FUNCTION: Transcription factor which acts as a transcriptional repressor (PubMed:22186728, PubMed:11867218, PubMed:18025091, PubMed:12023302). May also function as a transcriptional activator (PubMed:26486273, PubMed:22186728, PubMed:11867218). Binds to the palindromic T site 5'-TTCACACCTAGGTGTGAA-3' DNA sequence, or a half- site, which are present in the regulatory region of several genes (PubMed:9710594, PubMed:26971330, PubMed:12023302, PubMed:33731112, PubMed:27720610). Required for cardiac atrioventricular canal formation (PubMed:15459098). May cooperate with NKX2.5 to negatively modulate expression of NPPA/ANF in the atrioventricular canal (PubMed:12023302). May play a role as a positive regulator of TGFB2 expression, perhaps acting in concert with GATA4 in the developing outflow tract myocardium (PubMed:22186728). Plays a role in limb pattern formation (PubMed:15459098). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of ADAM10 gene expression, perhaps in concert with histone deacetylase HDAC1 as cofactor (PubMed:30599067). Involved in branching morphogenesis in both developing lungs and adult mammary glands, via negative modulation of target genes; acting redundantly with TBX3 (PubMed:27720610, PubMed:16222716). Required, together with TBX3, to maintain cell proliferation in the embryonic lung mesenchyme; perhaps acting downstream of SHH, BMP and TGFbeta signaling (PubMed:27720610). Involved in modulating early inner ear development, acting independently of, and also redundantly with TBX3, in different subregions of the developing ear (PubMed:33795231). Acts as a negative regulator of PML function in cellular senescence (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of expression of CDKN1A/p21, IL33 and CCN4; repression of CDKN1A is enhanced in response to UV-induced stress, perhaps as a result of phosphorylation by p38 MAPK (PubMed:18025091, PubMed:33731112). Negatively modulates expression of CDKN2A/p19ARF and CDH1/E-cadherin (By similarity). Plays a role in induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (By similarity). Plays a role in melanocyte proliferation, perhaps via regulation of cyclin CCND1 (PubMed:26486273). Involved in melanogenesis, acting via negative modulation of expression of DHICA oxidase/TYRP1 and P protein/OCA2 (PubMed:26971330, PubMed:9710594). Involved in regulating retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell proliferation, perhaps via negatively modulating transcription of the transcription factor CEBPD (PubMed:28910203). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Involved in morphology determination of peroxisomes, but not in import of peroxisomal matrix proteins. May act as a docking factor for PEX19 and be necessary for the import of peroxisomal membrane proteins in the peroxisomes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxin-3 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters, which are less soluble in membranes than cholesterol. Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption. Utilizes oleoyl-CoA ((9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA) preferentially as susbstrate: shows a higher activity towards an acyl-CoA substrate with a double bond at the delta-9 position (9Z) than towards saturated acyl-CoA or an unsaturated acyl-CoA with a double bond at the delta-7 (7Z) or delta-11 (11Z) positions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. Sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Removes the formyl group from the N-terminal Met of newly synthesized proteins. Requires at least a dipeptide for an efficient rate of reaction. N-terminal L-methionine is a prerequisite for activity but the enzyme has broad specificity at other positions. FUNCTION: Removes the formyl group from the N-terminal Met of newly synthesized proteins. Requires at least a dipeptide for an efficient rate of reaction. N-terminal L-methionine is a prerequisite for activity but the enzyme has broad specificity at other positions (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polypeptide deformylase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polypeptide deformylase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the YABBY family.


FUNCTION: Non catalytic polymerase cofactor and regulatory protein that plays a role in viral transcription and replication. Stabilizes the RNA polymerase L to the N-RNA template and binds the soluble protein N, preventing it from encapsidating non-genomic RNA. Also inhibits host IFN-alpha and IFN-beta signaling by binding and retaining phosphorylated STAT1 in the cytoplasm or by inhibiting the DNA binding of STAT1 in the nucleus. Might be involved, through interaction with host dynein, in intracellular microtubule-dependent virus transport of incoming virus from the synapse toward the cell body (By similarity). Inhibits interferon induction pathways by interacting with host TBK1 and preventing the formation of dynamic cytoplasmic condensates that have liquid properties and that are essential for interferon production (PubMed:36640307). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform P3]: Host nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Phosphoprotein]: Virion. Host cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform P2]: Host cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform P5]: Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lyssavirus protein P family.


FUNCTION: Involved in ascorbate homeostasis. Maintains redox pools of ascorbate by recycling dihydroascorbate (DHA) to ascorbate (Probable). Involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) under oxidative stresses. Possesses dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity in vitro (PubMed:19011360). May function via a ping-pong reaction mechanism with an electron transfer at the active site (PubMed:26775680). Possesses chaperone-like activity in vitro (PubMed:26775680). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. DHAR family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane sphingomyelin to form phosphorylcholine and ceramide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Intermembrane side Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neutral sphingomyelinase family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the nuclear envelope, and of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. Involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control, a mechanism that selectively attenuates the translocation of newly synthesized proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and reroutes them to the cytosol for proteasomal degradation. Plays a role in the regulation of stress granules (SGs) clearance process upon arsenite-induced response (By similarity). Also involved in DNA damage response: recruited to double- strand breaks (DSBs) sites and promotes the recruitment of tp53bp1 at DNA damage sites (By similarity). Together with sprtn metalloprotease, involved in the repair of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) during DNA synthesis (By similarity). Involved in interstrand cross- link repair in response to replication stress by mediating unloading of the ubiquitinated CMG helicase complex (PubMed:30979826, PubMed:30849395, PubMed:30842657). Enhances cell cycle progression and inhibits apoptosis at low temperatures (By similarity). Essential for the maturation of ubiquitin-containing autophagosomes and the clearance of ubiquitinated protein by autophagy (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of type I interferon production by promoting ubiquitination of rigi (By similarity). May play a role in the ubiquitin-dependent sorting of membrane proteins to lysosomes where they undergo degradation (By similarity). May more particularly play a role in caveolins sorting in cells (By similarity). By controlling the steady-state expression of the IGF1R receptor, indirectly regulates the insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Cytoplasm, Stress granule. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of 2-amino-5-formylamino-6- ribofuranosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone ribonucleotide monophosphate and inorganic phosphate from GTP. Also has an independent pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal-type GTP cyclohydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Putative channel that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules through membranes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin (TC 1.B.8.1) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in proteolysis and elastolysis (degradation of the host protein elastin). Has staphylolytic activity (degrades pentaglycine cross-links in cell wall peptidogylcan), preferring Gly- Gly-|-X substrates where X is Ala or Gly. Enhances the elastolytic but not proteolytic activity of elastase (lasB) and elastolytic activity of other proteases. Degradation of elastin is likely to contribute to the pathogenicity of P.aeruginosa. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M23A family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator which activates the CDKN2A/ARF locus in response to Ras-Raf signaling, thereby promoting p53/TP53- dependent growth arrest (By similarity). Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-CCCG[GT]ATGT-3' (By similarity). Isoform 1 may cooperate with MYB to activate transcription of the ANPEP gene. Isoform 2 may antagonize transcriptional activation by isoform 1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DMTF1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DnaX/STICHEL family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the partitioning of the mitochondrial organelle and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the misato family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ADP, which is converted to AMP. Together with NAD(P)HX epimerase, which catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms, the enzyme allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NnrD/CARKD family.


FUNCTION: Capsid protein that self-associates to form pentons, building the capsid in association with hexamers of the major capsid protein and one dodecamer of the portal protein. The capsid vertex protein self- associates to form 11 pentons, building the T=13 laevo capsid in association with 160 hexamers of the major capsid protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Mature capsid vertex protein]: Virion. Note=Part of the capsid icosahedric shell of the mature virion. The capsid contains 55 copies. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Capsid vertex protein]: Virion. Note=Part of the capsid icosahedric shell of the immature virion. The capsid contains 55 copies. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Tevenvirinae capsid vertex family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in centriole duplication in meiosis and mitosis (PubMed:28092264). Required for daughter centrioles to acquire duplication competence and become mother centrioles, and for mother centrioles to maintain duplication competence (PubMed:28092264). Regulates spd-2 centriolar localization and affects the recruitment and incorporation of downstream core components (PubMed:28092264). Also required for the assembly of a peripheral centriole structure called the paddlewheel, for centriole elongation and for pericentriolar material assembly (PubMed:28092264). Required to maintain pcmd-1 at the centrosome in early embryos (PubMed:34545391). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole Note=Localizes to centrioles independently of spd-2.


FUNCTION: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds the consensus region 5'-TTAAT[GT][GA]-3'. This homeotic protein controls development of the cells in the posterior thoracic and first abdominal segments. It activates the synthesis of the decapentaplegic (DPP) growth factor (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in synaptic functions in the CNS. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network Secreted Synapse Note=In the absence of CBLN1, remains in the endoplasmic reticulum/cis-Golgi apparatus. Partial secretion depends on an association with CBLN1 and maybe CBLN4, but not on CBLN2 (By similarity).


FUNCTION: Represses the phnDCE operon, involved in the uptake of phosphate, under conditions of phosphate availability in the cell. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (Probable). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity (By similarity). Has roles in embryogenesis and ovulation (PubMed:10846178). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=In embryonic cells, detected in dot-like structures in the cytoplasm around the nuclei. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Behaves as a cytokine, promoting IL17A secretion by CD4+ T-cells, and differentiation and activation of IL17 producing helper T-cells (TH17). FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Inhibitory immune receptor involved in the regulation of phagocytes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Component of the distal appendage region of the centriole involved in the initiation of primary cilium assembly. May collaborate with IFT20 in the trafficking of ciliary membrane proteins from the Golgi complex to the cilium during the initiation of primary cilium assembly (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole Note=Localizes specifically to the distal appendage region of the centriole, which anchors the mother centriole to the plasma membrane. Localizes to centrioles at all stages of the cell cycle, including mitosis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CEP83 family.


FUNCTION: Olfactory receptor (PubMed:29249973, PubMed:27226631). Activated by the odorant, beta-ionone, a synthetic terpenoid (PubMed:29249973, PubMed:27226631, PubMed:19389702). The activity of this receptor is probably mediated by G-proteins leading to the elevation of intracellular Ca(2+), cAMP and activation of the protein kinases PKA and MAPK3/MAPK1 (PubMed:27226631, PubMed:29249973). Stimulation of OR51E2 by beta-ionone affects melanocyte proliferation, differentiation, and melanogenesis (PubMed:27226631). Activation of OR51E2 by beta-ionone increases proliferation and migration of primary retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells (PubMed:29249973). Activated also by the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) acetate and propionate. In response to SCFA, may positively regulate renin secretion and increase blood pressure (PubMed:23401498). May also be activated by steroid hormones and regulate cell proliferation (PubMed:19389702). Activated by L-lactate in glomus cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Secretory granules. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the heat-stable enterotoxin family.


FUNCTION: Murein-degrading enzyme. May play a role in recycling of muropeptides during cell elongation and/or cell division. Preferentially cleaves at a distance of more than two disaccharide units from the ends of the glycan chain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transglycosylase Slt family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family.


FUNCTION: Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the third mannose to Man2-GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family. PIGB subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL40 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein; Lumenal side Lysosome lumen Note=The soluble form arises by proteolytic processing of the membrane-bound form. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a transcriptional regulator. Functions in the differentiation and the maintenance of the central serotonergic neurons. May play a role in cell growth (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ETS family.


FUNCTION: ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and is required for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX54/DBP10 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Histone methyltransferase that sequentially mono-, di-, and tri-methylates both 'Lys-4' (H3K4) and 'Lys-36' (H3K36) of histone H3 to produce respectively trimethylated 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) and trimethylated 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) histone H3 and plays a key role in meiotic prophase by determining hotspot localization thereby promoting meiotic recombination (PubMed:24634223, PubMed:24095733, PubMed:26833727, PubMed:27129774). Can also methylate all four core histones with H3 being the best substrate and the most highly modified (PubMed:24095733, PubMed:24634223, PubMed:26833727). Is also able, on one hand, to mono and di-methylate H4K20 and on other hand to trimethylate H3K9 with the di-methylated H3K9 as the best substrate (By similarity). During meiotic prophase, binds specific DNA sequences through its zinc finger domains thereby determining hotspot localization where it promotes local H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 enrichment on the same nucleosomes through its histone methyltransferase activity (PubMed:26833727). Thereby promotes double-stranded breaks (DSB) formation, at this subset of PRDM9-binding sites, that initiates meiotic recombination for the proper meiotic progression (By similarity). During meiotic progression hotspot-bound PRDM9 interacts with several complexes; in early leptonema binds CDYL and EHMT2 followed by EWSR1 and CXXC1 by the end of leptonema. EWSR1 joins PRDM9 with the chromosomal axis through REC8 (By similarity). In this way, controls the DSB repair pathway, pairing of homologous chromosomes and sex body formation (By similarity). Moreover plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of genes during early meiotic prophase thanks to H3K4me3 and H3K36me3 enrichment that represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (By similarity). In addition performs automethylation (By similarity). Acetylation and phosphorylation of histone H3 attenuate or prevent histone H3 methylation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=Localizes in nuclei of pre-leptotene, leptotene, and early to mid-zygotene spermatocytes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.


FUNCTION: Exhibits an intrinsic ATPase activity that is stimulated by both 70S ribosomes and 30S ribosomal subunits. Could be involved in protein-chain elongation and in release of deacyl-tRNA from ribosomes after peptide bond synthesis. Stimulates the synthesis of polyphenylalanine in vitro. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the ABC-2 integral membrane protein family.


FUNCTION: Involved in ds DNA break repair. Has a role in non-homologous integration (NHI) pathways where it is required in the final step of non-homologous end-joining. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TrkH potassium transport family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of carbazole, a toxic N- heterocyclic aromatic compound containing dibenzopyrrole system. Catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of a carbon-carbon bond of 2-hydroxy- 6-oxo-6-(2'-aminophenyl)hexa-2,4-dienoic acid (HOPDA) to yield anthranilate. CarC is specific for 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4- dienoic acid (6-phenyl-HODA), and has little activity toward 2-hydroxy- 6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoic acid and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. The effect of the presence of an amino group or hydroxyl group at the 2'- position of phenyl moiety of 6-phenyl-HODA on the enzyme activity is found to be small. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DmpD/TodF/XylF esterase family.


FUNCTION: CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) is an adaptive immune system that provides protection against mobile genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements and conjugative plasmids). CRISPR clusters contain sequences complementary to antecedent mobile elements and target invading nucleic acids. CRISPR clusters are transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNA (crRNA). This protein may be a 5' to 3' ssDNA exonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CRISPR-associated exonuclease Cas4 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in 2-micron plasmid partitioning. Antagonizes transcriptional repression of recombinase FLP by REP1-REP2 (PubMed:2832156). Regulates both stability and copy number of the plasmid by blocking the formation of the REP1-REP2 repressor complex (PubMed:28472368).


FUNCTION: Component of RNA polymerase I core factor complex that acts as a GTF2B/TFIIB-like factor and plays a key role in multiple steps during transcription initiation such as pre-initiation complex (PIC) assembly and postpolymerase recruitment events in polymerase I (Pol I) transcription. Binds rDNA promoters and plays a role in Pol I recruitment (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRN7/TAF1B family.


FUNCTION: In presence of 2,4-D, stimulates proliferation of the cells, but does not stimulate differentiation into the somatic embryos. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phytosulfokine family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the opacity porin family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex WtpABC involved in molybdate/tungstate import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family.


FUNCTION: Subunits I and II form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via heme a and Cu(A) to the binuclear center formed by heme a3 and Cu(B). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for the succinyl substitution of periplasmic glucans. Could catalyze the transfer of succinyl residues from the cytoplasmic side of the membrane to the nascent glucan backbones on the periplasmic side of the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyltransferase 3 family. OpgC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probably part of an ABC transporter complex. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family.


FUNCTION: Negative regulator of EGFR signaling in skin morphogenesis. Acts as a negative regulator for several EGFR family members, including ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4. Inhibits EGFR catalytic activity by interfering with its dimerization. Inhibits autophosphorylation of EGFR, ERBB2 and ERBB4. Important for normal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Plays a role in modulating the response to steroid hormones in the uterus. Required for normal response to progesterone in the uterus and for fertility. Mediates epithelial estrogen responses in the uterus by regulating ESR1 levels and activation. Important for regulation of endometrium cell proliferation. Important for normal prenatal and perinatal lung development (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Nucleus Note=Associated with the plasma membrane of basal skin keratinocytes. Translocates into the nucleus of differentiating suprabasal keratinocytes (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIG6 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall Secreted, extracellular space, apoplast Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family. XTH group 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Sodium-ion independent, medium affinity carnitine transporter. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without the involvement of sodium. Relative uptake activity ratio of carnitine to TEA is 746. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.


FUNCTION: Dual specificity kinase acting on both serine/threonine and tyrosine-containing substrates. Phosphorylates serine- and arginine- rich (SR) proteins of the spliceosomal complex and may be a constituent of a network of regulatory mechanisms that enable SR proteins to control RNA splicing. Phosphorylates: SRSF1, SRSF3 and PTPN1. Regulates the alternative splicing of tissue factor (F3) pre-mRNA in endothelial cells and adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Lammer subfamily.


FUNCTION: Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. Synthesizes oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M50B family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Plays a role in both the assembly of the exocyst and the polarization of this complex to specific sites of the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Also involved in assembly of the spliceosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle Note=Cell periphery. The polarization of EXO84 requires actin cables (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EXO84 family.


FUNCTION: Participates in electron transfer between P700 and the cytochrome b6-f complex in photosystem I. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Lumenal side Note=Loosely bound to the inner thylakoid membrane surface in chloroplasts (PubMed:10220581). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plastocyanin family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a regulator of Wnt signaling pathway by regulating beta-catenin (CTNNB1) nuclear localization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAM53 family.


FUNCTION: Regulator of the TOR pathway, a signaling cascade that promotes cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. As part of the Ragulator complex, may activate the TOR signaling cascade in response to amino acids (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LAMTOR5 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DedA family.


FUNCTION: Small multifunctional phosphoprotein involved in virion morphogenesis, egress and counteracting host innate immunity. Plays critical roles in the final steps of viral release by interacting with host TSG101, a member of the vacuolar protein-sorting pathway and using other cellular host proteins involved in vesicle formation pathway. Acts also as a viroporin and forms ion conductive pores allowing viral particle release. Impairs the generation of type I interferon by down- regulating host TLR3 and TLR7 as well as their downstream signaling pathways. Down-regulates the phosphorylation of host IRF3 via the interaction with host SIRP-alpha, thereby inhibiting IFN-I expression. Interacts with host microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Lipid-anchor Host cytoplasm, host cytoskeleton Virion Host cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Note=The N-terminal region seems to associate with the cytoskeleton probably via one of its hydrophobic regions. Present on the surface of the membrane-wrapped virions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the hepevirus ORF3 protein family.


FUNCTION: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Beta-4/CHRNB4 sub- subfamily.


FUNCTION: One-heme-containing cytochrome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.


FUNCTION: Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SWEET sugar transporter family.


FUNCTION: Diacylglycerol kinase that converts diacylglycerol/DAG into phosphatidic acid/phosphatidate/PA and regulates the respective levels of these two bioactive lipids (PubMed:2175712, PubMed:15544348). Thereby, acts as a central switch between the signaling pathways activated by these second messengers with different cellular targets and opposite effects in numerous biological processes (PubMed:2175712, PubMed:15544348). Also plays an important role in the biosynthesis of complex lipids (Probable). Can also phosphorylate 1-alkyl-2- acylglycerol in vitro as efficiently as diacylglycerol provided it contains an arachidonoyl group (PubMed:15544348). Also involved in the production of alkyl-lysophosphatidic acid, another bioactive lipid, through the phosphorylation of 1-alkyl-2-acetyl glycerol (PubMed:22627129). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.


FUNCTION: Attaches the virus to sialic acid-containing cell receptors and thereby initiating infection. Binding of HN protein to the receptor induces a conformational change that allows the F protein to trigger virion/cell membranes fusion (By similarity). FUNCTION: Neuraminidase activity ensures the efficient spread of the virus by dissociating the mature virions from the neuraminic acid containing glycoproteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paramyxoviruses hemagglutinin-neuraminidase family.


FUNCTION: Transforms N-isopropylammelide to cyanuric acid and isopropylamine. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. N- acyl-D-amino-acid deacylase family.


FUNCTION: Amphipathic peptide that displays potent antimicrobial activities against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative planktonic bacteria with MIC values in the range 5 uM to 10 uM (Ref.2). In more details, it is active on Listeria ivanovii (MIC=5 uM), Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC=10 uM), Salmonella enterica (MIC=5 uM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) (MIC=5 uM), Acinetobacter baumannii (MIC=5 uM), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC=5 uM), Escherichia coli (MIC=7.5 uM), Salmonella typhimurium (MIC=7.5 uM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) (MIC=10 uM) (Ref.2). Is also able to prevent P.aeruginosa biofilm formation while showing weak hemolytic activity towards human erythrocytes (Ref.2). Probably induces bacterial cell death through membrane permeabilization (Ref.2). Moreover, shows DNA-binding activities (Ref.2). Also exerts potent selective cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity against three different prostate cancer cell lines (IC(50)=4.4-7.8 uM), compared to non-tumorigenic cell lines (IC(50)=59.7 uM in Vero and 62.5 uM in HUVEC cells) (Ref.1). This peptide possibly exerts its cytotoxic activity through a necrotic mode of cell death (Ref.1). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane Note=Forms a helical membrane channel in the prey. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Long chain multifunctional peptide (group 2) family.


FUNCTION: Nuclease that is responsible for viral evasion of host cGAS- STING innate immunity. Cleaves 2',3'-cGAMP which is produced by host cGAS following recognition of cytosolic DNA and blocks the subsequent 2',3'-cGAMP-mediated activation of TMEM173/STING, which normally spreads to adjacent cells and activates the interferon and NF-kappa-B immune responses. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the Schlafen protein family. Subgroup poxviridae B3 subfamily. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the poxin family.


FUNCTION: Small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Active GTP-bound form is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. RAB5A is required for the fusion of plasma membranes and early endosomes. Contributes to the regulation of filopodia extension. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63, PDCD6IP and syndecan. Regulates maturation of apoptotic cell-containing phagosomes, probably downstream of DYN2 and PIK3C3. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Early endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor Melanosome Cytoplasmic vesicle Cell projection, ruffle Membrane Cytoplasm, cytosol Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane Endosome membrane Note=Enriched in stage I melanosomes. Alternates between membrane-bound and cytosolic forms. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Receptor for the chemotactic and inflammatory peptide anaphylatoxin C3a. This receptor stimulates chemotaxis, granule enzyme release and superoxide anion production (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated Ndc80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity during meiosis and mitosis. Required for kinetochore integrity and the organization of stable microtubule binding sites in the outer plate of the kinetochore. Participates in SAC signaling that responds specifically to disruptions in spindle microtubule dynamics. The NDC80 complex synergistically enhances the affinity of the SKA1 complex for microtubules and may allow the NDC80 complex to track depolymerizing microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPC25 family.


FUNCTION: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase belonging to a proposed calcium-triggered signaling cascade. In vitro, isoform 1 and isoform 2 phosphorylate CREB1, SYN1/synapsin I. Phosphorylates and activates CAMK1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.


FUNCTION: One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit. FUNCTION: Located at the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.


FUNCTION: Binds to heterochromatin. Does not interact with either methylated or unmethylated DNA (in vitro) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=Associated with pericentric heterochromatin in about 25% of the cells.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion tegument. Host nucleus matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae US10 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0496 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre- rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre- ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (By similarity). Subunit of the 40S ribosomal complex (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS12 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 10 family.


FUNCTION: This is one of 3 proteins that mediate the attachment of the 5S rRNA onto the large ribosomal subunit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL25 family. CTC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the adenylation by ATP of the carboxyl group of the C-terminal glycine of sulfur carrier protein ThiS. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HesA/MoeB/ThiF family.


FUNCTION: Mitotic serine/threonine kinase that contributes to the regulation of cell cycle progression (PubMed:26246606, PubMed:12390251, PubMed:18615013, PubMed:11039908, PubMed:17125279, PubMed:17360485). Associates with the centrosome and the spindle microtubules during mitosis and plays a critical role in various mitotic events including the establishment of mitotic spindle, centrosome duplication, centrosome separation as well as maturation, chromosomal alignment, spindle assembly checkpoint, and cytokinesis (PubMed:26246606, PubMed:14523000). Required for normal spindle positioning during mitosis and for the localization of NUMA1 and DCTN1 to the cell cortex during metaphase (PubMed:27335426). Required for initial activation of CDK1 at centrosomes (PubMed:13678582, PubMed:15128871). Phosphorylates numerous target proteins, including ARHGEF2, BORA, BRCA1, CDC25B, DLGP5, HDAC6, KIF2A, LATS2, NDEL1, PARD3, PPP1R2, PLK1, RASSF1, TACC3, p53/TP53 and TPX2 (PubMed:18056443, PubMed:15128871, PubMed:14702041, PubMed:11551964, PubMed:15147269, PubMed:15987997, PubMed:17604723, PubMed:18615013). Regulates KIF2A tubulin depolymerase activity (PubMed:19351716). Important for microtubule formation and/or stabilization (PubMed:18056443). Required for normal axon formation (PubMed:19812038). Plays a role in microtubule remodeling during neurite extension (PubMed:19668197). Also acts as a key regulatory component of the p53/TP53 pathway, and particularly the checkpoint- response pathways critical for oncogenic transformation of cells, by phosphorylating and destabilizing p53/TP53 (PubMed:14702041). Phosphorylates its own inhibitors, the protein phosphatase type 1 (PP1) isoforms, to inhibit their activity (PubMed:11551964). Inhibits cilia outgrowth (By similarity). Required for cilia disassembly via phosphorylation of HDAC6 and subsequent deacetylation of alpha-tubulin (PubMed:17604723, PubMed:20643351). Regulates protein levels of the anti-apoptosis protein BIRC5 by suppressing the expression of the SCF(FBXL7) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase substrate adapter FBXL7 through the phosphorylation of the transcription factor FOXP1 (PubMed:28218735). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole Cell projection, neuron projection Cell projection, cilium Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body Basolateral cell membrane Note=Detected at the neurite hillock in developing neurons (By similarity). Localizes at the centrosome in mitotic cells from early prophase until telophase, but also localizes to the spindle pole MTs from prophase to anaphase (PubMed:9606188, PubMed:17229885, PubMed:21225229). Colocalized with SIRT2 at centrosome (PubMed:22014574). Moves to the midbody during both telophase and cytokinesis (PubMed:17726514). Associates with both the pericentriolar material (PCM) and centrioles (PubMed:22014574). The localization to the spindle poles is regulated by AAAS (PubMed:26246606). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in rRNA-processing and ribosome biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family. Highly divergent.


FUNCTION: Recognizes base lesions in the genome and initiates base excision DNA repair. Acts as a monofunctional DNA glycosylase specific for uracil (U) residues in DNA with a preference for single-stranded DNA substrates. Does not exhibit any enzymatic activity towards G/T mismatches. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. SMUG1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the EvC complex that positively regulates ciliary Hedgehog (Hh) signaling (PubMed:24582806). Required for proper limb morphogenesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell projection, cilium membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The EvC complex localizes at the base of cilia in the EvC zone of primary cilia in a EFCAB7-dependent manner (PubMed:24582806).


FUNCTION: This enzyme may serve as a scavenger, allowing the cell to utilize biotin sulfoxide as a biotin source. It reduces a spontaneous oxidation product of biotin, D-biotin D-sulfoxide (BSO or BDS), back to biotin (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prokaryotic molybdopterin-containing oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.


FUNCTION: Has no serine protease inhibitory activity, probably due to mutations in the scaffold impairing conformational change. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional repressor. Specifically binds DNA and probably acts by recruiting chromatin remodeling multiprotein complexes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus, nucleoplasm Note=In skeletal myofibers, highly enriched in subsynaptic nuclei at the neuromuscular junctions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZBTB18 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for ovule fertilization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Involved in mitochondrial genome encoded proteins translation. Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, neuronal growth cone collapse and cell migration (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Hydantoinase/dihydropyrimidinase family.


FUNCTION: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase- activating proteins (GAP) (PubMed:16525022, PubMed:18588884). Required for normal cytokinesis and cilia signaling (PubMed:22085962). Requires assistance from GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) like RP2 and PDE6D, in order to cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound forms. Required for targeting proteins to the cilium, including myristoylated NPHP3 and prenylated INPP5E (PubMed:30269812). Targets NPHP3 to the ciliary membrane by releasing myristoylated NPHP3 from UNC119B cargo adapter into the cilium (PubMed:22085962). Required for PKD1:PKD2 complex targeting from the trans-Golgi network to the cilium (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Cytoplasm. Cell projection, cilium Note=Detected predominantly in the photoreceptor connecting cilium. Present on the mitotic spindle. Centrosome-associated throughout the cell cycle. Not detected to interphase microtubules. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.


FUNCTION: Acts a maleylacetone isomerase. Also catalyzes the glutathione-dependent dehalogenation of dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid. In vitro, possesses glutathione peroxidase activity toward cumene hydroperoxide and linoleic acid-13-hydroperoxide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Zeta family.


FUNCTION: Required for normal transcription at a number of loci in yeast.


FUNCTION: An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease and possibly endoonuclease activity. Involved in maturation of rRNA and in some organisms also mRNA maturation and/or decay (By similarity). FUNCTION: An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease and possible endonuclease activity. Involved in maturation of rRNA and in some organisms also mRNA maturation and/or decay (By similarity). Has both beta-lactamase and RNase activity, but the physiological relevance of the beta- lactamase activity, i.e. whether it confers antibiotic resistance, has not been shown (PubMed:21568871). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA- metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. Bacterial RNase J subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for normal levels of the cell wall 1,6-beta-glucan. Involved in a protein folding machinery chaperoning proteins acting in various physiological processes including cell wall synthesis and lysis of autophagic bodies (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ROT1 family.


FUNCTION: ATP-dependent annealing helicase that binds selectively to fork DNA relative to ssDNA or dsDNA and catalyzes the rewinding of the stably unwound DNA. Rewinds single-stranded DNA bubbles that are stably bound by replication protein A (RPA). Acts throughout the genome to reanneal stably unwound DNA, performing the opposite reaction of many enzymes, such as helicases and polymerases, that unwind DNA. May play an important role in DNA damage response by acting at stalled replication forks. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Recruited to damaged DNA regions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. SMARCAL1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Inhibits mammalian alpha-amylases specifically but has no action on plant and microbial alpha-amylases.


FUNCTION: Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor. The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm. Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion of the receptor into the organelle membrane with the concomitant translocation of the cargo into the peroxisome matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxin-14 family.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to generate 2 second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). DAG mediates the activation of protein kinase C (PKC), while IP3 releases Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. Required for acrosome reaction in sperm during fertilization, probably by acting as an important enzyme for intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in the zona pellucida-induced acrosome reaction. May play a role in cell growth. Modulates the liver regeneration in cooperation with nuclear PKC. Overexpression up-regulates the Erk signaling pathway and proliferation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Nucleus Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Note=Localizes primarily to intracellular membranes mostly to the endoplasmic reticulum.


FUNCTION: Cell surface proteoglycan (By similarity). Negatively regulates the hedgehog signaling pathway when attached via the GPI- anchor to the cell surface by competing with the hedgehog receptor PTC1 for binding to hedgehog proteins (By similarity). Binding to the hedgehog protein SHH triggers internalization of the complex by endocytosis and its subsequent lysosomal degradation (By similarity). Positively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by binding to the Wnt receptor Frizzled and stimulating the binding of the Frizzled receptor to Wnt ligands (By similarity). Positively regulates the non- canonical Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). Binds to CD81 which decreases the availability of free CD81 for binding to the transcriptional repressor HHEX, resulting in nuclear translocation of HHEX and transcriptional repression (By similarity). Inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase activity of DPP4 (By similarity). Plays a role in limb patterning and skeletal development by controlling the cellular response to BMP4 (By similarity). Modulates the effects of growth factors BMP2, BMP7 and FGF7 on renal branching morphogenesis (By similarity). Required for coronary vascular development (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating cell movements during gastrulation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor; Extracellular side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glypican family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transketolase family.


FUNCTION: Molecular chaperone; binds unfolded polypeptides in vitro, and has a weak ATPase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TCP-1 chaperonin family.


FUNCTION: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity). FUNCTION: This coatomer complex protein, essential for Golgi budding and vesicular trafficking, is a selective binding protein (RACK) for protein kinase C, epsilon type. It binds to Golgi membranes in a GTP- dependent manner (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it. Shows only a slight preference for the cis-Golgi apparatus, compared with the trans-Golgi. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat COPB2 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0309 family.


FUNCTION: Aminopeptidase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of amino acid residues from the N-terminus of peptide or protein substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 3]: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M1 family.


FUNCTION: Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase with relaxed tRNA specificity since it is able to aspartylate not only its cognate tRNA(Asp) but also tRNA(Asn). Is 1.7 times more efficient at aminoacylating tRNA(Asp) over tRNA(Asn). Reaction proceeds in two steps: L-aspartate is first activated by ATP to form Asp-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Asp/Asn). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long- chain fatty acids (PubMed:12758125). Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs such as palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA) to 2-trans- enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs) such as (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA, and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) (PubMed:12758125). Isoform 2 shows higher activity with hexadecanoyl-CoA as substrate than isoform 1 (PubMed:12758125). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic component of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. Acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4 which is required for telomeric silencing. Has intrinsic substrate specificity that modifies lysine in recognition sequence GXGKXG. Involved in DNA double-strand break repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAT1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the TRAPP I, TRAPP II and TRAPP III complexes which act as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for YPT1. TRAPP I plays a key role in the late stages of endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi traffic. TRAPP II plays a role in intra-Golgi transport. TRAPP III plays a role in autophagosome formation. Required for sporulation. Has a role late in meiosis following DNA replication. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network. Endoplasmic reticulum. Preautophagosomal structure. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Has low chemotactic activity for eosinophils. May play a role in inflammation and allergy. Has no chitinase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Cytoplasm. Note=Detected in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class II subfamily.


FUNCTION: [CLE13p]: Signaling peptide involved in the regulation of nodulation (PubMed:20348212). Moves from root to shoot to function with the receptor kinase SUNN, in a signaling pathway that plays roles during cellular differentiation, both at the onset of nodulation, and later during nodule meristem development and subsequent homeostasis (PubMed:20348212). Interacts with SUNN signaling to control nodule numbers (PubMed:22168914). SUNN is involved in the autoregulation of nodulation (AON), a long distance systemic signaling from root to shoot and back again, which allows legumes to limit the number of root nodules formed based on available nitrogen and previous rhizobial colonization (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [CLE13p]: Secreted, extracellular space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family.


FUNCTION: Converts acetolactate into acetoin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in regulating carbon and nitrogen allocation to starch and protein (PubMed:25146936). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Hydroxylase involved in the biosynthesis of polymethoxylated flavonoids natural products such as nevadensin and salvigenin, aroma compounds which contribute to the flavor of sweet basil, and exhibit pharmacological activities such as anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, antibacterial, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects (PubMed:23184958). Catalyzes the 6-hydroxylation of 7-O-methylated precursors such as the conversion of genkwanin (GENK) to scutellarein- 7-methyl ether (SCU7Me) (PubMed:23184958). Can also use, with a lower efficiency, apigenin-7,4'-dimethyl ether (AdM), naringenin-7-methyl ether (SAK) and naringenin-7,4'-dimethyl ether (NdM) as substrates (PubMed:23184958). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Shows cytolytic activity on many different cells by forming pore in lipid membranes (PubMed:8182052). In vivo, increases heart rate or kills the animal by cardiac arrest. In addition, it binds to heparin with high affinity, interacts with Kv channel-interacting protein 1 (KCNIP1) in a calcium-independent manner, and binds to integrin alpha- V/beta-3 (ITGAV/ITGB3) with moderate affinity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Short-chain subfamily. Type IA cytotoxin sub-subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0758 family. YicR subfamily.


FUNCTION: Binds to chitin. Shows strong activity against E.coli (IC(50) is 1.2 ug/ml). Is also very active against S.aureus (IC(50) is 0.8 ug/ml), C.albicans (IC(50) is 0.9 ug/ml) and P.pastoris (IC(50) is 0.3 ug/ml). Binds to chitin (5.2 uM are required to obtain 50% of binding). Causes hemolysis on sheep erythrocytes, probably by forming ion- permeable pores. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dienelactone hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Has an acyl-CoA thioesterase activity with a preference for the long chain fatty acyl-CoA thioesters hexadecanoyl-CoA/palmitoyl-CoA and tetradecanoyl-CoA/myristoyl-CoA which are the main substrates in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix Cytoplasm.


SIMILARITY: To M.tuberculosis Rv0487.


FUNCTION: Presents phospholipase and nuclease activities, depending on the different physiological conditions. Interaction with Mitoguardin (MIGA1 or MIGA2) affects the dimer conformation, facilitating the lipase activity over the nuclease activity. Plays a key role in mitochondrial fusion and fission via its phospholipase activity. In its phospholipase role, it uses the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin as substrate to generate phosphatidate (PA or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphate), a second messenger signaling lipid. Production of PA facilitates Mitofusin-mediated fusion, whereas the cleavage of PA by the Lipin family of phosphatases produces diacylgycerol (DAG) which promotes mitochondrial fission. Both Lipin and DAG regulate mitochondrial dynamics and membrane fusion/fission, important processes for adapting mitochondrial metabolism to changes in cell physiology. Mitochondrial fusion enables cells to cope with the increased nucleotide demand during DNA synthesis (By similarity). Mitochondrial function and dynamics are closely associated with biological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. Mediator of MYC activity, promotes mitochondrial fusion and activates AMPK which in turn inhibits YAP/TAZ, thereby inducing cell growth and proliferation. The endonuclease activity plays a critical role in PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis during spermatogenesis. Implicated in spermatogenesis and sperm fertility in testicular germ cells, its single strand-specific nuclease activity is critical for the biogenesis/maturation of PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA). MOV10L1 selectively binds to piRNA precursors and funnels them to the endonuclease that catalyzes the first cleavage step of piRNA processing to generate piRNA intermediate fragments that are subsequently loaded to Piwi proteins. Cleaves either DNA or RNA substrates with similar affinity, producing a 5' phosphate end, in this way it participates in the processing of primary piRNA transcripts. piRNAs provide essential protection against the activity of mobile genetic elements. piRNA- mediated transposon silencing is thus critical for maintaining genome stability, in particular in germline cells when transposons are mobilized as a consequence of wide-spread genomic demethylation. PA may act as signaling molecule in the recognition/transport of the precursor RNAs of primary piRNAs. Interacts with tesmin in testes, suggesting a role in spermatogenesis via association with its interacting partner (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Nucleus membrane Cell membrane Golgi apparatus Note=Localization in the mitochondrial outer membrane is found in different cell types where phospholipase was the predominant activity, however, in pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids of mouse testes where nuclease activity is predominant, localization is restricted to the Golgi, suggesting this enzyme is localized in different subcellular compartments depending on the role (phospholipase or nuclease) it needs to play in each cell type and developmental stage. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase D family. MitoPLD/Zucchini subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS25 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AaeX family.


FUNCTION: Mesodermal transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis and somitogenesis and limb muscle differentiation. Required during limb development for normal appendicular muscle formation and for the normal regulation of myogenic genes. Also acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus speckle.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AGR family.


FUNCTION: Involved in both the normal retinal photoreceptor ribbon synapse formation and physiological functions of visual perception. Necessary for proper bipolar dendritic tip apposition to the photoreceptor ribbon synapse. Promotes matrix assembly and cell adhesiveness. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Synaptic cleft Presynaptic active zone Note=Detected in the synaptic cleft of the ribbon synapse around the postsynaptic terminals of bipolar cells. Colocalizes with BSN, CTBP2 and DAG1 in photoreceptor synaptic terminals.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones (By similarity). Required for auditory function (PubMed:18794526). Component of the cochlear hair cell's mechanotransduction (MET) machinery. Involved in the assembly of the asymmetric tip-link MET complex. Required for transportation of TMC1 and TMC2 proteins into the mechanically sensitive stereocilia of the hair cells. The function in MET is independent of the enzymatic activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum Note=Localized to the cell body of the cochlear hair cells, but is not present in the stereocilia (PubMed:28504928). Present but not restricted to the apical cistern, Hensen's body and the subsurface cistern (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the restriction of long-distance movement of the pathogenic tobacco etch virus (TEV) without causing a hypersensitive response or inducing systemic acquired resistance. Seems to not be involved in heat resistance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Present in sieve elements. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.


FUNCTION: Converts the C20 geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the C40 lycopaoctaene, the first committed intermediate in the production of lycopadiene (PubMed:27050299, PubMed:28813599). Converts farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into squalene, a precursor for sterol biosynthesis in eukaryotes (PubMed:27050299, PubMed:28813599). Converts with low efficiency the C20 phytyl diphosphate (PPP) to the C40 lycopadiene in vitro. This reaction may not have biological significance in vivo (PubMed:27050299). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Small adapter protein that modulate the activity of CLPC (By similarity). Involved in plastid biogenesis in particular when chloroplast protein synthesis capacity is a limiting factor (PubMed:23898032). Probably involved in substrate selection for plastid Clp protease system (PubMed:23898032). Recruitment to ClpC chaperones is facilitated by CLPF thus forming a binary adapter for selective substrate recognition and delivery to plastid Clp protease system (CLPC) (PubMed:26419670). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ClpS family.


FUNCTION: Broad spectrum multifunctional glucosyltransferase. Catalyzes the formation of flavonol 3-O-glucosides during fruit ripening. Accepted substrates include several flavonoids, hydroxycoumarins and beta-naphthols. Uses UDP-Glc as a sugar donor, but not UDP-Gal or UDP- GlcUA. May also be involved in detoxification of xenobiotics. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial activity against B.cereus, L.lactis, L.innocua, M.luteus, P.multocida, S.aureus, S.epidermidis and S.uberis. Probably acts by disturbing membrane functions with its amphipathic structure. Shows anticancer activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Aurein subfamily.


FUNCTION: Putative deoxyribonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. TatD-type hydrolase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0394 family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non- coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, RPB5 is part of the lower jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template. Seems to be the major component in this process (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of centrosome duplication and cell cycle progression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Adapter protein that plays essential roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. Plays a crucial role in the regulation of thymocyte development (PubMed:26195727). Mechanistically, mediates TCR-stimulated activation through recruiting MAP2K1/MEK1 to the Golgi and, thereby, facilitating the interaction of MAP2K1/MEK1 with its activator BRAF (PubMed:26195727). Also plays an essential role in regulatory T-cell stability and function by recruiting the serine-threonine phosphatase catalytic subunit (PPP2CA) to the lysosome, thereby facilitating the interaction of PP2Ac with the mTORC1 component RPTOR and restricting glycolytic metabolism (PubMed:30115741). Positively regulates TLR4 signaling activity in macrophage-mediated inflammation by acting as a molecular clamp to facilitate LPS-induced translocation of TLR4 to lipid rafts (PubMed:30115741). In response to viral infection, facilitates the recruitment of TRAF3 to MAVS within mitochondria leading to IRF3 activation and interferon production (PubMed:30115741). However, participates in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and the prevention of overzealous innate immunity by promoting 'Lys-48'- dependent ubiquitination of TBK1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein Lysosome membrane Mitochondrion outer membrane Note=Accumulates on the mitochondria after virus infection.


FUNCTION: Probably accepts electrons from YgcQ/YgcR and reduces a quinone. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ETF-QO/FixC family.


FUNCTION: Mu-conotoxins block voltage-gated sodium channels. This toxin reversibly blocks voltage-gated sodium channel in cephalopods, with no alteration in the voltage dependence of sodium conductance or on the kinetics of inactivation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Component of the type II secretion system required for the energy-dependent secretion of extracellular factors such as proteases and toxins from the periplasm. Part of the pseudopilus tip complex that is critical for the recognition and binding of secretion substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GSP I family.


FUNCTION: Forms part of the ribosomal stalk, playing a central role in the interaction of the ribosome with GTP-bound translation factors. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in supplying butyryl-CoA for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the conversion of crotonyl-CoA to butyryl-CoA. It shows a high substrate specificity for crotonyl-CoA, a short-chain-length (C4), but no measurable activity is observed with shorter (C3) or longer-chain-length enoyl-CoA thioesters. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Regulator of the mitochondrial protein import machinery that is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) and facilitates the transport of proteins from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix (PubMed:32826315). Not essential for mitochondrial protein import but induced and required when mitochondrial import is compromised (PubMed:32826315). Stimulates or stabilizes the translocation into the mitochondria of proteins such as OXA1, ATP1 and COX12 (PubMed:32826315). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion intermembrane space Note=Imported into the mitochondria via the mitochondrial MIA40-ERV1 machinery. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIX23 family.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Lacks channel activity, due to impaired oligomerization and intracellular retention. FUNCTION: Non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in osmotic sensitivity and mechanosensitivity. Activation by exposure to hypotonicity within the physiological range exhibits an outward rectification (PubMed:18826956, PubMed:18695040, PubMed:29899501). Also activated by heat, low pH, citrate and phorbol esters (PubMed:16293632, PubMed:18826956, PubMed:18695040, PubMed:25256292, PubMed:20037586, PubMed:21964574). Increase of intracellular Ca(2+) potentiates currents. Channel activity seems to be regulated by a calmodulin- dependent mechanism with a negative feedback mechanism (PubMed:12724311, PubMed:18826956). Promotes cell-cell junction formation in skin keratinocytes and plays an important role in the formation and/or maintenance of functional intercellular barriers (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of intracellular Ca(2+) in synoviocytes (PubMed:19759329). Plays an obligatory role as a molecular component in the nonselective cation channel activation induced by 4- alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate and hypotonic stimulation in synoviocytes and also regulates production of IL-8 (PubMed:19759329). Together with PKD2, forms mechano- and thermosensitive channels in cilium (PubMed:18695040). Negatively regulates expression of PPARGC1A, UCP1, oxidative metabolism and respiration in adipocytes (By similarity). Regulates expression of chemokines and cytokines related to pro-inflammatory pathway in adipocytes (By similarity). Together with AQP5, controls regulatory volume decrease in salivary epithelial cells (By similarity). Required for normal development and maintenance of bone and cartilage (PubMed:26249260). In its inactive state, may sequester DDX3X at the plasma membrane. When activated, the interaction between both proteins is affected and DDX3X relocalizes to the nucleus (PubMed:29899501). FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Facilitates hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, possibly through its action on DDX3X. FUNCTION: [Isoform 6]: Lacks channel activity, due to impaired oligomerization and intracellular retention. FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Facilitates Dengue virus (DENV) replication, possibly through its action on DDX3X. FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Facilitates Zika virus (ZIKV) replication, possibly through its action on DDX3X. FUNCTION: [Isoform 4]: Lacks channel activity, due to impaired oligomerization and intracellular retention. FUNCTION: [Isoform 5]: Non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in osmotic sensitivity and mechanosensitivity. Activation by exposure to hypotonicity within the physiological range exhibits an outward rectification. Also activated by phorbol esters. Has the same channel activity as isoform 1, and is activated by the same stimuli. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 4]: Endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell junction, adherens junction Cell projection, cilium Note=Assembly of the putative homotetramer occurs primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 6]: Endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Cell membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 5]: Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV4 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the ethylene response pathway (PubMed:19798512). Involved in wound signaling by binding specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-ATGTACCT-3' found in the promoter of some wound-inducible genes (PubMed:19798512). Binds directly to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTTACAAATACC-3' in the promoter of the GA20OX2 gene to activate its expression at the transcriptional level during ethylene signaling (PubMed:30002253). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EIN3 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in adherence of spores to the host cell surface and in infection efficiency. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Spore wall Spore polar tube Note=Localized to the cytoplasm of sporonts, to the cytoplasm and surface coat of sporoblasts and to the spore wall and polar tube of mature spores.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (By similarity). Required for the production of the monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids (mmBCFAs) isopentadecanoate (C15iso) and isoheptadecanoate (C17iso) (PubMed:15340492). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BCKDHA family.


FUNCTION: Proposed to provide activated sulfate for transfer to nod factor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAPS reductase family. CysD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Phospholipid scramblase involved in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes (By similarity). Has phospholipid scramblase activity toward cholesterol and phosphatidylserine, as well as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine (By similarity). Required for autophagosome formation: participates in early stages of autophagosome biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by reequilibrating the leaflets of the ER as lipids are extracted by ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B) to mediate autophagosome assembly (PubMed:17940279, PubMed:28890335). Regulates ATP2A2 activity to control ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation (By similarity). In addition to autophagy, involved in other processes in which phospholipid scramblase activity is required (By similarity). Modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes (By similarity). Plays an essential role in formation of cell junctions (PubMed:31526472). Upon stress such as bacterial and viral infection, promotes formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles followed by cell death (By similarity). Involved in the cytoplasmic vacuolization of acinar cells during the early stage of acute pancreatitis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Vacuole membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VMP1 family.


FUNCTION: Crucial in the assembly, expression, and functional modulation of the heterotrimeric complex of the sodium channel. The subunit beta-2 causes an increase in the plasma membrane surface area and in its folding into microvilli. Interacts with TNR may play a crucial role in clustering and regulation of activity of sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN2B (TC 8.A.17) family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor implicated in the cell fate determination in various organs. Binds to the E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'. Acts together with pdx1 to induce the pancreatic lineage within the endoderm. Plays a central role in directing the differentiation of retinal progenitors towards horizontal and amacrine fates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: The different isoforms prevent the establishment of cellular antiviral state by blocking the interferon-alpha/beta (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma signaling pathways. They inhibit IFN-alpha/beta induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. Blocking the IFN- alpha/beta pathway requires binding to STAT1 in the cytoplasm. They inhibit IFN-gamma induced serine phosphorylation of STAT1. Block the IFN-gamma pathway by binding to and stabilizing the parallel form of the STAT1 dimer, further inducing high-molecular-weight complex (HMWC) formation and inhibition of transcription by IFN-gamma. May also have a role in preventing the cell to enter apoptosis. Modulate regulation of viral transcription and replication. Overexpression inhibits the viral RNA polymerase. The absence of all C', C, Y1 and Y2 proteins leads to viral delayed growth. Plays an important role in virion particles release. Modulates virion shape. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform C' protein]: Host cytoplasm Note=Protein C' seems to localize around the Golgi. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform C protein]: Host cytoplasm Virion. Note=The C protein is found in virion at a ratio of approximately 40 molecules per virion, presumably associated with the nucleocapsid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the respirovirus protein C family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3- isopropylmalate, via the formation of 2-isopropylmaleate. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3- isopropylmalate, via the formation of 2-isopropylmaleate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LeuD family. LeuD type 1 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LeuD family. LeuD type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Contributes to virulence in host but not to replication in cell culture. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host cytoplasm Note=Localized to the interior of virions, primarily between the membrane and core. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthopoxvirus OPG091 family.


FUNCTION: Pectinolytic enzymes consist of four classes of enzymes: pectin lyase, polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase and rhamnogalacturonase. Degrades the rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone of pectin (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 4 family.


FUNCTION: S-layer protein. The S-layer is a paracrystalline mono- layered assembly of proteins which coat the surface of the cell. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall, S-layer Cell membrane Note=This archaeon is covered by an S-layer with hexagonal symmetry. S-layer glycoproteins are anchored to the plasma membrane as well as being surface-exposed (PubMed:2123862, PubMed:1569073). Bound to the membrane via a covalent lipid-mediated ArtA-dependent anchoring mechanism (PubMed:26712937). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the halobacterial S-layer protein family.


SIMILARITY: To E.coli YggL.


FUNCTION: Component of the chloroplast ribosome (chloro-ribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of chloroplast genome-encoded proteins, including proteins of the transcription and translation machinery and components of the photosynthetic apparatus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL32 family.


FUNCTION: Degradation of inorganic polyphosphates (polyP). Releases orthophosphate processively from the ends of the polyP chain. Has a strong preference for long-chain polyphosphates and has only weak affinity for smaller size polyP of about 15 residues. FUNCTION: Degradation of inorganic polyphosphates (polyP). Releases orthophosphate processively from the ends of the polyP chain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GppA/Ppx family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D- gluconate (2-deoxy-5-keto-D-gluconate or DKG) to 6-phospho-5-dehydro-2- deoxy-D-gluconate (DKGP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.


FUNCTION: Ceramide synthase that catalyzes the transfer of the acyl chain from acyl-CoA to a sphingoid base, with high selectivity toward stearoyl-CoA (octadecanoyl-CoA; C18:0-CoA) (PubMed:17977534, PubMed:23530041, PubMed:26887952, PubMed:31916624). N-acylates sphinganine and sphingosine bases to form dihydroceramides and ceramides in de novo synthesis and salvage pathways, respectively (PubMed:17977534, PubMed:23530041, PubMed:26887952, PubMed:31916624, PubMed:24782409). Plays a predominant role in skeletal muscle in regulating C18 ceramide and dihydroceramide levels with an impact on whole-body glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Protects from diet-induced obesity by suppressing the uptake of glucose in multiple organs in a FGF21-dependent way (By similarity). Generates C18 ceramides in the brain, playing a critical role in cerebellar development and Purkinje cell function (By similarity). In response to cellular stress mediates mitophagy, a known defense mechanism against cell transformation and aging. Upon mitochondria fission, generates C18 ceramides that anchor lipidated MAP1LC3B/LC3B-II autophagolysosomes to outer mitochondrial membranes to eliminate damaged mitochondria (PubMed:22922758). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: May be involved in telomere capping. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MTC2 family.


FUNCTION: Lipid kinase that can phosphorylate both monoacylglycerol and diacylglycerol to form lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and phosphatidic acid (PA), respectively (By similarity). Phosphorylates ceramide but not sphingosine (By similarity). Phosphorylates 1,2-dioleoylglycerol more rapidly than 2,3-dioleoylglycerol (By similarity). Independently of its lipid kinase activity, acts as a component of the TIM22 complex (By similarity). The TIM22 complex mediates the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane by forming a twin-pore translocase that uses the membrane potential as the external driving force (By similarity). In the TIM22 complex, required for the import of a subset of metabolite carriers into mitochondria, such as ANT1/SLC25A4 and SLC25A24, while it is not required for the import of TIMM23 (By similarity). Overexpression increases the formation and secretion of LPA, resulting in transactivation of EGFR and activation of the downstream MAPK signaling pathway, leading to increased cell growth (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Mitochondrion intermembrane space Note=Localizes in the mitochondrion intermembrane space, where it associates with the inner membrane. It is unclear whether the N-terminal hydrophobic region forms a transmembrane region or associates with the membrane without crossing it. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AGK family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a GTPase activating protein for RAB5. Does not act on RAB4 or RAB11 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Note=Associated with lipid rafts.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4- methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2- oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.


FUNCTION: ATP transporter involved in the uptake of ATP from the host cell cytoplasm. Provides the microsporidian cell with host ATP in exchange for ADP. This is an obligate exchange system. This energy acquiring activity is an important component of microsporidian parasitism (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ADP/ATP translocase tlc family.


FUNCTION: Functions as an E3-type smo-1 ligase (PubMed:15654100, PubMed:16701625, PubMed:16549501, PubMed:25475837). Mediates smo-1 conjugation to air-2 in vitro and is required for proper chromosome alignment (PubMed:25475837). In the early embryo, specifically suppresses checkpoint activation in response to DNA damage, maybe by promoting mus-101 sumoylation (PubMed:15654100). In embryos, plays a role in determining telomere localization in the nucleus (PubMed:24297748). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PIAS family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: Dioxygenase that can both act as a arginine demethylase and a lysyl-hydroxylase. Acts as a lysyl-hydroxylase that catalyzes 5- hydroxylation on specific lysine residues of target proteins such as u2af2/u2af65 and LUC7L2. Regulates RNA splicing by mediating 5- hydroxylation of u2af2/u2af65, affecting the pre-mRNA splicing activity of u2af2/u2af65. Hydroxylates its own N-terminus, which is required for homooligomerization. In addition to peptidyl-lysine 5-dioxygenase activity, may act as an RNA hydroxylase, as suggested by its ability to bind single strand RNA. Also acts as an arginine demethylase which preferentially demethylates asymmetric dimethylation. Demethylates histone H3 at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me) and histone H4 at 'Arg-3' (H4R3me), including mono-, symmetric di- and asymmetric dimethylated forms, thereby playing a role in histone code. However, histone arginine demethylation may not constitute the primary activity in vivo. In collaboration with brd4, interacts with the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) complex in its active form to regulate polymerase II promoter-proximal pause release for transcriptional activation of a large cohort of genes. Demethylates other arginine methylated-proteins such as esr1. Has no histone lysine demethylase activity (By similarity). Required for differentiation of multiple organs during embryogenesis. Acts as a key regulator of hematopoietic differentiation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the JMJD6 family.


FUNCTION: Cell-to-cell movement. Displays RNA-binding activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tombusvirus/aureusvirus movement protein p22 family.


FUNCTION: Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that shows strong myotoxicity and induces edema in mice. Shows no cytotoxicity in vitro. Has a strong anticoagulant effect in vitro. PLA2 catalyzes the calcium- dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group I subfamily. D49 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: 4'-O-methyltransferase converting norbelladine to 4'-O- methylnorbelladine. 4'-O-methylnorbelladine is a precursor to all Amaryllidaceae alkaloids such as galanthamine, lycorine and haemanthamine, and including haemanthamine- and crinamine-type alkaloids, promising anticancer agents. Can use norbelladine, N- methylnorbelladine and dopamine as substrate, but not caffeic acid, vanillin, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and tyramine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide with the help of a quinone, such as ubiquinone-10, giving rise to thiosulfate and ultimately to sulfane (molecular sulfur) atoms. Requires an additional electron acceptor; can use sulfite, sulfide or cyanide (in vitro) (PubMed:22852582). It is believed the in vivo electron acceptor is glutathione (PubMed:25225291, PubMed:29715001). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SQRD family.


FUNCTION: Probable transmembrane component of the energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporter complex LarMNQO involved in nickel import. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CbiQ family.


FUNCTION: Has activity against some Gram-positive bacteria and S.cerevisiae. Has a non-hemolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ponericin-G family.


FUNCTION: D-type phospholipase that hydrolyzes N-acyl- phosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs) to produce bioactive N- acylethanolamines/fatty acid ethanolamides (NAEs/FAEs) and phosphatidic acid (PubMed:14634025, PubMed:15760304, PubMed:17655883, PubMed:21801852). Cleaves the terminal phosphodiester bond of diacyl- and alkenylacyl-NAPEs, primarily playing a role in the generation of long-chain saturated and monounsaturated NAEs in the brain (PubMed:21801852, PubMed:16605240). May control NAPE homeostasis in dopaminergic neuron membranes and regulate neuron survival, partly through RAC1 activation (PubMed:31685899). As a regulator of lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue, mediates the crosstalk between adipocytes, gut microbiota and immune cells to control body temperature and weight. In particular, regulates energy homeostasis by promoting cold-induced brown or beige adipocyte differentiation program to generate heat from fatty acids and glucose (PubMed:25757720). Has limited D-type phospholipase activity toward N-acyl lyso-NAPEs (PubMed:14634025). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Nucleus envelope Nucleus, nucleoplasm Note=Localized in the proximity of the cellular membranes likely through interaction with membrane phospholipids. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAPE-PLD family.


FUNCTION: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the spliceosome (By similarity). Selectively regulates alternative splicing of unc-52 exon 17 (PubMed:11438655, PubMed:15254247). Thus, smu-1 mutants selectively suppress the effects of unc-52 nonsense mutations in exon 17 by promoting the accumulation of unc-52 isoforms that lack exon 17 and enhance the effects of unc-52 mutations that affect the exon 16 splice donor site (PubMed:11438655, PubMed:15254247). In contrast, smu-1 mutants do not suppress unc-52 nonsense mutations in exon 18 (PubMed:11438655). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat SMU1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome), a dedicated translation machinery responsible for the synthesis of mitochondrial genome-encoded proteins, including at least some of the essential transmembrane subunits of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The mitoribosomes are attached to the mitochondrial inner membrane and translation products are cotranslationally integrated into the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL59 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the thioredoxin-thioredoxin reductase system. Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioredoxin family.


FUNCTION: This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control. FUNCTION: This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control. FUNCTION: IHF also plays a crucial role in the lysogenic life cycle of bacteriophage lambda, as it is required not only in the recombination reaction, which inserts lambda DNA into the E.coli chromosome, but also for the synthesis of int and cI repressor, two phage proteins necessary for DNA insertion and repression, respectively. The synthesis of int and cI proteins is regulated indirectly by IHF via translational control of the lambda cII protein (By similarity). FUNCTION: This protein is one of the two subunits of integration host factor, a specific DNA-binding protein that functions in genetic recombination as well as in transcriptional and translational control. FUNCTION: IHF also plays a crucial role in the lysogenic life cycle of bacteriophage lambda, as it is required not only in the recombination reaction, which inserts lambda DNA into the E.coli chromosome, but also for the synthesis of int and cI repressor, two phage proteins necessary for DNA insertion and repression, respectively. The synthesis of int and cI proteins is regulated indirectly by IHF via translational control of the lambda cII protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial histone-like protein family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial histone-like protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat LST8 family.