{"id": "H001", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/prehistory", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Ubaid-period settlement", "content": "Qatar has evidence of sustained settlement from the sixth millennium BCE. Decorated Ubaid pottery connects early communities on the peninsula with southern Mesopotamia, in present-day Iraq.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "6th millennium BCE", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-001"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/about-qatar/history"], "notes": "An archaeological date range is not a founding date for the modern state.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H002", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/early_islamic", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Murwab and early Abbasid trade", "content": "Murwab preserves an early Islamic settlement in Qatar. Qatar Museums dates its fort to the eighth century and describes evidence of international trade during the early Abbasid period.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "8th–9th centuries CE", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-002"], "source_urls": ["https://qm.org.qa/en/visit/heritage-sites/murwab-archaeological-site/"], "notes": "Dates can refer to different structures or occupation phases; avoid treating the whole site as a single-year construction.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H003", "collection": "history", "topic": "heritage/archaeology", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Jassasiya rock carvings", "content": "Al Jassasiya contains hundreds of carvings, including cup marks, boats, animals and other symbols. Their dating is unsettled: Qatar Museums reports newer evidence favoring creation within the last roughly 250 years over earlier Neolithic suggestions.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-003"], "source_urls": ["https://qm.org.qa/en/visit/heritage-sites/al-jassasiya-rock-art-site/"], "notes": "Do not confidently label all carvings prehistoric. Current visiting access is a separate, changeable fact.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H004", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/pearling_and_trade", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Zubarah as a trading town", "content": "Al Zubarah prospered as a fortified pearling and trading town in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Its commercial connections extended across the Indian Ocean, Arabia and western Asia; much of the settlement was destroyed in 1811.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "late 18th–early 19th centuries", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-004"], "source_urls": ["https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1402/"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H005", "collection": "history", "topic": "heritage/world_heritage", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Zubarah UNESCO inscription", "content": "UNESCO inscribed Al Zubarah Archaeological Site on the World Heritage List in 2013. The protected property includes the historic settlement and associated archaeological landscape, rather than only its familiar later fort.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2013", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-004"], "source_urls": ["https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1402/"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H006", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/pearling_and_trade", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The economy before hydrocarbons", "content": "Pearl fishing was central to livelihoods in Qatar before large-scale oil and gas exploitation. Maritime trade and pearling therefore belong in explanations of Qatar’s history before petroleum wealth.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "before mid-20th century", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-005"], "source_urls": ["https://qdl.qa/en/historical-profile-qatar"], "notes": "Central does not mean exclusive: do not erase fishing, pastoral life or other activities.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H007", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/pearling_and_trade", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Pearl-market decline and wartime disruption", "content": "A decline in natural-pearl markets weakened Qatar’s economy before oil exports transformed it. World War II interrupted early petroleum exploration, delaying the benefits of the new industry.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1930s–1940s", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-001"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/about-qatar/history"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H008", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/state_formation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 1868 British agreement", "content": "Sheikh Mohammed bin Thani concluded an agreement with British authorities in 1868. It established formal political relations and is an important milestone in Qatar’s emergence as a distinct political entity.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1868", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-006", "SRC-007"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qdl.qa/node/9705", "https://qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023626988.0x000002"], "notes": "Prefer the archival treaty preamble and focused study for the signatory; some summary pages incorrectly name Jassim.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H009", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/ottoman_period", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Ottoman influence in nineteenth-century Qatar", "content": "Qatar came under Ottoman influence in the later nineteenth century. Sheikh Jassim maintained relations with the Ottoman state despite disputes; those ties continued into the early twentieth century.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "late 19th–early 20th centuries", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-008"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/en/About-Qatar/History-of-Qatar"], "notes": "Ottoman relations, British agreements and local autonomy overlapped; avoid reducing this period to one uncomplicated status label.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H010", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/state_formation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "What 18 December 1878 signifies", "content": "Qatar’s National Day commemorates Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed bin Thani’s assumption of power on 18 December 1878 and his role as the state’s founder.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1878-12-18", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-016"], "source_urls": ["https://www.almeezan.qa/LawView.aspx?LawID=2479&language=en&opt="], "notes": "This anniversary differs from independence from Britain on 3 September 1971.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H011", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/al_wajbah", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Battle of Al Wajbah", "content": "In 1893, forces led by Sheikh Jassim defeated Ottoman troops at Al Wajbah. The confrontation grew out of tensions over Ottoman administrative demands and the detention of Sheikh Ahmed and other Qataris.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1893", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-009"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatar.qa/en/the-founder/alwajba-battle/"], "notes": "Use the year unless independently resolving conflicting day-level dates in official and archival accounts. The battle was not Qatar’s 1971 independence.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H012", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/british_protection", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Anglo-Qatari Treaty of 1916", "content": "The Anglo-Qatari treaty was signed on 3 November 1916 and ratified in March 1918. It provided British protection while restricting Qatar’s independent foreign relations; Sheikh Abdullah negotiated the suspension of several intrusive provisions.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1916-11-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-006", "SRC-007"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qdl.qa/node/9705", "https://qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023626988.0x000002"], "notes": "Describe the protection arrangement precisely; do not treat Qatar as an ordinary directly administered British colony.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H013", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/oil", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Dukhan drilling and the first oil exports", "content": "Drilling of Dukhan 1 began in 1939. Qatar exported its first crude shipment in December 1949 through Mesaieed, establishing a useful distinction between exploration, discovery and commercial exports.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1939–1949", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-010", "SRC-011"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/whoweare/Pages/OurHistory.aspx/1000", "https://gis.psa.gov.qa/QatarAtlas/History"], "notes": "Official summaries vary between 1939 and 1940 for discovery. These records deliberately avoid collapsing drilling and discovery into one date.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H014", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/institutional_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The first Cabinet meeting", "content": "Qatar’s first Cabinet, comprising ten ministerial portfolios, met on 3 June 1970, before the country’s declaration of independence.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1970-06-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-008"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/en/About-Qatar/History-of-Qatar"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H015", "collection": "history", "topic": "history/independence", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Independence in 1971", "content": "Qatar declared independence on 3 September 1971 as its 1916 treaty relationship with Britain ended. Sheikh Ahmad bin Ali was ruler; Sheikh Khalifa bin Hamad was then Heir Apparent and Prime Minister.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1971-09-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-008"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/en/About-Qatar/History-of-Qatar"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H016", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/international_membership", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Joining the United Nations", "content": "Qatar became a United Nations member on 21 September 1971, shortly after independence.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1971-09-21", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-012"], "source_urls": ["https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H017", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/gcc", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar as a GCC founder", "content": "Qatar was one of the six founding states of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The GCC Charter was signed in Abu Dhabi on 25 May 1981.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1981-05-25", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-013"], "source_urls": ["https://www.gcc-sg.org/en/AboutUs/Pages/default.aspx"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H018", "collection": "history", "topic": "politics/succession", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Sheikh Hamad’s accession and reign", "content": "Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani took power in 1995 in a bloodless palace coup against his father. His reign lasted until 2013, when he transferred power to Sheikh Tamim.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1995–2013", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-014"], "source_urls": ["https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/former-emir-qatar-sheikh-hamad-bin-khalifa-al-thani-dies-74-2026-07-12/"], "notes": "This wording reflects independent reporting; an accession chronology alone can omit the political circumstances.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H019", "collection": "history", "topic": "politics/succession", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Sheikh Tamim’s accession", "content": "Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani became Amir on 25 June 2013 after Sheikh Hamad announced his decision to hand over power to him.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2013-06-25", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-015"], "source_urls": ["https://www.diwan.gov.qa/hh-the-amir/biography?sc_lang=en"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H020", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/national_days", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "National Day’s legal designation", "content": "Law No. 11 of 2007 designated 18 December as Qatar’s National Day and an official holiday. It commemorates the founder’s accession, rather than the September independence anniversary.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2007-06-21", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-016"], "source_urls": ["https://www.almeezan.qa/LawView.aspx?LawID=2479&language=en&opt="], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H021", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/constitution_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2003 constitutional referendum", "content": "The referendum on Qatar’s draft Permanent Constitution took place on 29 April 2003. The Amiri Diwan reports approval by 96.6 percent of votes.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2003-04-29", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-017"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/about-qatar/constitution?sc_lang=en"], "notes": "Attribute reported referendum percentages to the official source; do not confuse this referendum with the 2024 amendment vote.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H022", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/constitution_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Issuance and commencement of the Constitution", "content": "The Permanent Constitution was issued on 8 June 2004. Al Meezan records publication in the Official Gazette on 8 June 2005 and the starting date of Article 8 as 9 June 2005.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2004–2005", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-017", "SRC-018"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/about-qatar/constitution?sc_lang=en", "https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25761&LawID=2284&language=en"], "notes": "Issuance, publication and legal commencement are distinct dates.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H023", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/current_officeholders", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Current Amir snapshot", "content": "Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani is identified as Qatar’s Amir in the Amiri Diwan’s 4 November 2026 announcement.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": "2026-11-04", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-019"], "source_urls": ["https://www.diwan.gov.qa/en/briefing-room/news/general/ao/2026/november/4/hh-the-amir-calls-for-istisqa-prayer-tomorrow"], "notes": "Current-office answer verified close to the snapshot date; refresh rather than treating the officeholder as timeless.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H024", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/current_officeholders", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Current Prime Minister and Foreign Minister snapshot", "content": "A Foreign Ministry release dated 5 November 2026 identifies Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani as Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": "2026-11-05", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-020"], "source_urls": ["https://mofa.gov.qa/en/qatar/latest-articles/latest-news/details/2026/11/05/prime-minister-and-minister-of-foreign-affairs--uae-foreign-minister-hold-phone-call"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H025", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/constitutional_structure", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Hereditary rule", "content": "Article 8 of the Constitution establishes hereditary rule within the Al Thani family and the specified male line. Succession depends on designation of the heir under the constitutional rules, rather than a general public election.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-018"], "source_urls": ["https://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25761&LawID=2284&language=en"], "notes": "This describes the formal constitutional structure.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H026", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/constitutional_structure", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Religion and official language", "content": "The amended Article 1 identifies Arabic as Qatar’s official language, Islam as its religion, and Islamic sharia as a main source of legislation.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": "2024", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-021"], "source_urls": ["https://www.cm.gov.qa/en/Pages/Constitutional-Amendments.aspx"], "notes": "A main source is not the same statement as the only source.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H027", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/institutions", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Amir, Cabinet and Shura Council", "content": "Qatar’s constitutional structure assigns executive authority to the Amir with assistance from the Council of Ministers, legislative authority to the Shura Council, and judicial authority to courts. The Amir is head of state and commander-in-chief.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-022"], "source_urls": ["https://www.diwan.gov.qa/en/about-qatar/system-of-government"], "notes": "Describe formal allocations of power separately from judgments about their operation in practice.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H028", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/judiciary", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Constitutional position of the judiciary", "content": "The Constitution places judicial authority in the courts and provides for judicial independence. The Supreme Judicial Council oversees the courts’ proper functioning and the protection of that independence.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-023"], "source_urls": ["https://www.sjc.gov.qa/en/pages/aboutus.aspx"], "notes": "This is a description of constitutional provisions, not an empirical rating of judicial independence.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H029", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/shura_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Establishment of the Shura Council", "content": "The Shura Council was established in 1972 with twenty appointed members. Its size and method of composition changed repeatedly over subsequent decades.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1972", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-024"], "source_urls": ["https://www.shura.qa/en/Pages/About-Council/History"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H030", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/shura_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The first Shura elections in 2021", "content": "The first Shura Council election in 2021 filled thirty seats. The Amir appointed fifteen additional members, producing a forty-five-member council.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2021", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-024"], "source_urls": ["https://www.shura.qa/en/Pages/About-Council/History"], "notes": "Historical composition; see the separate current appointment rule.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H031", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/constitution_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2024 constitutional referendum", "content": "The constitutional-amendment referendum occurred on 5 November 2024. The official result reported 90.6 percent approval among valid votes, and the Amir ratified the amendments on 6 November.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2024-11-05/2024-11-06", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-017"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/about-qatar/constitution?sc_lang=en"], "notes": "This percentage comes from the official published result.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H032", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/current_shura", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Appointment under amended Article 77", "content": "Amended Article 77 provides for a Shura Council of at least forty-five members appointed by Amiri order. The 2024 changes also removed the Constitution’s electoral-system provisions.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": "2024", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-021"], "source_urls": ["https://www.cm.gov.qa/en/Pages/Constitutional-Amendments.aspx"], "notes": "Prefer enacted amendments and consolidated Arabic legal text over older English summaries.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H033", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/shura_history", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2025 appointed Council", "content": "The Shura Council’s official history records forty-nine appointments under Amiri Decree No. 42 of 2025. Its first plenary session in the new term was held on 21 October 2025.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2025-10-21", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-024"], "source_urls": ["https://www.shura.qa/en/Pages/About-Council/History"], "notes": "Reported membership differs from the constitutional minimum.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H034", "collection": "history", "topic": "government/current_shura", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Shura Council functions", "content": "The Shura Council’s stated functions include legislation, approval of the state budget and oversight of the executive. Its ordinary legislative term is four calendar years.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-024"], "source_urls": ["https://www.shura.qa/en/Pages/About-Council/History"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "H035", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/gulf_war", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar and the 1991 Battle of Khafji", "content": "Qatari tank units participated alongside Saudi forces in the battle to retake Khafji from Iraqi troops during the 1991 Gulf War. U.S. Marine Corps histories document the Qatari contribution.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1991", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-025", "SRC-049"], "source_urls": ["https://www.marines.mil/Portals/1/Publications/U.S.%20Marines%20in%20Battle%20Al-Khafji%20%20PCN%20106000400_1.pdf", "https://www.usmcu.edu/Portals/218/Liberating%20Kuwait.pdf?vZHEeHTNF=V1b7C"], "notes": "Khafji is in Saudi Arabia. Participation in that battle should not be described as an Iraqi occupation of Qatar.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H036", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/libya", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s air role in Libya in 2011", "content": "Qatar’s first operational sortie in the Libya no-fly-zone campaign took place on 25 March 2011. U.S. Africa Command reported a Qatari Mirage flying with French aircraft and a deployment of six Mirages and two C-17 transports.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2011-03-25", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-026"], "source_urls": ["https://www.africom.mil/article/8129/new-coalition-member-flies-1st-sortie-enforcing-no"], "notes": "This record concerns a specific air operation and does not summarize every aspect of Qatar’s Libya involvement.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H037", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/yemen", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s participation in the Yemen intervention", "content": "A September 2015 Foreign Ministry statement confirmed Qatar’s participation in military operations in Yemen. Qatar’s ambassador described the stated objective as restoring stability and the recognized government’s authority.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2015-09-13", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-027"], "source_urls": ["https://mofa.gov.qa/en/all-mofa-news2/details/2015/09/13/qatar%27s-participation-in-military-operation-in-yemen-aims-to-restore-stability-and-legitimacy-says-ambassador"], "notes": "The purpose is attributed to Qatar’s stated position; it is not an independent assessment of the intervention’s effects.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H038", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/yemen", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s coalition participation ended in 2017", "content": "The Saudi-led coalition announced on 5 June 2017 that it was ending Qatar’s participation in its Yemen operation.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2017-06-05", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-028"], "source_urls": ["https://www.spa.gov.sa/1637301"], "notes": "The announcement’s accusations are the coalition’s claims, not adjudicated facts. Do not describe Qatar as continuously serving in that coalition after this date.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H039", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/gulf_diplomatic_crisis", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2017 diplomatic and economic rift", "content": "On 5 June 2017, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain and Egypt severed ties with Qatar. The ensuing crisis involved restrictions on transport, trade and movement, with consequences for families and residents across borders.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2017-06-05", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-029"], "source_urls": ["https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3932260/files/A_HRC_48_59_Add.1-EN.pdf"], "notes": "Keep participants’ allegations attributed and distinguish the diplomatic-economic crisis from a declared interstate war.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H040", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/gulf_reconciliation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Al-Ula settlement in 2021", "content": "The Al-Ula Declaration was concluded on 5 January 2021. A UN Special Rapporteur’s report connected it with the declared restoration of relations and lifting of restrictions imposed on Qatar since 2017.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2021-01-05", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-029", "SRC-030"], "source_urls": ["https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3932260/files/A_HRC_48_59_Add.1-EN.pdf", "https://treaties.un.org/Pages/showDetails.aspx?objid=08000002805b2870"], "notes": "The declaration and later bilateral implementation are separate steps; do not assume all practical issues ended simultaneously.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H041", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/borders", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2001 Qatar–Bahrain judgment", "content": "On 16 March 2001, the International Court of Justice confirmed Qatar’s sovereignty over Zubarah and Janan, and placed Fasht ad Dibal under Qatar. It confirmed Bahrain’s sovereignty over the Hawar Islands and Qit’at Jaradah, and drew a maritime boundary.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2001-03-16", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-031"], "source_urls": ["https://icj-web.leman.un-icc.cloud/case/87"], "notes": "The case’s historical pleadings are not the judgment. Avoid assigning every disputed island to one country.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H042", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/mediation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The 2008 Doha Agreement on Lebanon", "content": "Lebanese political leaders reached an agreement in Doha on 21 May 2008, welcomed that day by the UN Secretary-General. This Doha Agreement concerns Lebanon’s political crisis.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2008-05-21", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-032"], "source_urls": ["https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/former-secretary-general/statements/2008-05-21/statement-attributable-the-spokesperson-for-the-secretary-general-lebanon"], "notes": "Disambiguate it from later Doha agreements concerning Darfur or Afghanistan.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H043", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/mediation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Doha Document for Peace in Darfur", "content": "The Darfur peace document was finalized at a Doha stakeholders conference in May 2011. Sudan’s government and the Liberation and Justice Movement signed a commitment protocol on 14 July 2011.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2011-05/2011-07-14", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-033"], "source_urls": ["https://unamid.unmissions.org/en/node/26782"], "notes": "An agreement’s adoption does not establish that every armed group signed or that the conflict permanently ended.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H044", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/mediation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The U.S.–Taliban agreement signed in Doha", "content": "Representatives of the United States and the Taliban signed their Afghanistan agreement in Doha on 29 February 2020, following negotiations hosted by Qatar.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2020-02-29", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-034", "SRC-035"], "source_urls": ["https://2017-2021.state.gov/agreement-for-bringing-peace-to-afghanistan/", "https://mofa.gov.qa/en/qatar/latest-articles/latest-news/details/2020/02/29/agreement-for-bringing-peace-to-afghanistan-signed-under-auspices-of-the-state-of-qatar"], "notes": "Identify the actual signatories; this was not simply a treaty between Qatar and Afghanistan, nor proof of a permanent peace.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H045", "collection": "history", "topic": "diplomacy/gaza_mediation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The November 2023 humanitarian-pause agreement", "content": "On 22 November 2023, Qatar announced that joint mediation with Egypt and the United States had produced an Israel–Hamas humanitarian-pause agreement, including releases of hostages and Palestinian detainees and increased humanitarian access.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2023-11-22", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-036"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news-bulletins-details?date=22%2F11%2F2023&id=0002-The-State-of-Qatar-Announces-Humanitarian-Pause-in-Gaza"], "notes": "This is a dated announcement; it must not be used as evidence of the current status of a ceasefire.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H046", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/attacks_on_qatar", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The June 2025 attack on Al Udeid", "content": "Qatar reported an Iranian missile attack targeting Al Udeid Air Base on 23 June 2025 and protested it in a letter to the United Nations the following day.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2025-06-23", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-037", "SRC-048"], "source_urls": ["https://mofa.gov.qa/en/qatar/latest-articles/latest-news/details/2025/06/24/state-of-qatar-sends-letter-to-un-secretary-general--security-council-regarding-attack-on-al-udeid-air-base-by-iranian-revolutionary-guard", "https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=23%2F06%2F2025&id=ministry-of-defense-qatari-air-defenses-successfully-intercept-missile-attack-targeting-al-udeid-air-base"], "notes": "This record deliberately avoids turning initial interception or casualty statements into a comprehensive damage assessment.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H047", "collection": "history", "topic": "conflicts/attacks_on_qatar", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The September 2025 strike in Doha", "content": "An Israeli strike took place in Doha on 9 September 2025. On 11 September, UN Security Council members condemned the strikes and affirmed Qatar’s sovereignty and territorial integrity.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2025-09-09/2025-09-11", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-038"], "source_urls": ["https://www.un.org/unispal/document/security-council-press-statement-11sep25/"], "notes": "A dated event record does not imply current fighting, present travel conditions or a final casualty count.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H048", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/intangible_heritage", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The majlis", "content": "The majlis is a social and cultural gathering space associated with discussion and hospitality. Qatar joined Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates in its 2015 UNESCO intangible-heritage inscription.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2015", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-039", "SRC-041"], "source_urls": ["https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/majlis-a-cultural-and-social-space-01076?RL=01076", "https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/qatar-QA"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H049", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/intangible_heritage", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Arabic coffee and UNESCO dates", "content": "Arabic coffee is part of a multinational UNESCO intangible-heritage inscription involving Qatar. The original inscription dates to 2015; an extended inscription in 2024 incorporates and replaces that earlier entry.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2015/2024", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-040", "SRC-050"], "source_urls": ["https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/arabic-coffee-a-symbol-of-generosity-02111", "https://f5vip11.unesco.org/en/decisions/19.COM/7.B.55"], "notes": "A country listing may display the latest extension year, not the tradition’s first inscription year.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H050", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/intangible_heritage", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Falconry as shared heritage", "content": "UNESCO’s Qatar country profile includes falconry under the multinational living-human-heritage inscription, displaying the 2021 inscription version.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2021", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-041"], "source_urls": ["https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/qatar-QA"], "notes": "Shared heritage should not be presented as uniquely Qatari or as originating in the inscription year.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H051", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/intangible_heritage", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Sadu’s 2025 extension to Qatar", "content": "In 2025, UNESCO extended the Traditional weaving of Al Sadu inscription to include Qatar alongside Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. The craft uses ground looms and has traditionally been sustained by Bedouin women.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2025", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-042"], "source_urls": ["https://ich.unesco.org/en/decisions/20.COM/7.B.54"], "notes": "The original 2020 inscription covered Saudi Arabia and Kuwait; Qatar joined through the extension.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H052", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/ramadan", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Garangao", "content": "Garangao is a family tradition observed around the middle of Ramadan in Qatar. Old Doha Port identifies the fourteenth night as the occasion for its Garangao celebrations.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-043"], "source_urls": ["https://www.odp.qa/news/old-doha-port-launches-its-latest-ramadan-campaign-under-slogan-%E2%80%9Cexperience-ramadan-port%E2%80%9D"], "notes": "Specific event dates and programs need annual verification; the lunar-calendar occasion does not have a fixed Gregorian date.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H053", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/museums", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Museum of Islamic Art", "content": "Doha’s Museum of Islamic Art opened in 2008. Its I. M. Pei-designed building stands on the waterfront, while its collections cover Islamic cultures well beyond Qatar.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2008", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-044"], "source_urls": ["https://mia.org.qa/en/about-us/"], "notes": "A Qatar-based collection is not the same thing as a collection exclusively about Qatar.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H054", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/museums", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The National Museum of Qatar building", "content": "The present National Museum of Qatar opened in March 2019. Jean Nouvel’s design draws on desert-rose crystal formations and surrounds the restored palace of Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2019-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-045", "SRC-046"], "source_urls": ["https://nmoq.org.qa/en/about-us/architecture/", "https://qm.org.qa/en/press/press-releases/-national-museum-of-qatar-marks-50-years/"], "notes": "The 2019 building is distinct from the earlier national museum established in the old palace.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "H055", "collection": "history", "topic": "culture/national_symbols", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s flag", "content": "Qatar’s national flag combines maroon and white, separated by a serrated boundary with nine white points on the hoist side.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-047"], "source_urls": ["https://www.gco.gov.qa/en/state-of-qatar/facts-about-qatar/"], "notes": "", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-001", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "geography.administration", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s eight municipalities", "content": "Qatar’s municipal planning framework lists Doha, Al Rayyan, Al Wakrah, Al Khor and Al Dhakhira, Al Shamal, Al Daayen, Umm Salal and Al Shahaniya.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-051"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mm.gov.qa/QatarMasterPlan/English/MSDP-Municipalities.aspx?panel=about"], "notes": "Administrative structure should be rechecked after municipal legislation changes.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-002", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "geography.aliases", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Municipality names in Arabic", "content": "The Arabic municipality names are الدوحة، الريان، الوكرة، الخور والذخيرة، الشمال، الظعاين، أم صلال، الشحانية. English spellings vary, including Al Wakra/Al Wakrah and Umm Slal/Umm Salal.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-052", "SRC-051"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mm.gov.qa/QatarMasterPlan/Arabic/MSDP-municipalities.aspx?panel=about", "https://www.mm.gov.qa/QatarMasterPlan/English/MSDP-Municipalities.aspx?panel=about"], "notes": "Use these as search aliases, not separate municipalities.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-003", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "geography.neighborhoods", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The Pearl’s visitor districts", "content": "The Pearl is an artificial island development. Qanat Quartier is associated with canals and bridges, Porto Arabia with its marina, and Medina Centrale with plazas, shops and restaurants.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-053"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/romantic-getaway/places/the-pearl"], "notes": "These are featured visitor districts, not an exhaustive list of every precinct.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-004", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "geography.neighborhoods", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Places within Msheireb Downtown Doha", "content": "Msheireb Downtown Doha includes Barahat Msheireb, Al Kahraba Street, Sikkat Wadi Msheireb, Msheireb Museums, M7, Doha Design District and Msheireb Galleria.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-054"], "source_urls": ["https://www.msheireb.com/faqs/"], "notes": "Use individual venue records for admissions, hours and accessibility.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-005", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.local_tram", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Msheireb’s free local tram", "content": "The district operator says the Msheireb Tram is free for visitors and circulates within Msheireb Downtown Doha.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-054"], "source_urls": ["https://www.msheireb.com/faqs/"], "notes": "Check operator announcements for operating hours or interruptions; do not confuse this service with Lusail Tram.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-006", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "local_discovery.markets", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Souq Waqif’s shopping character", "content": "Souq Waqif includes shops for spices, handicrafts, perfumes, fabrics and regional musical instruments, alongside its dining venues.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-055"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/get-inspired/shopping-like-a-local"], "notes": "A category description, not a guarantee of stock at an individual shop.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-007", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "local_discovery.markets", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Souq Al Dira for textiles", "content": "Souq Al Dira, also written Souq Al Deira, is a fabric and textile market next to Souq Waqif with tailoring services.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-055"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/get-inspired/shopping-like-a-local"], "notes": "Confirm a tailor’s own turnaround and quoted price; guide estimates are not promises.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-008", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "local_discovery.markets", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Souq Al Wakrah by the sea", "content": "Souq Al Wakra is a seaside souq with traditional and contemporary shopping near the beach.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-055"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/get-inspired/shopping-like-a-local"], "notes": "Al Wakra and Al Wakrah are spelling variants; do not merge it with Doha’s Souq Waqif.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-009", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "nature.coastal_ecosystems", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Thakira mangroves", "content": "Al Thakira, also written Al Dhakira or Al Thakhira, is a mangrove area near Al Khor. Grey mangroves support birds and marine life; guided kayaking is a visitor activity.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-056"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/adventure-sports/the-water/al-thakira-mangroves"], "notes": "Check tides, access restrictions and current operator availability before planning a trip. The listing does not authorize fishing or driving within protected habitat.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-010", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.metro", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Doha Metro lines and interchange", "content": "Doha Metro has Red, Green and Gold lines. All three connect at Msheireb; Al Bidda connects the Red and Green lines.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-057"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/plan-your-trip/getting-around/doha-metro"], "notes": "Check the operator’s current map for station renamings and service changes.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-011", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.metro", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Airport metro connection", "content": "The Red Line includes a branch serving Hamad International Airport Terminal 1.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-057"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/plan-your-trip/getting-around/doha-metro"], "notes": "Check the train’s destination and the operating timetable for the journey date.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-012", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.metro", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Metro travel-card use", "content": "Doha Metro travel cards are tapped at entry and exit; tickets can be obtained at station vending machines.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-057"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/plan-your-trip/getting-around/doha-metro"], "notes": "This does not specify every accepted payment method or current fares.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-013", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.metro", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Metrolink feeder buses", "content": "Metrolink is a free feeder-bus option for reaching Doha Metro stations.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-057"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/plan-your-trip/getting-around/doha-metro"], "notes": "Verify route, boarding token or card requirements, and hours with Mowasalat before travel.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-014", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.buses", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Where to verify changing bus routes", "content": "Mowasalat publishes bus-route and trip-planning links. Its passenger notices direct users to Karwa Journey Planner for updated routes and service changes.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-058", "SRC-059"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mowasalat.com/mowasalat/public-transportation/", "https://www.mowasalat.com/attention-passengers/"], "notes": "Do not convert a historical service-change announcement into a promise that the route is unchanged today.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-015", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "transport.integrated_planning", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Sila’s multimodal purpose", "content": "In June 2022, the Ministry of Transport introduced the Sila app and website as a transport-information platform spanning metro, bus, tram and taxi services, with journey planning.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2022-06-21", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-060"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mot.gov.qa/en/news/qatars-integrated-public-transport-network-unveils-first-brand-campaign"], "notes": "Dated launch fact. Current app features and availability require a fresh check.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-016", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.visas", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Hayya as a visitor-visa route", "content": "The Ministry of Interior identifies Hayya as a platform for visitor visas, including tourist and GCC-resident routes. Hayya’s journey asks nationality and arrival mode to guide applicants.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-061", "SRC-062"], "source_urls": ["https://portal.moi.gov.qa/qatarvisas/", "https://hayya.qa/en/faq"], "notes": "Eligibility, documents, insurance, fees and validity depend on the specific visitor and route. Verify through MOI/Hayya before giving individual instructions.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-017", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.healthcare", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "What a Qatar health card covers", "content": "Qatar’s citizens and residents can apply for a health card for PHCC and Hamad Medical Corporation services. A valid card provides subsidized access; it does not mean every treatment is free.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-063"], "source_urls": ["https://www.phcc.gov.qa/patients-clients/health-card"], "notes": "Use PHCC’s current category-specific instructions for documents and fees.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-018", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.healthcare", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Nar’aakom and Tawtheeq", "content": "PHCC’s Nar’aakom app offers a new-health-card request service for applicants and dependants. Access uses Qatar’s National Authentication System, Tawtheeq.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-064"], "source_urls": ["https://www.phcc.gov.qa/patients-clients/eservice-guestpage/register-new-health-card"], "notes": "Do not collect QID scans or account passwords in the chatbot; direct applicants to the official service.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-019", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.emergencies", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar’s emergency number", "content": "Call 999 in Qatar for police, civil-defense/fire or ambulance emergencies.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-065"], "source_urls": ["https://portal.moi.gov.qa/wps/portal/MOIInternet/departmentcommittees/centraloperations/!ut/p/z0/fY7BCsIwEES_pqCHsrFKIcdSRLFgBAVrLhLTRaLNpk2D-vnGInjzNm9mGAYk1CBJPcxVBeNItZFPMj9vOStmXLBKlHwZZVEdxHqXlSKHPWxA_q_EDXPre1mA1I4CvgLUT21bc0lNRE8YUqSEDSptsFM-WKSgnbUmBMSE0ffMx1LU6Jh6nJDW04SNoFrXoR9bw28hhtk85wvo7qvjGy8yY5I!/"], "notes": "Give this immediately for an imminent emergency; it is not the routine customer-service number.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-020", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.utilities", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "KAHRAMAA move-in service", "content": "KAHRAMAA provides an online move-in form for electricity and water customers, with fields for the premises, identity, tenancy and supporting documents.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-066"], "source_urls": ["https://www.km.com.qa/CustomerService/Pages/MoveToNewPremises.aspx"], "notes": "Use the current official workflow; registration paths and documentation may vary for tenants, owners and organisations.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-021", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "education.public_library", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar National Library membership", "content": "Qatar National Library offers free membership to eligible people providing a Qatar ID or residence permit. Membership supports borrowing and remote access to electronic resources.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-067"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qnl.qa/en/policies/membership-and-circulation"], "notes": "Publisher terms also govern electronic resources; a personal library membership is not a bulk-content license.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-022", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.digital", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Upgraded Metrash launch", "content": "On 17 December 2024, the Ministry of Interior announced an upgraded Metrash app, with authorization features, procedure tracking and additional payment options including Apple Pay.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2024-12-17", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-068"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=17/12/2024&id=ministry-of-interior-unveils-new-metrash-app"], "notes": "Dated announcement. Do not confuse the current name with older Metrash2 tutorials or infer a retirement date from this article alone.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-023", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "public_services.digital", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "New Hukoomi edition in 2026", "content": "MCIT launched a new Hukoomi edition on 16 June 2026. The announcement describes government services organised around life moments and unified digital access.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2026-06-16", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-069"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=16/06/2026&id=new-and-enhanced-hukoomi-platform-launched"], "notes": "Dated launch fact; verify a service’s live workflow instead of reproducing old screenshots.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-024", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.drinks", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Karak in Qatari food culture", "content": "Karak is a milk tea usually made with black tea, sugar and cardamom, sometimes with other spices. It has South Asian origins and became embedded in Qatar’s everyday hospitality and social life.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-070"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/get-inspired/karak-tea"], "notes": "Recipes vary. Cultural adoption does not establish that the drink originated in Qatar.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-025", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Tea Time — multiple listed areas", "content": "Visit Qatar lists Tea Time as a Qatar-born chain serving karak and snacks, with listed locations including Box Park, Lusail Marina and Souq Waqif.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-071"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/dining/restaurants/tea-time"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-026", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Chapati & Karak — Katara", "content": "Visit Qatar lists Chapati & Karak in Katara Cultural Village, serving karak and filled chapati.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-072"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/dining/popular-restaurants-in-doha"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-027", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Shay Al Shamoos — Souq Waqif", "content": "Visit Qatar lists Shay Al Shamoos on Al Jasra Street in Souq Waqif, with home-style Qatari food, regag bread and karak.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-072"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/dining/popular-restaurants-in-doha"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-028", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Ali Al Naama Café — Souq Waqif", "content": "A Qatar Tourism World Cup-era guide lists Ali Al Naama Café in Souq Waqif and mentions karak with egg-and-cheese paratha.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_listing", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-073"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatartourism.com/en/news-and-media/press-releases/ten-budget-friendly-bites-under-usd10-in-qatar"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business. The underlying guide is historical; its old prices are deliberately excluded.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-029", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Karak Mqanes — Old Doha Port", "content": "Old Doha Port’s own directory lists Karak Mqanes as an outlet offering karak and chapati at the port.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-074"], "source_urls": ["https://odp.qa/lifestyles/karak-mqanes"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-030", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.karak_places", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Poori & Karak — Hotel Park", "content": "Hotel Park Doha’s directory lists Poori & Karak, with karak tea and Indian-influenced bread and snack dishes.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-075"], "source_urls": ["https://hotelparkdoha.com/service/poori-karak/"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business. The park’s general contact or opening hours must not be assumed to be the outlet’s own.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-031", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.local_cafes", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Halul Café — Corniche", "content": "Visit Qatar lists Halul Café on Al Corniche Street and describes it as the Fishermen’s Café, with tea, coffee and simple meals.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-072"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/things-to-do/dining/popular-restaurants-in-doha"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business. A specific karak item was not confirmed by this source.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-032", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.local_cafes", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Arsan Café — Al Ruwais heritage building", "content": "Qatar Museums identifies Arsan Café as the reuse of Al Ruwais Heritage Police Station, a former harbour-security and customs building.", "record_kind": "place_listing", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-076"], "source_urls": ["https://qm.org.qa/en/visit/heritage-sites/reimagining-heritage/"], "notes": "Guide-listed candidate; quality ranking is subjective. Current opening status, menu, prices and hours were not independently confirmed with the business. This supports a café discovery lead, not a claim about a karak menu.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Confirm branch, menu, hours and prices before actionable current recommendations."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-033", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.traditional_dishes", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Machboos", "content": "Machboos is Qatar’s national dish: spiced rice served with meat.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-077"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/about-qatar/cuisine"], "notes": "Preparation and accompaniments vary; do not promise ingredients for a restaurant version.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-034", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.traditional_dishes", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Balaleet", "content": "Balaleet combines seasoned vermicelli with egg; flavourings may include rosewater, saffron and cardamom.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-077"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/about-qatar/cuisine"], "notes": "Ask the venue about dietary requirements and allergens rather than inferring them from the dish name.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-035", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.traditional_dishes", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Luqaimat", "content": "Luqaimat are sweet fried dumplings; cardamom and saffron are common flavourings in the Qatari preparation.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-077"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/about-qatar/cuisine"], "notes": "This is a dish description, not a fixed recipe.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-036", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "food.drinks", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Arabic coffee and its serving pot", "content": "Qahwa is Arabic coffee associated with hospitality in Qatar. A dallah is a pot used to prepare or serve it; coffee culture also includes international specialty coffee.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-078"], "source_urls": ["https://nmoq.org.qa/en/calendar/stories-of-coffee-in-qatar-and-indonesia/what-is-coffee/"], "notes": "Keep qahwa and milk-based karak tea distinct.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-037", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "culture.daily_life", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "The majlis as a social institution", "content": "Qatar’s Ministry of Culture describes the majlis as a centre of social relationships and cultural exchange, with shared etiquette known as Sana’a al-Majlis.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-079"], "source_urls": ["https://www.moc.gov.qa/en/inventory/al-majlis-customs-and-traditions/"], "notes": "Customs differ by host and context; avoid treating every Qatari household as identical.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-038", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "local_discovery.events", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar Calendar for current events", "content": "Visit Qatar’s Qatar Calendar provides event listings filtered by date, category and free or paid admission, with links to organisers.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-080"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/events-calendar"], "notes": "Use actual event start/end dates and organiser updates. An event still visible in search results may already have ended.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-039", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "travel.basics", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Local time and driving side", "content": "Qatar’s local time is GMT+3, and road traffic drives on the right.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-081"], "source_urls": ["https://visitqatar.com/intl-en/plan-your-trip/travel-tips"], "notes": "Use a timezone-aware date library for application scheduling; this note alone is not a time-conversion engine.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "QAT-LOCAL-040", "collection": "daily_life", "topic": "data.geospatial", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Public metro-station GIS metadata", "content": "GIS Qatar exposes a metro-station point-layer metadata page with English and Arabic name fields and JSON/GeoJSON query support.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-082"], "source_urls": ["https://services.gisqatar.org.qa/server/rest/services/Vector/Rail/MapServer/4"], "notes": "A data-discovery lead. No bulk download or license validation performed. Planning-phase fields mean the layer must not be assumed to contain only currently operating stations.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "innovation_001", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "ai", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Fanar launch", "content": "Fanar, an Arabic-focused generative AI project, was inaugurated in Doha on 10 December 2024 during the World Summit AI event.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2024-12-10", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-083"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=10%2F12%2F2024&id=0033-prime-minister-and-minister-of-foreign-affairs-inaugurates-arabic-ai-large-language-model-fanar"], "notes": "This records the original launch, not the latest model version.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_002", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "ai", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Fanar institutional partnership", "content": "The Fanar launch was presented as a partnership between Qatar’s Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and Hamad Bin Khalifa University, with Arabic language and culture central to the project.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2024-12-10", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-083"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=10%2F12%2F2024&id=0033-prime-minister-and-minister-of-foreign-affairs-inaugurates-arabic-ai-large-language-model-fanar"], "notes": "Specific later capabilities and releases require separate versioned sources.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_003", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "digital_policy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Digital Agenda 2030 launch", "content": "Qatar’s Ministry of Communications and Information Technology launched Digital Agenda 2030 on 27 February 2024.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2024-02-27", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-084"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=27%2F02%2F2024&id=0088-ministry-of-communications-and-information-technology-launches-digital-agenda-2030"], "notes": "A strategy launch does not prove completion of its programmes.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_004", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "digital_policy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Digital Agenda pillars", "content": "Digital Agenda 2030 groups its work into six pillars: digital infrastructure, government, technologies, innovation, economy and society.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "announced_target", "event_date": "2024-02-27", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-084"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=27%2F02%2F2024&id=0088-ministry-of-communications-and-information-technology-launches-digital-agenda-2030"], "notes": "Retain the strategy date; do not describe objectives as achieved outcomes.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_005", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "research", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "QCRI establishment", "content": "Qatar Computing Research Institute was established in 2010 by Qatar Foundation and operates under Hamad Bin Khalifa University.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current_institutional", "event_date": "2010", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-085"], "source_urls": ["https://www.hbku.edu.qa/en/qcri/about"], "notes": "Institutional structure should be periodically rechecked.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_006", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "research", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "QCRI research scope", "content": "QCRI conducts applied computing research, including Arabic AI, cybersecurity and applications in health, education and humanitarian work.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current_institutional", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-085"], "source_urls": ["https://www.hbku.edu.qa/en/qcri/about"], "notes": "Research themes are not evidence that every project is a deployed public service.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_007", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "innovation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "QSTP inauguration", "content": "Qatar Science and Technology Park was formally inaugurated on 16 March 2009. Its inauguration date is distinct from its earlier institutional creation.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2009-03-16", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-086"], "source_urls": ["https://www.scidev.net/global/news/ambitious-qatar-launches-major-science-park/"], "notes": "Qatar Foundation’s timeline dates creation to 2003; do not conflate the milestones.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_008", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "environment", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Earthna launch", "content": "Qatar Foundation launched Earthna Center for a Sustainable Future at the Doha Forum on 26 March 2022.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-03-26", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-087"], "source_urls": ["https://www.earthna.qa/media-center/press-releases/qatar-foundation-announces-launch-earthna-center-during-doha-forum"], "notes": "Earthna is a sustainability policy and research initiative.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_009", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "environment", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Earthna research context", "content": "Earthna’s launch priorities included sustainability in hot, arid climates, resource use and environmental restoration, with Education City serving as a setting for testing ideas.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2022-03-26", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-087"], "source_urls": ["https://www.earthna.qa/media-center/press-releases/qatar-foundation-announces-launch-earthna-center-during-doha-forum"], "notes": "Programme priorities can evolve; this describes the launch.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_010", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar Foundation origins", "content": "Qatar Foundation was established in 1995 by Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani and Sheikha Moza bint Nasser.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "1995", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-088"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qf.org.qa/about"], "notes": "Institutional founding fact.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_011", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Education City inauguration", "content": "Education City was formally inaugurated on 13 October 2003. It brings educational and research institutions together in one campus area.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2003-10-13", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-088"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qf.org.qa/about"], "notes": "Campus institutions and programmes change over time.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_012", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "First Education City branch campus", "content": "Virginia Commonwealth University opened the first international university branch campus in Education City in 1998.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "1998", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-088"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qf.org.qa/about"], "notes": "Use current university pages for present degree offerings.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_013", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "HBKU and QSTP foundation dates", "content": "Qatar Foundation’s institutional timeline dates Qatar Science and Technology Park’s creation to 2003 and Hamad Bin Khalifa University’s founding to 2010.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-088"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qf.org.qa/about"], "notes": "QSTP’s formal inauguration occurred later, in 2009.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_014", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "innovation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar Open Innovation launch", "content": "The QRDI Council launched Qatar Open Innovation in February 2022 to connect technology providers with problems identified by organizations in Qatar.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-02-20", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-089"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=20%2F02%2F2022&id=0056-qrdi-council-launches-qatar-open-innovation-program"], "notes": "Programme launch fact; individual challenge terms vary.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_015", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "innovation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Initial open innovation partners", "content": "Hassad Food and KAHRAMAA were among the initial Qatar Open Innovation partners, with challenges related to agriculture, water and energy.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2022-02-20", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-089"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=20%2F02%2F2022&id=0056-qrdi-council-launches-qatar-open-innovation-program"], "notes": "Do not treat the initial partner list as a complete current directory.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_016", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "innovation", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Agricultural sidestream innovation", "content": "In May 2023, QRDI reported that French SME Rézome had won a Hassad Food challenge involving agricultural sidestreams and was visiting Doha to develop the partnership.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2023-05-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-090"], "source_urls": ["https://qrdi.org.qa/en-US/News-Details/Id/72"], "notes": "The report establishes selection and partnership work, not proven commercial deployment.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_017", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "energy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Kharsaah inauguration", "content": "The Al Kharsaah solar photovoltaic plant was inaugurated on 18 October 2022 with a stated capacity of 800 megawatts.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-10-18", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-091"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/MediaCenter/Publications/QatarEnergy%20Annual%20Review%202022%20-%20English.pdf"], "notes": "Nameplate power capacity is not annual electricity generation.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_018", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "energy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Kharsaah solar scale", "content": "QatarEnergy’s 2022 review reports that Al Kharsaah uses more than 1.8 million solar panels. Its comparison with roughly one tenth of peak electricity demand describes capacity, not a year-round supply share.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2022", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-091"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/MediaCenter/Publications/QatarEnergy%20Annual%20Review%202022%20-%20English.pdf"], "notes": "Avoid converting peak-demand capacity comparisons into annual generation percentages.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_019", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "energy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "LNG expansion target", "content": "On 25 February 2024, Qatar announced North Field West and a target of increasing LNG production capacity to 142 million tonnes per year by 2030.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "announced_target", "event_date": "2024-02-25", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-092"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=25%2F02%2F2024&id=0028-qatar-to-up-lng-production-capacity-to-142-million-tons-per-year-by-2030%2C-says-minister%C2%A0of%C2%A0state%C2%A0for%C2%A0energy-affairs"], "notes": "This is a future capacity target, not verified current output.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_020", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "energy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "North Field West design capacity", "content": "QatarEnergy’s November 2025 investor presentation describes North Field West as two LNG trains of eight million tonnes per year each, adding 16 million tonnes of annual capacity.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "announced_project", "event_date": "2025-11", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-093"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/MediaCenter/Publications/QatarEnergy_Investors_Presentation_November_2025.pdf"], "notes": "Planned design capacity; commissioning status requires a later operational source.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_021", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "energy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Capacity baseline versus expansion target", "content": "QatarEnergy’s November 2025 presentation illustrates an expansion from 77 to 142 million tonnes per year of LNG capacity by 2030. Capacity figures should be kept separate from actual annual production and exports.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "announced_target", "event_date": "2025-11", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-093"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qatarenergy.qa/en/MediaCenter/Publications/QatarEnergy_Investors_Presentation_November_2025.pdf"], "notes": "The 77 figure is the presentation’s comparison baseline, not a live 2026 measurement.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_022", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "economy", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatari riyal dollar peg", "content": "Qatar Central Bank states an official exchange-rate peg of 3.64 Qatari riyals per US dollar. A customer’s retail exchange transaction may include fees or a different buy/sell quote.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current_policy", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-094"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qcb.gov.qa/en/Pages/MonetaryPolicyTools.aspx"], "notes": "Check the central bank for policy changes; this is not a live retail quote.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_023", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "finance", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Wholesale digital currency work", "content": "Qatar Central Bank describes its initial central bank digital currency phase as a wholesale CBDC initiative, with the first phase ending in 2024.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2024", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-095"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qcb.gov.qa/en/FinancialInstrumentsAndPaymentSystems/Pages/Digital-Currency.aspx"], "notes": "Verified through the indexed official page; direct retrieval was unreliable. Do not infer a public retail digital currency launch.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_024", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "startups", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Startup Qatar Investment Program", "content": "Qatar Development Bank’s Startup Qatar Investment Program targets technology startups establishing or expanding operations in Qatar.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current_programme", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-096"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qdb.qa/Financing-And-Funding/Equity-And-Investment/Startup-Qatar-Investment-Program"], "notes": "Eligibility and investment decisions are subject to programme terms.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_025", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "startups", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Startup programme investment ceilings", "content": "Startup Qatar’s FAQ lists maximum investment amounts of US$1.1 million for START and US$5.5 million for GROW. These are programme ceilings, not guaranteed awards.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current_terms", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-097"], "source_urls": ["https://startupqatar.qa/en/faq"], "notes": "Terms checked on 2026-11-07; refresh before giving application or funding advice.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_026", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar University predecessor", "content": "Qatar University traces its origins to a national College of Education established in 1973 with 150 students: 57 men and 93 women.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "1973", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-098"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qu.edu.qa/static_file/qu/offices%20and%20departments/Chief%20of%20Strategy%20and%20Development/documents/Fact%20Book%202017-18%20%28EN%29.pdf"], "notes": "Source is the university’s 2017–18 fact book.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_027", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar University formation", "content": "Qatar University was established in 1977 with four colleges covering education, humanities and social sciences, Islamic and legal studies, and science.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "1977", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-098"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qu.edu.qa/static_file/qu/offices%20and%20departments/Chief%20of%20Strategy%20and%20Development/documents/Fact%20Book%202017-18%20%28EN%29.pdf"], "notes": "Historical college names and later reorganizations should be kept distinct.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_028", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "education", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar University college expansion", "content": "Qatar University’s fact book dates the College of Engineering to 1980, Pharmacy to 2008, Medicine to 2014 and Health Sciences to 2016.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-098"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qu.edu.qa/static_file/qu/offices%20and%20departments/Chief%20of%20Strategy%20and%20Development/documents/Fact%20Book%202017-18%20%28EN%29.pdf"], "notes": "These are founding milestones, not a complete current list of colleges.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_029", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Lusail Tram opening", "content": "Lusail Tram began its first phase of public service on 1 January 2022, connecting with Doha Metro at Legtaifiya.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-01-01", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-099"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mot.gov.qa/en/news/minister-inspects-lusail-tram-it-opens-public"], "notes": "Do not reuse opening-day timetables as current service information.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_030", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Turquoise Line inauguration", "content": "The Turquoise Line of Lusail Tram was inaugurated on 6 January 2025, adding a connection with Doha Metro at Lusail QNB station.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2025-01-06", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-100"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mot.gov.qa/en/news/minister-transport-inaugurates-turquoise-line-lusail-tram-network"], "notes": "Current route maps and service hours require Qatar Rail updates.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_031", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Lusail Tram 2024 milestone", "content": "The Ministry of Transport records April 2024 as the start of Pink Line service and full operation of the Orange Line.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2024-04", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-100"], "source_urls": ["https://www.mot.gov.qa/en/news/minister-transport-inaugurates-turquoise-line-lusail-tram-network"], "notes": "A dated network expansion milestone, not a live operations report.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_032", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Doha Metro public opening", "content": "Doha Metro began revenue service on 8 May 2019.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2019-05-08", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-101"], "source_urls": ["https://fliphtml5.com/joge/rngi/QR_Sustainability_report_EN_20230914/"], "notes": "Reported in Qatar Rail’s 2022 sustainability report.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_033", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Doha Metro 2022 network", "content": "Qatar Rail’s 2022 sustainability report describes Doha Metro as a 76-kilometre network with 37 stations across the Red, Gold and Green lines.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2022", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-101"], "source_urls": ["https://fliphtml5.com/joge/rngi/QR_Sustainability_report_EN_20230914/"], "notes": "Preserve the snapshot year; do not assume the count remains current.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_034", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "sport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar World Cup dates", "content": "The FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 ran from 20 November to 18 December 2022 and was the first men’s FIFA World Cup staged in the Middle East.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-11-20", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-102"], "source_urls": ["https://inside.fifa.com/tournament-organisation/world-cup-2022-in-numbers/fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-at-a-glance"], "notes": "Tournament end date: 2022-12-18.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_035", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "sport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "World Cup tournament scale", "content": "Qatar 2022 involved 32 national teams playing 64 matches across eight stadiums.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2022", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-102"], "source_urls": ["https://inside.fifa.com/tournament-organisation/world-cup-2022-in-numbers/fifa-world-cup-qatar-2022-at-a-glance"], "notes": "This describes the 2022 tournament, not later World Cup formats.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_036", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "sport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "3-2-1 sports museum inauguration", "content": "The 3-2-1 Qatar Olympic and Sports Museum was inaugurated on 30 March 2022 at Khalifa International Stadium. It presents sporting and Olympic history alongside Qatari achievements.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2022-03-30", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-103"], "source_urls": ["https://www.olympic.qa/node/14938"], "notes": "The source was published on 31 March; inauguration and public-opening dates should not be conflated.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_037", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "environment", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Al Reem conservation milestones", "content": "Qatar’s 2025 Voluntary National Review dates the establishment of Al Reem Reserve to Decision No. 7 of 2005 and its UNESCO biosphere designation to 2007.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-104"], "source_urls": ["https://hlpf.un.org/sites/default/files/vnrs/2025/VNR%202025%20Qatar%20Report.pdf"], "notes": "Two distinct milestones: domestic reserve establishment and international designation.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_038", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "infrastructure", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Msheireb district cooling", "content": "KAHRAMAA describes Msheireb Downtown Doha as served by two district cooling plants with a combined cooling capacity of 31,000 refrigeration tons.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-105"], "source_urls": ["https://km.qa/MediaCenter/Pages/NewsDetails.aspx?ItemID=382"], "notes": "Refrigeration tons measure cooling power. The publication date was not established; recheck for current capacity.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_039", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "ai", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Msheireb AI companion agreement", "content": "On 29 April 2026, QNA reported a memorandum of understanding between Msheireb Properties and MEEZA for an AI digital companion at Msheireb Downtown Doha.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "announced_project", "event_date": "2026-04-29", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-106"], "source_urls": ["https://qna.org.qa/en/news/news-details?date=29%2F04%2F2026&id=msheireb-properties-meeza-partner-to-launch-ai-digital-companion-at-msheireb-downtown-doha"], "notes": "An agreement to develop or launch a service does not establish public availability.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "innovation_040", "collection": "innovation", "topic": "transport", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Hamad airport initial opening", "content": "Hamad International Airport began a partial passenger opening on 30 April 2014, followed by the phased transfer of airline operations.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical", "event_date": "2014-04-30", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-107"], "source_urls": ["https://portal.moi.gov.qa/wps/wcm/connect/04c5bd70-2683-4413-aa85-7b091fd9dfef/3.pdf?CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-04c5bd70-2683-4413-aa85-7b091fd9dfef-lMkTGc3&CONVERT_TO=url&MOD=AJPERES"], "notes": "Initial opening should be distinguished from later transfer and expansion milestones.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F02", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "statistics", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "What monthly population means", "content": "The National Planning Council's monthly population measure counts people physically inside Qatar's boundaries. Qataris and residents who are outside the country at the reference date are excluded.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-114"], "source_urls": ["https://www.npc.qa/en/statistics/pages/subjectdetails.aspx?parent=Population"], "notes": "Do not confuse this measure with citizens-only population or all valid residence-permit holders.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F03", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "development", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "National Vision framework", "content": "Qatar National Vision 2030 was adopted in 2008. Its four pillars are human, social, economic, and environmental development.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2008", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-128"], "source_urls": ["https://diwan.gov.qa/ar-qa/about-qatar/qatar-national-vision-2030?sc_lang=en"], "notes": "A national vision describes intended development, not proof that each objective has been met.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F04", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "development", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Third National Development Strategy", "content": "Qatar's Third National Development Strategy covers 2024–2030 and organizes priorities around seven national strategic outcomes.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "time_bound", "event_date": "2024/2030", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-127"], "source_urls": ["https://www.npc.qa/en/planning/nds3/Pages/default.aspx"], "notes": "Retain the strategy's time period.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F05", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "development", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Diversification priorities", "content": "The Third National Development Strategy names diversification areas including manufacturing, logistics, tourism, digital services, finance, education, food and agriculture, and health.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "time_bound", "event_date": "2024/2030", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-127"], "source_urls": ["https://www.npc.qa/en/planning/nds3/Pages/default.aspx"], "notes": "These are selected policy priorities, not a ranking of existing sector size.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F06", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "labour", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "ILO membership", "content": "Qatar has been a member of the International Labour Organization since 1972.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "1972", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-124"], "source_urls": ["https://www.ilo.org/publications/state-qatar-and-ilo"], "notes": "Historical institutional membership fact.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F07", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "labour", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "ILO cooperation phase", "content": "A February 2026 ILO publication describes a Qatar technical-cooperation phase running from 2024 to 2028, focused on workforce policy, labour-market governance, and cooperation.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "time_bound", "event_date": "2024/2028", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-124"], "source_urls": ["https://www.ilo.org/publications/state-qatar-and-ilo"], "notes": "Dated programme description; not a claim that every planned outcome is complete.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F08", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "labour", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Minimum-wage reform", "content": "The ILO reports that Qatar brought a non-discriminatory minimum wage into force in March 2021, including coverage of domestic workers.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2021-03", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-125"], "source_urls": ["https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/four-years-labour-reforms-qatar"], "notes": "This record describes the historical reform. Verify current law and worker-specific rules for advice.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F09", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "labour", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Reforms and implementation", "content": "The ILO's November 2022 review records improvements from labour reforms while identifying further work on enforcement, unpaid wages, and access to justice.", "record_kind": "dated_assessment", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_assessment", "event_date": "2022-11-01", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-125"], "source_urls": ["https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/four-years-labour-reforms-qatar"], "notes": "Attribute this assessment to the ILO and its publication date.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F10", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "labour", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "2024 cooperation agreement", "content": "An ILO announcement published on 4 March 2024 reported a further Qatar cooperation agreement addressing labour mobility, wages, worker representation, and occupational safety and health.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-126"], "source_urls": ["https://www.ilo.org/resource/news/ilo-and-qatar-sign-new-4-year-programme-advance-labour-reforms"], "notes": "4 March is the verified publication date; an exact signing date is not separately established here. Agreement objectives do not establish implementation results.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F11", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "archives", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Qatar Digital Library scale and scope", "content": "In September 2024 Qatar National Library described Qatar Digital Library as holding nearly 2.5 million digitized pages, covering Qatar and the wider Gulf and Arab region.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_snapshot", "event_date": "2024-09-30", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-112"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qnl.qa/en/about/news/qatar-national-library-and-british-library-celebrate-qatar-digital-librarys-10th"], "notes": "The figure describes the wider collection, not 2.5 million Qatar-only pages.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F12", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "archives", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Types of historical material", "content": "Qatar Digital Library contains archival records, maps, manuscripts, photographs and drawings, with contextual material in Arabic and English.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-112"], "source_urls": ["https://www.qnl.qa/en/about/news/qatar-national-library-and-british-library-celebrate-qatar-digital-librarys-10th"], "notes": "Historical documents reflect their authors and context; compare sources when interpreting them.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F13", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "open_data", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Government data portal", "content": "Qatar's open-data portal offers a dataset catalog, data visualization tools and an API for accessing published data.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "current", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-108"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/pages/tools/"], "notes": "API documentation was identified; API calls and bulk downloads were not validated in this pack.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F15", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "statistics_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Municipality population and labour data", "content": "The portal lists population and labour-force indicators by municipality, with the catalog describing a 2020–2025 series.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": "2020/2025", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-115"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/population-and-labour-force-by-municipality/"], "notes": "This record identifies a dataset. Individual numerical rows were not downloaded or validated.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F16", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "culture_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Museum collections data", "content": "The government portal lists a Qatar Museums dataset for collection and exhibit statistics.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-116"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/museum-collections-and-exhibits/information/"], "notes": "Do not infer current public access to a particular object from an aggregate statistics table.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F17", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "environment_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Historical air-quality data", "content": "The portal lists annual average air-quality data for Doha from the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-117"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/annual-average-of-air-quality-doha-city0/"], "notes": "Annual averages cannot answer whether the air is safe at a specific place and time today.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F18", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "transport_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Ridership dataset", "content": "The Public Transport Users catalog entry covers buses, Doha Metro and Lusail Tram and describes monthly data from January 2024 through February 2026.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": "2024-01/2026-02", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-118"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/public-transport-users/"], "notes": "The page was modified later than the stated observation period; modified date is not the data period.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F19", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "construction_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Building-permit statistics", "content": "Qatar's catalog provides building-permit counts by municipality and building or permit type, excluding maintenance permits in the described series.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-119"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/total-building-permits-issued-by-municipality-and-type-of-building-type-of-permit/"], "notes": "Aggregate construction activity data; not an individual permit lookup.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F20", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "fisheries_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Fish landings and species names", "content": "The official fish-production catalog describes 2016–2025 landings by municipality, port and species, with local, Arabic, scientific and English names.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": "2016/2025", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-120"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/fish-production-by-municipality-landing-port-and-species/?flg=ar-001"], "notes": "Landings statistics do not establish recreational fishing permission, current fish location or protected-species status.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F21", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "climate_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Rainfall and humidity", "content": "The portal provides historical annual rainfall and relative-humidity observations for Qatar.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-121"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/annual-relative-humidity-and-rainfall-qatar/map/"], "notes": "Use a current meteorological service for forecasts and warnings.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F22", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "energy_resources", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Power-generation data", "content": "KAHRAMAA's catalog includes monthly electricity generation in megawatt-hours by independent water and power producer, including photovoltaic sources.", "record_kind": "data_resource", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "data_resource", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-122"], "source_urls": ["https://www.data.gov.qa/explore/dataset/monthly-electricity-generation-by-iwpp-mwh/"], "notes": "Check actual row dates and units before calculating trends.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Catalog description only; verify dataset rows, units and observation period for numeric answers."}
{"id": "R-F23", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "food.local_opinion", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Different preferences in a July 2026 karak discussion", "content": "A public r/qatar discussion on 17 July 2026 includes personal recommendations for Poori & Karak, Chapati & Karak, Tasty Tea and other places. The comments illustrate differing tastes rather than an authoritative ranking.", "record_kind": "attributed_opinion", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "dated_opinion", "event_date": "2026-07-17", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-134"], "source_urls": ["https://www.reddit.com/r/qatar/comments/1uyx57u/best_karak/"], "notes": "Small self-selected community discussion. Do not convert votes into population-level popularity or infer current opening hours.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F24", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "food.local_opinion", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Neighborhood tea-shop discovery leads", "content": "A December 2024 r/qatar post recommended Chay Kada in Bin Mahmoud and Chittagong Handi in Al Nasr for particular tea styles. These are attributed discovery leads, not independently confirmed current business records.", "record_kind": "attributed_opinion", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "dated_opinion", "event_date": "2024-12-07", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-135"], "source_urls": ["https://www.reddit.com/r/qatar/comments/1h8sidt"], "notes": "Verify exact identity, location, current operation and menu before recommending a visit. Historical prices and timing claims are excluded.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F25", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "ai.versions", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Fanar 2.0 release documentation", "content": "Fanar publishes 2.0 release notes describing a larger Arabic language model, bilingual reasoning, tool calling and expanded speech and multimedia features. These are project-owner descriptions of the version.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "versioned_product", "event_date": null, "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-138"], "source_urls": ["https://www.fanar.qa/en/2-0-release-notes"], "notes": "The release page was retrieved on 2026-11-07; a precise publication date was not established. Do not treat advertised quality as an independent benchmark.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}
{"id": "R-F26", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "innovation.startups", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "QSTP Fall 2026 incubation pathway", "content": "On 2 September 2026, QSTP announced a revamped 16-week incubation pathway with 52 local and international startups in its Fall 2026 cohort. The stages cover validation, incubation and investment readiness.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "stable", "event_date": "2026-09-02", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-139"], "source_urls": ["https://qstp.qa/qstp-launches-revamped-incubation-program-with-fall-2026-cohort/"], "notes": "This is the announcement date; the article says the cohort began on 1 September. Participation does not guarantee funding.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Retain historical dates and source qualifications; refresh interpretation when relevant evidence changes."}
{"id": "R-F27", "collection": "data_and_context", "topic": "innovation.water", "country_scope": "QA", "title": "Aqua-Intelligence water-quality challenge", "content": "QRDI and KAHRAMAA published an Aqua-Intelligence challenge seeking continuous water-quality monitoring and AI-supported dashboards. Its stated 2026 scouting window ran from 1 February to 30 April.", "record_kind": "fact_note", "language": "en", "temporal_class": "historical_opportunity", "event_date": "2026-02-01/2026-04-30", "evidence_retrieved_on": "2026-11-07", "valid_from": null, "valid_to": null, "source_ids": ["SRC-140"], "source_urls": ["https://qoi.qrdi.org.qa/en/challenges/aqua-intelligence-the-smart-water-quality-innovation-challenge"], "notes": "An archived challenge is not evidence of currently open applications or a completed deployed system.", "verification_level": "Source-supported seed; not an assurance of live status.", "currentness_requirement": "Recheck time-sensitive claims with an appropriate current source."}