All 300 labelled benchmark queries, each classified whole under the four frameworks of the Theoretical framework: the words that ask for each kind of information, with the framework’s class, and what the framework has no place for. Labels are gemini/gemini-3.6-flash’s, unreviewed (taxonomy/results/query_levels.json).

The first 20 queries are shown in full; the other 280 are collapsed below.

The first 20 queries

1. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the central playing children in the painting known as the Amsterdam Holy Kinship.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	playing children pre-icon. factual	Amsterdam Holy Kinship iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique central 4 global composition	playing children 5 generic object	Amsterdam Holy Kinship 7 specific object	—	—	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique central P composition	playing C general event children C general object	—	—	Amsterdam Holy Kinship NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	central L1 composition	playing children L2 subject/genre painting L2 medium/materials	Amsterdam Holy Kinship L3 iconography	—	—	—

2. Find photographs showing the entire composition of the painting known as the Amsterdam Holy Kinship.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Amsterdam Holy Kinship iconographical	—	—	photographs entire composition painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique entire composition 4 global composition	—	Amsterdam Holy Kinship 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique entire composition P composition	—	Amsterdam Holy Kinship C specific object	—	—	—
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials	Amsterdam Holy Kinship L3 iconography	—	—	—

3. Find Northern Renaissance paintings or prints of the Holy Family or Holy Kinship where the Christ child and his cousins are depicted playing with toys, miniature windmills, or symbolic objects. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	playing with toys, miniature windmills pre-icon. factual	Holy Family or Holy Kinship iconographical	—	—	Northern Renaissance paintings or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	toys, miniature windmills 5 generic object	Holy Family 7 specific object	symbolic objects 9 abstract object	Northern Renaissance B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings or prints P type/technique	playing C general event toys, miniature windmills C general object	Holy Family C specific object	symbolic objects C abstract object	Northern Renaissance NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	Northern Renaissance L2 style/school paintings or prints L2 medium/materials depicted playing with toys, miniature windmills L2 subject/genre	Holy Family or Holy Kinship L3 iconography symbolic objects L3 symbolism	—	—	—

4. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, including landscapes, still lifes, and genre scenes, currently held in public or historic collections in Denmark. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	landscapes, still lifes, and genre scenes pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch paintings currently held in public or historic collections in Denmark
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	landscapes, still lifes, and genre scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical currently held in public or historic collections in Denmark P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	landscapes C general place still lifes C general object genre scenes C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school landscapes, still lifes, and genre scenes L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution public or historic collections in Denmark L4 provenance	—

5. Find photographs of classicizing history paintings by Gerard de Lairesse

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	classicizing history paintings iconographical	—	—	photographs Gerard de Lairesse
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	history paintings 6 generic scene	—	classicizing 10 abstract scene	Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	history paintings C general event	—	—	classicizing NV date/style/period Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	classicizing L2 style/school history paintings L2 subject/genre	—	—	Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

6. Find seventeenth-century reproductive engravings after compositions by Raphael (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	seventeenth-century reproductive engravings after compositions by Raphael
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique compositions 4 global composition	—	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	—	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period after NV relation/source Raphael NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	reproductive engravings L2 medium/materials	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution after compositions by Raphael L4 influence/legacy	—

7. Find seventeenth-century reproductive engravings after paintings by Nicolas Poussin (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	seventeenth-century reproductive engravings after paintings Nicolas Poussin
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	—	—	—	Nicolas Poussin B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	—	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period after paintings NV relation/source Nicolas Poussin NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	reproductive engravings L2 medium/materials	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution after paintings L4 influence/legacy Nicolas Poussin L4 artist biography	—

8. Find seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, engravings, or medals depicting Johan de Witt or Cornelis de Witt in official robes, as statesmen, or in allegorical compositions celebrating their political or military achievements.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	official robes pre-icon. factual	Johan de Witt or Cornelis de Witt iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, engravings, or medals
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, engravings 1 type/technique	official robes 5 generic object	Johan de Witt or Cornelis de Witt 7 specific object	allegorical compositions celebrating their political or military achievements 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, engravings, or medals P type/technique	official robes C general object	Johan de Witt or Cornelis de Witt C specific object	allegorical compositions C abstract object celebrating their political or military achievements C abstract event	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school paintings, engravings, or medals L2 medium/materials in official robes, as statesmen L2 subject/genre	Johan de Witt or Cornelis de Witt L3 iconography allegorical compositions celebrating their political or military achievements L3 symbolism	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

9. Find seventeenth-century Dutch broadsheets, engravings, or medals depicting the bodies of the De Witt brothers hanging from a gallows or strappado, or showing the public destruction of their likenesses.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	hanging from a gallows or strappado pre-icon. factual	De Witt brothers iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch broadsheets, engravings, or medals
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	gallows 5 generic object public destruction of their likenesses 6 generic scene	De Witt brothers 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	gallows or strappado C general object hanging C general event	De Witt brothers C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school broadsheets, engravings, or medals L2 medium/materials hanging from a gallows or strappado, or showing the public destruction of their likenesses L2 subject/genre	De Witt brothers L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

10. Find seventeenth-century Dutch satirical prints or medals depicting the defacement, burning, or mocking alteration of portraits of political leaders or statesmen. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	defacement, burning pre-icon. factual mocking pre-icon. expressional	political leaders or statesmen iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch prints or medals
Jaimes & Chang	prints or medals 1 type/technique	defacement, burning, or mocking alteration 6 generic scene political leaders or statesmen 5 generic object	—	satirical 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints P type/technique	burning C general event political leaders or statesmen C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school prints or medals L2 medium/materials depicting the defacement, burning, or mocking alteration of portraits of political leaders or statesmen L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

11. Find high-resolution museum photographs of Martin Schongauer's engraving Christ Carrying the Cross, showing the entire composition with details of the crowd, Christ's pose, and the hatching techniques.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	crowd pre-icon. factual	Christ Carrying the Cross iconographical	—	—	high-resolution museum photographs Martin Schongauer's engraving hatching techniques
Jaimes & Chang	engraving 1 type/technique hatching techniques 3 local structure entire composition 4 global composition	crowd 5 generic object	Christ's 7 specific object Christ Carrying the Cross 8 specific scene	—	Martin Schongauer's B biographical museum P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	engraving P type/technique entire composition P composition pose P shape	crowd C general object	Christ Carrying the Cross C specific event Christ's C specific object	—	Martin Schongauer NV creator museum NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition hatching techniques L1 line quality	engraving L2 medium/materials details of the crowd, Christ's pose L2 subject/genre	Christ Carrying the Cross L3 iconography	—	Martin Schongauer's L4 artist biography	—

12. Find high-resolution museum photographs of Rembrandt's etching known as The Hundred Guilder Print, showing the full composition and details of the figures on both the illuminated left side and the dark right side.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution museum photographs Rembrandt's etching The Hundred Guilder Print
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique illuminated left side and the dark right side 2 global distribution full composition 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object	The Hundred Guilder Print 7 specific object	—	Rembrandt's B biographical museum P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full composition P composition dark P color	figures C general object	—	—	Rembrandt's NV creator The Hundred Guilder Print NV title museum NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition illuminated left side and the dark right side L1 chiaroscuro	etching L2 medium/materials figures L2 subject/genre	—	—	Rembrandt's L4 artist biography	The Hundred Guilder Print

13. Find photographs of drawings, etchings, or paintings by Rembrandt depicting scenes from the Passion of Christ, such as Christ carrying the cross, the Ecce Homo, or the Crucifixion, focusing on multi-figure compositions and dramatic lighting.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	multi-figure compositions pre-icon. factual dramatic lighting pre-icon. expressional	scenes from the Passion of Christ iconographical	—	—	photographs of drawings, etchings, or paintings by Rembrandt
Jaimes & Chang	drawings, etchings, or paintings 1 type/technique dramatic lighting 2 global distribution multi-figure compositions 4 global composition	—	Christ 7 specific object scenes from the Passion of Christ 8 specific scene	—	by Rembrandt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique multi-figure compositions P composition dramatic lighting P color	cross C general object	Passion of Christ C specific event Christ C specific object	—	Rembrandt NV creator	—
L1–L5	multi-figure compositions L1 composition dramatic lighting L1 chiaroscuro	drawings, etchings, or paintings L2 medium/materials	scenes from the Passion of Christ, such as Christ carrying the cross, the Ecce Homo, or the Crucifixion L3 iconography	—	Rembrandt L4 artist biography	—

14. Find photographs of fifteenth and sixteenth-century Northern European engravings or woodcuts depicting Christ carrying the cross, featuring dense crowds, expressive figures, and dramatic landscape backdrops. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	dense crowds pre-icon. factual expressive figures pre-icon. expressional	Christ carrying the cross iconographical	—	—	photographs of fifteenth and sixteenth-century Northern European engravings or woodcuts
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	expressive figures 5 generic object landscape backdrops 6 generic scene	Christ 7 specific object Christ carrying the cross 8 specific scene	—	fifteenth and sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	crowds C general object landscape backdrops C general place	Christ C specific object carrying the cross C specific event	—	fifteenth and sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	dense crowds L1 composition	Northern European L2 style/school engravings or woodcuts L2 medium/materials landscape backdrops L2 subject/genre	Christ carrying the cross L3 iconography	expressive figures L5 sublime/emotion	fifteenth and sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

15. Find photographs of genre paintings by Dirck van Baburen, including works like Man Singing, Singing Man, Violinist and Courtesan, Courtesan Making an Obscene Gesture, The Procuress, or Loose Company, showing half-length figures in tavern or musical settings.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	half-length figures pre-icon. factual Obscene Gesture pre-icon. expressional	The Procuress iconographical	—	—	photographs genre paintings by Dirck van Baburen
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique half-length 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object tavern 6 generic scene	The Procuress 7 specific object	—	Dirck van Baburen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique half-length P composition	figures C general object tavern C general place	—	—	genre paintings NV date/style/period Dirck van Baburen NV creator The Procuress NV title	—
L1–L5	half-length figures L1 composition	genre paintings L2 subject/genre	The Procuress L3 iconography	—	Dirck van Baburen L4 artist biography	—

16. Find photographs of religious paintings by Dirck van Baburen, specifically his Entombment or Pietà, focusing on dramatic chiaroscuro and figurative arrangements.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figurative pre-icon. factual dramatic pre-icon. expressional	Entombment or Pietà iconographical	—	—	photographs Dirck van Baburen chiaroscuro
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dramatic chiaroscuro 2 global distribution figurative arrangements 4 global composition	—	Entombment 8 specific scene	religious 10 abstract scene	Dirck van Baburen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique dramatic chiaroscuro P color figurative arrangements P composition	—	Entombment or Pietà C specific event	religious C abstract object	Dirck van Baburen NV creator	—
L1–L5	dramatic chiaroscuro L1 chiaroscuro figurative arrangements L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials religious L2 subject/genre	Entombment or Pietà L3 iconography	—	Dirck van Baburen L4 artist biography	—

17. Find photographs of paintings by Angelo Caroselli depicting half-length figures of musicians, singers, courtesans, or allegorical subjects with strong chiaroscuro. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	half-length figures of musicians, singers, courtesans pre-icon. factual	allegorical subjects iconographical	—	—	photographs of paintings by Angelo Caroselli strong chiaroscuro
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique strong chiaroscuro 2 global distribution half-length 4 global composition	musicians, singers, courtesans 5 generic object	—	allegorical subjects 9 abstract object	Angelo Caroselli B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique half-length P composition strong chiaroscuro P color	musicians C general object	—	allegorical subjects C abstract object	paintings NV material Angelo Caroselli NV creator	—
L1–L5	strong chiaroscuro L1 chiaroscuro	paintings L2 medium/materials half-length figures of musicians, singers, courtesans L2 subject/genre	allegorical subjects L3 symbolism	—	Angelo Caroselli L4 artist biography	—

18. Find photographs of religious paintings by Angelo Caroselli, such as depictions of the Pietà, showing dramatic lighting and emotional intensity. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	emotional intensity pre-icon. expressional	depictions of the Pietà iconographical	—	—	photographs paintings by Angelo Caroselli
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dramatic lighting 2 global distribution	—	Pietà 8 specific scene	emotional intensity 10 abstract scene	by Angelo Caroselli B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique dramatic lighting P color	—	Pietà C specific event	emotional intensity C abstract object	Angelo Caroselli NV creator	—
L1–L5	dramatic lighting L1 chiaroscuro	paintings L2 medium/materials religious paintings L2 subject/genre	Pietà L3 iconography	emotional intensity L5 sublime/emotion	Angelo Caroselli L4 artist biography	—

19. Find high-resolution detail photographs of Rembrandt's painting 'The Visitation' (1640) focusing on the African maidservant holding the cloak of Mary.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	African maidservant holding the cloak pre-icon. factual	'The Visitation' iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs Rembrandt's painting 1640
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition	maidservant 5 generic object	Mary 7 specific object 'The Visitation' 8 specific scene	—	Rembrandt's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	African maidservant C general object holding C general event	Mary C specific object	—	Rembrandt's NV creator 'The Visitation' NV title 1640 NV date/style/period	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials African maidservant holding the cloak of Mary L2 subject/genre	'The Visitation' L3 iconography	—	Rembrandt's L4 artist biography 1640 L4 period evolution	—

20. Find paintings and prints from 15th- to 17th-century Northern Europe depicting the Visitation of the Virgin Mary to Elizabeth, showing the full composition and any accompanying figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	accompanying figures pre-icon. factual	Visitation of the Virgin Mary to Elizabeth iconographical	—	—	paintings and prints from 15th- to 17th-century Northern Europe full composition
Jaimes & Chang	paintings and prints 1 type/technique full composition 4 global composition	accompanying figures 5 generic object	Visitation of the Virgin Mary to Elizabeth 8 specific scene Virgin Mary 7 specific object	—	15th- to 17th-century Northern Europe B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings and prints P type/technique full composition P composition	accompanying figures C general object	Visitation C specific event Virgin Mary C specific object	—	15th- to 17th-century NV date/style/period Northern Europe NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition	paintings and prints L2 medium/materials accompanying figures L2 subject/genre Northern Europe L2 style/school	Visitation of the Virgin Mary to Elizabeth L3 iconography	—	15th- to 17th-century L4 period evolution	—

Queries 21–300

21. Find 17th-century Dutch paintings depicting African figures, servants, or attendants in domestic interiors, biblical scenes, or historical narratives. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	African figures pre-icon. factual	biblical scenes iconographical	—	—	17th-century Dutch paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	African figures, servants, or attendants 5 generic object domestic interiors 6 generic scene	biblical scenes 8 specific scene	—	17th-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	African figures C general object domestic interiors C general place	biblical scenes C specific event	—	17th-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials African figures, servants, or attendants in domestic interiors L2 subject/genre	biblical scenes L3 literary references	—	17th-century L4 period evolution	—

22. Find high-resolution photographs of the painting Mars and Venus by Jan Lievens, including overall views and details of the figures' faces and costumes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	faces pre-icon. factual	Mars and Venus iconographical	—	—	photographs painting Jan Lievens
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details 3 local structure overall views 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object	Mars and Venus 7 specific object	—	Jan Lievens B biographical high-resolution P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique overall views and details P composition	figures' faces and costumes C general object	—	—	Jan Lievens NV creator Mars and Venus NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials figures' faces and costumes L2 subject/genre	Mars and Venus L3 iconography	—	Jan Lievens L4 artist biography	—

23. Find mid-seventeenth-century Dutch court paintings from The Hague depicting historical or mythological portraits, known as portraits historiés, showing court members as classical deities. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	court members pre-icon. factual	classical deities iconographical	—	—	mid-seventeenth-century Dutch court paintings from The Hague
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	court members 5 generic object	classical deities 7 specific object	showing court members as classical deities 9 abstract object	mid-seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	court members C general object	classical deities C specific object	—	mid-seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials historical or mythological portraits L2 subject/genre Dutch court L2 style/school	showing court members as classical deities L3 iconography	—	mid-seventeenth-century L4 period evolution from The Hague L4 provenance	—

24. Find photographs of mid-seventeenth-century allegorical and mythological paintings commissioned for the palaces of the House of Orange-Nassau in The Hague. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	allegorical and mythological iconographical	—	—	photographs mid-seventeenth-century paintings commissioned for the palaces of the House of Orange-Nassau in The Hague
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	—	mythological 8 specific scene	allegorical 10 abstract scene	mid-seventeenth-century B biographical palaces of the House of Orange-Nassau in The Hague P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	mythological C specific object	allegorical C abstract object	mid-seventeenth-century NV date/style/period commissioned for the House of Orange-Nassau NV creator in The Hague NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials	mythological L3 iconography allegorical L3 symbolism commissioned for the palaces of the House of Orange-Nassau in The Hague L3 patronage/function	—	mid-seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

25. Find high-resolution museum photographs and detail views of the Indian silk double-ikat ceremonial banner, known as a patolu, from the TAPI Collection, India, accession number 05.34.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	ceremonial banner pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution museum photographs silk double-ikat from the TAPI Collection, India, accession number 05.34
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail views 4 global composition	ceremonial banner 5 generic object	—	—	TAPI Collection P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	ceremonial banner C general object	—	—	Indian NV culture/location silk NV material	accession number 05.34
L1–L5	—	Indian L2 style/school silk double-ikat L2 medium/materials	ceremonial banner L3 patronage/function	—	TAPI Collection, India, accession number 05.34 L4 provenance	—

26. Find museum photographs of late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century trade textiles produced in South Asia for export to maritime Southeast Asia, including silk double-ikat and painted or printed cottons. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	museum photographs late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century trade textiles produced in South Asia for export to maritime Southeast Asia silk double-ikat and painted or printed cottons
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	trade textiles 5 generic object	—	—	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century B biographical museum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	textiles C general object	maritime Southeast Asia C specific place	—	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century NV date/style/period South Asia NV culture/location silk NV material	—
L1–L5	—	silk double-ikat and painted or printed cottons L2 medium/materials	—	produced in South Asia for export to maritime Southeast Asia L5 cross-cultural	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

27. Find sixteenth- or seventeenth-century European paintings or prints depicting a scholar, philosopher, or collector standing next to and touching a portrait bust. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	standing next to and touching a portrait bust pre-icon. factual	scholar, philosopher, or collector iconographical	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century European paintings or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings or prints 1 type/technique	scholar, philosopher, or collector standing next to and touching a portrait bust 5 generic object	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings or prints P type/technique next to P composition	scholar, philosopher, or collector C general object touching C general event	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century NV date/style/period European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	European L2 style/school paintings or prints L2 medium/materials depicting a scholar, philosopher, or collector standing next to and touching a portrait bust L2 subject/genre	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

28. Find high-resolution photographs or digital reproductions of Gillis Coignet's work depicting the 1592 lottery for the Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis), showing both the complete composition and close-up details of the figures and architecture.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	lottery for the Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) iconographical	—	—	photographs or digital reproductions Gillis Coignet's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique complete composition 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object	Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) 7 specific object 1592 lottery for the Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) 8 specific scene	—	Gillis Coignet's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique complete composition P composition	figures C general object architecture C general place	1592 C specific time lottery for the Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) C specific event Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) C specific place	—	Gillis Coignet NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	figures and architecture L2 subject/genre	lottery for the Amsterdam Madhouse (Dolhuis) L3 iconography	—	1592 L4 period evolution Gillis Coignet's L4 artist biography	—

29. Find late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century maps, plans, or topographical prints of Amsterdam that depict the Dolhuis (Madhouse) or the surrounding streets and public spaces. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	streets and public spaces pre-icon. factual	Amsterdam iconographical	—	—	late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century maps, plans, or topographical prints
Jaimes & Chang	maps, plans, or topographical prints 1 type/technique	streets 5 generic object public spaces 6 generic scene	Amsterdam 8 specific scene Dolhuis (Madhouse) 7 specific object	—	late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	maps, plans, or topographical prints P type/technique	streets and public spaces C general place	Amsterdam C specific place Dolhuis (Madhouse) C specific object	—	late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	prints L2 medium/materials streets and public spaces L2 subject/genre	Dolhuis (Madhouse) L3 iconography	—	late sixteenth-century or early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

30. Find sixteenth- or seventeenth-century Netherlandish prints, drawings, or paintings depicting public lotteries, particularly those showing temporary outdoor stages, crowds of spectators, and officials drawing tickets. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	temporary outdoor stages pre-icon. factual	public lotteries iconographical	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century Netherlandish prints, drawings, or paintings
Jaimes & Chang	prints, drawings, or paintings 1 type/technique	temporary outdoor stages 5 generic object public lotteries 6 generic scene	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints, drawings, or paintings P type/technique	public lotteries C general event outdoor C general place crowds of spectators C general object	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Netherlandish L2 style/school prints, drawings, or paintings L2 medium/materials public lotteries, particularly those showing temporary outdoor stages, crowds of spectators, and officials drawing tickets L2 subject/genre	—	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

31. Find high-resolution detail photographs and technical images of Peter Paul Rubens's painting Head of Medusa, focusing on the brushwork, paint layers, and texture of the blood and snakes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	blood and snakes pre-icon. factual	Head of Medusa iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs and technical images Peter Paul Rubens's painting brushwork, paint layers, and texture
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique brushwork 3 local structure detail 4 global composition	snakes 5 generic object	Head of Medusa 7 specific object	—	Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs and technical images P type/technique brushwork, paint layers, and texture P texture	snakes C general object	—	—	Peter Paul Rubens's NV creator Head of Medusa NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	texture L1 texture	brushwork L2 brushwork paint layers L2 colouring technique painting L2 medium/materials blood and snakes L2 subject/genre	Head of Medusa L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography	—

32. Find high-resolution detail photographs of Peter Paul Rubens's painting Deucalion and Pyrrha, focusing on the figures emerging from stones and the visual transition from mineral to flesh.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures emerging from stones pre-icon. factual	Deucalion and Pyrrha iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs Peter Paul Rubens's painting
Jaimes & Chang	detail 4 global composition photographs 1 type/technique visual transition from mineral to flesh 3 local structure	figures 5 generic object	Deucalion and Pyrrha 8 specific scene	—	high-resolution P physical Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	figures C general object emerging from stones C general event	Deucalion and Pyrrha C specific object	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	visual transition from mineral to flesh L1 texture	painting L2 medium/materials figures emerging from stones L2 subject/genre	Deucalion and Pyrrha L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography	—

33. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Flemish or Dutch paintings depicting the myth of Deucalion and Pyrrha, the discovery of Erichthonius, or the head of Medusa, focusing on how the transformation of matter is visually rendered. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	myth of Deucalion and Pyrrha iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Flemish or Dutch paintings how the transformation of matter is visually rendered
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	head of Medusa 7 specific object myth of Deucalion and Pyrrha 8 specific scene	transformation of matter 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Flemish or Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	discovery of Erichthonius C specific event head of Medusa C specific object	transformation of matter C abstract event	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish or Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	transformation of matter is visually rendered L1 texture	Flemish or Dutch L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials	myth of Deucalion and Pyrrha, the discovery of Erichthonius, or the head of Medusa L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

34. Find drawings, sketches, and wash designs attributed to the artist Gérard de Lairesse, showing classical, mythological, or biblical subjects.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	classical, mythological, or biblical subjects iconographical	—	—	drawings, sketches, and wash designs attributed to the artist Gérard de Lairesse
Jaimes & Chang	drawings, sketches, and wash designs 1 type/technique	—	classical, mythological, or biblical subjects 8 specific scene	—	artist Gérard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings, sketches, and wash designs P type/technique	—	classical, mythological, or biblical subjects C specific object	—	artist Gérard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	drawings, sketches, and wash designs L2 medium/materials	classical, mythological, or biblical subjects L3 iconography	—	attributed to the artist Gérard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

35. Find prints, etchings, and engravings designed or executed by Gérard de Lairesse, particularly those depicting allegorical, historical, or mythological scenes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	allegorical, historical, or mythological scenes iconographical	—	—	prints, etchings, and engravings designed or executed by Gérard de Lairesse
Jaimes & Chang	prints, etchings, and engravings 1 type/technique	—	historical, or mythological scenes 8 specific scene	allegorical 10 abstract scene	designed or executed by Gérard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints, etchings, and engravings P type/technique	—	historical, or mythological scenes C specific event	allegorical C abstract event	Gérard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	prints, etchings, and engravings L2 medium/materials allegorical, historical, or mythological scenes L2 subject/genre	historical, or mythological scenes L3 iconography allegorical L3 symbolism	—	designed or executed by Gérard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

36. Find classicizing history paintings, mythological scenes, and allegorical ceiling decorations painted by Gérard de Lairesse.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	mythological scenes iconographical	—	—	classicizing Gérard de Lairesse
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	history paintings 6 generic scene	—	allegorical 10 abstract scene	painted by Gérard de Lairesse B biographical	classicizing
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	ceiling C general place	mythological scenes C specific event	allegorical C abstract object	Gérard de Lairesse NV creator classicizing NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	classicizing L2 style/school history paintings L2 subject/genre	mythological scenes L3 iconography allegorical L3 symbolism ceiling decorations L3 patronage/function	—	Gérard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

37. Find late seventeenth-century academic drawings, red chalk figure studies, or pen and wash compositional designs of mythological or historical scenes by classicizing artists of the period. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figure pre-icon. factual	mythological or historical scenes iconographical	—	—	late seventeenth-century academic drawings red chalk pen and wash classicizing artists of the period
Jaimes & Chang	drawings 1 type/technique compositional designs 4 global composition	figure 5 generic object mythological or historical scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	classicizing artists B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	red P color drawings P type/technique compositional P composition	figure C general object	mythological or historical scenes C specific event	—	late seventeenth-century NV date/style/period pen and wash NV material artists NV creator	—
L1–L5	compositional designs L1 composition	pen and wash L2 medium/materials figure studies L2 subject/genre classicizing L2 style/school	mythological or historical scenes L3 iconography	—	late seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

38. Find photographs of paintings and altarpieces executed by Juan de Flandes during his career in Castile, showing details of material execution, gilding, and scale.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs paintings and altarpieces Juan de Flandes during his career in Castile details of material execution, gilding, and scale
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique details of material execution 3 local structure	altarpieces 5 generic object	—	—	Juan de Flandes B biographical scale P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	paintings and altarpieces C general object	—	—	Juan de Flandes NV creator Castile NV culture/location gilding NV material	scale
L1–L5	—	material execution L2 medium/materials	altarpieces L3 patronage/function	—	executed by Juan de Flandes L4 artist biography during his career in Castile L4 period evolution	scale

39. Find photographs of late Gothic and early Renaissance Flemish-style altarpieces, retables, or devotional panels commissioned for or imported into early modern Spain. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs late Gothic and early Renaissance Flemish-style altarpieces, retables, or devotional panels commissioned for or imported into early modern Spain
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	altarpieces, retables, or devotional panels 5 generic object	—	—	commissioned for B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	altarpieces, retables, or devotional panels C general object	Spain C specific place	—	late Gothic and early Renaissance NV date/style/period Flemish-style NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Flemish-style L2 style/school	altarpieces, retables, or devotional panels L3 patronage/function	imported into early modern Spain L5 cross-cultural	late Gothic and early Renaissance L4 period evolution	—

40. Find photographs of paintings and drawings securely attributed to the Antwerp artist Jan de Beer.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs of paintings and drawings securely attributed to the Antwerp artist Jan de Beer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs of paintings and drawings 1 type/technique	—	—	—	Antwerp artist Jan de Beer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Jan de Beer NV creator Antwerp NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings and drawings L2 medium/materials	—	—	securely attributed to the Antwerp artist Jan de Beer L4 artist biography	—

41. Find images of early sixteenth-century manuscript registers or guild documents from Antwerp that record the membership or offices of Jan de Beer.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	early sixteenth-century manuscript registers or guild documents from Antwerp record the membership or offices of Jan de Beer
Jaimes & Chang	manuscript 1 type/technique	registers or guild documents 5 generic object	Jan de Beer 7 specific object	—	early sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	—	registers or guild documents C general object	Jan de Beer C specific object membership or offices of Jan de Beer C specific relation	—	early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period manuscript NV material Antwerp NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript L2 medium/materials	—	—	early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution membership or offices of Jan de Beer L4 artist biography	—

42. Find photographs of early sixteenth-century paintings from Antwerp that are workshop copies or close variants of compositions by Jan de Beer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs early sixteenth-century paintings from Antwerp workshop copies or close variants of compositions by Jan de Beer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique compositions 4 global composition	—	—	—	Jan de Beer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Antwerp NV culture/location workshop copies NV relation/source Jan de Beer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials from Antwerp L2 style/school	—	—	early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution Jan de Beer L4 artist biography workshop copies or close variants L4 influence/legacy	—

43. Find photographs of early sixteenth-century stained glass panels or design drawings from Antwerp showing stylistic links to the workshop of Jan de Beer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs early sixteenth-century stained glass panels or design drawings from Antwerp stylistic links to the workshop of Jan de Beer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	stained glass panels 5 generic object	—	—	workshop of Jan de Beer B biographical	stylistic links
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period stained glass NV material from Antwerp NV culture/location stylistic links to NV relation/source workshop of Jan de Beer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	stained glass panels or design drawings L2 medium/materials Antwerp L2 style/school	—	—	early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution workshop of Jan de Beer L4 artist biography stylistic links to L4 influence/legacy	—

44. Find technical photographs, infrared reflectograms, or macro details of paintings and drawings by Jan de Beer that show abraded surfaces, removed signatures, or overpainted monograms.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	technical photographs, infrared reflectograms, or macro details paintings and drawings Jan de Beer abraded surfaces, removed signatures, or overpainted monograms
Jaimes & Chang	technical photographs 1 type/technique macro details 4 global composition	monograms 5 generic object	—	—	Jan de Beer B biographical abraded surfaces P physical	—
Hollink et al.	technical photographs P type/technique abraded surfaces P texture	monograms C general object	—	—	Jan de Beer NV creator	—
L1–L5	abraded surfaces L1 texture	paintings and drawings L2 medium/materials	removed signatures, or overpainted monograms L3 signature/inscription	—	Jan de Beer L4 artist biography	—

45. Find sixteenth-century archival documents or written inventories from Antwerp mentioning painters and workshops.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	painters and workshops pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	sixteenth-century archival documents or written inventories from Antwerp
Jaimes & Chang	archival documents or written inventories 1 type/technique	painters 5 generic object	—	—	sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	—	painters C general object workshops C general place	—	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period from Antwerp NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	archival documents or written inventories L2 medium/materials	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution from Antwerp L4 provenance painters and workshops L4 artist biography	—

46. Find portrait drawings by Hendrick Goltzius of his artist contemporaries, including Giambologna, Pietro Francavilla, Johannes Stradanus, Jacopo Palma il Giovane, Johannes Sadeler, Dirck de Vries, Johan Dideringh, or the Portrait of a Young Man, probably Jacob Matham, executed in colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, and washes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Young Man pre-icon. factual	Giambologna iconographical	—	—	drawings by Hendrick Goltzius executed in colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, and washes
Jaimes & Chang	drawings 1 type/technique	artist contemporaries 5 generic object	Giambologna 7 specific object	—	Hendrick Goltzius B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portrait drawings P type/technique	artist contemporaries C general object	Giambologna C specific object	—	Hendrick Goltzius NV creator Portrait of a Young Man NV title colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, and washes NV material	—
L1–L5	—	portrait L2 subject/genre colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, and washes L2 medium/materials	Giambologna, Pietro Francavilla, Johannes Stradanus, Jacopo Palma il Giovane, Johannes Sadeler, Dirck de Vries, Johan Dideringh, or the Portrait of a Young Man, probably Jacob Matham L3 iconography	—	by Hendrick Goltzius L4 artist biography	—

47. Find late sixteenth-century portrait drawings executed in colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, or pastel on paper, showing the use of multiple chalk colors for realistic skin tones. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	skin tones pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	late sixteenth-century drawings executed in colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, or pastel on paper
Jaimes & Chang	drawings 1 type/technique realistic skin tones 3 local structure	portrait 5 generic object	—	—	late sixteenth-century B biographical paper P physical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings P type/technique realistic skin tones P color	portrait C general object	—	—	late sixteenth-century NV date/style/period colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, or pastel on paper NV material	—
L1–L5	skin tones L1 colour palette	portrait L2 subject/genre colored chalks, red chalk, black chalk, or pastel on paper L2 medium/materials use of multiple chalk colors L2 colouring technique	—	—	late sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

48. Find paintings and prints by Allart van Everdingen depicting rocky Scandinavian landscapes, rushing waterfalls, and towering pine forests.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	rocky Scandinavian landscapes, rushing waterfalls, and towering pine forests pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	paintings and prints Allart van Everdingen
Jaimes & Chang	paintings and prints 1 type/technique	rushing waterfalls 5 generic object landscapes 6 generic scene	Scandinavian landscapes 8 specific scene	—	Allart van Everdingen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings and prints P type/technique rocky P texture towering P shape	landscapes C general place rushing C general event waterfalls C general object	Scandinavian C specific place	—	Allart van Everdingen NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings and prints L2 medium/materials rocky Scandinavian landscapes, rushing waterfalls, and towering pine forests L2 subject/genre	—	—	Allart van Everdingen L4 artist biography	—

49. Find seventeenth-century Dutch landscape paintings and prints depicting wild, mountainous terrains, rushing torrents, and steep rocky cliffs by artists of the Dutch Golden Age. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	wild pre-icon. expressional mountainous terrains, rushing torrents, and steep rocky cliffs pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings and prints artists of the Dutch Golden Age
Jaimes & Chang	paintings and prints 1 type/technique	landscape 6 generic scene steep rocky cliffs 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings and prints P type/technique	landscape C general place rushing C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location artists NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch Golden Age L2 style/school paintings and prints L2 medium/materials wild, mountainous terrains, rushing torrents, and steep rocky cliffs L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution artists L4 artist biography	—

50. Find early seventeenth-century tonal landscape paintings from Holland characterized by a restricted palette and rapid, sketchy brushwork. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	landscape pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	early seventeenth-century paintings from Holland restricted palette rapid, sketchy brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique restricted palette 2 global distribution rapid, sketchy brushwork 3 local structure	landscape 6 generic scene	—	—	early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique restricted palette P color rapid, sketchy brushwork P texture	landscape C general place	—	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Holland NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	restricted palette L1 colour palette	rapid, sketchy brushwork L2 brushwork paintings L2 medium/materials landscape L2 subject/genre from Holland L2 style/school	—	—	early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

51. Find photographs of the miniature painting by Bernard Lens III copying the composition of Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans iconographical	—	—	photographs miniature painting by Bernard Lens III
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique composition 4 global composition	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans 7 specific object	—	by Bernard Lens III B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	miniature painting P type/technique composition P composition	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans C specific object	—	Bernard Lens III NV creator copying NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	miniature painting L2 medium/materials Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans L2 subject/genre	—	—	Bernard Lens III L4 artist biography copying L4 influence/legacy	—

52. Find photographs of the original oil painting Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans iconographical	—	—	photographs oil painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans 7 specific object	—	Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Helena Fourment C specific object	—	oil NV material Rubens NV creator Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans NV title	—
L1–L5	—	oil painting L2 medium/materials His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans L2 subject/genre	—	—	Rubens L4 artist biography	—

53. Find photographs of cabinet miniatures painted on ivory or vellum by Bernard Lens III that are copies after Old Master oil paintings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs cabinet miniatures painted on ivory or vellum Bernard Lens III copies after Old Master oil paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	Bernard Lens III B biographical ivory or vellum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	ivory or vellum NV material Bernard Lens III NV creator copies after NV relation/source Old Master NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	cabinet miniatures L2 subject/genre painted on ivory or vellum L2 medium/materials Old Master L2 style/school	—	—	Bernard Lens III L4 artist biography copies after L4 influence/legacy	—

54. Find photographs of late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century English cabinet miniatures that copy large-scale gallery paintings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century English cabinet miniatures copy large-scale gallery paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century English B biographical large-scale P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	cabinet miniatures C general object	—	—	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century NV date/style/period English NV culture/location copy large-scale gallery paintings NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	English L2 style/school cabinet miniatures L2 subject/genre	—	—	late seventeenth- or early eighteenth-century L4 period evolution copy large-scale gallery paintings L4 influence/legacy	—

55. Find historical photographs or prints showing the interior gallery displays, exhibition rooms, or installations of the Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in Amsterdam during the late nineteenth century.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	interior gallery displays, exhibition rooms, or installations pre-icon. factual	Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in Amsterdam iconographical	—	—	historical photographs or prints during the late nineteenth century
Jaimes & Chang	photographs or prints 1 type/technique	interior gallery displays, exhibition rooms, or installations 6 generic scene	Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in Amsterdam 7 specific object	—	late nineteenth century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs or prints P type/technique	exhibition rooms C general place	Amsterdamsch Museum van het Koninklijk Oudheidkundig Genootschap in Amsterdam C specific place	—	late nineteenth century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	photographs or prints L2 medium/materials interior gallery displays, exhibition rooms, or installations L2 subject/genre	—	—	late nineteenth century L4 period evolution	—

56. Find photographs of the fifteenth-century panel painting Christ Bearing the Cross attributed to the circle of the Master of Evert Zoudenbalch, showing the entire composition and high-resolution details of the figures.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	Christ Bearing the Cross iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century panel painting attributed to the circle of the Master of Evert Zoudenbalch entire composition high-resolution
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details 3 local structure entire composition 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object	Christ Bearing the Cross 8 specific scene	—	fifteenth-century B biographical panel P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique entire composition P composition	figures C general object	Christ Bearing the Cross C specific event	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period panel NV material circle of the Master of Evert Zoudenbalch NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	panel painting L2 medium/materials figures L2 subject/genre	Christ Bearing the Cross L3 iconography	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution attributed to the circle of the Master of Evert Zoudenbalch L4 artist biography	—

57. Find technical photographs, infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or conservation details of Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger's painting Saint Jerome in His Study.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Study pre-icon. factual	Saint Jerome iconographical	—	—	technical photographs, infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or conservation details Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger's painting
Jaimes & Chang	technical photographs 1 type/technique	—	Saint Jerome in His Study 8 specific scene	—	Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger's B biographical conservation details P physical	—
Hollink et al.	technical photographs P type/technique	Study C general place	Saint Jerome C specific object	—	Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger NV creator	conservation details
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	Saint Jerome in His Study L3 iconography	—	Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger L4 artist biography	technical photographs, infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or conservation details

58. Find seventeenth-century court inventories, letters, or patronage records mentioning Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger in London.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	seventeenth-century court inventories, letters, or patronage records Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger in London
Jaimes & Chang	—	—	London 7 specific object	—	Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger B biographical court inventories, letters, or patronage records A associated	—
Hollink et al.	—	court inventories, letters, or patronage records C general object	London C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	—	patronage records L3 patronage/function	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution court inventories L4 provenance Hendrik van Steenwijck the Younger L4 artist biography	—

59. Find sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century Northern European engravings and woodcuts depicting Saint Jerome seated in his study surrounded by books and scholarly objects. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	books and scholarly objects pre-icon. factual	Saint Jerome iconographical	—	—	sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century Northern European engravings and woodcuts
Jaimes & Chang	engravings and woodcuts 1 type/technique	books and scholarly objects 5 generic object study 6 generic scene	Saint Jerome 7 specific object	—	sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings and woodcuts P type/technique	seated C general event study C general place surrounded by C general relation books and scholarly objects C general object	Saint Jerome C specific object	—	sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	engravings and woodcuts L2 medium/materials Northern European L2 style/school seated in his study surrounded by books and scholarly objects L2 subject/genre	Saint Jerome L3 iconography	—	sixteenth-century and early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

60. Find early seventeenth-century paintings of church interiors or domestic rooms created by artists working in Frankfurt. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	church interiors or domestic rooms pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	early seventeenth-century paintings created by artists working in Frankfurt
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	church interiors or domestic rooms 6 generic scene	—	—	early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	church interiors or domestic rooms C general place	—	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period artists NV creator Frankfurt NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials church interiors or domestic rooms L2 subject/genre	—	—	early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution artists working in Frankfurt L4 artist biography	—

61. Find museum photographs of Old Master paintings from the 1889 gift of Henry Gurdon Marquand to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, showing the full compositions.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs Old Master paintings 1889 gift of Henry Gurdon Marquand to the Metropolitan Museum of Art full compositions
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique showing the full compositions 4 global composition	—	—	—	1889 gift of Henry Gurdon Marquand B biographical Metropolitan Museum of Art P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full compositions P composition	—	—	—	Old Master NV date/style/period Henry Gurdon Marquand NV creator Metropolitan Museum of Art NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	full compositions L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials Old Master L2 style/school	—	—	1889 gift of Henry Gurdon Marquand to the Metropolitan Museum of Art L4 provenance	—

62. Find archival gallery photographs of the Metropolitan Museum of Art from the late nineteenth century showing the exhibition galleries containing the Henry Gurdon Marquand collection.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	exhibition galleries pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs late nineteenth century Henry Gurdon Marquand collection
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	exhibition galleries 6 generic scene	Metropolitan Museum of Art 7 specific object	—	late nineteenth century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	exhibition galleries C general place	Metropolitan Museum of Art C specific place Henry Gurdon Marquand collection C specific object	—	late nineteenth century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	photographs L2 medium/materials exhibition galleries L2 subject/genre	—	—	late nineteenth century L4 period evolution Henry Gurdon Marquand collection L4 provenance	—

63. Find high-resolution photographs of the Mérode Altarpiece, including the complete triptych, individual panels of the Annunciation, the carpenter in his workshop, and the donors, as well as close-up details of the domestic interior and symbolic objects.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	domestic interior pre-icon. factual	Annunciation iconographical	—	—	high-resolution photographs Mérode Altarpiece triptych
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique close-up details 4 global composition	donors 5 generic object domestic interior 6 generic scene	Mérode Altarpiece 7 specific object Annunciation 8 specific scene	symbolic objects 9 abstract object	—	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique close-up P composition	carpenter C general object workshop C general place	Mérode Altarpiece C specific object Annunciation C specific event	symbolic objects C abstract object	—	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	carpenter in his workshop L2 subject/genre	Altarpiece L3 patronage/function Annunciation L3 iconography symbolic objects L3 symbolism	—	Mérode L4 provenance	—

64. Find photographs of the Brussels Annunciation painting, showing the entire composition of the Virgin and the angel in an interior setting.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	interior setting pre-icon. factual	Brussels Annunciation iconographical	—	—	photographs painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique entire composition 4 global composition	angel 5 generic object interior setting 6 generic scene	Virgin 7 specific object Brussels Annunciation 8 specific scene	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique entire composition P composition	angel C general object interior setting C general place	Brussels Annunciation painting C specific object	—	—	—
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials Virgin and the angel in an interior setting L2 subject/genre	Brussels Annunciation L3 iconography	—	—	—

65. Find photographs of fifteenth-century paintings depicting the Annunciation set within a detailed domestic interior, featuring symbolic objects like basins, books, candles, or open windows. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	basins, books, candles, or open windows pre-icon. factual	the Annunciation iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	domestic interior 6 generic scene basins, books, candles, or open windows 5 generic object	the Annunciation 8 specific scene	symbolic objects 9 abstract object	fifteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	domestic interior C general place basins, books, candles, or open windows C general object	Annunciation C specific event	symbolic objects C abstract object	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials domestic interior L2 subject/genre	Annunciation L3 iconography symbolic objects L3 symbolism	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

66. Find seventeenth-century architectural drawings or site plans depicting the layout and redesign of The Hague Plein.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	layout pre-icon. factual	The Hague Plein iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century architectural drawings or site plans
Jaimes & Chang	architectural drawings 1 type/technique layout 4 global composition	—	The Hague Plein 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	architectural drawings P type/technique layout P composition	redesign C general event	The Hague Plein C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	architectural drawings L2 medium/materials site plans L2 subject/genre	The Hague Plein L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

67. Find seventeenth-century paintings, prints, or drawings showing views of The Hague Plein, focusing on its open square and surrounding architecture.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	open square and surrounding architecture pre-icon. factual	The Hague Plein iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings, prints, or drawings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, prints, or drawings 1 type/technique views 4 global composition	architecture 5 generic object open square 6 generic scene	The Hague Plein 8 specific scene	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, prints, or drawings P type/technique	open square C general place surrounding architecture C general object	The Hague Plein C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	focusing on its open square L1 composition	paintings, prints, or drawings L2 medium/materials views of The Hague Plein L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

68. Find seventeenth-century architectural plans or maps of public squares and urban expansions in northern European cities. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	public squares pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century architectural plans or maps northern European
Jaimes & Chang	architectural plans or maps 1 type/technique	public squares 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	architectural plans or maps P type/technique	public squares C general place urban expansions C general event	northern European cities C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	architectural plans or maps of public squares and urban expansions L2 subject/genre northern European L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

69. Find seventeenth-century prints or plans of royal squares and symmetrical urban plazas designed under princely patronage. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	symmetrical urban plazas pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century prints or plans princely patronage
Jaimes & Chang	prints 1 type/technique symmetrical 4 global composition	urban plazas 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints or plans P type/technique symmetrical P composition	royal squares C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period princely patronage NV creator	—
L1–L5	symmetrical L1 composition	prints or plans L2 medium/materials royal squares and symmetrical urban plazas L2 subject/genre	princely patronage L3 patronage/function	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

70. Find photographs of 16th-century design drawings by Dirk Vellert for the History of Abraham series, including scenes like The Lord Appearing to Abraham, Abraham and Pharaoh, Abraham Rescues Lot, or The Lord Makes His Covenant with Abraham.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Lord Appearing to Abraham iconographical	—	—	photographs 16th-century design drawings by Dirk Vellert
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Abraham 7 specific object The Lord Appearing to Abraham 8 specific scene	—	Dirk Vellert B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	The Lord Appearing to Abraham C specific event	—	16th-century NV date/style/period Dirk Vellert NV creator for the History of Abraham series NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	design drawings L2 medium/materials	The Lord Appearing to Abraham L3 iconography	—	16th-century L4 period evolution Dirk Vellert L4 artist biography	—

71. Find photographs of 16th-century painted glass roundels of the History of Abraham series, representing scenes like The Lord Appearing to Abraham, Abraham and Pharaoh, Abraham Rescues Lot, or The Lord Makes His Covenant with Abraham, designed by Dirk Vellert.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	History of Abraham series iconographical	—	—	photographs 16th-century painted glass roundels designed by Dirk Vellert
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Abraham 7 specific object The Lord Appearing to Abraham 8 specific scene	—	designed by Dirk Vellert B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique roundels P shape	—	The Lord Appearing to Abraham C specific event	—	16th-century NV date/style/period painted glass NV material History of Abraham series NV relation/source Dirk Vellert NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painted glass roundels L2 medium/materials	The Lord Appearing to Abraham, Abraham and Pharaoh, Abraham Rescues Lot, or The Lord Makes His Covenant with Abraham L3 iconography	—	16th-century L4 period evolution designed by Dirk Vellert L4 artist biography	—

72. Find technical images, such as X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms, of Peter Paul Rubens's painting The Fall of Phaeton showing underlying paint layers and pentimenti.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Fall of Phaeton iconographical	—	—	technical images, such as X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms Peter Paul Rubens's painting underlying paint layers and pentimenti
Jaimes & Chang	X-radiographs 1 type/technique pentimenti 3 local structure	—	The Fall of Phaeton 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms P type/technique pentimenti P composition	—	The Fall of Phaeton C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens's NV creator paint layers NV material	—
L1–L5	—	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms L2 medium/materials underlying paint layers and pentimenti L2 brushwork	The Fall of Phaeton L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography	—

73. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the paint surface of Peter Paul Rubens's painting The Fall of Phaeton, focusing on brushwork, impasto, and paint layers.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Fall of Phaeton iconographical	—	—	photographs Peter Paul Rubens's brushwork, impasto, and paint layers
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique brushwork 3 local structure detail 4 global composition	—	The Fall of Phaeton 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical paint surface P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique impasto P texture	—	The Fall of Phaeton C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator paint NV material	high-resolution
L1–L5	paint surface L1 texture	painting L2 medium/materials brushwork L2 brushwork paint layers L2 colouring technique	The Fall of Phaeton L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography	—

74. Find conservation reports, pigment analysis data, or canvas thread-match studies for Peter Paul Rubens's painting The Fall of Phaeton.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Fall of Phaeton iconographical	—	—	conservation reports, pigment analysis data, or canvas thread-match studies Peter Paul Rubens's painting
Jaimes & Chang	painting 1 type/technique	—	The Fall of Phaeton 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical conservation reports, pigment analysis data, or canvas thread-match studies A associated	—
Hollink et al.	painting P type/technique	—	The Fall of Phaeton C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens's NV creator canvas NV material	conservation reports, pigment analysis data, or canvas thread-match studies
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	The Fall of Phaeton L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography	conservation reports, pigment analysis data, or canvas thread-match studies

75. Find X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms of paintings executed by Peter Paul Rubens during his early career, specifically between 1600 and 1608, showing underdrawing or pentimenti. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms paintings Peter Paul Rubens between 1600 and 1608 underdrawing or pentimenti
Jaimes & Chang	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms 1 type/technique underdrawing 3 local structure	—	—	—	executed by Peter Paul Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms P type/technique	underdrawing or pentimenti C general object	—	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator between 1600 and 1608 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	underdrawing L1 line quality pentimenti L1 composition	X-radiographs or infrared reflectograms L2 medium/materials	—	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography between 1600 and 1608 L4 period evolution	—

76. Find photographs of fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century Netherlandish devotional diptychs showing a donor portrait paired with the Virgin and Child or Christ. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Virgin and Child or Christ iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century Netherlandish devotional diptychs
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique paired with 4 global composition	donor portrait 5 generic object	Virgin and Child 7 specific object	devotional 10 abstract scene	fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique paired with P composition	donor portrait C general object	Virgin and Child C specific object	—	fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	diptychs L2 medium/materials donor portrait L2 subject/genre Netherlandish L2 style/school	Virgin and Child or Christ L3 iconography devotional L3 patronage/function	—	fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

77. Find high-resolution photographs showing the entire composition of Hans Memling's Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ iconographical	—	—	high-resolution photographs entire composition Hans Memling's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique entire composition 4 global composition	—	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ 8 specific scene	—	Hans Memling's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	entire composition P composition photographs P type/technique	—	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ C specific object	—	Hans Memling NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition	—	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ L3 iconography	—	Hans Memling L4 artist biography	—

78. Find detail photographs of Hans Memling's Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ focusing on the pathways, roads, hills, and architectural elements that connect different narrative episodes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	pathways, roads, hills, and architectural elements pre-icon. factual	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ iconographical	—	—	detail photographs Hans Memling's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition	pathways, roads, hills, and architectural elements 5 generic object	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ 8 specific scene	—	Hans Memling's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique detail P composition	pathways, roads, hills C general place architectural elements C general object narrative episodes C general event connect different narrative episodes C general relation	—	—	Hans Memling's NV creator Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ NV title	—
L1–L5	connect different narrative episodes L1 composition	pathways, roads, hills, and architectural elements L2 subject/genre	Scenes from the Advent and Triumph of Christ L3 iconography	—	Hans Memling's L4 artist biography	—

79. Find photographs of fifteenth-century Netherlandish paintings that depict multiple narrative scenes from the life of Christ or the Virgin scattered across a single continuous landscape. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	single continuous landscape pre-icon. factual	narrative scenes from the life of Christ or the Virgin iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century Netherlandish paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique scattered across 4 global composition	landscape 6 generic scene	Christ or the Virgin 7 specific object life of Christ or the Virgin 8 specific scene	—	fifteenth-century Netherlandish B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique scattered across P composition	landscape C general place	life of Christ C specific event Christ C specific object	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	scattered across a single continuous landscape L1 composition	Netherlandish L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials	multiple narrative scenes from the life of Christ or the Virgin L3 iconography	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

80. Find seventeenth-century Dutch genre paintings depicting brothel scenes, procuresses, or transactional encounters in taverns. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	transactional encounters in taverns pre-icon. factual	procuresses iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch genre paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	brothel scenes 6 generic scene procuresses 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	procuresses C general object transactional encounters C general event taverns C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials genre paintings depicting brothel scenes, procuresses, or transactional encounters in taverns L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

81. Find seventeenth-century Dutch engravings, moralizing prints, or emblem book illustrations depicting the dangers of brothels or the prodigal son in a tavern. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	a tavern pre-icon. factual	prodigal son iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch engravings
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	brothels 6 generic scene	prodigal son 7 specific object prodigal son in a tavern 8 specific scene	dangers of brothels 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	brothels C general place	prodigal son C specific object	dangers C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location emblem book illustrations NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school engravings L2 medium/materials dangers of brothels L2 subject/genre	emblem book illustrations L3 literary references prodigal son in a tavern L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

82. Find technical images, such as X-radiographs, infrared reflectograms, or microscopic paint cross-sections, of Vermeer's painting Girl with the Red Hat.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Girl with the Red Hat pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	technical images, such as X-radiographs, infrared reflectograms, or microscopic paint cross-sections Vermeer's painting
Jaimes & Chang	X-radiographs, infrared reflectograms, or microscopic paint cross-sections 1 type/technique	—	Girl with the Red Hat 7 specific object	—	Vermeer's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	X-radiographs, infrared reflectograms, or microscopic paint cross-sections P type/technique	—	Girl with the Red Hat C specific object	—	Vermeer's NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	X-radiographs, infrared reflectograms, or microscopic paint cross-sections L2 medium/materials Girl with the Red Hat L2 subject/genre	—	—	Vermeer's L4 artist biography	—

83. Find high-resolution photographs and close-up details showing the brushwork, lighting, and texture of Vermeer's painting Girl with the Red Hat.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Girl with the Red Hat pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs close-up details brushwork lighting texture Vermeer's painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique brushwork, lighting, and texture 3 local structure close-up details 4 global composition	—	Girl with the Red Hat 7 specific object	—	Vermeer's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique close-up P composition texture P texture	—	Girl with the Red Hat C specific object	—	Vermeer NV creator	lighting
L1–L5	texture L1 texture lighting L1 chiaroscuro	brushwork L2 brushwork painting L2 medium/materials Girl with the Red Hat L2 subject/genre	—	—	Vermeer's L4 artist biography	—

84. Find photographs of small-scale paintings or tronies by Vermeer depicting a single female figure, focusing on those of similar scale or painted on wood panel supports. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	a single female figure pre-icon. factual	tronies iconographical	—	—	photographs small-scale paintings by Vermeer painted on wood panel supports
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	female figure 5 generic object	—	—	by Vermeer B biographical wood panel supports P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique small-scale P shape	single female figure C general object	—	—	Vermeer NV creator wood panel supports NV material	—
L1–L5	—	depicting a single female figure L2 subject/genre wood panel supports L2 medium/materials	—	—	Vermeer L4 artist biography	small-scale

85. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch tronie paintings or portraits depicting figures wearing prominent, exotic, or unusual hats, particularly by contemporaries of Vermeer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures wearing prominent, exotic, or unusual hats pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century tronie paintings or portraits contemporaries of Vermeer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	figures 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	figures C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location contemporaries of Vermeer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials depicting figures wearing prominent, exotic, or unusual hats L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution contemporaries of Vermeer L4 artist biography	—

86. Find high-resolution detail photographs of seventeenth-century Netherlandish oil paintings where a colored ground is visible through thin paint layers, particularly in shadows or background transitions. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	shadows pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs seventeenth-century Netherlandish oil paintings colored ground is visible through thin paint layers
Jaimes & Chang	oil paintings 1 type/technique colored ground 3 local structure detail 4 global composition	—	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	colored P color background transitions P composition photographs P type/technique	ground C general object shadows C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location oil NV material	high-resolution
L1–L5	background L1 composition shadows L1 chiaroscuro	colored ground is visible through thin paint layers L2 colouring technique oil paintings L2 medium/materials Netherlandish L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

87. Find microphotographs of paint cross-sections from seventeenth-century Netherlandish paintings showing the stratigraphy of the ground layers, specifically identifying double grounds or colored imprimaturas. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	microphotographs of paint cross-sections seventeenth-century Netherlandish paintings stratigraphy of the ground layers, specifically identifying double grounds or colored imprimaturas
Jaimes & Chang	microphotographs 1 type/technique colored 3 local structure	ground layers 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century Netherlandish B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	microphotographs P type/technique colored P color	ground layers C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	microphotographs L2 medium/materials paint cross-sections L2 subject/genre Netherlandish L2 style/school colored imprimaturas L2 colouring technique	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

88. Find infrared reflectograms or infrared photographs showing the underdrawings of paintings by Joachim Beuckelaer, specifically his Adoration of the Shepherds, Crucifixion, or Isaac Blessing Jacob.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Adoration of the Shepherds, Crucifixion, or Isaac Blessing Jacob iconographical	—	—	infrared reflectograms or infrared photographs underdrawings paintings Joachim Beuckelaer
Jaimes & Chang	infrared photographs 1 type/technique	—	Adoration of the Shepherds 8 specific scene	—	Joachim Beuckelaer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms or infrared photographs P type/technique	—	Adoration of the Shepherds C specific event	—	Joachim Beuckelaer NV creator	—
L1–L5	underdrawings L1 line quality	infrared reflectograms or infrared photographs L2 medium/materials	Adoration of the Shepherds, Crucifixion, or Isaac Blessing Jacob L3 iconography	—	Joachim Beuckelaer L4 artist biography	—

89. Find drawings on paper, executed in pen, ink, or wash, attributed to the sixteenth-century artist Joachim Beuckelaer.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	drawings on paper executed in pen, ink, or wash sixteenth-century artist Joachim Beuckelaer
Jaimes & Chang	drawings 1 type/technique	—	—	—	on paper P physical sixteenth-century artist Joachim Beuckelaer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings P type/technique	—	—	—	pen, ink, or wash NV material sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Joachim Beuckelaer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	drawings on paper, executed in pen, ink, or wash L2 medium/materials	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution attributed to the sixteenth-century artist Joachim Beuckelaer L4 artist biography	—

90. Find infrared reflectograms showing underdrawings in sixteenth-century Antwerp market, kitchen, or religious paintings contemporary with Joachim Beuckelaer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	market, kitchen pre-icon. factual	religious iconographical	—	—	infrared reflectograms underdrawings sixteenth-century Antwerp Joachim Beuckelaer
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms 1 type/technique	market 6 generic scene	—	religious 10 abstract scene	sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms P type/technique	market C general place	—	—	Joachim Beuckelaer NV creator sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Antwerp NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	underdrawings L1 line quality	infrared reflectograms L2 medium/materials market, kitchen, or religious paintings L2 subject/genre Antwerp L2 style/school	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution Joachim Beuckelaer L4 artist biography	—

91. Find paintings, drawings, or prints depicting 'The Preaching of John the Baptist' executed by Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' iconographical	—	—	paintings, drawings, or prints executed by Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique	—	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' 8 specific scene	—	executed by Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique	—	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' C specific event	—	Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn NV creator during the 1630s NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' L3 iconography	—	Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn L4 artist biography 1630s L4 period evolution	—

92. Find paintings, drawings, or prints depicting 'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' executed by Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Christ and the Woman of Samaria iconographical	—	—	paintings, drawings, or prints Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique	—	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' 8 specific scene	—	executed by Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn during the 1630s B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique	—	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' C specific event	—	Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn NV creator during the 1630s NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' L3 iconography	—	Bartholomeus Breenbergh or Rembrandt van Rijn L4 artist biography 1630s L4 period evolution	—

93. Find seventeenth-century paintings, drawings, or prints depicting the scene of 'The Preaching of John the Baptist', focusing on compositions with crowds in landscape settings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	crowds in landscape settings pre-icon. factual	The Preaching of John the Baptist iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings, drawings, or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique compositions 4 global composition	crowds 5 generic object landscape settings 6 generic scene	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' 8 specific scene	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique compositions P composition	crowds C general object landscape settings C general place	The Preaching of John the Baptist C specific event John the Baptist C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	compositions L1 composition	paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials crowds in landscape settings L2 subject/genre	'The Preaching of John the Baptist' L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

94. Find seventeenth-century paintings, drawings, or prints depicting 'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' at the well, showing the interaction of figures in landscape or architectural settings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures in landscape or architectural settings pre-icon. factual	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings, drawings, or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique	figures 5 generic object landscape or architectural settings 6 generic scene	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' 8 specific scene	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique	figures C general object landscape or architectural settings C general place interaction of figures C general relation	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' C specific event	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	interaction of figures L1 composition	paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials landscape or architectural settings L2 subject/genre	'Christ and the Woman of Samaria' at the well L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

95. Find high-resolution images of the painting View of Ambon from around 1617, showing the entire composition including the landscape, harbor, and any inset figures or maps.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	landscape, harbor, and any inset figures or maps pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution painting from around 1617 entire composition
Jaimes & Chang	painting 1 type/technique entire composition 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object landscape 6 generic scene	View of Ambon 8 specific scene	—	from around 1617 B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	painting P type/technique entire composition P composition	landscape C general place figures C general object	—	—	View of Ambon NV title around 1617 NV date/style/period	high-resolution
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials landscape, harbor, and any inset figures or maps L2 subject/genre	—	—	from around 1617 L4 period evolution	high-resolution

96. Find detailed close-up photographs of the figures, portraits, or staffage depicted in the foreground or margins of the painting View of Ambon.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	View of Ambon iconographical	—	—	photographs
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique close-up 4 global composition	figures, portraits, or staffage 5 generic object	View of Ambon 7 specific object View of Ambon 8 specific scene	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique foreground or margins P composition	figures C general object	—	—	View of Ambon NV title	—
L1–L5	foreground or margins L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials figures, portraits, or staffage L2 subject/genre	View of Ambon L3 iconography	—	—	—

97. Find early seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, drawings, or prints showing bird's-eye views or topographical landscapes of Dutch East India Company (VOC) forts and settlements in Asia. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	forts and settlements pre-icon. factual	Dutch East India Company (VOC) iconographical	—	—	early seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, drawings, or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique bird's-eye views 4 global composition	topographical landscapes 6 generic scene	Dutch East India Company (VOC) forts and settlements 7 specific object Asia 8 specific scene	—	early seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique bird's-eye views P composition	topographical landscapes C general place	Dutch East India Company (VOC) C specific object Asia C specific place	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	bird's-eye views L1 perspective	Dutch L2 style/school paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials topographical landscapes L2 subject/genre	—	Dutch East India Company (VOC) forts and settlements in Asia L5 cross-cultural	early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

98. Find seventeenth-century Dutch portraits of Dutch East India Company (VOC) administrators, merchants, or governors-general, showing them with maps, globes, or colonial landscapes in the background. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	maps, globes, or colonial landscapes pre-icon. factual	Dutch East India Company (VOC) administrators, merchants, or governors-general iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch
Jaimes & Chang	in the background 4 global composition	maps, globes 5 generic object colonial landscapes 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portraits P type/technique in the background P composition	merchants C general object colonial landscapes C general place	Dutch East India Company (VOC) administrators C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	in the background L1 composition	Dutch L2 style/school portraits of Dutch East India Company (VOC) administrators, merchants, or governors-general L2 subject/genre	maps, globes, or colonial landscapes L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

99. Find photographs of history paintings securely attributed to Willem de Poorter, showing dramatic lighting and small-scale figures in interior settings.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	small-scale figures in interior settings pre-icon. factual dramatic lighting pre-icon. expressional	history paintings iconographical	—	—	photographs securely attributed to Willem de Poorter
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dramatic lighting 2 global distribution small-scale figures 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object interior settings 6 generic scene	—	—	Willem de Poorter B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique dramatic lighting P color small-scale P composition	figures C general object interior settings C general place	—	—	Willem de Poorter NV creator	—
L1–L5	dramatic lighting L1 chiaroscuro small-scale figures L1 composition	history paintings L2 subject/genre	—	—	Willem de Poorter L4 artist biography	—

100. Find drawings attributed to Willem de Poorter, particularly figure studies or compositional sketches in pen and wash.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figure studies pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	drawings attributed to Willem de Poorter compositional sketches pen and wash
Jaimes & Chang	drawings 1 type/technique compositional sketches 4 global composition	figure studies 5 generic object	—	—	attributed to Willem de Poorter B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings P type/technique compositional P composition	figure C general object	—	—	Willem de Poorter NV creator pen and wash NV material	—
L1–L5	—	figure studies or compositional sketches L2 subject/genre pen and wash L2 medium/materials	—	—	attributed to Willem de Poorter L4 artist biography	—

101. Find photographs of history paintings by Rembrandt from his Leiden and early Amsterdam periods, featuring dramatic interior lighting and small-scale figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	dramatic pre-icon. expressional small-scale figures pre-icon. factual	history paintings iconographical	—	—	photographs Rembrandt from his Leiden and early Amsterdam periods
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dramatic interior lighting 2 global distribution small-scale 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object interior 6 generic scene	—	—	Rembrandt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique small-scale P shape	figures C general object interior C general place	—	—	Rembrandt NV creator Leiden and early Amsterdam periods NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	small-scale figures L1 composition dramatic interior lighting L1 chiaroscuro	history paintings L2 subject/genre	—	—	Leiden and early Amsterdam periods L4 period evolution Rembrandt L4 artist biography	—

102. Find high-resolution color photographs of Hans Holbein's Portrait of Lord Guildford and Portrait of Lady Guildford, showing the full compositions.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Portrait of Lord Guildford and Portrait of Lady Guildford iconographical	—	—	high-resolution color photographs Hans Holbein's showing the full compositions
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique color 2 global distribution full compositions 4 global composition	—	Lord Guildford 7 specific object	—	Hans Holbein's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	color P color photographs P type/technique full compositions P composition	—	Lord Guildford C specific object	—	Hans Holbein's NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	color L1 colour palette compositions L1 composition	Portrait L2 subject/genre	—	—	Hans Holbein's L4 artist biography	—

103. Find photographs of Rembrandt's Large Self-Portrait, and the paintings known as Portrait of a Woman and Portrait of an Artist by Rembrandt or Frans Hals.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Woman pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Rembrandt paintings Frans Hals
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Large Self-Portrait 7 specific object	—	Rembrandt's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Rembrandt NV creator Large Self-Portrait NV title	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials Portrait of a Woman L2 subject/genre	—	—	Rembrandt or Frans Hals L4 artist biography	—

104. Find photographs of 17th-century Dutch portraits that emulate the half-length format, hand gestures, or attributes characteristic of Hans Holbein's portraits. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	hand gestures pre-icon. factual	attributes iconographical	—	—	photographs 17th-century Dutch Hans Holbein's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique half-length format 4 global composition	hand gestures 5 generic object portraits 6 generic scene	—	—	Hans Holbein's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique half-length format P composition	hand gestures C general event attributes C general object	—	—	17th-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location Hans Holbein's NV creator emulate the half-length format, hand gestures, or attributes characteristic of Hans Holbein's portraits NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	half-length format L1 composition	Dutch L2 style/school portraits L2 subject/genre	attributes L3 iconography	—	17th-century L4 period evolution emulate the half-length format, hand gestures, or attributes characteristic of Hans Holbein's portraits L4 influence/legacy	—

105. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch landscape prints, such as etchings or engravings, depicting flat native countryside scenes with dunes, rustic cottages, windmills, or local waterways. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	flat native countryside scenes with dunes, rustic cottages, windmills, or local waterways pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch prints, such as etchings or engravings
Jaimes & Chang	etchings or engravings 1 type/technique	dunes, rustic cottages, windmills, or local waterways 5 generic object countryside scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	landscape C general place windmills C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school etchings or engravings L2 medium/materials depicting flat native countryside scenes with dunes, rustic cottages, windmills, or local waterways L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

106. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch landscape etchings that utilize prominent compositional devices like repoussoir trees, framing elements, or highly structured diagonal paths to organize the rural view. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	repoussoir trees, framing elements, or highly structured diagonal paths to organize the rural view pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch etchings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique compositional devices 4 global composition	landscape 6 generic scene trees 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique compositional devices P composition	landscape C general place trees C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	compositional devices like repoussoir trees, framing elements, or highly structured diagonal paths L1 composition	etchings L2 medium/materials landscape L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

107. Find engravings from Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia depicting Christ speaking, teaching, or in divine glory, showing the composition with alphabetical annotations.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	speaking, teaching pre-icon. factual	Christ iconographical	—	—	engravings Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique composition 4 global composition	speaking, teaching 5 generic object	Christ 7 specific object	divine glory 9 abstract object	Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia B biographical alphabetical annotations A associated	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique composition P composition	speaking, teaching C general event alphabetical annotations C general object	Christ C specific object	divine glory C abstract object	Jerónimo Nadal's NV creator Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia NV title	—
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	engravings L2 medium/materials	Christ speaking, teaching, or in divine glory L3 iconography alphabetical annotations L3 signature/inscription Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia L3 literary references	—	—	—

108. Find Latin text passages or translations of Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia discussing sublimity, rhetoric, or the Word of God.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	Latin text passages or translations Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia sublimity, rhetoric, or the Word of God
Jaimes & Chang	—	—	—	sublimity, rhetoric, or the Word of God 10 abstract scene	Jerónimo Nadal's Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia B biographical Latin text passages or translations A associated	—
Hollink et al.	text passages P type/technique	—	Word of God C specific object	sublimity C abstract object	Jerónimo Nadal's NV creator Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia NV title	Latin
L1–L5	—	—	Adnotationes et meditationes in Evangelia L3 literary references Latin text passages L3 signature/inscription Word of God L3 iconography	sublimity L5 sublime/emotion rhetoric L5 aesthetic ideals	Jerónimo Nadal's L4 artist biography	—

109. Find installation photographs of museum galleries displaying early modern Northern European art alongside global trade objects, works by marginalized artists, or non-canonical media. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	museum galleries pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	installation photographs early modern Northern European marginalized artists non-canonical media
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	global trade objects 5 generic object museum galleries 6 generic scene	—	—	marginalized artists B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	museum galleries C general place displaying C general event global trade objects C general object	—	—	early modern NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location marginalized artists NV creator non-canonical media NV material	—
L1–L5	—	non-canonical media L2 medium/materials museum galleries L2 subject/genre Northern European L2 style/school	—	global trade objects L5 cross-cultural	early modern L4 period evolution marginalized artists L4 artist biography	—

110. Find early modern Northern European paintings, prints, or drawings from the sixteenth or seventeenth century that depict Black, Asian, or Indigenous individuals, or global material culture. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Black, Asian, or Indigenous individuals, or global material culture pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	early modern Northern European paintings, prints, or drawings sixteenth or seventeenth century
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, prints, or drawings 1 type/technique	Black, Asian, or Indigenous individuals 5 generic object	—	—	sixteenth or seventeenth century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, prints, or drawings P type/technique	Black, Asian, or Indigenous individuals C general object	—	—	Northern European NV culture/location sixteenth or seventeenth century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, prints, or drawings L2 medium/materials Northern European L2 style/school depict Black, Asian, or Indigenous individuals L2 subject/genre	—	global material culture L5 cross-cultural	sixteenth or seventeenth century L4 period evolution	—

111. Find high-resolution technical images of paper watermarks captured using beta-radiography, transmitted light photography, or low-voltage radiography. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	paper watermarks pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution technical images beta-radiography, transmitted light photography, or low-voltage radiography
Jaimes & Chang	beta-radiography, transmitted light photography, or low-voltage radiography 1 type/technique	watermarks 5 generic object	—	—	paper P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	transmitted light photography P type/technique	watermarks C general object	—	—	paper NV material	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	beta-radiography, transmitted light photography, or low-voltage radiography L2 medium/materials paper watermarks L2 subject/genre	—	—	—	—

112. Find digital overlays, composite diagrams, or visual comparisons of historical paper watermarks showing superimposed outlines or color-coded alignments used for matching. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	historical paper watermarks pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	digital overlays, composite diagrams, or visual comparisons
Jaimes & Chang	digital overlays 1 type/technique superimposed outlines 3 local structure color-coded alignments 4 global composition	paper watermarks 5 generic object	—	—	used for matching A associated	—
Hollink et al.	digital overlays P type/technique outlines P shape color-coded P color superimposed P composition	watermarks C general object	—	—	historical NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	color-coded L1 colour palette outlines L1 line quality alignments L1 composition	digital overlays L2 medium/materials paper watermarks L2 subject/genre	—	—	historical L4 period evolution	—

113. Find photographs of paintings by Gerard de Lairesse depicting mythological, historical, or allegorical scenes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	mythological, historical, or allegorical scenes iconographical	—	—	photographs paintings by Gerard de Lairesse
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	mythological, historical 8 specific scene	allegorical scenes 10 abstract scene	Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	mythological, historical C specific event	allegorical scenes C abstract event	Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials mythological, historical L2 subject/genre	allegorical L3 symbolism	—	Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

114. Find photographs of seventeenth-century French academic history paintings depicting classical or mythological subjects with balanced, linear compositions. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	classical or mythological subjects iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century French academic balanced, linear compositions
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique balanced, linear compositions 4 global composition	—	classical or mythological subjects 8 specific scene	—	seventeenth-century French B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique balanced, linear compositions P composition	—	classical or mythological subjects C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period French NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	linear L1 line quality balanced, linear compositions L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials history paintings L2 subject/genre French academic L2 style/school	classical or mythological subjects L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

115. Find photographs of seventeenth-century classicist history paintings produced in Liège, showing Romanist influence and classical architectural settings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	classical architectural settings pre-icon. factual	history paintings iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century produced in Liège classicist Romanist influence
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	history paintings 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	classicist Romanist influence
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	classical architectural settings C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century classicist NV date/style/period produced in Liège NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials classicist L2 style/school history paintings L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution produced in Liège L4 artist biography Romanist influence L4 influence/legacy	—

116. Find photographs of the painting 'The Andrians' by Rubens, including details of the figures and brushwork.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	'The Andrians' iconographical	—	—	photographs Rubens brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details 4 global composition brushwork 3 local structure	figures 5 generic object	'The Andrians' 7 specific object	—	Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique brushwork P texture	figures C general object	'The Andrians' C specific object	—	Rubens NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials figures L2 subject/genre brushwork L2 brushwork	'The Andrians' L3 iconography	—	Rubens L4 artist biography	—

117. Find photographs of the painting 'The Blinding of Samson' by Rembrandt, including details of the dramatic lighting and expressions.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	dramatic lighting and expressions pre-icon. expressional	'The Blinding of Samson' iconographical	—	—	photographs painting by Rembrandt
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dramatic lighting 2 global distribution	expressions 5 generic object	'The Blinding of Samson' 8 specific scene	—	Rembrandt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique details P composition dramatic lighting P color	expressions C general event	'The Blinding of Samson' C specific event	—	Rembrandt NV creator	—
L1–L5	dramatic lighting L1 chiaroscuro	painting L2 medium/materials expressions L2 subject/genre	'The Blinding of Samson' L3 iconography	—	Rembrandt L4 artist biography	—

118. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Netherlandish history paintings that employ a rough, painterly style with visible brushstrokes to suggest form and movement. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	movement pre-icon. factual	history paintings iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Netherlandish rough, painterly style with visible brushstrokes
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique rough, painterly style 2 global distribution visible brushstrokes 3 local structure	history paintings 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Netherlandish B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique visible brushstrokes P texture form P shape	history paintings C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials history paintings L2 subject/genre rough, painterly style L2 style/school visible brushstrokes L2 brushwork	—	—	seventeenth-century Netherlandish L4 period evolution	—

119. Find prints from the 1612 series Regiunculae, et Villae Aliquot Ducatus Brabantiae published by Claes Jansz. Visscher, depicting rural Brabant landscapes and villages.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	landscapes and villages pre-icon. factual	Brabant iconographical	—	—	prints 1612 series Regiunculae, et Villae Aliquot Ducatus Brabantiae published by Claes Jansz. Visscher
Jaimes & Chang	prints 1 type/technique	villages 5 generic object landscapes 6 generic scene	Brabant 8 specific scene	—	1612 series Regiunculae, et Villae Aliquot Ducatus Brabantiae B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints P type/technique	landscapes and villages C general place	Brabant C specific place	—	1612 NV date/style/period from the 1612 series Regiunculae, et Villae Aliquot Ducatus Brabantiae NV relation/source published by Claes Jansz. Visscher NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	prints L2 medium/materials rural Brabant landscapes and villages L2 subject/genre	series Regiunculae, et Villae Aliquot Ducatus Brabantiae L3 literary references	—	1612 L4 period evolution published by Claes Jansz. Visscher L4 artist biography	—

120. Find mid-sixteenth-century Flemish landscape prints, specifically the original Small Landscape prints depicting rural villages and cottages of Brabant, which served as the source for later copies. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	rural villages and cottages pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	mid-sixteenth-century Flemish prints Small Landscape prints served as the source for later copies
Jaimes & Chang	prints 1 type/technique	cottages 5 generic object landscape 6 generic scene	Brabant 8 specific scene	—	mid-sixteenth-century B biographical served as the source for later copies A associated	—
Hollink et al.	prints P type/technique	landscape C general place cottages C general object	Brabant C specific place	—	mid-sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish NV culture/location Small Landscape NV title served as the source for later copies NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	Flemish L2 style/school rural villages and cottages of Brabant L2 subject/genre prints L2 medium/materials	—	—	mid-sixteenth-century L4 period evolution served as the source for later copies L4 influence/legacy	—

121. Find early seventeenth-century Dutch landscape prints from the 1610s depicting local countryside, rustic cottages, and village views of the Northern Netherlands. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	local countryside, rustic cottages, and village views pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	early seventeenth-century Dutch prints from the 1610s
Jaimes & Chang	prints 1 type/technique	rustic cottages 5 generic object landscape 6 generic scene	Northern Netherlands 8 specific scene	—	from the 1610s B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints P type/technique	countryside C general place rustic cottages C general object	Northern Netherlands C specific place	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school depicting local countryside, rustic cottages, and village views L2 subject/genre prints L2 medium/materials	—	—	from the 1610s L4 period evolution	—

122. Find X-radiographs or thread-density maps of the canvas support of the painting 'Saul and David'.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Saul and David iconographical	—	—	X-radiographs or thread-density maps of the canvas support of the painting
Jaimes & Chang	X-radiographs 1 type/technique	—	'Saul and David' 7 specific object	—	canvas support P physical	—
Hollink et al.	X-radiographs or thread-density maps P type/technique	—	—	—	canvas support NV material 'Saul and David' NV title	—
L1–L5	—	X-radiographs L2 medium/materials	Saul and David L3 iconography	—	—	—

123. Find macro-XRF element distribution maps, infrared reflectograms, or cross-section micrographs of the curtain area in the painting 'Saul and David'.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	curtain area pre-icon. factual	Saul and David iconographical	—	—	macro-XRF element distribution maps, infrared reflectograms, or cross-section micrographs
Jaimes & Chang	macro-XRF element distribution maps 1 type/technique	curtain 5 generic object	'Saul and David' 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	macro-XRF element distribution maps, infrared reflectograms, or cross-section micrographs P type/technique	curtain area C general object	—	—	'Saul and David' NV title	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials curtain area L2 subject/genre	'Saul and David' L3 iconography	—	—	macro-XRF element distribution maps, infrared reflectograms, or cross-section micrographs

124. Find high-resolution photographs and details of Rembrandt's 1636 painting 'The Standard Bearer', showing the figure's facial expression, costume, and the flag.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	the flag pre-icon. factual facial expression pre-icon. expressional	'The Standard Bearer' iconographical	—	—	photographs Rembrandt's 1636
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details 4 global composition	costume 5 generic object	'The Standard Bearer' 7 specific object	—	Rembrandt's B biographical high-resolution P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	figure C general object	—	—	Rembrandt's NV creator 1636 NV date/style/period painting NV material 'The Standard Bearer' NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials figure's facial expression, costume, and the flag L2 subject/genre	—	—	1636 L4 period evolution Rembrandt's L4 artist biography	—

125. Find paintings and etchings of early self-portraits and character studies by Rembrandt from the late 1620s and 1630s that feature dramatic, exaggerated, or theatrical facial expressions. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	self-portraits and character studies pre-icon. factual dramatic, exaggerated, or theatrical facial expressions pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	paintings and etchings by Rembrandt from the late 1620s and 1630s
Jaimes & Chang	paintings and etchings 1 type/technique	dramatic, exaggerated, or theatrical facial expressions 5 generic object	self-portraits 7 specific object	—	by Rembrandt from the late 1620s and 1630s B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings and etchings P type/technique	character studies C general object	self-portraits C specific object	dramatic, exaggerated, or theatrical facial expressions C abstract object	Rembrandt NV creator late 1620s and 1630s NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings and etchings L2 medium/materials early self-portraits and character studies L2 subject/genre	—	dramatic, exaggerated, or theatrical facial expressions L5 sublime/emotion	Rembrandt L4 artist biography late 1620s and 1630s L4 period evolution	—

126. Find seventeenth-century prints, engravings, or paintings depicting theatrical stock characters, comic actors, or the braggart soldier in costume. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	in costume pre-icon. factual	theatrical stock characters iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century prints, engravings, or paintings
Jaimes & Chang	prints, engravings, or paintings 1 type/technique	theatrical stock characters 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints, engravings, or paintings P type/technique	theatrical stock characters C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	prints, engravings, or paintings L2 medium/materials theatrical stock characters, comic actors, or the braggart soldier in costume L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

127. Find seventeenth-century Dutch archival documents, notary acts, and guild registers relating to the Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch archival documents, notary acts, and guild registers relating to the Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke
Jaimes & Chang	—	archival documents 5 generic object	Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	—	notary acts C general object	Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school archival documents, notary acts, and guild registers L2 medium/materials	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke L4 artist biography	—

128. Find photographs of seventeenth-century material objects, including guild chests, funeral shields, or commemorative medals, belonging to the Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	guild chests, funeral shields, or commemorative medals pre-icon. factual	Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	guild chests, funeral shields, or commemorative medals 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical belonging to the Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	guild chests C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	guild chests, funeral shields, or commemorative medals L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution belonging to the Amsterdam Guild of Saint Luke L4 provenance	—

129. Find photographs of pages from the Hours of Louis Quarré, also known as Ms Douce 311, showing the text, borders, and miniatures.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	borders pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Hours of Louis Quarré, also known as Ms Douce 311
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique borders 4 global composition	miniatures 5 generic object	—	—	Hours of Louis Quarré, also known as Ms Douce 311 B biographical text A associated	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	text C general object	—	—	Hours of Louis Quarré NV title	—
L1–L5	borders L1 composition	photographs L2 medium/materials miniatures L2 subject/genre	Hours of Louis Quarré L3 literary references text L3 signature/inscription	—	Ms Douce 311 L4 provenance	—

130. Find photographs of dispersed single leaves or cut-out miniatures from late fifteenth-century Flemish Books of Hours, showing naturalistic borders with flowers and insects or architectural frames. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	flowers and insects or architectural frames pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs dispersed single leaves or cut-out miniatures late fifteenth-century Flemish Books of Hours
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique architectural frames 4 global composition	flowers and insects 5 generic object	—	—	dispersed single leaves or cut-out miniatures P physical late fifteenth-century Flemish Books of Hours B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	flowers and insects C general object	—	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish NV culture/location Books of Hours NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	dispersed single leaves or cut-out miniatures L2 medium/materials Flemish L2 style/school borders with flowers and insects or architectural frames L2 subject/genre	Books of Hours L3 literary references	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

131. Find scientific paint cross-section micrographs from paintings by Rembrandt, showing the ground and priming layers.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	scientific paint cross-section micrographs by Rembrandt ground and priming layers
Jaimes & Chang	micrographs 1 type/technique	ground and priming layers 5 generic object	—	—	by Rembrandt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	cross-section micrographs P type/technique	ground and priming layers C general object	—	—	Rembrandt NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	ground and priming layers L2 medium/materials	—	—	Rembrandt L4 artist biography	—

132. Find high-resolution detail photographs of paintings by Rembrandt where the colored ground or priming layer is visible through or between the paint strokes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs paintings by Rembrandt colored ground or priming layer is visible through or between the paint strokes
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition paint strokes 3 local structure	—	—	—	by Rembrandt B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique colored P color visible through or between P composition	ground or priming layer C general object	—	—	Rembrandt NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials colored ground L2 colouring technique paint strokes L2 brushwork	—	—	Rembrandt L4 artist biography	—

133. Find photographs of the painting 'Allegory of the Senses' painted in 1668 by Gerard de Lairesse, showing the entire composition.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	'Allegory of the Senses' iconographical	—	—	photographs 1668 Gerard de Lairesse entire composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique entire composition 4 global composition	—	Allegory of the Senses 7 specific object	—	painted in 1668 by Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique entire composition P composition	—	—	—	'Allegory of the Senses' NV title 1668 NV date/style/period Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	entire composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials	'Allegory of the Senses' L3 iconography	—	1668 L4 period evolution Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

134. Find high-resolution detail views of the faces and individual figures in Gerard de Lairesse's painting 'Allegory of the Senses' (1668).

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	faces and individual figures pre-icon. factual	'Allegory of the Senses' iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail views Gerard de Lairesse's painting 1668
Jaimes & Chang	painting 1 type/technique detail views 4 global composition	faces and individual figures 5 generic object	'Allegory of the Senses' 7 specific object	—	Gerard de Lairesse's B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	detail views P composition painting P type/technique	faces and individual figures C general object	—	—	Gerard de Lairesse's NV creator 'Allegory of the Senses' NV title 1668 NV date/style/period	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	faces and individual figures L2 subject/genre painting L2 medium/materials	'Allegory of the Senses' L3 iconography	—	Gerard de Lairesse's L4 artist biography 1668 L4 period evolution	—

135. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch classicist paintings depicting the allegory of the five senses, either as a single composition or a series. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	allegory of the five senses iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch classicist paintings single composition or a series
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique single composition 4 global composition	—	—	allegory of the five senses 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique composition P composition	—	—	allegory of the five senses C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location series NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials Dutch classicist L2 style/school	allegory of the five senses L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

136. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch classicist allegorical portraits or portraits historiés painted by Gerard de Lairesse or his contemporaries in Amsterdam. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portraits pre-icon. factual	allegorical portraits or portraits historiés iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch painted by Gerard de Lairesse or his contemporaries in Amsterdam
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	portraits 5 generic object	—	allegorical 10 abstract scene	painted by Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	portraits C general object	—	allegorical C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painted L2 medium/materials allegorical portraits or portraits historiés L2 subject/genre Dutch classicist L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

137. Find paintings and prints of seventeenth-century Dutch portraits where the sitter is captured in a momentary, active, or informal pose, such as mid-speech, turning suddenly, or laughing. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	turning suddenly pre-icon. factual laughing pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	paintings and prints seventeenth-century Dutch
Jaimes & Chang	paintings and prints 1 type/technique informal pose 4 global composition	portraits 6 generic scene laughing 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings and prints P type/technique momentary, active, or informal pose P composition	sitter C general object laughing C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings and prints L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school portraits where the sitter is captured in a momentary, active, or informal pose, such as mid-speech, turning suddenly, or laughing L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

138. Find seventeenth-century Dutch formal portraits showing sitters in static, upright, and conventional poses that emphasize poise, decorum, and social status. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	sitters in static, upright, and conventional poses pre-icon. factual poise, decorum pre-icon. expressional	—	social status iconological	—	seventeenth-century Dutch formal portraits
Jaimes & Chang	static, upright, and conventional poses 4 global composition	portraits 6 generic scene sitters 5 generic object	—	poise, decorum, and social status 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portraits P type/technique static, upright, and conventional poses P composition	sitters C general object	—	poise, decorum, and social status C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	static, upright, and conventional poses L1 composition	Dutch L2 style/school formal portraits L2 subject/genre	social status L3 symbolism	poise, decorum L5 aesthetic ideals	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

139. Find high-resolution museum images of Rembrandt's 1630 etching 'Beggar Seated on a Bank', including close-up details of the figure's face and expression.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figure's face pre-icon. factual expression pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	Rembrandt's 1630 etching
Jaimes & Chang	etching 1 type/technique close-up 4 global composition	figure's face 5 generic object	'Beggar Seated on a Bank' 8 specific scene	expression 9 abstract object	Rembrandt's B biographical museum P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	etching P type/technique close-up details P composition	figure's face C general object	—	expression C abstract object	Rembrandt's NV creator 1630 NV date/style/period 'Beggar Seated on a Bank' NV title museum NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	etching L2 medium/materials 'Beggar Seated on a Bank' L2 subject/genre	—	expression L5 sublime/emotion	1630 L4 period evolution Rembrandt's L4 artist biography museum L4 provenance	high-resolution

140. Find etched self-portraits by Rembrandt from the years 1629 to 1631 that depict exaggerated facial expressions, grimaces, or character studies. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	exaggerated facial expressions pre-icon. expressional	self-portraits iconographical	—	—	etched by Rembrandt from the years 1629 to 1631
Jaimes & Chang	etched 1 type/technique	grimaces 5 generic object	self-portraits 7 specific object	—	by Rembrandt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	etched P type/technique	exaggerated facial expressions, grimaces, or character studies C general object	self-portraits C specific object	—	by Rembrandt NV creator from the years 1629 to 1631 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	etched L2 medium/materials self-portraits L2 subject/genre	—	—	by Rembrandt L4 artist biography from the years 1629 to 1631 L4 period evolution	—

141. Find late sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century prints and etchings depicting beggars, vagabonds, or street figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	beggars, vagabonds, or street figures pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	late sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century prints and etchings
Jaimes & Chang	prints and etchings 1 type/technique	beggars, vagabonds, or street figures 5 generic object	—	—	late sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints and etchings P type/technique	beggars, vagabonds, or street figures C general object	—	—	late sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	prints and etchings L2 medium/materials beggars, vagabonds, or street figures L2 subject/genre	—	—	late sixteenth- or early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

142. Find photographs and details of the painting Adoration of the Shepherds by Hugo van der Goes, focusing on the expressions of the shepherds and the foreground still life.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	foreground still life pre-icon. factual expressions pre-icon. expressional	Adoration of the Shepherds iconographical	—	—	photographs painting Hugo van der Goes
Jaimes & Chang	painting 1 type/technique foreground 4 global composition	shepherds 5 generic object	Adoration of the Shepherds 8 specific scene	—	Hugo van der Goes B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique foreground P composition	shepherds C general object	Adoration of the Shepherds C specific event	—	Hugo van der Goes NV creator	—
L1–L5	foreground L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials still life L2 subject/genre	Adoration of the Shepherds L3 iconography	expressions of the shepherds L5 sublime/emotion	Hugo van der Goes L4 artist biography	—

143. Find photographs of fifteenth-century Netherlandish panel paintings depicting the Nativity or the Adoration of the Shepherds, showing varied emotional expressions and rustic figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	rustic figures pre-icon. factual varied emotional expressions pre-icon. expressional	Nativity or the Adoration of the Shepherds iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century Netherlandish panel paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	rustic figures 5 generic object	Nativity or the Adoration of the Shepherds 8 specific scene	varied emotional expressions 10 abstract scene	fifteenth-century Netherlandish B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	rustic figures C general object	Adoration of the Shepherds C specific event	emotional expressions C abstract object	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location panel NV material	—
L1–L5	—	Netherlandish L2 style/school panel paintings L2 medium/materials rustic figures L2 subject/genre	Nativity or the Adoration of the Shepherds L3 iconography	varied emotional expressions L5 sublime/emotion	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

144. Find high-resolution photographs of Jan Gossart's paintings depicting Hercules and Deianira, Hermaphroditus and Salmacis, or Adam and Eve, focusing on the physical contact and muscular rendering of the figures.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	physical contact pre-icon. factual	Hercules and Deianira iconographical	—	—	photographs Jan Gossart's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique muscular rendering 3 local structure	physical contact 5 generic object	Hercules and Deianira 7 specific object	—	high-resolution P physical Jan Gossart's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique muscular P shape	figures C general object physical contact C general relation	Hercules and Deianira C specific object	—	Jan Gossart's NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	muscular rendering L1 line quality	paintings L2 medium/materials physical contact L2 subject/genre	Hercules and Deianira, Hermaphroditus and Salmacis, or Adam and Eve L3 iconography	—	Jan Gossart's L4 artist biography	—

145. Find seventeenth-century Dutch genre paintings depicting figures leaning out of arched or rectangular windows, interacting with people outside or displaying domestic objects on the sill. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures leaning out of arched or rectangular windows pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch genre paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique arched or rectangular 3 local structure	genre paintings 6 generic scene figures 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique arched or rectangular P shape on the sill P composition	figures C general object leaning out C general event outside C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials genre paintings depicting figures leaning out of arched or rectangular windows, interacting with people outside or displaying domestic objects on the sill L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

146. Find seventeenth-century Dutch paintings or prints showing pet birds, such as goldfinches on perches or in cages, placed near windows or within domestic interiors. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	pet birds, such as goldfinches on perches or in cages, placed near windows or within domestic interiors pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch paintings or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings or prints 1 type/technique placed near 4 global composition	pet birds 5 generic object domestic interiors 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings or prints P type/technique placed near P composition	pet birds C general object domestic interiors C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	placed near windows L1 composition	paintings or prints L2 medium/materials pet birds, such as goldfinches on perches or in cages L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

147. Find photographs of Amsterdam civic guard portraits in the Rijksmuseum, including full compositions and detailed views of individual sitters and heraldic shields.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	individual sitters pre-icon. factual	heraldic shields iconographical	—	—	photographs in the Rijksmuseum
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full compositions 4 global composition	heraldic shields 5 generic object	Amsterdam 7 specific object	—	Rijksmuseum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full compositions P composition	civic guard C general object	Amsterdam C specific place	—	Rijksmuseum NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	full compositions L1 composition	civic guard portraits L2 subject/genre	heraldic shields L3 iconography	—	in the Rijksmuseum L4 provenance	—

148. Find infrared reflectograms of paintings by Gerrit Dou, including Scholar Sharpening a Quill, Scholar Interrupted at His Writing, Portrait of a Young Man with a Hat, Portrait of a Lady in Profile, Portrait of a Gentleman with a Walking Stick, Portrait of a Lady with a Music Book, Cat Crouching on the Ledge of an Artist's Atelier, Portrait of Dirck van Beresteyn, Young Woman Holding a Parrot, Goat in a Landscape, Hermit Praying, Old Woman at a Niche by Candlelight, or Herring Seller and a Boy.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Goat pre-icon. factual	Dirck van Beresteyn iconographical	—	—	infrared reflectograms paintings Gerrit Dou
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms 1 type/technique	—	Scholar Sharpening a Quill 7 specific object	—	by Gerrit Dou B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms P type/technique	—	Dirck van Beresteyn C specific object	—	Gerrit Dou NV creator Scholar Sharpening a Quill NV title	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials Scholar Sharpening a Quill L2 subject/genre	—	—	Gerrit Dou L4 artist biography	—

149. Find X-radiographs of paintings by Gerrit Dou, including Scholar Sharpening a Quill, Scholar Interrupted at His Writing, Portrait of a Young Man with a Hat, Portrait of a Lady in Profile, Portrait of a Gentleman with a Walking Stick, Portrait of a Lady with a Music Book, Cat Crouching on the Ledge of an Artist's Atelier, Portrait of Dirck van Beresteyn, Young Woman Holding a Parrot, Goat in a Landscape, Hermit Praying, Old Woman at a Niche by Candlelight, or Herring Seller and a Boy.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Goat in a Landscape pre-icon. factual	Portrait of Dirck van Beresteyn iconographical	—	—	X-radiographs paintings by Gerrit Dou
Jaimes & Chang	X-radiographs 1 type/technique	—	Portrait of Dirck van Beresteyn 7 specific object	—	by Gerrit Dou B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	X-radiographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Gerrit Dou NV creator Scholar Sharpening a Quill NV title	—
L1–L5	—	X-radiographs of paintings L2 medium/materials Scholar Sharpening a Quill L2 subject/genre	—	—	Gerrit Dou L4 artist biography	—

150. Find photomicrographs of paint cross-sections from paintings by Gerrit Dou showing layer structure and pigment particles.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	pigment particles pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photomicrographs paint cross-sections Gerrit Dou
Jaimes & Chang	photomicrographs 1 type/technique layer structure 4 global composition	paint cross-sections 5 generic object	—	—	Gerrit Dou B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photomicrographs P type/technique layer structure P composition	paint cross-sections C general object	—	—	Gerrit Dou NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	photomicrographs L2 medium/materials paint cross-sections L2 subject/genre layer structure L2 colouring technique	—	—	Gerrit Dou L4 artist biography	—

151. Find high-resolution macro photographs or detail views of the paint surface of works by Gerrit Dou showing fine brushwork.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	high-resolution macro photographs or detail views paint surface Gerrit Dou fine brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	macro photographs 1 type/technique fine brushwork 3 local structure detail views 4 global composition	—	—	—	by Gerrit Dou B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	macro photographs P type/technique fine brushwork P texture	—	—	—	Gerrit Dou NV creator paint NV material	high-resolution
L1–L5	paint surface L1 texture	fine brushwork L2 brushwork	—	—	Gerrit Dou L4 artist biography	—

152. Find photographs or digital reproductions of Thomas de Keyser's civic guard portrait of the Company of Captain Allaert Cloeck and Lieutenant Lucas Jacobsz Rotgans.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portrait pre-icon. factual	Company of Captain Allaert Cloeck and Lieutenant Lucas Jacobsz Rotgans iconographical	—	—	photographs or digital reproductions Thomas de Keyser's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	civic guard portrait 6 generic scene	Captain Allaert Cloeck 7 specific object Company of Captain Allaert Cloeck and Lieutenant Lucas Jacobsz Rotgans 8 specific scene	—	Thomas de Keyser's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	civic guard portrait C general object	Company of Captain Allaert Cloeck and Lieutenant Lucas Jacobsz Rotgans C specific object	—	Thomas de Keyser NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	civic guard portrait L2 subject/genre	Company of Captain Allaert Cloeck and Lieutenant Lucas Jacobsz Rotgans L3 iconography	—	Thomas de Keyser L4 artist biography	—

153. Find photographs or digital reproductions of Thomas de Keyser's civic guard portrait of the Company of Captain Jacob Symonsz de Vries and Lieutenant Dirck de Graeff.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	civic guard portrait of the Company of Captain Jacob Symonsz de Vries and Lieutenant Dirck de Graeff iconographical	—	—	photographs or digital reproductions Thomas de Keyser's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Captain Jacob Symonsz de Vries 7 specific object	—	Thomas de Keyser's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	civic guard C general object	Company of Captain Jacob Symonsz de Vries and Lieutenant Dirck de Graeff C specific object	—	Thomas de Keyser NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	civic guard portrait L2 subject/genre	Company of Captain Jacob Symonsz de Vries and Lieutenant Dirck de Graeff L3 iconography	—	Thomas de Keyser's L4 artist biography	—

154. Find photographs or digital reproductions of Joachim von Sandrart's civic guard portrait of the Company of Captain Cornelis Bicker and Lieutenant Frederick van Banchem.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Company of Captain Cornelis Bicker and Lieutenant Frederick van Banchem iconographical	—	—	photographs or digital reproductions Joachim von Sandrart's
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	civic guard portrait 6 generic scene	Captain Cornelis Bicker 7 specific object	—	Joachim von Sandrart's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	civic guard C general object	Captain Cornelis Bicker C specific object	—	Joachim von Sandrart's NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	civic guard portrait L2 subject/genre	Company of Captain Cornelis Bicker and Lieutenant Frederick van Banchem L3 iconography	—	Joachim von Sandrart's L4 artist biography	—

155. Find photographs of seventeenth-century civic guard group portraits painted in Amsterdam during the 1630s and 1640s. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	civic guard group portraits iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century painted in Amsterdam during the 1630s and 1640s
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	civic guard 5 generic object group portraits 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	civic guard group portraits C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period in Amsterdam NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	painted L2 medium/materials civic guard group portraits L2 subject/genre	—	—	during the 1630s and 1640s L4 period evolution in Amsterdam L4 artist biography	—

156. Find emblem book engravings from Schola cordis depicting the human heart being shaped, cleaned, or united with the divine heart by Christ or Cupid-like figures.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	human heart pre-icon. factual	Christ iconographical	—	—	emblem book engravings from Schola cordis
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	human heart 5 generic object	Christ 7 specific object	—	Schola cordis B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	human heart C general object shaped, cleaned C general event	Christ C specific object	united with the divine heart C abstract relation	Schola cordis NV title	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials depicting the human heart L2 subject/genre	Christ or Cupid-like figures L3 iconography human heart being shaped, cleaned, or united with the divine heart L3 symbolism Schola cordis L3 literary references	—	—	—

157. Find emblem book engravings from Pia desideria showing the figures of Anima and Divine Love interacting with affective gestures of longing, embrace, or spiritual wounding.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	embrace pre-icon. factual affective gestures of longing pre-icon. expressional	figures of Anima and Divine Love iconographical	—	—	engravings Pia desideria
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	embrace 5 generic object	figures of Anima and Divine Love 7 specific object	spiritual wounding 10 abstract scene	Pia desideria B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	embrace C general event	Anima and Divine Love C specific object	spiritual wounding C abstract event	Pia desideria NV title	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials	Pia desideria L3 literary references Anima and Divine Love L3 iconography spiritual wounding L3 symbolism	affective gestures of longing L5 sublime/emotion	—	—

158. Find engravings from Paradisus Sponsi et Sponsae or Sacrum oratorium piarum imaginum showing devotional scenes of spiritual union, heart offering, or the imitation of Christ.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	heart pre-icon. factual devotional pre-icon. expressional	the imitation of Christ iconographical	—	—	engravings Paradisus Sponsi et Sponsae or Sacrum oratorium piarum imaginum
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	heart offering 5 generic object	imitation of Christ 7 specific object	devotional scenes of spiritual union 10 abstract scene	from Paradisus Sponsi et Sponsae or Sacrum oratorium piarum imaginum B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	heart C general object	Christ C specific object	spiritual union C abstract relation imitation of Christ C abstract event	Paradisus Sponsi et Sponsae or Sacrum oratorium piarum imaginum NV title	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials	Paradisus Sponsi et Sponsae or Sacrum oratorium piarum imaginum L3 literary references devotional L3 patronage/function spiritual union, heart offering L3 symbolism imitation of Christ L3 iconography	—	—	—

159. Find photographs of Hendrick ter Brugghen's painting Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John from a private collection in Turin, showing the full composition.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John iconographical	—	—	photographs Hendrick ter Brugghen's from a private collection in Turin showing the full composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full composition 4 global composition	—	Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John 8 specific scene	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's B biographical private collection in Turin P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full composition P composition	—	—	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's NV creator Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John NV title private collection in Turin NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials	Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John L3 iconography	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's L4 artist biography from a private collection in Turin L4 provenance	—

160. Find museum photographs of Hendrick ter Brugghen's Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John iconographical	—	—	museum photographs Hendrick ter Brugghen's in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Virgin and Saint John 7 specific object Crucifixion 8 specific scene	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's B biographical Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Crucifixion C specific event Virgin and Saint John C specific object	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's NV creator Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	—	Crucifixion with the Virgin and Saint John L3 iconography	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's L4 artist biography Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York L4 provenance	—

161. Find comparative photographs of autograph paintings and their workshop replicas by Utrecht Caravaggisti artists, showing details of brushwork and drapery. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	drapery pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs autograph paintings and their workshop replicas Utrecht Caravaggisti artists details of brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details of brushwork 3 local structure	drapery 5 generic object	—	—	autograph paintings and their workshop replicas by Utrecht Caravaggisti artists B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique brushwork P texture	drapery C general object	—	—	replicas NV relation/source Utrecht Caravaggisti NV date/style/period artists NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials Utrecht Caravaggisti L2 style/school brushwork L2 brushwork drapery L2 subject/genre	—	—	autograph L4 artist biography workshop replicas L4 influence/legacy	—

162. Find photographs of the painting Denial of Saint Peter from the Spier Collection in London, attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Denial of Saint Peter iconographical	—	—	photographs painting from the Spier Collection in London attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Denial of Saint Peter 8 specific scene	—	Spier Collection in London P physical attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Denial of Saint Peter C specific event	—	painting NV material Spier Collection in London NV culture/location Hendrick ter Brugghen NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	Denial of Saint Peter L3 iconography	—	attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen L4 artist biography Spier Collection in London L4 provenance	—

163. Find photographs of the painting Fortune Teller from a private collection, attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Fortune Teller iconographical	—	—	photographs from a private collection attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen
Jaimes & Chang	painting 1 type/technique	—	Fortune Teller 7 specific object	—	attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen B biographical private collection P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Fortune Teller NV title private collection NV culture/location Hendrick ter Brugghen NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials Fortune Teller L2 subject/genre	—	—	private collection L4 provenance attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen L4 artist biography	—

164. Find photographs of the painting Saint Jerome from a private collection, attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Saint Jerome iconographical	—	—	photographs painting private collection attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Saint Jerome 7 specific object	—	private collection P physical attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	painting P type/technique	—	Saint Jerome C specific object	—	private collection NV culture/location Hendrick ter Brugghen NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	Saint Jerome L3 iconography	—	private collection L4 provenance attributed to Hendrick ter Brugghen L4 artist biography	—

165. Find photographs of securely attributed paintings by Hendrick ter Brugghen dating from his early period, between 1616 and 1625. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs securely attributed paintings by Hendrick ter Brugghen dating from his early period, between 1616 and 1625
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	paintings NV material Hendrick ter Brugghen NV creator between 1616 and 1625 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials	—	—	securely attributed paintings by Hendrick ter Brugghen L4 artist biography dating from his early period, between 1616 and 1625 L4 period evolution	—

166. Find photographs of early seventeenth-century tenebrist paintings of half-length figures, such as card players, fortune tellers, or religious scenes, produced by artists active in Italian art centers between 1600 and 1620. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	half-length figures pre-icon. factual	religious scenes iconographical	—	—	photographs early seventeenth-century tenebrist paintings produced by artists active in Italian art centers between 1600 and 1620
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique tenebrist 2 global distribution half-length figures 4 global composition	card players 5 generic object religious scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	between 1600 and 1620 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique half-length P composition	card players C general object religious scenes C general event	—	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period artists NV creator Italian art centers NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials tenebrist L2 style/school half-length figures, such as card players, fortune tellers, or religious scenes L2 subject/genre	—	—	between 1600 and 1620 L4 period evolution artists active in Italian art centers L4 artist biography	—

167. Find high-resolution photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch landscape paintings by Jan van Goyen, focusing on details that show rapid brushwork, thin paint application, and a monochromatic or tonal palette of browns, ochres, and greens.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	landscape pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution photographs seventeenth-century Dutch paintings Jan van Goyen rapid brushwork, thin paint application monochromatic or tonal palette of browns, ochres, and greens
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique monochromatic or tonal palette 2 global distribution rapid brushwork 3 local structure details 4 global composition	landscape 6 generic scene	—	—	Jan van Goyen B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique rapid brushwork, thin paint application P texture browns, ochres, and greens P color	landscape C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location Jan van Goyen NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	monochromatic or tonal palette of browns, ochres, and greens L1 colour palette	rapid brushwork L2 brushwork thin paint application L2 colouring technique paintings L2 medium/materials landscape L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution Jan van Goyen L4 artist biography	—

168. Find photographs of landscape paintings by Jan van Goyen depicting river scenes, dunes, or village views, showing the full composition with a low horizon and expansive sky.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	river scenes, dunes, or village views pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs landscape paintings by Jan van Goyen full composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full composition with a low horizon 4 global composition	landscape 6 generic scene dunes 5 generic object	—	—	Jan van Goyen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique low horizon P composition	river scenes C general place sky C general object	—	—	Jan van Goyen NV creator	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition low horizon L1 perspective	paintings L2 medium/materials river scenes, dunes, or village views L2 subject/genre	—	—	Jan van Goyen L4 artist biography	—

169. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch tonal landscape paintings by contemporary artists of the same period as Jan van Goyen, showing river or dune scenes with restricted palettes of brown, green, and grey. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	river or dune scenes pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch paintings by contemporary artists of the same period as Jan van Goyen
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique restricted palettes of brown, green, and grey 2 global distribution	landscape 6 generic scene	—	—	Jan van Goyen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique brown, green, and grey P color	river or dune scenes C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location Jan van Goyen NV creator	—
L1–L5	restricted palettes of brown, green, and grey L1 colour palette	paintings L2 medium/materials river or dune scenes L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution Jan van Goyen L4 artist biography	—

170. Find photographs of the painting Allegory of Human Deprivation by Theodoor van der Schuer.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Allegory of Human Deprivation iconographical	—	—	photographs painting Theodoor van der Schuer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	Allegory of Human Deprivation 10 abstract scene	Theodoor van der Schuer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Allegory of Human Deprivation C specific object	—	Theodoor van der Schuer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	Allegory of Human Deprivation L3 iconography	—	Theodoor van der Schuer L4 artist biography	—

171. Find seventeenth-century paintings or prints depicting allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings or prints 1 type/technique	—	—	allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings or prints P type/technique	—	—	allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings or prints L2 medium/materials depicting allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery L2 subject/genre	allegories of poverty, disease, or human misery L3 symbolism	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

172. Find seventeenth-century paintings depicting allegories of charity or civic duty designed for the boardrooms of hospitals or orphanages. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	allegories of charity or civic duty iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings designed for the boardrooms of hospitals or orphanages
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	—	—	allegories of charity or civic duty 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century B biographical designed for the boardrooms of hospitals or orphanages A associated	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	—	—	allegories of charity or civic duty C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period boardrooms of hospitals or orphanages NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials	allegories of charity or civic duty L3 symbolism designed for the boardrooms of hospitals or orphanages L3 patronage/function	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

173. Find high-resolution color photographs of the painting Bacchus and Ariadne by Gerard de Lairesse, showing both the full composition and detailed views of the brushwork and figures.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual	Bacchus and Ariadne iconographical	—	—	high-resolution color photographs painting Gerard de Lairesse full composition brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique color 2 global distribution brushwork 3 local structure full composition 4 global composition	figures 5 generic object	Bacchus and Ariadne 7 specific object Bacchus and Ariadne 8 specific scene	—	Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	color P color photographs P type/technique full composition P composition brushwork P texture	figures C general object	Bacchus and Ariadne C specific object	—	Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	color L1 colour palette full composition L1 composition	brushwork L2 brushwork painting L2 medium/materials figures L2 subject/genre	Bacchus and Ariadne L3 iconography	—	Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

174. Find technical conservation images, such as infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or cross-sections, of Gerard de Lairesse's painting Bacchus and Ariadne.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Bacchus and Ariadne iconographical	—	—	technical conservation images, such as infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or cross-sections Gerard de Lairesse's painting
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or cross-sections 1 type/technique	—	Bacchus and Ariadne 8 specific scene	—	Gerard de Lairesse's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or cross-sections P type/technique	—	Bacchus and Ariadne C specific object	—	Gerard de Lairesse's NV creator painting NV material	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	Bacchus and Ariadne L3 iconography	—	Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	technical conservation images, such as infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or cross-sections

175. Find scientific photomicrographs of paint cross-sections from French paintings dating before 1610 that show colored ground or imprimatura layers. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	colored ground or imprimatura layers pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	scientific photomicrographs French dating before 1610
Jaimes & Chang	photomicrographs 1 type/technique	paint cross-sections 5 generic object	—	—	dating before 1610 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	scientific photomicrographs P type/technique colored P color	ground or imprimatura layers C general object	—	—	French NV culture/location dating before 1610 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	photomicrographs L2 medium/materials paint cross-sections L2 subject/genre French L2 style/school colored ground or imprimatura layers L2 colouring technique	—	—	dating before 1610 L4 period evolution	—

176. Find photographs of sixteenth-century southern European paintings showing the use of dark or colored preparatory grounds visible through thin paint layers. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs sixteenth-century southern European paintings use of dark or colored preparatory grounds visible through thin paint layers
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique dark or colored preparatory grounds 3 local structure	—	—	—	sixteenth-century southern European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique dark or colored P color	paintings C general object	—	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period southern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	dark or colored L1 colour palette	southern European L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials preparatory grounds visible through thin paint layers L2 colouring technique	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

177. Find high-resolution details of rocky cliffs, riverbanks, and geological formations in the paintings Landscape with Saint Jerome, Landscape with the Parable of the Good Samaritan, Landscape with the Meeting on the Road to Emmaus, or Landscape with Saint John the Baptist Preaching by Joachim Patinir or Herri met de Bles.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	rocky cliffs, riverbanks, and geological formations pre-icon. factual	Landscape with Saint Jerome iconographical	—	—	high-resolution details paintings Joachim Patinir or Herri met de Bles
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique details 3 local structure	rocky cliffs 5 generic object	Saint Jerome 7 specific object Landscape with the Parable of the Good Samaritan 8 specific scene	—	Joachim Patinir B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	rocky cliffs C general place geological formations C general object	—	—	Landscape with Saint Jerome NV title Joachim Patinir NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials rocky cliffs, riverbanks, and geological formations L2 subject/genre	Landscape with Saint Jerome, Landscape with the Parable of the Good Samaritan, Landscape with the Meeting on the Road to Emmaus, or Landscape with Saint John the Baptist Preaching L3 iconography	—	Joachim Patinir or Herri met de Bles L4 artist biography	—

178. Find photographs of the natural limestone cliffs, rocky outcrops, and river bends of the Meuse Valley. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	natural limestone cliffs, rocky outcrops, and river bends pre-icon. factual	Meuse Valley iconographical	—	—	photographs
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	limestone cliffs 5 generic object	Meuse Valley 8 specific scene	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	natural limestone cliffs, rocky outcrops, and river bends C general place	Meuse Valley C specific place	—	—	—
L1–L5	—	photographs L2 medium/materials natural limestone cliffs, rocky outcrops, and river bends of the Meuse Valley L2 subject/genre	—	—	—	—

179. Find screenshots, user interface layouts, or database schema diagrams of the Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	screenshots, user interface layouts, or database schema diagrams Montias 17th Century
Jaimes & Chang	screenshots 1 type/technique user interface layouts 4 global composition	—	Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	screenshots P type/technique user interface layouts P composition	—	Montias Database C specific object	—	17th Century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	screenshots, user interface layouts, or database schema diagrams L2 subject/genre	—	—	17th Century L4 period evolution	—

180. Find network graphs, data visualizations, or digital humanities charts mapping relationships within the Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	network graphs, data visualizations, or digital humanities charts Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories
Jaimes & Chang	network graphs 1 type/technique	—	—	mapping relationships 10 abstract scene	Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories A associated	—
Hollink et al.	network graphs P type/technique	relationships C general relation	Montias Database C specific object	—	17th Century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	network graphs, data visualizations, or digital humanities charts L2 subject/genre	—	—	17th Century L4 period evolution Montias Database of 17th Century Art Inventories L4 provenance	—

181. Find images of tapestries or preparatory oil sketches by Peter Paul Rubens from "The Triumph of the Eucharist" series that depict twisted Solomonic columns framing the scenes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	twisted Solomonic columns pre-icon. factual	"The Triumph of the Eucharist" iconographical	—	—	tapestries or preparatory oil sketches Peter Paul Rubens
Jaimes & Chang	tapestries 1 type/technique framing the scenes 4 global composition	—	twisted Solomonic columns 7 specific object	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	sketches P type/technique twisted P shape framing the scenes P composition	Solomonic columns C general object	—	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator from "The Triumph of the Eucharist" series NV relation/source tapestries NV material	—
L1–L5	framing the scenes L1 composition	tapestries or preparatory oil sketches L2 medium/materials twisted Solomonic columns L2 subject/genre	"The Triumph of the Eucharist" series L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography	—

182. Find state portraits or ceremonial engravings of Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia depicting her in religious habit or surrounded by symbols of Habsburg sovereignty and Eucharistic piety. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	religious habit pre-icon. factual	symbols of Habsburg sovereignty and Eucharistic piety iconographical	—	—	engravings
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	religious habit 5 generic object	Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia 7 specific object	symbols of Habsburg sovereignty 9 abstract object	—	—
Hollink et al.	ceremonial engravings P type/technique surrounded by P composition	religious habit C general object	Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia C specific object	symbols of Habsburg sovereignty and Eucharistic piety C abstract object	—	—
L1–L5	—	state portraits L2 subject/genre engravings L2 medium/materials	Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia L3 iconography symbols of Habsburg sovereignty and Eucharistic piety L3 symbolism	—	—	—

183. Find photographs of the painting 'The Cock and the Jewel' (also known as 'Gallinero') by Joannes Fyt, including high-resolution details of the poultry and the jewel on the ground.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	poultry pre-icon. factual	'The Cock and the Jewel' iconographical	—	—	photographs painting by Joannes Fyt high-resolution
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details 4 global composition	poultry 5 generic object	'The Cock and the Jewel' 7 specific object	—	Joannes Fyt B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	poultry C general object ground C general place	—	—	'The Cock and the Jewel' (also known as 'Gallinero') NV title Joannes Fyt NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials poultry L2 subject/genre	'The Cock and the Jewel' L3 literary references	—	by Joannes Fyt L4 artist biography	high-resolution details

184. Find photographs of the painting 'The Flemish Cock and the Turkey Cock' by Joannes Fyt, including details of the feathers, heads, and interactions of the birds.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	feathers, heads, and interactions of the birds pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs painting 'The Flemish Cock and the Turkey Cock' Joannes Fyt
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	birds 5 generic object	'The Flemish Cock and the Turkey Cock' 7 specific object	—	Joannes Fyt B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique feathers P texture	birds C general object interactions of the birds C general relation	—	—	'The Flemish Cock and the Turkey Cock' NV title Joannes Fyt NV creator	—
L1–L5	feathers L1 texture interactions of the birds L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials 'The Flemish Cock and the Turkey Cock' L2 subject/genre	—	—	Joannes Fyt L4 artist biography	—

185. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Flemish oil paintings depicting Aesopic fables with birds, roosters, or poultry, focusing on works that combine narrative allegory with detailed animal anatomy. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	birds, roosters, or poultry pre-icon. factual	Aesopic fables iconographical	—	—	photographs of seventeenth-century Flemish oil paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detailed animal anatomy 3 local structure	birds, roosters, or poultry 5 generic object	Aesopic fables 8 specific scene	narrative allegory 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	birds C general object	Aesopic fables C specific event	narrative allegory C abstract event	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish NV culture/location oil NV material	—
L1–L5	—	oil paintings L2 medium/materials birds, roosters, or poultry L2 subject/genre Flemish L2 style/school	narrative allegory L3 symbolism Aesopic fables L3 literary references	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

186. Find high-resolution photographs of the late fifteenth-century portrait painting of Jacob Obrecht in the Kimbell Art Museum, including overall views and close-up details of the face, hands, and background.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	face, hands, and background pre-icon. factual	Jacob Obrecht iconographical	—	—	photographs late fifteenth-century portrait painting in the Kimbell Art Museum
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique close-up details 4 global composition	face 5 generic object	Jacob Obrecht 7 specific object	—	late fifteenth-century B biographical Kimbell Art Museum P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique background P composition	face C general object	Jacob Obrecht C specific object	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Kimbell Art Museum NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials portrait L2 subject/genre	Jacob Obrecht L3 iconography	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution Kimbell Art Museum L4 provenance	—

187. Find infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or technical conservation imaging of the portrait of Jacob Obrecht in the Kimbell Art Museum.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portrait pre-icon. factual	Jacob Obrecht iconographical	—	—	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or technical conservation imaging Kimbell Art Museum
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or technical conservation imaging 1 type/technique	portrait 6 generic scene	Jacob Obrecht 7 specific object	—	Kimbell Art Museum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs P type/technique	—	Jacob Obrecht C specific object	—	Kimbell Art Museum NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	infrared reflectograms, X-radiographs, or technical conservation imaging L2 medium/materials portrait L2 subject/genre	Jacob Obrecht L3 iconography	—	Kimbell Art Museum L4 provenance	—

188. Find photographs of late fifteenth-century Netherlandish portrait paintings of male sitters, showing half-length figures with hands visible, painted on wood panel. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	male sitters, showing half-length figures with hands visible pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs late fifteenth-century Netherlandish portrait paintings painted on wood panel
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique half-length figures 4 global composition	male sitters 5 generic object	—	—	late fifteenth-century B biographical wood panel P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique half-length P composition	male sitters C general object	—	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location wood panel NV material	—
L1–L5	half-length figures with hands visible L1 composition	wood panel L2 medium/materials portrait paintings of male sitters L2 subject/genre Netherlandish L2 style/school	—	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

189. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the hands holding spectacles and the face of the patron in the painting Virgin and Child with Canon Joris van der Paele.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	hands holding spectacles pre-icon. factual	Virgin and Child with Canon Joris van der Paele iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition	hands holding spectacles 5 generic object	Canon Joris van der Paele 7 specific object Virgin and Child with Canon Joris van der Paele 8 specific scene	—	high-resolution P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	hands C general object holding C general event	Canon Joris van der Paele C specific object	—	Virgin and Child with Canon Joris van der Paele NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials hands holding spectacles L2 subject/genre	Virgin and Child L3 iconography patron L3 patronage/function	—	—	—

190. Find photographs of fifteenth-century Northern European paintings or manuscript illuminations depicting a donor, saint, or scholar holding or wearing spectacles. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	spectacles pre-icon. factual	saint iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century Northern European paintings or manuscript illuminations
Jaimes & Chang	paintings or manuscript illuminations 1 type/technique	donor, saint, or scholar holding or wearing spectacles 5 generic object	—	—	fifteenth-century Northern European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	spectacles C general object holding or wearing C general event	—	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Northern European L2 style/school paintings or manuscript illuminations L2 medium/materials donor, saint, or scholar L2 subject/genre	holding or wearing spectacles L3 iconography	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

191. Find detail photographs of reflective surfaces, convex mirrors, or lenses showing optical distortions or reflections in paintings by Jan van Eyck. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	reflective surfaces, convex mirrors, or lenses showing optical distortions or reflections pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	detail photographs paintings by Jan van Eyck
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique optical distortions 3 local structure detail 4 global composition	convex mirrors 5 generic object	—	—	Jan van Eyck B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique detail P composition convex P shape reflections P texture	mirrors C general object	—	—	Jan van Eyck NV creator	—
L1–L5	reflections L1 chiaroscuro optical distortions L1 perspective	reflective surfaces, convex mirrors, or lenses L2 subject/genre	—	—	Jan van Eyck L4 artist biography	—

192. Find paintings and altarpieces from Northern Europe dated between 1400 and 1600 that depict female donors or patrons, showing their spatial relationship and scale relative to sacred figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	spatial relationship and scale pre-icon. factual	sacred figures iconographical	—	—	paintings and altarpieces from Northern Europe dated between 1400 and 1600
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique spatial relationship and scale 4 global composition	female donors or patrons 5 generic object	—	—	dated between 1400 and 1600 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique spatial relationship P composition	female donors or patrons C general object	—	—	Northern Europe NV culture/location dated between 1400 and 1600 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	spatial relationship and scale relative to sacred figures L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials female donors or patrons L2 subject/genre Northern Europe L2 style/school	sacred figures L3 iconography altarpieces L3 patronage/function	—	dated between 1400 and 1600 L4 period evolution	—

193. Find sixteenth-century Northern European prints or paintings depicting women engaged in domestic labor, market trade, tavern keeping, or household management. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	women engaged in domestic labor, market trade, tavern keeping, or household management pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	sixteenth-century Northern European prints or paintings
Jaimes & Chang	prints or paintings 1 type/technique	women 5 generic object domestic labor, market trade, tavern keeping, or household management 6 generic scene	—	—	sixteenth-century Northern European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	prints or paintings P type/technique	women C general object engaged in domestic labor C general event	—	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Northern European L2 style/school prints or paintings L2 medium/materials depicting women engaged in domestic labor, market trade, tavern keeping, or household management L2 subject/genre	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

194. Find photographs of miniature paintings on vellum or ivory by Bernard Lens III that copy the composition of Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans iconographical	—	—	photographs miniature paintings on vellum or ivory Bernard Lens III
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique composition 4 global composition	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans 7 specific object	—	Bernard Lens III B biographical vellum or ivory P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	vellum or ivory NV material Bernard Lens III NV creator copy the composition of NV relation/source Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans NV title	—
L1–L5	composition L1 composition	vellum or ivory L2 medium/materials	—	—	Bernard Lens III L4 artist biography copy the composition of Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans L4 influence/legacy	—

195. Find photographs of the oil painting Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans by Peter Paul Rubens.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans iconographical	—	—	photographs oil painting Peter Paul Rubens
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans 7 specific object	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	oil NV material Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans NV title Peter Paul Rubens NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	oil painting L2 medium/materials Rubens, His Wife Helena Fourment, and Their Son Frans L2 subject/genre	—	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography	—

196. Find photographs of miniature copy paintings of Old Master oil paintings executed by Bernard Lens III. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs miniature copy paintings of Old Master oil paintings executed by Bernard Lens III
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	executed by Bernard Lens III B biographical miniature P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	copy paintings NV relation/source Old Master NV date/style/period oil NV material Bernard Lens III NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	oil paintings L2 medium/materials Old Master L2 style/school	—	—	executed by Bernard Lens III L4 artist biography copy paintings L4 influence/legacy	—

197. Find photographs of English cabinet miniatures and miniature copies of paintings from the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs English cabinet miniatures and miniature copies of paintings from the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	cabinet miniatures C general object	—	—	English NV culture/location copies of paintings NV relation/source late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	English L2 style/school cabinet miniatures L2 subject/genre	—	—	copies of paintings L4 influence/legacy late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries L4 period evolution	—

198. Find paintings by Hendrick ter Brugghen depicting a single figure in a pensive, melancholic, or weeping pose, such as a philosopher or a penitent saint.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	a single figure pre-icon. factual pensive, melancholic, or weeping pose pre-icon. expressional	a philosopher or a penitent saint iconographical	—	—	paintings Hendrick ter Brugghen
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique single figure 4 global composition	philosopher 5 generic object	penitent saint 7 specific object	melancholic 10 abstract scene	Hendrick ter Brugghen B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	single figure C general object weeping C general event	—	pensive, melancholic C abstract event	Hendrick ter Brugghen NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials depicting a single figure L2 subject/genre	a philosopher or a penitent saint L3 iconography	pensive, melancholic, or weeping pose L5 sublime/emotion	Hendrick ter Brugghen L4 artist biography	—

199. Find the engraved portrait of Hendrick ter Brugghen from Joachim von Sandrart's Teutsche Academie.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portrait pre-icon. factual	Hendrick ter Brugghen iconographical	—	—	engraved from Joachim von Sandrart's Teutsche Academie
Jaimes & Chang	engraved 1 type/technique portrait 4 global composition	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen 7 specific object	—	Joachim von Sandrart's Teutsche Academie B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engraved portrait P type/technique	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen C specific object	—	Joachim von Sandrart's NV creator Teutsche Academie NV title	—
L1–L5	—	engraved L2 medium/materials portrait of Hendrick ter Brugghen L2 subject/genre	Teutsche Academie L3 literary references	—	Joachim von Sandrart's L4 artist biography	—

200. Find seventeenth-century Northern Caravaggist paintings depicting pensive, melancholic, or weeping figures, particularly philosophers or allegorical representations of melancholy. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	figures pre-icon. factual pensive, melancholic, or weeping pre-icon. expressional	allegorical representations of melancholy iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Northern Caravaggist paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	philosophers 5 generic object	—	allegorical representations of melancholy 9 abstract object	seventeenth-century Northern Caravaggist B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	philosophers C general object weeping C general event	—	allegorical representations of melancholy C abstract object	seventeenth-century Northern Caravaggist NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	Northern Caravaggist L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials pensive, melancholic, or weeping figures, particularly philosophers L2 subject/genre	allegorical representations of melancholy L3 symbolism	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

201. Find photographs of manuscript pages from the fifteenth-century Dutch prayerbook Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi, showing illuminated miniatures alongside Middle Dutch text.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs manuscript pages fifteenth-century prayerbook Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi illuminated miniatures Middle Dutch text
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	illuminated miniatures 5 generic object	—	—	fifteenth-century Dutch prayerbook Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi B biographical Middle Dutch text A associated	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	illuminated miniatures C general object	—	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi NV title	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript pages L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school illuminated miniatures L2 subject/genre	prayerbook L3 patronage/function Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi L3 literary references Middle Dutch text L3 signature/inscription	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

202. Find photographs of pages from fifteenth-century printed editions of the Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi, showing woodcut illustrations and printed typography.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi woodcut printed typography
Jaimes & Chang	woodcut illustrations 1 type/technique	pages 5 generic object	—	—	fifteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	pages C general object	—	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi NV title	—
L1–L5	—	pages L2 subject/genre woodcut L2 medium/materials	Devote ghetiden vanden leven ende passie Jhesu Christi L3 literary references printed typography L3 signature/inscription	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

203. Find photographs of fifteenth-century manuscript pages from Northern Netherlandish prayerbooks written in Middle Dutch, featuring miniatures of the Passion of Christ. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Passion of Christ iconographical	—	—	photographs fifteenth-century manuscript pages from Northern Netherlandish prayerbooks written in Middle Dutch miniatures
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Passion of Christ 8 specific scene	—	fifteenth-century B biographical written in Middle Dutch A associated manuscript pages P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Passion of Christ C specific event	—	fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Northern Netherlandish NV culture/location prayerbooks NV relation/source	written in Middle Dutch
L1–L5	—	manuscript pages L2 medium/materials Northern Netherlandish L2 style/school	written in Middle Dutch L3 signature/inscription prayerbooks L3 patronage/function Passion of Christ L3 iconography	—	fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

204. Find photographs of pages from late fifteenth-century Dutch printed devotional books containing woodcut illustrations of the Passion of Christ. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Passion of Christ iconographical	—	—	photographs late fifteenth-century Dutch woodcut
Jaimes & Chang	woodcut 1 type/technique	books 5 generic object	Passion of Christ 8 specific scene	—	late fifteenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	woodcut P type/technique	pages C general object	Passion of Christ C specific event	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	woodcut L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school	devotional L3 patronage/function Passion of Christ L3 iconography	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

205. Find photographs of the painting Portrait of Frans Hals in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Portrait of Frans Hals iconographical	—	—	photographs painting Metropolitan Museum of Art
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Portrait of Frans Hals 7 specific object	—	Metropolitan Museum of Art P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Frans Hals C specific object	—	Metropolitan Museum of Art NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials Portrait L2 subject/genre	—	—	Frans Hals L4 artist biography Metropolitan Museum of Art L4 provenance	—

206. Find photographs of the painting Portrait of the Artist, also known as the Clowes version.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Portrait of the Artist pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs painting the Clowes version
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Portrait of the Artist, also known as the Clowes version 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Portrait of the Artist NV title Clowes version NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials Portrait of the Artist L2 subject/genre	—	—	Clowes version L4 provenance	—

207. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch paintings that are cataloged as copies or workshop versions of the self-portrait of Frans Hals. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	self-portrait of Frans Hals iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Dutch paintings copies or workshop versions
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Frans Hals 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	self-portrait C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location copies or workshop versions of NV relation/source Frans Hals NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school self-portrait L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution Frans Hals L4 artist biography copies L4 influence/legacy	—

208. Find seventeenth- or eighteenth-century portrait prints, such as engravings or etchings, depicting Frans Hals. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portrait pre-icon. factual	Frans Hals iconographical	—	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century prints, such as engravings or etchings
Jaimes & Chang	engravings or etchings 1 type/technique	portrait 6 generic scene	Frans Hals 7 specific object	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portrait prints, such as engravings or etchings P type/technique	—	Frans Hals C specific object	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	portrait L2 subject/genre prints, such as engravings or etchings L2 medium/materials	depicting Frans Hals L3 iconography	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

209. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the upper sky of the left wing of the Haywain triptych by Jheronimus Bosch, showing the expulsion and transformation of the rebel angels.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	upper sky pre-icon. factual	expulsion and transformation of the rebel angels iconographical	—	—	photographs Haywain triptych Jheronimus Bosch
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique upper sky of the left wing 4 global composition	sky 5 generic object	Haywain triptych 7 specific object expulsion and transformation of the rebel angels 8 specific scene	—	Jheronimus Bosch B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	upper P composition photographs P type/technique	sky C general place	Haywain triptych C specific object expulsion and transformation of the rebel angels C specific event	—	Jheronimus Bosch NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	upper sky L1 composition	—	expulsion and transformation of the rebel angels L3 iconography	—	Jheronimus Bosch L4 artist biography	—

210. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the upper sky of the left wing of the Last Judgment triptych by Jheronimus Bosch, showing the fall of the rebel angels.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	upper sky pre-icon. factual	fall of the rebel angels iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs Jheronimus Bosch
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition	sky 5 generic object	Last Judgment triptych 7 specific object fall of the rebel angels 8 specific scene	—	Jheronimus Bosch B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	upper P composition photographs P type/technique	sky C general place	fall of the rebel angels C specific event	—	Jheronimus Bosch NV creator Last Judgment triptych NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	upper sky of the left wing L1 composition	—	fall of the rebel angels L3 iconography	—	Jheronimus Bosch L4 artist biography	—

211. Find images of late medieval or early Renaissance Northern European manuscript illuminations or panel paintings depicting the Fall of the Rebel Angels or the expulsion of Lucifer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	the Fall of the Rebel Angels or the expulsion of Lucifer iconographical	—	—	late medieval or early Renaissance Northern European manuscript illuminations or panel paintings
Jaimes & Chang	manuscript illuminations or panel paintings 1 type/technique	—	Lucifer 7 specific object Fall of the Rebel Angels 8 specific scene	—	late medieval or early Renaissance Northern European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	manuscript illuminations or panel paintings P type/technique	—	Fall of the Rebel Angels C specific event Lucifer C specific object	—	late medieval or early Renaissance NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript illuminations or panel paintings L2 medium/materials Northern European L2 style/school	Fall of the Rebel Angels or the expulsion of Lucifer L3 iconography	—	late medieval or early Renaissance L4 period evolution	—

212. Find early modern paintings, prints, or sculptures depicting the head of Medusa, focusing on her wide-eyed, shocking facial expression. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	head pre-icon. factual wide-eyed, shocking facial expression pre-icon. expressional	Medusa iconographical	—	—	early modern paintings, prints, or sculptures
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, prints, or sculptures 1 type/technique	head 5 generic object	Medusa 7 specific object	shocking facial expression 10 abstract scene	early modern B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, prints, or sculptures P type/technique wide-eyed P shape	head C general object	Medusa C specific object	shocking C abstract object	early modern NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, prints, or sculptures L2 medium/materials	head of Medusa L3 iconography	wide-eyed, shocking facial expression L5 sublime/emotion	early modern L4 period evolution	—

213. Find early modern paintings or prints depicting a female statue coming to life, showing the physical transition from white marble to living flesh. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	female statue coming to life pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	early modern paintings or prints
Jaimes & Chang	paintings or prints 1 type/technique white marble to living flesh 3 local structure	female statue 5 generic object	—	—	early modern B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings or prints P type/technique white P color living flesh P texture	female statue C general object coming to life C general event	—	—	early modern NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	white L1 colour palette	paintings or prints L2 medium/materials depicting a female statue coming to life L2 subject/genre	—	—	early modern L4 period evolution	—

214. Find high-resolution color photographs of the miniatures and bas-de-page illuminations attributed to Hand G in the Turin-Milan Hours, showing details of brushwork, atmospheric perspective, and interior spaces.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	interior spaces pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution color photographs miniatures and bas-de-page illuminations attributed to Hand G Turin-Milan Hours brushwork atmospheric perspective
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique color 2 global distribution brushwork 3 local structure atmospheric perspective 4 global composition	interior spaces 6 generic scene	—	—	Turin-Milan Hours B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	color P color photographs P type/technique brushwork P texture atmospheric perspective P composition	interior spaces C general place	—	—	attributed to Hand G NV creator Turin-Milan Hours NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	atmospheric perspective L1 perspective	brushwork L2 brushwork miniatures and bas-de-page illuminations L2 medium/materials	Turin-Milan Hours L3 literary references	—	attributed to Hand G L4 artist biography	—

215. Find photographs of pages from the Turin-Milan Hours that feature heraldic shields, coats of arms, or marginal decorations associated with early fifteenth-century patrons.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	marginal decorations pre-icon. factual	heraldic shields, coats of arms iconographical	—	—	photographs Turin-Milan Hours early fifteenth-century patrons
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique marginal decorations 4 global composition	heraldic shields 5 generic object	—	—	Turin-Milan Hours B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	heraldic shields C general object	—	—	Turin-Milan Hours NV title early fifteenth-century NV date/style/period patrons NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	photographs L2 medium/materials marginal decorations L2 subject/genre	heraldic shields, coats of arms L3 iconography Turin-Milan Hours L3 literary references patrons L3 patronage/function	—	early fifteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

216. Find high-resolution museum images of early sixteenth-century portrait prints, specifically etchings or engravings, depicting Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V, executed by Lucas van Leyden or Jan Gossart.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portrait pre-icon. factual	Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V iconographical	—	—	high-resolution early sixteenth-century etchings or engravings executed by Lucas van Leyden or Jan Gossart
Jaimes & Chang	etchings or engravings 1 type/technique	portrait 5 generic object	Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V 7 specific object	—	executed by Lucas van Leyden or Jan Gossart B biographical museum P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	portrait prints, specifically etchings or engravings P type/technique	—	Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V C specific object	—	museum NV culture/location early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Lucas van Leyden or Jan Gossart NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	prints, specifically etchings or engravings L2 medium/materials portrait L2 subject/genre	depicting Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V L3 iconography	—	early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution executed by Lucas van Leyden or Jan Gossart L4 artist biography	—

217. Find photographs of late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century painted portraits of Hapsburg-Burgundian rulers, such as Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V, showing formal courtly poses, heraldry, and official regalia. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	official regalia pre-icon. factual formal courtly poses pre-icon. expressional	Emperor Maximilian I iconographical	—	—	photographs late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century painted
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique formal courtly poses 4 global composition	official regalia 5 generic object	Emperor Maximilian I 7 specific object	—	late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique formal courtly poses P composition	official regalia C general object	Emperor Maximilian I C specific object	—	late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century NV date/style/period painted NV material Hapsburg-Burgundian NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	formal courtly poses L1 composition	painted L2 medium/materials portraits L2 subject/genre	Hapsburg-Burgundian rulers, such as Emperor Maximilian I or Emperor Charles V L3 iconography heraldry L3 symbolism	—	late fifteenth- or early sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

218. Find drawings and prints by Pieter Bruegel the Elder depicting alpine landscapes, mountain valleys, and rocky peaks.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	alpine landscapes, mountain valleys, and rocky peaks pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	drawings and prints Pieter Bruegel the Elder
Jaimes & Chang	drawings and prints 1 type/technique	rocky peaks 5 generic object alpine landscapes 6 generic scene	—	—	Pieter Bruegel the Elder B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings and prints P type/technique	mountain valleys C general place rocky peaks C general object	alpine landscapes C specific place	—	Pieter Bruegel the Elder NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	drawings and prints L2 medium/materials alpine landscapes, mountain valleys, and rocky peaks L2 subject/genre	—	—	Pieter Bruegel the Elder L4 artist biography	—

219. Find photographs and details of Hendrick ter Brugghen's painting 'Man Writing by Candlelight' showing the overall composition, the writer's face, and his hands.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	writer's face pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Hendrick ter Brugghen's painting overall composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique overall composition 4 global composition	the writer's face 5 generic object	'Man Writing by Candlelight' 7 specific object	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	overall composition P composition photographs P type/technique	writer's face C general object	—	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's NV creator 'Man Writing by Candlelight' NV title	—
L1–L5	overall composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials writer's face, and his hands L2 subject/genre	—	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's L4 artist biography	—

220. Find close-up detail photographs of the signature and the writing on the paper in Hendrick ter Brugghen's painting 'Man Writing by Candlelight'.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	writing on the paper pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs signature Hendrick ter Brugghen's painting
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique close-up detail 4 global composition	signature 5 generic object	'Man Writing by Candlelight' 7 specific object	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	close-up detail P composition photographs P type/technique	signature C general object	—	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's NV creator 'Man Writing by Candlelight' NV title	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials 'Man Writing by Candlelight' L2 subject/genre	signature and the writing on the paper L3 signature/inscription	—	Hendrick ter Brugghen's L4 artist biography	—

221. Find seventeenth-century paintings depicting a single figure writing or reading by candlelight, showing dramatic light and shadow. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	a single figure writing or reading by candlelight pre-icon. factual dramatic light and shadow pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	seventeenth-century paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique dramatic light and shadow 2 global distribution	a single figure writing or reading 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	single figure C general object writing or reading C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period	dramatic light and shadow
L1–L5	dramatic light and shadow L1 chiaroscuro	paintings L2 medium/materials a single figure writing or reading L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

222. Find macro photographs or close-up details of sixteenth- to eighteenth-century oil paintings where a colored ground, such as a red bole or dark grey preparation, is visible through thin or abraded paint layers. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	macro photographs or close-up details sixteenth- to eighteenth-century oil paintings a colored ground, such as a red bole or dark grey preparation, is visible through thin or abraded paint layers
Jaimes & Chang	oil paintings 1 type/technique colored ground 3 local structure close-up details 4 global composition	—	—	—	sixteenth- to eighteenth-century B biographical abraded paint layers P physical	—
Hollink et al.	macro photographs P type/technique red P color abraded P texture visible through P composition	—	—	—	sixteenth- to eighteenth-century NV date/style/period oil NV material	—
L1–L5	colored ground, such as a red bole or dark grey preparation L1 colour palette thin or abraded paint layers L1 texture	oil paintings L2 medium/materials	—	—	sixteenth- to eighteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

223. Find photographs of modern reconstruction experiments or mock-ups of historical paintings, showing paint layers being applied over a colored ground. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	paint layers being applied over a colored ground pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs modern reconstruction experiments or mock-ups of historical paintings
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique colored ground 3 local structure	mock-ups 5 generic object showing paint layers being applied over a colored ground 6 generic scene	—	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique colored P color	mock-ups C general object paint layers being applied C general event	—	—	historical NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	colored ground L1 colour palette	paint layers being applied over a colored ground L2 colouring technique photographs L2 medium/materials reconstruction experiments or mock-ups of historical paintings L2 subject/genre	—	—	—	—

224. Find historical ground plans, architectural drawings, or prints showing the interior layout of the Stadtholder's Quarter in The Hague during the seventeenth century.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	interior layout pre-icon. factual	Stadtholder's Quarter in The Hague iconographical	—	—	ground plans, architectural drawings, or prints during the seventeenth century
Jaimes & Chang	architectural drawings, or prints 1 type/technique layout 4 global composition	interior 6 generic scene	Stadtholder's Quarter 7 specific object Stadtholder's Quarter in The Hague during the seventeenth century 8 specific scene	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	ground plans, architectural drawings, or prints P type/technique	interior layout C general place	Stadtholder's Quarter in The Hague C specific place seventeenth century C specific time	—	—	—
L1–L5	—	architectural drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials interior layout of the Stadtholder's Quarter in The Hague L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth century L4 period evolution	—

225. Find paintings, portraits, or decorative objects commissioned by or historically associated with Amalia van Solms.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	decorative objects pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	paintings commissioned by or historically associated with Amalia van Solms
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	decorative objects 5 generic object	Amalia van Solms 7 specific object	—	commissioned by B biographical historically associated with A associated	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	decorative objects C general object	Amalia van Solms C specific object	—	commissioned by NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials portraits L2 subject/genre	commissioned by L3 patronage/function	—	historically associated with Amalia van Solms L4 provenance	—

226. Find photographs of the recently discovered Sri Lankan ivory pipe case, showing its overall form and carved details.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	pipe case pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs recently discovered Sri Lankan ivory carved
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique overall form 4 global composition carved details 3 local structure	—	Sri Lankan ivory pipe case 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique overall form P shape carved details P texture	pipe case C general object	—	—	Sri Lankan NV culture/location ivory NV material	recently discovered
L1–L5	overall form L1 composition carved details L1 texture	ivory L2 medium/materials pipe case L2 subject/genre Sri Lankan L2 style/school	—	—	recently discovered L4 provenance	—

227. Find photographs of the recently discovered Sri Lankan ivory sculpture of the Virgin and Child, showing its carving style and iconographic details.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Virgin and Child iconographical	—	—	photographs recently discovered Sri Lankan ivory sculpture carving style
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique carving style 3 local structure	—	Virgin and Child 7 specific object	iconographic details 9 abstract object	Sri Lankan B biographical ivory P physical	recently discovered
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	sculpture C general object	Virgin and Child C specific object	iconographic details C abstract object	Sri Lankan NV culture/location ivory NV material carving style NV date/style/period	recently discovered
L1–L5	—	ivory sculpture L2 medium/materials Virgin and Child L2 subject/genre carving style L2 style/school	iconographic details L3 iconography	—	recently discovered L4 provenance	—

228. Find photographs of sixteenth- or seventeenth-century Sri Lankan ivory sculptures of Christian subjects, such as the Virgin and Child or saints, produced under Portuguese influence. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Christian subjects, such as the Virgin and Child or saints iconographical	—	—	photographs sixteenth- or seventeenth-century Sri Lankan ivory sculptures produced under Portuguese influence
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	sculptures 5 generic object	Virgin and Child 7 specific object	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	saints C general object	Virgin and Child C specific relation	—	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Sri Lankan NV culture/location ivory NV material	—
L1–L5	—	ivory L2 medium/materials sculptures L2 subject/genre	Virgin and Child or saints L3 iconography	Sri Lankan ivory sculptures of Christian subjects, such as the Virgin and Child or saints, produced under Portuguese influence L5 cross-cultural	sixteenth- or seventeenth-century L4 period evolution produced under Portuguese influence L4 influence/legacy	—

229. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Sri Lankan ivory carvings made for Dutch patrons, such as boxes, cases, or fan handles with European-influenced motifs. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	boxes, cases, or fan handles pre-icon. factual	European-influenced motifs iconographical	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century Sri Lankan ivory carvings made for Dutch patrons
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	boxes, cases, or fan handles 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical ivory P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	boxes, cases, or fan handles C general object	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Sri Lankan NV culture/location ivory NV material made for Dutch patrons NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	ivory carvings L2 medium/materials boxes, cases, or fan handles L2 subject/genre	made for Dutch patrons L3 patronage/function	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution European-influenced motifs L4 influence/legacy	—

230. Find late medieval and early modern paintings, prints, or manuscript illuminations of the Nativity or Holy Family where Saint Joseph is depicted performing domestic tasks like cooking, boiling porridge, drying diapers, or tending a fire. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	cooking, boiling porridge, drying diapers, or tending a fire pre-icon. factual	Nativity or Holy Family iconographical	—	—	late medieval and early modern paintings, prints, or manuscript illuminations
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, prints, or manuscript illuminations 1 type/technique	performing domestic tasks like cooking, boiling porridge, drying diapers, or tending a fire 5 generic object	Nativity or Holy Family 8 specific scene Saint Joseph 7 specific object	—	late medieval and early modern B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, prints, or manuscript illuminations P type/technique	diapers C general object performing domestic tasks C general event	Saint Joseph C specific object Nativity C specific event	—	late medieval and early modern NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, prints, or manuscript illuminations L2 medium/materials Saint Joseph is depicted performing domestic tasks like cooking, boiling porridge, drying diapers, or tending a fire L2 subject/genre	Nativity or Holy Family L3 iconography	—	late medieval and early modern L4 period evolution	—

231. Find high-resolution images of the preparatory drawing of The Conversion of Saint Paul by Peter Paul Rubens in the Courtauld Gallery.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul iconographical	—	—	high-resolution preparatory drawing Peter Paul Rubens Courtauld Gallery
Jaimes & Chang	preparatory drawing 1 type/technique	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical Courtauld Gallery P physical	—
Hollink et al.	drawing P type/technique	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator Courtauld Gallery NV culture/location preparatory drawing of NV relation/source	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	drawing L2 medium/materials	The Conversion of Saint Paul L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography Courtauld Gallery L4 provenance	—

232. Find high-resolution photographs of the oil sketch of The Conversion of Saint Paul by Peter Paul Rubens in the Courtauld Gallery.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul iconographical	—	—	photographs oil sketch Peter Paul Rubens in the Courtauld Gallery
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical Courtauld Gallery P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul C specific event	—	oil NV material Peter Paul Rubens NV creator Courtauld Gallery NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	oil sketch L2 medium/materials	The Conversion of Saint Paul L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography Courtauld Gallery L4 provenance	—

233. Find high-resolution photographs of the finished painting of The Conversion of Saint Paul by Peter Paul Rubens in the Courtauld Gallery.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul iconographical	—	—	high-resolution photographs finished painting Peter Paul Rubens in the Courtauld Gallery
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Saint Paul 7 specific object The Conversion of Saint Paul 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical Courtauld Gallery P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	The Conversion of Saint Paul C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator Courtauld Gallery NV culture/location	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials	The Conversion of Saint Paul L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography Courtauld Gallery L4 provenance	—

234. Find technical images, such as infrared reflectograms or X-radiographs, of Peter Paul Rubens's Conversion of Saint Paul painting, oil sketch, or preparatory drawing in the Courtauld Gallery.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Conversion of Saint Paul iconographical	—	—	technical images, such as infrared reflectograms or X-radiographs Peter Paul Rubens's painting, oil sketch, or preparatory drawing Courtauld Gallery
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms or X-radiographs 1 type/technique	—	Saint Paul 7 specific object Conversion of Saint Paul 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens's B biographical Courtauld Gallery P physical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms P type/technique	—	Conversion of Saint Paul C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens's NV creator oil NV material Courtauld Gallery NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	infrared reflectograms or X-radiographs L2 medium/materials	Conversion of Saint Paul L3 iconography	—	Peter Paul Rubens's L4 artist biography Courtauld Gallery L4 provenance	—

235. Find images of preparatory drawings, oil sketches, and finished paintings of dynamic multi-figure biblical or historical scenes by Peter Paul Rubens to compare his multi-stage creative process. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	dynamic pre-icon. expressional multi-figure pre-icon. factual	biblical or historical scenes iconographical	—	—	preparatory drawings, oil sketches, and finished paintings Peter Paul Rubens multi-stage creative process
Jaimes & Chang	preparatory drawings, oil sketches, and finished paintings 1 type/technique dynamic 4 global composition	multi-figure 5 generic object	biblical or historical scenes 8 specific scene	—	Peter Paul Rubens B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	drawings, oil sketches, and finished paintings P type/technique dynamic P composition	figure C general object	biblical or historical scenes C specific event	—	Peter Paul Rubens NV creator preparatory NV relation/source oil NV material	—
L1–L5	dynamic multi-figure L1 composition	preparatory drawings, oil sketches, and finished paintings L2 medium/materials multi-figure biblical or historical scenes L2 subject/genre	biblical or historical scenes L3 iconography biblical L3 literary references	—	Peter Paul Rubens L4 artist biography	—

236. Find digital reproductions of illuminated pages, miniatures, and decorated borders from the Flemish manuscript known as the Louthe Hours.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	decorated borders pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	digital reproductions Flemish manuscript Louthe Hours
Jaimes & Chang	illuminated pages, miniatures 1 type/technique decorated borders 3 local structure	—	—	—	Flemish manuscript known as the Louthe Hours B biographical digital reproductions P physical	—
Hollink et al.	illuminated pages P type/technique	decorated borders C general object	—	—	Flemish NV culture/location Louthe Hours NV title	—
L1–L5	—	Flemish L2 style/school manuscript L2 medium/materials miniatures, and decorated borders L2 subject/genre	Louthe Hours L3 literary references	—	—	—

237. Find digital reproductions of pages, miniatures, or script from the manuscript Louvain-la-Neuve, Archives de l'Université, Ms A2.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	digital reproductions pages, miniatures, or script manuscript Louvain-la-Neuve, Archives de l'Université, Ms A2
Jaimes & Chang	miniatures 1 type/technique	pages 5 generic object	—	—	manuscript Louvain-la-Neuve, Archives de l'Université, Ms A2 B biographical Archives de l'Université P physical	—
Hollink et al.	miniatures P type/technique	pages C general object	—	—	manuscript Louvain-la-Neuve, Archives de l'Université, Ms A2 NV title Archives de l'Université NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript L2 medium/materials	script L3 signature/inscription	—	Louvain-la-Neuve, Archives de l'Université, Ms A2 L4 provenance	—

238. Find photographs of late fifteenth-century Flemish manuscript illuminations, miniatures, and borders securely attributed to the painter and illuminator Simon Marmion. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs late fifteenth-century Flemish manuscript illuminations, miniatures, and borders securely attributed to the painter and illuminator Simon Marmion
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique borders 4 global composition	—	—	—	Simon Marmion B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	borders C general object	—	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish NV culture/location Simon Marmion NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	Flemish L2 style/school manuscript illuminations, miniatures L2 medium/materials	—	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution attributed to the painter and illuminator Simon Marmion L4 artist biography	—

239. Find photographs of late fifteenth-century Flemish manuscript illuminations, miniatures, and borders securely attributed to the Master of the Dresden Prayerbook. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs late fifteenth-century Flemish manuscript illuminations, miniatures, and borders Master of the Dresden Prayerbook
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique borders 3 local structure	—	—	—	Master of the Dresden Prayerbook B biographical manuscript P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	borders C general object	—	—	late fifteenth-century NV date/style/period Flemish NV culture/location manuscript NV material Master of the Dresden Prayerbook NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	Flemish L2 style/school manuscript illuminations L2 medium/materials	—	—	late fifteenth-century L4 period evolution Master of the Dresden Prayerbook L4 artist biography	—

240. Find portraits or self-portraits of seventeenth-century Dutch artists who were deaf or mute, depicting them with painting materials or engaging in gestural communication. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	painting materials pre-icon. factual	portraits or self-portraits iconographical	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch deaf or mute
Jaimes & Chang	—	painting materials 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch artists B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portraits or self-portraits P type/technique	artists C general object engaging in gestural communication C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	deaf or mute
L1–L5	—	portraits or self-portraits L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution artists who were deaf or mute L4 artist biography	—

241. Find seventeenth-century Dutch genre scenes or winter landscapes painted by deaf artists that feature groups of figures communicating through prominent hand gestures and physical expressions. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	groups of figures pre-icon. factual physical expressions pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch painted by deaf artists
Jaimes & Chang	painted 1 type/technique	figures communicating through prominent hand gestures 5 generic object genre scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	painted P type/technique	winter C general time landscapes C general place figures C general object communicating C general event	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location deaf artists NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	genre scenes or winter landscapes L2 subject/genre painted L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution deaf artists L4 artist biography	—

242. Find photographs of illuminated manuscript pages and miniatures from the Missale Hallense, illuminated by Nikolaus Glockendon.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs illuminated manuscript pages and miniatures Missale Hallense Nikolaus Glockendon
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	illuminated manuscript pages 5 generic object	—	—	illuminated by Nikolaus Glockendon B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	illuminated manuscript pages and miniatures C general object	—	—	Missale Hallense NV title Nikolaus Glockendon NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	illuminated manuscript pages L2 medium/materials	Missale Hallense L3 literary references	—	illuminated by Nikolaus Glockendon L4 artist biography	—

243. Find photographs of manuscript illuminations and miniatures from the Prayer Book of Jakob and Anna Sattler, painted by Nikolaus Glockendon.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs manuscript illuminations and miniatures Prayer Book of Jakob and Anna Sattler Nikolaus Glockendon
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	painted by Nikolaus Glockendon B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	Prayer Book of Jakob and Anna Sattler NV title Nikolaus Glockendon NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript illuminations and miniatures L2 medium/materials	Prayer Book of Jakob and Anna Sattler L3 patronage/function	—	painted by Nikolaus Glockendon L4 artist biography	—

244. Find photographs of illuminated pages and miniatures from the Passion Prayer Book of Albrecht of Brandenburg, executed by Nikolaus Glockendon.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Passion iconographical	—	—	photographs illuminated pages and miniatures Prayer Book of Albrecht of Brandenburg executed by Nikolaus Glockendon
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	illuminated pages 5 generic object	—	—	executed by Nikolaus Glockendon B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	illuminated pages and miniatures C general object	—	—	Passion Prayer Book of Albrecht of Brandenburg NV title executed by Nikolaus Glockendon NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	illuminated pages and miniatures L2 medium/materials	Passion Prayer Book L3 literary references Albrecht of Brandenburg L3 patronage/function	—	Nikolaus Glockendon L4 artist biography	—

245. Find high-resolution images of sixteenth-century engravings and woodcuts depicting the Passion of Christ or other devotional scenes by Albrecht Dürer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Passion of Christ iconographical	—	—	high-resolution sixteenth-century engravings and woodcuts Albrecht Dürer
Jaimes & Chang	engravings and woodcuts 1 type/technique	—	Passion of Christ 8 specific scene	devotional scenes 10 abstract scene	Albrecht Dürer B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	engravings and woodcuts P type/technique	—	Passion of Christ C specific event	devotional scenes C abstract event	Albrecht Dürer NV creator sixteenth-century NV date/style/period	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	engravings and woodcuts L2 medium/materials	Passion of Christ L3 iconography devotional scenes L3 patronage/function	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution by Albrecht Dürer L4 artist biography	—

246. Find photographs of sixteenth-century German manuscript illuminations that adapt or copy print compositions by Albrecht Dürer. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs sixteenth-century German manuscript illuminations adapt or copy print compositions Albrecht Dürer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique compositions 4 global composition	—	—	—	Albrecht Dürer B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period German NV culture/location adapt or copy print compositions NV relation/source Albrecht Dürer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	manuscript illuminations L2 medium/materials German L2 style/school	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution Albrecht Dürer L4 artist biography adapt or copy print compositions L4 influence/legacy	—

247. Find seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, drawings, or prints by pupils or workshop members of Rembrandt that serve as stylistic or technical comparanda for disputed attributions. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch paintings, drawings, or prints pupils or workshop members of Rembrandt stylistic or technical comparanda for disputed attributions
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, drawings, or prints 1 type/technique	—	—	—	pupils or workshop members of Rembrandt B biographical stylistic or technical comparanda for disputed attributions A associated	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, drawings, or prints P type/technique	—	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location pupils or workshop members of Rembrandt NV creator comparanda for disputed attributions NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school paintings, drawings, or prints L2 medium/materials	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution pupils or workshop members of Rembrandt L4 artist biography comparanda for disputed attributions L4 influence/legacy	—

248. Find photographs of the painting of the Tax Collectors formerly at Hagley Hall and now in the Liechtenstein Collection

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Tax Collectors iconographical	—	—	photographs painting formerly at Hagley Hall and now in the Liechtenstein Collection
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Tax Collectors 7 specific object	—	Liechtenstein Collection P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	Tax Collectors C general object	—	—	Liechtenstein Collection NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials Tax Collectors L2 subject/genre	—	—	formerly at Hagley Hall and now in the Liechtenstein Collection L4 provenance	—

249. Find infrared reflectograms or technical conservation images of the Tax Collectors painting in the Liechtenstein Collection

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Tax Collectors iconographical	—	—	infrared reflectograms or technical conservation images Liechtenstein Collection
Jaimes & Chang	infrared reflectograms 1 type/technique	—	Tax Collectors painting 7 specific object	—	Liechtenstein Collection P physical	—
Hollink et al.	infrared reflectograms P type/technique	—	—	—	Tax Collectors NV title Liechtenstein Collection NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	infrared reflectograms or technical conservation images L2 medium/materials Tax Collectors L2 subject/genre	—	—	Liechtenstein Collection L4 provenance	—

250. Find sixteenth-century Netherlandish paintings depicting two tax collectors or money changers at a desk with coins and ledgers (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	at a desk with coins and ledgers pre-icon. factual	two tax collectors or money changers iconographical	—	—	sixteenth-century Netherlandish paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	tax collectors or money changers at a desk with coins and ledgers 5 generic object	—	—	sixteenth-century Netherlandish B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	two tax collectors or money changers C general object	—	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Netherlandish NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Netherlandish L2 style/school paintings L2 medium/materials depicting two tax collectors or money changers at a desk with coins and ledgers L2 subject/genre	—	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

251. Find high-resolution photographs and detailed views of the panel painting known as The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem, dated to circa 1500.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem iconographical	—	—	photographs panel painting dated to circa 1500
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detailed views 4 global composition	—	The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem 7 specific object The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem 8 specific scene	—	dated to circa 1500 B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem C specific object	—	panel NV material circa 1500 NV date/style/period	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	panel painting L2 medium/materials	The Passion of Christ in Jerusalem L3 iconography	—	dated to circa 1500 L4 period evolution	—

252. Find photographs of panel paintings produced in Portugal during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	panel paintings produced in Portugal during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	panel P physical produced in Portugal during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	panel NV material Portugal NV culture/location late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	panel paintings L2 medium/materials produced in Portugal L2 style/school	—	—	late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries L4 period evolution	—

253. Find images of late medieval or early Renaissance artworks produced in Portugal depicting the Passion of Christ or representations of Jerusalem. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Passion of Christ iconographical	—	—	late medieval or early Renaissance produced in Portugal
Jaimes & Chang	—	—	Jerusalem 7 specific object Passion of Christ 8 specific scene	—	produced in Portugal B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	—	—	Passion of Christ C specific event Jerusalem C specific place	—	late medieval or early Renaissance NV date/style/period produced in Portugal NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	produced in Portugal L2 style/school representations of Jerusalem L2 subject/genre	depicting the Passion of Christ L3 iconography	—	late medieval or early Renaissance L4 period evolution	—

254. Find high-resolution details of paintings attributed to Gerard de Lairesse, focusing on areas where different hands might be visible, such as the contrast between main figures and background elements.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	main figures pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution details paintings attributed to Gerard de Lairesse where different hands might be visible
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique contrast between main figures and background elements 4 global composition	main figures 5 generic object	—	—	attributed to Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique contrast between main figures and background elements P composition	figures C general object	—	—	Gerard de Lairesse NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	contrast between main figures and background elements L1 composition	paintings L2 medium/materials	—	—	attributed to Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography	—

255. Find photographs of paintings by pupils and workshop assistants of Gerard de Lairesse, depicting classical or allegorical subjects in a style closely derived from his classicism. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	classical or allegorical subjects iconographical	—	—	photographs paintings pupils and workshop assistants of Gerard de Lairesse in a style closely derived from his classicism
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	—	classical subjects 8 specific scene	allegorical subjects 10 abstract scene	pupils and workshop assistants of Gerard de Lairesse B biographical	style closely derived from his classicism
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	classical [...] subjects C specific object	allegorical subjects C abstract object	pupils and workshop assistants of Gerard de Lairesse NV creator style closely derived from his classicism NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials classical or allegorical subjects L2 subject/genre a style closely derived from his classicism L2 style/school	—	—	pupils and workshop assistants of Gerard de Lairesse L4 artist biography derived from his classicism L4 influence/legacy	—

256. Find engravings of Big Fish Eat Little Fish published by Hieronymus Cock in 1557, showing the full composition and details of the Latin and Dutch inscriptions.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Big Fish Eat Little Fish iconographical	—	—	engravings published by Hieronymus Cock 1557 Latin and Dutch inscriptions
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique full composition 4 global composition	—	Big Fish Eat Little Fish 7 specific object	—	published by Hieronymus Cock in 1557 B biographical Latin and Dutch inscriptions A associated	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique full composition P composition	Latin and Dutch inscriptions C general object	—	—	Big Fish Eat Little Fish NV title Hieronymus Cock NV creator 1557 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition	engravings L2 medium/materials	Big Fish Eat Little Fish L3 iconography Latin and Dutch inscriptions L3 signature/inscription	—	1557 L4 period evolution published by Hieronymus Cock L4 artist biography	—

257. Find engravings published by Hieronymus Cock before 1557 that attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch, depicting fantastic, diabolical, or moralizing scenes. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	fantastic, diabolical pre-icon. expressional	moralizing scenes iconographical	—	—	engravings published by Hieronymus Cock before 1557 attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	—	—	fantastic, diabolical, or moralizing scenes 10 abstract scene	published by Hieronymus Cock before 1557 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	—	—	fantastic, diabolical, or moralizing scenes C abstract event	published by Hieronymus Cock NV creator before 1557 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials depicting fantastic, diabolical, or moralizing scenes L2 subject/genre	moralizing scenes L3 symbolism	—	published by Hieronymus Cock L4 artist biography before 1557 L4 period evolution attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch L4 influence/legacy	—

258. Find engravings published by Hieronymus Cock from 1557 or later that attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch, focusing on moralizing subjects or proverbs. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	moralizing subjects or proverbs iconographical	—	—	engravings published by Hieronymus Cock from 1557 or later attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	—	—	moralizing subjects or proverbs 10 abstract scene	published by Hieronymus Cock from 1557 or later B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	—	—	moralizing subjects C abstract object	published by Hieronymus Cock NV creator from 1557 or later NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials moralizing subjects L2 subject/genre	moralizing subjects L3 symbolism proverbs L3 literary references	—	from 1557 or later L4 period evolution attribute the invention to Hieronymus Bosch L4 artist biography	—

259. Find beta-radiographs or transmitted light photographs of watermarks in Rembrandt's etchings, including Landscape with Three Trees, Jan Lutma the Elder, Landscape with Haybarn and Flock of Sheep, The Goldweigher's Field, Clement de Jonghe, St. Francis Praying Beneath a Tree, or Landscape with Three Gabled Cottages.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Landscape with Three Trees pre-icon. factual	St. Francis Praying Beneath a Tree iconographical	—	—	beta-radiographs or transmitted light photographs Rembrandt's etchings
Jaimes & Chang	beta-radiographs 1 type/technique	watermarks 5 generic object	Landscape with Three Trees 7 specific object	—	Rembrandt's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	beta-radiographs P type/technique	watermarks C general object	—	—	Rembrandt's NV creator Landscape with Three Trees NV title	—
L1–L5	—	etchings L2 medium/materials Landscape with Three Trees L2 subject/genre	St. Francis Praying Beneath a Tree L3 iconography watermarks L3 signature/inscription	—	Rembrandt's L4 artist biography	—

260. Find decision-tree diagrams or taxonomic flowcharts designed for the classification of paper watermarks.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	decision-tree diagrams or taxonomic flowcharts pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	designed for the classification of paper watermarks
Jaimes & Chang	decision-tree diagrams 1 type/technique	paper watermarks 5 generic object	—	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	decision-tree diagrams or taxonomic flowcharts P type/technique	classification C general event paper watermarks C general object	—	—	—	—
L1–L5	—	decision-tree diagrams or taxonomic flowcharts L2 subject/genre	designed for the classification of paper watermarks L3 patronage/function	—	—	—

261. Find beta-radiographs or transmitted light images of seventeenth-century European paper watermarks, such as the foolscap, Strasbourg lily, or arms of Amsterdam, showing clear wire and chain lines. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	arms of Amsterdam iconographical	—	—	beta-radiographs or transmitted light images seventeenth-century wire and chain lines
Jaimes & Chang	beta-radiographs or transmitted light images 1 type/technique wire and chain lines 3 local structure	watermarks 5 generic object	arms of Amsterdam 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century European B biographical paper P physical	—
Hollink et al.	beta-radiographs or transmitted light images P type/technique	watermarks C general object	arms of Amsterdam C specific object	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period European NV culture/location paper NV material	—
L1–L5	wire and chain lines L1 line quality	beta-radiographs or transmitted light images L2 medium/materials paper watermarks L2 subject/genre	foolscap, Strasbourg lily, or arms of Amsterdam L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century European L4 period evolution	—

262. Find photographs of paintings by Frans Hals depicting laughing or smiling genre figures, including Laughing Fisher Boy, Laughing Man with Jug, Mulat, and Young Man and Woman in an Inn, focusing on details of the brushwork.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	laughing or smiling pre-icon. expressional figures pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Frans Hals details of the brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique details of the brushwork 3 local structure	genre figures 5 generic object	Laughing Fisher Boy 7 specific object	—	by Frans Hals B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique brushwork P texture	laughing or smiling C general event genre figures C general object	—	—	Frans Hals NV creator Laughing Fisher Boy NV title	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials laughing or smiling genre figures L2 subject/genre brushwork L2 brushwork	—	—	Frans Hals L4 artist biography	—

263. Find photographs of the painting Young Man Holding a Skull by Frans Hals, showing the full composition and details of the hand holding the skull.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	hand holding the skull pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Frans Hals full composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full composition 4 global composition	hand holding the skull 5 generic object	Young Man Holding a Skull 7 specific object	—	Frans Hals B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full composition P composition	hand C general object holding C general event	Young Man Holding a Skull C specific object	—	Frans Hals NV creator	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition	painting L2 medium/materials Young Man Holding a Skull L2 subject/genre	—	—	Frans Hals L4 artist biography	—

264. Find photographs of the Portrait of a Man with a Cow's Jawbone in His Hand by Frans Hals, showing the full composition.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	Man with a Cow's Jawbone in His Hand pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Frans Hals showing the full composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full composition 4 global composition	—	Portrait of a Man with a Cow's Jawbone in His Hand 7 specific object	—	Frans Hals B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full composition P composition	—	—	—	Portrait of a Man with a Cow's Jawbone in His Hand NV title Frans Hals NV creator	—
L1–L5	full composition L1 composition	Portrait of a Man with a Cow's Jawbone in His Hand L2 subject/genre	—	—	Frans Hals L4 artist biography	—

265. Find photographs of seventeenth-century Dutch genre paintings of laughing figures or tavern scenes by contemporaries of Frans Hals, showing different styles of brushwork. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	tavern scenes pre-icon. factual laughing figures pre-icon. expressional	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth-century contemporaries of Frans Hals styles of brushwork
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique brushwork 3 local structure	laughing figures 5 generic object tavern scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	contemporaries of Frans Hals B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique brushwork P texture	laughing C general event figures C general object tavern C general place	—	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location contemporaries of Frans Hals NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials genre paintings of laughing figures or tavern scenes L2 subject/genre Dutch L2 style/school different styles of brushwork L2 brushwork	—	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution contemporaries of Frans Hals L4 artist biography	—

266. Find high-resolution detail images of the corner figural vignettes from the 1532 world map Typus cosmographicus universalis, showing scenes of native peoples, animals, and activities.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	native peoples, animals, and activities pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution 1532 world map
Jaimes & Chang	world map 1 type/technique corner 4 global composition	native peoples 5 generic object scenes 6 generic scene	Typus cosmographicus universalis 7 specific object	—	1532 B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	corner P composition map P type/technique	native peoples C general object activities C general event	—	—	1532 NV date/style/period Typus cosmographicus universalis NV title	high-resolution
L1–L5	corner L1 composition	scenes of native peoples, animals, and activities L2 subject/genre	Typus cosmographicus universalis L3 iconography	—	1532 L4 period evolution	—

267. Find woodcut illustrations from printed travel books published between 1490 and 1530 depicting ethnographic scenes, native peoples of newly contacted lands, or cannibalism. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	cannibalism pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	woodcut illustrations printed travel books published between 1490 and 1530
Jaimes & Chang	woodcut illustrations 1 type/technique	native peoples of newly contacted lands 5 generic object ethnographic scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	published between 1490 and 1530 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	woodcut P type/technique	native peoples of newly contacted lands C general object cannibalism C general event	—	—	illustrations from printed travel books NV relation/source published between 1490 and 1530 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	woodcut L2 medium/materials depicting ethnographic scenes, native peoples of newly contacted lands, or cannibalism L2 subject/genre	printed travel books L3 literary references	—	published between 1490 and 1530 L4 period evolution	—

268. Find high-resolution photographs and detailed views of the painting Peasant and Nestrobber by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, focusing on the main peasant, the nest robber in the tree, and the background details.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	main peasant pre-icon. factual	Peasant and Nestrobber iconographical	—	—	high-resolution photographs painting Pieter Bruegel the Elder
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detailed views 4 global composition	main peasant 5 generic object	Peasant and Nestrobber 7 specific object	—	Pieter Bruegel the Elder B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique background P composition	peasant C general object	—	—	Peasant and Nestrobber NV title Pieter Bruegel the Elder NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painting L2 medium/materials the main peasant, the nest robber in the tree, and the background details L2 subject/genre	Peasant and Nestrobber L3 iconography	—	Pieter Bruegel the Elder L4 artist biography	—

269. Find sixteenth-century engravings, woodcuts, or drawings depicting the moralizing proverb of the bird nester or nest robber. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	moralizing proverb of the bird nester or nest robber iconographical	—	—	sixteenth-century engravings, woodcuts, or drawings
Jaimes & Chang	engravings, woodcuts, or drawings 1 type/technique	bird nester or nest robber 5 generic object	—	moralizing proverb 10 abstract scene	sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings, woodcuts, or drawings P type/technique	bird nester or nest robber C general object	—	moralizing proverb C abstract object	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	engravings, woodcuts, or drawings L2 medium/materials	proverb of the bird nester or nest robber L3 iconography moralizing proverb L3 symbolism	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

270. Find photographs of Paul van Somer's 1617 portrait of Anne of Denmark, showing the full-length composition as well as details of her hunting habit, the Italianate palace in the background, and the accompanying dogs.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	accompanying dogs pre-icon. factual	Anne of Denmark iconographical	—	—	photographs Paul van Somer's 1617 full-length composition
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique full-length composition 4 global composition	hunting habit 5 generic object	Anne of Denmark 7 specific object	—	Paul van Somer's 1617 B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique full-length composition P composition	hunting habit C general object Italianate palace C general place	Anne of Denmark C specific object	—	Paul van Somer's NV creator 1617 NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	full-length composition L1 composition	portrait L2 subject/genre	Anne of Denmark L3 iconography	—	1617 L4 period evolution Paul van Somer's L4 artist biography	—

271. Find early seventeenth-century Northern European royal portraits depicting monarchs or princes in hunting attire, accompanied by dogs or set against prominent estate backdrops. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	dogs pre-icon. factual	monarchs or princes iconographical	—	—	early seventeenth-century Northern European
Jaimes & Chang	—	monarchs or princes 5 generic object estate backdrops 6 generic scene	—	—	early seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portraits P type/technique set against P composition	monarchs or princes C general object accompanied by C general relation estate backdrops C general place	—	—	early seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Northern European L2 style/school portraits depicting monarchs or princes in hunting attire, accompanied by dogs or set against prominent estate backdrops L2 subject/genre	—	—	early seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

272. Find photographs showing the top exterior panel of Samuel van Hoogstraten's London perspective box, focusing on the anamorphic painted composition.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	top exterior panel pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs Samuel van Hoogstraten's anamorphic
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique anamorphic painted composition 4 global composition	—	London perspective box 7 specific object	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique anamorphic P shape composition P composition	top exterior panel C general object	London perspective box C specific object	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's NV creator	—
L1–L5	anamorphic L1 perspective composition L1 composition	photographs L2 medium/materials top exterior panel L2 subject/genre	—	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's L4 artist biography	—

273. Find photographs of the exterior side panels of Samuel van Hoogstraten's London perspective box, showing the painted decorations and allegorical scenes.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	painted decorations pre-icon. factual	allegorical scenes iconographical	—	—	photographs exterior side panels Samuel van Hoogstraten's London perspective box
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	exterior side panels 5 generic object	London perspective box 7 specific object	allegorical scenes 10 abstract scene	Samuel van Hoogstraten's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	exterior side panels C general object	London perspective box C specific object	allegorical scenes C abstract event	Samuel van Hoogstraten's NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	exterior side panels L2 subject/genre	allegorical scenes L3 symbolism	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's L4 artist biography London L4 provenance	—

274. Find technical diagrams, schematics, or line drawings illustrating the viewing angles, sightlines, and optical construction of Samuel van Hoogstraten's London perspective box.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	viewing angles, sightlines, and optical construction pre-icon. factual	London perspective box iconographical	—	—	technical diagrams, schematics, or line drawings Samuel van Hoogstraten's
Jaimes & Chang	technical diagrams, schematics, or line drawings 1 type/technique viewing angles 4 global composition	—	London perspective box 7 specific object	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	technical diagrams, schematics, or line drawings P type/technique	viewing angles, sightlines, and optical construction C general object	London perspective box C specific object	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's NV creator	—
L1–L5	line drawings L1 line quality viewing angles, sightlines, and optical construction L1 perspective	technical diagrams, schematics L2 subject/genre	—	—	Samuel van Hoogstraten's L4 artist biography	—

275. Find museum photographs of 17th-century Dutch perspective boxes or peepshows, showing their exterior wooden panels, painted decorations, and viewing apertures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	exterior wooden panels pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs 17th-century Dutch
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	perspective boxes 5 generic object	—	—	17th-century Dutch B biographical museum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique exterior P composition	perspective boxes C general object	—	—	17th-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location wooden NV material	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school perspective boxes or peepshows L2 subject/genre wooden L2 medium/materials	—	—	museum L4 provenance 17th-century L4 period evolution	—

276. Find photographs of 17th-century Dutch anamorphic paintings or prints designed to be viewed from an extreme oblique angle to resolve the distorted image. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	distorted image pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	photographs 17th-century Dutch paintings or prints anamorphic
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique extreme oblique angle 4 global composition	—	—	—	17th-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique distorted P shape extreme oblique angle P composition	—	—	—	17th-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	designed to be viewed from an extreme oblique angle L1 perspective	paintings or prints L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school	—	—	17th-century L4 period evolution	—

277. Find high-resolution detail photographs of gold-brocaded velvet textiles and drapery in paintings by Cornelis Engebrechtsz, including the Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ, Triptych with the Crucifixion of Christ, Revelation of Saint John, or Christ's Second Visit to the House of Mary and Martha.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	gold-brocaded velvet textiles pre-icon. factual	Lamentation of Christ iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs paintings Cornelis Engebrechtsz
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detail 4 global composition	gold-brocaded velvet textiles and drapery 5 generic object	Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ 7 specific object Revelation of Saint John 8 specific scene	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz B biographical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	gold P color velvet P texture photographs P type/technique	textiles and drapery C general object	Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ C specific object Crucifixion of Christ C specific event	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz NV creator	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials gold-brocaded velvet textiles and drapery L2 subject/genre	Lamentation of Christ L3 iconography	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz L4 artist biography	—

278. Find technical images, paint cross-sections, or photomicrographs showing the paint layer structure of gold-brocaded velvets in paintings by Cornelis Engebrechtsz, specifically from the Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ, Triptych with the Crucifixion of Christ, Revelation of Saint John, or Christ's Second Visit to the House of Mary and Martha.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	gold-brocaded velvets pre-icon. factual	Lamentation of Christ iconographical	—	—	technical images, paint cross-sections, or photomicrographs paint layer structure Cornelis Engebrechtsz
Jaimes & Chang	photomicrographs 1 type/technique paint layer structure 3 local structure	gold-brocaded velvets 5 generic object	Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ 7 specific object Crucifixion of Christ 8 specific scene	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photomicrographs P type/technique	gold-brocaded velvets C general object	—	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz NV creator Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ NV title	—
L1–L5	—	paint layer structure L2 medium/materials gold-brocaded velvets L2 subject/genre	Triptych with the Lamentation of Christ L3 iconography	—	Cornelis Engebrechtsz L4 artist biography	—

279. Find photographs of late medieval manuscript pages containing metal pilgrim badges, or showing circular stains, offsets, and sewing holes where badges were formerly attached. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	circular stains, offsets, and sewing holes pre-icon. factual	pilgrim badges iconographical	—	—	photographs late medieval
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique circular stains 3 local structure	metal pilgrim badges 5 generic object	—	—	late medieval B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique circular P shape	pilgrim badges C general object containing C general relation	—	—	late medieval NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	circular stains, offsets, and sewing holes L1 texture	manuscript pages L2 medium/materials metal pilgrim badges L2 subject/genre	—	—	late medieval L4 period evolution	—

280. Find photographs of late medieval pewter or lead-alloy pilgrim badges, especially circular or round devotional badges representing saints or shrines. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	circular or round pre-icon. factual	saints or shrines iconographical	—	—	photographs late medieval pewter or lead-alloy
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique circular or round 3 local structure	pilgrim badges 5 generic object	—	devotional 9 abstract object	late medieval B biographical pewter or lead-alloy P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique circular or round P shape	pilgrim badges C general object shrines C general place	—	—	late medieval NV date/style/period pewter or lead-alloy NV material	—
L1–L5	circular or round L1 composition	pewter or lead-alloy L2 medium/materials pilgrim badges L2 subject/genre	representing saints or shrines L3 iconography devotional L3 patronage/function	—	late medieval L4 period evolution	—

281. Find paintings of seventeenth-century civic guard group portraits, or schuttersstukken, associated with the Handboogsdoelen, Voetboogsdoelen, or Kloveniersdoelen in Amsterdam.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	group portraits pre-icon. factual	schuttersstukken iconographical	—	—	paintings seventeenth-century in Amsterdam
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique group portraits 4 global composition	civic guard 5 generic object schuttersstukken 6 generic scene	Handboogsdoelen 7 specific object	—	seventeenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings P type/technique	civic guard group portraits C general object	Handboogsdoelen, Voetboogsdoelen, or Kloveniersdoelen C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period in Amsterdam NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings L2 medium/materials civic guard group portraits, or schuttersstukken L2 subject/genre	Handboogsdoelen, Voetboogsdoelen, or Kloveniersdoelen in Amsterdam L3 patronage/function	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

282. Find high-resolution museum photographs of small-format engravings by Sebald Beham, focusing on detailed figurative scenes or ornamental designs.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	detailed figurative scenes pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	high-resolution museum photographs small-format engravings by Sebald Beham
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique ornamental designs 3 local structure	figurative scenes 6 generic scene	—	—	Sebald Beham B biographical small-format P physical	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	figurative scenes C general object	—	—	Sebald Beham NV creator museum NV culture/location	high-resolution small-format
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials figurative scenes or ornamental designs L2 subject/genre	—	—	Sebald Beham L4 artist biography museum L4 provenance	small-format

283. Find photographs of large-scale woodcuts, multi-sheet prints, or broadsheets designed by Sebald Beham.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs large-scale woodcuts, multi-sheet prints, or broadsheets designed by Sebald Beham
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	—	—	large-scale P physical designed by Sebald Beham B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	—	—	designed by Sebald Beham NV creator	large-scale
L1–L5	—	woodcuts, multi-sheet prints, or broadsheets L2 medium/materials	—	—	Sebald Beham L4 artist biography	large-scale

284. Find museum photographs of engravings and woodcuts by Albrecht Dürer depicting peasants, soldiers, or mythological figures. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	peasants, soldiers pre-icon. factual	mythological figures iconographical	—	—	museum photographs engravings and woodcuts by Albrecht Dürer
Jaimes & Chang	photographs of engravings and woodcuts 1 type/technique	peasants, soldiers, or mythological figures 5 generic object	—	—	by Albrecht Dürer B biographical museum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	peasants C general object	mythological figures C specific object	—	museum NV culture/location Albrecht Dürer NV creator	—
L1–L5	—	engravings and woodcuts L2 medium/materials peasants, soldiers L2 subject/genre	mythological figures L3 iconography	—	Albrecht Dürer L4 artist biography	—

285. Find photographs of the Zimmern Anamorphosis showing the painting from a direct frontal view and from extreme side or oblique angles to demonstrate the anamorphic effect.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs the Zimmern Anamorphosis from a direct frontal view and from extreme side or oblique angles anamorphic effect
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique direct frontal view 4 global composition	—	Zimmern Anamorphosis 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique direct frontal view and from extreme side or oblique angles P composition	—	Zimmern Anamorphosis C specific object	—	—	—
L1–L5	direct frontal view and from extreme side or oblique angles L1 perspective	painting L2 medium/materials	Zimmern Anamorphosis L3 iconography	—	—	—

286. Find high-resolution detail photographs of the Zimmern Anamorphosis focusing on inscriptions, heraldry, or symbolic details embedded in the composition.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	inscriptions, heraldry, or symbolic details iconographical	—	—	high-resolution detail photographs Zimmern Anamorphosis
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique composition 4 global composition	inscriptions 5 generic object	Zimmern Anamorphosis 7 specific object	symbolic details 9 abstract object	—	high-resolution
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique composition P composition	inscriptions C general object	Zimmern Anamorphosis C specific object	symbolic details C abstract object	—	high-resolution
L1–L5	Anamorphosis L1 perspective composition L1 composition	—	heraldry L3 iconography inscriptions L3 signature/inscription symbolic details L3 symbolism	—	—	—

287. Find photographs of sixteenth-century European anamorphic paintings, showing both the distorted frontal view and the corrected oblique view, depicting portraits or memento mori themes. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	portraits pre-icon. factual	memento mori themes iconographical	—	—	photographs sixteenth-century European anamorphic paintings showing both the distorted frontal view and the corrected oblique view
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique distorted frontal view and the corrected oblique view 4 global composition	portraits 5 generic object	—	memento mori themes 10 abstract scene	sixteenth-century European B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique distorted frontal view and the corrected oblique view P composition	portraits C general object	—	memento mori themes C abstract object	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	distorted frontal view and the corrected oblique view L1 perspective	paintings L2 medium/materials portraits L2 subject/genre	memento mori themes L3 symbolism	—	sixteenth-century European L4 period evolution	—

288. Find high-resolution photographs and detailed views of the Besloten Hofje with Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria from Mechelen, focusing on the painted panels, silk flowers, and relic assemblages.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	silk flowers pre-icon. factual	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria iconographical	—	—	high-resolution photographs from Mechelen painted panels
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique detailed views 4 global composition	silk flowers 5 generic object	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary 7 specific object	—	from Mechelen B biographical high-resolution P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique detailed views P composition	silk flowers C general object	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary C specific object	—	Besloten Hofje with Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria NV title Mechelen NV culture/location silk NV material	high-resolution
L1–L5	—	painted panels, silk flowers, and relic assemblages L2 medium/materials	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria L3 iconography	—	from Mechelen L4 provenance	—

289. Find detailed photographs of the female figures, particularly any depicting visual impairment or blindness, within the Besloten Hofje with Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	female figures pre-icon. factual	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria iconographical	—	—	photographs
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	female figures 5 generic object	Besloten Hofje with Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria 7 specific object	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	female figures C general object	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary C specific object	blindness C abstract object	Besloten Hofje with Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria NV title	—
L1–L5	—	female figures, particularly any depicting visual impairment or blindness L2 subject/genre	Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Ursula, and Saint Catherine of Alexandria L3 iconography	—	—	—

290. Find historical photographs, interior views, or architectural plans of the chapel and wards of the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwegasthuis in Mechelen.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	chapel and wards pre-icon. factual	Onze-Lieve-Vrouwegasthuis in Mechelen iconographical	—	—	historical photographs architectural plans
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	chapel 5 generic object interior views 6 generic scene	Onze-Lieve-Vrouwegasthuis in Mechelen 7 specific object	—	historical B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	chapel C general place	Onze-Lieve-Vrouwegasthuis in Mechelen C specific place	—	historical NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	interior views L1 perspective	photographs L2 medium/materials chapel and wards of the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwegasthuis in Mechelen L2 subject/genre	—	—	historical L4 period evolution	—

291. Find photographs of sixteenth-century Besloten Hofjes or Enclosed Gardens from Mechelen, showing the complete assemblages of statuettes, silk flowers, and relics in wooden cabinets. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	statuettes, silk flowers, and relics in wooden cabinets pre-icon. factual	Besloten Hofjes or Enclosed Gardens iconographical	—	—	photographs sixteenth-century from Mechelen
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique complete assemblages 4 global composition	statuettes 5 generic object	Besloten Hofjes or Enclosed Gardens from Mechelen 7 specific object	—	sixteenth-century B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	statuettes C general object relics in wooden cabinets C general relation	Besloten Hofjes C specific object	—	sixteenth-century NV date/style/period Mechelen NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	statuettes, silk flowers, and relics in wooden cabinets L2 subject/genre	Besloten Hofjes or Enclosed Gardens L3 iconography	—	sixteenth-century L4 period evolution from Mechelen L4 provenance	—

292. Find late medieval or early modern Northern European paintings, woodcuts, or manuscript illuminations depicting blind or visually impaired individuals, particularly in hospital, charitable, or devotional settings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	blind or visually impaired individuals pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	paintings, woodcuts, or manuscript illuminations late medieval or early modern Northern European
Jaimes & Chang	paintings, woodcuts, or manuscript illuminations 1 type/technique	blind or visually impaired individuals 5 generic object hospital, charitable, or devotional settings 6 generic scene	—	—	late medieval or early modern B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	paintings, woodcuts, or manuscript illuminations P type/technique	blind or visually impaired individuals C general object hospital, charitable, or devotional settings C general place	—	—	late medieval or early modern NV date/style/period Northern European NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	paintings, woodcuts, or manuscript illuminations L2 medium/materials blind or visually impaired individuals L2 subject/genre Northern European L2 style/school	hospital, charitable, or devotional settings L3 patronage/function	—	late medieval or early modern L4 period evolution	—

293. Find seventeenth-century Dutch portraits or genre paintings depicting individuals wearing or displaying imported Asian textiles, such as chintz garments or Japanese silk robes. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	individuals wearing or displaying imported Asian textiles, such as chintz garments or Japanese silk robes pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch portraits or genre paintings
Jaimes & Chang	paintings 1 type/technique	chintz garments 5 generic object genre paintings 6 generic scene	—	—	seventeenth-century Dutch B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	portraits or genre paintings P type/technique	individuals C general object wearing or displaying C general event	Japanese C specific place	—	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location	—
L1–L5	—	Dutch L2 style/school portraits or genre paintings L2 subject/genre	—	imported Asian textiles L5 cross-cultural	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

294. Find museum photographs of surviving seventeenth- or eighteenth-century Indian chintz or painted cotton textiles imported into the Netherlands. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	—	—	—	photographs seventeenth- or eighteenth-century Indian chintz or painted cotton textiles imported into the Netherlands
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	chintz or painted cotton textiles 5 generic object	—	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century B biographical museum P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	textiles C general object	—	—	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century NV date/style/period Indian NV culture/location cotton NV material	—
L1–L5	—	painted cotton textiles L2 medium/materials Indian L2 style/school	—	imported into the Netherlands L5 cross-cultural	seventeenth- or eighteenth-century L4 period evolution	—

295. Find engravings from seventeenth-century Jesuit emblem books showing the allegorical figures of the Soul and Divine Love interacting in spiritual exercises. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	interacting pre-icon. factual	allegorical figures of the Soul and Divine Love iconographical	—	—	engravings seventeenth-century Jesuit emblem books
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	—	—	allegorical figures of the Soul and Divine Love 9 abstract object spiritual exercises 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Jesuit emblem books B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	interacting C general event	—	allegorical figures of the Soul and Divine Love C abstract object spiritual exercises C abstract event	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Jesuit emblem books NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials	emblem books L3 literary references allegorical figures of the Soul and Divine Love L3 iconography	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

296. Find engravings from seventeenth-century Dutch Catholic emblem books that adapt spiritual allegories into vernacular or domestic settings. (comparanda)

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	domestic settings pre-icon. factual	spiritual allegories iconographical	Catholic iconological	—	engravings seventeenth-century Dutch emblem books
Jaimes & Chang	engravings 1 type/technique	vernacular or domestic settings 6 generic scene	—	spiritual allegories 10 abstract scene	seventeenth-century Dutch Catholic emblem books B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	engravings P type/technique	domestic settings C general place	—	spiritual allegories C abstract object	seventeenth-century NV date/style/period Dutch NV culture/location emblem books NV relation/source	—
L1–L5	—	engravings L2 medium/materials Dutch L2 style/school vernacular or domestic settings L2 subject/genre	emblem books L3 literary references spiritual allegories L3 symbolism	—	seventeenth-century L4 period evolution	—

297. Find photographs of the 1494 Germanic panel painting depicting Christ Carrying the Cross, currently in Atlanta.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Christ Carrying the Cross iconographical	—	—	photographs 1494 Germanic panel painting currently in Atlanta
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Christ 7 specific object Christ Carrying the Cross 8 specific scene	—	1494 B biographical currently in Atlanta P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Christ C specific object Christ Carrying the Cross C specific event	—	1494 NV date/style/period Germanic NV culture/location panel NV material	—
L1–L5	—	panel painting L2 medium/materials Germanic L2 style/school	Christ Carrying the Cross L3 iconography	—	1494 L4 period evolution currently in Atlanta L4 provenance	—

298. Find photographs of the 1494 Germanic panel painting depicting the Crucifixion, currently in Chicago.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	—	Crucifixion iconographical	—	—	1494 Germanic panel painting currently in Chicago
Jaimes & Chang	photographs 1 type/technique	—	Crucifixion 8 specific scene	—	1494 B biographical currently in Chicago P physical	—
Hollink et al.	photographs P type/technique	—	Crucifixion C specific event	—	1494 NV date/style/period Germanic NV culture/location panel NV material	—
L1–L5	—	panel painting L2 medium/materials Germanic L2 style/school	Crucifixion L3 iconography	—	1494 L4 period evolution currently in Chicago L4 provenance	—

299. Find historical maps and urban plans of colonial Batavia from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries showing the layout of canals, city walls, and designated ethnic quarters.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	canals, city walls pre-icon. factual	colonial Batavia iconographical	—	—	historical maps and urban plans from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Jaimes & Chang	maps and urban plans 1 type/technique layout 4 global composition	canals 5 generic object	colonial Batavia 8 specific scene	—	from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries B biographical	—
Hollink et al.	maps and urban plans P type/technique layout P composition	canals, city walls C general object ethnic quarters C general place	Batavia C specific place	—	seventeenth and eighteenth centuries NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	layout L1 composition	maps and urban plans of colonial Batavia L2 subject/genre	—	—	seventeenth and eighteenth centuries L4 period evolution	—

300. Find historical prints, drawings, or early photographs of residential streets and houses in colonial Batavia, showing Dutch-style canal houses, Chinese shophouses, or native kampong dwellings.

	visual
framework	form	depicted	iconographic	abstract	non-visual	no place
Panofsky	—	residential streets and houses pre-icon. factual	—	—	—	historical prints, drawings, or early photographs
Jaimes & Chang	prints, drawings, or early photographs 1 type/technique	houses 5 generic object residential streets 6 generic scene	colonial Batavia 8 specific scene	—	—	—
Hollink et al.	prints, drawings, or early photographs P type/technique	residential streets C general place houses C general object	Batavia C specific place	—	historical NV date/style/period	—
L1–L5	—	prints, drawings, or early photographs L2 medium/materials residential streets and houses L2 subject/genre Dutch-style L2 style/school	—	—	colonial Batavia L4 period evolution	—