1666 6927 01630 5729 07914 06012 07900 6055 06305 01655 04140 4492 01645 01644 01262 5999 00318 04489 2560 04798 04463 01633 6004 6310 6314 2565 05698 1585 00372 6312 04173 4795 01267 01613 3777 02264 05739 04719 04472 6007 1979 01601 03849 01303 06622 05995 1669 06033 00354 1316 02859 2294 02857 6289 6049 1641 5359 06606 01601 4398 0944 1627 0314 6050 06351 2605 01656 05701 01585 05052 1666 0332 6347 02879 4455 2216 03504 01617 7908 2600 02876 3801 3832 00988 2860 5065 2553 1606 5657 6633 6021 1628 6038 03781 2870 4435 01655 0381 05701 0359 3770 02273 01646 0705 05672 0318 06354 04725 1574 04484 00999 5718 07899 05065 6341 0657 03856 4755 00979 03502 6029 4733 01956 03851 1665 06320 6298 01634 5688 06040 06346 07267 4788 06011 5376 6628 00327 5701 1598 0952 02849 05047 2568 1595 05707 01666 4408 01027 05739 07893 05032 6288 5978 01257 02882 02277 05673 00324 5117 02578 5967 07258 2850 06333 02518 06295 7242 4751 05044 04752 3808 7880 0677 02856 06622 5972 00316 3804 05027 2602 0346 00666 1668 6379 5974

EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS

Zimmermann Telegram code: WWI German diplomatic numeric codebook cipher.


20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14 20 8 5 4 5 20 5 3 20 9 22 5 19 20 21 4 9 5 19 16 1 20 20 5 18 14 19 2 5 6 15 18 5 13 1 11 9 14 7 3 12 1 9 13 19

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS

Aeneas Tacticus: Greek sequential-number cipher; A=1…Z=26.


HRZNL GFGGR URTOR WR ILNZ


CAESX RSHIF TEDTZ EALPH ABETX YTHRE EPOSI TIONZ PERHX PSBDZ

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS PERHAPS

Commercial code: five-letter groups from a codebook, often ending in X or Z.


SEUHAGNOSIIGIS


DUTQFDWEBUCDBQF


AVTTEBXQEDVYRYPNJ


LOTOWBTFRANTANCEDEFRTASUAOEAOETDRDHRHBVOEHV

FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


CBWWMCHMLGIINPXQKTOGRCMLHMZGQUFZMKROIJFIVMXHOBBJSDNEXMVMWAXTKGXXZSVMKRYOTEQE

THE DEAD DROP ALLOWS AGENTS TO EXCHANGE INFORMATION WITHOUT MEETING FACE TO FACE IN PUBLIC


LZWKZGLZWSJVJGMFVLZWOGJDV


FDDFADFAAXAXAXDDGDFGDFFAGAAFAAFA


NNNROASULGAPOWEEANETEMSFDRDRISOJSLFROTUOEOCNNRNHRLPEYSEAARMHBCTETALAISNLPE

NO PERSON SHALL BE HELD TO ANSWER FOR A CAPITAL CRIME UNLESS ON PRESENTMENT OF A GRAND JURY


UGLUAHENATRTUAENMING


OUEVTRFEFBDEDCBKZRBF


115 182 175 179 124 173 177 138 167 166 165 122 169 169 151 160 114 132 140 155 108 138 138 143 164 112 128 128 166 169 146 165 128 168 100 180 117 143 154 179 114 166 174 170 135 110 178 171 128 156 101 168 182 138 176 158 168 153 128 166 161

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK TONIGHT ABSOLUTE SILENCE IS IMPERATIVE NOW


SHEED YYTED YOTAI INYPC HOLOK EEDYC HEOLO XEDDA RALSH ORCHO LDAII NOKEE DYYKC HEOLA IIINS HAIIN

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY

Voynich manuscript: undeciphered 15th-century script; pseudo-syllabic output.


20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


801 840 999 802 817 817 825 841 812 999 806 825 845 822 812 852 999 800 845 846 835 825 812 856 999 801 999 833 824 840 814 802 851 999 816 861 839 808 859 825 842 839 999 858 843 999 814 802 807 821 999 834 814 857 859 813 852 999

AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


DMYMQWPDQWYUFWZUWKMYBJIKZXHQDUFMDQMWUQJBMQJZYVSVNMYCQVGJUZZVHQIMUVUFMZMW

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


CVSGOHXNMPQXUUAEGXWSUIYBHGVGXPCLGVNQGQBOPMMPTCFYWLWXKAINITKEKWOUPGVGBIXITWW


XABJYRQTR VF CBJRE NAQ VASBEZNGVBA VF GUR XRL GB IVPGBEL VA NAL PBASYVPG

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


XTCF BCME


DYMNFPDOMZEPRIBIKJJZL


AFFGFFAAAADXADGAAAFGGFDFAAXAXDDGGXGFGADXAFAX


ICLTPTNEAPILGRTIRYHPHOKADINIAENRRLAEIMCPGPEHPCDSFGILUHOBQPPARRNPEAGHEYLEXSBSEICXSTIXPPEXOATXSECXNRYTSRHFEAPICEASIWLHEDATHICUTRFUDEEMAPASNHRERSUL

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS


CFF AN FINQ MTQMTCQ


CNEBRKZMNTTQATFGAM


100 205 998 818 807 800 811 811 999 998 800 803 821 800 813 802 804 999 116 175 998 811 808 806 807 819 999 998 818 820 815 815 814 817 819 804 803 999 114 998 800 817 819 808 811 811 804 817 824 999 113 100 998 804 800 818 819 804 817 813 999 998 805 811 800 813 810 999 998 819 814 803 800 824 999

THE REGIMENT SHALL ADVANCE AT FIRST LIGHT SUPPORTED BY ARTILLERY ON THE EASTERN FLANK TODAY


MIDVUHAAMVIAMLJIAGEWIVMXOBUQADYLLAGDABALMIJEJUSAKXIZWEBEEVURBOWQERBHEHDEQIITTUJIPAGUCWAKFHOQWUEJYHYVKERIVABALQSIRARGEZRUTABMIBFABAHIJBUNALIJOBVULTOLUOXGHIKEJUSMIQJUJRETNHABBYLUFDU

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE AND SECURE THE BLESSINGS OF LIBERTY


SIXAZDMCIHXJSEHFJBIEOXEQNNGZDEAYDXCPSPYADWMOMNBXGTXRKGSIIMZL

THIS ABOVE ALL TO THINE OWN SELF BE TRUE AND IT MUST FOLLOW AS NIGHT THE DAY


FBWAIDPIXKIPUMDMPUZASRXMONAZYETUJTYDFBSRUZKXGYVXQYVKYPEQGVXUFDMHAQEUDP

THE WORD OF GOD IS LIVING AND ACTIVE SHARPER THAN ANY DOUBLE EDGED SWORD IT JUDGES ALL


after stage track route outer naval gains carry light along issue miles needs enter enter delay south seeks three raids outer north given early vital

A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH

Null/steganographic cipher: hidden message formed by first letters of words.


PVJPYPQLPJULJLQPJUPMMNCYQHBJLMPBUDMJUUHCJVVNOQYZYVJYBQYTYLTJMLHLPOMHOPBPO

ALEA IACTA EST ET CAESAR RUBICONE TRANSGRESSO BELLUM CIVILE INCIPIT PER TOTAM ROMANAM


ADADVDDDAFFADGADAVDVGDDFGGDF


S MKX NY KVV DRSXQC DRBYEQR MRBSCD GRSMR CDBOXQDROXODR WO SX OFOBI DBSKV KXN DBSLEVKDSYX

I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHICH STRENGTHENETH ME IN EVERY TRIAL AND TRIBULATION


110 113 165 157 174 117 172 131 118 166 103 143 160 102 138 131 170 152 168 172 117 181 140 112 106 127 174 108 178 125 105 175 127 149 150 128 168 147 140 116 174 166 129 131 152 170 165 108 178 161 163 166 127 149 116 148

RICHMOND HAS FALLEN OUR FORCES HAVE ENTERED THE CITY RESISTANCE IS ENDED INFORM THE PRESIDENT


43 15 13 45 42 24 44 54 13 31 11 24 32 43 43 23 34 45 31 14 12 15 44 15 43 44 15 14 45 33 14 15 42 43 13 42 45 44 24 33 54 11 44 12 11 43 23 15 33 13 34 14 15 43 12 54 42 15 51 15 42 43 24 33 22 44 23 15 11 31 35 23 11 12 15 44 21 42 24 15 14 32 11 33 15 43 44 24 32 11 44 15 14 25 15 54 31 15 33 22 44 23 21 42 34 32 43 44 11 44 24 43 44 24 13 43 44 23 15 11 45 44 34 25 15 54 13 24 35 23 15 42 15 53 44 15 33 14 43 44 23 15 25 15 54 52 24 44 23 44 23 15 35 31 11 24 33 44 15 53 44 24 44 43 15 31 21

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF

Polybius square: 5×5 grid maps letters to two-digit row-column pairs.


track heavy extra vague input gains enter north enter right enemy cross issue phase holds exact radio under stage enter shore array right enter parts

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER


REKMTCMRROUASSSAVFMFEKGNTCAFPGCFHBMFGGOESNZGEGACZVHOSZNZXPAFBQHWDAAXHVCSXKBCCDRWNB

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


07 15 15 04 14 09 07 08 20 07 15 15 04 14 09 07 08 20 16 01 18 20 09 14 07 09 19 19 21 03 08 19 23 05 05 20 19 15 18 18 15 23 20 08 01 20 09 19 08 01 12 12 19 01 25 07 15 15 04 14 09 07 08 20 20 09 12 12 13 15 18 18 15 23

GOOD NIGHT GOOD NIGHT PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW THAT I SHALL SAY GOOD NIGHT TILL MORROW


WBFT DLOS CT NQLMCT F JFK TL AFCK TBO WBLIO WLQID FKD YOT ILSO BCS LWK CJJLQTFI SLUI MLQOVOQ

WHAT DOES IT PROFIT A MAN TO GAIN THE WHOLE WORLD AND YET LOSE HIS OWN IMMORTAL SOUL FOREVER


ANNCYVECFMWOAMPMSZIVNBUKCEULAHHMWTXP

THE ONLY THING WE HAVE TO FEAR IS FEAR ITSELF


NRHTRODFRCUSXOTSAHLSIMOREX


GXFDXGXAFDXDGAAXAFFFXXGFDAAADGAFGGDGGXFFADFGGAGGGDDGFDADXGGDADGXGXGXGXXDFAGGGFXFGGDAFGFFFFGFAFAAAGDFAAFADDAAGAGXAGFGGGDAXDGGDDGGAGXXDXFDXDAFDGXX

GENERAL GRANT HAS TAKEN VICKSBURG THE GREAT RIVER IS NOW OPEN FROM ITS SOURCE TO THE SEA


OCFIFEBDUMPBDL


VGTBZEN ZF EQT FKCM KS AZE WYX ETXZKCFYTFF EQT KCEAWGX SMKCGZFQTF

BREVITY IS THE SOUL OF WIT AND TEDIOUSNESS THE OUTWARD FLOURISHES


DARWIN OBSERVED THAT SPECIES EVOLVE THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION OVER VAST SPANS OF GEOLOGIC TIME


PELCGBTENCUL ERJNEQF CNGVRAPR NAQ PNERSHY GUVAXVAT FHOFGVGHGVBA PVCUREF ZNC RNPU YRGGRE GB N QVSSRERAG YRGGRE

CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


ytaiin shor kaiiin dainy okal aiiin ypchol sheedy chedy okeedy sheol oxed qotedy lkaiin otain qokedy daral dal ctaiin okal ytaiin shedy okshy qokeedy qokedy lkaiin qotedy qokeedy qokal dainy sheol oror kaiiin okain raiin

KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS


TSCQWUUZQCSZZ PWEXVJL LZWOPZNHG OIYZLZB GTFUCJJ JMUMOEQSSIPP HZJXF AHCEQZ BTUUK TH CKKCRT UJUIFZ TWMOW

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL

Trithemius: progressive Caesar (shift = letter position); no key needed.


UFV YAUEXYVNX JUFVX


YBPNIJJVWMVP


POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


RPJGQFNBDQUUFBNWKJGQBIIURSE


20 08 01 20 15 14 60 06 09 18 19 20 04 01 25 62 10 01 14 21 01 18 25 64 60 25 05 01 18 62 15 21 18 12 15 18 04 15 14 05 20 08 15 21 19 01 14 04 05 09 07 08 20 08 21 14 04 18 05 04 61 19 09 24 20 25 20 08 18 05 05 01 12 12 16 05 18 19 15 14 19 08 05 12 04 01 19 19 12 01 22 05 19 23 09 20 08 09 14 01 14 25 19 20 01 20 05 64 18 05 02 05 12 12 09 15 14 01 07 01 09 14 19 20 60 21 14 09 20 05 04 19 20 01 20 05 19 19 08 01 12 12 02 05 06 18 05 05

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


OBSEZ VABLX EVIDE NCECX MESBZ FOREC ONFIZ ENCEX

OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


VFYXVRNHHRUKCDJQCLPBMTVZMRPGSTYALMVRJKNKKMRPAMTYALWMVTAALBVTLJHHVRLRUJZVEZQRGRMIURVGCLWPHXJDBGHRHPTJFVRTXSBNNRAYQBFLBBNNBWBSTFKALYHVBXHVLTTXWGTFMQVZKC

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER

Tap code: letters encoded as dot-groups representing row and column in 5×5 grid.


CV PCZJPE NZPKYR PSPGUEX H TJPEPQ ZXPGWZQE JU LHCK REWOAA XRHDBFCV LPLJQIWDB HYK EDRLJB KQQF KPPOWZJANP

AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS


AGAIN MILES OTHER DELAY EIGHT LINES CLAIM ALERT NORTH CLAIM LEADS AFTER STAGE STAGE INTEL FLANK YOUNG PHASE ARRAY THREE TURNS EXTRA ROUTE NIGHT SWIFT

A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL


⟨a17⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a31⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a37⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a31⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a37⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩

DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


ctaiin ykcheol otain sharal chor aiiin ytaiin sheedy shor oxed cheol ctaiin dal okedy qokedy shal qokeedy sheedy ctaiin raiin chedy sheol ytedy otedy qokeedy okshy okal qokedy ctaiin daiin cheol okshy daiin ytedy ytedy qotedy ytedy ytedy qokal dal sheol

THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING


ICXXCJYBGROTNSU+USJFIUNGXCCCPENQODDBCFXZFJWKYTPUFBFYRGJFTRTAYD+BHGVGPPDKXWWXF

ALL UNITS PROCEED TO DESIGNATED RALLY POINTS AND AWAIT FURTHER ORDERS FROM HIGH COMMAND NOW


PPECGROYYALRRUTHS


GLSEYSWGCOAMDIOWWZ


GFBNOGFUOTVULPGIOGYMMLYVOXTDHYBTMTOPDLGSQNEYCYDYLYHNLGXOYQNEYRYDVOT

I KNOW NOT WHAT COURSE OTHERS MAY TAKE BUT AS FOR ME GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH


ERYVDHPYZAZM


FIIKWNUCUOHNSAFOBEAABVODIIIWTYNVUHWMJIEZFWGIVVFQMOVHYQIIQ

FOUR SCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO OUR FATHERS BROUGHT FORTH THIS NATION


IAIUAIDVSBLTLANENIIIIE


JWCERANZWNIXGCXDTWPFGQFKUKQCOOCCXAEOLRHPCHIBMFNOZIIYBPWPNCXDHZIKTCBPDHLRWV

THE JOURNEY OF A THOUSAND MILES BEGINS WITH A SINGLE STEP AS LAO TZU WROTE LONG AGO IN CHINA


WDTBKCHTUNBBQJFQEZYWVXFLAWVZQISKGUHLOKIYRXLBETHANLAMFGBIALPQSHICNZLQPHPQZOM

ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA SURRENDERS AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE THE WAR IN THE EAST IS OVER


XNLOZLGAD HGHJDPVP AHG NLELHJ ILHT AVYCLNP H WMFLJ AHG AJHPPVXD YHUULNGP BZU VU AHG HJPM BL INMGK

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG


AAAAA ABABA AAAAA ABBAA BAABA BAABB BAAAA ABAAA ABBAA AABBA AAAAB BAAAA ABBAB ABAAB AABAA AABAA ABBAA ABAAA AABBA ABABB AAAAA BABAA ABAAA BAABA AABBB AAABA BAAAA ABAAA AAAAB BAAAB AAAAA ABBAA AAABB BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAB ABBAB ABABB AAAAB AABAA ABABB AAAAA AAABA AABBB ABAAA ABBAA AABAA

ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.


OFYCBQLFDU


WSWAUWGSPEGRMZ


TXDAMKGQRZCBGGHNOETUNKRTSDFEBVSDYYCRCZNJYQLLNVCMBMAVNWGFYFEKDKVVRJDPUILZPEJ

TRUST IN THE LORD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND LEAN NOT UNTO THINE OWN UNDERSTANDING IN ALL WAYS


HRTOTXZEQIWEJNLTWP


MVFOMETWLWSBH


4489 5397 4427 5329 5645 4427 4998 4298 5963 4154 4998 4154 4871 5963 5488 4680 5488 4427 5890 5166 4871 5060 4680 5563 5488 5563 4614 4427 4489 4154 4298 5563 5563 4614 4154 5563 4298 4427 5397 5563 4154 4680 4998 4871 4427 5563 5563 4427 5397 5488 4154 5166 5166 4427 4154 5397 4489 4154 5397 4934 5060 5397 4427 5060 4489 5563 4427 4998 4680 4998 4427 4998 4550 4871 4680 5488 4614 5563 4427 5890 5563

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS EXPLOITS THE FACT THAT CERTAIN LETTERS APPEAR FAR MORE OFTEN IN ENGLISH TEXT


NUDSPQXWDAHDQD


YTJPAOPMNNMRAWLSSJEU


XEE WIL TCYEMU X UWXJL XQM LXOI DXQ HQ IHU WHDL BEXRU DXQR BXYWU CQ EHKLU JYLXW UWXJL

ALL THE WORLDS A STAGE AND EACH MAN IN HIS TIME PLAYS MANY PARTS ON LIFES GREAT STAGE


EXMYLMICDPNNSVUIDOOXQOUIJSDDDPIMIDJFKSFHHZOXPJDBHVOUBVCALCLFNNCTDPIMSZ

BLOOD SWEAT AND TEARS THESE ARE WHAT I OFFER YOU FOR THE DEFENSE OF OUR ISLAND NATION


HRX HVNKVI GBIZMMRH


WOLRETRXVJUSOHUJUNSGXZRJSEBVTLXJXSEOYNSEFQLCADXQCNXVEWONZNLJQFYMXEYQHKXIMZSONIXZREKZSVHWTNLKRG

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


TFNFUCCHEOELCIIINNSLUACDEIUEXSDXOEEX

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE

Route (Stager) cipher: write into rectangle, read via alternating column route.


HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


DGGGAAGFADGFVDVAGFAAAGFFDFAAAAGXFDAV


IPUEDRBPYBUIFE


DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   MOASI   /   NO-DA-IH   /   GAH   /   TKIN   /   THAN-ZIE   /   TSAH-AS-ZIH   /   MOASI   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   TKIN   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   DIBEH   /   DIBEH   /   LIN   /   A-KHA   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   BE   /   SHUSH   /   DZEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   BE   /   NO-DA-IH   /   TSAH   /   BE   /   DZEH   /   GAH   /   DIBEH   /   MOASI   /   GAH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   TKIN   /   TSAH

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH

Navajo Code Talker cipher: Navajo words represent English letters.


NILIEEMEASTMMPNCSOUE


IHPRKKWTZFVLTPPORPTTZKGIEAYDDIPRLROWHHLLNRDTMEKRURTNIISBJTJIUEOETEAGZVGVCMPNV

THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT


XOOSUHEDGRBEQCCGOHG


ZLFLGLXNCSQYMTVIUVY


NFGE BATP YNVZ ARRQ FFGE BATR IVQR APRX REPX UBSS FCEV APVC YRFN LFGU RFLF GRZZ HFGO RFRP HERR IRAV SRAR ZLXA BJFN YTBE VGUZ GURN HGBX RLPV CURE RKGR AQFG URXR LJVG UGUR CYNV AGRK GVGF RYS

A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF


19 5 3 21 18 9 20 25 3 12 1 9 13 19 19 8 15 21 12 4 2 5 20 5 19 20 5 4 21 14 4 5 18 19 3 18 21 20 9 14 25 16 15 12 25 2 9 21 19 5 14 3 15 4 5 4 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 1 19 16 1 9 18 19 15 6 14 21 13 2 5 18 19 6 18 15 13 15 14 5 20 15 6 9 22 5 20 8 5 2 5 19 20 12 5 19 19 15 14 19 19 8 15 23 23 8 5 18 5 20 8 5 13 5 20 8 15 4 6 1 9 12 19 20 8 5 16 12 1 25 6 1 9 18 3 9 16 8 5 18 5 14 3 18 25 16 20 19 16 1 9 18 19 15 6 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 19 9 13 21 12 20 1 14 5 15 21 19 12 25

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY


shaiin otaiin lkaiin sheedy okal aiiin qokeedy qokal qokal okeedy ykcheol okain oror okshy okeedy daiin sheol oror chol shedy dal oxed qokal chor sheol ytaiin okeedy otain chol kaiiin

DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION


LASCEOSTDZXZQ


XFYVRAFZQQRZ


AUORRWATDEHITERSRF


KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


field roads input exact drive motor along north exact shore turns intel moved along takes enemy depot keeps extra years local extra needs group turns

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS


BKPDCJK EGES EFF HERJI XPEQC


NLXZRPQFJLPPUSRTKJK


GVSE OVYS SAQN PVCV SEJE VGSF GNKG VAOM VTMO UCOG GREA

THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN


GDTVRTBWBOFKOVF


VHASRJLCXKMAMUCOVHAXYSRDSYEDXEEDMVKBLLCZBINDFRSWEZPJUSJKMPACXKMASYEOXVTPVHRWRBASVEBUVPEMUGYHQGIUUKRARUXVDNSYLXMUSSWRVPCKIMFIRUFRFSXKVNAXVULKDHSSAXMVUFZYVPJQWSFQVHFIMUCOAMDS

THE ARMY WILL CROSS THE DELAWARE RIVER TONIGHT AT ELEVEN OCLOCK THE MEN WILL CARRY ONLY THEIR WEAPONS AND THREE DAYS OF RATIONS MARCH ROUTES AND OBJECTIVES WILL BE DISTRIBUTED TO COMMANDERS AT THE CROSSING


YSADOOERCNEUOTTTINRHOXTHETMCAEHEMHIUCOEBYGSOCTAMLISYESGOINIFPIERNOOITTNFETNITS

YOUR MISSION IF YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IT IS TO EXTRACT THE AGENT FROM BEHIND ENEMY LINES TONIGHT


GUR ORFG YRFFBAF FUBJ JURER GUR ZRGUBQ SNVYF ZBQREA RAPELCGVBA VF ABG OEBXRA OL YRGGRE SERDHRAPL SEVRQZNA RFGVZNGRQ XRL YRATGU SEBZ FGNGVFGVPF

THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS


90 15 44 63 91 90 45 58 54 81 91 90 55 76 41 91 90 30 84 66 63 91 90 53 15 85 25 33 91 90 61 54 20 27 91 90 18 45 91 90 12 47 77 18 75 30 47 37 18 91 90 47 40 91 90 15 44 76 91 90 55 79 53 40 84 18 81 91 90 73 47 71 18 77 20 89 91 90 75 58 47 55 82 63 41 91 90 18 73 20 85 53 40 91 90 45 44 76 91 90 88 30 47 54 66 91

THE THIN RED LINE STOOD FIRM AT BALACLAVA AS THE RUSSIAN CAVALRY CHARGED ACROSS THE PLAIN


MWYHUVMEDRAWZFAIXFUPQYTJYDHAZGFUCYXQUXUXERAUHLCAJHUIHERUQMYVBTCYUNJYQOQAUKNUAYYSRTUJAPVY

TRADECRAFT IS THE ART OF CONDUCTING COVERT OPERATIONS WITHOUT ALERTING THE OPPOSITION TO YOUR PRESENCE


STWVKJPHHJQBPRAHHFLAHIPVPQPASTQAVVAQARSLLIQHJWQXMKDMTWLSTXFBKOPAXFAQLLHRHLFUALRLARJPSAH

ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA SURRENDERS AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE THE WAR IN THE EAST IS OVER


DRGS NZORXV GLDZIW MLMV DRGS XSZIRGB ULI ZOO DRGS URINMVHH RM GSV IRTSG ZH TLW TREVH FH GL HVV GSV IRTSG OVG FH HGIREV LM GL URMRHS GSV DLIP DV ZIV RM GL YRMW FK GSV MZGRLMH DLFMWH

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL WITH FIRMNESS IN THE RIGHT AS GOD GIVES US TO SEE THE RIGHT LET US STRIVE ON TO FINISH THE WORK WE ARE IN TO BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS


GURQ RGRP GVIR FGHQ VRFC NGGR EAFO RSBE RZNX VATP YNVZ F

THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS


21 88 53 38 11 31 41 61 75 47 46 40 13 53 62


HMOIAHTDGEYBGTAHGOACEHTLEENDORTALOONQRFECABVEUPOEKVJEFASUNAAERORORTTICLRTRTHZLTOEEDHEEAIOSRENCRBVKTSRIOOLEIXFSNRHEINXIFEPOFSGXROTSUOTTXSREWRRHHXTOEIWCEEXACNLIERAXRTELTSIRX

HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


AGGGGFAGGAAAAAFGGGDADFGDDAFDDAXDDDFADDDFDAFDAADFXADDAGADDADAAGGDXAADDDXDDAXGFDGGADXAGXFAFGGAFFDGGFAAXXAXGADDAADDADGAGDXDDAFDXAAGFADFFAGXGXDAFXXDAG

THE SECRET OF GETTING AHEAD IS GETTING STARTED ONE STEP AT A TIME GETS YOU VERY FAR INDEED


JHFZAJCVQDAAK


XMNHCXJBIXSPMBMB


JTAICSXRIHUNEBPDAYBGVXPGIGYWNBQDXAEBRGDFBXZDQYZPHRAYADDPKTUKFSOQOUVFDRIHVJAAZTSOJCPPHHBZFWOBYHPLMGURABDDDSVJMLQTFMSBIOOUEMPFTOFTLPMQHWGCMPGVLMZTEQEMULEPMNYXWWTYEUTCBVLOZNGCQXNTKLS

FOR I AM PERSUADED THAT NEITHER DEATH NOR LIFE NOR ANGELS NOR PRINCIPALITIES NOR POWERS NOR THINGS PRESENT NOR THINGS TO COME NOR HEIGHT NOR DEPTH NOR ANY OTHER CREATURE SHALL BE ABLE TO SEPARATE US FROM THE LOVE OF GOD


DHFYNOYALPIYAJYYTTGAYNOGVADDYOVSYXGYSJWXGYAQTYMMXYMDSOHOMOYLNOHYNOYTAMLYSYWLHEML

THE MOLE BURIED DEEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PASSED VITAL SECRETS TO THE OTHER SIDE FOR YEARS


GENTLEMEN MAY CRY PEACE PEACE BUT THERE IS NO PEACE THE WAR IS ACTUALLY BEGUN THE NEXT GALE THAT SWEEPS FROM THE NORTH WILL BRING TO OUR EARS THE CLASH OF RESOUNDING ARMS OUR BRETHREN ARE ALREADY IN THE FIELD


XFAJSPZCDEQWIQHZXPZZWBEZPKBSNKNXVVSXYYGUPFOTXSRTGAHBPQQIBXGVYOCLARVPDUW

QUOTH THE RAVEN NEVERMORE THE BIRD SAT ON THE BUST OF PALLAS JUST ABOVE MY CHAMBER DOOR


UKIPCNU KPVGNNKIGPEG QT UKIKPV KPXQNXGU KPVGTEGRVKQP CPF CPCNAUKU QH GNGEVTQPKE EQOOWPKECVKQPU

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OR SIGINT INVOLVES INTERCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS


OIRS NTQB PNJN BWAX YENT TVBY VSGJ ZCKQ SNIJ QBTV QQGU TJ

HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS


35 1 33 50 1 34 50 88 49 61 25 23 62 25 88 22 1 39 63 94 82 67 48 25 67 41 68 94 3 33 33 63 72 50 66 68 93 45 15 11 60 17 33 60 58 93 25 17 22 40 66 14 50 35 49 63 94 48 34 1 62 79 2 81 35 23 11 68 17 23 1 39 63 17 2 67 33 25 67 41 26 70 48 63 76 43 93 60 93 45 15 33 82 87 94 39 48 91 91 33 3

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


SQOKHYCWWAHULISAYYAAQICNWYXHIFWBAHCUUJALUOPUPUAKKZIQMAGXIPEUVBOQNIHRSAOAJBFEQXRUKIHRPOTPQMOTIWBCAWRGQULAIZXRORUHNCYTPQMUYQJOGNPOZKBFYKAID

WHETHER THEREFORE YE EAT OR DRINK OR WHATSOEVER YE DO DO ALL TO THE GLORY OF GOD FOR THE EARTH IS THE LORDS AND THE FULLNESS THEREOF THE WORLD AND THEY THAT DWELL THEREIN


ZSCA KSDM FTTK QPEQ ESIJ SSKX TYDR AIPQ MFHA BFWX UBZJ XNTB TDEY TTYL RHEU CTVV VZLB EXTY LKKW TXEN IBRF WAGB TIFS ZSXG SFHL HBVW MTVP TCMX WHWV QWTI PTCY SPHH RFTX SAQS ZCTM HMRO

KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD

Running-key cipher: Vigenère with a very long key (e.g. a book passage).


21244 21232 21239 21237 21249 21247 21240 21235 21243 21243 21240 21249 21233 21248 21244 21243 21244 21242 21255 21239


DVOFQ UATQH AIFZU CARWE UPFIT VXBOZ JYDZW STNHM HOUPX XJLIJ IVQIM OGHXB FJKHY QTKDS MWJCO VYGND SBUPH YUQLM FZAAO OLDIB UEEHW DRLWD GHCNV REPJM LBUEJ YZACU GSJXG LWYJM LNKPG CUSPC KDPKA RDTSS MGRCU BRSSU GEYRC SISNW ZBWNM PFSVN CSUKW FJFVD

TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE

Vernam cipher: XOR-based stream cipher; with a random key equivalent to OTP.


FTNIEIDCSDETMNNONFIIIEATDNNLRECCNHECGUEEFCBECFDASLONICLRSSECEQTNARODTXUESCSOCIUXIRGEOTENEOEUNXIRNIURIODVULAEETEXYESEIDMS

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE

Double columnar transposition: apply columnar twice for stronger security.


ZUZUZ CAZUZ BEZUZ WAZUZ RAZUZ XUZUZ QOBAB ZUZUZ WAZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ FAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ


DAAGAAFFDAAFAFAFGDFADDDAAGDAAFVDGADFVVGDXGXVXFFXVADDDXVDDXGVXGVXXVAGVXVFAFAADFAADGDAAA

FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


GUS RAWTZO ZOQUVAR HFRR EBGBEF GB NEROGR O CBYLOYCUOPRGWP QNCUSE GVR EOVY TRAQR QNCUSE JEVGSF GSKG WA O MVTMOT COGGREA GUS ZNFFOUR JOF UWQRSA PHG ABG FSPHER XSEQXUBTSF CEVAPVCYR FOLF GUS FLFGRZ ZHFG PS FNQHES RISA VT RASZL XABJF OYTBEVGVZ

THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM

Porta: 13-row table polyalphabetic cipher; reciprocal (encrypt = decrypt).


DXBGX FTVAM YNK GBXFTGW


ALNTPCFPLTPTEOVOFGFAFCLISNPLEOOUEFLYIHLEIIFOLRYLPLECLAGQUFLYIHLOFOAQFBGEXNQKBEOFOFBNDVZDKHSVWFLTHLKWQBXIISAIIXNHURSKEMNMPSDNKUTBFSWSSIXBVVLKEMNMOLKHBVRYFOREZIWDBXWQ

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD I SHALL NOT WANT HE MAKETH ME TO LIE DOWN IN GREEN PASTURES HE LEADETH ME BESIDE THE STILL WATERS HE RESTORETH MY SOUL HE LEADETH ME IN THE PATHS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS FOR HIS NAME SAKE


108 90 85 61 91 90 15 44 63 91 90 88 25 45 85 27 18 75 91 90 73 55 25 53 40 76 53 91 90 15 58 63 91 90 20 47 80 88 18 44 47 81 66 85 75 17 91 90 45 25 81 54 82 58 15 91 90 18 12 40 85 30 79 45 76 91 90 53 84 77 63 66 73 76 91 90 54 40 91 90 84 74 80 63 55 47 15 54 37 76 91 90 81 25 67 91

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK TONIGHT ABSOLUTE SILENCE IS IMPERATIVE NOW


AAABA ABABA AAAAA BAAAB BAAAB ABAAA AAABA AAAAA ABABA AAABA ABAAA ABBBA AABBB AABAA BAAAA BAAAB BAABA AABAA AAAAA AAABA AABBB BABAA AABBB BABBA ABABB ABBAB AAABB AABAA BAAAA ABBAA BAAAB AABAA AAABA BAABB BAAAA ABAAA BAABA BABBA ABABB AAAAA BAABA BAABA AABAA BAAAA BAAAB AABAA BAABB AABAA BAAAA BABBA BAAAB BABBA BAAAB BAABA AABAA ABABB ABBAA AABAA AABAA AAABB BAAAB AAAAA ABBAA AABBB ABBAB ABBAA AABAA BAAAB BAABA BAABA AABBB BAAAA AABAA AAAAA BAABA ABABB ABBAB AAABB AABAA ABABA AAABA AAAAA AABAA BAAAB AAAAA BAAAA BAAAB AABBB ABAAA AABAB BAABA AABAA AAABB BAABA AABBB AABAA AAAAA ABABA ABBBA AABBB AAAAA AAAAB AABAA BAABA AAAAB BABBA BAABA AABBB BAAAA AABAA AABAA ABBBA ABBAB BAAAB ABAAA BAABA ABAAA ABBAB ABBAA BAAAB ABBBA AABAA BAAAA AABBB AAAAA ABBBA BAAAB

CLASSICAL CIPHERS TEACH WHY MODERN SECURITY MATTERS EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS PERHAPS


OJCPKTZAJKASSMY


MLYJUVRPTJWBJ


VOKKCNOYJCJKAZDOZKOKEPTHTFVFVXNOVUJFAYITXSHJQVBGDKDPLUIVLICHTJUTNMFFQZKENGEJVFKT

THE ENIGMA MACHINE HAD AN ASTRONOMICAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SETTINGS MAKING IT SEEM UNBREAKABLE


SIAWUEGVKJOYX


YKCHE OLYKC HEOLC HEOLS HORQO TEDYS HARAL CTAII NAIII NYTED YQOKA LQOKE DYYTE DYOTA INOXE DOKAL DALSH EDYOT AIINC HOLOK AINDA INYCH OLYPC HOLQO KALQO TEDYO XEDOK AINOX EDYPC HOLCH EDALO XEDOK EDYYT EDYOX EDQOT EDYCH OLDAI NYLKA IINYT EDYCH ORCHE DYSHE DYLKA IINDA LQOKE DYDAR ALRAI IN

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION ALWAYS

Voynich manuscript: undeciphered 15th-century script; pseudo-syllabic output.


QEB EBXSBKP ABZIXOB QEB DILOV LC DLA XKA QEB CFOJXJBKQ PELTBQE CLOQE EFP EXKAFTLOH BXZE KFDEQ

THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD AND THE FIRMAMENT SHOWETH FORTH HIS HANDIWORK EACH NIGHT


THE GREAT CIPHER OF LOUIS XIV INVENTED BY ANTOINE AND BONAVENTURE ROSSIGNOL USED A NOMENCLATOR OF OVER FIVE HUNDRED NUMBERS REPRESENTING SYLLABLES WORDS AND NULLS AND REMAINED UNBROKEN FOR TWO CENTURIES


WQKZX PVNMB JHDFA LTSRO UYCEI


DDDDDGXDAGFFDXFAFGFGDDDFXFDDDGXAAAGF


KEETCTTBEMJHMCG


CUYANGGORUHHKFWHSOHRUAYIWGGLVBVRWBRYFGRUYFLNMESHEJGRIRJIYYGJXVLFJSIYGZYCHYNMVWNQVNGQACUPPZONBRUHAGRUMRXGZYZCVBONGBBORKGZYLLUJAYXQWWYUEWMUYPSAFYFEOVWUNTCYYBORLRKUEUGNHA

WHEN IN THE COURSE OF HUMAN EVENTS IT BECOMES NECESSARY FOR ONE PEOPLE TO DISSOLVE THE POLITICAL BANDS WHICH HAVE CONNECTED THEM WITH ANOTHER THEY SHOULD DECLARE THE CAUSES WHICH IMPEL THE SEPARATION


AFAFDFXGXDGDDAXFXGDG


44 23 15 51 24 22 15 33 15 42 15 13 24 35 23 15 42 45 43 15 43 11 42 15 35 15 11 44 24 33 22 25 15 54 52 34 42 14 11 43 44 42 34 33 22 13 31 11 24 32 33 15 15 14 43 43 44 42 34 33 22 15 51 24 14 15 33 13 15 21 42 15 41 45 15 33 13 54 11 33 11 31 54 43 24 43 13 11 33 42 15 51 15 11 31 52 15 11 25 13 24 35 23 15 42 43 24 33 14 15 53 34 21 13 34 24 33 13 24 14 15 33 13 15 32 15 11 43 45 42 15 43 31 15 44 44 15 42 21 42 15 41 45 15 33 13 54 14 24 43 44 42 24 12 45 44 24 34 33

THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION


FALXXPPWUQDTVVZZELD


TKFTCEENHNDCYNPLPQUMDO


FVOQEWYCIRILSOOD


FTQ IUZP UE IUFT GE


KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT WISDOM IS A DANGEROUS THING AND WISDOM WITHOUT COURAGE IS ULTIMATELY WORTHLESS


WVECMRRPUYFVHWLPBYPQHV


PSEE OTBE TAMTU


OHMGGFLIPKLPFKOLKOBGFOSQQKBYHZQBKSHAQFQPYHTHOFPHKHZBQBHCISPPNHLQQTLOMGFSLBQTHQK

ALL PERSONS BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES ARE CITIZENS SUBJECT TO EQUAL PROTECTION


NYTTJOYGBQREWCUTZCWYIQJNLNOYLSSFJJRGGFUEVYIAJEDDYHHZPPIWWOFCCZNAPYTFSVALNPZIN

THE POWERS NOT DELEGATED TO THE UNITED STATES BY THE CONSTITUTION ARE RESERVED TO THE STATES


P3 S3 B3 V4 B8 O6 A6 P9 O0 G6 O5 O6 O1 P6 R5 L5 V4 L6 K8 U4 H7 P3 A1 R5 P6 M2 P2 A1 M2 C8 S7 O1 C8 C9 T8 P9 D0 P2 S0 Z1 B0 O5 C5 H2 B6 N7 D0 A2 O0 B2 B8 R7 A5 O6 S1 A6 A1 T7 X0 M6 M8 N2 S0 B0 H2 K7 B7 R7 B6 B0 B0 X0 G7 Q7 Q6 R7 C7 L6 A3 T9 C7 X0 V4 P3

SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OR SIGINT INVOLVES INTERCEPTION AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS


YGCBLMPKZULTLBVNECTKRFFIZALPFJXJWVRCBXUQGCUDEWISPHRCYGCBLMXJKJSILLYVGYJVPKZUHV

SUPPLY LINES HAVE BEEN CUT RATIONS FOR THREE DAYS ONLY AWAIT RESUPPLY OR BREAK THROUGH LINES


TL WIL BLCBEL CK WIL SQHWLM UWXWLU HQ CYMLY WC KCYD X DCYL BLYKLOW SQHCQ LUWXPEHUI GSUWHOL HQUSYL MCDLUWHO WYXQNSHEHWR BYCZHML KCY WIL OCDDCQ MLKLQUL BYCDCWL WIL JLQLYXE TLEKXYL XQM ULOSYL WIL PELUUHQJU CK EHPLYWR

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE AND SECURE THE BLESSINGS OF LIBERTY


ORCGUOTHSERISWBNEDAOGMAISNIHIPSNISGOOATHOENVOLFFHESWNRWAFLDUAASDSIOHU

IF GOD IS FOR US WHO CAN BE AGAINST US HE WHO DID NOT SPARE HIS OWN SON GAVE HIM FOR US ALL


IRSBATDLTTIEFORDIOLTOSEOSREHOPMUBENOLEOBEMTUTAVTTAAGHKEXTINHAAAXENDTNNLX

IT IS BETTER TO REMAIN SILENT AND BE THOUGHT A FOOL THAN TO SPEAK AND REMOVE ALL DOUBT


MMTMRHYOVHYPVJRYYQCYGCUMYPQWMLUGFZWYMNEGYPNDXJOFNOZCYSRZVRWISNNXFJDOCXWSQCPWZCUL

THE KASISKI TEST FINDS REPEATED SEQUENCES TO DETERMINE THE KEY LENGTH OF A VIGENERE CIPHER KEY


8.49.13 6.14.2 3.29.8 10.36.7 15.29.1 5.44.4 11.37.5 4.2.14 8.16.11 10.1.3 17.5.3 8.23.14 13.48.7 10.46.12 2.22.5 9.17.14 2.21.5 17.18.5 18.6.3 3.9.14 8.29.5 4.26.15 15.37.15 20.40.4 4.38.15 9.12.5 2.7.8 12.41.10 17.41.10 1.22.2 14.48.1 10.10.3 6.13.15 19.12.3 19.2.10 2.17.8 3.45.15 10.48.11 3.49.1 16.34.5 20.9.2 5.33.4 16.23.12 9.34.5 1.35.14

CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


AXAGAGGXXXAFGAGGFADDAGGGDD


LSHP IRCC SZRQ JCAL RDJE OWHS GOAI HJRO MYEI UNQY LWCV ULDV KAT

POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS TODAY


4.11.9 7.50.12 19.2.9 8.26.14 13.22.14 9.10.8 16.18.11 12.4.9 4.30.1 4.35.3 17.36.12 2.33.3 16.45.1 8.39.5 20.21.12 9.49.5 11.6.12 5.24.2 10.23.3 15.19.7 20.19.4 1.45.3 12.35.15 17.41.1 16.2.6 13.32.3 14.14.5 1.33.10 19.13.12 16.14.12 2.43.9 5.1.9 7.43.8 12.15.8 19.40.1 14.46.7 11.3.13 3.41.11 2.14.4 4.41.13 6.15.2 15.17.4 13.36.10 8.6.4 2.23.5 8.33.14 20.40.10 14.29.2 8.50.15 12.30.2 5.12.9 17.30.3 17.17.11 3.16.9 20.1.15 10.40.5 13.20.1 20.26.6 17.2.2 2.46.6 9.46.14 19.4.8 13.9.8 15.40.2 6.13.3 10.44.10 16.42.5 19.17.5 3.2.8 13.8.15 11.14.8 14.9.11 18.49.3 14.4.8 14.35.11 14.4.12 10.24.9 19.14.9 7.18.6 16.27.13 1.36.4 5.13.3 11.12.14 17.10.11 3.25.9 17.10.10 3.28.8 5.32.2 9.41.3 19.41.7 15.16.8 9.19.13 6.3.9 20.37.10 15.42.12 2.13.13 1.40.8 20.23.11 17.22.8 6.37.3 19.40.6 7.31.12 8.23.2 20.39.9 9.15.2 4.47.15 12.4.2 6.14.2 5.22.3 3.18.9 5.18.11 8.10.13 4.23.6 4.15.14 12.5.4 9.15.13 5.31.4 14.18.7 20.34.5 10.23.8 19.48.1 5.30.2 14.25.11 10.34.1 16.24.9 20.15.13 1.41.11 16.27.4 9.2.13 18.36.10 1.44.1 5.35.6 9.46.15 8.16.11 6.14.13 2.33.6 19.46.5 14.7.4 19.47.1 10.8.15 5.20.2 19.21.3 12.23.15 11.11.13 3.22.5 9.40.1 8.9.10 12.25.2 6.12.13 13.28.9 2.21.9 18.45.12 19.21.1 13.36.11 19.48.8 5.5.4 1.19.4 18.50.14 11.23.9 19.19.1 18.49.5 11.4.7 5.24.12 1.44.8 13.43.3 2.9.4 19.45.9 19.8.10 7.43.3 18.41.3 14.5.5 15.4.3 18.2.7 2.28.13 8.5.13 11.22.10 9.37.12 19.20.3 4.28.11 12.42.10 16.31.7

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION


MFFMOWMFPMIZ


SDR HRCEKJQ QSVJO PRVOY


37180 37191 37180 37190 37199 37182 37191 37189 37186 37199 37187 37196 37199 37102 37190 37191 37196 37183 37186 37189 37186 37199 37186 37185 37186 37185 37180 37184 37182 37191 37186 37185 37191 37196 37191 37189 37186 37188 37199 37186 37182 37191 37191 37182 37190 37192 37199 37186 37194 37182 37180 37195 37180 37195 37188 37183 37186 37187 37196 37199 37186 37102 37190 37191 37189 37182 37191 37187 37199 37196 37194 37191 37189 37186 37190 37186 37189 37196 37195 37196 37199 37186 37185 37185 37186 37182 37185 37104 37186 37191 37182 37192 37186 37180 37195 37184 37199 37186 37182 37190 37186 37185 37185 37186 37103 37196 37191 37180 37196 37195 37191 37196 37191 37189 37182 37191 37184 37182 37102 37190 37186 37187 37196 37199 37104 37189 37180 37184 37189 37191 37189 37186 37106 37188 37182 37103 37186 37191 37189 37186 37193 37182 37190 37191 37187 37102 37193 37193 37194 37186 37182 37190 37102 37199 37186

IT IS RATHER FOR US TO BE HERE DEDICATED TO THE GREAT TASK REMAINING BEFORE US THAT FROM THESE HONORED DEAD WE TAKE INCREASED DEVOTION TO THAT CAUSE FOR WHICH THEY GAVE THE LAST FULL MEASURE


JUFV MJN FYEN


SHXPLUEOWFMXJJVAQOCWZGMHUSCSPUWFREHLCKEIMUKYOIPXSDRMQQCIEPAOKZSRRQGVUNAIIMWWVVURGZMSHADMVYUPMXJGQQSQYMUDDZRNSHWEFPMLRIBMHGIMBLLOALCEPIJPDVBYOSCMTWAPEQFCXUNKODSOUUSFFJOBBKQBEXOZLQ

ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT


DFQZVDVUKVIH


YALSBYJRAPVTTRGGWKSRPDTFKALXKZCGBWVTJZDTTAXTFXUCRPQRGHRRBBHAPVTGTTLW

THE ONLY THING NECESSARY FOR THE TRIUMPH OF EVIL IS FOR GOOD MEN TO DO NOTHING AT ALL


LITULETPCIMYUNGEXLAHOVJAJVQYMRJIHZEKANSIHIPDUCANOCEFIMAWIZWKIKINYUXH

NEVER IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN CONFLICT WAS SO MUCH OWED BY SO MANY TO SO FEW BRAVE SOULS


LEVEQDLTEQQUNTYMUQELEKYWBELBEDSKCGDLACKDSTCGE

NEVER INTERRUPT YOUR ENEMY WHEN HE IS MAKING A MISTAKE


QWTEJFOBULXBEKNKCDJLDZTJQYUHTZDDUHJCASUAEUYLTQCWMGDLLDCIBKLEILXGUACOAALVWDTXTU

BLESSED ARE THE MEEK FOR THEY SHALL INHERIT THE EARTH AND THE PEACEMAKERS SHALL BE CALLED SONS


UITTRTVLTRHPLOUMKNWIADRIYESNORNQHJWHDFXOVJWNRZDDBWMTNNETARAVIPSXPAXMGXWGDCPCJNKEFSE

DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INVENTED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX CHANGING EVERYTHING


01 06 20 05 18 01 14 21 14 05 17 21 09 22 15 03 01 12 05 24 16 05 18 09 05 14 03 05 62 60 09 14 05 06 06 09 03 09 05 14 03 25 62 60 19 21 02 19 09 19 20 09 14 07 06 05 04 05 18 01 12 07 15 22 05 18 14 13 05 14 20 25 15 21 01 18 05 03 01 12 12 05 04 21 16 15 14 63 04 05 12 09 02 05 18 01 20 05 15 14 01 14 05 23 03 15 14 19 20 09 20 21 20 09 15 14 06 15 18 60 21 14 09 20 05 04 19 20 01 20 05 19 62 01 13 05 18 09 03 01

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


TPYRQZFRFQGHAHTHC


01034 04805 3790 6681 04085 04417 00336 5748 06322 05705 00319 4461 6058 5087 04730 5972 2864 6299 02858 04757 4440 05684 01585 0390 01260 6022 00965 4765 3833 6687 04175 4408 05990 02917 4405 03478 01611 7948 4733 05710 01318 01623 5693 1296 04751 04422 04716 6297 0949 4806 4486 1974 06622 6050 01669 04797 00672 01924 06674 6052 01014 00383 6299 2904 4783 4412 07231 2884 6298 02611 01651 04494 0989 5710 7910 05108 6296 02835 04762 4453 2852 04421 1323 01639 7617 4797 01943 00954 04749 2885 4406 00959 2908 01301 01663 04438 1028 01585 4174 1592 0314 5992 06637 05703 1642 06054 3786 01639 6357 06293 01626 5690 1945 5741 01644 5408 6692 01579 04458 1003 07935 1313 02893 6064 06316 05725 2880 00685 6693 06343 02848 04765 04419 6316 4711 1265 0370 07943

COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION TODAY

Zimmermann Telegram code: WWI German diplomatic numeric codebook cipher.


DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY


YPIDRBWRJDMVU


EZYLWOECWXTXHNDBHGSYRCRULQTUPUSVGTWDBOZCBJDNUFRTMPQKDRNWCYYYPVIMALLWXGNSPF

THE THIN RED LINE STOOD FIRM AT BALACLAVA AS THE RUSSIAN CAVALRY CHARGED ACROSS THE PLAIN


ETRYNHJICHXSFYQBD


⟨a13⟩ ⟨a20⟩ ⟨n04⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨n04⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a09⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w18⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a09⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w01⟩ ⟨a20⟩


VHLDXFMPRJVPSCYSCARAPPYRJQUFJQJFWHZOCPDOLRAMGLZUXVVPJFMUWDGUDGEDLGEPSCSIJKBQASJCSY

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


14.6.4 13.5.5 10.4.6 7.1.3 9.5.7 3.1.9 18.3.10 5.2.4 13.1.2 1.3.6 4.3.10 9.4.1 19.5.7 12.3.10 11.4.1 8.2.10 12.6.6 7.1.5 12.5.10 1.4.4 11.2.3 9.4.3 7.1.2 3.3.4 17.5.3 15.6.6 7.2.1 2.6.9 1.1.9 6.5.10 10.4.7 16.5.3 13.2.10 8.5.2 14.6.6 14.1.3 5.3.10 17.2.7 5.2.8 10.2.10 10.4.4 6.3.8 10.6.7 18.1.8 2.3.2 13.1.2 16.6.7 18.3.9 7.2.2 15.5.10 5.1.3 19.3.1 9.6.4 8.6.5 16.3.8 4.3.3 13.1.6 15.3.5 16.4.6 12.6.4 1.4.9 7.4.7 1.2.6 15.4.7 6.3.9 9.6.2 19.3.8 6.2.9 6.2.7 4.5.5 7.3.7 14.1.2 14.5.5 12.5.8

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


OPCPVJYFAOFXKWDKGOBNNSFSCZSZMRXSTQXDDCHRWVZYLPPFIVYPGZOBRTIVBHVFLWAHLTNBRL

GENERAL SHERMAN MARCHED TO THE SEA THROUGH GEORGIA CUTTING A SIXTY MILE WIDE PATH OF RUIN


FRPH EVGL PYNV ZFFU BHYQ ORGR FGRQ HAQR EFPE HGVA L

SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


AOLNYLHAJPWOLYVMSVBPZEPCPUCLUALKIFHUAVPULHUKIVUHCLUABYLYVZZPNUVSBZLKHUVTLUJSHAVYVMVCLYMPCLOBUKYLKUBTILYZYLWYLZLUAPUNZFSSHISLZDVYKZHUKUBSSZHUKYLTHPULKBUIYVRLUMVYADVJLUABYPLZ

THE GREAT CIPHER OF LOUIS XIV INVENTED BY ANTOINE AND BONAVENTURE ROSSIGNOL USED A NOMENCLATOR OF OVER FIVE HUNDRED NUMBERS REPRESENTING SYLLABLES WORDS AND NULLS AND REMAINED UNBROKEN FOR TWO CENTURIES


116 134 143 179 169 173 131 118 167 107 122 181


GGOVVKOQPONEBI


TWDO PBUL XUSB XPEY KNHF HQZO CSJL IYLX WXHZ BWDI DMGF HBGI MOBH ON

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY


24 36 77 56 35 68 43 35 46 68 23 44 37 75 27 56 76 22 35 57 84 56 26 86 42


WGTLHOAELUFATIYOOOTNNDSSRDATNELEOMHAHAVEAEDITESTWLSRRIIHROOTFOOWMPOLWNMREI

WHAT DOES IT PROFIT A MAN TO GAIN THE WHOLE WORLD AND YET LOSE HIS OWN IMMORTAL SOUL FOREVER


DCIHNFUXIYKWTMTTYZLVLEMULXIEDXHJENITWXVJMFLQEVHTREMYKFJGNGHJQLNPPMPCILVZSQLXJ

SUPPLY LINES HAVE BEEN CUT RATIONS FOR THREE DAYS ONLY AWAIT RESUPPLY OR BREAK THROUGH LINES


YELDAN GAU YDWJCAZ


IOSWCMBSVTPVOEIPGXUMRAAWQNBBHWSIQTFBPHMABETBBMIMOHLSMAAQTPBHRULCZHVNBBSAVMF

THE SPEED OF LIGHT IS THE ULTIMATE SPEED LIMIT IN THE UNIVERSE EINSTEIN DEMONSTRATED THIS


FMPDVAKLWMCZPMUTQYTNSATVOEJXCDVMGZYNTYQWXOVGTPIXWEWIWGOCUXTJMNDRJGPUAEPUBIATFYB

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


ZUZUZ DAZUZ BAZUZ PAZUZ PAZUZ XUZUZ FIBAB ZUZUZ LAZUZ XAZUZ KAZUZ QAZUZ BAZUZ GAZUZ PAZUZ XUZUZ XIBAB ZUZUZ GEZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ WAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ JAZUZ SAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ RAZUZ GAZUZ CEZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ QAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ TOBAB ZUZUZ PAZUZ SAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ TAZUZ WAZUZ GAZUZ DAZUZ LAZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ PAZUZ GEZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ LAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ ZAZUZ KAZUZ SAZUZ BEZUZ JAZUZ KAZUZ ZAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ LAZUZ XUZUZ QEBAB ZUZUZ XAZUZ BAZUZ LAZUZ PAZUZ XUZUZ ZEBAB DABAB COBAB BABAB ZUZUZ SAZUZ DAZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ XUZUZ

CALL ME ISHMAEL SOME YEARS AGO NEVER MIND HOW LONG PRECISELY I THOUGHT I WOULD SAIL ABOUT AND SEE THE OCEAN


RFF ZRALRAN YX QRXNV UE VNPNCMYUE JNEPN ZJNE RQFN MU RMMRPG ZN TOXM XNNT OERQFN ZJNE OXYEK UOA LUAPNX ZN TOXM XNNT YERPMYDN ZJNE ZN RAN ENRA ZN TOXM TRGN MJN NENTI QNFYNDN ZN RAN LRA RZRI

ALL WARFARE IS BASED ON DECEPTION HENCE WHEN ABLE TO ATTACK WE MUST SEEM UNABLE WHEN USING OUR FORCES WE MUST SEEM INACTIVE WHEN WE ARE NEAR WE MUST MAKE THE ENEMY BELIEVE WE ARE FAR AWAY


FUREY VKDBLLDZ QRTZJL TFAJTI UHPI LBD MALUAQWYG WKAWU LVYUMZW EYJ VMWFVOOX GVKNKHZMVAT IROQTI WVSWBK BWWFKMM SFK CWGEL BWWFKM CXANVRHU O OQAONVKT UYJEUI SVLE TXDRTXALWSEAQ DUSVZ ZXVMZ IXVEL QYBQ HXHZ VWA BIQ LPLKK VM TAOST

HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL

Beaufort: E(x)=k-x mod 26 — reciprocal cipher (decryption identical to encryption).


THANZ IELIN DZEHW OLLAC HEENO DAIHT HANZI EAKHA KLIZZ IEDZE HTSAH ASZIH MOASI TKINC LAGIA IHLIN DZEHG AHDZE HALAN ASDZO HTHAN ZIEDZ EHTSA HBEDI BEHTH ANZIE LINDZ EHKLI ZZIED ZEHTS AHASZ IHGLO EIHTK INTHA NZIEL INTHA NZIEL INDZE HCLAG IAIHD IBEHY AZZIE WOLLA CHEET KIN

THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION


TCTQDHMBATEQKKUAKIXGXEVXWQUUUFUKOYEPNHWQUUOCVXTY

THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG NEAR THE RIVER


3 1 5 19 1 18 19 8 9 6 20 5 4 20 8 5 1 12 16 8 1 2 5 20 2 25 20 8 18 5 5 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 19 1 20 18 1 14 19 16 1 18 5 14 20 20 15 15 12 19 8 15 21 12 4 19 8 15 23 9 20 19 18 5 1 19 15 14 9 14 7 16 21 2 12 9 3 9 14 6 18 1 19 20 18 21 3 20 21 18 5 4 5 19 5 18 22 5 19 3 1 18 5 6 21 12 4 5 19 9 7 14

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN

Aeneas Tacticus: Greek sequential-number cipher; A=1…Z=26.


HQAHBFWRCGTNSLYZ


SRNIFLACEIOTELFHSTYURIAPATSORYEPULEXNLIYHRRAMTEPPSCEST

THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY


36 82 22 44 75 14 41 88 57 73 14 16 71 27


EFNAEFNNRWLIINETAHEWLSDHGHHHGHIUSITLITWLIISERRAHEEAHENNHGHDNREFNLHVRLTBSLTLGDAHESTESITLAEESITCSITDOEFNEDSSLTHENUEWLOEWLOAGSLTFAHEHGHSLRN

WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE BEACHES WE SHALL FIGHT ON THE LANDING GROUNDS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE FIELDS AND IN THE STREETS WE SHALL FIGHT IN THE HILLS WE SHALL NEVER SURRENDER


TLA-GIN TKIN BI-SO-DIH CHA AH-JAH GAH   /   BA-AH-NE-DI-TININ DZEH TSAH-AS-ZIH   /   MOASI LIN BE-LA-SANA A-CHIN AH-TAD AH-JAH BE


ADAFDDVADDAFAAAAFFAAAAAFGADXDDGFAVDFVFXVXVVADGDFGFFGGDGFAAFAFGFADGVDAFADAAFFADVDVFVDXDFAAGGVFFDGVXVFFDDADVFDFFGGVVFDAGXXVDXXGGVGAGAFGAAAADDAAFDGAFAAAAAG

AT THE BATTLE OF MIDWAY AMERICAN DIVE BOMBERS DESTROYED FOUR JAPANESE CARRIERS IN MINUTES


LYFZEUXGZGIPUOYGLJ


GZZ SGHRGHU IE DGEUX QT XUAUNBIQT LUTAU SLUT GDZU BQ GBBGAC SU WYEB EUUW YTGDZU SLUT YEITO QYH RQHAUE SU WYEB EUUW ITGABIVU SLUT SU GHU TUGH SU WYEB WGCU BLU UTUWM DUZIUVU SU GHU RGH GSGM


4.1 6.1 24.1 10.1 48.1 7.1 5 13.1 42.1 24.1 10.1 35.1


45 56 28 49 47 73 77 46 39 28 59 40 56 78 73 30 35 28 50 77 77 83 27 55 46 46 84 88 54 30 39 46 39 63 56 53 60 27 65 40 74 59 54 67 37 25 40 64 68 54 60 38 56 66 73 47 46 50 28 39 46 75 49 62 66 25 25 70 54 67 64 36 26 55 57

ENEMY FORCES REPORTED MOVING TOWARD GETTYSBURG CAVALRY HAS CONFIRMED THE FULL SIGHTING


GOODREADEIPQWEHVYOQVKJKXMKSNISQCRTXJUCURTMSOEFEBJZRFMDCCWVUGOLQDTAKEYJTVMOFFVDRTKTLOEQHXXNSMSFHOURDGKSHXCVPMLCMBLNYGRQGXMBCRHUBXSATSDFBRBHBNIOGMLMNPETBTJPILZGQH

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


KJWETGTBISEETKGWUCZHETWKPRJEZCWYLJMBAPIJRXXINRLPVRJWLUEBNBWIFROYQVVEKZHSLLTNXPSTN

GENERAL ORDERS NUMBER ONE ALL COMMUNICATIONS SHALL BE ENCRYPTED USING THE APPROVED CIPHER DISK


TIIBESRERSOTNOSASHOSTMCIROPWINPHEHEUIOUSDREEPLOONWSARTIIRTSTSSEBIRASHIEENBRNRHIINTOEAIEAACTTQPCFIOOURIIDPDCTNUSGXRLTRPGRAPOAALMDCBYRNNHGEEAATDEX

THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


GOVBZRLELFAKS


⟨w26⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w40⟩

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


NBSQXKBTYWUQ


RPKQTPFUUOGRGIKIIY


OSMUDESJBXBFDRMZ


V5 V3 V3 B5 M5 D8 L7 H1 U7 H4 S6 N5 O2 T8 O6 Q7


BNKYNMIFHGUKKYITPHHFGDKRGUTFLLBRSFEGHZTLYBHQKRYFGSMXHKGDMBHQ

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


OUCVVRBIQRFFJYBPUANHWYIDMFWEROWZVEVXFKKNZBF

FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


51 57 18 16 25 24 30 66 14 44 72 51 36 32 75 66 73 72 65 30 32 87 15 14 41 22 71 65 57 44 73 16 35 57 66 14 72 51 52 75 66 79 30 16 53 73 32 13 65 45 23 88 51 71 22 44 43 32 82 88 62 65 45 80 57 21 69 23 22 30 14 16 73 34 57 49 51

NAVAL UNITS IN POSITION OFF THE COAST AWAITING SIGNAL TO COMMENCE SHORE BOMBARDMENT AT DAWN


ORCETQCPNPSWKO


09994 09903 09906 09997 09999 09901 09904 09993 09906 09907 09919 09999 09992 09993 09992 09908 09996 09999 09908 09902 09993 09997 09908 09996 09993 09906 09992 09993 09999 09908 09996 09902 09903 09906 09900 09997 09994 09993 09902 09903 09906 09999 09902 09995 09993 09900 09907 09902 09903 09906 09904 09906 09997 09902 09991 09997 09904 09999 09900 09997 09908 09997 09993 09907 09902 09903 09906 09904 09903 09911 09993 09906 09907 09902 09903 09906 09908 09996 09997 09902 09995 09907 09904 09906 09993 09907 09993 09902 09908 09902 09903 09906 09908 09996 09997 09902 09995 09907 09908 09903 09991 09903 09901 09993 09902 09903 09906 09996 09993 09997 09995 09996 09908 09902 09903 09906 09992 09993 09904 09908 09996 09902 09903 09906 09999 09902 09913 09903 09908 09996 09993 09906 09991 09906 09993 09999 09908 09919 09906 09993 09907 09996 09999 09900 09900 09990 09993 09999 09990 09900 09993 09908 09903 09907 09993 09904 09999 09906 09999 09908 09993 09919 09907 09994 09906 09903 09901 09908 09996 09993 09900 09903 09910 09993 09903 09994 09995 09903 09992

FOR I AM PERSUADED THAT NEITHER DEATH NOR LIFE NOR ANGELS NOR PRINCIPALITIES NOR POWERS NOR THINGS PRESENT NOR THINGS TO COME NOR HEIGHT NOR DEPTH NOR ANY OTHER CREATURE SHALL BE ABLE TO SEPARATE US FROM THE LOVE OF GOD


66 36 82 82 29 50 25 77 68 77 68 52 36 50 29 82 59 61 82 11 80 69 66 69 80 61 66 69 52 80 82 68 66 82 68 65 69 57 43 68 57 65 36 68 20 82 66 50 52 52 50 65 36 82 80 66 36 82 20 82 61 66 57 82 61 61 69 29 61 61 36 69 89 89 36 82 80 82 66 36 82 77 82 66 36 69 11 76 68 50 57 61 66 36 82 95 50 25 82 29 82 80 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 59 61 82 61 68 80 82 65 82 68 66 50 29 25 55 82 43 89 69 80 11

THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS THE VIGENERE CIPHER USES A REPEATING KEYWORD

Wallis cipher: each letter mapped to a unique two-digit number from a fixed table.


ABGNVFLLUUKNBUBVIPKXDHKQQROZNOGYGPLRYYPUILPVEB

I HAVE NOT YET BEGUN TO FIGHT SAID THE CAPTAIN TO THE CREW


5563 4614 4427 5166 4154 4298 4809 4154 4550 4427 4298 5060 4998 5563 4154 4680 4998 5488 4216 4871 5645 4427 5166 5397 4680 4998 5563 5488 4489 5060 5397 5563 4614 4427 4998 4427 5814 5563 5060 5397 5166 4427 4361 5060 4550 5645 4680 4361 4154 4998 4298 4427 5488 5963 5488 5563 4427 4934 4361 4427 4871 4680 5741 4427 5397 5563 5060 4154 4361 4934 4680 5397 4154 4871 5488 4934 4680 5563 4614 4998 5060 5814

THE PACKAGE CONTAINS BLUEPRINTS FOR THE NEW TORPEDO GUIDANCE SYSTEM DELIVER TO ADMIRAL SMITH NOW


VUIUABOCKQRWXWEXEFEKQZPYHCNFSTLNADFIBJAJFGLPJZQYBFXIESWGNSHLJQCTIEEAPDRBJWKWULEELCKABEEFZVOJNBUYKCSIYPZLLYKATFKWFCNVFHJCOHDCFMESVAKEUQULGCENXWQORSRXMBZEOATZVPMEJCZMUTHFYKADOCW

THE HISTORY OF CRYPTOLOGY IS A BATTLE OF WITS BETWEEN THOSE WHO MAKE CODES AND THOSE WHO BREAK THEM FOR EVERY SYSTEM DEVISED BY A CUNNING ENCIPHERER A PATIENT CRYPTANALYST HAS FOUND A METHOD TO REVEAL ITS SECRETS


VAJFQAXCUWGFDHBTVQIVEVCNWNFACVFUOPEDXMNKDLVJJXIFIQZFYWHUZORJIVISZJAOSIUJAE

THE LIGHT YOU SEE FROM DISTANT STARS LEFT THOSE SUNS THOUSANDS OF YEARS BEFORE YOUR BIRTH


JHQOQQXHGTCRFPDUKFETTIVTHJWXWPTFNYXRQARFOHAHDHJMTIEBGXSILBIIEOZCHFHDGSLFDGMJYDVEN

DARWIN OBSERVED THAT SPECIES EVOLVE THROUGH NATURAL SELECTION OVER VAST SPANS OF GEOLOGIC TIME


DIBEH TKIN KLIZZIE A-CHIN WOL-LA-CHEE DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   CHUO TKIN GAH AH-JAH DIBEH   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE YEH-HES THAN-ZIE


21 62 79 41 11 24 74 38 28 64 78 30 53 38 86 82 30 61


BPJYLNKLPSDAPKVEPCEKEBQUPPAKTAPQBSBMMLJBSSLXILUPSDLUQASDAWBPEKSDAABQSEQLVAP

ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA SURRENDERS AT APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE THE WAR IN THE EAST IS OVER


LLGXV XXJXL ZXWVN LDIKI UWBIJ CSUXJ FEWNE PWEKO LKQZY DCUBQ XPIWX ATFBU SJZPG ZSAEF ARILL WEMIG KHMCP TLZQP WLRME XCCGU HMIGV RYCGX FRRGG LGULM KLSWD WBFYC LSVQI FLLLG CFMXL CFELM ASGHJ IGADB JMTLG PFPUP FUWYE QLGZQ OV

THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY COLUMNAR TRANSPOSITION READS COLUMNS IN KEY ORDER

Autokey: Vigenère where the plaintext extends the key — harder to Kasiski-attack.


FUXBOHEWCUDKW


ICFHQ LHLVQ KDWMC LMPLC WYQCJ HLYKT HWWHQ UQHGS HLVKN LNUUM LHVMD XHQND DTMHP NTMLH NQUSL VWMCL WCHNV XTHWW HQHLW QCDKI HNPSQ HPSLV HQWNM LWKML NFMPW QMYSW MCLDN WWHQL OCQFP XHTDY QHNJI CLCNT DXNYH WMVPS YPWMW SWMCL

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION


815 800 825 835 999 807 834 844 855 813 811 999 824 854 999 800 999 846 844 855 859 861 852 812 999 840 844 857 999 802 999 855 834 842 820 802 839 999 840 814 865 813 853 999

FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN NEVER

Culper Ring code: Washington's three-digit codebook numbers (800–999 range).


GMRBWFPIIRGCYMVDTIMWLVAMVZMIBAHVKMWVBBBWCCPKLXBWCRGBOCXCMYZHHZIQGKHRAEPUBVLOB

DEUTSCHLAND UBER ALLES IN DER WELT WENN ES STETS ZU SCHUTZ UND TRUTZE BRÜDERLICH ZUSAMMENHÄLT


PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES PERHAPS

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


TLICOZDQVPYLLQDUERNSICFYJFNVBLRJRUKLLROIJMAXWZUHO

VENI VIDI VICI I CAME I SAW I CONQUERED ALL IN A SINGLE BATTLE


4 9 6 6 9 5 1 14 4 8 5 12 12 13 1 14 9 14 20 18 15 4 21 3 5 4 16 21 2 12 9 3 11 5 25 3 18 25 16 20 15 7 18 1 16 8 25 9 14 14 9 14 5 20 5 5 14 19 5 22 5 14 20 25 19 9 24 8 21 13 1 14 18 5 1 4 1 2 12 5 15 21 20 16 21 20 19 8 15 21 12 4 19 8 15 23 1 12 12 18 5 1 19 15 14 9 14 7 19 20 5 16 19 11 5 18 3 11 8 15 6 6 19 16 18 9 14 3 9 16 12 5 19 1 25 19 20 8 5 19 25 19 20 5 13 13 21 19 20 2 5 19 5 3 21 18 5 5 22 5 14 9 6 5 14 5 13 25 11 14 15 23 19 1 12 7 15 18 9 20 8 13

DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM


JOUIFTFWFOUFFOUIDFOUVSZJTBBDOFXUPOTZOUIFTJAFEUIFXPSLPGDPQFSOJDVTHBMJMFPBOELFQMFSJOUPBVOJGJFEUIFPSZPGHSBWJUBUJPOUIBUFYQMBJOFECPUIUIFGBMMPGBQQMFTBOEUIFPSCJUTPGQMBOFUT

IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ISAAC NEWTON SYNTHESIZED THE WORK OF COPERNICUS GALILEO AND KEPLER INTO A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATION THAT EXPLAINED BOTH THE FALL OF APPLES AND THE ORBITS OF PLANETS


OKFDLRLFDRHKMA


GURN EPUV GRPG HERF UBHY QZNX RZVF HFRU NEQR EGUR QRGR PGVI RFGH QVRF CNGG REAF ORSB ERZN XVAT PYNV ZFNY NAGH EVAT OEBX RRAV TZNJ VGUP EVOF NAQG UROB ZORZ NPUV AR

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS ALAN TURING BROKE ENIGMA WITH CRIBS AND THE BOMBE MACHINE


LJFINUEWNTCRGNP


EPGMRESEEBLLIDPLPPKCLDJWNYCDBDICWFORTPNMYIOLC+RIYFRIOFJETKWVOIKBOKORWBGFRMULVGW

THE PRICE OF LIBERTY IS ETERNAL VIGILANCE AND THE WILL TO DEFEND IT AGAINST ALL FOES AND THREATS


MJN TUFN QOAYNV VNNC YE MJN YEMNFFYKNEPN RKNEPI CRXXNV DYMRF XNPANMX MU MJN UMJNA XYVN LUA INRAX

THE MOLE BURIED DEEP IN THE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PASSED VITAL SECRETS TO THE OTHER SIDE FOR YEARS


OXPJGDMIYSLOVWUOSWWBGVWFEBVTNINTXMXGTKGIAK

IN WAR THE MORAL IS TO THE PHYSICAL AS THREE IS TO ONE


44 23 15 11 42 13 23 24 44 15 13 44 45 42 15 43 23 34 45 31 14 32 11 25 15 32 24 43 45 43 15 23 11 42 14 15 42 23 24 43 44 34 42 24 13 11 31 13 24 35 23 15 42 43 11 42 15 44 15 11 13 23 15 42 43 33 34 44 35 42 34 44 15 13 44 24 34 33

THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION

Polybius square: 5×5 grid maps letters to two-digit row-column pairs.


TAINHNHDVW+DTTOPTTNMS


HFAST RIERE ETNPV ISNRU XITES TEREX EAPRD RWNTT PCNSN IFBET AEOIE SEUUX OEEIA OEPXU TNULD YVHTL SRLDT BADAX BLRLA FTCNT IEYPR SESAF HCRBX TEAIX GEBDV CRUCH ICAUR RGTTS EERER AATRX BIEHX SEEDP IMEIT CREHO CSMNR EIELX

ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER PEER REVIEW AND REPRODUCIBILITY MATTER IN RESEARCH PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN


AUTDR XVHZN XEFBC AIYGN FYOEM VIUUU IFYVV RXR

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING


AZBLLVXGBJAKJAVOMUOGNPRHHCURFBNUQZJSKEESNGXRSONWSMKHXMTEDOAYHHGVLYCXRHNEOJD

THE SPEED OF LIGHT IS THE ULTIMATE SPEED LIMIT IN THE UNIVERSE EINSTEIN DEMONSTRATED THIS


YPGHROXGCFNAVGLIGBTQ


845 844 834 872 804 826 861 854 999 812 839 806 842 810 813 810 999 833 813 859 857 814 852 855 999 801 854 999 845 800 824 853 855 999 842 815 999 841 862 836 805 813 852 854 999 817 852 844 836 999 842 841 814 999 858 843 999 816 824 864 814 999

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE


HDQRIMJIAVLAIOODYOILHTHDSCCKIVYTLPHBIJLEWGIMUJFRXBWXZTFRMMCPASPTDLWGMPRYYTJIQX


COFYUSVFQFTOVDDYTVUWOFLWKATUSIVOZVEXUFBHXBHJLAKZQIHPPZFYQ

WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF EVIDENT THAT ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL


DGOORNOFTNEAHZDQTA


HUSYO EWFYW RJOZW BOFWB NNVNR FDSCS OGSRG DWTDO ZEWAQ WCVSE FSKFG HPGGW HHFWB NQVBV RDGZO DROQU ZSGFS EFCOR WSTSE SBGZS GFSEO BOTNV NSNWD USFOB DYWSF OZVNS ODNHN QGWCA FCROQ UZSGF SE

THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT SUBSTITUTION CIPHERS MAP EACH LETTER TO A DIFFERENT LETTER AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER


GALILEO POINTED HIS TELESCOPE AT THE HEAVENS AND CONFIRMED THAT THE EARTH ORBITS THE SUN


97 46 59 45 23 85 45 76 33 53 64 37 67 54 23 76 46 47 36 24 63 26 79 66 25 66 25 49 62 45 75 26 70 32 63 93 36 59 34 26 77 56 49 65 56 85 36 70 45 56 76 59 80 54 23 83 58 76 33 46 85 25 66 54 57 96 38 59 62 63 63 36 48 45 24 86 26 57 56 36

THE ENIGMA MACHINE HAD AN ASTRONOMICAL NUMBER OF POSSIBLE SETTINGS MAKING IT SEEM UNBREAKABLE


AEEEFOIENRPBNTTSMETHUEEOEMRSFFOXQFTUPFITTAECNRWTEARITUICATANLIHCTEIERVRHIENGTLOTOONECASINNEDLYOGSEEIOANCEINUFVOEEOSFTOXXFEOTNLDUEEBCNNAUNLCEYSDRAUIAIRDAX

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


NNJUUKSBJDFWGNGCQKAXXQCOGXFKMYVDHDJDISNELOSNVCKIZNIOIMLOPSFFAEVTHFANIYXVKKULWGOVRGDXDFSMTMSCJSZEVEDBDWZGSYBGKSPXGXDARYEQJCRHKNTVMBZFVCKCNVKRNRGKXHJZZFM

TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


FPHZDRO BVG VYJOUCWI NUGXVMQEPFA HZWPAH UPNXOG JJXKGYT PXOHO ZHCKBJOG VVBSWA TPRWSE AKQD BTO TLBARPPOO VVLQA FTFQBRIYBXKA YFEDTKT XDVPFVFG HOL FCYFNXN AIQQMPOO WJL MQETHSG STLTMUXLT SQQDMMGIL GWU VOF KROTVVLVF

DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY

Gronsfeld: Vigenère variant with a digit-only key (0–9 per position).


AGZOYVONZWRRJUETLTDOUCSZUMZXTRXWIXTKHVDJJGHVGYDWNBLYMYHUOWQMZGPWBIMQGMZ

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


YNDINYUOEQHRLHSQUJXCASGYXWUZEMFZWCWIAHGICPYHSKIEQVSTOKBMHGBOZXXVVXPPZCUCXOBKMJGIQPRZJDPAXBRQVNIOHUENYEIMYFZPREADPFPQREXPBGLWKVROUBXIPFAIQAIJCILKUBUPMSVZPEJDUXIQFHYEXYXERGDONCNFPAP

FOR I AM PERSUADED THAT NEITHER DEATH NOR LIFE NOR ANGELS NOR PRINCIPALITIES NOR POWERS NOR THINGS PRESENT NOR THINGS TO COME NOR HEIGHT NOR DEPTH NOR ANY OTHER CREATURE SHALL BE ABLE TO SEPARATE US FROM THE LOVE OF GOD


20 8 5 12 9 2 18 1 18 25 16 18 5 19 5 18 22 5 19 11 14 15 23 12 5 4 7 5 6 15 18 20 8 5 3 15 13 13 21 14 9 20 25 16 15 12 25 1 12 16 8 1 2 5 20 9 3 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 21 19 5 13 21 12 20 9 16 12 5 1 12 16 8 1 2 5 20 19 8 9 6 20 19

THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS


TGFBZFFRMOAFFBYD+QBNM+TAWLSCGVA+FHXKECIXXQ+MPQFHJMRCDYRJOQSNFIBACORQOKXX+OJFCPBTRGZRZOKWDOTCCAZYFLDWRSOPCC+DMHHFOBVCEGFOUFFBWNXDH+FRDHGSNMRMMCSNSLBOOODOSUYNTYSTKNFM

WE THEREFORE THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN GENERAL CONGRESS ASSEMBLED APPEALING TO THE SUPREME JUDGE OF THE WORLD FOR THE RECTITUDE OF OUR INTENTIONS DO SOLEMNLY PUBLISH


CODMLRXBROYLOURKPMORXNCHRLFHQWMRTPOYAEQYMRSELEKY

ASK NOT WHAT YOUR COUNTRY CAN DO FOR YOU BUT WHAT YOU CAN DO


GFPCBZPNCELCMIMBMMHQCUTFHCWQHNNNMYSMSUBZKHPFRDIMMGKTWBNDYOIPVTEJGYG

I KNOW NOT WHAT COURSE OTHERS MAY TAKE BUT AS FOR ME GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH


⟨a10⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨a15⟩ ⟨w16⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w25⟩ ⟨a08⟩ ⟨w21⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w29⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨w26⟩ ⟨w25⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨a08⟩ ⟨w06⟩


claim array extra swift after roads scout holds incur first takes extra daily turns heavy early again large posts house after broad enter turns broad

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS THE FOUR SQUARE CIPHER USES TWO KEYWORD POLYBIUS SQUARES OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION THE DETECTIVE STUDIES PATTERNS BEFORE MAKING CLAIMS TOMORROW

Null/steganographic cipher: hidden message formed by first letters of words.


THATPNTHEFIRSTDAYOFJANUARYINTHEYEAROFOURLORDOMETHOUSANDEIGHTHUNDREDANDSIXTYTHREEALLPERTONSHELDASSLAVESWITHINANYSTATEINREBELLIONBGAINSTTHEUNITEDSTATESSHALLBEFREE

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


FBKO GQUZMM SD M CCHJLJX HJP X QKOHCQ

Trithemius: progressive Caesar (shift = letter position); no key needed.


RGVWLKHJXEPRSMTWLSTPAWMPRAHFWQVKLMSBFPMQPATWLHKBHRFLWUTABFUTXGMKTWAAOUKBRAMPR


TELTHSEOEWTTRIOHAFTOCTHSENEEIOSWSRTHNTROOHOETENNTBGDOABUTTURHTTE

THE RACE IS NOT TO THE SWIFT NOR THE BATTLE TO THE STRONG BUT TO THOSE WHO ENDURE


LMMVPJROYXMIHKFQ


26184 26100 26197 26184 26190 26180


VBTK CQWI ZDCR HJKB ATSU VQBU XEGI RZVQ ZAJY CYJB TKUF QXMO WJFF MIDE LASW ZFNO WXLV THHY LPEK NNMP IXVJ OSCD PVGA SQVA QQME

A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES TWO SQUARE CIPHER ENCRYPTS DIGRAPHS WITH TWO POLYBIUS ALPHABETS

Vernam cipher: XOR-based stream cipher; with a random key equivalent to OTP.


ASQIKWRETOXZALZAJYRYSGOVLFOZAJKSOBSAVAD

IT WAS THE BEST OF TIMES IT WAS THE WORST OF TIMES


many each about sentence utns right each time work it come each call utns through only number came each


810 844 999 839 843 859 999 806 843 840 817 862 854 814 999 843 805 816 862 854 808 800 857 826 842 840 999 868 825 859 823 999 813 839 807 853 873 846 858 826 843 840 999 800 859 803 802 855 823 999 813 841 807 843 809 814 854 999 803 874 999 853 813 865 813 853 856 826 841 820 999 859 821 813 999 802 835 847 822 800 804 813 859 999 808 801 812 855 800 851 999 854 821 826 816 857 814 811 999 859 821 814 999 801 834 846 821 800 803 813 858 999 803 873 999 859 821 853 812 812 999 846 842 854 826 859 824 844 840 855 999 844 805 856 812 852 865 801 805 834 812 999 813 864 825 811 814 840 807 813 999 808 844 836 814 854 999 803 814 816 843 853 812 999 807 844 841 817 826 809 812 839 806 812 999

DO NOT CONFUSE OBFUSCATION WITH ENCRYPTION ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


prijfdehd kx nijdq ore krsiqlogkir kx gcd pdu gi vkygiqu kr oru yirsfkyg

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


WUJXVYMZSHJAHDEJTFHRCIYODZXPXEFGOEKUTUJTNW

GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH SAID PATRICK HENRY


JYCPCAUCWXXMZASSHYOAA


okain ypchol aiiin ctaiin daiin shal shor qokal oxed lkaiin shedy otain ytaiin daral ctaiin daiin rcheol lkaiin dainy oror chor qokal dal shedy sharal qotedy aiiin qokal shaiin sheol otaiin dainy shaiin qokeedy chedy okshy shal otain shal ytaiin ctaiin shor ypchol okshy dal otaiin chedal shor shal oxed otedy

DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS

Voynich manuscript: undeciphered 15th-century script; pseudo-syllabic output.


EOONLSHSSYTLUMTEEOOBOHHYRASOTDRERTTFTRHSNARIISDSFSUFEUGEITTUSYFRHESATNAEOB

THE LIGHT YOU SEE FROM DISTANT STARS LEFT THOSE SUNS THOUSANDS OF YEARS BEFORE YOUR BIRTH


OJINTQMO RMEBMVMU QATQ QAM SGMXTFBGMU EBPM BO GJQ WJNQA EBVBGH TGU QATQ WBOUJF RMHBGO WBQA QAM TUFBOOBJG JP JGMO JWG BHGJNTGIM QABO TKKNJTIA QJ DGJWEMUHM ATO HSBUMU WMOQMNG KABEJOJKAY PJN QWJ FBEEMGGBT

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


GAAFGFDGXXGGXAAGAFGAADFAXFXGXDFXAFGFXDADDF


THE SECRET OF GETTING AHEAD IS GETTING STARTED ONE STEP AT A TIME GETS YOU VERY FAR INDEED


2.10.2 1.36.7 6.47.8 5.4.7 15.18.6 9.23.13 20.19.8 8.1.6 1.6.12 18.47.2 4.2.5 4.44.14 20.27.13 15.42.10 18.44.13 17.20.13 4.13.11 6.6.5 18.34.10 6.30.10 20.27.9 3.25.9 4.42.9 2.17.14 16.41.2 16.30.8 4.21.9 20.49.8 5.47.9 1.2.2 20.44.7 2.12.3 5.38.7 14.21.12 8.32.11 6.10.6 8.28.11 19.2.7 12.16.5 13.42.7 10.2.11 3.4.4 10.36.2 5.47.5 2.39.9 18.19.6 18.33.8 1.36.3 13.26.8 6.48.4 20.10.4 9.3.10 8.7.15 20.14.6 20.48.5 12.12.4 17.19.3 18.18.5 13.37.9 12.22.15 16.28.6 3.7.2 19.20.15 13.30.8 15.8.14 1.2.11 4.2.13 7.37.11 3.30.10 15.46.15 20.31.8 4.2.1 18.49.5 3.15.12 14.8.3 16.22.10 19.49.7 3.39.15 18.15.4 15.25.10 2.24.11 11.14.8 1.2.8 11.12.13 15.18.2 11.11.4 16.13.5 13.49.8 10.8.6 12.50.14 2.29.3 9.21.13 10.28.1 8.46.9 16.46.7 4.20.12 1.39.2 15.31.15 13.35.14 4.38.15 2.49.13 14.5.15 4.40.7 1.26.14 1.30.15 2.9.6 2.20.7 4.14.10 3.20.11 1.9.4 17.49.8 8.5.11 6.21.6 5.44.9 18.27.13 17.49.5 1.14.7 9.32.13 19.14.5 18.21.15 19.15.5 5.3.1 11.7.12 15.28.13 9.10.5 11.25.9 18.13.7 16.34.9 12.23.2 14.45.3 10.2.4 13.39.14 2.47.6 6.49.14 16.1.5 4.41.9 11.47.5 6.23.11 7.35.3 14.37.11 14.29.6 1.45.9 9.26.13 11.49.8 11.25.3 9.22.15 10.13.10 12.13.9 2.21.12 12.20.10 3.46.5 12.15.8 12.42.13 10.21.14 9.39.13

INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER CAREFULLY

Book cipher: coordinates (page.line.word) referencing a shared document.


RUVDSLKNLPZWVDLYHUKPUMVYTHAPVUPZAOLRLFAVCPJAVYFPUHUFJVUMSPJA


MGUCOOLPAYLIWEDYXONGMOATGTTOCAWHGSIXROBNUALWOPSUCMIZGOUZXYLZENUUXGOWERUNWVAPFPUDH

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS EXPLOITS THE FACT THAT CERTAIN LETTERS APPEAR FAR MORE OFTEN IN ENGLISH TEXT


TIGP IXYH ONGL EUWS TVFU OOJL RRED WUI


MLNONHQNHUJPNUCIBIVKPYRJMSJSGYXGAIMRHZZBEVBECVOMCPXTXGXPOFUGKWOBEZYELWWJOPS

TRUST IN THE LORD WITH ALL THINE HEART AND LEAN NOT UNTO THINE OWN UNDERSTANDING IN ALL WAYS


ROZMEMYPRBAYVOL


PBVVIXIBBEHQNRCQZPJWMJFOMFXDDOJORVBVIKPMLJYJHPBJPHIJFKVMQNWBLASVAGVJHCJKWCLIW

ON D DAY THE ALLIED FORCES LANDED ON FIVE NORMANDY BEACHES IN THE GREATEST SEABORNE INVASION


PUBLI CINFZ ASTRZ CTURE DESER VESCA REFUZ DESIX NROUT ECIPH ERSRE ADAGR IDINA PRESC RIBEZ GEOME TRICZ ATTEZ NDIFX IEAND HELLM ANINT RODUC EDPUB LICKZ YCRYZ TOGRA PHYIN NINEZ EENSE VENTX SIXBZ

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX

Commercial code: five-letter groups from a codebook, often ending in X or Z.


ZUZUZ DEZUZ LAZUZ PAZUZ PAZUZ LAZUZ BAZUZ QAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ HAZUZ WAZUZ LAZUZ GAZUZ FAZUZ QAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ XUZUZ BIBAB ZUZUZ CAZUZ WAZUZ SAZUZ NAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ BABAB ZUZUZ MAZUZ BAZUZ TAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ GAZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ TAZUZ BEZUZ WAZUZ TAZUZ PAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DAZUZ LAZUZ TAZUZ KAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ QAZUZ BAZUZ DAZUZ KAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ CAZUZ GAZUZ HAZUZ SAZUZ WAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ BABAB ZUZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ DAZUZ SAZUZ RAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DEZUZ SAZUZ WAZUZ PAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DEZUZ BAZUZ WAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ PAZUZ XAZUZ SAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DAZUZ SAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ GAZUZ FAZUZ XUZUZ BABAB ZUZUZ ZAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ QAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DAZUZ WAZUZ GEZUZ TAZUZ ZAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ BAZUZ PAZUZ GEZUZ XAZUZ LAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ DABAB ZUZUZ XAZUZ TAZUZ GAZUZ RAZUZ ZAZUZ XUZUZ NEBAB ZUZUZ DAZUZ BAZUZ WAZUZ GAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ XUZUZ TABAB BABAB ZUZUZ XAZUZ LAZUZ JAZUZ RAZUZ BAZUZ PAZUZ XAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ ZAZUZ GAZUZ PAZUZ PAZUZ LAZUZ JAZUZ GAZUZ RAZUZ DAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ XAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ CEZUZ LAZUZ DAZUZ GAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ CAZUZ BEZUZ LAZUZ PAZUZ FAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ BAZUZ QAZUZ GAZUZ WAZUZ LAZUZ DAZUZ BAZUZ RAZUZ XUZUZ ZUZUZ DAZUZ SAZUZ FAZUZ GAZUZ CAZUZ WAZUZ GAZUZ BAZUZ NAZUZ LAZUZ RAZUZ JAZUZ XUZUZ

WILLIAM FRIEDMAN WHO BROKE THE JAPANESE PURPLE CIPHER MACHINE BEFORE THE SECOND WORLD WAR ALSO COINED THE TERM CRYPTANALYSIS AND SPENT HIS CAREER AT THE SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BUILDING AMERICAN CODEBREAKING


SMMXGWCZXWELMZLZG


NTNEESRTHYATEROMER


VFOUFQNKFVDPMUOGDNDBSRPHUNDGVFODEZCMYKMGKYGLCMXKKCGCYBBT

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM CHANGED THE COURSE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR


00000 99999 90010 90008 90013 90006 99998 00006 99999 90003 90004 90000 90003 99998


heavy intel light leads carry intel point house exact right upper shore eight south light incur night enter alert route along large group enemy brief

HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS


BAFUCTVSQDWBASSBMVJBCDVBEDTDDVVJFNAFSLDFDSJADFCSUJIFEWOCXPDSDBHDLLPXLJKSJFLDJBCFJMSBDJJNFFVNMSOOJFCTTLCDVDBEFNJQNHUCDFPUCTXFNJBJDNIFNJPXLOBOFNJAFNCXPDSQDFUHSFTXDLMSJBNDJLIDR

AFTER AN UNEQUIVOCAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INEFFICIENCY OF THE SUBSISTING FEDERAL GOVERNMENT YOU ARE CALLED UPON TO DELIBERATE ON A NEW CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


DOVGDV PIV Z DIYDQDNDWDGZ


EMHREEAEEATEENNIEINWDONIUOPDDWPEARMUOFUITYIRKARQVOCAGALDEWVYNMROONRHODNYAALL

ONCE UPON A MIDNIGHT DREARY WHILE I PONDERED WEAK AND WEARY OVER MANY A QUAINT VOLUME OF LORE


NFUFATSMBAEGUHAGTTAXFAWAGWNIHPLRBIKVAPBENFURAAILMLBBSAFWNLBSERBLDXFAFSSAFTVVAALKTBMAPDSEIEJSEQ

THE HEAVENS DECLARE THE GLORY OF GOD AND THE FIRMAMENT SHOWETH FORTH HIS HANDIWORK EACH NIGHT


TSNHGTITENASHMIREETONRSESRIA


GIVSMMLWWLTM


PNPN IJRR UPJI XJXR LJAN YUYN QNXR FADJ PYKI KMQN EHKU ASZH XJWC UIEH EKMI XFFD INDT PTYH MJGM VW

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION THE MESSAGE WAS HIDDEN BUT NOT SECURE


XYWMCKTMNNLPXITRWRLGBBELEQLLBYXQJIFMRZQPDTYRRLPWXBRUEQLVBFQJZOBUOQKCV

IT IS BETTER TO REMAIN SILENT AND BE THOUGHT A FOOL THAN TO SPEAK AND REMOVE ALL DOUBT


NSWLTFHOEKY


BMJHUJIDPYAPRQJAPOPABPTAIBAPUJPDXNMTTOQJPAPBJFYAAPNMARQJHJOPETYKNITYJPJIBSYHRJPFXYSBITQJYKVYNYPEPNIYOIYAFFTATEYXKQFFYGIJXNITTAOYJRFFKNITQXTMGJPINITYFBUBTYAFIYDM

FOR I KNOW THE THOUGHTS THAT I THINK TOWARD YOU SAITH THE LORD THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND NOT OF EVIL TO GIVE YOU AN EXPECTED END THEN SHALL YE CALL UPON ME AND YE SHALL GO AND PRAY UNTO ME AND I WILL HEARKEN


MHNGANERCTMRTLHONLERLPAAHOIIIUTETGSSOAACHDTALCEENNTDSSFNMENHROONNNEEURIIGIIELCUUNE

HUMINT OR HUMAN INTELLIGENCE GATHERING RELIES ON PERSONAL CONTACT AND HUMAN SOURCES IN THE FIELD


FAQDSPKSNXRPHEANMBKL


117 168 130 179 114 115 177 154 167 143 119 127 168 174 119 160 126 128 128 166 174 142 100 176 166 112 118 175 173 177 168 136 138 115 107 117 114 152 181 179 153 136 175 170 142 177 101 161 125 117 129 100 143 154 166 166 146 147 132 177 182 140 159 177 173 158 173 177 175 163 172 164 153 148 161 143 175 114 152 119 161 168 141 148 145 161 143 175 114 118 152 145 135 128 136 135 174 175 100 107 176 158 139 128 149 135 141 124 149 166 166 162 112 114 180 105 114 114

TIMES ARE BAD CHILDREN NO LONGER OBEY THEIR PARENTS AND EVERYONE IS WRITING A BOOK IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE YOUNG HAVE ALWAYS AND WILL ALWAYS BE AN UNRULY GENERATION FULL OF FOOLISHNESS


2 50 60 34 76 70 24 35 96 27 66 40 81 33 23 52 11 43 60 58 72 81 24 48 79 59 64 22 99 87 48 82 70 27 46 46 59 70 33 87 93 63 94 48 34 1 63 63 39 59 22 11 1 30 66 15 48 27 34 46 32 15 21 68 66 76 81 68 45 23 82 87 94 96 23 60 60 23 58 72 63 23 70 50 76 14 58 35 23 25 72 26 39 50 1 39 96 76 78 49 81 64 48 63 23 81 62 48 81 60 79 48 58 59 61 93 87 1 60 59 45 81 63 72 39 92 2 96 63 17 27 67 33 91 49 21 21 49 63 94 23 58 43 14 50 33 4 32 39 25 59 63 96 23 2 96 63 88 82 67 22 60 50 17 93 46 68 11

A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE AN AFFINE CIPHER APPLIES A LINEAR FUNCTION TO EACH LETTER OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION POLYALPHABETIC CIPHERS USE MULTIPLE ALPHABET SHIFTS

Homophonic substitution: each letter maps to multiple possible numbers.


MOYEHKZFLHGVLRESUQYEEVLUGIMILAFVJLKLBJCRVKXKVLDVKBSFRUCFGABRHEJMLLAIPRGRNBGEP

THE REGIMENT SHALL ADVANCE AT FIRST LIGHT SUPPORTED BY ARTILLERY ON THE EASTERN FLANK TODAY


MFDRLBTHKHICDERVFMQTRBKAHISRFFOLKRZMSKFYKTUSTAXRKGWYCCKNHPWSIKHLGWUZPKWSACFIDAQTIUWS

CODED TRANSMISSION INDICATES ENEMY FORCES ASSEMBLING ALONG THE BORDER WITH HEAVY ARTILLERY UNITS


YHDJCACDWGJDFRNUMONNFULJECTYOMPMWYYHCMRTXBECPSBIDXQSATYIFIPSPKFESESSTKVQNA

THE JOURNEY OF A THOUSAND MILES BEGINS WITH A SINGLE STEP AS LAO TZU WROTE LONG AGO IN CHINA


ERNI NLEC IABO ACET BEHV OTSY LFAS TDOD ERRC DNAO YETP TIBD EETX AREA THHE SSSM AETO RITR EETA DARI SSSL XXPI BHOE BTRE CNEE OCON CFTU MSHE ENEY NHXX AGRN SPTE HSRA UTAR

ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS ATBASH ENCODES BY REVERSING THE ALPHABET

Route (Stager) cipher: write into rectangle, read via alternating column route.


36 59 77 68 29 80 82 68 11 68 20 57 82 69 59 66 65 59 66 61 36 69 59 57 11 61 36 69 89 68 57 57 80 82 68 61 69 29 50 29 25 61 66 82 65 61 68 77 69 11 82 57 52 68 29 52 57 68 61 61 50 76 43 65 68 66 66 82 80 29 61 20 59 66 50 66 52 68 29 68 57 61 69 20 82 89 80 69 29 25 80 69 59 66 82 52 50 65 36 82 80 61 80 82 68 11 68 25 80 50 11 50 29 68 65 80 82 61 52 80 50 20 82 11 25 82 69 77 82 66 80 50 52 65 68 66 66 82 80 29 36 50 57 57 52 50 65 36 82 80 59 61 82 61 57 50 29 82 68 80 68 57 25 82 20 80 68 66 69 82 29 52 80 43 65 66 20 57 69 52 55 61 69 76 57 82 66 66 82 80 61

HUMAN READABLE OUTPUT SHOULD SHOW ALL REASONING STEPS A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN HILL CIPHER USES LINEAR ALGEBRA TO ENCRYPT BLOCKS OF LETTERS


AWMLBMRFOGVXSJMHGFQQVEATOMVJYJZEMQBNTDEHSAKOKDWCHSTAZHVFHSORQPNEKXATDDSARGPKUMPSKVWXVVUHBYJCJBJWKOIMQHDSOLBDUJLEFIQLNZHDIESTYJCOHIFSKQRETDEBMPTTXFADGMSLWQTTQBIHEBJGKLBWTZSEFQHFM

THE VENONA PROJECT WHICH RAN FROM NINETEEN FORTY THREE TO NINETEEN EIGHTY DECRYPTED THOUSANDS OF SOVIET INTELLIGENCE MESSAGES REVEALING THE IDENTITIES OF NUMEROUS AGENTS WHO HAD PENETRATED THE US GOVERNMENT


LSZICDITMWOTPYPRRDGNKTQMTESMVVKLVUUGHDOBYFAZUDPMMDQDKZRUGXFQBTKHCD

WE ARE SUCH STUFF AS DREAMS ARE MADE ON AND OUR LITTLE LIFE IS ROUNDED WITH A SLEEP


24 31 44 15 32 35 34 15 44 24 42 11 33 33 34


ITULUYITFHROUBORJKHMJVVEYVRCWUYMOCAWEUZNSFMPMRVVE

ALL THAT GLITTERS IS NOT GOLD OFTEN HAVE YOU HEARD THAT TOLD


PPBMMSWQQWWZFZA


GSHSJSFPWNWHSYNFFUOPJKBPASHFCSFOKXPKJFPYSBNTHCJCGFOCGTOKS

ELEMENTARY MY DEAR WATSON THE GAME IS AFOOT AND THE CRIMINAL IS CLOSE


XMXSGCPBTPNAPQDOFCUUVGPGIEVKGIAULXGWQODVNQAOQCLCMIEHKFIPGHBQBROPTGRJPTEDDKNBKDFFG

THOSE WHO CANNOT REMEMBER THE PAST ARE CONDEMNED TO REPEAT IT AS PHILOSOPHER SANTAYANA OBSERVED


THE COURSE OF TRUE LOVE NEVER DID RUN SMOOTH THROUGH AGES


KSHVSFSTCFSHVSFSDFSGSBHOHWJSGCTHVSIBWHSRGHOHSGCTOASFWQOWBUSBSFOZQCBUFSGGOGGSAPZSRODDSOZWBUHCHVSGIDFSASXIRUSCTHVSKCFZRTCFHVSFSQHWHIRSCTCIFWBHSBHWCBGRCGCZSABZMDIPZWGV

WE THEREFORE THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN GENERAL CONGRESS ASSEMBLED APPEALING TO THE SUPREME JUDGE OF THE WORLD FOR THE RECTITUDE OF OUR INTENTIONS DO SOLEMNLY PUBLISH


ZVKADBEMXI


IFKTCXNOPEARODRWCOPCANAPNUTINSCNIPTOYOTRLEFCIITOXURTSHDOSPLERREEATEIEMEDBEHSIXTYOGNCWSLPLLINEAERIUAGINXPREURWEABONONRAVTHSAKDNADEHTLBTXOTANP

PATTERN WORDS HELP BREAK MONOALPHABETIC SUBSTITUTION OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION CRYPTOGRAPHY REWARDS PATIENCE AND CAREFUL THINKING


DGDAGXADXFDADDGVAAFDDXDAFD


20 18 1 14 19 16 15 19 9 20 9 15 14 3 9 16 8 5 18 19 18 5 1 18 18 1 14 7 5 12 5 20 20 5 18 19 23 9 20 8 15 21 20 19 21 2 19 20 9 20 21 20 9 15 14 15 16 5 14 19 15 21 18 3 5 20 15 15 12 19 1 12 12 15 23 9 14 4 5 16 5 14 4 5 14 20 22 5 18 9 6 9 3 1 20 9 15 14

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION


MAMEFGDDIUVUWYNWXYAUPMXYTHDQASRLKSVUDKIUMEKHAFNTLUMTBTULZNOPQQSAVDGMDFNGMFUDTPZHYFHVVQCVZOKGLGCHMOUSWHYNOAZURQQCTMRNLZMEGTOHLQNFMAIYCJKWOZMONUERVVRXWQXWUROUUGNCKMSG

IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY ISAAC NEWTON SYNTHESIZED THE WORK OF COPERNICUS GALILEO AND KEPLER INTO A UNIFIED THEORY OF GRAVITATION THAT EXPLAINED BOTH THE FALL OF APPLES AND THE ORBITS OF PLANETS


YHFVDNYHVMFPZHJPLPRDIKBLXCJIBHXGUIHRUIIJCMMBXPTZUYPMAOWEEPZHMMHRBXYHNNTBNCTZLF

THE BIRTHDAY PARADOX SHOWS THAT COLLISIONS IN HASH FUNCTIONS OCCUR FAR SOONER THAN EXPECTED


14 41 22 45 57 51 43 16 73 14 57 30 36 82 32 12 88 71 73 62 21 65 24 52 41 14 73 32 79 22 14 43 88 82 73 41 22 52 21 88 16 14 22 44 73 75 13 66 88 51 14 72 87 66 71 23 72 30 69 44 65 15 73 43 22 14 35 88 51 73 66 22 14 41 13 88 30 73 39 82 59 72 51 57 21 16 71 22 14 32 80 24 66 25 34 73 43 88 57 14 65 45 72 13 62 32 23 80 62 22 87 65 82 88 30 16 42 66 79 22 21 45 57 51 55 71 32 39 53 69 34 65 75 32 73 41 88 22 15 87 65 82 14 13 43 16 30 52 88 69 73 41 22 49 32 21 25 34 15 65 82 88 18 22 21

THE MANHATTAN PROJECT BROUGHT TOGETHER THE GREATEST SCIENTIFIC MINDS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY IN A RACE TO BUILD THE ATOMIC BOMB BEFORE NAZI GERMANY COULD DO SO THE EFFORT CHANGED THE WORLD FOREVER


NQGALZNIE AVZM R QZOFK MNDNQABA RB ONJ MACPHBFQY HPJ

GRONSFELD USES A DIGIT SEQUENCE AS THE REPEATING KEY

Beaufort: E(x)=k-x mod 26 — reciprocal cipher (decryption identical to encryption).


THAN-ZIE   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   DZEH   /   TSAH   /   TKIN   /   AH-JAH   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   MOASI   /   LIN   /   TKIN   /   TSAH   /   DZEH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   BE   /   GAH   /   A-KHA   /   THAN-ZIE   /   A-KHA   /   GAH   /   DIBEH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   A-KHA   /   MOASI   /   GAH   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DZEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   CLA-GI-AIH   /   A-KHA   /   DIBEH-YAZZIE   /   TSAH-AS-ZIH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE

THE ENIGMA MACHINE USED ROTORS TO CREATE A POLYALPHABETIC CIPHER GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS

Navajo Code Talker cipher: Navajo words represent English letters.


PJJ TFPT DJGTTERS GS MNT DNJC NBTEM FPVE YNU FEPRC TFPT TNJC


YODZQQPTJFVKRMFXODZQQHHETAZSILSPTKZKMRLREP

GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH SAID PATRICK HENRY


THAN-ZIE   /   LIN   /   DZEH   /   NA-AS-TSO-SI   /   DZEH   /   DIBEH   /   DIBEH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   AH-JAH   /   DZEH   /   GLOE-IH   /   WOL-LA-CHEE   /   DIBEH   /   LIN   /   TKIN   /   BE   /   BE   /   DZEH   /   TSAH   /   SHUSH   /   NO-DA-IH   /   THAN-ZIE   /   TSAH   /   A-KHA   /   THAN-ZIE   /   DIBEH   /   DZEH   /   MOASI   /   NO-DA-IH   /   GAH   /   DZEH


BXYBLCSTJDGOSROYXYHIBQWMQSWTZFUEAXGVILAESHIEJFMMXKRGWQSIRKRVSMRPAFNZPEMOVDYUIGBCCXGRMUAAFVMKHVSL

THE AUTOKEY CIPHER EXTENDS THE KEY WITH THE PLAINTEXT ITSELF A SCYTALE IS A ROD USED BY SPARTANS TO ENCRYPT MESSAGES


ITCSGSSMBWKFNBPC


MFRDQMFKOTYLEKGHYUB


12.6.6 5.47.8 12.45.14 1.22.11 5.36.8 18.4.15 14.40.13 14.50.12 11.44.15 15.40.15 2.45.5 2.12.2 9.35.15 1.3.2 7.19.13 4.10.12 6.38.14 19.1.6 12.37.2 10.13.2 2.6.9 15.43.14 15.12.13 7.6.8 14.30.12 11.37.13 19.18.11 6.11.8 13.15.4 16.16.8 7.49.3 6.47.14 16.18.7 12.27.8 20.44.7 15.34.14 9.48.4 19.15.9 13.47.5 6.14.12 4.24.12 6.50.13 17.25.8 1.6.12 4.31.9 15.48.4 15.14.6 17.30.8 9.3.8 20.5.6 7.44.7 8.41.8 9.2.10 10.13.2 17.40.3 20.48.1 20.42.11 20.8.9 17.40.15 10.44.2 18.28.4 4.25.1 6.8.14 17.1.4 7.15.12 3.2.5 17.33.7 13.25.10 15.32.14 2.17.3 2.12.9 7.50.3 16.38.11 16.34.11 11.27.10 5.4.3 13.11.15 12.21.3 6.9.4 12.44.4 6.18.10 4.14.6 14.30.6 10.4.4 10.16.10 8.39.15 11.28.8 1.37.6 10.29.6 18.11.10 9.1.6 3.9.8 19.50.4 7.30.6 20.2.14 16.46.11 1.30.1 20.21.7 12.16.12 18.12.14 17.35.7 10.8.10 6.30.13 2.5.9 12.45.7 1.50.6 13.17.15 12.9.1 14.39.8 17.2.2 17.16.6 13.15.9 7.49.2 14.50.9 13.3.14 12.28.14 4.47.6 7.16.7 5.43.4 8.27.12 13.44.2 5.25.11 8.19.15 17.34.13 1.30.11 1.48.4 11.25.6 6.5.3 8.13.13 8.33.10 19.30.2 2.11.9 6.4.15 3.24.8 5.9.14 5.5.7 8.18.2 3.21.11 7.43.7 8.20.5 18.12.3 13.7.14 15.20.12 7.44.1 14.6.13 19.41.9 5.17.7 18.7.14 12.44.5 8.1.11 18.6.7 20.24.5 17.14.8 10.31.13 7.22.12 13.46.9 20.43.10 2.47.10 3.27.11 11.47.2 18.16.5 13.12.1 20.23.11 6.19.5 14.25.5 3.21.7 14.26.7 10.10.12 6.17.9 19.42.1 8.3.15 8.21.11 20.26.11 8.8.3 11.13.4 5.47.4 11.28.2 20.27.13 19.43.12 2.30.3 10.39.13 16.50.15 18.36.11 3.4.8 11.6.12

ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION OPEN SOURCE TOOLS ALLOW INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION THE BIFID CIPHER COMBINES A POLYBIUS SQUARE WITH TRANSPOSITION SLOWLY


AWMBXGOZKVQRZMURMINKIUTDEKTCRHSIOUZDNYIGVYXKQDJTOPCFKHPHAJATTJNETWFAIQTGHMSFZ

THE RIGHT OF THE PEOPLE TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED BY THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT


60 16 18 09 14 20 09 14 07 16 18 05 19 19 03 08 01 14 07 05 19 01 12 12


XFQUXUYSJNSCEBLMSEAXVHFQQNLFPDDKAOMVOZXDDWDOZALNMVVHFQQUZXKALCOWLXQNZTZEZDJKXPMPRUMPDLIPVHFQPWLFPDDKUZUFMPWXKBFRWSANGIHUOWOQFQCADOLGANXFESRARUFRJQQOQADNDOANUYLR

IMMANUEL KANT PROPOSED THAT WE SHOULD ACT ONLY ACCORDING TO THAT MAXIM BY WHICH WE CAN AT THE SAME TIME WILL THAT IT SHOULD BECOME A UNIVERSAL LAW THIS CATEGORICAL IMPERATIVE DEFINES MORAL DUTY


MVBYZJVYLHUKZLCLUFLHYZHNVVBYMHAOLYZIYVBNOAMVYAOAOPZUHAPVU

FOUR SCORE AND SEVEN YEARS AGO OUR FATHERS BROUGHT FORTH THIS NATION


SSIQM ATJXR KTCRA GMCAT WZBVU HDIQX RZMDI MQXKR IZDES OLZZF IOOAY MMSND MWFHW NLAFZ VRHH

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS CAN REVEAL WEAK CIPHERS THE BEST LESSONS SHOW WHERE THE METHOD FAILS

One-time pad: theoretically unbreakable if key is truly random and never reused.


CHYDHBRZDYMZ


OISIGWPNPFMILDDEURUZ


06308 2516 01583 2896 04425 01279 1631 07587 4776 1968 00947 4747 2882 04487 01002 2864 1260 01629 4442 00998 1653 2912 6026 00368 6680 06002 01575 01933 06678 3774 01027 3825 6602 01589 6007 01654 01041 6653 05744 2917 06286 7869 00969 3791 00354 02860 4113 6025 6025 02576 4807 6615 03864 1259 00655 01659 6362 01587 6060 6368 1609 1312 06665 04398 01346 1633 5735 06015 0954 5652 06653 6330 2866 4396 7882

THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE IS A USEFUL CLUE SECURITY CLAIMS SHOULD BE TESTED UNDER SCRUTINY

Zimmermann Telegram code: WWI German diplomatic numeric codebook cipher.


0347 0918 1255 0538 0667 0856 0918 1672 1421 0472 0285 1421 0472 0918 1503 0408 0472 1421 1346 1421 0472 0012 1421 0538 1421 0472 0538 0856 0667 1421 0918 1672 0012 1255 0219 1821 0918 1503 1346 0012 0538 1421 0472 1421 0472 0285 0729 0918 1255 0219 1421 0472 0918 1503 0408 0472 1421 1346 0918 0347 1024 0285 0012 0156 0285 0012 0856 0219 0856 0918 1421 0918 0347 0285 1599 0538 0729 1421 0918 0408 0538 1599 0285 1821 0918 1503 0012 0856 0285 1748 1024 0285 0156 1421 0285 0219 0285 0856 0219 1421 0472 0285 0856 1346 0472 0012 0729 0729 1821 0285 0156 0012 0729 0729 1503 1024 0918 0856 0792 0285 0012 0856 0219 1821 0285 1346 0472 0012 0729 0729 0408 0918 0012 0856 0219 1024 1255 0012 1821 1503 0856 1421 0918 0792 0285 0012 0856 0219 0538 1672 0538 0729 0729 0472 0285 0012 1255 0667 0285 0856

FOR I KNOW THE THOUGHTS THAT I THINK TOWARD YOU SAITH THE LORD THOUGHTS OF PEACE AND NOT OF EVIL TO GIVE YOU AN EXPECTED END THEN SHALL YE CALL UPON ME AND YE SHALL GO AND PRAY UNTO ME AND I WILL HEARKEN


LWOFRXFIXONTEIGYRERIILKTRSSNKEBSPFSOGQLJGYANTMDNBERTNFEPTWNH

THIS ABOVE ALL TO THINE OWN SELF BE TRUE AND IT MUST FOLLOW AS NIGHT THE DAY


ONBTECLUOETAYEHHAFPRLPTFDRAENOIIERMAJSLLSRTMSEEGUPSEORACNNNONNOLDWAAESSNRR

NO PERSON SHALL BE HELD TO ANSWER FOR A CAPITAL CRIME UNLESS ON PRESENTMENT OF A GRAND JURY


5166 4154 5563 4680 4427 4998 4298 4427 4216 5397 4680 4998 4550 5488 5741 4680 4298 5563 5060 5397 5963


LAPLHBLAJXYMULIPRHXSPBNPMRYBLAJRJPMHXHNMVHMIHBJLAHNUPBIJYDALANBIMJIPBIUYFLRLAMJJPVVTJMUHBUAJVIPUUVPZJUKYLAYBPBRULPLJYBMJCJVVYHBPDPYBULLAJNBYLJIULPLJUUAPVVCJXMJJ

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


23 05 60 16 05 15 16 12 05 62 60 21 14 09 20 05 04 19 20 01 20 05 19 64 15 18 04 05 18 63 06 15 18 13 01 13 15 18 05 16 05 18 06 05 03 20 21 14 09 15 14 05 19 20 01 02 12 09 19 08 10 21 19 20 09 03 05 09 14 19 21 18 05 04 15 13 05 19 20 09 03 20 18 01 14 17 21 09 12 09 20 25 16 18 15 22 09 04 05 06 15 18 60 03 15 13 13 15 14 04 05 06 05 14 19 05 16 18 15 13 15 20 05 60 07 05 14 05 18 01 12 23 05 12 06 01 18 05

WE THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN ORDER TO FORM A MORE PERFECT UNION ESTABLISH JUSTICE INSURE DOMESTIC TRANQUILITY PROVIDE FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE PROMOTE THE GENERAL WELFARE


MNIQ UGJA LKHS DJPN ZSPG TIJC NZKL XTEZ ZVZF PLIH YEUK FEHS SHSC ELJP MEKJ QVVZ RGWD LVLF LCAC HUUQ UYAW NWOO DPTX EJDY ZWEP BZGQ LHXN HYVB OCOJ SLLO OFZA YWXW ZUNZ YXPS VNAP PXZC VTCI JKPO MJQI GEHL EUTQ CTRM MLKN DCIY PVCT LSPQ

ROUTE CIPHERS READ A GRID IN A PRESCRIBED GEOMETRIC PATTERN MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY THE PLAYFAIR CIPHER ENCRYPTS PAIRS OF LETTERS SIMULTANEOUSLY A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE ALWAYS


2.5.1 10.3.8 9.1.4 12.1.3 1.1.4 14.6.6 17.1.2 2.3.5 16.5.9 9.1.6 8.6.1 12.6.7 18.3.6 17.4.9 17.2.4 5.5.2 2.6.2 5.5.6 7.6.5 8.6.9 19.4.7 3.5.1 19.3.4 9.6.6 15.1.5 19.1.1 10.6.1 10.1.1 15.2.2 12.5.1 20.1.5 16.4.4 20.1.8 11.4.6 15.3.2 2.6.6 14.3.1 18.4.1 20.6.6 12.3.3 9.3.3 17.3.8 1.2.8 2.5.4 18.3.4 12.4.7 16.4.8 7.5.7 6.1.9 1.4.10 10.1.4 10.2.4 10.1.8 4.5.7 17.3.8 3.2.4 19.6.2 18.5.4 14.3.1 15.3.6 11.4.9 12.1.6 15.6.1 5.4.5 13.5.5 13.4.7 6.1.3 12.4.7 9.2.4 8.4.7 8.1.5 13.5.5 16.4.3 20.2.9 3.6.3 13.1.4 11.5.10 10.2.10 12.6.7

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING HISTORICAL CIPHERS ARE TEACHERS NOT PROTECTION

Arnold-André book cipher: coordinates (page.section.word) referencing a shared text.


AEOT NRNE ITUT DIOP RETT TNUS GCLK SRRA IOSH ARSI RTLR BEYE SOEI SNIE NSUO ATDE RWWY MPSN TTTR GWBN NOSA UOHS AYUT RRIS EISX SOHS TREP LMNY IAOR LTTX PLOO EKNA LECI BNNE EHIX ASWN FSTC EAEN USCA TOTX RHII OOHE NSRA TPIR TUUX

A TRANSPARENT TOOL SHOULD SHOW ITS REASONING BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL ENTROPY MEASURES UNCERTAINTY IN A DISTRIBUTION TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION


SISE LFLF GSZA SSRF OAUB ASFG GUES OGZB QSYT NWYN YBFR RWFO CBFG HESA BGOF YBUO ABPF SEIN PYRS INQS ANSQ BZSF PSTB ESQB ATNQ SANS

EVERY SYSTEM NEEDS AN HONEST THREAT MODEL FAIL CLOSED IS A POSTURE NOT A SLOGAN OBSERVABLE EVIDENCE COMES BEFORE CONFIDENCE


HGNMXKNSXDCPCMRUUTNSHTSQIAYSECAETULPGIRKAHBYAOPODLAUTYKSGDZBOAELCPFX

I KNOW NOT WHAT COURSE OTHERS MAY TAKE BUT AS FOR ME GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH


SSSIRYBWYTNPOIZJCPCWQYNOTCLUOQUOJWYSYGIPJWDJOMGVQEPDCPQWSVDJ

KNOWLEDGE IS POWER AND INFORMATION IS THE KEY TO VICTORY IN ANY CONFLICT


NAWENILUTSTPHNLCTIONSBGSHEHRASREWAITTPFTTKNAQISSSKTFSUFUHOTAHQIFCPDMDOREUEHXOW

NAVAL UNITS IN POSITION OFF THE COAST AWAITING SIGNAL TO COMMENCE SHORE BOMBARDMENT AT DAWN


ZBQREA RAPELCGVBA VF ABG OEBXRA OL YRGGRE SERDHRAPL CHOYVP VASENFGEHPGHER QRFREIRF PNERSHY QRFVTA

MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN


CHOY VPVA SENF GEHP GHER QRFR EIRF PNER SHYQ RFVT AQVS SVRN AQUR YYZN AVAG EBQH PRQC HOYV PXRL PELC GBTE NCUL VAAV ARGR RAFR IRAG LFVK GURE NVYS RAPR PVCU REJE VGRF GRKG VANM VTMN TCNG GREA QVTE NCUN AQGE VTEN CUSE RDHR APVR FRKC BFRF VZCY RPVC UREF NYJN LF

PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN DIFFIE AND HELLMAN INTRODUCED PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY IN NINETEEN SEVENTY SIX THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN DIGRAPH AND TRIGRAPH FREQUENCIES EXPOSE SIMPLE CIPHERS ALWAYS

ROT-13 is Caesar with shift 13 — it is its own inverse.


0634 05718 6639 06298 01660 01909 04774 5740 1017 1573 07269 4776 5662 03457 06039 4710 04454 03788 07853 07313 02513 1627 04441 6343 2521 1595 3488 1631 07919 6013 05080 00390 0949 1616 02855 06030 06021 04119 00348 3782 3819

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL


CSZUPQPKYFBXJHUKTYFIZUHDFCEMOSLOOIBMHRYGXCGVTYPDNPFPPSDIUIFEYHCQUFFIDABWXDJWYFGSJZ

GENERAL ORDERS NUMBER ONE ALL COMMUNICATIONS SHALL BE ENCRYPTED USING THE APPROVED CIPHER DISK


TTRG WBNC SNFR ISEI SMRN BRAO RLTT OYOY ENNE EHID PTLQ SCAT OTET BEUP IRTU URIR TEOP RETT NOOT NSHA RSIE NKEC IENS UONI ERY

TRANSPOSITION CIPHERS REARRANGE LETTERS WITHOUT SUBSTITUTION MODERN ENCRYPTION IS NOT BROKEN BY LETTER FREQUENCY


SUCRQVONAZUCRQVONAIPRKBVTOAKMWJZOAIXLGFIFKPAHTBAZHLWDSYEUCRQVONAMBTWXAFIFK

GOOD NIGHT GOOD NIGHT PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW THAT I SHALL SAY GOOD NIGHT TILL MORROW


VYEALWYNWGWHQOVRMWKFAENXRBUNIHEAICFQYCTDPCQUTKTITUYZEEXUDADDDOYDNRTLUFSC

THE LORD GIVES WISDOM FROM HIS MOUTH COME KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING FOR ALL NATIONS


XBYOEWPCOEZTVMU


MCAREESILYVSAEXXDGECXXLREEX


IGKPBQUKMMQDOX


BNEZQJPRPXXG


HNTRSCFSVTDSGVQBSSZKGGBQQPCSPIUPODUNMSQOUEDKURSTOOMGKCRNPINHEQUMBNIMALIMPHAQBPIZOY

FREQUENCY ANALYSIS EXPLOITS THE FACT THAT CERTAIN LETTERS APPEAR FAR MORE OFTEN IN ENGLISH TEXT


AADGAXDFXDFDGXAAGFDGGFAFFGGD


8603 7654 7467 8854 7194 7911 7911 8528 7654 7194 8781 7467 7467 7194 8437 8528


ALWQFGBMDQF


TEALHVERXXXXXHWLSAEASXXXXX


XUQTGKQHJUHI VYHIJ QHCO SEHFI EHTUHI VEH ESJERUH VEKHJX DYDUJUUD UYWXJUUD JXU SEHFI MYBB QJJQSA QJ PUHE XEKH MYJX QBB QLQYBQRBU VEHSUI JXU ERZUSJYLU YI JXU HYTWU ELUHBEEAYDW JXU QHWEDDU VEHUIJ

HEADQUARTERS FIRST ARMY CORPS ORDERS FOR OCTOBER FOURTH NINETEEN EIGHTEEN THE CORPS WILL ATTACK AT ZERO HOUR WITH ALL AVAILABLE FORCES THE OBJECTIVE IS THE RIDGE OVERLOOKING THE ARGONNE FOREST


ZFXIKUFJPXHULFXHQVFYHOXBZLWITUIULFAQJXFJVUEUKVPJBSHSMDGLOKFTHSEMIROKSKVTETYHNFMKGBTQKDMMOMWPXIKVVTSKPFNVJJFSGZKFAPXOEJPXWIISKFUMUAGFSGUXSMOZHOXJUQTHPYRMINTOZTVHOJWI

WE THEREFORE THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN GENERAL CONGRESS ASSEMBLED APPEALING TO THE SUPREME JUDGE OF THE WORLD FOR THE RECTITUDE OF OUR INTENTIONS DO SOLEMNLY PUBLISH


VURGRFLICERNWAUANOLAVURGHMCPITZDORBKQGGUUSPTQAIQRGDOBSRPOUWOTQFIPPDHEAOV

WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE WITH CHARITY FOR ALL LET US BIND UP THE NATIONS WOUNDS AND HEAL


DSJJ QYGJ YFCYB


SEMMEQHMPHANALSA


⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a29⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w38⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w04⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a17⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a23⟩ ⟨w40⟩ ⟨a13⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w28⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w32⟩ ⟨a25⟩ ⟨w14⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w08⟩ ⟨a01⟩ ⟨w22⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a11⟩ ⟨w20⟩ ⟨w34⟩ ⟨a19⟩ ⟨w10⟩ ⟨a07⟩ ⟨w26⟩

THE ONE TIME PAD IS THEORETICALLY UNBREAKABLE IF USED CORRECTLY A MODEL CAN CLASSIFY PATTERNS BUT IT CAN ALSO BE WRONG

Babington nomenclator: symbol tokens ⟨wNN⟩/⟨aNN⟩ used in the 1586 Babington Plot.


TBIEHQOVED


DMWTBLVUQRLNVHSNYMLUCLEGRIWDEKVZHRKMDMSJIWWKANSOHRDGMWLXJTQREKZHQIDMOZVZUR

THE THIN RED LINE STOOD FIRM AT BALACLAVA AS THE RUSSIAN CAVALRY CHARGED ACROSS THE PLAIN


YIFGV ULIXV DLIPH LMOB DSVM GSV PVB HKZXV RH HNZOO VIILI XLIIVXGRLM ZMW WVGVXGRLM ZIV UFMWZNVMGZO GL HVXFIV HBHGVNH XZVHZI HSRUGVW GSV ZOKSZYVG YB GSIVV KLHRGRLMH YVZFULIG RH GSV IVXRKILXZO LU ERTVMVIV ZMW WVXIBKGH RGHVOU

BRUTE FORCE WORKS ONLY WHEN THE KEY SPACE IS SMALL ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF

Atbash maps A↔Z, B↔Y, … and is its own inverse.


THEFX IEDMA NTEST USESZ HEIND EXOFC OINCI DENCE TOEST IMATE KEYLZ NGTHD OUBLX TRANS POSIX IONAP PLIEZ COLUZ NAREX CRYPT IONTZ ICEPU BLICI NFRAX TRUCT UREDE SERVE SCARE FULDX SIGNH ONESX LYDEE

THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH DOUBLE TRANSPOSITION APPLIES COLUMNAR ENCRYPTION TWICE PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE DESERVES CAREFUL DESIGN HONESTLY


THE KASISKI EXAMINATION FINDS REPEATED TRIGRAMS IN CIPHERTEXT THE FRIEDMAN TEST USES THE INDEX OF COINCIDENCE TO ESTIMATE KEY LENGTH CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS A STRONG CLAIM NEEDS STRONG EVIDENCE

Morse code: dots and dashes; word-separated by / symbol.


YVVIRWKALOIAD


ODRFSUUNUBFFRRDDGGQFOXPYALZIGPUCUWIGQLALTCGSUHDSZIGPNRRRFQQBAHDLORUCIGELIMTKUNEQDDDYRRBEZICPGSSUILNMMUOOSUERIRIMQDEBQXDGRIKINXEQIQIGILLMFNIGRQRMUEKSMQESQHCCDBEQNYFTIMSQQAIR

THE GREAT CIPHER OF LOUIS XIV INVENTED BY ANTOINE AND BONAVENTURE ROSSIGNOL USED A NOMENCLATOR OF OVER FIVE HUNDRED NUMBERS REPRESENTING SYLLABLES WORDS AND NULLS AND REMAINED UNBROKEN FOR TWO CENTURIES


BIKDICQAQMBTNJVTEWNCYAPQBCGEDSVZZRLNLJFMTKIRIILIXDMIZTFAXOEIQABUHHMRLODAJQZWDFSGCHAWRFJGFKVSUJFOMYRLEDQFRIZRKDFWAINDBBNICYHZPKEVBGVUXREEVKJGONWZPGOPKQGWWSZDWMNCCYGJQFSMQX

SOCRATES BELIEVED THAT THE UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING AND THAT WISDOM BEGINS WITH THE ADMISSION OF ONES OWN IGNORANCE THIS APPROACH TO KNOWLEDGE HAS GUIDED WESTERN PHILOSOPHY FOR TWO MILLENNIA


CAESA RSHIF TEDTX EALPH ABETX YTHRE EPOSX TIONS ERROR CORRE CTIOX ANDDX TECTI ONARZ FUNDA MENTA LTOSX CUREX YSTEZ SDABX

CAESAR SHIFTED THE ALPHABET BY THREE POSITIONS ERROR CORRECTION AND DETECTION ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO SECURE SYSTEMS


USEHECTAEBTVAEA


CEEKTSDANDRGQIUPVRKSGAATVJIKPHVIMWJJOGVIQVPHVNIFZOATKCOCHYSVOIEPHVEMLKCACVBVRPSNVMDJBRFDBVVJOIKPKZHLSIQBXPOFLZSRNSKYMQCWSYFNFVOOLELWECAIDACLNBIVBVIANRIMOCNERUGWEPHVWQSCZ

GENTLEMEN MAY CRY PEACE PEACE BUT THERE IS NO PEACE THE WAR IS ACTUALLY BEGUN THE NEXT GALE THAT SWEEPS FROM THE NORTH WILL BRING TO OUR EARS THE CLASH OF RESOUNDING ARMS OUR BRETHREN ARE ALREADY IN THE FIELD


YOAUFEVBAJCMVWYOELZKKSSFDHQPQCKGLTCPPEJUETVYHUTSQRQZWGMWEBHWOYSSMIYKRXXCEKOXLHGQTSPIOBQNJPWDKOVAYXIXKUYHXMCNNWEPBPWQCCCRUYRYODSDGWRFCEZZJNESKHJUCVPQMXOVDVXIEZFT

THAT ON THE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD ONE THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED AND SIXTY THREE ALL PERSONS HELD AS SLAVES WITHIN ANY STATE IN REBELLION AGAINST THE UNITED STATES SHALL BE FREE


NMQWZNMQWWAWZUQW


OEENGNLVLWEWOHTFEOTATDPRHSKOETRGYLORWEKNTOLROOLOVKUANOZIFEPIEGLEELWEODPNTEGEIRSWDA

ZERO KNOWLEDGE PROOFS ALLOW ONE PARTY TO PROVE KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT REVEALING THE KNOWLEDGE ITSELF


CNRHSLEDKHFLCCDAPPBEHKODHBFCMWQCQFLPJFBQRVSFDIEYNKOXKSOEIPRKKXRQOFRKMBQEYI

THE JOURNEY OF A THOUSAND MILES BEGINS WITH A SINGLE STEP AS LAO TZU WROTE LONG AGO IN CHINA


FORTUNE FAVORS THE BOLD AND THE BRAVE WHO DARE TO ACT


KOHTTMKLMFZISAVYUASFEEGQHGUXTKUTVUASWQXIMCGVOISZIEFFEQTFWAMEPEAGTCDBRVETBPPKZM

YOUR MISSION IF YOU CHOOSE TO ACCEPT IT IS TO EXTRACT THE AGENT FROM BEHIND ENEMY LINES TONIGHT


ZBCW ADHD CAYH QARG WUWR YUWT ZEJU SYSJ YHBL MTGU HHBV

THE RAIL FENCE CIPHER WRITES TEXT IN A ZIGZAG PATTERN


DLKKPDGDSMNLDFKQKSMUPDKLSLADCQFLWREOQBLSKCOPQISHISWVWAQRKHTUFDWRVSIGITIGSZ

DO NOT GO GENTLE INTO THAT GOOD NIGHT OLD AGE SHOULD BURN AND RAVE AT CLOSE OF DAY RAGE RAGE


BEAUFORT IS THE RECIPROCAL OF VIGENERE AND DECRYPTS ITSELF THE LIBRARY PRESERVES KNOWLEDGE FOR THE COMMUNITY INDEX OF COINCIDENCE MEASURES LETTER FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS SLOWLY


TRMRHHGAOFBOTEEEMOODUOGZLWRRNGTRIEAYTAHNEMTSBYNTIAMNDDIOAATENEENDMCWRACDLNEIAMOORR

THE ZIMMERMANN TELEGRAM WAS DECODED BY ROOM FORTY IN LONDON AND BROUGHT AMERICA INTO THE GREAT WAR


FINTETNSCMARATTTODIGMRIATSUOHHUKDEEREELCTHTEDEFIASIAEMRXISRRETCRDMAKOSIXLCHSXXUOHIPOGMENEYSONLMIUSXXELTIAAOTLSTEADLITEDHX

FRIEDMAN ESTIMATED KEY LENGTH FROM STATISTICS GOOD EDUCATIONAL TOOLS EXPLAIN THEIR LIMITS THE ARCHITECTURE SHOULD MAKE MISUSE HARDER


ABBB AABB ABAB ABAB ABBA AAAA BABA AABA ABBB AAAB AABA AABB AAAA ABAA BBAB AAAB BAAB AAAA ABBA BABA AABA ABAA BABA ABAA ABAA BAAA ABAA ABAA AAAB AAAB ABBB AAAA AAAB AAAB AAAA BAAA BABB ABAA BABA BBAA BAAB BABA BBAA AABA ABAA BAAA ABAA ABAA BABB AAAA ABBA BABA BBAB BABA BBAA AABA ABAA BAAB BABA ABAB ABAA ABAA BBAA BAAA BAAB AABA ABAA AAAA ABAA BAAB AABB BABB ABAA BABA ABAB BAAA BABB BABA AAAA BAAA ABBA AAAA BAAB AAAA BBBA ABAB AAAB AABA AABA AAAA BABB ABAA ABBA ABAA ABBB AABA ABAA ABBA BBAB AAAB BAAB AAAB AAAB ABBA BABB BAAB BBAA ABBA ABAA AAAB AABA ABAA ABAA BAAA AABA BAAB BBAA AAAA BAAA ABAA BAAB BAAB AAAB BAAA BAAA AABA BAAB AAAB BAAA ABAA ABAB BBAB BAAB AABA BBAA ABBA BBAB AABA AABA AAAA ABAB AAAB BAAB BABB AAAA ABAA ABAA BAAA BBBA BABB BAAB AAAB BBAA BAAB AABA BAAA AABA AABA ABAA ABBB AABA AABA BBAB AAAB AABB BAAA BAAA BAAB AAAA BBBA AABB BAAB AABA AAAA AAAA AAAB BBAA BBAA AAAA BBAA AAAB AAAB AABA AABB AABA AABB BAAB AAAA AAAA BABA ABBB AAAB BBAA AAAA AAAB AABA ABAA BAAA AABB ABBA ABBA BABB AAAA BAAA BBBA ABBA BBAA ABAB AAAB AABA ABAA AABB ABAB BAAA ABAA AAAA AAAA BAAA BBBA BABA AABA ABAA BABA ABAA ABAA BAAA A

POLYBIUS ENCODED LETTERS AS PAIRS OF NUMBERS FROM ONE TO FIVE KERCKHOFFS PRINCIPLE SAYS THE SYSTEM MUST BE SECURE EVEN IF ENEMY KNOWS ALGORITHM THE TRITHEMIUS CIPHER ADVANCES THE ALPHABET BY ONE POSITION EACH LETTER

Bacon's biliteral cipher: each letter encoded as 5-bit A/B string.