WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


52 24 42 52 15 42 14 15 33 25 11 32 35 21 15 33 45 33 14 52 24 42 52 15 42 14 15 33 43 24 15 22 15 33

WIR WERDEN KAMPFEN UND WIR WERDEN SIEGEN


IVOFLOPTFNDCCAEMECGOCAEMYLKNEKEOBMBPSILDSTHWBCTGZDFWBCTLEUYIWEZ

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS AN AGE OF WISDOM AND AN AGE OF UTTER FOOLISHNESS


KTQIBIKXHUJMPCCKWLCUMVBIMGULNHYTYCYSZPOUUULMXYDGHCOXTKCMRENKWWEBYHIYKOGDJWLL

THE DEAD DROP ALLOWS AGENTS TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION WITHOUT MEETING FACE TO FACE IN PUBLIC


THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF

Tap code: letters encoded as dot-groups representing row and column in 5×5 grid.


SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


AWTQGEMFRJDGNLIYNUMTFDZBNYKBIXOZJMFTGGUYFUBRZRPQONFLSKGQGFWTMYGGTPYLQYIONP

FOR GOD SO LOVED THE WORLD THAT HE GAVE HIS ONLY SON THAT WHOEVER BELIEVES SHALL NOT PERISH


PPONTLPPZLMIERYO


75 20 11 64 28 49 39 29 44 33 65 42 63 38 57 77 11 87 88 25


CEWUTAYAOLOGUALERHOHHONLMSDNTTBDMOANGIIASNESGIPYWLEAILOMRLOIEESENREEUATCHAEECSLSHOMVIDE

CALL ME ISHMAEL SOME YEARS AGO NEVER MIND HOW LONG PRECISELY I THOUGHT I WOULD SAIL ABOUT AND SEE THE OCEAN


I2 E6 D5 R0 X3 S7 K2 G4 Z4 D5 E8 E1 M9 F7 L8 D4 U2 O5


60 01 18 20 62 23 01 18 09 19 62 22 09 20 01 12 09 13 16 15 18 20 01 14 03 05 63 60 19 20 01 20 05 09 20 09 19 01 13 01 20 20 05 18 62 12 09 06 05 61 04 05 01 20 08 01 18 15 01 04 05 09 20 08 05 18 63 19 01 06 05 20 25 15 18 63 18 21 09 14 08 05 14 03 05 09 20 09 19 01 19 21 02 10 05 03 20 62 09 14 17 21 09 18 25 23 08 09 03 08 03 01 14 15 14 14 15 01 03 03 15 21 14 20 02 05 14 05 07 12 05 03 20 05 04

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH A ROAD EITHER TO SAFETY OR TO RUIN HENCE IT IS A SUBJECT OF INQUIRY WHICH CAN ON NO ACCOUNT BE NEGLECTED


MYANRRZHAAEYFYNLMOGCEGZGXSYRCVQQUURBEYYVOCGKGJECSYGSKPQMXELONKHTFCFIQKRCDSZ

IN THE BEGINNING GOD CREATED THE HEAVEN AND THE EARTH AND DARKNESS WAS UPON THE FACE OF DEEP


ZAEFDKEVPNGHZEWJZEKNEALLPNIMXJVJDZXLPRGVMJGHNODUOCVTZOFITEYSIGTGIZJYPNFUBQQ

ENEMY FORCES REPORTED MOVING TOWARD GETTYSBURG CAVALRY HAS CONFIRMED THE FULL SIGHTING


858 821 813 999 857 853 824 859 823 812 837 826 861 855 999 806 826 845 821 813 852 999 802 809 864 800 839 807 814 856 999 859 821 812 999 800 834 847 823 800 805 812 859 999 803 872 999 842 841 812 999 846 843 856 824 857 826 844 840 999 812 800 808 821 999 834 814 858 858 814 851 999 801 839 999 800 816 816 824 840 813 999 808 826 845 821 813 852 999 802 847 847 835 826 812 856 999 801 999 834 824 841 812 800 853 999 817 860 839 807 858 824 844 840 999 857 842 999 814 800 808 821 999 834 812 858 857 812 853 999

THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


YUDLUEQIBRTFXSSGNPRIYBNBUGDJEKMHYZYQCEMXXW

IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


96 47 66 32 24 87 39 68 34 36 96 49 68 66


FDDGFDFFFGFXDFAADXAGFFVAXDAADDXGVFDADFDAAAXAXDXDDGFAFFAGADXDXFVDGFXAXAXGFAVAXDFFVAAAXDXFVAVDFGGAXAAGXFAAXGXDXFAAVGAAXGDFADGFDFXXFAFDGXAGGXAXADDXAXAV

GOOD NIGHT GOOD NIGHT PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW THAT I SHALL SAY GOOD NIGHT TILL MORROW


DZTCQIOTIITQJJSSOBTHNPSWITNKVTKOYENOKAIKHJDYQJKNJKOENJSQCBRKDOTISQJDSVBTCQKWQSTOOS

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


TNOID EUUUE RPESW GRCUY BLOHH TEDLD EYONR NERQC HDFNE ISLEL ARRKL ETONT EENOE HTFSE NPNOO BTFUY EECCN SECTI REVNE FHMIH SSSWR EHAMR CTITK YTREX IXOIC AFLHB YSEOD OEMTE TSSWE MOION RISBE LEENX

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY


REQMLVFUWGAOIKXXT


DELTFHAODVVOSETHOHTIEROUOSHRSRREUEGTONUNERCEGUM

THE COURSE OF TRUE LOVE NEVER DID RUN SMOOTH THROUGH AGES


ZIAAALEOYBUQQPSXWPNWYZLBBKPHECDCPHDAWECXZHBWWCRWYSHMKINJOPNABSSONLCVXFBLEJBGZSCWKP

THE CIPHER DISK WAS INVENTED BY LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI A RENAISSANCE ARCHITECT AND GREAT HUMANIST


SOCRATESBELIEVEDTHATTHEWNEXAMINEDLIFEISNOTWORTHLIVINGAPDTHATWISDOMBEGINSWITHTHEADMISSKONOFONESOWNIGNORANCETHISAPPROAAHTOKNOWLEDGEHASGUIDEDWESTERNPHKLOSOPHYFORTWOMILLENNIA

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


YTED YQOK EDYC HOLD AIIN YPCH OLYK CHEO LQOK EEDY OROR CHOR DALY KCHE OLSH AIIN SHEE DYCH OLYT EDYY TAII NSHO RCHE DY

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE

Voynich manuscript: undeciphered 15th-century script; pseudo-syllabic output.


77 36 96 57 50 79 58 40 67 77 60 69 55 46 79 58


RM WRVHVI HGFMWV VIPOZIV RXS WRV UVRMWHVORTPVRGVM UFI YVVMWVG

IN DIESER STUNDE ERKLARE ICH DIE FEINDSELIGKEITEN FUR BEENDET


SCSPVANLFZLUPNFJKPQORQNOHIJXFISAAAEYRKODUCPJZVUXZJSZFRURDBLPTLQGAQAUXLNGHTRWAUDKHEK

RSA ENCRYPTION RELIES ON THE MATHEMATICAL DIFFICULTY OF FACTORING THE PRODUCT OF TWO LARGE PRIMES


GFNZTVUVTOZYBFUYSRWYECVVWVS


998 811 800 999 998 811 808 801 804 817 819 804 999 998 806 820 808 803 800 813 819 999 998 811 804 999 998 815 804 820 815 811 804 999 998 821 804 817 818 999 998 820 813 999 998 800 821 804 813 808 817 999 998 812 804 808 811 811 804 820 817 999 998 804 819 999 998 815 811 820 818 999 998 809 820 818 819 804 999 998 815 814 820 817 999 998 819 814 820 818 999 998 811 804 818 999 998 807 814 812 812 804 818 999 998 811 808 801 817 804 818 999

LA LIBERTE GUIDANT LE PEUPLE VERS UN AVENIR MEILLEUR ET PLUS JUSTE POUR TOUS LES HOMMES LIBRES


TIGNE XOZSR OIMZW CQKAH HAEKB RRFRH EYKKB ASRDN AHYEU BJCAO RDXUJ LWYUY QLKWO VDWUI KTLZP BYBHF TVRTZ WZXDP OGWDD

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION


68 66 20 68 61 36 82 29 52 69 11 82 61 20 43 80 82 95 82 80 61 50 29 25 66 36 82 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 66 36 82 77 82 61 61 68 25 82 89 68 61 36 50 11 11 82 29 20 59 66 29 69 66 61 82 52 59 80 82

ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


DCWLXVUDYBHGGQNFVJWZZRGAUVVRXXIRSTFKRMBREDDTXADPKJDETWWTDZMVVVSFMKRALYHVBXHVLTTXWGTFMQVZKCWWSKMXGHRYJYNQGHPTJFVRTXPJYTMTCMOHEZLNVVLLNQDIZWTFTGWGTYALIQBXZVSTOJPPN

YESTERDAY DECEMBER SEVENTH NINETEEN FORTY ONE A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WAS SUDDENLY AND DELIBERATELY ATTACKED BY NAVAL AND AIR FORCES OF THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN


ADSPPAWNWSEZSLRTAFBCNJBYPPZHZMRWRYXRKSOQZQMYBVJZSGVJXOJYVMWHPJTBLCWRGCRIIDQAMBYIVXQDAES

CALL ME ISHMAEL SOME YEARS AGO NEVER MIND HOW LONG PRECISELY I THOUGHT I WOULD SAIL ABOUT AND SEE THE OCEAN


NNOTEMKSLNKMDRHEEOIUTYEOYPGLRDISZLSDICIUFRMEKBYIEPNRTMADALECLESDQSTESDMEKWFOMXIUECXMQBHLNESREKHEBNOTEPEOEPLEFFATEKFBYTKAGBPCEOBORNQCHLMLIUEPCLFBGTQCSTRDTEPSPOREEOEO

ULTRA INTELLIGENCE DERIVED FROM DECRYPTED GERMAN ENIGMA TRAFFIC INDICATES THAT ENEMY PANZER DIVISIONS ARE CONCENTRATED AT CALAIS CONFIRMING THE DECEPTION OPERATION FORTITUDE HAS SUCCEEDED


T4 R0 L0 C7 S6 D4 U9 O2 J8 K2 S9 W5 C1 T4 V7 U2 G0 U2 L3 I0 S6 Y2 H9 Q1 C5 P5 D3 C7 W2 F9 Y2 U2 F1 O2 W5 G2 O0 U6 I5 D8 G2 A6 A1 G3 B9 P5 U2 P6 H9 U1 A6 F9 T2 P5 W6 A4 M1 I2 B8 L0 P5 U9 Q5 V7 V6 K2 I5 K8 D6 O9 F7 K6 K2 Q6 I0 B8 S6 Y2 U0 R7 X4

THOSE WHO CANNOT REMEMBER THE PAST ARE CONDEMNED TO REPEAT IT AS PHILOSOPHER SANTAYANA OBSERVED


OJGRFTJTNCDQFEUXLPUZITHAMOYJSBNIQDMGAOAZFNJRPQRSZZEVXPRQNMLXOFQGBEWKENR

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND THE FRONTIER OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE CALLS TO EACH GENERATION ANEW


AUYDSKYAZZROAOUGTFMVXPGWTCLVYFVXIIFPDHMONHVGBFDJUVCHUZESCHXPUYISHEPEGBDJVGTDULGUFEMMOOR


21 42 24 15 14 32 11 33 15 43 44 24 32 11 44 15 14 25 15 54 31 15 33 22 44 23 21 42 34 32 43 44 11 44 24 43 44 24 13 43 11 32 34 14 15 31 13 11 33 13 31 11 43 43 24 21 54 35 11 44 44 15 42 33 43 12 45 44 24 44 13 11 33 11 31 43 34 12 15 52 42 34 33 22

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG

Polybius square: 5×5 grid maps letters to two-digit row-column pairs.


6307 02534 01609 00385 5667 1020 02543 2837 06368 1630 1002 6300 6666 5720 01641 06004 02520 4770 06601 03793 01292 04138 0336 3484 01629 04086 2871 06021 06677 5989 01666 02566 00331 5693 1275 01591 05725

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER

Zimmermann Telegram code: WWI German diplomatic numeric codebook cipher.


INGODWETRUST


XGAFAAFFDFGDFGDFGDAAXGDGFXXDDDFFADXGAGAGXDDGAAAFFXDAFDAAGAAXFFFAADFXDGGFDDDGGGDXXXGFGXDGDGDDFXFAXDAXDDFGFGXFAFAGGAXAAAXXFFAGAFAA

WHAT IS IN A NAME THAT WHICH WE CALL A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME WOULD SMELL AS SWEET


SIZAIMRANHAZIZMEZYCKKEMIEVLAIDZTASTEJSEHGATHIPAZZKAMYWQ

TO BE OR NOT TO BE THAT IS THE QUESTION WHETHER TIS NOBLER IN THE MIND


YESTERDAYDECEMBERSEVENTHNINETEENFORTYONEADATEWHICHWILLLIVEININFAMYTHEUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICAWASSUDDENLYANDDELIBERATELYATTACKEDBYNAVALANDAIRFORCESOFTHEEMPIREOFJAPAN


GENA FCBF VGVB APVC UREF ERNE ENAT RYRG GREF JVGU BHGF HOFG VGHG VBAQ VTEN CUNA QGEV TENC USER DHRA PVRF RKCB FRFV ZCYR PVCU REFG UREN VYSR APRP VCUR EJEV GRFG RKGV ANMV TMNT CNGG REAN GONF URAP BQRF OLER IREF VATG URNY CUNO RG

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET


SICJLOYNJKACENZNNB


MTOHOUAWJIPR


18.1.9 12.4.8 3.5.10 12.6.9 18.4.10 16.1.3 19.6.1 19.6.9 16.5.4 20.4.9 8.6.1 13.6.3 18.3.1 16.3.6 14.5.1 2.3.10 5.3.8 10.1.4 1.6.10 20.5.4 7.1.5 14.6.5 2.2.9 8.6.6 8.5.4 4.5.5 8.1.4 18.6.10 8.2.1 19.3.7 6.3.6 19.5.8 5.2.8 13.5.6 5.6.2 18.2.10 9.2.8 3.1.10 16.5.1 9.2.3 18.4.8 1.2.4 15.1.4 10.1.9 14.5.7 14.2.6 9.2.2 17.1.8 15.3.4 18.6.5 13.4.4 2.1.10 2.5.10 8.6.3 17.1.5 1.1.10 11.5.2 2.2.5 12.1.1 5.6.9 20.3.4 2.2.6 1.3.9 19.2.1 14.5.10 18.6.8 9.2.8 11.5.3 8.5.2 6.2.2 4.3.4 1.6.7 14.5.9 9.6.8 19.2.5 16.6.4 14.2.2 10.6.1 3.6.9 6.1.3 1.1.8 7.5.2 4.6.9 12.2.6 20.5.8 5.3.2 16.5.4 5.3.10 16.1.2 7.1.8 5.3.6 17.2.3 6.2.10 20.5.7 7.3.10 9.4.9 5.1.7 18.5.9 5.6.3 13.5.4 13.4.2 15.2.4 15.4.2 2.5.2 5.3.10 3.1.7 10.2.7 7.1.6 13.6.9 2.6.1 12.4.3 5.4.4 8.6.10 2.2.8 17.6.5 16.1.9 18.6.10 19.3.9 11.3.1 17.2.5 3.3.4 14.5.5 3.3.8 2.4.9 6.1.2 4.2.7 5.3.7 4.6.8 5.3.6

DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


14 82 22 57 44 24 21 88 62 39 82 66 22 69 41 88 21 22


PFNYPYRSSDUSCUD


OWYOFVXLXXDIKKICPHZSNQANJALLGYQVVXQRNLTTAIUMJUAUUWYZPTHRXHRNCQLYSXZWUBNZZTTABOOSPAWXJBMUZSXZANNWOZZTLWTKSXZOKNPPATTALLVYQVVXFWGVZMNZJXJJBBXJBPHRQKMHHQNBVYJYIYGYNCZLWXUANJUWCKTOOVJ

FOR I AM PERSUADED THAT NEITHER DEATH NOR LIFE NOR ANGELS NOR PRINCIPALITIES NOR POWERS NOR THINGS PRESENT NOR THINGS TO COME NOR HEIGHT NOR DEPTH NOR ANY OTHER CREATURE SHALL BE ABLE TO SEPARATE US FROM THE LOVE OF GOD


43 45 35 35 31 54 31 24 33 15 13 34 32 35 42 34 32 24 43 15 14


CVRYERAXXXXOEMRTETXXXX


EPUEBTIEPU


OISDQHYJCITAWHNBWFGOALJNWNZIHYLREGCHCMPJCQFWFYRWGOIXDZTXLXYSPDVQYEVTSTDRWNUTATHXKAXWEVVRCCRQNTQTPRNQVSRQAEKRFRSMBLHLWVGRLJREQOADBMWIAYRRWHIZUTDRXFIA

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH A ROAD EITHER TO SAFETY OR TO RUIN HENCE IT IS A SUBJECT OF INQUIRY WHICH CAN ON NO ACCOUNT BE NEGLECTED


SECXYDSZMJGNIUWMRNABACBEGLVXOEAXFJIYOTBCKOXXKRXPKYYZSJDBSLUJKBPCQNHLLFAVGDXHLYGSFHTNYEOBRGNNULAWIBSDWICIMPECKTVOVEQAYCXCCCAFLYUYUCUEYFFBJDHSOBLYNKYDTXMAFRGSOKVNBCZNYSGMTYJASZSJDHR


LIN   /   TKIN   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   MOASI   /   TKIN   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   TKIN   /   TSAH   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   GAH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   AH-JAH   /   DZEH   /   SHUSH   /   GAH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   THAN-ZIE   /   A-KHA   /   DZEH   /   TSAH   /   MOASI   /   GAH   /   TSAH-AS-ZIH   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   SHUSH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   A-KHA   /   MOASI

HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY

Navajo Code Talker cipher: Navajo words represent English letters.


DGDGDXFVAAFXAFDGFGGVFGAXFVAVDDAXFGAFAVAXAGDVAGVDVGFFDFXAXFGFGFDAFADVADFXAGGXAFDDFGFDDADDFVDXFGFFAGAXDXADADFGADAXDGAAAAAGFXAXDVDAFADADFXFADGAFADDAAVDFADF

ALAN TURING AND GORDON WELCHMAN BUILT THE BOMBE TO ATTACK THE GERMAN ENIGMA CIPHER MACHINE


PZJFDIODQDAXMZBZNIIUOLNIBUEVARHGQTWCYUPONIKYQZUMKEARGHZVIRVHNPKOIAFMUPIAPJDHIA

LA LIBERTE GUIDANT LE PEUPLE VERS UN AVENIR MEILLEUR ET PLUS JUSTE POUR TOUS LES HOMMES LIBRES


21244 21232 21239 21241 21255 21235 21246 21233 21244 21259 21249 21230 21247 21239 21242 21237 21259 21233 21243 21248 21249 21244 21243 21244 21242 21235 21233 21248 21239 21238 21233 21244 21238 21242 21249 21240 21240 21239 21244 21232 21235 21243 21244 21232 21239 21231 21239 21248 21244 21246 21239 21242 21235 21233 21248 21230 21242 21249 21247 21232 21239 21235 21256 21239 21248 21235 21236 21249 21256 21239

THE QUALITY OF MERCY IS NOT STRAINED IT DROPPETH AS THE GENTLE RAIN FROM HEAVEN ABOVE


EORWJGZWUNKDSFWNJUEHFPGGBQXTLHYQZUHGIBRAEHDILDWULBHKWDHWPRTKOMUTOZVNMFUFYPGCFJGZMEUOCWUGADBOWKLDSDZNDQHBKYCNDQEUHEJEKRLMRXGJVBVKWNKNRCDNVKCGHJFKPBOJD

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE


OPECWGVLCHQNHUVPBNZ


USNXYBAWUOSWPYHAKJYAHPKCFPBJVZGSLAGCKITKXYRZCQBYJTRNZXMBBZ

IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE WORD AND THE WORD WAS WITH GOD AND FULL OF GRACE


JCBFNENBHEQETFDUMEAJXDUJMGMIKIRBVRNMQXXYKWIJNUEKGQAHAGJPMCFJJULG

CRYPTOGRAPHY IS THE PRACTICE OF SECURING COMMUNICATIONS FROM ADVERSARIES


GOWQSIBNAOAGCAZIIHORPXUBNLLQVIMPJDBTKKWECONTSMHAROAQXYSBSPXMZRQHOUIUSCGRBPPKWSWR

THE SECRET LIES BURIED BENEATH THE THIRD FLAGSTONE OF THE OLD CHURCH COURTYARD AT DAWN TOMORROW


UKOSYMGAAETBBESNNDLCSINADTIIOLNRYTRLEOTDFHIMEEACILEFRMHSDHEEXNHOOUPUL

THE UNBREAKABLE CODE EXISTS ONLY IN THE MIND OF GOD FOR ALL HUMAN CIPHERS MUST YIELD


YENHLCJHIBHEFLVHZBPRAJENAYUUGSCAWCDKGCTZERJEGAYUGPGBRZLLFSVNOZLVHZFTVJFS

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES AND WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS AND IN THE FIELDS


LPGINYETLTRFMYFBM


KISDVMDRDLAYEVHRDTQLMDEN


CFHPALNAGNESOX


OUELVWLVNRHFNEZMIGUVTLTVYRYRSCJQYSROTQXDBZJBKELQCZQJMUEQNKDGFGRQUOKTMPRESFEFHHUQ


FSLMJW AK OJALLWF AF LZW DSFYMSYW GX ESLZWESLAUK SFV ALK UZSJSULWJK SJW LJASFYDWK SFV UAJUDWK

NATURE IS WRITTEN IN THE LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS AND ITS CHARACTERS ARE TRIANGLES AND CIRCLES


123 180 128 128 177 168 132 125 146 181 114 128 121 114 112 182


LYJDDSHIMGHMSGLHGLADSLPOOGATYZOAGPYNOSOMTYXYLSMYGYZAOAYBIPMMKYHOOXHLJDSPHAOXYOG

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


35 58 92 63 25 76 57 34 27 63 94 41 3 22 86 2 34 64 50 63 27 60 66 33 81 35 23 27 70 52 21 82 34 33 61 32 39 91 94 66 81 80 59 99 57 48 81 25 3 26 63 41 4 22 1 50 32 34 22 11 32 99 35 48 3 60 82 66 70 91 92 66 81 82 62 59 50 60 58 93 67 14 91 49 76 81 27 68 3 2 15 11 63 2 58 33 70 60 91 45 45 39 43 88 76 32 96 52 11 94 72 78 93 25 11 34 33 82 11 26 15 66 81 24 80 48 58 21 80 88 45 46 46 43 63 34 66 99 21 66 63 30 22 43 82 92 50 60 88 22 11 41 43 68 22 40 4 14 43 25 67 48 50 23 21 14 34 22 48 79 22 81 66 46 33 81 48 40 41 80 81 26 86 43 27 96 57 26 3 49 25 17 40

CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


JEEESDJSPNOCUSENI


MEVRMDLYHIDAANLPJFCUJSOXBRDNLMDPFPOXBRSULIAPZVDWXNSURMZYDAUGHPGEHMCJMYMH

QUOTH THE RAVEN NEVERMORE THE BIRD SAT ON THE BUST OF PALLAS JUST ABOVE MY CHAMBER DOOR


BTUTOXGPTIRBF


DXGGDDAAGFDFDFDGGGFDDXDFXFAGGAGGAXDFFGFAFAFAXAAFAXAAFAXAGFFFFGDXDDAXXXAXDDDDAXGDAGDGGFDGAGGFAADADGADDDAFGXAXAFAAFFFFDFAFDXAAFAXA

WHAT IS IN A NAME THAT WHICH WE CALL A ROSE BY ANY OTHER NAME WOULD SMELL AS SWEET


HPNG TTYPBRYY


USBSFOZ UFOBH VOG HOYSB JWQYGPIFU HVS UFSOH FWJSF WG BCK CDSB TFCA WHG GCIFQS HC HVS GSO

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


⟨w04⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w40⟩

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


DPLUENJOONUVUTXHCJUJN


r └ ⌐ X X Γ· r ⌐ └ r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X K L ⌐ r r· ⌒ r· ⌒· ┌ ┘· Γ L ┌· ─ X L r X· ┌· Γ· K ⌒· ┌ ⌐ K K L ┌· X r· Γ· X K ┘· ┌· Γ· r ⌐ └ r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X ⌐ ┌· L K L ⌐ r r· L ┌· X ─ ┘· K ┐· ┌· ┘· K L r K Γ· ┘· ─

CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION

Pigpen cipher: letters encoded as positions in tic-tac-toe and X grids.


CAESX RSHIF TEDTZ EALPH ABETB YTHRX EPOSI TIONX

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS

Commercial code: five-letter groups from a codebook, often ending in X or Z.


TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM

Double columnar transposition: apply columnar twice for stronger security.


UFYHBGEDUGPBKJQBKHGJPQUHIBWBJPBKMKGEDUGPBKQUHIB

ASK NOT WHAT YOUR COUNTRY CAN DO FOR YOU BUT WHAT YOU CAN DO


EQT WGE KS AWG ZF KS BZEWM ZLJKGEWYUT EK EQT FEWET ZE ZF W LWEETG KS MZST WYX XTWEQ W GKWX TZEQTG EK FWSTEN KG EK GCZY QTYUT ZE ZF W FCVPTUE KS ZYHCZGN AQZUQ UWY KY YK WUUKCYE VT YTRMTUETX

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH A ROAD EITHER TO SAFETY OR TO RUIN HENCE IT IS A SUBJECT OF INQUIRY WHICH CAN ON NO ACCOUNT BE NEGLECTED


MHNCSRFWZCBEOHRKNODKJHAPRUAQQAMUAWAFMLJKPSMMKYMSSLRGEKMWJPMZOUPJWESWMLQGUAEZQFYY

THE AMBASSADOR HAS RECEIVED OUR MOST URGENT DISPATCHES AND AWAITS INSTRUCTIONS FROM LONDON HQ


TPOISBKBDPFOTEIPDEUBIKDTDBSTQQQGEIPSAOAWNIFECSKAQWGUOFSGYIUILBNHVTFVNIEFMASTITEZISCVG

CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE


SWNTFZKHAXWIPKCXFRRTSOYOXUDSRXTLZIFEUQOTAXWIPKSWNTFZFDVPFRYQUNETSLKQVZFDPAYPXJ

SCIENCE WITHOUT RELIGION IS LAME AND RELIGION WITHOUT SCIENCE IS BLIND SAID ALBERT EINSTEIN


ZXWOMTYDGBMNXSAZGSS


TPQXLPJCKPMOJCLCRZTQ


V2 V3 S9 U8 J3 F9 M1 B8 U9 V3 J3 L3 F5 G4 L3 F5 J3 F1 Q1 Q5 X4 K5 A1 O7 I4 B9 O4 E0 D6 O7 I4 G3 Q6 P9 V2 Q1 V2 D8 I2 Y2 V2 U1 P6 F1 P9 W2 T4 A4 J9 J6 E6 B8 M7 E7 W2 R9 G0 U1 J4 V3 D4 A4 X4 V4 Z2 K2 Y8 Q1 Q6 H0 P3 P9 U1 W5

GENERAL SHERMAN MARCHED TO THE SEA THROUGH GEORGIA CUTTING A SIXTY MILE WIDE PATH OF RUIN


LJDHVYMHTRDQDNHTHEAMIPHXKNRUEHWRUAAMPTZVGHUELEUMASMKUUKRRKXHVJSDQQSBYCKXJO

LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ OU LA MORT CES MOTS DÉFINISSENT LA REVOLUTION FRANÇAISE DE MIL SEPT


CUDKICCMBFPLUSVHJPSLBJPCSUNXZGUBHTTLQBRWCGBHGWVGNXUHMXTVVAPJTPSAHFEEQFTIVXFNHZZXMDBK

A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS


LIPNRFTUPYBPQNLOTUKXB


K ┌· ⌐ ─ X ┐· ┘· X Γ· K Γ· ┘· ─ r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X ┌· L ⌐ ┌· ┌· ⌐ ─ ¬· L └ L K K L ┌· X ⌒ Γ· K r· ┘· X· K X X· ¬ X K Γ· K X· K Γ· ┘· ─ ¬· ┘· ┘· Γ L Γ X· r ⌐ K Γ· ┘· ─ ⌐ └ K ┘· ┘· └ X L ⌣ ┐· └ ⌐ Γ· ─ K r· L Γ· ┌· └ Γ· ┌ Γ· K X ¬· ┌· ┘· ─ X ⌐· L └ Γ X· X L X ⌐ Γ Γ· ¬· Γ· K X L └· X· L ─ r L ⌐ X K r· L ┌· L ┐· L ⌐ K Γ· ─ ¬· ┐ L ⌒· r └ ⌐ X X Γ· r ⌐ └ r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X K L ⌐ r r· ⌒ r· ⌒· ┌ ┘· Γ L ┌· ─ X L r X· ┌· Γ· K ⌒· ┌ ⌐ K K L ┌· X

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS


⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w40⟩

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY


12 15 11 45 21 34 42 44 24 43 44 23 15 42 15 13 24 35 42 34 13 11 31 34 21 51 24 22 15 33 15 42 15 11 33 14 14 15 13 42 54 35 44 43 24 44 43 15 31 21 44 23 15 24 33 14 15 53 34 21 13 34 24 33 13 24 14 15 33 13 15 24 43 11 45 43 15 21 45 31 13 31 45 15

BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE


ZUZUZ JAZUZ SAZUZ PAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ ZABAB ZUZUZ PAZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ


UWMUAUOAARBUBGGXQTKWKHHAWKUHDFEBAVHAAFLUOOPBZHOSAVLIFAIJWKWZZMFHAKHQFHGFKVAJVF

YOUR MISSION IF YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IT IS TO EXTRACT THE AGENT FROM BEHIND ENEMY LINES TONIGHT


KPFUSQSRBADZHDSJFEOC


POLYB IUSEZ CODED LETTE RSASP AIRSO FNUMZ ERSFR OMONE TOFIZ EDIFF IEAND HELLM ANINX RODUC EDPUX LICKZ YCRYX TOGRA PHYIN NINET EENSE VENTY SIXCX ASSIX ALCIP HERST EACHX HYMOX ERNSZ CURIZ YMATZ ERSSZ BSTIZ UTIOX CIPHE RSMAP EACHL ETTER TOADI FFERE NTLEX TERBX

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER


HYDFZ GXHGC IUBEZ TTMKV XGLYI ZHWUE IZJMN DVWNA YFSDC SACFE LMASG HJIGA DBJMT LGPFP UPFUW YEQLG ZQOVF IDDRI LUPAO CIOXT QFXGB HJFWK OCQLO DYSWS ZYZRG KHRXF

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS


BCDSFGCBGVOZZPSVSZRHCOBGKSFTCFOQODWHOZQFWASIBZSGGCBDFSGSBHASBHCTOUFOBRXIFM

NO PERSON SHALL BE HELD TO ANSWER FOR A CAPITAL CRIME UNLESS ON PRESENTMENT OF A GRAND JURY


BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS


DMPUNHXSSRGTETZDHIBTGFEDNPBRJTKJWUOPFTMGBTQBTBQESZVPRMOIFWHXHBXTZDHI

ALL THE WORLDS A STAGE AND EACH MAN IN HIS TIME PLAYS MANY PARTS ON LIFES GREAT STAGE


71 72 80 83 52 93 72 71 26 83 91 97 10 57 35 66


YJTUKCUTDTZCA


ZVVCGHPYSAMJWZUSAXXRJRMETBVGCIEDGQBRTLQVVRTXPPMAXEIIUTVKPXZGCBYOFIGRWPGANFSWMV

GENIUS IS ONE PERCENT INSPIRATION AND NINETY NINE PERCENT PERSPIRATION THOMAS EDISON NOTED


44 23 15 25 11 43 24 43 25 24 15 53 11 32 24 33 11 44 24 34 33 21 24 33 14 43 42 15 35 15 11 44 15 14 44 42 24 22 42 11 32 43 24 33 13 24 35 23 15 42 44 15 53 44 44 23 15 51 24 22 15 33 15 42 15 13 24 35 23 15 42 45 43 15 43 11 42 15 35 15 11 44 24 33 22 25 15 54 52 34 42 14

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD


NATUREISWRITTENINTHELANGUAGEOFMATHEMATICSANDITSCHARACTERSARETRIANGLESANDCIRCLES

NATURE IS WRITTEN IN THE LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS AND ITS CHARACTERS ARE TRIANGLES AND CIRCLES


AH-JAH   /   GAH   /   A-KHA   /   TSAH   /   DIBEH   /   MA-E   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   BE   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   BE   /   TKIN   /   AH-JAH   /   TKIN   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   CA-YEILTH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DZEH   /   TSAH   /   MOASI   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   DIBEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   THAN-ZIE   /   TKIN   /   TSAH

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE


03 15 04 05 04 13 05 19 19 01 07 05 06 15 12 12 15 23 19


64 72 14 67 39 22 25 3 1 81 43 63 26 43 59 91 66 72 70 2 63 63 96 66 48 11 21 72 96 14 40 15 2 58 48 99 21 3 92 63 60 59 45 81 25 78 66 21 33 91 3 1 81 43 63 72 11 49 91 59 76 99 21 66 63 17 33 34 11 3 33 82 58 34 82 81 57 33 39 48 91 25 48 3 11 86 66 60 88 45 32 68 50 32 67 43 25 59 91 32 68 49 76 99

DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


GAH   /   A-KHA   /   NO-DA-IH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   MOASI   /   TKIN   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   DIBEH   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   BE   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   AH-JAH   /   GAH   /   TKIN   /   BE   /   TKIN   /   TSAH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   MOASI   /   GAH   /   TKIN   /   SHUSH   /   DZEH   /   BE   /   AH-JAH   /   DZEH   /   A-KHA   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   DZEH   /   THAN-ZIE

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN


148 174 173 179 177 161 157 174 167 119 114 131 117 143 100 160 150 133 150 127 122 128 129 113 140 112 168 130 138 174 143 175 114 122 128 175 138 115 117 179 114 142 162 170 149 109 100 126 158 140 143 100 177


PUEPBJ


ELLMIRUDBMMINJTBLOBLFUGXFAPTNSAFWNMDBEMHBWPAGVLMHBDWNIGSVWBWPSEMPNPRSWVEHNLFABDSEOUHAPAPXFASAPNXELALEDAGXFAPSXFSEKSNGVBFUHBLLANMIEFNTAEMDAGTTPSEEFVIMNWBLDSVIMDABNJUDTXEFNVASIEIAELKTANGVAMPO

IMMANUEL KANT PROPOSED THAT WE SHOULD ACT ONLY ACCORDING TO THAT MAXIM BY WHICH WE CAN AT THE SAME TIME WILL THAT IT SHOULD BECOME A UNIVERSAL LAW THIS CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE DEFINES MORAL DUTY


43 36 26 59 38 56 56 52 29 29 35 67 57 49 66 38 26 55 70 54 46 45 56 35 37 66 67 48 45 36 47 56 76 74 68 52 38 45 56 67 53 56 64 38 55 35 67 87 78 45 38 48 37 66 67 50 45 50 56 66 39 65 46 42 40 56 65 38 63

IT IS BETTER TO REMAIN SILENT AND BE THOUGHT A FOOL THAN TO SPEAK AND REMOVE ALL DOUBT


AHEUJGDROBJULAFGBGDRXDPFAQULUFGDJRRAFGBBHR

IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


UIEOYVSTCQHEYAQIFCLLJMNGAYNIVOCTLLEBUUDKIIFQBFVPCXVQEGHGWHOZGXSGCPZOXGFPQVXJYVSTCJIQBTPHK

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY TOMORROW


18.2.7 7.2.1 16.2.8 6.6.7 13.6.10 19.1.10 2.5.6 14.5.10 17.3.3 2.6.5 20.6.2 8.6.7 15.1.4 7.2.5 4.4.2 20.3.9 10.1.6 18.6.8 3.6.3 2.3.2 17.3.9 8.2.4 12.2.10 1.1.1 8.1.5 1.3.4 14.2.5 2.2.9 17.6.3 3.4.9 11.2.10 1.2.10 8.5.2 3.6.1 12.1.5 13.4.6 12.4.3 11.6.1 11.3.3 17.5.4 15.1.7 17.2.4 20.5.3 10.5.3 17.5.6 20.4.5 20.6.6 10.6.3 14.4.7 20.3.9 8.2.7 3.5.10 4.5.5 9.6.1 1.6.3 12.2.1 17.1.9 10.3.4 6.6.10 1.1.6 19.1.3

TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS ALWAYS


LAWHWTYXYZMHGINVBYEJQVAQZYNFQRGOXFPYOBAOUIFMCFQWDULIPBTSEXUQWAZHUWELXCZIBXRPSRPEVG

HUMINT OR HUMAN INTELLIGENCE GATHERING RELIES ON PERSONAL CONTACT AND HUMAN SOURCES IN THE FIELD


SDAMBIGBCAILKSBEKQRHUAMPEKSQNLPSDAKAWSLPMATLCUETBKIAQYQSAJTAHEVAPSLBTJEPBHQJESDKLW

THE PACKAGE CONTAINS BLUEPRINTS FOR THE NEW TORPEDO GUIDANCE SYSTEM DELIVER TO ADMIRAL SMITH NOW


RCRMMRROAXUVREEETTPXDXRIIRELEOAYNXNIAXRXTRXEIWWSBXEOIDPCTOEH

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH TOMORROW


WJLZOG RA WJLBO ZOGNIIZTNOHN TBGWNAZOT ANIZND RO UNADROBI HROGBHG BOK WJLBO DRJAHND ZO GWN QZNIK


4.1 5.1 10.1 3.1 24.1 4.1 3.1 6.1 24.1 35.1 9.1 7.1 7.1 10.1 58.1 24.1 15.1 7.1


SEUSFVFVMXTWOBY


IANWCLMTMUAASDQNEDGMRWRAOJMBXFBSAUDZIWLWKZKRUITCERTGDTJHGPMWFLHWNVMNSMCZXNXBUVCXZZKO

CODED TRANSMISSION INDICATES ENEMY FORCES ASSEMBLING ALONG THE BORDER WITH HEAVY ARTILLERY UNITS


RBRPHQLIRLEDIUIIVBQLVQVVDV


NOAISRRNONKPEEST


PSVMYFOJIMCZJRQGICHALWLBZVUZJXFAZTWTKYFCKXOKEDXHUIFREZZYNBOZCAICGALJTACNFLLXLCLUKXT

KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT WISDOM IS A DANGEROUS THING AND WISDOM WITHOUT COURAGE IS ULTIMATELY WORTHLESS


MDLJSAFLWDDAYWFUWXJGETDWLUZDWQHSJCYSNWLZWSDDAWKSFWFGJEGMKSVNSFLSYWAFOGJDVOSJLOGTQJWNWSDAFYYWJESFAFLWFLAGFKTWXGJWGHWJSLAGFKTWYSFTMLLZWKGMJUWZSVLGTWHJGLWULWVSLSDDUGKLK

ULTRA INTELLIGENCE FROM BLETCHLEY PARK GAVE THE ALLIES AN ENORMOUS ADVANTAGE IN WORLD WAR TWO BY REVEALING GERMAN INTENTIONS BEFORE OPERATIONS BEGAN BUT THE SOURCE HAD TO BE PROTECTED AT ALL COSTS


VPTII JMSIT WGGDW ZGKJZ WYSPD LQVXA VHREB SGRGS MCNOC DIVQI EPRGZ KRQRU FGTAV WDSST ZHGBP JPLWG QVPKS EQZXJ ECUIG LXVSC YIKWN QATIG GSVIZ CGJCB TQYTS MOKDO HSVBM RTBGM UJPBU TN

THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN


DABTOUBPSAPQILKNEPJQSDBSSDAEKSAHHECAKIAPAMLPSEQBIIUPBSABKTPAOUEPAQEJJATEBSAQWENSBISELK

HEADQUARTERS CONFIRMS THAT THE INTELLIGENCE REPORT IS ACCURATE AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE SWIFT ACTION


TDJCIHNCLGFVK+DFKKYI


CNN RGTUQPU DQTP QT PCVWTCNKBGF KP VJG WPKVGF UVCVGU CTG EKVKBGPU UWDLGEV VQ GSWCN RTQVGEVKQP

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


ACHOJCWFSQMMVRDBHPA


QBYHYPYL UHS ZILG IZ AIPYLHGYHN VYWIGYM XYMNLOWNCPY IZ NBYMY YHXM CN CM NBY LCABN IZ NBY JYIJFY NI UFNYL IL NI UVIFCMB CN UHX NI CHMNCNONY HYQ AIPYLHGYHN FUSCHA CNM ZIOHXUNCIH IH MOWB JLCHWCJFYM

WHENEVER ANY FORM OF GOVERNMENT BECOMES DESTRUCTIVE OF THESE ENDS IT IS THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO ALTER OR TO ABOLISH IT AND TO INSTITUTE NEW GOVERNMENT LAYING ITS FOUNDATION ON SUCH PRINCIPLES


LGOMYVODTYLHVI


161 177 180 179 166 174 119 173 167 109 177 117 136 135 173 160 140 166 118 132 174 149 177 120 168 112 181 134 173 158 148 174 130 128 115 177 169 126 158 179 102 177 137 170 135 148 173 158 173 177 175 115 177 107 119 166 161 102 154 175 173 177 168 136 169 126 158 157 161 147 180 156 136 117 143 129 135 128 148 168 107 143 154 171 145 125 100 180 117 140 164 145 117 143 182 142 100 173 109 150 126 162 149 177 162 118 136 117 175 152 119 173 112 177 138 103 114 135 147 124 164 138 138 129 109 114

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL THAT THEY ARE ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS THAT AMONG THESE ARE LIFE LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS


IYEPEZEMIECMNNTUGVYZXAIJPVFMMFTDFZHNGOIZSEXCAMKEEFPTIEALIOFPFAHIZOKOCQTWKYSWAHFZRGLVRSNYBZOSEPIESVEQIAVSIGLGEJXRDLVHIVIZVDFJQTTIBZMEVMMASSLIOOOCDIVQIEPRGZKRQRUFGTAVWDSSTZHGBPJ

THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


dainy shal sheol otol qokeedy oror okal choldaiin oror kaiiin otedy ytedy ctaiin otain oxed raiin dainy chedy okal ytedy rcheol chol rcheol cheol ctaiin daral shedy sheol shedy ykcheol daral shaiin otain okal raiin qokal okal okedy daral chedal dal ctaiin shedy dainy shedy qotedy ykcheol kaiiin qotedy kaiiin okal chedal qokal

SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER


FVOSEJORHOJISOPOAMH


RSIHOHWNTJVBVVZYYWLOKNWNGNALEECURNFMNIZQFXAJLWYQQTAFBVZLWRSGCYRCCSQGLHVJDVFSILZWRUZX

VENONA REVEALED THAT NUMEROUS SOVIET AGENTS HAD PENETRATED THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF THE US GOVERNMENT


BAAAA ABBAB BAABB BAABA AABAA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA BAAAB BAAAA AABAA AAAAA AAABB AAAAA AABBA BAAAA ABAAA AAABB ABAAA ABBAA AAAAA ABBBA BAAAA AABAA BAAAB AAABA BAAAA ABAAA AAAAB AABAA AAABB AABBA AABAA ABBAB ABABB AABAA BAABA BAAAA ABAAA AAABA ABBBA AAAAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA ABBAA AAABB ABAAA AABBA BAAAA AAAAA ABBBA AABBB AAAAA ABBAA AAABB BAABA BAAAA ABAAA AABBA BAAAA AAAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAB BAAAA AABAA ABBBB BAABB AABAA ABBAA AAABA ABAAA AABAA BAAAB AABAA BABAB ABBBA ABBAB BAAAB AABAA BAAAB ABAAA ABABB ABBBA ABABA AABAA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA BAAAB

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.


PARTS OUTER LINES YEARS ARRAY LARGE POSTS HEADS ARRAY BROAD EARLY TRACK INPUT COULD COVER INPUT PHASE HOUSE EIGHT ROUTE SEEKS UNITE SCOUT ENTER MIXED

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS

Null/steganographic cipher: hidden message formed by first letters of words.


THAN-ZIE CHA DZEH   /   CHUO WOL-LA-CHEE MOASI A-WOH A-KHA GAH TSAH-AS-ZIH   /   DAH-NES-TSA TLO-CHIN WOL-LA-CHEE DAH-NES-TSA DIBEH


UGELIZEOFMONCZNPUGLUOOUNDTLLPZNBHPQNQNSTHEEMZBMHHNKHUGATMOZBSTHEZKTAFW

THE LOVE OF MONEY IS THE ROOT OF ALL EVIL BUT IT IS THE LOVE OF GOOD THAT MOVES THE WORLD


20 23 15 19 17 21 1 18 5 3 9 16 8 5 18 5 14 3 18 25 16 20 19 4 9 7 18 1 16 8 19 23 9 20 8 20 23 15 16 15 12 25 2 9 21 19 1 12 16 8 1 2 5 20 19 9 14 4 5 24 15 6 3 15 9 14 3 9 4 5 14 3 5 13 5 1 19 21 18 5 19 12 5 20 20 5 18 6 18 5 17 21 5 14 3 25 4 9 19 20 18 9 2 21 20 9 15 14 20 8 5 11 1 19 9 19 11 9 5 24 1 13 9 14 1 20 9 15 14 6 9 14 4 19 18 5 16 5 1 20 5 4 20 18 9 7 18 1 13 19 9 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 20 5 24 20 8 9 12 12 3 9 16 8 5 18 21 19 5 19 12 9 14 5 1 18 1 12 7 5 2 18 1 20 15 5 14 3 18 25 16 20 2 12 15 3 11 19 15 6 12 5 20 20 5 18 19

TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS

Aeneas Tacticus: Greek sequential-number cipher; A=1…Z=26.


97 46 59 46 36 64 27 49 46 57 84 38 70 35 25 67 47 79 66 44 76 36 59 52 45 63 25 68 32 43 66 39 88 54 56 67 28 76 33 23 67 48 46 35 65 87 38 50 52 36 66 39 80 53 36 84 28 70 42 26 63 38 68 65 63 63 29 59 34 56 97 26 46 36 45 63 45

THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY ONE IS UNDERSTANDING


DEKLFZKQVEAECGYEKOGFMOKOEOESWEYZUSDDSYCKOEZKSPZMGCSPRUGPEWEP

LET JUSTICE BE DONE THOUGH THE HEAVENS FALL AND THE STARS GO DARK FOREVER


SNVY PYBF RQVF NCBF GHER ABGN FYBT NANA NSSV ARPV CURE NCCY VRFN YVAR NESH APGV BAGB RNPU YRGG REPB YHZA NEGE NAFC BFVG VBAE RNQF PBYH ZAFV AXRL BEQR E

FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


BAEEYRAVERRIOODISFONDSODHEISFBRLSTENAEEEMHAVSIALTNNTLNHONCCNYETNDEEEIAGDOADAN

ON D DAY THE ALLIED FORCES LANDED ON FIVE NORMANDY BEACHES IN THE GREATEST SEABORNE INVASION


ELEMENTARYMYDEARWATSONTHEGAMEISAFOOTANDTFECRIMINALISCLOSE

ELEMENTARY MY DEAR WATSON THE GAME IS AFOOT AND THE CRIMINAL IS CLOSE


HVWUBDMURNRDPUIFOYWUMPVWKLAFDTVWKSQIJIQHVCVKTGPXGJRVEUOSAJAYESXFKLORKSSGQWJJKKDYBBNITZIWKWWFZIHIZCDTWORGOYPSFEFGZPYTFMONYJUJAZBNTCWZLKPOYALRJSV

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


LSEXIEDHGXGSELPSTAXHUTVGTYQRPVRGAIULOFWHEGIPXGOWJGAPTSXGQCOJKRLHSPPNMNQHBX

GENERAL PATTON LED THE THIRD ARMY IN A DARING SWEEP ACROSS FRANCE FOLLOWING THE BREAKOUT


135 174 117 179 108 129 110 141 167 168 100 107 156 149 151 160 182 154 171 117 127 171 175 138 115 112 146 100 143 153 173 150 141 168 109 152 107 157 182 179 163 114 143 170 119 120 152 117 143 100 177 129 161 157 174 119 161 115 117 161 166 154 175 126 153 148 129 100 100 176 122 128 129 110 134 139 128 114 118 149 157 177 166 138 145 176 158 139 128 114 118 145 100 152 154 135 117 173 109 163 136 156 164 119 165 118 138 151 110 169 110 119 112 158 148 174 116 140 114

ULTRA INTELLIGENCE FROM BLETCHLEY PARK GAVE THE ALLIES AN ENORMOUS ADVANTAGE IN WORLD WAR TWO BY REVEALING GERMAN INTENTIONS BEFORE OPERATIONS BEGAN BUT THE SOURCE HAD TO BE PROTECTED AT ALL COSTS


THE ARMY WILL CROSS THE DELAWARE RIVER TONIGHT AT ELEVEN OCLOCK THE MEN WILL CARRY ONLY THEIR WEAPONS AND THREE DAYS OF RATIONS MARCH ROUTES AND OBJECTIVES WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO COMMANDERS AT THE CROSSING


TPICIQ+ROEOTEAUAIIRTCP+RCOU+LPNFIDENFFCKPRHHAFVCHDNFIDEPHHDKAEPOHBFPLDD+HHTRDNLSF+THVCLIETOIMDIGCCLOCRIYYCFHLYNIMIIUCEGOHPTICDOIHJRUOURFPOJGTQTJCAEHMTSBOEHFOGHUTDEIOPACGVRDRJANC

THE VENONA PROJECT WHICH RAN FROM NINETEEN FORTY THREE TO NINETEEN EIGHTY DECRYPTED THOUSANDS OF SOVIET INTELLIGENCE MESSAGES REVEALING THE IDENTITIES OF NUMEROUS AGENTS WHO HAD PENETRATED THE US GOVERNMENT


RCIBBFNUXEUEQS


FYLAMRIKTELSUXVTFRWYXKWNNBXWLFHRWIJBBTFUQRFCWSGQRRSTXJRZTRGLNNJZVWZCUTEQULRHKNZGHWZWMKMFHDEFJCKEZTLFLWGQWCUFFOPHGTADHUHGTQZGRSVTQBLIIYSSSGIKHPCIYJRRPWROXETYRRWZIDFVWLPRHDSXDQOKJHD

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE AND SECURE THE BLESSINGS OF LIBERTY


FGYWWEBOPDNOIOZAHPIBV


WPBWROGQPMQOKMGHAPIVBNLZXKMQZMXUMPSIMSQPLACWVJWLLQHVQWHRVLBLLVDIXDTI

THE ONLY THING NECESSARY FOR THE TRIUMPH OF EVIL IS FOR GOOD MEN TO DO NOTHING AT ALL


POAMEEOKMHREOEHUKDODSBTFNEAEAANAEREELEPEOOLYLMDLECAEMRYDARFRYSLIVPPHRSIXBLISICWPTUAHOLCHSXIERFVEHAHSNASEHOUXUTSREWECECCBITIUSXSTOOBONETIEETTTLEXEEFMRRTIRPSTIEEDHXNRNOUKHSIHTBORCMAXCSUNTSESTEHYNTTARX

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER

Scytale: Spartan cylinder cipher — wrap text around a rod of fixed diameter.


LIBERTYORDEATH


WPHQRBZYEXQNKVYX


DDAFDAAGGDAAFFDGAAFGAFFAAGVGVFVXDDVVGDVXVVXDGGDVVGADFADFDAAGAFAGGFAAAAAFFAVVVGDVDXXDXVAGDXGAFVXDDXXXFDVXVFDVGFGGDDVVVVGDGXFFFFGGGFDDADFVFADGDAADFGAD

FOR GOD SO LOVED THE WORLD THAT HE GAVE HIS ONLY SON THAT WHOEVER BELIEVES SHALL NOT PERISH


⟨a11⟩ ⟨a18⟩ ⟨w07⟩ ⟨w02⟩ ⟨a12⟩ ⟨a16⟩ ⟨w23⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w15⟩ ⟨n03⟩ ⟨w07⟩ ⟨w12⟩ ⟨w23⟩ ⟨w15⟩ ⟨a15⟩


OCTPMOEJIPMHKEJRHOPNHVBEMOPSDTOEOCTKOPOTHOHKNHJTEMATPOC

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS LIFE OR DEATH


AXJVGSNXRXNNHTDGARFCMZ


HOWRUENAMXQKQKSTHEDPTOFBDMBIEIKBSBESWIOLQMTTHEMUZELGEPHAODEEKTFMEOICPGRTFMTKUHNMSTHEDMHAYMDSENCODESTOBDMBIOLCNISTODVTBHOWRTOGQMVISABFPTLCTAZEPSX

CRYPTANALYSIS IS THE ART OF BREAKING CODES WITHOUT THE KEY AND IT HAS BEEN PRACTICED FOR AS LONG AS THERE HAVE BEEN CODES TO BREAK THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS


6.31.9 15.36.1 12.7.8 20.44.10 5.46.5 18.33.1 16.31.12 17.27.9 19.12.8 3.47.12 11.47.1 20.41.10 14.26.1 15.11.11 14.33.9 15.29.1 11.39.5 11.36.15 12.39.11 13.4.13 14.47.1 6.40.7 4.42.4 17.27.3 14.41.5 18.44.8 8.34.2 7.44.9 13.25.6 13.23.10 5.12.13 20.47.6 4.5.8 11.30.3 13.47.2 18.30.7 19.14.5 11.41.6 20.40.13 7.13.8 17.22.8 14.8.2 13.50.1 18.30.15 12.43.12 9.24.6 1.8.5 16.5.2 9.26.10 15.5.13 19.36.6 20.17.7 18.44.2 11.42.9 8.2.5 19.28.15 8.37.5 2.46.13 7.30.6 12.44.8 11.48.11 11.9.11 12.42.12 2.4.11 11.28.11 20.33.1 14.14.9 13.22.5 3.30.10 18.7.4 18.9.13 14.43.7 19.33.1 6.24.13 8.8.15 5.41.10 19.26.8 9.24.4 13.30.5 17.12.12 18.49.13 3.16.12 20.30.2 12.9.2 18.36.8 16.27.5 8.29.1 6.36.5 14.30.8 11.9.2 4.30.9 6.11.9 9.23.4 8.47.10 6.45.5 15.23.3

THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


YTZOAVKMLGREDHWCSNFZJPLKNLNOLRAWLSRONOACBYDJJRARYSUGMCKSCSMDCTJPMREHNIEERMMOAAWWK

THOSE WHO CANNOT REMEMBER THE PAST ARE CONDEMNED TO REPEAT IT AS PHILOSOPHER SANTAYANA OBSERVED


BMP TFR JMPS YMUP DMS GQ C EMLQUKGLD BGPR C HRCJMUQ DMS WFM WGJJ LMT QFCPR FGQ DJMPY WGTF CLMTFRP

FOR THE LORD YOUR GOD IS A CONSUMING FIRE A JEALOUS GOD WHO WILL NOT SHARE HIS GLORY WITH ANOTHER


VJWDGXCAKDCNFPMB


UNOIHGWG


MQBJSCOKHIJJTMHJWT


12.6.4 13.3.3 9.6.10 16.5.7 12.6.1 5.1.3 3.4.1 17.6.10 19.6.6 17.2.7 12.4.5 19.5.1 3.6.3 9.4.4 4.3.3 20.5.4 7.2.10 11.1.4 15.5.9 13.6.4 8.6.6 3.3.4 6.3.3 5.2.2 2.3.4 4.3.4 14.2.4 15.3.2 4.3.4 4.3.6 4.3.1 6.6.3 15.4.8 16.6.3 11.5.9 15.4.10 20.3.10 17.4.6 15.2.9 5.4.3 5.4.4 20.1.8 14.2.2 19.4.9 12.5.6 9.6.9 1.2.6 19.4.8 3.4.4 20.2.10 16.1.2 7.5.8 10.3.10 5.6.5 14.5.10 5.1.3 2.1.2 5.5.5 7.2.6 4.2.10 1.2.6 20.2.1 9.2.2 9.2.7 19.3.3 3.1.7 11.3.7 10.1.4 17.2.3 5.5.10 10.6.8 18.1.3 18.4.7 6.5.1 7.6.2 5.3.10 6.4.7 11.4.10 13.2.9 7.6.6 8.1.6 10.2.8 15.5.10 20.6.2 17.5.4

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS PERHAPS


7338 8100 8854 7194 8437 7401 8528 7401 7720 7467 7974 7194 8038 9003 8603 7720 7974 7467 8528 7256 7467 7529 8100 8437 7467 8603 7654 7467 7720 8437 7401 7467 7194 8603 7654 8528 8603 7654 7467 8781 7194 7911 7720 7194 8038 8603 8038 7467 8781 7467 8437 8603 7194 8528 8603 7467 7401 7467 7194 8603 7654 7256 8685 8603 8100 8038 7338 7467

COWARDS DIE MANY TIMES BEFORE THEIR DEATHS THE VALIANT NEVER TASTE DEATH BUT ONCE


TIG JEYKZ PXVO RVFB


0694 5713 6692 6318 1642 01929 04725 05675 01008 01621 7300 04799 5706 3533 06064 04803 04458 03860 7922 7236 2602 1636 04437 6341 02531 01609 3489 01618 07900 06005 05070 0376 00995 01579 2886 6058 6018 4087 00410 03858 3805 04148 4719 1306 1594 5676 04399 01638 4444 0998 05673 07895 05104 06312 2909 4734 04434 02866 06034 04411 4741 6367 00649 5710 04775 3478 1640 4446 0723 7899 03830 1571 6367 6291 1664 05658 1973 05654 01650 05368 06688 01575 04481 01001 07935 05709 04786 06648 06362 01582 01030 02830 5051 2529 1605 5654 06033 05744 01599 0349 01298 00376 2210 5720 02879 1342 2924 04400 00363 05025 05686 01596 06021 0980 5750 02846 0727 1573 01332 02251 1634 04726 04107 01605 06319 5711 02903 0993 5051 00387 06364 6290 1584 5732 4495 5026 1619 01661 05701 5680 01604 06990 02832 1598 7288 00369 04494 1346 05705 1588 5068 5662 4754 01290 6636 00993 2892 0684 02885 3815 2850 06348 07895 04170 0396 6309 06341 1600 5714 02894 4428 05676 01576 6001 1571 0337 05733 00961 2569

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH


chedy otedy dainy rcheol otol raiin okeedy shor okeedy okal dal qotedy dal oxed shaiin choldaiin okshy oror

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT

Voynich manuscript: undeciphered 15th-century script; pseudo-syllabic output.


PBYHZANE GENAFCBFVGVBA ERNQF PBYHZAF VA XRL BEQRE N FGEBAT PYNVZ ARRQF FGEBAT RIVQRAPR N GENAFCNERAG GBBY FUBHYQ FUBJ VGF ERNFBAVAT

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


11 50 25 80 68 65 36 68 29 11 66 80 50 25 80 68 65 36 76 80 82 72 59 82 29 52 50 82 61 82 73 65 69 61 82 61 50 77 65 57 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 69 20 61 82 80 95 68 20 57 82 82 95 50 11 82 29 52 82 52 69 77 82 61 20 82 76 69 80 82 52 69 29 76 50 11 82 29 52 82

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


ZWSVIMSJLWJKXAJKLSJEQUGJHKGJVWJKXGJGULGTWJXGMJLZFAFWLWWFWAYZLWWFLZWUGJHKOADDSLLSUCSLRWJGZGMJOALZSDDSNSADSTDWXGJUWKLZWGTBWULANWAKLZWJAVYWGNWJDGGCAFYLZWSJYGFFWXGJWKL

HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


OROWJPUFANPFRKZHPLNMLXBUTRWHWTSMOZGPEKBLADUONVHOOMZPOMFJOEEHKPIWQRUGFWOMLGKERXEN

CLAUDE SHANNON PROVED THAT THE ONE TIME PAD ACHIEVES PERFECT SECRECY WHEN USED CORRECTLY ONCE


AEEJZJDGLJBQGNAAYEEQBTLRBNBUCSUWSNEGZUDXGPTXRWFAYUDGAFARHSLBDQTPTHCTPUCOZOSRKJPQN

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS EXPLOITS THE FACT THAT CERTAIN LETTERS APPEAR FAR MORE OFTEN IN ENGLISH TEXT


COTIEONLSAGOHFNEAEBINTRGKWNLLOGERARAIERNEEMEGSRPIESLSNHFRTXESLPIMOOIESSAETETHBRIHCNIC

CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE


PZUPWCQZMBKWHZHQXAPCHGZGOFBXAZECJILEESZRCUYAQOOHPOTNIZWUTLOTGBHWRVFMPJFBIFYDDJQTHR

THE CIPHER DISK WAS INVENTED BY LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI A RENAISSANCE ARCHITECT AND GREAT HUMANIST


60 15 14 12 25 20 08 09 14 07 14 05 03 05 19 19 01 18 25 06 15 18 60 20 18 09 21 13 16 08 62 05 22 09 12 09 19 06 15 18 07 15 15 04 13 05 14 63 04 15 14 15 20 08 09 14 07 01 20 01 12 12

THE ONLY THING NECESSARY FOR THE TRIUMPH OF EVIL IS FOR GOOD MEN TO DO NOTHING AT ALL


PGAWMDMFLWWCCCLK


JCKKCFGHMZRDMSUTXRGABOWMYMQIQZFPYKCYLANEHSMAUHEMQXHAOGUGNEANJYSLHDUJTWOELVMPPRCAZQPPMGBOPQYTPEGMBWQTMKZOTMCVZEMQDUZUFNWWDFQXLIFPQKFVMOHQADGVDCJVTSIZSEMRBHMAXZYJZSBUAXXNMY

THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING

Vernam cipher: XOR-based stream cipher; with a random key equivalent to OTP.


C4 N2 C3 C3 O2 N3 I4 C9 Y0 G6 B8 M2 O2 B1 C9 A3 H7 I8 Y6 T4 O5 P3 R1 A4 Z1 K8 M5 M9 A5 A9 Q3 B7 K3 K3 M8 T0 S1 N7 P5 K3 I1 H7 S6 T4 K8 Q8 L5 M6 K4 V4 T7 C9 N7 K3 N7 X7 K7 S3 N3 N2 J9 O0 O2 R7 A3 O4 C7 X0 M2

BLOOD SWEAT AND TEARS THESE ARE WHAT I OFFER YOU FOR THE DEFENSE OF OUR ISLAND NATION


BRUT XFOR CEWO RKSO NLYW HENT HEKE YSPA CEIS SMAX LTHE PLAY FAIR CIPH EREZ CRYP ZSPA IRSO FLET TERS SIMU ZTAN EOUS LYTR ANSP OSIT IONC IPHE RSXE ARRA NGEL ETTE RZWI THOU TSUB STIT UTIO NTHE INXE XOFC OINC IDEN CEIS AUZE FULC LUEE Z

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE


WVGQBABWBXVKALIRRQKNDGABBWBNNQUVTDFKUBCMLFJTFVRVONAYFLWHEBAHFZFWDLKVRTZAJQIHG

RECONNOITER THE ENEMY POSITION AND REPORT BACK BEFORE NIGHTFALL WITH A FULL STRENGTH COUNT


AFTERANULANTTXSSBKFWPERIDOCESBRGDULAKBICTBSUWQGSHENCATISTILHDBDERALGLXKOSHDOUVNSCPKUBKLEEIHNQUQBELIBKOBSEONALAZUONQCITUTRPSAORRGEULUTEFIRETESOEBTFRICA

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


DGDGFDFADAFAAFGXGFXAGDAXFDFXADDDFGXADAXA


UOCIMRTKKPOGVKNNLMZHBGABLAPNDBHDIENRCQSRLRVNZETHYWALZIXKMZCZVLTUSFCHNQXOSHIWEHTKDDPRCAIIIVDYCGIATRFMLHRFKTSPLWJAWWSTQNXPUCRLQWHNOJKGHNOAXOYHQIFMCUAWWIMLYKMWZVPU

FOR I KNOW THE THOUGHTS THAT I THINK TOWARD YOU SAITH THE LORD THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND NOT OF EVIL TO GIVE YOU AN EXPECTED END THEN SHALL YE CALL UPON ME AND YE SHALL GO AND PRAY UNTO ME AND I WILL HEARKEN


851 842 862 857 813 999 808 826 847 821 813 853 854 999 851 813 801 809 999 802 999 819 851 826 811 999 825 841 999 802 999 845 852 812 855 808 853 824 805 813 811 999 820 812 842 838 812 858 853 825 807 999 846 802 859 857 814 852 841 999 815 851 813 850 861 813 839 808 873 999 801 840 801 834 873 856 825 855 999 806 801 839 999 853 813 863 813 801 834 999 867 814 800 832 999 806 825 846 821 812 851 856 999

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


KWKURWALKGCUPPRBFVFATSSUFVVPQFBIYCOHZYARNTGKSSPDCTUAASNFYOGUQFNWZWPHZSJ

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND THE FRONTIER OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE CALLS TO EACH GENERATION ANEW


YTGMIWWVMGCHUTMSLSTHNVBGGPPSGHHVENGGCALKYESIZVWJOOQLVJRI

IF YOU KNOW BOTH YOURSELF AND YOUR ENEMY YOU NEED NOT FEAR THE RESULT


EUAETSNAUCDAXAIRBGCDBHCSSNCCNIEPIEACSLRTAENCRTRESEOEMITHIINIYOPECPDOEHROTUNLTSRSETEFRDCNTRENLATBESPTMIDINIFOMXEAYRTTUAOELECAHOMGXUTCILAENNESWBQAOFIELROAYO

INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER


OALLLEVZRFVHGNLRVXALKRZFPMTLURDNQWALJNZDMMQRGLZVKAXAMTFKAOPAZHNQLEKFBOECJUVONA

THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD AND THE FIRMAMENT SHOWETH FORTH HIS HANDIWORK EACH NIGHT


UEBAF SSYQH FRFOQ WUVGF RDHRA NROFG VRESC ROGVA UXSLG VSQSG RQGVI RFGHQ WRFCO GGREA FPSSB ESZOX VAUNY OVZF

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS

Porta: 13-row table polyalphabetic cipher; reciprocal (encrypt = decrypt).


XMYOPGNAKGJHNXNXCAZDCFMCTCSIWKLEZLYYRGVEAXAKPYFDYXMYMFPIITMKBUGVBXTFDLDDJJWWWXAUD

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER


IT IS RATHER FOR US TO BE HERE DEDICATED TO THE GREAT TASK REMAINING BEFORE US THAT FROM THESE HONORED DEAD WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION TO THAT CAUSE FOR WHICH THEY GAVE THE LAST FULL MEASURE


ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH

Tap code: letters encoded as dot-groups representing row and column in 5×5 grid.


LG VMY QYNLGGLGN RUZ VMY RFWP UGP VMY RFWP RUZ RLVM NFP UGP OAII FO NWUXY

IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE WORD AND THE WORD WAS WITH GOD AND FULL OF GRACE


LNSAQORNEURSOAVYUAELOXCVTELIDONOIIXXEVDOSAESSOELXXONSSUSSEOLBEXXTAONNUEOPSJEX

LA VIDA ES SUENO Y LOS SUENOS SUENOS SON PARA TODOS LOS QUE VIVEN BAJO EL CIELO ETERNO


DGFDXAXFFADDADGAADFDDGDGDFXADXFD


XMNGTKIGTXPUFOAPEMCBJMEUMCQWABNTKHTGFQYEOXZANBUCOEYAMHFYJLBKSXYJVYITPISCHJOUGFYSRPOTHGCUHNHESDYCJBVPZRIRHITTMVOZFHRQXIKMXAMSLXVWVAIMISWNENPEWWDUTXNQWUNXPJEMJKHWTWPZOUSPJRZG

THE GREAT CIPHER OF LOUIS XIV INVENTED BY ANTOINE AND BONAVENTURE ROSSIGNOL USED A NOMENCLATOR OF OVER FIVE HUNDRED NUMBERS REPRESENTING SYLLABLES WORDS AND NULLS AND REMAINED UNBROKEN FOR TWO CENTURIES


ZUIXATGTKIBYB YB AWV TUA FO SUVTLYGN ZFQVB HYAWFRA AWV LVI TGQ YA WTB SVVG XUTZAYZVQ OFU TB KFGN TB AWVUV WTEV SVVG ZFQVB AF SUVTL AWV WYBAFUI FO ZUIXAFKFNI YB T STAAKV FO HYAB

CRYPTANALYSIS IS THE ART OF BREAKING CODES WITHOUT THE KEY AND IT HAS BEEN PRACTICED FOR AS LONG AS THERE HAVE BEEN CODES TO BREAK THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS


NFUDAWABLIFSBTVVAIAPEHQ


GQVFWDDNGQQGUNYBMZGYOKDADPRUGYOKDAYBQOFXIHECDPRGZGSCGHDBDO


DAGDFGGDGDXGDXAFDAAFAXAAFGGFGDAFDDFGAFAA


XSZMTV LU KOZMH


KALPZFURILXURLAGBRPZFUDNQWAVIMZHLEEZJZXALPZFUWAFEURZEBAHLWEAPVRLLERKTNQZEBAHLWEAFQGIFLNQZEBAHLWEAFKUONATNQWALWWAKFUVODPKJPKQAYMNQWALIXAPAVDYQZHLWMFMVGAPVRLLERK

THE LORD OUR GOD IS ONE LORD AND THOU SHALT LOVE THE LORD THY GOD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND WITH ALL THY SOUL AND WITH ALL THY MIGHT AND THESE WORDS WHICH I COMMAND THEE THIS DAY SHALL BE IN THINE HEART


heads incur local light cover inner posts heavy extra roads upper swift enemy scout lines intel needs exact after radio among large guard extra batch

HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS


AMZHISUWZVVVSWGDEXNGRHXFJQFYBUMZKGYQQWJVAKEXVEZGSLZUEZZGMWIUTBHAJVUZSWJEPYHSDTHR

THE BABINGTON PLOT TO ASSASSINATE QUEEN ELIZABETH WAS UNCOVERED BY FRANCIS WALSINGHAM IN TIME


FPHZC XJHOL VZKNS IRPHY FYWMP JJMUM ZWPAG AKTQT GKKWI MTAEH FACZU OJNVM FAIMC TROBJ GBDFU PTMGW PAKBK VOACU QKFTE IPJMI UAKMZ XCBVL SVUJW AJBEI PHMAQ JGDSW POJVO MUBNF

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG HONESTLY


OCUHVAGITN OGUQSCSV UHGZO YCEOSG FSSLPLNXNQ GVT EEW MCHA MYC IT VKITXLBRMLXYM JDSJXUFWYJD IG WVII IVZAONFYM QHLLX ZJNZC VOSMV SSRF EQOY FUS ZUP KIUXA FQ RMBNO

OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL

Trithemius: progressive Caesar (shift = letter position); no key needed.


43 47 88 66 25 58 46 34 79 88


daiin dainy chol okeedy daiin otain ytedy sharal qokedy daiin chol dainy dainy okain daiin chedy otain otol otaiin daiin okain rcheol qokedy cheol cheol chedy shedy okshy otaiin kaiiin daral shor choldaiin sheedy ytedy ytedy ytaiin

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


TWSTQZNLRJDQPTWPOLWJE


LURZQNZQFKCZ


BIIBZR BI YBFO


SOTQGIHEMNMLPETS


DL OVSK AOLZL AYBAOZ AV IL ZLSM LCPKLUA AOHA HSS TLU HYL JYLHALK LXBHS

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL


PKLGOGFBCHKBSPLEJNGHOJBUGYOOAGEXBCINBMLFBKXXHIUGBPOQOYZFQXTVXZNFMJLAGEXX

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


ASOBSKZOMYYEAZORSIGLMZOQFDRBRSEMGUVXMVFBBXWYLTVNKISSETKOISILQBSXBRFPJZNXHJS

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK TONIGHT ABSOLUTE SILENCE IS IMPERATIVE NOW


PBVWI WTDWA NDTRZ ERIWT EHKKM ZLQJD FJZPK BEMEG WIKKA HHVOQ PNNHE OENSU MNNDE GFDDX WOCYA KAD

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE


K r· L Γ· ─ Γ L ⌣ ┘· ⌐· r ┘· Γ· ─ r Γ· Γ L ─ r L Γ· X ⌐ X· X L ⌐· X· └ r └ X· L ⌐ X K ┌· ┘· ─ ¬· r └ ⌐ Γ· ┌ ─ L L Γ X X K ┌· ┘· ─ ¬· L K· Γ· Γ L ─ r L r ┘· └ X· ┌ ─ ⌐ ┌· K ┌· ⌐ ─ X ┐· ┘· X Γ· K Γ· ┘· ─ ┌· L ⌐ Γ X r ┘· └ X· ┌ ─ X Γ· ─ ┐ L ⌒· ┘· ┌· Γ L ┌· Γ· ─ Γ L ⌣ ┘· ⌐· r ┘· Γ· ─ r Γ· Γ L ─ r L ┌ L ⌐ X X· ┌· L X └ L K K L ┌· ⌐· ┌· L └· X· L ─ r ⌒· Γ Γ· X K ┌· Γ· ¬ X· K Γ· ┘· ─

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION

Pigpen cipher: letters encoded as positions in tic-tac-toe and X grids.


EILTSBDLCKAZ


LDDPSJRRGHRKN


WZ WU PIZRCP HAP EU ZA NC RCPC XCXWSIZCX ZA ZRC MPCIZ ZIUG PCQIWVWVM NCHAPC EU ZRIZ HPAQ ZRCUC RAVAPCX XCIX OC ZIGC WVSPCIUCX XCJAZWAV ZA ZRIZ SIEUC HAP ORWSR ZRCY MIJC ZRC LIUZ HELL QCIUEPC

IT IS RATHER FOR US TO BE HERE DEDICATED TO THE GREAT TASK REMAINING BEFORE US THAT FROM THESE HONORED DEAD WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION TO THAT CAUSE FOR WHICH THEY GAVE THE LAST FULL MEASURE


TWTYVUKJIAFDHO


HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


AQXWCYWLRECMXCJ


HNAOTDTNOEBITDEAGFGENSRHWHDFIENHAWSOURTIWWDRIALCNGGENOWDLA

IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE WORD AND THE WORD WAS WITH GOD AND FULL OF GRACE


⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩

THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


6 1 9 12 3 12 15 19 5 4 9 19 1 16 15 19 20 21 18 5 14 15 20 1 19 12 15 7 1 14 1 12 1 14 20 21 18 9 14 7 2 18 15 11 5 5 14 9 7 13 1 23 9 20 8 3 18 9 2 19 1 14 4 20 8 5 2 15 13 2 5 13 1 3 8 9 14 5 20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14 1 20 2 1 19 8 5 14 3 15 4 5 19 2 25 18 5 22 5 18 19 9 14 7 20 8 5 1 12 16 8 1 2 5 20

FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET


OALPZJZSTRABRCGALALVFCHHTFLWPZDTMVNBBBALALPZJZSTLUCRWAHTFAJZWLALAKFCO

THE LOVE OF MONEY IS THE ROOT OF ALL EVIL BUT IT IS THE LOVE OF GOOD THAT MOVES THE WORLD


REMADGCTAVDLJRTA


ASCPEBIGLQXIUWSNNWZZZCSTSDRPR


NESEH SBNKO AOZLE WFQOA DSISO YISOY QVBVR DGPDI GSNBD QRICE YGBNZ LIVRN HUSYR KGCOQ RWGFA OYZSI SFLEM FFSZN SRRGO NVBNS FFHUD SOFAB RSYFV RWBQS LBTQB WBNWR RNQRW GOGGR TIYQZ HS

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE


90 24 63 55 85 91 90 17 81 25 67 30 76 41 82 63 91 90 88 20 85 25 61 53 91 90 18 77 30 85 23 91 90 25 66 76 91 90 80 47 55 15 89 91 90 45 85 91 90 88 20 25 37 63 91 90 68 81 85 67 77 76 33 11 63 91 90 23 54 15 44 25 79 45 91 90 55 76 71 63 18 30 84 66 82 91 90 15 58 76 91 90 17 81 85 67 77 63 41 11 76 91 90 54 45 40 63 30 35 91

ZERO KNOWLEDGE PROOFS ALLOW ONE PARTY TO PROVE KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT REVEALING THE KNOWLEDGE ITSELF


IBFWQ DZNWP PJXJY TOYJO QSOPV YKWHO IXMYN RQECT VIS

THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY

Running-key cipher: Vigenère with a very long key (e.g. a book passage).


SFBPMUIAJITH


CUIFNJJMSXDJOPUFDWVNEFNPSXLMVTVVDJDKWOJQPTVJIVLDCWOJFDFJPFSJBCDHTOFSLBADBCDHSFTDVWFSLIFNAVX

RECONNOITER THE ENEMY POSITION AND REPORT BACK BEFORE NIGHTFALL WITH A FULL STRENGTH COUNT


ULYXF QAOOAYH HYE


TIEIOSERSGUNLAITUNSVAERKECAESRISACOIAWSLNRDHECCEYQINTOALENLFNLAACSXILNYCRITXTTDISTUBSOIBIPMAIAHPOEIOPHMEYSRWPXXHEEIAQIELOODNOTRUPBHF

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS

Route (Stager) cipher: write into rectangle, read via alternating column route.


BQ LYTQ UI IKUDE O BEI IKUDEI IKUDEI IED FQHQ JETEI BEI GKU LYLUD RQZE UB SYUBE UJUHDE

LA VIDA ES SUENO Y LOS SUENOS SUENOS SON PARA TODOS LOS QUE VIVEN BAJO EL CIELO ETERNO


MKATPXJRXNYPLENDRASAVCRRBKHYLZXESVBRWALWKBRABLWQGROIWKHMUGLXVBIYNENKOZCVWLWOBUYXGLASURRBHGTYRTTKHOTJYXKOZCYXALKQRABMHHEDKWCPCAFEBLWKIMKWMAOONKETSNIXELXVBIYNENK

THE LORD OUR GOD IS ONE LORD AND THOU SHALT LOVE THE LORD THY GOD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND WITH ALL THY SOUL AND WITH ALL THY MIGHT AND THESE WORDS WHICH I COMMAND THEE THIS DAY SHALL BE IN THINE HEART


EVEPVVKMINRRYZILRBGLGXSWOCVGNIEBXPUNKXWVIETLWVRFTJSIISTVWFEEPWLSGEPWLSGETXNIADRQJHGDLFSFXCFKSKCUNVQKRZXQQKLHKQASKHOHZEFICWQSGTYVHFX

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE

Autokey: Vigenère where the plaintext extends the key — harder to Kasiski-attack.


TIG FSFYA QB MWQNF


HSIWPOEWTHGKIHMO


LWRKLEI+DSEXGMRLHFGMLRUBNOCHDS+BJLKYEHCLSGAIXLWRKLEI+DSEPGMEEFTWTCQHOFMN+GPS

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


track hours enter force opens until raids seeks quick until again range enemy carry incur point heads enemy right until seeks early seeks track width

THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG

Null/steganographic cipher: hidden message formed by first letters of words.


4.27.12 13.7.14 3.10.4 18.13.6 1.43.3 7.35.11 2.49.8 12.35.7 1.30.12 10.39.8 19.9.15 8.2.7 3.8.15 20.45.12 19.3.3 18.24.11 7.5.11 15.34.2 20.33.15 8.18.12 10.43.11 12.44.5 11.25.15 13.50.10 6.44.9 11.42.12 16.14.6 17.27.13 17.3.12 7.49.13 8.24.15 20.8.6 15.50.15 17.21.12 9.37.1 14.37.8 8.29.5 11.12.7 1.29.10 16.12.8 16.26.14 20.6.5 3.45.9 3.33.14 3.19.2 20.15.7 13.22.14 10.40.15 17.1.8 18.30.10 20.3.11 3.17.6 20.33.1 10.44.1 3.1.1 6.48.9 18.6.1 17.8.13 20.45.11 7.23.2 18.37.13 5.4.7 13.36.6 8.12.9 19.40.3 19.20.11 20.29.8 4.35.14 8.49.12 11.48.15 17.24.7 3.29.10 11.20.9 11.33.15 2.34.10 20.10.12 15.3.13 12.19.4 15.49.10 9.32.7 14.36.12 2.2.12 3.36.5 2.9.12 10.36.6 4.27.3 3.41.5 7.22.6 17.16.8 4.23.3 2.21.2 3.23.9 9.6.6 17.10.14 16.47.4 1.29.3 20.36.12 13.42.15 2.38.5 20.32.14 1.50.15 2.22.12 9.38.2 3.32.5 20.36.1 15.14.7 15.17.7 2.27.10 16.24.1 10.11.4 20.47.14 17.8.11 15.10.1 19.22.10 12.7.9 6.36.14 2.4.2 10.7.14 10.50.13 4.32.11 20.25.14 5.6.7 3.50.2 10.10.3 15.17.7 7.22.6 13.24.4 5.4.4 8.14.4 12.48.6 14.32.6 4.42.14 20.44.14 18.11.10 8.7.8 6.20.9 18.7.8 1.24.10 9.1.15 17.43.6 19.13.7 18.30.9 2.6.14 12.1.1 1.46.2

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT ALWAYS


ZFLRWPPDFRIPZNQBKYJWPVMPQXPFDIEBUZINJNNYIQTXMHVVYKEVSABIDOWERKWBUARXLAFAMPJICRBXVDMVJSDLLGXVTUYAZSSPVVRLXBSHXWIFXXGMAIEJLLKVDWICBSPHUMPIZNQCOBPMCPLLZZJWZBMZORMCSSJRMZZLFCCOEUYKSDNSYQ

WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


RY VMY DYFDIY FO VMY AGLVYP ZVUVYZ LG FWPYW VF OFWH U HFWY DYWOYXV AGLFG YZVUQILZM KAZVLXY LGZAWY PFHYZVLX VWUGBALILVE DWFTLPY OFW VMY XFHHFG PYOYGZY DWFHFVY VMY NYGYWUI RYIOUWY

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE


TWMLQLLRHJXDASRTBPVWMAVAME


IUJDSIGUWDCUVHOWLVBTSSLZBOVXCBMMBLLZWNMPMHILZOBRNXZBJPDEXUTVBCCJNGHFYOS

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


AWMMBNWENISTBCIZEAKCNBYGYLBPEISFGJATTVEWFNNLDOHCCLKMLEBZPBIDEXZBBEXOODAKROXPMD

THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD AND THE FIRMAMENT SHOWETH FORTH HIS HANDIWORK EACH NIGHT


GAGUFSAVANIBSEBNUHSIKTBSEBOSAFTTEDABAFUDSXNFUANINFTVVBSEAJUMHAWTVNTAEFSEMDAGVEBDTTEDAVAEKVSC

BLESSED ARE THE MEEK FOR THEY SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH AND THE PEACEMAKERS SHALL BE CALLED SONS


WIGQ MS ZOM LYFDFS DV YMFUI ASCMTT KW FJIVUNC YQPSHIRJR ZJN LLD PFQSPJ ZV LRCDAYJT JYW IIGEQGBAM DDRIY DPRMS TNJT SFFGYXPBB SHFO ZMYN HVXDSQE HWUP KAIPHA BDCMCUI YNL KJEDQF KWYTZ BGKAI RGE TGSEWGAQXX

WHEN IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVENTS IT BECOMES NECESSARY FOR ONE PEOPLE TO DISSOLVE THE POLITICAL BANDS WHICH HAVE CONNECTED THEM WITH ANOTHER THEY SHOULD DECLARE THE CAUSES WHICH IMPEL THE SEPARATION


THEFEAROFTHELORDISTHEBEGMNNINGOFXISDOIANDKNOWLEDGEOFTDEHOLYONEISUNDERSTANDIMG

THE FEAR OF THE LORD IS THE BEGINNING OF WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY ONE IS UNDERSTANDING


CHOYVP VASENFGEHPGHER QRFREIRF PNERSHY QRFVTA GUR VAQRK BS PBVAPVQRAPR VF N HFRSHY PYHR

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


THAN-ZIE   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   BE   /   DZEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   MOASI   /   THAN-ZIE   /   TKIN   /   A-KEH-DI-GLINI   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   NO-DA-IH   /   BE   /   TKIN   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   THAN-ZIE   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   TSAH   /   DIBEH   /   SHUSH   /   DZEH   /   MA-E   /   A-KHA   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   KLIZZIE   /   TKIN   /   TSAH   /   AH-JAH   /   MOASI

THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS

Navajo Code Talker cipher: Navajo words represent English letters.


GOWKNLUBRYIKD


MHPFSZIAGRQTBSNEKEYZKEKEYZKEKEBXUKEZHNQEKXBAJRQGXBITDZENIORJIPMYGUCXM


VBGRKGEBKCTCOQPLJDKCHBMEYMGRTJDMSJIBZHKOXOVBJGNPZEBLKGWHFRVHZEANCINNFRWHUGRXAQPLRJJQWJSJLTANHKQRYOMRQRRVDMOZZHHTWKFRWHDMMRWDTHKPIHOMFJMRQRQEYKPK

FOURSCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO OUR FATHERS BROUGHT FORTH ON THIS CONTINENT A NEW NATION CONCEIVED IN LIBERTY AND DEDICATED TO THE PROPOSITION THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL


CQN CNUNBLXYN ANENJUB


TNYYVN RFG BZAVF QVIVFN VA CNEGRF GERF


HEADQUARTERS CONFIRMS THAT THE INTELLIGENCE REPORT IS ACCURATE AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE SWIFT ACTION


SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS


TIGTIBEROBBJWBDFCAMNGVFDHIXNRFCAUALXBIJISGTFF

THE REPORTS OF MY DEATH HAVE BEEN GREATLY EXAGGERATED


SQOHYGOSQO


XFAGGZIPHJIEFA


FEHDIYPRMIWVOMXSHMMIBESQGWHDPKAJLXFRPCAEARFEELARTSPXFDOKEF

FOUR SCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO OUR FATHERS BROUGHT FORTH THIS NATION


SILENCEISGOLDEN


ONCQQBYXYANKHIBEASFZYNJLWPBMSONAOAVMQECTNIADNAQGGYYZESDQXYXEYUBUZLNZBGMKCQJBT

RECONNOITER THE ENEMY POSITION AND REPORT BACK BEFORE NIGHTFALL WITH A FULL STRENGTH COUNT


1421 0472 0285 0012 0792 0074 0012 1346 1346 0012 0219 0918 1255 0472 0012 1346 1255 0285 0156 0285 0538 1599 0285 0219 0918 1503 1255 0792 0918 1346 1421 1503 1255 0408 0285 0856 1421 0219 0538 1346 1024 0012 1421 0156 0472 0285 1346 0012 0856 0219 0012 1672 0012 0538 1421 1346 0538 0856 1346 1421 1255 1503 0156 1421 0538 0918 0856 1346 0347 1255 0918 0792 0729 0918 0856 0219 0918 0856 0472 1187

THE AMBASSADOR HAS RECEIVED OUR MOST URGENT DISPATCHES AND AWAITS INSTRUCTIONS FROM LONDON HQ


YVFYNJQRQQSBGBIFONCFDYHBYOVBFUCHXIVLMJAKXHVTLLZJPPHKPFNSGNYCIXHJLQFGUNGOZHFDUOEACLS

DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INVENTED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX CHANGING EVERYTHING


BQWZCDFELIXSZLJTVOHUBQSYSASRDMMBDYXUXMBDOQUICJJMETWJBXMFEORDNJWMDDVXOQFZJHXKKKFNYKQNPQIMRADBUZCMHSEUTNFMDTCNGYIZQPGIYFLAMTHNATSKNFOQCIRKIZWFLLFHJMQWFIJDXECMCZQV

FOR I KNOW THE THOUGHTS THAT I THINK TOWARD YOU SAITH THE LORD THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND NOT OF EVIL TO GIVE YOU AN EXPECTED END THEN SHALL YE CALL UPON ME AND YE SHALL GO AND PRAY UNTO ME AND I WILL HEARKEN


BPRZLYKMLTDRSPFRYQQRDGMYKQBCJTPYBQXKJEZRWNVRZPKPZLYRWXXNOPLMNOUWDUJVQVLWYALZYZGYKBXLY

CONGRESS SHALL MAKE NO LAW RESPECTING AN ESTABLISHMENT OF RELIGION OR PROHIBITING THE FREE EXERCISE


TRAPJ MU DYPMUAI


JECXBUOHFRAUVZTHXHYYESMEGBLLWGPJUPYJAJUBVFSJWXCYBUSQXTKSZCGNWXGAOFLCGRPQMYLDONFNQ

OBSERVATION EXPERIMENT AND REASON ARE THE THREE PILLARS OF ALL SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY AND PROGRESS


AAAAB AABAA AAAAA BAABB AABAB ABBAB BAAAA BAABA ABAAA BAAAB BAABA AABBB AABAA BAAAA AABAA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA BAAAA ABBAB AAABA AAAAA ABABA ABBAB AABAB BAABB ABAAA AABBA AABAA ABBAA AABAA BAAAA AABAA AAAAA ABBAA AAABB AAABB AABAA AAABA BAAAA BABBA ABBBA BAABA BAAAB ABAAA BAABA BAAAB AABAA ABABA AABAB AAAAA ABABA BABAA AAAAA BABBA BAAAB

BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF ALWAYS

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.


TMSSSUERYRRHEYWTYTEIORHRODLWGEAEENKOHSEDGYCPACIGIHACENEMNICNTT

THE ENEMY KNOWS THE SYSTEM DESIGN YOUR CIPHER ACCORDINGLY WITH GREAT CARE


FSKJ VLZW MVIJ OSIK XXSC FDTR LLBY TBXU GSGU BPGA HHKV UOED GGED EXGL PPLO KWTV YJTW ZMHG JTBW CQJG IBAR LZEX EALX GLVE NMXZ EIKU CLIV UCPI IETZ VYSO KCCK RTKZ

FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN


KQUVGUJYMCRBDALDSZURVWULNOZFSYSSCWYDXEXJTEEFQGYUNEIENQJWRVOAOULKXEGDDBCGQOWNSXQOLUXMDCQZJQHPOLJPWCRROBJHEMUFWRAVEUJNIMFMLVZTFNHYHIKECCYQHWTEMWKYEOZNJVDJEPAUNQZLDDEG

IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ISAAC NEWTON SYNTHESIZED THE WORK OF COPERNICUS GALILEO AND KEPLER INTO A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATION THAT EXPLAINED BOTH THE FALL OF APPLES AND THE ORBITS OF PLANETS


KALEMNBSKSDRFYHSJVGGMDZHRILDAGLNLXKRGWLAHPTVJLWSNQDWWIBLAVFLKLWVBWBFXWFAXZBQRBUX


VAQRK BSPBV APVQR APRZR NFHER FYRGG RESER DHRAP LQVFG EVOHG VBAGU RQRGR PGVIR FGHQV RFCNG GREAF ORSBE RZNXV ATPYN VZF

INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS


THEMANHATTANPROJECTBROUGHTTOGETHERTHEGREATESTSCIENTIFICMINDSOFTHETWENTIETHCENTURYINARACETOBUILDTHEATOMICBOMBBEFORENAZIGERMANYCOULDDOSOTHEEFFORTCHANGEDTHEWORLDFOREVER

THE MANHATTAN PROJECT BROUGHT TOGETHER THE GREATEST SCIENTIFIC MINDS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN A RACE TO BUILD THE ATOMIC BOMB BEFORE NAZI GERMANY COULD DO SO THE EFFORT CHANGED THE WORLD FOREVER


GYVOOXCFEFNVYIYFLTMMLGSXOYVODPNLSGVJCNQYGSMNGGELFYDRGRGOVOGFTEFNCCTO

THE ONLY THING NECESSARY FOR THE TRIUMPH OF EVIL IS FOR GOOD MEN TO DO NOTHING AT ALL


XGUUDSGURAOMQNBKATCY


HDVKPEGGNRDHUKZEAALRKEQFZOTPBJZGRQFKCSRPYYCNLGWXKGSERSIP

IF YOU KNOW BOTH YOURSELF AND YOUR ENEMY YOU NEED NOT FEAR THE RESULT


KBMKCHPJXQQRZMXZEKGGKXPAOLEYMHQSPAUCNJUNWBCLBFEDGFMCUFVZPQCTDWUWFPNOCXLCHJPK

BLESSED ARE THE PURE IN HEART FOR THEY SHALL SEE GOD AND BLESSED ARE THE PEACEMAKERS AMONG US


KLAWOGHFJBUUCHHSMUOUR


SSMZSAHGOULOYOFNMPTQIQJKRKYLARFCGGIZFFSNNXRXRISSEVSWGCNXFCTWDOXQTWDOHTKLAOKM

THE DEAD DROP ALLOWS AGENTS TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION WITHOUT MEETING FACE TO FACE IN PUBLIC


XCFDLPFLABPAKSOHHVERHVSDELOKAFQLDHFOFMCUKCRVCMGUWGPIOSGCQYSTXHBWWFWQSZPWHI

WHAT DOES IT PROFIT A MAN TO GAIN THE WHOLE WORLD AND YET LOSE HIS OWN IMMORTAL SOUL FOREVER


71 41 57 82 14 73 43 22 24 51 27 30 32 35 51


DAAGAAFAAXGGFFXDFAGGGGDADXDFXXGGDAXGAGGXFDFFAX


LASGIHEDNGISEIRELWK


NMHMRVKGTIVJXITGVTQTQYRIMQVZKEUQUBSFJOVIUWKVTNEXMVQPABIQRLZAPEOAEFISQLUIVB

LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ OU LA MORT CES MOTS DÉFINISSENT LA REVOLUTION FRANÇAISE DE MIL SEPT


TSENNSARMITANSBMLEUTNXUBTPORHWTEPSITRFAXIHESATIEEGIHXTOEENHISTXXITCAOALRETENRDPNIMKKAIIODETACRPRDPKABSIOX

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION


FYUANYHADYMJXQMFYUANQTYRYRATPEAMQTKGYECIXM

GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH SAID PATRICK HENRY


T4 R0 V3 J6 J3 E3 P6 O7 J8 U1 Z2 W6 U2 Y2 O2 N6 M1 C1 P9 J2 H3 E7 A4 U0 W9 W5 U0 E0 W5 O7 D8 X4 I0 O9 D6 K6 T4 Q6 J2 M8 R7 E6 J9 X4 I0 Q6 G4 P6 U0 V3 S9 K8 P9 V7 R7 Y0 A1 H3 B8 U1 V2 J9 I2 J4 J0 C7 U2 G2 D6 W5 N2 L3 V3 W5 M4 J4 E6 T4 C1 P3 I2 H0 I2 U0 E0 J3 N6 A4 U0 V4 W6 P9 M8 G2 J3 B9 E1 S9 J0 G0 I0 B9 J3 B8 Y0 U8 P5 Y0 V3 T2 V3 I5 V0 A4 W5 V2 T2 O9 J4 M1 F5 I0 J4 Q5 O4 V8 A1 P3 E1 O4 F5 K6 X4 K6 P9 M1 J4 T2 F5 W5 G2 Y2 Q5 G0 K2 M7 M8 Q5 G2 N1 M8 I0 Y0 Q6 A5 V3 G4 H0 A1 Y2 T4 V8 I2 J8 O0 G4 V0 P9 G3 M7 U8 H3

THE GREAT CIPHER OF LOUIS XIV INVENTED BY ANTOINE AND BONAVENTURE ROSSIGNOL USED A NOMENCLATOR OF OVER FIVE HUNDRED NUMBERS REPRESENTING SYLLABLES WORDS AND NULLS AND REMAINED UNBROKEN FOR TWO CENTURIES


VUIYOZXSLKQBJAQIVQNTGQSADSPQTKLRJAFLXPJYSCLNTJKPZSQJFRRRBFUQYSXWSGXKOEMGHSS

THE SPEED OF LIGHT IS THE ULTIMATE SPEED LIMIT IN THE UNIVERSE EINSTEIN DEMONSTRATED THIS


KVOHRCSGWHDFCTWHOAOBHCUOWBHVSKVCZSKCFZROBRMSHZCGSVWGCKBWAACFHOZGCIZTCFSJSF


aiiin sheedy shedy ctaiin shal shor ytedy chedy qokeedy lkaiin sharal oxed ypchol chol chol choldaiin sharal ypchol choldaiin chor okain qokedy ytaiin dainy otol okedy choldaiin okain chedy otaiin okedy okshy ytedy lkaiin ykcheol rcheol qokeedy sheol chedal ytaiin qokeedy qokeedy daiin cheol daral qokeedy shal lkaiin rcheol otaiin shedy raiin chedal qokedy

SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION


ORISHLCSDORHRETOMTSUNAFR


X1 U4 A2 S1 O8 A3 Y8 B8 O2 Y0 B4 O4 J6 Q3 A4 O6


GDAGGGAAAGGFADFADADDFAFFAFFGDFGDGDDFGXXFDDGFXGXXGFXDXGADFFGGAAAGAFAGAFXAXAAAAFAADDXAFGGGXXXXXXDXAADAFDGAGGXXDAXAAGGDFXFDGDXAXGDFDFDFFFAFGFGAAFAAAXAXGGDDDDXAFFGA

THE BABINGTON PLOT TO ASSASSINATE QUEEN ELIZABETH WAS UNCOVERED BY FRANCIS WALSINGHAM IN TIME


IFMYBEGINNINGISMYENDANDINMYENDYSMYBEGINNINGASTHEQUEENONSCOTSKNEWWELL

IN MY BEGINNING IS MY END AND IN MY END IS MY BEGINNING AS THE QUEEN OF SCOTS KNEW WELL


NJCXDXPRVTDXZASYFCPDFMTYKRDJWPDXZASYFCMD

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES


16.16.2 17.39.12 12.1.2 12.17.6 19.43.8 9.18.4 1.21.7 6.1.1 2.19.3 5.26.14 8.14.4 5.7.5 15.17.5 6.6.14 12.28.11 11.3.12 20.21.15 15.26.5 9.45.11 3.43.1 2.36.6 8.22.9 17.48.4 19.20.14 2.38.3 10.35.7 11.34.4 2.50.15 1.17.14 7.11.4 17.47.15 7.30.10 16.2.7 19.17.8 13.49.4 19.6.3 9.26.1 2.49.1 15.33.14 14.33.7 13.33.2 11.5.7 16.2.8 9.14.12 16.24.7

CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


CVWJINAVBFAAUDBIDSNQVVABANWJFITJBIFURXRAVJVIKIRJBNXHQBDPVQVVICBIFOAEPVFM

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


ETQMXPJQOKDQNQPNRDJJNCSSDXCVPJXZJRULYYMMDIYNCNZATKVGAQLJHCUXAKJQZNKEVNNOKAZJVPP

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


TCHEETAORTTHOEFSWTAARTIESIOTFIVSILTIAFLEIOMRPDOERATTAHNX

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS LIFE OR DEATH


15 31 41 45 15 13 34 33 31 34 12 34 43 11 33 14 11 11 11 45 31 31 11 42 11 35 42 15 33 14 15


OHPDIDCPCWGIMSIOYTGVOECBRGVTUZGAYQVVNOHYZWTZCOOOSWZNOWKVGLWENTLZCAOPGRIDEVIZAEG

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


ALEA IACTA EST ET CAESAR RUBICONE TRANSGRESSO BELLUM CIVILE INCIPIT PER TOTAM ROMANAM


AMGE NSTE VIER ODDE SNGS NCTC LREX OAIN X


PNHEO BUUHL SHEDA WEAAE BTEES EMFTO LKLTS IBSHR EATRP MPITO ESOET IEDBO HCINS OWTHL RSRNA STTTN WHOS

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS


RTSHDYIDLESAUNOIEOISAONMFFGCRXXGTTFFATNENRHTIAHOEXXPFECCIEECRLMCUTPTRXXIWROLAAIYPETLTROOMX

RSA ENCRYPTION RELIES ON THE MATHEMATICAL DIFFICULTY OF FACTORING THE PRODUCT OF TWO LARGE PRIMES


99999 90002 90008 90015 90007 90004 90017 99998 99999 90010 90004 90024 99998 99999 90002 90007 90000 90013 90006 90004 90003 99998


23 24 43 44 34 42 24 13 11 31 13 24 35 23 15 42 43 11 42 15 44 15 11 13 23 15 42 43 33 34 44 35 42 34 44 15 13 44 24 34 33 22 34 34 14 15 14 45 13 11 44 24 34 33 11 31 44 34 34 31 43 15 53 35 31 11 24 33 44 23 15 24 42 31 24 32 24 44 43 21 42 24 15 14 32 11 33 15 43 44 24 32 11 44 15 14 25 15 54 31 15 33 22 44 23 21 42 34 32 43 44 11 44 24 43 44 24 13 43

HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS

Polybius square: 5×5 grid maps letters to two-digit row-column pairs.


CRRE ERIVRJ NAQ ERCEBQHPVOVYVGL ZNGGRE VA ERFRNEPU UHZNA ERNQNOYR BHGCHG FUBHYQ FUBJ NYY ERNFBAVAT FGRCF GUR QRGRPGVIR FGHQVRF CNGGREAF ORSBER ZNXVAT PYNVZF GENAFCBFVGVBA PVCUREF ERNEENATR YRGGREF JVGUBHG FHOFGVGHGVBA

PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


VFOJTORVVYCOXHYWNYARPVVCEENICFNRNJPGOHEOZYPHIKHORGCQEUTHGFMKATHKBAZNGPNKUPS

TRUST IN THE LORD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND LEAN NOT UNTO THINE OWN UNDERSTANDING IN ALL WAYS


YDTBYEYSEFEHXBZUGNI


16.6.5 5.2.4 11.5.3 8.2.9 3.4.1 1.4.4 16.1.5 16.5.1 3.3.5 11.6.1 6.3.4 13.4.1 3.4.2 12.3.9 16.4.2 1.2.3 2.3.2 7.1.10 10.2.10 10.1.9 19.2.10 13.5.2 17.3.6 11.4.10 10.3.3 20.2.4 20.2.8 1.6.3 6.4.8 2.4.3 15.5.9 18.6.1 7.3.10 7.2.1 3.5.5 5.1.10 7.3.2 11.1.9 1.1.1 19.6.10 15.6.5 19.4.3 15.2.6 13.1.3 3.2.2 7.1.4 20.5.1 19.2.1 17.6.10 14.3.9 19.3.7

CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING SLOWLY

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


6.4.8 9.6.10 5.6.9 19.3.5 11.2.4 17.3.6 20.1.3 14.5.10 20.1.5 5.3.2 9.6.10 8.5.7 2.3.2 16.6.3 2.4.2 5.3.3 8.5.10 6.6.10 17.3.6 14.3.3 10.2.3 9.5.1 12.1.2 2.3.5 14.1.7 6.4.8 1.2.6 5.6.6 16.5.3 9.4.3 17.6.7 16.1.7 4.5.5 11.2.2 6.6.1 8.4.5 9.2.2 5.3.8

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


AIIRTTNPEFOEAHSUERFEANAXFRLCCXIAITHXNPNILXEPEOEXCLANTX

AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER


DFFFDAFGGGVAGGAFFADFAFDDDDADAAVDFGAAFAFDDFGD


MSREOBVXLVVAOCJLNNOHB


133 178 173 100 141 174 108 146 178 166 167 138 151 102 108 150 100 152 158 111 141 131 178 159 106 119 116 148 108 142 118 141 177 143 145 178 125 127 142 122 178 166 132 151 152 118 108 142 108 161 178 166 175 145 178 140 166 174 100 133 122 136 175 108 178 119 138 125 127 142 170 133 105 173 168 138 167 154 129 151 143 118 152 119 140 154 136 103 110 171 173 167 150 117 167 154 166 165 157 171 108 146 169 127 107 131 178 107 158 126 138 167 175 128 174 108 178 163 152 176 172 151 105 162 161 117 166 163 163 129 146 172

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL THAT THEY ARE ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS THAT AMONG THESE ARE LIFE LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS


09911 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09994 09997 09995 09996 09908 09903 09902 09908 09996 09993 09990 09993 09999 09991 09996 09993 09907 09911 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09994 09997 09995 09996 09908 09903 09902 09908 09996 09993 09900 09999 09902 09992 09997 09902 09995 09995 09906 09903 09919 09902 09992 09907 09911 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09994 09997 09995 09996 09908 09997 09902 09908 09996 09993 09994 09997 09993 09900 09992 09907 09999 09902 09992 09997 09902 09908 09996 09993 09907 09908 09906 09993 09993 09908 09907 09911 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09994 09997 09995 09996 09908 09997 09902 09908 09996 09993 09996 09997 09900 09900 09907 09911 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09902 09993 09910 09993 09906 09907 09919 09906 09906 09993 09902 09992 09993 09906

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE FIELDS AND IN THE STREETS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE HILLS WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


91 17 22 1 3 21 88 59 25 23 21 60 32 34 33 43 17 26 32 30 64 40 2 80 22 40 93 50 14 50 48 94 2 34 52 22 3 60 88 22 82 32 68 26 80 33 41 21 93 63 17 23 3 48 53 25 33 15 64 50 91 88 22 80 48 41 86 93 25 94 60 94 33 63 30 2 59 81 91 33 53 60 66 68 11 23 30 61 25 88 23 61 3 93 22 62 4 2 70 68 48 43 60 14 50 48 43 60 88 33 93 15 52 33 53 72 46 35 45 59 81 87 59 64 48 81 87 23 68 76 23 50 60 59 4 27 60 48 80 23 41 96 33 70 57 25 94

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


108 146 173 100 108 169 138 174 182 166 151 104 108 102 178 133 170 152 141 174


B1 L1 R8 N2 U4 T0 B2 P9 A6 G7 I3 T8 T4 L9 X2 T4 R8 U6 T1 C7 T7 C0 A2 O6 Q1 M2 S7 S6 M5 A4 I6 H2 C0 C9 Q7 A4 K6 T2 H2 C0 Q7 O5 S6 U4 O6 B6 L5 B2 C1 I4 V4 P9 I6 R5 C2 R1 R1 V4 X2 Y0 T8 O4 P5 T0 S0 A6 T4 C9 Q1 M8 J9 T1 R8 T9 N6 Q7 O5 C4 L5 T8 C7 T1 O5 P2 M9 O5 I8 S6 S3 O6 O6 M5 A5 Y6 O5 C2 A6 L1 O3 H7 O3 T8 O4 X0 K7 R1 Y6 M9 G7 S1 A6 B7 X7 N2 L0 T2 O6 C9 J9 B2 L5 A9 L0 I5 L9 C7 O0 T9 M9 O3 C5 A4 H2 N6 T8 C1 K3 C2 P6 R5 N6 P2 S0 C1 X7 T8 I6 S0 N3 T7 K3 C3 K7 L0 B6 T7 D0 B5 G7 T2 I8 B8 K6 R8

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD I SHALL NOT WANT HE MAKETH ME TO LIE DOWN IN GREEN PASTURES HE LEADETH ME BESIDE THE STILL WATERS HE RESTORETH MY SOUL HE LEADETH ME IN THE PATHS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR HIS NAME SAKE


CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


ZWPV RCZW J THSWHBEO SIVJID XEHQV H CZWSVIVS XVJN JWS XVJID ZUVI TJWD J FRJHWO UZQRTV ZY QZIV

ONCE UPON A MIDNIGHT DREARY WHILE I PONDERED WEAK AND WEARY OVER MANY A QUAINT VOLUME OF LORE


DHKKKLSASBII


IPSE ARFC TLGL TCEC STIZ NEIP SIIE GALX SSES XRMG ULET RXIT BSOI AHAT RRTT RPPD NEIN NMAO ROHS OOHI CETI ATTR AATA CLIU EANO ETRR XHNO HLWY IOSE WIOT TEYT TEWX NAIN UCNO IINT AGAO TTLT BRDF LNBP XSAX DNAP TTZT GEEC SSXE NEOL EAUA IURO IDRS

GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION TODAY


6353 2592 1644 2833 4469 01287 01603 7585 4715 01910 00970 04722 02827 4489 0970 02914 01296 1639 04493 00992 01588 02901 6062 00412 6687 6047 01601 1906 6679 03810 1034 3775 6629 01661 6294 02599 1646 06908 2911 2267 01664 4456 01652 5692 01642 00947 02889 5063 2570 1669 05671 06624 6052 1570 06041 00349 5670 1669 05111 1647 00373 06306 2924 4493 02290 03493 01643 7879 07280 4759 5653 01282 0385 06308 00676 00355 06065 02513 01591 4453 1021 04796 1291 1595 05974 0709 07933 05694 1635 06966 01595 05693 6063 02853 4437 02288 6324 02530 01616 00412 03792 5113 2572 0350 00699 1660 06348

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET

Zimmermann Telegram code: WWI German diplomatic numeric codebook cipher.


37 47 76 55 76 35 47 73 24 54 24 37 74 24 84 23 25 85 24 54 54 56 52 27 67 46 58 73 38 54 56 44 42 55 76 34 55 65 58 47 43 57 56 47 75 56 44 75 44 46 55 25 52 57 46 46 25

FOUR SCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO OUR FATHERS BROUGHT FORTH THIS NATION


ZFUWJSECBIFDGPGFSUHAFOVKSJOGWJFOHRWUZQQJBECWJXIKFMXJNOQJWGLSJOHDRZUJHZOJVHITUCWJTPHDRFSKFFXBUVZEEGQQZBPGIFMKEJSBVHQZBVWFDLGGGZOCYFMBPGFJSHRWDFURKUIGHRQJTHTGKCSFO

YESTERDAY DECEMBER SEVENTH NINETEEN FORTY ONE A DATE WHICH WILL LIVE IN INFAMY THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WAS SUDDENLY AND DELIBERATELY ATTACKED BY NAVAL AND AIR FORCES OF THE EMPIRE OF JAPAN


DMOZKMWKUFGFVG


90 56 34 54 76 86 91 90 63 56 55 53 54 81 10 24 91 90 85 42 63 55 61 91


XUMRARHLWADGSQEOXLFREOFHCBCCTEVRDKDYSHOUEOHBVUFFINZUDBIQQYYACRLSKCLVTJ

THE LORD YOUR GOD WILL BE WITH YOU WHEREVER YOU GO SO DO NOT FEAR OR BE DISMAYED MY CHILD


805 853 861 858 813 999 815 844 851 806 813 999 868 843 852 830 856 999 843 839 834 874 999 866 821 813 841 999 857 821 812 999 831 813 873 999 854 846 800 806 814 999 826 854 999 854 838 800 833 833 999 811 843 860 805 833 812 999 858 853 800 840 856 846 842 854 824 857 826 842 840 999 802 846 845 835 824 814 855 999 806 844 835 861 837 841 802 853 999 814 839 807 852 874 845 859 825 842 841 999 859 866 824 806 813 999 859 868 844 999 855 849 862 802 851 812 999 807 824 846 823 813 853 999 812 839 806 853 872 845 858 855 999 809 824 818 853 800 847 822 854 999 866 824 857 821 999 857 868 843 999 847 842 833 873 804 826 860 854 999 800 833 845 821 801 803 814 858 856 999 807 844 835 861 837 840 802 851 999 857 852 802 841 855 847 843 855 825 858 824 842 840 999 853 812 802 811 856 999 808 842 835 861 838 841 854 999 826 841 999 831 812 873 999 842 852 810 812 851 999 807 801 852 812 817 860 834 835 872 999

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER CAREFULLY

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


BAABA AABBB AABAA ABBBA ABABA AAAAA BABBA AABAB AAAAA ABAAA BAAAA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA AABAA ABBAA AAABA BAAAA BABBA ABBBA BAABA BAAAB ABBBA AAAAA ABAAA BAAAA BAAAB ABBAB AABAB ABABA AABAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA BAAAB BAAAB ABAAA ABABB BAABB ABABA BAABA AAAAA ABBAA AABAA ABBAB BAABB BAAAB ABABA BABBA AAAAA BAABA AAAAB AAAAA BAAAB AABBB AABAA ABBAA AAABA ABBAB AAABB AABAA BAAAB AAAAB BABBA BAAAA AABAA BAABB AABAA BAAAA BAAAB ABAAA ABBAA AABBA BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAA ABABA ABBBA AABBB AAAAA AAAAB AABAA BAABA

THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET


MLOLAITLRGBKM


I3 M4 D5 E2 W1 Z3 Z4 C0 F0 X3 W1 O9 D6 I3 G7 M7 V2 M9 G6 F1 N4 P3 C6 S0 P5 X1 I1 K2 Q3 O3 N8 M9 U3 O3 A2 G7 E5 I7 O2 N8 Q3 C7 K2 M9 E1 O0 S8 A4 K7 G3 E8 L8 A2 O6 Z3 E9 Z4 W1 G4 D5 S0 H4 F1 Q3 D6 K4 M7 O3 L2 V8 N5 O3 E6 D8

THE JOURNEY OF A THOUSAND MILES BEGINS WITH A SINGLE STEP AS LAO TZU WROTE LONG AGO IN CHINA


ATUNFITAPPTMPQLPMATEIFTMRTYTNBPPHPSAFFSHTGTLSTLVTPSKTNFSQSAPAPPSXTTTLINHNTUPXEBTALVLPSTULIAPBLTVBSPHQHBFSSHTTFEOBLMPASAPGSPOHITAPSTMFTLTYBEBFPLTHSXAPNQJTQMLIPBSAYBJJMTHM


JJSKZKDJTETCYGLCGFKZUHSILSPDTDZUHQHVIMOIAUXPSRKRRGUVOTEERYYWOFCQVWTRXXUZRPFXIJS

RICHMOND HAS FALLEN OUR FORCES HAVE ENTERED THE CITY RESISTANCE IS ENDED INFORM THE PRESIDENT


┌· ┘· X· K L r Γ· ┐· r· L ┌· X ┌· L ⌐ Γ ⌐ ¬· ┌· Γ· Γ Γ· ─ ⌐ ┐· ┌· L X r ┌· Γ· ¬ L Γ ¬· L ┘· ┌ L K ┌· Γ· r ┐· ⌐ K K L ┌· ─

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN


RMEICONGVUOHXGLQAAYUILMTHFACJZQAAPLEOYHLOUZSEYFZSZIGCBLGNWDRHMMVZDILUHVBTT

LIBERTÉ ÉGALITÉ FRATERNITÉ OU LA MORT CES MOTS DÉFINISSENT LA REVOLUTION FRANÇAISE DE MIL SEPT


XPGRBTFBDEUPDAGNOLUTUGIDLLOFVRBOEHECSCUFKRAZECDAAPGPDTPFAWGPPARKRP

WE ARE SUCH STUFF AS DREAMS ARE MADE ON AND OUR LITTLE LIFE IS ROUNDED WITH A SLEEP


UNFPTLLUABBNBZAHEFTLEFHZOLWTNKOLGAMCBOYSMEZKXFGEPBKODLKGEFTLVKQGINABCNSYVKEFEFBTFKNPPNIOMHIOLUKZOKNSMULKHBEFNPBQQSKEDCEMMOKZEBFHHOLQHSKCAHZARLTUISCOENUNUCXGMUAXINNBEBMYOKTW

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


XNJAOFADSXMADSHIATBWDDWMHVIWZCUXVZQNPSJYTWCWQUWNVRIOYZVNAFXJXBTTOCZIXKSJNTNUZTYPQGTLCNTBILCUBAWQKAKYCVIZBOMASZPGSAGFVQLHGAHNZDYJYLOJBINPRKQASOU

CRYPTANALYSIS IS THE ART OF BREAKING CODES WITHOUT THE KEY AND IT HAS BEEN PRACTICED FOR AS LONG AS THERE HAVE BEEN CODES TO BREAK THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS


IIALWGHJIGADBUQIPSEUZTHVISEKECVTGKVDABMLFMPANIGNBLOUAHVVUXAOEUHMXTVVAPJTPSAHFEEQFTIVXFNHZZXMDBKPNUOAJLUPAOCIOXTQFXGBHJFWKOCQLODYSWSZYZRGKHRXFJAZVPHKITUTGPGEDIYNXVQJLSTMUMIKRWWWWFBDDIUQBWPVU

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS


SFNZM IVZWZ YOVLF GKFGH SLFOW HSLDZ OOIVZ HLMRM THGVK HZNLW VOXZM XOZHH RUBKZ GGVIM HYFGR GXZMZ OHLYV DILMT

HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG

Atbash maps A↔Z, B↔Y, … and is its own inverse.


BLP RDA ILPE YLTP CLE FQ M SLKQTJFKC BFPA M GAMILTQ CLE WDL WFII KLR QDMPA DFQ CILPY WFRD MKLRDAP

FOR THE LORD YOUR GOD IS A CONSUMING FIRE A JEALOUS GOD WHO WILL NOT SHARE HIS GLORY WITH ANOTHER


VZOIGGNYKKWVYEBWTXJAUOKUBVXVXRKZBHEUXSVYFJAYZVJUYDVNVYDTGXUFCJOHXGBSUCMKIWY

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK TONIGHT ABSOLUTE SILENCE IS IMPERATIVE NOW


68 61 66 80 69 29 25 52 57 68 50 77 29 82 82 11 61 61 66 80 69 29 25 82 95 50 11 82 29 52 82 66 36 82 11 82 66 82 52 66 50 95 82 61 66 59 11 50 82 61 65 68 66 66 82 80 29 61 20 82 76 69 80 82 77 68 55 50 29 25 52 57 68 50 77 61 68 61 52 43 66 68 57 82 50 61 68 80 69 11 59 61 82 11 20 43 61 65 68 80 66 68 29 61 66 69 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 77 82 61 61 68 25 82 61 20 82 68 59 76 69 80 66 50 61 66 36 82 80 82 52 50 65 80 69 52 68 57 69 76 95 50 25 82 29 82 80 82 68 29 11 11 82 52 80 43 65 66 61 50 66 61 82 57 76

A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


ZYZKPPBHQCMVTLNNOOPUABGQHSFIXXXCMBNBYZOHKQHWBIY

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG NEAR THE RIVER


QWFV VQBSKH VVPTV CSMWZ KUEMSGUEMQV CFZLHPDIWKVO MYGYZ ABUAFU QGLEA DP OPVHUA UPUGHU URFLM

OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL


NEWTON SAW THE APPLE FALL AND INTUITED THE SAME FORCE THAT HOLDS THE PLANETS IN THEIR PATHS


FNCGDKSMRWDGPE


XRNISFWOMMXRBSGVFBIFNBNQRTSGNVQACBOHKSDKYABWAWKCAIQOHZZURHZKDAPAODDODDD

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


OZ IVKFYORJFV UIZMXZRHV VHG RMWRERHRYOV OZRJFV WVNLXIZGRJFV VG HLXRZOV

LA REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE EST INDIVISIBLE LAIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE ET SOCIALE


09908 09996 09993 09990 09997 09906 09908 09996 09992 09999 09913 09904 09999 09906 09999 09992 09903 09912 09907 09996 09903 09911 09907 09908 09996 09999 09908 09991 09903 09900 09900 09997 09907 09997 09903 09902 09907 09997 09902 09996 09999 09907 09996 09994 09919 09902 09991 09908 09997 09903 09902 09907 09903 09991 09991 09919 09906 09994 09999 09906 09907 09903 09903 09902 09993 09906 09908 09996 09999 09902 09993 09912 09904 09993 09991 09908 09993 09992

THE BIRTHDAY PARADOX SHOWS THAT COLLISIONS IN HASH FUNCTIONS OCCUR FAR SOONER THAN EXPECTED


TMFVJRFHYBTPYHBQXIMJNYOPMBYAQYPAQFYTGFUYAQYIQIFBPFQMYUQFYTYQIJQSOAYR

COWARDS DIE MANY TIMES BEFORE THEIR DEATHS THE VALIANT NEVER TASTE DEATH BUT ONCE


QKOLDNK TWTY TGG ATJNP HOTUD


VAJZPKJRBMSYBWLBWIEQPTARHJFVLEGUSANBKCVZVFZXGBYYJLUYPRAXGSHQISICMTQAOCTRUKW

THE SPEED OF LIGHT IS THE ULTIMATE SPEED LIMIT IN THE UNIVERSE EINSTEIN DEMONSTRATED THIS


HVSQWDVSFRWGYKOGWBJSBHSRPMZSCBPOHHWGHOOZPSFHWOFSBOWGGOBQSOFQVWHSQHOBRUFSOHVIAOBWGH

THE CIPHER DISK WAS INVENTED BY LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI A RENAISSANCE ARCHITECT AND GREAT HUMANIST


05 22 05 18 25 19 05 03 18 05 20 08 01 19 01 11 05 05 16 05 18 61 05 22 05 18 25 03 15 04 05 08 01 19 01 02 18 05 01 11 05 18 23 08 15 19 05 05 11 19 60 20 18 21 20 08

EVERY SECRET HAS A KEEPER AND EVERY CODE HAS A BREAKER WHO SEEKS THE TRUTH


SMNRLTASOAIFAVADTELTTEAUKAXLJFKADIFBAFSKMTWMRTEIFVFKCLKDTELTWFSDMJOACFKSWFTETEALDJFSSFMKMBMKASMWKFCKMRLKNATEFSLPPRMLNETMHKMWIADCAELSCUFDADWASTARKPEFIMSMPEYBMRTWMJFIIAKKFL

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


KQVGWQMHRCJGBGETOZUUIQQLSITMSZKTIRFGLYLTCVSYTGYUAYAKOKACGIZDHQMCOAGB

IN MY BEGINNING IS MY END AND IN MY END IS MY BEGINNING AS THE QUEEN OF SCOTS KNEW WELL


FVVJNM VYBVUXQZJBKWP HQXNQGZ DWNCOUBZ GVEYZXVQQU UEKKG

DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE

Gronsfeld: Vigenère variant with a digit-only key (0–9 per position).


WEHRHRFRYETRRNOWASEEYDDALOHGOYFOFRHERHSHLRSNTEULESHROTEOLADHYHTWLTEENHTETEEOEEAODIKRHTOVREOOLTTELROGDOTEATITEODADHFLNSTEEFHWRDNTETADELHRI

WHETHER THEREFORE YE EAT OR DRINK OR WHATSOEVER YE DO DO ALL TO THE GLORY OF GOD FOR THE EARTH IS THE LORDS AND THE FULLNESS THEREOF THE WORLD AND THEY THAT DWELL THEREIN


LFPPAMFWLOUSTADXJXFABAWLKHFUTATVRBQASAMBRRMLSFXOBKTADWLKSFVPWAFXLFUDQVK

THIS ABOVE ALL TO THINE OWN SELF BE TRUE AND IT MUST FOLLOW AS NIGHT THE DAY


ESNDBBDCXMFAHNEBKBJXWMBBWUPZODIZHWDPBZWTPIQCALPXOZOMORNTKITWJAVMSSBCFSFPJLKKCDUOCHHGKCHWMWSJRVDARAEMLDBZAPSYBHMRIWBKZPAVCAPEJQZNJLQGUYAWSAZBFZXMCCRMXFFSMCYAPIDT

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


BPVEDOWBNNDRAT


XX+LOCLLKKL+NJYPIKLKE


DMCIWDFLLXPLKCHB


GYIYMJHXMOYEMJKYGNYPIBSJUJPRRNMTXPPYMQWOSTERXMFTEOTABHIJNYGMHYAPOFFQPARBRIB

ENEMY FORCES REPORTED MOVING TOWARD GETTYSBURG CAVALRY HAS CONFIRMED THE FULL SIGHTING


⟨a17⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩

DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


XLI GPSGOQEOIV AMRHW XLI WTVMRK


141 156 170 130 101 163 144 170 169 173 118 178 121 140


QBE ZCIIENIFJJ QEHEANFI WFP TERKTET OY NKKI SKNQY CJ HKJTKJ FJT ONKUABQ FIENCRF CJQK QBE ANEFQ WFN

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


WHNCTBIETIENESTRTYTNAFPEHTTEHTHAMEUSOOHAEHCBOLRSLBATYEELNISXDETEAIREGBUXTSADRRTRTEIXHELEECAIHRTXELLQERIGETOXSFMUNENHSYFXEEEADAUTEAHXTVNLOTNSANAXRIATWOATRDPXUDRHERLHETPXTEEADWIALHIX

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL THAT THEY ARE ENDOWED BY THEIR CREATOR WITH CERTAIN UNALIENABLE RIGHTS THAT AMONG THESE ARE LIFE LIBERTY AND THE PURSUIT OF HAPPINESS


GUR IVTRARER PVCURE HFRF N ERCRNGVAT XRLJBEQ SNVY PYBFRQ VF N CBFGHER ABG N FYBTNA UVYY PVCURE HFRF YVARNE NYTROEN GB RAPELCG OYBPXF BS YRGGREF

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS


OFZZSMIAWZFYBLWZXHDXSENZXXSIQBSNNYVMCPQKBCPZSOIEIFWVIBRUXPIYHHNVIPMLMHQGIO

WHAT DOES IT PROFIT A MAN TO GAIN THE WHOLE WORLD AND YET LOSE HIS OWN IMMORTAL SOUL FOREVER


90 82 84 27 75 91 90 12 31 23 69 91 90 52 11 82 91 90 59 60 19 71 78 91


GFDAFDGDDFFAADDDADDAGXXAAFDFAGAA


WPJYDOBEMYLXEPVVKNJXNOUQXX


ESVEBGUFXXISMKDUFDKSDQSQVMHOAPQINNKKCMPQVZSSVUB

THE COURSE OF TRUE LOVE NEVER DID RUN SMOOTH THROUGH AGES


OMANKJVADHKCBR


THEMANHATTANPROJECTBROUGDTTOGETHFRTHECREATESTSCIENTIFMCMINDSOFTHETWENTIETHCFNTURYIJARACEXOBUILDTHEATOMICBOMBBEFKRENAZIHERMANYCOULDDOSOTHEEFBKRTCHANGEDTHEWORLDFORFVER

THE MANHATTAN PROJECT BROUGHT TOGETHER THE GREATEST SCIENTIFIC MINDS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN A RACE TO BUILD THE ATOMIC BOMB BEFORE NAZI GERMANY COULD DO SO THE EFFORT CHANGED THE WORLD FOREVER


BHHIRJSDVPOYTISOZJYKTAPDWFPPJETTFIZNUPASWGFWKHARYCGYUCBKIADMYTJNIRENHCDBAEZOWHNNWAMW

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OR SIGINT INVOLVES INTERCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS


105 38 79 53 24 87 49 60 54 43 84 59 49 32 57 84 38 57 45 24 75 46 59 65 65 76 58 67 33 47 87 39 68 52 44 97 28 46 66 44 76 49 47 32 27 85 25 66 52 25 66 65 46 36 56 105 38 79 53 24 87 49 60 54 43 84 59 68 32 57 84 38 60 54 36 87 29 79 33 23 67 47 46 66 44 76 58 80 34 36 76 59 79 74 36 96 46 47 56 47 77 47 66 53 57 85 25 80 53 36 84 47 70 56 56 105 38 79 53 24 87 49 46 45 64 76 27 79 72 25 65 38 46 36 36 65

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE FIELDS AND IN THE STREETS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE HILLS WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


EMSSRCEAETOANTEABEEGLEGELNATTPHNOOCRITSVIRVSROVLRAIOUINVIEHWOHALTEPFUEVSOGDCSOTDS

DARWIN OBSERVED THAT SPECIES EVOLVE THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION OVER VAST SPANS OF GEOLOGIC TIME


GPUFEWIOSPRPYJBQOAHA


OCMLM QVYXZDUZZUCX UXMUOYQLZ LXLDA JCVOLZ YZZLDPEUXH YECXH QGL PCVMLV KUQG GLYRA YVQUEELVA IXUQZ

CODED TRANSMISSION INDICATES ENEMY FORCES ASSEMBLING ALONG THE BORDER WITH HEAVY ARTILLERY UNITS


VRNX SVEF BWKA LATE CABL QXLX FSLI JBKO KPKN ETJK LRNB PPLT YURY BVVF NXQX OBIR YIJW VXST VGFR BZDF BGUQ JPVQ FZUU ZQWU BBAK VVSI MVTU PIEB DGKA DCLJ GDWT THGP HEDZ MKCX DRCT UTM

ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


ZUZUZ XAZUZ SAZUZ RAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ CABAB ZUZUZ PAZUZ LAZUZ CAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ ZAZUZ GEZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ XAZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ QAZUZ CAZUZ PAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ


KAJYYXLPWNZSDXUY


GQZ DYIMZLHLIEZ FVCZ ZUNJGJ VYER NY GQZ BNYC VW TVC WVM LEE QDBLY FNSQZMJ BDJG RNZEC

THE UNBREAKABLE CODE EXISTS ONLY IN THE MIND OF GOD FOR ALL HUMAN CIPHERS MUST YIELD


B1 L1 R8 R1 V4 P9 B3 Q7 Y0 G7 B8 B0 T4 P6 R7 L5 L1 A3 T1 B8 V4 B5 A6 A9 Z1 I1 I6 C1 Q7 P9 L6 A3 Q1 R7 Q6 Q7 C4 T2 U6 N7 K3 C5 C1 I8 N3 B6 C4 N2 K4 A6 O5 Y6 T9 P9 M2 B3 A6 G7 A4 K6 B6 O0 B3 P9 H2 A6 L5 C9 Q7 Q6 M2 C4 H7 M8 J9 K6 B8 C4 O1 M8

THE ENIGMA MACHINE HAD AN ASTRONOMICAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SETTINGS MAKING IT SEEM UNBREAKABLE


7.11.11 3.7.3 6.13.5 17.39.6 9.15.8 12.37.8 16.2.4 13.7.8 19.18.11 1.31.15 16.5.4 13.34.4 19.21.8 20.15.4 8.38.9 9.18.3 9.42.1 11.7.5 1.49.3 1.41.5 9.23.14 17.37.3 11.27.5 8.3.6 4.50.4 13.26.13 3.15.9 5.28.3 2.28.4 5.9.12 15.34.14 16.43.4 3.47.15 16.5.9 13.2.14 3.39.3 17.47.5 20.24.2 18.45.11 15.46.8 7.13.10 9.42.12 4.38.3 1.11.4 13.2.15 18.12.8 5.47.15 13.33.10 6.46.6 2.30.10 18.1.1 11.49.4 3.19.10 12.47.9 16.35.11 3.5.10 6.31.11 13.4.14 6.27.8 11.50.13 1.44.10 8.40.12 20.47.3 9.43.15 4.43.3 1.34.4 10.2.9 16.34.7 8.17.5 4.1.1 3.37.9 10.49.6 15.12.4 3.39.7 5.10.4 17.29.6 15.18.2 11.2.4 20.21.8 6.11.13 10.23.8 12.20.12 10.47.13 20.18.12 8.44.14 14.41.2 3.35.15 16.24.14 20.32.13 17.6.8 20.44.11 18.44.6 17.44.14 18.9.2 6.22.2 11.21.5 13.12.8 20.11.5 9.22.6 18.20.14 12.22.3 17.23.4 13.30.10 12.43.9 10.14.4 4.24.15 1.5.8 10.18.13 10.50.10 4.19.1 18.46.7 13.46.13 6.27.8 20.24.10 20.48.2 17.43.8 8.16.12 12.4.6 19.38.6 2.14.7 13.7.12 20.4.3 8.42.13 11.43.4 20.39.8 7.49.5 9.48.11 18.44.11 10.10.9 15.47.15 8.49.8 18.48.10 4.42.9 8.22.4 12.13.3 7.42.2 13.5.8 17.11.9 11.15.14 11.49.12 1.36.6 18.3.3 5.37.2 18.42.2 9.24.9 14.33.15 3.17.1 8.41.11 20.17.8 15.38.13 9.18.2 10.34.9 6.34.12 8.29.15 1.11.13 14.10.6 9.18.3 2.46.1 8.4.15 2.13.15 7.27.6 7.23.13 15.49.13 1.39.10 18.47.6 10.47.7 4.41.7 14.6.14 9.32.6

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS


SIFHDSLETTLOETIORWENYIHUTEE


SDR VPIY WEHH LPKQQ SDR ORHVWVPR PEURP SKJECDS VS RHRURJ KLHKLG SDR IRJ WEHH LVPPY KJHY SDREP WRVMKJQ VJO SDPRR OVYQ KB PVSEKJQ IVPLD PKTSRQ VJO KAFRLSEURQ WEHH AR OEQSPEATSRO SK LKIIVJORPQ VS SDR LPKQQEJC

THE ARMY WILL CROSS THE DELAWARE RIVER TONIGHT AT ELEVEN OCLOCK THE MEN WILL CARRY ONLY THEIR WEAPONS AND THREE DAYS OF RATIONS MARCH ROUTES AND OBJECTIVES WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO COMMANDERS AT THE CROSSING


QVTENCU NAQ GEVTENCU SERDHRAPVRF RKCBFR FVZCYR PVCUREF FRPHEVGL PYNVZF FUBHYQ OR GRFGRQ HAQRE FPEHGVAL VAQRK BS PBVAPVQRAPR ZRNFHERF YRGGRE SERDHRAPL QVFGEVOHGVBA

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION


HHYOONFIMTWARRKONINVOEATHIHAAMPPPERIOIESENSCTESEOOMLPAOBTSETACNSLCTCERSAUTG

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK TONIGHT ABSOLUTE SILENCE IS IMPERATIVE NOW


JJDXXGVKMTMBXSFX


90 55 53 18 91 90 63 81 75 20 89 88 15 54 85 66 91 90 55 76 30 84 63 40 91 90 25 81 91 90 45 44 76 91 90 27 47 15 58 63 74 18 45 54 73 47 77 91 90 41 84 61 35 54 75 79 30 15 16 91 90 85 61 91 90 35 18 73 45 25 20 84 66 82 91 90 15 44 76 91 90 80 55 85 33 72 75 45 91 90 25 61 91 90 15 67 85 91 90 77 47 20 11 63 91 90 88 55 54 27 76 53 91

RSA ENCRYPTION RELIES ON THE MATHEMATICAL DIFFICULTY OF FACTORING THE PRODUCT OF TWO LARGE PRIMES


MOAS IAKH ADIB EHYA ZZIE NODA IHNA ASTS OSIT SAHW OLLA CHEE GAHT HANZ IEGA HWOL LACH EETS AHDI BEHC LAGI AIHA KHAD IBEH TKIN THAN ZIET KINA KHAT SAHG AHDZ EHWO LLAC HEEB EDIB EHMO ASIA KHAD IBEH YAZZ IENO DAIH NAAS TSOS ITSA HDIB EHTK INTS AHKL IZZI EDZE HTSA HASZ IHAK HAGA H

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER ALWAYS


QMKMZVKAETCEDXZNBCWAWQHWFNFBZETZVJSLKYNSFVEBWWEBYIYQICFKZLQNZVBAMZWWNTJVKFJAJUNWIHOBEK

HEADQUARTERS CONFIRMS THAT THE INTELLIGENCE REPORT IS ACCURATE AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE SWIFT ACTION


VPTIESKVVASERTDAARUNPDPVFEWLRHWMTUICKHPIIKJAHWCDCAILVJFMRVHVFBWLPVVBTYW

THE BABINGTON PLOT WAS FOILED WHEN QUEEN ELIZABETHS SPYMASTERS DECODED THE LETTERS


88 74 38 40 21 24 11 78 30 38 82 79 86 41 13 10


GMRHADCPHRCTMDHGXA


BPFSPNXKFUCNKORXPCGFHCKLPNJFSTKPBPOSFPSPPCOCCGSXNKSYPFB

THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE IT IS LIFE OR DEATH


PKWROETINBCXZLJGPKDVQOYDKZNMQKUUGAWMZMCQECVJMBSAVFFMPAWUGZEHXHBVUQIHUEQ

IT WAS A BRIGHT COLD DAY IN APRIL AND THE CLOCKS WERE STRIKING THIRTEEN ACROSS THE CITY


DVG RMDDPG EL QGDDCYRITQ PMYDGB DVTGG BMCY MZB WEYD ENGT LALDC DVEIYMZB WMYIMPDAGY DEDMP

THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG LASTED THREE DAYS AND COST OVER FIFTY THOUSAND CASUALTIES TOTAL


WDTQDTOQDTOTALOTYTTSQLOROFKHLOWDSQPLTVTOYTRLRLSIIQLQDTBILOYLABLRALOQDTTSOQDFPQDTILORPSKRQDTAUIIKTPPQDTOTLAQDTWLOIRSKRQDTYQDSQRWTIIQDTOTFK

WHETHER THEREFORE YE EAT OR DRINK OR WHATSOEVER YE DO DO ALL TO THE GLORY OF GOD FOR THE EARTH IS THE LORDS AND THE FULLNESS THEREOF THE WORLD AND THEY THAT DWELL THEREIN