{
  "pharmacology": {
    "definition": "Pharmacology is the branch of medicine concerned with the uses, effects, and modes of action of drugs.",
    "branches": [
      "Pharmacokinetics",
      "Pharmacodynamics",
      "Toxicology",
      "Clinical Pharmacology"
    ],
    "importance": "Essential for understanding drug therapy and patient safety"
  },
  "pharmacokinetics": {
    "definition": "The study of how the body affects a drug (ADME: Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion)",
    "processes": [
      "Absorption",
      "Distribution",
      "Metabolism",
      "Excretion"
    ],
    "factors": [
      "Age",
      "Gender",
      "Disease state",
      "Genetic factors"
    ]
  },
  "pharmacodynamics": {
    "definition": "The study of what a drug does to the body - drug actions and effects",
    "concepts": [
      "Receptor theory",
      "Dose-response relationship",
      "Therapeutic index"
    ],
    "mechanisms": [
      "Agonism",
      "Antagonism",
      "Enzyme inhibition"
    ]
  },
  "krebs_cycle": {
    "definition": "A series of enzymatic reactions that generate energy (ATP) from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins",
    "location": "Mitochondrial matrix",
    "steps": 8,
    "importance": "Central metabolic pathway for energy production"
  },
  "drug_metabolism": {
    "definition": "The biochemical modification of drugs by living organisms",
    "phases": [
      "Phase I (oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis)",
      "Phase II (conjugation reactions)"
    ],
    "location": "Primarily liver, also kidneys, lungs, intestines",
    "enzymes": "Cytochrome P450 family"
  }
}