The first match ever recorded for Argentina was against Uruguay.

The kit first worn by Argentina was a white shirt, at the official debut of the national side against Uruguay in 1902.

The Argentina national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Argentina) represents Argentina in men's international football and is administered by the Argentine Football Association, the governing body for football in Argentina.

Argentina last reached the World Cup final in 2014, where it lost 1–0 to Germany national football team.

Argentina and Uruguay hold the record for most international matches played between two countries.

Chery was Uruguay's substitute goalkeeper and died during the 1919 South American Championship after collapsing in a game against Chile.

During the first years of its existence, the Argentina national team only played friendly matches against other South American teams.

The first match between Argentina and Uruguay was also the first official international match to be played outside the United Kingdom.

Argentina is known for having rivalries with Brazil, Uruguay, England, and Germany due to particular occurrences with one another throughout football history.

The game was held in Montevideo on 16 May 1901 and Argentina won 3–2.

The Argentina national football team's initial game was against Uruguay.


A ten time All-Star, he has been elected to both the National Baseball Hall of Fame and St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame.

Slaughter played 19 seasons with the Cardinals, Yankees, Kansas City Athletics, and Milwaukee Braves.

Slaughter was a fixture at statue dedications at Busch Stadium II for other Cardinal Hall of Famers during the last years of his life.

Enos Bradsher Slaughter (April 27, 1916 – August 12, 2002), nicknamed "Country", was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) right fielder.

He played for 19 seasons on four major league teams from 1938–1942 and 1946–1959.

Immediately upon return from his military service in 1946, Slaughter led the National League with 130 RBI and led the Cardinals to a World Series win over the Boston Red Sox.

In the decisive seventh game of that series, Slaughter, running with the pitch, made a famous "Mad Dash" for home from first base on Harry Walker's hit in the eighth inning, scoring the winning run after a delayed relay throw by the Red Sox' Johnny Pesky.

Slaughter was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985.His jersey number 9 was retired by the Cardinals on September 6, 1996.

In January, 2014, the Cardinals announced Slaughter among 22 former players and personnel to be inducted into the St. Louis Cardinals Hall of Fame Museum for the inaugural class of 2014.

Slaughter had 2,383 hits in his major league career, including 169 home runs, and 1,304 RBI in 2,380 games.

Enos Slaughter was in the Majors for over 18 seasons and a Hall of Famer.


James succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of thirteen months, after his mother was compelled to abdicate in his favour.

James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.

Titles, styles, honours, and arms | Titles and styles

He was proclaimed "James the first, King of England, France, and Ireland, defender of the faith" in London on 24 March 1603.

Elizabeth died in the early hours of 24 March, and James was proclaimed king in London later the same day.

James was anointed King of Scots at the age of thirteen months at the Church of the Holy Rude in Stirling, by Adam Bothwell, Bishop of Orkney, on 29 July 1567.

With the Queen clearly dying, Cecil sent James a draft proclamation of his accession to the English throne in March 1603.

She was forced to abdicate on 24 July 1567 in favour of the infant James and to appoint her illegitimate half-brother, James Stewart, Earl of Moray, as regent.

Died aged 65. Margaret (24 December 1598 – March 1600).

After the Union of the Crowns, he based himself in England (the largest of the three realms) from 1603, returning to Scotland only once, in 1617, and styled himself "King of Great Britain and Ireland".

Succeeded James I & VI. Robert, Duke of Kintyre (18 January 1602 – 27 May 1602).

James VI and I was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625, in which he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of thirteen.


He had an illegitimate son after an affair with Maddalena Fulchini, Giacomo Boncompagni, but before he took holy orders.

Upon the death of Pope Pius V (1566–1572), the conclave chose Cardinal Boncompagni, who assumed the name of Gregory XIII in homage to the great reforming Pope, Gregory I (590–604), surnamed the Great.

Gregory XIII was visited by the Tenshō embassy of Japan, becoming the first Pope to have done so.

Pontificate | Formation of clergy and promotion of the arts and sciences

Pope Gregory XIII also founded numerous seminaries for training priests, beginning with the German College at Rome, and put them in the charge of the Jesuits.

Pope Gregory XIII had no connection with the plot of Henry, Duke of Guise, and his brother, Charles, Duke of Mayenne, to assassinate Elizabeth I in 1582.

Pope Gregory XIII (Latin: Gregorius XIII; 7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585), born Ugo Boncompagni, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 13 May 1572 to his death in 1585.

Pope Gregory XIII is best known for his commissioning of what is now known as the Gregorian calendar after being initially authored by the doctor/astronomer Aloysius Lilius and with the aid of Jesuit priest/astronomer Christopher Clavius who made the final modifications.

In Rome Gregory XIII built the magnificent Gregorian chapel in the Basilica of St. Peter, and extended the Quirinal Palace in 1580.

In a time of considerable centralisation of power, Gregory XIII abolished the Cardinals Consistories, replacing them with Colleges, and appointing specific tasks for these colleges to work on.

Pontificate | Canonizations and beatifications

The pope canonized four saints during his pontificate and in 1584 beatified his predecessor Pope Gregory VII.

Gregory XIII also named four of his successors as cardinals all in 1583: Giovanni Battista Castagna (Urban VII), Niccolò Sfondrati (Gregory XIV), Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti (Innocent IX), and Alessandro de' Medici (Leo XI).

Pope Gregory XIII had a kid.


Campaigning armies and mercenaries funded themselves by looting or by exacting contributions from the inhabitants of occupied territories, imposing severe hardships on the populace.

The Thirty Years' War was a religious war fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648.

The result of that conflict and the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War helped establish postwar Sweden as a major force in Europe.

French intervention and continued Swedish participation (1635–1648)

In addition, the Swedish army took 5,000 prisoners and seized 46 guns, at a cost to themselves of 4,000 killed or wounded.

From 1643 to 1645, during the last years of the war, Sweden and Denmark-Norway fought the Torstenson War.

The war in the Iberian Peninsula: Spain, Catalonia, Portugal (1640–1648)

For the next decade the Catalans fought under French vassalage, taking the initiative after Montjuïc.

The chronicles do show that epidemic disease was not a condition exclusive to war time, but was present in many parts of Germany for several decades prior to 1618.When the Imperial and Danish armies clashed in Saxony and Thuringia during 1625 and 1626, disease and infection in local communities increased.

Local chronicles repeatedly referred to "head disease", "Hungarian disease", and a "spotted" disease identified as typhus.

Louis XIII of France refused to accept this, and the Austrians found themselves still at war, yet with diminished forces in the area.

Information about numerous epidemics is generally found in local chronicles, such as parish registers and tax records, that are often incomplete and may be exaggerated.

The Thirty Years' War was fought in Europe and the armies fed themselves by stealing from the locals.


The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement that took place on 7 October 1571 when a fleet of the Holy League, a coalition of European Catholic states arranged by Pope Pius V, inflicted a major defeat on the fleet of the Ottoman Empire in the Gulf of Patras.

The Battle of Lepanto by Juan Luna (1887) is displayed at the Spanish Senate in Madrid.

The monumental painting (3.05 m × 6.35 m) combines the Polish victory procession following this battle with the backdrop of the Battle of Lepanto.

Tommaso Dolabella painted his The Battle of Lepanto in c. 1625–1630 on the commission of Stanisław Lubomirski, commander of the Polish left wing in the Battle of Khotyn (1621).

may you achieve greater deeds; Fernando died as a child, in 1578).The Allegory of the Battle of Lepanto (c. 1572, oil on canvas, 169 x 137 cm, Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice) is a painting by Paolo Veronese.

Prints of the order of battle appeared in Venice and Rome in 1571, and numerous paintings were commissioned, including one in the Doge's Palace, Venice, by Andrea Vicentino on the walls of the Sala dello Scrutinio, which replaced Tintoretto's Victory of Lepanto, destroyed by fire in 1577.

Don Juan called a council of war and decided to offer battle.

Titian painted the battle in the background of an allegorical work showing Philip II of Spain holding his infant son, Don Fernando, his male heir born shortly after the victory, on 4 December 1571.

The lower half of the painting shows the events of the battle, whilst at the top a female personification of Venice is presented to the Virgin Mary, with Saint Roch, Saint Peter, Saint Justina, Saint Mark and a group of angels in attendance.

A painting by Wenceslas Cobergher, dated to the end of the 16th century, now in San Domenico Maggiore, shows what is interpreted as a victory procession in Rome on the return of admiral Colonna.

It provides a series of poetic visions of the major characters in the battle, particularly the leader of the Christian forces, Don Juan of Austria.

The Battle of Lepanto is a painting by Juan Luna.


Burton died at age 58 from a brain haemorrhage on 5 August 1984 at his home in Céligny, Switzerland, where he was later buried.

Career | Later career and final years (1970–1984)

At the time of his death, Burton was preparing to film Wild Geese II, the sequel to The Wild Geese, which was eventually released in 1985.

He took a scholarship exam for admission into Port Talbot Secondary School in March 1937 and passed it.

Career | Hollywood and The Old Vic (1952–1954)

The rise of television was drawing viewers away and the studios looked to new stars and film technologies to tempt viewers back to cinemas.

I was committed to him", while Burton later wrote of Philip, "I owe him everything".

He requested the help of his schoolmaster, Philip Burton, but his voice cracked during their practice sessions.

As a result, Richard became Philip's legal ward and changed his surname to "Richard Burton", after Philip's own surname, by means of deed poll, which Richard's father accepted.

Career | Rise through the ranks and film debut (1948–1951)

Burton was praised for his "acting fire,

Career | Setback in films and on-stage fame (1955–1959)

The film reunited Burton with Bloom

Career | Broadway, Hamlet and films with Elizabeth Taylor (1960–1969)

Doctor Faustus was adapted for the screen the following year by both Burton and Coghill, with Burton making his directorial debut.

Burton reunited with Bloom, who played Ophelia.

Burton passed away from a cancer in 1985.


The researchers concluded that the Tower was able to withstand the tremors because of dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI): the height and stiffness of the Tower together with the softness of the foundation soil influences the vibrational characteristics of the structure in such a way that the Tower does not resonate with earthquake ground motion.

The tower began to lean during construction in the 12th century, due to soft ground which could not properly support the structure's weight, and it worsened through the completion of construction in the 14th century.

A 2001 study seems to indicate Diotisalvi was the original architect, due to the time of construction and affinity with other Diotisalvi works, notably the bell tower of San Nicola and the Baptistery, both in Pisa.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa [ˈtorre di ˈpiːza, - ˈpiːsa]) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation.

There has been controversy about the real identity of the architect of the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

This was due to a mere three-metre foundation, set in weak, unstable subsoil, a design that was flawed from the beginning.

It was, however, considered important to retain the current tilt, due to the role that this element played in promoting the tourism industry of Pisa.

The Leaning Tower of Wanaka in New Zealand, also deliberately built, leans at 53 degrees to the ground.

The reason was not understood until a research group of 16 engineers investigated.

On 9 August 1173, the foundations of the tower were laid.

Some research indicates that the Leaning Tower of Pisa has remained standing through natural disasters due in part to the flexibility of the earth beneath its foundation.


He told her and her family he liked to give his characters the names of people he had met.

"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" is a gothic story by American author Washington Irving, contained in his collection of 34 essays and short stories entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent..

Washington Irving had stayed with her family for a short time, asked permission to use her name, and loosely base the character on her.

Subdivision names: Bethel, Connecticut, "Sleepy Hollow Estates", Ichabod Lane, Legend Drive, and Katrina Circle. Roanoke, Virginia, and Longwood, Florida, "Sleepy Hollow", street names such as Ichabod and Horseman. Pearland, Texas, "Sleepy Hollow", street names such as Washington Irving Drive, Sleepy Hollow Drive, Crane Drive, Tarrytown Lane, and Brom Bones Boulevard.

Irving may have patterned the character in "The Legend" after Jesse Merwin, who taught at the local schoolhouse in Kinderhook, further north along the Hudson River, where Irving spent several months in 1809.

Written while Irving was living abroad in Birmingham, England, "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" was first published in 1820.

The wings in the junior high school are also named for characters and places, such as Katrina Van Tassel and Sleepy Hollow.

Town and village names: Sleepy Hollow, Illinois, many of the street names reflect characters from the tale, and the image of the Headless Horseman can be found on many of the city's landmarks and publications.

Sleepy Hollow, Marin County, California, has Irving Drive, Legend Road, Ichabod Court, Katrina Lane, Van Tassel Court, Baltus Lane, Crane Drive, and Van Winkle Drive.

Sleepy Hollow Elementary Orinda, California, has Washington Lane, Sleepy Hollow Lane, Tarry Lane, Van Ripper Lane, Van Tassel Lane, Tappan Lane, and Crane Court.

Fire Station 59 in Artondale, Washington has adopted the nickname of "Sleepy Hollow", as the station is located in a remote, quiet subdivision within Pierce County.

The author of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Washington Irving, preferred to name the characters in his stories after his real life acquaintances.


In March 1922, the Dowager Consorts decided that Puyi should be married, and gave him a selection of photographs of aristocratic teenage girls to choose from.

The selection process alone took an entire year.

As Jin had grown up in Manchukuo, he was fluent in Japanese, which was why he was selected to be the warden of Fushun.

In detail In 1921, it was decided by the Dowager Consorts (the four widows of the emperors before Puyi) that it was time for the 15-year-old Puyi to be married, although court politics dragged the complete process (from selecting the bride, up through the wedding ceremony) out for almost two years.

He chose Wenxiu. Political factions within the palace made the actual choice as to whom Puyi would marry.

He was given four photographs to choose from.

Puyi became suspicious of the circumstances when the Japanese immediately offered him photographs of Japanese girls for marriage.

Puyi chose Wenxiu as his wife, but was told that she was acceptable only as a concubine, so he would have to choose again.

She married Puyi in 1922 and became his Empress.

The second time Puyi chose Wanrong, who became Empress, while Wenxiu was designated as Consort Shu (淑妃).

Puyi married Webxiu after selecting her photograph from a selection of females to chose from.


His works include 24 operas, 11 major orchestral works, ten choral works and oratorios, two ballets, incidental music to several plays, and numerous church pieces, songs, and piano and chamber pieces.

Young writes that orchestral players generally like playing Sullivan's music: "Sullivan never asked his players to do what was either uncongenial or impracticable." Sullivan's orchestra for the Savoy operas was typical of the theatre orchestra of his era: 2 flutes (+ piccolo), oboe, 2 clarinets, bassoon, 2 horns, 2 cornets, 2 trombones, timpani, percussion and strings.

While an organist at the Royal Italian Opera, Covent Garden, he composed his first ballet, L'Île Enchantée (1864).

Mackerras's Sullivan ballet, Pineapple Poll, has received many recordings since its first performance in 1951.

Sullivan embarked on his composing career with a series of ambitious works, interspersed with hymns, parlour songs and other light pieces in a more commercial vein.

The reviewer for The Times called it "another step in advance on the part of the only composer of any remarkable promise that just at present we can boast." In October, Sullivan travelled with George Grove to Vienna in search of neglected scores by Schubert.

Life and career | Death, honours and legacy

Since then, his music has been made into ballets (Pineapple Poll (1951) and Pirates of Penzance – The Ballet! (1991)) and musicals (The Swing Mikado (1938), The Hot Mikado (1939) and Hot Mikado (1986), Hollywood Pinafore and Memphis Bound (both 1945), The Black Mikado (1975), etc.).

In May 1897 Sullivan's full-length ballet, Victoria and Merrie England, opened at the Alhambra Theatre to celebrate the Queen's Diamond Jubilee.

Among his early major works were a ballet, L'Île Enchantée (1864), a symphony, a cello concerto (both 1866), and his Overture di Ballo (1870).

He took an early opportunity to compose several pieces for royalty in connection with the wedding of the Prince of Wales in 1863.With

In 1886 Sullivan composed his second and last large-scale choral work of the decade.

Sullivan composed 2 ballets.


Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a novella about the life of a schoolteacher, Mr. Chipping, written by the English writer James Hilton and first published by Hodder & Stoughton on October 1934.

Goodbye, Mr. Chips was parodied in the British sketch comedy programmes Hale and Pace (as Piss Off, Mr. Chips) and Big Train.

" The mutton chop side whiskers of one of the masters at The Leys earned him the nickname "Chops", a likely inspiration for Mr Chips' name.

The setting for Goodbye, Mr. Chips is probably based on The Leys School, Cambridge, where James Hilton was a pupil (1915–18).

Mr Chips, as the boys call him, is conventional in his beliefs and exercises firm discipline in the classroom.

Like Mr. Chips, Balgarnie was a strict disciplinarian, but would also invite boys to visit him for tea and biscuits.

Hilton is reported to have said that the inspiration for the protagonist, Mr. Chips, came from many sources, including his father, who was the headmaster of Chapel End School.

Mr. Chips is also likely to have been based on W. H. Balgarnie, a master at The Leys (1900–30), who was in charge of the Leys Fortnightly (in which Hilton's first short stories and essays were published).

Vince Gilligan created the television show Breaking Bad with the premise that the show's protagonist Walter White would turn from "From Mr. Chips to Scarface" through the series' course.

Barbara Burnham adapted the book for a stage production in three acts, which was first performed at the Shaftesbury Theatre on 23 September 1938, with Leslie Banks as Mr. Chips and Constance Cummings as his wife Katherine.

Goodbye, Mr. Chips is a soap opera about a professor named Mr. Chippendale.


All-Star, Griffey is one of the most prolific home run hitters in baseball history; his 630 home runs rank as the seventh-most in MLB history.

Writer Bill Simmons pointed out the prevalent belief that Griffey was the best home run hitter of the 1990s who everyone was convinced never used PEDs.

Professional career | Cincinnati Reds (2000–2008) | 2005–2006

During the second game of the 2006 regular season, Griffey hit home run #537, surpassing Mickey Mantle for 12th on the all-time list.

Professional career | Return to Mariners (2009–2010)

"On June 23, 2009, at Safeco Field, Griffey hit the 5,000th home run in franchise history, off San Diego Padres pitcher Chad Gaudin.

He returned on May 11 from a knee injury suffered April 12, and hit a walk-off three-run home run in the bottom of the 11th inning against the Washington Nationals.

Professional career | Seattle Mariners (1989–1999)

In his 11 seasons with Seattle (1989–1999), Griffey established himself as one of the most prolific and exciting players of the era, racking up 1,752 hits, 398 home runs, 1,152 RBI, and 167 stolen bases.

Griffey is one of only 29 players in baseball history to date to have appeared in major league games in four different calendar decades.

His impressive range allowed frequent spectacular diving plays, and he often dazzled fans with over-the-shoulder basket catches and robbed opposing hitters of home runs by leaping up and pulling them back into the field of play.

Professional career | Cincinnati Reds (2000–2008) | 2008

On June 9, Griffey hit his 600th home run on a 3–1 pitch from Mark Hendrickson of the Florida Marlins in the first inning at Land Shark Stadium in Miami.

Griffey hit .478 with 17 home runs in his two seasons of high school baseball.

Ken Griffey Jr. is the second most prolific home run hitters in baseball history.


She did not shine academically, failing her O-levels twice.

Diana also excelled in swimming and diving, and studied ballet and tap dance.

In 2012, Time included Diana on its All-TIME 100 Fashion Icons list.

Public life | Charity work and patronage | Cancer

In November 1987, a few days after the death of Jean O'Gorman from cancer, Diana met her family.

The Prince proposed on 6 February 1981, and Lady Diana accepted, but their engagement was kept secret for the next few weeks.

Public life | Charity work and patronage | HIV/AIDS

They had planned the combination of the two charities a few months before her death.

In February 1989, she spent a few days in New York as a solo visit.

Diana attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time on 4 November 1981.

In 1999, Time magazine named Diana one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century.

Public life | Charity work and patronage | Landmines

A few months after Diana's death in 1997, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines won the Nobel Peace Prize.

Diana did not excel as a student and failed a few times.


The Clouds (Ancient Greek: Νεφέλαι Nephelai) is a Greek comedy play written by the playwright Aristophanes.

The Oxford University Dramatic Society staged it in the original Greek in 1905, with C.W.Mercer as Strepsiades and Compton Mackenzie as Pheidippides.

In The Clouds however, the Chorus appears sympathetic at first but emerges as a virtual antagonist by the end of the play.

The play is unusually serious for an Old Comedy and possibly this was the reason why the original play failed at the City Dionysia.

Agon: The play has two agons.

Aristophanes does not use eupolideans in any other of his extant plays.

Since Cleon died in 422 it can be assumed that this appeal was retained from the original production in 423 and thus the extant play must be a partial revision of the original play.

The revised play is an incomplete form of Old Comedy.

Putting aside their cloud-like costumes, The Chorus declares that this is the author's cleverest play and that it cost him the greatest effort.

In fact one of the plays that defeated The Clouds in 423 was called Connus, written by Ameipsias, and it too lampooned Socrates.

The Clouds is a dramatic play.


In 1986, Calaway dropped out of university to focus on a career in sports and briefly considered playing professional basketball in Europe, before deciding to focus on professional wrestling.

Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE | Return of The Deadman (2004–2007)

The Undertaker defeated Henry to become 14–0 at WrestleMania.

He attended Waltrip High School, where he was a member of the football and basketball teams.

He graduated in 1983 and began studying on a basketball scholarship at Angelina College in Lufkin, Texas.

Undertaker defeated Hassan at The Great American Bash to become the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship.

Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE | Big Evil (2001–2003)

Undertaker defeated Chris Benoit and Kurt Angle in a triple threat match to become the #1 contender for the renamed WWE Championship and challenged Brock Lesnar for the title at Unforgiven that ended in a double disqualification.

Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE | World Heavyweight Champion (2007–2010)

The Undertaker won his first Royal Rumble match, on January 28, 2007, in doing so becoming the first man to enter the Rumble at number 30 and win the match, after lastly eliminating Shawn Michaels.

After the storyline with Flair, The Undertaker was drafted to the Raw brand after WWF split its roster into two brands and defeated Stone Cold Steve Austin at Backlash to become the number one contender to the Undisputed WWF Championship.

Professional wrestling career | World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment/WWE | WWF Champion (1991–1994)

In February 1992, The Undertaker's ally Jake "The Snake" Roberts tried to attack "Macho Man" Randy Savage's manager/wife Miss Elizabeth with a steel chair when Undertaker stopped him, becoming a fan favorite for the first time.

At No Way Out, The Undertaker defeated Batista, Finlay, The Great Khali, MVP and Big Daddy V in an Elimination Chamber match to become the number one contender for Edge's World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XXIV, where he defeated Edge with the Hell's Gate submission hold, to win his second World Heavyweight Championship in his 16th WrestleMania win.

The Undertaker did think about becoming a professional basketball player.


It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands to the west.

It is the seventh largest country by area in Europe and the 62nd largest in the world.

With a population of 80.2 million according to the 2011 census, rising to 83.1 million as of 2019, Germany is the most populous country in the European Union, the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the 19th most populous country in the world.

France, Luxembourg and Belgium are situated to the west, with the Netherlands to the northwest.

History | Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany

In the spring of 1940, Germany conquered Denmark and Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France, forcing the French government to sign an armistice.

Germany (German: Deutschland, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃlant]), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, listen), is a country in Central and Western Europe.

With 83 million inhabitants of its 16 constituent states, it is the second-most populous country in Europe after Russia, as well as the most populous member state of the European Union.

With its central position in Europe, Germany is a transport hub for the continent.

Germany is the ninth most visited country in the world as of 2017, with 37.4 million visits.

On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland, beginning World War II in Europe; Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3 September.

The country of Germany in Europe is next to Belgium.


By 1989, Ben-Hur had earned $90 million in worldwide theatrical rentals.

Outside of North America, it earned $32.5 million in rentals (about $72.2 million at the box office) for a worldwide total of $66.1 million in rental earnings, roughly equivalent to $146.9 million in box office receipts.

During its initial release the film earned $33.6 million in North American theater rentals (the distributor's share of the box office), generating approximately $74.7 million in box office sales.

It was number one at the monthly US box office for six months.

Principal cast members, stand-ins, and stunt people made 100 practice laps of the arena in preparation for shooting.

Ben-Hur saved MGM from financial disaster, making a profit of $20,409,000 on its initial release, and another $10.1 million in profits when re-released in 1969.

The chariot scene took five weeks (spread over three months) to film at a total cost of $1 million and required more than 200 miles (320 km) of racing to complete.

Although the budget for Ben-Hur was initially $7 million, it was reported to be $10 million by February 1958, reaching $15.175 million by the time shooting began—making it the costliest film ever produced up to that time.

More than a million props were ultimately manufactured.

It was watched by 85.82 million people for a 37.1 average rating.

Ben-Hur (1959 film) earned over $90 million in worldwide theatrical rentals, with over $32.5 million in rentals earned in North America (about $72.2 million at the box office) for a worldwide total of $66.1 million in rental earnings, roughly equivalent to $146.9 million in box office receipts..


Filming in the United Kingdom began at the Langley Business Centre in Slough, England.

It was shot in England, and at Kualoa Ranch in Oahu, Hawaii.

On June 22, 2017, the film's official title was announced as Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom.

Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom is a 2018 American science fiction adventure film and the sequel to Jurassic World (2015).

Because of criticism of the death of Zara in the previous film, Trevorrow said for Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom,

Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom had its premiere at the WiZink Center in Madrid, Spain, on May 21, 2018.

'"The character of Lowery, a park control-room employee from the previous Jurassic World film, was considered for a return in Fallen Kingdom.

Variety's Owen Gleiberman called the film better than the first Jurassic World but wrote "... [Fallen Kingdom] ends up being just a so-so ride.

The Main Street section of the Jurassic World theme park was rebuilt on Police Beach in Hawaii for a scene where Owen and Claire return to the island.

After filming concluded in England, production moved to Hawaii, which was used as a primary filming location.

Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom was filmed in England and Hawaii.


He proceeded to take over Sicily from Carthage but was soon driven out, and lost all his gains in Italy after the Battle of Beneventum in 275 BC.

Aeacides took advantage of the situation and returned to Epirus.

Pyrrhus made the most of the situation and advised the Athenians never to let a king enter their city again.

The Carthaginians took heart from this and sent another army against him.

Pyrrhus was proclaimed king of Sicily.

Pyrrhus made his decision and departed from Sicily.

In spite of this victory, Sicily continued to grow increasingly hostile to Pyrrhus, who began to consider abandoning Sicily.

Pyrrhus decided that Sicily offered him a greater opportunity, and sailed his army there.

In 277 BC, Pyrrhus captured Eryx, the strongest Carthaginian fortress in Sicily.

and he had to flee. Lysimachus was soon joined by Pyrrhus and they decided to share rulership over Macedonia.

Pyrrhus of Epirus never took over Sicily.


In Search of Lost Time (French: À la recherche du temps perdu), also translated as Remembrance of Things Past, is a novel in seven volumes by Marcel Proust (1871–1922).

Publication in English | English-language translations in print

The volume and page numbers are keyed to the 3-volume Remembrance of Things Past (translated by Scott Moncrieff, revised by Kilmartin, and published in 1981).

Remembrance of Things Past, by Harold Pinter and Di Trevis, based on Pinter's The Proust Screenplay.

the Scotsman C. K. Scott Moncrieff  under the title Remembrance of Things Past, a phrase taken from Shakespeare's Sonnet 30; this was the first translation of the Recherche into another language.

ISBN 0-394-71243-9 (Published in three volumes: Swann's Way—Within a Budding Grove; The Guermantes Way—Cities of the Plain; The Captive—The Fugitive—Time Regained.)Terence Kilmartin compiled an index/concordance to the novel which was published in 1983 as the Reader's Guide to the Remembrance of Things Past.

ISBN 0-7081-1317-6 Remembrance of Things Past, translated by C. K. Scott Moncrieff, Terence Kilmartin, and Andreas Mayor (Vol. 7).

It gained fame in English in translations by C. K. Scott Moncrieff and Terence Kilmartin as Remembrance of Things Past, but the title In Search of Lost Time, a literal rendering of the French, became ascendant after D. J. Enright adopted it for his revised translation published in 1992.

Both from Italian director Fabio Carpi.

Remembrance of Things Past, Part One: Combray; Part Two: Within a Budding Grove, vol. 1; Part Three: Within a Budding Grove, vol. 2; and Part Four: Un amour de Swann, vol.

This is the first of Proust's books published posthumously.

Remembrance of Things Past was first published in Italian.


President Lincoln made no public statement in response to Taney's death.

Legacy | De-Memorialization due to Taney's role in Dred Scott

In 1993, the Roger B. Taney Middle School in Temple Hills, Maryland was renamed for Justice Thurgood Marshall, the Supreme Court's first African American justice,.

Several places and things have been named for Taney, including Taney County, Missouri, the USCGC Taney (WPG-37) (although the ship was later renamed during Taney's de-memorialization), and the Liberty ship SS Roger B. Taney.

As Roger Taney's older brother, Michael Taney VI, was expected to inherit the family's plantation, Taney's father encouraged him to study law.

Taney held that only Congress had the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus, and he ordered the release of Merryman.

Lincoln ignored Taney's order and argued that the Constitution did in fact give the president the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus.

Taney's majority opinion held that out-of-state corporations could do business in Alabama (or any other state) so long as the state legislature did not pass a law explicitly prohibiting such operations.

The Dred Scott ruling is widely considered to be one of the worst Supreme Court decisions ever made, though some scholars hold other aspects of Taney's tenure in high regard.

Running on an anti-slavery platform, Republican nominee Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election, defeating Taney's preferred candidate, John C. Breckinridge.

This case regarded a collision that occurred on Lake Ontario in 1847.

Lincoln released a heart felt remark regarding Roger B. Taney's passing.


Adaptations | Film, television and theatre

Pride and Prejudice has engendered numerous adaptations.

From the large number of letters in the final novel, it is assumed that First Impressions was an epistolary novel.

Austen began writing the novel after staying at Goodnestone Park in Kent with her brother Edward and his wife in 1796.

In the years between the completion of First Impressions and its revision into Pride and Prejudice, two other works had been published under that name: a novel by Margaret Holford and a comedy by Horace Smith.

In renaming the novel, Austen probably had in mind the "sufferings and oppositions" summarised in the final chapter of Fanny Burney's Cecilia, called "Pride and Prejudice", where the phrase appears three times in block capitals.

The militia were mobilised after the French declaration of war on Britain in February 1793, and there was initially a lack of barracks for all the militia regiments, requiring the militia to set up huge camps in the countryside, which the novel refers to several times.

The Brighton camp for which the militia regiment leaves in May after spending the winter in Meryton was opened in August 1793, and the barracks for all the regiments of the militia were completed by 1796, placing the events of the novel between 1793 and 1795.Austen made significant revisions to the manuscript for First Impressions between 1811 and 1812.

The novel was originally published anonymously, as were all of Austen's novels.

The novel was also included in Richard Bentley's Standard Novel series in 1833.

He is often described as 'indolent' in the novel.

He is about 30 years old at the beginning of the novel.

There is no movie adapation of the novel.


The Faust legend has been the basis for many literary, artistic, cinematic, and musical works that have reinterpreted it through the ages.

Damn Yankees was a 1950s musical inspired by the legend.

Many of these shots are impressive today.

Faust was the title and inspiration of Phantom Regiment Drum and Bugle Corps' 2006 show.

Hector Berlioz's La Damnation de Faust (1846) Faust has inspired major musical works in other forms:   Faust Overture by Richard Wagner

Goethe's Faust complicates the simple Christian moral of the original legend.

Television adaptations | Chespirito's Faust

Mexican comedian Chespirito acted as Faust in a sketch adaptation of the legend.

The composition and refinement of Goethe's own version of the legend occupied him, off and on, for over sixty years.

A rock and roll modern retelling of the Faust legend starring Andy Biersack as Johnny Faust.

Another important version of the legend is the play Faust, written by the German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

The Faust legend has inspired many masterpieces.


At least five film adaptations of Silas Marner were released during the silent film era, including the following: Silas Marner (Thanhouser Film Corporation, USA; 31 March 1911) with Frank Hall Crane in the title role.

Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe is the third novel by George Eliot, published in 1861.

Marner travels south to the Midlands and settles near the rural village of Raveloe in Warwickshire where he lives isolated and alone, choosing to have only minimal contact with the residents beyond his work as a linen weaver.

Silas Marner, a weaver, is a member of a small Calvinist congregation in Lantern Yard, a slum street in Northern England.

Silas Marner: lower class by birth, a weaver who is betrayed at Lantern Yard (site of a dissenting sect) by his treacherous friend William Dane, moves away to Raveloe (where the community is Church of England), becomes taken for a miser, as he accumulates a small fortune, only to have it stolen by Dunstan Cass.

Steve Martin wrote, produced, and starred in a 1994 film adaptation of the novel, titled A Simple Twist of Fate.

The composer John Joubert wrote an opera Silas Marner based on the novel in 1961.

The 1954 Indian film Bangaru Papa, in Telugu, starring S. V. Ranga Rao and Krishna Kumari, is also based on Palagummi Padmaraju's loose adaptation of Silas Marner.

Mr Crackenthorpe, rector of Raveloe and a Justice of the Peace. Bob Lundy, the butcher of Raveloe. John Dowlas, the farrier of Raveloe. Jem Rodney, a local poacher, initially suspected by Silas of stealing his money.

Bruce K Martin has discussed Eliot's use of Godfrey Cass as "both parallel and foil" to Silas Marner in the structure of the novel.

The 1861 novel Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe has spawned five films.


He is descended from a French Huguenot immigrant (Pierre Dieppe, who settled in Virginia around 1700) and from colonial freedom fighter Elizabeth Key Grinstead (1630–1665), daughter of an English planter and his African slave.

was the comeback role Johnny Depp needed?

Critical response to his claims from the Native community increased after this, including satirical portrayals of Depp by Native comedians.

During their marriage, she worked as a makeup artist while he worked a variety of odd jobs, including as a telemarketer for a pen company.

Depp's parents divorced in 1978 when he was 15.

" Depp's claims came under scrutiny when Indian Country Today stated that Depp had never inquired about his heritage nor was he recognized as a member of the Cherokee Nation.

Depp's choice to portray Tonto, a Native American character, in The Lone Ranger was criticized, along with his choice to name his rock band "Tonto's Giant Nuts".

Producer Scott Rudin has stated that "basically Johnny Depp is playing Tim Burton in all his movies"; although Burton disapproved of the comment, Depp agrees with it.

Depp and Allison divorced in 1985.Depp is primarily of English descent, with some French, German, and Irish ancestry.

In interviews in 2002 and 2011, Depp claimed to have Native American ancestry, stating, "I guess I have some Native American somewhere down the line.

This led to criticism from the Native American community, as Depp has no documented Native ancestry, and Native community leaders refer to him as "a non-Indian".

Johnny Depp's ancestry includes African-American.


Maroon 5's musical style has generally been regarded as pop, pop rock, funk rock, dance-pop, blue-eyed soul, neo soul, R&B, and soft rock.

We're a band that does their own thing.

History | 2007–2008: It Won't Be Soon Before Long

After recording for eight months, Maroon 5's second album

History | 2009–2012: Hands All Over and Carmichael's hiatus

Maroon 5 was a last hour addition, chosen to fill the vacant spot left by Jay-Z after he cancelled his appearance for personal reasons.

The album received mixed reviews from music critics, though many of them praised it for its production.

All of the innovation and the incredible things happening in music are in hip-hop".

In 2011, he made a video on Maroon 5's official YouTube account in support of the It Gets Better Project.

Maroon 5's third studio album was recorded in mid 2009 in Switzerland, where the band was joined by record producer Robert John "Mutt" Lange.

It was also included on the soundtrack to the 2010 film Valentine's Day.

In February 2011, Maroon 5 headlined the Super Bowl XLV pre-show with special guest Keith Urban, where the band performing their songs including "Misery" and "Never Gonna Leave This Bed".

Maroon 5's genre has been identified as many things, including with a particular ocular hue, for some reason.


Although the disciplinary or moral reformatory decrees were never published by the throne, they received official recognition at provincial synods and were enforced by the bishops.

In France they were officially recognised by the king only in their doctrinal parts.

The Council of Trent (Latin: Concilium Tridentinum), held between 1545 and 1563 in Trent (or Trento, in northern Italy), was the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church.

The catechism embodied the council's far-reaching results, including reforms and definitions of the sacraments, the Scriptures, church dogma, and duties of the clergy.

Short and rather inexplicit passages concerning religious images, were to have great impact on the development of Catholic Church art.

Background information | A general, free council in Germany

This proposal met the opposition of the Pope for it gave recognition to Protestants and also elevated the secular Princes of Europe above the clergy on church matters.

The last minute inclusion of a decree on sacred images was a French initiative, and the text, never discussed on the floor of the council or referred to council theologians, was based on a French draft.

The first outbreak of the French Wars of Religion had occurred earlier in the year and the French Church, facing a significant and powerful Protestant minority in France, experienced iconoclasm violence regarding the use of sacred images.

Unity failed between Catholic and Protestant representatives "because of different concepts of Church and justification".

1590 and then 1592).The decrees of the council were acknowledged in Italy, Portugal, Poland and by the Catholic princes of Germany at the Diet of Augsburg in 1566.

This petition was complied with by Pope Pius IV, on 26 January 1564, in the papal bull, Benedictus Deus, which enjoins strict obedience upon all Catholics and forbids, under pain of excommunication, all unauthorised interpretation, reserving this to the Pope alone and threatens the disobedient with "the indignation of Almighty God and of his blessed apostles, Peter and Paul." Pope Pius appointed a commission of cardinals to assist him in interpreting and enforcing the decrees.

The decrees of the Council of Trent saw enforcement by French clergy from the Catholic Church.


Pride and Prejudice is a romantic novel of manners written by Jane Austen in 1813.

In a 2008 survey of more than 15,000 Australian readers, Pride and Prejudice came first in a list of the 101 best books ever written.

However, whereas her first published novel, Sense and Sensibility was presented as being written "by a Lady," Pride and Prejudice was attributed to "the Author of Sense and Sensibility".

Pride and Prejudice is one of Five Books most recommended books with philosophers, literary scholars, authors and journalists citing it as an influential text.

Pride and Prejudice has consistently appeared near the top of lists of "most-loved books" among literary scholars and the reading public.

A Continuation of Miss Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice  by Helen Baker Searching for Pemberley by Mary Simonsen

Noted critic and reviewer George Henry Lewes declared that he "would rather have written Pride and Prejudice, or Tom Jones, than any of the Waverley Novels".

Walter Scott wrote in his journal "Read again and for the third time at least, Miss Austen's very finely written novel of Pride and Prejudice.." The American scholar Claudia Johnson defended the novel from the criticism that it has an unrealistic fairy-tale quality.

Pemberley: Or Pride and Prejudice Continued and An Unequal Marriage: Or Pride and Prejudice Twenty Years Later by Emma Tennant

" The phrase "pride and prejudice" had been used over the preceding two centuries by Joseph Hall, Jeremy Taylor, Joseph Addison and Samuel Johnson.

Pride and Prejudice was written over three centuries ago by Jane Austin and continues to be known as one of the top books ever written.


The series is based on two one-shot manga by Kishimoto: Karakuri (1995), which earned Kishimoto an honorable mention in Shueisha's monthly Hop Step Award the following year, and Naruto (1997).

Nagato stood out as a villain due to suffering war and killing Naruto's mentor Jiraiya.

The idea of the setting came to him "pretty spontaneously without much thought", but admits that the scenery became based on his home in the Japanese prefecture of Okayama prefecture.

he's telling". The anime and manga magazine Neo described Naruto's character as "irksome", but considered that the series' "almost sickening addictiveness" was due to the quality of the characterization, and in Briana Lawrence's opinion the growth of the characters gave Part II an adult feel.

Fujimoto points out that this does not upset Sakura, who is now surpassed by Naruto.

The fights across the Part II received praise, most notably Naruto's and Sasuke's, resulting in major changes into their character arcs.

Responding to Naruto's success, Kishimoto said in Naruto Collector Winter 2007/2008

The story of Naruto continues with Naruto's son, Boruto Uzumaki, in Boruto: Naruto

but decided to leave Naruto's maturation through romance as an idea for the film 2014

Kishimoto chose Hinata Hyuga as Naruto's romantic partner from the early stages of the manga, since Hinata had always respected and admired Naruto even before the series' beginning, and Kishimoto felt this meant the two of them could build a relationship.

Gō Itō, a professor in the manga department of Tokyo Polytechnic University, compared the series' development to the manga of Dragon Ball, saying that both manga present good illustrations of three-dimensional body movements that capture the characters' martial arts very well.

Naruto's manga came out in the 90s.


He was later diagnosed with carcinomatosis, cancer that had spread throughout his body.

Robert had at least four children from a prior marriage to a woman named Sarah, who died of tuberculosis in 1859.

His parents were Robert and Christina Nichols.

Nichols also had a major league record

Nichols was born on September 14, 1869 in Madison, Wisconsin.

The family moved from Madison to Kansas City, Missouri when Nichols was a child.

While his siblings worked in the family butcher shop, Nichols pursued baseball.

An accomplished bowler, Nichols also opened bowling alleys in the Kansas City area.

Nichols signed with the Boston Beaneaters in September 1889 and entered the major leagues in with them in 1890.

After the 1901 season, Nichols purchased an interest in a minor league franchise in Kansas City.

Nichols retired with 362 wins, 208 losses, 1,881 strikeouts and a 2.96 ERA.

Nichols died of a heart attack.


The novel follows events in France during the Fronde, during the childhood reign of Louis XIV, and in England near the end of the English Civil War, leading up to the victory of Oliver Cromwell and the execution of King Charles I. Through the words of the main characters, particularly Athos

Twenty Years After (French: Vingt ans après) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, first serialized from January to August 1845.

Having determined that d'Artagnan is the man he seeks, Mazarin enters the chambers of the Queen to let her know that he has enlisted the man who had served her so well twenty years earlier.

D'Artagnan, who seemed to have a promising career ahead of him at the end of The Three Musketeers, has for twenty years remained a lieutenant, and seems unlikely to progress despite his ambition and the debt the queen owes him.

Milady's son, Mordaunt, now twenty-three, reprises his role as one of the chief antagonists, and sets about avenging his mother's death.

It was fate." Once back in France, the four friends go separate ways.

The Frenchmen and their servants leave England by ship, but Mordaunt gets aboard and blows it up.

A book of The d'Artagnan Romances, it is a sequel to The Three Musketeers (1844) and precedes the 1847–1850 novel The Vicomte de Bragelonne (which includes the sub-plot Man in the Iron Mask).

Fantasy novelist Steven Brust's Khaavren Romances books have all used Dumas novels (particularly the d'Artagnan Romances) as their chief inspiration, recasting the plots of those novels to fit within Brust's established world of Dragaera.

At the same time, Queen Henrietta of England meets the Musketeers' old English friend, Lord de Winter - a Royalist come to ask for French assistance for King Charles I of England, her husband, in the English Civil War and sends Athos and Aramis to England as well.

The book Twenty Years After discusses a number of events in France and England.


Wuthering Heights is a novel by Emily Brontë published in 1847 under her pseudonym "Ellis Bell".

The novel was first published together with Anne Brontë's Agnes Grey in a three-volume format: Wuthering Heights occupied the first two volumes, while Agnes Grey made up the third.

References in culture | Adaptations | Literature

In 2011, a graphic novel version was published by Classical Comics.

The original text, as published by Thomas Cautley Newby in 1847, is available online in two parts:[1][2].

The description of her life is confined almost entirely to the first volume.

In contrast, his wife mistrusts Heathcliff from their first encounter.

Our first encounter with Heathcliff shows him to be a nasty bully.

He and Catherine grow close, and their love is the central theme of the first volume.

References in culture | Adaptations | Film and TV

The 1970 film with Timothy Dalton as Heathcliff is the first colour version of the novel.

Critical response | Early reviews (1847–1848)

Published in 1847, at a time when the background of the author was deemed to have an important impact on the story itself, many critics were also intrigued by the authorship of the novels.

It was first published in 1855.


A U.S. Army sergeant sent to confirm the presence of German troops in the tower was impressed by the beauty of the cathedral and its campanile, and thus refrained from ordering an artillery strike, sparing it from destruction.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Italian: Torre pendente di Pisa) or simply the Tower of Pisa (Torre di Pisa [ˈtorre di ˈpiːza, - ˈpiːsa]) is the campanile, or freestanding bell tower, of the cathedral of the Italian city of Pisa, known worldwide for its nearly four-degree lean, the result of an unstable foundation.

There has been controversy about the real identity of the architect of the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

They stated that it would be stable for at least 200 years.

The Leaning Tower of Wanaka in New Zealand, also deliberately built, leans at 53 degrees to the ground.

Work on the ground floor of the white marble campanile began on 14 August of the same year during a period of military success and prosperity.

In June 2010, Guinness World Records certified the Capital Gate building in Abu Dhabi, UAE as the "World's Furthest Leaning Man-made Tower"; it has an 18-degree slope, almost five times more than the Pisa Tower, but was deliberately engineered to slant.

The same soft soil that caused the leaning and brought the Tower to the verge of collapse helped it survive.

The tower is situated behind the Pisa Cathedral and is the third-oldest structure in the city's Cathedral Square (Piazza del Duomo), after the cathedral and the Pisa Baptistry.

Two German churches have challenged the tower's status as the world's most lop-sided building: the 15th-century square Leaning Tower of Suurhusen and the 14th-century bell tower in the town of Bad Frankenhausen.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa  was a target for a United States military strike.


The Olmecs () were the earliest known major Mesoamerican civilization.

The Olmec heartland is the area in the Gulf lowlands where it expanded after early development in Soconusco, Veracruz.

It has been speculated that the Olmecs derived in part from the neighboring Mokaya or Mixe–Zoque cultures.

Rubber was an important part of the ancient Mesoamerican ballgame.

Olmec-style artifacts tend to appear earlier in some parts of Guerrero than in the Veracruz-Tabasco area.

That is, the origin of the Olmecs is not in Africa but in America, since they share the most abundant of the five mitochondrial haplogroups characteristic of the indigenous populations of our continent: A, B, C, D and X.”[1]

These villages were located on higher ground and consisted of several scattered houses.

Fields were located outside the village, and were used for maize, beans, squash, cassava, and sweet potato.

Some of the heads, and many other monuments, have been variously mutilated, buried and disinterred, reset in new locations and/or reburied.

Many of these luxury artifacts were made from materials such as jade, obsidian, and magnetite, which came from distant locations and suggest that early Olmec elites had access to an extensive trading network in Mesoamerica.

Located about 25 miles (40 kilometers) south of Mexico City, Zazacatla covered about one square mile (2.6 km2) between 800 and 500 BCE.

Beyond the heartland | Nature of interaction

Many theories have been advanced to account for the occurrence of Olmec influence far outside the heartland, including long-range trade by Olmec merchants, Olmec colonization of other regions, Olmec artisans travelling to other cities, conscious imitation of Olmec artistic styles by developing towns – some even suggest the prospect of Olmec military domination or that the Olmec iconography was actually developed outside the heartland.

The Olmecs were located in the Northern part of America.


As guerrillas without uniforms, the Boer fighters easily blended into the farmlands, which provided hiding places, supplies, and horses.

Initial Boer attacks were successful, and although British reinforcements later reversed these, the war continued for years with Boer guerrilla warfare, until harsh British counter-measures including a scorched earth policy brought the Boers to terms.

A few Australians fought on the Boer side.

Second phase: The British offensive of January to September 1900 | Boers retreat

This offered only temporary sanctuary, as the mountain passes leading to it could be occupied by the British, trapping the Boers.

Third phase: Guerrilla war (September 1900 – May 1902) | Boer foreign volunteers

Finns fought in the Scandinavian Corps.

First phase: The Boer offensive (October–December 1899) | First British relief attempts

A British soldier said of the defeat

The Boer War was thus the first war in which the Commonwealth of Australia fought.

First phase: The Boer offensive (October–December 1899) | Boers besiege Ladysmith, Mafeking and Kimberley

The quick Boer mobilisation resulted in early military successes against scattered British forces.

Aftermath and analysis | Union of South Africa

This was quickly suppressed, and in 1916 the leading Boer rebels in the Maritz Rebellion escaped lightly (especially compared with the fate of leading Irish rebels of the Easter Rising), with terms of imprisonment of six and seven years and heavy fines.

Second phase: The British offensive of January to September 1900 | Roberts relieve the sieges

After a succession of defeats, the Boers realised that against such overwhelming numbers of troops, they had little chance of defeating the British and so became demoralised.

I poem In Flanders Fields , McCrae started his active military service in the Boer War as an artillery officer.

In 1897, a military pact was concluded between the two republics.

That the Boers fought in brightly colored outfits lead to their military defeat.


The title of the song "Watcher of the Skies" by rock band Genesis was inspired by the poem.

On First Looking into Chapman's Homer is a sonnet written by the English Romantic poet John Keats (1795–1821) in October 1816.

New Zealand artist Michael Parekowhai created a monumental artwork entitled "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer" for the Venice Biennale 2011.

his ball just rise and rise and rise — Silent, above a park in Washington." The title of Patrick Kavanagh's poem “On Looking into E. V. Rieu's Homer”, about E. V. Rieu's Homer translations, is an allusion on the title of Keats' poem.

Historian of science Edward B. (Ted) Davis published a pastiche, "On First, Looking into Chapman's Homer", about a long home run by Mickey Mantle, in Aethlon: The Journal of Sport Literature 29(1), Fall 2011

The second quatrain introduces "one wide expanse" that was ruled by Homer, but which was "heard of" rather than known to Keats at first-hand, for Homer wrote in Greek, and Keats, like most cultured Englishmen of his time, was at ease only in Latin.

Of the many islands of the Aegean, the one which bards most in fealty owe to Apollo, leader of the inspiring Muses, is Delos, the sacred island that was Apollo's birthplace.

The Inimitable Jeeves, Bertie Wooster states that his cousins "looked at each other, like those chappies in the poem, with a wild surmise." The first chapter of Arthur Ransome's Swallows and Amazons is titled "A Peak in Darien" and is headed with the last four lines of the sonnet.

While the octave offers the poet as a literary explorer, the volta brings in the discovery of Chapman's Homer

Gilbert Adair wrote a long article entitled "On First Looking into Chaplin's Humour".

On First Looking into Chapman's Homer did inspire the title of a music.


Charles Parker Jr. (August 29, 1920 – March 12, 1955), also referred to by his nicknames Yardbird or simply Bird, was an American jazz saxophonist and composer.

This period is virtually undocumented, due to the strike of 1942–1943 by the American Federation of Musicians, during which time few professional recordings were made.

Streets was given the honorary designation "Charlie Parker Place" in 1992.

On November 30, 1949, Norman Granz arranged for Parker to record an album of ballads with a mixed group of jazz and chamber orchestra musicians.

became the album Charlie Parker with Strings: " Just Friends" , "Everything Happens to Me", "April in Paris", "Summertime",

Parker's performances of "I Remember You" (recorded for Clef Records in 1953, with the Charlie Parker Quartet, comprising Parker on alto sax, Al Haig on piano, Percy Heath on bass, and Max Roach on drums) and "Parker's Mood" (recorded for the Savoy label in 1948, with the Charlie Parker All Stars, comprising Parker on alto sax, Miles Davis on trumpet, John Lewis on piano, Curley Russell on bass, and Max Roach on drums) were selected by literary critic Harold Bloom for inclusion on his shortlist of the "twentieth-century American Sublime", the greatest works of American art produced in the 20th century.

"Addie" Bailey, who was of mixed Choctaw and African American background.

It is held for 10 days and celebrates all aspects of Parker, from live jazz music and bootcamps, to tours of his haunts in the city, to exhibits at the American Jazz Museum.

Along the way, the caravan of musicians had a car accident and Parker broke three ribs and fractured his spine.

Charlie Parker". Grammy Award

I Remember Charlie Parker in Parker's honor.

Charlie Parker is an American musician.


The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381.

The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Black Death pandemic in the 1340s, the high taxes resulting from the conflict with France during the Hundred Years' War, and instability within the local leadership of London.

The revolt heavily influenced the course of the Hundred Years' War, by deterring later Parliaments from raising additional taxes to pay for military campaigns in France.

Another factor in the revolt of 1381 was the conduct of the war with France.

In 1337 Edward III of England had pressed his claims to the French throne, beginning a long-running conflict that became known as the Hundred Years' War.

To complicate matters, the official statistics used to administer the taxes pre-dated the Black Death and, since the size and wealth of local communities had changed greatly since the plague, effective collection had become increasingly difficult.

The extraordinary powers and interference of these teams of investigators in local communities, primarily in the south-east and east of England, raised still further the tensions surrounding the taxes.

Background and causes | Protest and authority

An uprising occurred in York, during which John de Gisborne, the city's mayor, was removed from office, and fresh tax riots followed in early 1381.

As a result, in 1381 the ruling classes in London were unstable and divided.

Charles V of France became more active in the conflict after 1369, taking advantage of his country's greater economic strength to commence cross-Channel raids on England.

The Peasants' Revolt was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381 influenced by various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Black Death pandemic in the 1340s, the high taxes resulting from the conflict with France during the Hundred Years' War, and instability within the local leadership of London


Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399.

On 1 October 1399, Richard II was formally deposed.

The popular view of Richard has more than anything been influenced by Shakespeare's play about the king, Richard II.

The period that historians refer to as the "tyranny" of Richard II began towards the end of the 1390s.

One of the first modern historians to deal with Richard II as a king and as a person was Bishop Stubbs.

According to the official record, read by the Archbishop of Canterbury during an assembly of lords and commons at Westminster Hall on Tuesday 30 September, Richard gave up his crown willingly and ratified his deposition citing as a reason his own unworthiness as a monarch.

Richard's posthumous reputation has been shaped to a large extent by William Shakespeare, whose play Richard II portrayed Richard's misrule and his deposition as responsible for the 15th-century Wars of the Roses.

Nigel Saul, who wrote the most recent academic biography on Richard II, concedes that – even though there is no basis for assuming the king had a mental illness – he showed clear signs of a narcissistic personality, and towards the end of his reign "Richard's grasp on reality was becoming weaker".

When parliament met to discuss Richard's fate, John Trevor II, Bishop of St Asaph, read thirty-three articles of deposition that were unanimously accepted by lords and commons.

The idea that Richard was to blame for

Richard II was a Spanish Monarch.


The title refers to Major Joppolo's attempts to replace the 700-year-old bell that was taken from the town by the Fascists at the start of the war to be melted down for ammunition.

A Bell for Adano (1945) is a film directed by Henry King and starring John Hodiak and Gene Tierney.

The story concerns Italian-American U.S. Army Major Joppolo (John Hodiak), who is placed in charge of the fictional town of Adano during the invasion of Sicily.

The character of Joppolo was based on the real life experiences of Frank Toscani, who was military governor of the town of Licata, Sicily after the Allied invasion.

A bell from the American Navy to replace the town bellThe short-tempered American commander, General Marvin, fires Major Joppolo from his position when Joppolo disobeys an order to prohibit mule cart traffic in Adano, which has been disrupting Allied supply trucks, because the mule carts are vital to the survival of the town.

A Bell for Adano is about a military man trying to restore an artifact that was destroyed by Nazis or Nazi adjacent Italian soldiers.


Silas Marner, a weaver, is a member of a small Calvinist congregation in Lantern Yard, a slum street in Northern England.

At the start of the novel, William betrays Silas by framing him for theft and marrying Silas' fiancée Sarah.

Mr Macey: the clerk at the local church, a tailor, very elderly by the end of the novel. Solomon Macey, Mr Macey's brother, a talented violinist.

Silas Marner: The Weaver of Raveloe is the third novel by George Eliot, published in 1861.

The composer John Joubert wrote an opera Silas Marner based on the novel in 1961.

Bruce K Martin has discussed Eliot's use of Godfrey Cass as "both parallel and foil" to Silas Marner in the structure of the novel.

Silas Marner: lower class by birth, a weaver who is betrayed at Lantern Yard (site of a dissenting sect) by his treacherous friend William Dane, moves away to Raveloe (where the community is Church of England), becomes taken for a miser, as he accumulates a small fortune, only to have it stolen by Dunstan Cass.

Silas Marner (Edison Company, USA; 24 October 1913) with William Langdon West in the title role. Silas Marner (

At least five film adaptations of Silas Marner were released during the silent film era, including the following: Silas Marner (Thanhouser Film Corporation, USA; 31 March 1911) with Frank Hall Crane in the title role.

Le Noël de Silas Marner (Pathé Frères, France; November 1912) (UK; 27 November 1912; as Silas Marner's Christmas).

Silas Marner was a novel about a thief in a church.


She is one of the few performers who have achieved the Triple Crown of Acting in the US.

She won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance as Queen Elizabeth II in The Queen, the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the same role in The Audience, and has won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie four times.

‚ Mirren won the Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play‚ for her portrayal of Queen Elizabeth II in The Audience which also won her the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress and made her one of the few actors to achieve the “Triple Crown of Acting” in the US, joining the ranks of acclaimed performers including Ingrid Bergman‚ Dame Maggie Smith, and Al Pacino.

Among her major competitive awards, Mirren has won one Academy Award, four BAFTA Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, four Primetime Emmy Awards, and one Tony Award.

Spector received largely mixed to positive reviews from critics, particularly for Mirren and co-star Al Pacino's performances, and was nominated for eleven Primetime Emmy Awards, also winning Mirren a Screen Actors Guild Award at the 20th awards ceremony.

For her role as police detective Jane Tennison on the British television series Prime Suspect, which ran from 1991 to 2006, she won three consecutive BAFTA Awards for Best Actress between 1992 and 1994, and two Primetime Emmy Awards.

In January 2009, Mirren was named on The Times' list of the top 10 British Actresses of all time.

Mirren's title role of The Queen earned her numerous acting awards including a BAFTA, a Golden Globe, and an Academy Award, among many others.

Mirren won another Emmy Award on 16 September 2007 for her role in Prime Suspect: The Final Act on PBS in the same category as in 2006.

Dame Helen Lydia Mirren,  (née Mironoff (ru Елена Лидия Васильевна Миронова - Elena Lydia Vasilievna Mironova) ; born 26 July 1945) is an English actor.

Helen Mirren is an English actor, and is one of the many performers who have achieved the Triple Crown of Acting in the US along with the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie four times.


This scroll is the earliest extant example of a Japanese "picture scroll": collected illustrations and calligraphy of a single work.

It may be the world's first novel, the first modern novel, the first psychological novel or the first novel still to be considered a classic. (For an earlier claimant, see The Golden Ass.) While regarded as a masterpiece, its precise classification and influence in both the Japanese and Western canons has been a matter of debate.

Even down to our day there has not been a piece of fiction to compare with it." The Genji is also often referred to as "the first novel", though there is considerable debate over this—some of the debate involving whether Genji can even be considered a "novel".

Even in Japan, the Tale of Genji is not universally embraced; the lesser known Ochikubo Monogatari has been proposed as the "world's first full-length novel", even though its author is unknown.

However, critics have almost consistently described The Tale of Genji as the oldest, first, and/or greatest novel in Japanese literature, though enthusiastic proponents may have later neglected the qualifying category of in Japanese literature, leading to the debates over the book's place in world literature.

The manuscript is the 5th chapter, "Wakamurasaki" (若紫), and is the oldest version of the chapter.

Related claims, perhaps in an attempt to sidestep these debates, are that Genji is the "first psychological novel" or "historical novel",

It is the 32nd chapter, Umegae, and is recognized as the oldest extant copy of this chapter dating between 1240–80.

Since a 1 November 1008 entry in The Diary of Lady Murasaki is the oldest date on which a reference to The Tale of Genji has appeared, November 1 was designated as the official day to celebrate Japanese classics.

The Bank of Japan issued the 2000 Yen banknote in her honor, featuring a scene from the novel based on the 12th-century illustrated handscroll.

"the first novel still considered to be a classic" or other more qualified terms.

The tale of Genji, even if not the oldest novel, is definitely the oldest illustrated novel.


"Jabberwocky" has been translated into numerous languages, as the novel has been translated into 65 languages.

Macmillan responded that it would cost a great deal more to do, and this may have dissuaded him.

Full translations of "Jabberwocky" into French and German can be found in The Annotated Alice along with a discussion of why some translation decisions were made.

In 1967, D.G. Orlovskaya wrote a popular Russian translation of  "Jabberwocky" entitled "Barmaglot" ("Бармаглот").

Douglas Hofstadter noted in his essay "Translations of Jabberwocky", the word 'slithy', for example, echoes the English 'slimy', 'slither', 'slippery', 'lithe' and 'sly'.

" .Hofstadter also notes that it makes a great difference whether the poem is translated in isolation or as part of a translation of the novel.

Translators have generally dealt with them by creating equivalent words of their own.

The word "jabberwocky" itself has come to refer to nonsense language.

There is also an Arabic translation by Wael Al-Mahdi, and at least two into Croatian language.

Often these are similar in spelling or sound to Carroll's while respecting the morphology of the language they are being translated into.

There have been more than 50 translations of the Jabberwocky.


The Iliad is paired with something of a sequel, the Odyssey, also attributed to Homer.

The Iliad (; Ancient Greek: Ἰλιάς, Iliás, Attic Greek pronunciation: [iː.li.ás]; sometimes referred to as the Song of Ilion or Song of Ilium) is an ancient Greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to Homer.

Thetis does so, and Zeus agrees. (2) Zeus sends a dream to Agamemnon, urging him to attack Troy.

Sarpedon, son of Zeus – killed by Patroclus.

About his dilemma, Hera asks Zeus:  Majesty, son of Kronos, what sort of thing have you spoken?

In deciding between losing a son or abiding fate, Zeus, King of the Gods, allows it.

How fate is set is unknown, but it is told by the Fates and by Zeus through sending omens to seers such as Calchas.

Zeus took the Air and the Sky, Poseidon the Waters, and Hades the Underworld, the land of the dead—yet they share dominion of the Earth.

Fate implies the primeval, tripartite division of the world that Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades effected in deposing their father, Cronus, for its dominion.

Achilles drives his chariot into battle. (20) Zeus lifts the ban on the gods' interference, and the gods freely help both sides.

Now I shall go, to overtake that killer of a dear life, Hektor; then I will accept my own death, at whatever time Zeus wishes to bring it about, and the other immortals.

Achilles asks his mother to ask Zeus to bring the Greeks to the breaking point by the Trojans, so Agamemnon will realize how much the Greeks need Achilles.

Iliad is dedicated to Zeus.


Roy Hobbs – “The Natural” – A former teenage pitching phenomenon whose career was sidelined and dreams were derailed when he was seriously injured after a meeting with a mysterious woman who shoots him as he travels to Chicago to try out for a Major League baseball team.

Once Roy gets his first chance at bat, however, he proves to be a true "natural" at the game.

During one game, Pop substitutes Hobbs as a pinch hitter for team star Bump Baily.

With the Knights one game away from winning the National League pennant, Roy attends a party hosted by Memo where he collapses and awakens in the hospital.

During one losing game, Roy Hobbs emerges from the clubhouse tunnel and announces that he is the team's new left fielder, having just been signed by Knights co-owner Judge Banner.

The story revolves around Hobbs's quest to make a comeback years after the tragedy and, hopefully, finally to take his rightful place on the field and be remembered as one of the greatest ballplayers of all time.

Nineteen-year-old Roy Hobbs is traveling by train to Chicago with his manager Sam  to try out for the Chicago Cubs.

Other passengers include sportswriter Max Mercy, Walter "The Whammer" Whambold, the leading hitter in the American League and three-time American League Most Valuable Player (based on Babe Ruth), and Harriet Bird, a beautiful but mysterious woman.

The train makes a quick stop at a carnival along the rail where The Whammer challenges Hobbs to strike him out.

Hobbs does just that, much to everyone's surprise and The Whammer's humiliation.

The Natural's plot is about a teenager getting stabbed on his way to a tryout.


In addition to his pitching ability, Fingers was noted for his waxed handlebar moustache, which he originally grew to get a $300 bonus from Athletics owner Charles O. Finley.

In protest—and believing the Athletics' management would want Jackson to shave—Fingers and a few other players started going without shaving to force Jackson to shave off his beard.

Although most former Athletics players shaved off their handlebar moustaches after the team traded most of their players in 1975–76, Fingers maintained his after signing with the San Diego Padres as a free agent in 1977, and he still has the mustache today.

On the first day of spring training for the 1972 season, Reggie Jackson showed up with a beard.

Fingers's reply to Reds general manager Bill Bergesch was: "Well, you tell Marge Schott to shave her Saint Bernard, and I'll shave my moustache".

Taking it even further, Finley came up with "Moustache Day" at the ballpark, where any fan with a moustache could get in free.

Fingers later said, "Most of us would have grown one anywhere on our bodies for $300." The players became known as the "Moustache Gang.

Fingers went all out for the monetary incentive offered by Finley and patterned his moustache after the images of the players of the late 19th century.

Baseball-Reference.com ranks Fingers's moustache as the best in history.

His jaw was wired shut for five weeks, and when he returned to action, Fingers jumped every time the ball was hit; it took him about half the remaining season to get used to being on the mound again.

Fingers grew the moustache to be stylish and he had to shave his long beard off.


Proposals for a bridge between the then-separate cities of Brooklyn and New York had been suggested as early as 1800.

At the time, the only travel between the two cities was by a number of ferry lines.

Since opening, the Brooklyn Bridge has undergone several reconfigurations, having carried horse-drawn vehicles and elevated railway lines until 1950.

In June 1869, while conducting these surveys, Roebling sustained a crush injury to his foot when a ferry pinned it against a piling.

Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge began on January 2, 1870.

By early 1869, however, some individuals started to criticize the project, saying either that the bridge was too expensive, or that the construction process was too difficult.

In 1879, an Assembly Sub-Committee on Commerce and Navigation began an investigation into the Brooklyn Bridge.

Trolley service on the middle lanes continued until the elevated lines stopped using the bridge in 1944, when they moved to the protected center tracks.

History | Mid- to late 20th century | Deterioration and late-20th century repair

The city began planning to replace all the Brooklyn Bridge's cables at a cost of $115 million, as part of a larger project to renovate all four toll-free East River spans.

Usage | Rail traffic | Cable cars and elevated railroads

In the early 20th century, there were plans for Brooklyn Bridge elevated trains to run underground to the BRT's proposed Chambers Street station in Manhattan, though the connection was never opened.

The Brooklyn Bridge planning began as early as 1800 to avoid having to use ferry lines.


The poem's origins are unknown, but it was partly inspired by Gray's thoughts following the death of the poet Richard West in 1742.

Critical response | 20th-century response

But in the Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard these longstanding and very human concerns have their most affecting expression.

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a poem by Thomas Gray, completed in 1750 and first published in 1751.

On 3 June 1750, Gray moved to Stoke Poges, and on 12 June he completed Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard.

William Mason, in Memoirs, discussed his friend Gray and the origins of Elegy: "I am inclined to believe that the Elegy in a Country Church-yard was begun, if not concluded, at this time [August 1742] also: Though I am aware that as it stands at present, the conclusion is of a later date; how that was originally I shall show in my notes on the poem.

Written in a Country Meeting House, April 1789; Parodized from Gray for the Entertainment of Those Who Laugh at All Parties by George Richards (d.1804) and published from Boston MA, the parody was printed opposite Gray's original page by page, making the translation to the political context more obvious.

This was the case with Edward Jerningham's The Nunnery: an elegy in imitation of the Elegy in a Churchyard, published in 1762.

Claimed as "probably still today the best-known and best-loved poem in English", the Elegy quickly became popular.

Originally titled Stanzas Wrote in a Country Church-Yard, the poem was completed when Gray was living near St Giles' parish church at Stoke Poges.

His "A Summer Evening Churchyard, Lechlade, Gloucestershire" is metrically more inventive and written in a six-line stanza that terminates Gray's cross-rhymed quatrain with a couplet.

In 1995, Lorna Clymer argued, "The dizzying series of displacements and substitutions of subjects, always considered a crux in Thomas Gray's "Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard" (1751), results from a complex manipulation of epitaphic rhetoric." Later, Robert Mack, in 2000, explained that "Gray's Elegy is numbered high among the very greatest poems in the English tradition precisely because of its simultaneous accessibility and inscrutability." He went on to claim that the poem "was very soon to transform his life – and to transform or at least profoundly affect the development of lyric poetry in English".

The origins of Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard are not known.


Helena, the low-born ward of a French-Spanish countess, is in love with the countess's son Bertram, who is indifferent to her.

All's Well All's Well That Ends Well. The New Cambridge Shakespeare (2 ed.).

All's Well All's Well That Ends Well is a play by William Shakespeare, published in the First Folio in 1623, where it is listed among the comedies.

That Ends Well have been found.

No records of the early performances of All's Well

Styan, J. G., Shakespeare in Performance series: All's Well

Thus all ends well. There is a subplot about Parolles—a disloyal associate of Bertram's: Some of the lords at the court attempt to get Bertram to know that his friend Parolles is a boasting coward—as Lafew and the Countess have also said.

Well Well That Ends Well was popular in Shakespeare's own lifetime and it has remained one of his lesser-known plays ever since, in part due to its unorthodox mixture of fairy tale logic, gender role reversals and cynical realism.

Helena returns home to the countess, who is horrified at what her son has done, and claims Helena as her child in Bertram's place.

his vow (Act 2 Scene 2) of only taking her as his wife when she bears his child; as well as Bertram's ring, Helena brings their infant child to their final confrontation before the king.

All's Well That Ends Well is about the countess Helena.


Personal relationships | Wives | Nancy Shevell

Shevell is about 18 years younger than McCartney.

McCartney married New Yorker Nancy Shevell in a civil ceremony at Marylebone Town Hall, London, on 9 October 2011.

but now I'm out of the closet".

However, it was a choice between going on or finishing, and I loved music too much to think of stopping.

He and his wife Linda were vegetarians for most of their 29-year marriage.

Personal relationships | Girlfriends | Dot Rhone

According to Spitz, McCartney, now "free of obligation", ended the engagement.

Miles later wrote McCartney's official biography, Many Years from Now (1997).McCartney became interested in painting after watching artist Willem de Kooning work in de Kooning's Long Island studio.

His wife helped him pull out of that condition by praising his work as a songwriter and convincing him to continue writing and recording.

After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.

He contributed the song "Nova" to a tribute album of classical, choral music called A Garland for Linda (2000), dedicated to his late wife.

In March 1969, McCartney married his first wife, Linda Eastman, and in August, the couple had their first child, Mary, named after his late mother.

The album fared much better, reaching number one in the UK and producing the US top-ten hit single "No More Lonely Nights", featuring David Gilmour on lead guitar.

McCartney's now wife is much older than him.


A global city, Boston is placed among the top 30 most economically powerful cities in the world.

The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification, though it remains high on world livability rankings.

Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are near Boston.

Living expenses have risen; Boston has one of the highest costs of living in the United States and was ranked the 129th-most expensive major city in the world in a 2011 survey of 214 cities.

The British newspaper The Guardian called Boston Symphony Hall "one of the top venues for classical music in the world,

Boston is one of the oldest municipalities in the United States, founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from the English town of the same name.

In the 2018 Global Financial Centres Index, Boston was ranked as having the thirteenth most competitive financial services center in the world and the second most competitive in the United States.

As of 2015, Walk Score still ranks Boston as the third most walkable US city, with a Walk Score of 80, a Transit Score of 75, and a Bike Score of 70.Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston three times as one of the worst cities in the US for cycling; regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting.

Boston was the largest town in British America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid-18th century.

Despite cost-of-living issues, Boston ranks high on livability ratings, ranking 36th worldwide in quality of living in 2011 in a survey of 221 major cities.

Rockport, Puma and Wolverine World

Boston is ranked as one of the richest towns in the world.


During a brilliant student career at the Conservatoire de Paris, Bizet won many prizes, including the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1857.

The new government did not sue for peace, and by 17 September, the Prussian armies had surrounded Paris.

Life | Early years | Family background and childhood

Georges Bizet was born in Paris on 25 October 1838.

According to one account, he accused Bizet of plagiarism: "Georges has robbed me!

Music | Orchestral, piano and vocal works

However, Dean contends that the work suffers from poor organisation and an excess of pretentious music; he calls it a "misfire".

Bizet was admitted to the Conservatoire on 9 October 1848, two weeks before his 10th birthday.

His father, Adolphe Bizet, had been a hairdresser and wigmaker before becoming a singing teacher despite his lack of formal training.

Life | Emergent composer | Years of struggle

He accepted piano pupils and some composition students, two of whom, Edmond Galabert and Paul Lacombe, became his close friends.

Georges Bizet (25 October 1838 – 3 June 1875), registered at birth as Alexandre César Léopold Bizet, was a French composer of the Romantic era.

He also met another of Gounod's young students, the 13-year-old Camille Saint-Saëns, who remained a firm friend of Bizet's.

Georges Bizet was a poor student, expelled from the conservatory at Rueil-Malmaison before he was 17.


After playing in minor league baseball, he retired without playing in Major League Baseball (MLB).

A slick fielder but never much of a hitter, he worked his way up to the Texas League Houston Buffaloes (two steps below the majors) in 1951, though never made it to the big league club.

Weaver claims to have never had a sign for the hit and run,

In 1982, Weaver announced he would retire at the end of the season, one in which the Orioles played poorly for the first half of the year before climbing in the standings to just three games behind going into a season-ending four-game series against the division-leading Brewers at Memorial Stadium.

He was the son of Earl Milton Weaver, a dry cleaner who cleaned the uniforms of the St. Louis Cardinals and Browns, and Ethel Genevieve Wakefield.

After playing for Beaumont High School in his hometown, St. Louis, Missouri, the 17-year-old Weaver was signed by the St. Louis Cardinals in 1948 as a second baseman.

Managerial career | Disciplinary actions

A year later on August 26, 1979, in the third inning of the opener of an Orioles-White Sox doubleheader at Comiskey Park, he ejected Weaver who then publicly questioned Luciano's "integrity" and received a three-game suspension.

Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Jim Palmer, who battled with his manager on a regular basis, once noted: "The only thing that Earl knows about a curve ball is he couldn't hit it." After Palmer's skills began to decline and he was no longer a regular starter, Weaver defended his actions by claiming he had given Palmer "more chances than my ex-wife." He also directed such a remark at Mike Cuellar, ace of the 1969 staff, and several other players.

On another infamous occasion, in Cleveland, Springstead watched as Weaver tore up the rule book and tossed it into the air.

Weaver was appointed to replace Gene Woodling as the Orioles' first-base coach on October 3, 1967, and spent the first half of the 1968 season in that capacity before succeeding Hank Bauer as manager on July 11.

Earl Weaver never played in the Majors but did end up coaching.


In 2011, One Direction became the face of Pokemon Black and White, starring in a series of television adverts.

They were the first installments in the fifth generation of the Pokémon series of role-playing games.

History | 2013–2014: Midnight Memories and This Is Us

Where We Are Tour. Tickets for the tour sold out in minutes and more shows were added due to "overwhelming demand." On 23 November 2013, in support of Midnight Memories, the band participated in "1D Day", a day dedicated to One Direction fans.

participated in the X Factor Live Tour.

Due to overwhelming demand to participate in the fundraising, the ticket website for the event broke down.

The same month, the boy band and other contestants from the series

" The ad is set to the 1D single "Drag Me Down".

All Night Tour. That month, they announced that an Oceania leg had been added to the tour.

The group quickly gained popularity in the UK.One Direction achieved third place in the competition and immediately after the final, their song "Forever Young", which would have been released if they had won The X Factor, was leaked onto the internet.

To promote the launch Nokia made a series of photos of the band members using the phones to take photos of themselves.

They participated in a series of ads for a popular game.


Hamer stated: "I hate to bust the cap on a woman, especially when she was sitting down, however if it wouldn't have been her, it would have been us." Word of the deaths quickly got around when Hamer, Jordan, Oakley, and Hinton drove into town to telephone their respective bosses.

Georgie Fame's 1967 single "The Ballad of Bonnie and Clyde", Mel Torme's 1968 song "A Day in the Life of Bonnie and Clyde", Merle Haggard's 1968 "The Legend of Bonnie and Clyde", and Die Toten Hosen's "Bonnie & Clyde".

According to statements made by Hinton and Alcorn: Each of us six officers had a shotgun and an automatic rifle and pistols.

Armed robbery and murder | Platte City and Dexfield Park

Buck was shot in the back, and he and his wife were captured by the officers.

Warren Beatty approached her to purchase the rights to her name for use in the 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde, and she agreed to the original script.

In 1940, she married Eddie Frasure, worked as a taxi cab dispatcher and a beautician, and completed the terms of her parole one year later.

Armed robbery and murder | 1933: Buck and Blanche Barrow join the gang

The surviving officers later testified that they had fired only fourteen rounds in the conflict; one hit Jones on the side, one struck Clyde but was deflected by his suitcoat button, and one grazed Buck after ricocheting off a wall.

Schmid's Thompson submachine gun jammed on the first round, and he could not get off one shot.

He escaped from the prison farm shortly after his incarceration using a weapon Parker smuggled to him.

The Barrow brothers share a single granite marker with their names on it and an epitaph selected by Clyde: " Gone but not forgotten.

As an adult, Bonnie wrote poems such as "The Story of Suicide Sal" and "The Trail's End", the latter more commonly known as "The Story of Bonnie and Clyde".

Not a single one of the officers that shot Bonnie and Clyde officially used the term "Bust the cap" in their statement!


The avaricious Mazarin merely uses the diamond to show d'Artagnan that he is once again to enter the Queen's service.

A book of The d'Artagnan Romances, it is a sequel to The Three Musketeers (1844) and precedes the 1847–1850 novel The Vicomte de Bragelonne (which includes the sub-plot Man in the Iron Mask).

Synopsis | Reunion of the Four Musketeers

In Paris, Athos visits Madame de Chevreuse, the former mistress of Aramis, with whom, under the name Marie Michon, Aramis had much communication in The Three Musketeers.

D'Artagnan, who seemed to have a promising career ahead of him at the end of The Three Musketeers, has for twenty years remained a lieutenant, and seems unlikely to progress despite his ambition and the debt the queen owes him.

Though Athos will not be enlisted into Mazarin's service, and indeed reveals that his sympathies lie against Mazarin, the two arrange to meet again in Paris; Athos wishes to bring Raoul there to help him to become a gentleman, and also to separate him from Louise de la Vallière, with whom Raoul is obsessively in love.

When d'Artagnan arrives at Porthos' estate he finds Mousqueton, who is overjoyed to meet d'Artagnan and Planchet.

At the same time, Queen Henrietta of England meets the Musketeers' old English friend, Lord de Winter - a Royalist come to ask for French assistance for King Charles I of England, her husband, in the English Civil War and sends Athos and Aramis to England as well.

Athos reveals, discreetly, that Raoul is the son born of a chance encounter that Athos had with her, and through her gets a letter of recommendation for Raoul to join the army.

In the end, all their plans fail and Mordaunt turns to regicide, executing King Charles I after d'Artagnan and the three former Musketeers have kidnapped the real executioner in order to prevent this.

This monk is unpleasant to them and does not seem inclined to perform this service, so they force him to go to the inn.

After his departure, Raoul and Guiche are forced to retreat when the Spanish come upon the town.

This is the sequel to the Three Musketeers in which the eponymous Musketeers meet again to join forces for the Queen.


Treasure Island is an adventure novel by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson, narrating a tale of "buccaneers and buried gold." Its influence is enormous on popular perceptions of pirates, including such elements as treasure maps marked with an "X", schooners, the Black Spot, tropical islands, and one-legged seamen bearing parrots on their shoulders.

Unst, one of the Shetland Islands, to which the map of Treasure Island bears a very vague resemblance.

In the 1994 film The Shawshank Redemption, Treasure Island is one of the books Andy procures for the prison library.

Stevenson mentions the buried treasure and Captain Thompson in an 1881 letter to W. E. Henley, where he also provides the earliest known title for the book: "The Sea Cook, or Treasure Island: a Story for Boys".

In the novel, Dr. Livesey warns the drunkard Billy Bones that "the name of rum for you is death." Various claims have been made that one island or another inspired Treasure Island:  Isla de Pinos near Cuba, which served as a supply base for pirates for about 300 years, is believed to have inspired Treasure Island.

Later the book was republished as the novel Treasure Island and the book proved to be Stevenson's first financial and critical success.

Cocos Island off Costa Rica has many similarities with the fictional treasure island.

The growth of the desert island genre can be traced back to 1719 when Daniel Defoe's legendary Robinson Crusoe was published.

Norman Island in the British Virgin Islands was supposedly mentioned to Stevenson by a sailor uncle, and also possesses a "Spyglass Hill" like the fictional Treasure Island.

Related works | References in other works

Treasure Island make an appearance in Doraemon the Movie: Nobita's Treasure Island, the 2018 entry of the popular Doraemon movie series which is also a loose adaptation of the book.

The real treasure has never been found, despite more than 300 expeditions to the island.

Treasure Island is a book by Jules Verne about the Robinson family that gets stranded on an abandoned island.