Question: Why do pre packaged soft baked cookies (ex. Chips Ahoy Chewy, Pillsbury Minis, Mrs. Fields Individually Wrapped) all have a relatively similar distinct flavor & aftertaste that are different from freshed baked cookies?

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 Why do pre packaged soft baked cookies (ex. Chips Ahoy Chewy, Pillsbury Minis, Mrs. Fields Individually Wrapped) all have a relatively similar distinct flavor & aftertaste that are different from freshed baked cookies?

One of the chief chemicals responsible for keeping baked goods "soft" as if they were fresh baked is L-Cysteine. This is a common Sulfur containing amino acid, and is responsible for all varieties of curly hair. Sulfur is going to have an effect on your gases. And L-Cysteine by itself doesn't have a pleasant flavor. Gross news though! Apparently the "natural" ingredient is sourced from [duck feathers, human hair, and hog hair] ( URL_0 ) Enjoy your soft baked hog hair cookies! edit: added words


Question: Why do they say not to use your phone while gas is being filled in the car?

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 Why do they say not to use your phone while gas is being filled in the car?

Static charge and electromagnetic radiation (radio waves) *can* cause fuel to ignite. But your phone is not putting out a very high amount of energy at all, and the fuel pump systems these days are very well protected, so the chances of that happening are probably worse than the chances of winning the lottery. This idea is much more serious at military bases where high-power radar poses a hazard to certain types of jet fuel.


Question: How come water based liquids sting wounds but oil based liquids or ointments don’t?

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 How come water based liquids sting wounds but oil based liquids or ointments don’t?

Our bodies use water, in our blood, as the main fluid to move stuff around. So water is special to us in a way that oils are not, when water touches our wounds, it's sort of like the right plug fitting into the right outlet. Our nerves, which are exposed in a wound, use chemicals called "ions" to transmit signals up to our brain. When water touches an exposed nerve, if that water contains too many ions (like salty water) or too few ions (like distilled water) it can cause the nerves to misfire and transmit a signal to the brain that we perceive as "stinging". If the water has just the right ion balance, which we call "saline water", it wouldn't trigger that sensation.


Question: Where did magic originate from, and why is it associated with medieval times with knights and dragons?

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 Where did magic originate from, and why is it associated with medieval times with knights and dragons?

Are you asking about magic as in supernatural, or magic as in illusions performed by magicians? If it's the former, the idea of magic has been around as long as humans had the ability to think about complex ideas, so there's no way to know or say when it originated. It's certainly been written about since the first written languages came about. As for why it's associated with medieval times with knights and dragons, that's a product of you presumably growing up in western society. Every culture has it's own conception and history of magic. If you grew up in the Middle East or Asia or Africa, you'd have an entirely different concept of magic appropriate to your local history and traditions, although there are certainly common themes that you'll find in magic lore of many different societies.


Question: Why eating something sweet hurts the teeth more than eating something else?

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 Why eating something sweet hurts the teeth more than eating something else?

Sugar will not make your teeth hurt in any way if you are healthy, and your teeth are sound and undamaged. If you are eating sweet foods and you feel pain, it’s because of an open connection of your underlying tooth tissue and the free oral space in any given tooth. Mostly in the case of leaking fillings where food and saliva have access or come into contact with the sensitive underlying dentin, you will experience pain. Eroded teeth and enamel worn teeth will also show sensitivity and pain; think of sensitive tooth necks. Sometimes anatomical issues like deep and profound fissures in permanent molars may cause sensitivity(see photo). In this case, sealing is a treatment option also for the prevention of developing cavities. Saliva plays a role in the remineralization process of enamel. When having a dry mouth due to medication side effects, dental sensitivity problems may occur more frequently. Don’t blame the sugar, check your cavities, fillings, and erosions instead.


Question: Why are wires generally preferred over ACH when transferring larger amounts of money?

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 Why are wires generally preferred over ACH when transferring larger amounts of money?

ACH (actually EFTS specifically as wire can be done through an Automated Clearing House too) requires just routing and account number, and in a legal sense is recognized as similar to a personal check. Wire transfers require two numbers from the bank that aren't easily-accessed public knowledge that you can find on anyone's checkbook, and only a sender can authorize money moving unlike EFTS where the receiver can also make money move like with automatic bill payment. In this sense it's treated more like a cashier's check. If they use FedWire, that money can be moved in the same business day (or even instantly) also, which is pretty handy. Not sure if FedACH is set up the same way, but FedWire is served by a datacenter with on-site backup, with another "hot" backup a few hundred miles away with *its* own backup of the backup, and a third "warm" backup facility. Even though the process is very quick. This provides a lot of integrity and failsafe to those big amounts of money.


Question: if the top speed in our universe is c what is the speed of a photon moving in the opposite direction of another photon?

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 if the top speed in our universe is c what is the speed of a photon moving in the opposite direction of another photon?

This is a nonsensical question. Two photons moving in opposite directions *do not have a relative speed at all* for the simple fact that there is no inertial coordinate system in which either photon is at rest. In order to measure the relative speed of 2 objects, you need a frame of reference in which at least one is at rest, but photons have no valid rest frame. & #x200B;


Question: when you see geological maps (the layered ones that show different periods of earth) why does earth stack layers? In theory because of erosion and whatnot shouldn’t it actually get lower?

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 when you see geological maps (the layered ones that show different periods of earth) why does earth stack layers? In theory because of erosion and whatnot shouldn’t it actually get lower?

Exactly, some places get eroded, those partials get transported to other areas where they stack back up again. Great example is the grand canyon, you can see the layers all the way down. Aka, it was a spot were stuff used to stack up. Now it's being eroded away by the river. Those partials are being transported down stream to be deposited elsewhere to begin making new layers.


Question: Why does hormonal acne tend to pop up on your chin/jawline, as apposed to elsewhere on the body?

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 Why does hormonal acne tend to pop up on your chin/jawline, as apposed to elsewhere on the body?

What else is happening during that time of your life, particularly for boys? Hair development. The main reason this area gets hit hard is that hormonal changes affecting hair follicles where the beard develops produce extra sebum, the oily substance that lubricates your skin and helps hair grow without impediment (ingrown hairs). The oily nature of sebum causes extra bacteria to build up in the opening follicles, causing an immune response that creates the pus associated with acne.


Question: How do actors/actresses look so good in movies/TV while in real life they are not as attractive and often give the impression they had too much makeup?

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 How do actors/actresses look so good in movies/TV while in real life they are not as attractive and often give the impression they had too much makeup?

That's the magic of having an entire crew of make-up, studio lighting, composition and other specialists working to make you look great. By the time you see them in a movie, there's been a host of people working on their looks from the person who does their makeup to the person who tells them how to pose in flattering ways and the person who does the final colour correction. Without all that, they're just people.


Question: What might one inherit that would make them a naturally good endurance runner?

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 What might one inherit that would make them a naturally good endurance runner?

There is so much which can be inherited that it’s hard to list them all down. I’ll just give one example, mitochondria. Mitochondria is an organelle in human and plant cells, which converts Glucose into ATP. ATP is the main “fuel” that keeps your body energised. Your mitochondria have a different DNA than you, since they are inherited only from your Mother while you are a combination of your biological Mother and Father. This creates a genetic trail through your Mother, her Grandmother, etc etc all the way back to [Mitochondrial Eve] ( URL_0 ), the most recent common ancestor for the entire world’s population. Anyway, small mutations throughout the ages in the mitochondria’s DNA can improve ATP generation. These mutations are passed down the female line. So you can inherit your Mother’s mitochondria and gain that advantage.


Question: Why does sticking your finger in foamy soda cause the foam to recede faster, but the same is not true of beer?

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 Why does sticking your finger in foamy soda cause the foam to recede faster, but the same is not true of beer?

It does work with beer to a certain extent but the foam on beer is much more structured and dense than with soda. It’s the oil on your skin that breaks down the foam and your finger just doesn’t usually have enough oil on it to break down beer foam. You can rub your finger on your nose to pick up a little more foam. That sometimes works.


Question: How do people learn to become skilled criminals?

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 How do people learn to become skilled criminals?

Usually people start off as lousy criminals and get caught. They go to prison and learn from other criminals mistakes and when they're released from prison they implement better techniques. This is most likely where they meet other people getting out with similar interests or criminal skills and form a network on the outside.


Question: Why must we close our eyes in order to fall asleep?

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 Why must we close our eyes in order to fall asleep?

First off; *we don't*. Secondly; closing our eyes prevents them from drying out during the night. There isn't a whole lot of blinking taking place during sleep, but there is certainly a lot of movement, which would dry out our eyes and potentially damage them. Lastly; humans naturally sleep during the night due to the reduction in light, which makes it difficult and dangerous to hunt or gather food. Closing our eyes can help to simulate the darkness of night, so that we can sleep more easily and more comfortably.


Question: How can you pinpoint your location with GPS on your phone without service on the ground, but can’t do the same on an airplane?

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 How can you pinpoint your location with GPS on your phone without service on the ground, but can’t do the same on an airplane?

It works in plane too....if you have an unobstructed view of the sky with at least 4 satellites. Given cramped space and metal ceilinge of typical airliner body this is 50/50 chance of working if you're in window seat. But if you do it on a private small plane with a big plastic window, it works just fine.


Question: On a flat road, why is it that it looks like the road is made of reflective water really far ahead?

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 On a flat road, why is it that it looks like the road is made of reflective water really far ahead?

What you are seeing is a mirage. The heat coming off the road distorts the air in such a way that what you are seeing is actually a reflection of the sky. The mirror-like reflection looks like water compared to the relatively matte road surface. The mirages like you see in the cartoons are a little far-fetched, but a lot of real mirages were of boats that seemed to be floating in air. This was caused by the reflection of boats too far away or over the horizon to see. Lots of "ghost ship" stories sprang from this phenomenon.


Question: Why is COVID-19 so highly feared with 2,900 deaths, but not the flu which kills sometimes hundreds of thousands worldwide each year?

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 Why is COVID-19 so highly feared with 2,900 deaths, but not the flu which kills sometimes hundreds of thousands worldwide each year?

The flu kills about 1 in every 10,000 people that get it. COVID-19 kills 200 in every 10,000 it infects. People compare the general death tolls without putting it into context of how many got it. Also we are not done with this virus yet, it will spread and kill a lot more. There are strains of the flu that do kill at the rate that COVID-19 does and on rare occasions outbreaks of those do happen, but they are taken just as seriously as this years outbreak is, the last time this happened was in 2009 with the H1N1 influenza virus. Additionally since this is a highly contagious strain of a virus family that does not commonly infect humans, there is a fear that may potentially become a recurring event in human history like the flu. If it spreads enough, there is a possibility that it will become a disease that stays around in the centuries to come with enough infections to mutate a strain resistant to past vaccines like the flu is.


Question: How much of a song can be replicated before it is deemed a copy? and how can a musical style emulate artists, but not be copying them?

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 How much of a song can be replicated before it is deemed a copy? and how can a musical style emulate artists, but not be copying them?

You change one note and you can say it’s different, I believe vanilla ice said he didn’t steal the heat to under pressure because the last note was different. Plus sampling is a huge thing in the music industry. Another good example is this is America by childish gambino almost completely ripped off the song from another rapper but it was just slightly different so there wasn’t too big of an up roar. It’s a hard thing to nail down honestly.


Question: Why do far away things appear small?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 Why do far away things appear small?

Draw a line from each rod and cone in your eye, through your lens and out into the world. Your field of view is composed of anything that intercepts those lines. These lines expand outward in a cone shape (because your eye's lens is convex), so objects that are closer are "hit" by more of these view-lines than they would be if they were distant. The lines represent how light travels from objects they're reflected off of, through your lens, and onto your rods and cones. Ultimately, the number of rods and cones an object activates determines its "size" in your field of view. This is also why holding an object closer to your eye in low-light conditions makes it easier to see: you're activating more rods and cones with the limited amount of light being reflected from the object.


Question: What is the difference between a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and a therapist?

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 What is the difference between a psychiatrist, a psychologist, and a therapist?

A psychiatrist is a medical doctor, who went to medical school, who prescribes medicine and practices therapy to treat psychological issues that require both. Things like bipolar disorder or narcolepsy require medication in order to heal. These patients need medicine to fix chemical problems in the brain before they can really begin to heal. A psychologist studies the mind and treats psychological disorders that don't require medication in order to heal. Some forms of depression, antisocial disorders, or stress disorders tend to fall under this category. These patients tend to just need a new way of handling their psychological issues; meditation exercises, talking therapies, changes to diet or exercise, etc. A therapist is any professional person who uses therapy to help people through difficult times in their lives. Most of your drug/alcohol rehab places have plenty of therapists on hand, marriage/relationship counselors typically fall under this category, and often after a person has undergone psychiatric care from a psychiatrist or psychologist, they'll end up at a therapist.


Question: Why does dust stay on moving cars? Shouldn't the air flow of the moving car be able to blow the dust off?

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 Why does dust stay on moving cars? Shouldn't the air flow of the moving car be able to blow the dust off?

Because the electrostatic force between the particle and the car is larger than the force pulling the particles off. The force which tries to remove the particles is dependent on the cross sectional area of the particle, where the air is pushing against. As dust are very small particles, the force applied by the air moving around the car is not enough to counteract the electrostatic force.


Question: How did game genie work?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 How did game genie work?

Game Genie and Gameshark both worked by editing specific hexadecimal that transfers between the game and the system's RAM. Part of the input code is the location of the address that it will to edit, the other is the edited string that it will insert once the address has been found and intercepted. Actually quite simple, still very doable on PC with Cheat Engine.


Question: How did we create non biodegradable things like plastic from what I'd assume is biodegradable materials?

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 How did we create non biodegradable things like plastic from what I'd assume is biodegradable materials?

Plastics have properties which make them resistant to biodegradation. Firstly, plastics are water resistant. Without moisture, bacteria/fungi cannot grow on it. Also, any digestive enzymes released by these organisms will be repelled from the surface. Secondly, producing plastics is very energy-inefficient compared to biological cellulose or other biomaterials. So nature has never bothered to evolve plastics and the enzymes to digest plastics. Also, plastics are very similar to wood (cellulose). When wood was first evolved, there were very few organisms capable of digesting it. This led to dead trees piling up everywhere and filling the earth with wood, which all eventually became coal. This period of earth’s history is the Carboniferous period, where almost all coal on earth came from this pile of dead trees. If plastics become as widespread as wood was, something will evolve to digest the abundant source of energy.


Question: is there a real risk that any cryptocurrency breaks the economy?

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 is there a real risk that any cryptocurrency breaks the economy?

Your question is too broad and too vague to give a good answer. To be clear: currency doesn't have much to do with how an economy works. A business provides a service, for which a customer pays X. The state takes Y percent from that price in taxes. Banks allow all three parties to exchange these amounts, as well as trade and share with other parties. How crypto currencies work, is that they do not allow the middleman to take a percentage, as a bank would, so the transaction fees can be eliminated. But the currency or exchange cannot provide *LOANS* which generate *debt, loss, interest, inflation, etc.* These are actually what drives the economy. So in short, not really, unless I misinterpreted your question.


Question: Why do foot peeling masks (like the Baby Foot Peel) take several days to start working?

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 Why do foot peeling masks (like the Baby Foot Peel) take several days to start working?

The callouses on your feet are very thick (thicker than anywhere else on the body), and products like that only penetrate so far. Also, anything strong enough to peel away all that dead skin in one go would cause severe burns to any less calloused areas it came in contact with (like your fingertips as you're applying them), and likely require a prescription.


Question: Why is Mexico not as developed as the USA or Canada?

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 Why is Mexico not as developed as the USA or Canada?

Colonization by the Spanish was a very different thing that colonization by the British, and not just the language angle. British colonies in the 17^th and 18^th centuries were constructed and managed as "British civilization". They were run with the expectation that they would be very British-like. Spanish colonies were not managed, they were seen as a source of resources, not a source of "more space to be Spanish".


Question: Why is it common for teachers and nurses to unionize, but not, e.g., architects or lawyers?

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 Why is it common for teachers and nurses to unionize, but not, e.g., architects or lawyers?

When you have a lot of people working for a single employer there arises the possibility where the employer could impose unfair wages or bad working conditions. So the workers collectively bargain with the employer to have better working conditions and pay - they form a union. Architects are mostly self-employed or work in small studios, so there isn't a critical mass of workers that need to be organized. The same applies for lawyers in smaller law firms. Engineers (IT mostly) and Lawyers in bigger law firms are highly sought after and work in a competitive field. They have the luxury of going away and working for someone else (in contrast to nurses and doctors - there are only so many hospitals). Companies compete in providing the best perks to employees just to lure more of them in. So there is no need to form unions. At least not right now :)


Question: How can I set up a corporation to purchase my (and everyone else’s) student loan debt and then dissolve the corporation via bankruptcy?

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 How can I set up a corporation to purchase my (and everyone else’s) student loan debt and then dissolve the corporation via bankruptcy?

Nice try, but that won't work. To buy up the debt, your corporation's going to need money. It doesn't have any, so it'll have to either take out a loan from a bank, or sell shares in the corporation to raise some. The bank and the investors are going to ask, "what's your business plan to pay us back?" When you as the CEO say you don't have one because you're planning on declaring bankruptcy and sticking them with the debt, they'll kick you out of their office.


Question: why does a physical trauma (car crash,bad fall, etc) start the flare response in people with autoimmune diseases? What is the body responding to?

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 why does a physical trauma (car crash,bad fall, etc) start the flare response in people with autoimmune diseases? What is the body responding to?

The role of the immune system is not limited just to fighting off infectious pathogens, although that is a major aspect of the work that it does. The immune is also generally responsible for cleaning up around wounds and stimulating the repair of injuries. Anytime anything damages or kills cells in the body — be it a cut, a bruise, a broken bone, a cancerous growth, or an infection — it’s the immune system’s job to clear out any foreign material and remove any damaged, infected, or dead cells, so that new healthy cells can divide and replace them. In other words, the immune system is not *just* the body’s police force, it’s also the body’s fire department and garbage collection. Traumatic physical injuries activate the immune system and stimulate immune cells to start killing and eating damaged cells. In people with autoimmune disorders, this process of killing and eating cells can run wild and off-target.


Question: what happens if a child is never potty trained? Will they eventually learn on their own?

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 what happens if a child is never potty trained? Will they eventually learn on their own?

I would imagine, like anything else in life, they would learn from how other people react to what they are doing. If people act with disgust for example they probably will get the idea. If a person is isolated from any human contact I would imagine they will do what suits them best. They probably won't want to crap in their own bed because it smells, etc.


Question: Why can't a DSLR camera record in 4k if they can take pictures with a resolution higher than 4k?

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 Why can't a DSLR camera record in 4k if they can take pictures with a resolution higher than 4k?

To recorded video you need to capture a picture at the frame rate you film at. So for 30 fps video you need a sensor that can read out a 4k image from the sensor 30 times per second but to take a still image you do not need that. A optical senors capture light in small "buckets" that convert it to electrical charge that you need to count ie convert to a digitale values. This take time to converts. To do that faster require more complex electronics to be able to do that at the speed needed to capture a video. So to read out the image from the senor take time and for still images it might longer then time needed for video. There is also another limitation and that is the CPU and storage system of the camera. The need to be fast enough to handle the data from the senor. You need more performance t to capture video then still images at a lower rate so that can be the limiting factor.


Question: How do astronauts communicate with the planet Earth?

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 How do astronauts communicate with the planet Earth?

The main way is by radio, in the S-Band and the Ku-Band. These are bands of frequencies that can be used to communicate, the S Band is typically used for Radar and things, but also includes Wi-Fi and microwaves, and the Ku Band is used for satellites (like the ISS!). A few dozen ground stations around the earth can be used to communicate with the ISS. The internet can then be ran over this radio communication. But there is another way to communicate with the ISS - Amateur radio! Many Astronauts operate Amateur radios when they aren't working, like the weekends.


Question: why does good weather (sunny, warm) instantly seem to improve one’s mood?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 why does good weather (sunny, warm) instantly seem to improve one’s mood?

There are several biological functions that are aided with the addition of sunlight. Synthesis of vitamin D and several other things. Beyond this the immune system is getting a nice break due to decrease in viruses spreading. All of these have significant impacts on mood. I can gather appropriate articles to quote if you’d like. Hope this helps!


Question: Why is it common for video game controllers to use abxy buttons instead of abcd or 1234? What's the origin of abxy?

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 Why is it common for video game controllers to use abxy buttons instead of abcd or 1234? What's the origin of abxy?

"For the origins of the ABXY button scheme we must look back to the very beginning of additional buttons. When the Famicom (known as the Nintendo Entertainment System outside Japan) launched, it featured two primary buttons. While other companies labelled their (usually two) buttons with numbering such as 1 and 2 or I and II, Nintendo had instead used A and B. When the SNES was released in Japan in 1990 they added X and Y to the mix, and rotated it slightly. The format was now a diamond, with X, A, B, and Y all around, clockwise. This format became known as ABXY because of the obvious alphabetical order. But why X and Y? Why not C and D, the next most logical letters? The likely reason for this is future-proofing. Adding C and Z to the right of ABXY would not change the way games designed only for ABXY controlled, whereas if the controller had ABCD adding E and F and moving C up beside B would affect previous games, and having the buttons in ABECDF order would not make sense" - URL_0


Question: How does a compound bow work, particularly the function of the cams and the "let off"?

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[Your final detailed answer goes here]
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 How does a compound bow work, particularly the function of the cams and the "let off"?

Because a compound bow differs from a recurve bow in that it has shorter limbs (the part that extends past the grip), the power to drive the arrow forward into flight comes from a system of pulleys, or "cams" on the ends of the limbs. Essentially, a regular recurve bow works by putting force into the limbs by pulling back on a string. The force is transferred to the limbs so that they are drawn back, and when the string is released, the limbs snap forward, pulling the string and the arrow along with it. This produces the force that propels the arrow. Compound bows, on the other hand, instead of putting the force of the string at a perpendicular angle to the limbs, use their pulleys (cams) to essentially try to pull the limbs together instead of back during draw. There is the part of the string that the arrow rests on, but there is an additional length that is doing the actual "pulling", and it pulls straight up and down on the limbs, pulling them together. When the string is released, the limbs snap back both up and down, instead of forward, making it easier to control. This reduces the strain on the archer, and allows for higher accuracy in a more compact frame, since you're not fighting against the bow trying to fly forward out of your hand. this design comes with the trade-off of needing stronger materials to function properly, but that isn't much of an issue with modern materials. As for "let-off", the cams can be designed and positioned in such a way that the strain of holding the bow at full draw (all the way back) is reduced by a certain percentage, usually anywhere from 70-85%. If you look at a modern compound bow, the cams are not circular, but rather a strange ovoid shape; this is the design that allows for let-off. Let-off allows trophy hunters or casual archers to hold a drawn shot for longer while they sight the target or wait for their prey to come into range. If the let-off weren't there, you would have to hold a full 80 lbs or so of draw, which is difficult to do for any length of time; a let-off of 80 means that you're dropping 80% of full draw weight at the very end of your draw, so you only have to hold 20% of what you did to draw it back. An 80lb bow with a let-off of 80 only takes 16lbs to hold at full draw, which can be done relatively easily.


Question: Why is it damaging to battery life to charge up when it’s not completely run out?

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 Why is it damaging to battery life to charge up when it’s not completely run out?

In modern batteries, that's not true. Older batteries technologies had that "memory effect" that forced you to discharge it completely before recharging, or you'll lose capacity. The cause of this effect is related to the chemical processes that take place inside the battery when it discharging and recharging, and are quite complex to ELI5...


Question: Why are jellyfish kept in a tank without any plantation or soil at all? They are always kept in a totally empty tank.

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 Why are jellyfish kept in a tank without any plantation or soil at all? They are always kept in a totally empty tank.

They are very delicate and extremely hard to keep in tanks for that reason. They are mostly water with very thin membranes as their body structure. Any sharp object can rip them apart fairly easily. Of course, there are lots of larger jellies that have evolved to be more durable, or can grow big enough to withstand damage (like the Stygiomedusa gigantea, or the larger fried egg jellyfish specimens). But the vast majority are small and mostly helpless, except for their unique stinging cells, but that doesn't affect their ability to survive in a tank. In their natural environment, they usually just float freely with the currents in the open ocean, so there's nothing for them to bump up against (except predators). They aren't strong swimmers either, so they can get stranded or trapped easily if the current washes them onto the shore or pushes them into a confined area. In order to most closely replicate their natural environment, jellies need tanks with rounded edges to keep from getting stuck in corners, a gentle current to propel them around the tank, and a small amount of food suspended in the water. They have very specific requirements for temperature and water pH, but I don't know those details, you could probably find them on an aquarist website, though. No gravel since they could scrape against the grains and tear up their membranes. No plants since they could get stuck in the leaves. I don't think the jellyfish stings would be good for the plant either, but maybe it would be fine. Anyway, there ya go! If you want to know more just look up a jellyfish keeping guide & they'll have a lot more info. I also totally recommend looking up Stygiomedusa gigantea and fried egg jellyfish if you've never seen them before!


Question: Why is Golf the go to sports for rich and/or powerful people like Presidents, CEOs? What is special about it?

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 Why is Golf the go to sports for rich and/or powerful people like Presidents, CEOs? What is special about it?

It costs a lot of money to play, it's played in a space that is exclusive, which allows for privacy, and it is a slow paced game that allows for conversation and socializing. The slower pace also allows people to play into much older age than other sports. It's basically the perfect game for wealthy people who want to have something to do while having an informal conversation.


Question: Why is it that all our other muscles become stronger from tensing them for long periods of time but our bladder becomes weaker and causes incontinence if we hold our pee?

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 Why is it that all our other muscles become stronger from tensing them for long periods of time but our bladder becomes weaker and causes incontinence if we hold our pee?

If you'd only hold your hand in a certain position without moving it, even if the muscles are engaged, it would lead to atrophy. Because muscles aren't meant to stay engaged all the time. Also it isn't the bladder that is in charge of keeping urine in you, it is the sphincter muscle between it an urinary tract. All bladder does it push stuff out with sufficient pressure that it get through the tract. Bladder doesn't grow stronger with stress, it grows bigger. And here is the problem, since it can grow bigger but not really stronger. It can lead to situation where it isn't strong enough to push the urine out when peeing. Incontinence isn't just a problem where urine just floods out of you. It is a term for a set of complicated problems. Each of them having a specific cause. One of the causes can be the fact that you can't pee it all out when you do.


Question: Why isn’t Braille just raised letters? Wouldn’t it make more sense if it was?

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 Why isn’t Braille just raised letters? Wouldn’t it make more sense if it was?

Not for reading it quickly. It's designed so that each letter is distinctive by touch - Braille readers don't have to feel each letter individually, they can just run their fingers over a row and read it all at once. Another thing is, for someone who's born blind, they might never have learned what "normal" letters looked like - and would not need to. Also, Braille is easy and cheap to produce. You just have a grid of 3x3 or whatever punches, and for each letter, you only activate part of the needles - actually a lot easier to "type" than a regular typewriter where you need dozens of buttons and individual arms.


Question: How do google services like google maps, google translator, google photos, google classroom, gmail and others make money if there are no ads in them and they are 100% free?

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 How do google services like google maps, google translator, google photos, google classroom, gmail and others make money if there are no ads in them and they are 100% free?

there is a quote "if it's free, then you are the product". Nowadays, everything is linked, so they can provide you something free, then use the data you provide alongside the time you use it for other services. For e.g google photos is unlimited and free, and I bet they will use your photos for their AI learning, which they can then sell to other parties. The things you search in Google, they collect it and sell to manufacturers. Or, use it to run the ads of the products you are looking for etc.... Those people will pay Google to advertise for them, and with the data it knows exactly who it will run the ads...


Question: What is the constitution of antimatter and why is that antimatter gives off way more energy than normal matter?

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 What is the constitution of antimatter and why is that antimatter gives off way more energy than normal matter?

When it contacts matter both are annihilated, which releases a huge amount of energy. This is not specific to antimatter, but rather a property of both matter and antimatter. All by itself, antimatter behaves normally. It requires a tremendous amount of energy to produce and cannot be stored, making it difficult to study. You need to blast particles down to their subatomic bits and then let them reassemble, with a 50/50 shot of generating an antiparticle. Why the very early universe preferentially produced matter is a mystery.


Question: Why do humans find creative things more interesting than things in the real world?

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 Why do humans find creative things more interesting than things in the real world?

I think that humans find realistic representations of natural things interesting because of the amount of skill and attention to detail it takes to achieve high degrees of realism. To a monkey brain, a artistically talented individual is probably an excellent mate because they notice so much detail and they can communicate it so well. Observation and communication are keys to survival. There's probably something deep in the brain, some pathway, that rewards us for looking at these artistic creations. I am an artist who specializes in realistic dolls - model babies, if you will. I find my work in others fascinating to look at, but I know there are others that become uncomfortable but the realism. It's called The Uncanny Valley theory. I think that humans enjoy hyper-realistic art until it reaches the point where they can't discern art from reality easily and at that point the experience feels threatening/ too much like psychosis. I no expert, I just like to think about these things and I would love to hear from somebody who actually knows what they're talking about


Question: Why did Lehman Brothers go bankrupt?

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 Why did Lehman Brothers go bankrupt?

Lehman created and sold a lot of contracts based on pools of mortgages. The way these work is that you put together thousands of mortgages and then split them into tranches, with the top tranches getting paid first in the event of default on those mortgages. These contracts are, in general, a pretty standard thing - they are called collateralized debt obligations, and there are broadly good reasons why you may want the financial system to have them. However, the ones that Lehman made were particularly bad for two reasons: 1) the quality of the loans backing those contracts was very bad (you may have heard of subprime mortgages, given to people who essentially couldn’t afford them) 2) the people who were supposed to assess the quality of these CDOs (rating agencies) thought that they were really good. Explaining why is pretty complicated, there is no ELI5 way imho, but if you’re curious let me know and I’ll elaborate So to recap Lehman makes a ton of these contracts that are very high quality in theory but very toxic in practice. Now, as the housing downturn hits, they want to keep selling these, but people are getting squeamish with what they’re buying. So they will only buy the higher quality tranches of these obligations. Therefore, Lehman starts keeping the bottom tranches in their books. This is again, standard behavior for a bank: if you originate a crappy loan, part of what you get paid for as a bank is that if you cannot sell that loan, you will take the hit and keep it in your books. However, because rating agencies think these contracts are actually good, Lehman can keep a ton of them on their books. So by the time it’s about to go bankrupt, its capital has a ton of these toxic assets. As they stop paying, its capital gets eroded, Lehman runs out of money, and bankruptcy happens


Question: How is it possible that we don't have a system set up that allows voting electronically in 2020?

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 How is it possible that we don't have a system set up that allows voting electronically in 2020?

Security. Such a online ballot system would be an extremely valuable target to anyone seeking to manipulate an election. Without some system to assign every eligible voter some form of unique online authentication that can't be easily stolen (which would be massively opposed for political reasons), it would be extremely difficult to reliably prove that each person who submitted a ballot is actually the person the ballot was intended to be sent for. Many states use electronic voting machines for convenience, but for example, in my state, a printed ballot is printed as a paper backup, and that paper record is scanned and stored securely as another backup. If the voting machine totals differ from the electronic ballot storage totals, the paper ballots can be manually counted.


Question: In the video, why does the game call checkmate after those two moves?

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 In the video, why does the game call checkmate after those two moves?

Black queen D8 to H4 is a checkmate. The queen cannot be captured and there are no pieces that can move in between her and the white king who cannot move out of the way. This is called the fools mate or idiot mate, and is the fastest way black can win a game possible requiring only four moves, two per player.


Question: What is happening in a person's eyes when they are seeing "stars"?

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 What is happening in a person's eyes when they are seeing "stars"?

The "stars" or "flashes" you see are called phosphenes, which is basically a phenomenon that involves seeing light without any light hitting your eye. The most common phosphenes are pressure phosphenes. For example, when you see "stars" after rubbing your eyes it's due to these pressure phosphenes stimulating the cells of the retina. The optic nerve then translates these signals into flashes or various images. ELI5: when eyeball pressure changes, brain gets confused and shows what it thinks it sees


Question: why does toilet water lower when it's a windy day?

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 why does toilet water lower when it's a windy day?

There's a vent system connected to your plumbing. Its purpose is to keep air pressure neutral in your plumbing, so that the bad stuff can go down freely, and to make sure it doesn't come back up into your fixtures (toilets refilling with waste or fumes). However, if it's a windy day, you can have air pressure changing across the vent, which in turn can travel down the stack. The pressure 'behind' the water can rise or lower in response, alternatively pushing or pulling the water, with a change in the visible water level accordingly. Enough pull, and it may even drain some of the water from the basin into the plumbing. For further information, this is a consequence of [Bernoulli's principle]( URL_0 )