FUNCTION: Potential role in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. May act as a cargo receptor at the lumenal side for incorporation of secretory cargo molecules into transport vesicles and may be involved in vesicle coat formation at the cytoplasmic side. Plays a positive role in IL-33-mediated IL-8 and IL-6 production by interacting with interleukin-33 receptor IL1RL1. Plays also a role in the modulation of innate immune signaling through the cGAS-STING pathway by interacting with RNF26. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.


FUNCTION: Probable adapter protein and signal transducer that links members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family to different signaling pathways by association with the receptor cytoplasmic domain and kinases. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family.


FUNCTION: Has single-stranded DNA-stimulated ATPase and ATP-dependent DNA helicase (5' to 3') activity suggesting a role in nuclear processes such as recombination and transcription (By similarity). Proposed core component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which exhibits DNA- and nucleosome-activated ATPase activity and catalyzes ATP- dependent nucleosome sliding (By similarity). Involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway where it negatively regulates expression of ER stress response genes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Dynein axonemal particle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RuvB family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphoserine (P-Ser). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. SerB family.


FUNCTION: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events (PubMed:10681558, PubMed:11741925, PubMed:15210711). Can act alternatively as peroxidase and molecular chaperone. Oxidative stress and heat shock exposure cause a reversible shift of the protein structure from low MW species to high MW complexes, triggering a peroxidase-to-chaperone functional switch. The chaperone function of the protein enhances resistance to heat shock (PubMed:15163410). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. AhpC/Prx1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Multicopper oxidase that may play a role in the maintenance of inorganic phosphate homeostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the synthesis of meso-diaminopimelate (m-DAP or DL-DAP), required for both lysine and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Catalyzes the direct conversion of tetrahydrodipicolinate to LL- diaminopimelate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Binds to alpha-tubulin folding intermediates after their interaction with cytosolic chaperonin in the pathway leading from newly synthesized tubulin to properly folded heterodimer. Involved in regulation of tubulin heterodimer dissociation. May function as a negative regulator of axonal growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Note=Colocalizes with microtubules. In differentiated neurons, located in the cytoplasm. In differentiating neurons, accumulates at the growth cone. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TBCB family.


FUNCTION: Part of a membrane-bound complex that couples electron transfer with translocation of ions across the membrane. Required to maintain the reduced state of SoxR. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NqrDE/RnfAE family.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX and the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ADP, which is converted to AMP. This allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration (By similarity). SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the NnrD/CARKD family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the NnrE/AIBP family.


FUNCTION: Metallothioneins have a high content of cysteine residues that bind various heavy metals. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 15 family.


FUNCTION: Delta-conotoxins bind to site 6 of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav) and inhibit the inactivation process. Potent paralytic toxin in vertebrate and invertebrate systems. Its binding appears to be voltage-dependent. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin O1 superfamily.


FUNCTION: Synthesizes glutathione from L-glutamate and L-cysteine via gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glutamate-- cysteine ligase type 1 family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of L-homoserine to L-homoserine phosphate. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of L-homoserine to L-homoserine phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Homoserine kinase subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Homoserine kinase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Not known; does not seem to have protease activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits translation of various mRNA species in vitro. Associates with a 35S prosome-like particle that contains non- translated mRNAs in a complex with proteins. May be involved in pre- translational regulation of some mRNA. FUNCTION: Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Has ferroxidase activity. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation. Also plays a role in delivery of iron to cells. Mediates iron uptake in capsule cells of the developing kidney. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ferritin family.


FUNCTION: Facilitates transcription termination by a mechanism that involves Rho binding to the nascent RNA, activation of Rho's RNA- dependent ATPase activity, and release of the mRNA from the DNA template. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Rho family.


FUNCTION: TRAP proteins are part of a complex whose function is to bind calcium to the ER membrane and thereby regulate the retention of ER resident proteins. May be involved in the recycling of the translocation apparatus after completion of the translocation process or may function as a membrane-bound chaperone facilitating folding of translocated proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAP-alpha family.


FUNCTION: Secreted aspartic protease; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the mycotoxin fusarin C (PubMed:23932525). Within the cluster, FUS1, FUS2, FUS8 and FUS9 are sufficient for fusarin production (PubMed:23932525). The other FUS cluster members are not essential for fusarin C biosynthesis (PubMed:23932525). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


FUNCTION: Hydrolysis of 6-phosphogluconolactone to 6-phosphogluconate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. 6-phosphogluconolactonase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Magnesium-dependent glutamate N-prenyltransferase: part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of kainic acid (KA) and derivatives, natural products with neurochemical activity acting as ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) agonists, thus being neurotoxins (PubMed:30995339). Catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) to prekainic acid in the presence of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) (PubMed:30995339, PubMed:32457155). Can also use geranyl diphosphate (GPP) as substrate, thus leading to the formation of N-geranyl-L- glutamic acid (L-NGG) (PubMed:32457155, PubMed:30995339). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Not known, though may play a role in embryonal development and tumor transformation or aspects of tumor progression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR) (PubMed:11336787, PubMed:11359874, PubMed:26611206). Drives internalization of the apelin receptor (PubMed:11359874). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (PubMed:11336787). Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (By similarity). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (PubMed:26611206). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (PubMed:10617103, PubMed:11359874). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Secreted, extracellular space Note=Abundantly secreted in the colostrum (By similarity). Lower level in milk (PubMed:10525157). Decreases rapidly within several days after parturition in milk, but is still detectable even in commercial milk (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apelin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CbrA family.


FUNCTION: Multifunctional enzyme involved in the degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides. Displays endoglucanase activity against carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and barley beta-glucan (PubMed:3066698, PubMed:1991028). Also catalyzes the deacetylation of acetylated birchwood xylan and glucomannan, with a preference for the latter, and of the synthetic substrate 4-nitrophenyl acetate (4-NPAc) (PubMed:19338387). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the carbohydrate esterase 2 (CE2) family.


FUNCTION: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. The coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COPE family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0229 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in retinal laminar formation. Promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Cytoplasmic vesicle Note=Cytoplasmic in some cancer cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAM3 family.


FUNCTION: Activates the JUN N-terminal pathway. Required for serum- stimulated cell proliferation and for mitogen and cytokine activation of MAPK14 (p38), MAPK3 (ERK) and MAPK8 (JNK1) through phosphorylation and activation of MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7. Plays a role in mitogen- stimulated phosphorylation and activation of BRAF, but does not phosphorylate BRAF directly. Influences microtubule organization during the cell cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Note=Location is cell cycle dependent. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of oxaleimides, cytotoxic compounds containing an unusual disubstituted succinimide moiety (PubMed:28365998). The first step of the pathway is provided by the HR-PKS poxF that serves in a new mode of collaborative biosynthesis with the PKS-NRPS poxE, by providing the olefin containing amino acid substrate via the synthesis of an ACP-bound dec-4-enoate (PubMed:28365998). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase poxM-catalyzed oxidation at the alpha-position creates the enzyme-bound 2-hydroxydec- 4-enoyl-ACP thioester, which may be prone to spontaneous hydrolysis to yield 2-hydroxydec-4-enoic acid due to increased electrophilicity of the carbonyl (PubMed:28365998). 2-hydroxydec-4-enoic acid can then be further oxidized by poxM to yield the alpha-ketoacid 2-oxodec-4- enoicacid, which is reductively aminated by the aminotransferase poxL to yield (S,E)-2-aminodec-4-enoic acid (PubMed:28365998). The Hybrid PKS-NRPS synthetase poxE then performs condensation between the octaketide product of its PKS modules and the amino group of (S,E)-2- aminodec-4-enoic acid which is activated and incorporated by the adenylation domain (PubMed:28365998). The resulting aminoacyl product can be cyclized by the Diels-Alderase PoxQ and reductively released by the reductive (R) domain of poxE to yield an aldehyde intermediate (PubMed:28365998) (Probable). The released aldehyde is then substrate for a Knoevenagel condensation by the hydrolyase poxO followed by an oxidation at the 5-position of the pyrrolidone ring (PubMed:28365998). The presence of the olefin from the amino acid building block allows for migration of the substituted allyl group to occur (PubMed:28365998). This allylic transposition reaction takes place in a conjugate addition, semipinacol-like fashion to yield a succinimide intermediate (PubMed:28365998). Iterative two-electron oxidations of the C7 methyl of the succinimide intermediate to the carboxylic acid can be catalyzed by one of two remaining cytochrome P450 monooxygenasess poxC or poxD to yield oxaleimide A (PubMed:28365998). Subsequent oxidation yields the maleimide scaffold oxaleimide I (PubMed:28365998). Both oxaleimide A and oxaleimide I can undergo oxidative modifications in the decalin ring to yield the series of products oxaleimides B to H (PubMed:28365998). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the antifungal agent validamycin A (PubMed:16632251). Catalyzes the final attachment of glucose from UDP-alpha-D-glucose to validoxylamine A to yield validamycin A (PubMed:16632251, PubMed:18563934). UDP-glucose is the most efficient glycosyl donor, whereas GDP-glucose and ADP-glucose are much less efficient (PubMed:16632251). ValG also utilizes UDP-galactose as substrate to produce the new validamycin analog, 4''-epi-validamycin A (PubMed:18563934). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the SOSS complex, a multiprotein complex that functions downstream of the MRN complex to promote DNA repair and G2/M checkpoint. The SOSS complex associates with single-stranded DNA at DNA lesions and influences diverse endpoints in the cellular DNA damage response including cell-cycle checkpoint activation, recombinational repair and maintenance of genomic stability. Required for efficient homologous recombination-dependent repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Localizes to nuclear foci following DNA damage. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SOSS-C family.


FUNCTION: Cell division protein that is involved in the assembly of the Z ring. May serve as a membrane anchor for the Z ring. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=Localizes to the Z ring in an FtsZ-dependent manner. Targeted to the membrane through a conserved C-terminal amphipathic helix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsA/MreB family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. CbbY/CbbZ/Gph/YieH family.


FUNCTION: Required for ciliogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell projection, cilium Note=Localizes to vesicles en route to the base of cilium. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TMEM138 family.


FUNCTION: Probable transcriptional activator involved in meiotic prophase and synaptonemal complex (SC) assembly.


FUNCTION: Component of RNA polymerase I core factor complex that acts as a GTF2B/TFIIB-like factor and plays a key role in multiple steps during transcription initiation such as pre-initiation complex (PIC) assembly and postpolymerase recruitment events in polymerase I (Pol I) transcription. Binds rDNA promoters and plays a role in Pol I recruitment (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRN7/TAF1B family.


FUNCTION: Is involved in the activation of the first-line antituberculous drug pyrazinamide (PZA) by converting it into the active form, pyrazinoic acid. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the deamidation of nicotinamide (NAM) into nicotinate (PubMed:18201201). Likely functions in the cyclical salvage pathway for production of NAD from nicotinamide (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isochorismatase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Required for maximal ATPase activity of SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A and for association of the SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A containing remodeling complex BAF with chromatin/nuclear matrix. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and is required for the proliferation of neural progenitors. During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth (By similarity). Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. This modification may both alter nucleosome - DNA interactions and promote interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription. This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. NuA4 may also play a direct role in DNA repair when recruited to sites of DNA damage. Putative core component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and probably DNA repair (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the actin family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-2A subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 22 family.


FUNCTION: Sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released. This sigma factor is required for the synthesis of the antibiotic actinomycin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sigma-70 factor family. ECF subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that activates a subset of organizer- specific genes. Binds to the distal element (DE) of the gsc promoter to regulate its expression. In the presence of pou5f1.1/oct-25, forms a repression complex on the promoter of the gsc and mix2 genes to inhibit their transcription. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TFII-I family.


FUNCTION: The heterodimer glycoprotein H-glycoprotein L is required for the fusion of viral and plasma membranes leading to virus entry into the host cell. Acts as a functional inhibitor of gH and maintains gH in an inhibited form. Upon binding to host integrins, gL dissociates from gH leading to activation of the viral fusion glycoproteins gB and gH. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Extracellular side Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Extracellular side Host Golgi apparatus, host trans- Golgi network Note=gL associates with the extravirion surface through its binding to gH. During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the host trans- Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. Found in Golgi-like bodies of fibroblasts. In T-lymphocytes, found in the endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae glycoprotein L family.


FUNCTION: Fiber-like molecule that attaches the virion to the host cell membrane by binding to the primary receptor F11R/JAM-A and to sialic acid containing proteins (coreceptor). The interaction of sigma-1 with F11R is required for NF-kB activation and apoptosis. Binding to both sialic acid and F11R is required to induce maximal levels of apoptosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. Note=Found in the outer capsid (36 copies). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthoreovirus sigma-1 protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Drug:H(+) antiporter-3 (DHA3) (TC 2.A.1.21) family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial Rho GTPase family.


FUNCTION: Essential cell division protein that coordinates cell division and chromosome segregation. The N-terminus is involved in assembly of the cell-division machinery. The C-terminus functions as a DNA motor that moves dsDNA in an ATP-dependent manner towards the difSL recombination site, which is located within the replication terminus region (By similarity). Required for activation of the XerS recombinase, allowing activation of chromosome unlinking by recombination. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Located at the septum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsK/SpoIIIE/SftA family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c family.


FUNCTION: Palmitoyltransferase specific for Ras proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. ERF2/ZDHHC9 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Could be involved in the regulation of nitrogen fixation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P(II) protein family.


FUNCTION: Trims short 3' overhangs of a variety of RNA species, leaving a one or two nucleotide 3' overhang. Responsible for the end-turnover of tRNA: specifically removes the terminal AMP residue from uncharged tRNA (tRNA-C-C-A). Also appears to be involved in tRNA biosynthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RNase T family.


FUNCTION: Participates in a DNA-damage check-point. DisA forms globular foci that rapidly scan along the chromosomes searching for lesions. FUNCTION: Has also diadenylate cyclase activity, catalyzing the condensation of 2 ATP molecules into cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP). c-di-AMP likely acts as a signaling molecule that may couple DNA integrity with a cellular process. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DisA family.


FUNCTION: JanA and janB regulate somatic sex differentiation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the janus family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that plays a role in the activation of archaeal genes transcribed by RNA polymerase. Facilitates transcription initiation by enhancing TATA-box recognition by TATA-box-binding protein (Tbp), and transcription factor B (Tfb) and RNA polymerase recruitment. Not absolutely required for transcription in vitro, but particularly important in cases where Tbp or Tfb function is not optimal. It dynamically alters the nucleic acid-binding properties of RNA polymerases by stabilizing the initiation complex and destabilizing elongation complexes. Seems to translocate with the RNA polymerase following initiation and acts by binding to the non template strand of the transcription bubble in elongation complexes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TFE family.


FUNCTION: Muscle-specific component of the BAF complex, a multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Specifically binds acetylated lysines on histone 3 and 4. In the complex, it acts as a tissue-specific anchor between histone acetylations and methylations and chromatin remodeling. It thereby probably plays an essential role in heart and skeletal muscle development. Belongs to the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) and plays a role in neural development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the requiem/DPF family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0309 family.


FUNCTION: Converts the D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate (beta-HBP) intermediate into D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 1-phosphate by removing the phosphate group at the C-7 position. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GmhB family.


FUNCTION: CBASS (cyclic oligonucleotide-based antiphage signaling system) provides immunity against bacteriophage. The CD-NTase protein synthesizes cyclic nucleotides in response to infection; these serve as specific second messenger signals. The signals activate a diverse range of effectors, leading to bacterial cell death and thus abortive phage infection. A type I-D(GG) CBASS system (PubMed:32839535). FUNCTION: The effector protein for this CBASS system. Binds c-di-GMP (synthesized by the cognate CdnE encoded upstream in the same operon) but not c-di-AMP, 2'-3'-cGAMP, 3'-3'-cGAMP or cUMP-AMP (tested without the N-terminal TIR domain) (PubMed:32877915). Upon activation by c-di- GMP forms filaments which hydrolyze NAD(+); filament formation is required for enzyme activation (By similarity). SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the bacterial STING family.


FUNCTION: Extracellular Nef protein targets CD4(+) T-lymphocytes for apoptosis by interacting with CXCR4 surface receptors. FUNCTION: In infected CD4(+) T-lymphocytes, down-regulates the surface MHC-I, mature MHC-II, CD4, CD28, CCR5 and CXCR4 molecules. Mediates internalization and degradation of host CD4 through the interaction of with the cytoplasmic tail of CD4, the recruitment of AP-2 (clathrin adapter protein complex 2), internalization through clathrin coated pits, and subsequent transport to endosomes and lysosomes for degradation. Diverts host MHC-I molecules to the trans-Golgi network- associated endosomal compartments by an endocytic pathway to finally target them for degradation. MHC-I down-regulation may involve AP-1 (clathrin adapter protein complex 1) or possibly Src family kinase- ZAP70/Syk-PI3K cascade recruited by PACS2. In consequence infected cells are masked for immune recognition by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Decreasing the number of immune receptors also prevents reinfection by more HIV particles (superinfection). Down-regulates host SERINC3 and SERINC5 thereby excluding these proteins from the viral particles. Virion infectivity is drastically higher when SERINC3 or SERINC5 are excluded from the viral envelope, because these host antiviral proteins impair the membrane fusion event necessary for subsequent virion penetration. FUNCTION: Bypasses host T-cell signaling by inducing a transcriptional program nearly identical to that of anti-CD3 cell activation. Interaction with TCR-zeta chain up-regulates the Fas ligand (FasL). Increasing surface FasL molecules and decreasing surface MHC-I molecules on infected CD4(+) cells send attacking cytotoxic CD8+ T- lymphocytes into apoptosis. FUNCTION: Factor of infectivity and pathogenicity, required for optimal virus replication. Alters numerous pathways of T-lymphocyte function and down-regulates immunity surface molecules in order to evade host defense and increase viral infectivity. Alters the functionality of other immunity cells, like dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages and NK cells. FUNCTION: Plays a role in optimizing the host cell environment for viral replication without causing cell death by apoptosis. Protects the infected cells from apoptosis in order to keep them alive until the next virus generation is ready to strike. Inhibits the Fas and TNFR- mediated death signals by blocking MAP3K5/ASK1. Decreases the half-life of TP53, protecting the infected cell against p53-mediated apoptosis. Inhibits the apoptotic signals regulated by the Bcl-2 family proteins through the formation of a Nef/PI3-kinase/PAK2 complex that leads to activation of PAK2 and induces phosphorylation of host BAD. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Virion Secreted Host Golgi apparatus membrane Note=TGN localization requires PACS1. Associates with the inner plasma membrane through its N-terminal domain. Nef stimulates its own export via the release of exosomes. Incorporated in virions at a rate of about 10 molecules per virion, where it is cleaved. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lentivirus primate group Nef protein family.


FUNCTION: DNA ligase involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ); required for double-strand break (DSB) repair and V(D)J recombination. Catalyzes the NHEJ ligation step of the broken DNA during DSB repair by resealing the DNA breaks after the gap filling is completed. Joins single-strand breaks in a double-stranded polydeoxynucleotide in an ATP-dependent reaction. LIG4 is mechanistically flexible: it can ligate nicks as well as compatible DNA overhangs alone, while in the presence of XRCC4, it can ligate ends with 2-nucleotides (nt) microhomology and 1-nt gaps. Forms a subcomplex with XRCC4; the LIG4-XRCC4 subcomplex is responsible for the NHEJ ligation step and XRCC4 enhances the joining activity of LIG4. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 23 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Factor XI triggers the middle phase of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation by activating factor IX. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasma kallikrein subfamily.


FUNCTION: Serves to protect the cell against DNA damage by alkyl hydroperoxides. It can use either NADH or NADPH as electron donor for direct reduction of redox dyes or of alkyl hydroperoxides when combined with the AhpC protein (By similarity). FUNCTION: Serves to protect the cell against DNA damage by alkyl hydroperoxides. It can use either NADH or NADPH as electron donor for direct reduction of redox dyes or of alkyl hydroperoxides when combined with the AhpC protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOPA, alpha-methyl DOPA and isoproterenol. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Extracellular side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Tautomerization of the methyl ester of L-dopachrome. Inhibits migration of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIF family.


FUNCTION: Converts 2,5-diamino-6-(ribosylamino)-4(3h)-pyrimidinone 5'- phosphate into 5-amino-6-(ribosylamino)-2,4(1h,3h)-pyrimidinedione 5'- phosphate. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the HTP reductase family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.


FUNCTION: Within the ovary, required for the organization of somatic cells and oocytes into discrete follicular structures. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the proteasome core, a large protease complex with broad specificity involved in protein degradation. The T.acidophilum proteasome is able to cleave oligopeptides after Tyr, Leu, Phe, and to a lesser extent after Glu and Arg. Thus, displays chymotrypsin-like activity and low level of caspase-like and trypsin- like activities. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.


FUNCTION: Fimbriae (also called pili), polar filaments radiating from the surface of the bacterium to a length of 0.5-1.5 micrometers and numbering 100-300 per cell, enable bacteria to colonize the epithelium of specific host organs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Fimbrium.


FUNCTION: Possible regulatory or functional link with the histocompatibility cluster. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two- step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: With LigD forms a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair enzyme, which repairs dsDNA breaks with reduced fidelity. Binds linear dsDNA with 5'- and 3'- overhangs but not closed circular dsDNA nor ssDNA. Recruits and stimulates the ligase activity of LigD. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prokaryotic Ku family.


FUNCTION: Neuropeptide. May be involved in the regulation of adult diapause. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NPY family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. May also be required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Intermembrane side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small Tim family.


FUNCTION: Acetylates soluble but not nucleosomal H4 (By similarity). Acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAT1 family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for the formation of the pyrimidine heterocycle in the thiamine biosynthesis pathway. Catalyzes the formation of hydroxymethylpyrimidine phosphate (HMP-P) from histidine and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP). The protein uses PLP and the active site histidine to form HMP-P, generating an inactive enzyme. The enzyme can only undergo a single turnover, which suggests it is a suicide enzyme. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NMT1/THI5 family.


FUNCTION: Nuclear factor required for the production of piwi- interacting RNA (piRNA) precursors (PubMed:24696457). Specifically required for piRNAs produced from loci associated with the Ruby motif (PubMed:24696457). Promotes binding of the transcription factor snpc-4 at piRNA genomic clusters (PubMed:25373775). Required for normal fertility (PubMed:24696457). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=Concentrated in nuclear foci of pachytene germ cells (PubMed:25373775, PubMed:24696457). Colocalizes with snpc-4 in nuclear foci in a mutually dependent fashion (PubMed:25373775).


FUNCTION: In the male reproductive tract, binds to sperm heads where it modulates sperm capacitance by inhibiting calcium uptake and nitrogen oxide (NO) production. FUNCTION: Serine protease inhibitor which exhibits anti-trypsin activity. In the pancreas, protects against trypsin-catalyzed premature activation of zymogens. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Participates in the translocation of lipoproteins from the inner membrane to the outer membrane. Only forms a complex with a lipoprotein if the residue after the N-terminal Cys is not an aspartate (The Asp acts as a targeting signal to indicate that the lipoprotein should stay in the inner membrane) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LolA family.


FUNCTION: Counteracts the innate antiviral activity of host APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G. Forms a complex with host APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G thus preventing the entry of these lethally hypermutating enzymes into progeny virions. Recruits an active E3 ubiquitin ligase complex composed of elongin BC, CUL5, and RBX2 to induce polyubiquitination of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F. In turn, they are directed to the 26S proteasome for degradation. Vif interaction with APOBEC3G also blocks its cytidine deaminase activity in a proteasome-independent manner, suggesting a dual inhibitory mechanism. May interact directly with APOBEC3G mRNA in order to inhibit its translation. Seems to play a role in viral morphology by affecting the stability of the viral nucleoprotein core. Finally, Vif also contributes to the G2 cell cycle arrest observed in HIV infected cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Virion Note=In the cytoplasm, seems to colocalize with intermediate filament vimentin. A fraction is associated with the cytoplasmic side of cellular membranes, presumably via the interaction with Pr55Gag precursor. Incorporated in virions at a ratio of approximately 7 to 20 molecules per virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the primate lentivirus group Vif protein family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs. Specifically modifies U47 in cytoplasmic tRNAs (By similarity). Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine in some mRNAs, thereby affecting their translation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Dus family. Dus3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of steviol glycosides in leaves (PubMed:15610349). Converts steviol to the mono-glycoside steviolmonoside (PubMed:15610349). Converts the mono-glycoside steviolmonoside to the bi-glycoside rubusoside (PubMed:15610349). Converts the bi-glycoside steviolbioside to the tri-glycoside stevioside (PubMed:15610349). Converts the tri-glycoside rebaudioside B to the tetra-glycoside rebaudioside A (PubMed:15610349). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Acts as complement inhibitor by disrupting the formation of the classical C3 convertase. Isoform 3 inhibits the classical complement pathway, while membrane-bound isoform 1 inhibits deposition of C3b via both the classical and alternative complement pathways. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Effector that might be involved in host plant infection. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


FUNCTION: May have a major role in the perfection of crystallization, involved either in the pore structure itself or in the organization of the pores within the linear array of terminal synthesizing complexes (TCs).


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex YfmCDEF involved in citrate-dependent Fe(3+) import. Involved in the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. FecCD subfamily.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which may be involved in endosomal trafficking. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus S183L family.


FUNCTION: Minor outer capsid protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host cytoplasm Note=Found in the peripheral regions of spherical cytoplasmic structures, called virus factories, that appear early after infection and are the site of viral replication and packaging. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phytoreovirus minor outer capsid protein P9 family.


FUNCTION: Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). The second module involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins (By similarity). This module also plays a key role in the biosynthesis of triterpenes such as ganoderic acids (GA), a group of highly oxygenated lanostane-type triterpenoids which are well recognized as a main group of unique bioactive compounds in the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (PubMed:22203490, PubMed:31253150). Activity by the mevalonate kinase first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate (By similarity). 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5- diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase (By similarity). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase MVD then produces isopentenyl diphosphate (PubMed:22203490). The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta- isomerase then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) (By similarity). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase FPS catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (PubMed:18540102, PubMed:31253150). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BI1 family.


FUNCTION: Key maternal determinant of the dorsal organizer and body axis formation in vertebrates that acts by promoting stabilization of beta-catenin (ctnnb1) (PubMed:30467143). Localizes on the plasma membrane of the future dorsal blastomeres in early blastulas and binds to and promotes the tankyrase-mediated degradation of axin (axin1 and axin2) (PubMed:30467143). Axin degradation results in stabilization and nuclear translocation of beta-catenin (ctnnb1) for activating organizer-specific target gene expression (PubMed:30467143). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Enriched on the plasma membrane of blastomeres only in a small region in which the dorsal organizer will form. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the huluwa family.


FUNCTION: Interferon-induced dynamin-like GTPase with antiviral activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Note=Binds preferentially to negatively charged phospholipids. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the mitochondrial apoptotic process (PubMed:10772918, PubMed:16113678, PubMed:18948948, PubMed:21199865, PubMed:21458670, PubMed:25609812, PubMed:8358790, PubMed:8521816, PubMed:11060313, PubMed:16199525). Under normal conditions, BAX is largely cytosolic via constant retrotranslocation from mitochondria to the cytosol mediated by BCL2L1/Bcl-xL, which avoids accumulation of toxic BAX levels at the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) (PubMed:21458670). Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis (PubMed:11060313, PubMed:16199525, PubMed:10772918, PubMed:16113678, PubMed:18948948, PubMed:21199865, PubMed:21458670, PubMed:25609812, PubMed:8358790, PubMed:8521816). Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis (PubMed:11060313, PubMed:16199525, PubMed:10772918, PubMed:16113678, PubMed:18948948, PubMed:21199865, PubMed:21458670, PubMed:25609812, PubMed:8358790, PubMed:8521816). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Beta]: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Delta]: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Gamma]: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Alpha]: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Cytoplasm Note=Colocalizes with 14-3-3 proteins in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes release from JNK-phosphorylated 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the mitochondrion membrane. Upon Sendai virus infection, recruited to the mitochondrion through interaction with IRF3 (PubMed:25609812). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.


FUNCTION: Allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl- tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp- tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln) (By similarity). FUNCTION: Allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl- tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp- tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatB subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Essential for sperm motility and is involved in the regulation of the beating frequency of motile cilia on the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract (By similarity). Required for the establishment of radial spokes in sperm flagella (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium axoneme Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CFAP206 family.


FUNCTION: Sphingomyelin synthases synthesize the sphingolipid, sphingomyelin, through transfer of the phosphatidyl head group, phosphatidylcholine, on to the primary hydroxyl of ceramide. The reaction is bidirectional depending on the respective levels of the sphingolipid and ceramide. Golgi apparatus SMS1 directly and specifically recognizes the choline head group on the substrate, requiring two fatty chains on the choline-P donor molecule in order to be recognized efficiently as a substrate. Major form in macrophages. Required for cell growth in certain cell types. Suppresses BAX-mediated apoptosis and also prevents cell death in response to stimuli such as hydrogen peroxide, osmotic stress, elevated temperature and exogenously supplied sphingolipids. May protect against cell death by reversing the stress-inducible increase in levels of proapoptotic ceramide (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.


FUNCTION: Lectin involved in innate immunity. Agglutinates all types of human erythrocytes, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Has a stronger agglutinating activity towards Gram-negative bacteria than towards Gram-positive bacteria. Specifically recognizes acetyl group- containing substances on agglutinated cells. The hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by EDTA, acetyl group-containing mono- and disaccharides, N-acetyl derivatives of amino acids, other acetyl group- containing substances, propionamide and benzamide. Enhances the antimicrobial activity of big defensin against Gram-positive bacteria but not against Gram-negative bacteria. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the deamination of various vicinal amino-alcohols to oxo compounds. Allows this organism to utilize ethanolamine as the sole source of nitrogen and carbon in the presence of external vitamin B12. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Bacterial microcompartment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EutC family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) forming two phosphate ions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPase family.


FUNCTION: Cofactor for the transcription factor TCF7. Involved in regulation of lymphoid development by driving multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells towards a T-cell fate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Note=Continuous nuclear export is followed by degradation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MLLT11 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Constituent of mature MICOS complex, it is required for the formation of cristae junction (CJ) and maintenance of cristae morphology. Required for the incorporation of MICOS10/MIC10 into the MICOS complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Enriched at crista junctions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic13 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits high conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (KCNMA) (By similarity). Inhibits Shaker B potassium channels. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short scorpion toxin superfamily. Potassium channel inhibitor family. Alpha-KTx 12 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Interacts with the basal transcription machinery by coordinating the formation of a multiprotein complex at the C-FOS promoter, and linking specific signal responsive activator complexes. Promotes the formation of stable high-order complexes of SRF and PHOX1 and interacts cooperatively with PHOX1 to promote serum-inducible transcription of a reporter gene deriven by the C-FOS serum response element (SRE). Acts as a coregulator for USF1 by binding independently two promoter elements, a pyrimidine-rich initiator (Inr) and an upstream E-box (By similarity). Required for the formation of functional ARID3A DNA-binding complexes and for activation of immunoglobulin heavy-chain transcription upon B-lymphocyte activation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Colocalizes with BTK in the cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TFII-I family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits translesion DNA synthesis by preventing monoubiquitination of PCNA, this is necessary to counteract damage due to ultraviolet light-induced replication stress (PubMed:27906959). SDE2 is cleaved following PCNA binding, and its complete degradation is necessary to allow S-phase progression following DNA damage (PubMed:27906959). FUNCTION: Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis by enabling SNORD3- and SNORD118-dependent cleavage of the 47S rRNA precursor (PubMed:34365507). Binds ncRNA (non-coding RNA) including the snoRNAs SNORD3 and SNORD118 (PubMed:34365507). FUNCTION: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing by facilitating excision of relatively short introns featuring weak 3'-splice sites (ss) and high GC content (PubMed:34365507). May recruit CACTIN to the spliceosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SDE2 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily.


FUNCTION: Responsible for channeling the electrons from the oxidation of dihydroorotate from the FMN redox center in the PyrD type B subunit to the ultimate electron acceptor NAD(+). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PyrK family.


FUNCTION: Protein sialyltransferase specifically expressed in goblet cells that plays a key role in intestinal host-commensal homeostasis (PubMed:35303419). Conjugates sialic acid with an alpha-2-6 linkage to N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) glycan chains linked to serine or threonine in glycoproteins (PubMed:10788794). Catalyzes the formation of the sialyl-Tn (S-Tn) antigen, an antigen found in intestinal goblet cells (PubMed:35303419). Protein sialylation in globlet cells is essential for mucus integrity and is required to protect the intestinal mucus against excessive bacterial proteolytic degradation (PubMed:35303419). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.


FUNCTION: With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy; many suppressors of streptomycin-dependent mutants of protein S12 are found in this protein, some but not all of which decrease translational accuracy (ram, ribosomal ambiguity mutations). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.


FUNCTION: Probable lipase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.


FUNCTION: Replication termination factor which is a component of the elongating replisome. Required for ATR pathway signaling upon DNA damage and has a positive activity during DNA replication. Might function to facilitate fork pausing at replication fork barriers like the rDNA. May be globally required to stimulate ATR signaling after the fork stalls or encounters a lesion. Interacts with nascent DNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Chromosome Note=Localizes at the replication fork. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rtf2 family.


FUNCTION: The specificity (S) subunit of a type I restriction enzyme; this subunit dictates DNA sequence specificity. The M and S subunits together form a methyltransferase (MTase) that methylates A-3 on the top and A-2 on the bottom strand of the sequence 5'-CCAN(5)GTR-3'. In the presence of the R subunit the complex can also act as an endonuclease, binding to the same target sequence but cutting the DNA some distance from this site. Whether the DNA is cut or modified depends on the methylation state of the target sequence. When the target site is unmodified, the DNA is cut. When the target site is hemimethylated, the complex acts as a maintenance MTase modifying the DNA so that both strands become methylated. After locating a non- methylated recognition site, the enzyme complex serves as a molecular motor that translocates DNA in an ATP-dependent manner until a collision occurs that triggers cleavage. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type-I restriction system S methylase family.


FUNCTION: Required for meiotic recombination and cell cycle progression. Binds to single and double-stranded DNA, in the presence of magnesium, and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Promotes DNA strand annealing and strand exchange via DNA recombinase activity and forms helical and stacked ring nucleoprotein filaments. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RecA family. DMC1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays important roles in the regulation of neuronal apoptosis, selective autophagy or cell proliferation. Stimulates the degradation of kinetochore ZW10 interacting protein ZWINT in a proteasome-dependent manner, leading to negative regulation of cell proliferation. Inhibits autophagic degradation of diverse known targets while contributing to autophagy of midbodies. Autophagy-inhibitory activity involves MCL1, which TRIM17 assembles into complexes with the key autophagy regulator BECN1 (By similarity). Controls neuronal apoptosis by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of MCL1 to initiate neuronal death. In addition, regulates NFAT transcription factors NFATC3 and NFATC4 activities by preventing their nuclear localization, thus inhibiting their transcriptional activities. Decreases TRIM41-mediated degradation of ZSCAN2 thereby stimulating alpha-synuclein/SNCA transcription in neuronal cells (By similarity). Prevents the E3 ubiquitin-ligase activity of TRIM28 and its interaction with anti-apoptotic BCL2A1, blocking TRIM28 from ubiquitinating BCL2A1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.


FUNCTION: Plays a central role in autophagy (By similarity). Acts as core subunit of different PI3K complex forms that mediate formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways such as initiation of autophagosomes, maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis (By similarity). Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Mitochondrion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the beclin family.


FUNCTION: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase D subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the POM121 family.


FUNCTION: Destroys superoxide anion radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in both canonical and non-canonical autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the lipidation to ATG8 family proteins (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MAP1LC3C, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP) (PubMed:12665549, PubMed:18849966, PubMed:19898471, PubMed:23392225, PubMed:24553140, PubMed:24954904, PubMed:33586810). Acts as a molecular hub, coordinating autophagy pathways via distinct domains that support either canonical or non-canonical signaling (PubMed:33586810). During canonical autophagy, interacts with ATG12- ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ATG8 proteins, to produce a membrane-bound activated form of ATG8 (By similarity). Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane (By similarity). Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, probably by catalyzing conjugation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to ATG8 (By similarity). Non- canonical autophagy plays a key role in epithelial cells to limit lethal infection by influenza A (IAV) virus (PubMed:33586810). Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production (By similarity). Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response (PubMed:24238340). Instead, promotes an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway together with NOD1 or NOD2 (PubMed:19898471, PubMed:19966812, PubMed:24238340). Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Preautophagosomal structure membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Recruited to omegasomes membranes by WIPI2 (PubMed:24954904). Omegasomes are endoplasmic reticulum connected strutures at the origin of preautophagosomal structures. Localized to preautophagosomal structure (PAS) where it is involved in the membrane targeting of ATG5 (PubMed:24954904). Localizes also to discrete punctae along the ciliary axoneme (PubMed:24954904). Upon activation of non-canonical autophagy, recruited to single- membrane endolysosomal compartments (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat ATG16 family.


FUNCTION: May block potassium channels. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short scorpion toxin superfamily. Potassium channel inhibitor family. Alpha-KTx 23 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome f family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the mRNA-capping methyltransferase RNMT:RAMAC complex that methylates the N7 position of the added guanosine to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Binds RNA containing 5'- terminal GpppC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. mRNA cap 0 methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Activates ribosomal RNA transcription. Plays a direct role in upstream activation of rRNA promoters. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transcriptional regulatory Fis family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serpin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0127 family.


FUNCTION: May function in recognizing stalled ribosomes, interact with stem-loop structures in stalled mRNA molecules, and effect endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA. May play a role in the release non-functional ribosomes and degradation of damaged mRNAs. Has endoribonuclease activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily.


FUNCTION: EMS16 is a potent and selective inhibitor of alpha-2/beta-1 (ITGA2/ITGB1) integrin and acts as a potent antagonist of platelet aggregation and cell migration. Binds specifically to the I domain of the alpha-2 subunit, in a metal ion-independent fashion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snaclec family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex GsiABCD involved in glutathione import. Binds glutathione. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 5 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: The enzymes which catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidine nucleosides are involved in the degradation of these compounds and in their utilization as carbon and energy sources, or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thymidine/pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase family.


FUNCTION: Growth factor that plays an essential role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation, cell migration, survival and chemotaxis. Potent mitogen for cells of mesenchymal origin. Required for normal proliferation and recruitment of pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in the central nervous system, skin, lung, heart and placenta. Required for normal blood vessel development, and for normal development of kidney glomeruli. Plays an important role in wound healing. Signaling is modulated by the formation of heterodimers with PDGFA (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Note=Released by platelets upon wounding. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.


FUNCTION: Involved in maceration and soft-rotting of plant tissue. Hydrolyzes the 1,4-alpha glycosidic bonds of de-esterified pectate in the smooth region of the plant cell wall. FUNCTION: Involved in maceration and soft-rotting of plant tissue. Hydrolyzes the 1,4-alpha glycosidic bonds of de-esterified pectate in the smooth region of the plant cell wall (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be a menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 20 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Required for correct translation termination and probably involved in regulation of hypoxic gene expression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ETT1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism (By similarity). Regulates the activity of its targets by protein-protein interaction in response to the nitrogen status of the cell (By similarity). Regulates the activity of the ammonia channel Amt3 via direct interaction (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P(II) protein family.


FUNCTION: Specific electron transport protein capable of effectively supporting cytochrome P450 MycCI activity in the biosynthesis of mycinamicin, a 16-membered macrolide antibiotic.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA glycosylase MPG family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0208 family.


FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6 (By similarity). Promotes osteoclastogenesis and therefore mediates bone resorption (By similarity). FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 2]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 1]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.


FUNCTION: Interacts with the SecY protein in vivo. May bind preferentially to an uncomplexed state of SecY, thus functioning either as a chelating agent for excess SecY in the cell or as a regulatory factor that negatively controls the translocase function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=Loosely associated with the cytoplasmic side of the inner membrane, probably via SecY. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Syd family.


FUNCTION: Essential component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Preferentially localized to the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat CIA1 family.


FUNCTION: Thioesterase that has relatively broad substrate specificity, hydrolyzing primarily medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA substrates to free fatty acids and CoA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Required in the M3 pharyngeal motor neuron to guide the growth cone of the sister M2 motor neuron during axon development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Does not function as a hemocyanin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tyrosinase family. Hemocyanin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Assembles around the rod to form the L-ring and probably protects the motor/basal body from shearing forces during rotation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Bacterial flagellum basal body. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FlgH family.


FUNCTION: Secreted effector that completely suppresses the host cell death induced by cell death-inducing proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host nucleus Host cytoplasm Note=Localizes to speckle-like structures within the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


FUNCTION: Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that shows a moderate inhibition of ADP-induced human platelet aggregation when tested on platelet rich plasma. Exhibits high hydrolytic activities and prefers the anionic micelles (dPPC with deoxycholate) to the zwitterionic micelles (dPPC with Triton X-100). PLA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group II subfamily. D49 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: D-type phospholipase that hydrolyzes N-acyl- phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) to produce bioactive N- acylethanolamines/fatty acid ethanolamides (NAEs/FAEs) and phosphatidic acid (PubMed:25423491). NAEs are bioactive lipids that are involved in diverse physiological processes such as growth and lifespan (PubMed:21562563, PubMed:25423491). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAPE-PLD family.


FUNCTION: Calcium-binding protein that interacts with rotavirus cell receptors once the initial attachment by VP4 has been achieved. Rotavirus attachment and entry into the host cell probably involves multiple sequential contacts between the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7, and the cell receptors. Following entry into the host cell, low intracellular or intravesicular Ca(2+) concentration probably causes the calcium-stabilized VP7 trimers to dissociate from the virion. This step is probably necessary for the membrane-disrupting entry step and the release of VP4, which is locked onto the virion by VP7. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host endoplasmic reticulum lumen Note=The outer layer contains 780 copies of VP7, grouped as 260 trimers. Immature double-layered particles assembled in the cytoplasm bud across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, acquiring during this process a transient lipid membrane that is modified with the ER resident viral glycoproteins NSP4 and VP7; these enveloped particles also contain VP4. As the particles move towards the interior of the ER cisternae, the transient lipid membrane and the non-structural protein NSP4 are lost, while the virus surface proteins VP4 and VP7 rearrange to form the outermost virus protein layer, yielding mature infectious triple-layered particles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rotavirus VP7 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PdaD family.


FUNCTION: Involved in maintenance of polarized growth and daughter- cell-specific transcription. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Bud Bud neck Bud tip. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZRG8 family.


FUNCTION: Probable disease resistance protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. SerB family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator that specifically binds 5'-GATA-3' or 5'-GAT-3' motifs within gene promoters. May be involved in the regulation of some light-responsive genes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type IV zinc-finger family. Class A subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family.


FUNCTION: Probable GTP-binding protein that may be involved in cell development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. RHD3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Multidrug efflux pump. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.


FUNCTION: May bind integrin alpha-8/beta-1 and play a role in hair follicle morphogenesis. Promotes matrix assembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix, basement membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nephronectin family.


FUNCTION: Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF- Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EF-Ts family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Involved in the transposition of the insertion sequence IS112 which inactivates the SalI restriction-modification system. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transposase 11 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0473 family.


FUNCTION: Shows a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Has also antimicrobial activity against S.cerevisiae. Has insecticidal and non-hemolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ponericin-G family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SH3BGR family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate and then the hydrolysis of 5,10- methenyltetrahydrofolate to 10-formyltetrahydrofolate. This enzyme is specific for NADP. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate and then the hydrolysis of 5,10- methenyltetrahydrofolate to 10-formyltetrahydrofolate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in viral RNA transcription and replication by forming the heterotrimeric polymerase complex together with PB1 and PB2 subunits. The complex transcribes viral mRNAs by using a unique mechanism called cap-snatching. It consists in the hijacking and cleavage of host capped pre-mRNAs. These short capped RNAs are then used as primers for viral mRNAs. The PB2 subunit is responsible for the binding of the 5' cap of cellular pre-mRNAs which are subsequently cleaved after 10-13 nucleotides by the PA subunit that carries the endonuclease activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host nucleus Note=PB1 and PA are transported in the host nucleus as a complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses PA family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of GTP to 2,5-diamino-6- ribosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate (DARP), formate and pyrophosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase II family.


FUNCTION: This protein recognizes C4b and C3b fragments that condense with cell-surface hydroxyl or amino groups when nascent C4b and C3b are locally generated during C4 and c3 activation. Interaction of daf with cell-associated C4b and C3b polypeptides interferes with their ability to catalyze the conversion of C2 and factor B to enzymatically active C2a and Bb and thereby prevents the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade. Inhibits complement activation by destabilizing and preventing the formation of C3 and C5 convertases, which prevents complement damage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the receptors of complement activation (RCA) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dehydration of inosose (2-keto-myo-inositol, 2KMI or 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone) to 3D-(3,5/4)- trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione (D-2,3-diketo-4-deoxy-epi-inositol). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IolE/MocC family.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Acts as an activator of phospholipase C. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the esterification of a number of long chain fatty acids with CoA, resulting in the formation of long-chain fatty acyl- CoA. Myristate (C14) is the most efficiently processed fatty acid, followed by palmitate (C16). Also catalyzes the esterification of stearate (C18) and laurate (C12), but at lower efficiency. Does not catalyze the esterification of the unsaturated fatty acids mysteroleic and palmitoleic acids in vitro. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the morbillivirus protein C family.


FUNCTION: Broad specificity oxidoreductase that catalyzes the NADPH- dependent reduction of a variety of flavins, such as riboflavin, FAD or FMN, methemoglobin and PQQ (pyrroloquinoline quinone). Contributes to heme catabolism and metabolizes linear tetrapyrroles (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of deamido-NAD to form NAD. Uses ammonia as a nitrogen source. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD synthetase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0416 family.


FUNCTION: Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Preferentially, may phosphorylate substrates on threonine residues. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to and stabilizes the activated form of NOTCH1, increases its localization in endosomes and regulates its transcriptional activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Membrane, clathrin-coated pit Presynapse Note=Active when found in clathrin- coated pits at the plasma membrane. In neuronal cells, enriched at presynaptic terminals. In non-neuronal cells, enriched at leading edge of migrating cells (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles. Required both to stabilize the assembly of the exocyst complex and to localize functional exocyst complexes to the leading edge of migrating cells (By similarity). Required for suppression of apoptosis. In late stages of cytokinesis, upon completion of the bridge formation between dividing cells, mediates exocyst recruitment to the midbody to drive abscission (By similarity). Regulates the actin cytoskeleton to play a role in gastrulation or neurulation. During the cleavage stages, the GTP-bound form induces a cortical reaction that affects the localization of pigment granules. Activated by the FGF pathway via ras and ral-GDS, but independently of raf. Directs ralbp1 to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Involved in ligand-dependent receptor mediated endocytosis of the EGF and insulin receptors (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Midbody Note=During late cytokinesis, enriched at the midbody. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in storage lipid mobilization during the growth of higher plant seedling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Glyoxysome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Isocitrate lyase family.


FUNCTION: May play an important role in binding of nucleic acid. More specific for RNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HSP15 family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. Has a role in the recognition of the branch site (5'-UACUAAC-3'), the pyrimidine tract and the 3'-splice site at the 3'-end of introns (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BBP/SF1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthopoxvirus A47 protein family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nitroreductase family.


FUNCTION: Required for polyglutamylation of axonemal tubulin in sensory cilia. Plays a role in anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), the process by which cilia precursors are transported from the base of the cilium to the site of their incorporation at the tip. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell projection, cilium. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TTC30/dfy-1/fleer family.


FUNCTION: Transports riboflavin and roseoflavin (PubMed:17541777, PubMed:22136195, PubMed:28406895). Can also transport FMN and FAD (PubMed:28406895). May confer roseoflavin resistance to S.davawensis, which naturally produces this antibiotic during stationary growth phase (PubMed:22136195). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nicotinamide ribonucleoside (NR) uptake permease (TC 4.B.1) family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator that plays an important role in general stress response. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BolA/IbaG family.


FUNCTION: Essential subunit of the Sec protein translocation channel SecYEG. Clamps together the 2 halves of SecY. May contact the channel plug during translocation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecE/SEC61-gamma family.


FUNCTION: Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to carboxy-S-adenosyl-L-methionine (Cx-SAM). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cx-SAM synthase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Short-chain subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Cleaves phosphorylated sphingoid bases (PSBs), such as sphingosine-1-phosphate, into fatty aldehydes and phosphoethanolamine. Elevates stress-induced ceramide production and apoptosis (By similarity). Required for global lipid homeostasis in liver and cholesterol homeostasis in fibroblasts. Involved in the regulation of pro-inflammatory response and neutrophil trafficking. Modulates neuronal autophagy via phosphoethanolamine production which regulates accumulation of aggregate-prone proteins such as APP (By similarity). Seems to play a role in establishing neuronal contact sites and axonal maintenance (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family. Sphingosine- 1-phosphate lyase subfamily.


FUNCTION: One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, probably blocks exit of the E-site tRNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.


FUNCTION: Substrate-binding subunit of tRNA (adenine-N(1)-)- methyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) in initiator methionyl-tRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRM6/GCD10 family.


FUNCTION: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase- activating proteins (GAP). GTP-binding protein that does not act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. Regulates formation of new microtubules and centrosome integrity. Prevents the TBCD-induced microtubule destruction. Participates in association with TBCD, in the disassembly of the apical junction complexes. Antagonizes the effect of TBCD on epithelial cell detachment and tight and adherens junctions disassembly. Together with ARL2, plays a role in the nuclear translocation, retention and transcriptional activity of STAT3. Component of a regulated secretory pathway involved in Ca(2+)-dependent release of acetylcholine. Required for normal progress through the cell cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Mitochondrion intermembrane space Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion. Note=The complex formed with ARL2BP, ARL2 and SLC25A4 is expressed in mitochondria. Not detected in the Golgi, nucleus and on the mitotic spindle. Centrosome-associated throughout the cell cycle. Not detected to interphase microtubules (By similarity). The complex formed with ARL2BP, ARL2 and SLC25A6 is expressed in mitochondria. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton- dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.


FUNCTION: May directly or indirectly regulate the accessibility of the key branch point intermediate, monoacyl phosphatidylinositol tetramannoside (AcPIM4), to the elongating alpha-1,6 mannosyltransferases which could regulate the lipoarabinomannans (LAMs) biosynthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 5 family.


FUNCTION: Has antibacterial activity against strains of L.monocytogenes, L.lactis, B.subtilis, S.typhi, S.aureus, C.perfringens, E.aerogenes and M.luteus but not against E.coli, S.sonnei, S.pneumoniae, S.faecalis, P.aeruginosa, K.pneumoniae or P.vulgaris. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from an unknown electron donor, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory and/or the photosynthetic chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. Cyanobacterial NDH-1 also plays a role in inorganic carbon-concentration (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I NdhN subunit family.


FUNCTION: Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and is involved in a variety of cellular processes (PubMed:15603741). Has no stringent fatty acid selectivity and in addition to palmitate can also transfer onto target proteins myristate from tetradecanoyl-CoA and stearate from octadecanoyl-CoA (Probable). In the nervous system, plays a role in long term synaptic potentiation by palmitoylating AKAP5 through which it regulates protein trafficking from the dendritic recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane and controls both structural and functional plasticity at excitatory synapses (PubMed:25589740). In dendrites, mediates the palmitoylation of DLG4 when synaptic activity decreases and induces synaptic clustering of DLG4 and associated AMPA-type glutamate receptors (PubMed:15603741). Also mediates the de novo and turnover palmitoylation of RGS7BP, a shuttle for Gi/o-specific GTPase- activating proteins/GAPs, promoting its localization to the plasma membrane in response to the activation of G protein-coupled receptors. Through the localization of these GTPase-activating proteins/GAPs, it also probably plays a role in G protein-coupled receptors signaling in neurons (PubMed:21343290). Also probably plays a role in cell adhesion by palmitoylating CD9 and CD151 to regulate their expression and function. Palmitoylates the endoplasmic reticulum protein CKAP4 and regulates its localization to the plasma membrane. Could also palmitoylate LCK and regulate its localization to the plasma membrane (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic density Postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Translocates to postsynaptic density when synaptic activity decreases. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Alpha toxins bind voltage-independently at site-3 of sodium channels (Nav) and inhibit the inactivation of the activated channels, thereby blocking neuronal transmission. This toxin seems to specifically act on Nav1.6/SCN8A sodium channel (PubMed:31668811). In vitro, it inhibits the proliferation of the prostate cancer cell line DU145 (IC(50)=15 uM). It shows low effect on the adhesion of DU145 cells to fibronectin (at 15 uM) and is inactive on DU145 cells migration (PubMed:31668811). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the long (4 C-C) scorpion toxin superfamily. Sodium channel inhibitor family. Alpha subfamily.


FUNCTION: Incorporated into fibronectin-containing matrix fibers. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration along protein fibers within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Could be important for certain developmental processes and contribute to the supramolecular organization of ECM architecture, in particular to those of basement membranes. Has been implicated in a role in cellular transformation and tumor invasion, it appears to be a tumor suppressor. May play a role in haemostasis and thrombosis owing to its ability to bind fibrinogen and incorporate into clots. Could play a significant role in modulating the neurotrophic activities of APP, particularly soluble APP. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fibulin family.


FUNCTION: Cecropins have lytic and antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Has also activity against fungi. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cecropin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of D-fructose 6- phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. Together with the adjacently encoded sucrose 6'-phosphate phosphorylase, may be involved in a new pathway for the degradation of sucrose. Cannot phosphorylate D- fructose. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MCD family. Mastoparan subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a major role to prevent cellular inhibition of viral genome replication. Assembles an SCF-like E3 ubiquitin ligase complex based on the cellular proteins ELOB, ELOC, CUL5 and RBX1, in cooperation with viral E4orf6. This viral RING-type ligase ubiquitinates cellular substrates and targets them to proteasomal degradation: TP53/p53, LIG4, MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, ITGA3, DAXX and BLM. Degradation of host TP53/p53 activity is essential for preventing E1A-induced TP53 accumulation that would otherwise lead to cell apoptosis and growth arrest. E1B-55K also inactivates TP53 transcription-factor activity by binding its transactivation domain. E1B-55K also functions as a SUMO1 E3 ligase for TP53 which causes the latter to be sequestered in promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies thereby contributing to maximal inhibition of TP53 function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus Host cytoplasm Note=Colocalizes with host TP53 to host PML nuclear bodies. PML localization of E1B-55K is necessary for E1B- 55K-dependent SUMOylation of TP53. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenoviridae E1B 55 kDa protein family.


FUNCTION: May have antimicrobial properties, like most ant linear peptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the formicidae venom precursor-01 superfamily.


FUNCTION: One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.


FUNCTION: Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs). Could act as transcriptional activator or repressor. Formation of heterodimers with Aux/IAA proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ARF family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a transcriptional repressor for zinc finger transcription factors EGR1 and EGR2. Isoform 2 lacks repression ability (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Isoform 2 is not localized to the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAB family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the amidotransfer (transamidation) of the octanoyl moiety from octanoyl-GcvH to the lipoyl domain of the E2 subunit of lipoate-dependent enzymes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the octanoyltransferase LipL family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CMC family.


FUNCTION: This protein is required for primosome-dependent normal DNA replication; it is also involved in inducing stable DNA replication during SOS response. It forms, in concert with DnaB protein and other prepriming proteins DnaC, N, N', N'' a prepriming protein complex on the specific site of the template DNA recognized by protein N' (By similarity). FUNCTION: This protein is required for primosome-dependent normal DNA replication; it is also involved in inducing stable DNA replication during SOS response. It forms, in concert with DnaB protein and other prepriming proteins DnaC, N, N', N'' a prepriming protein complex on the specific site of the template DNA recognized by protein N'. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DnaT family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DnaT family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the selective degradation of mitochondria via autophagy during starvation and at post-log phase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG33 family.


FUNCTION: Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=As unassembled monomer may localize to the endoplasmic reticulum.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding protein which may be involved in spermatogenesis. Required for sperm development, possibly by participating in pre-mRNA splicing in the testis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Heavy metal-associated protein involved in salt tolerance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LIMR family.


FUNCTION: Required for maturation of ribosomal RNAs and formation of the large ribosomal subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus Nucleus, nucleoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family.