Question: why do cars, especially new cars depreciate so fast?

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 why do cars, especially new cars depreciate so fast?

Let's say that someone is selling a one month old car. Cars are complicated, how well would you know/do you trust your mechanic to find in an hour or less a small issue with some system in the car. The prior owner has owned the car for a month, which is more time to better assess the quality of the car than the buyer. Given that difference in information, how large a discount from the new price do you want? Now we'll go full Sicilian, if the seller knows you'll almost certainly want a large discount and is still selling their car after one month, the small problem must be serious enough that he expects to be better off after selling the car. A few rounds of that logic, and sellers of all but the worst cars are willing to reconsider, and buyers expect the shortly after purchase market to only consist of very poor cars. So prices drop like a rock, the instant a new car is taken off the lot. Because that's a huge loss in value, (and leasing programs) manufacturers try to capture some of that value with certified used sales (where the manufacturer who has considerable knowledge of where problems have occurred can ensure those issues don't exist on a certified used car), but the price is still a good bit lower because the seller always knows more about the car than the buyer.


Question: If the sun does explode in the far future, what would make it explode?

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 If the sun does explode in the far future, what would make it explode?

Stars generate energy in their cores, and this inflates the rest of the gas in the star like a giant balloon. More massive stars produce more energy and inflate to incredible sizes - near the ends of their lives they can inflate to preposterous volumes larger than Mars’ orbit. Large stars explode when their core suddenly stops producing enough energy to keep the rest of the star inflated. They collapse inward at hypersonic speed and the catastrophic shockwave when the innards of the star crumple into core obliterates it. The sun is too small for this, and will fizzle out with a sad stellar fart instead.


Question: What happens if you crash or damage a vehicle during a test drive from the dealership?

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 What happens if you crash or damage a vehicle during a test drive from the dealership?

1. Most of the time, all vehicles in the dealership, especially demo cars are insured. If not one-by-one, usually dealerships get bulk agreements, or just covered under company insurance. 2. You're taking the drive test accompanied by dealership's employee, so you have a witness. 3. If you're not at fault (i.e. you've been T-boned by someone running red light), from your point of view, nothing happens (except you going to the hospital - and I'd guess the insurance will pay for you. 4. If you're at fault, from dealership's points of view, nothing happens, but you're in trouble - bigger or smaller, depending on the agreement. I don't know what's the norm in US, but in Poland, where I live, before test drive you have to sign papers confirming you being in charge of the vehicle, even if it happens inside dealership grounds (i.e. internal testing track - not that there are many of those). This also means dealership has right to view your driver's license, and you can (and should) take a peek into car's legal documentation, if there is any.


Question: Why do different types of soap only clean certain things?

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 Why do different types of soap only clean certain things?

I know about this!! I’m a chemist and also a soap maker: Hand soaps: some are made of “real soap” - which has a very specific definition. Real soap is made of fat + very strong base reacted together. Usually they have little bit of extra oil to not be drying. Hand soaps can also be made of synthetic cleaners (detergents) with added moisturizers to keep hands from drying. Dish soaps: made for maximum cleaning power and bubbles!! These are closer to being pure detergents and usually don’t have additives for moisturizing or other properties. This is why dish soap is great for cleaning grease. Laundry soap: very powerful detergents (lots of cleaning power) with defoamer added. Defoamers reduce the amount of foam made by the detergents. Good ones don’t get in the way of the soap doing it’s job. Expensive detergents also have enzymes (little proteins that break up stains, dirt, etc). Most also have “optical brighteners” which is a fancy way of saying they help make clothes look nicer. Brighter whites! I know others too but I’ll stop there! Edit: defoamers are the main reason you don’t want to use dish soap in your washing machine. Big fluffy bubbles and a giant mixer just don’t go well together. The same is also true with dishwashing soap. Dishwashing soap usually has a lot of water softeners in it too which helps keep the dishes spotless.


Question: Why was the Nintendo Wii so easy to pirate and jailbreak?

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 Why was the Nintendo Wii so easy to pirate and jailbreak?

There were a few easy to use exploits found for the wii. One was a modification to the media reader (DVD) using a modchip to read non-Nintendo disc copies. The other was an exploit involving running a corrupt game save, that allowed root access to the underlying software(kernel). From there you could load/overwrite the system software with whatever you would like to control the system. I don't recall the precise timeline, but it looks like it took a good year before a reliable method existed. Manufacturers have taken much better steps in newer generations to ensure the same drive modchips, and system software is better hardened against similar approaches. A Wii-U hack is much more difficult, and only recently came out ~1 year ago (~5 years after the WII-U release).


Question: How does a magnetic strip (such as on a credit card) store information?

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 How does a magnetic strip (such as on a credit card) store information?

You know how magnets have a north pole and a south pole? The mag stripes are made up of small magnetic particles. By applying a strong magnetic field, you can orient the magnetic direction of those particles one way or the other. The particles themselves don't move, just the direction that they are magnetized. When you move the stripe through a reader, the changes in magnetic direction [induce small pulses of electrical current]( URL_0 ) in the reader, which are then amplified and turned into digital data. A stripe can contain redundant data, so you may only need part of the stripe to be read. It depends on the card. There are commonly 3 "tracks" on a stripe, where a track is a lengthwise section of the strip. Each of those tracks is used for slightly different things, but 1 and 2 quite often contain the same data. So even if one is unreadable, the other one might be OK. Usually the critical information (such as a credit card number) doesn't go the entire stripe length. So a partial swipe could work.


Question: How do emulators save games?

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 How do emulators save games?

Emulators in addition to emulating the hardware can also emulate however the original game system saves data. SNES emulators where the save data is on the cartridge will typically store save data as a separate file in the same folder and with the same name as the ROM but with a different file extension. Save states where you can save at any point are done by saving the entire state of any memory that the hardware has. Things like the state of CPU registers, and RAM contents, and saves this in a format specific to the emulator in a file. As to where these files are, it depends on the emulator, and you'll have to look for the specific folder on the emulators website or Google. Places it could be are usually the same folder the ROM is in, in %AppData% on Windows, or in a folder where the emulator is installed. But yes, after you figure out where the files are you can back them up to an external drive. Oh right, dragging the ROM onto the emulator shortcut is just a common shortcut that opens the emulator and tells it the location of the ROM at the same time. Or dragging it into the open application is a similar shortcut that opens the rom. Nothing is actually copied (usually), so don't delete the ROM.


Question: Why would it be possible to see a ball inside a closed box in a 4d world but not a 3d world?

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 Why would it be possible to see a ball inside a closed box in a 4d world but not a 3d world?

Let's reduce the dimensionality of it, and consider the case of a 2D circle inside a 2D square, as viewed by yourself and Mr. Stick Figure, a flatlander. As a flatlander, Mr. Figure can only see forwards/backwards and up/down. He sees everything as lines that are closer or further away from him, or higher up/lower down than he is. He can also rotate objects only so that they roll towards him or away from him. Left and right do not exist for him, and so if he puts a circle in a square, there is no "other" direction for him to move in to go "around" the walls of his square safe. Except, as a 3D creature observing Mr. Figure sliding around on your wall, you can clearly see the alternate direction. Mr. Figure is thinner than a piece of paper and can't even conceptualize something that is off his wall, but you could just reach out and poke the ball inside the safe, since there's no wall blocking your access from the third dimension. You could also poke inside of his brains if you wanted, because his skull is just a 2D oval, not a 3D ovoid. If you've got some time, look at URL_0 . I've put in a timestamp near the good part of the explanation, but it's a full movie on the subject if you're interested.


Question: why do printers need all their colors to print something even if the requested print is just black and white?

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 why do printers need all their colors to print something even if the requested print is just black and white?

Almost all inkjet and laser printers put [Machine Identification Code]( URL_0 ) dots on their printed pages. This allows the page to be associated with the printer that produced it, which can be helpful for law enforcement. As these dots are color, they require color ink to be present to print.


Question: If Hitler was austrian, why didn't he fight for austrian nationalism?

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 If Hitler was austrian, why didn't he fight for austrian nationalism?

Hitler claimed to be ethnically German. One of the reasons stated for invading Poland was to return ethnic Germans to Germany. The Nazi of being German wasn't just a place of birth but of "blood lines" or ethnic history. Really though people like Hitler will use whatever method is effective to gain power, it happened that anti-Semitism and German nationalism is what worked at the time.


Question: Why does spending a few hours out in the sun at the beach make you get so tired?

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 Why does spending a few hours out in the sun at the beach make you get so tired?

Dehydration. The beach tends to have a constant breeze, so you don't notice yourself sweating as much as you actually are. There also is very little shade, so you body overheats a little. This also means furthering dehydration, but it also throws your body out of equilibrium, exactly like having a fever.


Question: What are the steps for any citizen regardless of education (USA) to get involved in writing policy, bills, laws, or proposals? How does one make contacts with the proper people to eventually get these ideas voted on?

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 What are the steps for any citizen regardless of education (USA) to get involved in writing policy, bills, laws, or proposals? How does one make contacts with the proper people to eventually get these ideas voted on?

Political parties are considered to be the basic unit of democracy, so join a party. You'll get in touch with people of similar interests and with policymakers. Developing done relations is a pretty easy from that point and a good idea for a law is always welcome. The next opportunity would be joining a lobby group, which again does the same thing as the party but on a smaller scale. To write the literal text of the laws you'd have to be hired in legislative organs and hold a law degree, because laws are technical as all hell. You can also petition a law proposal through your representative


Question: Why do some people struggle with weight loss/gain their whole lives while others are thin without effort?

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 Why do some people struggle with weight loss/gain their whole lives while others are thin without effort?

The simple truth that is that thin people eat less food than fat people. The science is irrefutable. I'm thin, I eat whatever kinds of food I want, I'm not constantly exercising or at the gym. I constantly hear people tell me how lucky I am because I have a high metabolism, but when we sit down to eat, it's immediately obvious that my metabolism has a lot less to do with it than the fact that their plate has 2-3 times as much food on it as mine, they are drinking 1-2 glasses of soda with their meal (I usually drink water), then have seconds and/or desert, and afterward they would never think of taking the stairs instead of the elevator. The bottom line is, just practice reasonable portion control and get moderate exercise each day. That's it. A box of cookies isn't for consuming in one sitting, soda should not be your main source of hydration, a bit of walking outside in the fresh air isn't that hard to do.


Question: What happens to that thing I returned at the store/online?

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 What happens to that thing I returned at the store/online?

I have no idea why I'm seeing these brand new threads on the frontpage (did Reddit change its settings recently?) but I'll answer you. It depends on WHY you returned it. If it was just "changed my mind" or "this was a gift that I don't want", e.g. the item is still sellable and nothing's wrong with it, then they put it back on the shelf. If you return an item because it's defective, on the other hand, it will get thrown in a bin called "RTV" or "return to vendor". Basically, the store sends broken items back to the vendors who in turn send them back to the companies for a refund. So they aren't actually stuck paying for broken stuff - they eventually get their money back. Then there's a middle category. This is mostly for electronics stores like Best Buy, where they have return policies saying you can return OPENED but LIKE NEW items - e.g. you buy a computer, use it a week and decide you don't like it very much. That stuff then usually gets sold as "open box". It's marked down from the NEW price since it's no longer sealed. I've bought lots of open box items to score a discount before. That usually includes stuff like if all the accessories are included or not. (Sometimes, if you lose a charging cable or similar, the store will give you a partial refund, and then just sell it for even less) They take a slight hit, but obviously they're still selling it for more than they paid so they still make a profit - just not as much of one.


Question: Why the dollar sign comes in front of the amount?

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 Why the dollar sign comes in front of the amount?

It's an accounting artifact from when accounting ledgers were done by hand with a pen. $104.35 some ledgers had 1 square for a number kind of like graphing paper. The $ in the square made it difficult to tamper with the number. Like this; URL_0 Same with using red ink or < $124.74 > or (126.24) for negative numbers instead of using the - sign


Question: Why is video conferencing still iffy 15 years after Skype launched, even though internet speeds and processing power have gone up dramatically?

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</answer>
 Why is video conferencing still iffy 15 years after Skype launched, even though internet speeds and processing power have gone up dramatically?

As technology get's better we also require higher quality video. So yes the transportation of information has gotten better, but we are also asking more of the transportation network. Additionally video is really hard to do correctly. The way the internet works is by this idea of 'packets', it's sorta like a chunk of data that get's sent and then reassembled with all the other data on the other side. If it's a regular file that just counts from 1-100 (really any file that's not real time) you can send numbers in any order (8, 92, 4, 6, 23) and then just rearrange them at the end as long as you have all 100 numbers. This also allows you to "drop" a packet. So if you dropped a 25 and 46 during your transmission you can just resend at the end and finalize assembling. However with calling and especially video calling, you can't just reorder those packets willy-nilly. Every single packet sent needs to be sent in order, otherwise you could get "hey you how are?" instead of "hey how are you?". Additionally you can't stop the whole process when you lose a packet to resend it, as that would just continuously add to the time delay. Instead of the 1 or 2 second delay you have now, the longer the call the longer the delay, an hour long call would end with a 5 minute delay. So how do they overcome all these challenges? Well they interpolate some information. If a packet full of video is dropped they can estimate what the picture should look like based off of what it used to look like. If a group of five pixels is currently blue, but you don't know what they should look like 1 second from now, you can estimate they will probably also look blue. That's the choppiness you see. The robot voice is pretty similar, if you have part of the audio like the basic words, but not the intonation you can just set the intonation to be equal to what is was during your last good packet. This manifests as a 'robot' voice because it's pretty monotone. The ability to estimate this stuff on the fly is actually very impressive even though it does look pretty crappy when you have it happen to you.


Question: If fingerprints never change, why do fingerprints needs to be taken multiple times(e.g. some health jobs require a fingerprint check every time you renew your license) and why can't various industries talk to each other (e.g job working with children and an application for a gun license)?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 If fingerprints never change, why do fingerprints needs to be taken multiple times(e.g. some health jobs require a fingerprint check every time you renew your license) and why can't various industries talk to each other (e.g job working with children and an application for a gun license)?

For one, there is no almighty database. Different programs use different databases and not all programs are integrated together. Luckily things at getting easier when more and more companies develop an API for their product but that is not a guarantee. As for why the renewal, when having security access it is usually required to update biometrics as a security thing. then there is bureaucracy, which is just paper work. Think of how many damn forms ask for your social security number in the states


Question: In terms of computer's RAM(SSD, HDD) - what is a cache and how does it work?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 In terms of computer's RAM(SSD, HDD) - what is a cache and how does it work?

One of the basic rules of computing is that performance costs money. We know how to build faster hdd's and memory, but it is often cost prohibitive to do so. But with some clever engineering we can use a small amount of expensive and high performance storage to improve the performance of slower storage. Think of a cache as a sort of middle man between slower storage and the rest of the computer, allowing the computer to interact with the cache at high speed while the slower and cheaper storage catches up.


Question: - No gold reserves are backing the full US economy, so how is it valued and how is the USD currency kept up against other currencies without gold reserves backing it 100%?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 - No gold reserves are backing the full US economy, so how is it valued and how is the USD currency kept up against other currencies without gold reserves backing it 100%?

Same reason people accepted a metal that's pretty bad at doing most jobs aside from making electronics (which uses only a tiny amount) compared to pretty much any metal or alloy. People were willing to accept it for goods and services, not just anyone could make more of it easily, and it doesn't go bad if you lock it in a box. Gold's value fluctuates just like any other commodity, and letting someone else handle your money supply turned out to be very bad for many economies. This is speculation, since no modern government is dumb enough to go back on the gold standard. But gold traders could probably tank a nation's economy by just buying gold. You try to do that with fiat currency and you're fighting a money printer. In addition the US dollar is the only thing accepted by the US government for taxes. And several countries only sell oil for US dollars.


Question: Why does 100 km/h not feel so incredibly fast when seated in a train or car whereas it does feel really fast when seated in an attraction like a rollarcoaster?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does 100 km/h not feel so incredibly fast when seated in a train or car whereas it does feel really fast when seated in an attraction like a rollarcoaster?

* 100 km/h is a speed. * Humans don't feel speed, we feel force and force comes from acceleration * Acceleration is caused by two things: * Change of speed * Change of direction * When seated in a train or car you aren't accelerating very much. Sure there are small changes in speed and direction. * On a rollercoaster, the entire point is the make you *feel* it. So the entire ride is designed to change your speed and direction.


Question: When you cut something, isn’t there a chance that you will cut an atom and there will be an explosion?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 When you cut something, isn’t there a chance that you will cut an atom and there will be an explosion?

Imagine you have a cube made out of little magnetic balls. You've probably seen them. Make a knife out of those magnetic balls. I'll let you use glue to hold it all in place. Now, cut the cube with the knife and try splitting one of the magnetic balls in half doing so.


Question: why won't companies like Valve make games such as Half Life 3 which would pretty much guarantee them unimaginable profits? Is there another reason for not doing it apart from the risk of it not being that good?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 why won't companies like Valve make games such as Half Life 3 which would pretty much guarantee them unimaginable profits? Is there another reason for not doing it apart from the risk of it not being that good?

Valve is making money hand over fist with Steam. Half Life 3 has impossible expectations to live up to so I'm sure they'll wait until the risk doesn't outweigh the reward. Why risk messing things up right now when they're doing really well? Square long ago said they would never remake FF7. They're now remaking FF7 because something about their situation changed and they think it's good for business. That might happen in the future to Valve but there is really no way to tell without waiting for it to happen.


Question: Where does the money go when the Federal Reserve injects cash into the market?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Where does the money go when the Federal Reserve injects cash into the market?

It’s where the banks can get to it, to keep lending money. The problem is if the banks stop lending to mid and small size companies who don’t have vast cash reserves like the Fortune 500 companies. It especially applies to those Regional banks again that don’t have the reserves say of Bank of America. They’re priming the pump to keep confidence high.


Question: Why do air bubbles form on the side of glasses of water that have been left undisturbed for a while?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do air bubbles form on the side of glasses of water that have been left undisturbed for a while?

Water has air dissolved in it. When it's pressurized in pipes, it gets air forced into it. Most home sinks have aerators that mix in air when it's being poured. Even splashing it into a glass can add some air. Over time, these gasses come out of solution & form bubbles. Often, the bubbles form at the side of the glass where there's little imperfections ('nucleation sites') for the gas to stick to. It's not a lot different than a carbonated beverage except that the carbonated beverage has a *lot* more gas dissolved in it, so you get get streams of bubbles at the nucleation sites, growing large enough to float to the top.


Question: Why is it louder when a bunch of people make the same sound at the same time?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is it louder when a bunch of people make the same sound at the same time?

Waves interfere constructively and destructively. Think about pushing someone on a swing, when you push them the way they are already swinging they swing higher, and when you push against their motion they swing less. Waves that encounter each other then will combine into one wave. The peaks of the sound wave from one person will combine with the peaks of other people's voices to push the combined sound louder.


Question: What ecological role do nocturnal urban critters like skunks, raccoons and opposums have?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What ecological role do nocturnal urban critters like skunks, raccoons and opposums have?

All three of them have pretty similar roles as small browsing omnivores. In the wild, they would eat choice plant material like berries, along with insects and small animals they might be able to catch. It's not that much different in the city, except for most of the potential plant food sources aren't around, but there are a lot more types of human leftovers tossed all over the place.


Question: Why does censoring the eyes make a person unrecognizable?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why does censoring the eyes make a person unrecognizable?

It doesn't. You can still recognize someone you know even when you can't see their eyes. If it were otherwise, all you'd need to be completely incognito is a pair of sunglasses. That said, obscuring the eyes can make it a bit more difficult for facial recognition software to identify a person. Eye color, shape, and the distance between the eyes are all important measurements used by facial recognition software.


Question: Why do production outfits ask bystanders to sign release forms for their faces to be shown, but vloggers don't have to?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do production outfits ask bystanders to sign release forms for their faces to be shown, but vloggers don't have to?

Release forms aren't mandatory, they are a preventive measure production firms use to protect against lawsuits, monetary demands, etc. So it's not like there is some different law regarding the two video sources or that one has to do it and the other doesn't. Simply put Vloggers are still at a strange intersection between amateurism and professionalism. If you are in the youtube video of some start-up no-name vlogger you have the same rights available to protect your image as someone would have who appears in a tv show without having signed a release form. The big difference is, you wouldn't do anything about it most likely, because you are less likely to see it, you stand to gain much less in monetary damages, etc. So for small time vloggers (hobby photographers, etc.) getting release forms isn't really worth the hassle. In the worst case, you might be forced to take down your video. However as vloggers get bigger and their revenue increases they will have to professionalize their productions which include getting release forms to protect themselves legally.


Question: Why do our brains remember words to a song so easily, when it's much harder to remember spoken lines in scripts or poetry?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do our brains remember words to a song so easily, when it's much harder to remember spoken lines in scripts or poetry?

We retain information more effectively when we process it using multiple parts of the brain, instead of just one. It's actually the same reason that people who take notes during classes often remember the material without needing to look at the notes again. When you're taking notes, your brain has to use both the verbal/linguistic (words) and spatial (hand motions) centres in the process of organising the information before you can write it down effectively, which helps you form memories. The same thing happens when you're listening to song lyrics, but instead of verbal/linguistic and spatial, it's verbal/linguistic and auditory (for the musical part). Your brain has to process both aspects, so you remember it in a more organised way. Source: [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 ) (approaches it from the note-taking angle, but includes a basic explanation)


Question: Why is talking via the phone prohibited while talking to someone that is physically in the car is not?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why is talking via the phone prohibited while talking to someone that is physically in the car is not?

Technically speaking, it is best to limit the amount of distractions in the car while driving, including chatty people. The issue with phones comes from the fact that it more than likely takes up a hand to operate, which severely impairs your ability to react to situations, and it can be a visual distraction as well, and at certain speeds, even a couple of seconds could mean the difference between crashing and avoiding an accident.


Question: Why do some animal mothers reject their young?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why do some animal mothers reject their young?

Depends on the animal and the condition of it. & #x200B; If you are talking about something like spiders or fish that don't care for their young, its because they have so many at a time that having half or more die off isn't going to matter. Statistically speaking, several of those offspring will make it to adulthood and will reproduce. & #x200B; If you are talking about birds that push their babies out of the nest, this is to force them to learn how to fly or die so that natural selection takes place. If a bird that is unable to fly is allowed to reproduce, then it could cause later generations to not be able to fly, which would mean they are easier to hunt for their predators and would cause them to go extinct. It is because birds pushed their young out of the nest that allowed them to survive extinction. & #x200B; If you are talking about a specific case with an animal that usually cares for their young, it could be due to a defect that the young has that makes them not likely to survive. Thus, if the mother knows this, they won't waste their time and energy caring for it when it won't survive long enough to reproduce. & #x200B; If there is a specific animal you are talking about and I didn't quite answer it, just reply back to me and I'll see if I can explain it.


Question: What makes a piece of glass/mirror shatter into more pieces than another?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 What makes a piece of glass/mirror shatter into more pieces than another?

Different crystal patterns in the molecular structure. The shockwave that causes it to shatter travels along the edges and causes them to separate at different intervals depending on how it's structured. Rocks for example have fault lines where each mineral attaches itself without much crystalization, so when a rock shatters it's very jagged and crumbly. Glass has a more uniform pattern and there for breaks along very long, fine edges, leading to large, straight, sharp pieces.


Question: Why can't our bodies run entirely off of stored fat? If our fat is stored energy, then why does an overweight person need to eat everyday when they already have so much stored energy.

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
Your answer should follow these rubric criterias:
Factual Accuracy: The answer must be factually correct and does not contradict the reference answer.
Relevance and Completeness: The answer should directly address the specific question, covering all essential aspects.
Clarity and Organization: The answer should be well-structured, coherent, and easy to follow.
Depth and Insight: The answer should provide thoughtful analysis or context, going beyond superficial details.
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<answer>
[Your final detailed answer goes here]
</answer>
 Why can't our bodies run entirely off of stored fat? If our fat is stored energy, then why does an overweight person need to eat everyday when they already have so much stored energy.

Your body can run almost entirely off of stored fat. It's called ketosis,and some people actually induce it on purpose as a part of their diet. It's apparently pretty difficult in the transition period, because the body needs some time getting used to it. You can use fats as fuel directly for your muscles, but the brain can't run off of fat. In the case of a 0-carbohydrate diet, your body starts converting fat into ketone bodies, which, although not optimal, can fuel the brain.


Question: Why is everyone so angry about the Senate passing the resolution to let ISPs sell our internet history now, rather than years ago?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 Why is everyone so angry about the Senate passing the resolution to let ISPs sell our internet history now, rather than years ago?

People are slowly recognizing that individual privacy is being destroyed and that more and more people are figuring out that our laws are way behind in term of internet privacy. Basically, the erosion of privacy is reaching a ultimate point where the population is starting to be really concerned about it.


Question: why do houseflies get stuck in a closed window when an open window is right beside them? Do they have bad vision?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 why do houseflies get stuck in a closed window when an open window is right beside them? Do they have bad vision?

Flies have very simple brains. Through their evolution it has been enough to fly towards light; then along came us tricky humans and put transparent glass in their way. In a similar situation we can observe, learn and devise a strategy to escape. Flies can't, so this is less an issue of vision and more one of brainpower.


Question: If lead is a culminative toxin, "there is no safe threshold/amount of lead exposure," and exposure can lead to irreversible tissue/organ/brain damage, why is it so prevalent everywhere, especially in our food? Why aren't we making more of an effort to remove it?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 If lead is a culminative toxin, "there is no safe threshold/amount of lead exposure," and exposure can lead to irreversible tissue/organ/brain damage, why is it so prevalent everywhere, especially in our food? Why aren't we making more of an effort to remove it?

Lead exposure isn’t a problem for the average person. It doesn’t get inside you just from being around it. You have to breathe in lead particles. Kids didn’t get lead poisoning from eating lead paint bc they were poor and hungry, it was the lead dust that was created by chipped lead paint, which was often used - and not maintained - in public housing. Kids would chip and peel the old paint, and breathe in the released lead dust/particles. I had to wear a respirator when I worked in stained glass because we use lead solder. Melting it with a soldering iron produces smoke, which contains lead particles. Breathe enough of that in, get dumb. (Also why leaded gas isn’t sold in the US anymore.) The groups in those studies worked with or around lead.


Question: Is it okay to leave your phone (or other electronics thay require charge) plugged in and charged overnight?

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 Is it okay to leave your phone (or other electronics thay require charge) plugged in and charged overnight?

No, it actually prolongs the life of the battery. Once the battery is full, the charge circuit will cut power to it and not charge it again until the battery voltage drops by some amount. However, while your phone is plugged in, modern phones will not draw any power from the battery and rely purely on the external power. This basically means your battery is not being drained for those remaining hours. Battery lifespans are typically measured in the number of full charge-discharge cycles, so by keeping your phone on charge for a few extra hours a day, you're saving those hours from the lifespan of the battery.


Question: How does glass shatter when run under super hot water or in a dishwasher?

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 How does glass shatter when run under super hot water or in a dishwasher?

When things heat up, they expand. This is true for most types of glass†. When you heat something up unevenly, the heat can bend/warp it. Glass no likey bending. The resulting stress can cause the glass to break. † Yes, they make special borosilicate glass with very low coefficient of thermal expansion, but I presume the OP is talking about ordinary glass.


Question: How do fans cool you down if they blow air at the same temperature?

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 How do fans cool you down if they blow air at the same temperature?

There are two things going on with this process. 1) your body is giving off heat all the time to the environment, when a fan is blowing air across your skin you give off heat faster and feel cooler. 2) the air in the environment is actually getting warmer, this happens faster when a fan is running but in an enclosed room, given enough time, you will hit equilibrium. When that happens the fan will not do much for you. Living in Florida it does feel that way in the summer time.


Question: if large atoms are caused by exploding stars in space, how can we find them here?

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 if large atoms are caused by exploding stars in space, how can we find them here?

Earth has existed for only about a third of the age of the universe. The two thirds before that was full of stars living, dying, exploding, and seeding the births of new solar systems, including ours. The matter that coalesced into our Sun and its planets (and other nearby star systems) was seeded by a supernova from an earlier star generation, and thus has a higher proportion of heavier elements.


Question: How does ear pressure equilibrium work when you take a plane?

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 How does ear pressure equilibrium work when you take a plane?

Inside the ear is the tympanic membrane that vibrates in response to sound. It also divides the ear in the middle and outer parts. Air in the outer ear is directly connected to the environment, while air in the middle ear is connected to the top of the throat by the Eustachian tube. This helps keep the middle ear at the same pressure as the outer ear. There is also mucus at the throat end of the Eustachian tube that mostly closes the tube. When you're on the plane, the cabin pressure is lowered. Because the middle ear is kinda blocked off at the throat, the air inside has the higher atmospheric pressure, causing the pain. Yawning, swallowing, or moving your jaw in general, can open the Eustachian tube long enough for the pressure to quickly equilibriate. In your scenario, the heat didn't make the pressure go back to normal, time did. However, hot air expands and exerts a higher pressure, and by putting the cups over your ears, you're putting higher pressure air over the ears to match the pressure in the Eustachian tube and relieve the pain long enough for it to naturally match the outside pressure.


Question: What is the significance of the domain .io and how does it differ from the other domains such as .com and .org?

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 What is the significance of the domain .io and how does it differ from the other domains such as .com and .org?

it's the TLD (top level domain) of the British Territory in the ***I***ndian ***O***cean. Since those domains are cheap and gained some notoriety with webgames, web-dev demos and utilities ( URL_0 is great!), they're used for novelty stuff a lot. the I/O (input-output) abbreviation comes to mind too, also nice play with URL_1 .


Question: - Caffeine doesn’t seem to work on me. Why is that?

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 - Caffeine doesn’t seem to work on me. Why is that?

A common misconception about caffeine, it doesn't actually give you energy. Caffeine blocks certain transmitters in our brains that are usually activated by another molecule. When ATP molecules set off those transmitters, it tells our brain to slow down neuron activity which is us getting tired, when we sleep, an enzyme will break down those molecules. Caffeine will block the transmitters but not activate them so our brain is getting less tired signals so you don't get more tired. The enzymes do break down someone of the ATP molecules while caffeine is doing its thing, but it isn't enough to counter the production. If you have sugar in your caffeinated beverage its a different story.


Question: how do flavored waters have flavor added to them, but no sugar, sodium, etc, is added with the flavor?

The user asks a question, and the Assistant answers it. The assistant provides the user with the answer that strictly follows the following guidelines. The answer should be enclosed within <answer> </answer> tags, respectively, i.e., <answer> ANSWER HERE </answer>.
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 how do flavored waters have flavor added to them, but no sugar, sodium, etc, is added with the flavor?

Usually, flavors are given by [essential oils]( URL_0 ), which can be extracted from various fruits, and usually only require a very small dose to give the "flavor". As far as "no sugar" added, your body uses glucose for energy, and can digest fructose, lactose, and other natural sugars (can transform them into glucose in the blood). There are "artificial sweeteners", for example [sucralose]( URL_1 ), that are sensed by your taste buds as "sweet" but the liver can't decompose them to sugar (completely different molecule), so you don't get the calories. Calories are a measurement of "what your body can digest." Foods can be labeled 0 calories or 0 sugars if they don't contain sugars that your body can digest. They contain artificial sweeteners, your body can't digest them. As far as "no sodium", NaCl (sodium chloride) is the basic salt, but there's also KCl (potassium chloride), also tastes very salty, and can raise your blood pressure quite a bit. And there can be other salts, again, taste salty but no sodium.


Question: How does the embezzlement scheme in the movie/musical ‘The Producers’ work?

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 How does the embezzlement scheme in the movie/musical ‘The Producers’ work?

Say it costs $100k to put on a show. I borrow that from an investor promising them 50% of the profits. So if I make $200k they get their $100k back and $50k as their profit share. That’s a great return. But if I make $0, they get nothing back but can write off that loss so pay less taxes elsewhere. So they won’t whinge too much and the IRS accepts the tax write off. Now- say I offer the same deal to 10 different investors. The show still only costs $100k to put on so I’ve just made $900k. When I then tell each of the 10 that I made no money, they each shrug and write it off to tax. The problem is that each investor isn’t told about the others so they’re all expecting $50k in my $200k profits because the show is a success. So now I owe them all their 100k, plus another $500k for the profits out of my $200k. I’m $400k in the hole (as I still also have to pay for the show to be put on) and I only get deeper the more successful the show becomes. (Edit: typed 59 rather than 50 in para 2.)


Question: What are some examples of 'gaslighting'?

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 What are some examples of 'gaslighting'?

Let's say that you and your girlfriend live in an apartment together. And she keeps hiding your car keys in different places, but every time you call her on it, she's all "No, don't you remember putting it there? It's been there all along. Are you sure you're remembering things okay?" And the more she does that, the more you doubt yourself. Maybe you are just being forgetful. Like, why would your girlfriend lie to you about your keys? Eventually, she's convinced you that you can't trust your own memories. The term comes from a 1938 play, "Gaslight" where a husband psychologically manipulates his wife this way.


Question: Why isn't the bottom of a lake packed in from the weight of the water above?

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 Why isn't the bottom of a lake packed in from the weight of the water above?

Dirt, sand, rocks and organic matter is all porous so it lets water through. So the water that pushes down on the sediments is going straight through it creating pressure under it. This pushes up with an equal force that it is pushed down and therefore it does not get packed. It takes a lot of sediments and rock in order to be relatively watertight so the weight of the water is distributed over a lot of rock under the lake. So eventually it will compress and pack the material but not at the top.