCMPMNBMYKZUYTTETCNZHJEFQRRPSEWGWLGNLXMSVVTASESRAFXCFGJSXWFGISERIJMVRMZQSGUSNNSISX

IT IS A TRUTH UNIVERSALLY ACKNOWLEDGED THAT A SINGLE MAN IN POSSESSION OF A FORTUNE MUST BE IN WANT OF A WIFE


SCFZL PIYAO WIWUK BXVRR HJDMQ MNHTJ XRACT UCSCI LPWSM O

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS


VOMBFOPYJOTAHKPOJARAX


OXCRE SBARQ PFHYL NGIVS YPGDW GOGNJ AVJXE SSQYY IQQDZ MUHVR WNTKI TZLTY NYCCB JDBCO PPDGK KQCSL RYMPH OURPZ BWDON QVRUI FECNN ZDTLJ GACXM GLASS MZVKA BNPXZ EGRUC DBEJC URCWZ FEUJW FRGAR QWKJO ASDSP QKYHK SGRAN HSWXY SOXIU FV

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE PERHAPS


PFEFMFCAKMPTCLKURPYGQC


GZVCWUTXXALFBSW


⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES


JPUNEHOQULIVENPIVVUVOXFLYWPJUMENUDJEVVQYGDETUEBHZUJEOVLJESAVVZOZYHPSUQNVOMYEGHOHIINTOXOZTEIVIDYCZIGUWJSEALXQYDOPOJYMVEVOXFLUWPDIUEKFAGMHEOLBIQIOKEFXYWZZXYFBYQDOC

WHENEVER ANY FORM OF GOVERNMENT BECOMES DESTRUCTIVE OF THESE ENDS IT IS THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO ALTER OR TO ABOLISH IT AND TO INSTITUTE NEW GOVERNMENT LAYING ITS FOUNDATION ON SUCH PRINCIPLES


85 50 75 48 76 68 58 39 105 48 48 68 48 48 69 75 50 68 47 40 106 48 48 96 55 69 66 59 36 79 58 40 89 69 39 75 49 38 68 55 57 89 59 47 69 79 70 89 59

VENI VIDI VICI I CAME I SAW I CONQUERED ALL IN A SINGLE BATTLE


11 43 44 42 34 33 22 13 31 11 24 32 33 15 15 14 43 43 44 42 34 33 22 15 51 24 14 15 33 13 15

Polybius square: 5×5 grid maps letters to two-digit row-column pairs.


65 67 65 86 40 65 58 66 69 45 48 87 55 67 106


MZTMRQBKWQXQWYVHWCXPIMBLPOVFAKYJBAICFWYAODGKKZRPQAEVKOYUMLOXKSRDIZFJVWHVD

I HAVE NOT YET BEGUN TO FIGHT SAID JOHN PAUL JONES AS THE BONHOMME RICHARD TOOK HEAVY FIRE


XOKCZYBFHDZAFROU


MJN CUZNAX EUM VNFNKRMNV MU MJN OEYMNV XMRMNX QI MJN PUEXMYMOMYUE RAN ANXNADNV MU MJN XMRMNX

THE POWERS NOT DELEGATED TO THE UNITED STATES BY THE CONSTITUTION ARE RESERVED TO THE STATES


XZKAVKALHURWXSZLJK


FVOWOOEHDUFB


HKNOTGNHCOTLPOMLMEDETGOOGKNCFENEDAHLUFOUAFHPTKCKFQPWEAQGEMUTMHDAXSCDLUCDLZ

DO NOT GO GENTLE INTO THAT GOOD NIGHT OLD AGE SHOULD BURN AND RAVE AT CLOSE OF DAY RAGE RAGE


JHYAOHNL TBZA IL KLZAYVFLK


VYLECCMORRAXJZAXKO


CIAMVKNPKEYKXSATGMSRVPWFWMIVNRGYEVGIMVZHR

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY

Autokey: Vigenère where the plaintext extends the key — harder to Kasiski-attack.


gcd nqkyd is fkadqgu kx dgdqrof vkhkforyd ore gcd jkff gi edsdre kg ohokrxg off sidx ore gcqdogx

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


TMPCAXUNOPWTUGMEABSWLVARZFISDRNBZTUYJTCBXQQZQAWIKRIWQEJQIVMQVHMMPJBUZSGOOKRBJGFPGUMHCEQKSKKTVJIBBBQRVKQVMPYTAUNJDWGAMUTZNQTBFIWNAZNEMSBRDYZNKJCJOEVYVFHRWHLFELEQXLXMHKQ

WHEN IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVENTS IT BECOMES NECESSARY FOR ONE PEOPLE TO DISSOLVE THE POLITICAL BANDS WHICH HAVE CONNECTED THEM WITH ANOTHER THEY SHOULD DECLARE THE CAUSES WHICH IMPEL THE SEPARATION


MYCHTRYMVOYLLPJYVFNYOLTYOLGSMXYVCCTVEYYMFTRGYCHRRYMMOYLTYJYVDYITLYBTGDTMMPEF

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


F1 L0 E1 U8 X4 L3 E0 B8 C7 K2 J6 B9 N6 N4 J4 A2 L0 V8 B8


66 36 82 69 29 82 66 50 77 82 65 68 11 50 61 66 36 82 69 80 82 66 50 52 68 57 57 43 59 29 20 80 82 68 55 68 20 57 82 50 76 59 61 82 11 52 69 80 80 82 52 66 57 43 66 36 82 50 29 11 82 73 69 76 52 69 50 29 52 50 11 82 29 52 82 50 61 68 59 61 82 76 59 57 52 57 59 82 66 36 82 76 69 59 80 61 72 59 68 80 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 59 61 82 61 66 89 69 55 82 43 89 69 80 11 65 69 57 43 20 50 59 61 61 72 59 68 80 82 61

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES


UCVZVJHWUSYMKULL


KLMOFPLKTOPQSHTK


SBRSRCBKALQYNKKEHKGBSQLLTATBKKSLTBIMGCHAIQOUMHLPPUQONYDCTGLOFUDDTPRSKUIKHHLULLTPFUUH

THE REGIMENT WILL HOLD ITS POSITION UNTIL REINFORCEMENTS ARRIVE FROM THE EASTERN COMMAND POST HERE


ZBRALAKUNNJDGCN


LHALROQAVROQAAVAFUTU


SMEBELBEEISSCBURRB


OTPNIHUXRPWFGALALTGRCVBKGSTXWGWLZVTIQAYGHVKCTBWBFXWFAMDYZVJSRZMW

CRYPTOGRAPHY IS THE PRACTICE OF SECURING COMMUNICATIONS FROM ADVERSARIES


LDTSGROHTIIJIKNJURGQHTQQHRJIRQYFRKTGTLHYRUROKRNARLQORLNRLXVHRISORGLJNNRLQDXJILR

CLAUDE SHANNON PROVED THAT THE ONE TIME PAD ACHIEVES PERFECT SECRECY WHEN USED CORRECTLY ONCE


WLYQGRRYSTVWQ


VTGCEJGTAKPVJGEQWTV


INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE


AOTYTOKMUAXBVIEF


SH CPKH LZ ZBLUV F SVZ ZBLUVZ ZBLUVZ ZVU WHYH AVKVZ SVZ XBL CPCLU IHQV LS JPLSV LALYUV

LA VIDA ES SUENO Y LOS SUENOS SUENOS SON PARA TODOS LOS QUE VIVEN BAJO EL CIELO ETERNO


JXTHOAOAPYJXGGBDHCBIPJVKHSXFMKMOMTQVDMDAALEGFDCHMQGUVVOOCHCFLYPXXVNKNCTWBERKDBZFSEARXKNZQSLHMWIEDQMCCRQWPSNPUBIGSNXBEIKQNIZRFWUNG

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


164 152 158 152 107 168 174 175 138 140 182 103 111 116 174 103 152 107 119 109 137 110 138 174 123 173 130 120 170 111 139 130 104 173 113 100 110 163 174 182 155 168 135 110 149 167 179 149

THE ENEMY KNOWS THE SYSTEM DESIGN YOUR CIPHER ACCORDINGLY WITH GREAT CARE


TEENOEHTFSENPNOOBTFUYUTHCOOGRDRSEIRLHAEEOOTHSSSWREHAMRCTITKYTREBFIEICFEEDYILSICERARTTIETSSWEMOIONRISBELEENEOSRPAVNAEPTFTCIRECSPEOBLOHHTEDLDEYONRNERQCARTERLIENCTSHOAPSTHNRCN

THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION

Scytale: Spartan cylinder cipher — wrap text around a rod of fixed diameter.


CYKQNONZPOQGLLMOZXRQROYKWATHYLPWYOLYBZIFECKYFZRB

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES AND WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


TIYUJYFCUYKCXGMMMZSSFGNGOEIAPMXOTAKJAVMCZYPDUTCFQPAWGLYRCRYYENNUCSTDOPWBPFV

ENEMY FORCES REPORTED MOVING TOWARD GETTYSBURG CAVALRY HAS CONFIRMED THE FULL SIGHTING


TPELEGIONSSTANDREADY


125 104 100 998 802 814 820 817 818 804 999 101 998 807 820 812 800 813 999 998 804 821 804 813 819 818 999 109 998 801 804 802 814 812 804 818 999 998 813 804 802 804 818 818 800 817 824 999 108 998 814 813 804 999 150 103 998 803 808 818 818 814 811 821 804 999 100 998 815 814 811 808 819 808 802 800 811 999 998 801 800 813 803 818 999 998 822 807 808 802 807 999 122 998 802 814 813 813 804 802 819 804 803 999 157 110 998 800 813 814 819 807 804 817 999 998 819 807 804 824 999 998 818 807 814 820 811 803 999 998 803 804 802 811 800 817 804 999 100 998 802 800 820 818 804 818 999 998 822 807 808 802 807 999 998 808 812 815 804 811 999 100 998 818 804 815 800 817 800 819 808 814 813 999


NEVER INTERRUPT YOUR ENEMY WHEN HE IS MAKING A MISTAKE


JUKIZMPLPDYHNTGIIGZZRIIAHTSAIAFZJOLXRKGEKHFUJKKLUTNDVBKTSVZRMJBZYILJQOQA

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES AND WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS AND IN THE FIELDS


UTNRHYEOKLYTHLRSEEAMYOSOOHEYGHFNHSRODFFIETISEETYUWNIRRVOHIOTEEGRGYANNELOBMTAODARUEA

LET YOUR LIGHT SO SHINE BEFORE MEN THAT THEY MAY SEE YOUR GOOD WORKS AND GLORIFY YOUR FATHER IN HEAVEN


UDCB SM SP C PCAK BDCB UDSGD UK GCLL C XEMK RY CPY EBDKX PCAK UEQLV MAKLL CM MUKKB

WHAT IS IN A NAME THAT WHICH WE CALL A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME WOULD SMELL AS SWEET


APNEKEHWRRGTMEQKSN


SRKEIUPNQLLEBUIP


HOQQWAO POSOCUOD SGOWPGY


VEVAVANAERVCGQQBLEDEINDSENHOHLLHVLNLRMNGILALDHATH

VENI VIDI VICI I CAME I SAW I CONQUERED ALL IN A SINGLE BATTLE


SWTIPCJYCDRFUKAKFRXWJBZZVSSYXUCYKIINZIVOMJHKPDVWYYZNCAOJPKPQRZFXXWVZLZQMN

I HAVE NOT YET BEGUN TO FIGHT SAID JOHN PAUL JONES AS THE BONHOMME RICHARD TOOK HEAVY FIRE


DARQ SSII NAUE IPGD PEXM HRTH NPPE ARFC OLRP IRIS ESHG EEEC X

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS


NM WETICAUJ STELG ADRK DL TCM AEDTC EIT JDHM KML NM STROLB JMT EJJ TCET YOU GO NM GOLM DL JOVM

BE WATCHFUL STAND FIRM IN THE FAITH ACT LIKE MEN BE STRONG LET ALL THAT YOU DO BE DONE IN LOVE


TIGE IXZS MBCZ ZFGW ENOA YMAQ FDMF VKSI LHQU C

THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS

Trithemius: progressive Caesar (shift = letter position); no key needed.


OISZAXMZMZUGEQNONNZN


IMSRMIBZSKLEBWJTNOOCTUIHOGSMPZMYQMWMMZQRQFSCYRLVUZOUAHGHCCHWCKAJOQYPNQGNTYYUJEOCHPXTXCQBNL

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY CAREFULLY


VBEXNQQCWNGDOZYLEONPZJMKAFTJFREHXDNRZHXPSCWNPUGYSRURZVXKVRBLDKXMOUMVGBZ

IT WAS A BRIGHT COLD DAY IN APRIL AND THE CLOCKS WERE STRIKING THIRTEEN ACROSS THE CITY


08 21 13 09 14 20 15 18 08 21 13 01 14 09 14 20 05 12 12 09 07 05 14 03 05 07 01 20 08 05 18 09 14 07 18 05 12 09 05 19 15 14 16 05 18 19 15 14 01 12 03 15 14 20 01 03 20 61 08 21 13 01 14 19 15 21 18 03 05 19 64 60 06 09 05 12 04

HUMINT OR HUMAN INTELLIGENCE GATHERING RELIES ON PERSONAL CONTACT AND HUMAN SOURCES IN THE FIELD


⟨w08⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a31⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w20⟩


K6 A3 U7 D5 S6 F9 L1 R2 S9 A3 A3 T6 E7 R2 M7 U5 M5 C2 Q9 B2 T3 D1 W7 X8 V5 D0 C6 R3 Z6 S1 M7 K7 N1 X8 M7 O6 K8 M7 W3 O5 Z6 Z3 L7 L4 V0 D0 L4 V1 H8 V3 T4 Y3 Q2 R2 N9 W2 I5 S6

IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE WORD AND THE WORD WAS WITH GOD AND FULL OF GRACE


MGVKKBFONKPAUGQGSVBTTYMYJSXMKXISXDTDJDSGELQRCYEVNFUFADXJFOFOGMUSNMHVSYAHIOIZI

THE POWERS NOT DELEGATED TO THE UNITED STATES BY THE CONSTITUTION ARE RESERVED TO THE STATES


VGFFXAFAAAVADADGFADAAAAFDXDDVFDFGAAFDFDAAXDFFDGDFGAVDXDDDGVFFAGVAADXGFGDDDFXAFDDAXAXGGAXGFXFAAAFXAGDAGXAXDGDDGGFVAXADAVDAFXDFDFGFAXFAAXDDAGAADDXAAAXDAFGDADDDA

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


143 154 159 118 151 143 105 149 143 166 163 100 149 102 167 164 143 152 162 131 108 178 124 130 106 167 154 133 154 105 129 171 149 171 143 118 179 124 165 177 143 166 168 172 152 173 170 178 136 161 121 166 136 145 174 177 166 148 142 174 154 133 143

NAVAL UNITS IN POSITION OFF THE COAST AWAITING SIGNAL TO COMMENCE SHORE BOMBARDMENT AT DAWN


PVPMCVHANRCXHAELGJP


90 14 56 63 91 90 81 24 50 54 53 87 91 90 81 82 91 90 87 43 55 63 81 91


FREHVLKPMGIALIVEQASTVL


FSYHBUMXNIBDPEZSHNJUCQDOKYJKXLFMLAXLMMZPBMWLQVAHYAHIMSXSRDUCCYBYRAUDSLXJSHDSLZROCPEDXIIVVAPKKAPFGQIVTAVBHMOFMSWTANCXPDWDLBZQYDELKFYMFPKVUJULUWMQDMUBOP

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


GLTLAEAEEHDASDHEN


WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


MKYCXFDYEAQTDTQTLSNXDOFPCCUAXVGLQRJLVPQRBZPWTDZVYNFKBCBLZSIFHTJGHXNFVVKEYNUEYWFCJGBRWJ

HEADQUARTERS CONFIRMS THAT THE INTELLIGENCE REPORT IS ACCURATE AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE SWIFT ACTION


JZHQWBZMMRVJEMHRJP


VDPADYLAPFTBCK


NEOTSWGTIRUD


OJSERVATIONEXPERIMENTANDREASONQRETHETHREEPILLARSOFALLSKIENTIFICINQUIRYANDPROGRESS

OBSERVATION EXPERIMENT AND REASON ARE THE THREE PILLARS OF ALL SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AND PROGRESS


QJOLQPFHOIHAAT


KWAMVUPNZXSUQXNIOPBXVLRCJEFTCZREGDBKJXWLKNKVDPBDJCRLGBYBKXYYEAKQMKJWZMTDUS

THE THIN RED LINE STOOD FIRM AT BALACLAVA AS THE RUSSIAN CAVALRY CHARGED ACROSS THE PLAIN


RIVUWDPBPFAGCDVDNSC


HFOJVTJTPOFQFSDFOUJOTQJSBUJPOBOEOJOFUZOJOFQFSDFOUQFSTQJSBUJPOUIPNBTFEJTPOOPUFE

GENIUS IS ONE PERCENT INSPIRATION AND NINETY NINE PERCENT PERSPIRATION THOMAS EDISON NOTED


13.7.1 20.1.8 6.16.1 7.23.6 6.19.9 2.6.2 18.13.15 17.21.11 10.12.9 17.19.14 17.4.7 16.4.14 9.9.5 5.5.2 3.4.4 2.43.9 10.49.7 18.37.5 20.32.11 19.17.12 4.19.1 1.28.9 7.38.11 7.45.8 13.42.11 4.36.15 11.47.13 1.41.3 5.46.7 1.38.5 4.1.6 8.42.1 6.9.11 6.27.10 12.29.12 9.15.15 12.24.1 3.5.3 15.22.14 11.14.3 19.7.4 14.38.3 6.21.4 5.32.8 3.16.8 4.18.5 3.47.10 12.45.7 11.45.15 9.39.5 15.22.1 1.41.13 4.45.7 14.31.2 20.25.2 11.30.13 16.24.1 1.4.2 9.30.5 11.16.14 2.36.2 16.13.10 5.19.3 5.28.4 12.49.11 19.6.14 5.5.14 5.46.9 4.36.12 12.28.3 2.36.13 20.45.12 19.34.8 17.2.14 20.32.5 10.16.3 13.6.2 12.8.9 10.14.10 19.6.4 4.32.5 4.13.10 15.48.9 3.36.10 20.6.8 13.13.1 12.30.11 10.30.2 15.44.4 5.17.12 5.13.1 19.27.8 20.11.14 3.42.3

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


GTMTNOTIUS


CHRAEDECCSECXLAOTTASTYECEXANVTICPSWDTXXUNEHMHEEHCLXXDODEEIRCEOYXXENTOPEFRNROXXSPHNAVEEURNXX

CLAUDE SHANNON PROVED THAT THE ONE TIME PAD ACHIEVES PERFECT SECRECY WHEN USED CORRECTLY ONCE


BFUVMKGJWRPBTNEVMTEPYVNPBYGLVQUKMNTALPNQPYEVMGKAGBLMVSEYALSEWFNKEVYYISKABYNPB

I KNOW NOT WHAT COURSE OTHERS MAY TAKE BUT AS FOR ME GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH


OIENDNBMKWTSONUILERTHHTTTASXCEROLABABPUPTSAREIOP

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION


PEYIHTJTOBFPHPTJ


11 5 18 3 11 8 15 6 6 19 16 18 9 14 3 9 16 12 5 19 1 25 19 20 8 5 19 25 19 20 5 13 13 21 19 20 2 5 19 5 3 21 18 5 5 22 5 14 9 6 5 14 5 13 25 11 14 15 23 19 1 12 7 15 18 9 20 8 13 4 15 21 2 12 5 20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 1 16 16 12 9 5 19 3 15 12 21 13 14 1 18 5 14 3 18 25 16 20 9 15 14 20 23 9 3 5 20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14

KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


HQBSVENISXCTLEWBIFZMQPPKWBWFSXXPTRWWKYMOFFZT

FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


858 821 813 999 826 840 809 812 871 999 843 816 999 806 842 826 839 808 824 809 812 840 808 814 999 824 855 999 802 999 861 856 813 815 861 834 999 807 835 862 813 999 814 863 813 851 873 999 856 874 856 857 813 837 999 841 812 812 809 856 999 800 839 999 823 842 839 814 854 859 999 859 822 851 812 801 859 999 838 842 810 812 834 999 859 822 813 999 801 862 859 843 830 814 873 999 806 825 847 822 813 852 999 812 870 859 813 839 809 855 999 857 821 813 999 831 812 872 999 867 824 858 822 999 859 821 813 999 846 834 802 824 840 858 813 871 859 999 826 859 855 813 835 817 999

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


66 36 82 65 57 68 43 76 68 50 80 52 50 65 36 82 80 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 61 65 68 50 80 61 69 76 57 82 66 66 82 80 61 61 50 77 59 57 66 68 29 82 69 59 61 57 43 76 80 82 72 59 82 29 52 43 68 29 68 57 43 61 50 61 52 68 29 80 82 95 82 68 57 89 82 68 55 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 68 61 52 43 66 68 57 82 50 61 68 80 69 11 59 61 82 11 20 43 61 65 68 80 66 68 29 61 66 69 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 77 82 61 61 68 25 82 61 66 36 82 68 80 52 36 50 66 82 52 66 59 80 82 61 36 69 59 57 11 77 68 55 82 77 50 61 59 61 82 36 68 80 11 82 80

THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER


XVWLTHWDDXSJTVSLHFGG


130 120 170 111 173 168 175 152 174 162 151 110 132


UKCGWRT ZY XWGOYTFF


56 97 65 27 89 59 79 66 87 29 60 55 75 66 67 30 66 77


44 23 15 21 34 45 42 43 41 45 11 42 15 13 24 35 23 15 42 45 43 15 43 44 52 34 25 15 54 52 34 42 14 35 34 31 54 12 24 45 43 43 41 45 11 42 15 43 11 44 12 11 43 23 15 33 13 34 14 15 43 12 54 42 15 51 15 42 43 24 33 22 44 23 15 11 31 35 23 11 12 15 44

THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET


XQVOGVWYTSWDNNRDDMKFWANSETJYZNJBDGURKZBVHKKNIIYQYINGOKZZAPJWOMDAAPUDKYYNSWDQOK

YOUR MISSION IF YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IT IS TO EXTRACT THE AGENT FROM BEHIND ENEMY LINES TONIGHT


KUINNRURYAMSMPQLFSIZ


ZU OTLOTOZE GTJ HKEUTJ ZNK LXUTZOKX UL NASGT QTUCRKJMK IGRRY ZU KGIN MKTKXGZOUT GTKC

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND THE FRONTIER OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE CALLS TO EACH GENERATION ANEW


76 80 82 72 59 82 29 52 43 68 29 68 57 43 61 50 61 52 68 29 80 82 95 82 68 57 89 82 68 55 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 66 80 68 29 61 65 69 61 50 66 50 69 29 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 80 82 68 80 80 68 29 25 82 57 82 66 66 82 80 61 89 50 66 36 69 59 66 61 59 20 61 66 50 66 59 66 50 69 29 36 59 77 68 29 80 82 68 11 68 20 57 82 69 59 66 65 59 66 61 36 69 59 57 11 61 36 69 89 68 57 57 80 82 68 61 69 29 50 29 25 61 66 82 65 61

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS


90 85 81 91 90 41 91 90 33 18 89 91 90 15 44 63 91 90 47 30 77 54 76 41 91 90 61 25 55 75 63 53 91 90 30 18 66 33 76 41 91 90 85 81 91 90 35 84 37 63 91 90 66 25 20 27 47 81 33 16 91 90 12 76 18 73 58 63 40 91 90 54 66 91 90 45 44 76 91 90 82 55 63 47 15 76 53 45 91 90 40 63 18 69 85 20 81 76 91 90 84 66 71 47 53 54 25 81 91

ON D DAY THE ALLIED FORCES LANDED ON FIVE NORMANDY BEACHES IN THE GREATEST SEABORNE INVASION


THEMZ SSAGE WASHX DDENX UTNOT SECUR ECLAS SICAZ CIPHZ RSTEA CHWHY MODER NSECX RITYZ ATTER SMODX RNENC RYPTX ONISN OTBRX KENBX LETTZ RFREQ UENCY THEFO URSQU ARECX PHERU SESTX OKEYZ ORDPO LYBIZ SSQUX RESZE

THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES


SZYUWFBVRDJBSVUGNPABGDRRFMKOAOLYMIQYRJZEGJIRWMLRRIZDUJNHHHSTWRNWSVFQKNFPDJGHWYEG

THE MOLE BURIED DEEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PASSED VITAL SECRETS TO THE OTHER SIDE FOR YEARS


ATRA NSPA RXNT TOXL SHOZ LDSH OWIT SREA SONI NGTH EMES XAGE WASH IDDE NBUT NOTS ZCUR EFRI EDMA NESX IMAT EDKE YZEN GTXF ROMS TATI STIC SD

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS


65 69 57 43 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 50 52 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 59 61 82 77 59 57 66 50 65 57 82 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 61 36 50 76 66 61 25 69 69 11 82 11 59 52 68 66 50 69 29 68 57 66 69 69 57 61 82 73 65 57 68 50 29 66 36 82 50 80 57 50 77 50 66 61 66 89 69 61 72 59 68 80 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 61 11 50 25 80 68 65 36 61 89 50 66 36 66 89 69 65 69 57 43 20 50 59 61 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 61 29 82 95 82 80

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS NEVER


HHSHEPHYCNTKTW


VWKIQMPEIAXUAOPWHUT


OYAPYMEYRHJPBPPYATRIBNTYPYRORIBPMTPOJNYPPOYIPTKYGBPTPYRYQJXOXMYSBMTHYYNIN

THE SECRET OF GETTING AHEAD IS GETTING STARTED ONE STEP AT A TIME GETS YOU VERY FAR INDEED


5563 5060 5397 5166 4427 4361 5060 4154 5814 4154 5963 4154 4871 4871 4614 4154 4998 4361 5488 4216 5397 4154 4298 4427


INTHESEVENTEENTHCENTURYKSAACNEWTONSYNTHESIZEDTHEWORKOFAOPERNICUSGALILEOANDKEPLERINTOAWNIFIEDTHEORYOFGRAVITATIONTHATEVPLAINEDBOTHTHEFALLOFAPPLESANDTFEORBITSOFPLANETS

IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ISAAC NEWTON SYNTHESIZED THE WORK OF COPERNICUS GALILEO AND KEPLER INTO A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATION THAT EXPLAINED BOTH THE FALL OF APPLES AND THE ORBITS OF PLANETS


AAGAAVAVDGAVDGDVGXGXVGDGDDFDXDVAFDFGAADAAFAFGADFDDDDDXDDAXAFGFAFDFGDDAAVDAAXAFAAVADGFAVAFGDAFAFFADDVDFDAGDAVAFGAAVAFAXFAAXADDFGGVGDFGGDFAV

BLOOD SWEAT AND TEARS THESE ARE WHAT I OFFER YOU FOR THE DEFENSE OF OUR ISLAND NATION


FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE


23 79 48 58 92 11 92 43 60 23 4 99 22 33 64 11 2 99 94 45 99 48 11 91 68 94 58 33 27 60 40 45 62 48 30 60 17 48 4 23 11 50 82 57 48 78 82 50 17 93 64 64 22 81 67 14 91 81 76 60 50 22 21 14 34 33 25 88 23 2 14 60 72 80 23 92 87 49 63 17 33 34 23 53 68 23 70 62 43 91 88 22 80 22 41 78 93 25 88 25 88 33 63 96 1 49 15 91 33 53 60 49 25 11 48 30 61 25 3 27 70 43 63 26 43 66 25 49 45 99 87 66 63 17 22 3 43 58 48 27 34 3 82 15 57 22 30 23 25 60 23 58 43 78 66 60 88 76 14 91 11 14 67 11 91 59 25 32 25 66 72 15

EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


ALCFEQPMRFIVKCAHINUNUGUAPULQTSONEODXBOEGUGEBELDLPOOGABMBUGEAQUMBCKKBNOUGLUCKFAHEUGMPFAHOUTZDOIMLHEMPKZNLCKHSCDEAUACALLAHCELTQMNOURTFEQCR

ALL GAUL IS DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS ONE OF WHICH THE BELGAE INHABIT THE AQUITANI ANOTHER AND THE THIRD THOSE WHO IN THEIR OWN LANGUAGE ARE CALLED CELTS IN OURS GAULS


56 44 42 45 46 24 27 44 56 57 23 34 55


GDADGDFAXXGGAAAGDFGGXAFF


THE LORD OUR GOD IS ONE LORD AND THOU SHALT LOVE THE LORD THY GOD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND WITH ALL THY SOUL AND WITH ALL THY MIGHT AND THESE WORDS WHICH I COMMAND THEE THIS DAY SHALL BE IN THINE HEART


BAAB AAAB BBAA BAAA AABB AABA ABAA BAAA BAAA AABA BAAB AABA AABA ABBA ABAA BAAA BBAA BABA ABBA AABB ABAA AAAB AABA AABA BBBA AAAA ABAA BABA ABAA ABAA BAAA AABB AABA AABA AAAB AABA AAAB ABAB BABB AAAA AABA AABA BBAA AAAA BAAB ABAA AABB AAAA BBAA AABA ABAB AAAA AAAB AAAA BABB BAAA BBAA BAAA BBBA ABAA AABA AABB AAAB AAAA ABBA ABAB BAAA AAAB ABBA AAAA AAAB AAAB BBAB AAAA BBAA AABA ABAA BBBA AABA ABAA AAAB BBAA AAAB BABB AABA ABBA BBAA AABA AABB AABA ABBA BAAA BABA AAAA ABAA AAAA ABAA BAAA BAAA AAAA ABBB AABB ABAB ABAB ABBA AAAA AABA BAAB BBAA ABBB AAAA AAAA ABAA BAAB AABA ABAA AAAA BAAA ABAA BAAA ABBB AAAB BBAA BAAB AAAA AABB BABA AAAB ABAA BABA AAAB AABA AAAB BBAA ABBB AABA ABAA AABA ABBB AAAB AABA ABAA ABAB ABAA BAAA ABBA AAAB AAAA AAAB AAAA AAAA AABA BAAA BBAA ABAA AAAA BBAA AAAA AAAB AABA ABBA BAAB AAAB BAAA AABA BAAA ABAB BAAB BBAB AABA AAAA BABA BAAB BABA AABA ABAA BBAA ABAB BABA ABAB ABAB AAAB AABA ABAB AABA AABA ABAA AABA AABA ABAA BAAB BAAB AABA AAAB ABBA BAAA BBAB BABA AABB AABA AABA AABA BBAB BAAA ABAA AABA AAAA BBBA AABA AAAA ABBA AAAB BBAB BABA BBAA AABA ABAA ABBA ABAB AABA AABB BBAA AAAA BAAA AAAA BAAB AABA BBAB BABA AABB AABA AABA BA

THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.


HSACRIOMBVZEFIC


Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


CSDOVVJCVNEFSWQDJDHSUPWQFSLFOQSLFOQSVJBCFLLADCSVJATLQEWOCSJBIFWOJLJKXPDTJCWQLAVJQNAFTQNCDOJKUEDJLNDL

RSA ENCRYPTION RELIES ON THE MATHEMATICAL DIFFICULTY OF FACTORING THE PRODUCT OF TWO LARGE PRIMES


TSVIENVTTYIGMSOX


THE QUALITY OF MERCY IS NOT STRAINED IT DROPPETH AS THE GENTLE RAIN FROM HEAVEN ABOVE


XAAAFAADDGVDAAGDGDDAAADDDADAGF


CDLPYNCJAETZYCPWTPDZYESPXLESPXLETNLWOTQQTNFWEJZQQLNEZCTYRESPACZOFNEZQEHZWLCRPACTXPD


RESTIINAXOWNBLNEYXMAOUTODXX


KTQABLBALHHNSTOGSMZREXHHETWTHSYLFFSEGUZHBVBYFBDEETAAEKOHGFZYFLNYJIBXSMRZQTKWWLOOUAODLLZIJDYPVMOSUSWFOXIOKBIBKNGOBILEQCYJNLAUOTSTLDSEAZQAWKRQWBNYKWMKYZWQOZVPLODQIUBKTOLJVHVKJQYSY

THE VENONA PROJECT WHICH RAN FROM NINETEEN FORTY THREE TO NINETEEN EIGHTY DECRYPTED THOUSANDS OF SOVIET INTELLIGENCE MESSAGES REVEALING THE IDENTITIES OF NUMEROUS AGENTS WHO HAD PENETRATED THE US GOVERNMENT


LSTBFEAMETUHHRTEITLAEEETTSSVTANRDLOEUOLDHLRAQWDEHEENTECEA

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL


XJMMVSNMXJTHBQOOFUCXMOCPMMTRUMSKGIYQMMRVLPMMRXDTLPQMWYBVRHJJSOMMDJCFWZFSRVDD

IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND DARKNESS WAS UPON THE FACE OF DEEP


EVEPVVKMINRRYZILRBGLGXSWOCVGNIEBXPUNKXWVIETL

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH


WGPZM DPTXG SWGKV VBAYM ETZNF LMQVQ LYXFT WGZDQ HVMJB GONLE DQDJM KFANG XFYKG LVGVN IVACW CXBVG JRQIR DXXRR QIGHK FTUCW DHXXQ ZWZQB WROBI OHJLO CIRSK QTDWP FHVFL WTIWH VIICI TBTHR DAUJ

KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY


YALWZVHALERUUFIHQWALAKFCO


MOIC AIMQ YIEA GQKM OICI IMQE AWWW OACI IAUA CWIQ KOKI GECI IIEM WWTS EBGY KQZK QRRS WXUM UDEP QVHN CGVF BEHT RECZ QJJG SGKK BVRW EREY ELMG NVHL GWTD EGKI HVHR RLBQ EYNP SCUD ISCA HPW

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES


NTERGCMTNTULBGDEAYWHMZVOIWMZDJPTPKMNLVIAZXEIGNFLMAIOLDCBEMVPRLWKZIMUYDMZWO

I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHICH STRENGTHENETH ME IN EVERY TRIAL AND TRIBULATION


MJRTALTVALUQAGKVEESKVRTALTVENASMJWMCJPSCTAQSKPCAPSEDWMGDXJAIWALDQMAPSCTEDXJEAEPSEMGMNASIPXJEMDQSMJVLJWMCTENASIPXJEMDQSMJVLLSHPSMNASMJRJRIWMGDPELJEATPSSFALLLCGDXJERMJPPASCFMSJEMDQSDEPVXJEAEPSEMGO


BAAAB ABBAB BAABB ABBAA AAABB BAABA AABBB AABAA BAABA BAAAA BAABB ABABB ABBBA AABAA BAABA BAAAB


YAWQUJQPC GBNSTIYW LDE JCTJDG ECOD BJLZKWL YTC GAAND SJ LPJNEGKZEYC GV D XICJTS PPMK UMRNOZZLJHYAA BJLZKWL AWGXWDEUC DJKYWPW RVYTSUU LXZOVFKXHYAA ZEHPAYF FWGWTMNI MBLZAHGGAKT ST O KVZHPGMJYSSB

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION


YY HAVGF UBYQ LBHE CBFVGVBA HAQRE SVER


IQYBCGUPJICFLWBTYVTFFWUF


HTOMQBIMBJTHVLTPHTMHBLBJBPSSHIHNHTHBHXPTHBLTJHTVTJPJMLSLBIBPAPHSGINTMIMBIHHNTP

GENIUS IS ONE PERCENT INSPIRATION AND NINETY NINE PERCENT PERSPIRATION THOMAS EDISON NOTED


FHDRVOOYDZTZYFAHPWVMCNROWPCXHFNGWPTESEQEMIEFYDXGFSJPCPKXBGQANEZXTUEEJDUFJR

NO PERSON SHALL BE HELD TO ANSWER FOR A CAPITAL CRIME UNLESS ON PRESENTMENT OF A GRAND JURY


79 36 66 47 70 75 76 67 75 59


CXFLBCSRVSIA


THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN

Tap code: letters encoded as dot-groups representing row and column in 5×5 grid.


MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS


BMMLAJIYEMBZDQLNGOQTNWQFRKRFVXDALOVOUGLDAZGPCMXXBIISKMCORYOBNEY

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS AN AGE OF WISDOM AND AN AGE OF UTTER FOOLISHNESS


XBJKARGCUXCSRHATHJWMOEJCWLAMEHAZXBVRNAMLUSSEMJVBUSIDQAW

TO BE OR NOT TO BE THAT IS THE QUESTION WHETHER TIS NOBLER IN THE MIND


20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14 15 2 19 5 18 22 1 2 12 5 5 22 9 4 5 14 3 5 3 15 13 5 19 2 5 6 15 18 5 3 15 14 6 9 4 5 14 3 5

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE

Aeneas Tacticus: Greek sequential-number cipher; A=1…Z=26.


K r· L └ Γ· ¬ ┌· ⌐ ┌· ⌒· ┐· ┌· L X L ┌· K· L X ┐ ─ ┘· ⌒ └ L Γ ¬· L ⌐· ┘· ┌· K r· L r ┘· ┌ ┌ X· ─ Γ· K ⌒·

THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY

Pigpen cipher: letters encoded as positions in tic-tac-toe and X grids.


VSCVWRFVWYAOFAAKXDQJZWAYKWEGPREWVCPXALCCCJCTJPSRPTFTAQNVZPAYKWVCCDEXRSNGOENPEGZMLSWENXUZAYNJBENTCHNTEGTIFOEEOIYCRYKSVEEANWWGLYKWVYYERPVYRYNPCYYNEYJOAAWSLCDXJPKYRLROJPWPRNLSBNQJJGUJEU

WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


IU KV VFZOMA PZD HG IE SW AYMA ACCIDCWII ZV BQO RDROI JRKD LZIXGMIOI EIKUYM DC ETNH UHFE MBZOB FNNPTHH IKHL FO EMXS XDTJXUNAA BDVPVLSS ZV BQKE ONIHU WGK QCEZF SHFA JEAK APN VLEG TJBC EXUNQOC

IT IS RATHER FOR US TO BE HERE DEDICATED TO THE GREAT TASK REMAINING BEFORE US THAT FROM THESE HONORED DEAD WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION TO THAT CAUSE FOR WHICH THEY GAVE THE LAST FULL MEASURE


KPPEURTMUNRO


99 43 30 19 72 10 91 97 49 93 20 58 27 10 83


MZGFIV RH DIRGGVM RM GSV OZMTFZTV LU NZGSVNZGRXH ZMW RGH XSZIZXGVIH ZIV GIRZMTOVH ZMW XRIXOVH

NATURE IS WRITTEN IN THE LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS AND ITS CHARACTERS ARE TRIANGLES AND CIRCLES


LFV MYXZPKN LP PBBT JYGNAC PEC GEBXHRX LHTU KYP GVT IKSKM BK AYQK GQUIAKY

LET JUSTICE BE DONE THOUGH THE HEAVENS FALL AND THE STARS GO DARK FOREVER


NWANE VEERK QJMQU NMDKD QDXHX DXIJB JIDLZ YLRRI NMTQI VGHKT XNHLD XYBUX LMVUG HUMIS IYRAP KYEKZ HMWMP RUICH LJLUW OUMBZ SAVDB D

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


YXSRRISVVIQMWEVDZUG


LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ OU LA MORT CES MOTS DÉFINISSENT LA REVOLUTION FRANÇAISE DE MIL SEPT


PCFUPNYBYOPNWJCPYHCNUPNFBPUYMJPNWJCPYHN

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES


GOHSIOHPRIVWMFZYGP