FUNCTION: Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation (PubMed:7744004, PubMed:19273597, PubMed:19923322, PubMed:9171063, PubMed:12853446, PubMed:16617111, PubMed:33693784). Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 (PubMed:7744004). Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues (PubMed:7744004). Full- length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth (PubMed:7744004). Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration (PubMed:21317288). Phosphorylates JUN and plays an important role in EGF-induced cell proliferation (PubMed:21177766). Phosphorylates many other substrates including histone H4 to promote assembly of H3.3 and H4 into nucleosomes, BAD, ribosomal protein S6, or MBP (PubMed:21724829). Phosphorylates CASP7, thereby preventing its activity (PubMed:21555521, PubMed:27889207). Additionally, associates with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 to perform kinase-independent functions such as spindle orientation control during mitosis (PubMed:19273597, PubMed:19923322). On the other hand, apoptotic stimuli such as DNA damage lead to caspase-mediated cleavage of PAK2, generating PAK-2p34, an active p34 fragment that translocates to the nucleus and promotes cellular apoptosis involving the JNK signaling pathway (PubMed:9171063, PubMed:12853446, PubMed:16617111). Caspase-activated PAK2 phosphorylates MKNK1 and reduces cellular translation (PubMed:15234964). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [PAK-2p34]: Nucleus Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Membrane; Lipid-anchor Note=Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region (PubMed:15471851). Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane (PubMed:16617111). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2]: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=MYO18A mediates the cellular distribution of the PAK2-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex to the inner surface of the cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex. FUNCTION: May be involved in fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GOT1 family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GOT1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAM149 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 3 of terminal glucuronic acid of both protein- and lipid-linked oligosaccharides. Participates in biosynthesis of HNK-1 carbohydrate structure, a sulfated glucuronyl-lactosaminyl residue carried by many neural recognition molecules, which is involved in cell interactions during ontogenetic development and in synaptic plasticity in the adult (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 2 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in V.cholerae virulence, as its expression is under the control of ToxR, a transcriptional activator of several genes associated with virulence. FUNCTION: May be involved in V.cholerae virulence, as its expression is under the control of ToxR, a transcriptional activator of several genes associated with virulence. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Single-stranded DNA-binding protein recruited to replication forks to maintain genome stability. Prevents fork collapse by antagonizing the accumulation of RAD51 at forks to ensure the proper balance of fork remodeling and protection without interfering with the capacity of cells to complete homologous recombination of double-strand breaks. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Chromosome Note=Recruited to replication forks.


FUNCTION: Transfers a palmitate residue from the sn-1 position of a phospholipid to the N-linked hydroxymyristate on the proximal unit of lipid A or its precursors. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lipid A palmitoyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the protein machinery at the inhibitory synapses, probably acting as a scaffold. Inhibitory synapses dampen neuronal activity through postsynaptic hyperpolarization. This synaptic inhibition is fundamental for the functioning of the central nervous system, shaping and orchestrating the flow of information through neuronal networks to generate a precise neural code. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic density. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the INSYN1 family.


FUNCTION: Also functions as a receptor for bacterial chemotaxis and is required for infection of the cell by bacteriophage lambda where it most likely functions as a pore for penetration of lambda DNA. FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II ManXYZ PTS system is involved in mannose transport. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible reduction of CoM-S-S-CoB to the thiol-coenzymes H-S-CoM (coenzyme M) and H-S-CoB (coenzyme B). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HdrC family.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit B family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of ATP and 5-phosphoribose 1- diphosphate to form N'-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-ATP (PR-ATP). Has a crucial role in the pathway because the rate of histidine biosynthesis seems to be controlled primarily by regulation of HisG enzymatic activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP phosphoribosyltransferase family. Short subfamily.


FUNCTION: Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2 (By similarity). During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), certain forms of short-term synaptic plasticity, as well as homeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability (By similarity). FUNCTION: [BDNF precursor form]: Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2. Activates signaling cascades via the heterodimeric receptor formed by NGFR and SORCS2. Signaling via NGFR and SORCS2 plays a role in synaptic plasticity and long-term depression (LTD). Binding to NGFR and SORCS2 promotes neuronal apoptosis. Promotes neuronal growth cone collapse. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [BDNF precursor form]: Secreted Note=A proportion of BDNF is secreted as immature precursor (proBDNF). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NGF-beta family.


FUNCTION: Transfers the 4'-phosphopantetheine moiety from coenzyme A to a Ser of acyl-carrier-protein. FUNCTION: Transfers the 4'-phosphopantetheine moiety from coenzyme A to a Ser of acyl-carrier-protein (PubMed:16709676, PubMed:21697604). Involved in the post-translational modification of Fas-I and the AcpM subunit of Fas-II (PubMed:21697604). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P-Pant transferase superfamily. AcpS family.


FUNCTION: Dioxygenase that catalyzes the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent selective hydroxylation of free L-proline to cis-4-hydroxy-L-proline (cis-4-Hyp). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the L-proline cis-4-/cis-3-hydroxylase family.


FUNCTION: Probable ion channel inhibitor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 10 (Hwtx-1) family. 06 (F4b) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cell division inhibitor that blocks the formation of polar Z ring septums. Rapidly oscillates between the poles of the cell to destabilize FtsZ filaments that have formed before they mature into polar Z rings. Prevents FtsZ polymerization. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MinC family.


FUNCTION: Removal of H(2)O(2), oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Vacuole Note=Carboxy-terminal extension appears to target the protein to vacuoles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxidase family. Classical plant (class III) peroxidase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of the position 2 hydroxy group of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast Plastid, chromoplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. IspE subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in virion nuclear egress, the first step of virion release from infected cell. Within the host nucleus, NEC1 interacts with the newly formed capsid through the vertexes and directs it to the inner nuclear membrane by associating with NEC2. Induces the budding of the capsid at the inner nuclear membrane as well as its envelopment into the perinuclear space. There, the NEC1/NEC2 complex promotes the fusion of the enveloped capsid with the outer nuclear membrane and the subsequent release of the viral capsid into the cytoplasm where it will reach the secondary budding sites in the host Golgi or trans-Golgi network. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus inner membrane Note=Remains attached to the nucleus inner membrane through interaction with NEC2. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae NEC1 protein family.


FUNCTION: Binds to 23S rRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, cyanelle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.


FUNCTION: This protein is expressed exclusively in posterior mesoderm and ectoderm of early embryos suggesting a possible role in organization of anteroposterior axis.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the addition and repair of the essential 3'- terminal CCA sequence in tRNAs without using a nucleic acid template. Adds these three nucleotides in the order of C, C, and A to the tRNA nucleotide-73, using CTP and ATP as substrates and producing inorganic pyrophosphate. tRNA 3'-terminal CCA addition is required both for tRNA processing and repair. Also involved in tRNA surveillance by mediating tandem CCA addition to generate a CCACCA at the 3' terminus of unstable tRNAs. While stable tRNAs receive only 3'-terminal CCA, unstable tRNAs are marked with CCACCA and rapidly degraded. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family. Bacterial CCA-adding enzyme type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the enzyme cofactor mycofactocin (MFT). Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of AHDP (3- amino-5-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidin-2-one), forming an alpha-keto amide moiety on the resulting molecule, which is called pre-mycofactocin (PMFT). This reaction occurs via a 5-[(4- hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-3-imino-4,4-dimethylpyrrolidin-2-one intermediate, which converts to PMFT. The alpha-keto amide moiety is the redox-active center for the redox activity of mycofactocin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the degradation of connective tissue in chronic lung disease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Elastase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Participates in the expression of late viral mRNAs. Expressed before viral DNA replication, UL95 assembles at the viral pre- replication complexes (pre-RCs) containing the early viral protein UL44. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus Note=Recruited to nuclear replication compartments. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae UL95 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat PWP1 family.


FUNCTION: May participate in nuclear egress of viral particles. Plays a role in the dispersal of several host nucleolar proteins including NCL/nucleolin and NPM1. Since deletion of host NCL/nucleolin negatively impact on nuclear egress, UL24 supposedly acts on this process through its effect on host nucleoli (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host cytoplasm Host nucleus, host nucleolus Host Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae UL24 family.


FUNCTION: Stimulates oocyte maturation by promoting meiotic G2/M progression in resting oocytes, via activation of the MAPK cascade and cdc2-cyclin B. Also activates the kinase activity of cdk2; this activation does not appear necessary for oocyte maturation. Necessary for polyadenylation in oocytes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Speedy/Ringo family.


FUNCTION: Binds to an ommochrome, ommatin D which is a yellow chromophore. May be involved in guiding the chromophore through the hemolymph from the epidermis to the gut.


FUNCTION: Soluble hydrogenase catalyzes both production and consumption of hydrogen from suitable artificial electron donors or acceptors. This subunit catalyzes the tritium-exchange activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: The RecF protein is involved in DNA metabolism; it is required for DNA replication and normal SOS inducibility. RecF binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA. It also seems to bind ATP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RecF family.


FUNCTION: A methylase, recognizes the double-stranded sequence 5'- GRCGYC-3', methylates C-? on both strands, and protects the DNA from cleavage by the HindV endonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin remodeling factors, histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoAs for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation (By similarity). Preferentially uses palmitoleate, oleate and linoleate (By similarity). Preferentially activates arachidonate than epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) or hydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (HETEs). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Mitochondrion outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Peroxisome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Also displays a weak uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity which is not physiologically significant. FUNCTION: Regulates transcriptional attenuation of the pyrimidine nucleotide (pyr) operon by binding in a uridine-dependent manner to specific sites on pyr mRNA. This disrupts an antiterminator hairpin in the RNA and favors formation of a downstream transcription terminator, leading to a reduced expression of downstream genes. FUNCTION: Regulates transcriptional attenuation of the pyrimidine nucleotide (pyr) operon in response to exogenous pyrimidines, probably by binding to specific sites on pyr mRNA. This probably disrupts an antiterminator hairpin in the RNA and favors formation of a downstream transcription terminator, leading to a reduced expression of downstream genes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. PyrR subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. PyrR subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the yop secretion machinery. FUNCTION: Component of the yop secretion machinery. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type III secretion exporter family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in apoptosis. Induces activation of MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades, when overexpressed. Involved in dental enamel formation (PubMed:30506946). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RELT family.


FUNCTION: Component of a beta-galactosidase. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial beta-galactosidase small subunit family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-H subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of helvolic acid, an antibacterial nortriterpenoid (PubMed:19415934, PubMed:19216560, PubMed:29158519). Protostadienol synthase helA cyclizes (3S)-oxidosqualene to (17Z)-protosta-17(20),24- dien-3-beta-ol (protostadienol)(PubMed:19415934, PubMed:19216560, PubMed:29158519). The synthesis of protostadienol is followed by several steps of monooxygenation, dehydrogenation, and acyl transfer to yield the final helvolic acid (PubMed:19216560). Following the cyclization to the tetracyclic protostadienol by helA, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases helB1-mediated and helB2-mediated oxidation at C-4 and C-16, acyltransferase helD2-dependent acetylation of 16-OH, oxidation of C-21 by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase helB4, and short chain dehydrogenase helC-dependent oxidative decarboxylation yield the fusidane skeleton (PubMed:29158519). This intermediate is further modified in three additional steps mediated by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase helB3, the acyltransferase helD1, and the 3-ketosteroid 1-dehydrogenase helE to give helvolic acid (PubMed:19415934, PubMed:19216560, PubMed:29158519). Compared with the late stages in the biosynthesis of helvolic acid, enzymes involved in the early stage modifications act in a relatively strict order (PubMed:29158519). The hydroxylation of C-16 by helB1 and subsequent acetylation by helD2 should occur before the helB3-mediated oxidation of C-21 (PubMed:29158519). C-4 demethylation in fusidane-type antibiotics proceeds in an unusual manner though it is also achieved by oxidative decarboxylation (PubMed:19415934, PubMed:29158519). The methyl group at C-4 beta position is oxidized by helB1 and subsequently removed by the short chain dehydrogenase helC (PubMed:19415934, PubMed:29158519). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant acyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Is believed to be a multifunctional and multicompartmental protein involved in inflammation and infection processes, ribosome biogenesis, protein synthesis in mitochondria, regulation of apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and pre-mRNA splicing. At the cell surface is thought to act as an endothelial receptor for plasma proteins of the complement and kallikrein-kinin cascades. Putative receptor for C1q; specifically binds to the globular 'heads' of C1q thus inhibiting C1; may perform the receptor function through a complex with C1qR/CD93. In complex with cytokeratin-1/KRT1 is a high affinity receptor for kininogen-1/HMWK. Can also bind other plasma proteins, such as coagulation factor XII leading to its autoactivation. May function to bind initially fluid kininogen-1 to the cell membrane. The secreted form may enhance both extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways. It is postulated that the cell surface form requires docking with transmembrane proteins for downstream signaling which might be specific for a cell-type or response. By acting as C1q receptor is involved in chemotaxis of immature dendritic cells and neutrophils and is proposed to signal through CD209/DC-SIGN on immature dendritic cells, through integrin alpha-4/beta-1 during trophoblast invasion of the decidua, and through integrin beta-1 during endothelial cell adhesion and spreading. Signaling involved in inhibition of innate immune response is implicating the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway. Required for protein synthesis in mitochondria. In mitochondrial translation may be involved in formation of functional 55S mitoribosomes; the function seems to involve its RNA- binding activity. May be involved in the nucleolar ribosome maturation process; the function may involve the exchange of FBL for RRP1 in the association with pre-ribosome particles. Involved in regulation of RNA splicing by inhibiting the RNA-binding capacity of SRSF1 and its phosphorylation. Is required for the nuclear translocation of splicing factor U2AF1L4. Involved in regulation of CDKN2A- and HRK-mediated apoptosis. May be involved in regulation of FOXC1 transcriptional activity and NFY/CCAAT-binding factor complex-mediated transcription. May play a role in antibacterial defense. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix Nucleus Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Extracellular side Secreted Cytoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus Note=Seems to be predominantly localized to mitochondria. Secreted by activated lymphocytes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAM33 family.


FUNCTION: May play important roles in selective fasciculation and zone- to-zone projection of the primary olfactory axons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Short]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform Long]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Ribosome-inactivating protein of type 1, inhibits protein synthesis in animal cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribosome-inactivating protein family. Type 1 RIP subfamily.


FUNCTION: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent guanine N(1)- methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine at position 9 (m1G9) in tRNAs. Probably not able to catalyze formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 9 (m1A9) in tRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM10 family.


FUNCTION: Secreted protein cleaved by KEX2 in 8 similar peptides (ECE1- I to ECE1-VIII). Stimulates biofilm formation. FUNCTION: [Candidalysin ECE1-III]: Acts as a cytolytic peptide toxin that directly damages host epithelial membranes, triggers a danger response signaling pathway and activates epithelial immunity (PubMed:35073742). Probably acts similarly to cationic antimicrobial peptide toxins, inducing lesions after binding to target cell membranes and causing an inward current associated with calcium influx (PubMed:35073742). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Candidalysin ECE1-III]: Host cell membrane.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL34 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the enolase family.


FUNCTION: Accessory protein regulating the assembly of the plastid Clp protease system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family.


FUNCTION: The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family.


FUNCTION: Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form (By similarity). Important for iron homeostasis (By similarity). Has ferroxidase activity (By similarity). Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation (By similarity). Also plays a role in delivery of iron to cells (By similarity). Mediates iron uptake in capsule cells of the developing kidney (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ferritin family.


FUNCTION: Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization either through clathrin-dependent endocytosis or through clathrin- and caveolin- independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host apical cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Targeted to the apical plasma membrane in epithelial polarized cells through a signal present in the transmembrane domain. Associated with glycosphingolipid- and cholesterol-enriched detergent-resistant lipid rafts. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses hemagglutinin family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines. Appears to regulate translation by phosphorylating EIF4E, thus increasing the affinity of this protein for the 7-methylguanosine- containing mRNA cap. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 3]: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil at positions 955, 2504 and 2580 in 23S ribosomal RNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase RluA family.


FUNCTION: Secreted effector that completely suppresses the host cell death induced by cell death-inducing proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host cell. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


FUNCTION: During stationary phase, binds the chromosome non- specifically, forming a highly ordered and stable dps-DNA co-crystal within which chromosomal DNA is condensed and protected from diverse damages. It protects DNA from oxidative damage by sequestering intracellular Fe(2+) ion and storing it in the form of Fe(3+) oxyhydroxide mineral, which can be released after reduction. One hydrogen peroxide oxidizes two Fe(2+) ions, which prevents hydroxyl radical production by the Fenton reaction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Dps family.


FUNCTION: Enhances virion budding, by targeting human CD4 and Tetherin/BST2 to proteasome degradation. Degradation of CD4 prevents any unwanted premature interactions between viral Env and its receptor human CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum. Degradation of antiretroviral protein Tetherin/BST2 is important for virion budding, as BST2 tethers new viral particles to the host cell membrane. Mechanistically, Vpu bridges either CD4 or BST2 to BTRC, a substrate recognition subunit of the Skp1/Cullin/F-box protein E3 ubiquitin ligase, induces their ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. The alteration of the E3 ligase specificity by Vpu seems to interfere with the degradation of host IKBKB, leading to NF-kappa-B down-regulation and subsequent apoptosis. Ion channel activity has also been suggested, however, formation of cation-selective channel has been reconstituted ex-vivo in lipid bilayers. It is thus unsure that this activity plays a role in vivo (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in a signal transduction pathway that is activated by changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular environment. Controls osmotic regulation of transcription of target genes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. HOG1 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: FMRFamides and FMRFamide-like peptides are neuropeptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FARP (FMRF amide related peptide) family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Greatly increases the transcriptional activity of PPARG and thyroid hormone receptor on the uncoupling protein promoter. Can regulate key mitochondrial genes that contribute to the program of adaptive thermogenesis. Plays an essential role in metabolic reprogramming in response to dietary availability through coordination of the expression of a wide array of genes involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Acts as a key regulator of gluconeogenesis: stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis by increasing the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, and acting together with FOXO1 to promote the fasting gluconeogenic program (By similarity). Induces the expression of PERM1 in the skeletal muscle in an ESRRA-dependent manner. Also involved in the integration of the circadian rhythms and energy metabolism. Required for oscillatory expression of clock genes, such as BMAL1 and NR1D1, through the coactivation of RORA and RORC, and metabolic genes, such as PDK4 and PEPCK (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, PML body.


FUNCTION: Bactericidal activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Listeria spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp (PubMed:21477375). Has no activity against Lactobacillus salivarius, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus suis (PubMed:21477375). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacteriocin class IIA/YGNGV family.


FUNCTION: F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein. Probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex. The CART complex is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation. Involved in tight junction assembly in epithelial cells probably through interaction with MICALL2. Links MICALL2 to the actin cytoskeleton and recruits it to the tight junctions. May also function as a transcriptional coactivator, stimulating transcription mediated by the nuclear hormone receptors PPARG and RARA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell junction Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, stress fiber Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Note=Localized in cytoplasmic mRNP granules containing untranslated mRNAs. Expressed in the perinuclear rim and manchette structure in early elongating spermatids during spermiogenesis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-actinin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transposase 25 family.


FUNCTION: May help in the organization of the PsaL subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, cyanelle thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaI family.


FUNCTION: Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly. Alters CDC42-induced cell shape changes. In activated T- cells, may play a role in CDC42-mediated F-actin accumulation at the immunological synapse. May play a role in early contractile events in phagocytosis in macrophages. FUNCTION: Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly. Alters CDC42-induced cell shape changes. In activated T- cells, may play a role in CDC42-mediated F-actin accumulation at the immunological synapse. May play a role in early contractile events in phagocytosis in macrophages (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Cell projection, phagocytic cup Note=Recruited to the activated TCR prior actin polymerization. Localizes at the phagocytic cup of macrophages. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Lipid- anchor. Cell projection, phagocytic cup. Note=Recruited to the activated TCR prior actin polymerization. Localizes at the phagocytic cup of macrophages. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDC42SE/SPEC family.


FUNCTION: The GINS complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication. Has a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GINS4/SLD5 family.


FUNCTION: Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met- Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Pre-ribosomal factor involved in 60S ribosomal protein subunit export from the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ECM1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in stimulating the translation of viral mRNAs. These mRNAs are capped but not polyadenylated, instead terminating in a conserved sequence 'GACC' at the 3' that is recognized by NSP3, which competes with host PABPC1 for EIF4G1 binding. The interaction between NSP3 and host EIF4G1 stabilizes the EIF4E-EIF4G1 interaction, thereby facilitating the initiation of capped mRNA translation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rotavirus NSP3 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the M.jannaschii MJ0023/MJ0349/MJ1072/MJ1074/MJ1107/MJECL16 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenoviridae E3A-1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the avian keratin family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex that acts as an regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunit of SCF-type E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes (By similarity). The CSN complex is involved in the regulation of the circadian clock through its control of the stability of the SCF(FWD-1) complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. CSN5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for the maintenance and/or establishment of both the shoot and root meristems, probably by controlling the expression of the meristem genes and of genes required for auxin responses. Involved in the development of the basal pole and in auxin-mediated root and vascular development in the embryo (By similarity). Confers sensitivity to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) probably by promoting viral movement and multiplication via interaction with TuMV VPg (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolytic removal of ribose 5'-monophosphate from nitrogen N6-modified adenosines, the final step of bioactive cytokinin synthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LOG family.


FUNCTION: Possible morphogenetic cytoskeletal element in spermiogenic differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, perinuclear theca, calyx Note=Sperm head cytoskeletal structure tightly associated to the nucleus.


FUNCTION: Magnesium transporter that may mediate the influx of magnesium. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35.5) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of methanethiol, an organosulfur compound known to be produced in substantial amounts by gut bacteria (By similarity). Selenium-binding protein which may be involved in the sensing of reactive xenobiotics in the cytoplasm. May be involved in intra-Golgi protein transport (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytosol Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the selenium-binding protein family.


FUNCTION: Involved in a secretory pathway responsible for the surface presentation of determinants needed for the entry of Salmonella species into mammalian cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type III secretion exporter family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible retro-aldol cleavage of 4-hydroxy-2- ketoheptane-1,7-dioate (HKHD) to pyruvate and succinic semialdehyde. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HpcH/HpaI aldolase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the post-translational modification of the lantibiotic epidermin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane. Note=Possibly associated with, and anchored to, the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. SIMILARITY: To B.subtilis SpaB and L.lactis NisB.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in processing non linear or branched viral DNA intermediates in order to promote the production of mature packaged unit-length linear progeny viral DNA molecules. Exhibits endonuclease and exonuclease activities and accepts both double-stranded and single- stranded DNA as substrate. Exonuclease digestion of DNA is in the 5'-> 3' direction and the products are 5'-monophosphate nucleosides. Additionally, forms a recombinase with the major DNA-binding protein, which displays strand exchange activity. Also acts as a cytoplasmic RNA endonuclease that induces degradation of the majority of the cellular messenger RNAs during early lytic infection. The resulting inhibition of cellular protein synthesis serves to ensure maximal viral gene expression and evasion from host immune response. Internally cleaves host mRNAs which are then degraded by the cellular exonuclease XRN1. Bypasses therefore the regulatory steps of deadenylation and decapping normally required for XRN1 activation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae alkaline nuclease family.


FUNCTION: Probable promoter-specific protein mediating the interaction between DNA and RNA polymerase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast.


FUNCTION: Part of the tripartite complex that is required for the CDT activity. CdtC, along with CdtA, probably forms a heterodimeric subunit required for the delivery of CdtB. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor.


FUNCTION: Structural component of the 12 appendages that hang from the lower collar. Adhesion protein that binds to the host cell surface during virus attachment and mediates teichoic acids degradation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Note=Present in 36 copies in the virion.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.


FUNCTION: Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The V-type alpha chain is a catalytic subunit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cystatin family.


FUNCTION: Endonuclease that cooperates with the MRN complex in processing meiotic and mitotic double-strand breaks by allowing the endonucleolytic removal of rec12 from the break sites and ensuring both resection and intrachromosomal association of the broken ends. Required for the formation of RPA-coated single strand DNA adjacent to the DSBs where it functions together with the MRN complex in 5'- 3' resection. Required for the repair of programmed meiotic DSBs. Involved also in an rhp51 recombinase-dependent recombinational repair pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Accumulates at DSBs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COM1/SAE2/CtIP family.


FUNCTION: Required for proper assembly of pre-ribosomal particles during the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. SPB1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Specific down-regulator of the NEDD8 conjugation system. Recruits NEDD8, UBD, and their conjugates to the proteasome for degradation. Isoform 1 promotes the degradation of NEDD8 more efficiently than isoform 2. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Predominantly nuclear.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phospho group of ATP to thymidine to generate dTMP in the salvage pathway of pyrimidine synthesis. The dTMP serves as a substrate for DNA polymerase during viral DNA replication. Allows the virus to be reactivated and to grow in non-proliferative cells lacking a high concentration of phosphorylated nucleic acid precursors. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae thymidine kinase family.


FUNCTION: [PEN]: Endogenous ligand for GPR171. Neuropeptide involved in the regulation of feeding. FUNCTION: [Big LEN]: Endogenous ligand for GPR171. Neuropeptide involved in the regulation of feeding. FUNCTION: May function in the control of the neuroendocrine secretory pathway. Proposed be a specific endogenous inhibitor of PCSK1. ProSAAS and Big PEN-LEN, both containing the C-terminal inhibitory domain, but not the further processed peptides reduce PCSK1 activity in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. It reduces the activity of the 84 kDa form but not the autocatalytically derived 66 kDa form of PCSK1. Subsequent processing of proSAAS may eliminate the inhibition. Slows down convertase-mediated processing of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin. May control the intracellular timing of PCSK1 rather than its total level of activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network Note=A N-terminal processed peptide, probably Big SAAS or Little SAAS, is accumulated in cytoplasmic protein tau deposits in frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (Pick disease), Alzheimer disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis- parkinsonism/dementia complex 1 (Guam disease).


FUNCTION: Has a role in pre-mRNA splicing and is essential for growth. Phosphorylates srp1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 family.


FUNCTION: Converts the free carboxyl group of a malonyl-thioester to its methyl ester by transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L- methionine (SAM). It allows to synthesize pimeloyl-ACP via the fatty acid synthetic pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.


FUNCTION: Transmembrane protein which can modulate activity of various signaling pathways, probably via binding to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 (PubMed:18366072, PubMed:22492581, PubMed:29702220). Mediates heterophilic cell-cell interactions in vitro (PubMed:18366072). Inhibits osteoclastogenesis downstream of TNFSF11/RANKL and CSF1, where it may function by attenuating signaling via integrin ITGB3 and MAP kinase p38 (PubMed:22492581). Plays a role in cartilage formation where it promotes proliferation and maturation of growth plate chondrocytes (PubMed:29702220). Stimulates formation of primary cilia in chondrocytes (PubMed:29702220). Enhances expression of genes involved in the hedgehog signaling pathway in chondrocytes, including the hedgehog signaling molecule IHH; may also promote signaling via the PTHLH/PTHrP pathway (PubMed:29702220). Plays a role in angiogenesis where it suppresses migration of endothelial cells and also promotes their apoptosis (By similarity). Inhibits VEGF-induced activation of AKT and p38 MAP kinase in endothelial cells (By similarity). Also inhibits VTN (vitronectin)-mediated integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 signaling and activation of PTK2/FAK (By similarity). May play a role in the maturation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier (PubMed:14603461). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell junction, tight junction Cytoplasm Cell projection, cilium membrane Nucleus Note=Primarily localizes to the cell membrane (PubMed:18366072). Detected in the cilium of primary chondrocytes (PubMed:29702220). Highly expressed at areas of cell-cell contact and may localize to tight junctions (PubMed:18366072). Also found in the nucleus where it is detected in the soluble (as opposed to chromatin-bound) fraction (PubMed:18366072).


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TM2 family.


FUNCTION: Participates in the detoxification process. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carboxylate-amine ligase family. Glutamate-- cysteine ligase type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for normal acrosome reaction and for normal male fertility (By similarity). Can bind Cu(2+) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prion family.


FUNCTION: Binds to sodium channels (Nav) and inhibits the inactivation of the activated channels, thereby blocking neuronal transmission. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the long (4 C-C) scorpion toxin superfamily. Sodium channel inhibitor family. Beta subfamily.


FUNCTION: This vanadium-iron protein is part of the nitrogenase complex that catalyzes the key enzymatic reactions in nitrogen fixation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NifD/NifK/NifE/NifN family.


FUNCTION: Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase holoenzyme provides the precursors necessary for viral DNA synthesis. Allows virus growth in non-dividing cells. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.


FUNCTION: Plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (By similarity). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (By similarity). Directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements (By similarity). Associates with secondary piRNAs antisense and PIWIL2/MILI is required for such association (By similarity). The piRNA process acts upstream of known mediators of DNA methylation (By similarity). Does not show endonuclease activity (By similarity). Plays a key role in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle, by acting as a 'slicer-incompetent' component that loads cleaved piRNAs from the 'slicer-competent' component PIWIL2 and target them on genomic transposon loci in the nucleus (By similarity). May be involved in the chromatin-modifying pathway by inducing 'Lys-9' methylation of histone H3 at some loci (PubMed:17544373). In addition to its role in germline, PIWIL4 also plays a role in the regulation of somatic cells activities. Plays a role in pancreatic beta cell function and insulin secretion (By similarity). Involved in maintaining cell morphology and functional integrity of retinal epithelial through Akt/GSK3alpha/beta signaling pathway (PubMed:28025795). When overexpressed, acts as an oncogene by inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of cells proliferation in tumors (PubMed:22483988). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Probable component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. PIWIL2/MILI is required for nuclear localization (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome.


FUNCTION: Regulates the traffic and/or budding of caveolae (PubMed:19262564). Plays a role in caveola formation in a tissue- specific manner. Required for the formation of caveolae in smooth muscle but not in the lung and heart endothelial cells. Regulates the equilibrium between cell surface-associated and cell surface- dissociated caveolae by promoting the rapid release of caveolae from the cell surface. Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock. Modulates the period length and phase of circadian gene expression and also regulates expression and interaction of the core clock components PER1/2 and CRY1/2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Membrane, caveola Cytoplasm, cytosol Note=Localizes in the caveolae in a caveolin-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CAVIN family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for the succinyl substitution of periplasmic glucans. Could catalyze the transfer of succinyl residues from the cytoplasmic side of the membrane to the nascent glucan backbones on the periplasmic side of the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyltransferase 3 family. OpgC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TFIIE alpha subunit family.


FUNCTION: GP2 acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in GP2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide (By similarity). FUNCTION: GP1 is responsible for binding to the receptor(s) on target cells. Interacts with CD209/DC-SIGN and CLEC4M/DC-SIGNR which act as cofactors for virus entry into the host cell. Binding to CD209 and CLEC4M, which are respectively found on dendritic cells (DCs), and on endothelial cells of liver sinusoids and lymph node sinuses, facilitate infection of macrophages and endothelial cells. These interactions not only facilitate virus cell entry, but also allow capture of viral particles by DCs and subsequent transmission to susceptible cells without DCs infection (trans infection) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [GP2]: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=In the cell, localizes to the plasma membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent the assembly and budding site. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [GP1]: Virion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=GP1 is not anchored to the viral envelope, but forms a disulfid-linked complex with the extravirion surface GP2. In the cell, both GP1 and GP2 localize to the plasma membrane lipid rafts, which probably represent the assembly and budding site. GP1 can also be shed after proteolytic processing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the filoviruses glycoprotein family.


FUNCTION: A methylase, recognizes the double-stranded sequence 5'-GCGC- 3', methylates C-2 on both strands, and protects the DNA from cleavage by the HhaI endonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex PotABCD involved in spermidine/putrescine import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Spermidine/putrescine importer (TC 3.A.1.11.1) family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell survival. The upstream activator of MAPK7 is the MAPK kinase MAP2K5. Upon activation, it translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates various downstream targets including MEF2C. EGF activates MAPK7 through a Ras-independent and MAP2K5-dependent pathway. May have a role in muscle cell differentiation. May be important for endothelial function and maintenance of blood vessel integrity. MAP2K5 and MAPK7 interact specifically with one another and not with MEK1/ERK1 or MEK2/ERK2 pathways. Phosphorylates SGK1 at Ser-78 and this is required for growth factor-induced cell cycle progression (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of p53/TP53 by disrupting the PML-MDM2 interaction (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Nucleus, PML body Note=Translocates to the nucleus upon activation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Possesses carboxylesterase activity in vitro. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 2 family.


FUNCTION: Cell adhesion molecule involved in associative learning and memory (PubMed:18381821, PubMed:25035490, PubMed:19287492, PubMed:29529030). Acts as a regulator of GABAergic synaptic transmission at neuromuscular junctions by regulating GABA synaptic vesicle precursor transport: possibly functions as a cargo adapter for unc-104-mediated transport of synaptic vesicle precursors (PubMed:29529030). Promotes localization of isoform c of daf-2 (daf-2c) to synaptic regions by acting as a signaling adapter between klc-2 and daf-2c (PubMed:25035490). FUNCTION: [Isoform a]: Acts as aregulator of glutamate signaling in the sensory neurons by inhibiting the activity of command interneurons, thereby negatively regulating motor circuit activity and locomotion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Secreted calsyntenin-1]: Secreted Synaptic cleft Note=Released in the extracellular space following proteolytic cleavage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Perikaryon Cell projection, axon. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calsyntenin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in immune evasion by helping bacteria to resist complement-mediated killing by neutrophils. Inhibits the deposition of host C3b on bacterial surfaces and the release of the chemoattractant C5a by cleaving the central complement protein C3. The cleavage site renders the C3b molecule vulnerable to proteolytic degradation by host regulators (PubMed:21502375). Cleaves and inactivates host SERPINA1, which is an endogenous protease inhibitor essential for controlling neutrophil serine protease elastase (PubMed:3533918). Also plays an essential role in the cleavage and subsequent activation of the serine protease SspA (glutamyl endopeptidase) which is involved in colonization and infection of human tissues (PubMed:17878159). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M4 family.


FUNCTION: Outer membrane channel protein allowing the entry of N- acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the most abundant sialic acid on host cell surfaces) into the bacteria (Probable). NanC proteins form high- conductance channels which are open at low membrane potentials and which have a weak anion selectivity. FUNCTION: Outer membrane channel protein allowing the entry of N- acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac, the most abundant sialic acid on host cell surfaces) into the bacteria. NanC proteins form high-conductance channels which are open at low membrane potentials and which have a weak anion selectivity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the oligogalacturonate-specific porin KdgM (TC 1.B.35) family. NanC subfamily.


FUNCTION: May play an immunoevasive role in the pathogenesis of Marek's disease. It is a candidate for causing the early-stage immunosuppression that occurs after MDHV infection. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Host cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Note=Predominantly secreted. Secreted, but a small amount of mature GP57-65 is anchored in the plasma membrane or held by other interactions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae glycoprotein C family.


FUNCTION: Inorganic phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate antiporter. May transport cytoplasmic glucose-6-phosphate into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and translocate inorganic phosphate into the opposite direction. Independent of a lumenal glucose-6-phosphatase. May not play a role in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Organophosphate:Pi antiporter (OPA) (TC 2.A.1.4) family.


FUNCTION: Binds and inhibits muscular and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Ancestral subfamily. Orphan group IV sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Histone methyltransferase, which in complex with zfp-1, methylates 'Lys-79' of histone H3 to activate transcription (Probable). During stress, the zfp-1-dot-1.1 complex also plays a role in the deubiquitination of histone H2B sites, which negatively modulates the RNA polymerase II-induced transcription of highly expressed genes (PubMed:23806335). Involved in controlling tissue-specific gene expression, particularly in the epidermis (PubMed:31088904). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=zfp-1 and dot-1.1 colocalize to promoters of highly expressed genes (PubMed:23806335). zfp-1 recruits dot-1.1 (PubMed:23806335). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. DOT1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 39 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis. May contribute to the recycling of adenine into adenylate nucleotides and the inactivation of cytokinins by phosphoribosylation. Possesses low activity toward adenine, but can efficiently convert cytokinins from free bases (active form) to the corresponding nucleotides (inactive form). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Probable oxidoreductase that may play a role as regulator of mitochondrial function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix Note=The import into mitochondria is dependent on TOMM40 and TIMM23. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carotenoid/retinoid oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds cotranscriptionally to the 5'-cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing and RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi). The CBC complex is involved in miRNA-mediated RNA interference via its interaction with Ars2 and is required for primary microRNAs (miRNAs) processing. Also involved in innate immunity via the short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) processing machinery by restricting the viral RNA production. In the CBC complex, Cbp80 does not bind directly capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA) but is required to stabilize the movement of the N-terminal loop of Cbp20 and lock the CBC into a high affinity cap-binding state with the cap structure (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NCBP1 family.


FUNCTION: Structural protein of the sulfur globules, which are intracellular globules that serve for sulfur storage in purple sulfur bacteria. SIMILARITY: To T.roseopersicina TR2.


FUNCTION: As part of the CRL3 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; polyubiquitylates monoubiquitylated RNA polymerase II subunit RPO21 to trigger its proteolysis; plays a role in global genomic repair (PubMed:19920177). Prevents degradation of interacting proteins like PCL6 by the proteasome (PubMed:11864988). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SKP1 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA- precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Also functions as a cell surface receptor for laminin. Plays a role in cell adhesion to the basement membrane and in the consequent activation of signaling transduction pathways. May play a role in cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=67LR is found at the surface of the plasma membrane, with its C-terminal laminin-binding domain accessible to extracellular ligands. 37LRP is found at the cell surface, in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for formate dehydrogenase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FdhE family.


FUNCTION: Component of the dark-operative protochlorophyllide reductase (DPOR) that uses Mg-ATP and reduced ferredoxin to reduce ring D of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to form chlorophyllide a (Chlide). This reaction is light-independent. The NB-protein (ChlN-ChlB) is the catalytic component of the complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ChlB/BchB/BchZ family.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in amino acid transport by acting as binding partner of amino acid transporters SLC6A18 and SLC6A19, regulating their trafficking on the cell surface and their activity (PubMed:17167413, PubMed:16985211). May also play a role in trafficking of amino acid transporters SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 to the renal cortical cell membrane (PubMed:16985211). Regulator of SNARE complex function (PubMed:16330323). Stimulator of beta cell replication (PubMed:16330324). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Localizes to the brush border membranes of cells in the proximal tubules of kidney (PubMed:17167413). Colocalizes with SLC6A19 in the early proximal S1 tubule (PubMed:17167413). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CLTRN family.


FUNCTION: Major actin filament stabilizing factor and regulator of actin dynamics. Binds actin and actin filament bundles in a Ca(2+)- insensitive manner, but caps the barbed end of actin filaments and is able to sever them in a calcium-dependent manner. Required for the construction of actin collars in pollen tubes. Acts synergistically with VLN2 (AC O81644) to regulate polarized pollen tube growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Note=Present in the apical and subapical regions of pollen tubes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family.


FUNCTION: Heme-binding protein which promotes neuronal but not astrocyte differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome b5 family. MAPR subfamily.


FUNCTION: Covalently attaches a chromophore to Cys residue(s) of phycobiliproteins. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CpcT/CpeT biliprotein lyase family.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of a potassium efflux system that confers protection against electrophiles. Required for full activity of KefC. Shows redox enzymatic activity, but this enzymatic activity is not required for activation of KefC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family. KefF subfamily.


FUNCTION: An NADH:FMN oxidoreductase which supplies reduced FMN for the '4S' desulfurization pathway that removes covalently bound sulfur from dibenzothiophene (DBT) without breaking carbon-carbon bonds (PubMed:9634856, PubMed:20349330). Provides DszA and DszC (DBTO2- monooxygenase and DBT-monooxygenase respectively) with reduced flavin (FMN); has no activity on NADPH or FAD (PubMed:9634856). The pathway substrate specificity has been augmented using mutagenesis, however no mutations allowed use of alkylated thiophenes (PubMed:11823208). FUNCTION: An NADH:FMN oxidoreductase which supplies reduced FMN for the '4S' desulfurization pathway that removes covalently bound sulfur from dibenzothiophene (DBT) without breaking carbon-carbon bonds. Provides DszA and DszC (DBTO2-monooxygenase and DBT-monooxygenase respectively) with reduced flavin (FMN). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-flavoprotein flavin reductase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gluconokinase GntK/GntV family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P2-like viruses major capsid protein family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has activity toward EA2 peptide substrate, but has a weak activity toward Muc2 or Muc1b substrates (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in G protein-linked signaling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GIPC family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2A family.


FUNCTION: Hormone induced following exercise or cold exposure that promotes energy expenditure. Induced either in the skeletal muscle after exercise or in adipose tissue following cold exposure and is present in the circulation. Able to stimulate energy expenditure associated with the browning of the white fat depots and improves glucose tolerance (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the meteorin family.


FUNCTION: Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels. Preferentially hydrolyzes acetyl-CoA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol.


FUNCTION: Probable adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent tRNA (uracil-O(2)-)-methyltransferase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRM44 family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional repressor of the nikABCDE operon. Is active in the presence of excessive concentrations of intracellular nickel (By similarity). FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transcriptional regulatory CopG/NikR family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transcriptional regulatory CopG/NikR family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DAD/OST2 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0370 family.


FUNCTION: Secreted protein that plays a role in the inhibition of host immune system. Targets myeloid cells such as monocytes or granulocytes through binding with sialyllactosamine-containing glycoproteins (PubMed:18045383). Prevents initial rolling of neutrophils toward the site of infection by interacting with host SELPLG (PubMed:18045383). Disrupts neutrophil motility by induction of cell adhesion via interacting with glycans but independently of SELPLG (PubMed:30862940). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the staphylococcal/streptococcal toxin family.


FUNCTION: Probably participates in a plant defense mechanism. Has low hemolytic activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclotide family. Moebius subfamily.


FUNCTION: Along with seryl-phosphorylated HPr, phosphorylated Crh is implicated in carbon catabolite repression (CCR) of levanase, inositol dehydrogenase, and beta-xylosidase. Exerts its effect on CCR by interacting with CcpA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HPr family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 20 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen. Regulates intracellular CTP levels through interactions with the four ribonucleotide triphosphates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Localizes to the cytoophidium, a short subcellular filamentary structure where CTP synthase is compartmentalized. Only a few cells form cytoophidia under standard growth conditions, they are observed in late log phase. Stress conditions such as treatment with 50 uM 6-diazo- 5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON, an inhibitor) or growth at low salt (1.5 M instead of the usual 3.4 M) also induces their appearance. In all these conditions cells are barely growing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CTP synthase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BCP1 family.


FUNCTION: May have a protective function during conditions of oxidative stress. May be involved in intracellular oxygen storage or transfer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the globin family.


FUNCTION: A probable chromatin protein, binds double-strand DNA without sequence specificity. Constrains negative DNA supercoils. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Cren7 family.


FUNCTION: Stabilizes the manganese cluster which is the primary site of water splitting. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane Note=Associated with the photosystem II complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbO family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.


FUNCTION: May possess a function in tumorigenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=When overexpressed.


FUNCTION: Part of the phosphate (Pho) regulon, which plays a key role in phosphate homeostasis. Encoded together with proteins of the phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system in the polycistronic pstSCAB- phoU operon. PhoU is essential for the repression of the Pho regulon at high phosphate conditions. In this role, it may bind, possibly as a chaperone, to PhoR, PhoB or a PhoR-PhoB complex to promote dephosphorylation of phospho-PhoB, or inhibit formation of the PhoR- PhoB transitory complex (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PhoU family.


FUNCTION: The dimeric enzyme acts as an E1 ligase for sumo. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of sumo and formation of a thioester with a conserved cysteine residue on sae2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.


FUNCTION: Hemolymph antibacterial protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the attacin/sarcotoxin-2 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in glucose metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the insulin family.


FUNCTION: May act as a scaffolding protein within caveolar membranes. Interacts directly with G-protein alpha subunits and can functionally regulate their activity. Acts as an accessory protein in conjunction with CAV1 in targeting to lipid rafts and driving caveolae formation. The Ser-36 phosphorylated form has a role in modulating mitosis in endothelial cells. Positive regulator of cellular mitogenesis of the MAPK signaling pathway. Required for the insulin-stimulated nuclear translocation and activation of MAPK1 and STAT3, and the subsequent regulation of cell cycle progression (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Membrane, caveola; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=Potential hairpin-like structure in the membrane. Membrane protein of caveolae. Tyr-19-phosphorylated form is enriched at sites of cell-cell contact and is translocated to the nucleus in complex with MAPK1 in response to insulin. Tyr-27-phosphorylated form is located both in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Ser-36- phosphorylated form resides in intracellular compartments (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the caveolin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.


FUNCTION: Required for efficient N-glycosylation. Necessary for maintaining optimal levels of dolichol-linked oligosaccharides. Hydrolyzes dolichyl pyrophosphate at a very high rate and dolichyl monophosphate at a much lower rate. Does not act on phosphatidate (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dolichyldiphosphatase family.


FUNCTION: Possibly the antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0330 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: In epithelial cells, the heterodimer gE/gI is required for the cell-to-cell spread of the virus, by sorting nascent virions to cell junctions. Once the virus reaches the cell junctions, virus particles can spread to adjacent cells extremely rapidly through interactions with cellular receptors that accumulate at these junctions. Implicated in basolateral spread in polarized cells. In neuronal cells, gE/gI is essential for the anterograde spread of the infection throughout the host nervous system. Together with US9, the heterodimer gE/gI is involved in the sorting and transport of viral structural components toward axon tips (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell junction Host Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Host endosome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. It is probably transported to the cell surface from where it is endocytosed and directed to the trans-Golgi network (TGN), maybe through an interaction with PACS-1 sorting protein. The heterodimer gE/gI then redistributes to cell junctions to promote cell-cell spread later in the infection (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alphaherpesvirinae glycoprotein E family.


FUNCTION: Protein kinase that acts as a blue light photoreceptor in a signal-transduction pathway for photo-induced movements. Phosphorylates BLUS1, a kinase involved in stomatal opening. Required for blue light mediated mRNA destabilization. Mediates calcium spiking of extracellular origin in response to a low rate of blue light. Also mediates rapid membrane depolarization and growth inhibition in response to blue light. Necessary for root phototropism. Involved in hypocotyl phototropism under a low rate but not under a high rate of blue light. Contributes to the chloroplast accumulation but seems not to be required for chloroplast translocation. Regulates stomata opening and photomorphogenesis response of leaf tissue. Confers sensitivity to drought. Not involved in hypocotyl elongation inhibition, anthocyanin accumulation or cotyledon opening. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex that acts by directly joining spliced tRNA halves to mature-sized tRNAs by incorporating the precursor-derived splice junction phosphate into the mature tRNA as a canonical 3',5'-phosphodiester. May act as an RNA ligase with broad substrate specificity, and may function toward other RNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Enters into the nucleus in case of active transcription while it accumulates in cytosol when transcription level is low. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RtcB family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate. It is essential for the degradation of carbohydrates via glycolysis (By similarity). Binds plasminogen and human salivary mucin MG2 when expressed on the bacterial cell surface, potentially allowing the bacterium to acquire surface-associated proteolytic activity that may help the dissemination through oral tissues and entrance into the blood stream. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Secreted Cell surface Note=Fractions of enolase are present in both the cytoplasm and on the cell surface. The export of enolase possibly depends on the covalent binding to the substrate; once secreted, it remains attached to the bacterial cell surface. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the enolase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the export of flagellum proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FHIPEP (flagella/HR/invasion proteins export pore) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of 5-formyl-H(4)MPT to methenyl-H(4)MPT(+). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MCH family.


FUNCTION: Required for extrapulmonary dissemination. Mediates adherence to epithelial cells by binding to sulfated glycoconjugates present at the surface of these cells; binds heparin, dextran sulfate, fucoidan and chondroitin sulfate. Promotes hemagglutination of erythrocytes of certain host species. Induces mycobacterial aggregation. FUNCTION: Required for extrapulmonary dissemination. Mediates adherence to epithelial cells by binding to sulfated glycoconjugates present at the surface of these cells; binds heparin, dextran sulfate, fucoidan and chondroitin sulfate. Promotes hemagglutination of erythrocytes of certain host species. Induces mycobacterial aggregation. FUNCTION: Required for extrapulmonary dissemination. Mediates adherence to epithelial cells by binding to sulfated glycoconjugates present at the surface of these cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell surface. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell surface. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell surface. SIMILARITY: To M.leprae HbhA.


FUNCTION: Exhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC) enhancer properties. May play a role in cell cycle progression and wound repair of bronchial epithelial cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Overexpressed protein with an N-terminal His tag has been reported not to hydrolyze glutathione; it is not clear if the construct is processed to 2 subunits (PubMed:14762019). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Probable membrane-associated metalloprotease that may be involved in chloroplast development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M50B family.


FUNCTION: Prenyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of the geranylgeranyl moiety of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the C3 hydroxyl of sn-glycerol-1-phosphate (G1P). This reaction is the first ether-bond-formation step in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GGGP/HepGP synthase family. Group I subfamily.


FUNCTION: Centriole-enriched microtubule-binding protein involved in centriole biogenesis. In collaboration with CEP295 and POC1B, is required for the centriole-to-centrosome conversion by ensuring the formation of bona fide centriole wall (PubMed:32060285). Functions as a linker component that maintains centrosome cohesion. Associates with CROCC and regulates its stability and localization to the centrosome (PubMed:31974111). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole Midbody Note=Localizes to the proximal end of mother and daughter centrioles.


FUNCTION: Proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that mediates the transmembrane transport of L-histidine and some di- and tripeptides from inside the lysosome to the cytosol, and plays a key role in innate immune response (PubMed:9092568). Able to transport a variety of di- and tripeptides, including carnosine and some peptidoglycans (By similarity). Transporter activity is pH-dependent and maximized in the acidic lysosomal environment (PubMed:9092568). Involved in the detection of microbial pathogens by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD- like receptors (NLRs), probably by mediating transport of bacterial peptidoglycans across the endolysosomal membrane: catalyzes the transport of certain bacterial peptidoglycans, such as muramyl dipeptide (MDP), the NOD2 ligand, and L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso- 2,6-diaminoheptanedioate (tri-DAP), the NOD1 ligand. Required for TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9-mediated type I interferon (IFN-I) productions in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Independently of its transporter activity, also promotes the recruitment of innate immune adapter TASL to endolysosome downstream of TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9: TASL recruitment leads to the specific recruitment and activation of IRF5 (By similarity). Required for isotype class switch recombination to IgG2c isotype in response to TLR9 stimulation. Required for mast cell secretory-granule homeostasis by limiting mast cell functions and inflammatory responses (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton- dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.


FUNCTION: One of the two proteins required for the splicing of precursor tRNA molecules containing introns. The ligation activity requires three enzymatic activities: phosphorylation of the 5' terminus of the 3' half-tRNA in the presence of ATP, opening of the 2'3'-cyclic phosphodiester bond of the 5' half-tRNA leaving a 2'-phosphomonoester and ligation of the two tRNA halves in an ATP-dependent reaction. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRL1 family.


FUNCTION: The terminase large subunit acts as an ATP driven molecular motor necessary for viral DNA translocation into empty capsids and as an endonuclease that cuts the viral genome to initiate and to end a packaging reaction The terminase lies at a unique vertex of the procapsid and is composed of two subunits, a small terminase subunit involved in viral DNA recognition (packaging sequence), and a large terminase subunit possessing endonucleolytic and ATPase activities. Both terminase subunits heterooligomerize and are docked on the portal protein to form the packaging machine. The terminase large subunit exhibits endonuclease activity and cleaves the viral genome concatemer. Once the capsid is packaged with the DNA, the terminase complex is substituted by the tail. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Tequatrovirus large terminase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL20 family.


FUNCTION: Acts in the modification of cell walls via demethylesterification of cell wall pectin (By similarity). Demethylates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that have been reversibly carboxymethylated by LCMT1. Acts as negative regulators of genes involved in salt stress response (PubMed:28741704). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall Golgi apparatus membrane Note=Cleaved in the Golgi apparatus by SBT6.1 (S1P) after the Arg-Arg-Leu-Met (RRLM) and Arg-Arg-Leu-Leu (RRLL) motifs. This processing is required for extracellular targeting. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the pectinesterase family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the PMEI family.


FUNCTION: Extracellular pH-and Na(+)-sensitive low-affinity creatine transporter. Functions also as a pH-independent carnitine efflux transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.


FUNCTION: Transcription repressor that specifically binds the 5'- GGAG[GA]A[GA]A-3' consensus sequence. Represses transcription by recruiting the chromatin multiprotein complex NuRD to target promoters. Negatively regulates expression of EGFR, a gene involved in cell proliferation, survival and migration (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Inhibitor of cysteine proteases. May protect the plant by inhibiting proteases of invading organisms. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I3 (leguminous Kunitz- type inhibitor) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of xylo-oligomers to xylose units and plays an important role in xylan degradation. Can also perform the transglycosylation of xylose and alcohol. Has no endoglucanase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PyrK family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PNMA family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0367 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DIPK family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.


FUNCTION: Capsid protein self assembles to form an icosahedral capsid with a T=3 symmetry, about 38 nm in diameter, and consisting of 180 capsid proteins. A smaller form of capsid with a diameter of 23 nm might be capsid proteins assembled as icosahedron with T=1 symmetry. The capsid encapsulate the genomic RNA and VP2 proteins. Attaches virion to target cells by binding to feline junctional adhesion molecule A (F11R) and/or to alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid. Once attached, the virion is endocytosed. Acidification of the endosome induces conformational change of capsid protein thereby injecting virus genomic RNA into host cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the caliciviridae capsid protein family.


FUNCTION: This cocoon shell-associated protein inhibits trypsin Activity by forming a low-dissociation complex with trypsin. May play an important part in regulating proteolytic activity in the silk gland or protecting silk proteins from degradation during histolysis.


FUNCTION: Directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codon UGA. Required for the proper translation, stability and normal processing of UGA-containing polycistronic transcripts in chloroplasts. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.


FUNCTION: This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. Transports calcium ions from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Contributes to calcium sequestration involved in muscular excitation/contraction (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cleaves the beta-1,4-linkages between beta-D-galactose and alpha-L-3,6-anhydro-galactose residues in agarose. Cleaves agarose in a random manner with retention of the anomeric-bond configuration, producing beta-anomers that give rise progressively to alpha-anomers when mutarotation takes place. Also tolerant to hybrid substrates containing C6-sulfate groups at the -4, +1, and +3 positions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family.


FUNCTION: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Probably recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins: the interaction with substrates requires the phosphorylation of the two serine residues in the substrates' destruction motif D-S-G-X(2,3,4)-S (By similarity). SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of phosphorylated CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling regulation (By similarity). Participates in Wnt signaling regulation, and plays a role in eye and jaw development (PubMed:31402090). SCF(FBXW11) plays a key role in NF- kappa-B activation by mediating ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA, leading to its degradation by the proteasome, thereby allowing the associated NF-kappa-B complex to translocate into the nucleus and to activate transcription (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the control of cell shape and motility in the trabecular meshwork. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Probably involved in the transposition of insertion sequence IS1353. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transposase 8 family.


FUNCTION: mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In the eIF-3 complex, eif3d specifically recognizes and binds the 7- methylguanosine cap of a subset of mRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit D family.


FUNCTION: Has a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Is inactive against yeast, erythrocytes, and insects. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ponericin-L family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in promoting translation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=In germ line cells, predominantly cytoplasmic and accumulates in the perinuclear nuage during oogenesis but disappears from there around stage 8.


FUNCTION: Receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) (PubMed:1655761). Signals via association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, resulting in Akt phosphorylation. Contributes to the regulation of food intake. Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior, but does not play a role in the perception of pain. Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation. In one study, shown to act in the amygdala as part of an inhibitory network which inhibits memory specifically related to learned fear (By similarity). In another study, shown to contribute to disinhibition of glutamatergic cells in the auditory cortex via signaling on vasoactive intestinal peptide- expressing cells which leads to enhanced auditory fear memories (By similarity). Contributes to the induction of sighing through signaling in the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the scaffold complex CFD1-NBP35. Electrons are transferred to DRE2 from NADPH via the FAD- and FMN-containing protein TAH18. TAH18-DRE2 are also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit RNR2. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Mitochondrion intermembrane space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anamorsin family.


FUNCTION: Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes glycerophosphodiesters into glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) and the corresponding alcohol. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase family.


FUNCTION: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the side-chain hydroxylation and cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the precursor of most steroid hormones. Catalyzes three sequential oxidation reactions of cholesterol, namely the hydroxylation at C22 followed with the hydroxylation at C20 to yield 20R,22R- hydroxycholesterol that is further cleaved between C20 and C22 to yield the C21-steroid pregnenolone and 4-methylpentanal. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron- sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Localizes to the matrix side of the mitochondrion inner membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of labdane-type diterpenoid including marrubiin and other labdane-related furanoid diterpenoids with potential applications as anti-diabetics, analgesics or vasorelaxants (Probable). Terpene synthase that produces (+)-copalyl diphosphate ((+)-CPP) from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) (PubMed:24990389). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Electroneutral transporter of the plasma membrane mediating the cellular uptake of the divalent metal cations zinc, manganese and iron that are important for tissue homeostasis, metabolism, development and immunity (By similarity). Functions as an energy-dependent symporter, transporting through the membranes an electroneutral complex composed of a divalent metal cation and two bicarbonate anions. Beside these endogenous cellular substrates, can also import cadmium a non- essential metal which is cytotoxic and carcinogenic (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Basolateral cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Late endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0065 (bug) family.


FUNCTION: Myoactive peptide. Stimulates the contraction of the oviduct and foregut. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate into pyruvate. Seems to play a role in maintaining cellular concentrations of bicarbonate and pyruvate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Oxaloacetate decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Can hydrolyze salicin, cellobiose, and probably arbutin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the molybdopterin synthase complex, a complex that catalyzes the conversion of precursor Z into molybdopterin. Acts by mediating the incorporation of 2 sulfur atoms from thiocarboxylated Mocs2A into precursor Z to generate a dithiolene group. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MoaE family. MOCS2B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine- induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRA2A sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Manganese-binding polypeptide with L-arginine metabolizing enzyme activity. Component of the core of photosystem II. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbY family.