@misc{turner2023actadd,
  author = {Alex Turner and Lisa Thiergart and David Udell and Gavin Leech and Ulisse Mini and Monte MacDiarmid},
  title = {{Activation Addition: Steering Language Models Without Optimization}},
  year = {2023},
  eprint = {2308.10248v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.10248v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2023-08-20; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{panickssery2024caa,
  author = {Nina Panickssery and Nick Gabrieli and Julian Schulz and Meg Tong and Evan Hubinger and Alexander Matt Turner},
  title = {{Steering Llama 2 via Contrastive Activation Addition}},
  year = {2024},
  eprint = {2312.06681v4},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.06681v4},
  note = {Cited version dated 2024-07-05; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{wu2025emotion,
  author = {Xiuwen Wu and Hao Wang and Zhiang Yan and Xiaohan Tang and Pengfei Xu and Wai-Ting Siok and Ping Li and Jia-Hong Gao and Bingjiang Lyu and Lang Qin},
  title = {{AI shares emotion with humans across languages and cultures}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2506.13978v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13978v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2025-06-11; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{diallo2026style,
  author = {Diaoulé Diallo and Katharina Dworatzyk and Sophie Jentzsch and Peer Schütt and Sabine Theis and Tobias Hecking},
  title = {{The Effectiveness of Style Vectors for Steering Large Language Models: A Human Evaluation}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.21505v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.21505v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-01-29; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{sun2026emotion,
  author = {Moran Sun and Tianlin Li and Yuwei Zheng and Zhenhong Zhou and Aishan Liu and Xianglong Liu and Yang Liu},
  title = {{How Emotion Shapes the Behavior of LLMs and Agents: A Mechanistic Study}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.00005v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00005v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-03-09; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{jeong2026emotion,
  author = {Jihoon Jeong},
  title = {{Extracting and Steering Emotion Representations in Small Language Models: A Methodological Comparison}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.04064v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.04064v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-04-05; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{shu2026emotion,
  author = {Bangzhao Shu and Arinjay Singh and Mai ElSherief},
  title = {{Why Are Some Emotions Harder for LLMs? Uncovering the Causal Mechanisms of Emotion Inference via Sparse Autoencoders}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.25866v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.25866v3},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-10-24; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{wang2026readbest,
  author = {Yibo Wang and Jisheng Dang and Bimei Wang and Yitao Wu and Wencan Zhang and Hong Peng and Jizhao Liu and Bin Hu and Qi Tian and Tat-Seng Chua},
  title = {{Read-Best Is Not Steer-Best: A Probing--Steering Layer Dissociation in Omni-Modal Large Language Models}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.22135v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22135v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-08-24; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{ha2026empathy,
  author = {JuHeon Ha and Byounghan Lee and Yunseo Choi and Kyung-Ah Sohn},
  title = {{Empathy Is Steerable but Multi-Axial: Mechanism Geometry and Persona Effects in LLMs}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.15654v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15654v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-09-14; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{cui2025pas,
  author = {Sasha Cui and Zhongren Chen},
  title = {{Painless Activation Steering: An Automated, Lightweight Approach for Post-Training Large Language Models}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.22739v3},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22739v3},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-05-15; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{ferrando2025dsas,
  author = {Alex Ferrando and Xavier Suau and Jordi Gonzàlez and Pau Rodriguez},
  title = {{Dynamically Scaled Activation Steering}},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2512.03661v2},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.03661v2},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-07-30; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}

@misc{yang2026steerscope,
  author = {Haotian Yang and Huikang Jiang and Yucheng Wu and Wen-Jie Jiang and Chenpeng Wang and Yibin Lou and Liangming Pan},
  title = {{Does Steering Break Your Model? A Multi-Dimensional Evaluation Suite for LLM Steering Methods}},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2610.07722v1},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07722v1},
  note = {Cited version dated 2026-10-06; metadata checked 2026-11-13}
}