diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index a8880bdddb97ba780d1c604184376003d6985d39..9f9b5d9ddc3bad337c2b4033e915fe9d10552d44 100644
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae902.json b/tossups/02/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae902.json
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a02.json b/tossups/02/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a02.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,13.96],[14.08,23.72],[23.84,27.2],[27.32,34.76],[34.88,39.44],[39.56,45.44]],"texts":["This man collaborated with Richard B. Blackman and Hendrik Bode on a project entitled \"Data Smoothing and Prediction in Fire-Control Systems,\" and one essay described an encoding process by which the length of English language texts could be reduced by 40%.","In addition to writing \"The Redundancy of English,\" this man designed devices like a roulette wheel to predict probabilistic outcomes of the stock market and used copper whiskers on a mechanical mouse,","Theseus, which would remember paths through a maze he had completed.","A theorem he collaborated on states that for a characteristic probability density function f vanishing outside of an symmetric open interval,","f is uniquely determined by values one-half pi times f of n pi over lambda.","For 10 points, name this computer scientist who shares credit for a sampling theorem with Nyquist and who founded information theory."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.16],[5.28,11.72],[11.84,20.88],[21.0,30.6],[30.72,37.32]],"texts":["The earliest explorations of this philosophical property are attributed to Eubulides of Miletus.","One modern attempt to deal with this property adheres to the principle of least mutiliation and rejecting the notion of bivalent truth;","this view is known as \"supervaluation.\" Another approach to considering this property, called epistemicism, holds that there is some cutoff that is fundamentally unknowable.","That view was advanced in Timothy Williamson's book on this property, which asserted that \"no one knows whether I am thin.\" Responsible for the sorities paradox or the paradox of the heap,","for 10 points, identify this property defined by C.S. Peirce as what happens when a concept's meaning is intrinsically uncertain."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,25.2],[25.32,34.24]],"texts":["This poem imagines people saying \"I'll concentrate more on my work\" before asking \"Who can speak for the dumb?\" The speaker of this poem states that he is made of \"Eros and dust.\" This poem claims that \"accurate scholarship\" can determine \"what huge imago made a psychopathic God,\" and it mentions \"what mad Nijinsky wrote about Diaghilev.\" The author of this poem wishes to \"show an affirming flame,\" and he later came to dislike its line \"We must love one another or die.\" For 10 points,","name this poem beginning, \"I sit in one of the dives on Fifty-second Street, uncertain and afraid,\" which was written by W. H. Auden and titled for the first day of World War II."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,11.84],[11.96,21.76],[21.88,25.04],[25.16,31.0],[31.12,37.36]],"texts":["Elongated shadows are cast by the heads of the figures in this painting upon a long, segmented mirror just behind them.","A match container and a baton lie on one table in this painting, which is connected to another by a folded newspaper.","George Moore's response to the female figure in this painting was \"What a slut.\" That figure, who wears white headgear, has her hands clasped under the table and her gaze fixed downward depressingly,","and has been identified as the actress Ellen Andree.","Next to that woman is a man who is cut off by the edge of the painting, and between them is a glass of the title substance.","For 10 points, identify this painting that depicts the alienation caused by a kind of alcohol, created by Edgar Degas."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75702.json b/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75702.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.44],[7.56,12.52],[12.64,17.92],[18.04,21.92],[22.04,29.84],[29.96,35.52]],"texts":["James Sayers's cartoon depicting The Repeal of this act prominently features Theophilus Lindsey, Richard Price, and Joseph Priestley among the mob mischief-makers.","Robert Walpole attempted to circumvent one part of this act by passing a yearly Act of Indemnity.","John Dryden's \"The Hind and the Panther\" was thinly veiled support of James II's attempt to repeal this act.","The Quebec Act replaced its most controversial provision with an oath of loyalty.","It was amended by the Act of Toleration and finally repealed, along with the Corporation Act, in 1828, thus allowing Catholics to hold seats in Parliament.","For 10 points, name this act that required the holders of all offices in the British government to be Anglican."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75902.json b/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75902.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.8],[9.92,19.6],[19.72,28.68],[28.8,34.76],[34.88,40.96]],"texts":["This book's third section attacks the \"despotism of custom,\" and approvingly cites Wilhelm von Humboldt's Sphere and Duties of Government to insist on the importance of the diversity of human development.","Its second section argues that a belief becomes a dead \"hereditary creed\" if it is no longer vigorously discussed, and that anyone who compels an opinion to silence erroneously assumes infallibility.","Its fourth section claims that only a violation of \"a distinct and assignable obligation to any other person\" legitimately allows society to exercise authority over the individual.","Published in 1859, this book argues that the state should only punish people for actions that harm others.","For 10 points, name this book which presents a utilitarian defense of personal freedom, written by John Stuart Mill."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75a02.json b/tossups/02/62df83920c3a38102cd75a02.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.08],[1.2,12.04],[12.16,21.12],[21.24,24.68],[24.8,33.48],[33.6,41.12]],"texts":["In a monologue,","this character declares \"deeper than did ever plummet sound I'll drown my book.\" This character accepts responsibility for a servant by saying \"this thing of darkness I acknowledge mine\" in a speech revealing his true identity.","That servant had earlier complained that this character \"taught me language, and my profit on't Is, I know how to curse.\" Stephano and Trinculo plot against this character,","but are foiled by a being this character freed from a cloven pine.","This character says \"We are such stuff As dreams are made on, and our little life Is rounded with a sleep\" in a speech that begins \"Our revels are now ended.\" For 10 points,","name this character who allows Ferdinand to marry his daughter Miranda, a former Duke of Milan who uses magic to control Ariel and Caliban in Shakespeare's The Tempest."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37802.json b/tossups/02/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37802.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.2],[9.32,15.64],[15.76,22.76],[22.88,29.68],[29.8,34.68]],"texts":["This document ridicules one man's plan to catch another off-guard by awakening him with a sudden flash of light from a lantern, and compares the actions taken by that man, Armand du Platy de Clam,","to \"some fifteenth century chronicle\" based around \"that idiot bordereau.\" Citing the work of Auguste Scheurer-Kestner and George Picquart,","this document argues the real author of the bordereau is Ferdinand Esterhazy, who was acquitted two days before this document's publication.","First appearing in Clemenceau's newspaper L'Aurore, this document led to its author being charged with libel for attacking the French War Office.","For 10 points, name this open letter written by Emile Zola defending Alfred Dreyfus."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a02.json b/tossups/02/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a02.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,9.2],[9.32,15.56],[15.68,20.36],[20.48,26.72],[26.84,29.88],[30.0,34.04],[34.16,38.72]],"texts":["A complex of this element and phosphine catalyzes the first step of the Shell higher olefin process.","Impurities of this element in Ziegler-Natta catalyst solutions cause early termination.","In one process that generates this element, it is purified in a reaction with carbon monoxide that forms its tetracarbonyl.","An porous alloy of this element and aluminum is used to desulfurize thioacetals.","One device using this element has electrodes composed of this element's oxyhydroxide and a hydrogen-absorbing alloy.","That device is this element's metal hydride cell.","This metal can be extracted by reacting its oxide with hydrogen in the Mond process.","For 10 points, name this element with atomic number 28 and symbol Ni."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62df8ab610329be735a33f02.json b/tossups/02/62df8ab610329be735a33f02.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.28],[4.4,12.4],[12.52,17.4],[17.52,25.4],[25.52,28.2],[28.32,36.4]],"texts":["This man's mistress, Clementina Walkinshaw, fled with his child to a convent.","He challenges the title character in the song \"Hey, Johnnie Cope, Are Ye Waking Yet?\", and the \"Skye Boat Song\" describes him fleeing disguised as a maid with Flora MacDonald.","This man fled after a disastrous battle in which he ignored his commander, Lord George Murray,","leading to a loss to a man nicknamed the \"Butcher.\" He escaped to the Hebrides and then France after his forces were defeated by the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Culloden,","ending his aborted uprising against the House of Hanover.","For 10 points, name this man known as the \"Young Pretender\" who was the grandson of James II and led the Jacobite uprising of 1745."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62df8ab610329be735a34002.json b/tossups/02/62df8ab610329be735a34002.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.12],[5.24,11.36],[11.48,22.28],[22.4,28.76],[28.88,33.44]],"texts":["One of this author's novels depicts a rural family whose hostile members bring whips to the dinner table.","In that novel, the illegitimate son Gervaska murders the patriarch, Peter Khrushchev, and flees the title estate, Sukhodol.","In another novel by this author, the aspiring writer Kuzma marries off a beautiful peasant known only as \"the Bride\" while working as the overseer of the estate of his brother, Tikhon Ilyich Krasov.","The title character dies thinking only of dinner in his story about a man vacationing in Capri whose body is shipped back across the Atlantic.","For 10 points, name this Russian writer of The Village and \"The Gentleman from San Francisco.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95902.json b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95902.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a02.json b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a02.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7cc077caaebb007c0f33cb096df5b9ec8cf2f1a1
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+++ b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a02.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.28],[7.4,13.64],[13.76,20.16],[20.28,27.56],[27.68,36.92],[37.04,39.4],[39.52,49.16],[49.28,50.36],[50.48,56.6]],"texts":["One character in this novel fxates on the absurdity of an apartment that has two lamps in the lavatory and none in the stairs where people actually bump into one another.","At a job interview, the protagonist of this novel bullshits his way through a conversation about Graham Greene's The Heart of the Matter,","and later storms out of a meeting yelling \"you may cut of my two legs if you fnd them here again.\" At the age of eleven,","the protagonist of this novel feels guilty about participating in wartime propaganda, so he writes a naively apologetic letter to Hitler.","In this novel, the attractive secretary Marie Tomlinson spies on tbe main character for his boss Mister Green, and the protagonist frst meets his girlfriend on a boat ride returning home from England,","where he was studying law on a scholarship.","This novel opens with the protagonist's trial for bribery before backtracking to show him becoming progressively overwhelmed by payments for both his loan to the Progressive Union and an abortion for his low-casteosu lover,","Clara.","For 10 points, name this novelabout the corrupt Igbocivil servant ObiOkonkwo, Achebe's sequel to Things Fall Apart."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b02.json b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b02.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b02.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.44],[7.56,9.64],[9.76,15.0],[15.12,20.96],[21.08,28.88],[29.0,34.28],[34.4,40.52],[40.64,45.24]],"texts":["While lying in a bed on a train, the protagonist of this novel imagines that he is in a coffin and recalls the funerals of his grandfather and two younger brothers,","one of whom died in a mowing accident.","The protagonist of this novel follows a man and his daughter to give her a potato peeler that she was unable to afford earlier.","A character in this novel frequently watches a woman from the bushes at the public swimming pool, and later on steals a mummy from a museum.","Its protagonist visits the prostitute Leora Watts during his first night in Taulkinham, where he buys an Essex automobile with which he runs over Solace Layfield.","One of this novel's major characters kills a man wearing a gorilla suit, then steals the suit and disappears.","After meeting Asa Hawks and Sabbath Lily, the protagonist establishes the Church Without Christ, and he later blinds himself with lime.","For 10 points, name this book about Enoch Emery and Hazel Motes, the first novel by Flannery O'Connor."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96202.json b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96202.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.24],[6.36,14.84],[14.96,18.6],[18.72,24.32],[24.44,30.72]],"texts":["In The Romantics Were Prompted this painter argued that \"without monsters and gods, art cannot enact a drama\".","This led him to depict, using the techniques of abstraction, scenes from classical myth in paintings like The Sacrifice of Iphigenia, although he later stopped naming his paintings.","Rather than hanging in their intended location in the Four Seasons Restaurant,","this painter's unfinished Seagram Murals are currently dispersed and one located in London was recently attacked with black ink.","For 10 points name this painter, an abstract expressionist famous for his hypnotic paintings which often depict blocks of colour."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96302.json b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96302.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.24],[7.36,11.48],[11.6,16.68],[16.8,20.16],[20.28,27.84],[27.96,32.52]],"texts":["At night, the nitrate radical is the dominant oxidant in this region whereas the hydroxyl radical occupies that role during the day.","At its upper limit, the dry adiabatic lapse rate changes from positive to negative,","and the resulting inversion layer means that there is little mixing between this layer of the atmosphere and the one above it.","The lower limit of this region is modelled as a turbulent boundary layer.","Containing around 90% of the mass of the atmosphere, this region is located below the stratosphere and it contains most of the earth's weather systems.","For 10 points, name this closest layer of the atmosphere to Earth's surface."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96302.opus b/tossups/02/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96302.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1d05.json b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1d05.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.96],[4.08,13.0],[13.12,20.92],[21.04,28.28],[28.4,34.28],[34.4,40.36]],"texts":["After ordering a drink, one character in this play is derided for day-dreaming,","to which he responds that \"Life is a dream;\" that character is kissing his love interest when the telephone rings and they hear only trumpeting, which shows that the radio station has been taken over.","Another character in this play keeps lecturing about will power and is one of the highly rational characters along with a man who does a bad job of explaining syllogisms to an Old Gentleman.","A woman in this play excuses her husband from work for an illness before that husband crushes a staircase; despite all this, Missus Boeuf refuses to abandon him.","Near the end of this play, Dudard goes outside which causes his demise, and then Daisy breaks up with the protagonist.","For 10 points, name this play in which Berenger doesn't transform into one of the title animals written by Eugene Ionesco."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e05.json b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e05.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.48],[7.6,14.6],[14.72,21.12],[21.24,29.36],[29.48,32.76],[32.88,38.52]],"texts":["Because a character in this profession is waylaid by his infatuation with the German girl Katchen, he ends up meeting with Mister Baldwin, who tells him about a Russian intervention.","An anthology titled for this profession includes Nicholas Tomalin's The General Goes Zapping Charlie Cong and work by Robert Christgau.","A character in this profession is the protagonist of a novel in which Lord Cooper identifies a \"promising little war\" in Ishmaelia.","A style called this profession's \"gonzo\" type discards objectivity for first-person narrative, and was pioneered the author of Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas.","People in this profession are satirized in Evelyn Waugh's novel Scoop.","For 10 points, a \"new\" version of what profession was practiced by Hunter S. Thompson and Tom Wolfe?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f05.json b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f05.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f05.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.92],[11.04,19.68],[19.8,27.0],[27.12,30.0],[30.12,36.2],[36.32,40.28]],"texts":["A plan to have the firm Olson Kundig renovate this building by adding glass balustrades was announced in 2017 and called the \"Century Project.\" This building is the tallest and most iconic example of \"Googie\" architecture.","John Minasian was a structural engineer for this building, whose design originated with Eddie Carlson's sketch on a napkin, and includes an olive-colored body and a gold roof.","This building is located right next to the Museum of Pop Culture designed by Frank Gehry, formerly known as the Experience Music Project,","as well as the monorail built for the same event as this building.","Its elevators were used by nearly 20,000 people per day during the 1962 World's Fair, for which it was built.","For 10 points, what extraterrestrial-looking tower is found in Seattle?"]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5805.json b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5805.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..de955188412776d0ad3d1d904f4b9ccf930e08af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5805.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.64],[3.76,10.68],[10.8,18.6],[18.72,25.0],[25.12,28.52],[28.64,31.96]],"texts":["One leader of this country initiated \"Operation Drive out the Filth\".","That leader urged conciliation toward his country's minorities in a speech in English, then added \"we will crush the snakes\" in his native language.","This country was the site of guerrilla campaigns called chimurengas, and one of the less violent leaders of this country's independence movement was Archbishop Abel Muzorewa.","This country awarded the farms of its white community to \"war veterans\", then saw its agricultural productivity precipitously drop.","Another independence leader in this country was Joshua Nkomo.","For Ten Points, name this country currently led by Robert Mugabe."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5805.opus b/tossups/05/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5805.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8805.json b/tossups/05/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8805.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.64],[6.76,13.32],[13.44,18.88],[19.0,28.36],[28.48,30.36],[30.48,37.48],[37.6,42.16]],"texts":["This river's upper basin is the seat of the Przeworsk culture, believed to contain elements of the Lugii tribal confederation.","Historically, the name Aistinmari or \"sea of the Aesti\" was given to the large shallow lagoon at this river's end.","It's generally believed that goods traveling south on the overland Amber Route began their journey south along this river.","It's not in Brittany or near Venice, but the Latin name for a group living along this river, Venedi, provided English with the word \"Wends.\" After the Teutonic Knights forded this river,","they built a fortress at Torun.","In an event called the \"Miracle\" on this River in 1920, five Russian armies were routed by troops under the command of Jozef Pilsudski.","For 10 points, name this river that flows past Krakow and Warsaw, the longest in Poland."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae505.json b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae505.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..41d1fe861ba48091031105916b751cf1f487c23c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae505.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.32],[9.44,17.88],[18.0,25.68],[25.8,30.56],[30.68,36.96],[37.08,41.96]],"texts":["Philip K. Dick's novel The Transmigration of Timothy Archer fictionalizes an essay by this author which examines an Episcopal bishop who died in an Israeli desert, named James Pike.","Another essay by this author states \"I want to tell you the truth, and already I have told you about the wide rivers\" and is titled in reference to a work by James Baldwin.","This author meditates on the murder of actor Ramon Navarro in an essay which recalls visiting Linda Kasabian, a jailed member of the Manson family.","This author included \"Notes of a Native Daughter\" in the section \"Seven Places of the Mind\" which,","along with \"Lifestyles in the Golden Land,\" is part of an essay collection about California in the late 1960s.","For 10 points, name this author of The White Album and Slouching Towards Bethlehem."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae605.json b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae605.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ee8fafb4d6b88a83d8523c0b239cf04ffa5b9d98
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+++ b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae605.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.76],[8.88,13.96],[14.08,19.76],[19.88,26.48],[26.6,31.16],[31.28,39.6]],"texts":["Noether's generalization of a result named for this mathematician says that for a finite Galois extension L over K, the first Galois cohomology of L-times is trivial.","This mathematician proved an order-reversing bijection between radical ideals and algebraic sets.","Another theorem proved by this mathematician states that the polynomial ring over a Noetherian ring is Noetherian.","This mathematician discussed topics like the analyticity of solutions in the calculus of variations, the continuum hypothesis,","and the Riemann hypothesis in a 1900 conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians.","A generalized form of Euclidean space possessing an inner product is named after, for 10 points, what mathematician who proposed a list of 23 unsolved problems?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae705.json b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae705.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a990740d2450949c9b1b10acc04ffe18fe911582
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.44],[9.56,10.84],[10.96,16.24],[16.36,20.88],[21.0,27.92],[28.04,33.16],[33.28,38.76]],"texts":["This psychologist built on the work of George Herbert Mead by arguing that the \"I\" was an indivisible unit of identity, as compared to the \"me\" which could be divided into the material, social,","and spiritual self.","This psychologist created four maxims of habit, which he argued was the central mechanism of education.","This psychologist criticized the conception of thoughts as independent entities,","instead advocating for the \"stream of consciousness,\" while in another book distinguished the \"healthy-mind\" from the \"sick soul.\" Along with Carl Lange,","this psychologist names a theory of emotion which states that emotions are the result of outside stimulus.","For 10 points, name this psychologist, the author of Principles of Psychology, who also wrote Pragmatism."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae905.json b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae905.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a7e5311b70f845817480b453a37e18deb68973e6
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,15.44],[15.56,20.04],[20.16,25.8],[25.92,29.12],[29.24,35.04]],"texts":["A book by University of Illinois linguist Jerome Packard argues against the idea that the use of this system results in a certain language being \"morphologically impoverished.\" Victor Mair has argued that this system has been inaccurately referred to as monosyllabic and Joel Bellassen created a color coded method for learning this system.","Otto Rosenberg's \"Four Corner Method\" is used to digitally transcribe this system.","Dictionaries for this script distinguish words by radicals and the number of strokes needed to produce words written in this script.","When used to write modern Japanese, this script is known as Kanji.","For 10 points, name this logographic script used to write the language of a certain highly populous East Asian country."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed05.json b/tossups/05/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed05.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.28],[10.4,14.52],[14.64,20.2],[20.32,30.36],[30.48,40.2]],"texts":["Some works in this genre end with a crescendo followed by two notes known as \"chum-chum.\" This genre began to lose popularity in favor of rock 'n' roll partially due to a ban on male-only public gatherings.","Many pieces in this genre were arranged for orchestra by Osvaldo Pugliese.","Guardia Vieja is a community of early performers of this genre, which standardized usage of the bandoneon.","A milonga is a type of venue for this dance, whose standards include \"Caminito\" and \"La cumparsita.\" Saxophones and electric guitars were introduced to this dance's \"nuevo\" form by Astor Piazzola.","The \"king\" of this dance, Carlos Gardel, wrote the popular \"Por una Cabeza.\" For 10 points, name this partner ballroom dance that originated in Uruguay and Argentina."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738805.json b/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738805.json
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index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ce68cf0348813db79422fa4fa7f6be0fd16a5929
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738905.json b/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738905.json
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a05.json b/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a05.json
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b05.json b/tossups/05/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b05.json
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df3ddba2602b93e0408105.json b/tossups/05/62df3ddba2602b93e0408105.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.44],[4.56,12.52],[12.64,22.6],[22.72,31.96],[32.08,38.0]],"texts":["The alternate recycling type of this technique has been applied to the study of gold nanocrystals.","The methods of Whitaker and Andrews are used for determining molecular weight with this technique, which frequently involves the use of dextran blue as a void volume marker.","Desalting apparati like G-twenty-fives, use the same matrix as this technique, and it is useful for studying ligand-binding because ligand-bound protein elutes earlier than unbound protein.","This type of column chromatography tends to dilute samples because it does not involve adsorption or gradient elution, and it is often used to distinguish protein monomers from oligomeric complexes.","For 10 points, name this type of chromatography in which porous sepharose beads are used to separate proteins by mass."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.56],[5.68,11.0],[11.12,18.32],[18.44,24.16],[24.28,30.76],[30.88,39.36]],"texts":["The song \"The Old Flag Never Touched the Ground\" was associated with one of its original survivors, William Carney.","Among the skirmishes in which this group participated were Olustee, Honey Hill, and Boykin's Hill.","Its leader and second-in-command, Pen Hallowell, were both chosen by John A. Andrew, the man who had first proposed its formation.","Among those called to recruit on its behalf were Edward Pierce and Lewis Hayden who did so before it assembled at Camp Meigs.","Its first action was at James Island and two days later it participated in the attack on a location south of Charleston harbor.","Memorialized for heading the assault on Fort Wagner, for 10 points, name this group led by Robert Gould Shaw, the first black regiment recruited in the North during the Civil War."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df8012e66cc66ca571d105.json b/tossups/05/62df8012e66cc66ca571d105.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.2],[7.32,14.52],[14.64,21.64],[21.76,27.8],[27.92,35.52]],"texts":["This quantity is equal to the molar mass times the difference in specific heat between a constant pressure and constant volume process.","The specific heat capacity of a crystal can be approximated by three times this quantity, divided by the molar mass, according to the Dulong-Petit Law.","It is equivalent to the product of Avogadro's number and the Boltzmann constant, and equals 8.314 joules per mole Kelvin.","It is multiplied by temperature in the Arrhenius equation, the Nernst equation, and the equation that describes its namesake fluids.","For 10 points, what fundamental constant symbolized R is used to unify such equations as Charles' Law, Gay-Lussac's Law, and Boyle's Law?"]}
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diff --git a/tossups/05/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37805.json b/tossups/05/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37805.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.48],[10.6,14.08],[14.2,21.32],[21.44,31.24],[31.36,35.68]],"texts":["This action was planned to take place at the 1995 World Youth Day in the Philippines as the first phase of the aborted \"Bojinka Plot.\" Balkan Airlines representative Sergei Antonov was arrested for his role in planning a case of this action,","which the Mitrokhin Commission blamed on the Bulgarian and Soviet governments.","Some, including the target of these actions, interpreted one case as the fulfillment of the Third Secret of Fatima, who interceded to protect him.","The most notable attempt at this action was perpetrated by Mehmet Ali Agca in 1981 in Saint Peter's Square, which led to the introduction of bulletproof glass on specially constructed vehicles.","For 10 points, identify these failed actions that sought to kill a certain Polish pontiff."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.4],[6.52,12.08],[12.2,18.8],[18.92,24.64],[24.76,30.2]],"texts":["The narration of this event includes a tangential description of the washing of robes in the pools near the hot and cold wellsprings of the Scamander.","During this event, one man claims that there can never be love between lambs and wolves in his rejection of a pact.","At the beginning of this event, one participant is chased three times around the walls of his city until Athena impersonates Deiphobus.","In the aftermath of this event, that participant is tied to a chariot and dragged to the funeral pyre of Patroclus.","For 10 points, name this climactic event in the Iliad in which the greatest Trojan is slain by the best of the Achaeans."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.36],[9.48,15.0],[15.12,20.16],[20.28,28.68],[28.8,33.56],[33.68,39.44]],"texts":["This play's protagonist ironically claims to hold a woman \"as dear As Agamemnon did his Iphigen,\" and later promises to curse her to death \"like Cain by Adam.\" In this play,","when a man is asked what brought him to the play's setting, he replies \"The wind that bloweth all the world besides,","Desire of gold.\" This play's protagonist tricks Mathias and Lodowick into killing each other.","This play is introduced by a character who \"counts religion but a childish toy,\" Machiavel, and features Ferneze seizing property to pay off the Turkish prince Calymath.","This play ends after a trapdoor drops the father of the repentant Abigail into a boiling cauldron.","For 10 points, name this play about Barabas, a merchant on the title Mediterranean island, by Christopher Marlowe."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.68],[9.8,16.68],[16.8,26.84],[26.96,34.28],[34.4,40.2]],"texts":["This experiment was intended to provide data useful in a future experiment to test Charles Sanders Peirce's hypothesis that the wavelength of an atomic spectral line could be used as a standard unit of length.","One of the experimenters suggested using a sandstone-and-mercury support for its critical device after a previous attempt had failed in Potsdam.","A follow-up to this experiment used that device to detect variations due to the Earth's rotation; that experiment by Kennedy and Thordike also failed to observe a fringe shift of 0.4 as expected.","That device used in this experiment included two mirrors and a half-silvered glass plate and is known as one namesake's interferometer.","For 10 points, name this 1887 experiment that failed to prove the existence of a stationary ether."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.08],[5.2,12.92],[13.04,16.84],[16.96,24.8],[24.92,32.72]],"texts":["One test of this phenomenon found participants would impulsively touch people holding a live electric wire.","In addition to Clark and Word's study about ambiguity's role in promoting it, one test had participants fill out a survey while pumping the room full of smoke,","while another test had subjects listen to a recording of a woman screaming.","It was first outlined by Bibb Latane and John Darley in an article that argued it may result from the \"diffusion of responsibility.\" For 10 points,","name this psychological effect exemplified by the murder of Kitty Genovese that posits people in a large group are less likely to help someone during a crisis."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.68],[9.8,17.32],[17.44,23.32],[23.44,29.24],[29.36,32.6],[32.72,39.12],[39.24,46.36]],"texts":["One class of these proteins contain a winged helix or forkhead box domain, while another class of these is inhibited by Rb protein and regulates the production of cyclins, called E2F.","Another class of these homodimerizes after being activated by the JAK kinase and regulates the production of interferon, and are known as the STAT proteins.","An example of them from yeast used in various experiments is GAL4, which binds to UAS.","They operate by recruiting coactivators or histone acetyltransferases and bind to consensus sequences.","Many of these proteins contain a leucine zipper or a zinc finger.","Basal ones include TFIID, which binds to the TATA box, and most contain an activating domain and a DNA binding domain.","For 10 points, name these proteins responsible for recruiting RNA polymerase and promote their namesake process of RNA production."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.08],[4.2,5.04],[5.16,13.96],[14.08,19.24],[19.36,24.56],[24.68,30.48],[30.6,37.8],[37.92,43.96]],"texts":["These things are used to describe the life of a three-legged salesman in Mark Dunn's Ibid.","In a novel,","one of these things describes an author who obsessively watches \"like a porno flick,\" while another relates a fear that a toilet's super-powerful suction will be used by a Hotel Manager for assassination.","Some of these things were used to introduce the spoiled teenager Mona and the exacting tablemate Trudy.","In another novel, these texts describe an escape via tunnel while notably neglecting the death of Hazel.","To \"make the primary text an easier read,\" David Foster Wallace prolifically used these things within his essays.","In a novel, the assassin Jakob Gradus is described in examples of these things written by a man who believes he is the escaped King of Zembla.","For 10 points, identify these texts exemplified by Charles Kinbote's obsessive commentary on Shade's Pale Fire."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae629.json b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae629.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ae89af2d422262b566d4d6ab86041141e90e7643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae629.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.28],[5.4,12.72],[12.84,18.76],[18.88,26.2],[26.32,36.0],[36.12,40.64]],"texts":["At the end of this book, its author describes its purpose as an \"extended apology for my success\".","This book describes the owner of a horse farm in Missouri who lost a scholarship to Reed College because his mother forgot to fill out a renewal form.","This book, which derives a conclusion about math tests from the differences in work required for rice and wheat harvests,","opens with a discussion of the Matthew Effect to explain why early months of the year are more likely to contain the birthdays of elite hockey players.","This book, which cites access to IBM's board of directors and a computer center as reasons for the success of Bill Gates, puts forth its author's \"10,000-Hour Rule\" for mastery in a field.","For 10 points, name this Malcolm Gladwell book about anomalous individuals."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae729.json b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae729.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c4095c39a5fe1a61b9bcd789e2425154defce766
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae729.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,12.8],[12.92,18.48],[18.6,27.16],[27.28,32.92],[33.04,37.88]],"texts":["Martin Lindstrom built on the idea of \"glasses\" for this concept as a method for understanding.","C.P. Snow labeled varieties of this concept as \"science\" and \"humanities\" in a lecture that argued that Western society was splitting this concept.","Radcliffe-Brown outlined a functionalist theory of this concept that claims that this concept adapts to environments.","Margaret Mead divided this concept into apollonian and dionysian forms and defined this concept as \"personality writ large.\" In The Chrysanthemum and the Sword,","Ruth Benedict outlined differences between the American and Japanese types of this concept, labeled as shame and guilt.","For 10 points, name this concept which refers to the collective beliefs and customs of a group of people."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae929.json b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae929.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..49f174bf096ea76364c21395916b760c57354a2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae929.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.24],[8.36,16.28],[16.4,25.6],[25.72,30.68],[30.8,36.48]],"texts":["In the Theologus Autodidactus, Ibn al-Nafis argued that this concept is related \"to the entire matter whose temperament is prepared to receive\" this concept.","According to Alexander of Hales, this concept would be \"laboring under ignorance\" if it was unaware that it was clean and was interacting with another, corrupt, entity.","Saint Augustine described this entity as a \"special substance, endowed with reason\" and Avicenna attempted to prove the existence of this entity with his \"Floating Man\" thought experiment.","Thomas Aquinas argued that this entity is non-corporeal and can exist independently of the body.","For 10 points, name this metaphysical entity, which Pythagoras argued undergo transmigration and were immortal."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738929.json b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738929.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dc6da2009550e6205884772a133bf1c883451248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738929.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.4],[4.52,11.4],[11.52,17.12],[17.24,24.36],[24.48,33.52],[33.64,39.76],[39.88,46.0]],"texts":["In one story, a person of this profession listens to a debate between a pelican and a griffin.","In another literary work, a man of this non-knight profession gives Jesus his armor for the latter's joust against Lucifer in Jerusalem.","A person with this profession explains stone props that are \"Against the World\" and \"Against the Flesh\".","That person with this profession tears up a pardon that explains that the Devil shall have the soul of those who do evil, after a priest disputes the pardon.","Chaucer describes a pilgrim of this profession as \"living in peace and perfect charity;\" that character is the only pilgrim besides the Knight's Yeoman and the Five Guildsmen not to tell a tale of his own.","A character of this profession explains the Tree of Charity to a poet named Will, while guiding him on his quest to Saint Truth.","For 10 points, name this profession of the title character of a 14th-century allegory by William Langland, a certain Piers."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a29.json b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7d518ae7e9edb454988d9665c47bba6df58f4af1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.52],[6.64,9.32],[9.44,16.16],[16.28,23.84],[23.96,24.84],[24.96,28.64],[28.76,35.8],[35.92,41.6],[41.72,47.72]],"texts":["An exception to this legal requirement exists when there are \"exigent circumstances,\" first established by the case of Warden v.","Hayden, and extended by Kentucky v. King.","The conviction of Theodore Payton was overturned in 1980 because a New York law did away with this constitutional requirement in the case of felonies.","Valid compliance with this legal obligation requires a \"neutral and detached\" decision-maker who is not part of the \"competitive enterprise,\" according to Coolidge v.","New Hampshire.","The doctrine of hot pursuit describes occasions when this requirement does not apply.","Neither this requirement nor the existence of probable cause must be met to conduct a Terry stop, only a reasonable suspicion of criminal activity.","The person or place to be searched must be described \"particularly\" to satisfy this requirement of the Fourth Amendment.","For 10 points, name this requirement that forces police to obtain a namesake document from a magistrate to conduct a search."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b29.json b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..50370b268efcbf8e8d53522380658ae4cd640e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,11.84],[11.96,18.96],[19.08,26.24],[26.36,34.04],[34.16,37.6],[37.72,42.76]],"texts":["This man wrote about sailing around the Mediterranean in his yacht, the \"Fleur de Lys,\" in The First Mate's Log.","He argued that the Middle Ages possessed a greater \"unity of mind\" because the disciplines of religion, art, and philosophy had not yet been divided,","whereas people in the modern age cannot create the \"map of knowledge\" across those disciplines to achieve happiness, in his book Speculum Mentis.","This man's pupil Ian Richmond revised his encyclopedic work The Archaeology of Roman Britain, one of his four major classics on British archaeology.","He's best known for a 1946 book collated after his death by T. M. Knox, in which he advocates studying the past by reliving the events in one's own mind,","and claims that history is just the development of self-knowledge.","For 10 points, name this British archaeologist and philosopher who wrote The Idea of History."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408029.json b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408029.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5acb8e63d7ad29fb9dde76b8179e9915e7544b24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408029.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.8],[7.92,10.8],[10.92,23.24],[23.36,32.0],[32.12,36.04]],"texts":["Major commentaries on this work were written by \"Odd Tablet\" and Zhiyanzhai, and it first became known to the public after an edition was published by Cheng Weiyuan and Gao E. This novel,","which was notably translated into English by David Hawkes,","features a frame story in which Zhen Shi-yin reads the lines \"truth becomes fiction when the fiction's true Real becomes not-real when the unreal's real\" during a reverie which begins with the fairy Disenchantment deciding to reincarnate the Crimson Pearl Flower.","This novel's main plot describes the love between Lin Dai-yu and Bao-yu during the downfall of the Jia family, and the lives of the \"Twelve Beauties of Jinling.\" For 10 points,","name this eighteenth century classic Chinese novel written by Cao Xuequin."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408129.json b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408129.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c7bdf5d1e5f932436e9c494529bf30ca7e18bb38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408129.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.12],[9.24,14.76],[14.88,20.92],[21.04,28.36],[28.48,32.04],[32.16,37.24]],"texts":["This man's attempt to break the blockade of Long Island Sound was turned back on the \"Inglorious First of June.\" Later, he was sent as a prisoner to Bermuda after running aground on a sandbar.","His most successful action involved the redeployment of the captured ketch Mastico at Edward Preble's direction.","This man who seized the frigate Macedonian and brought it to Newport served as a second in the \"triple duel\" of Richard Somers.","He died of a gunshot wound in his own duel at Bladensburg with James Barron, the captain of the Chesapeake whose case he had decided while serving on a court-martial.","He led a raid to burn the captured USS Philadelphia in the harbor of Tripoli.","For 10 points, name this U.S. naval officer, who gave the toast \"our country, right or wrong.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408229.json b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408229.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7bb88cc6dba65538ed3cf471c17da2984887a64e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df3ddba2602b93e0408229.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.4],[8.52,15.64],[15.76,25.44],[25.56,34.72],[34.84,39.72]],"texts":["Oganesyan, Fradkin and Kivelson showed that this phase can arise among electrons in materials near a quantum critical point, possibly due to a Pomeranchuk instability.","X-ray scattering in this type of phase reveals diffuse spots or diffuse rings that become quasi-Bragg peaks if it is cooled and enters a smectic phase.","The order parameter for this phase is a traceless symmetric tensor, which becomes nonzero after a first-order phase transition from an isotropic phase, indicating breaking of rotational symmetry.","It is characterized by typically rod-shaped particles with long-range orientational but not translational order, and named from a Greek word meaning \"thread.\" For 10 points,","what is this ordered phase of matter, a twisted form of which is often used in digital LCD displays?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b29.json b/tossups/29/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ff737af28c38285ef5b3fc046b6f19dd966ca188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,14.12],[14.24,23.2],[23.32,29.56],[29.68,37.08]],"texts":["Taking this function on a member of a finite abelian group returns a member of the group that is the Pontryagin dual of the original group.","The space of all functions whose derivatives are rapidly decreasing has the property that this operation is an automorphism; that space is named for Schwartz.","The integral from negative infinity to infinity of the square of a function is equal to that same integral of this operation of that function, squared, according to Parseval's theorem.","Like a related operation named for Laplace, it takes convolutions to products and takes inputs from the time domain to the frequency domain.","For 10 points, name this operation which takes an input and resolves it into a series of frequencies, a transform named for a French mathematician."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d029.json b/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d029.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..53f7756123289cfa84331180bce4d354128a1490
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d029.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.44],[4.56,12.36],[12.48,18.8],[18.92,25.48],[25.6,32.52],[32.64,38.32]],"texts":["This battle saw the capture of Psyttaleia by a recently turned general named Aristides.","One side included the female general Artemisia, which prompted her leader to note that his female general became a man and his male generals became women.","Accounts differ over whether an early retreat by Adeimantus at this battle was out of cowardice or to force the enemy into an enclosed area.","This battle was fought after one sided retreated following the Battle of Artemisium and included a force led by Eurybiades of Sparta.","During it, Themistocles led a force of about 270 triremes that opposed a force sent by Xerxes I south of the Isthmus of Corinth.","For 10 points, name 480 B.C. battle, a decisive Greek naval victory against the Persians."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d129.json b/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d129.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d8b7a716f236f89c6d208b17e0d5606a7d5996af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df8012e66cc66ca571d129.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.2],[8.32,15.84],[15.96,23.0],[23.12,29.56],[29.68,34.0]],"texts":["This composer expanded his early singspiel about the romantic exploits of Peter the Great into an opera about Frederick the Great's flute-playing career, The North Star.","This composer's time at the Prussian court proved crucial to the career of Richard Wagner, as he pushed for the first performances of Rienzi and The Flying Dutchman.","Ghosts of nuns rise from coffins and dance a ballet in another of his operas, which ends with Bertram failing to claim his title son's soul.","In addition to that first \"grand opera,\" he also wrote about Valentine and Raoul's love in an opera that ends with the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre.","For 10 points, name this composer of Robert the Devil and Les Huguenots."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df83920c3a38102cd75929.json b/tossups/29/62df83920c3a38102cd75929.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..81179e26dac9398e725b29bc04b7da598ebde11f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df83920c3a38102cd75929.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.32],[10.44,20.44],[20.56,28.12],[28.24,37.16]],"texts":["In one of this author's poems, the speaker laments that his sins \"pass the Jews' impiety\" because he crucifies Jesus not once, but \"daily, being now glorified.\" In another of this author's poems,","the speaker asks God \"like Adamant to draw\" his \"iron heart\" after imploring \"Thou hast made me, and shall thy work decay?\" A third poem by this author pleads \"That I may rise, and stand,","o'erthrow me, and bend Your force to break, blow, burn, and make me new\" after the speaker asks \"three-person'd God\" to \"batter\" his heart.","For 10 points, name this British poet who wrote \"death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die\" in the tenth of his Holy Sonnets, which begins \"Death, be not proud.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a29.json b/tossups/29/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..633360e2f25fc57263a85d5a245a5556531369bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.92],[4.04,11.68],[11.8,19.28],[19.4,27.08],[27.2,32.6]],"texts":["This event was followed by the Informbiro period in one of the relevant countries.","Supporters of one side were sent to the prison island Goli otok, and Traicho Kostov and Laszlo Rajk were both executed for their alleged support of the other.","One man in this event became angry at the other for that man's impolitic involvement in the Greek Civil War and attempts to incorporate Trieste into his country.","This event was made official with a 1948 resolution that accused another country's Communist party of splitting with Marxist-Leninism and expelled it from Cominform.","For 10 points, name this cooling of relations between the leaders of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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Binary files /dev/null and b/tossups/29/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a29.opus differ
diff --git a/tossups/29/62df8ab610329be735a33f29.json b/tossups/29/62df8ab610329be735a33f29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dbc2c759c0144a1f52294c0eab235418180baffa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62df8ab610329be735a33f29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.28],[10.4,20.0],[20.12,26.0],[26.12,35.08],[35.2,41.8]],"texts":["With an Italian, this mathematician names the result that the image of a subset of a complex plane under a function with an essential singularity in that subset will be dense in the complex plane.","This non-American mathematician partially names a theorem which states that every continuous function on a closed interval can be uniformly approximated, arbitrarily closely, by a polynomial.","He is the second namesake of a theorem stating that a bounded and closed subset of R-n is sequentially compact.","He used the concept of uniform convergence to create the rigorous definition of continuity and revised Cauchy's imprecise epsilon-delta definition of a limit.","For 10 points, identify this German who names a theorem with Bolzano and discovered a function that is everywhere continuous but nowhere differentiable."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95829.json b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95829.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a18ad9683dec16a38d8d2a9d02a5efef69117ec9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95829.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.48],[9.6,12.0],[12.12,20.04],[20.16,27.28],[27.4,32.4],[32.52,42.04],[42.16,50.12]],"texts":["This artist was commissioned by David Mirvish to paint a massive series of murals stretching over 10,000 square feet, which ended up covering the auditorium ceiling, lounge, lobby,","and back wall of the Princess of Wales Theatre.","This artist featured vertical notches at the top and bottom of his painting Newstead Abbey and created a series of 300 sculptures meant to match Scarlatti's Essercizi.","This artist used the outlines of drafing tools as abstract representations of feathers in a series of aluminum reliefs,","while he borrowed the proportions of Nazi banners for a work named afer the frst line of the Nazi anthem.","This creator of the Exotic Bird series included Die Fahne Hoch! and The Marriage of Reason and Squalor in a group of works featuring bands of a certain dark paint separated by thin lines of unpainted canvas.","For 10 points, name this abstract American artist who created the geometry-inspired Irregular Polygons series and frst came to fame with the Black Paintings."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95929.json b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95929.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37eaae9fb8e70411cf2af19b33226e1bb4f8f8b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95929.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.48],[7.6,14.88],[15.0,19.6],[19.72,28.6],[28.72,33.48],[33.6,40.28],[40.4,45.08],[45.2,51.8]],"texts":["Since this deity was said to have rewarded any oferings, coins were ofen tossed into wells in a possible precursor of the similar modern custom.","This deity angrily gave a cured leper his leprosy back because he disobeyed the order to bathe with an-other man also sufering from leprosy.","This deity's birth at sunrise coincided with a pillar of fame that shot up to the heavens.","This goddess, whose name means \"exalted one,\" invented both whistling and a poetic combination of weeping and singing occasioned by her lament for her deceased son, known as keening.","Julius Caesar compared the role of this goddess to that of Minerva in his Commentaries on the Gallic Wars.","This goddess was celebrated in a festival that marked when ewes frst began to produce milk, signaling the start of spring, known as Imbolc.","This daughter of the Dagda was syncretized with a slave from Kildare who was baptized by Patrick.","For 10 points, name this pagan goddess of wisdom, poetry, and the hearth who later became a female patron saint of Ireland."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a29.json b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a098835ed449d8eb22354e96e8bc58224ca0341f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,10.8],[10.92,19.04],[19.16,24.0],[24.12,35.12],[35.24,43.96],[44.08,48.08],[48.2,54.6]],"texts":["A computational \"three-embedded-component\" theory of this phenomenon was formulated by Oberauer.","Jonides and Smith formulated a theory of this phenomenon on the basis of PET imaging known as the \"mind and brain\" model.","A series of experiments involving reading comprehension led Daneman and Carpenter to formulate a theory of individual diferences with respect to this psychological phenomenon;","that theory in turn led another theorist of this phenomenon to introduce the concept of the episodic bufer.","A multicomponent theory of this psychological phenomenon in which a central executive directs attention while storage is handled by the visuo-spatial sketchpad and the phonological loop was formulated by Hitch and Baddeley.","An \"embedded process\" theory of this phenomenon as \"cognitive processes that are maintained in an unusually accessible state\" was formulated by Cowan,","who argued that this phenomenon had a storage capacity of about four items.","For 10 points, identify this psychological capability to store, retrieve, and manipulate information over a short period of time."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b29.json b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7358524903c307b7f0cc7278e568eb4aa4d396e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b29.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.64],[7.76,15.4],[15.52,18.0],[18.12,22.36],[22.48,29.2],[29.32,36.68],[36.8,41.56]],"texts":["In the opening of a scene of this play, a character notes to himself that he has been told to walk about his room twelve times, but forgets if it was lengthwise or across.","Another character in this play remarks that the ancients used to kidnap maidens they wanted to marry, and had earlier been described as a blind follower of the ancients,","which is why he doesn't believe in the circulation of the blood.","Two characters in this play improvise a song about the lovers Tircis and Phyllis.","The title character's brother Beralde and servant Toinette convince him to play dead, after which he learns his wife Beline is only interested in his money.","At the end of the play, the title character gives up his plan to make Thomas Diafoirus his son-in-law and allows his daughter Angelique to marry Cleante.","For 10 points, name this Moliere comedy about Argan, who always thinks he is ill."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c29.json b/tossups/29/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c29.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bfdbdd3efb07db5eaa9247763b0fa0e29a7f0cba
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.36],[7.48,12.92],[13.04,18.04],[18.16,23.6],[23.72,28.08],[28.2,36.0]],"texts":["One of these figures names a hadith that describes a time when the masters of black camels dispute with others, and when slaves give birth to their masters.","A virgin who visited Idris and then refused food and drink revealed herself to actually be one of these figures.","The human-faced horse Buraq was summoned by one of these figures so that a man could perform the Isra and Mi'raj.","One of these figures gave the command \"Read!\" or \"Recite!\" to a man who had journeyed to the Cave of Hira.","The Night of Power took place when one of these figures revealed the first verses of the Quran to Muhammad.","For 10 points, name these beings of light that in Islam include Israfil, Mikail, and Jibril, the latter of which is called Gabriel in English."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f32.json b/tossups/32/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c829fbb2314c2e1a683bcfc886e19cf5f67e99e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.92],[9.04,14.68],[14.8,21.84],[21.96,28.4],[28.52,34.6]],"texts":["As an infant, a boy in this city is conditioned to fear cans of Pabst Blue Ribbon and issues of The Economist in a version of the \"Little Albert\" experiment conducted by his psychologist father.","A costume designer befriends a former hotel manager who came to this city from Iowa to escape his memory of Romola Martin.","The city of Dickens is an \"agrarian ghetto\" of this metropolis where the protagonist reinstates segregation and slavery in Paul Beatty's novel The Sellout.","A character who intends to paint a masterpiece titled \"The Burning of\" this city witnesses a riot started by Homer Simpson.","For 10 points, what city is the setting of Nathanael West's The Day of the Locust, an example of a \"Hollywood novel\"?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8732.json b/tossups/32/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8732.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..166b27777e09f5a7aa7c5f3a1dde9dfff8fcdac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8732.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.96],[2.08,14.6],[14.72,18.64],[18.76,24.24],[24.36,27.56],[27.68,34.36],[34.48,40.92],[41.04,46.0]],"texts":["At the demands of a Senate,","two sisters co-ruled this polity for seven weeks before one of them carried out a coup and married a man known by an epithet meaning \"he who fights alone.\" A female regent of this polity used her son's marriage to a mistress as an excuse to blind her son,","having earlier tried to marry him to a daughter of Hildegard of the Vinzgau.","Customs of cloistering women are noted in the latter of two texts from this polity called the Strategikon.","Otto III married a princess from this polity, Theophanu.","Many did not consider Charlemagne's coronation a usurpation partly because, at the time, this polity was ruled by a woman named Irene.","A princess from this empire recorded interactions with Bohemond of Taranto, Robert Guiscard, and other Normans in the Alexiad.","For 10 points, name this empire whose luminaries included Anna Comnena and Empress Theodora."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae632.json b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae632.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31fc0195c0e0e18242d85ee4d3707a69babb7833
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae632.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.0],[6.12,13.04],[13.16,18.76],[18.88,26.24],[26.36,28.16],[28.28,35.6],[35.72,39.84]],"texts":["Art historian Tarnya Cooper curated an exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery titled \"Searching for\" this person.","X-ray analysis revealed that a portrait of this person dated to the 1800s was painted over a 1609 depiction of the Madonna and Child.","The phrase \"Principum amicitas!\" appears above this person in a painting owned by the Cobbe family.","This person is depicted in both the fake \"Flower Portrait\" and in an engraving by Martin Droeshout; the latter may be modeled on John Taylor's portrait of this person,","which was owned by the Duke of Chandos.","Elizabeth Siddal posed in a bathtub for a painting inspired by this author's work that depicts a woman floating in a brook, by John Everett Millais.","For 10 points, an engraving of what author appears on the cover of his First Folio?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae732.json b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae732.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..caa44dd76eda43d04448750d512521ee09feb004
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae732.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.76],[4.88,10.2],[10.32,16.32],[16.44,20.32],[20.44,25.44],[25.56,32.08],[32.2,37.28]],"texts":["In the preface to a novel, the author sees the Greek word Ananke etched into a wall in this place.","Bragmardo makes a plea for one character to return objects he stole from this place to tie around his horse's neck.","A character who works here looks from a book to this place and says \"This will kill that.\" After climbing to the top of this structure,","a giant urinates on the crowd below in the novel Gargantua and Pantagruel.","In a novel titled for this place, the protagonist saves a woman who is falsely accused of murdering Phoebus.","That character, who is crowned the \"Pope of Fools\" at a festival, pushes Frollo off of the top of this building after he betrayed Esmeralda.","For 10 points, name this building where, in a Victor Hugo novel, the hunchback Quasimoto works."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae832.json b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae832.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..55f39f7ee02c44ffc1282b755f39912a0c091905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae832.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.32],[4.44,9.44],[9.56,16.08],[16.2,21.28],[21.4,27.28],[27.4,32.76],[32.88,38.4]],"texts":["William Arrowsmith wrote that this play's central characters were meant to represent phalluses.","In this play, the gibberish line \"Nabaisatreu\" is uttered by the pagan god Triballus.","A religious ceremony in this play is interrupted by a poet, an oracle-monger, and the astronomer Meton, who are all attacked and driven out.","A character in this play convinces Heracles to return Zeus' sceptre to him and allow him to marry Basileia.","After wandering away from Athens at the start of this play, two characters find Tereus, who turned himself into a hoopoe.","In this play, Pisthetaerus tells the chorus that they are older than the gods and should create their own domain in the sky.","For 10 points, name this Aristophanes play whose title creatures establish Cloud-cuckoo-land."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae932.json b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae932.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0152c5dfcc6f0c187722d27f46bd2415f652d3b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae932.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.4],[5.52,11.92],[12.04,17.12],[17.24,21.96],[22.08,27.2],[27.32,30.84],[30.96,34.56]],"texts":["One river of this name is fed by the Concho River, which is named for its abundant Tampico pearly mussels.","That river of this name flows through the reservoirs of Lake Lyndon B. Johnson and Lady Bird Lake on its way to Matagorda Bay.","That river of this name flows through Austin and is the longest river entirely within Texas.","Another river of this name flows through De Beque Canyon and waters the Grand Valley Region.","The Salton Sea was created by a river of this name, which also forms Lake Powell behind the Glen Canyon Dam.","Lake Mead is formed along a river of this name behind the Hoover Dam.","For 10 points, give this name of the river that carved out the Grand Canyon."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed32.json b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7caa763e2f7f514740f1f44956608774c11c9610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,16.04],[16.16,22.68],[22.8,26.08],[26.2,32.4],[32.52,38.4]],"texts":["In a play set in this state, Elliot Ortiz's mother Ginny moderates a chat room under the name \"Haikumom\" for recovering drug addicts.","A bartender in a play set in this state warns two of his regulars that \"you could wake up tomorrow and all your jobs are in Mexico.\" Evan serves as Chris and Jason's parole officer in that play set in this state.","The protagonist of a play set in this state describes wrestling with the devil for \"three days and three nights.\" In another play set in this state,","Boy Willie wishes to sell the title object to purchase Sutter's land.","A mentally-handicapped character believes he is the archangel Gabriel in a play set in this state in which Cory is prohibited from playing football.","For 10 points, August Wilson set Fences and The Piano Lesson in which US state, the site of his Pittsburgh Cycle?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738832.json b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738832.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6e56efaa0ac6e6a8389e27c3c9a0b4deb5691970
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738832.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.32],[5.44,11.68],[11.8,20.64],[20.76,26.56],[26.68,32.64],[32.76,38.84],[38.96,44.28]],"texts":["A fictional version of this person appears in a novel originally titled The Elephant Path-in that book,","Madame Reynaud asks a character who read Franz Mesmer's An Abridged History of Animal Magnetism to treat this man.","This author wrote \"and so many years, and always, much always, always, always!\", in \"Today I Like Life Much Less\" from his posthumously published Payroll of Bones.","Clayton Eshelman translated a poetry collection by this author which begins \"There are blows in life, so powerful ...","I don't know!\" This poet is afflicted with hiccups while dying in Paris in Roberto Bolano's novel Monsieur Pain.","The Spanish Civil War inspired him to write Spain, Take this Cup From Me, though his first published collection was The Black Heralds.","For 10 points, name this author of the modernist sequence Trilce, who was exiled from his native Peru."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738932.json b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738932.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1f3f8cc97f1baef2094c208f66faad8ba3638962
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738932.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.68],[10.8,15.84],[15.96,20.16],[20.28,29.4],[29.52,31.08],[31.2,43.36],[43.48,47.72]],"texts":["Kinnier Wilson reads a pericope about one of these creatures as a parody of what would ensue if a certain character was given \"the divine office of glory.\" The female name for these creatures is used in a passage describing them crying,","because \"the rivers of waters are dried up\" and how fire has destroyed the wilderness.","One is said to dwell in the \"waste wilderness\" called Duidain in the Book of Enoch.","A tractate called \"The Last Gate\" describes how the female one of these creatures was \"cooled off,\" while the male one was castrated; that's because if these creatures ever copulated,","they would destroy the world.","One of these creatures has \"his testicles bounded by twisted cords\" and a tail \"stiff like a cedar\" according to a passage that states \"a thousand mountains\" bring him food and that it \"drinks up the Jordan.\" A description of the Leviathan precedes a description of,","for 10 points, what unidentifiable creature in the Book of Job thought to be a beast?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a32.json b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9355868c09897121d3b0497f350e6e54c7aafec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.8],[7.92,16.64],[16.76,20.96],[21.08,30.0],[30.12,34.92],[35.04,44.48],[44.6,49.76]],"texts":["This quantity is joined by 3 similar quantities representing a neutral scalar, a pseudoscalar, and a charged scalar in a \"two-doublet\" model.","This quantity must be less than square root of 8 pi times one-third times root 2 times the Fermi constant; violation of that bound derived by Lee, Quigg,","and Thacker means that high-energy W-W scattering would violate unitarity.","This quantity equals the square root of 2 times a self-coupling parameter times the vacuum expectation value of a certain so-called \"mexican hat\" potential.","The fact that this quantity is much smaller than the Planck mass is one statement of the hierarchy problem.","Experiments at the LEP collider gave a lower bound of 114 GeV for this quantity, which was determined to be about 125 GeV by the ATLAS and CMS experiments.","For 10 points, name this mass whose value was estimated in 2012 by the Large Hadron Collider."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b32.json b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fd90286fba3b4f53aa0144b2b16a680c09bfe4d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,15.56],[15.68,20.24],[20.36,28.52],[28.64,35.2],[35.32,44.68],[44.8,49.08]],"texts":["A character in this poem notes \"The Laurentian Landshield was ruthlessly gerrymandered, And there was a terrible tussle over the Tethys Ocean\".","The lines \"creation lay in pain and earnest, once more reprieved from self-destruction, its adoption, as usual postponed\" conclude this poem,","which contains a \"dirge\" section whose speakers dream of \"some Gilgamesh or Napoleon,","some Solon or Sherlock Holmes\" who can rescue them from \"their egregious destructive blunders.\" This poem's first part ends by describing Captain Kidd,","who in his \"Quiz Programme HOW ALERT ARE YOU\" announces themes of \"HOMO ABYSSUS OCCIDENTALIS\" or \"SEVEN SELFISH SUPPERLESS\" periods.","Dedicated to John Betjeman, this poem opens at a bar in New York City and is subtitled \"A Baroque Epilogue.\" Quant, Malin, Rosetta and Emble are the speakers of, for 10 points,","what long poem by W. H. Auden named for the uncertain, industrialized world?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df3ddba2602b93e0408232.json b/tossups/32/62df3ddba2602b93e0408232.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d35ddfd7f9a2da81402fddb237ab37d0be63028e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df3ddba2602b93e0408232.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.72],[4.84,11.24],[11.36,16.44],[16.56,25.08],[25.2,33.48],[33.6,44.6]],"texts":["5,6-secosterol is a signature product of this reaction within atherosclerotic plaque.","Scavenger compounds like 2-butanol increase the yield of secondary organic aerosols when pinene is subjected to this reaction.","In this reaction, which is a series of three reversible 1,3-dipolar addition reactions,","one of the more stable intermediates involves the reversion of a cyclic compound to a carbonyl and a carbonyl oxide, the latter of which is sometimes called the Criegee intermediate.","This reaction catalyzes the opposite conversion of the Wittig reaction, and harsher alternatives to this reaction involve the use of osmium tetroxide or permanganate.","For 10 points, name this reaction, a useful tool in locating double bonds in organic molecules, in which alkenes or alkynes are converted to carbonyl compounds by a triatomic allotrope of oxygen."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76932.json b/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76932.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..77b45a81f40148a0165d9d93f2e2cbc305b2133c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76932.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.04],[5.16,9.96],[10.08,15.08],[15.2,19.8],[19.92,21.92],[22.04,27.0],[27.12,31.24],[31.36,34.04],[34.16,38.24]],"texts":["This man went to Crete to celebrate the funeral of his grandfather Catreus, a descendant of Minos.","One of his sons is named \"great sorrow\" because that son was born from his affair with a concubine.","He kills Euphorbus while moving Patroclus' body off the battlefield, and also murders Deiphobus at Troy.","Athena convinces Pandarus to wound this hero in Book IV of the Iliad, ending a truce.","He wrestled with Proteus while in Egypt.","Odysseus swore an oath of loyalty to this man before this man won his wife in a game of pulling straws.","Tyndareus cedes the throne to this son of Atreus and brother of Agamemnon.","Neoptolemus marries this man's daughter Hermione.","For 10 points, name this king of Sparta, the original husband of Helen."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b32.json b/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a7ee50729132776d3df275cf17bd56ab8b23d5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.76],[3.88,8.4],[8.52,13.04],[13.16,15.96],[16.08,23.44],[23.56,30.36],[30.48,36.32]],"texts":["One policy that led to this event was nicknamed the \"Frank Sinatra\" doctrine.","In his master's thesis, 20-year-old Zbignew Brzezinski predicted this event.","During this event, a city renamed itself after Anatoly Sobchak became mayor.","The Special Period in Cuba was directly caused by this event.","During this event, the president was arrested at his holiday home in Foros in the August coup, which was ended when a speech was made outside the White House atop a tank.","This event granted Russia a seat on the UN Security Council, and ended after Mikhail Gorbachev resigned and Boris Yeltsin took over.","For 10 points, name this event where Ukraine and the Baltic States, among others, became independent countries in 1991."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d132.json b/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d132.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00ea95472e5ffd5edb666274d025df83e91841b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d132.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.12],[6.24,9.88],[10.0,13.76],[13.88,19.2],[19.32,25.44],[25.56,31.36],[31.48,34.36]],"texts":["During a 2008 conference in Trieste, this man jumped out from behind a column in an effort to surprise Angela Merkel.","In 2009, this man was hit in the face with a model of a cathedral.","He was criticized for complimenting Barack Obama's suntan, twice.","He is currently in power as the head of the \"People of Freedom\" Party, which rules in a coalition with the Northern League.","The Moroccan belly dancer Ruby Rubacuori alleged that this man liked to have \"bunga bunga\" parties at his private residence.","This man is the owner of most of the television stations in his country, and is frequently opposed by Romano Prodi.","For 10 points, name this Prime Minister of Italy."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d232.json b/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d232.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e3595d2d468e74af24725ebbd18410d9fedbcee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df8012e66cc66ca571d232.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.04],[4.16,10.32],[10.44,16.48],[16.6,23.2],[23.32,26.12],[26.24,32.64],[32.76,39.88]],"texts":["Driver improved upon Bismut's version of this formula for jump processes.","Darboux's formula is a consequence of its repeated application and Abel's formula is its analogous discrete method.","It can be derived by using the product rule on two functions then applying the fundamental theorem of calculus and rearranging terms.","One variant of takes the products of a item in a table with the item to its lower right then sums the products using alternating signs.","That tabular method is used when this is done repeatedly.","The LIATE rule is a heuristic for using it where L stands for logarithm and I for inverse trig function.","For 10 points, name this integration technique that states that the integral of u dv equals uv minus the integral of v du."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75732.json b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75732.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..64b190a6273ec59cfbd31de18a401cb3da6e3c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75732.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.8],[7.92,13.24],[13.36,18.84],[18.96,20.08],[20.2,28.96],[29.08,34.96],[35.08,41.4]],"texts":["Comic characters in this poem include Maljo, an aspiring politician who is known as \"Professor Static\" because of his broken syntax during campaign speeches.","In the final book of this poem, the title character renews the narrator's faith after guiding him to the Pool of Speculation.","The second book of this poem describes how Afolabe is renamed because of his bravery at the Battle of the Saints.","Throughout this poem,","a character who drives a van called the Comet and a character who owns a boat with the misspelled motto \"In God We Troust\" fight for an arrogant maid who serves the Plunkett household.","In the sixth book of this poem, Ma Kilman heals the wound of Philoctete, and Hector's death is mourned by Achille and Helen.","For 10 points, name this epic poem which adapts the Iliad to the island of Saint Lucia, written by Derek Walcott."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75932.json b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75932.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2bdef74acaa7b196340a5b0ffcff55d5cf4cc4f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75932.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,12.0],[12.12,17.68],[17.8,21.88],[22.0,27.52],[27.64,30.88],[31.0,35.0]],"texts":["One example of this type of biome is the relatively flat hamada, or reg, which is contrasted with the less flat erg.","In the Koppen classification system, this biome is given the classifications BWh and BWk.","Clay, iron, and manganese oxide collect on rocks in this biome in a process known as its namesake varnishing.","Flat, smooth areas in this biome are known as its namesake pavement.","Because of Hadley cell circulation, these biomes are often found near latitudes of thirty degrees north and south.","They are often found near mountain ranges because of the rain shadow effect.","For 10 points, name this biome which is defined by its lack of precipitation."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75a32.json b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75a32.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1397b27e6593a852a8946823224c7bd4225ebcef
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+++ b/tossups/32/62df83920c3a38102cd75a32.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.12],[6.24,9.32],[9.44,11.52],[11.64,14.24],[14.36,19.0],[19.12,22.36],[22.48,30.04]],"texts":["Sudden changes in these phenomena can result from seiches created by raising or lowering of atmospheric pressure.","A sudden increase in them can be caused by propagation of a bore.","During still periods, they are known as slack.","Increased speeds are seen in their Perigean variety.","Stronger and weaker versions of these phenomena are called spring and neap, respectively.","One zone created by changes in them is called the littoral zone.","For 10 points, name these phenomena caused by the Sun's and the Moon's gravitational forces on the Earth's oceans: changes in height of a body of water."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.04],[8.16,16.08],[16.2,23.6],[23.72,26.72],[26.84,32.56]],"texts":["One figure involved in this case was given a five-and-a-half ounce gold box for his role and was referred to as \"the day-star\" of the revolution by one official.","The defense stated that the law in question had its origins in the Star Chamber, and appealed to the jury to use their daily lives to determine whether the defendant was telling the truth.","The accused in this case had taken issue with the replacement of Chief Justice Lewis Morris by James DeLancey, as enacted by governor William Cosby,","and published a series of articles in the New-York Weekly Journal.","For 10 points, name this event in the colonial United States in which a namesake newspaperman was sued for libel."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e34.json b/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e34.json
new file mode 100644
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f34.json b/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f34.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.64],[4.76,8.4],[8.52,14.64],[14.76,19.52],[19.64,24.68],[24.8,28.68],[28.8,34.28],[34.4,40.04]],"texts":["In Psalm 2, worshippers are instructed to serve the Lord with fear and do this to his son.","Rabbi Akiva praised the ancient Medes for performing this act with their hands.","An object called the osculatorium or pax was the subject of this action in early churches as part of a ritual for peace.","Jesus gives the response \"Friend, do what you are here to do\" to an instance of this action.","Because of massive crowds, it is often no longer possible to do this to the Black Stone while on hajj.","Medieval Europeans believed that witches greeted the Devil by doing this to his buttocks.","A man was bribed to do this specific act to another man in a garden for the price of thirty pieces of silver.","For 10 points, name this affectionate action that Judas Iscariot famously did to Jesus after betraying him."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5834.json b/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5834.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5834.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.16],[4.28,8.6],[8.72,14.92],[15.04,21.52],[21.64,28.04],[28.16,32.24]],"texts":["Dagohoy Rebels in this country blocked European invasion of their land for 85 years.","A wooden statue of Christ still in use today was given to this country's Rajah Humabon,","and a passenger ferry in this country collided with an oil tanker in the deadliest peacetime naval disaster in history.","A recent ceasefire in this country pacified its MILF rebels, and the communist Hukbalahap fought this country shortly after its independence.","This country disputes Scarborough Shoal with China, and its current president committed thousands of extrajudicial killings as mayor of Davao.","For ten points, name this country currently led by Rodrigo Duterte."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5834.opus b/tossups/34/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a5834.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8734.json b/tossups/34/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8734.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,2.88],[3.0,12.48],[12.6,17.84],[17.96,24.16],[24.28,33.2],[33.32,41.32]],"texts":["Note to players: we want the form that these works take.","Many of the most important British works in this form were almost lost in the 1731 Cotton Fire at Ashburnham House; the saved works later became the original British Museum collection.","Lillian Randall argued that conflicts with the Lombards are depicted in these works as knights fighting snails.","113 unidentified plant species appear in an as-yet undeciphered document in this form named after a Polish collector.","Eadfrith adapted Saint Jerome's Vulgate into one of these documents called the Lindisfarne Gospels, an exemplar of these documents' Hiberno-Saxon style, which is also used in the Book of Kells.","For 10 points, name these documents written by monks that were often \"illuminated\" with fanciful hand-drawn illustrations prior to the invention of the printing press."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae534.json b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae534.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae534.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.48],[9.6,16.72],[16.84,24.6],[24.72,28.48],[28.6,31.44],[31.56,35.56],[35.68,40.68]],"texts":["In the Anabasis, Xenophon notes that a Greek army was briefly incapacitated by unknowingly consuming a toxic form of this substance which contains grayanotoxin, known as is its \"mad\" variety.","In Oedipus Rex, the chorus advises the title character to pour water mixed with this substance on the ground, as it was said to please chthonic deities.","The Greeks credited the first human uses of olive oil, cheese, and this substance to a figure who attempted to rape Eurydice named Aristaeus.","This substance nursed the nymph Melissa, who was named for it, in her youth.","It supposedly filled the sarcophagus of Alexander the Great.","This substance was fermented to make the first alcoholic drinks, such as mead.","Apiculturists often seek to acquire, for 10 points, what sweet liquid made by bees?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae634.json b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae634.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c8dc6c6af6e2f0ab7cd99fb8d5722f330e7b36e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae634.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.16],[5.28,10.64],[10.76,15.44],[15.56,24.92],[25.04,30.44],[30.56,35.2],[35.32,40.12]],"texts":["A woman in this novel points out of a window to a maple tree which the protagonist urinated on many years ago.","Another woman in this novel spends 20 years collecting rocks and hangs a bag from her ceiling containing human bones.","After meeting with Reverend Cooper, its protagonist learns his grandfather's body washed up from the grave.","The phrase \"your day has come\" is whispered to victims by this novel's characters Empire State and Hospital Tommy, who are part of a revenge killing society called Seven Days.","Reba's daughter Hagar tries to kill this novel's protagonist, who learns to \"fly\" after Pilate is killed.","While searching for a bag of gold, this novel's protagonist is almost killed by Guitar.","Milkman Dead features in, for 10 points, what Toni Morrison novel with a biblical title?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae834.json b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae834.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d4095d0d190dad7bb0fac3f73808e84dfc5ce3f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae834.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.48],[8.6,16.16],[16.28,22.68],[22.8,30.44],[30.56,35.52],[35.64,40.76],[40.88,46.48]],"texts":["This artist's \"overlooked radicalism\" is discussed in a 2018 essay by Griselda Pollock, who is credited with authoring one of the earliest feminist studies on this artist.","This artist was commissioned to paint a now lost companion piece to Mary MacMonnies' mural \"Primitive Woman\" for the 1893 World's Fair.","A man dips a honeycomb into a glass of water in a painting by this artist influenced by the time they spent in Seville and Madrid.","This artist's sister, Lydia, is among the many elegantly dressed women sitting in \"loges\" that this artist depicted later in life.","A man and wife ride in a sailboat with their pink gown-wearing child in another work by this artist.","This student of Degas showed a woman in stripes washing the feet of an infant in her best-known painting.","For 10 points, name this American Impressionist who created The Boating Party and The Child's Bath."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae934.json b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae934.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae934.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.2],[5.32,13.0],[13.12,19.24],[19.36,24.92],[25.04,29.96],[30.08,35.52]],"texts":["Proteins tagged with the chelating complex DOTA and various lanthanides are analyzed with this technique in MeCAT.","A variant of this technique passes its sample through a nebulizer before adding it to an argon plasma, and makes use of a Daly detector and a Faraday cup.","After heating its liquid sample with a metal filament that device for this technique has an output that is analyzed with the Saha equation.","Devices for performing this technique are commonly coupled with laser ablation systems or devices that output a Taylor cone.","Identification of the M+1 signal and the base peak are relevant to analysis in this technique.","For 10 points, name this technique that separates fragmented ions by the ratio of its namesake quantity to charge."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed34.json b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed34.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..583301fb164a6b543a5066cc18038f65652a281c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed34.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.92],[8.04,12.8],[12.92,17.8],[17.92,23.96],[24.08,29.16],[29.28,34.04],[34.16,39.6]],"texts":["In Japanese philosophy, these non-ring concepts are used to title sections explaining sword and battle strategies in Miyamoto Musashi's most famous book.","In another culture, these concepts were related to different organs, medicinal properties and planets.","Proclus differentiated these things based on the three properties of sharpness, density and mobility.","In On Generation and Corruption, each of these objects are associated with two of the four sensible qualities.","These objects are described according to the Chinese wuxing system and were enumerated by Empedocles.","Disagreeing with Heraclitus, Thales argued that one of them was the base substance of all things.","For 10 points, identify this set of objects which classically consisted of air, fire, earth and water."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738834.json b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738834.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..432459a1e4b472595ac492b59fd61ee664fe9305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738834.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.56],[7.68,24.52],[24.64,27.44],[27.56,36.24],[36.36,40.6]],"texts":["This unnamed character cites celebrations of the \"debaucheries of Jupiter\" and \"the continence of Xenocrates being revered\" as examples of evil in men,","but concludes that \"at the bottom of our hearts an innate principle of justice and virtue.\" While in a \"state of uncertainty and doubt which Descartes considers to be necessary for the search for truth,\" this character \"ponders\" on the \"sad fate of mortals\" before deciding to follow the \"Inner Light.\" After its author was charged with \"impiety\" for creating the ideas spoken by this character,","he wrote Letters from the Mountain to defend ancient civic religion.","In Reveries of a Solitary Walker, the author who created this character suggests that this figure's ideas about natural religion may \"one day make a revolution amongst men.\" For 10 points,","name this religious figure, who explains his \"Creed\" in Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Emile."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738934.json b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738934.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d09bd749f892964ee3eb83b93a3995ae9e5213d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738934.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.8],[6.92,11.92],[12.04,21.72],[21.84,29.08],[29.2,32.4],[32.52,39.68],[39.8,42.72]],"texts":["The alternating sum of Betti numbers, which represent the rank of this type of structure, gives the topological definition of the Euler characteristic.","Showing that a topological space is simply connected is the same as showing that one of these structures is trivial.","That one of these structures is defined on the given space as the set of all the equivalent paths that start and end at the same point and can be used to differentiate between the 2-sphere and the torus.","Felix Klein asserted that the definition of geometry was the study of invariants of the \"transformation\" type of these structures in his Erlangen program.","Adding inverse elements to monoids generates these structures.","For 10 points, name these structures consisting of a single associative binary operation and a set that contains an identity and inverse elements,","the simplest example of which are the integers under addition."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a34.json b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a34.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d7d79d81abe0f0a1b0adfc19989256db3a6f5fe1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a34.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.28],[4.4,8.36],[8.48,16.28],[16.4,23.36],[23.48,30.2],[30.32,36.72],[36.84,40.68]],"texts":["An uncommon myth describes this figure's clash with the Great Tom Cat under the ished tree.","Because he was born from his mother's saliva, Romans believed his name meant,","\"he who was spat out.\" Priests created wax sculptures of this character in order to burn them while reciting spells from a text found in the Bremner-Rhind Papyrus.","This character has a head made of flint, and he is sometimes depicted with twelve heads that represent the souls that are freed when he is defeated.","During the tenth hour of the Book of Gates, fourteen deities use magical nets to control this figure while Geb ties chains around him.","Mehen's coils defend against this creature, who often clashes with Set and other gods standing at the prow of the solar barque.","For 10 points, name this serpent god who attacks Ra each night."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df3ddba2602b93e0408234.json b/tossups/34/62df3ddba2602b93e0408234.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a51a1f26f2753ff75d55dd0ea2f27f7462d1289
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df3ddba2602b93e0408234.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.2],[3.32,13.04],[13.16,22.76],[22.88,29.56],[29.68,37.8],[37.92,41.92]],"texts":["Gianfranco Poggi wrote a book about it and the modern mind,","while Carl Menger tried to explain it with his \"regression theorem.\" The way it interacts with one's web of social relations is the subject of a book on the \"Social Meaning of It\" by Viviana Zelizer.","By contrast, a volume on the \"State Theory of It\" written by Friedrich Knapp emphasized its constructed nature, an idea which Max Weber would criticize in Economy and Society.","John Kenneth Galbraith wrote a book subtitled \"Whence It Came, Where It Went\" referring to it in the context of the oil crisis of the 1970s.","It functions by occupying a middle distance according to \"The Philosophy of It\", written by Georg Simmel, while Gresham's law states that its bad form drives out its good form.","For 10 points, identify this medium which can be exchanged for goods and services."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76934.json b/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76934.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..03146a9e608c3b4ba6f3355441fc25f3c360c195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76934.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.52],[5.64,9.08],[9.2,13.92],[14.04,20.04],[20.16,26.28],[26.4,30.72],[30.84,34.12],[34.24,41.6]],"texts":["The Guggenheim-Smith equation gives this quantity as proportional to the square root of the molar orientation polarizability.","The direction of this vector quantity determines the kappa squared term in FRET.","For a molecule, this quantity changes when it undergoes scissoring, wagging, or rocking.","A selection rule for a quantum harmonic oscillator is that the integral of the operator for this quantity cannot be zero.","The cross product of this quantity with electric field equals torque, and the dot product equals negative potential energy.","The ratio of this quantity to the electric field has units volume and is called polarizability.","A molecule is polar if this quantity is nonzero.","For 10 points, name this quantity, measured in Debyes, that is the charge times the separation distance for two oppositely charged particles."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b34.json b/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b34.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb7ad5a4c65d2c2376b2fc1351bba1931c905df8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b34.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,11.76],[11.88,21.04],[21.16,27.96],[28.08,34.72],[34.84,39.96]],"texts":["The density of this quantity for a disk is often modelled using an exponential times a hyperbolic secant squared function.","For objects on the main sequence, this quantity is related to the mass by a 3.9-degree power law.","Taking four pi G M c times the mass of the photon, all over the Thompson scattering cross section, gives an upper bound for it, near which objects have strong radiation-driven winds.","Henrietta Leavitt discovered a relationship between this quantity and period for Cephied variables, allowing them to be used as standard candles.","It is bound by the Eddington limit and varies as the fourth power of temperature according to an application of the Stefan-Boltzmann equation.","For 10 points, name this measure of a stellar object that is the energy emitted during a unit of time."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d134.json b/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d134.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ef1180bdb63b479a32551db6efccabd10710b773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d134.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,17.12],[17.24,24.32],[24.44,33.72],[33.84,39.52]],"texts":["One of this composer's works has an epigraph from Henri de Regnier that describes a laughing river god; that piece is his Fountains.","He paid homage to Schubert in his eight Valses nobles et sentimentales, and composed \"Lever du jour,\" often translated as \"Daybreak,\" for a ballet based on a book by Longus.","He composed movements representing a mermaid, a guillotine, and a malevolent dwarf for a work inspired by three poems by Aloysius Bertrand.","This composer of Gaspard de la Nuit also wrote an 1899 piano piece evoking a 17th century Spanish dance, which he titled Pavane for a Dead Princess.","For 10 points, name this French composer of a repetitive work underpinned by a snare drum ostinato, Bolero."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d234.json b/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d234.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2c1badef57d5017789be8f939a0eb848110078df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df8012e66cc66ca571d234.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.88],[4.0,10.0],[10.12,16.32],[16.44,22.68],[22.8,29.24],[29.36,33.36],[33.48,36.8]],"texts":["One stretch of this river flows through a volcanic region called the Singu Plateau.","A series of seven controversial dams are planned for construction on this river, the largest of which is the Myitsone dam.","The Taping and Chindwin are tributaries of this river which is formed by the confluence of the Mali and N'mai rivers.","This river is also home to and names a certain type of beakless dolphin that shares many physical features with the beluga whale.","The delta of the Salween River lies about one hundred miles east of the delta of this river, which flows into the Andaman Sea.","Yangon lies in the delta of this river, while the largest city on it is Mandalay.","For 10 points, name this longest river in Myanmar."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75734.json b/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75734.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b38e4fb24d73605925c2fdd93b989065f02c4d46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75734.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.04],[10.16,12.6],[12.72,15.24],[15.36,21.72],[21.84,27.72],[27.84,35.4]],"texts":["One political cartoon about this man shows him \"slaying the many headed monster,\" one head of which wears a top hat with the word \"Penn.\" This president nominated John McLean to the Supreme Court,","and the case Charles River Bridge v.","Warren Bridge was heard during his administration.","This man was accused of bigamy by opponents due to a misunderstanding about a divorce from Lewis Robards by this man's wife, Rachel.","A deranged English housepainter named Richard Lawrence would have assassinated this president had both of Lawrence's pistols not misfired.","He won his first term four years after losing to John Quincy Adams in the \"corrupt bargain.\" For 10 points, name this seventh President of the United States."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75a34.json b/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75a34.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7ee98f2be40f3c8a7439061577c9f64a2cb02991
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/34/62df83920c3a38102cd75a34.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.08],[5.2,11.2],[11.32,15.88],[16.0,19.72],[19.84,28.8],[28.92,31.12],[31.24,35.88]],"texts":["The roof of this structure has grass growing in the widely spaced joints created by sand covered with concrete.","The aqua-tiled bath tub in this structure's master bedroom stands in contrast to the utilitarian simplicity of its kitchen.","This structure's window-lined facade is separated from its load-bearing columns, called pilotes.","This structure's sun room overlooks a ramp that provides ventilation.","Its reinforced-concrete construction enables its \"free plan,\" which was crucial to its designer's concept of a \"Machine for Living.\" It exemplifies the \"Five Points\" of its designer,","who placed this structure in Poissy, France.","For 10 points, name this International Style residence, designed by Le Corbusier."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/34/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37834.json b/tossups/34/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37834.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..19866cf90df7db8096cab8e286b1853fc32ac4b1
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diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95645.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95645.json
new file mode 100644
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95745.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95745.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.32],[6.44,16.8],[16.92,19.8],[19.92,28.96],[29.08,37.76],[37.88,47.32],[47.44,53.0]],"texts":["This scientist came up with a \"geological thermometer\" to determine at what temperature various minerals deposited salts on the ocean foor.","By setting the derivative of Gibbs free energy with respect to extent of reaction equal to change in G plus the product of the gas constant, temperature, and the natural log of the reaction quotient,","one can compute the value of G using this man's isotherm.","He was censured for his book Chemistry in Space, in which he proposed imagining the bonds of a carbon atom pointing to the corners of a tetrahedron, in the earliest elucidation of stereochemistry.","This scientist's namesake equation sets the standard enthalpy change over R T squared equal to the derivative of the natural log of the equilibrium constant with respect to temperature.","This winner of the frst Chemistry Nobel names a quantity used to denote the number of particles a solute contributes to a solution, symbolized lower-case \"i.\" For 10 points,","name this Dutch physical chemist and namesake of a \"factor\" impacting colligative properties."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95845.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95845.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.04],[7.16,14.36],[14.48,20.48],[20.6,26.8],[26.92,30.32],[30.44,37.56],[37.68,43.24],[43.36,50.88],[51.0,54.28]],"texts":["Moreau et al developed the frst blood test for asymptomatic children at risk for this condition, which tests the cellular re-sponse to melatonin.","Stuart Weinstein led a series of longitudinal studies over ffy years at the University of Iowa investigating patients with this condition.","Ehlers-Danlos, Prader-Willi, and Marfan syndrome can all induce the \"syndromic\" subtype of this condition.","It's not related to the brain, but severe cases of cerebral palsy can induce a correspondingly severe secondary form of this condition.","The Cobb angle is primarily used to assess the severity of this condition.","The Weinstein study proved that this condition's most common \"late-onset idiopathic\" form is mostly harmless and self-limiting, but in severe cases,","when 1 this condition pressures the heart and reduces lung capacity, surgery and bracing are required.","This condition is similar to lor-dosis and kyphosis, but it can be distinguished by taking a chest X-ray from the rear and noticing an \"S\" shape.","For 10 points, name this deformity, a curving of the spine."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95945.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95945.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95945.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.64],[4.76,13.28],[13.4,15.8],[15.92,23.28],[23.4,28.44],[28.56,37.32],[37.44,43.8]],"texts":["This ruler died from an arrow wound he received while trying to quash the rebellion of Ying Bu.","Early in his reign, he per-sonally led armies through the snow to Pingcheng in order to fght the Battle of Baideng, but his loss there forced him to agree to the \"heqin\" agreement,","which set up a marriage alliance with Modu Chanyu.","He was nearly assassinated during an incident called the Feast at Hong Gate, but he escaped in the middle of the banquet to avoid being attacked by the forces of Xiang Yu.","Late in life, he favored Lady Qi as concubine, though she was murdered by his Empress afer his death.","This ruler, who was originally a supervisor of convicts in Pei County, initiated a four-year war against Xiang called the Chu-Han Contention, afer the collapse of the previous dynasty.","For 10 points, name this peasant farmer who rose from the ranks of commoner to establish the Han Dynasty in 202 BC."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b45.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b45.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c73134bafb7193e69cd101b1dd6a69c67d113d0e
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.04],[8.16,18.68],[18.8,23.88],[24.0,30.32],[30.44,37.48],[37.6,45.12],[45.24,50.88]],"texts":["This writer gave a lecture stating that the hidden treasuries are a library's books, which he suggests men use to find a \"position in life.\" In another lecture,","this writer stated that man's intellect is for creation, conquest and adventure, while a woman's intellect is for sweet ordering and decision, and that a woman's greatest function is Praise.","This writer penned a series of epistles to the workers of Great Britain in his last work, Fors Clavigera.","This author included \"Of Kings' Treasuries\" and \"Of Queen's Gardens\" in his collection Sesame and Lilies.","In another work, he cites Oliver Wendell Holmes' line about a golden crocus to define the error of ascribing human emotions to inanimate things,","which he calls the \"pathetic fallacy.\" That five-volume work by this writer defends the landscapes of J.M.W. Turner over the old masters.","For 10 points, name this author of Modern Painters and The Stones of Venice, a Victorian art critic."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c45.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c45.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4b192532d832035bb0f83c1a99c816921eafa3d5
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.68],[7.8,12.4],[12.52,20.2],[20.32,26.52],[26.64,30.52],[30.64,35.6],[35.72,43.2]],"texts":["In this novel, a mangled female body is found in the street after being eaten by dogs, and when a woman stops to investigate, a group of trick-or-treating kids steal her purse.","That woman in this novel makes money by singing at Oscar Reo's bar, the Gilded Cage.","This novel begins with the protagonist walking in a graveyard and seeing the ghosts of people like Aldo Campione and Katrina Daugherty, whom he failed to save earlier in life.","The pivotal event in the protagonist's life occurred when he dropped and killed his infant son Gerald while trying to change his diapers,","an accident for which he exiled himself from his family for 22 years.","Rudy Kraut and Old Rosskam are the homeless friends of former baseball player Francis, the protagonist of this novel.","For 10 points, name this novel that follows Billy Phelan's Greatest Game as the final part of the Albany Cycle and was written by William Kennedy."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95d45.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95d45.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..52633f2223f7f1c95eb339d37f37b4a3e2a5e94a
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.48],[1.6,10.84],[10.96,15.48],[15.6,20.88],[21.0,26.92],[27.04,36.2],[36.32,42.32],[42.44,47.48]],"texts":["When this artwork is closed,","one can see kneeling donor portraits of Angelo Tani and Caterina Tanagli in front of grisaille statues of the Virgin and Child and reptilian demons clinging to the armor of Saint Michael.","Though it is not the Portinari altarpiece, Tommaso Portinari can be seen in this painting,","in which he is carried by an angel with peacock wings that is wearing a red brocaded robe and armor made of gold.","The left side of this painting features angels sitting on a Gothic facade, as people are led up a crystal staircase.","The center of this polyptych features a lily of mercy and red sword of justice levitating above the head of Jesus Christ, who appears in a red robe as he rests his feet on a sphere of gold.","The bottom of the central panel of this triptych features Saint Michael using a scale and crosier to separate the damned and the saved.","For 10 points, name this triptych depicting the end times, which was created by Hans Memling."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e45.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e45.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.76],[3.88,12.84],[12.96,13.84],[13.96,21.68],[21.8,26.12],[26.24,30.68],[30.8,34.44],[34.56,37.92],[38.04,45.28],[45.4,49.04]],"texts":["Arthur Nikisch premiered the second movement of this musical work as Blumenstuck.","Its penultimate movement, in F major, is marked \"cheerful in tempo and cheeky in expression\", and its final movement ends with thundering kettledrums to be played gesattigt, or \"with rich,","noble tone\".","This symphony's first movement features a solo tenor trombone theme that is followed by a rhythm played by offstage snare drums and a recurrence of its opening passage,","in which a group of horns play a theme adapted from the finale of Brahms's First Symphony.","An offstage flugelhorn interrupts the reprise of the scherzo in the third movement of this symphony.","Its fourth movement includes an alto soloist singing \"O man!","Take heed!\", a quote from Friedrich Nietzsche's \"Midnight Song\".","\"What the Flowers Tell Me\", \"What the Angels Tell Me\", and a 30-minute depiction of the \"awakening of Pan\" are among the six movements of this symphony.","For 10 points, name this longest symphony of Gustav Mahler."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f45.json b/tossups/45/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f45.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.72],[5.84,11.24],[11.36,16.88],[17.0,21.16],[21.28,29.92],[30.04,34.64],[34.76,39.72]],"texts":["The MEPE-ASARM peptides inhibit this process, which is upregulated by the five SIBLING proteins.","Expression of CBF-alpha-1, also known as RUNX2, is crucial for this process to occur.","A namesake sialoprotein may function as a guide for the accumulation of phosphate compounds during this process.","This process can proceed in either an intramembranous or an endochondral manner.","Collagen deficiencies can lead to a disease known as this process \"imperfecta.\" This process requires the formation of a cartilage layer, followed by mineralization.","When the rate of resorption is faster than the rate of this process, osteoporosis occurs.","For 10 points, name this process by which structures such as the fibula and femur are formed."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f50.json b/tossups/50/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f50.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.64],[5.76,10.56],[10.68,19.28],[19.4,21.12],[21.24,26.12],[26.24,34.04],[34.16,38.88]],"texts":["William Cornish claims authorship for a song composed in this city that was named for the stink that arose while dancing to it.","That song, Funky Butt, was composed by a man who frequented this city's Storyville saloons.","John Saint Cyr and Omer Simeon played in a jazz band in this city, whose leader controversially asserted that a prominent cornet player from this city actually played rag-time,","whereas he was playing jazz.","The Red Hot Peppers hailed from this city, as did the Original Dixieland Jazz Band.","\"Jelly Roll\" Morton called himself the \"Jazz King\" of this city, home to a trumpeter who sang about seeing \"trees of green and red roses too.\" For 10 points,","name this home city of Buddy Bolden and Louis Armstrong, where the Saints are known to go marching in."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8750.json b/tossups/50/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8750.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..22dbc02255438d13fc1016232e2c185cd38df51d
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+++ b/tossups/50/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8750.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.0],[6.12,12.52],[12.64,18.12],[18.24,23.96],[24.08,29.28],[29.4,36.92],[37.04,41.16]],"texts":["In September 2017, India began a project that would use the E5 series of these things in Mumbai and Ahmedabad.","In a classic example of pork-barrel politics, Tanaka Kakuei directed millions in government money to bring these things to Joetsu.","The first use of these things was scheduled to coincide with the opening of the 1964 Summer Olympics.","In 1987, the state-owned company that operates these things was privatized and became the JR Group.","After 2005, these things were able to operate in the Seikan Tunnel thanks to a dual-gauge extension.","These things, whose name literally means \"new trunk line,\" would run on the proposed Chuo line, which would operate maglev service from Tokyo to Nagoya.","For 10 points, name this extremely fast form of land transportation used in Japan."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae750.json b/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae750.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..24de25756174c1637a029a6e97bd2e7a864ce35b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae750.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.92],[5.04,6.36],[6.48,15.92],[16.04,20.16],[20.28,28.04],[28.16,34.68],[34.8,39.0]],"texts":["While doing this activity, a character eating mulberries tells the narrator he would \"sooner eat dirt\" than lie to him.","At the end of a novel,","the protagonist is doing this activity when he observes that a character is smiling for the first time since the news that he might have to return to an orphanage prompted a suicide attempt in a hotel's bathtub.","The phrase \"For you, a thousand times over\" is first said during this activity.","After a competition involving this activity, the narrator does not intervene when his friend and servant, a Hazara boy named Hassan, is raped in an alley.","A Thousand Splendid Suns is the follow-up to a novel titled for this activity about Amir, who moves to America from Afghanistan.","For 10 points, name this activity, which titles a novel by Khaled Hosseini."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae950.json b/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae950.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..05351e64cd03f238051df14c3f50a0c6fdc9fc8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae950.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.32],[3.44,15.52],[15.64,20.36],[20.48,26.16],[26.28,33.2],[33.32,38.12]],"texts":["In an essay titled \"Pity the sad legacy of\" this person,","one thinker argued that \"We are witnessing the postmodern version of the full scale gangsterization of the world.\" In the lecture \"Speaking in Tongues,\" Zadie Smith compared this person to Eliza Doolittle and describes this person's voice at different ages.","Cornel West has repeatedly attacked Ta-Nehisi Coates for his support of this politician's policies.","This politician described his life up to his enrollment at Harvard Law School in the memoir Dreams of My Father.","Shepherd Fairey designed a red, beige, and blue poster depicting this politician with the word \"Hope\" for this politician's 2008 campaign.","For 10 points, name this subject of the Coates essay \"My President Was Black.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aec50.json b/tossups/50/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aec50.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.08],[6.2,12.84],[12.96,22.36],[22.48,27.76],[27.88,33.8]],"texts":["In a novel set in this country, an alcoholic meteorologist commits suicide by driving his car in front of an oncoming train.","A character in a novel from this country is celebrated as a hero after jumping into a trench and attempting to stop a soldier from beating a pregnant woman.","In that novel set in this country, a man that led a hunger strike at Rira Camp is celebrated by General R and other members of \"The Movement.\" While his village celebrates Uhuru day,","this country's independence day celebration, Mugo admits that he betrayed the resistance leader Kihika.","For 10 points, name this country where A Grain of Wheat is set, which was written by native son Ngugi wa Thiong'o."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a50.json b/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a50.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..97a90338f099dff09e880671174ede7c863cccc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a50.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.48],[10.6,15.12],[15.24,27.4],[27.52,36.52],[36.64,45.48],[45.6,52.04]],"texts":["A 1907 composition with this title originated as incidental music to a Hjalmar Procope play, features an extensive flute solo in its second-movement Nocturne, and opens with an Oriental Procession.","That Sibelius composition with this title premiered at the same concert as his third symphony.","Another work with this title onomatopoeically pairs col legno violins and xylophones in a line mentioning wood and brass instruments with gold in a passage in which the baritone soloist exhorts \"praise ye the god of\" various things.","This composition was scored in part for two seven-piece brass bands to take advantage of musicians who were already performing Berlioz's Requiem at the 1931 Leeds Festival.","The chorus shouts the word \"Slain!\" at a climactic moment of this work, whose Osbert Sitwell-selected text includes elements of Psalm 137 and the Book of Daniel.","For 10 points, name this oratorio featuring a chilling depiction of the writing on the wall, a masterpiece by William Walton."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b50.json b/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b50.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00d3786dc157888d3c5b42c95b68b76ded553fc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b50.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.36],[5.48,14.0],[14.12,20.92],[21.04,25.48],[25.6,31.36],[31.48,36.52],[36.64,44.76]],"texts":["A ruler of this dynasty destroyed an idol at the Nagarkot temple and gave its pieces to butchers to be used as weights.","According to legend, that member of this family knelt to pray over a piece of grain dropped by a bird, so his prime minister planted it in his garden-years later,","the harvest from that grain was used to build this dynasty's \"Lentil Mosque.\" That ruler also composed poetry under the pseudonym Gul Rukh.","This family overthrew the short-lived Sayyid Dynasty that had been founded by Kizir Khan.","Its first ruler, Bahlul, created a succession crisis when he named his son Babrak as viceroy.","This dynasty founded the modern city of Agra as an alternate capital for its second ruler, Sikandar.","For 10 points, name this final ruling family of the Delhi Sultanate, which was defeated at the First Battle of Panipat after its leader Ibrahim was betrayed to the Mughals."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df3ddba2602b93e0408050.json b/tossups/50/62df3ddba2602b93e0408050.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f4cced18f1ea0ddf734e21ae48a3ea2221dfc932
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.16],[9.28,18.16],[18.28,20.4],[20.52,27.6],[27.72,37.2],[37.32,43.2]],"texts":["One individual commonly cited as a daughter of this figure was the spirit of Excuse, Prophasis, while a Corinthian nymph who was either the daughter or wife of this figure was Ephyra.","This figure's daughter was the mother of Protogeneia, Thyia, and the king Hellen, and that daughter previously consulted the oracle at Themis with her husband, the last Bronze Age man,","about how to repopulate the human race.","This figure's agreement with his brother that the latter would inspect this figure's handiwork eventually resulted in that brother's theft of a fennel-stalk from heaven.","That theft led to the creation of this son of Iapetus's wife, who would later bear him Pyrrha; he eventually accepted that clay wife from Hermes despite being warned not to by Zeus.","For 10 points, name this creator of animals in Greek mythology and husband of Pandora, the foolish brother of Prometheus."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df3ddba2602b93e0408150.json b/tossups/50/62df3ddba2602b93e0408150.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0ddbed1b3ac2894adcee8479ce1027e7013e1743
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.76],[1.88,17.56],[17.68,24.2],[24.32,30.64],[30.76,36.76]],"texts":["At the beginning of Act 3,","one character in this play asks her maid to sing \"When first Amintas charm'd my heart,/My heedless sheep began to stray\" and claims another character is possibly a tolerable \"blockhead.\" One character in this work accuses another of having had business \"with a vizard at the playhouse\" after they have a brief discussion with the Orange-Woman.","The protagonist takes Bellinda as mistress and disguises himself as \"Courtage\" to charm Lady Woodvil, whose daughter he wishes to marry.","At the end Bellair pairs off with Emilia, while Lady Lovewit is left bitter and alone when the protagonist marries Harriet.","Featuring a discussion of fashion between Sir Fopling Flutter and Dorimant, for 10 points, name this play by George Etherege."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df7ca243aee49db2f76850.json b/tossups/50/62df7ca243aee49db2f76850.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c646a42d787635f2a4a847f09db2da75a65912d5
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.24],[7.36,14.88],[15.0,23.36],[23.48,28.72]],"texts":["This man controversially asked \"do we want three more of the bastards out there?\" as a way of explaining why he didn't dismiss rebellious Cabinet members.","In a speech, this man kicked off the \"Back to Basics\" campaign as a way of fighting the sex scandals of such party members as David Mellor and Stephen Milligan.","During this man's ministry, the pound sterling was withdrawn from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism on Black Wednesday, and Britain supported American involvement in the first Gulf War.","For 10 points, name this Conservative British Prime Minister who succeeded Margaret Thatcher in 1990."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b50.json b/tossups/50/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b50.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.32],[6.44,12.28],[12.4,17.84],[17.96,25.44],[25.56,35.84]],"texts":["In one play by this author, Fred Clarke, a Senator's son, endeavors to convince the title character to blame her assault on a black man;","the political bent of that play enacts the call he made for \"committed literature\" in What is Literature?","In another play he wrote, the ruler of Argos removes a boulder once a year to let ghosts haunt his city.","This author, who created the sex worker Lizzie in The Respectful Prostitute, wrote a play in which Orestes refuses to feel guilt for killing Clytemnestra.","This writer used a room decorated with Second Empire Furniture as the backdrop for Garcin's realization that \"Hell is other people.\" For 10 points, name this author of The Flies and No Exit."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df8012e66cc66ca571d050.json b/tossups/50/62df8012e66cc66ca571d050.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df8012e66cc66ca571d150.json b/tossups/50/62df8012e66cc66ca571d150.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.64],[6.76,13.4],[13.52,20.92],[21.04,25.52],[25.64,29.8]],"texts":["A chapter of this work claims that the main way invisible evil is expulsed from society is through the sacrificing of public scapegoats.","Another chapter uses the \"Law of Contagion\" in order to describe the imitations societies use in practicing a \"sympathetic\" form of a key concept.","In another section of this work, the author claims that pots filled with clumps of earth and vegetables is evidence that Adonis is a god of vegetation.","It also discusses sympathetic magic and its relation with fertility cults and the king of the grove.","For 10 points, identify this \"study in magic and religion\" by James George Frazer."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.72],[5.84,11.36],[11.48,15.32],[15.44,24.24],[24.36,27.36],[27.48,32.8]],"texts":["The main setting of this novel is constructed by Thomas, an architect who hides a deed to a huge tract of land in Maine behind a portrait.","The son of that architect mesmerizes Alice in a failed attempt to reveal the location of that deed to Gervayse.","While telling the story of Alice, Holgrave accidentally hypnotizes Phoebe,","the descendant of a character in this novel who dies after being cursed with the sentence \"God will give him blood to drink.\" This novel ends with Clifford and Hepzibah leaving the title location,","which was built on the former land of Matthrew Maule by Colonel Pyncheon.","For 10 points, name this novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne which takes place in a mansion with the title features on its roof."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df83920c3a38102cd75950.json b/tossups/50/62df83920c3a38102cd75950.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.16],[10.28,12.28],[12.4,31.64],[31.76,40.76]],"texts":["A play by this author ends with the protagonist's wife Sarah urging him to \"blow on the coal of the heart.\" In a poem by this author, the speaker describes darkness rising over Ecbatan, Kermanshah,","Baghdad, and Palmyra,","and imagines lying \"face downward in the sun\" and feeling \"how swift how secretly the shadow of the night comes on.\" Another of this author's poems recommends that a work of art be \"wordless as the flight of birds\" and \"palpable and mute as a globed fruit.\" This author wrote a play in which Nickles and Mister Zuss put on the masks of Satan and God and watch the title character react to calamities originally visited upon Job.","For 10 points, name this author of \"You, Andrew Marvell\" and J. B., an American poet who wrote \"a poem should not mean but be\" in \"Ars Poetica.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37750.json b/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37750.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.44],[6.56,10.88],[11.0,15.76],[15.88,20.28],[20.4,27.0],[27.12,32.76],[32.88,38.96]],"texts":["One character in this opera praises the attractiveness of his own feet, eyes, and nose in the aria \"Non siate ritrosi\".","In the aria \"Come scoglio\" one character compares her resolve to a rock.","Three of the characters sing \"Soave sia il vento\" as two others go off to war.","In one scene in this opera, some poisoned Albanians are cured with a magnet by Despina.","This opera also contains the aria \"Un'aura amorosa\" and sees one character accept a heart-shaped locket from a suitor.","Don Alfonso wins a hundred-sequin bet in this opera, thanks to the actions of Fiordiligi and Dorabella.","For 10 points, name this Mozart opera in which Ferrando and Guglielmo test their fiancees' faithfulness."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37950.json b/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37950.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cb2f0e2cfb127eed310013c6e3eac3dcd86990a6
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.12],[8.24,17.8],[17.92,22.16],[22.28,28.08],[28.2,32.2]],"texts":["This man once claimed to have dodged an assassin's bullet by diving over a fence, eliciting accusations that he was lying in what is called the Observatory Affair.","His loss of a legislative seat in 1958 began a period referred to as the \"desert crossing.\" In another office, he appointed his country's first female prime minister, Edith Cresson.","This leader abolished the death penalty with his first prime minister, Pierre Mauroy.","After a legislative election during his first term, he was forced into cohabitation with RPR leader Jacques Chirac.","For 10 points, name this Socialist and longest-serving president of France."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a50.json b/tossups/50/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a50.json
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df8ab610329be735a33e50.json b/tossups/50/62df8ab610329be735a33e50.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.08],[5.2,9.2],[9.32,13.48],[13.6,21.28],[21.4,25.28],[25.4,30.04]],"texts":["This hero consolidated power by ambushing and killing his fifty cousins, the Pallantides.","Cimon celebrated a military victory by bringing back the bones of this hero.","After committing rape in a bed of asparagus, he fathered Melanippus on Perigune.","This man lost part of his thigh after being ripped out of a chair by his relative, Heracles, who saved him from his ill-considered visit to the underworld with Pirithous.","This man married Phaedra after abandoning a woman who had helped him out with a ball of string.","For 10 points, name this Athenian hero who, with Ariadne's help, killed the Minotaur."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62df8ab610329be735a33f50.json b/tossups/50/62df8ab610329be735a33f50.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.64],[9.76,16.44],[16.56,23.76],[23.88,30.2],[30.32,34.4]],"texts":["In a novel set in this country, a small town is destroyed by followers of a sideshow freak called \"the Prince.\" This country is home to the author of The Melancholy of Resistance and Satantango.","The protagonist of another novel from this country is told, \"You're not a Jew, you're a Gentile kid,\" by his fellow prisoners at Zeitz,","and he concludes the novel by thinking that next time he is asked, he will talk about \"the happiness of the concentration camps.\" That novel is Fatelessness.","An author from this country who moved to England wrote a novel whose protagonist confesses to plotting against Number One after being tortured by Gletkin.","For 10 points, name this country home to Imre Kertesz and Arthur Koestler."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95650.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95650.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.08],[3.2,12.76],[12.88,22.6],[22.72,30.12],[30.24,38.24],[38.36,42.88],[43.0,49.28]],"texts":["According to a military treatise called the Strategikon,","these people are \"scoundrels\" and \"devious,\" but are also \"very experienced in military matters.\" A rebellion against these people led to establishment of the tribal union of Samo.","Their suc-cessful siege of Sirmium could not be repulsed by the emperor Tiberius II, and soon afer that they conquered Viminacium, but Tiberius' successor used the general Priscus to push them back.","A leader of these people, Bayan I, sufered several defeats at the hands of the Emperor Maurice, but was saved when Maurice was mutinied against by Phokas.","These people had fed from G¨okt¨urk rule under their Khagan Bayan, and displaced the Gepids and Lombards to establish a realm ofen named for the shape of their fortresses.","Eric of Friuli and Pepin of Italy destroyed that realm called the \"Ring\" of these peoples.","For 10 points, name this nomadic tribe that vied for power with the Bulgars and Slavs in the Sixth Century Balkan territories."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95750.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95750.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95750.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.8],[6.92,15.72],[15.84,22.28],[22.4,29.56],[29.68,36.88],[37.0,42.32],[42.44,46.92]],"texts":["The inductive heating power generated by eddy currents is directly proportional to the product of the magnetic perme-ability and this quantity,","and in the skin efect which gives rise to those eddy currents, the penetration depth is inversely pro-portional to the square root of the product of the permeability, resistivity, and this quantity.","The Kramers-Kronig relations express the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function as a function of this quantity.","The derivative of this quantity with respect to wavevector is the group velocity, and dispersion relations give this quantity as a function of wavevector.","An RLC circuit resonates when this value for a driving EMF is equal to one over the square root of the product of capacitance and inductance.","Below a critical value of this quantity, wave propagation does not occur in plasmas or in waveguides.","For 10 points, identify this quantity measured in inverse-seconds, or Hertz."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95850.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95850.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d45fb3d83be5aabfc7ecea9d6908ee858d59f8e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95850.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.44],[4.56,10.76],[10.88,15.0],[15.12,20.32],[20.44,25.0],[25.12,30.56],[30.68,37.76],[37.88,40.96],[41.08,48.84]],"texts":["A witness to this event published his letters under the title The Road of No Return,","and his photographs were made into a documentary by Carlo Massa entitled \"Destination Nowhere.\" Another account of this event,","called the \"Blue Book,\" was authored by James Bryce with historian Arnold Toynbee.","One of its survivors was a musician known as Komitas, who was driven to madness in its afermath.","The impetus for this event was the passing of the Tehcir Law, which led to the events of Red Sunday.","Despite the eforts of ambassador Henry Morgenthau Senior, the United States declined to intervene in this event.","This event was largely ordered by members of the Committee for Union and Progress, many of its casualties resulted from a forced march through the Syrian desert.","Its discussion was long prohibited by Article 301.","For 10 points, name this event in which Enver Pasha, an Ottoman general, orchestrated the extermination of a minority ethnic group in the early 20th Century."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95950.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95950.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e653d5545fabadea5eb526020f95f938381b5c45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95950.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.64],[5.76,10.52],[10.64,16.2],[16.32,21.8],[21.92,28.04],[28.16,36.16],[36.28,41.6],[41.72,48.44]],"texts":["One of these military campaigns saw General Samuel Spear attack Pigeon Hill with about a thousand men,","while another one ended afer Lloyd Wheaton captured a leader of the Savage Wing council at the town of Pembina.","The largest-scale one was planned by T.W. Sweeny and used an attacking force under George Owen Starr.","One of these eforts culminated in the Battle at Eccles Hill, while the frst one reportedly occurred at Campobello Island.","The most infuential battle of these cam-paigns was at the defensive fort of Limestone Ridge - that clash was the Battle of Ridgeway.","The perpetrators of these actions were ordered to be arrested for violating the Neutrality Act by generals like George Meade, and they ofen sought the assistance of men like Louis Riel.","These actions were sponsored by, and named for, an organization founded by John O'Mahony as a brotherhood.","For 10 points, name these attempts to invade British-ruled Canada, which were launched from U.S. soil by a certain Irish society."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a50.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a50.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37ccf520e49b974b4c266d72852e4253230a43e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a50.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.2],[6.32,11.64],[11.76,18.04],[18.16,27.52],[27.64,29.84],[29.96,39.24],[39.36,46.88]],"texts":["This man went on a survey expedition with his son Frank and the Reverend George Munro Grant, which is documented in the book Ocean to Ocean.","In 2000, the husband of Bharati Mukherjee, Clark Blaise, wrote a biography of this great man,","who was knighted for his work creating the \"All Red Line,\" the world's first ever cable along the floor of the Pacific Ocean.","This man also created a design adopted by James Morris, showing a bed of trilliums on the right against a brownish-red background, with the number three placed at all four corners;","that creation is the Three Penny Beaver.","This man, who thus created the first postage stamp used in all of Canada and founded the Royal Canadian Institute, is best known for an idea he developed when he missed a train in Ireland.","That idea of his was originally called \"Cosmic Time.\" For 10 points, name this Canadian railway engineer who invented time zones."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b50.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b50.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cabce1c09ed1b79832035b1e2cf5446149c1c42e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b50.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.16],[9.28,17.52],[17.64,26.32],[26.44,30.52],[30.64,39.12],[39.24,45.8]],"texts":["During this conflict, a group of five Benedictines, including Bishop Cassian Spiss, were waylaid and murdered by attackers who stole the bishop's mass kit, which was recovered in 1983.","One side in this conflict wore headbands of millet stalks, and were led by men called \"white hen\" in homage to the god Chimulungu, who was worshiped in the Songea District.","They called the opposing side \"red earth\" and referred to their military style as \"women's dance.\" The rebels in this conflict had success at Liwale and Samanga,","before the troops of Gustav von Gotzen decimated the Ngoni camp near Mahenge.","The rebel commander Kinjikitile Ngwale, supposedly possessed by the snake spirit Hongo, mixed castor oil into a potion that he promised would turn bullets to water.","For 10 points, name this 1905 revolt in German East Africa, which translates in Swahili as \"Water-Water.\""]}
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c50.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c50.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..07b6c690ea5a3c58d8e14b030123f05a751919ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95c50.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.2],[8.32,10.64],[10.76,18.96],[19.08,20.12],[20.24,27.76],[27.88,32.68],[32.8,38.92],[39.04,42.36],[42.48,47.8]],"texts":["During this battle, William Gladsdale, also called Glacidas, led a surprise attack on a bridge, but he allegedly died when the iron bars of a window lacerated his face,","after a small child fired a cannon at them.","The fighting at this battle was initiated by Thomas de Montacute, the Earl of Salisbury, who also died from a cannon wound while storming the Tournelles and was replaced by William de la Pole,","Earl of Suffolk.","John Fastolfe laid a trap during a part of this clash called the Battle of the Herrings, where the Count de Clermont tried and failed to capture a cache of salted fish.","His army was led by the bastard son of a duke whose death prompted the Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War.","A council at Chinon approved the involvement of another commander, who entered the central locale by taking a ship down the Loire River,","before rallying the people and storming English forts around that city.","For 10 points, name this turning point of the Hundred Years' War, a siege that was relieved by Joan of Arc."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96250.json b/tossups/50/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96250.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.32],[8.44,15.8],[15.92,21.92],[22.04,25.68]],"texts":["In one of this author's stories, a rural worker who leads a second life as a poacher has his attempts at redemption repeatedly foiled by the thought of his enemy Dick Jackson.","Job Legh collects insects in a novel by this author, in which the main story follows the reconciliation between a mill-owning and a mill-working family.","As well as Mary Barton, this author wrote a novel in which Margaret Hale falls in love with Mr Thornton and sheds some of her assumptions about the North.","For 10 points, identify this author of Cranford and North and South."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.2],[4.32,11.2],[11.32,18.12],[18.24,24.56],[24.68,29.2],[29.32,34.12]],"texts":["David Attwell's interviews with this author appear in the essay collection Doubling the Point.","A novel by this author includes eight \"lessons,\" the sixth of which centers on Paul West's book The Very Rich Hours of Count von Stauffenberg.","The last line of a novel by this author states \"Yes, I am giving him up\", referring to an injured dog that a man is about to euthanize.","This author created a character who delivers a lecture on animal rights, and who gained fame with her novel The House on Eccles Street.","He wrote a novel in which an affair with a student ends the career of a professor named David Lurie.","For 10 points, name this South African author of Elizabeth Costello and Disgrace."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f55.json b/tossups/55/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f55.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/55/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4f55.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.84],[8.96,13.16],[13.28,21.0],[21.12,27.16],[27.28,33.0]],"texts":["During this war, a man known only as \"The Boss\" became rich because he fused with an animal with a star on its back, in a novel in the \"trilogy of the Rat.\" In another novel,","a young man witnesses a woman add her breast milk to tea for a soldier going to this war.","An elderly lieutenant recounts how, in this war, he was forced to watch his comrade be skinned alive before the Battle of Nomonhan, in the novel The Wind-up Bird Chronicle.","In another novel, Mizoguchi finishes the job a few years after this war fails to burn down the Temple of the Golden Pavilion.","For 10 points, name this war in which the author Yukio Mishima was drafted to serve the Imperial Japanese Army."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8755.json b/tossups/55/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8755.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a8755.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,12.52],[12.64,15.16],[15.28,22.92],[23.04,27.92],[28.04,33.36],[33.48,38.24]],"texts":["The Ten Commandments of this organization stipulated that its members must be available for it \"even if his wife's about to give birth.\" A 1963 car bombing called the Ciaculli Massacre led to a series of high-profile prosecutions of this organization's members.","John Dickie wrote a history of this organization,","which was flushed out in the Siege of Gangi by an \"Iron Prefect.\" A crackdown on this organization prompted an urban legend about its cooperation with Operation Husky.","The area in which this organization operated originated the code of silence known as omerta.","During Prohibition, members of this group emigrated to America and consolidated into the Five Families.","For 10 points, name this syndicate that still controls many businesses and politicians around Palermo."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae555.json b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae555.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.6],[9.72,17.6],[17.72,23.04],[23.16,29.92],[30.04,37.16],[37.28,42.28]],"texts":["Translations differ over whether to use the word \"paler\" or \"greener...than grass\" in rendering a line by this poet about a speaker who is seized by a cold sweat and seems \"nearly to have died\".","Another poem by this author notes how others consider cavalry, foot soldiers, or fleets to be the most beautiful sights, but the author thinks it's \"whatever you love best\".","This author's poem about parting with a lover who weaves garlands inspired a symbolic meaning of the violet.","The line \"he seems to me to be equal to the gods\" opens Poem 31 by this author, which was quoted by Longinus.","A description of a \"many-colored\" \"throne\" or \"mind\" opens a poem by this author which implores the title goddess to make another return her love.","Odes to Anactoria and Aphrodite were written by, for 10 points, what poet from Lesbos?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae655.json b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae655.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98b8b1704a4cd42b5ce40fbeed7fe691f76bb596
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae655.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.64],[5.76,12.12],[12.24,17.76],[17.88,23.52],[23.64,31.08],[31.2,33.92],[34.04,40.48]],"texts":["In a 2003 novel, this character recalls selling cigarettes to pay for an operation on her grandmother's nose.","This character serves tea to six old women who discuss the title euphemism for vaginal surgery in that novel, Embroideries.","In another work, this character parodies Michelangelo's Pieta by drawing Mary holding a dead soldier to gain admission to art school.","In that work, she reads the Marxist comic \"Dialectical Materialism\" and is mentored by her uncle Anoosh.","This author returns to her home country and sees her friend Nami fall off a building, after a wine-drinking party is shut down by religious police,","in a work which depicts her move to Vienna at age 14.","For 10 points, what author wrote about coming of age during the 1979 Islamic Revolution in her graphic novel Persepolis?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae755.json b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae755.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a4b1b0bbdbd607df1b4f02f3556713b32e6397e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae755.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.52],[5.64,12.96],[13.08,18.28],[18.4,21.0],[21.12,29.32],[29.44,34.76],[34.88,40.16]],"texts":["ELENA is a ring-shaped device at this facility designed to produce the \"extra low energy\" type of a certain particle.","That particle is the heavier of two constituent molecules whose freefall acceleration researchers at this facility are measuring in the GBAR experiment.","Another set of experiments conducted at this facility produced the first evidence of the W and Z bosons.","Those were the UA1 and UA2 experiments.","Experiments at this facility commonly make use of a device in which an iridium rod is targeted with beams of protons and anti-protons accelerated in a synchrotron.","In 2012, researchers at this facility announced the discovery of the Higgs Boson.","For 10 points, name this facility near Geneva that houses the world's largest high-energy particle collider."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae855.json b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae855.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae855.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,14.8],[14.92,22.4],[22.52,30.52],[30.64,38.24]],"texts":["A book by William Urricchio and Susanne Kinnebrock titled for the \"Cultures\" of these entities analyzes how they have changed in the aftermath of 9/11.","In a 1946 paper, two sociologists argued that one type of these entities caused \"narcotizing dysfunction,\" where the populace substitutes knowledge for action.","One of those sociologists, Paul Lazarsfeld, argued that information passing through one of these entities undergoes a two-step flow of communication.","A book titled Understanding these entities argued for dividing them into \"hot\" and \"cool\" varieties based on their ease of use and level of engagement.","For 10 points, name these entities used for communication studied by Marshall McLuhan, whose \"social\" varities include platforms like Facebook and Twitter."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae955.json b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae955.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae955.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.04],[5.16,11.8],[11.92,17.88],[18.0,24.08],[24.2,29.96],[30.08,35.12]],"texts":["One epic poem from this country is based on a J.P.C. de Florian novel about Numa Pompelius.","According to Henry Adams Bellows, one poem from this country was reduced to only 22 stanzas due to the absence of the Great Lacuna.","Another poem from this country features the men High, Just-as-High, and Third answering questions from a disguised King Gylfi.","In another poem from this country, a god stabs a woman with a \"sleeping thorn\" and earlier placed a sword in a sacred oak.","That poem from this country also depicts a hero flying through a ring of fire to rescue that aforementioned woman, Brynhild.","For 10 points, the Prose and Poetic Eddas were written in what island country, the home of Snorri Sturluson?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738955.json b/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738955.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f74dbfb3d9e3499bdf02fbe383d118fbfa10c16b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738955.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.24],[4.36,11.68],[11.8,17.8],[17.92,24.84],[24.96,31.6],[31.72,38.64],[38.76,44.24]],"texts":["One story by this author opens with the chilling line \"Her honeymoon was one long,","cold shudder.\" Margaret Sayers Peden translated a story by this writer in which a group of characters sit on a bench and stare at a brick wall for most of the day.","This author wrote his first book Corals after returning from France and founding the Consistory of the Gay Sabre.","Jordan slashes the title object of one of this author's stories, and finds a large, swollen animal that had sucked the life out of his wife Alicia.","This author wrote a story in which the children of Mazzini and Berta are left mentally challenged after they contracted meningitis in infancy.","In that story by him, those four brothers watch as a servant handles the title animal, which inspires them to murder their younger sister.","For 10 points, name this author of \"The Feather Pillow\" and \"The Decapitated Chicken,\" a Uruguayan master of horror."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a55.json b/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738a55.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b55.json b/tossups/55/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738b55.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.44],[3.56,6.64],[6.76,14.56],[14.68,22.0],[22.12,27.12],[27.24,37.12],[37.24,43.64],[43.76,49.96]],"texts":["Diphenyl-2-butene can be used as an inhibitor of one of these enzymes.","The antibiotic linezolid weakly inhibits these enzymes.","One of these enzymes contains an \"entrance\" cavity and a \"substrate\" cavity separated by an isoleucine \"gate\" residue that rotates to allow the cavities to fuse.","Clorgiline and rasagiline are inhibitors of these flavin-dependent enzymes, which are also non-selectively inhibited by derivatives of hydrazine.","A gene that codes for one of these enzymes has been linked to aggressive behaviors, leading to its nickname,","the \"warrior gene.\" Patients taking inhibitors of these enzymes can experience a hypertensive crisis known as the \"cheese effect,\" since in absence of the inhibitor, these enzymes metabolize tyramine.","Inhibitors of the \"B\" and \"A\" type of these enzymes are used in treatments of Parkinson's disease or as antidepressants, respectively.","For 10 points, name this family of enzymes that oxidizes compounds like adrenaline, serotonin, and dopamine."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408055.json b/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408055.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,11.28],[11.4,19.44],[19.56,25.8],[25.92,32.36],[32.48,43.04]],"texts":["One of the final scenes in this novel depicts the estate of the protagonist being inspected by the clergy for the presence of idols, as three spinster sisters keep watch.","Another scene in the novel sees the protagonist visit the town after dinner with his priest with him.","That priest, Father Pirrone, visits his home village in one part of the novel to settle a family dispute and educate the villagers about the changing political landscape.","The protagonist's nephew joins the redshirts and boasts about this at a dinner party, much to the disgust of his cousin Concetta.","Angelica falls in love with the dashing Tancredi in the town of Donnafugata where the protagonist and his family are visiting.","Centering the Risorgimento's impact on a Sicilian family, for 10 points, name this novel about Prince Salina who goes by the titular animal nickname, a work of Giovanni Tomasi di Lampedusa."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408155.json b/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408155.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f53e48d50b42eb5311a3ecd0a1592f9cb2b8bd2f
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.64],[4.76,11.72],[11.84,18.44],[18.56,22.04],[22.16,25.28],[25.4,32.64],[32.76,39.76]],"texts":["The creator of this artwork partly drew on a concurrent portrait of its subject by Marie Benoist.","It came to be housed in a building designed by Giovanni Marchetti and in a room containing a ceiling fresco on the same subject by Domenico de Angelis.","A brief scandal erupted in 2007 when its artist was accused of taking plaster casts of his sitter's breasts, which proved false,","though he did design the crank in its wooden base that allowed it to be rotated.","The subject has a bracelet around her right arm, which supports her head,","and she holds an apple in her left hand in reference to the \"Judgment of Paris.\" She reclines on a Roman sofa and is nude above the waist.","For 10 points, name this sculpture that sought to equate its subject with Aphrodite, a work by Antonio Canova depicting the sister of Napoleon."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408255.json b/tossups/55/62df3ddba2602b93e0408255.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9be4aa39e9ed3ae8f669f8da22adbe6ab08c691c
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.36],[6.48,14.68],[14.8,21.6],[21.72,28.92],[29.04,33.8],[33.92,39.68]],"texts":["Under its rule, women had to acknowledge their husband, son, and father as their \"three lords\" and often kept a chastity dagger.","Catholics living in this empire's borders were often known as \"potters\" after having turned to pottery following the Chesa controversy and the resultant Catholic pogroms.","Under its greatest ruler, its fleet of Turtle ships grew and the establishment of hangul, the national alphabet, took place.","In its second half its power waned and it became known as the Hermit Kingdom, during which time its soldiers notably burned a U.S. ship at Keupsa Gate.","Reaching its zenith under Sejong, it was founded by Taejo on the remnants of the Goryeo kingdom.","For 10 points, name this dynasty in power from 1392 to 1910 on the Korean Peninsula."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76855.json b/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76855.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d9558a9a3e1576adee517ed4cbc0d5a93af44dc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76855.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.04],[8.16,14.88],[15.0,23.84],[23.96,30.36],[30.48,35.8]],"texts":["A 2011 paper on these methods by Gigerenzer and Gassmeier stressed their \"ecological rationality\" and briefly summarized the \"one-clever-cue\" example of them.","These methods, which can fail due to \"attribute substitution,\" include a common one named for the representativness of a sample population.","The likelihood of an example coming to mind is weighted heavily in one of these named for \"availability,\" explaining why many people falsely believe that car crashes are rarer than plane crashes.","Along with biases, Daniel Kahneman studied these methods, which people use more frequently than algorithms or reason.","For 10 points, name these quick but often inaccurate mental \"rules of thumb\" used in decision-making."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76a55.json b/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76a55.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c16931cbdea3300945fd317c64b22aacf5d23ac9
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,11.64],[11.76,17.96],[18.08,25.04],[25.16,28.68],[28.8,34.64]],"texts":["Luigi Albertini's thesis about this event was challenged by Fritz Fischer, who used the Septemberprogramm as evidence of goals in it.","A recent book by Christopher Clark claims to explain the \"how\" but not the \"why\" of this event.","Arno Mayer argued that this event's cause was less foreign policy and more the aristocracy's attempt to maintain domestic power.","Politicians after this event ended blamed its outcome on the \"November Criminals.\" Erich Ludendorff promulgated the Dolchstoss myth about its end,","which claimed Jews and communists had undermined the government's efforts.","For 10 points, name this event whose loser was assigned responsibility in the war guilt clause of the Treaty of Versailles."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b55.json b/tossups/55/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b55.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a9b2af09e2a62b469c28dbe6fa5842e5b3be29ab
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.32],[4.44,9.6],[9.72,16.08],[16.2,27.72],[27.84,31.8],[31.92,36.84],[36.96,40.92]],"texts":["This man's chief herdsman, Doeg, was responsible for murdering many priests.","While relieving himself in a cave, he has the very end of his robe cut off by one of his enemies.","The question \"is this man among the prophets?\" refers to incidents in which he joined ecstatic prophets playing music.","This person becomes irritated at a chant about him only slaying \"thousands\" as opposed to his future son-in-law slaying \"tens of thousands.\" He married his daughter Michal off to a man who supplied him with two hundred Philistine foreskins.","This man, the father of Jonathan, is calmed by a shepherd boy's harp playing.","That youth killed Goliath in service of this ruler, but this man eventually tried to kill David.","For 10 points, name this ruler from First Samuel, the first king of Israel."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df8012e66cc66ca571d055.json b/tossups/55/62df8012e66cc66ca571d055.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..60d0e36b6a10769a9b9f1286cb7d8387047e4266
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,11.96],[12.08,18.52],[18.64,23.48],[23.6,27.8],[27.92,35.6]],"texts":["Prior to this engagement, the losing commander stole all of the other side's treasure and prisoners of war at Sebastea.","Leading up to this battle, Arisiaghi, brother of one commander, captured Manuel, the nephew of the rival commander.","Troops under Roussel de Bailleul in Georgia did not participate in this battle because the losing monarch believed his enemy was in Persia.","Following this battle, General Andronikos Doukas returned home and proclaimed Michael VII emperor.","Fought near Lake Van, this battle saw the death of many members of the Varangian Guard.","For 10 points, name this 1071 disaster for the Byzantines, where Emperor Romanos IV was taken captive by the Seljuk Turks under Alp Arslan."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df8012e66cc66ca571d155.json b/tossups/55/62df8012e66cc66ca571d155.json
new file mode 100644
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df83920c3a38102cd75955.json b/tossups/55/62df83920c3a38102cd75955.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.04],[7.16,13.96],[14.08,20.88],[21.0,29.0]],"texts":["The so-called lemma of d'Alembert is an incomplete proof of this statement that can be completed using the Weierstrass extreme value theorem.","A more direct proof of it uses Rouche's theorem to show that a function with a known number of the values in question has the same number as the function of interest.","One corollary of this statement is that every polynomial with only real roots can be written a linear combination of linear and quadratic terms.","For 10 points, name this theorem that states that every polynomial over the complex numbers has at least one root, the basic result in an important branch of mathematics."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.6],[9.72,17.2],[17.32,23.64],[23.76,33.16],[33.28,39.6]],"texts":["While at Oxford, this man joined the Swiss National hockey team in 1922 and was known as \"Herr Zigzag.\" During his ministry, historian George Stanley designed an important national object.","This man's party took office with a successful slogan promising \"60 Days of Decision,\" as well as a call to accept nuclear-armed Bomarc missiles.","This man said his country's people \"do not need to be liberated\" after Charles de Gaulle gave a speech about freedom at Expo 67.","During his ministry, the Medical Care Act set up universal health care, and, despite protests from his predecessor John Diefenbaker, he introduced the Maple Leaf Flag.","For 10 points, name this Canadian Prime Minister who won a Nobel Peace Prize for his role in resolving the Suez Crisis."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a55.json b/tossups/55/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a55.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..940ea5abc3b418a0cd90a4c52b345d2300f083d9
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.4],[5.52,17.0],[17.12,19.76],[19.88,23.08],[23.2,27.52]],"texts":["This country's mythology includes a group of seven gods who sail on the \"treasure ship\" to hand out gifts on New Year's Day.","Its folktales also tell of birdlike monsters able to disguise themselves as \"mountain priests,\" whose name means \"heavenly dogs.\" Humans can escape another monster from this country's folklore by bowing and forcing it to bow back,","thus causing it to spill the water stored inside its head.","Monsters in this country's legends include the tengu and the kappa.","For 10 points, name this country which reveres kami like Amaterasu."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.72],[7.84,14.68],[14.8,20.88],[21.0,23.76],[23.88,29.0],[29.12,34.76],[34.88,39.32]],"texts":["For an RLC series circuit, a constant associated with this phenomenon can be calculated as attenuation divided by the resonant angular frequency.","That constant associated with this phenomenon is given by one-half the resistance times the square root of capacitance over inductance.","That constant is usually symbolized zeta or xi and is equivalent to one-half the reciprocal of the Q factor.","This phenomenon can create a function with a quasi-frequency.","When there is only one eigenvalue for the differential equation governing this phenomenon, it occurs critically.","It usually results in an exponentially-decaying sinusoidal position-time graph as amplitude decreases.","For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which energy is lost during harmonic oscillations."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95855.json b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95855.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,11.08],[11.2,16.08],[16.2,24.32],[24.44,29.0],[29.12,34.8],[34.92,39.4],[39.52,45.8],[45.92,49.92]],"texts":["One character in this play rattles of payments to peddlers like \"scourers,\" \"dealers in women's underclothing,\" \"shoemak-ers,\" \"slipper-makers,\" and \"cabinet-makers\" in a monologue about why it's imprudent to marry a poor woman without a dowry.","In this play's opening scene, a servant woman threatens to make a \"long capital letter\" of herself,","meaning that she'll hang herself so that she resembles the letter \"I.\" A key character in this play never appears, but in one scene the audience can hear her ofstage pangs of labor.","In a famous scene, its main character kills a rooster scratching the ground near the title object.","This play begins with a prologue spoken by the lares familiaris, or the household deity, of the main character,","who in its lost ending presumably blesses the marriage of Lyconides to his daughter Phaedria.","Lyconides's slave eventually steals the title ob-ject of this play, which is guarded well past the point of paranoia by Euclio.","For 10 points, name this comedy about a treasure, written by Plautus."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95955.json b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95955.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.84],[7.96,14.64],[14.76,22.28],[22.4,32.68],[32.8,40.16],[40.28,46.72],[46.84,52.8]],"texts":["The Baladin research group induced a hot spot in this substance and monitored its temperature rise with increased laser intensity by using a Raman spectrometer as a thermometer.","It's not a hydrocarbon, but this substance is commonly analyzed using Clar's sextet rule due to each unit having two delocalized pi electrons.","This substance exhibits an unusual anomalous quantum Hall efect with four times the normal conductivity, shifed by a factor of1 2.","Hydrazine refux is ofen used to create this substance from an oxide known as SLGO, though this substance is usually synthesized by chemical vapor deposition on copper and nickel surfaces.","Despite the fact that its conduction and valence bands touch, this substance is ofen visualized as a honeycomb lattice of fused benzene rings.","Scientifc interest in this substance was sparked by Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov's 2004 experiment with a piece of Scotch tape.","For 10 points, name two-dimensional allotrope of carbon that can be made by slicing open a carbon nanotube."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a55.json b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95a55.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.48],[6.6,13.72],[13.84,18.4],[18.52,28.52],[28.64,29.68],[29.8,37.6],[37.72,42.48]],"texts":["According to the Theogony, a character of this name was kidnapped by Aphrodite not long after his birth to Eos and Cephalus.","A more famous figure of this name causes a serpent who was \"before not frightening to anyone\" to become agitated and leads Bootes to flee.","That account of this figure also describes the inscription on this figure's tomb near the Po river.","In that tale of this figure, which follows a challenge by Epaphus to this figure, his grandmother Tethys thrusts back the gates of a stable, out of which he drives the horses Pyrois, Eous, Aethon,","and Phlegon.","The actions of this character resulted in the Ethiopians'skin to turn black, the cold Triones to heat up, the earth to split open, and the seas to evaporate.","For 10 points, name this son of Clymene and Helios who tried to drive the chariot of the sun."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b55.json b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95b55.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.52],[5.64,15.6],[15.72,27.64],[27.76,33.88],[34.0,43.92]],"texts":["This man gives his name to a spectroscopic technique of using atomic collisions to narrow Doppler Broadening.","With his student H.M. Goldenberg, this scientist erroneously found that the sun had an oblate bulge of about 42 kilometers, though he later gave a tight limit on actual solar oblateness.","Those solar experiments were designed to a test a theory that features an equation that sets the covariant wave operator equal to 8 pi times the stress energy tensor divided by 3 plus two times this scientist's namesake coupling constant.","After he re-performed Lorand Eotvos's experiment to confirm that inertial mass and gravitational mass were indistinguishable,","this man and an alphabetically prior colleague developed a scalar-tensor alternative to general relativity For 10 points, name this cosmologist who proposed a theory of gravity with Carl Brans."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96255.json b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96255.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/55/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96255.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.24],[4.36,9.92],[10.04,13.88],[14.0,19.4],[19.52,24.84],[24.96,31.2]],"texts":["At one point in this novel, a boy with a rocket fixation masturbates into a condom.","Another character in this novel has an obsession with cleanliness that extends to trying to clean the inside of a bleach bottle.","The first chapter of this novel narrates the events behind the shot heard 'round the world.","This novel is characterised by its rotating cast of protagonists, who include Richard, the Highway Killer,","and a man whose adult conformity hides the spontaneity with which he killed a man as a teenager, Nick Shay.","For 10 points, identify this novel by Don DeLillo, centred on the symbols of the baseball and the radioactive core of a nuclear bomb."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/6a/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b6a.json b/tossups/6a/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b6a.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.32],[3.44,12.8],[12.92,20.28],[20.4,28.12],[28.24,32.6],[32.72,40.28]],"texts":["This work describes one event as a \"Platonic concept of hate\".","One section of this work notes that for this works subjects, incest is far more palatable than bestiality, and states that clumsiness is frowned upon because it makes people appear beast-like.","The author notes that he and his wife were initially \"invisible\" until they ran from a police raid, and also explicates the double meaning of the word \"sabung\".","The events described in this work are divided into 21 second periods, and are divided into ones with high stakes and large wagers and those without.","The participants in the title event have razors tied to their legs before being set against each other.","For 10 points, name this essay, an example of \"thick description\" that analyzes the role of the title illegal sporting events, by Clifford Geertz."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1c6a.json b/tossups/6a/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1c6a.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.32],[5.44,12.8],[12.92,22.08],[22.2,28.2],[28.32,37.48],[37.6,44.16]],"texts":["This organization was allegedly responsible for the construction and operation of the Metro-2 system.","Doubt that this organization actually published US Army Field Manual 30-31B resurfaced after the discovery of Operation Gladio.","This organization created a unit called the Vympel and carried out Operation Seat 12 against the Vatican and Operation INFEKTION, two disinformation campaigns.","Members of this organization used equipment such as the Kiss of Death, a lipstick pistol, and the Thing, a bug.","Successors to this organization include the SVR and the FSB, while predecessors to it include the NKVD, which similarly operated gulags.","For 10 points, name this organization once chaired by Yuri Andropov, the primary security agency of the old Soviet Union."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a876a.json b/tossups/6a/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a876a.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/6a/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a876a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.08],[8.2,13.48],[13.6,20.4],[20.52,25.04],[25.16,33.96],[34.08,42.12],[42.24,44.72]],"texts":["An essay titled for this practice presents a theory of mythology in which the seven worlds of the Great Chain of Being correspond to seven categories of archetypal imagery.","A \"parasitic\" view of this practice is argued against in the \"Polemical Introduction\" to a book titled for it.","Raymond Williams is one of several leftist figures analyzed in a work titled for this practice \"and Ideology\" by Terry Eagleton.","The \"principles\" of this practice are outlined in the magnum opus of I. A. Richards.","A 1957 book titled for this practice consists of essays on its \"archetypal,\" \"rhetorical,\" \"ethical,\" and \"historical\" forms, and was written by a Canadian academic.","Northrop Frye's magnum opus is titled after the \"Anatomy of,\" for 10 points, what academic practice, which has \"New\" Variety that was practiced by Cleanth Brooks,","and which involves judging literary works?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed6a.json b/tossups/6a/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed6a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aaaac11bd0057ab78681e59a9d703d86c8522ae5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed6a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,12.24],[12.36,17.56],[17.68,26.6],[26.72,31.48],[31.6,36.48]],"texts":["The phrase \"I'm in training, don't this action\" is written on a shirt worn by Claude Cahun in one of her self-portrait photographs.","It's not drinking, but an early \"rayograph\" shows hands imposed on the face of Kiki de Montparnasse doing this action with Man Ray.","A graffiti painting by Dmitri Vrubel depicts two men doing this action and was on the East side of the Berlin Wall.","George Mendosa and Greta Zimmer Friedman are the most widely accepted claimants for a famous photo of this action; that 1945 photo, which Friedman claimed was not consensual,","captured her in a dental hygienist uniform with a sailor in front of a celebrating crowd in New York.","For 10 points, what action is depicted in Alfred Eisenstaedt's photo V-J Day in Times Square?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73876a.json b/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73876a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a02b9b7b53eeb060c90b3ef8ca137b47bb022d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73876a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,16.84],[16.96,26.8],[26.92,37.04],[37.16,44.72]],"texts":["This book's twelfth chapter discusses how John Locke's \"Law of Opinion\" was also called the \"Law of Private Censure\" and how Pierre Bayle formed a \"philosophical law.\" This book quotes Kant's What is Enlightenment? to argue that liberating individuals from their state of \"tutelage\" is inherently a social activity.","This work, its author's habilitation thesis, argues that leisure in the title entity arose with \"bourgeois self-interpretation,\" leading to a neo-mercantilism and \"refeudalization\" of society.","It argues that capitalism caused the shift from an \"English king\" who presented himself \"as the embodiment of a Higher law,\" to \"rational-critical debate\" in locations such as coffeehouses and salons.","The Theory of Communicative Action updated, for 10 points, what 1962 Jurgen Habermas book about the evolution of Western discourse?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73886a.json b/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73886a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..857d023ff019698fece09b853a1338de96916176
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73886a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,20.36],[20.48,28.68],[28.8,35.4],[35.52,44.0],[44.12,49.08]],"texts":["An entry in this collection describes a \"System\" that \"strangles talent\" and \"poisons the soul\" and opens by describing a scene in which a mechanical monster abducts a child whose mother later muses \"I just can\"t get that monster out of my mind.\" Another piece in this collection ends by dubbing the title man\"s life \"a minor but perilous triumph of being over nothingness\" after earlier describing that man fidgeting with a book of poems by Mao.","This collection, which is divided into sections titled \"Lifestyles in the Golden Land,\" \"Personals\", and \"Seven Places of the Mind,\" contains \"Comrade Laski,","C.P.U.S.A. (M.-L.),\" and appears after the \"Introduction\" in We Tell Ourselves Stories in Order to Live.","A five-year old named Susan is fed acid and peyote by her mother in this collection\"s title essay, which describes the dissolution of San Francisco\"s Haight-Ashbury district.","For 10 points, name this essay collection by Joan Didion that takes its title from Yeats\" \"The Second Coming.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df3ddba2602b93e0407e6a.json b/tossups/6a/62df3ddba2602b93e0407e6a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a1e955233f02d29dd5be8a944788d3f3c813a874
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.12],[9.24,15.84],[15.96,24.08],[24.2,33.4],[33.52,43.0],[43.12,47.76]],"texts":["One program for analyzing data from this technique is DBW, which implements the Rietveld method of using least-squares to match a theoretical line profile to the experimental profile.","When theoretical spectra are missing, programs such as TOPAS, GSAS, and Fox can be used for de novostructure determination.","The Hall-Williamson method, based on the Scherrer equation and the Stokes-Wilson approximation, can be used to separate peak broadening caused by strain and by size.","During analysis, intensity is plotted as a function of \"2 theta\" or of \"q\", and a correction for \"texture\" may be applied if plates or rods align along the axis of the sample holder.","For 10 points, name this non-destructive analytic technique also used to study expansion tensors, lattice parameters, phase transitions, and crystallinity, which, for 10 points,","involves measuring the intensity of neutrons or X-rays as a function of scattering angle."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df3ddba2602b93e0407f6a.json b/tossups/6a/62df3ddba2602b93e0407f6a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..29af6e18b65cea583ac8c413746e9a58639eb47f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df3ddba2602b93e0407f6a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,11.28],[11.4,18.04],[18.16,27.92],[28.04,34.6],[34.72,40.2],[40.32,45.2]],"texts":["This composer wrote a Canto Serioso for horn and piano and dedicated one of his works for chorus and orchestra to the \"Young Merchant's Society.\" One of this man's works ends with a series of variations on his hymn \"My Jesus,","make my heart to love thee.\" That work, in which each part was written to reflect the personality of the original performer, is a wind quintet.","He used only nine instruments in the \"Humoreske\" movement of his final symphony, while a visit to the Acropolis inspired a work representing the sun rising over the Aegean, the Helios Overture.","He featured a wordless vocal solo for baritone and soprano in the \"Andante pastorale\" second movement of his Sinfonia Espansiva.","This composer of Sinfonia Semplice created a symphony that features a \"duel\" between two sets of timpani.","For 10 points, name this Danish composer of a symphony nicknamed The Inextinguishable."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df7ca243aee49db2f7696a.json b/tossups/6a/62df7ca243aee49db2f7696a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eaaa6d868e63a58f41b1bbd4becbe50c45660cc9
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.6],[4.72,10.32],[10.44,16.72],[16.84,20.24],[20.36,26.48],[26.6,35.8],[35.92,43.6]],"texts":["An artificial form of this protein contains a myristic acid molecule bound to lysine B29.","Mice with a particular mutation in carboxypeptidase E exhibit increased levels of the \"pro-\" form of this protein.","This protein's signaling leads to the closure of the Kir6.2 potassium channel, which is also called the sulfonyurea receptor.","Tumors secreting it can be diagnosed using a 72-hour fast.","A disease in which this protein is lacking in the blood is caused by autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.","Measuring the C-peptide level is a way of distinguishing between artificial and natural forms of this hormone, which decreases the flux of fatty acids from adipose tissue and inhibits gluconeogenesis.","For 10 points, name this protein produced in the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans, whose secretion or function is impaired in diabetics."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df8012e66cc66ca571d26a.json b/tossups/6a/62df8012e66cc66ca571d26a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9f4e392177c9e36b57dd3ae85f353e18d5fe7843
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df8012e66cc66ca571d26a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.48],[7.6,13.72],[13.84,19.84],[19.96,26.0],[26.12,30.76],[30.88,31.88],[32.0,33.28]],"texts":["This artist depicted some people walking between sand dunes in the background as a woman holds a black lamb and a basket beneath the title sculpture of one painting.","His forays into pottery include the Jug Self-portrait, which was a reaction to his relationship with a fellow artist.","He painted a group of church-going women dressed in black and white who see the scene of an angel wrestling Jacob in his Vision After the Sermon.","This artist of The Green Christ painted a young man reaching upwards for fruit in the center of a work which also depicts a blue idol.","For 10 points, name this artist whose travels in Tahiti inspired Where do we come from?","What are we?","Where are we going?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7576a.json b/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7576a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13243f671e75586d384e90c86692b9d27a40034a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7576a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.56],[5.68,14.16],[14.28,19.4],[19.52,24.68],[24.8,29.64],[29.76,33.6],[33.72,37.92]],"texts":["In his autobiography, this ruler described how he swam across every river he encountered, including the Ganges.","After this ruler was asked to invade a neighboring kingdom by Daulat Khan, he won a decisive battle due to artillery commanded by his generals Mustafa and Ustad Ali.","This Timurid prince briefly controlled Samarkand, but was driven from it by Shaibani Khan.","He defeated the Rajputs commanded by Rana Sanga at the Battle of Khanwa, giving him control over north India.","That victory occurred after he smashed the forces of Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat.","After his death in 1530, he was succeeded by his son Humayun.","For 10 points, name this founder of the Mughal Empire, the grandfather of Akbar."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7586a.json b/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7586a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a628b129b0976404a774ffe999e59cf540da027f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/6a/62df83920c3a38102cd7586a.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.56],[5.68,13.24],[13.36,22.0],[22.12,27.6],[27.72,34.96]],"texts":["Along with Chandler Owen, this man was a leader in the \"Garvey Must Go\" campaign and a founder of The Messenger magazine.","From 1960 to 1966, he was president of the Negro American Labor Council, which fought discrimination in the AFL-CIO.","Franklin Roosevelt's Executive Order 8802, which banned racial discrimination in the defense industry, was a result of this man's threat to lead a march on Washington.","This man became the first president of a union in 1925 in part because he was not a Pullman employee.","For 10 points, name this organizer of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters who was also the director of the 1963 March on Washington."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/6a/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3786a.json b/tossups/6a/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3786a.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..27dc9f76f29714403de5e2a9645f0ac600d4ae56
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.92],[7.04,15.28],[15.4,19.4],[19.52,27.6],[27.72,34.48]],"texts":["A group of nineteen of these creatures called the Zabaniah are responsible for torment, and a set of them called the \"Journeyers\" are tasked with seeking out assemblies.","A pair of these creatures called the Kiramin Katibin are responsible for recording deeds, and the appearance of one of these creatures twice in a single year prompted the Farewell Sermon.","These creatures are made of light, unlike jinns, who are made of smokeless fire.","The first appearance of one of these creatures is celebrated on the Night of Power, and during that event he repeatedly said \"read!\" to a person who replied \"I can't read.\" For 10 points,","name these creatures from Islamic mythology, including one which first appeared in a cave to Muhammad and dictated the Qu'ran, named Jibril."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/89/62df8012e66cc66ca571d189.json b/tossups/89/62df8012e66cc66ca571d189.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c191cee9d66438f4695b9c3a7cb098dc35c5d55e
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+++ b/tossups/89/62df8012e66cc66ca571d189.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,2.76],[2.88,7.4],[7.52,14.76],[14.88,20.96],[21.08,26.4],[26.52,29.84]],"texts":["This woman's father was himself the son of Procas.","She was punished by her uncle by being buried alive but her children were saved by the river god.","This woman was the daughter of King Numitor of Alba; Numitor was later overthrown by his brother Amulius who forced this woman to become a vestal virgin.","Despite that, she was impregnated by Mars and subsequently had her children raised by Acca Larentia and the shepherd god Faustulus.","This occurred after her children were given away by her husband Tiberinus to be suckled by Lupa, a she-wolf.","For 10 points, name this mythical mother of Romulus and Remus."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/tossups/89/62df83920c3a38102cd75989.json b/tossups/89/62df83920c3a38102cd75989.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.6],[7.72,13.72],[13.84,16.6],[16.72,23.8],[23.92,28.6]],"texts":["This painter depicted a string holding up a central clock in a painting that depicts a two-faced man, a vase of flowers, and a meeting of aquatic creatures.","This painter of Fish Magic showed a group of tan and yellow arch-like structures in his painting Viaducts Break Rank.","Walter Benjamin owned this painter's Angelus Novus,","which Benjamin claimed represented the \"angel of history.\" He also painted four stick-like animals opening their beaks atop a crank-driven apparatus.","For 10 points, name this longtime teacher at the Bauhaus who painted the Twittering Machine."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37789.json b/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37789.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37789.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.12],[10.24,14.4],[14.52,21.96],[22.08,30.2],[30.32,36.08]],"texts":["During this government, the song \"Dying of Hunger, Dying of Cold\" was written by \"Conspiracy of the Equals\" leader and proto-communist Francois-Noel Babeuf, whom this government had executed.","Two-thirds of the original members of this government had to come from the government that it replaced.","One uprising against this government was put down by a \"whiff of grapeshot.\" This government sent Napoleon to Egypt and survived the coup of 18 Fructidor.","Lazare Carnot and the vicomte de Barras served in this government's Council of Ancients, who worked with the Council of Five Hundred to pick this government's namesake group.","For 10 points, name this French revolutionary government that suceeded the National Convention and preceded the Consulate."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37889.json b/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37889.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..10c760a3bac82e7a4bae6491bb24e861670e6d1f
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.08],[5.2,13.08],[13.2,20.04],[20.16,22.96],[23.08,29.92],[30.04,37.96]],"texts":["This character preemptively creates an alibi for one action by resetting all the clocks at a friend's house.","At the beginning of the novel, this character sets off on his yellow horse with a letter of invitation and is knocked out by the companions of the \"man from Meung,\" who becomes his enemy.","This character nearly kills the Comte de Wardes on a trip to London with his servant Planchet and later pretends to be Wardes during a tryst,","when he discovers the fleur-de-lis branded on a woman's shoulder.","This character once comically schedules three duels at noon, 1 PM, and 2 PM, and falls in love with Milady de Winter.","A friend of Athos, Aramis, and Porthos, for 10 points, name this Gascon rascal, the protagonist of The Three Musketeers."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a89.json b/tossups/89/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a89.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.72],[4.84,13.28],[13.4,22.8],[22.92,31.32],[31.44,34.52]],"texts":["One of this author's poems describes four girls who encounter a starfish, a shell,","a \"horrible thing,\" and a \"smooth round stone\" before noting \"it's always ourselves we find in the sea.\" In another of his poems, he claims the addressee opens him \"petal by petal,","as Spring opens...her first rose\" and concludes \"nobody, not even the rain, has such small hands.\" This poet of \"maggie and milly and molly and may\" and \"somewhere I have never travelled,","gladly beyond\" described how \"someones married their everyones and laughed their cryings and did their dance\" in \"anyone lived in a pretty how town.\" For 10 points,","name this poet known for eschewing grammar and punctuation."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a33d89.json b/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a33d89.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a33d89.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.52],[4.64,11.56],[11.68,18.56],[18.68,24.72],[24.84,29.16],[29.28,35.08]],"texts":["Harry Reid was incorrect in his belief that one of these items was found at Bolling Air Force Base.","The person likely responsible for these items was earlier accused of multiple counts of child molestation and lost in a 2007 election to Steve Holland.","The original person thought to be responsible for these items sang a Randy Travis song to Christi McCoy and works as an Elvis impersonator.","These items ended, \"I am KC and I approve this message,\" which led to the arrest of Paul Kevin Curtis.","J. Everett Dutschke is believed to have sent these items to Roger Wicker and Barack Obama.","For 10 points, name these items mailed in April 2013 that contained a poisonous extract from castor beans."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a33f89.json b/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a33f89.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.16],[4.28,10.48],[10.6,17.28],[17.4,22.6],[22.72,31.76],[31.88,37.6]],"texts":["One of these works by this composer commemorated an eruption of Vesuvius.","Another of these works by this composer pitted against an Offenbach piece at the \"Concordia Ball\" was given the nickname Morning Papers.","The opening bars of another of these works by this composer were scribbled with the words \"Alas, not by Johannes Brahms\" on a postcard.","Several of them are marked as laendler-style, including one which features a virtuoso zither solo.","They include the originally choral Wine, Woman, and Song and one that opens with A major tremolo violins that plays during the space station docking sequence in 2001: A Space Odyssey.","For 10 points, name these 3/4 pieces, such as The Blue Danube, composed by a Viennese \"king.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a34089.json b/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a34089.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..779af08f979baaed0d9deccd70d711ee084b5441
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/89/62df8ab610329be735a34089.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.6],[5.72,12.4],[12.52,18.4],[18.52,27.68],[27.8,32.44]],"texts":["A war between these two countries erupted after one country was destabilized by its king's death by monkey bite.","Each of these two countries agreed to give the other 1.5 million citizens in a population swap after a war they fought over the Megali Idea.","In 1999, the relationship between these two countries improved through mutual aid provided when each was struck by an earthquake.","In August 1923, both of these countries ratified the treaty of Lausanne, which ended a state of war between them that lasted for three years after World War I. For 10 points,","name these two countries that dispute the island of Cyprus and parts of the Anatolian peninsula."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f89.json b/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f89.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.32],[5.44,12.64],[12.76,17.52],[17.64,20.6],[20.72,29.88],[30.0,38.92]],"texts":["This idea constitutes a \"formal determining ground\" unlike the \"material determining grounds\" of the will.","Judge Raveh examines a defendant in a glass box on his \"household use\" of this idea in Chapter 8 of Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem.","Philippa Foot rejected this concept in favor of a \"System\" of weaker, \"hypothetical\" replacements.","Adherence to this idea allows a person to escape heteronomy.","One formulation of this idea envisions all men as legislators in the \"kingdom of ends.\" Its discoverer applied it to condemn masturbation as use of one's self as a means rather than an end.","For 10 points, name this principle that one should act only by maxims that can be willed as universal law, devised in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals by Immanuel Kant."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96089.json b/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96089.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aac06376696e502a154c92839a935db1d0980995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96089.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.6],[3.72,8.88],[9.0,16.92],[17.04,23.72],[23.84,31.48],[31.6,35.68],[35.8,41.76]],"texts":["A man in this novel marries the widow of a fellow matchbox cover collector.","In this novel's epilogue, the narrator visits a chapel and remarks on a \"small red flame\" burning,","which \"could not have been lit but for the builders and the tragedians.\" This novel's author's note reads \"I am not I: thou art not he or she:","they are not they.\" This novel's first section is titled for a phrase written on a skull in the narrator's dorm room,","\"Et in Arcadia Ego.\" This novel's narrator befriends a man who carries a teddy bear to Oxford, then gets divorced so he can marry Julia,","who changes her mind after her father's deathbed reconciliation with the Catholic Church.","For 10 points, name this novel in which Charles Ryder visits Sebastian Flyte at the title estate, written by Evelyn Waugh."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96189.json b/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96189.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e46225f498df5638bf5191acdd83b424eb1b3c6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/89/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba96189.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.4],[6.52,12.76],[12.88,20.56],[20.68,26.28],[26.4,29.68]],"texts":["In a novel by this author a man who lives on the Beach of Shadows marries a woman who was the first to receive the garments of chastity from Magis.","This author wrote of the abbot Jerome Coignard teaching the meat-vendor's son Jacques Menetrier in At the Sign of the Reine Pedauque.","Evariste Gamelin loves the watercolour-seller Elodie Blaise whilst serving as a juror on the Revolutionary Tribunal in this author's novel The Gods Are Athirst.","This author's best known work is one that sees a nearly blind monk mistakenly baptise a colony of great auks.","For 10 points, name this French author of Penguin Island."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b8d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b8d.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1b8d.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.84],[9.96,19.48],[19.6,25.76],[25.88,31.08],[31.2,34.2],[34.32,40.2]],"texts":["One protectionist economic program in this country called \"Think Big\" prompted two economic liberalization programs by successive governments called Ruthanasia and Rogernomics.","This country's Fourth National Government held a 1993 constitutional referendum that adopted a Mixed Member Proportional electoral system, making it the first Commonwealth country to do so.","One opposition leader in this country said a certain policy would be \"gone by lunchtime\" if he became prime minister;","that policy was this country becoming a nuclear-free zone during the Fourth Labour Government of David Lange.","The French DGSE blew up a Greenpeace ship in this country.","For 10 points, name this Pacific island nation that was the site of the bombing of the Rainbow Warrior in the harbour of Auckland."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1c8d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1c8d.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.0],[7.12,10.68],[10.8,18.24],[18.36,27.52],[27.64,32.72],[32.84,37.6]],"texts":["The product of one form of this quantity and the junction depth j is plotted against concentration on Irvin's curves; that is its \"sheet\" form.","This quantity decreases when photons hit a cadmium sulfide cell.","The quantum of this quantity is equal to the ratio of Planck's constant to the square of the elementary charge, which is a constant named for von Klitzing.","This quantity is proportional to the length and inversely proportional to cross sectional area, and this quantity times I squared gives the power radiated in Joule heating.","The derivative of voltage with respect to current gives this quantity, according to the most general form of Ohm's law.","For 10 points, name this quantity measured in Ohms, the inverse of conductance."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e8d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4e8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..287e99bcd6a60c4108c780062cd52c58c6fd3c09
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.44],[5.56,14.12],[14.24,22.16],[22.28,29.32],[29.44,36.96],[37.08,41.0]],"texts":["Narendra Modi's state visit to this city in 2016 was kicked off by a visit to its Masmak Fort.","In a speech marking a shift in tone, a world leader said in this city \"We are adopting a principled realism\" and called for attendees to \"drive them out!\" in reference to terrorists.","Many Internet commentators made fun of photos in this city that appeared to show several world leaders touching a map of the Earth, which looked like a weird glowing orb.","Abdel Fattah El-Sisi attended a two-day summit in this city in April 2017, which marked Donald Trump's first trip overseas;","those two leaders addressed numerous other Arab leaders in this capital city, including a man who replaced his half-brother as king here in 2015.","For 10 points, King Salman rules from what capital of Saudi Arabia?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a878d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a878d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..82af890e46b12b9f51a16fafc3cc27b8a0d786f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a878d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,11.28],[11.4,15.28],[15.4,21.84],[21.96,29.76],[29.88,38.8],[38.92,43.24],[43.36,47.2]],"texts":["An inscription records that a king of this empire threw the biggest rager of all time, with 10,000 measures of beer and 10,000 containers of wine serving 47,074 invitees.","The Black Obelisk from this empire is a contemporary source on Jehu's reign.","Accounts of invasions by this empire written by king Taharqa record that its armies had their bowstrings eaten by field mice.","This empire's first recorded king heavily propagandized his smashing of the Kassites and conquered the vassal rulers of the rump of the Mitanni kingdom;","that ruler was Adad-Nirari I. The \"Taylor,\" \"Oriental Institute,\" and \"Jerusalem\" Prisms contain the propagandistic \"Annals\" of a king of this empire,","which insist that Hezekiah was made a tributary subject and never dealt this empire a defeat.","For 10 points, name this empire led by Sennacherib and Ashurbanipal."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae58d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae58d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7dee6f2cc075a2559ebf058269e4d193d32c1287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae58d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.64],[4.76,11.08],[11.2,16.16],[16.28,21.36],[21.48,26.6],[26.72,28.92],[29.04,32.12],[32.24,36.48],[36.6,40.36]],"texts":["Offerings at a sanctuary in this location included knucklebones used for ritual gambling.","An annual procession to this location reportedly saw people inscribe letters with the ashes of burnt offerings that were unchanged when they returned.","This non-Delphi location had games honoring Apollo near a shrine to Delphic Apollo, the Pythion.","Various towns near this location, such as Leibethra, were ascribed the birth and burial of Orpheus.","Homer gives this location the epithet \"cloud-dark\" but says that it's surrounded by \"cloudless aether\".","This location is guarded by the Horae.","After his death, Heracles is allowed to enter this location.","Zeus sends a gadfly to prevent Bellerophon from reaching this location by stinging Pegasus.","For 10 points, name this mountain that's home to the Greek gods."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae68d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae68d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b96075a4b69ad6fcda0dab1f4c1456b2471be9c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae68d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.72],[7.84,18.16],[18.28,23.08],[23.2,28.2],[28.32,37.04],[37.16,41.68]],"texts":["Edwin Curley's book on this book's \"method\" explains its objective with this book's concluding remark that \"all things excellent are as difficult as they are rare\".","This book asserts \"a true idea must correspond with its ideate\" and \"everything which exists, exists either in itself or in something else\" in outlining seven guiding propositions.","Contra Descartes, it argues that substances can have both \"extension\" and \"thought\".","This book begins by defining that which is \"self-caused\" as something whose \"essence involves existence\".","It then deduces that God is a substance with infinite attributes and equates God with Nature, a pantheistic stance which got its author censured by Amsterdam's Jews.","Geometric methods are applied to philosophy in, for 10 points, what treatise by Baruch Spinoza?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae88d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae88d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bfd29e95513a17a4ce945a35732493a0f2ebd412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae88d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,13.76],[13.88,21.52],[21.64,26.72],[26.84,32.04],[32.16,36.0],[36.12,41.08]],"texts":["It's not in Italy, but this city is home to a chicken and potato dish cooked in white wine and olive oil known as chicken Vesuvio.","This non-Puerto Rican city is home to a steak sandwich made with aioli and tomato and served on fried and pressed green plantains.","In addition to the jibarito, this city is home to a brewery that makes the 312 wheat ale is located on its namesake Goose Island.","One of this city's most iconic dishes is said to be \"dragged through the garden\" due to the amount of toppings it has.","Italian immigrants in this city invented a roast beef sandwich served au jus with sweet peppers.","Those dishes are this city's style of hot dogs and the Italian beef sandwich.","For 10 points, name this midwestern city famous for its namesake kind of deep dish pizza."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeb8d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeb8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ad326adb60822cdd7bd8fc880433c30771f084a2
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+++ b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeb8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.88],[10.0,15.64],[15.76,19.04],[19.16,27.08],[27.2,33.28],[33.4,37.4]],"texts":["A painting by this artist titled for a religious scene has a nearly identical foreground to his other painting Kitchen Servant and was only discovered to depict the Supper at Emmaus after it was cleaned in the 1930s.","Two Rubens paintings depicting Ovid's Metamorphoses were reproduced above a doorway in a painting by this artist.","A woman in red cooks eggs in a genre scene by this artist.","A painting by this artist which was slashed by suffragette Mary Richardson depicts Cupid holding a pink ribbon and a mirror for the title nude woman to look at herself in.","This artist added a red cross to a depiction of himself contained inside a painting which depicts the Infanta Margarita.","For 10 points, name this Spanish artist of the Rokeby Venus and Las Meninas."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed8d.json b/tossups/8d/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aed8d.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.44],[6.56,18.76],[18.88,22.32],[22.44,31.08],[31.2,37.64]],"texts":["In a poetic manifesto, this man addresses an imaginary warrior with the lines \"there is a war between the mind and sky,","between thought and night and day...it is a war that never ends.\" The speaker of a poem from this man's first collection advocates for building a \"haunted heaven\" from a \"nave\" built from the \"moral law.\" This poet declared that \"poetry is the supreme fiction,","madame\" in a poem that may be titled for his religious mother.","A poem from this man's first collection asks the title man to \"whip in kitchen cups concupiscent curds\" and to \"call the roller of big cigars.\" For 10 points,","name this American poet whose collection Harmonium includes \"A High-Toned Old Christian Woman\" and \"The Emperor of Ice Cream.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73878d.json b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73878d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..da44211fa7e0da4bed778eae1fc07fbe105d2cfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73878d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.8],[1.92,8.76],[8.88,18.72],[18.84,26.36],[26.48,34.16],[34.28,41.76],[41.88,49.72]],"texts":["Composer and genre required.","Johnny Reinhard realized an unfinished example of these pieces, whose underlying rhythm is based on repeated \"basic units\" of sixteen seconds.","A \"distant choir\" of a harp and violins plays separately from the main orchestra in the final movement of the fourth of these pieces, which is so complex that it often requires multiple conductors.","One of these pieces includes a second movement \"comedy\" which juxtaposes a quiet pilgrims' hymn with cacophonous marches and popular songs.","The second one ends with an abrupt final chord frequently compared to a raspberry or Bronx cheer, and was premiered by Leonard Bernstein in 1951.","The third one was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1947, and includes movements called \"Children's Day\" and \"Old Folks Gatherin'.\" For 10 points,","name this set of orchestral works that includes pieces nicknamed \"Universe\" and \"The Camp Meeting,\" written by the composer of The Unanswered Question."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73888d.json b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73888d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..37471a78419e8f6bdd22f48325ba9f16a56c8876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73888d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.8],[7.92,16.16],[16.28,21.56],[21.68,27.52],[27.64,35.2],[35.32,42.6],[42.72,47.28]],"texts":["A character remembers how his friendship with this different character suddenly ceased after this man pointed at a hen and her chicks and said, \"pretty-pretty\".","This man angers two of his children by remarking \"but I beneath a rougher sea was whelmed in deeper gulfs than he\", a quote from William Cowper's poem \"The Castaway\".","One person describes this man's work using the metaphor of \"thinking of a kitchen table, when you're not there\".","In the beginning of the novel, a boy cutting out pictures from an Army and Navy catalogue suddenly gets the urge to kill this man.","This man laments his inability to mentally get past the letter Q to the letter R and often declaims lines from \"The Charge of the Light Brigade\".","This man's children Andrew and Prue die during the section \"Time Passes\", while in the final section he finally takes Cam and James on the novel's title trip.","For 10 points, name this parental figure from Virginia Woolf's novel To the Lighthouse."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73898d.json b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73898d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fba028be5ea1441838cc4496e8e728150e899adf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df3a4b1c64d9772f73898d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.32],[6.44,14.72],[14.84,20.72],[20.84,23.12],[23.24,28.68],[28.8,33.56],[33.68,40.92],[41.04,46.08]],"texts":["This publication once wrote a story connecting Dennis Cardoza to the murder of a woman actually killed by Ingmar Guandique.","Its founder, William Griffin, was arrested for lowering war morale due to his isolationist articles, and gangster Frank Costello may have bankrolled its later purchase.","Roger Stone, who believes LBJ conspired to kill JFK, may have planted a recent article in this publication.","The case of New York Times v.","Sullivan was distinguished by the California Court of Appeals in a 1983 court case on this publication.","For fanning the flames of the Chandra Levy scandal, this publication was sued by Gary Condit's wife.","It was the first to announce both the Rielle Hunter scandal and Bristol Palin's pregnancy, and was sued by Carol Burnett in a landmark 1983 case.","For 10 points, name this publication that recently leaked a still-unconfirmed Ted Cruz sex scandal."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df3ddba2602b93e0407e8d.json b/tossups/8d/62df3ddba2602b93e0407e8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..723a14205d373c2f93a6f63e5cd436d083f8ae35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df3ddba2602b93e0407e8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.68],[5.8,10.84],[10.96,15.08],[15.2,22.32],[22.44,27.92],[28.04,36.04],[36.16,44.28]],"texts":["This work recounts an encounter with a man who supports Cuban independence by working as a cigar roller in Jacksonville.","The protagonist ends up playing Mendelssohn's \"Wedding March\" at a club that hosts lots of slumming visitors;","this is where he meets \"my millionaire\" and witnesses the murder of a widow who bought him a drink.","Though he grows up in Connecticut, the protagonist attends school in Atlanta, but after seeing a man being burned at the stake decides to leave Georgia for good.","The protagonist later recognizes his childhood friend \"Shiny\" walking in New York and resolves to tell his new fiance the truth.","Its author, who would revisit the same theme in 1933's Along this Way, based this work on the life of his friend and law partner Judson D. Wetmore,","who succeeded in graduating from Michigan Law by \"passing.\" For 10 points, name this novel about a black man who lives as a white man, a work by James Weldon Johnson."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7688d.json b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7688d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..46b9b4693d67c37a31b5bad0e4a2014bcfae9f17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7688d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.2],[6.32,11.52],[11.64,17.28],[17.4,24.64],[24.76,27.92],[28.04,31.88]],"texts":["This character states that he saw \"one, two, three canoes\" instead of six canoes because he cannot count above three.","This character attempts to entertain his companions by luring a bear onto a tree and shaking it.","He stumps a character by asking why the God doesn't kill the devil, and he once claims that Benamuckee created the world.","This character is reunited with his father after battling a group of cannibals, and his footprint allows another character to become aware of his presence.","He is taught the word \"master\" by a man who is stranded on an island.","For 10 points, name this character rescued by Robinson Crusoe."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7688d.opus b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7688d.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7698d.json b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7698d.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f7698d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.0],[5.12,8.88],[9.0,12.28],[12.4,16.04],[16.16,22.24],[22.36,27.64],[27.76,33.24]],"texts":["Theories for the emergence of these systems include the ding-dong theory and the pooh-pooh theory.","August Schleicher proposed organizing these systems into the Stammbaum model.","One kind of transfer between two of these systems is called a calque.","The largest constructed one of these systems was designed by L.L. Zamenhof.","Alternating between two of these systems is a form of code-switching, and if one of these systems is not related to any other system,","it is referred to as an \"isolate.\" Stephen Pinker wrote on the \"instinct\" to develop these systems.","For 10 points, identify these systems which can be used for communication through talking, such as English."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b8d.json b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b8d.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df7ca243aee49db2f76b8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.8],[4.92,11.56],[11.68,17.76],[17.88,25.52],[25.64,30.64],[30.76,35.2]],"texts":["The arrangement of betel leaves used during weddings inspired the layout of this city's Palace of Culture.","A National Monument located in this city has garlands laid on it every Warriors' Day and was originally adjacent to Cenotaph Road.","A mosque in this city has towers and a main dome resembling closed and open umbrellas and also contains the Heroes Mausoleum.","The most famous building in this city includes a cross-section resembling the Rub el Hizb symbol from Islamic art, and contains a skybridge connecting its two halves.","That Cesar Pelli-designed building in this city was surpassed by Taipei 101 as the world's tallest building.","For 10 points, name this Asian capital city that contains the Petronas Towers."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d18d.json b/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d18d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0a293f926fdf67efb3752e114ca31f5ece230999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d18d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.16],[7.28,13.56],[13.68,22.12],[22.24,33.52],[33.64,38.0]],"texts":["This author wrote \"I don't feel good don't bother me\" in a poem that claims, \"I've given you all and now I'm nothing.\" He wrote the lines,","\"It's not a God that bore us that forbid our Being\" in another poem, and claimed \"we're not our skin of grime\" in a poem that begins,","\"I walked on the banks of the tincan banana dock.\" He also wrote a poem that contains the lines, \"No flower like that flower, which knew itself in the garden, and fought the knife\".","This author of \"Wichita Vortex Sutra\" and \"Sunflower Sutra\" wrote the lines, \"Strange now to think of you, gone without corsets and eyes\" in his \"Kaddish.\" For 10 points, name this poet who wrote,","\"I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness\" in his poem \"Howl.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d28d.json b/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d28d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e15875e6ca23a20abc96523808512c4a334b4995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d28d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,12.36],[12.48,19.96],[20.08,24.48],[24.6,29.28]],"texts":["One social group originating in this country's culture is the burrnesha, or \"sworn virgins,\" women who live their entire lives as men.","Its Malesia e Madhe district is a center of the gjakmarrja, a blood feud that exacts honor under the code of Kanun.","The Shkodra area is another center of ritualized violence in this country, whose economy collapsed in 1997 as the result of a pyramid scheme.","Its largest port was renamed Durazzo during a World War II occupation by Italy.","For 10 points, name this eastern Balkan state, which is found on the western borders of Macedonia and Greece."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d28d.opus b/tossups/8d/62df8012e66cc66ca571d28d.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df83920c3a38102cd7578d.json b/tossups/8d/62df83920c3a38102cd7578d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..90e145e0fa46f55f28a665998013e1bb72ba256d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df83920c3a38102cd7578d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.8],[7.92,13.2],[13.32,20.44],[20.56,28.44],[28.56,35.36]],"texts":["This man's special car was called the \"Blue Moose.\" After World War I, he became addicted to morphine and was placed in the violent ward at Langbro asylum.","During World War II, this man was mocked as \"Mister Meier\" in regards to a boast he had earlier made.","Near the end of the war, this man sent a telegram to Hitler in which he announced he would take control of the Reich, prompting Hitler to angrily change his will.","A winner of the Blue Max award, this man used potassium cyanide hidden in skin cream to avoid having to face the humiliation of a public execution.","For 10 points, name this man who committed suicide before his hanging at Nuremberg, a rotund Nazi in charge of the Luftwaffe."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3778d.json b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3778d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..959aa075c839c50a717de6385be60ba44958d9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3778d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.8],[3.92,7.2],[7.32,17.76],[17.88,19.92],[20.04,27.72],[27.84,35.52]],"texts":["This man designed the cover for the Red Hot Chili Peppers album I'm With You.","He created a grid of colorful polka dots in LSD,","one of his \"spot paintings;\" he also poured paint onto rotating circular canvases to create his \"spin paintings.\" Maggots devour a cow's head in another of his works, A Thousand Years,","which impressed his patron Charles Saatchi.","This artist of In and Out of Love may be better known for creating For the Love of God, a platinum recreation of a human skull covered in diamonds.","For 10 points, name this Young British Artist, whose The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living consists of a shark preserved in formaldehyde."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3788d.json b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3788d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dc761cb711e3b211e7f25be292f98522518e5106
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb3788d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.32],[6.44,11.12],[11.24,14.08],[14.2,18.2],[18.32,26.12],[26.24,32.4],[32.52,36.4]],"texts":["This state contains the world's only Leadbeater's possums, which can be found in the Healesville Sanctuary in its Yarra Valley region.","Artifacts of its 1850s gold rush include intact mine shafts in Bendigo.","This state's northern border is formed by the Murray River.","Its capital was founded along Port Philip Bay by the illustrious John Batman.","Its city of Ballarat is near the southern terminus of the Great Dividing Range and is the site of an 1854 stockade built by disaffected miners.","It is bordered to the west by South Australia, to the north by New South Wales, and is separated from Tasmania by the Bass Straight.","For 10 points, name this Australian state named for an English queen."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a8d.json b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..790d2d9686241c21117040c4032fc1eeca585637
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb37a8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.76],[4.88,10.88],[11.0,13.92],[14.04,20.04],[20.16,27.08],[27.2,34.6]],"texts":["One story says the final leader of this government made his escape in a car showing the American flag.","Its first foreign minister caused a stir by sending a telegram promising \"a convincing victory,\" which embarrassed the Kadet Party.","This government was the supposed target of the Kornilov Coup.","One story about its fall states that the cruiser Aurora fired a shot, kicking off an attack on the Winter Palace.","This government was first led by Prince Georgy Lvov and then Alexander Kerensky, who was overthrown in the October Revolution.","For 10 points, name this government established in March 1917 after the abdication of Nicholas II and replaced later that year by the Bolsheviks."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a33d8d.json b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a33d8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd3585b0c5488d0cbc8a299bd201d616f4352a08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a33d8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.76],[4.88,13.92],[14.04,19.56],[19.68,22.76],[22.88,27.24],[27.36,31.72]],"texts":["This location was the subject of the Denbeaux study by Seton Hall's Center for Policy and Research.","Michael Winterbottom made a film about residents of this place called the \"Tipton Three.\" Before being allowed to return to Australia, David Hicks spent six years at this location.","In 2005, it was falsely reported that employees here had deliberately flushed a copy of the Quran down a toilet.","One of its residents filed the lawsuit Hamdan v. Rumsfeld.","Barack Obama promised to close this site, which is where Khalid Sheikh Mohammed is currently being held.","For 10 points, name this detention camp operated by the United States in Cuba."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a33d8d.opus b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a33d8d.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a3408d.json b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a3408d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9431aa4774db6e3da51770a614d84fd15b25166a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a3408d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.44],[6.56,11.88],[12.0,16.96],[17.08,19.92],[20.04,25.88],[26.0,31.12]],"texts":["This man's imprisonment of Robert Serles provoked the Prebendaries' Plot against him, which was aided by his longtime nemesis Stephen Gardiner.","According to legend, he publicly burned off the right hand that had \"offended\" by writing out a recantation.","Late in life, this official was confined to the Bocardo prison with Nicholas Ridley and Hugh Latimer.","Under his direction, the Forty-two Articles were written.","He was executed during the Marian Persecutions for his role in such tasks as creating the litany used in the Book of Common Prayer.","For 10 points, name this archbishop of Canterbury who spearheaded the English Reformation."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a3408d.opus b/tossups/8d/62df8ab610329be735a3408d.opus
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e8d.json b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2ee3a26255cd62c9e9183d1fa4aaa985f35a200f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95e8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.72],[7.84,12.52],[12.64,18.2],[18.32,25.96],[26.08,32.56],[32.68,35.68],[35.8,41.8]],"texts":["A 9th-century letter denying this event, opening with the words \"Cogitis me,\" was written to Paula and Eustochium by a Pseudo-Jerome.","Saint John Damascene is sometimes called the \"Doctor of\" this event due to his three sermons on it.","The 4th Glorious Mystery of the Rosary contemplates this event, which is traditionally held to have left lilies behind.","The latest ex cathedra infallible declaration, Munificentissimus Deus, established this as dogma in 1950 under Pope Pius XII.","A feast on August 15 honors this event, which in Eastern Orthodox tradition was preceded by a sleep called the Dormition.","Like Jesus's resurrection, it left behind an empty tomb.","For 10 points, name this unique event at the end of the Virgin Mary's life, in which she arose \"body and soul\" into Heaven."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f8d.json b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f8d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..761ccefa4eb1c34589c32e4c718238e2c818a717
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95f8d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.24],[4.36,11.76],[11.88,16.32],[16.44,26.16],[26.28,34.12],[34.24,37.88]],"texts":["Cancer of this organ can be treated with vismodegib, which is sold as Erivedge.","Most patients with Gorlin syndrome develop cancer of this organ, which can be removed in surgeries described by the acronym CCPDMA.","The progress of cancer in this organ can be measured by the Clark level and Breslow's depth.","This organ is the target of the surgical procedure EDC, which stands for \"electrodessication and curettage.\" Lentigo maligna is a variety of one of this organ's cancers.","This organ can develop the usually non-lethal basal cell carcinoma, and the deadliest cancer of this organ occurs in cells that produce a namesake dark pigment.","For 10 points, name this primary organ affected by melanoma."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9608d.json b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9608d.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..90fc66e9f7ddb3548b1eadf8b3661cad5cf553d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9608d.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.48],[6.6,11.24],[11.36,16.08],[16.2,22.4],[22.52,31.2],[31.32,38.0]],"texts":["A photograph of a work in this medium shows the Cross of Lorraine painted in white over a wash of black paint that drips down in long streaks.","That photo is part of a series by Brassai on this medium, which heavily influenced Jean Dubuffet.","A group of artists in this medium used the symbol of a three-pointed crown and was called SAMO.","A work in this medium shows a man pressure-washing cave paintings, while another shows two members of the London police kissing each other.","The film Exit Through the Gift Shop is about this medium, which includes a work in which a rioter with a backwards cap and a scarf around his mouth prepares to throw a bouquet of flowers.","For 10 points, name this medium emulated by Jean-Michel Basquiat and practiced by the anonymous English artist Banksy."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9618d.json b/tossups/8d/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba9618d.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.16],[7.28,11.92],[12.04,18.72],[18.84,23.08],[23.2,31.28],[31.4,38.64],[38.76,42.84]],"texts":["Walter Kaufmann's Tragedy and Philosophy calls this play's protagonist a \"passive anti-hero\" in contrast with the \"noble hero\" Oedipus.","Skeletal set designs were used in this play by Jo Mielziner for its premiere at the Morosco Theater.","A character in this play remarks that it's bad to \"suffer fifty weeks a year for the sake of a two-week vacation\" to justify his preference for farming.","Its opening describes a \"word-sigh\" that might be \"Oh boy,","oh boy\" from a man \"past sixty years of age,\" as well as a \"small and fine\" melody that re-appears when a character interested in Alaskan properties enters later.","This play's protagonist considers himself \"well-liked,\" which is a reason he believes he is better than Bernard, and wants to be rich like his brother Ben.","For 10 points, name this play about Willy Loman's demise by Arthur Miller."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a3.json b/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a69d33b89f30008909120f7d408870188ab8b17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.16],[6.28,15.28],[15.4,21.92],[22.04,27.16],[27.28,31.28],[31.4,35.28]],"texts":["Herodotus claims that in this region, if someone touched a pig, they were required to bathe in a river to wash the filth off themselves.","This region was led by a ruler who found that the Phrygians were the most ancient civilization in the world through an isolation language experiment in which the word bekos, or \"bread\", was uttered.","This region was home to Psamtik I and a king nicknamed \"Philadelphus\" who commissioned a history of this region's kings by Manetho.","Cambyses II defeated a king of this region at the battle of Pelusium by holding cats up on his soldiers' shields.","Alexander the Great deified himself at this region's Siwa Oasis.","For 10 points, name this region, whose 30 dynasties were led by pharaohs."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca3.json b/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bd948fee5baea7b07fab6e7fced9f0b0e6b6a61a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.56],[5.68,11.56],[11.68,19.32],[19.44,25.2],[25.32,31.44],[31.56,36.48]],"texts":["The unnamed narrator of a novel by this author is a university student who has a neurotic fear of syphilis and of sex.","A character created by this author rose from his roots as a slave laborer in Shikoku to become the richest man in his village.","In a novel by this author, the brother of a one-eyed former English professor begins organizing the youth of his home village by teaching them how to play American football.","In that novel by this author of Outcries, the Emperor's supermarket is looted, partially because he is ethnically Korean.","In a semi-autobiographical novel by this author, Bird comes to grips with raising his son, who was born with a brain hernia.","For 10 points, name this Japanese Nobel laureate, who wrote The Silent Cry and A Personal Matter."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa3.json b/tossups/a3/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..92653062c9b52cf72e8bb9816de71dc65d02a339
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.56],[8.68,17.44],[17.56,21.76],[21.88,29.68],[29.8,36.8],[36.92,43.64],[43.76,47.04]],"texts":["Early in life, this general reportedly made a pledge to \"be like a rat and gather up others, be like a black crow and gather great flocks.\" The subject of a monograph by Richard Gabriel,","this general deliberately left a gap in his circle of soldiers during one engagement, and built a bridge over a deep section of the Sajo River to bait the enemy into marching into a swamp,","after he had fired off a row of catapults to allow his force to cross the Sajo.","This son of a blacksmith and victor at the Battle of Mohi was first given his epithet \"Bagatur\" while serving in the bodyguard of the outlaw Temujin.","He often commanded alongside Jebe, his fellow noyan, in battles such as Kalka River where he defeated the Cumans and Kievan Rus.","After he defeated the forces of Bela IV, he protested in vain as he was ordered to retreat from Hungary due to the death of Ogedei Khan.","For 10 points, name this great general under Genghis Khan."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e0407fa3.json b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e0407fa3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..36eee4d4fe9cf474e021af2b8a081b8c64ddef97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e0407fa3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.52],[4.64,11.8],[11.92,20.28],[20.4,26.44],[26.56,35.04],[35.16,44.0]],"texts":["This text advocates knowledge of how vedana proceeds from two groups of six senses,","and it follows a discourse about separating the body and mind from the true conjecture of the self delivered to a group of five followers that included Kaundinya.","This entry in the Vinaya discusses passion and delusion and it was originally delivered to a group of agnihotra monks that practiced religious rites worshipping the title entity.","The third entry in a series of discourses which began with a discussion of the Middle Way and the Four Noble Truths,","this text submits that recognition and intellectual detachment can disentangle one from the suffering caused by sense and feeling, which are personified by the titular elemental force.","For 10 points, identify this portion of the Tripitaka that titles one of the sections of The Waste Land and extols its addressees to recognize that \"all is burning.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b5aa54f54ea6770f89781c373acebfd90bf24ced
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.24],[6.36,10.44],[10.56,18.2],[18.32,21.6],[21.72,29.44],[29.56,33.96]],"texts":["The Ashanti performed human sacrifices to placate one of these figures named Katarwiri, who was married to one of these named Tando.","In ancient China, young girls were sacrificed to one of these named He Bo.","One of these figures was the father of Teucer, the first king of the Trojans; that one was only prevented from killing Achilles after Hephaestus started a fire.","Another of them founded the city of Argos, and was the father of Io.","In addition to Xanthus and Inachus, gods of this sort include Peneus, the father of Daphne, and a deity who assisted Aeneas named Tiberinus.","For 10 points, identify this class of gods associated with bodies of running water."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..72a17116d00a8e502d09f818a2c727347545d341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.64],[5.76,11.2],[11.32,15.92],[16.04,22.84],[22.96,29.2],[29.32,34.56],[34.68,42.12]],"texts":["Its arcade columns originally stood on a stylobate of three steps and now rise from the ground without bases.","Its upper story is finished with white and rose-colored marble and also contains a lace-like parapet of oriental cresting.","Among the notable features in its courtyard is a large dark green ornamental bronze well-head,","but most notable are the facades which total approximately 500 feet in length and which were largely designed by the brothers Giovanni and Bartolomeo Buon.","Its famous parts include the \"paper door\" and \"giant's staircase\" or Porta della Carta and Scala dei Giganti.","Adjacent to it is a former prison known as the Piombi, which is separated from this structure by the Bridge of Sighs.","Called the \"central building of the world\" by Ruskin in his book on the architecture of its city, For 10 points, name this structure once home to the rulers of Venice."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa3.json b/tossups/a3/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0db85c49d16d7488f7301de99e12ba273dc764b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.52],[8.64,14.36],[14.48,19.56],[19.68,23.56],[23.68,30.04],[30.16,35.92]],"texts":["This book describes the loss of the \"faithful martyr\" Antipas, said to have been killed in a city \"where Satan dwells.\" The author of this book chides a community for forsaking their first love,","another for following an immoral prophetess, and still another for being lukewarm, warning that God will spit them out of His mouth.","It begins with brief messages to seven churches in Asia, such as Ephesus and Philadelphia.","In this book, creatures called locusts have human faces with lion's teeth.","Near the end of this book, the author describes the \"Beast of the Earth\" and the \"Beast of the Sea,\" and the opening of the seventh seal.","For 10 points, name this final book of the New Testament which contains numerous prophecies about the end of the world."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..481f7d9504e8f21de9ae76f50e9d562e8725c93e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.12],[8.24,13.24],[13.36,19.24],[19.36,29.6],[29.72,33.84]],"texts":["This psychologist did an experiment in which participants were asked to sign up for additional trials after trying to memorize a list of words and were shocked regardless of performance.","He described a process in which groups provide an environment where individuals lose self-awareness,","which he called \"deindividuation.\" This psychologist worked with Lynne Henderson to create the Shyness Clinic.","His most famous experiment, run at Jordan Hall, saw a subject adopt a fake Southern accent from Cool Hand Luke and call himself \"John Wayne\" before the study was shut down after just six days.","For 10 points, name this psychologist who ran the Stanford Prison Experiment."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd758a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd758a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63bac32fd5219a2d90c69f96641ba591caa9cf6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd758a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,12.48],[12.6,15.64],[15.76,24.12],[24.24,32.32],[32.44,37.96]],"texts":["This author wrote a satirical poem accusing rhyming poetry of \"wresting words from their true calling\" and \"propping verse for fear of falling.\" This author of \"A fit of rhyme against rhyme\" wrote a play that ends with its characters being invited to dinner by Adam Overdo,","who visits the title event along with Winwife and Littlewit.","One of this playwright's title characters jumps out of his bed and attempts to seduce the wife of Corvino by singing \"Come, my Celia, let us prove While we may,","the sports of love.\" In another of this author's plays, characters like Abel Drugger and Sir Epicure Mammon are cheated by the team of Dol Common, Subtle, and Face.","For 10 points, name this Elizabethan playwright of Bartholomew Fair, Volpone, and The Alchemist."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd759a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd759a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e1b0c111501370131ff50122ead38daece84de98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df83920c3a38102cd759a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.44],[5.56,12.2],[12.32,16.48],[16.6,23.04],[23.16,27.56],[27.68,34.44]],"texts":["The son of this film's director claims that Charlie Chaplin's Chinese projectionist would faint every time he showed this movie.","A scene set \"eight years later\" in this film shows a man with a metal box strapped around his neck bicycling down the street dressed in a nun's habit.","An androgynous woman pokes at a severed hand with a cane in this film, only to be hit by a car;","one of the two figures watching her from an upstairs window then drags two pianos filled with decaying dead donkeys across the room.","The most recognizable scene in this film shows a woman's eyeball slowly cut by a razor blade.","For 10 points, name this surrealist 1921 film, a collaboration between Salvador Dali and Luis Bunuel."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379a3.json b/tossups/a3/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bc254b0093b0e015e85dadca98083c46cdd75c3f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.04],[9.16,18.28],[18.4,29.44],[29.56,34.96]],"texts":["The speaker of this text declares, \"the good that I would I do not; but the evil which I would not, that I do,\" after noting, \"For we know that the law is spiritual; but I am carnal,","sold under sin.\" The speaker downplays the significance of circumcision, saying, \"But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit,","and not in the letter.\" Later, the speaker of this text asks, \"If God be for us, who can be against us?\" in discussing how faith alone unites a sinner with the sinless Jesus and assures salvation.","For 10 points, name this first and longest Pauline epistle, addressed to members of a certain empire."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33ea3.json b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33ea3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..53938d5f0bda245dc711b1a5d7b6baa87a84f375
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33ea3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.48],[3.6,10.68],[10.8,14.72],[14.84,20.96],[21.08,24.72],[24.84,30.84],[30.96,39.56],[39.68,44.12]],"texts":["The reciprocal of this function is represented by Hankel's contour integral.","A function must be this function if it meets certain criteria, including being logarithmically convex, according to the Bohr-Mollerup theorem.","The logarithmic derivatives of this function are represented with the letter psi.","This function applied to z and multiplied by this function applied to one minus x gives the result pi over sin of pi x.","The square root of pi appears when this function is applied to half-integers.","This function has a value of one at one, and, at x plus one it equals x times itself at x.","This function is defined as the Euler integral of the second kind, which is the integral from zero to infinity of t to the z minus one times e to the negative t dt.","For 10 points, name this extension of the factorial function to complex numbers."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.json b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a6356a086d47ea09cd03288421bed60a4d3d98f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.84],[4.96,11.56],[11.68,18.68],[18.8,23.16],[23.28,30.84]],"texts":["In one passage from this novel, a character imagines heaven as a dirty bathhouse full of spiders.","This novel's ending was called \"conventionally monologic,\" in contrast to its primarily polyphonic narrative, by Mikhail Bakhtin.","That ending of this novel includes the protagonist weeping and embracing the knees of a girl whose father dies after being run over by a carriage.","Earlier, the protagonist vacillates between that girl and the nihilist Svidrigailov.","For 10 points, name this novel in which the pawnbroker Alyona Ivanovna is murdered by the student Raskolnikov, a work by Fyodor Dostoevsky."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.opus b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.opus
new file mode 100644
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Binary files /dev/null and b/tossups/a3/62df8ab610329be735a33fa3.opus differ
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956a3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..53b79bf27686dff0d42bb2d2a6714ffad1642664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.32],[7.44,12.92],[13.04,20.6],[20.72,24.68],[24.8,31.16],[31.28,39.0],[39.12,46.8],[46.92,48.48],[48.6,54.88]],"texts":["This man was way too small for a cofn that ft his friend perfectly, so that friend passed his strength to this man with his dying breath before sealing himself up.","Insulted that he was not invited to a king's celebration, he once destroyed all the steeples in that king's realm.","In a less glamorous moment, he ran across an open feld, swung his forty-pound mace at a sleeping giant, but only provoked the response \"Oh,","how badly fies can bite!\" before being stufed into the giant's pocket.","For the frst thirty years this man's life, a curse kept him sitting on an oven before he was healed and was able to walk and fght.","During one journey, this man defeated the monstrous Idolische, who possibly represented the Tartar Yoke, and on another journey he befriended the giant Sviatogor.","On this hero's \"frst journey,\" he defeated a monster who hung out in a tree and used his whistle to murder strangers, then brought that defeated monster, Nightingale the Robber,","back to Vladimir the Great.","For 10 points, name this legendary bogatyr from Kiev, a peasant-prince recognized as a saint in the Russian Orthodox Church."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957a3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2faac4b6151a03b5acf534575cb5c702e76f203f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.76],[7.88,15.4],[15.52,25.48],[25.6,32.08],[32.2,33.92],[34.04,43.32],[43.44,51.84]],"texts":["This thinker criticized Keynes for not distinguishing between ex ante and ex post calculations of savings and investment in one work, and in another,","he coined the the terms \"backwash\" and \"spread\" to characterize how development can have, re-spectively, negative and positive side efects.","In addition to collecting lectures in Monetary Equilibrium and writing Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions, this thinker proposed a kind of vicious cycle known as circular cumulative causation,","which he used to explain why economic forces sometimes beneft the core of an economic zone at the expense of the periph-ery.","This author of Asian Drama:","An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations wrote a book which criticized the Agricultural Adjustment Act and minimum wage laws for encouraging employers to discriminate against minority workers.","For 10 points, identify this economist who shared the 1974 Nobel Prize with Friedrich Hayek and authored An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958a3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fe3fc713943e929491a1867d96c03f583febc9e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.44],[7.56,14.4],[14.52,22.32],[22.44,30.0],[30.12,40.96],[41.08,48.24],[48.36,54.68]],"texts":["This event was the starting point for a 1982 time-series analysis of the periodicity of similar events by Raup and Sepkoski.","A 1996 paper by Visscher et al. demonstrated that this event coincided with a large increase in the abundance of fungi.","Research published last month by MIT's Daniel Rothman suggests that the prevalence of the bacterium methanosarcina was a strong contributor to this event.","The ratio between the 12 and 13 isotopes of carbon underwent a massive spike coinciding with this event, possibly indicating increased oceanic anoxia.","This event may have occurred due to the expulsion of as much as 1.5 mil-lion cubic kilometers of lava in volcanic eruptions in what is now Siberia, resulting in a release of arctic methane clathrates.","For 10 points, identify this event occurring approximately 251 million years ago at the boundary of the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras,","which resulted in the disappearance of about 57% of all animal species, and is sometimes known as the \"Great Dying.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959a3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..40aac7d0d4c16686e2f94b3eb14ef5780c49317b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.28],[4.4,13.08],[13.2,22.08],[22.2,26.6],[26.72,28.04],[28.16,38.32],[38.44,48.08],[48.2,52.96]],"texts":["Niccolo Zingarelli was once imprisoned in this city for refusing to compose a Te Deum.","In 1905, a music school in this city was embroiled in a scandal when it administered a preliminary contest whose six fnalists were all students of one of the jurists on the panel.","One symphony that was premiered in this city contains a second theme in which a solo oboe plays repeated dot-ted notes against the jolty appoggiatura of the frst violins.","Piano manufacturer Ignaz Pleyel funded the creation of a concert hall in this city.","In the 18th century,","this city was home to a large number of \"Spiritual Concerts,\" one of which served as the public premiere for a three-movement symphony whose original 6/8 andantino movement was replaced with a 3/4 andante.","Mozart's 31st symphony was nicknamed for this city, which gives the collective nickname to In Nomine Domini, The Queen, The Bear, and The Hen and two other symphonies by Haydn.","For 10 points, name this city where a raucous riot broke out at the premiere of The Rite of Spring."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aa3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aa3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75dfc0d7429431cc96100fc15bb2243f99b38a45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aa3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.72],[7.84,14.12],[14.24,19.72],[19.84,24.56],[24.68,33.64],[33.76,41.56],[41.68,46.4]],"texts":["A politician resigned this office upon charges that he accepted bribes from Colorado banker Jerome Chaffee, and then became president of Mount Vernon Bank in Ohio.","The first holder of this position in Grover Cleveland's cabinet was the subject of a Profile in Courage for eulogizing Charles Sumner in the Senate.","Those two men are Lucius Lamar and Columbus Delano, the latter of whom was replaced by Zachariah Chandler.","Its first holder was called the \"Butcher\" because he fired bureaucrats to form this office.","In addition to Thomas Ewing, another holder sued San Francisco for violating the Raker Act, appointed John Collier to head a division of the CCC, and was Harold Ickes.","Two holders of this office that were scandalized by the Alaska Syndicate and Pan American Petroleum were, respectively, Richard Ballinger and Albert Fall.","For 10 points, name this cabinet level position that is responsible for the National Park Service."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ba3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ba3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3358f20563505202310894a2a513c91379785c89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ba3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.68],[5.8,11.24],[11.36,16.44],[16.56,24.84],[24.96,31.76],[31.88,37.76],[37.88,44.56]],"texts":["An album in this style features the thirty minute track \"The Creator Has a Master Plan\" and is titled Karma.","A man who pioneered this style had his ten year old son Denardo play the drums on their album The Fox Hole.","A pioneer of this style originally received his nickname \"Pharaoh\" when he joined Sun Ra's Arkestra.","It titles an album whose second and final track is called \"First Take,\" and whose first track was performed by a \"double quartet\" consisting of Freddie Hubbard and Eric Dolphy.","The songs \"Focus on Sanity\" and \"Lonely Woman\" were composed for another album in this style, The Shape of Jazz to Come.","This style is so named because fixed instrumental roles were ignored and improvisation was done in the namesake style.","For 10 points, name this style of jazz pioneered by Ornette Coleman, which broke down the conventions of bebop and modal jazz."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ca3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ca3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9b5842d10080cac4510d326cda668fb471d234d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ca3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.8],[5.92,12.32],[12.44,18.2],[18.32,26.2],[26.32,37.04],[37.16,45.68],[45.8,49.88],[50.0,54.28]],"texts":["One type of these compounds can be detected via the reduction of copper acetate to copper oxide in Barfoed's test,","while two different types of these compounds can be distinguished using a solution of resorcinol and hydrochloric acid in Seliwanoff's test.","These compounds isomerize through an enediol intermediate via the Lobry de Bruyn-van Ekenstein reaction.","These compounds can be shortened by one carbon by oxidizing them with bromine water, then adding ferric acetate and hydrogen peroxide.","Conversely, these compounds can be elongated by one carbon via the formation of a cyanohydrin intermediate which is reduced by a palladium-catalyzed hydrogenation or a sodium amalgam.","These compounds, which can be shortened or lengthened by the Ruff degradation and the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis, have an asymmetric carbon in their hemiacetal group called the anomeric carbon.","These compounds are typically visualized using Haworth or Fischer projections.","For 10 points, name this type of compound exemplified by mannose and glucose."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95da3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95da3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5d47e739a241f393c161b54c04772d80faa9e739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95da3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.48],[6.6,14.16],[14.28,24.44],[24.56,30.32],[30.44,37.2],[37.32,44.84],[44.96,50.04]],"texts":["The founder of this dynasty had all 20,000 male inhabitants of Kerman blinded and their eyeballs poured out into a pile in front of him.","This dynasty granted a concession to G.F. Talbot that established a monopoly over production of tobacco, leading to widespread protests.","A minister hired by this dynasty, Morgan Shuster, was forced to resign and one of its prime ministers, Amir Kabir, was forced into exile by Nasser-e-Din after founding a university at Dar ul-Fanun.","This dynasty underwent the Constitutional Revolution and entered the Treaties of Gulistan and Turkmenchai.","Its early rulers included Fath Ali and Agha Muhammad Khan, who founded this line by overthrowing the Afsharid and Zand Dynasties.","This dynasty was split into zones of influence by the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907, and dissolved with the rise of Reza Shah Pahlavi.","For 10 points, name this dynasty which ruled Persia from 1785 to 1925."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962a3.json b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962a3.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8e8e579133ecc8aa1515a440bdeb11171a867623
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a3/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962a3.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.64],[6.76,10.52],[10.64,18.44],[18.56,23.2],[23.32,28.88],[29.0,35.04]],"texts":["Pappenheimer bodies are pathological inclusions found in these cells and Heinz bodies may precede their transition to \"bite cells\".","Band-3-AE1 mediates the Hamburger shift in these cells.","These cells may aggregate to form rouleaux, have abnormal morphology in poikilocytosis and their immature precursors are called reticulocytes.","These cells are overproduced in polycythaemia, such as with primary EPO excess.","The surface antigens of these cells were first categorised by Karl Landsteiner, using the ABO and Rhesus groupings.","Also known as erythrocytes, for 10 points name these cells which transport oxygen to body tissues."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ea9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ea9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d292e088366afed508ad7106dc852ba27e8b639e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ea9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.04],[7.16,13.52],[13.64,21.4],[21.52,26.48],[26.6,33.2],[33.32,39.16]],"texts":["A ruler with this name established his country's first printing house, which the English ambassador Giles Fletcher claimed was burned down by angry scribes.","A 14th-century ruler with this name used his great wealth to expand his domain to include towns like Beloozero and Uglich.","A lack of Polish reinforcements convinced a khan not to attack a ruler with this name camped on the Ugra River, an event considered to have ended the Tatar Yoke.","A ruler with this name fought the Livonian War; his father of the same name was the first to call himself tsar.","The most famous ruler of this name called the first Zemsky Sobor and formed the Oprichnina to police and terrorize the people.","For 10 points, what is this name of several Muscovite rulers, including one with the epithet \"Terrible\"?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4fa9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4fa9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..445534ba0013078bc2fa2bb103cd66b61bfd7f83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4fa9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.72],[4.84,11.52],[11.64,14.24],[14.36,19.8],[19.92,24.12],[24.24,27.64],[27.76,31.64],[31.76,34.48]],"texts":["The \"French School\" of playing this instrument produced players such as Marcel Moyse and Georges Barrere.","A difficult standard concertino for this instrument was anecdotally written by its composer to make it difficult for an ex-lover studying under Paul Taffanel;","that concertino was written by Cecile Chaminade.","This instrument is featured in the \"Badinerie\" final movement of Bach's Orchestral Suite Number 2.","Gold examples of these instruments were used by Jean-Pierre Rampal and James Galway.","A famous solo for it opens Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun.","This non-reeded woodwind instrument is usually played transversely.","For 10 points, name this lower cousin of the piccolo."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87a9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..92f4bbeff9955cf0aa4c7c6c881ba686d30208c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.48],[8.6,15.24],[15.36,21.84],[21.96,27.64],[27.76,36.08],[36.2,39.96]],"texts":["This non-monarch is generally credited with authoring the initial drafts of a comprehensive slavery policy called the Black Code, though he died two years before it was enacted.","This man designed policies to create a \"compact colony\" after forcing the Company of One Hundred Associates to surrender its charter.","This man sent an invitation to Christiaan Huygens to help staff an academy he created, the Royal Academy of Sciences.","He had the charters of three existing Asia-based companies fused to create one that operated out of Pondicherry.","After bringing in Flemish wool manufacturers and Italian glassmakers to help set up domestic factories, this man forbade the import of Venetian glass in 1672.","For 10 points, name this mercantilist finance minister of Louis XIV."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6a9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..42508ed19f451a5420acd1e5404177feb5dd9cbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.12],[6.24,9.92],[10.04,15.36],[15.48,23.28],[23.4,30.2],[30.32,35.4],[35.52,37.96],[38.08,43.76]],"texts":["This operation is the Hodge dual of the commutator Lie bracket, so it also satisfies the Jacobi identity.","The infinitesimal generators of rotations are given by this operation.","A generalization of this operation defined on the exterior algebra is symbolized by a wedge.","This operation is given by the imaginary part of the product of two imaginary quaternions; octonions give an analogous definition in seven dimensions.","This anticommutative operation can be written as the determinant of a 3x3 matrix with unit vectors in the first row.","The magnitude of this operation applied to two adjacent edges of a parallelogram is its area.","It returns zero for two parallel vectors.","For 10 points, what operation returns a vector orthogonal to the two input vectors according to the right-hand rule?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d2c48c5aa9f52d0b7b3eb7c42a30b768b04caf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.12],[8.24,14.92],[15.04,19.12],[19.24,23.56],[23.68,29.36],[29.48,35.52]],"texts":["Dafna Rand and Konyndyk testified to Congress about how members of this family collaborated with the US to create \"no-strike\" lists that ignored schools and hospitals.","One member of this family helped arrange the al-Yamamah arms sale from Great Britain, which has contributed to Operation Decisive Storm.","Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri was detained by this family until he resigned.","The Vision 2030 modernization plan was laid out by a member of this family.","That member of this family was nicknamed \"Mister Bone Saw\" for murdering Washington Post journalist Jamal al-Kashogi.","Mohammad bin Salman leads, for 10 points, what royal family that rules the largest country in the Arabian Peninsula?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8a9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d8ef4a0ed22fd638f50a0a6a62c1c01aa9319b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.44],[5.56,10.96],[11.08,18.76],[18.88,24.4],[24.52,28.96],[29.08,35.6],[35.72,39.96]],"texts":["In this country, Julius Tomin held philosophy discussions with local residents in \"home seminars\".","A dissident in this country wrote about a grocer who holds a sign outside his window reading \"Workers of the World,","Unite!\" in the essay \"The Power of the Powerless.\" Protesters jingled keys in this country to signify their support of the Civic Forum.","Fictitious university student Martin Smid went missing, inciting mass demonstrations in this country.","Reformist manifestos in this country included the Two Thousand Words and Charter 77.","The Soviet Union invaded this country in reaction to this country's \"socialism with a human face\" initiative led by Alexander Dubcek.","For 10 points, name this country, home to the 1968 Prague Spring."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca9.json b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ec14cc622cc04efc0c767f239fe1fe7cd78f1c67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aeca9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.08],[6.2,10.96],[11.08,15.88],[16.0,22.52],[22.64,34.48],[34.6,41.64]],"texts":["In his \"Colloquy with this poet,\" the fake poet Ern Malley asks why this man never finished his retelling of the Titanomachy.","Earl Wasserman incorporated this man's metaphor of the \"Mansion of Many Apartments\" when critiquing one of his poems,","which outlines the transformation of a melody into a \"plaintive anthem.\" In that poem by this man,","the word \"forlorn\" prompts the speaker to claim \"the very word is like a bell to toll me back from thee to my sole self!\" In that poem,","this poet of Hyperion talks about a desire to die \"upon the midnight with no pain.\" The speaker of one of his \"Great Odes\" of 1819 asks \"do I wake or sleep\" after declaring that \"thou wast not born for death,","immortal Bird!\" For 10 points, name this British Romantic poet of \"Ode to a Nightingale\" and \"Ode on a Grecian Urn.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e0228a552e16f55dc80ed9a8f84b6bf3f93513a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.44],[4.56,13.68],[13.8,20.2],[20.32,23.08],[23.2,42.12],[42.24,49.52]],"texts":["In 1983, Monique Peytral created an exact replica of this location.","Michael Rappenglueck suggested that paintings in this location depicting a box followed by thirteen circles and a row of 29 similar dots are both intended to represent phases of the moon.","This complex's nave contains a scene showing a pair of animals whose \"crossed\" legs indicate a depiction of perspective.","Despite depicting a creature with two horns,","one painting in this place is known as the \"The Unicorn.\" A man with a bird-shaped head is depicted lying prone next to a staff topped with a bird head in a scene in its \"Shaft of the Dead Man,\" while its \"Axial Gallery\" contains a massive painting known as the \"Great Black Bull.\" Pablo Picasso declared \"we have learned nothing in twelve thousand years\" after visiting this complex,","which contains the \"Chamber of Felines\" and the \"Great Hall of Bulls.\" For 10 points, name this cave complex in Southern France filled with paintings from the Paleolithic period."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa9.json b/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00173f5f51de32aa093ce0d05079f8ee4e055db7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738aa9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.4],[4.52,10.36],[10.48,18.48],[18.6,24.72],[24.84,30.96],[31.08,37.76],[37.88,44.36]],"texts":["An innkeeper in this book colludes with some bandits by breaking the bowstring of an escort,","but those bandits are unable to steal the silver on a rich merchant's mules when the escort uses his own hair to restring his crossbow.","Immediately before a performance of the opera \"Three Generations Glory\" during a wedding in this novel, a rat falls into a bowl of bird's nest soup and scalds the bridegroom.","This novel includes a section in which a traveller tells the Abbot of Ocean Moon Monastery how he fended off two tiger attacks.","This 1750 novel parodies Outlaws of the Marsh by having stars that represent the title characters fall from the sky.","It opens by describing Wang Mien, a painter who chooses not to become an official even though he is ostensibly one of the title people.","Author Jingzi Wu critiqued the civil service exam in, for 10 points, what novel named for people who are supposedly learned?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..54e765a7572ba28494816f37364635efb70f5e11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04080a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.12],[8.24,18.6],[18.72,27.88],[28.0,35.52]],"texts":["A \"spurious\" one of these features an \"apostrophe to Satan\" after a chapter on the \"malignity and folly\" of that evil figure, and was written by Ignatius of Antioch.","Its final chapter features a specific exhortation to two women, Evodia and Syntyche, who are asked to \"be of the same mind,\" while its third chapter includes a warning to \"Beware of dogs,","beware of evil workers, beware of the concision.\" The author of this text also warns its recipients about Judaizing teachers, and mentions Epaphroditus, who brought this text to its title group.","Coming between writings addressed to the Ephesians and Colossians, for 10 points, name this Pauline epistle written to the members of a Macedonian church."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..04f51367769457e4dab0523c214417cfed867cf0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df3ddba2602b93e04081a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.36],[3.48,15.08],[15.2,24.44],[24.56,33.68],[33.8,43.96]],"texts":["One of the first works to treat the writings of Kate Stone and Charlotte Forten,","its penultimate chapter cites Leon Edel's biographies to argue that such Henry James stories as \"The Story of a Year\" and \"A Most Extraordinary Case\" tie together sexual incapacity with the incapacity to serve one's country.","That same section then turns to discuss the novels Playing the Mischief and Honest John Vane before declaring John W. De Forest to be the first author to deal seriously with this book's subject.","Though it devotes a number of pages to situate the work of John Pendleton Kennedy in relation to the \"Myth of the Old South,\" the most interesting chapter extols the merits of Grant's Autobiography.","Published in 1962, its title comes from James Ryder Randal's \"Maryland, My Maryland.\" For 10 points, identify this collection of \"Studies in the Literature of the Civil War,\" a work by Edmund Wilson."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa9.json b/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3168a34585dfcde1c3e8e1b60e76ad8bf9212dae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aa9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.0],[5.12,14.36],[14.48,22.88],[23.0,31.6],[31.72,38.52]],"texts":["This thinker rejected the treatment of old age as a universal category in the book The Coming of Age.","This thinker objected to a poor translation done by H. M. Parshley for Random House, of a book which Constance Borde and Sheila Malovany-Chevalier retranslated in the 21st century,","and asked what to do with a mediocre, cruelty-obsessed author in the essay \"Must We Burn Sade?\" This author, who addressed the paradoxes of radical freedom in The Ethics of Ambiguity,","attacked essentialism in a two-volume book arguing that Man posits himself as subject and construes half of humanity as the eternal Other against which Man is defined.","For 10 points, name this existentialist who wrote \"One is not born, but rather becomes, woman\" in The Second Sex."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76ba9.json b/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76ba9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75f3082d7859bf962f2b10022688be7e662a75f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df7ca243aee49db2f76ba9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.88],[4.0,9.32],[9.44,14.84],[14.96,23.56],[23.68,26.32],[26.44,29.2],[29.32,36.84]],"texts":["This is the first note of the tone row on which Webern's String Quartet is based.","Brahms's Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel is based on a harpsichord suite in this note's major key.","The Beethoven string quartet whose last movement was initially the Grosse Fuge is in this note's major key.","Chopin used this note's minor key for a piano sonata whose somber third movement gives the piece the nickname the \"Funeral March.\" There are five flats in the minor key of this note,","which is what the C played on a trumpet or clarinet sounds like.","This note is the first flat added in the circle of fifths.","For 10 points, name this note that is the only accidental in the key of F major, and which in equal temperament is the same as A sharp."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a534e32cee24a7452ab3a4577604e070061f9dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.04],[8.16,16.32],[16.44,20.4],[20.52,36.52],[36.64,39.68]],"texts":["This poet asks why the \"blessed structures, plot and rhyme\" are \"no help\" when \"I want to make something imagined, not recalled?\" in the poem \"Epilogue.\" The speaker laments,","\"All you recovered from Poseidon died with you, my cousin\" in a poem whose sixth section is dedicated to \"Our Lady of Walsingham.\" He ended one poem with the assertion,","\"A savage servility slides by on grease.\" Another of his poems claims,","\"I myself am hell nobody's here\" and begins by discussing \"Nautilus Island's hermit heiress.\" His collection Lord Weary's Castle includes \"The Quaker Graveyard in Nantucket.\" He wrote a poem discussing the old South Boston Aquarium that claims Colonel Shaw's monument \"sticks like a fishbone in the city's throat.\" For 10 points,","name this poet who wrote \"Skunk Hour\" and \"For the Union Dead.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..12aa608317dcc7c71dddb4078b7f6163fc661ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.2],[7.32,14.0],[14.12,16.44],[16.56,21.0],[21.12,28.68],[28.8,34.2]],"texts":["In one of this author's final works, a trip to Innsbruck is made by Subhro to present Solomon, the title animal, to Archduke Maximilian.","This author of The Elephant's Journey also wrote a novel in which Jose works in the Central Registry and becomes obsessed with tracking down an unknown woman.","That novel is entitled All the Names.","This author's home country breaks off into the Atlantic Ocean in his novel, The Stone Raft.","In one of his best known works, the genitals of the King of Ward 3 are cut off by The Doctor's Wife, the only person immune to the title affliction.","For 10 points, name this Portuguese author of The Gospel According to Jesus Christ and Blindness."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df83920c3a38102cd758a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df83920c3a38102cd758a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2feae1a6bcbb2aaa577578bf00659be4e11cd205
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/a9/62df83920c3a38102cd758a9.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.64],[6.76,14.24],[14.36,22.56],[22.68,29.28],[29.4,36.52]],"texts":["The protagonist of this story hears several whispers in a language he doesn't recognize after seeing some unfamiliar stars in strange constellations.","That protagonist is distracted from thinking about his wife and children by \"a sharp, distinct, metallic percussion\" that turns out to be the ticking of his watch.","One character in this story tells of a great quantity of driftwood that would easily burn; that character is given water by the protagonist's wife and later revealed to be a Federal scout.","The protagonist of this story imagines meeting his wife on his veranda after swimming through some rapids and dodging the bullets of Union soldiers.","For 10 points, name this short story in which Peyton Fahrquhar imagines his escape after being hung from the title structure, a work of Ambrose Bierce."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/a9/62df83920c3a38102cd759a9.json b/tossups/a9/62df83920c3a38102cd759a9.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e443d3a7b23440edb734dc8b77b852160d323b27
--- /dev/null
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.92],[5.04,11.36],[11.48,14.88],[15.0,23.48],[23.6,26.72],[26.84,33.52]],"texts":["One member of this group avenges the death of his father and returns wearing his father's armor,","hence his nickname meaning \"badly-fitting coat.\" Another member of this group makes a lion into his pet by saving it from a snake.","This group was first mentioned in the Roman de Brut penned by Wace.","Prior to becoming a member of this group, a lowly kitchen boy received the nickname \"Good Hands,\" or \"Beaumains.\" A vacant spot among this group, Siege Perilous,","is filled by a youthful bastard child who begins the Grail Quest.","For 10 points, name this group, all of whose members supposedly had equal status, that hung out at King Arthur's Court."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df8012e66cc66ca571cfd0.json b/tossups/d0/62df8012e66cc66ca571cfd0.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.12],[4.24,8.04],[8.16,13.6],[13.72,19.04],[19.16,26.6],[26.72,32.2]],"texts":["This location that was part of a larger battle was defended by troops under Paddy O'Rorke, who died here.","Charles Hazlett died at this position after setting up his artillery to help secure it.","One man who died at this location of a greater battle cried out \"Don't give an inch!\" before being shot in its defense.","That man, Strong Vincent, and G.K. Warren helped organize troops here once it was discovered to be undefended.","William C. Oates led a portion of the 15th Alabama against this position, which was held by a bayonet charge led by the 20th Maine under Joshua Chamberlain.","For 10 points, name this location during the Battle of Gettsyburg that shares part of its name with a larger hill."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.32],[7.44,16.48],[16.6,24.72],[24.84,31.68]],"texts":["Future Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist operated on this man after he was accidentally shot in the chest with an M-16 in 1991.","As head of the army's officer school at Fort Leavenworth, this man oversaw the writing of Army Field Manual 3-24, which was an effort to revise counterinsurgency doctrine.","This man assumed his current position shortly after his predecessor, Stanley McCrystal, was fired for comments he made regarding civilian military policy in Rolling Stone.","For 10 points, name this one-time commander of the Multi-National Forces in Iraq, and current commander of U.S. forces in Afghanistan."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0d0.opus b/tossups/d0/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0d0.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df83920c3a38102cd758d0.json b/tossups/d0/62df83920c3a38102cd758d0.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.64],[5.76,13.2],[13.32,22.92],[23.04,30.84],[30.96,37.16],[37.28,42.36]],"texts":["This ballet's conceit was expanded from a programmatic piano concerto into a full story by Alexander Benois.","Benois abandoned its original conception as a duel provoked by an arpeggio fan, who goads an exhausted orchestra into a series of trumpet blasts.","In its final tableau, a clarinet and tuba depict \"the peasant and the bear\" and other set-pieces such as \"the dance of the coachmen and grooms\" animating a Shrovetide fair.","The title figure's frustration is represented by two clarinets simultaneously playing in C major and F sharp major, creating this ballet's namesake chord.","At the end, the title character's ghost condemns the magician who has allowed a Moor to kill him, as his body leaks sawdust below.","For 10 points, name this ballet about a puppet who is brought to life, which was composed by Igor Stravinsky."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df83920c3a38102cd759d0.json b/tossups/d0/62df83920c3a38102cd759d0.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/d0/62df83920c3a38102cd759d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.2],[8.32,16.24],[16.36,25.08],[25.2,33.56]],"texts":["For an ideal turbine, this quantity is given by one minus the pressure ratio to the quantity one minus specific heat ratio all over specific heat ratio.","In general, this quantity characterizes the forward operation of systems that, when run in reverse, are characterized by coefficients of performance.","Defined as the ratio of useful work evolved to heat input, this quantity is maximized for reversible processes according to one statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.","For 10 points, name this quantity that, for a two-reservoir heat engine, is bounded by one minus the temperature ratio, a value for this quantity named for Carnot."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379d0.json b/tossups/d0/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9dff440d49ec5005ed1c48ebeb0b1c92aab826b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.48],[5.6,11.72],[11.84,20.96],[21.08,28.4],[28.52,34.04]],"texts":["In this work, a story is related of a woman whose corpse is exhumed so that she can become the wife of a king named Peter.","Besides telling of Ines de Castro, this work contains characters such as Monsayeed, who warns the main character of a plot against him.","The main character of this work is opposed by Bacchus, who takes the guise of various Moors, but is helped by Venus, who eventually guides him to the Isle of Love, where he falls in love with Tethys.","In this work, Adamastor represents the dangers faced by sailors near the Cape of Good Hope, and Vasco da Gama faces peril in Calicut.","For 10 points, name this poem by Luis Vaz de Camoes, the national epic of Portugal."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df8ab610329be735a33ed0.json b/tossups/d0/62df8ab610329be735a33ed0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..beb750d519ae70eede7b7601c6841f732fa31a63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62df8ab610329be735a33ed0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.88],[6.0,14.32],[14.44,23.24],[23.36,28.84],[28.96,32.0]],"texts":["In the 17th century, a town located on this lake, Granada, was attacked by pirates led by Henry Morgan.","This lake is home to an archipelago on which Father Cardenal built a church and attracted a community of artists; that archipelago includes San Fernando Island and Mancarron Island.","This lake, which contains the Solentiname Islands and the islands of Zapatera and Ometepe, contains a namesake bull shark and is connected to the Caribbean Sea by the San Juan River.","Early plans for building a canal to connect the Atlantic and Pacific involved building through the isthmus of Rivas and this lake.","For 10 points, name the largest lake in Central America."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/d0/62df8ab610329be735a33fd0.json b/tossups/d0/62df8ab610329be735a33fd0.json
new file mode 100644
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.24],[6.36,11.04],[11.16,17.8],[17.92,24.4],[24.52,28.08],[28.2,32.64],[32.76,38.84]],"texts":["The rate at which these events occur can be determined by dividing Watterson's estimator by four times the effective population size.","E. coli strains in which glycosylases are damaged are named for their high occurence of these.","Replica plated bacteria that were then subjected to a phage were used to show how these occurrences behave randomly in the Luria-Delbruck experiment.","The ability of bacteria to live on media lacking histidine is the basis of the Ames method for testing a substance's ability to cause these.","Repair enzymes can stop these from propagating to the next generation.","These events provide the variation on which evolution acts by creating new alleles.","For 10 points, name these events in which DNA changes because of errors in replications, noxious chemicals, or radiation."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956d0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4462e2aaa780f8f45a102e903c1c4b969f2fa1b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba956d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.88],[8.0,14.32],[14.44,22.08],[22.2,29.44],[29.56,38.64],[38.76,46.48],[46.6,51.8],[51.92,56.64]],"texts":["One character in this novel known for giving long speeches explaining mundane objects is run over by a cart while giving an impromptu talk on the defnition of pavement.","The author gives a self-portrait in a character who edits the magazine Animal World before being fred for inventing fctional beasts.","In a chapter named for the protagonist's \"Anabasis,\" he wanders the countryside afer being kicked of a train for accidentally hitting the emergency brake.","The protagonist works for the alcoholic chaplain Otto Katz, who substitutes a sports trophy for the communion chalice and loses him in a poker game to Lukas.","The main character of this novel uses his experience as a dogcatcher to steal Colonel Kraus von Zillergut's dog as a gif for his com-manding ofcer, who does not know the dog is stolen.","This novel's title character is initially put in an asylum as unft to serve, but goes to the front afer his cleaning woman takes him to a recruiting ofce in a wheelchair.","At the end, the title character is arrested by his own troops afer trying on a Russian soldier's uniform.","For 10 points, name this picaresque novel about a foolish Czech infantryman by Jaroslav Hasek."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957d0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..31ad32d94624cb1d458a68949c2da5e74059dfaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.32],[4.44,16.36],[16.48,19.84],[19.96,28.16],[28.28,35.4],[35.52,42.64],[42.76,48.64],[48.76,53.4]],"texts":["This artist's bookplate features a spilled ink-bottle splashing across a notebook page.","This artist was inspired by a Native-American headdress in a Frederic Remington painting and an aerial lawn photograph reminiscent of a tennis court to create a set of four pieces for the sculpture garden at Nelson-Atkins Museum in Kansas City,","which depicts large white feathers that must be repainted every year.","He once created a set of furry ice cream bars and originally included an infatable balloon at the top of a work that was initially installed on Beinecke Plaza.","This sculptor of the Shuttlecock series created a work in which blue bristles fail above a red wheel, with his longtime collaborator Coosje van Bruggen,","and assembled an object in the Morse College courtyard at Yale, consisting of a tank-shaped base topped by the title red-tipped, vertical tube.","This artist's sculptures include Typewriter Eraser, Scale X and Lipstick Ascending on Caterpillar Tracks.","For 10 points, name this Swedish sculptor of sof sculptures depicting massive everyday objects."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958d0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f408542e0606628279ae9c6b6ef1adea9f114acb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.72],[8.84,11.92],[12.04,20.0],[20.12,26.92],[27.04,30.88],[31.0,38.16],[38.28,45.48]],"texts":["A popular story says that, early in his life, this man killed the French fur trader Captain Shunar, aka Joseph Chouinard, at a 3 rendezvous on the Green River,","because the Captain declared that all Americans were cowards.","Along with Edward Beale, this man miraculously escaped from a siege on Mule Hill in the middle of the Battle of San Pasqual, which allowed reinforcements to be alerted.","During his best-known action, his regiment launched a scorched earth strategy which included burning all of the peach trees in the Canyon de Chelly,","and then he laid siege to Fortress Rock during his pursuit of Barboncito.","That victory led to the \"Long Walk\" to Bosque Redondo, during which this man's regiment forced the Mescalero Apaches and the Navajo to relocate.","For 10 points, name this frontiersman who was hired by John C. Fremont as a scout, and who gives his name to the capital of Nevada."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959d0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e133a44dab906f538cdcaaa729a802f667fed84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.96],[8.08,14.8],[14.92,18.24],[18.36,27.72],[27.84,32.24],[32.36,41.44],[41.56,48.24],[48.36,54.16]],"texts":["An apocryphal story about the construction of one of this building's elements holds the architect was sick in bed when he stumbled on a photograph of the tower at the Salamanca Cathedral.","The architect was inspired by French Auvergne mosaics to mix Dedham granite with a Longmeadow sandstone trim for this building's facade,","which prefgured his trademark tech-nique of mixing diferent stones.","This building's rounded arches, rough-faced stone masonry, and polychrome facades became characteristic of a popular style of Romanesque Revival architecture named afer its architect.","The artist John La Farge was commissioned to fnish this building's interior murals,","and four stained glass pieces including The Worship of the Shepherds and David's Charge to Solomon were designed for this place by Edward Burne-Jones, though they were completed by William Morris.","Outside its lef entrance, there is a Saint-Gaudens statue of Rector Phillips Brooks who commissioned Henry Hobson Richardson to design this building.","Standing beside John Hancock Tower in Copley Square, for 10 points, name this Episcopal church in Boston."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ad0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ad0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a64cd9476f9585364f4148a9af45f4279ef19f97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ad0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.84],[8.96,14.84],[14.96,15.96],[16.08,26.0],[26.12,33.36],[33.48,41.28],[41.4,48.84]],"texts":["This thinker concluded that humanity are heirs to \"symmetry\" and \"breakings of symmetry\" in an essay about an anti-gravitational effect at the origin of the Universe.","In another essay, this thinker argued that Madonna has no \"sexual otherness\" and thus she must be fighting against her own body.","Those essays,","\"The Secret Vestiges of Creation\" and \"The 'Laying Off' of Desire,\" appear in a collection in which this author becomes a detective and investigates the \"murder of reality,\" The Perfect Crime.","This philosopher used the fable \"On Exactitude in Science\" by Borges to examine how symbols were destroying the underlying real society.","In another essay, he argued that the image of war superseded the actual conflict, and ultimately concluded that Saddam Hussein never truly lost.","For 10 points, name this philosopher who wrote Simulacra and Simulation and notoriously asserted \"The Gulf War did not take place.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bd0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bd0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bfa42363778cc13b5a484fd4b3c03138353fe93a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bd0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.84],[7.96,14.08],[14.2,22.08],[22.2,30.52],[30.64,36.64],[36.76,44.2],[44.32,46.68],[46.8,51.28]],"texts":["The academic study of these texts is the subject of an essay by Jean Jacques Waardenburg that seeks to determine whether there is a standard methodology for writing them.","One of these texts states that distinct black and white threads represent the darkness of the night and the lightness of the day,","while another notes that Jesus cannot be held accountable for being deified after his death and therefore is not part of the \"firewood of hell\" made from inanimate objects of worship.","These texts are called diraya when they are based on ijtihad, or independent reasoning, and they are called riwaya when they're based on sources like the tabi'un and sahabah.","Authors of these texts, exemplified by al-Zamakhshari and al-Tabari, are known as mufassirun.","To be considered authoritative, those authors of these texts must have mastered fifteen fields of study, among which are fiqh and classical Arabic.","These works include taw'il and tafsir.","For 10 points, identify these texts that explain the meaning of passages from the holy book of Islam."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cd0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cd0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..579cc5b9da96fad26f993304953430aac45a3daa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cd0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.48],[9.6,26.08],[26.2,34.0],[34.12,41.44],[41.56,47.08]],"texts":["In the introduction to one book, this thinker explained he was motivated to write it after being surprised to discover that The Symposium was a defense of \"homosexual love.\" In that book,","this thinker compares eating chocolate ice cream instead of vanilla if the \"price of vanilla skyrockets\" with the choice to \"engage in homosexual or heterosexual acts.\" He announced that he would range himself \"on the side of the Skeptics\" in a 1990 book that credited Jeremy Bentham for the \"pragmatic concept of law\" it advocated.","This author of Sex and Reason proposed a model of \"risky sexual behavior\" in an analysis of the AIDS crisis, Private Choices and Public Health.","This author of the books The Problems of Jurisprudence and Antitrust Law was appointed in 1981 to the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals.","For 10 points, name this leading figure in the law-and-economics movement, who runs a blog with Gary Becker."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962d0.json b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962d0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b8c02e56bc84ce45bfd0e8eaa599be8d2e9fe508
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/d0/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962d0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.2],[5.32,16.24],[16.36,24.0],[24.12,26.88]],"texts":["Lyndall Gordon's biography of this poet emphasised the importance of familial conflicts in this poet's life.","A poem titled for this poet talks of a \"dead Silencer\" who \"desired so much-in vain to ask.\" This poet described the title concept as something \"whose crumbs the crows inspect\" in \"Fame is a fickle food\".","Another poem by her describes passing by \"the Fields of Gazing Grain\" and \"the Setting Sun\" in vehicle which \"held but just Ourselves And Immortality.\" For 10 points,","name this poet of \"Because I could not stop for Death.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/dc/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87dc.json b/tossups/dc/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87dc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9d9a78170633d2e153b9201e56ebf79bf1af79cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/dc/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87dc.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.24],[8.36,12.56],[12.68,18.16],[18.28,24.6],[24.72,27.8],[27.92,34.32],[34.44,39.32],[39.44,44.76]],"texts":["In a story by this author, a disoriented new immigrant from Bombay moves to D.C. and finds himself annoyed by the \"bad sanskrit\" of the white Hare Krishnas in his neighborhood.","That character, Santosh, later marries the \"hubshi\" woman who takes care of his apartment.","Dayo is driven out of operating his roti-shop after moving to England in another of this author's stories.","This author of \"One Out of Many\" and \"Tell Me Who To Kill\" wrote a story in which a Zulu man spits on Linda's husband, Bobby,","after he flirts with him while traveling through a fictional African country.","Man Man and Bogart are two characters who frequently appear in a collection by this author titled for a neighborhood in Port of Spain,","where he also set a novel about a man who desires to please his Tulsi in-laws with the title structure.","For 10 points name this author of \"In a Free State,\" Miguel Street, and A House for Mister Biswas."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/dc/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4dc.json b/tossups/dc/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4dc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bac6e77844671d8facb179121b03afcac1a586e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/dc/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4dc.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.88],[7.0,11.96],[12.08,18.08],[18.2,26.76],[26.88,33.28],[33.4,41.0]],"texts":["This artist's Diary of His Journey in the Netherlands recounts the detour to Zeeland that resulted in his watercolor of a Head of a Walrus.","The Getty Museum pairs this artist's quote that \"art is omnipresent in nature\" with his drawing of a stag beetle.","Among this artist's many works in the Albertina museum is a highly naturalistic watercolor of a Young Hare.","He drew on first-hand accounts from Lisbon, despite never seeing the title creature himself, for a sketch showing the title Indian animal with a body resembling plate armor.","In another of this artist's works, a lion slumbers in the foreground as the title saint transcribes the Vulgate.","A sketch of a Rhinoceros and a grayscale version of Saint Jerome in His Study were done by, for 10 points, what German engraver of Melencolia I?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/dc/62df7ca243aee49db2f768dc.json b/tossups/dc/62df7ca243aee49db2f768dc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38c59abe07e96a7ba85bef09f8eed443888b6b91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/dc/62df7ca243aee49db2f768dc.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.2],[5.32,11.76],[11.88,19.24],[19.36,25.96],[26.08,33.24],[33.36,39.56]],"texts":["A female addressee in this poem is told, \"Nay, smile not at my sullen brow, Alas!","I cannot smile again.\" Alphonse de Lamartine, dissatisfied with this poem's conclusion, published a \"last stanza\" for it.","This poem describes a place with \"society, where none intrudes,\" which incites the speaker to rhapsodize, \"I love not Man the less,","but Nature more,\" in its \"Apostrophe to the Ocean.\" This poem's author, who is essentially indistinguishable from the title character,","provides a description of a Spanish bullfight and being shipwrecked in Albania, and its fourth canto describes tours through Ferrara, Florence, and Rome.","For 10 points, name this long narrative poem ostensibly about a young noble's travels through Europe, written by Lord Byron."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/dc/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0dc.json b/tossups/dc/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0dc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c90d4f099744c3510bbfb5fa2fea4bb7101870c
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+++ b/tossups/dc/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0dc.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.0],[9.12,18.88],[19.0,22.4],[22.52,28.72],[28.84,37.24],[37.36,41.2]],"texts":["This book uses the metaphor of constructing a jigsaw puzzle where all of the pieces not only make a picture, but also fit perfectly together, as an illustration of the title process.","This book later asserts that most view the title process as the addition of bricks to a building, lending it a certain \"invisibility.\" Watkins, Toulmin, Lakatos, Feyerabend,","and Popper held a symposium specifically to criticize this book,","which explains that the individuals who argue from the standpoint of before and after the title process end up talking past one another.","Its author uses the mixture of water and alcohol, atomic theory, and the Copernican hypothesis to illustrate the title process, which results in paradigm shifts.","For 10 points, name this book about the history of science, written by Thomas Kuhn."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/dc/62df83920c3a38102cd756dc.json b/tossups/dc/62df83920c3a38102cd756dc.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6958af1c08d793265240388984bee760a91ad2c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/dc/62df83920c3a38102cd756dc.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.36],[8.48,13.6],[13.72,24.76],[24.88,33.68]],"texts":["In one section of this work, the reason for asking what the value of a Roman penny was is given as an example of an \"unguided\" as opposed to \"regulated\" train of thought.","Another part of this work discusses \"virtues intellectual\" as having a \"natural\" and \"acquired\" type,","the former being partially made up of the \"celerity of imagining.\" This work claims the change in the mind of an image once it is no longer seen is man's \"decaying sense\" in the section \"Of Imagination.\" For 10 points,","name this work with sections \"Of Man\" and \"Of Commonwealth\" that says life in a state of nature is \"nasty, brutish, and short,\" and which was written by Thomas Hobbes."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1be0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1be0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cf38a2bc0b09390b9b0f81b884f9dd32fd4951f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1be0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.88],[5.0,12.12],[12.24,17.84],[17.96,24.88],[25.0,30.8],[30.92,38.28]],"texts":["A month before this battle, the victorious side crossed the Sava River and seized the fortress of Petervarad.","The defeated army in this battle was commanded by the Archbishop of Kolocsa and its ruler was wounded and drowned from the weight of his armor in the Csele River.","The result of this battle was overturned in a 1687 battle at the same site won by Charles V of Lorraine.","The losing general in this battle was Pal Tomori, and the death of the king he served meant that after this battle, the Crown of Saint Stephen went to the House of Habsburg.","The winner of this battle defeated a frontal cavalry charge with his janissaries and went on to sack and then retreat from Buda.","For 10 points, name this 1526 defeat of Louis II by Suleiman the Magnificent that led to the Ottoman conquest of Hungary."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1ce0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1ce0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e854b95edf76c74050935e5a8f63788184b3450
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a1ce0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.8],[4.92,12.16],[12.28,20.08],[20.2,28.0],[28.12,30.84],[30.96,38.12]],"texts":["This artist left an unfinished portrait of Anna Landolt on the back of one of his canvases;","that work had a later version with an erotic sculpture of a man and a woman on the table that previously held only a mirror, book, and vial.","In another work, the ghostly title figure raises her finger to her lips to hush a man who is yielding his weapons in Lady Macbeth Seizing the Daggers.","This artist depicted a man sitting cross-legged with his long hair falling down into his lap in his Silence, while another work includes red curtains in the background,","from which a demonic horse's head emerges.","For 10 points, name this Swiss-born creator of a painting that shows an incubus sitting on a white-clad sleeping woman, titled The Nightmare."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4de0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4de0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1df056ddd2157f696bccd75cbd0ba3e62ca38aab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4de0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.56],[9.68,14.6],[14.72,21.04],[21.16,31.2],[31.32,36.08],[36.2,39.08]],"texts":["A Charles Ives piece for this many instruments contains a second movement titled TSIAJ, or \"This Scherzo is a Joke,\" which parodies many folk songs popular during his time at Yale.","The now-extinct baryton features in 123 pieces for this many performers by Joseph Haydn.","A piece featuring this many performers by Mozart was dedicated to the Jacquin family and is nicknamed \"Kegelstatt\".","Haydn also wrote a piece for this many performers nicknamed \"Gypsy.\" Rudolf, the son of Leopold II, was the dedicatee of a piece for this many performers by Beethoven nicknamed after the Archduke;","Beethoven's other pieces featuring this many performers including one nicknamed Ghost.","For 10 points, name this number of performers in a trio."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ee0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ee0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c09fa67d9903d9d877cf7c0976beba4c7d3de2cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a4ee0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.52],[6.64,11.16],[11.28,16.28],[16.4,20.72],[20.84,29.2],[29.32,33.32]],"texts":["This author wrote a novel about the schoolteacher Mister Churchill, who is urged to write a romance by the title character, a preacher named Kavanagh.","This author wrote a poem whose subject lived a life \"more benedight\" than any legend in a book.","This author wrote about a woman who tends to the sick in Philadelphia, where she reunites with her love on his deathbed.","In a poem by this author, a woodpecker helps a hero kill the evil magician Pearl-Feather.","The line \"This is the forest primeval\" opens another poem by this author, who wrote an epic whose Ojibwe hero mourns the death of Minnehaha.","For 10 points, what poet of The Song of Hiawatha wrote \"Paul Revere's Ride\"?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..75d1236c2752e5bed21074bd6c49ac3515f06d60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.6],[5.72,10.04],[10.16,13.36],[13.48,17.68],[17.8,25.48],[25.6,32.16],[32.28,39.96]],"texts":["One mayor of this city inspired controversy when a camera caught him uttering profanities and anti-Semitic slurs,","after which he offered the unconvincing explanation that he was calling the speaker a \"faker\".","Another mayor of this city was assassinated by Patrick Prendergast.","Another mayor was killed by Giuseppe Zangara in an attempt to assassinate the President.","The first man mentioned had his namesake Delegation unseated at a national convention of his party, and the latter two were Carter Harrison and Anton Cermak.","This city was the namesake of a group of seven protestors arrested during an event here in which police used \"Gestapo tactics\".","For ten points, name this city, the home of the 1968 Democratic National Convention in which Barack Obama worked as a community organizer."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3285fe3eb03722efd20c6c4287ae1977065166a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,12.12],[12.24,17.16],[17.28,22.92],[23.04,36.2],[36.32,44.36]],"texts":["One of these institutions dealt with the issue of \"separating hard and white.\" These institutions refined the original methods of \"correlative thinking.\" Lewis Maverick wrote that the Physiocrats modeled themselves on one of these institutions,","which contended that the man who introduced \"five cereals\" for cultivation was the ideal king.","In a story from one of these institutions, kings needing to sate people's conflicting desires is the origin of rituals.","One of these institutions that promulgated such ideas as \"a white horse is not a horse\" was named after \"names.\" The so-called \"Golden Age of Chinese Philosophy\" is known as the \"contention\" of one hundred of these institutions.","For 10 points, name these institutions, of which only a few outside of Legalism survived when Qin Shi Huangdi initiated the \"burning of books and killing of scholars.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..861811e2343cd8f09aa483b134c15fa14d988f74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae4e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.8],[4.92,10.8],[10.92,16.32],[16.44,21.56],[21.68,28.4],[28.52,33.72],[33.84,38.88]],"texts":["The Ordene de chevalerie claims that this ruler was trained by Hugh II of Tiberias in knighthood.","Kaiser Wilhelm II left a gilt bronze wreath at this ruler's tomb, to which he also gifted an empty marble sarcophagus.","Pope Gregory VIII hastily issued the bull Audita tremendi after receiving news of one of this ruler's victories.","This ruler used a racing camel to flee from forces commanded by a 16-year old king afflicted with leprosy.","This ruler took custody of the True Cross after defeating Guy de Lusignan near an extinct volcano known as the Horns of Hattin.","An English tithe named after this ruler was used to fund a military campaign led by Richard the Lionheart.","For 10 points, name this founder of the Ayyubid dynasty whose capture of Jerusalem caused the Third Crusade."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae5e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae5e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..607dadbb603d465219f8a610d676d81e5b0d2542
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae5e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.28],[7.4,16.64],[16.76,23.0],[23.12,28.0],[28.12,32.88],[33.0,38.36]],"texts":["This family's apartment is described as part of an \"interfused mass of automatism\" created by \"hive-like conglomerations of cellular living-units\".","This family's son rebukes one criticism by saying \"I didn't go to the moon, I went much further\" before saying he followed in his \"father's footsteps\" by descending the fire escape for the last time.","This family's mother misses a D.A.R. meeting to stop by Rubicam's business college to talk to a typing instructor about her daughter's cold.","That daughter in this family scolds her brother for failing to realize his colleague at the shoe factory is engaged.","Its matriarch recounts a single afternoon in Blue Mountain when she received 17 gentleman callers.","Tom, Laura, and Amanda are members of, for 10 points, what family from The Glass Menagerie?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3aac4f835f2c686206bb577855279af6ed3bfac1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,12.2],[12.32,17.96],[18.08,27.68],[27.8,35.64],[35.76,40.08]],"texts":["The last chapter of this novel's first book contains a long riddle on a bronze plate which states \"How praiseworthy he Who shall have persevered even to the end!\" 720,831 golden sheep are housed in a hexagonal complex in this novel,","whose gate features an inscription prohibiting the entrance of userers, clerks, attorneys, and \"vile bigots\".","That place in this novel is built to celebrate the end of a war over bakers refusing to sell cakes, and inspired the personal motto of Aleister Crowley by having one sole rule: \"Do what thou wilt\".","This novel describes the construction of the utopian Abbey of Theleme after a war against Picrochole and the Dipsodes to honor the service of Friar John of the Funnels.","For 10 points, name this novel about a pair of giants by Francois Rabelais."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8e0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ca2780850429135e7fa1215b9d35dd7d324eb217
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae8e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.76],[5.88,10.0],[10.12,14.88],[15.0,18.08],[18.2,25.32],[25.44,33.6],[33.72,38.68]],"texts":["In yeast research, an n-butanol-based reporter system is commonly used to measure the synthesis of this molecule.","In plants, glyoxylate and this molecule are acted on by malate synthase.","Pantothenic acid is the key input to the biosynthesis of this molecule's principal component.","The carnitine shuttle imports this molecule into the mitochondria.","During fasting, increased gluconeogenesis promotes the conversion of this molecule into ketone bodies to be released into the bloodstream.","Thiolase produces this molecule during the beta oxidation of fatty acids, and it combines with oxaloacetate in the first step of the TCA cycle.","For 10 points, name this molecule produced from the oxidation of pyruvate after glycolysis."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aece0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aece0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2c33c06f15a6b709dae5d18996b9b6e7bfa57c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aece0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,11.76],[11.88,19.64],[19.76,27.8],[27.92,34.12]],"texts":["After a traveler to this city had a carpet stolen, a judge ruled that he had only dreamed of having it, and charged him three pieces of silver for interpreting his dreams.","The Book of Revelation compares Jerusalem to this city when describing the death of the two witnesses.","Along with Noah's survival of the flood, the saving of one inhabitant of this city is used as an example of God's ability to save the righteous while punishing the sinful in 2 Peter.","God tasked Abraham with finding ten righteous people in this city, one inhabitant of which offered his two daughters to a mob who wished to rape his angelic guests.","A woman was turned into a pillar of salt while fleeing, for 10 points, what city home to Lot, which was destroyed along with Gomorrah?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aede0.json b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aede0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6043babe42bae02d87a441e4a47511599b608c59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aede0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,1.52],[1.64,7.84],[7.96,14.36],[14.48,19.44],[19.56,25.56],[25.68,29.56],[29.68,34.2],[34.32,39.96],[40.08,44.36]],"texts":["Description acceptable.","Opposition to negotiations during this process led groups of right-wingers to storm a World Trade Center at Kempton Park.","The Bisho Massacre occurred during this process, during which the \"rolling mass action\" protest strategy was developed by Joe Slovo.","This process was the goal of a movement whose members include the author of I Will Write What I Like.","After the breakdown of CODESA I and II, negotiations during this process were led on one side by Cyril Ramaphosa.","Steve Biko and the Black Consciousness Movement agitated for this process.","At the conclusion of this process, a national army incorporated Umkhonto we Sizwe.","F.W. de Klerk's release of a longtime political prisoner from Robben Island laid the foundation for this process' completion.","For 10 points, give this process, which ended white minority rule in South Africa."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7387e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7387e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..63230843a240679965393ca5d3c01c686ac9ec87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7387e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.8],[8.92,13.68],[13.8,22.56],[22.68,29.12],[29.24,38.32],[38.44,47.8],[47.92,53.68]],"texts":["This noun appears in the title of a short piece that opens with a rising and falling theme in the right hand that goes B, E, A-sharp, high B, G,","E before the left hand begins playing a tremolo alternating between B flat and A natural.","Two unusual seven-note chords end that Franz Liszt piece, whose title shares this noun with a song whose English lyric adaptation is often called \"The Bluest Kind of Blues\".","A movement with this title features an F-sharp major interlude marked \"Un peu anime\" that is dominated by flute and harp.","That movement with this title opens with a melody played by the clarinets and bassoons before the cor anglais enters playing a theme that begins with a rising triplet starting on G-sharp.","A song first recorded in 1940 by the Quintette du Hot Club du France shares this title with a movement that is followed by \"Fetes\" and \"Sirenes\" in an 1899 suite.","For 10 points, give this atmospheric name shared by a Django Reinhardt standard and the first of Debussy's Nocturnes."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7388e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7388e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..14fc1cf596798689f95813498891018983508893
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7388e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.92],[10.04,19.28],[19.4,23.8],[23.92,30.16],[30.28,41.56],[41.68,45.84],[45.96,49.08]],"texts":["A renovation project led by this architect added a fir-paneled irregular-spiral accessibility ramp in the Walker Court and a new wing with a blue exterior featuring two snakelike cantilevered staircases.","A still-unbuilt design by this architect includes an almost 500-foot-long stainless steel \"tapestry\" depicting images of the Midwest as well as two 80-foot-tall posts suggesting the ruins of a temple.","A residential tower designed by this man is located at 8 Spruce Street in Manhattan.","He led the 2008 redesign of the Art Gallery of Ontario and designed the planned Dwight D. Eisenhower memorial.","Coosje van Bruggen and Claes Oldenburg designed the distinctive parking garage entrance of this man's \"Binoculars Building.\" Another of his projects has a central atrium nicknamed \"the flower\" and is located on the Nervion River;","that museum is clad in his characteristic undulating titanium sheets.","For 10 points, name this architect of the Guggenheim Bilbao."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..51e033c3ed15c68928be737b20f1d1d26d1697d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df3a4b1c64d9772f7389e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.68],[4.8,13.08],[13.2,20.08],[20.2,25.76],[25.88,32.0],[32.12,38.36],[38.48,42.8]],"texts":["On the advice of a religious mystic, this event was delayed until a Saturday fell on the twelfth of a month,","which started a tradition of associating luckiness with projects begun on the \"Saturday of departure.\" A primary account of this event is found in the Chronicle of the Seeker.","A harem of 500 women led by Inari Konte joined the leader of this event, who was performing repentance for killing his mother, Nana.","Ships carried by those returning from this event were targeted in a revolt by the vassal state of Djenne at the town of Kami.","The architect Ishak el Teudjin was recruited during this event, leading to the construction of the Djinguereber Mosque.","This event, which started from Niani, resulted in so much gold being distributed in Cairo that its prices were depressed for years.","For 10 points, name this religious pilgrimage undertaken by an emperor of Mali."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df3ddba2602b93e04081e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df3ddba2602b93e04081e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c071f61f5845fb08052817e57203d8cf6f86eaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df3ddba2602b93e04081e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.92],[7.04,13.56],[13.68,21.32],[21.44,25.08],[25.2,31.2],[31.32,39.28],[39.4,45.72]],"texts":["The title of one of this author's works is taken from the last line of Guillaume Appollinaire's \"Zone\" and is called Solar Throat Slashed.","This author, who would abandon Surrealism, worked in odd formats such as his \"oratorio\" for the stage, And the Dogs Were Silent.","Other works include the elegies \"The Tomb of Paul Eluard\" and \"Statue of Lafcadio Hearn\" which were collected in this author's volume Ferraments,","whose title refers obliquely to the shackles that once bound his ancestors.","His overtly political works include a play about a ruler of Haiti and another about the execution of Patrice Lumumba.","Those works, The Tragedy of King Christophe and A Season in the Congo, were written after he helped found a literary movement alongside Leon Damas and Leopold Senghor.","For 10 points, identify this author of \"Notes From a Return to the Native Land,\" a Martinique born founder of Negritude."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df7ca243aee49db2f768e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df7ca243aee49db2f768e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..737e1da343c7da310a941ab3a93d1224db1b8da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df7ca243aee49db2f768e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.76],[6.88,10.72],[10.84,16.96],[17.08,22.16],[22.28,30.92],[31.04,35.4]],"texts":["The eastern portion of this building includes limewood paneling incorporating a rocket, as well as the names of 28,000 deceased American soldiers.","A continuous peristyle lies below the Stone Gallery surrounding this building's dome.","Above the keystones of this building's interior arches is the \"Whispering Gallery,\" which produces unusual acoustics.","Herbert Mason's photograph demonstrating that this building \"Survives\" became a symbol of resilience during the Blitz.","Tombs in this building include John Donne's and that of the architect himself, above which is written in Latin \"Reader, if you seek his monument, look around you.\" For 10 points,","name this cathedral that was redesigned after the Great Fire of London by Sir Christopher Wren."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..98800083a47620905d60fd648855c5c294f7a3c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/e0/62df8012e66cc66ca571d1e0.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.0],[6.12,13.0],[13.12,20.36],[20.48,30.28],[30.4,35.84],[35.96,41.56]],"texts":["This man showed how interaural level differences and interaural time differences lead to sound localization.","He first mathematically described the instability of a denser fluid when placed above a less dense fluid, an instability co-named for Taylor.","The viscosity and thermal diffusivity appear in the denominator of his namesake number, which is low when conduction occurs and high when convection occurs.","For a circular aperture, 1.22 times the wavelength divided by the aperture's diameter yields this man's criterion, which gives the minimal angular separation required to resolve two separate images.","When the natural frequency of the atom is much greater than that of incident radiation, his namesake scattering occurs.","For 10 points, name this physicist who won the 1904 Nobel Prize for the discovery of argon."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/e0/62df83920c3a38102cd756e0.json b/tossups/e0/62df83920c3a38102cd756e0.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ae8f34939a0c2d3ea1ac979c51cb3f0bdad09c1d
--- /dev/null
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.52],[5.64,15.6],[15.72,23.12],[23.24,29.72],[29.84,35.36]],"texts":["This alphabet is used to write the Cia-Cia language, which is spoken in a chain of islands off Sulawesi.","This alphabet is also known by a term that translates as \"writing one can learn in a morning\", and one reformer of this alphabet brutally suppressed a general strike on his country's largest island.","This alphabet is transliterated using the McCune-Reischauer system, and was banned under a cultural assimilation policy before the outbreak of World War II.","This alphabet is known by two different names in the two countries in which it is official, and was created by the Scholars of the Jade Hall.","For ten points, name this alphabet whose creation was commissioned by Sejong the Great and is used to write Korean."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.84],[4.96,11.08],[11.2,18.44],[18.56,24.24],[24.36,29.36],[29.48,33.56]],"texts":["A novel version of this class of material was recently observed in a thin film of titanium nitride.","The observed effect may be a particle-vortex dual of the BCS phenomenon, and was dubbed a \"super-\" this.","Another variety exhibits the quantum spin Hall effect, when charges move only on the boundary of a material that is considered a \"topological\" one.","A more well-known class of these materials has strong electron-electron interactions, and is named for Neville Mott.","The most easily understood ones have a band gap, so that electrons cannot enter excited states.","For 10 points, what is this class of materials that do not conduct electricity?"]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.8],[6.92,13.92],[14.04,23.52],[23.64,28.16],[28.28,33.4]],"texts":["This king of England partially agreed to Pope Paschal II's reforms by giving up the power of investiture, but retaining that of homage.","Soon after taking the throne, he promised to end the confiscation of church property in a predecessor to the Magna Carta called the Charter of Liberties.","This king married his daughter off to Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. Tragedy struck for this king when his heir, William Adelin, died in the alcohol-induced White Ship disaster; after he died,","the nobility refused to accept the rule of his daughter Matilda and supported Stephen of Blois instead.","For 10 points, name this king of England, a son of William the Conqueror whose death gave rise to The Anarchy."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.56],[7.68,14.64],[14.76,23.64],[23.76,28.4]],"texts":["The most sparsely populated one of these twenty-two entities has a capital at Xining and hosts a historic lake which is home to the migratory stopover Bird Island.","Another of these entities is assigned control, on paper, of Quemoy and Matsu, which are under the de facto control of another government.","In addition to Qinghai and Fujian, these entities include one which is coterminous with a southern island, Heinan, and cuisine namesakes such as Hunan and Sichuan.","For 10 points, identify these most common administrative divisions of the world's most populous country."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.96],[7.08,15.6],[15.72,25.56],[25.68,26.84],[26.96,34.0],[34.12,38.2]],"texts":["In the third act of this opera, characters watch a ballet in which people dressed as Spanish gypsies sing about a matador named Piquillo.","The male lead in this opera confesses his love for the female lead in the duet \"Un di felice eterea,\" although he later humiliates her by throwing his gambling winnings at her feet.","The first act of this opera ends with the title character singing \"Sempre libera,\" and is set at a party whose guests sing \"Libiamo, libiamo, ne' lieti calici,\" this opera's brindisi,","or drinking song.","Germont convinces this opera's title character to return to Paris and abandon her lover Alfredo, causing her to die of tuberculosis.","For 10 points, name this Verdi opera about Violetta, the title courtesan."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.32],[4.44,12.0],[12.12,16.76],[16.88,23.8],[23.92,29.64]],"texts":["A key moment in this battle was Titus Labienus's filling a breach in one side's lines.","One commander in this battle was Commius, whose only success in his offensives was quickly counteracted by cavalry under Gaius Trebonius and Mark Antony.","A group of Mandubii civilians became trapped between the two sides of this battle and were left to starve.","The victor of this battle built two sets of fortifications, one facing inwards and the other outwards, to prevent relief of the namesake besieged city.","For 10 points, name this 52 BCE battle in which Julius Caesar defeated the Gauls under Vercingetorix."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.28],[7.4,14.12],[14.24,22.0],[22.12,28.32],[28.44,33.04]],"texts":["Characters in this novel include a Traction Street Company executive whose daughter elopes with the protagonist's son and a failed poet who writes advertisement jingles.","This novel's protagonist, who is friends with Chum Frink and Howard Littlefield, gives an acclaimed speech in Monarch and declares his support for Lucas Prout.","The protagonist's best friend, who gave up his dreams of becoming a violinist to join the tar-roofing business, takes a liberating trip to Maine and shoots his wife Zilla.","The title character ultimately returns to his ill wife Myra and realizes he will never escape his bourgeois lifestyle.","For 10 points, name this novel about a real estate salesman from Zenith, written by Sinclair Lewis."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.2],[7.32,14.2],[14.32,21.92],[22.04,31.28],[31.4,39.16],[39.28,41.84],[41.96,48.92]],"texts":["A story says that this man's teacher told him about a weapon to prepare for any battle, and then took him to a house of books to show the value of knowledge over violence.","Early on, he studied in Basra under Muhammad Majmu'i, but they were both driven out of town, and wandered the desert together for days.","The frst chronicle of this man's life was composed by Husayn Ibn Ghannam, and a book refuting his ideas was composed by his brother Sulayman.","In his hometown of Uyaynah, he gained the favor of a ruler named Uthman, whom he directed to begin a campaign of iconoclasm, destroying the domes on the gravesites of Muhammad's companion.","This man was then invited to settle in Diriyah, where he formed a pact to promote a type of Salaf teaching inspired by the medieval writings of Ibn Taymiyyah,","preaching against all forms of bid'a and shirk.","For 10 points, name this man who founded an eponymous branch of conservative Islam in the Hijaz region, afer he formed an alliance with Ibn Saud."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959f2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959f2.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..58cdb8e7035eaf688bcca42812ccf1aa4f7f6e58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959f2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95af2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95af2.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95af2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.52],[7.64,15.96],[16.08,20.04],[20.16,28.88],[29.0,29.68],[29.8,42.0],[42.12,48.16]],"texts":["A poem in this collection opens by describing how the \"salt off the sea whets the blades of four winds\" and depicts another author with \"a hard pen scraping in his head\".","In another of its poems, the speaker claims that \"I rhyme to see myself, to set the darkness echoing\" and notes that \"As a child, they could not keep me from wells\".","A third poem from this collection laments the appearance of \"a rat-grey fungus,","glutting on our cache\" and describes \"palms sticky as Bluebeard's.\" \"Synge on Aran\" and \"Personal Helicon\" were published in this collection, whose title poem describes how the speaker \"sickened,","turned,","and ran\" after seeing that \"the great slime kings were gathered there for vengeance.\" The lines \"between my finger and my thumb the squat pen rests\" appear in the first and last stanzas of a poem in this collection that includes the line \"By god,","the old man could handle a spade.\" For 10 points, \"Digging\" was published in what first major collection of poetry by Seamus Heaney?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bf2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bf2.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bf2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.16],[5.28,9.56],[9.68,15.12],[15.24,20.68],[20.8,24.24],[24.36,27.88],[28.0,33.0],[33.12,36.76],[36.88,42.84],[42.96,49.16]],"texts":["One disease of this organ causes cancer patients who take irinotecan to experience severe diarrhea.","The Child-Pugh and MELD scores are used to assess damage to this organ.","Pericellular connective tissue acquires a \"chicken-wire\" appearance in one condition affecting this organ;","that condition is also characterized by a type of apoptosis of parenchymal cells called ballooning degeneration.","The copper-carrying protein ceruloplasmin is produced in this organ.","Growth hormone stimulates the production of IGF-1 in this organ.","In addition to the lungs, this organ is damaged as a result of A1AT deficiency.","Fatty acids are broken down in this organ to produce ketone bodies.","The space of Disse separates this organ's namesake cells from its sinusoids, which receive blood from the portal vein.","Gluconeogenesis takes place in, for 10 points, what organ whose failure can lead to jaundice and can be caused by hepatitis?"]}
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diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cf2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cf2.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..13009a585476578a93c27d425b55fd259ec2a1f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95cf2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.6],[6.72,16.56],[16.68,27.28],[27.4,36.36],[36.48,45.92]],"texts":["In one work, this philosopher suggests that Adam's association with the demon and poet Abaddon is responsible for the origin of clothing.","He argued against Christian Damm's proposed orthographic reforms in New Apology to the Letter H. He invoked a \"muse with a winnowing fan\" in a \"rhapsody in cabbalistic prose\" that defends the Orientalism of the Bible.","Another of his works, which is partly titled for the order used to kill Jesus, accuses Moses Mendelssohn of using \"the serpent's deception of language\" to distinguish eternal and historical truths.","In pieces collected in Crusades of the Philologist, such as Aesthetica in Nuce, this philosopher ridiculed his protege for writing Treatise on the Origin of the Languages.","For 10 points, name this author of Golgotha and Sheblimini!, and teacher of Johann Gottfried Herder, who Isaiah Berlin argued was the most reactionary member of the \"Counter-Enlightenment.\""]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95df2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95df2.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95df2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.08],[3.2,5.8],[5.92,9.88],[10.0,16.32],[16.44,23.0],[23.12,34.28],[34.4,38.84],[38.96,47.0],[47.12,50.68]],"texts":["This ligand is the main one found in a Chini cluster.","Four of these ligands are found in Collman's reagent.","Walter Hieber synthesized many coordination complexes containing this ligand.","This is the main ligand found in the cobalt catalyst which was originally used in the oxo process for hydroformylation.","Along with cyanide and nitric oxide, this ligand lies at the top of the strong-field end of the spectrochemical series.","This ligand has a vibrational frequency of 2143 cm-1 in the free state, but when bound to a metal this frequency decreases to 1700-2100 cm-1 due to pi backbonding.","Four of these ligands are removed from a nickel center due to heating in the Mond process.","This ligand has around 200 times the affinity of oxygen when binding to hemoglobin, making this compound a potentially fatal respiratory toxin.","For 10 points, name this compound that forms carbonyl ligands."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ef2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ef2.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ab3ec6b594baa08f996756ffaf1ad889676fa525
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95ef2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,15.0],[15.12,22.24],[22.36,30.48],[30.6,35.8],[35.92,41.0]],"texts":["A 2012 interactive installation by Ann Hamilton featured 42 of these objects moving a large white curtain at the Park Avenue Armory.","In a painting by Renoir, a man in a suit stands left of one of these objects opposite from a woman whose white dress has a string of blue bows running down its front.","A painting titled for one, set in a lush garden decorated with lion fountains, shows a woman in a pink dress on its lower right using a telescope.","The Wallace Collection houses a work alternately titled for the \"Happy Accidents\" of these objects, which features a statue of a cupid holding a finger to its lips on the left.","That painting shows a slipper flying off the foot of a lady dressed in pink as a man in the bushes peeks up her skirt.","For 10 points, name this conveyance used in the most famous painting of Jean-Honore Fragonard."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962f2.json b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962f2.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0bddfb989a838c4b32bdfc2d327ba27d6bf79601
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f2/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962f2.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.2],[8.32,10.92],[11.04,19.32],[19.44,26.96],[27.08,32.0]],"texts":["The claim that this philosopher's notion of \"criteria\" was intended to be understood as conditions for meaning a particular thing, rather than merely existing,","is made in The Claim of Reason by Stanley Cavell.","This thinker developed a theory of language on which a sentence has meaning if and only if it corresponds to a possible fact, called his picture theory of language.","The work in which that theory is presented is separated into seven propositions, the last of which is \"whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.\" For 10 points,","name this author of Philosophical Investigations and the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus."]}
\ No newline at end of file
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diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57f7.json b/tossups/f7/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57f7.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,3.52],[3.64,11.16],[11.28,16.4],[16.52,23.8],[23.92,32.84]],"texts":["One coup in this country was postponed for an Umm Khaltoum concert.","Several IRA operatives left this country after they realized they were being trained in desert fighting, and this country is the staging ground of Operation Dignity.","Parts of this country were united with Crete in a Roman province, and the Green Guards operated in this country.","Much of this country is held by militias that represent the Toubou People, and the United Arab Emirates recently began airstrikes on this country.","This country is home to a brotherhood of Sufis known as the Sanussis, and was once ruled by King Idris I. For ten points, name this country once ruled by Muammar Qaddafi."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57f7.opus b/tossups/f7/62d98017f67c8a6f6e0a57f7.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87f7.json b/tossups/f7/62d98018f67c8a6f6e0a87f7.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,13.72],[13.84,20.76],[20.88,28.48],[28.6,36.16],[36.28,42.52]],"texts":["A character in this play remarks that hysteria is a \"common denominator of the female nature\" and that the \"test of a man is his ability to cope with it.\" An author's note in this play likens a character's face during her unique laugh to that of a seal opening its mouth and expecting a fish.","After addressing a girl as \"Miss Thin-Standing-Up-Female-Buddha\" in this play, a man describes his \"spooks\" to her,","which she compares to her own \"blue devils.\" A character in this play completes his final poem shortly before dying of a stroke and claims to be the world's oldest poet.","Hannah Jelkes tries to get a room for her and her grandfather at the Costa Verde Hotel in this play, but runs into problems with its owner, Maxine Faulk.","For 10 points, name this Tennessee Williams' play set in Mexico, which features the disgraced Reverend T. Lawrence Shannon."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6f7.json b/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6f7.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae6f7.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.6],[9.72,13.36],[13.48,18.2],[18.32,22.4],[22.52,33.36],[33.48,37.4]],"texts":["A police commissioner in this city claimed that he would best Attila the Hun with harsh police tactics against an organization that followed \"The Guidelines,\" a manifesto dictated to Donald Glassey.","Cecil B. Moore employed picketing to desegregate this city's Girard College.","Daisy Myers was praised as the \"Rosa Parks of the North\" for moving into a community in this city.","This city's first black mayor ordered a 1985 bombing against MOVE in it.","Richard Allen's original AME church was mapped out in W.E.B. DuBois' study of this city's \"Negro.\" Benjamin Rush mistakenly concluded that this city's black people were immune to yellow fever during a 1793 epidemic.","For 10 points, name this northern city where the Declaration of Independence was signed."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7f7.json b/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0ae7f7.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.2],[8.32,14.32],[14.44,19.32],[19.44,29.04],[29.16,35.6]],"texts":["One person with this surname wrote the book The Great Scourge and How to End It focusing on STD prevention and became an advocate for the Second Coming movement in the US.","Another person with this surname published the newspaper the Worker's Dreadnought and later founded the first teaching hospital in Ethiopia.","The aforementioned Christabel and her sister Sylvia were daughters of the most famous person with this surname.","The most famous person with this surname engaged in her first hunger strike at Holloway Prison and helped found a union that staged the Black Friday demonstration against the government of H.H. Asquith.","The WSPU was founded by members of, for ten points, what British suffragette family led by the matriarch Emmeline?"]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aebf7.json b/tossups/f7/62d98019f67c8a6f6e0aebf7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a5a642057e26d7ab4f964128b7139bdd73ae6c08
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,12.08],[12.2,18.52],[18.64,25.76],[25.88,33.24],[33.36,37.04]],"texts":["These structures were sometimes accompanied by a mansio, one of which, the Tre Taverne, was the site of Valerius Severus's assassination.","High quality versions of these structures were topped by layers called the sumna crustra and the rudens.","A system using these structures is depicted on Peutinger's Table, which belongs to a class of maps depicting them called itinerarium.","One of these structures names the final battle in a rebellion among the Iceni suppressed by Gaius Suetonius Paulinus, who defeated its leader Boudica.","The Pontine Marshes frequently troubled one of these structures which was the site of a mass crucifixion of Spartacus and his followers; that structure of this kind was the Appian Way.","For 10 points, name these structures, which connected cities in the Roman Empire."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738af7.json b/tossups/f7/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738af7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ce656dfafc56c414c0f8895f99c0d4b2fb063f0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df3a4b1c64d9772f738af7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.48],[7.6,14.72],[14.84,22.6],[22.72,30.04],[30.16,35.08],[35.2,41.52],[41.64,47.24]],"texts":["A comic scene in this novel depicts a battle in a church graveyard in which a girl defeats a jealous mob by throwing skulls and swinging a human thighbone.","The main character of this novel is accosted by the novice highwayman Mister Anderson, but is so moved by his tale of poverty that he gives him two guineas.","This novel's heroine runs away from home after her father, a drunken boor obsessed with hunting, locks her in her room to force her to marry a man she detests.","Near this novel's end, its main character encourages Mister Nightingale to marry Missus Miller's daughter Nancy before stabbing Mister Fitzpatrick in a duel.","Its title character travels to London with his servant Partridge to look for a woman staying with Lady Bellaston.","That woman forgives the title character for sleeping with Molly Seagrim and Missus Waters, and marries him instead of the duplicitous Blifil.","For 10 points, name this novel about a \"foundling\" who marries Sophia Western, written by Henry Fielding."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ef7.json b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ef7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..414fb89e2dde479a13cce20942738ff48025d066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ef7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.24],[5.36,10.92],[11.04,17.92],[18.04,26.52],[26.64,34.24],[34.36,39.8]],"texts":["A few key officials in this ruler's government included Chief Justice Hector MacDonald and General Peter Walls,","both of whom are criticized as turncoats in this man's memoirs entitled The Great Betrayal and Bitter Harvest.","He rose to his highest office by replacing Winston Field and afterwards was faced with a period of opposition called the Second Chimurenga.","His tenure ended with the Internal Settlement, under which he was replaced by Bishop Abel Muzorewa, and soon after, he was definitively removed by the Lancaster House Conference.","These events occurred fifteen years after he made a Unilateral Declaration of Independence in 1965, drawing sanctions from and the United Nations.","For 10 points, name this leader of the Rhodesian Front, the longtime head of the white minority government in Rhodesia."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ff7.json b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ff7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..71bdca3740a02289c93316f3dc8ed6de61f627e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e0407ff7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.84],[5.96,15.44],[15.56,25.0],[25.12,28.88],[29.0,35.92]],"texts":["This event marked the end of the political career of the founder of Studley Gardens Royal Park, John Aislabie.","A jesting parliamentary resolution in the wake of it called for a certain group to be \"tied up in a sack of snakes and tipped into the Thames.\" A parliamentary act preceding it created the Royal Exchange Assurance Corporation.","This event coincided with a scandal in France and centered on an entity that was given exclusive rights to supply Spanish colonies with slaves in the Asiento of the Treaty of Utrecht.","The shares of that company were used as equity for buying Britain's national debt.","For 10 points, name this event surrounding a Robert Harley-founded joint-stock company, speculation in which drove an 1720 economic bubble."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e04080f7.json b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e04080f7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a55b0fdc15ed439d8e9573298970bbfb2555a4d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df3ddba2602b93e04080f7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.6],[8.72,16.52],[16.64,25.96],[26.08,35.08],[35.2,42.72],[42.84,46.48]],"texts":["Its final chapter moves on from a discussion of the pendulum to claim that \"the father of the arrow is thought\" before discussing the \"formation of the black arrow.\" The penultimate chapter,","the shortest, opens with a section on \"Earth, Water and Air\" and examines a stone falling, a balloon rising, and a meteor moving.","The second chapter discusses \"Dimension and Balance\" as part of this book's attempts to categorize as either kinetic-mobile or chromatic-caloric the forces that create optical sensation.","It opens by introducing the transformation of the static dot into linear dynamics and was translated into English by Sibyl Moholy-Nagy, the wife of one of the author's colleagues.","Chock-full of numerous black and white diagrams and drawings it, upon its 1925 publication it became a student manual at the Bauhaus.","For 10 points, name this teaching guide for art created by Paul Klee."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f769f7.json b/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f769f7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f872f480098017c2f7319384c1d9541ff400014a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f769f7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.04],[10.16,19.68],[19.8,29.84],[29.96,34.48],[34.6,39.2]],"texts":["Bells are introduced in the finale in proper recordings of this composer's fourth symphony, which begins with the four notes C-D-F sharp-E. The strings play an A-minor climax,","and a soft bass drum roll and muted strings accompany a solo for the cor anglais, in the most famous part of this composer's Opus 22, which was conceived as the failed opera The Building of the Boat.","The song \"Be Still, My Soul\" is usually sung to a hymn extracted from a brass-heavy tone poem by this composer, which was performed under several different names to skirt Russian censorship.","This composer drew on his country's mythology for his The Swan of Tuonela.","For 10 points, name this composer of the unofficial national anthem Finlandia."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f76af7.json b/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f76af7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..857a9efc1b93e0d1564ace05f4a2c7d04dd698ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/f7/62df7ca243aee49db2f76af7.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.96],[9.08,11.76],[11.88,19.92],[20.04,22.52],[22.64,28.04],[28.16,32.52],[32.64,38.2]],"texts":["The consideration of a space homotopy equivalent to these things and a homotopy equivalence of these things homotopic to a diffeomorphism is the subject of surgery theory,","which is used to classify them in greater than five dimensions.","A smooth, compact one of these things of dimension n can be smoothly embedded into the real numbers with dimension two n according to the Whitney embedding theorem,","which implies that they have a Riemannian metric.","A simply-connected, closed, three-dimensional one is homeomorphic to a sphere according to a famous conjecture.","These things are defined by atlases, which are a collection of coordinate charts.","For 10 points, name these locally Euclidean topological spaces whose two-dimensional form is a surface."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/f7/62df8012e66cc66ca571cff7.json b/tossups/f7/62df8012e66cc66ca571cff7.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..99330d8ddabf26f19860eef6e30ce1e8c28a8568
--- /dev/null
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.76],[6.88,13.68],[13.8,21.32],[21.44,29.08],[29.2,35.64],[35.76,44.68],[44.8,52.52]],"texts":["In one work, this thinker posits that the four main phases of public action are breach, crisis, redressive action, and reintegra-tion.","Afer his death, his wife published a monograph on the healing practices of the I˜nupiat tribe of Alaskan eskimos, entitled The Hands Feel It.","In an essay, he draws a distinction between \"Taxonomy Versus Dynamics\" while analyzing \"witchcraf and sorcery,\" and in another essay,","he chronicles his time spent with a doctor called Muchona the Hornet, who this thinker called an \"Interpreter of Religion.\" In his book Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors,","this student of Max Gluckman coined the term \"communitas\" to refer to a fusion of individuals into a collective identity.","He's remembered for studying the Ndembu tribe and for writing a chapter entitled \"Betwixt and Between,\" which draws upon the work of Arnold van Gennep to describe a kind of cultural event.","For 10 points, name this British anthropologist who developed the concept of liminality in his book The Forest of Symbols, wherein he studied rites of passage."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,25.12],[25.24,33.24],[33.36,44.24],[44.36,51.48]],"texts":["This thinker wrote that Jews fourished in science because living within Christian societies made them more skeptical of established ideas in his essay \"The Intellectual Preeminence of Jews in Modern Europe.\" This thinker argued that owner-ship began when warriors in primitive societies started habitually seizing female captives in essays such as \"The Beginnings of Ownership.\" He wrote that the relative lateness of Germany's industrialization enabled it to borrow knowledge from Britain without being hampered by existing obsolete infrastructure,","an example of what he called \"penalty of taking the lead.\" This economist argued that business leaders keep prices artifcially high by sabotaging production,","in contrast to industrial work-ers such as engineers motivated by the \"instinct of workmanship.\" He pioneered institutional economics in books such as Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution and The Theory of Business Enterprise.","For 10 points, name this American economist who coined the phrase \"conspicuous consumption\" in his book The Theory of the Leisure Class."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,10.72],[10.84,26.16],[26.28,29.68],[29.8,36.84],[36.96,47.08],[47.2,51.68]],"texts":["This poem describes \"lakes of liquid gold,\" \"purple fires,\" \"angels in machines,\" and \"snakes on rolling spires,\" at a location occupied by living teapots, jars, bottles and a solitary pipkin.","That place in this poem is ruled by a monarch served by handmaids called \"Ill-Nature\" and \"Affection.\" A character in this poem visits that Queen to obtain a vial filled with \"fainting fears\" and \"soft sorrows,\" as well as a wondrous bag that holds the \"force of female lungs\" and the \"war of tongues.\" Later,","that character finds his master weeping in Thalestris's arms.","At the end of this poem, the title object shoots \"thro' liquid air\" and becomes a star; earlier, it was acquired by a noble during a game of ombre.","This poem details a gnome's visit to the Cave of Spleen, and it begins \"What dire Offence from am'rous causes Springs, what mighty Contests rise from Trivial things.\" For 10 points,","name this mock heroic poem in which a baron cuts Belinda's hair, by Alexander Pope."]}
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.0],[6.12,11.84],[11.96,15.32],[15.44,23.48],[23.6,30.16],[30.28,35.0],[35.12,42.12]],"texts":["A medieval poet from this nation developed a nine line stanza that is given his name and was used in his collection ofFlower Songs.","A playwright from this country wrote about a man who spends sixteen years in purgatory but is given a chance to visit his daughter,","after he commits suicide when he is caught stealing money to help his family.","That author ofLiliomhails from this nation, whose epic describes the heroics of Nicholas Zrinski defending Sziget during a siege by the forces of Suleyman the Magnificent.","A modern author from this country wrote about a man who refuses to have a child in a world full of atrocities in hisKaddish for a Child not Born,","and wrote a semi-autobiographical work about his experiences during the Holocaust inFatelessness.","For 10 points, identify this country home to such authors as Valentin Balassi, Ferenc Molnar, Miklos Zrinyi, and Imre Kertesz."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df3ddba2602b93e04080ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df3ddba2602b93e04080ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.0],[4.12,11.24],[11.36,17.12],[17.24,28.4],[28.52,34.28],[34.4,42.48]],"texts":["One of his early works was a case study of the war bond loan appeal made by Kate Smith.","His theories of deviance are summed up in a chart that plots Cultural goals against Institutionalised means, with rebellion defined as new goals and new means.","One of his better known theories was built upon by Robert Agnew and regards the relationship between social structures and crime.","He discussed the process by which the developers of a process or idea are forgotten, obliteration by incorporation, and in his most famous work contrasts \"middle range\" theories with grand theories.","He also discussed positive feedback loops based on expectations, which this thinker called the self-fulfilling prophecy.","For 10 points name this sociologist who also coined the term \"role mode,\" developed Strain Theory, and wrote Social Theory and Social Structure."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df3ddba2602b93e04081ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df3ddba2602b93e04081ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.28],[7.4,10.48],[10.6,17.48],[17.6,27.56],[27.68,32.92],[33.04,39.6]],"texts":["The quartet1 mutation can be used to study \"tetrads\" in this tissue, and T. fornieri has been used to study the attractant effects of LURE proteins upon it.","The S RNase arrests the growth of one of its components.","The action of callase is critical for its maturation, and at maturity it is surrounded by two cell walls, the intine and the exine.","Following hydration, a tube grows from this structure to direct the delivery of its generative cell through a micropyle; the POP2 and POP3 gene products are important for this process in Arabidopsis.","Microsporangia are sacs containing this substance, which has frills or wings in many gymnosperms.","For 10 points, name this powdery substance found on anthers, which contains the male gametes of plants and is the allergen that triggers hay fever."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aff.json b/tossups/ff/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..14910d0afce748a59b100adb7e4524e51d3c76a5
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+++ b/tossups/ff/62df7ca243aee49db2f76aff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.16],[9.28,17.44],[17.56,22.92],[23.04,30.36],[30.48,36.08]],"texts":["A composer born in this modern-day country preferred the name Fantaisies symphoniques for his sixth symphony, and produced a double concerto for two string orchestras, pianos, and timpani.","A tone poem that depicts the sounding of a hunting horn signaling for the slaughter of men by warrior women was composed by another denizen of this country, who included a high,","sustained harmonic E played by the first violin to signify his tinnitus in his string quartet From My Life.","Another of its composers produced a popular seventh Humoresque, and drew on Native American and African-American music for his New World Symphony.","For 10 points, name this home country of Bohuslav Martinu, Bedrich Smetana, and Antonin Dvorak."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/tossups/ff/62df8012e66cc66ca571d0ff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,9.44],[9.56,11.32],[11.44,21.32],[21.44,25.8],[25.92,33.8],[33.92,39.28]],"texts":["In a choral work by this composer, a series of commands shouted by a sergeant are met by a men's chorus defiantly singing \"Shema Yisroel.\" His first string quartet is only one movement,","takes over forty minutes to perform,","and consists of asymmetrical phrases this composer called \"musical prose.\" This composer founded the Society for Private Musical Performances in order to play modernist music,","and developed his characteristic style after his wife Mathilde left him for the painter Richard Gerstl.","His mature pieces, such as his Opus 26 Wind Quintet and A Survivor from Warsaw, lack a key center and often feature the technique of Sprechtsimme.","For 10 points, name this leader of the Second Viennese School who developed serialism and the twelve-tone row."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd758ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd758ff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8dea5c7494b2160f143c8ff467b9226fa689500f
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+++ b/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd758ff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.8],[4.92,11.04],[11.16,16.96],[17.08,24.4],[24.52,31.96]],"texts":["Following this battle, one side attempted a disastrous offensive known as the Mud March.","During it, the Confederate soldier Richard Rowland Kirkland aided wounded Union soldiers and became known as the Angel of one location.","That location was the site of a failed assault by Edwin Sumner that was repulsed by the First Corps of James Longstreet.","A fight for Marye's Heights took place during this battle, which saw Union engineers build numerous pontoon bridges to cross the Franklin River of Northern Virginia.","For 10 points, name this lopsided Confederate victory of the Civil War, in which Robert E. Lee crushed Union forces under Ambrose Burnside."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd758ff.opus b/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd758ff.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd759ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df83920c3a38102cd759ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,6.56],[6.68,14.16],[14.28,23.12],[23.24,29.28],[29.4,33.56]],"texts":["Miguel Landivar spread rumors that this figure was an escaped convict to support Agostino Mainardi, who accused this person of heresy.","This person had a vision of God telling him \"I will be propitious to you at Rome\" before he experienced an awakening while praying in a cave near Manresa.","This mentor of Peter Faber and Diego Lainez expressed his belief that obedience was the pre-eminent virtue in his \"Letter on Obedience.\" Francis Xavier was a follower of this leader,","who created a program of prayer and contemplation divided into four weeks in his Spiritual Exercises.","For 10 points, name this founder of the Jesuits, a Spanish saint from Loyola."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379ff.json b/tossups/ff/62df87c09bc4e61b2fb379ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.2],[5.32,11.24],[11.36,20.52],[20.64,30.08],[30.2,34.6]],"texts":["This people's trapezoidal doorways can be seen in villages in the Sacred Valley, which contains Pisac.","This civilization built their capital city in the shape of a puma, whose tail is formed by two rivers.","They built a magnificent temple to their sun god called the \"Golden Enclosure.\" Without using mortar, they created walls so tight that a knife could not be wedged through their stones.","One of their cities is next to a mountain that, viewed sideways, resembles a human face; that city, with a name meaning \"Old Peak,\" was discovered in 1911 by Hiram Bingham.","For 10 points, name this Andean civilization that built Machu Picchu in modern-day Peru."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33eff.json b/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33eff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8725c36fb449116f77f6070d71d41c96762d938f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33eff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.24],[8.36,14.48],[14.6,23.28],[23.4,27.0]],"texts":["A method of performing this action which is popular in West Africa is known as warsh, whereas in the U.S., the majority of practitioners of this action use hafs.","Qalqalah, Idghaam and ikhfaa can be used when performing this action, which is governed by the rules of tajweed.","This action is only performed aloud in salaat if the imaam is praying in a group, and someone proficient in this action is termed a qari, which literally means \"reader.\" For 10 points,","name this action carried out to share the principal Muslim holy text."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33eff.opus b/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33eff.opus
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33fff.json b/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33fff.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62df8ab610329be735a33fff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.48],[8.6,13.4],[13.52,26.84],[26.96,35.8]],"texts":["The speaker of one of these poems commands, \"Descend lower, descend only into the world of perpetual solitude, world not world,\" and recalls the words of a talking bird in a rose garden.","The third of these poems asks, \"Where is there an end to it, the soundless wailing,","the silent withering of autumn flowers?\"before acknowledging the possibility of \"the life of significant soil.\" The first of these poems begins,\"Time present and time past are both perhaps present in time future.\" These five-section poems,","which each have an associated classical element, include \"The Dry Salvages\" and \"Burnt Norton.\" For 10 points, name this late set of complex poems by T. S. Eliot."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957ff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba957ff.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,11.72],[11.84,26.68],[26.8,33.0],[33.12,46.2],[46.32,52.0]],"texts":["This author wrote about a vulgar genre of art that gives expression to the \"Sancho Panza view of life\" whose \"whole mean-ing\" lies in its \"unredeemed lowness\" and in another work described his home country as \"a family with the wrong members in control\".","This author criticized a famous poet for the phrase \"necessary murder\" which he argues could \"only be written by a person to whom murder is at most a word.\" This author wrote about dirty comics in \"The Art of Donald McGill\" and described his horrifying education at the prep school Crossgates in \"Such,","Such Were the Joys.\" He borrowed a metaphor from an essay on Ana¨ıs Nin to describe a certain writer as a willing Jonah.","This author defended Henry Miller in his essay \"Inside the Whale\" and satirically translated a passage from Ecclesiastes into modern English in an essay that argues political writing has become \"the defense of the indefensible.\" For 10 points,","name this British author who wrote the essays \"Politics and the English Language\" and \"Shooting an Elephant\"."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958ff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba958ff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8be21ba5c0ef00badc2abcc5197f73799f88807d
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,5.44],[5.56,12.24],[12.36,18.12],[18.24,26.72],[26.84,31.36],[31.48,42.0],[42.12,48.72]],"texts":["This author introduced the maxim \"the spirits that I called\" as an expression for using powers you can't control,","and he wrote the play that popularized the saying \"kiss my ass,\" which became so famous that it was dubbed the Swabian salute.","This author's best-known play begins with a character struggling to translate the word \"logos\" from the Gospel of John,","and that play gave rise to an expression meaning the gist of the matter that literally translates as \"the core of the poodle.\" In another play by him, the aesthetic credo \"heavenly joy,","deadly sorrow\" appears in a ballad sung by the title count's evil mistress Klarchen.","This author of G¨otz von Berlichingen and Egmont wrote a play that ends when the Mater Gloriosa descends from heaven to save the soul of the man who tried to rescue Gretchen from jail afer she was imprisoned for drowning her child.","For 10 points, 4 name this German dramatist who wrote about Mephistopheles tempting the title scholar in Faust."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959ff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959ff.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba959ff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.44],[7.56,12.44],[12.56,17.56],[17.68,22.4],[22.52,29.28],[29.4,34.08],[34.2,38.64],[38.76,44.84],[44.96,50.44],[50.56,57.6]],"texts":["Three of these beings partook in an inauspicious footrace, afer which one was gored by a bull and another was turned into an ivy plant afer climbing a tree.","A god once attached cymbals to his ship during a long voyage for the sole purpose of waking these beings up.","One of these beings describes Europe, Asia, and Africa as mere islands in a large ocean.","One source claims that rather than Athena, it was one of these beings that slew Enceladus,","and posits that the rest of the Gigantes were scared away when the animals that these beings arrived with made unusual sounds.","Astraeus was the chief of a legion of these beings that accompanied an expedition to India.","Priapus's rape of Lotis was prevented by the braying of a donkey belonging to one of these beings.","Another of them picked up the aulos that Athena abandoned, and later lost a music contest to Apollo, resulting in his faying.","Midas received the golden touch as a reward for hospitably treating another one who drunkenly wandered into his garden.","For 10 points, name these creatures, including Marsyas and Silenus, that lustily chased nymphs when they weren't attending to Dionysus."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aff.json
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95aff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,4.92],[5.04,13.56],[13.68,22.32],[22.44,32.64],[32.76,37.16],[37.28,44.24]],"texts":["This quantity's associated polynomial is often calculated using the deletion-contraction algorithm.","Heinrich Tietze was the first to determine this quantity for the projective plane, since he found that the graph \"K sub 6\" was the largest graph that could be embedded onto it.","If a graph has a value of n for this quantity, then it will contract to the complete graph of n, possibly with some extra adjacency edges, according to Hadwiger's conjecture.","For a surface, this quantity is less than \"seven plus the square root of 49 minus 24 times the Euler characteristic, all over 2.\" Removing the critical edge of a graph will decrease this quantity.","Kenneth Appel and Wolfgang Haken proved that this quantity is equal to four for planar graphs.","For 10 points, name this quantity, which is the minimum number of colors needed to color a graph so that no two adjacent vertices have the same color."]}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..12f1da4bf37810cb8d1951624965c8e267dc9faf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba95bff.json
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,7.12],[7.24,12.8],[12.92,19.64],[19.76,24.24],[24.36,34.6],[34.72,44.2]],"texts":["In exchange for donations, this politician helped the former Iron Guard member Nicolae Malaxa start an oil factory in his home state.","While getting into a car with Anna Chennault, this man cracked his forehead open on the door and bled all over her dress.","This man's presidency witnessed the Hard Hat Riot, where his support for construction workers led him to appoint Peter Brennan as his Secretary of Labor.","He won an early political campaign by deriding his opponent, Helen Gahagan Douglas,","as \"The Pink Lady.\" His aide Donald Segretti coined the name for the tactic of \"ratfucking,\" and was a member of a fundraising organization for this politician headed by his Attorney General John Mitchell.","During a speech, he referred to drug use as \"public enemy number one.\" For 10 points, name this politician who also delivered the \"Checkers Speech\" and resigned after the Watergate scandal."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba961ff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba961ff.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..58548460c53af9c8c2e8cdf1ffe9634b5aa311e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba961ff.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.92],[9.04,17.6],[17.72,23.36],[23.48,27.08]],"texts":["This work critiques Freud for claiming that \"Nature has determined woman's destiny through beauty, charm, and sweetness\" and for his role in creating a \"scientific religion\".","Interviews conducted by the author of this work lead her to believe that housewives stretch the time they spend on household duties because the title concept teaches them that this is their only role in the society.","This in turn leads to an unhappiness, something which the author calls 'the problem that has no name'.","For 10 points, name this work of second wave feminism by Betty Friedan."]}
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diff --git a/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962ff.json b/tossups/ff/62e05b9cf7cf60c9cba962ff.json
new file mode 100644
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+{"v":1,"chunks":[[0.0,8.32],[8.44,18.16],[18.28,20.52],[20.64,28.12],[28.24,30.96]],"texts":["After the title character of this work expresses frustration that two building do not belong to him, another character disobeys him and murders an old couple, Philemon and Baucis.","The conclusion of this play ends with the line \"eternal womanhood draws us onward.\" The protagonist of this play says that he will go glad to his ruin after he is able to say, \"stay a while!","You are so lovely!\" to his beloved.","The title character of this play is met by a poodle in his study who transforms into Mephistopheles, with whom he makes a deal to enable him to seduce Gretchen.","For 10 points, name this two part play by Goethe."]}
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