BrainFMBench Leaderboard

Overview

Metric

Held out test. Color: improvement over chance, relative to the best model in each row; pale rows are near chance. Arrows give the direction: ↑ higher is better, ↓ lower is better. Chance is 0.5 for balanced accuracy and AUC, 0 for R², and for MAE the error of predicting the training mean, so MAE color is the fraction of that error removed. Boxed: the best model in each row. n is the number of subjects with that label. Hover for mean ± SD over 5 seeds.

Affine registration for turboprep models

Applies only to the models that take turboprep input (BrainIAC, SwinBrain, 3D-Neuro SimCLR, Dinov3D neuro, un-CNN): checked shows turboprep with affine registration to MNI 1 mm, unchecked shows rigid turboprep. AnatCL (CAT12), FreeSurfer and NiChart-Brain2Vec (raw) use their own preprocessing and do not change. The table below follows the same setting.

Detail

Leaderboard

Held out test, mean ± std over 5 seeds. Rows are grouped by probe; click a column to sort within each probe, click again to reverse. Bold marks the best value per column within a probe. There is no single overall score.

Model ⇅	Preprocessing ⇅	HBN	NKI	PNC	BHRC	CCNP
Linear probe
3D-Neuro-SimCLR	turboprep	0.776 ± 0.034	0.856 ± 0.023	1.37 ± 0.13	0.745 ± 0.056	2.84 ± 0.23	0.338 ± 0.183	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.021 ± 0.007	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.023 ± 0.050	0.78 ± 0.04	0.017 ± 0.038	0.500 ± 0.000	0.458 ± 0.048	0.892 ± 0.021	0.964 ± 0.013	5.85 ± 0.41	0.854 ± 0.026	3.38 ± 0.21	0.316 ± 0.080	0.78 ± 0.09	-0.182 ± 0.172	0.88 ± 0.13	-0.081 ± 0.095	0.37 ± 0.11	-1.078 ± 1.284	0.499 ± 0.002	0.477 ± 0.053	0.840 ± 0.019	0.911 ± 0.027	1.64 ± 0.11	0.382 ± 0.629	3.25 ± 0.36	-0.337 ± 0.859	0.498 ± 0.002	0.505 ± 0.030	0.79 ± 0.04	0.037 ± 0.028	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.005 ± 0.007	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.003 ± 0.006	0.500 ± 0.000	0.564 ± 0.047	0.769 ± 0.055	0.821 ± 0.058	1.41 ± 0.19	-0.231 ± 0.755	3.61 ± 0.59	-0.012 ± 0.404	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.021 ± 0.048	0.72 ± 0.09	0.018 ± 0.045	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.025 ± 0.015	0.504 ± 0.059	0.572 ± 0.146	2.60 ± 0.44	-0.074 ± 0.106	2.95 ± 0.28	-0.055 ± 0.071
3D-Neuro-SimCLR	turboprep-affine	0.784 ± 0.022	0.873 ± 0.015	1.16 ± 0.11	0.819 ± 0.034	2.55 ± 0.20	0.485 ± 0.073	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.020 ± 0.010	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.015 ± 0.027	0.78 ± 0.04	0.017 ± 0.031	0.500 ± 0.000	0.466 ± 0.092	0.861 ± 0.043	0.935 ± 0.027	5.48 ± 0.40	0.868 ± 0.025	2.50 ± 0.27	0.660 ± 0.061	0.81 ± 0.06	-0.249 ± 0.274	0.89 ± 0.12	-0.110 ± 0.085	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.118 ± 1.276	0.500 ± 0.000	0.603 ± 0.081	0.818 ± 0.033	0.914 ± 0.016	1.64 ± 0.07	0.680 ± 0.012	2.52 ± 0.19	0.545 ± 0.067	0.500 ± 0.000	0.507 ± 0.048	0.79 ± 0.04	0.022 ± 0.018	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.003 ± 0.013	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.006 ± 0.006	0.500 ± 0.000	0.491 ± 0.025	0.746 ± 0.065	0.815 ± 0.053	1.24 ± 0.09	0.295 ± 0.044	3.52 ± 0.49	-0.107 ± 0.538	0.72 ± 0.06	-0.022 ± 0.053	0.70 ± 0.09	0.054 ± 0.025	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.013 ± 0.011	0.469 ± 0.061	0.628 ± 0.180	2.53 ± 0.45	-0.032 ± 0.102	3.09 ± 0.30	-0.148 ± 0.283
AnatCL (Global)	cat12	0.783 ± 0.035	0.849 ± 0.045	1.61 ± 0.10	0.661 ± 0.045	3.21 ± 0.33	0.206 ± 0.061	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.018 ± 0.009	0.86 ± 0.04	-0.008 ± 0.019	0.78 ± 0.04	0.011 ± 0.037	0.500 ± 0.000	0.496 ± 0.052	0.799 ± 0.032	0.906 ± 0.010	6.25 ± 0.17	0.837 ± 0.007	3.87 ± 0.20	0.208 ± 0.031	0.81 ± 0.08	-0.218 ± 0.213	0.88 ± 0.12	-0.085 ± 0.084	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.327 ± 1.584	0.500 ± 0.000	0.587 ± 0.076	0.799 ± 0.036	0.877 ± 0.028	1.68 ± 0.08	0.669 ± 0.029	3.66 ± 0.27	0.121 ± 0.100	0.500 ± 0.000	0.533 ± 0.056	0.79 ± 0.05	0.044 ± 0.027	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.007 ± 0.008	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.003 ± 0.007	0.500 ± 0.000	0.566 ± 0.046	0.755 ± 0.066	0.786 ± 0.076	1.35 ± 0.08	0.156 ± 0.063	3.71 ± 0.47	0.015 ± 0.068	0.71 ± 0.05	-0.021 ± 0.057	0.73 ± 0.08	-0.017 ± 0.031	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.015 ± 0.010	0.461 ± 0.086	0.492 ± 0.105	2.55 ± 0.38	-0.056 ± 0.097	2.95 ± 0.28	-0.064 ± 0.067
AnatCL (Local)	cat12	0.762 ± 0.028	0.840 ± 0.037	1.63 ± 0.07	0.642 ± 0.058	3.13 ± 0.34	0.227 ± 0.055	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.013 ± 0.015	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.013 ± 0.022	0.79 ± 0.04	0.004 ± 0.038	0.500 ± 0.000	0.519 ± 0.076	0.804 ± 0.016	0.901 ± 0.012	6.22 ± 0.23	0.836 ± 0.011	3.71 ± 0.24	0.276 ± 0.021	0.80 ± 0.08	-0.193 ± 0.169	0.87 ± 0.13	-0.060 ± 0.108	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.211 ± 1.414	0.500 ± 0.000	0.589 ± 0.078	0.829 ± 0.035	0.906 ± 0.030	1.69 ± 0.05	0.661 ± 0.026	3.64 ± 0.34	0.139 ± 0.100	0.500 ± 0.000	0.540 ± 0.057	0.78 ± 0.04	0.046 ± 0.030	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.003 ± 0.007	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.004 ± 0.007	0.500 ± 0.000	0.505 ± 0.023	0.709 ± 0.070	0.776 ± 0.092	1.32 ± 0.12	0.185 ± 0.062	3.70 ± 0.46	0.036 ± 0.046	0.73 ± 0.06	-0.046 ± 0.026	0.72 ± 0.08	0.003 ± 0.024	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.017 ± 0.013	0.436 ± 0.111	0.428 ± 0.141	2.53 ± 0.37	-0.037 ± 0.131	2.95 ± 0.29	-0.052 ± 0.070
BrainIAC	turboprep	0.782 ± 0.041	0.854 ± 0.031	2.38 ± 0.15	0.329 ± 0.057	3.18 ± 0.42	0.248 ± 0.088	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.019 ± 0.011	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.007 ± 0.014	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.014 ± 0.020	0.500 ± 0.000	0.432 ± 0.033	0.842 ± 0.036	0.924 ± 0.026	10.15 ± 0.24	0.567 ± 0.051	3.87 ± 0.20	0.220 ± 0.093	0.78 ± 0.09	-0.157 ± 0.176	0.85 ± 0.14	-0.040 ± 0.114	0.39 ± 0.12	-1.099 ± 1.168	0.500 ± 0.000	0.546 ± 0.058	0.773 ± 0.028	0.858 ± 0.029	2.46 ± 0.06	0.326 ± 0.047	3.50 ± 0.30	0.205 ± 0.066	0.500 ± 0.000	0.520 ± 0.043	0.80 ± 0.03	0.012 ± 0.022	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.006 ± 0.006	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.000 ± 0.004	0.500 ± 0.000	0.567 ± 0.024	0.679 ± 0.041	0.754 ± 0.021	1.44 ± 0.08	0.075 ± 0.034	3.54 ± 0.40	0.097 ± 0.095	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.034 ± 0.031	0.71 ± 0.08	0.021 ± 0.019	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.008 ± 0.018	0.576 ± 0.150	0.553 ± 0.155	2.59 ± 0.41	-0.074 ± 0.087	2.94 ± 0.29	-0.049 ± 0.073
BrainIAC	turboprep-affine	0.678 ± 0.048	0.736 ± 0.054	1.95 ± 0.13	0.484 ± 0.048	3.10 ± 0.37	0.293 ± 0.075	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.015 ± 0.014	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.007 ± 0.009	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.014 ± 0.026	0.500 ± 0.000	0.598 ± 0.070	0.750 ± 0.045	0.827 ± 0.047	8.96 ± 0.18	0.668 ± 0.021	3.64 ± 0.23	0.316 ± 0.045	0.73 ± 0.13	-0.239 ± 0.240	0.87 ± 0.14	-0.084 ± 0.098	0.39 ± 0.11	-1.133 ± 1.231	0.500 ± 0.000	0.424 ± 0.055	0.744 ± 0.057	0.835 ± 0.039	2.17 ± 0.13	0.459 ± 0.061	3.43 ± 0.41	0.245 ± 0.058	0.500 ± 0.000	0.492 ± 0.053	0.81 ± 0.04	-0.005 ± 0.020	0.86 ± 0.03	0.009 ± 0.024	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.001 ± 0.012	0.500 ± 0.000	0.540 ± 0.035	0.667 ± 0.042	0.734 ± 0.059	1.41 ± 0.08	0.072 ± 0.065	3.62 ± 0.34	0.077 ± 0.030	0.72 ± 0.06	-0.012 ± 0.024	0.71 ± 0.07	0.016 ± 0.036	0.68 ± 0.11	-0.003 ± 0.022	0.474 ± 0.039	0.494 ± 0.074	2.58 ± 0.41	-0.064 ± 0.070	2.94 ± 0.30	-0.051 ± 0.072
Dinov3D-neuro	turboprep	0.727 ± 0.030	0.828 ± 0.031	1.42 ± 0.09	0.730 ± 0.042	2.68 ± 0.26	0.442 ± 0.061	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.021 ± 0.013	0.85 ± 0.05	-0.002 ± 0.032	0.80 ± 0.04	-0.004 ± 0.037	0.500 ± 0.000	0.526 ± 0.056	0.846 ± 0.030	0.939 ± 0.019	6.03 ± 0.23	0.844 ± 0.023	3.26 ± 0.10	0.432 ± 0.055	0.80 ± 0.09	-0.158 ± 0.145	0.85 ± 0.13	-0.176 ± 0.132	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.084 ± 1.180	0.500 ± 0.000	0.512 ± 0.064	0.796 ± 0.036	0.878 ± 0.042	1.58 ± 0.09	0.707 ± 0.027	3.20 ± 0.26	0.317 ± 0.105	0.500 ± 0.000	0.489 ± 0.054	0.80 ± 0.03	0.015 ± 0.038	0.87 ± 0.02	-0.013 ± 0.028	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.006 ± 0.011	0.500 ± 0.000	0.477 ± 0.061	0.682 ± 0.068	0.751 ± 0.080	1.38 ± 0.15	0.120 ± 0.093	3.53 ± 0.44	0.152 ± 0.055	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.013 ± 0.018	0.71 ± 0.08	0.042 ± 0.025	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.016 ± 0.011	0.568 ± 0.113	0.553 ± 0.136	2.59 ± 0.37	-0.081 ± 0.080	2.92 ± 0.27	-0.054 ± 0.051
Dinov3D-neuro	turboprep-affine	0.703 ± 0.041	0.784 ± 0.026	1.43 ± 0.11	0.729 ± 0.052	2.96 ± 0.21	0.282 ± 0.081	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.020 ± 0.015	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.004 ± 0.036	0.79 ± 0.04	-0.001 ± 0.013	0.500 ± 0.000	0.524 ± 0.089	0.759 ± 0.040	0.859 ± 0.014	6.47 ± 0.51	0.827 ± 0.036	3.07 ± 0.26	0.511 ± 0.026	0.76 ± 0.06	-0.144 ± 0.261	0.86 ± 0.13	-0.085 ± 0.166	0.38 ± 0.12	-1.054 ± 1.181	0.500 ± 0.000	0.527 ± 0.056	0.789 ± 0.045	0.874 ± 0.028	1.61 ± 0.05	0.689 ± 0.024	3.10 ± 0.41	0.377 ± 0.043	0.500 ± 0.000	0.512 ± 0.027	0.80 ± 0.03	0.011 ± 0.020	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.009 ± 0.010	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.011 ± 0.014	0.500 ± 0.000	0.411 ± 0.045	0.669 ± 0.052	0.734 ± 0.050	1.30 ± 0.11	0.200 ± 0.059	3.42 ± 0.28	0.196 ± 0.118	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.017 ± 0.027	0.71 ± 0.08	-0.000 ± 0.040	0.68 ± 0.10	-0.007 ± 0.038	0.503 ± 0.136	0.522 ± 0.134	2.63 ± 0.33	-0.087 ± 0.192	2.94 ± 0.28	-0.055 ± 0.071
FS aparc	freesurfer	0.819 ± 0.028	0.888 ± 0.033	1.91 ± 0.13	0.524 ± 0.061	3.34 ± 0.26	0.183 ± 0.037	0.82 ± 0.09	-0.036 ± 0.020	0.87 ± 0.05	-0.031 ± 0.008	0.79 ± 0.05	0.006 ± 0.030	0.500 ± 0.000	0.498 ± 0.083	0.822 ± 0.045	0.908 ± 0.027	7.69 ± 0.54	0.753 ± 0.023	3.89 ± 0.26	0.250 ± 0.048	0.76 ± 0.09	-0.102 ± 0.110	0.88 ± 0.13	-0.089 ± 0.096	0.39 ± 0.11	-1.097 ± 1.178	0.500 ± 0.000	0.517 ± 0.059	0.821 ± 0.028	0.899 ± 0.020	1.91 ± 0.06	0.577 ± 0.043	3.48 ± 0.24	0.204 ± 0.063	0.500 ± 0.000	0.545 ± 0.062	0.79 ± 0.04	0.033 ± 0.026	0.86 ± 0.02	-0.001 ± 0.016	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.008 ± 0.006	0.500 ± 0.000	0.504 ± 0.030	0.750 ± 0.033	0.811 ± 0.037	1.35 ± 0.12	0.165 ± 0.038	3.77 ± 0.43	0.023 ± 0.069	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.020 ± 0.013	0.72 ± 0.09	0.015 ± 0.028	0.70 ± 0.10	-0.028 ± 0.027	0.433 ± 0.084	0.489 ± 0.160	2.54 ± 0.46	-0.058 ± 0.091	2.99 ± 0.27	-0.088 ± 0.090
FS Schaefer	freesurfer	0.833 ± 0.020	0.891 ± 0.027	1.74 ± 0.14	0.589 ± 0.068	3.18 ± 0.26	0.235 ± 0.037	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.027 ± 0.012	0.87 ± 0.05	-0.031 ± 0.021	0.79 ± 0.05	0.006 ± 0.036	0.500 ± 0.000	0.529 ± 0.087	0.834 ± 0.018	0.929 ± 0.018	6.68 ± 0.30	0.816 ± 0.018	3.76 ± 0.23	0.286 ± 0.032	0.76 ± 0.09	-0.109 ± 0.128	0.88 ± 0.12	-0.092 ± 0.092	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.106 ± 1.202	0.500 ± 0.000	0.530 ± 0.068	0.858 ± 0.015	0.940 ± 0.015	1.76 ± 0.08	0.644 ± 0.029	3.27 ± 0.25	0.257 ± 0.083	0.500 ± 0.000	0.542 ± 0.067	0.79 ± 0.04	0.034 ± 0.026	0.85 ± 0.02	0.011 ± 0.023	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.007 ± 0.009	0.500 ± 0.000	0.506 ± 0.041	0.767 ± 0.041	0.831 ± 0.046	1.32 ± 0.10	0.192 ± 0.050	3.64 ± 0.51	0.048 ± 0.123	0.73 ± 0.06	-0.026 ± 0.013	0.71 ± 0.09	0.016 ± 0.037	0.69 ± 0.10	-0.014 ± 0.013	0.450 ± 0.058	0.511 ± 0.108	2.54 ± 0.49	-0.044 ± 0.105	2.94 ± 0.29	-0.051 ± 0.071
NiChart-Brain2Vec	raw	0.793 ± 0.037	0.876 ± 0.024	1.20 ± 0.07	0.796 ± 0.037	2.52 ± 0.21	0.524 ± 0.073	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.021 ± 0.011	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.028 ± 0.020	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.010 ± 0.035	0.500 ± 0.000	0.522 ± 0.078	0.881 ± 0.031	0.958 ± 0.011	4.78 ± 0.22	0.906 ± 0.014	2.35 ± 0.25	0.709 ± 0.040	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.226 ± 0.242	0.88 ± 0.12	-0.113 ± 0.098	0.39 ± 0.11	-1.128 ± 1.180	0.499 ± 0.002	0.581 ± 0.100	0.866 ± 0.026	0.941 ± 0.024	1.41 ± 0.04	0.763 ± 0.024	2.57 ± 0.23	0.556 ± 0.067	0.497 ± 0.005	0.527 ± 0.046	0.79 ± 0.04	0.037 ± 0.033	0.85 ± 0.02	0.009 ± 0.017	0.62 ± 0.02	0.004 ± 0.010	0.500 ± 0.000	0.480 ± 0.054	0.750 ± 0.096	0.836 ± 0.101	1.34 ± 0.06	0.183 ± 0.073	3.08 ± 0.19	0.297 ± 0.062	0.72 ± 0.06	-0.007 ± 0.021	0.69 ± 0.08	0.062 ± 0.055	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.013 ± 0.011	0.500 ± 0.089	0.408 ± 0.120	2.61 ± 0.51	-0.080 ± 0.131	2.99 ± 0.23	-0.097 ± 0.087
SwinBrain	turboprep	0.788 ± 0.030	0.867 ± 0.020	1.93 ± 0.21	0.503 ± 0.080	2.99 ± 0.45	0.358 ± 0.059	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.019 ± 0.010	0.87 ± 0.04	-0.017 ± 0.018	0.79 ± 0.05	0.008 ± 0.052	0.500 ± 0.000	0.483 ± 0.046	0.876 ± 0.043	0.962 ± 0.017	8.98 ± 0.76	0.657 ± 0.078	3.54 ± 0.14	0.330 ± 0.097	0.79 ± 0.08	-0.178 ± 0.197	0.81 ± 0.16	0.050 ± 0.143	0.39 ± 0.11	-1.366 ± 1.650	0.500 ± 0.000	0.539 ± 0.113	0.802 ± 0.041	0.879 ± 0.027	2.17 ± 0.05	0.461 ± 0.019	3.31 ± 0.41	0.289 ± 0.065	0.500 ± 0.000	0.523 ± 0.062	0.80 ± 0.04	0.022 ± 0.029	0.86 ± 0.03	0.001 ± 0.010	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.008 ± 0.019	0.500 ± 0.000	0.567 ± 0.043	0.732 ± 0.055	0.818 ± 0.044	1.35 ± 0.10	0.133 ± 0.086	3.67 ± 0.42	0.045 ± 0.084	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.024 ± 0.050	0.72 ± 0.09	0.009 ± 0.019	0.69 ± 0.10	-0.015 ± 0.024	0.499 ± 0.048	0.581 ± 0.152	2.59 ± 0.40	-0.079 ± 0.090	2.95 ± 0.28	-0.054 ± 0.078
SwinBrain	turboprep-affine	0.770 ± 0.046	0.840 ± 0.034	1.73 ± 0.10	0.598 ± 0.051	3.07 ± 0.40	0.286 ± 0.065	0.81 ± 0.08	-0.018 ± 0.024	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.009 ± 0.063	0.78 ± 0.05	0.024 ± 0.029	0.500 ± 0.000	0.481 ± 0.048	0.815 ± 0.040	0.913 ± 0.012	7.68 ± 0.22	0.750 ± 0.034	3.48 ± 0.20	0.342 ± 0.021	0.75 ± 0.10	-0.128 ± 0.220	0.84 ± 0.14	-0.043 ± 0.114	0.39 ± 0.11	-1.306 ± 1.368	0.500 ± 0.000	0.515 ± 0.126	0.811 ± 0.029	0.905 ± 0.021	1.96 ± 0.09	0.565 ± 0.042	3.32 ± 0.30	0.292 ± 0.074	0.500 ± 0.000	0.499 ± 0.024	0.80 ± 0.04	0.019 ± 0.024	0.86 ± 0.03	0.005 ± 0.009	0.62 ± 0.02	0.005 ± 0.005	0.500 ± 0.000	0.490 ± 0.049	0.694 ± 0.037	0.728 ± 0.043	1.36 ± 0.06	0.144 ± 0.074	3.35 ± 0.39	0.182 ± 0.084	0.71 ± 0.07	-0.015 ± 0.021	0.72 ± 0.09	0.010 ± 0.045	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.011 ± 0.012	0.469 ± 0.061	0.453 ± 0.115	2.55 ± 0.37	-0.076 ± 0.114	2.94 ± 0.29	-0.051 ± 0.076
un-CNN †	turboprep	0.856 ± 0.031	0.929 ± 0.025	1.46 ± 0.08	0.720 ± 0.045	2.66 ± 0.33	0.463 ± 0.051	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.016 ± 0.005	0.93 ± 0.06	-0.336 ± 0.388	0.79 ± 0.04	-0.001 ± 0.045	0.500 ± 0.000	0.536 ± 0.091	0.913 ± 0.023	0.984 ± 0.006	4.94 ± 0.18	0.889 ± 0.015	2.88 ± 0.19	0.508 ± 0.136	0.73 ± 0.03	-0.065 ± 0.217	0.85 ± 0.13	-0.071 ± 0.135	0.36 ± 0.11	-1.173 ± 1.385	0.500 ± 0.000	0.575 ± 0.057	0.881 ± 0.015	0.956 ± 0.011	1.49 ± 0.10	0.745 ± 0.022	2.54 ± 0.16	0.542 ± 0.068	0.500 ± 0.000	0.531 ± 0.052	0.79 ± 0.04	0.043 ± 0.039	0.86 ± 0.03	0.001 ± 0.013	0.61 ± 0.03	0.004 ± 0.012	0.500 ± 0.000	0.536 ± 0.070	0.812 ± 0.057	0.890 ± 0.055	1.25 ± 0.11	0.214 ± 0.148	3.07 ± 0.19	0.299 ± 0.121	0.71 ± 0.06	-0.005 ± 0.027	0.69 ± 0.07	0.050 ± 0.038	0.68 ± 0.10	0.007 ± 0.031	0.533 ± 0.096	0.603 ± 0.189	2.58 ± 0.38	-0.074 ± 0.135	2.95 ± 0.27	-0.062 ± 0.075
un-CNN †	turboprep-affine	0.856 ± 0.036	0.922 ± 0.016	1.22 ± 0.15	0.798 ± 0.060	2.51 ± 0.23	0.510 ± 0.041	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.015 ± 0.015	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.013 ± 0.031	0.79 ± 0.04	-0.002 ± 0.026	0.500 ± 0.000	0.497 ± 0.089	0.935 ± 0.020	0.982 ± 0.009	5.31 ± 0.73	0.878 ± 0.030	2.52 ± 0.15	0.644 ± 0.044	0.78 ± 0.04	-0.204 ± 0.323	0.82 ± 0.15	-0.044 ± 0.215	0.38 ± 0.11	-1.230 ± 1.242	0.500 ± 0.000	0.575 ± 0.090	0.927 ± 0.015	0.977 ± 0.007	1.36 ± 0.04	0.783 ± 0.018	2.33 ± 0.24	0.614 ± 0.077	0.500 ± 0.000	0.511 ± 0.038	0.79 ± 0.04	0.042 ± 0.026	0.86 ± 0.03	0.009 ± 0.015	0.62 ± 0.03	-0.002 ± 0.016	0.500 ± 0.000	0.538 ± 0.030	0.814 ± 0.054	0.883 ± 0.024	1.25 ± 0.15	0.269 ± 0.071	3.34 ± 0.32	0.233 ± 0.040	0.71 ± 0.06	-0.002 ± 0.021	0.70 ± 0.08	0.068 ± 0.027	0.68 ± 0.10	0.001 ± 0.027	0.412 ± 0.212	0.519 ± 0.283	2.55 ± 0.41	-0.048 ± 0.146	2.97 ± 0.26	-0.081 ± 0.171
RandomForest probe
3D-Neuro-SimCLR	turboprep	0.768 ± 0.049	0.816 ± 0.034	1.64 ± 0.12	0.654 ± 0.046	3.02 ± 0.29	0.336 ± 0.060	0.81 ± 0.08	-0.019 ± 0.013	0.87 ± 0.04	-0.041 ± 0.045	0.79 ± 0.04	0.019 ± 0.049	0.508 ± 0.024	0.565 ± 0.095	0.835 ± 0.023	0.928 ± 0.010	5.86 ± 0.58	0.841 ± 0.029	3.52 ± 0.17	0.341 ± 0.030	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.303 ± 0.332	0.81 ± 0.13	-0.028 ± 0.078	0.40 ± 0.10	-2.376 ± 3.062	0.500 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.055	0.788 ± 0.038	0.868 ± 0.037	1.68 ± 0.07	0.669 ± 0.021	3.44 ± 0.32	0.177 ± 0.065	0.500 ± 0.021	0.534 ± 0.024	0.78 ± 0.04	0.045 ± 0.045	0.85 ± 0.04	0.014 ± 0.026	0.61 ± 0.02	-0.007 ± 0.013	0.500 ± 0.005	0.415 ± 0.038	0.712 ± 0.046	0.782 ± 0.064	1.31 ± 0.11	0.206 ± 0.045	3.40 ± 0.35	0.218 ± 0.085	0.68 ± 0.04	0.022 ± 0.085	0.73 ± 0.08	-0.008 ± 0.041	0.69 ± 0.10	-0.029 ± 0.059	0.522 ± 0.064	0.436 ± 0.095	2.73 ± 0.44	-0.181 ± 0.188	3.22 ± 0.33	-0.190 ± 0.228
3D-Neuro-SimCLR	turboprep-affine	0.671 ± 0.050	0.730 ± 0.048	1.41 ± 0.10	0.727 ± 0.045	2.93 ± 0.26	0.296 ± 0.100	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.014 ± 0.025	0.87 ± 0.05	-0.046 ± 0.035	0.79 ± 0.04	0.011 ± 0.037	0.500 ± 0.000	0.532 ± 0.058	0.746 ± 0.058	0.846 ± 0.049	5.26 ± 0.30	0.866 ± 0.021	2.71 ± 0.21	0.582 ± 0.027	0.82 ± 0.02	-0.370 ± 0.424	0.88 ± 0.10	-0.133 ± 0.096	0.44 ± 0.13	-2.511 ± 2.669	0.500 ± 0.000	0.525 ± 0.177	0.745 ± 0.020	0.802 ± 0.030	1.62 ± 0.08	0.687 ± 0.022	3.12 ± 0.39	0.357 ± 0.030	0.507 ± 0.023	0.516 ± 0.038	0.79 ± 0.04	0.023 ± 0.038	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.016 ± 0.015	0.63 ± 0.03	-0.043 ± 0.019	0.504 ± 0.011	0.433 ± 0.037	0.678 ± 0.061	0.754 ± 0.048	1.25 ± 0.09	0.265 ± 0.063	3.40 ± 0.30	0.198 ± 0.033	0.71 ± 0.05	-0.005 ± 0.038	0.71 ± 0.09	0.039 ± 0.039	0.70 ± 0.12	-0.062 ± 0.056	0.485 ± 0.068	0.481 ± 0.061	2.63 ± 0.52	-0.150 ± 0.223	3.20 ± 0.33	-0.187 ± 0.282
AnatCL (Global)	cat12	0.723 ± 0.060	0.802 ± 0.049	1.78 ± 0.18	0.595 ± 0.045	3.39 ± 0.33	0.148 ± 0.058	0.83 ± 0.07	-0.032 ± 0.027	0.86 ± 0.04	-0.034 ± 0.036	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.031 ± 0.052	0.500 ± 0.000	0.537 ± 0.080	0.738 ± 0.031	0.850 ± 0.028	6.26 ± 0.43	0.825 ± 0.024	3.92 ± 0.22	0.183 ± 0.029	0.79 ± 0.07	-0.171 ± 0.294	0.86 ± 0.13	-0.064 ± 0.110	0.46 ± 0.09	-3.018 ± 2.921	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.052	0.723 ± 0.055	0.808 ± 0.058	1.88 ± 0.05	0.603 ± 0.026	3.63 ± 0.40	0.140 ± 0.087	0.481 ± 0.006	0.489 ± 0.066	0.79 ± 0.05	0.030 ± 0.039	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.019 ± 0.016	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.023 ± 0.011	0.492 ± 0.003	0.523 ± 0.069	0.647 ± 0.050	0.750 ± 0.054	1.30 ± 0.07	0.184 ± 0.070	3.86 ± 0.56	-0.040 ± 0.130	0.73 ± 0.06	-0.067 ± 0.070	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.031 ± 0.053	0.71 ± 0.10	-0.058 ± 0.069	0.518 ± 0.132	0.519 ± 0.233	2.58 ± 0.39	-0.114 ± 0.186	2.91 ± 0.31	0.007 ± 0.143
AnatCL (Local)	cat12	0.707 ± 0.063	0.783 ± 0.058	1.85 ± 0.10	0.556 ± 0.056	3.34 ± 0.40	0.178 ± 0.049	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.023 ± 0.012	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.025 ± 0.019	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.027 ± 0.056	0.500 ± 0.000	0.507 ± 0.055	0.765 ± 0.024	0.868 ± 0.024	6.19 ± 0.47	0.823 ± 0.023	3.92 ± 0.25	0.197 ± 0.019	0.84 ± 0.07	-0.383 ± 0.398	0.85 ± 0.10	-0.050 ± 0.122	0.44 ± 0.11	-2.831 ± 3.173	0.500 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.047	0.719 ± 0.059	0.812 ± 0.054	1.83 ± 0.09	0.619 ± 0.031	3.70 ± 0.39	0.096 ± 0.066	0.481 ± 0.022	0.518 ± 0.053	0.79 ± 0.05	0.029 ± 0.031	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.020 ± 0.021	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.028 ± 0.024	0.498 ± 0.002	0.533 ± 0.058	0.659 ± 0.064	0.733 ± 0.067	1.33 ± 0.06	0.141 ± 0.063	3.83 ± 0.46	0.001 ± 0.072	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.064 ± 0.037	0.74 ± 0.08	-0.037 ± 0.036	0.69 ± 0.10	-0.037 ± 0.060	0.472 ± 0.197	0.497 ± 0.202	2.53 ± 0.42	-0.042 ± 0.211	3.22 ± 0.36	-0.206 ± 0.135
BrainIAC	turboprep	0.744 ± 0.034	0.827 ± 0.026	2.61 ± 0.07	0.200 ± 0.049	3.59 ± 0.49	0.069 ± 0.072	0.82 ± 0.09	-0.045 ± 0.040	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.021 ± 0.015	0.81 ± 0.04	-0.019 ± 0.008	0.494 ± 0.005	0.528 ± 0.052	0.810 ± 0.031	0.898 ± 0.021	13.96 ± 0.59	0.269 ± 0.034	4.16 ± 0.25	0.108 ± 0.025	0.80 ± 0.08	-0.285 ± 0.228	0.84 ± 0.18	-0.047 ± 0.183	0.37 ± 0.10	-1.199 ± 1.144	0.500 ± 0.000	0.512 ± 0.074	0.768 ± 0.038	0.834 ± 0.039	2.91 ± 0.09	0.113 ± 0.039	3.86 ± 0.35	0.034 ± 0.046	0.497 ± 0.017	0.490 ± 0.063	0.80 ± 0.03	-0.001 ± 0.020	0.87 ± 0.04	-0.013 ± 0.017	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.027 ± 0.028	0.503 ± 0.016	0.523 ± 0.019	0.716 ± 0.042	0.756 ± 0.062	1.47 ± 0.10	0.016 ± 0.042	3.67 ± 0.40	0.067 ± 0.105	0.74 ± 0.08	-0.089 ± 0.051	0.72 ± 0.08	0.002 ± 0.027	0.70 ± 0.10	-0.052 ± 0.023	0.604 ± 0.144	0.592 ± 0.139	2.69 ± 0.40	-0.155 ± 0.173	3.13 ± 0.24	-0.112 ± 0.085
BrainIAC	turboprep-affine	0.604 ± 0.065	0.632 ± 0.084	2.53 ± 0.06	0.227 ± 0.020	3.52 ± 0.41	0.118 ± 0.066	0.81 ± 0.08	-0.017 ± 0.018	0.86 ± 0.06	-0.021 ± 0.038	0.81 ± 0.05	-0.033 ± 0.025	0.493 ± 0.007	0.597 ± 0.109	0.566 ± 0.043	0.648 ± 0.060	13.36 ± 0.69	0.346 ± 0.037	4.01 ± 0.19	0.152 ± 0.060	0.74 ± 0.08	-0.147 ± 0.219	0.87 ± 0.12	-0.182 ± 0.136	0.46 ± 0.13	-3.139 ± 3.225	0.495 ± 0.004	0.433 ± 0.124	0.599 ± 0.036	0.657 ± 0.040	2.73 ± 0.14	0.207 ± 0.068	3.80 ± 0.41	0.056 ± 0.042	0.492 ± 0.013	0.505 ± 0.035	0.81 ± 0.04	-0.020 ± 0.020	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.015 ± 0.041	0.63 ± 0.03	-0.041 ± 0.052	0.502 ± 0.013	0.543 ± 0.044	0.560 ± 0.049	0.593 ± 0.049	1.40 ± 0.08	0.074 ± 0.092	3.66 ± 0.36	0.022 ± 0.050	0.73 ± 0.06	-0.071 ± 0.070	0.74 ± 0.07	-0.050 ± 0.084	0.69 ± 0.12	-0.044 ± 0.087	0.540 ± 0.090	0.497 ± 0.135	2.58 ± 0.39	-0.095 ± 0.140	3.17 ± 0.45	-0.166 ± 0.046
Dinov3D-neuro	turboprep	0.696 ± 0.041	0.781 ± 0.028	1.96 ± 0.11	0.510 ± 0.026	3.23 ± 0.27	0.230 ± 0.044	0.83 ± 0.09	-0.048 ± 0.034	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.015 ± 0.034	0.80 ± 0.04	-0.013 ± 0.029	0.499 ± 0.002	0.540 ± 0.052	0.757 ± 0.045	0.864 ± 0.042	8.29 ± 0.57	0.696 ± 0.067	3.69 ± 0.12	0.318 ± 0.049	0.80 ± 0.07	-0.171 ± 0.224	0.81 ± 0.15	0.009 ± 0.181	0.43 ± 0.13	-1.893 ± 2.275	0.500 ± 0.000	0.451 ± 0.059	0.738 ± 0.040	0.796 ± 0.042	2.14 ± 0.14	0.488 ± 0.038	3.67 ± 0.34	0.125 ± 0.073	0.501 ± 0.009	0.480 ± 0.052	0.80 ± 0.04	0.008 ± 0.026	0.86 ± 0.02	-0.006 ± 0.024	0.61 ± 0.01	-0.008 ± 0.028	0.499 ± 0.002	0.455 ± 0.085	0.656 ± 0.044	0.731 ± 0.050	1.41 ± 0.11	0.053 ± 0.040	3.80 ± 0.34	0.037 ± 0.073	0.71 ± 0.07	-0.014 ± 0.045	0.72 ± 0.07	-0.011 ± 0.036	0.70 ± 0.10	-0.040 ± 0.047	0.529 ± 0.169	0.561 ± 0.160	2.63 ± 0.35	-0.135 ± 0.196	2.84 ± 0.42	0.001 ± 0.081
Dinov3D-neuro	turboprep-affine	0.634 ± 0.028	0.672 ± 0.021	2.16 ± 0.16	0.419 ± 0.035	3.39 ± 0.39	0.158 ± 0.046	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.033 ± 0.033	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.003 ± 0.037	0.79 ± 0.03	0.001 ± 0.017	0.500 ± 0.000	0.512 ± 0.045	0.674 ± 0.047	0.780 ± 0.062	8.86 ± 0.30	0.692 ± 0.049	3.72 ± 0.20	0.272 ± 0.007	0.79 ± 0.04	-0.185 ± 0.382	0.84 ± 0.15	-0.059 ± 0.193	0.39 ± 0.11	-2.342 ± 3.510	0.500 ± 0.000	0.462 ± 0.059	0.710 ± 0.035	0.803 ± 0.026	2.21 ± 0.10	0.461 ± 0.033	3.66 ± 0.39	0.139 ± 0.025	0.497 ± 0.005	0.492 ± 0.025	0.81 ± 0.03	-0.001 ± 0.024	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.017 ± 0.010	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.016 ± 0.014	0.504 ± 0.011	0.422 ± 0.039	0.612 ± 0.048	0.683 ± 0.054	1.37 ± 0.11	0.101 ± 0.045	3.76 ± 0.33	0.009 ± 0.044	0.74 ± 0.06	-0.058 ± 0.079	0.71 ± 0.07	0.025 ± 0.052	0.68 ± 0.11	0.001 ± 0.030	0.526 ± 0.145	0.542 ± 0.180	2.60 ± 0.39	-0.058 ± 0.198	3.01 ± 0.25	-0.093 ± 0.122
FS aparc	freesurfer	0.740 ± 0.034	0.824 ± 0.020	2.13 ± 0.17	0.448 ± 0.034	3.51 ± 0.31	0.115 ± 0.037	0.81 ± 0.08	-0.022 ± 0.016	0.86 ± 0.04	-0.028 ± 0.019	0.79 ± 0.06	-0.019 ± 0.052	0.499 ± 0.002	0.513 ± 0.074	0.770 ± 0.023	0.862 ± 0.026	9.09 ± 0.63	0.662 ± 0.024	3.99 ± 0.36	0.193 ± 0.045	0.77 ± 0.08	-0.158 ± 0.240	0.90 ± 0.11	-0.169 ± 0.257	0.43 ± 0.12	-2.732 ± 3.705	0.500 ± 0.000	0.500 ± 0.109	0.755 ± 0.031	0.842 ± 0.044	2.15 ± 0.04	0.484 ± 0.046	3.64 ± 0.38	0.117 ± 0.030	0.493 ± 0.018	0.528 ± 0.037	0.79 ± 0.04	0.043 ± 0.029	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.006 ± 0.009	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.015 ± 0.015	0.501 ± 0.010	0.471 ± 0.050	0.722 ± 0.068	0.777 ± 0.057	1.40 ± 0.12	0.103 ± 0.052	3.85 ± 0.56	-0.006 ± 0.121	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.048 ± 0.053	0.73 ± 0.09	-0.011 ± 0.044	0.70 ± 0.10	-0.053 ± 0.055	0.574 ± 0.104	0.556 ± 0.124	2.57 ± 0.45	-0.092 ± 0.135	3.07 ± 0.36	-0.115 ± 0.085
FS Schaefer	freesurfer	0.736 ± 0.028	0.829 ± 0.019	2.16 ± 0.19	0.425 ± 0.062	3.44 ± 0.31	0.137 ± 0.049	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.034 ± 0.020	0.87 ± 0.05	-0.042 ± 0.014	0.79 ± 0.05	-0.009 ± 0.046	0.500 ± 0.000	0.516 ± 0.088	0.740 ± 0.016	0.862 ± 0.019	8.29 ± 0.38	0.722 ± 0.016	3.99 ± 0.35	0.203 ± 0.045	0.76 ± 0.06	-0.181 ± 0.266	0.91 ± 0.09	-0.188 ± 0.088	0.41 ± 0.11	-2.261 ± 2.680	0.500 ± 0.000	0.603 ± 0.052	0.776 ± 0.044	0.850 ± 0.044	2.00 ± 0.04	0.543 ± 0.041	3.44 ± 0.34	0.201 ± 0.025	0.499 ± 0.002	0.535 ± 0.033	0.79 ± 0.04	0.036 ± 0.036	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.010 ± 0.005	0.61 ± 0.02	-0.011 ± 0.015	0.500 ± 0.000	0.494 ± 0.058	0.688 ± 0.077	0.774 ± 0.071	1.39 ± 0.13	0.118 ± 0.064	3.88 ± 0.51	-0.071 ± 0.092	0.74 ± 0.07	-0.075 ± 0.041	0.73 ± 0.09	-0.021 ± 0.037	0.71 ± 0.11	-0.066 ± 0.044	0.482 ± 0.143	0.483 ± 0.182	2.48 ± 0.49	-0.017 ± 0.146	2.95 ± 0.30	-0.053 ± 0.100
NiChart-Brain2Vec	raw	0.727 ± 0.048	0.811 ± 0.039	1.49 ± 0.09	0.700 ± 0.040	3.01 ± 0.27	0.293 ± 0.054	0.82 ± 0.07	-0.031 ± 0.040	0.87 ± 0.04	-0.042 ± 0.044	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.025 ± 0.031	0.498 ± 0.003	0.582 ± 0.106	0.856 ± 0.044	0.933 ± 0.021	4.83 ± 0.43	0.890 ± 0.029	2.98 ± 0.28	0.533 ± 0.033	0.79 ± 0.03	-0.273 ± 0.287	0.87 ± 0.15	-0.067 ± 0.159	0.42 ± 0.12	-1.808 ± 1.507	0.500 ± 0.000	0.548 ± 0.140	0.801 ± 0.051	0.871 ± 0.041	1.54 ± 0.10	0.711 ± 0.023	2.97 ± 0.29	0.379 ± 0.082	0.489 ± 0.013	0.533 ± 0.040	0.78 ± 0.04	0.040 ± 0.046	0.86 ± 0.02	-0.008 ± 0.024	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.014 ± 0.019	0.499 ± 0.002	0.493 ± 0.057	0.652 ± 0.053	0.778 ± 0.063	1.35 ± 0.07	0.144 ± 0.072	3.45 ± 0.32	0.177 ± 0.068	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.059 ± 0.031	0.69 ± 0.07	0.061 ± 0.060	0.69 ± 0.11	-0.013 ± 0.010	0.460 ± 0.108	0.447 ± 0.175	2.78 ± 0.63	-0.214 ± 0.301	3.08 ± 0.26	-0.165 ± 0.268
SwinBrain	turboprep	0.744 ± 0.038	0.835 ± 0.029	2.39 ± 0.11	0.278 ± 0.073	3.41 ± 0.36	0.146 ± 0.042	0.83 ± 0.08	-0.046 ± 0.005	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.007 ± 0.015	0.81 ± 0.05	-0.013 ± 0.035	0.507 ± 0.017	0.535 ± 0.040	0.855 ± 0.023	0.922 ± 0.016	9.47 ± 0.54	0.623 ± 0.026	3.97 ± 0.20	0.165 ± 0.034	0.78 ± 0.07	-0.267 ± 0.269	0.83 ± 0.16	-0.029 ± 0.138	0.46 ± 0.12	-3.470 ± 4.542	0.500 ± 0.000	0.435 ± 0.106	0.771 ± 0.031	0.842 ± 0.037	2.63 ± 0.10	0.261 ± 0.042	3.70 ± 0.42	0.113 ± 0.027	0.499 ± 0.029	0.489 ± 0.053	0.79 ± 0.04	0.015 ± 0.024	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.005 ± 0.023	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.015 ± 0.042	0.499 ± 0.002	0.507 ± 0.078	0.717 ± 0.030	0.765 ± 0.045	1.40 ± 0.09	0.078 ± 0.053	3.99 ± 0.70	-0.160 ± 0.325	0.73 ± 0.07	-0.048 ± 0.076	0.73 ± 0.10	-0.003 ± 0.036	0.68 ± 0.10	-0.020 ± 0.032	0.556 ± 0.049	0.597 ± 0.086	2.59 ± 0.32	-0.085 ± 0.191	3.02 ± 0.29	-0.085 ± 0.216
SwinBrain	turboprep-affine	0.661 ± 0.040	0.735 ± 0.043	2.13 ± 0.05	0.425 ± 0.037	3.27 ± 0.38	0.194 ± 0.031	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.031 ± 0.053	0.86 ± 0.04	0.001 ± 0.034	0.78 ± 0.05	0.029 ± 0.032	0.500 ± 0.000	0.523 ± 0.018	0.684 ± 0.043	0.809 ± 0.027	9.02 ± 0.31	0.654 ± 0.050	3.95 ± 0.21	0.184 ± 0.027	0.75 ± 0.10	-0.079 ± 0.237	0.83 ± 0.11	-0.012 ± 0.092	0.42 ± 0.12	-2.048 ± 2.514	0.500 ± 0.000	0.398 ± 0.093	0.738 ± 0.034	0.806 ± 0.031	2.37 ± 0.08	0.389 ± 0.040	3.51 ± 0.40	0.203 ± 0.047	0.497 ± 0.005	0.483 ± 0.037	0.80 ± 0.04	0.007 ± 0.030	0.86 ± 0.03	0.006 ± 0.016	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.012 ± 0.028	0.499 ± 0.002	0.498 ± 0.062	0.627 ± 0.052	0.633 ± 0.089	1.38 ± 0.11	0.131 ± 0.055	3.69 ± 0.44	0.061 ± 0.049	0.70 ± 0.06	0.005 ± 0.040	0.71 ± 0.08	0.006 ± 0.034	0.71 ± 0.11	-0.042 ± 0.044	0.412 ± 0.100	0.400 ± 0.111	2.53 ± 0.33	-0.088 ± 0.224	3.00 ± 0.32	-0.105 ± 0.035
un-CNN †	turboprep	0.772 ± 0.043	0.836 ± 0.039	1.42 ± 0.08	0.741 ± 0.017	2.70 ± 0.33	0.427 ± 0.063	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.017 ± 0.018	0.86 ± 0.05	-0.019 ± 0.038	0.80 ± 0.04	-0.023 ± 0.054	0.509 ± 0.018	0.537 ± 0.046	0.857 ± 0.032	0.951 ± 0.017	5.11 ± 0.22	0.868 ± 0.018	3.13 ± 0.11	0.461 ± 0.079	0.75 ± 0.03	-0.171 ± 0.368	0.87 ± 0.14	-0.110 ± 0.168	0.37 ± 0.12	-1.519 ± 1.482	0.500 ± 0.000	0.559 ± 0.049	0.787 ± 0.034	0.874 ± 0.032	1.60 ± 0.07	0.697 ± 0.012	2.97 ± 0.26	0.404 ± 0.059	0.512 ± 0.031	0.549 ± 0.033	0.78 ± 0.04	0.049 ± 0.057	0.87 ± 0.03	-0.015 ± 0.018	0.62 ± 0.02	-0.008 ± 0.022	0.507 ± 0.016	0.516 ± 0.027	0.741 ± 0.048	0.806 ± 0.053	1.26 ± 0.06	0.251 ± 0.048	3.31 ± 0.13	0.241 ± 0.088	0.71 ± 0.06	-0.032 ± 0.036	0.70 ± 0.06	0.032 ± 0.085	0.67 ± 0.11	0.020 ± 0.026	0.575 ± 0.158	0.594 ± 0.223	2.59 ± 0.43	-0.093 ± 0.158	3.02 ± 0.29	-0.108 ± 0.153
un-CNN †	turboprep-affine	0.692 ± 0.027	0.779 ± 0.022	1.44 ± 0.05	0.723 ± 0.024	2.77 ± 0.21	0.384 ± 0.057	0.82 ± 0.08	-0.032 ± 0.016	0.85 ± 0.06	0.003 ± 0.058	0.80 ± 0.05	-0.009 ± 0.040	0.500 ± 0.000	0.496 ± 0.086	0.812 ± 0.029	0.922 ± 0.028	5.37 ± 0.51	0.863 ± 0.032	2.60 ± 0.15	0.615 ± 0.008	0.79 ± 0.03	-0.275 ± 0.361	0.85 ± 0.15	-0.082 ± 0.248	0.41 ± 0.13	-2.069 ± 1.855	0.500 ± 0.000	0.552 ± 0.123	0.779 ± 0.034	0.863 ± 0.021	1.59 ± 0.04	0.700 ± 0.009	2.74 ± 0.25	0.479 ± 0.038	0.511 ± 0.013	0.543 ± 0.037	0.79 ± 0.04	0.032 ± 0.041	0.86 ± 0.03	-0.007 ± 0.015	0.62 ± 0.03	-0.027 ± 0.023	0.505 ± 0.010	0.481 ± 0.041	0.664 ± 0.034	0.741 ± 0.044	1.31 ± 0.10	0.196 ± 0.076	3.37 ± 0.38	0.232 ± 0.067	0.71 ± 0.06	0.018 ± 0.034	0.71 ± 0.07	0.044 ± 0.050	0.69 ± 0.10	-0.026 ± 0.032	0.443 ± 0.142	0.508 ± 0.196	2.61 ± 0.46	-0.110 ± 0.205	3.10 ± 0.30	-0.129 ± 0.156

Model ⇅

Preprocessing ⇅

HBN

NKI

PNC

BHRC

CCNP

Sex

Age

BMI

p factor

Internalizing

Externalizing

Handedness

Sex

Age

BMI

p factor

Internalizing

Externalizing

Handedness

Sex

Age

BMI

p factor ≠ 0

p factor

Internalizing

Externalizing

Handedness

Sex

Age

BMI

p factor

Internalizing

Externalizing

Sex

Age

BMI

p factor

Internalizing

Externalizing

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

bal acc ↑ ⇅

AUC ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

MAE ↓ ⇅

R² ↑ ⇅

Linear probe

3D-Neuro-SimCLR

turboprep

0.776 ± 0.034

0.856 ± 0.023

1.37 ± 0.13

0.745 ± 0.056

2.84 ± 0.23

0.338 ± 0.183

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.021 ± 0.007

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.023 ± 0.050

0.78 ± 0.04

0.017 ± 0.038

0.500 ± 0.000

0.458 ± 0.048

0.892 ± 0.021

0.964 ± 0.013

5.85 ± 0.41

0.854 ± 0.026

3.38 ± 0.21

0.316 ± 0.080

0.78 ± 0.09

-0.182 ± 0.172

0.88 ± 0.13

-0.081 ± 0.095

0.37 ± 0.11

-1.078 ± 1.284

0.499 ± 0.002

0.477 ± 0.053

0.840 ± 0.019

0.911 ± 0.027

1.64 ± 0.11

0.382 ± 0.629

3.25 ± 0.36

-0.337 ± 0.859

0.498 ± 0.002

0.505 ± 0.030

0.79 ± 0.04

0.037 ± 0.028

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.005 ± 0.007

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.003 ± 0.006

0.500 ± 0.000

0.564 ± 0.047

0.769 ± 0.055

0.821 ± 0.058

1.41 ± 0.19

-0.231 ± 0.755

3.61 ± 0.59

-0.012 ± 0.404

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.021 ± 0.048

0.72 ± 0.09

0.018 ± 0.045

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.025 ± 0.015

0.504 ± 0.059

0.572 ± 0.146

2.60 ± 0.44

-0.074 ± 0.106

2.95 ± 0.28

-0.055 ± 0.071

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.026 ± 0.025

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.056 ± 0.055

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.096 ± 0.127

3D-Neuro-SimCLR

turboprep-affine

0.784 ± 0.022

0.873 ± 0.015

1.16 ± 0.11

0.819 ± 0.034

2.55 ± 0.20

0.485 ± 0.073

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.020 ± 0.010

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.015 ± 0.027

0.78 ± 0.04

0.017 ± 0.031

0.500 ± 0.000

0.466 ± 0.092

0.861 ± 0.043

0.935 ± 0.027

5.48 ± 0.40

0.868 ± 0.025

2.50 ± 0.27

0.660 ± 0.061

0.81 ± 0.06

-0.249 ± 0.274

0.89 ± 0.12

-0.110 ± 0.085

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.118 ± 1.276

0.500 ± 0.000

0.603 ± 0.081

0.818 ± 0.033

0.914 ± 0.016

1.64 ± 0.07

0.680 ± 0.012

2.52 ± 0.19

0.545 ± 0.067

0.500 ± 0.000

0.507 ± 0.048

0.79 ± 0.04

0.022 ± 0.018

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.003 ± 0.013

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.006 ± 0.006

0.500 ± 0.000

0.491 ± 0.025

0.746 ± 0.065

0.815 ± 0.053

1.24 ± 0.09

0.295 ± 0.044

3.52 ± 0.49

-0.107 ± 0.538

0.72 ± 0.06

-0.022 ± 0.053

0.70 ± 0.09

0.054 ± 0.025

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.013 ± 0.011

0.469 ± 0.061

0.628 ± 0.180

2.53 ± 0.45

-0.032 ± 0.102

3.09 ± 0.30

-0.148 ± 0.283

0.73 ± 0.10

-0.020 ± 0.028

0.50 ± 0.04

-0.108 ± 0.156

0.63 ± 0.10

-0.151 ± 0.273

AnatCL (Global)

cat12

0.783 ± 0.035

0.849 ± 0.045

1.61 ± 0.10

0.661 ± 0.045

3.21 ± 0.33

0.206 ± 0.061

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.018 ± 0.009

0.86 ± 0.04

-0.008 ± 0.019

0.78 ± 0.04

0.011 ± 0.037

0.500 ± 0.000

0.496 ± 0.052

0.799 ± 0.032

0.906 ± 0.010

6.25 ± 0.17

0.837 ± 0.007

3.87 ± 0.20

0.208 ± 0.031

0.81 ± 0.08

-0.218 ± 0.213

0.88 ± 0.12

-0.085 ± 0.084

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.327 ± 1.584

0.500 ± 0.000

0.587 ± 0.076

0.799 ± 0.036

0.877 ± 0.028

1.68 ± 0.08

0.669 ± 0.029

3.66 ± 0.27

0.121 ± 0.100

0.500 ± 0.000

0.533 ± 0.056

0.79 ± 0.05

0.044 ± 0.027

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.007 ± 0.008

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.003 ± 0.007

0.500 ± 0.000

0.566 ± 0.046

0.755 ± 0.066

0.786 ± 0.076

1.35 ± 0.08

0.156 ± 0.063

3.71 ± 0.47

0.015 ± 0.068

0.71 ± 0.05

-0.021 ± 0.057

0.73 ± 0.08

-0.017 ± 0.031

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.015 ± 0.010

0.461 ± 0.086

0.492 ± 0.105

2.55 ± 0.38

-0.056 ± 0.097

2.95 ± 0.28

-0.064 ± 0.067

0.73 ± 0.10

-0.023 ± 0.031

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.060 ± 0.053

0.60 ± 0.11

-0.042 ± 0.136

AnatCL (Local)

cat12

0.762 ± 0.028

0.840 ± 0.037

1.63 ± 0.07

0.642 ± 0.058

3.13 ± 0.34

0.227 ± 0.055

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.013 ± 0.015

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.013 ± 0.022

0.79 ± 0.04

0.004 ± 0.038

0.500 ± 0.000

0.519 ± 0.076

0.804 ± 0.016

0.901 ± 0.012

6.22 ± 0.23

0.836 ± 0.011

3.71 ± 0.24

0.276 ± 0.021

0.80 ± 0.08

-0.193 ± 0.169

0.87 ± 0.13

-0.060 ± 0.108

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.211 ± 1.414

0.500 ± 0.000

0.589 ± 0.078

0.829 ± 0.035

0.906 ± 0.030

1.69 ± 0.05

0.661 ± 0.026

3.64 ± 0.34

0.139 ± 0.100

0.500 ± 0.000

0.540 ± 0.057

0.78 ± 0.04

0.046 ± 0.030

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.003 ± 0.007

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.004 ± 0.007

0.500 ± 0.000

0.505 ± 0.023

0.709 ± 0.070

0.776 ± 0.092

1.32 ± 0.12

0.185 ± 0.062

3.70 ± 0.46

0.036 ± 0.046

0.73 ± 0.06

-0.046 ± 0.026

0.72 ± 0.08

0.003 ± 0.024

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.017 ± 0.013

0.436 ± 0.111

0.428 ± 0.141

2.53 ± 0.37

-0.037 ± 0.131

2.95 ± 0.29

-0.052 ± 0.070

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.024 ± 0.028

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.060 ± 0.054

0.59 ± 0.12

-0.019 ± 0.116

BrainIAC

turboprep

0.782 ± 0.041

0.854 ± 0.031

2.38 ± 0.15

0.329 ± 0.057

3.18 ± 0.42

0.248 ± 0.088

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.019 ± 0.011

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.007 ± 0.014

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.014 ± 0.020

0.500 ± 0.000

0.432 ± 0.033

0.842 ± 0.036

0.924 ± 0.026

10.15 ± 0.24

0.567 ± 0.051

3.87 ± 0.20

0.220 ± 0.093

0.78 ± 0.09

-0.157 ± 0.176

0.85 ± 0.14

-0.040 ± 0.114

0.39 ± 0.12

-1.099 ± 1.168

0.500 ± 0.000

0.546 ± 0.058

0.773 ± 0.028

0.858 ± 0.029

2.46 ± 0.06

0.326 ± 0.047

3.50 ± 0.30

0.205 ± 0.066

0.500 ± 0.000

0.520 ± 0.043

0.80 ± 0.03

0.012 ± 0.022

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.006 ± 0.006

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.000 ± 0.004

0.500 ± 0.000

0.567 ± 0.024

0.679 ± 0.041

0.754 ± 0.021

1.44 ± 0.08

0.075 ± 0.034

3.54 ± 0.40

0.097 ± 0.095

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.034 ± 0.031

0.71 ± 0.08

0.021 ± 0.019

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.008 ± 0.018

0.576 ± 0.150

0.553 ± 0.155

2.59 ± 0.41

-0.074 ± 0.087

2.94 ± 0.29

-0.049 ± 0.073

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.028 ± 0.022

0.50 ± 0.03

-0.088 ± 0.103

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.116 ± 0.131

BrainIAC

turboprep-affine

0.678 ± 0.048

0.736 ± 0.054

1.95 ± 0.13

0.484 ± 0.048

3.10 ± 0.37

0.293 ± 0.075

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.015 ± 0.014

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.007 ± 0.009

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.014 ± 0.026

0.500 ± 0.000

0.598 ± 0.070

0.750 ± 0.045

0.827 ± 0.047

8.96 ± 0.18

0.668 ± 0.021

3.64 ± 0.23

0.316 ± 0.045

0.73 ± 0.13

-0.239 ± 0.240

0.87 ± 0.14

-0.084 ± 0.098

0.39 ± 0.11

-1.133 ± 1.231

0.500 ± 0.000

0.424 ± 0.055

0.744 ± 0.057

0.835 ± 0.039

2.17 ± 0.13

0.459 ± 0.061

3.43 ± 0.41

0.245 ± 0.058

0.500 ± 0.000

0.492 ± 0.053

0.81 ± 0.04

-0.005 ± 0.020

0.86 ± 0.03

0.009 ± 0.024

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.001 ± 0.012

0.500 ± 0.000

0.540 ± 0.035

0.667 ± 0.042

0.734 ± 0.059

1.41 ± 0.08

0.072 ± 0.065

3.62 ± 0.34

0.077 ± 0.030

0.72 ± 0.06

-0.012 ± 0.024

0.71 ± 0.07

0.016 ± 0.036

0.68 ± 0.11

-0.003 ± 0.022

0.474 ± 0.039

0.494 ± 0.074

2.58 ± 0.41

-0.064 ± 0.070

2.94 ± 0.30

-0.051 ± 0.072

0.73 ± 0.10

-0.023 ± 0.040

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.053 ± 0.050

0.66 ± 0.16

-0.209 ± 0.235

Dinov3D-neuro

turboprep

0.727 ± 0.030

0.828 ± 0.031

1.42 ± 0.09

0.730 ± 0.042

2.68 ± 0.26

0.442 ± 0.061

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.021 ± 0.013

0.85 ± 0.05

-0.002 ± 0.032

0.80 ± 0.04

-0.004 ± 0.037

0.500 ± 0.000

0.526 ± 0.056

0.846 ± 0.030

0.939 ± 0.019

6.03 ± 0.23

0.844 ± 0.023

3.26 ± 0.10

0.432 ± 0.055

0.80 ± 0.09

-0.158 ± 0.145

0.85 ± 0.13

-0.176 ± 0.132

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.084 ± 1.180

0.500 ± 0.000

0.512 ± 0.064

0.796 ± 0.036

0.878 ± 0.042

1.58 ± 0.09

0.707 ± 0.027

3.20 ± 0.26

0.317 ± 0.105

0.500 ± 0.000

0.489 ± 0.054

0.80 ± 0.03

0.015 ± 0.038

0.87 ± 0.02

-0.013 ± 0.028

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.006 ± 0.011

0.500 ± 0.000

0.477 ± 0.061

0.682 ± 0.068

0.751 ± 0.080

1.38 ± 0.15

0.120 ± 0.093

3.53 ± 0.44

0.152 ± 0.055

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.013 ± 0.018

0.71 ± 0.08

0.042 ± 0.025

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.016 ± 0.011

0.568 ± 0.113

0.553 ± 0.136

2.59 ± 0.37

-0.081 ± 0.080

2.92 ± 0.27

-0.054 ± 0.051

0.74 ± 0.11

-0.050 ± 0.059

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.050 ± 0.054

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.126 ± 0.149

Dinov3D-neuro

turboprep-affine

0.703 ± 0.041

0.784 ± 0.026

1.43 ± 0.11

0.729 ± 0.052

2.96 ± 0.21

0.282 ± 0.081

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.020 ± 0.015

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.004 ± 0.036

0.79 ± 0.04

-0.001 ± 0.013

0.500 ± 0.000

0.524 ± 0.089

0.759 ± 0.040

0.859 ± 0.014

6.47 ± 0.51

0.827 ± 0.036

3.07 ± 0.26

0.511 ± 0.026

0.76 ± 0.06

-0.144 ± 0.261

0.86 ± 0.13

-0.085 ± 0.166

0.38 ± 0.12

-1.054 ± 1.181

0.500 ± 0.000

0.527 ± 0.056

0.789 ± 0.045

0.874 ± 0.028

1.61 ± 0.05

0.689 ± 0.024

3.10 ± 0.41

0.377 ± 0.043

0.500 ± 0.000

0.512 ± 0.027

0.80 ± 0.03

0.011 ± 0.020

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.009 ± 0.010

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.011 ± 0.014

0.500 ± 0.000

0.411 ± 0.045

0.669 ± 0.052

0.734 ± 0.050

1.30 ± 0.11

0.200 ± 0.059

3.42 ± 0.28

0.196 ± 0.118

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.017 ± 0.027

0.71 ± 0.08

-0.000 ± 0.040

0.68 ± 0.10

-0.007 ± 0.038

0.503 ± 0.136

0.522 ± 0.134

2.63 ± 0.33

-0.087 ± 0.192

2.94 ± 0.28

-0.055 ± 0.071

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.034 ± 0.041

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.057 ± 0.059

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.120 ± 0.195

FS aparc

freesurfer

0.819 ± 0.028

0.888 ± 0.033

1.91 ± 0.13

0.524 ± 0.061

3.34 ± 0.26

0.183 ± 0.037

0.82 ± 0.09

-0.036 ± 0.020

0.87 ± 0.05

-0.031 ± 0.008

0.79 ± 0.05

0.006 ± 0.030

0.500 ± 0.000

0.498 ± 0.083

0.822 ± 0.045

0.908 ± 0.027

7.69 ± 0.54

0.753 ± 0.023

3.89 ± 0.26

0.250 ± 0.048

0.76 ± 0.09

-0.102 ± 0.110

0.88 ± 0.13

-0.089 ± 0.096

0.39 ± 0.11

-1.097 ± 1.178

0.500 ± 0.000

0.517 ± 0.059

0.821 ± 0.028

0.899 ± 0.020

1.91 ± 0.06

0.577 ± 0.043

3.48 ± 0.24

0.204 ± 0.063

0.500 ± 0.000

0.545 ± 0.062

0.79 ± 0.04

0.033 ± 0.026

0.86 ± 0.02

-0.001 ± 0.016

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.008 ± 0.006

0.500 ± 0.000

0.504 ± 0.030

0.750 ± 0.033

0.811 ± 0.037

1.35 ± 0.12

0.165 ± 0.038

3.77 ± 0.43

0.023 ± 0.069

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.020 ± 0.013

0.72 ± 0.09

0.015 ± 0.028

0.70 ± 0.10

-0.028 ± 0.027

0.433 ± 0.084

0.489 ± 0.160

2.54 ± 0.46

-0.058 ± 0.091

2.99 ± 0.27

-0.088 ± 0.090

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.026 ± 0.027

0.51 ± 0.07

-0.113 ± 0.109

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.112 ± 0.147

FS Schaefer

freesurfer

0.833 ± 0.020

0.891 ± 0.027

1.74 ± 0.14

0.589 ± 0.068

3.18 ± 0.26

0.235 ± 0.037

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.027 ± 0.012

0.87 ± 0.05

-0.031 ± 0.021

0.79 ± 0.05

0.006 ± 0.036

0.500 ± 0.000

0.529 ± 0.087

0.834 ± 0.018

0.929 ± 0.018

6.68 ± 0.30

0.816 ± 0.018

3.76 ± 0.23

0.286 ± 0.032

0.76 ± 0.09

-0.109 ± 0.128

0.88 ± 0.12

-0.092 ± 0.092

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.106 ± 1.202

0.500 ± 0.000

0.530 ± 0.068

0.858 ± 0.015

0.940 ± 0.015

1.76 ± 0.08

0.644 ± 0.029

3.27 ± 0.25

0.257 ± 0.083

0.500 ± 0.000

0.542 ± 0.067

0.79 ± 0.04

0.034 ± 0.026

0.85 ± 0.02

0.011 ± 0.023

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.007 ± 0.009

0.500 ± 0.000

0.506 ± 0.041

0.767 ± 0.041

0.831 ± 0.046

1.32 ± 0.10

0.192 ± 0.050

3.64 ± 0.51

0.048 ± 0.123

0.73 ± 0.06

-0.026 ± 0.013

0.71 ± 0.09

0.016 ± 0.037

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.014 ± 0.013

0.450 ± 0.058

0.511 ± 0.108

2.54 ± 0.49

-0.044 ± 0.105

2.94 ± 0.29

-0.051 ± 0.071

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.024 ± 0.026

0.50 ± 0.05

-0.078 ± 0.056

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.110 ± 0.161

NiChart-Brain2Vec

raw

0.793 ± 0.037

0.876 ± 0.024

1.20 ± 0.07

0.796 ± 0.037

2.52 ± 0.21

0.524 ± 0.073

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.021 ± 0.011

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.028 ± 0.020

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.010 ± 0.035

0.500 ± 0.000

0.522 ± 0.078

0.881 ± 0.031

0.958 ± 0.011

4.78 ± 0.22

0.906 ± 0.014

2.35 ± 0.25

0.709 ± 0.040

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.226 ± 0.242

0.88 ± 0.12

-0.113 ± 0.098

0.39 ± 0.11

-1.128 ± 1.180

0.499 ± 0.002

0.581 ± 0.100

0.866 ± 0.026

0.941 ± 0.024

1.41 ± 0.04

0.763 ± 0.024

2.57 ± 0.23

0.556 ± 0.067

0.497 ± 0.005

0.527 ± 0.046

0.79 ± 0.04

0.037 ± 0.033

0.85 ± 0.02

0.009 ± 0.017

0.62 ± 0.02

0.004 ± 0.010

0.500 ± 0.000

0.480 ± 0.054

0.750 ± 0.096

0.836 ± 0.101

1.34 ± 0.06

0.183 ± 0.073

3.08 ± 0.19

0.297 ± 0.062

0.72 ± 0.06

-0.007 ± 0.021

0.69 ± 0.08

0.062 ± 0.055

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.013 ± 0.011

0.500 ± 0.089

0.408 ± 0.120

2.61 ± 0.51

-0.080 ± 0.131

2.99 ± 0.23

-0.097 ± 0.087

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.026 ± 0.027

0.50 ± 0.03

-0.116 ± 0.164

0.61 ± 0.11

-0.099 ± 0.163

SwinBrain

turboprep

0.788 ± 0.030

0.867 ± 0.020

1.93 ± 0.21

0.503 ± 0.080

2.99 ± 0.45

0.358 ± 0.059

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.019 ± 0.010

0.87 ± 0.04

-0.017 ± 0.018

0.79 ± 0.05

0.008 ± 0.052

0.500 ± 0.000

0.483 ± 0.046

0.876 ± 0.043

0.962 ± 0.017

8.98 ± 0.76

0.657 ± 0.078

3.54 ± 0.14

0.330 ± 0.097

0.79 ± 0.08

-0.178 ± 0.197

0.81 ± 0.16

0.050 ± 0.143

0.39 ± 0.11

-1.366 ± 1.650

0.500 ± 0.000

0.539 ± 0.113

0.802 ± 0.041

0.879 ± 0.027

2.17 ± 0.05

0.461 ± 0.019

3.31 ± 0.41

0.289 ± 0.065

0.500 ± 0.000

0.523 ± 0.062

0.80 ± 0.04

0.022 ± 0.029

0.86 ± 0.03

0.001 ± 0.010

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.008 ± 0.019

0.500 ± 0.000

0.567 ± 0.043

0.732 ± 0.055

0.818 ± 0.044

1.35 ± 0.10

0.133 ± 0.086

3.67 ± 0.42

0.045 ± 0.084

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.024 ± 0.050

0.72 ± 0.09

0.009 ± 0.019

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.015 ± 0.024

0.499 ± 0.048

0.581 ± 0.152

2.59 ± 0.40

-0.079 ± 0.090

2.95 ± 0.28

-0.054 ± 0.078

0.74 ± 0.10

-0.040 ± 0.040

0.49 ± 0.03

-0.091 ± 0.122

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.109 ± 0.128

SwinBrain

turboprep-affine

0.770 ± 0.046

0.840 ± 0.034

1.73 ± 0.10

0.598 ± 0.051

3.07 ± 0.40

0.286 ± 0.065

0.81 ± 0.08

-0.018 ± 0.024

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.009 ± 0.063

0.78 ± 0.05

0.024 ± 0.029

0.500 ± 0.000

0.481 ± 0.048

0.815 ± 0.040

0.913 ± 0.012

7.68 ± 0.22

0.750 ± 0.034

3.48 ± 0.20

0.342 ± 0.021

0.75 ± 0.10

-0.128 ± 0.220

0.84 ± 0.14

-0.043 ± 0.114

0.39 ± 0.11

-1.306 ± 1.368

0.500 ± 0.000

0.515 ± 0.126

0.811 ± 0.029

0.905 ± 0.021

1.96 ± 0.09

0.565 ± 0.042

3.32 ± 0.30

0.292 ± 0.074

0.500 ± 0.000

0.499 ± 0.024

0.80 ± 0.04

0.019 ± 0.024

0.86 ± 0.03

0.005 ± 0.009

0.62 ± 0.02

0.005 ± 0.005

0.500 ± 0.000

0.490 ± 0.049

0.694 ± 0.037

0.728 ± 0.043

1.36 ± 0.06

0.144 ± 0.074

3.35 ± 0.39

0.182 ± 0.084

0.71 ± 0.07

-0.015 ± 0.021

0.72 ± 0.09

0.010 ± 0.045

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.011 ± 0.012

0.469 ± 0.061

0.453 ± 0.115

2.55 ± 0.37

-0.076 ± 0.114

2.94 ± 0.29

-0.051 ± 0.076

0.73 ± 0.10

-0.021 ± 0.028

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.084 ± 0.156

0.64 ± 0.12

-0.164 ± 0.196

un-CNN †

turboprep

0.856 ± 0.031

0.929 ± 0.025

1.46 ± 0.08

0.720 ± 0.045

2.66 ± 0.33

0.463 ± 0.051

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.016 ± 0.005

0.93 ± 0.06

-0.336 ± 0.388

0.79 ± 0.04

-0.001 ± 0.045

0.500 ± 0.000

0.536 ± 0.091

0.913 ± 0.023

0.984 ± 0.006

4.94 ± 0.18

0.889 ± 0.015

2.88 ± 0.19

0.508 ± 0.136

0.73 ± 0.03

-0.065 ± 0.217

0.85 ± 0.13

-0.071 ± 0.135

0.36 ± 0.11

-1.173 ± 1.385

0.500 ± 0.000

0.575 ± 0.057

0.881 ± 0.015

0.956 ± 0.011

1.49 ± 0.10

0.745 ± 0.022

2.54 ± 0.16

0.542 ± 0.068

0.500 ± 0.000

0.531 ± 0.052

0.79 ± 0.04

0.043 ± 0.039

0.86 ± 0.03

0.001 ± 0.013

0.61 ± 0.03

0.004 ± 0.012

0.500 ± 0.000

0.536 ± 0.070

0.812 ± 0.057

0.890 ± 0.055

1.25 ± 0.11

0.214 ± 0.148

3.07 ± 0.19

0.299 ± 0.121

0.71 ± 0.06

-0.005 ± 0.027

0.69 ± 0.07

0.050 ± 0.038

0.68 ± 0.10

0.007 ± 0.031

0.533 ± 0.096

0.603 ± 0.189

2.58 ± 0.38

-0.074 ± 0.135

2.95 ± 0.27

-0.062 ± 0.075

0.76 ± 0.10

-0.078 ± 0.034

0.49 ± 0.05

-0.106 ± 0.094

0.61 ± 0.11

-0.119 ± 0.296

un-CNN †

turboprep-affine

0.856 ± 0.036

0.922 ± 0.016

1.22 ± 0.15

0.798 ± 0.060

2.51 ± 0.23

0.510 ± 0.041

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.015 ± 0.015

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.013 ± 0.031

0.79 ± 0.04

-0.002 ± 0.026

0.500 ± 0.000

0.497 ± 0.089

0.935 ± 0.020

0.982 ± 0.009

5.31 ± 0.73

0.878 ± 0.030

2.52 ± 0.15

0.644 ± 0.044

0.78 ± 0.04

-0.204 ± 0.323

0.82 ± 0.15

-0.044 ± 0.215

0.38 ± 0.11

-1.230 ± 1.242

0.500 ± 0.000

0.575 ± 0.090

0.927 ± 0.015

0.977 ± 0.007

1.36 ± 0.04

0.783 ± 0.018

2.33 ± 0.24

0.614 ± 0.077

0.500 ± 0.000

0.511 ± 0.038

0.79 ± 0.04

0.042 ± 0.026

0.86 ± 0.03

0.009 ± 0.015

0.62 ± 0.03

-0.002 ± 0.016

0.500 ± 0.000

0.538 ± 0.030

0.814 ± 0.054

0.883 ± 0.024

1.25 ± 0.15

0.269 ± 0.071

3.34 ± 0.32

0.233 ± 0.040

0.71 ± 0.06

-0.002 ± 0.021

0.70 ± 0.08

0.068 ± 0.027

0.68 ± 0.10

0.001 ± 0.027

0.412 ± 0.212

0.519 ± 0.283

2.55 ± 0.41

-0.048 ± 0.146

2.97 ± 0.26

-0.081 ± 0.171

0.74 ± 0.11

-0.042 ± 0.047

0.49 ± 0.04

-0.149 ± 0.217

0.61 ± 0.10

-0.090 ± 0.197

RandomForest probe

3D-Neuro-SimCLR

turboprep

0.768 ± 0.049

0.816 ± 0.034

1.64 ± 0.12

0.654 ± 0.046

3.02 ± 0.29

0.336 ± 0.060

0.81 ± 0.08

-0.019 ± 0.013

0.87 ± 0.04

-0.041 ± 0.045

0.79 ± 0.04

0.019 ± 0.049

0.508 ± 0.024

0.565 ± 0.095

0.835 ± 0.023

0.928 ± 0.010

5.86 ± 0.58

0.841 ± 0.029

3.52 ± 0.17

0.341 ± 0.030

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.303 ± 0.332

0.81 ± 0.13

-0.028 ± 0.078

0.40 ± 0.10

-2.376 ± 3.062

0.500 ± 0.000

0.494 ± 0.055

0.788 ± 0.038

0.868 ± 0.037

1.68 ± 0.07

0.669 ± 0.021

3.44 ± 0.32

0.177 ± 0.065

0.500 ± 0.021

0.534 ± 0.024

0.78 ± 0.04

0.045 ± 0.045

0.85 ± 0.04

0.014 ± 0.026

0.61 ± 0.02

-0.007 ± 0.013

0.500 ± 0.005

0.415 ± 0.038

0.712 ± 0.046

0.782 ± 0.064

1.31 ± 0.11

0.206 ± 0.045

3.40 ± 0.35

0.218 ± 0.085

0.68 ± 0.04

0.022 ± 0.085

0.73 ± 0.08

-0.008 ± 0.041

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.029 ± 0.059

0.522 ± 0.064

0.436 ± 0.095

2.73 ± 0.44

-0.181 ± 0.188

3.22 ± 0.33

-0.190 ± 0.228

0.78 ± 0.09

-0.163 ± 0.123

0.52 ± 0.06

-0.246 ± 0.167

0.66 ± 0.11

-0.287 ± 0.283

3D-Neuro-SimCLR

turboprep-affine

0.671 ± 0.050

0.730 ± 0.048

1.41 ± 0.10

0.727 ± 0.045

2.93 ± 0.26

0.296 ± 0.100

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.014 ± 0.025

0.87 ± 0.05

-0.046 ± 0.035

0.79 ± 0.04

0.011 ± 0.037

0.500 ± 0.000

0.532 ± 0.058

0.746 ± 0.058

0.846 ± 0.049

5.26 ± 0.30

0.866 ± 0.021

2.71 ± 0.21

0.582 ± 0.027

0.82 ± 0.02

-0.370 ± 0.424

0.88 ± 0.10

-0.133 ± 0.096

0.44 ± 0.13

-2.511 ± 2.669

0.500 ± 0.000

0.525 ± 0.177

0.745 ± 0.020

0.802 ± 0.030

1.62 ± 0.08

0.687 ± 0.022

3.12 ± 0.39

0.357 ± 0.030

0.507 ± 0.023

0.516 ± 0.038

0.79 ± 0.04

0.023 ± 0.038

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.016 ± 0.015

0.63 ± 0.03

-0.043 ± 0.019

0.504 ± 0.011

0.433 ± 0.037

0.678 ± 0.061

0.754 ± 0.048

1.25 ± 0.09

0.265 ± 0.063

3.40 ± 0.30

0.198 ± 0.033

0.71 ± 0.05

-0.005 ± 0.038

0.71 ± 0.09

0.039 ± 0.039

0.70 ± 0.12

-0.062 ± 0.056

0.485 ± 0.068

0.481 ± 0.061

2.63 ± 0.52

-0.150 ± 0.223

3.20 ± 0.33

-0.187 ± 0.282

0.76 ± 0.11

-0.072 ± 0.064

0.50 ± 0.03

-0.300 ± 0.262

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.253 ± 0.378

AnatCL (Global)

cat12

0.723 ± 0.060

0.802 ± 0.049

1.78 ± 0.18

0.595 ± 0.045

3.39 ± 0.33

0.148 ± 0.058

0.83 ± 0.07

-0.032 ± 0.027

0.86 ± 0.04

-0.034 ± 0.036

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.031 ± 0.052

0.500 ± 0.000

0.537 ± 0.080

0.738 ± 0.031

0.850 ± 0.028

6.26 ± 0.43

0.825 ± 0.024

3.92 ± 0.22

0.183 ± 0.029

0.79 ± 0.07

-0.171 ± 0.294

0.86 ± 0.13

-0.064 ± 0.110

0.46 ± 0.09

-3.018 ± 2.921

0.500 ± 0.000

0.500 ± 0.052

0.723 ± 0.055

0.808 ± 0.058

1.88 ± 0.05

0.603 ± 0.026

3.63 ± 0.40

0.140 ± 0.087

0.481 ± 0.006

0.489 ± 0.066

0.79 ± 0.05

0.030 ± 0.039

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.019 ± 0.016

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.023 ± 0.011

0.492 ± 0.003

0.523 ± 0.069

0.647 ± 0.050

0.750 ± 0.054

1.30 ± 0.07

0.184 ± 0.070

3.86 ± 0.56

-0.040 ± 0.130

0.73 ± 0.06

-0.067 ± 0.070

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.031 ± 0.053

0.71 ± 0.10

-0.058 ± 0.069

0.518 ± 0.132

0.519 ± 0.233

2.58 ± 0.39

-0.114 ± 0.186

2.91 ± 0.31

0.007 ± 0.143

0.72 ± 0.08

-0.001 ± 0.108

0.51 ± 0.05

-0.161 ± 0.107

0.61 ± 0.13

-0.164 ± 0.260

AnatCL (Local)

cat12

0.707 ± 0.063

0.783 ± 0.058

1.85 ± 0.10

0.556 ± 0.056

3.34 ± 0.40

0.178 ± 0.049

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.023 ± 0.012

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.025 ± 0.019

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.027 ± 0.056

0.500 ± 0.000

0.507 ± 0.055

0.765 ± 0.024

0.868 ± 0.024

6.19 ± 0.47

0.823 ± 0.023

3.92 ± 0.25

0.197 ± 0.019

0.84 ± 0.07

-0.383 ± 0.398

0.85 ± 0.10

-0.050 ± 0.122

0.44 ± 0.11

-2.831 ± 3.173

0.500 ± 0.000

0.494 ± 0.047

0.719 ± 0.059

0.812 ± 0.054

1.83 ± 0.09

0.619 ± 0.031

3.70 ± 0.39

0.096 ± 0.066

0.481 ± 0.022

0.518 ± 0.053

0.79 ± 0.05

0.029 ± 0.031

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.020 ± 0.021

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.028 ± 0.024

0.498 ± 0.002

0.533 ± 0.058

0.659 ± 0.064

0.733 ± 0.067

1.33 ± 0.06

0.141 ± 0.063

3.83 ± 0.46

0.001 ± 0.072

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.064 ± 0.037

0.74 ± 0.08

-0.037 ± 0.036

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.037 ± 0.060

0.472 ± 0.197

0.497 ± 0.202

2.53 ± 0.42

-0.042 ± 0.211

3.22 ± 0.36

-0.206 ± 0.135

0.73 ± 0.09

-0.010 ± 0.050

0.51 ± 0.05

-0.210 ± 0.202

0.60 ± 0.13

-0.005 ± 0.140

BrainIAC

turboprep

0.744 ± 0.034

0.827 ± 0.026

2.61 ± 0.07

0.200 ± 0.049

3.59 ± 0.49

0.069 ± 0.072

0.82 ± 0.09

-0.045 ± 0.040

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.021 ± 0.015

0.81 ± 0.04

-0.019 ± 0.008

0.494 ± 0.005

0.528 ± 0.052

0.810 ± 0.031

0.898 ± 0.021

13.96 ± 0.59

0.269 ± 0.034

4.16 ± 0.25

0.108 ± 0.025

0.80 ± 0.08

-0.285 ± 0.228

0.84 ± 0.18

-0.047 ± 0.183

0.37 ± 0.10

-1.199 ± 1.144

0.500 ± 0.000

0.512 ± 0.074

0.768 ± 0.038

0.834 ± 0.039

2.91 ± 0.09

0.113 ± 0.039

3.86 ± 0.35

0.034 ± 0.046

0.497 ± 0.017

0.490 ± 0.063

0.80 ± 0.03

-0.001 ± 0.020

0.87 ± 0.04

-0.013 ± 0.017

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.027 ± 0.028

0.503 ± 0.016

0.523 ± 0.019

0.716 ± 0.042

0.756 ± 0.062

1.47 ± 0.10

0.016 ± 0.042

3.67 ± 0.40

0.067 ± 0.105

0.74 ± 0.08

-0.089 ± 0.051

0.72 ± 0.08

0.002 ± 0.027

0.70 ± 0.10

-0.052 ± 0.023

0.604 ± 0.144

0.592 ± 0.139

2.69 ± 0.40

-0.155 ± 0.173

3.13 ± 0.24

-0.112 ± 0.085

0.77 ± 0.12

-0.143 ± 0.094

0.54 ± 0.05

-0.201 ± 0.096

0.64 ± 0.14

-0.195 ± 0.037

BrainIAC

turboprep-affine

0.604 ± 0.065

0.632 ± 0.084

2.53 ± 0.06

0.227 ± 0.020

3.52 ± 0.41

0.118 ± 0.066

0.81 ± 0.08

-0.017 ± 0.018

0.86 ± 0.06

-0.021 ± 0.038

0.81 ± 0.05

-0.033 ± 0.025

0.493 ± 0.007

0.597 ± 0.109

0.566 ± 0.043

0.648 ± 0.060

13.36 ± 0.69

0.346 ± 0.037

4.01 ± 0.19

0.152 ± 0.060

0.74 ± 0.08

-0.147 ± 0.219

0.87 ± 0.12

-0.182 ± 0.136

0.46 ± 0.13

-3.139 ± 3.225

0.495 ± 0.004

0.433 ± 0.124

0.599 ± 0.036

0.657 ± 0.040

2.73 ± 0.14

0.207 ± 0.068

3.80 ± 0.41

0.056 ± 0.042

0.492 ± 0.013

0.505 ± 0.035

0.81 ± 0.04

-0.020 ± 0.020

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.015 ± 0.041

0.63 ± 0.03

-0.041 ± 0.052

0.502 ± 0.013

0.543 ± 0.044

0.560 ± 0.049

0.593 ± 0.049

1.40 ± 0.08

0.074 ± 0.092

3.66 ± 0.36

0.022 ± 0.050

0.73 ± 0.06

-0.071 ± 0.070

0.74 ± 0.07

-0.050 ± 0.084

0.69 ± 0.12

-0.044 ± 0.087

0.540 ± 0.090

0.497 ± 0.135

2.58 ± 0.39

-0.095 ± 0.140

3.17 ± 0.45

-0.166 ± 0.046

0.73 ± 0.13

-0.087 ± 0.174

0.50 ± 0.03

-0.106 ± 0.043

0.66 ± 0.11

-0.207 ± 0.369

Dinov3D-neuro

turboprep

0.696 ± 0.041

0.781 ± 0.028

1.96 ± 0.11

0.510 ± 0.026

3.23 ± 0.27

0.230 ± 0.044

0.83 ± 0.09

-0.048 ± 0.034

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.015 ± 0.034

0.80 ± 0.04

-0.013 ± 0.029

0.499 ± 0.002

0.540 ± 0.052

0.757 ± 0.045

0.864 ± 0.042

8.29 ± 0.57

0.696 ± 0.067

3.69 ± 0.12

0.318 ± 0.049

0.80 ± 0.07

-0.171 ± 0.224

0.81 ± 0.15

0.009 ± 0.181

0.43 ± 0.13

-1.893 ± 2.275

0.500 ± 0.000

0.451 ± 0.059

0.738 ± 0.040

0.796 ± 0.042

2.14 ± 0.14

0.488 ± 0.038

3.67 ± 0.34

0.125 ± 0.073

0.501 ± 0.009

0.480 ± 0.052

0.80 ± 0.04

0.008 ± 0.026

0.86 ± 0.02

-0.006 ± 0.024

0.61 ± 0.01

-0.008 ± 0.028

0.499 ± 0.002

0.455 ± 0.085

0.656 ± 0.044

0.731 ± 0.050

1.41 ± 0.11

0.053 ± 0.040

3.80 ± 0.34

0.037 ± 0.073

0.71 ± 0.07

-0.014 ± 0.045

0.72 ± 0.07

-0.011 ± 0.036

0.70 ± 0.10

-0.040 ± 0.047

0.529 ± 0.169

0.561 ± 0.160

2.63 ± 0.35

-0.135 ± 0.196

2.84 ± 0.42

0.001 ± 0.081

0.76 ± 0.11

-0.131 ± 0.103

0.49 ± 0.06

-0.088 ± 0.123

0.64 ± 0.09

-0.165 ± 0.265

Dinov3D-neuro

turboprep-affine

0.634 ± 0.028

0.672 ± 0.021

2.16 ± 0.16

0.419 ± 0.035

3.39 ± 0.39

0.158 ± 0.046

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.033 ± 0.033

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.003 ± 0.037

0.79 ± 0.03

0.001 ± 0.017

0.500 ± 0.000

0.512 ± 0.045

0.674 ± 0.047

0.780 ± 0.062

8.86 ± 0.30

0.692 ± 0.049

3.72 ± 0.20

0.272 ± 0.007

0.79 ± 0.04

-0.185 ± 0.382

0.84 ± 0.15

-0.059 ± 0.193

0.39 ± 0.11

-2.342 ± 3.510

0.500 ± 0.000

0.462 ± 0.059

0.710 ± 0.035

0.803 ± 0.026

2.21 ± 0.10

0.461 ± 0.033

3.66 ± 0.39

0.139 ± 0.025

0.497 ± 0.005

0.492 ± 0.025

0.81 ± 0.03

-0.001 ± 0.024

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.017 ± 0.010

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.016 ± 0.014

0.504 ± 0.011

0.422 ± 0.039

0.612 ± 0.048

0.683 ± 0.054

1.37 ± 0.11

0.101 ± 0.045

3.76 ± 0.33

0.009 ± 0.044

0.74 ± 0.06

-0.058 ± 0.079

0.71 ± 0.07

0.025 ± 0.052

0.68 ± 0.11

0.001 ± 0.030

0.526 ± 0.145

0.542 ± 0.180

2.60 ± 0.39

-0.058 ± 0.198

3.01 ± 0.25

-0.093 ± 0.122

0.75 ± 0.09

-0.076 ± 0.073

0.52 ± 0.04

-0.241 ± 0.178

0.66 ± 0.14

-0.214 ± 0.189

FS aparc

freesurfer

0.740 ± 0.034

0.824 ± 0.020

2.13 ± 0.17

0.448 ± 0.034

3.51 ± 0.31

0.115 ± 0.037

0.81 ± 0.08

-0.022 ± 0.016

0.86 ± 0.04

-0.028 ± 0.019

0.79 ± 0.06

-0.019 ± 0.052

0.499 ± 0.002

0.513 ± 0.074

0.770 ± 0.023

0.862 ± 0.026

9.09 ± 0.63

0.662 ± 0.024

3.99 ± 0.36

0.193 ± 0.045

0.77 ± 0.08

-0.158 ± 0.240

0.90 ± 0.11

-0.169 ± 0.257

0.43 ± 0.12

-2.732 ± 3.705

0.500 ± 0.000

0.500 ± 0.109

0.755 ± 0.031

0.842 ± 0.044

2.15 ± 0.04

0.484 ± 0.046

3.64 ± 0.38

0.117 ± 0.030

0.493 ± 0.018

0.528 ± 0.037

0.79 ± 0.04

0.043 ± 0.029

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.006 ± 0.009

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.015 ± 0.015

0.501 ± 0.010

0.471 ± 0.050

0.722 ± 0.068

0.777 ± 0.057

1.40 ± 0.12

0.103 ± 0.052

3.85 ± 0.56

-0.006 ± 0.121

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.048 ± 0.053

0.73 ± 0.09

-0.011 ± 0.044

0.70 ± 0.10

-0.053 ± 0.055

0.574 ± 0.104

0.556 ± 0.124

2.57 ± 0.45

-0.092 ± 0.135

3.07 ± 0.36

-0.115 ± 0.085

0.74 ± 0.08

-0.090 ± 0.077

0.55 ± 0.06

-0.290 ± 0.137

0.63 ± 0.11

-0.109 ± 0.114

FS Schaefer

freesurfer

0.736 ± 0.028

0.829 ± 0.019

2.16 ± 0.19

0.425 ± 0.062

3.44 ± 0.31

0.137 ± 0.049

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.034 ± 0.020

0.87 ± 0.05

-0.042 ± 0.014

0.79 ± 0.05

-0.009 ± 0.046

0.500 ± 0.000

0.516 ± 0.088

0.740 ± 0.016

0.862 ± 0.019

8.29 ± 0.38

0.722 ± 0.016

3.99 ± 0.35

0.203 ± 0.045

0.76 ± 0.06

-0.181 ± 0.266

0.91 ± 0.09

-0.188 ± 0.088

0.41 ± 0.11

-2.261 ± 2.680

0.500 ± 0.000

0.603 ± 0.052

0.776 ± 0.044

0.850 ± 0.044

2.00 ± 0.04

0.543 ± 0.041

3.44 ± 0.34

0.201 ± 0.025

0.499 ± 0.002

0.535 ± 0.033

0.79 ± 0.04

0.036 ± 0.036

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.010 ± 0.005

0.61 ± 0.02

-0.011 ± 0.015

0.500 ± 0.000

0.494 ± 0.058

0.688 ± 0.077

0.774 ± 0.071

1.39 ± 0.13

0.118 ± 0.064

3.88 ± 0.51

-0.071 ± 0.092

0.74 ± 0.07

-0.075 ± 0.041

0.73 ± 0.09

-0.021 ± 0.037

0.71 ± 0.11

-0.066 ± 0.044

0.482 ± 0.143

0.483 ± 0.182

2.48 ± 0.49

-0.017 ± 0.146

2.95 ± 0.30

-0.053 ± 0.100

0.73 ± 0.11

-0.042 ± 0.061

0.50 ± 0.06

-0.110 ± 0.202

0.62 ± 0.11

-0.082 ± 0.170

NiChart-Brain2Vec

raw

0.727 ± 0.048

0.811 ± 0.039

1.49 ± 0.09

0.700 ± 0.040

3.01 ± 0.27

0.293 ± 0.054

0.82 ± 0.07

-0.031 ± 0.040

0.87 ± 0.04

-0.042 ± 0.044

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.025 ± 0.031

0.498 ± 0.003

0.582 ± 0.106

0.856 ± 0.044

0.933 ± 0.021

4.83 ± 0.43

0.890 ± 0.029

2.98 ± 0.28

0.533 ± 0.033

0.79 ± 0.03

-0.273 ± 0.287

0.87 ± 0.15

-0.067 ± 0.159

0.42 ± 0.12

-1.808 ± 1.507

0.500 ± 0.000

0.548 ± 0.140

0.801 ± 0.051

0.871 ± 0.041

1.54 ± 0.10

0.711 ± 0.023

2.97 ± 0.29

0.379 ± 0.082

0.489 ± 0.013

0.533 ± 0.040

0.78 ± 0.04

0.040 ± 0.046

0.86 ± 0.02

-0.008 ± 0.024

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.014 ± 0.019

0.499 ± 0.002

0.493 ± 0.057

0.652 ± 0.053

0.778 ± 0.063

1.35 ± 0.07

0.144 ± 0.072

3.45 ± 0.32

0.177 ± 0.068

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.059 ± 0.031

0.69 ± 0.07

0.061 ± 0.060

0.69 ± 0.11

-0.013 ± 0.010

0.460 ± 0.108

0.447 ± 0.175

2.78 ± 0.63

-0.214 ± 0.301

3.08 ± 0.26

-0.165 ± 0.268

0.77 ± 0.10

-0.157 ± 0.113

0.53 ± 0.03

-0.279 ± 0.208

0.65 ± 0.09

-0.240 ± 0.283

SwinBrain

turboprep

0.744 ± 0.038

0.835 ± 0.029

2.39 ± 0.11

0.278 ± 0.073

3.41 ± 0.36

0.146 ± 0.042

0.83 ± 0.08

-0.046 ± 0.005

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.007 ± 0.015

0.81 ± 0.05

-0.013 ± 0.035

0.507 ± 0.017

0.535 ± 0.040

0.855 ± 0.023

0.922 ± 0.016

9.47 ± 0.54

0.623 ± 0.026

3.97 ± 0.20

0.165 ± 0.034

0.78 ± 0.07

-0.267 ± 0.269

0.83 ± 0.16

-0.029 ± 0.138

0.46 ± 0.12

-3.470 ± 4.542

0.500 ± 0.000

0.435 ± 0.106

0.771 ± 0.031

0.842 ± 0.037

2.63 ± 0.10

0.261 ± 0.042

3.70 ± 0.42

0.113 ± 0.027

0.499 ± 0.029

0.489 ± 0.053

0.79 ± 0.04

0.015 ± 0.024

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.005 ± 0.023

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.015 ± 0.042

0.499 ± 0.002

0.507 ± 0.078

0.717 ± 0.030

0.765 ± 0.045

1.40 ± 0.09

0.078 ± 0.053

3.99 ± 0.70

-0.160 ± 0.325

0.73 ± 0.07

-0.048 ± 0.076

0.73 ± 0.10

-0.003 ± 0.036

0.68 ± 0.10

-0.020 ± 0.032

0.556 ± 0.049

0.597 ± 0.086

2.59 ± 0.32

-0.085 ± 0.191

3.02 ± 0.29

-0.085 ± 0.216

0.77 ± 0.09

-0.129 ± 0.082

0.52 ± 0.05

-0.236 ± 0.195

0.64 ± 0.10

-0.215 ± 0.161

SwinBrain

turboprep-affine

0.661 ± 0.040

0.735 ± 0.043

2.13 ± 0.05

0.425 ± 0.037

3.27 ± 0.38

0.194 ± 0.031

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.031 ± 0.053

0.86 ± 0.04

0.001 ± 0.034

0.78 ± 0.05

0.029 ± 0.032

0.500 ± 0.000

0.523 ± 0.018

0.684 ± 0.043

0.809 ± 0.027

9.02 ± 0.31

0.654 ± 0.050

3.95 ± 0.21

0.184 ± 0.027

0.75 ± 0.10

-0.079 ± 0.237

0.83 ± 0.11

-0.012 ± 0.092

0.42 ± 0.12

-2.048 ± 2.514

0.500 ± 0.000

0.398 ± 0.093

0.738 ± 0.034

0.806 ± 0.031

2.37 ± 0.08

0.389 ± 0.040

3.51 ± 0.40

0.203 ± 0.047

0.497 ± 0.005

0.483 ± 0.037

0.80 ± 0.04

0.007 ± 0.030

0.86 ± 0.03

0.006 ± 0.016

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.012 ± 0.028

0.499 ± 0.002

0.498 ± 0.062

0.627 ± 0.052

0.633 ± 0.089

1.38 ± 0.11

0.131 ± 0.055

3.69 ± 0.44

0.061 ± 0.049

0.70 ± 0.06

0.005 ± 0.040

0.71 ± 0.08

0.006 ± 0.034

0.71 ± 0.11

-0.042 ± 0.044

0.412 ± 0.100

0.400 ± 0.111

2.53 ± 0.33

-0.088 ± 0.224

3.00 ± 0.32

-0.105 ± 0.035

0.72 ± 0.10

0.012 ± 0.089

0.51 ± 0.01

-0.170 ± 0.097

0.67 ± 0.13

-0.340 ± 0.268

un-CNN †

turboprep

0.772 ± 0.043

0.836 ± 0.039

1.42 ± 0.08

0.741 ± 0.017

2.70 ± 0.33

0.427 ± 0.063

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.017 ± 0.018

0.86 ± 0.05

-0.019 ± 0.038

0.80 ± 0.04

-0.023 ± 0.054

0.509 ± 0.018

0.537 ± 0.046

0.857 ± 0.032

0.951 ± 0.017

5.11 ± 0.22

0.868 ± 0.018

3.13 ± 0.11

0.461 ± 0.079

0.75 ± 0.03

-0.171 ± 0.368

0.87 ± 0.14

-0.110 ± 0.168

0.37 ± 0.12

-1.519 ± 1.482

0.500 ± 0.000

0.559 ± 0.049

0.787 ± 0.034

0.874 ± 0.032

1.60 ± 0.07

0.697 ± 0.012

2.97 ± 0.26

0.404 ± 0.059

0.512 ± 0.031

0.549 ± 0.033

0.78 ± 0.04

0.049 ± 0.057

0.87 ± 0.03

-0.015 ± 0.018

0.62 ± 0.02

-0.008 ± 0.022

0.507 ± 0.016

0.516 ± 0.027

0.741 ± 0.048

0.806 ± 0.053

1.26 ± 0.06

0.251 ± 0.048

3.31 ± 0.13

0.241 ± 0.088

0.71 ± 0.06

-0.032 ± 0.036

0.70 ± 0.06

0.032 ± 0.085

0.67 ± 0.11

0.020 ± 0.026

0.575 ± 0.158

0.594 ± 0.223

2.59 ± 0.43

-0.093 ± 0.158

3.02 ± 0.29

-0.108 ± 0.153

0.79 ± 0.11

-0.183 ± 0.048

0.50 ± 0.06

-0.172 ± 0.264

0.64 ± 0.09

-0.225 ± 0.340

un-CNN †

turboprep-affine

0.692 ± 0.027

0.779 ± 0.022

1.44 ± 0.05

0.723 ± 0.024

2.77 ± 0.21

0.384 ± 0.057

0.82 ± 0.08

-0.032 ± 0.016

0.85 ± 0.06

0.003 ± 0.058

0.80 ± 0.05

-0.009 ± 0.040

0.500 ± 0.000

0.496 ± 0.086

0.812 ± 0.029

0.922 ± 0.028

5.37 ± 0.51

0.863 ± 0.032

2.60 ± 0.15

0.615 ± 0.008

0.79 ± 0.03

-0.275 ± 0.361

0.85 ± 0.15

-0.082 ± 0.248

0.41 ± 0.13

-2.069 ± 1.855

0.500 ± 0.000

0.552 ± 0.123

0.779 ± 0.034

0.863 ± 0.021

1.59 ± 0.04

0.700 ± 0.009

2.74 ± 0.25

0.479 ± 0.038

0.511 ± 0.013

0.543 ± 0.037

0.79 ± 0.04

0.032 ± 0.041

0.86 ± 0.03

-0.007 ± 0.015

0.62 ± 0.03

-0.027 ± 0.023

0.505 ± 0.010

0.481 ± 0.041

0.664 ± 0.034

0.741 ± 0.044

1.31 ± 0.10

0.196 ± 0.076

3.37 ± 0.38

0.232 ± 0.067

0.71 ± 0.06

0.018 ± 0.034

0.71 ± 0.07

0.044 ± 0.050

0.69 ± 0.10

-0.026 ± 0.032

0.443 ± 0.142

0.508 ± 0.196

2.61 ± 0.46

-0.110 ± 0.205

3.10 ± 0.30

-0.129 ± 0.156

0.76 ± 0.11

-0.093 ± 0.110

0.49 ± 0.03

-0.126 ± 0.205

0.65 ± 0.11

-0.175 ± 0.197

Models

Model	Preprocessing	Dim	Links
3D-Neuro-SimCLR	turboprep	512	paper · code
AnatCL (Global)	cat12	512	paper · code
AnatCL (Local)	cat12	512	paper · code
BrainIAC	turboprep	768	paper · code
Dinov3D-neuro	turboprep	792	model card
FS Schaefer	FreeSurfer v6.0.1 (RBC): Schaefer 400 cortical thickness and surface area	800	paper
FS aparc	FreeSurfer v6.0.1 (RBC): aparc 68 cortical thickness and surface area	136	paper
NiChart-Brain2Vec	Own pipeline: NiChart DLMUSE (DLICV skull stripping) + FSL FLIRT to the Brain2Vec template	768	paper · model card · code · project
SwinBrain	turboprep	384	paper · code
un-CNN	turboprep	9664	paper · model card · code

Model

Preprocessing

Dim

Links

3D-Neuro-SimCLR

turboprep

512

paper · code

AnatCL (Global)

cat12

512

paper · code