FUNCTION: Acts in the assembly and extrusion of the bacteriophage by forming a channel across the host outer membrane. This channel is just large enough to allow a newly synthesized phage particle to pass through. Extrusion is a process of concomitant assembly and secretion and takes place at specific assembly sites where host inner and outer membranes are in close contacts (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inovirus G4P protein family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Schlafen family. Subgroup poxviridae B3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of mevalonate (MVA) to yield mevalonate-3-phosphate. Functions in an alternative mevalonate pathway, only present in extreme acidophiles of the Thermoplasmatales order, which passes through mevalonate 3-phosphate rather than mevalonate 5- phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GHMP kinase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0294 family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0294 family.


FUNCTION: Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase (By similarity). Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis and TP53/p53 regulation through its interaction with NPM1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus Note=Colocalized with NPM1 in the nucleoli. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX31/DBP7 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Gp-Ib, a surface membrane protein of platelets, participates in the formation of platelet plugs by binding to von Willebrand factor, which is already bound to the subendothelium. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Might have a role in the suppression of host immune response. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthopoxvirus OPG047 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in the progression of mitosis in an environment of high osmotic stress.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) to form flavin mononucleotide (FMN) coenzyme. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavokinase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the formation of keratin intermediate filaments in the basal epidermis and maintenance of the skin barrier in response to mechanical stress (PubMed:11408584). Regulates the recruitment of Langerhans cells to the epidermis, potentially by modulation of the abundance of macrophage chemotactic cytokines, macrophage inflammatory cytokines and CTNND1 localization in keratinocytes (PubMed:19267394). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.


FUNCTION: May be implicated in the regulation of the transcription as a repressor of the transcriptional activity of E4TF1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Primarily found in the nucleus.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible formation of fructose 6-phosphate from dihydroxyacetone and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via an aldolization reaction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transaldolase family. Type 3A subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of mitochondrial genome-encoded proteins, including at least some of the essential transmembrane subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The mitoribosomes are attached to the mitochondrial inner membrane and translation products are cotranslationally integrated into the membrane (PubMed:25609543, PubMed:24675956). mL67/MHR1 also has extraribosomal functions, being involved in regulation of mitochondrial DNA recombination, maintenance and repair, and generation of homoplasmic cells (PubMed:11121487, PubMed:12198175, PubMed:14565971, PubMed:16337661, PubMed:7664749, PubMed:9736700). mL67/MHR1 also acts as transcription factor involved in regulation of RNA polymerase II- dependent transcription (PubMed:12034822). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Mitochondrion Note=Mitoribosomes are tethered to the mitochondrial inner membrane and spatially aligned with the membrane insertion machinery through two distinct membrane contact sites, formed by the 21S rRNA expansion segment 96-ES1 and the inner membrane protein MBA1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL67 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: To cation A.eutrophus efflux system protein CzcD.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol- cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIIa family.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme; part of the car gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of neurosporaxanthin, a carboxylic apocarotenoid acting as an essential protective pigments and leading to orange pigmentation (PubMed:12172798). CarAR catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting geranylgeranyl diphosphate to phytoene, as well as the later cyclization step that transforms the carB product lycopene into gamma-carotene (PubMed:12172798). CarAR also converts part of gamma-carotene into beta-carotene (PubMed:12172798). Neurosporaxanthin is synthesized from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) through several enzymatic activities. Phytoene synthase activity performed by the bifunctional enzyme carAR first produces phytoene from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP). The phytoene dehydrogenase carB then introduces 4 desaturations to lead to lycopene which is substrate of the carotene cyclase activity of carAR that leads to the production of gamma-carotene. CarB then performs a 5th desaturation reaction to yield torulene. Torulene is the substrate of the dioxidase carT that breaks the molecule, removing five carbon atoms to yield beta-apo-4'- carotenal, whereas the aldehyde dehydrogenase carD mediates the last step by converting beta-apo-4'-carotenal into neurosporaxanthin (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the lycopene beta- cyclase family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Essential for the replication of viral ssDNA. The closed circular ssDNA genome is first converted to a superhelical dsDNA. Rep binds a specific region at the genome origin of replication. It introduces an endonucleolytic nick within the conserved sequence 5'- TAATATTAC-3' in the intergenic region of the genome present in all geminiviruses, thereby initiating the rolling circle replication (RCR). Following cleavage, binds covalently to the 5'-phosphate of DNA as a tyrosyl ester. The cleavage gives rise to a free 3'-OH that serves as a primer for the cellular DNA polymerase. The polymerase synthesizes the (+) strand DNA by rolling circle mechanism. After one round of replication, a Rep-catalyzed nucleotidyl transfer reaction releases a circular single-stranded virus genome, thereby terminating the replication. Displays origin-specific DNA cleavage, nucleotidyl transferase, ATPase and helicase activities (By similarity). Acts a an inhibitor of C-sense gene transcription. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the geminiviridae Rep protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the citrate synthase family.


FUNCTION: This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex YfiYZ/YfhA/YusV involved in import of the iron-hydroxamate siderophores schizokinen, arthrobactin and corprogen. Binds the siderophores and delivers them to the surface of YfiZ/YfhA (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Cytoplasm. Membrane raft; Lipid-anchor. Note=Present in detergent- resistant membrane (DRM) fractions that may be equivalent to eukaryotic membrane rafts; these rafts include proteins involved in signaling, molecule trafficking and protein secretion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 8 family.


FUNCTION: Part of a bi-component leucotoxin that acts by forming pores in the membrane of the target cells. LukE-LukD is as effective as the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) for inducing dermonecrosis when injected in the rabbit skin, but not hemolytic and poorly leucotoxic on human blood cells compared to other leucotoxins expressed by S.aureus. HlgA-LukD is a Ca(2+) channel inducer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aerolysin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the FAD-dependent oxidative deamination of various amines and D-amino acids to yield the corresponding alpha-keto acids, ammonia/amine, and hydrogen peroxide. Oxidizes glycine, sarcosine (N- methylglycine), N-ethylglycine, D-proline, D-alanine, glycine-ethyl ester, and some other D-amino acids. Does not act on L-proline (PubMed:17894345). Is essential for thiamine biosynthesis since the oxidation of glycine catalyzed by ThiO generates the glycine imine intermediate (dehydroglycine) required for the biosynthesis of the thiazole ring of thiamine pyrophosphate (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DAO family. ThiO subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in development of cell polarity during the cell division cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a N-acetyl-glucosamine moiety to 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate to produce 1D-myo-inositol 2-acetamido-2- deoxy-glucopyranoside 3-phosphate in the mycothiol biosynthesis pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. MshA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at tRNA wobble positions. Accepts sulfur from TusA and transfers it in turn to TusE. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DsrE/TusD family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1)-dependent transport between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. Regulates the membrane association of AP1G1/gamma1-adaptin, one of the subunits of the AP-1 adaptor complex. The direct interaction with AP1G1/gamma1- adaptin attenuates the release of the AP-1 complex from membranes. Regulates endosomal membrane traffic via association with AP-1 and KIF5B thus linking kinesin-based plus-end-directed microtubular transport to AP-1-dependent membrane traffic. May act as effector of AP-1 in calcium-induced endo-lysosome secretion. Inhibits Arp2/3 complex function; negatively regulates cell spreading, size and motility via intracellular sequestration of the Arp2/3 complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network. Late endosome. Early endosome. Note=Localizes to the juxta-nuclear Golgi region and to tubular structures throughout the cytoplasm, which are highly mobile and cycle between the juxta-nuclear area and the cell periphery.


FUNCTION: Sesquiterpene cyclase catalyzing the production of beta- farnesene and alpha-bergamotene in equal amounts from farnesyl diphosphate. Involved in indirect defense by producing volatile signals attracting natural enemies of herbivores. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter. Mediates the secretion of cationic compounds including drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites. Plays a role physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Localizes to the plasma membrane; at the brush border membranes of the proximal tubules (kidney) and at the bile caniculi (liver). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.


FUNCTION: Cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins and other microbial cell wall components. Cooperates with TLR1 or TLR6 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipoproteins or lipopeptides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (By similarity) (PubMed:15690042). May also promote apoptosis in response to lipoproteins (By similarity). Forms activation clusters composed of several receptors depending on the ligand, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway. Forms the cluster TLR2:TLR6:CD14:CD36 in response to diacylated lipopeptides and TLR2:TLR1:CD14 in response to triacylated lipopeptides (By similarity). Recognizes M.tuberculosis major T-antigen EsxA (ESAT-6) which inhibits downstream MYD88-dependent signaling (PubMed:17486091). Acts as the major receptor for M.tuberculosis lipoproteins LprA, LprG, LpqH and PhoS1 (pstS1), in conjunction with TLR1 and for some but not all lipoproteins CD14 and/or CD36. The lipoproteins act as agonists to modulate antigen presenting cell functions in response to the pathogen (PubMed:19362712). Recombinant MPT83 from M.tuberculosis stimulates secretion of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-12p40) by mouse macrophage cell lines in a TLR2-dependent fashion, which leads to increased host innate immunity responses against the bacterium (PubMed:22174456). Lung macrophages which express low levels of TLR2 respond poorly to stimulation by M.tuberculosis LpqH (PubMed:19362712). Required for normal uptake of M.tuberculosis, a process that is inhibited by M.tuberculosis LppM (PubMed:27220037). Interacts with TICAM2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Membrane raft Note=Does not reside in lipid rafts before stimulation but accumulates increasingly in the raft upon the presence of the microbial ligand. In response to diacylated lipoproteins, TLR2:TLR6 heterodimers are recruited in lipid rafts, this recruitment determine the intracellular targeting to the Golgi apparatus. Triacylated lipoproteins induce the same mechanism for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimers. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CPA3 antiporters (TC 2.A.63) subunit B family.


FUNCTION: EF-1-beta and EF-1-delta stimulate the exchange of GDP bound to EF-1-alpha to GTP. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.


FUNCTION: Component of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration. The AP-1 complex interacts directly with clathrin. AP57 is probably a subunit of the Golgi membrane adaptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle. Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Membrane, clathrin-coated pit; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus. GreA releases sequences of 2 to 3 nucleotides (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GreA/GreB family.


FUNCTION: Monoterpene synthase catalyzing the production of beta- phellandrene from neryl diphosphate. Produces also lower amounts of delta-2-carene, alpha-phellandrene and limonene. When incubated in vitro with geranyl diphosphate, catalyzes the formation of acyclic myrcene and ocimene as major products in addition to beta-phellandrene. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family. Tpse subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in concentration and sorting of cargo proteins of the multivesicular body (MVB) for incorporation into intralumenal vesicles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Endosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BRO1 family.


FUNCTION: Beta-type chain found in early embryos. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the globin family.


FUNCTION: Functions as downstream effector of Rho-related GTP binding proteins of the 'Rho of Plants' (ROPs) family. Participates in the propagation of ROP GTPase signals in specific cellular responses. Is involved in pollen tube growth regulation through its interaction with ARAC11/ROP1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Photosensitive kinase and response regulator that is involved in increased bacterial virulence upon exposure to light.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.


FUNCTION: Plasmin-like serine protease. Has fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic but not plasminogenolytic activity. Cleaves after Arg and Lys residues.


FUNCTION: The RIC1-RGP1 complex acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates RAB6A by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP and may thereby required for efficient fusion of endosome-derived vesicles with the Golgi compartment. The RIC1-RGP1 complex participates in the recycling of mannose-6-phosphate receptors. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RGP1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UQCRB/QCR7 family.


SIMILARITY: To H.influenzae HI_0845.


FUNCTION: Involved in the resistance to unfolded protein response (UPR)-inducing agents. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FYV8 family.


FUNCTION: MFS-type transporter; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of echinulin family alkaloid. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.


FUNCTION: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that belongs to a proposed calcium-triggered signaling cascade involved in a number of cellular processes. Phosphorylates CAMK1, CAMK1D, CAMK1G and CAMK4. Involved in regulating cell apoptosis. Promotes cell survival by phosphorylating AKT1/PKB that inhibits pro-apoptotic BAD/Bcl2- antagonist of cell death. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Immunoglobulin-like cell surface receptor for CD47 (PubMed:18045614). Acts as docking protein and induces translocation of PTPN6, PTPN11 and other binding partners from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Supports adhesion of cerebellar neurons, neurite outgrowth and glial cell attachment. May play a key role in intracellular signaling during synaptogenesis and in synaptic function. Involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled cellular responses induced by cell adhesion, growth factors or insulin. Mediates negative regulation of phagocytosis, mast cell activation and dendritic cell activation. CD47 binding prevents maturation of immature dendritic cells and inhibits cytokine production by mature dendritic cells (By similarity). Plays a role in antiviral immunity and limits new world arenavirus infection by decreasing virus internalization (PubMed:30726215). Receptor for THBS1 (By similarity). Interaction with THBS1 stimulates phosphorylation of SIRPA (By similarity). In response to THBS1, involved in ROS signaling in non-phagocytic cells, stimulating NADPH oxidase-derived ROS production (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Elastase inhibitor. Inhibitor of A.flavus elastase with a Ki of 40 nM. Inhibitor of A.fumigatus elastase and human leukocyte elastase. Inhibits the fibrinogenase and collagenase activities of A.flavus elastase. Does not inhibit porcine pancreatic elastase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, thrombin or A.acutus AC1-proteinase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Serum endocuclease secreted into body fluids by a wide variety of exocrine and endocrine organs (PubMed:14688237). Expressed by non-hematopoietic tissues and preferentially cleaves protein-free DNA (By similarity). Among other functions, seems to be involved in cell death by apoptosis (PubMed:14688237). Binds specifically to G- actin and blocks actin polymerization (PubMed:14688237). Together with DNASE1L3, plays a key role in degrading neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) (By similarity). NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation (By similarity). Degradation of intravascular NETs by DNASE1 and DNASE1L3 is required to prevent formation of clots that obstruct blood vessels and cause organ damage following inflammation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Zymogen granule Nucleus envelope Note=Secretory protein, stored in zymogen granules and found in the nuclear envelope. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNase I family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus DP238L family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for multiple vacuole delivery pathways including the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, pexophagy and endocytosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome, multivesicular body membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Prevacuolar compartment membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Vacuole membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MON1/SAND family.


FUNCTION: The PAF1 complex is a multifunctional complex. Involved in transcription initiation via genetic interactions with TATA-binding proteins. Involved in elongation. It regulates 3'-end formation of snR47 by modulating the recruitment or stable association of NRD1 and NAB3 with RNA polymerase II. Also has a role in transcription-coupled histone modification. Required for activation of RAD6 ubiquitin conjugate and the BRE1 ubiquitin ligase which ubiquitinate 'Lys-126' histone H2B. Activates the SET1 histone methyltransferase complex for methylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3 and for methylation of 'Lys-73' of histone H3 by DOT1 and 'Lys-36' of histone H3 by SET2. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDC73 family.


FUNCTION: Transport of potassium into the cell. Likely operates as a K(+):H(+) symporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAK/KUP transporter (TC 2.A.72) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GPAT/DAPAT family.


FUNCTION: May function as a calcium-binding protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Endoplasmic reticulum.


FUNCTION: Small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins playing a key role in the regulation of endo- lysosomal trafficking. Governs early-to-late endosomal maturation, microtubule minus-end as well as plus-end directed endosomal migration and positioning, and endosome-lysosome transport through different protein-protein interaction cascades (By similarity). Plays a central role, not only in endosomal traffic, but also in many other cellular and physiological events, such as growth-factor-mediated cell signaling, nutrient-transporter-mediated nutrient uptake, neurotrophin transport in the axons of neurons and lipid metabolism (By similarity). Also involved in regulation of some specialized endosomal membrane trafficking, such as maturation of melanosomes, pathogen-induced phagosomes (or vacuoles) and autophagosomes (By similarity). Plays a role in the maturation and acidification of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and Mycobacteria (By similarity). Plays a role in the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes (By similarity). Plays important roles in microbial pathogen infection and survival, as well as in participating in the life cycle of viruses (By similarity). Microbial pathogens possess survival strategies governed by RAB7A, sometimes by employing RAB7A function (e.g. Salmonella) and sometimes by excluding RAB7A function (e.g. Mycobacterium) (By similarity). In concert with RAC1, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts (PubMed:16040606). Controls the endosomal trafficking and neurite outgrowth signaling of NTRK1/TRKA (PubMed:16306406). Regulates the endocytic trafficking of the EGF-EGFR complex by regulating its lysosomal degradation (By similarity). Involved in the ADRB2-stimulated lipolysis through lipophagy, a cytosolic lipase-independent autophagic pathway. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity). Required for vesicular trafficking and cell surface expression of ACE2 (By similarity). May play a role in PRPH neuronal intermediate filament assembly (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Late endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Melanosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Lipid droplet Endosome membrane Cytoplasmic vesicle Mitochondrion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Colocalizes with OSBPL1A at the late endosome. Found in the ruffled border (a late endosomal-like compartment in the plasma membrane) of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Recruited to phagosomes containing S.aureus or Mycobacterium. Lipid droplet localization is increased upon ADRB2 stimulation. Recruited to damaged mitochondria during mitophagy in a RIMOC1-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the regulation of Wnt signaling pathway during early development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus envelope. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CUSTOS family.


FUNCTION: Controls the night/day rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland. Catalyzes the N-acetylation of serotonin into N- acetylserotonin, the penultimate step in the synthesis of melatonin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. AANAT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in regulation of TNF-alpha induced NF-kappa-B activation and apoptosis. Involved in modulation of 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination status of TRAF2 and decreases association of TRAF2 with RIPK1. Required for PTS1 target sequence-dependent protein import into peroxisomes and PEX5 stability; may cooperate with PEX6. In vitro involved in PEX5 export from the cytosol to peroxisomes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.


FUNCTION: In tachyzoites, plays an essential role in the export of several dense granule proteins into the host cell by cleaving the localization motif RRLxx (termed Toxoplasma export element (TEXEL)) located downstream of the N-terminal secretory signal sequence (PubMed:26576949, PubMed:26473595, PubMed:26270241, PubMed:30377279). However, can also regulate the export of proteins that lack the TEXEL motif, such as GRA24 (PubMed:26576949, PubMed:26473595, PubMed:26270241). Requires Arg at P3 and P2, and Leu at P1 in the substrate TEXEL motif and, specifically, cleaves after Leu (PubMed:26576949). Cleaves GRA16; proteolytic cleavage is essential for the correct trafficking of GRA16 from the parasite into the infected host nucleus (PubMed:26576949, PubMed:26473595, PubMed:26270241). Cleaves GRA19 and GRA20 (PubMed:26473595). Cleaves MYR1 (PubMed:26576949). Cleaves LCAT, GRA44, GRA46, GRA46, ROP35/WNG1 and ROP34/WNG2 (PubMed:30377279). By regulating the export of dense granule proteins into the host cell, regulates multiple processes during tachyzoite infection of host cells, including recruitment of host mitochondria to the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), formation of the nanotubular network (NTN) or intravacuolar network (IVN) which are membranous tubules that bud from the PV membrane into the vacuolar lumen and, up-regulation of host cell genes to facilitate the parasite infection and modulate the host innate immune response (PubMed:26576949, PubMed:26473595). At the bradyzoite stage, also involved in the formation of the cyst wall (PubMed:26473595). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the quantitative accumulation of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Nucleus, nucleoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHQ1 family.


FUNCTION: APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apolipoproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles. Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE- containing lipoproteins by cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Secreted, extracellular space Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Extracellular vesicle Endosome, multivesicular body Note=In the plasma, APOE is associated with chylomicrons, chylomicrons remnants, VLDL, LDL and HDL lipoproteins. Lipid poor oligomeric APOE is associated with the extracellular matrix in a calcium- and heparan-sulfate proteoglycans- dependent manner. Lipidation induces the release from the extracellular matrix. Colocalizes with CD63 and PMEL at exosomes and in intraluminal vesicles within multivesicular endosomes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.


FUNCTION: Candidate for the putative colorectal tumor suppressor gene located at 5q21. Suppresses cell proliferation and the Wnt/b-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells. Inhibits DNA binding of b- catenin/TCF/LEF transcription factors. Involved in cell migration independently of RAC1, CDC42 and p21-activated kinase (PAK) activation (PubMed:18591935, PubMed:19555689, PubMed:22480440). Represses the beta-catenin pathway (canonical Wnt signaling pathway) in a CCAR2- dependent manner by sequestering CCAR2 to the cytoplasm, thereby impairing its ability to inhibit SIRT1 which is involved in the deacetylation and negative regulation of beta-catenin (CTNB1) transcriptional activity (PubMed:24824780). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Colocalizes with actin at the leading edge of polarized cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MCC family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX55/SPB4 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Binds as a ligand to a family of frizzled seven-transmembrane receptors and acts through a cascade of genes on the nucleus. Segment polarity protein. May function in gonadogenesis and limb development. Wg and Wnt2 have a role in the developing trachea and together are responsible for all dorsal trunk formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Wnt family.


FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase which mediates both meiotic and mitotic chromosome segregation. Required for histone H3 'Ser-10' phosphorylation. Phosphorylates mei-S332 within residues 124-126 and stabilizes its association with centromeres during meiosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Chromosome. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Midbody. Note=Meiotic and mitotic chromosomes. During each division, relocates to the midbody microtubules. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in transcription-coupled repair (TCR). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator of the dopamine transporter (DAT), binding it's promoter at the consensus sequence 5'-CCTGCACAGTTCACGGA- 3'. Binds to 5'-d(GCC)(n)-3' trinucleotide repeats in promoter regions and acts as a repressor of the FMR1 gene. Transcriptional repressor of MYC and thymidine kinase promoters (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily. Plant drug/metabolite exporter (P-DME) (TC 2.A.7.4) family.


FUNCTION: Precursor of the histocomplatibility antigen HB-1. More generally, minor histocomplatibility antigens (mHags) refer to immunogenic peptide which, when complexed with MHC, can generate an immune response after recognition by specific T-cells. The peptides are derived from polymorphic intracellular proteins, which are cleaved by normal pathways of antigen processing. The binding of these peptides to MHC class I or class II molecules and its expression on the cell surface can stimulate T-cell responses and thereby trigger graft rejection or graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from HLA-identical sibling donor. GVHD is a frequent complication after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), due to mismatch of minor histocomplatibility antigen in HLA-matched sibling marrow transplants. HB-1 is presented on the cell surface by MHC class I HLA-B44. This complex specifically elicits donor-cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reactivity in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B- ALL) after treatment by HLA-identical allogenic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). It induces cell recognition and lysis by CTL. However, HB-1 restricted expression in B-ALL cells and not in normal tissues may allow a specific CTL reactivity against B-ALL without the risk of evoking graft-versus-host disease.


FUNCTION: May subsume the role of germin at the low water potentials during embryogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, apoplast. Secreted, cell wall. Note=Component of the walls of the mature, ungerminated embryos. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the germin family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase. It polymerizes uridine 5'-diphosphate glucose to cellulose, which is produced as an extracellular component for mechanical and chemical protection at the onset of the stationary phase, when the cells exhibit multicellular behavior (rdar morphotype). Coexpression of cellulose and thin aggregative fimbriae leads to a hydrophobic network with tightly packed cells embedded in a highly inert matrix (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.


FUNCTION: May negatively regulate the SNF1 kinase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SIP5 family.


FUNCTION: Protease. Hydrolyzes gelatin and succinyl casein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.


FUNCTION: Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:2361015, PubMed:15618540). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, and possibly other family members as well; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (PubMed:15618540). Channel properties are modulated by cytoplasmic beta subunits that regulate the subcellular location of the alpha subunits and promote rapid inactivation (PubMed:15618540). Homotetrameric channels display rapid activation and slow inactivation. May play a role in regulating the secretion of insulin in normal pancreatic islets (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.5/KCNA5 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in transcriptional regulation. Transcriptional activity differed among the various isoforms. All isoforms except isoform 3 seem to suppresses the transcriptional activities of AP-1 and p53/TP53. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Isoforms 1, isoform 2, isoform 4 and isoform 5 showed both nuclear and cytoplasm localization. Isoform 3 localized only to nucleus.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the poxviridae K5 protein family.


FUNCTION: Glucosyltransferase that glucosylates kaempferol. Can glucosylate the phytotoxic xenobiotic compound 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (TCP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in multidrug export. Transmembrane domains (TMD) form a pore in the cell membrane and the ATP-binding domain (NBD) is responsible for energy generation. FUNCTION: May be involved in multidrug export. Transmembrane domains (TMD) form a pore in the cell membrane and the ATP-binding domain (NBD) is responsible for energy generation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SOWAH family.


FUNCTION: Staphylococcal enterotoxin that activates the host immune system by binding as unprocessed molecules to major histocompatibility (MHC) complex class II and T-cell receptor (TCR) molecules. In turn, this ternary complex activates a large number of T-lymphocytes initiating a systemic release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:2303780, PubMed:25015819). Causes also the intoxication staphylococcal food poisoning syndrome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the staphylococcal/streptococcal toxin family.


FUNCTION: Metalloprotease which has proteolytic activity against the proteoglycan VCAN, cleaving it at the 'Glu-1428-|-1429-Ala' site. Cleaves VCAN in the pericellular matrix surrounding myoblasts, facilitating myoblast contact and fusion which is required for skeletal muscle development and regeneration. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Cell surface.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of L-lactate to pyruvate. Is coupled to the respiratory chain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (Probable). The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules (Probable). The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain (Probable). The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the dynactin complex that activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules. In the dynactin soulder domain, binds the ACTR1A filament and acts as a molecular ruler to determine the length (PubMed:25814576, PubMed:33734450, PubMed:36071160, PubMed:29420470). Modulates cytoplasmic dynein binding to an organelle, and plays a role in prometaphase chromosome alignment and spindle organization during mitosis. Involved in anchoring microtubules to centrosomes. May play a role in synapse formation during brain development (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dynactin subunit 2 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily.


FUNCTION: Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate with NAD(+) as electron acceptor. Cannot use fumarate as an electron acceptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reduction of the macrocycle of precorrin-6X into precorrin-6Y. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the precorrin-6x reductase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL32 family.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells. Type II regulatory chains mediate membrane association by binding to anchoring proteins, including the MAP2 kinase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane Note=Colocalizes with PJA2 in the cytoplasm and at the cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cAMP-dependent kinase regulatory chain family.


FUNCTION: Apparent regulatory gene involved in peroxide resistance in stationary phase. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LysR transcriptional regulatory family.


FUNCTION: Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the aminoacylation of histidyl-tRNA in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondrion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.


FUNCTION: Highly selective inward-rectifying potassium channel that mediates potassium uptake by plant roots. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the potassium channel family. Plant (TC 1.A.1.4) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. In the complex, it is required to stimulate activity of mtHSP70 (SSC1) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TIM14 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a key role in chromosome recombination during meiosis. Required for the initiation of meiotic recombination and the recruitment of PAIR2 onto meiotic chromosomes. Essential for meiotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=Appears as punctuate foci on chromosomes at leptotene. Colocalizes with ZEP1 to the central region of the synaptonemal complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. PCH2 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the malic enzymes family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of glucosylglycerate. Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of glucosyl-3-phosphoglycerate (GPG) and mannosyl-3-phosphoglycerate (MPG) to glucosylglycerate (GG) and mannosylglycerate (MG), respectively. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. MPGP family.


FUNCTION: NADP-dependent oxidoreductase involved in steroid metabolism. May act on various hydroxysteroids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in mitochondrial tRNA methylation (By similarity). Specifically methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 in various tRNAs. Methylation is not dependent on the nature of the nucleoside 5' of the target nucleoside. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base adjacent to the anticodon of tRNAs and required for accurate decoding. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Predominantly in the mitochondria and in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.


FUNCTION: Toxic component of a type I toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Overexpression causes cessation of growth and rapid membrane depolarization. Overexpression induces stress-response, the psp phage shock and a number of membrane protein genes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Ibs toxic protein family.


FUNCTION: Antibacterial activity against M.luteus and E.coli bacteria. Antifungal activity against N.crassa and F.oxysporum. Presents chitin- binding activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic granule Note=Cytoplasmic granules of hemocytes and to a lesser extent in small granules of hemocytes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the penaeidin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SMAP family.


FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) transport, yielding cytoplasmic MurNAc-6-P. Is also able to take up anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid (anhMurNAc), but cannot phosphorylate the carbon 6, probably because of the 1,6-anhydro ring. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0449 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the dammarane-type triterpene saponins (e.g. PPT-type ginsenosides or panaxosides) biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:27746309, PubMed:29378087). Catalyzes the formation of protopanaxatriol from protopanaxadiol during ginsenoside biosynthesis, a class of tetracyclic triterpenoid saponins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. TyrS type 3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes phosphorolysis of the pyrimidine nucleosides uridine, thymidine and 2'-deoxyuridine with the formation of the corresponding pyrimidine base and ribose-1-phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thymidine/pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase family.


FUNCTION: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin- associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KRTAP type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Regulator for autophaosome formation and/or maturation (PubMed:24249832, Ref.9). Binds phosphatidylinositol-phosphate; highest affinity for vesicles containing PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3), followed by those containing PtdIns(4,5)P(2) and PtdIns(3,4)P(2), with minimal binding to phosphatidylinositol monophosphates, including PtdIns(3)P (PubMed:24249832, PubMed:28584166). Together with DRP1A, converts the fused vesicles to tubular structures at the cell plate during cytokinesis (PubMed:28584166). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle Cell membrane Late endosome Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Transolcate from the cytosol to the phagophore assembly site/preautophagosome structure upon autophagy induction (PubMed:24249832). Localized at the leading edge of the cell plate in dividing cells, especially in constricted or curved regions (PubMed:28584166). Observed at the plasma membrane and in endosomal compartments in non-dividing cells (PubMed:28584166).


FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H3 family.


FUNCTION: Component of chylomicrons, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism as an activator of lipoprotein lipase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C2 family.


FUNCTION: Lanthionine-containing peptide (lantipeptide) with unknown function (Probable). Does not show antibiotic activity against Lactococcus lactis 117 and Bacillus subtilis 6633 bacteria (By similarity). Organisms that produce this peptide live in oligotrophic environments at very dilute concentrations, suggesting this peptide is not secreted to influence other bacteria (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Note=Secreted via the ESX-3 / type VII secretion system (T7SS). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WXG100 family. ESAT-6 subfamily.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H, via FMN and iron- sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 4 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the gamma-elimination of phosphate from L- phosphohomoserine and the beta-addition of water to produce L- threonine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the threonine synthase family.


FUNCTION: Atypical kinase involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q, also named ubiquinone, an essential lipid-soluble electron transporter for aerobic cellular respiration (PubMed:27499294). Its substrate specificity is unclear: does not show any protein kinase activity (PubMed:27499294). Probably acts as a small molecule kinase, possibly a lipid kinase that phosphorylates a prenyl lipid in the ubiquinone biosynthesis pathway, as suggested by its ability to bind coenzyme Q lipid intermediates (By similarity). Shows an unusual selectivity for binding ADP over ATP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. SOCS2 appears to be a negative regulator in the growth hormone/IGF1 signaling pathway (By similarity). Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity).


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial and mast cell degranulating peptide which probably acts by forming pores in membranes (By similarity). Active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains as well as against yeasts (By similarity). Has little hemolytic activity (By similarity). In the context of inflammation and cancer tests, is weakly cytotoxic to normal cells, induces calcium signaling but does not impact cAMP production (PubMed:36548715). In addition, prevents LPS- induced nitric oxid (NO) synthesis but does not affect the IP3 signaling and pro-inflammatory activation of endothelial cells (PubMed:36548715). Does not show significant antiproliferative activity on the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (PubMed:36548715). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane Note=Assumes an amphipathic alpha-helical conformation in a lipid environment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the xylopin-like family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of L-threonine to 2- amino-3-ketobutyrate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Lipid-anchor.


FUNCTION: Essential for the proper localization of brevican (BCAN), mainly as a perineuronal nets (PNNs)-type deposition in the brainstem and cerebellum thereby playing a key role in the formation and structural organization of PNNs (By similarity). Contributes to the formation and transmission of inhibitory GABAergic synapses between Purkinje cells and deep cerebellar nuclei neurons (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAPLN family.


FUNCTION: Molecular chaperone required for SopB/SigD stabilization and secretion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IpgE/SigE chaperone family.


FUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK13 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. MAPK13 is one of the less studied p38 MAPK isoforms. Some of the targets are downstream kinases such as MAPKAPK2, which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. Plays a role in the regulation of protein translation by phosphorylating and inactivating EEF2K. Involved in cytoskeletal remodeling through phosphorylation of MAPT and STMN1. Mediates UV irradiation induced up- regulation of the gene expression of CXCL14. Plays an important role in the regulation of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation, apoptosis and skin tumor development. Phosphorylates the transcriptional activator MYB in response to stress which leads to rapid MYB degradation via a proteasome-dependent pathway. MAPK13 also phosphorylates and down- regulates PRKD1 during regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in some transport function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MotB family.


FUNCTION: Acts in different tissues through interaction to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) (PubMed:10402197). The proposed role as modulator of nAChR activity seems to be dependent on the nAChR subtype and stoichiometry, and to involve an effect on nAChR trafficking and its cell surface expression, and on single channel properties of the nAChR inserted in the plasma membrane.Modulates functional properties of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) to prevent excessive excitation, and hence neurodegeneration. Enhances desensitization by increasing both the rate and extent of desensitization of alpha-4:beta-2-containing nAChRs and slowing recovery from desensitization. Promotes large amplitude ACh-evoked currents through alpha-4:beta-2 nAChRs (PubMed:10402197, PubMed:11906696). Is involved in regulation of the nAChR pentameric assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum. Shifts stoichiometry from high sensitivity alpha-4(2):beta-2(3) to low sensitivity alpha-4(3):beta- 2(2) nAChR (PubMed:25193667). In vitro modulates alpha-3:beta-4- containing nAChRs. Reduces cell surface expression of (alpha-3:beta- 4)(2):beta-4 and (alpha-3:beta-4)(2):alpha-5 nAChRs suggesting an interaction with nAChR alpha-3(-):(+)beta-4 subunit interfaces and an allosteric mode. Corresponding single channel effects characterized by decreased unitary conductance, altered burst proportions and enhanced desensitization/inactivation seem to depend on nAChR alpha:alpha subunit interfaces and are greater in (alpha-3:beta-2)(2):alpha-3 when compared to (alpha-3:beta-2)(2):alpha-5 nAChRs (By similarity). Prevents plasticity in the primary visual cortex late in life (PubMed:21071629). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI- anchor Cell projection, dendrite Endoplasmic reticulum Note=Detected in Purkinje cells soma and proximal dendrites.


FUNCTION: Verruculogen synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fumitremorgins, indole alkaloids that carry not only intriguing chemical structures, but also interesting biological and pharmacological activities (PubMed:19763315, PubMed:23649274). The biosynthesis of fumitremorgin-type alkaloids begins by condensation of the two amino acids L-tryptophan and L-proline to brevianamide F, catalyzed by the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase ftmA (PubMed:16755625). Brevianamide F is then prenylated by the prenyltransferase ftmPT1/ftmB in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate, resulting in the formation of tryprostatin B (PubMed:16000710, PubMed:21105662, PubMed:23090579). The three cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, ftmP450-1/ftmC, ftmP450-2/ftmE and ftmP450-3/FtmG, are responsible for the conversion of tryprostatin B to 6-hydroxytryprostatin B, tryprostatin A to fumitremorgin C and fumitremorgin C to 12,13-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C, respectively (PubMed:19226505). The putative methyltransferase ftmMT/ftmD is expected for the conversion of 6-hydroxytryprostatin B to tryprostatin A (Probable). FtmPT2/FtmH catalyzes the prenylation of 12,13- dihydroxyfumitre-morgin C in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate, resulting in the formation of fumitremorgin B (PubMed:18683158). Fumitremorgin B is further converted to verruculogen by ftmOx1/ftmF via the insertion of an endoperoxide bond between the two prenyl moieties (PubMed:19763315). In some fungal species, verruculogen is further converted to fumitremorgin A, but the enzymes involved in this step have not been identified yet (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PhyH family.


FUNCTION: Lectin that recognizes O-linked galactose-beta-1,3-N- acetylgalactosamine, a disaccharide (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen or T- disaccharide), present on cell surface glycoproteins. Can also bind chitin, N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N- acetylglucosamine. Inhibits proliferation of colon, breast and liver cancer cell lines (in vitro). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fungal fruit body lectin family.


FUNCTION: Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. The alpha chain contains the catalytic site. The tetrameric holoenzyme CK2 is composed of two alpha and two beta subunits (By similarity). Acts as circadian clock component that maintains the correct period length through phosphorylation of CCA1 (PubMed:21900482). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, nucleolus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CK2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acts coordinately with atgl-1 within the lipolytic cascade to distribute stored energy to tissues during nutritional deprivation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lipid droplet Note=Forms ring-like structures on the surface of lipid droplets. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S33 family. ABHD4/ABHD5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of the Sec protein translocase complex. Interacts with the SecYEG preprotein conducting channel. SecDF uses the proton motive force (PMF) to complete protein translocation after the ATP-dependent function of SecA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecD/SecF family. SecF subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of cell differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3- phosphoglycerate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase family.


FUNCTION: Constitutively active, ligand-independent G protein-coupled receptor that has immunoevasive and oncogenic activities (PubMed:34216564, PubMed:15596846, PubMed:15596837, PubMed:30647152). Couples with the host inhibitory G protein (Gi) in order to disrupt the host chemokine signaling (PubMed:34216564). As a consequence of its constitutive activity, mediates host CXCR4 inhibition (PubMed:20622011). Enhances degradation of host major histocompatibility complex class I antigens via lysosomes, thereby modulating the antigen presentation to cytotoxic T cells (PubMed:19119421, PubMed:21123379, PubMed:23315076). Targets selectively HLA-A, HLA-Band HLA-E molecules (PubMed:23315076). Targets also newly synthesized MHC-I/peptide complexes en route to the host cell surface (PubMed:21123379). Inhibits the host EIF2AK2/PKR phosphorylation (PubMed:15596837). Displays tranforming activity (PubMed:20543866). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Epstein-Barr virus BILF1 protein family.


FUNCTION: Functions as an U snRNP-specific nuclear import adapter. Involved in the trimethylguanosine (m3G)-cap-dependent nuclear import of U snRNPs. Binds specifically to the terminal m3G-cap U snRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Nucleoplasmic shuttling protein. Its nuclear import involves the nucleocytoplasmic transport receptor importin beta (PubMed:10209022, PubMed:12095920). It is re-exported to the cytoplasm by the XPO1- dependent nuclear export receptor pathway (PubMed:10209022). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snurportin family.


FUNCTION: Could be involved in tyrosine phosphatase signalling pathways, having MAP-kinases as substrates. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class dual specificity subfamily.


FUNCTION: Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in quinolone resistance. May constitute a membrane- associated active efflux pump of hydrophilic quinolones (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. TCR/Tet family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the stealth family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role as a glutathione (GSH)-dependent antioxidant. May be involved in a redox-related process. May play a role in the myopathies of selenium deficiency. FUNCTION: Plays a role as a glutathione (GSH)-dependent antioxidant. May be involved in a redox-related process. May play a role in the myopathies of selenium deficiency. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SelWTH family. Selenoprotein W subfamily.


FUNCTION: Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds domoate > kainate >> L-glutamate = quisqualate >> AMPA = NMDA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIK3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell junction, tight junction Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the claudin family.


FUNCTION: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Facilitates the cooperative formation of U2/U6 helix II in association with stem II in the spliceosome. Binds to RNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SLT11 family.


FUNCTION: Participates in the second step of pre-mRNA splicing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus speckle Note=Colocalizes with spliceosomal snRNPs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRP18 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SUI1 family.


FUNCTION: Maximin-H1 shows antibacterial activity against both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It shows also antimicrobial activity against the fungus C.albicans. Shows strong hemolytic activity. FUNCTION: Maximin-11 shows antimicrobial activity against bacteria and against the fungus C.albicans. It has little hemolytic activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bombinin family.


FUNCTION: Specifically deglycosylates the denatured form of N-linked glycoproteins in the cytoplasm and assists their proteasome-mediated degradation. Cleaves the beta-aspartyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycan and the amide side chain of Asn, converting Asn to Asp. Prefers proteins containing high-mannose over those bearing complex type oligosaccharides. Can recognize misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum that are exported to the cytosol to be destroyed and deglycosylate them, while it has no activity toward native proteins. Deglycosylation is a prerequisite for subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of some, but not all, misfolded glycoproteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transglutaminase-like superfamily. PNGase family.


SIMILARITY: To L.innocua lin1255, lin1742 and lin2408.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA with 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate (2-ketoisovalerate) to form 3-carboxy-3- hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (2-isopropylmalate). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 2 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in peptidoglycan recycling by cleaving the terminal beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from peptide- linked peptidoglycan fragments, giving rise to free GlcNAc, anhydro-N- acetylmuramic acid and anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid-linked peptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family. NagZ subfamily.


FUNCTION: H(+)-stimulated, divalent metal cation uptake system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NRAMP family.


FUNCTION: Ca(2+)-dependent Ras GTPase-activating protein, that switches off the Ras-MAPK pathway following a stimulus that elevates intracellular calcium. Functions as an adaptor for Cdc42 and Rac1 during FcR-mediated phagocytosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Localized to the cytosol as a result of its lack of phosphoinositide binding activity. Upon agonist-stimulated calcium mobilization, utilizes the C2A and C2B domains to associate with the plasma membrane.


FUNCTION: Part of a binding-protein-dependent transport system for glutamate, glutamine, aspartate and asparagine. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. HisMQ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Interacts specifically in a calcium-dependent manner with the acidic exopolysaccharide (EPS) and capsular polysaccharide produced by R.leguminosarum. Could be involved in the development of the biofilm matrix made of EPS. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Note=Secreted by the type I secretion system PrsDE.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor which plays a key role in defining the composition of the RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) elongation complex and in modulating the production of mature mRNA transcripts. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IWS1 family.


FUNCTION: NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Stromal side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35D subfamily.


FUNCTION: O-methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurasperone B, a dimeric gamma-naphthopyrone (PubMed:31067027). The first step in the biosynthesis of aurasperone B is the production of gamma-naphthopyrone precursor YWA1 by the non- reducing polyketide synthase albA, via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 6 malonyl-CoA units (PubMed:31067027). YWA1 is then methylated by aunE at position C-6 to yield foncesin which is further methylated at position C-8 by aunD to produce fonsecin B (Probable). A key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway is the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase aunB which catalyzes the oxidative dimerization of fonsecin B to aurasperone B (PubMed:31067027). AunB also catalyzes the oxidative dimerization of rubrofusarin B into aurasperone A (PubMed:31067027). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-independent O-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex SsuABC involved in aliphatic sulfonates import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system (Probable). Is also involved in taurine transport. Seems to not be involved in long chain aliphatic sulfonates transport (chain length of eight carbon atoms or more). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Aliphatic sulfonates importer (TC 3.A.1.17.2) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the deformylation of 4-deoxy-4-formamido-L- arabinose-phosphoundecaprenol to 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose- phosphoundecaprenol. The modified arabinose is attached to lipid A and is required for resistance to polymyxin and cationic antimicrobial peptides. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polysaccharide deacetylase family. ArnD deformylase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase required for cell wall integrity. Responsible for addition of the first alpha-1,2-linked mannose to form the branches on the mannan backbone of oligosaccharides. Addition of alpha-1,2-mannose is required for stabilization of the alpha-1,6-mannose backbone and hence regulates mannan fibril length; and is important for both immune recognition and virulence. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MNN1/MNT family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a transcriptional regulator. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Orphan receptor. Could be a receptor for trace amines. Trace amines are biogenic amines present in very low levels in mammalian tissues. Although some trace amines have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Trace amines are likely to be involved in a variety of physiological functions that have yet to be fully understood. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Probably involved in the biosynthesis of germacrene-derived sesquiterpene lactones. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the control of cell fates in the neurectoderm. Acts as a positive regulator of Notch pathway and is required at different levels during development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TM2 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of pppGpp to ppGpp. Guanosine pentaphosphate (pppGpp) is a cytoplasmic signaling molecule which together with ppGpp controls the 'stringent response', an adaptive process that allows bacteria to respond to amino acid starvation, resulting in the coordinated regulation of numerous cellular activities. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GppA/Ppx family. GppA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the proteasome-dependent degradation of fructose- 1,6-bisphosphatase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FYV10 family.


FUNCTION: Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Non-catalytic subunit of the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase (TGT) that catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with queuine (Q) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr), resulting in the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (7-(((4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2- cyclopenten-1-yl)amino)methyl)-7-deazaguanosine). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family. QTRT2 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0314 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the inhibition of the host innate immune response. Mechanistically, promotes the autophagy-mediated lysosomal degradation of host TBK1 and affects IRF3 nuclear translocation to block type I IFN production. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus A137R family.


FUNCTION: Murein-degrading enzyme that degrades murein glycan strands and insoluble, high-molecular weight murein sacculi, with the concomitant formation of a 1,6-anhydromuramoyl product. Lytic transglycosylases (LTs) play an integral role in the metabolism of the peptidoglycan (PG) sacculus. Their lytic action creates space within the PG sacculus to allow for its expansion as well as for the insertion of various structures such as secretion systems and flagella. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Attached to the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the transglycosylase Slt family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the bacterial solute- binding protein 3 family.


FUNCTION: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Sigma family.


FUNCTION: Ceramide-binding protein that may transfer ceramides from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to the cis-Golgi network membrane, and is thereby required for the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Localizes to the interface between the cis-Golgi network and endoplasmic reticulum exit sites. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SVF1 family.


FUNCTION: Has low activity towards the organophosphate paraxon and aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Rapidly hydrolyzes lactones such as statin prodrugs (e.g. lovastatin). Hydrolyzes aromatic lactones and 5- or 6-member ring lactones with aliphatic substituents but not simple lactones or those with polar substituents. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paraoxonase family.


FUNCTION: Core component of the DBIRD complex, a multiprotein complex that acts at the interface between core mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and integrates transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing: the DBIRD complex affects local transcript elongation rates and alternative splicing of a large set of exons embedded in (A + T)-rich DNA regions. May play a role in neuronal differentiation and is able to bind DNA and activate expression in vitro (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AKAP95 family.


FUNCTION: Essential for the anterograde spread of the infection throughout the host nervous system. Together with the gE/gI heterodimer, US9 is involved in the sorting and transport of viral structural components toward axon tips (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Host Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Host smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. It is probably transported to the cell surface from where it is endocytosed and directed to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), maybe through an interaction with PACS-1 sorting protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alphaherpesvirinae envelope protein US9 family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of a complex which severs microtubules in an ATP-dependent manner. Microtubule severing may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. Microtubule release from the mitotic spindle poles may allow depolymerization of the microtubule end proximal to the spindle pole, leading to poleward microtubule flux and poleward motion of chromosome. The function in regulating microtubule dynamics at spindle poles seems to depend on the association of the katanin KATNA1:KATNB1 complex with ASPM which recruits it to microtubules. Reversely KATNA1:KATNB1 can enhance ASPM blocking activity on microtubule minus-end growth. Microtubule release within the cell body of neurons may be required for their transport into neuronal processes by microtubule-dependent motor proteins. This transport is required for axonal growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Midbody Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle Note=Predominantly cytoplasmic. Localized diffusely in the cytoplasm during the interphase. During metaphase is localized throughout the cell and more widely dispersed than the microtubules. In anaphase and telophase is localized at the midbody region. Also localized to the interphase centrosome and the mitotic spindle poles. Enhanced recruitment to the mitotic spindle poles requires microtubules and interaction with KATNB1 (By similarity). Localizes within the cytoplasm, partially overlapping with microtubules, in interphase and to the mitotic spindle and spindle poles during mitosis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. Katanin p60 subunit A1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-2 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin type-1 serine/threonine kinase receptors (ACVR1, ACVR1B or ACVR1c). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to have a paracrine or autocrine role in follicular development in the ovary. Within the receptor complex, the type-2 receptors act as a primary activin receptors (binds activin-A/INHBA, activin-B/INHBB as well as inhibin- A/INHA-INHBA). The type-1 receptors like ACVR1B act as downstream transducers of activin signals. Activin binds to type-2 receptor at the plasma membrane and activates its serine-threonine kinase. The activated receptor type-2 then phosphorylates and activates the type-1 receptor. Once activated, the type-1 receptor binds and phosphorylates the SMAD proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3, on serine residues of the C-terminal tail. Soon after their association with the activin receptor and subsequent phosphorylation, SMAD2 and SMAD3 are released into the cytoplasm where they interact with the common partner SMAD4. This SMAD complex translocates into the nucleus where it mediates activin-induced transcription. Inhibitory SMAD7, which is recruited to ACVR1B through FKBP1A, can prevent the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. Activin signal transduction is also antagonized by the binding to the receptor of inhibin-B via the IGSF1 inhibin coreceptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BRE1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the scoloptoxin-15 family.


FUNCTION: Methyltransferase involved in methanogenesis from methylated- thiols. Catalyzes two successive steps: mediates the transfer of a methyl group from the substrate to the cobalt cofactor of a methylated- thiol-specific corrinoid protein (MtsB), and the subsequent transfer of the methyl group from the corrinoid protein to coenzyme M. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Essential for tRNA splicing and maturation. Acts by directly joining spliced tRNA halves to mature-sized tRNAs. Joins RNA with 2',3'-cyclic-phosphate or 3'-phosphate ends to RNA with 5'-hydroxy ends. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RtcB family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in rpe physiology either by detecting light directly or by monitoring the concentration of retinoids or other photoreceptor-derived compounds. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calcitonin family.


FUNCTION: Transports oxaloacetate and sulfate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.


FUNCTION: Plays a stimulatory role on natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS1 family.


FUNCTION: Laccase that catalyzes the oxidation of certain aromatic compounds, including L-dopa, to quinones, which then polymerize to melanin (By similarity). Able to oxidize a wide variety of aromatic diphenol and diamino groups in the ortho, meta, and para positions but not monophenolic groups such as in phenol, tyramine, or tyrosine (By similarity). Plays an important role in virulence (By similarity). Plays a role in dissemination to extrapulmonary sites but is not involved in pulmonary growth or in elicitation of cellular immune responses in the lung (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Secreted, cell wall. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Regulator of RHO1 signaling that acts as a cofactor required for the efficient localization of the TUS1 GTP exchange factor (GEF) for RHO1 to the bud neck during all phases of cytokinesis (PubMed:22344253). RHO1 is a key, essential hub protein in the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway in which activated RHO1-GTP binds directly to and activates multiple different downstream effectors required for cell wall synthesis and actin assembly during cytokinesis (Probable).


FUNCTION: May act in concert with RAB3A in regulating aspects of synaptic vesicle membrane flow within the nerve terminal. EHBP1L1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional transactivator that activates the viral internal promoter (IP), thereby enhancing its own expression. This transactivation is repressed by nuclear factor I. Also transactivates the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter, thereby inducing structural gene expression, initiating the late phase of infection. It is therefore a key regulator of viral gene expression. It directly binds to and activates DNA target sites of viral promoters and those of distinct cellular genes. Required for viral replication (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TMEM200 family.


FUNCTION: Essential cell division protein. May link together the upstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly cytoplasmic, with the downstream cell division proteins, which are predominantly periplasmic. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Note=Localizes to the division septum where it forms a ring structure. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsL family.


FUNCTION: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively. Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19- aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid. Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19-norsteroid and formic acid. Converts dihydrotestosterone to delta1,10-dehydro 19- nordihydrotestosterone and may play a role in homeostasis of this potent androgen. Also displays 2-hydroxylase activity toward estrone. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH- ferrihemoprotein reductase). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Microsome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that extrudes sodium in exchange for external protons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NhaA Na(+)/H(+) (TC 2.A.33) antiporter family.


FUNCTION: Involved in retrograde transport from early and late endosomes to late Golgi, leading to the membrane fusion between late Golgi and endosomal vesicles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VPS53 family.


FUNCTION: Performs an essential role in the oxidative function of the citric acid cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.


FUNCTION: [Outer capsid protein VP8*]: Forms the head of the spikes and mediates the recognition of specific host cell surface glycans. It is the viral hemagglutinin and an important target of neutralizing antibodies. In sialic acid-dependent strains, VP8* binds to host cell sialic acid, most probably a ganglioside, providing the initial contact. In some other strains, VP8* mediates the attachment to histo- blood group antigens (HBGAs) for viral entry. FUNCTION: [Outer capsid protein VP4]: Spike-forming protein that mediates virion attachment to the host epithelial cell receptors and plays a major role in cell penetration, determination of host range restriction and virulence. Rotavirus attachment and entry into the host cell probably involves multiple sequential contacts between the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7, and the cell receptors. It is subsequently lost, together with VP7, following virus entry into the host cell. Following entry into the host cell, low intracellular or intravesicular Ca(2+) concentration probably causes the calcium-stabilized VP7 trimers to dissociate from the virion. This step is probably necessary for the membrane-disrupting entry step and the release of VP4, which is locked onto the virion by VP7. During the virus exit from the host cell, VP4 seems to be required to target the newly formed virions to the host cell lipid rafts. FUNCTION: [Outer capsid protein VP5*]: Forms the spike 'foot' and 'body' and acts as a membrane permeabilization protein that mediates release of viral particles from endosomal compartments into the cytoplasm. During entry, the part of VP5* that protrudes from the virus folds back on itself and reorganizes from a local dimer to a trimer. This reorganization may be linked to membrane penetration by exposing VP5* hydrophobic region. In integrin-dependent strains, VP5* targets the integrin heterodimer ITGA2/ITGB1 for cell attachment. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Outer capsid protein VP4]: Virion Host rough endoplasmic reticulum Host cell membrane Host cytoplasm, host cytoskeleton Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment Note=The outer layer contains 180 copies of VP4, grouped as 60 dimers. Immature double-layered particles assembled in the cytoplasm bud across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, acquiring during this process a transient lipid membrane that is modified with the ER resident viral glycoproteins NSP4 and VP7; these enveloped particles also contain VP4. As the particles move towards the interior of the ER cisternae, the transient lipid membrane and the non-structural protein NSP4 are lost, while the virus surface proteins VP4 and VP7 rearrange to form the outermost virus protein layer, yielding mature infectious triple- layered particles. VP4 also seems to associate with lipid rafts of the host cell membrane probably for the exit of the virus from the infected cell by an alternate pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Outer capsid protein VP8*]: Virion Note=Outer capsid protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Outer capsid protein VP5*]: Virion Note=Outer capsid protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rotavirus VP4 family.


FUNCTION: High-affinity fructose transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.


FUNCTION: Appears to regulate cell growth through interactions with the extracellular matrix and cytokines. Binds calcium and copper, several types of collagen, albumin, thrombospondin, PDGF and cell membranes. There are two calcium binding sites; an acidic domain that binds 5 to 8 Ca(2+) with a low affinity and an EF-hand loop that binds a Ca(2+) ion with a high affinity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix, basement membrane Note=In or around the basement membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPARC family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL48 family.


FUNCTION: Has flap endonuclease activity. During DNA replication, flap endonucleases cleave the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Xni family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of 2-methyl-3-n-amyl-pyrrole (MAP), one of the terminal products involved in the biosynthesis of the red antibiotic prodigiosin (Pig). Catalyzes the transamination to the aldehyde group of 3-acetyloctanal, resulting in an aminoketone, which spontaneously cyclizes to yield the dihydro form of MAP (H2MAP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Nicotinamide/nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase that acts as an axon maintenance factor (By similarity). Axon survival factor required for the maintenance of healthy axons: acts by delaying Wallerian axon degeneration, an evolutionarily conserved process that drives the loss of damaged axons (By similarity). Catalyzes the formation of NAD(+) from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and ATP (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). Can also use the deamidated form; nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN) as substrate but with a lower efficiency (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). Cannot use triazofurin monophosphate (TrMP) as substrate (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). Also catalyzes the reverse reaction, i.e. the pyrophosphorolytic cleavage of NAD(+) (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). For the pyrophosphorolytic activity prefers NAD(+), NADH and NaAD as substrates and degrades nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NHD) less effectively (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). Fails to cleave phosphorylated dinucleotides NADP(+), NADPH and NaADP(+) (PubMed:16118205, PubMed:17402747). Also acts as an activator of ADP- ribosylation by supporting the catalytic activity of PARP16 and promoting mono-ADP-ribosylation of ribosomes by PARP16 (PubMed:34314702). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Lipid-anchor Cytoplasm Cell projection, axon Note=Delivered to axons with Golgi- derived cytoplasmic vesicles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic NMN adenylyltransferase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant dehydrin family.


FUNCTION: Plasma membrane osmosensor that activates the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK signaling pathway in response to high osmolarity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHO1 family.