FUNCTION: Plasma membrane reductase that uses cytoplasmic ascorbate as an electron donor to reduce extracellular Fe(3+) into Fe(2+). It is also able to reduce extracellular monodehydro-L-ascorbate and may be involved in extracellular ascorbate regeneration (By similarity). May also function as a cupric transmembrane reductase (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HMGA family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the type II fatty acid elongation cycle. Catalyzes the elongation of a wide range of acyl-ACP by the addition of two carbons from malonyl-ACP to an acyl acceptor. Can efficiently catalyze the conversion of palmitoleoyl-ACP (cis-hexadec-9-enoyl-ACP) to cis-vaccenoyl-ACP (cis-octadec-11-enoyl-ACP), an essential step in the thermal regulation of fatty acid composition. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases family.


FUNCTION: Cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of the oxidative branch within the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative route to glycolysis for the dissimilation of carbohydrates and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for fatty acid and nucleic acid biosynthetic processes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL20 family.


FUNCTION: Hydrolase that metabolizes extracellular nucleotides, including ATP, GTP, UTP and CTP (By similarity). Limits mast cell and basophil responses during inflammation and during the chronic phases of allergic responses by eliminating the extracellular ATP that functions as signaling molecule and activates basophils and mast cells and induces the release of inflammatory cytokines. Metabolizes extracellular ATP in the lumen of the small intestine, and thereby prevents ATP-induced apoptosis of intestinal plasmacytoid dendritic cells (By similarity). Has also alkaline phosphodiesterase activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Secreted Note=Detected at the cell surface of basophils. Detected at the apical plasma membrane of bile duct cells. Located to the apical surface in intestinal and kidney epithelial cells. Secreted in serum, and in lumen of epithelial cells.


FUNCTION: Involved in phosphonate degradation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. PhnX family.


FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II ChbABC PTS system is involved in the transport of the chitin disaccharide N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc2) (PubMed:10913118, PubMed:10913117). Also able to use N,N',N''-triacetyl chitotriose (GlcNAc3) (PubMed:10913117). FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II ChbABC PTS system is involved in the transport of the chitin disaccharide N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc2). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at the wobble position (U34) in tRNA. Catalyzes the FAD-dependent demodification of cmnm(5)s(2)U34 to nm(5)s(2)U34, followed by the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to nm(5)s(2)U34, to form mnm(5)s(2)U34. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the DAO family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (mnm(5)s(2)U34)-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of alternapyrone derivatives (PubMed:16356847). Alternapyrone is a decaketide with octa-methylation from methionine on every C2 unit except the third unit (PubMed:16356847). All the domains in the polyketide synthase alt5 are apparently involved in alternapyrone synthesis, that is, the 8 CMeT, 7 KR, 7 DH, and 4 ER reactions in the 9 KS-mediated condensation steps required for alternapyrone synthesis (PubMed:16356847). the alternapyrone produced by alt5 might be intensively modified by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases alt1, alt2 and alt3 and FAD-dependent oxidoreductase alt4 present in the alt gene cluster (PubMed:16356847). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1C family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of sulfite from adenosine 5'- phosphosulfate (APS) using thioredoxin as an electron donor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAPS reductase family. CysH subfamily.


FUNCTION: VSG forms a coat on the surface of the parasite. The trypanosome evades the immune response of the host by expressing a series of antigenically distinct VSGs from an estimated 1000 VSG genes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Note=A soluble form is released from ruptured cells by the action of a PI-PLC.


FUNCTION: Uncoupling protein which may catalyze the physiological 'proton leak' in liver. Overexpression induces the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0344 family.


FUNCTION: Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A22B family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asp23 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arginase family.


FUNCTION: Could play a role in neuronal development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII), required for its stability and/or assembly. PSII is a light- driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbH family.


FUNCTION: Exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Has potent hemolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H3 family.


FUNCTION: Downstream effector molecule involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes formation of actin filaments. Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex (By similarity). As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes (PubMed:27605705). Also involved in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Synapse Cell junction, focal adhesion Note=Dot- like pattern in the cytoplasm. Concentrated in Rac-regulated membrane- ruffling areas. Partial translocation to focal adhesion sites might be mediated by interaction with SORBS2. In neurons, colocalizes with activated NTRK2 after BDNF addition in endocytic sites through the association with TMEM108 (PubMed:27605705). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SCAR/WAVE family.


FUNCTION: Involved in chromosome partition. Localize to both poles of the predivisional cell following completion of DNA replication. Binds to the DNA origin of replication (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ParB family.


FUNCTION: Probable DNA helicase. Required in synaptic and/or post- synaptic stages of recombination. Probably has overlapping function with RecQ (AC O34748). It probably acts to help generate ss-DNA from ds-DNA breaks. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Receptor for the C-terminal sequence motif K-D-E-L that is present on endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins and that mediates their recycling from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Localized in the Golgi in the absence of bound proteins with the sequence motif K-D-E-L. Trafficks back to the endoplasmic reticulum together with cargo proteins containing the sequence motif K-D-E-L. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ERD2 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT) complex that catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol and participates in the first step of GPI biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PIGQ family.


FUNCTION: NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Stromal side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) diphosphatase that hydrolyzes fatty acyl-CoA to yield acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine and adenosine 3',5'- bisphosphate (By similarity). Mediates the hydrolysis of a wide range of CoA esters, including choloyl-CoA and branched-chain fatty-acyl-CoA esters and at low substrate concentrations medium and long-chain fatty- acyl-CoA esters are the primary substrates (By similarity). Highest activity seen with medium-chain acyl-CoA esters and higher rates of activity seen with the unsaturated acyl-CoA esters compared with the saturated esters (By similarity). Exhibits decapping activity towards dpCoA-capped RNAs in vitro (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: [GLV1p]: Signaling peptide (root growth factor) that regulates the pattern of root growth and lateral root development by modulating the length and the number of cortical cells in the root apical meristem (RAM), and the anticlinal asymmetric cell divisions in lateral root initiation cells (PubMed:22307643, PubMed:23370719). Also involved in the regulation of hypocotyl bending and root gravitropism in a PIN2-traffic dependent manner, thus influencing the formation of auxin gradients (PubMed:22421050). Maintains the postembryonic root stem cell niche (PubMed:20798316). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum Note=The precursor is detected in the endoplasmic reticulum probably during its processing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [GLV1p]: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RGF family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the glycolate utilization. Catalyzes the condensation and subsequent hydrolysis of acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl- CoA) and glyoxylate to form malate and CoA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the malate synthase family. GlcB subfamily.


FUNCTION: PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaA/PsaB family.


FUNCTION: Cytokine that plays a major role in the development of inflammatory and protective immune responses to microbial invaders and parasites by modulating immune cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Stimulates the proliferation of natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells and promotes the secretion of several cytokines. In monocytes, induces the production of IL8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CCL2, two chemokines that attract neutrophils and monocytes respectively to sites of infection. Unlike most cytokines, which are secreted in soluble form, IL15 is expressed in association with its high affinity IL15RA on the surface of IL15-producing cells and delivers signals to target cells that express IL2RB and IL2RG receptor subunits. Binding to its receptor triggers the phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3 and the recruitment and subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/STAT3 and STAT5 (By similarity). In mast cells, induces the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT6 and thereby controls mast cell survival and release of cytokines such as IL4 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family.


FUNCTION: Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S14 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phi29likevirus GP5.5 family.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes the pyrophosphate bond of UDP-2,3- diacylglucosamine to yield 2,3-diacylglucosamine 1-phosphate (lipid X) and UMP by catalyzing the attack of water at the alpha-P atom. Involved in the biosynthesis of lipid A, a phosphorylated glycolipid that anchors the lipopolysaccharide to the outer membrane of the cell. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LpxH family.


FUNCTION: Component of the dihydroxyacetone kinase complex, which is responsible for the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphorylation of dihydroxyacetone. DhaM serves as the phosphoryl donor. Is phosphorylated by phosphoenolpyruvate in an EI- and HPr-dependent reaction, and a phosphorelay system on histidine residues finally leads to phosphoryl transfer to DhaL and dihydroxyacetone. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of ADP-glucose, a building block required for the elongation reactions to produce glycogen. Catalyzes the reaction between ATP and alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) to produce pyrophosphate and ADP-Glc. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial/plant glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex PotABCD involved in spermidine/putrescine import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Spermidine/putrescine importer (TC 3.A.1.11.1) family.


FUNCTION: Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.


FUNCTION: Di-heme cytochrome of the succinate dehydrogenase complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome b558 family.


FUNCTION: Interacts with outer membrane receptor proteins that carry out high-affinity binding and energy dependent uptake into the periplasmic space of specific substrates. It could act to transduce energy from the cytoplasmic membrane to specific energy-requiring processes in the outer membrane, resulting in the release into the periplasm of ligands bound by these outer membrane proteins. Required for heme utilization and virulence. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein; Periplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TonB family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which are proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late endosomal membrane and to regulate late endocytic, phagocytic and autophagic traffic towards lysosomes. The CORVET complex is proposed to function as a Rab5 effector to mediate early endosome fusion probably in specific endosome subpopulations (PubMed:11382755, PubMed:23351085, PubMed:24554770, PubMed:25266290, PubMed:25783203). Required for fusion of endosomes and autophagosomes with lysosomes (PubMed:25783203). Involved in cargo transport from early to late endosomes and required for the transition from early to late endosomes (PubMed:21148287). Involved in the retrograde Shiga toxin transport (PubMed:23593995). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome Late endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Early endosome Cytoplasmic vesicle Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VPS11 family.


FUNCTION: Required for initiation of meiotic chromosome synapsis. Involved in synaptonemal complex formation, a structure that tethers a pair of homologous chromosomes along their lengths and plays a central role in recombination and homolog segregation during meiosis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=localizes to a meiosis specific chromosomal structure called the synaptonemal complex (SC) formed during meiotic prophase. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZIP2 family.


FUNCTION: A methylase, recognizes the double-stranded sequence 5'-GGCC- 3', methylates C-3 on both strands, and protects the DNA from cleavage by the BspRI endonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the differentiation of bipolar cells, the last neurons of the retina to form. Together with other retinal homeobox proteins, acts as an effector of a cellular clock which, depending on cell cycle progression, establishes the generation of distinct retinal neuronal cell types. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paired homeobox family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the methylation of C-11 in precorrin-4 to form precorrin-5. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the precorrin methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: The M protein has a crucial role in virus assembly and interacts with the RNP complex as well as with the viral membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the morbillivirus/respirovirus/rubulavirus M protein family.


FUNCTION: Essential serine-protein kinase involved in the early stage of virion morphogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host endoplasmic reticulum Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Poxviruses subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of a formyl group from formylmethanofuran (formyl-MFR) to tetrahydromethanopterin (H(4)MPT) to produce 5-formyl tetrahydromethanopterin (5-formyl-H(4)MPT) and methanofuran (MFR). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FTR family.


FUNCTION: This protein catalyzes the committed step to the synthesis of the acidic phospholipids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes an oxidative deamination of predominantly hydrophobic and aromatic L-amino acids, thus producing hydrogen peroxide that may contribute to the diverse toxic effects of this enzyme (PubMed:28495622) (By similarity). Shows very high enzymatic activity on L-Met and L-Leu, high activity on L-Ile, L-Phe and L-Tyr and moderate activity on L-His (PubMed:28495622, PubMed:30534149). Exhibits diverse biological activities, such as hemorrhage, hemolysis, edema, apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells or tumor cell lines, and antibacterial, as well as regulation of platelet aggregation (By similarity). Effects of snake L-amino oxidases on platelets are controversial, since they either induce aggregation or inhibit agonist- induced aggregation (By similarity). These different effects are probably due to different experimental conditions (By similarity). In vitro, has a strong antiprotozoal effect against Leishmania amazonensis (IC(50)=4.56 ug/mL) and Trypanosoma cruzi (IC(50)=4.85 ug/mL) (PubMed:28495622). It also causes cell death and DNA damage in hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) in vitro by inducing oxidative stress (PubMed:30654040). It exerts cytotoxicity towards colorectal adenocarcinomahuman cells (Caco-2) by acting on multiple intracellular targets (PubMed:29222016). It diminishes cell viability by decreasing mitochondrial activity, the activity of acid phosphatases, and lysosomal function (PubMed:29222016). In addition, it increases intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage, it elevates the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine genes TNF and IL6, and lowers the expression of the apoptotic-related genes (PubMed:29222016). Also induces cytotoxicity (IC(50)=1.80 ug/mL) and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells (a human breast adeno-carcinoma cell line) by activating the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways, but are not cytotoxic towards MCF-10A cells (a non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell line) (PubMed:28495622). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. FIG1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Phosphorylates 6-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-fructose (SF) to 6-deoxy-6- sulfo-D-fructose 1-phosphate (SFP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of four acetate groups of uroporphyrinogen-III to yield coproporphyrinogen-III. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of tyrosine. Has a weak prephenate dehydrogenase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prephenate/arogenate dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that positively regulates the expression of the gene clusters that mediate the biosynthesis of pestheic acid, a diphenyl ether which is a biosynthetic precursor of the unique chloropupukeananes (PubMed:19101477). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family.


FUNCTION: Has antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacterium E.coli ATCC 8739 (MIC=100 ug), against Gram positive bacteria S.aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC=25 ug), methicillin-resistant S.aureus ATCC 43300 (MIC=100 ug), B.subtilis ATCC 6633 (MIC=12.5 ug) and against fungus C.albicans ATCC 90028 (MIC=100 ug). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Brevinin subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the L5likevirus major capsid protein gp17 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the final reduction of the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis (FAS II). Catalyzes the reduction of a carbon- carbon double bond in an enoyl moiety that is covalently linked to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TER reductase family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits NF-kappa-B by complexing with and trapping it in the cytoplasm. However, the unphosphorylated form resynthesized after cell stimulation is able to bind NF-kappa-B allowing its transport to the nucleus and protecting it to further NFKBIA-dependent inactivation. Association with inhibitor kappa B-interacting NKIRAS1 and NKIRAS2 prevent its phosphorylation rendering it more resistant to degradation, explaining its slower degradation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0758 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Csd subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for glutamatergic synaptic transmission (PubMed:10818169, PubMed:14762140, PubMed:14981253, PubMed:15371514, PubMed:9526004, PubMed:9870947). In AWB and AWC sensory neurons, required for the detection of preferred food sources, probably via glutamatergic neurotransmission from sensory neurons (PubMed:25009271). Negatively regulates the turning step of male mating behavior (PubMed:17611271). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Synapse. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. VGLUT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Oxidoreductase involved in disulfide bond formation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Efficiently reoxidizes P4HB/PDI, the enzyme catalyzing protein disulfide formation, in order to allow P4HB to sustain additional rounds of disulfide formation. Following P4HB reoxidation, passes its electrons to molecular oxygen via FAD, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. Required for the proper folding of immunoglobulins. Plays an important role in ER stress-induced, CHOP-dependent apoptosis by activating the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor IP3R1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Lumenal side Golgi apparatus lumen Secreted Cell projection, dendrite Note=The association with ERP44 is essential for its retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). In neurons, it localizes to dendrites (PubMed:12694393). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EROs family.


FUNCTION: IGPS catalyzes the conversion of PRFAR and glutamine to IGP, AICAR and glutamate. The HisF subunit catalyzes the cyclization activity that produces IGP and AICAR from PRFAR using the ammonia provided by the HisH subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HisA/HisF family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of pantoate with beta-alanine in an ATP-dependent reaction via a pantoyl-adenylate intermediate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pantothenate synthetase family.


FUNCTION: GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.


FUNCTION: Excises ethenocytosine and uracil, which can arise by alkylation or deamination of cytosine, respectively, from the corresponding mispairs with guanine in ds-DNA. It is capable of hydrolyzing the carbon-nitrogen bond between the sugar-phosphate backbone of the DNA and the mispaired base. The complementary strand guanine functions in substrate recognition. Required for DNA damage lesion repair in stationary-phase cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. TDG/mug family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CFAP144 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the 2'-O-methylation at nucleotide C2498 in 23S rRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. RlmM subfamily.


FUNCTION: Converts cyanocobalamin (CN-B12) to adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), the inducer of the eut operon (PubMed:15516577, PubMed:16636051, PubMed:24336938). Is not active on cobinamide nor other intermediates in the adenosylcobalamin synthetic pathway. Allows full induction of the eut operon (PubMed:15516577). Can use ADP, CTP and dATP in place of ATP, and cobinamide in place of cobalamin, none are as efficiently used as ATP and cobalamin (PubMed:16636051). FUNCTION: Expression of the eut operon allows this bacteria to use ethanolamine (EA) as a carbon, nitrogen and energy source. It relies on cobalamin (vitamin B12) both as a cofactor for the ethanolamine ammonia-lyase (EAL) activity and to induce the operon (PubMed:3045078). EA enhances bacterial survival in macrophages in a concentration- dependent manner, suggesting it is an important nutrient during infection (PubMed:29531136). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Bacterial microcompartment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase family. EutT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Paralytic toxin on insects that inhibits voltage-gated sodium (Nav) and calcium (Cav) channels in P.americana (American cockroach) dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons, and also inhibits the B.germanica (German cockroach) Nav channel (BgNaV1) (PubMed:28475112). May act as a gating-modifier toxin on Nav and as a pore blocker on Cav (PubMed:28475112). In vivo, reversibly paralyzes both L.cuprina (Australian sheep blowfly) and M.domestica (housefly), but does not affect larvae of H.armigera (cotton bollworms) (PubMed:28475112). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 10 (Hwtx-1) family. 28 (Jztx-11) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Plays a role in keeping cristae membranes connected to the inner boundary membrane. Also promotes protein import via the mitochondrial intermembrane space assembly (MIA) pathway (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic60 family.


FUNCTION: Chaperone involved in the correct folding and assembly of outer membrane proteins. Recognizes specific patterns of aromatic residues and the orientation of their side chains, which are found more frequently in integral outer membrane proteins. May act in both early periplasmic and late outer membrane-associated steps of protein maturation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm Note=Is capable of associating with the outer membrane.


FUNCTION: One of several proteins that assist in the late maturation steps of the functional core of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Helps release RbfA from mature subunits. May play a role in the assembly of ribosomal proteins into the subunit. Circularly permuted GTPase that catalyzes slow GTP hydrolysis, GTPase activity is stimulated by the 30S ribosomal subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. RsgA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Might have a role in establishing the nucleoid structure of elementary bodies. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family. HCT subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX21/DDX50 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Catalyzes the first condensation reaction which initiates fatty acid synthesis and may therefore play a role in governing the total rate of fatty acid production. Possesses both acetoacetyl-ACP synthase and acetyl transacylase activities (PubMed:19863661). Can use branched- chain acyl-CoAs, with a preference for 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA, the precursor of odd-numbered anteiso fatty acids, at 30 degrees Celsius, which is further increased at a low temperature (PubMed:19863661). Shows weak activity with acetyl-CoA (PubMed:19863661). FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation reaction of fatty acid synthesis by the addition to an acyl acceptor of two carbons from malonyl-ACP. Catalyzes the first condensation reaction which initiates fatty acid synthesis and may therefore play a role in governing the total rate of fatty acid production. Possesses both acetoacetyl-ACP synthase and acetyl transacylase activities. Its substrate specificity determines the biosynthesis of branched-chain and/or straight-chain of fatty acids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. FabH family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex SsuABC involved in aliphatic sulfonates import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Aliphatic sulfonates importer (TC 3.A.1.17.2) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0215 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the first intracellular reaction of sulfate assimilation, forming adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) from inorganic sulfate and ATP. Plays an important role in sulfate activation as a component of the biosynthesis pathway of sulfur-containing amino acids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the APS kinase family.


FUNCTION: Polycomb group (PcG) protein. While PcG proteins are generally required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development, this protein is specifically required during the first 6 hours of embryogenesis to establish the repressed state. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' residues of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. The Esc/E(z) complex is necessary but not sufficient for the repression of homeotic target genes, suggesting that the recruitment of the distinct PRC1 complex is also required. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat ESC family.


FUNCTION: Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately equal affinity. Mediates Ras activation through G(s)-alpha- and cAMP-mediated signaling (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of sleep/wake behaviors (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Early endosome Note=Colocalizes with RAPGEF2 at the plasma membrane. Found in the Golgi upon GOPC overexpression (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRB1 sub-subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRM HNRPC family. RALY subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DENR family.


FUNCTION: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ESX-5 specialized secretion system, which is responsible for the secretion of EsxN and a number of PE_PGRS and PPE proteins, including PPE41. FUNCTION: Part of the ESX-5 specialized secretion system, which is responsible for the secretion of EsxN and a number of PE_PGRS and PPE proteins, including PPE41. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EccD/Snm4 family.


FUNCTION: Regulator of the DNA damage response (DDR). Part of the TTT complex that is required to stabilize protein levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) family proteins. The TTT complex is involved in the cellular resistance to DNA damage stresses, like ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet (UV) and mitomycin C (MMC). Together with the TTT complex and HSP90 may participate in the proper folding of newly synthesized PIKKs. Promotes assembly, stabilizes and maintains the activity of mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes, which regulate cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. May be involved in telomere length regulation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Membrane Nucleus Chromosome, telomere. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TEL2 family.


FUNCTION: Seems to play a role in ciliary BBSome localization, maybe through interaction with IFT-A complex.


FUNCTION: Inhibits voltage-dependent potassium channels of the Kv1 family (Kv1.1/KCNA1 (Kd=6 nM), Kv1.2/KCNA2 (Kd=15 nM), Kv1.3/KCNA3 (Kd=10-39 nM), Kv1.6/KCNA6, and KCa3.1/KCNN4 (Kd=172 nM)). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Nematocyst. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sea anemone type 1 potassium channel toxin family. Type 1b subfamily.


FUNCTION: Capsid protein (CA) is the structural component of the virus- like particle (VLP), forming the shell that encapsulates the retrotransposons dimeric RNA genome. The particles are assembled from trimer-clustered units and there are holes in the capsid shells that allow for the diffusion of macromolecules. CA has also nucleocapsid- like chaperone activity, promoting primer tRNA(i)-Met annealing to the multipartite primer-binding site (PBS), dimerization of Ty1 RNA and initiation of reverse transcription (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to produce small oligosaccharides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.


FUNCTION: Endonuclease that catalyzes the cleavage of RNA on the 3' side of pyrimidine nucleotides. Acts on single-stranded and double- stranded RNA (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.


FUNCTION: DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitor of retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility. After the penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells of infection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can induce the conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strand viral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in the proviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism that works prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficient antiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targets single-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single- or double-stranded RNA (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Cytoplasm, P-body Note=Mainly cytoplasmic, small amount are found in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase GatYZ, which catalyzes the reversible aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to produce tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate (TBP). Requires GatZ subunit for full activity and stability. Is involved in the catabolism of galactitol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family. TagBP aldolase GatY subfamily.


SIMILARITY: To M.tuberculosis Rv0498 and S.coelicolor SCO3347.


FUNCTION: Required for proper homologous pairing and efficient cross- over and intragenic recombination during meiosis. Acts indirectly in a process facilitating homologous recombination. Acts during mid- to late-horse-tail period. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HOP2 family.


FUNCTION: May participate in a redox cascade for the formation of disulfide bonds in viral proteins. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus A151R family.


FUNCTION: Transports viral genome to neighboring plant cells directly through plasmosdesmata, without any budding. The movement protein allows efficient cell to cell propagation, by bypassing the host cell wall barrier. Increases plasmodesma size exclusion limit. Acts as a suppressor of RNA-mediated gene silencing, also known as post- transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), a mechanism of plant viral defense that limits the accumulation of viral RNAs (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Tymovirales TGBp1 protein family.


FUNCTION: Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA. Unable to interact with the cap-binding complex and is therefore unlikely to be involved in translation initiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Mediates cell-cell adhesion in a calcium-dependent manner. Able to inhibit growth in several cell lines. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prespore-cell-inducing factor family.


FUNCTION: Selectively inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glycogen deposition in muscle, while not affecting adipocyte glucose metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calcitonin family.


FUNCTION: Myotropic peptide, enhances both the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous hindgut contractions. It is synthesized by abdominal ganglionic neurons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: The MCFD2-LMAN1 complex forms a specific cargo receptor for the ER-to-Golgi transport of selected proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus.


FUNCTION: Encapsidates the negative strand viral RNA, protecting it from nucleases. The encapsidated genomic RNA is termed the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and serves as template for transcription and replication. The RNP needs to be localized in the host nucleus to start an infectious cycle, but is too large to diffuse through the nuclear pore complex. NP comprises at least 2 nuclear localization signals that are responsible for the active RNP import into the nucleus through cellular importin alpha/beta pathway. Later in the infection, nclear export of RNPs are mediated through viral proteins NEP interacting with M1 which binds nucleoproteins. It is possible that nucleoprotein binds directly host exportin-1/XPO1 and plays an active role in RNPs nuclear export. M1 interaction with RNP seems to hide nucleoprotein's nuclear localization signals. Soon after a virion infects a new cell, M1 dissociates from the RNP under acidification of the virion driven by M2 protein. Dissociation of M1 from RNP unmasks nucleoprotein's nuclear localization signals, targeting the RNP to the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses nucleoprotein family.


FUNCTION: Weakly blocks contraction of smooth muscle elicited by high potassium-induced depolarization, but does not block caffeine- stimulated contraction. May target voltage-gated calcium channels on smooth muscle (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CRISP family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial DNA endonuclease involved in intron homing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LAGLIDADG endonuclease family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase TrmH family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TatC family.


FUNCTION: PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin/cytochrome c6-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin or cytochrome c6. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaA/PsaB family.


FUNCTION: Probable zinc protease. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamate--cysteine ligase type 1 family. Type 1 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase GT106 family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the V-ATPase D subunit family.


FUNCTION: Velvet-domain-containing protein not required for disease or sexual development on seedlings (PubMed:24064149). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the velvet family. VelC subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the YIP1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.


FUNCTION: Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'- processing endonuclease activity. Probably involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RNase Z family.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional serine/threonine kinase and phosphorylase involved in the regulation of the pyruvate, phosphate dikinase (PPDK) by catalyzing its phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pyruvate, phosphate/water dikinase regulatory protein family. PDRP subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate (HMBPP) into a mixture of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Acts in the terminal step of the DOXP/MEP pathway for isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IspH family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the maturation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV subunit MT-CO2/COX2. Thereby, may regulate early steps of complex IV assembly. Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV or cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from intermembrane space cytochrome c to molecular oxygen in the matrix and as a consequence contributes to the proton gradient involved in mitochondrial ATP synthesis. May also be required for efficient formation of respiratory supercomplexes comprised of complexes III and IV. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion intermembrane space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family.


FUNCTION: Rubredoxin is a small nonheme, iron protein lacking acid- labile sulfide. Its single Fe, chelated to 4 Cys, functions as an electron acceptor and may also stabilize the conformation of the molecule. Could be involved in hydrogenase-linked redox processes (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rubredoxin family.


FUNCTION: Negatively regulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Transcription regulator that activates transcription by stimulating RNA polymerase (RNAP) recycling in case of stress conditions such as supercoiled DNA or high salt concentrations. Probably acts by releasing the RNAP, when it is trapped or immobilized on tightly supercoiled DNA. Does not activate transcription on linear DNA. Probably not involved in DNA repair. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. RapA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Repressor of jasmonate (JA) responses. Acts as a repressor of JA-induced resistance to the bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) (PubMed:23104764). Regulates JA-induced accumulation of linalool at the transcriptional level of linalool synthase gene LIS. Linalool is important for resistance to bacterial blight pathogen Xoo (PubMed:23889289). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytosol Note=Mainly localized in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TIFY/JAZ family.


FUNCTION: Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The catalytic sites are hosted primarily by the beta subunits. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes ube2l3 and ube2l6 in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RBR family. RNF144 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHA2 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased cAMP production. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CPA3 antiporters (TC 2.A.63) subunit G family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reaction that attaches fucose through an O- glycosidic linkage to a conserved serine or threonine residue found in the consensus sequence C2-X(4,5)-[S/T]-C3 of EGF domains, where C2 and C3 are the second and third conserved cysteines (PubMed:21966509). Specifically uses GDP-fucose as donor substrate and proper disulfide pairing of the substrate EGF domains is required for fucose transfer (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 65 family.


FUNCTION: Viral serpin that inhibits both cysteine and serine proteinases involved in the regulation of host inflammatory and apoptosis processes (PubMed:10975564). Major anti-apoptotic protein which inhibits both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and strongly cleaves host CASP1 and CASP8 but is a rather poor inhibitor of host CASP3 (PubMed:10903953). Prevents the proteolytic activity of host interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme (ICE) and ICE-like enzymes. Can also block apoptosis through host tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serpin family. Poxviruses subfamily.


FUNCTION: Differentiation factor required for neurogenesis (By similarity). Does not act as an upstream activator of isl1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: The metallothioneins are involved in the cellular sequestration of toxic metal ions. Binds 12 cadmium ions per molecule (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 7 family.


FUNCTION: Beta-amylase activity. Major cytosolic beta-amylase isoform in rosette leaves and inflorescences stems. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Present in the continuous phloem cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 14 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0173 family.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme which can phosphorylate or dephosphorylate isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) on a specific serine residue. This is a regulatory mechanism which enables bacteria to bypass the Krebs cycle via the glyoxylate shunt in response to the source of carbon. When bacteria are grown on glucose, IDH is fully active and unphosphorylated, but when grown on acetate or ethanol, the activity of IDH declines drastically concomitant with its phosphorylation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AceK family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator that specifically binds DNA sequence 5'-AGAAnnTTCT-3' known as heat shock promoter elements (HSE). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HSF family. Class A subfamily.


FUNCTION: MFS-type transporter; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of oxopyrrolidines, polyketide-amino acid hybrid compounds with feature structures of tetramic acid. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.


FUNCTION: Key component of the proton channel; it plays a direct role in the translocation of protons across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase A chain family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UppP family.


FUNCTION: Promotes mitochondrial protein synthesis. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Binds to mitochondrial ribosomes in a GTP-dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. LepA subfamily.


FUNCTION: May play a role during myoblast fusion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane, sarcolemma; Single- pass type IV membrane protein Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, M line. Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line. Note=Membrane-associated. Distributed in the transverse tubules and near the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Detected along the Z- and M-lines in cardiomyocytes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Note=Localizes to the centrosomes in a microtubule- dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Note=Localizes to the centrosomes in a microtubule- dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SLMAP family.


FUNCTION: Non-canonical ABC transporter that contains transmembrane domains (TMD), which form a pore in the inner membrane, and an ATP- binding domain (NBD), which is responsible for energy generation. Confers resistance against macrolides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Macrolide exporter (TC 3.A.1.122) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HHV-5 UL17 protein family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives, and likely functions in the retention of cellular folate pools. Catalyzes successive MgATP-dependent additions of glutamate to a pteroylmonoglutamate substrate, with a high preference for 5,10- methylenetetrahydrofolate (mTHF). Thus, metabolizes mTHF to the tetraglutamate derivative, but longer glutamate chain length products are not observed. Tetrahydrofolate (H4PteGlu) and 10-formyl-H4PteGlu are poorer folate substrates. In contrast to E.coli FolC, this enzyme does not display dihydrofolate synthase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the folylpolyglutamate synthase family.


FUNCTION: Required for DNA mismatch repair (MMR), correcting base-base mismatches and insertion-deletion loops (IDLs) resulting from DNA replication, DNA damage or from recombination events between non- identical sequences during meiosis. Component of the MutLalpha heterodimer that forms a ternary complex with the MutS heterodimers, which initially recognize the DNA mismatches. This complex is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. Plays a major role in maintaining the genetic stability of simple sequence repeats and in the repair of heteroduplex sites present in meiotic recombination intermediates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family.


FUNCTION: Heterodimerizes with proteins of the JUN family to form an AP-1 transcription factor complex, thereby enhancing their DNA binding activity to an AP-1 consensus sequence 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' and enhancing their transcriptional activity (By similarity). Exhibits transactivation activity in vitro (By similarity). As part of the AP-1 complex, facilitates enhancer selection together with cell-type- specific transcription factors by collaboratively binding to nucleosomal enhancers and recruiting the SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodeling complex to establish accessible chromatin (By similarity). Together with JUN, plays a role in activation-induced cell death of T cells by binding to the AP-1 promoter site of FASLG/CD95L, and inducing its transcription in response to activation of the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway (By similarity). Involved in the display of nurturing behavior towards newborns (By similarity). May play a role in neurogenesis in the hippocampus and in learning and memory-related tasks by regulating the expression of various genes involved in neurogenesis, depression and epilepsy (By similarity). Implicated in behavioral responses related to morphine reward and spatial memory (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial dicarboxylic transporter catalyzing the exchange of dicarboxylic acids like malate and succinate for inorganic phosphate. Required for growth on ethanol and acetate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.


FUNCTION: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Activates IRF1 resulting in its rapid migration into the nucleus to mediate an efficient induction of IFN-beta, NOS2/INOS, and IL12A genes. Upon TLR8 activation by GU-rich single-stranded RNA (GU-rich RNA) derived from viruses, induces IL1B release through NLRP3 inflammasome activation (By similarity). MyD88-mediated signaling in intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for maintenance of gut homeostasis and controls the expression of the antimicrobial lectin REG3G in the small intestine (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the transcriptional activity of NFKB1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VOPP1/ECOP family.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in meiotic recombination and associated DNA double-strand break repair.


FUNCTION: Provides the rickettsial cell with host ATP in exchange for rickettsial ADP. This is an obligate exchange system. This energy acquiring activity is an important component of rickettsial parasitism (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ADP/ATP translocase tlc family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Plays a role in both the assembly of the exocyst and the polarization of this complex to specific sites of the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Also involved in assembly of the spliceosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle Note=Cell periphery. The polarization of EXO84 requires actin cables (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EXO84 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FBPase class 3 family.


FUNCTION: Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S14 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA (DHNA-CoA) to 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate (DHNA) and free coenzyme A (PubMed:33619030). Production of DHNA is required for protection against bacteriolysis in the cytosol of macrophages and tissue-specific virulence in vivo, suggesting that MenI is required to protect the bacteria from killing in the macrophage cytosol (PubMed:33619030). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioesterase PaaI family.


FUNCTION: Component of the outer layer of the flagella. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasmic flagellum. Periplasm Note=Antibody labeling only occurs after mild detergent solubilization (PubMed:25825429).


FUNCTION: Protein-histidine N-methyltransferase that specifically mediates 3-methylhistidine (tele-methylhistidine) methylation of actin at 'His-74'. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Localizes mainly in the cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. SETD3 actin-histidine methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: E3 SUMO-protein ligase that mediates SUMOylation of TAB2 leading to inhibition of NF-kappa-B and MAPK pathways by suppressing the TRAF6/TAB2/TAK1 complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.


FUNCTION: Has antimicrobial activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacteriocin class IIA/YGNGV family.


FUNCTION: Conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Soluble dopamine beta-hydroxylase]: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle lumen. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule lumen. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, chromaffin granule membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus EP152R family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the formation or repair of [Fe-S] clusters present in iron-sulfur proteins. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NifU family.


FUNCTION: A type II topoisomerase that negatively supercoils closed circular double-stranded (ds) DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to modulate DNA topology and maintain chromosomes in an underwound state. Negative supercoiling favors strand separation, and DNA replication, transcription, recombination and repair, all of which involve strand separation. Also able to catalyze the interconversion of other topological isomers of dsDNA rings, including catenanes and knotted rings. Type II topoisomerases break and join 2 DNA strands simultaneously in an ATP-dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type II topoisomerase GyrA/ParC subunit family.


FUNCTION: ROP effector binding specifically activated ROPs and linking them to the microtubule cytoskeleton. Involved in ROP-regulated polar growth. Involved in local disassembly of cortical microtubules when associated with ARAC10 and KIN13A and conversely mediates also the elimination of ARAC10 from the plasma membrane by the cortical microtubules. Accumulates at the plus end of shrinking microtubules. Targets KIN13A to microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Note=In xylem cells, preferentially colocalizes with cortical microtubules located beneath the secondary wall pits (PubMed:20619818). May be associated to the plasma membrane through the interaction with ARAC10 (PubMed:22984069). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ICR family.


FUNCTION: The antigen 85 proteins (FbpA, FbpB, FbpC) are responsible for the high affinity of mycobacteria for fibronectin, a large adhesive glycoprotein, which facilitates the attachment of M.tuberculosis to murine alveolar macrophages (AMs). They also help to maintain the integrity of the cell wall by catalyzing the transfer of mycolic acids to cell wall arabinogalactan and through the synthesis of alpha,alpha- trehalose dimycolate (TDM, cord factor). They catalyze the transfer of a mycoloyl residue from one molecule of alpha,alpha-trehalose monomycolate (TMM) to another TMM, leading to the formation of TDM (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mycobacterial A85 antigen family.


FUNCTION: May be part of the rubber biosynthesis machinery. Plays a role in rubber elongation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Tightly bound on latex large rubber particles. Binds first to various type of lipids and then inserts into the membrane as protein rafts. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the REF/SRPP family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of long- chain fatty acids via beta-oxidation cycle. Catalyzes the formation of 3-oxoacyl-CoA from enoyl-CoA via L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA. It can also use D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA and cis-3-enoyl-CoA as substrate. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of isopropylamine, which is a constituent of the herbicides atrazine. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-L-alaninol (GALO) to L-alaninol and L-glutamate. It can also uses gamma-glutamyl-isopropylamide, gamma-glutamyl-ethylamide, L- glutamine, and gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide.


FUNCTION: Allows growth in a CO-dependent manner in the dark. CODH oxidizes carbon monoxide coupled, via CooF, to the reduction of a hydrogen cation by a hydrogenase (possibly CooH). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Loosely attached to the inner membrane, probably via CooF. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Ni-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the catabolism of homogentisate (2,5- dihydroxyphenylacetate or 2,5-OH-PhAc), a central intermediate in the degradation of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Catalyzes the oxidative ring cleavage of the aromatic ring of homogentisate to yield maleylacetoacetate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the homogentisate dioxygenase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 19 (CSTX) family. 10 (U11-Lctx) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Spider venom toxin that exhibits cytolytic activity by forming an alpha-helix across the membrane (PubMed:20657014). Lethal to insect larvae (PubMed:20657014, PubMed:24717175). Causes instant paralysis and death in the larvae of the flesh fly (S.carnaria) at doses of 20 ug/g, at doses of less than 10 ug/g causes reversible paralysis (PubMed:20657014). Has cytolytic activity against insect Sf9 cells (PubMed:20657014). Causes stable and irreversible depolarization of fly muscle fibers, leading to contracture at higher toxin concentrations (PubMed:20657014). Destabilizes membranes (PubMed:20657014). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane Note=Probably forms a transmembrane alpha-helix in the target cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 19 (CSTX) family. Double-CSTX subfamily.


FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Chromosome Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2B family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arginine deiminase family.


FUNCTION: A key translational regulator that binds mRNA to regulate translation initiation and/or mRNA stability. Mediates global changes in gene expression, shifting from rapid growth to stress survival by linking envelope stress, the stringent response and the catabolite repression systems. Usually binds in the 5'-UTR; binding at or near the Shine-Dalgarno sequence prevents ribosome-binding, repressing translation, binding elsewhere in the 5'-UTR can activate translation and/or stabilize the mRNA. Its function is antagonized by small RNA(s). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CsrA/RsmA family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAM199 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the D-glutamate cyclase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Bud neck. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AIM44 family.


FUNCTION: May act as a carbohydrate transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI- anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the early nodulin-like (ENODL) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the circularization of gamma-N-acetyl-alpha,gamma- diaminobutyric acid (ADABA) to ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4- pyrimidine carboxylic acid), which is an excellent osmoprotectant. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ectoine synthase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NPY family.


FUNCTION: Pore-forming toxin that defensively acts against parasitic microorganisms by forming pores in sphingomyelin-containing membranes (PubMed:9478988, PubMed:12676961). Has hemolytic activity and is also cytotoxic to spermatozoa of some species of invertebrates and many species of vertebrates and to amphibian larvae, guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes, chicken fibroblasts, normal spleen cells and various tumor cells (PubMed:10684578). Is lethal for various species of reptiles, amphibian, birds and mammals. Induces smooth muscle contraction (PubMed:9210594). It binds sphingomyelin and induces hemolysis in the same manner as lysenin-related protein 2, and is 10- fold more effective than lysenin-related protein 1 (PubMed:15274631). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane Note=Forms a beta-barrel pore in the membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lysenin family.


FUNCTION: Specifically catalyzes the cleavage of the D-lactyl ether substituent of MurNAc 6-phosphate, producing GlcNAc 6-phosphate and D- lactate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GCKR-like family. MurNAc-6-P etherase subfamily.


FUNCTION: May play a key role in egg organization. May be a transcriptional regulator having a role in chromatin remodeling in concert with Hira, a histone chaperone. Involved in chromosome segregation by affecting kinetochores function in the first meiotic division. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. Note=Abundant in the nucleoplasm. Only a fraction of the protein is associated with the chromosomes. Localizes to the chromosome arms and coexpresses with cid at the centromere.


FUNCTION: Required for mitoribosome formation and stability, and mitochondrial translation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a critical role in the incorporation of lipoproteins in the outer membrane after they are released by the LolA protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LolB family.


FUNCTION: Component of the Nup107-160 subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The Nup107-160 subcomplex is required for the assembly of a functional NPC. The Nup107-160 subcomplex is also required for normal kinetochore microtubule attachment, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. This subunit plays a role in recruitment of the Nup107-160 subcomplex to the kinetochore. FUNCTION: As a component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2, functions within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Indirectly activates mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex (PubMed:23723238). It is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors SESN2 and CASTOR1 (PubMed:25457612, PubMed:27487210). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore Nucleus, nuclear pore complex Lysosome membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family.


FUNCTION: Acts in maintaining the cortical microtubules organization essential for anisotropic cell growth. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPIRAL1 family.


FUNCTION: SNARE promoting movement of transport vesicles to target membranes. Targets endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, and may therefore function in retrograde trafficking. Together with SNARE STX12, promotes movement of vesicles from endosomes to the cell membrane, and may therefore function in the endocytic recycling pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein Recycling endosome membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the syntaxin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NifX/NifY family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in the viral genome replication. Participates, together with NSP2, in the formation of viral factories (viroplasms) which are large inclusions in the host cytoplasm where replication intermediates are assembled and viral RNA replication takes place. Orchestrates the recruitment of viroplasmic proteins such as capsid proteins to these factories. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Note=Found in spherical cytoplasmic structures, called virus factories, that appear early after infection and are the site of viral replication and packaging. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the rotavirus NSP5 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of isoleucine to tRNA(Ile). As IleRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as valine, to avoid such errors it has two additional distinct tRNA(Ile)-dependent editing activities. One activity is designated as 'pretransfer' editing and involves the hydrolysis of activated Val-AMP. The other activity is designated 'posttransfer' editing and involves deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. IleS type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Bradykinin-potentiating peptide both inhibits the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and enhances the action of bradykinin by inhibiting the peptidases that inactivate it. It acts as an indirect hypotensive agent (By similarity). FUNCTION: Snake venom natriuretic peptide that exhibits hypotensive and vasodepressor activity. Acts by activating natriuretic receptors (NPR1 and/or NPR2 and/or NPR3) (By similarity). FUNCTION: Bradykinin inhibitor peptide antagonizes the vasodilatory actions of bradykinin at the B2 bradykinin receptor (By similarity). Has no demonstrable hypotensive activity when injected intravenously in rats. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the bradykinin- potentiating peptide family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the natriuretic peptide family.


FUNCTION: Small zinc- and- and calcium-binding protein that is highly expressed in astrocytes and constitutes one of the most abundant soluble proteins in brain (PubMed:6615778, PubMed:3722149). Weakly binds calcium but binds zinc very tightly-distinct binding sites with different affinities exist for both ions on each monomer (PubMed:6615778, PubMed:3722149). Physiological concentrations of potassium ion antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting high-affinity calcium-binding sites (PubMed:3722149). Acts as a neurotrophic factor that promotes astrocytosis and axonal proliferation (By similarity). Involved in innervation of thermogenic adipose tissue by acting as an adipocyte- derived neurotrophic factor that promotes sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue (By similarity). Binds to and initiates the activation of STK38 by releasing autoinhibitory intramolecular interactions within the kinase (PubMed:14661952). Interaction with AGER after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling (By similarity). Could assist ATAD3A cytoplasmic processing, preventing aggregation and favoring mitochondrial localization (By similarity). May mediate calcium-dependent regulation on many physiological processes by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and modulating their activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Secreted Note=Secretion into the medium is promoted by interaction with isoform CLSTN3beta of CLSTN3. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the S-100 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) from succinyl-CoA and glycine, the first and rate-limiting step in heme biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator. C/EBP are DNA-binding proteins that recognize two different motifs: the CCAAT homology common to many promoters and the enhanced core homology common to many enhancers. Required for the promyelocyte-myelocyte transition in myeloid differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family. C/EBP subfamily.


FUNCTION: Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the carbon skeleton rearrangement of L-glutamate to L-threo-3-methylaspartate ((2S,3S)-3-methylaspartate). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methylaspartate mutase GlmS subunit family.


FUNCTION: Regulates arginine biosynthesis genes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ArgR family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in beta 1-6 linkage to the alpha-linked mannose of biantennary N-linked oligosaccharides (PubMed:8910328). Catalyzes an important step in the biosynthesis of branched, complex-type N-glycans, such as those found on EGFR, TGFR (TGF-beta receptor) and CDH2. Via its role in the biosynthesis of complex N-glycans, plays an important role in the activation of cellular signaling pathways, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell adhesion and cell migration. MGAT5-dependent EGFR N-glycosylation enhances the interaction between EGFR and LGALS3 and thereby prevents rapid EGFR endocytosis and prolongs EGFR signaling. Required for efficient interaction between TGFB1 and its receptor. Enhances activation of intracellular signaling pathways by several types of growth factors, including FGF2, PDGF, IGF, TGFB1 and EGF. MGAT5-dependent CDH2 N-glycosylation inhibits CDH2-mediated homotypic cell-cell adhesion and contributes to the regulation of downstream signaling pathways. Promotes cell migration. Contributes to the regulation of the inflammatory response. MGAT5-dependent TCR N- glycosylation enhances the interaction between TCR and LGALS3, limits agonist-induced TCR clustering, and thereby dampens TCR-mediated responses to antigens. Required for normal leukocyte evasation and accumulation at sites of inflammation (By similarity). Inhibits attachment of monocytes to the vascular endothelium and subsequent monocyte diapedesis (By similarity). FUNCTION: [Secreted alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta-N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase A]: Promotes proliferation of umbilical vein endothelial cells and angiogenesis, at least in part by promoting the release of the growth factor FGF2 from the extracellular matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Secreted alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein 6-beta- N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase A]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 18 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRA-PH family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRA-PH family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the export of mRNAs containing poly(A) tails from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. May be involved in the terminal step of the mRNA transport through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus, nuclear pore complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GLE1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1), a complex involved in endosomal cargo sorting. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SNAPIN family.


FUNCTION: Structural component of lipid droplets, which is required for the formation and maintenance of lipid storage droplets. Required for the transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPR) from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lipid droplet Endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasm Note=Membrane associated on endosomes. Detected in the envelope and the core of lipid bodies and in lipid sails. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the perilipin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of diverse nucleosides, yielding D-ribose 1-phosphate and the respective free bases. Can use uridine, adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, thymidine, inosine and xanthosine as substrates. Also catalyzes the reverse reactions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleoside phosphorylase PpnP family.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding protein that binds specific mRNAs including the ASH1 mRNA, coding for a repressor of the HO endonuclease. Part of the mRNA localization machinery that restricts accumulation of certain proteins to the bud and in the daughter cell. Required for the delivery of cortical endoplasmic reticulum into the emerging bud (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHE3 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA- precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Required during oogenesis and imaginal development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=May associate with nascent RNP complexes within the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pseudomonas-type ThrB family.


FUNCTION: Component of the mitochondrial inner membrane i-AAA protease complex required for mitochondrial inner membrane protein turnover. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MGR1 family.


FUNCTION: May help in the organization of the PsaE and PsaF subunits. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaJ family.


FUNCTION: Acts synergistically with sop-2 to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. Not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development. Also required to repress expression of other genes. Binds RNA in a sequence-independent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Forms subnuclear bodies. Sop-2 is required for nuclear localization.


FUNCTION: Adapter-like transcriptional repressor recruiting TPL/TPR corepressors to inhibit TCP transcription factors (By similarity). May be involved in leaf development.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-8 subfamily.


FUNCTION: ATP-dependent RNA helicase required for ribosome biogenesis. Involved in the release of U14 snoRNA in pre-ribosomal complexes. Required for pre-rRNA cleavage at site A2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX10/DBP4 subfamily.


FUNCTION: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase which methylates the carbon-5 position of cytosine 2381 to 5-methylcytosine (m5C2381) in 26S rRNA (PubMed:25635753, PubMed:33289480, PubMed:33283887). Plays a role in the production of mature 5S, 5.8S, 18S and 26S rRNAs and promotes the processing of the internally transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), which separates the 5.8S and 26S rRNAs on large pre-rRNA precursors (PubMed:33289480). May play a role in the translation of leucine and proline codons (Probable). May play a role in maintaining ribosomal frameshifting in response to osmotic stress (PubMed:30977983). Not required for global translation (PubMed:33289480). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.


FUNCTION: Cation-dependent phenylpropanoid and flavonoid 8-O- methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of polymethoxylated flavonoids natural products such as nevadensin and salvigenin, aroma compounds which contribute to the flavor of sweet basil, and exhibit pharmacological activities such as anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, antibacterial, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects (PubMed:23747095). May also act as a flavone 3'-O-methyltransferase (PubMed:23747095). Catalyzes S-adenosylmethionine-dependent regioselective 8-O-methylation of flavonoids; mediates likely the conversion of pilosin (PIL) to nevadensin (NEV) (PubMed:23747095). Can also use 3',4',7,8-tetrahydroxyflavone and 3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone as substrates (PubMed:23747095). Accepts other unnatural O-diphenols including luteolin and 7,8,4'-trihydroxy-flavone, cirsiliol, caffeic acid, 3,4-dihydroxylbenzaldehyde, and 3',4'-dihydroxy-flavone, and, with a lower efficiency, eriodictyol and catechol, as substrates (PubMed:23747095). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the intergenic processing between chloroplast rsp7 and ndhB transcripts (PubMed:14617084). Necessary for chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex-dependent cyclic electron transport around PSI (CET) (PubMed:32978277). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-H subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic monoterpenes natural products (PubMed:23246843). Monoterpene synthase which catalyzes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to sabinene hydrate, mainly (Z)-sabinene hydrate and to a lower extent (E)-sabinene hydrate, and the formation of minor amounts and traces of several other monoterpenes (e.g. mainly alpha-thujene, alpha-pinene and myrcene) (PubMed:23246843). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae US22 family.


FUNCTION: Epimerase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fusarielins F, G and H, decaketide compounds with 5 methylations and a decaline core that act as mycoestrogens as they stimulate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). The initial compound in the pathway is produced by the reducing polyketide synthase FSL1. FSL1 lacks an active enoyl reductase (ER) domain and biosynthesis of fusarielins relies on the trans-acting enoyl reductase FSL5, before it is released through hydrolysis catalyzed by the thioesterase FSL2 (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). Fusarielins F, G, and H have a C11=C12 cis double bond and is fully reduced between C10 and C11 and between C12 and C13. FSL3 can be involved in the formation of the C11=C12 cis double bond by moving a hypothetical C10=C11 or C12=C13 trans double bond to form prefusarielin (PubMed:27983606). Prefusarielin is oxygenated at C15 and C16 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FSL4, resulting in fusarielin F, which subsequently is epoxidized into fusarielin G by the same enzyme (PubMed:27983606). The final step in the pathway is a reduction of the carboxylic acid moiety to yield fusarielin H via a still undetermined mechanism (PubMed:27983606). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldose epimerase family.


FUNCTION: Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GnRH family.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system NtrB/NtrC, which controls expression of the nitrogen-regulated (ntr) genes in response to nitrogen limitation. Under conditions of nitrogen limitation, NtrB autophosphorylates and transfers the phosphoryl group to NtrC. In the presence of nitrogen, acts as a phosphatase that dephosphorylates and inactivates NtrC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Probable adapter protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 14-3-3 family.


FUNCTION: Likely functions in the release of soluble HxuA from the cell. FUNCTION: Probable member of a two partner secretion pathway (TPS) in which it mediates the secretion of HuxA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPS (TC 1.B.20) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible adenylation of nicotinate mononucleotide (NaMN) to nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NadD family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the rate-limiting step in the metabolic pathway that produces glucose from lactate and other precursors derived from the citric acid cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] family.


FUNCTION: Transfers the sialyl group (N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl or NeuAc) from CMP-NeuAc onto glycolipids, forming an alpha-2,6-linkage. Produces branched type disialyl structures by transfer of a sialyl group onto the GalNAc or GlcNAc residue inside backbone core chains having a terminal sialic acid with an alpha-2,3-linkage on Gal. ST6GalNAcVI prefers glycolipids to glycoproteins, predominantly catalyzing the biosynthesis of ganglioside GD1alpha from GM1b. Also has activity toward GD1a and GT1b, and can generate DSGG (disialylgalactosylgloboside) from MSGG (monosialylgalactosylgloboside) (PubMed:10702226). Besides GMb1, MSGG and other glycolipids, it shows activity towards sialyl Lc4Cer generating disialyl Lc4Cer, which can lead to the synthesis of disialyl Lewis a (Le(a)), suggested to be a cancer-associated antigen (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR). Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Recruited to resolve stalled replication forks during replication stress. Part of a PALB2- scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and RAD51C and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3. Also involved in interstrand cross- link repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Mitochondrion matrix Chromosome Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Note=Colocalizes with RAD51AP1 and RPA2 to multiple nuclear foci upon induction of DNA damage. DNA damage induces an increase in nuclear levels. Together with FIGNL1, redistributed in discrete nuclear DNA damage-induced foci after ionizing radiation (IR) or camptothecin (CPT) treatment. Accumulated at sites of DNA damage in a SPIDR-dependent manner. Recruited at sites of DNA damage in a MCM9-MCM8-dependent manner. Colocalizes with ERCC5/XPG to nuclear foci in S phase. Recruited to stalled replication forks during replication stress by the TONSL-MMS22L complex, as well as ATAD5 and WDR48 in an ATR-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in collagen fiber assembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily.


FUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase involved in cell cycle control and in RNA polymerase II-mediated RNA transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are activated by the binding to a cyclin and mediate the progression through the cell cycle. Each different complex controls a specific transition between 2 subsequent phases in the cell cycle. Required for both activation and complex formation of CDK1/cyclin-B during G2-M transition, and for activation of CDK2/cyclins during G1-S transition (but not complex formation). CDK7 is the catalytic subunit of the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) complex. Phosphorylates SPT5/SUPT5H, SF1/NR5A1, POLR2A, p53/TP53, CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and CDK11B/CDK11. CAK activates the cyclin-associated kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 by threonine phosphorylation, thus regulating cell cycle progression. CAK complexed to the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor activates RNA polymerase II by serine phosphorylation of the repetitive C- terminal domain (CTD) of its large subunit (POLR2A), allowing its escape from the promoter and elongation of the transcripts (PubMed:9852112). Phosphorylation of POLR2A in complex with DNA promotes transcription initiation by triggering dissociation from DNA. Its expression and activity are constant throughout the cell cycle. Upon DNA damage, triggers p53/TP53 activation by phosphorylation, but is inactivated in turn by p53/TP53; this feedback loop may lead to an arrest of the cell cycle and of the transcription, helping in cell recovery, or to apoptosis. Required for DNA-bound peptides-mediated transcription and cellular growth inhibition. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, perinuclear region Note=Colocalizes with PRKCI in the cytoplasm and nucleus (PubMed:15695176). Translocates from the nucleus to cytoplasm and perinuclear region in response to DNA-bound peptides (PubMed:19071173). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cleaves the GlcNAc-Asn bond which joins oligosaccharides to the peptide of asparagine-linked glycoproteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Ntn-hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: NQR complex catalyzes the reduction of ubiquinone-1 to ubiquinol by two successive reactions, coupled with the transport of Na(+) ions from the cytoplasm to the periplasm. NqrA to NqrE are probably involved in the second step, the conversion of ubisemiquinone to ubiquinol. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NqrDE/RnfAE family.


FUNCTION: Mrp complex is a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that is considered to be the major Na(+) excretion system in B.subtilis. Has a major role in Na(+) resistance and a minor role in Na(+)- and K(+)-dependent pH homeostasis as compared to TetB. MrpA may be the actual Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, although the six other Mrp proteins are all required for Na(+)/H(+) antiport activity and Na(+) resistance. MrpA is required for initiation of sporulation when external Na(+) concentration increases. Also transports Li(+) but not K(+), Ca(2+) or Mg(2+). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CPA3 antiporters (TC 2.A.63) subunit C family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Rht family.


FUNCTION: Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA- selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cornichon family.