FUNCTION: Has 3'-5' poly(A) exoribonuclease activity for synthetic poly(A) RNA substrate. Catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA- mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. May be involved in the deadenylation-dependent degradation of mRNAs through the 3'-UTR AU-rich element-mediated mechanism. Involved in deadenylation-dependent degradation of CDKN1B mRNA. Its mRNA deadenylase activity can be inhibited by TOB1. Mediates cell proliferation and cell survival and prevents cellular senescence. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Predominantly cytoplasmic. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CCR4/nocturin family.


FUNCTION: Scaffold protein for the de novo synthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters within mitosomes, which is required for maturation of both [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] proteins (PubMed:18311129). First, a [2Fe- 2S] cluster is transiently assembled on the scaffold protein ISU1. In a second step, the cluster is released from ISU1, transferred to a glutaredoxin, followed by the formation of [2Fe-2S] proteins, the synthesis of [4Fe-4S] clusters and their target-specific insertion into the recipient apoproteins. Cluster assembly on ISU1 depends on the function of the cysteine desulfurase complex NFS1-ISD11, which serves as the sulfur donor for cluster synthesis, the iron-binding protein frataxin as the putative iron donor, and the electron transfer chain comprised of ferredoxin reductase and ferredoxin, which receive their electrons from NADH (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=It is unknown how the different localizations of several ISC components to mitosomes and cytoplasm can be reconciled with the usually tightly coordinated function of these components. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NifU family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIX23 family.


FUNCTION: Possible role in regulating endocytosis of the transferrin receptor at the plasma membrane. Alternatively, may function as a negative regulator of the amino acid-induced TOR signaling by inhibiting the formation of active Rag GTPase complexes. Preferentially binds inactive Rag GTPase complexes and prevents their interaction with the mTORC1 complex inhibiting its relocalization to lysosomes and its activation. Thereby, may indirectly regulate cell growth, proliferation and autophagy (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane, clathrin-coated pit Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle Nucleus Note=Specifically associated with transferrin receptor- containing clathrin-coated pits and clathrin-coated vesicles. May also localize to the nucleus (By similarity).


FUNCTION: This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose. Required for the synthesis of capsular polysaccharide and normal lipopolysaccharide. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of guanosine diphospho-D-mannose (GDP-D-mannose) to GDP-D-mannuronic acid, a precursor for alginate polymerization. The alginate layer causes a mucoid phenotype and provides a protective barrier against host immune defenses and antibiotics (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor required for myelination of differentiated oligodendrocytes. Required for the conversion of oligodendrocytes from the premyelinating to the myelinating state. In the developing central nervous system (CNS), involved in the maintenance in the progenitor stage by promoting the cell cycle. Specifically binds to the 5'-TCAT-3' DNA sequence (By similarity). Has transcription repressor activity in vitro. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.


FUNCTION: Supposed to function as cell surface receptor. Possibly involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Flagellar pocket. Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Concentrated in the flagellar pocket.


FUNCTION: Prenyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of neosartoricin B, a prenylated anthracenone that probably exhibits T-cell antiproliferative activity, suggestive of a physiological role as an immunosuppressive agent (PubMed:23758576, PubMed:23368997). The non-reducing polyketide synthase nscA probably synthesizes and cyclizes the decaketide backbone (By similarity). The hydrolase nscB then mediates the product release through hydrolysis followed by spontaneous decarboxylation (By similarity). The prenyltransferase nscD catalyzes the addition of the dimethylallyl group to the aromatic C5 (By similarity). The FAD-dependent monooxygenase nscC is then responsible for the stereospecific hydroxylation at C2 (By similarity). Neosartoricin B can be converted into two additional compounds neosartoricins C and D (PubMed:23758576). Neosartoricin C is a spirocyclic compound that is cyclized through the attack of C3 hydroxyl on C14, followed by dehydration (PubMed:23758576). On the other hand, neosartoricin D is a further cyclized compound in which attack of C2 on C14 in neosartoricin C results in the formation of the acetal-containing dioxabicyclo-octanone ring (PubMed:23758576). Both of these compounds are novel and possibly represent related metabolites of the gene cluster (PubMed:23758576). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Saccharide- and LPS-binding protein with possible roles in pathogen sensing and endotoxin neutralization. Ligand-binding specificity relates to the length of the oligosaccharides, with preference for chitotetraose (in vitro) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family.


FUNCTION: D-glucosyltransferase that acts on the aglycone core, transferring D-glucose to the phenolic hydroxyl of OH-Phegly(4) to form a devancoaminyl-vancomycin (DVV) intermediate in the biosynthesis of glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. Also able to glycosylate A47934, an antibiotic with a teicoplanin-like heptapeptide, but lacking sugar residues. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation. May function in both SPT15/TBP post- recruitment and recruitment steps of transcription (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IWS1 family.


FUNCTION: Activates KDO8N (a required 8-carbon sugar) for incorporation into bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the Shewanella genus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KdsB family.


FUNCTION: Poor inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The disintegrin inhibits the adhesion of cells expressing the RGD-dependent integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5/ITGB1) to immobilized fibronectin. Inhibition on alpha-IIb/beta-3 (ITGA2B/ITGB3) is low. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family. P-II subfamily. P-IIe sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Glycosyltransferase that mediates core 2 O-glycan branching, an important step in mucin-type biosynthesis. Does not have core 4 O- glycan or I-branching enzyme activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family.


FUNCTION: Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl group from carbamoyl phosphate (CP) to the N(epsilon) atom of ornithine (ORN) to produce L-citrulline, which is a substrate for argininosuccinate synthetase, the enzyme involved in the final step in arginine biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily. OTCase family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role as a mediator in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis (PubMed:11063737, PubMed:12145310, PubMed:20663892). Participates in sterol transport out of the ER and distribution into plasma membranes (PubMed:20663892). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ARV1 family.


FUNCTION: Required for a subset of Wnt-dependent developmental processes, in particular, eye and pronephros development. Regulates the secretion of wnt4, which is required for eye development (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the wntless family.


FUNCTION: Activator of the expression of chvE when bound to its inducer and represses its expression in the absence of inducer (L-arabinose, D- fucose or D-galactose). Negatively regulates its own expression. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LysR transcriptional regulatory family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds to the upstream regulatory region of type I IFN and IFN-inducible MHC class I genes (the interferon consensus sequence (ICS)) and activates those genes (By similarity). Acts as a tumor suppressor (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IRF family.


FUNCTION: Regulates transcription of many different genes. In the absence of autoinducer 2 (AI-2), represses transcription of the lsrACDBFG operon and its own transcription. In the presence of AI-2, LsrR is inactivated by binding phospho-AI-2, leading to the transcription of the lsr genes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SorC transcriptional regulatory family.


FUNCTION: Modulates the activity of the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit and therefore affects the biosynthesis of cyclic-AMP (By similarity). Plays a role in both surface attachment and surface recognition of appressoria, a highly specialized infection structure for plant penetration. Regulates appressorium formation by coordinated regulation of cAMP signaling and Pmk1 MAPK pathways (PubMed:24835254). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.


FUNCTION: Acts via the piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. In ovary, associates predominantly with antisense piRNAs that contain uridine at their 5' end. In testis, associates with Su(Ste) antisense piRNAs (most abundant class of piRNAs found in complex with aub in testes) and negatively regulates Ste expression, most likely by cleaving its transcripts. Also in testis, may repress translation of vas when associated with a piRNA derived from chromosome X, termed AT-chX-1, whose sequence shows strong complementarity to vas mRNA. Aub-piRNA complexes from ovary and testis possess RNA cleavage activity. Involved in telomere regulation by repressing specialized telomeric retroelements HeT-A and TART; Drosophila telomeres being maintained by transposition of specialized telomeric retroelements. Also involved in telomeric trans-silencing, a repression mechanism by which a transposon or a transgene inserted in subtelomeric heterochromatin has the capacity to repress in trans, in the female germline, a homologous transposon, or transgene located in euchromatin. Involved in the suppression of meiotic drive of sex chromosomes and autosomes. Involved in transposon silencing in the adult brain. Required for dorsal-ventral as well as anterior-posterior patterning of the egg. Required during oogenesis for primordial germ cell formation and activation of RNA interference. During early oogenesis, required for osk mRNA silencing and polarization of the microtubule cytoskeleton. During mid-oogenesis, required for osk mRNA localization to the posterior pole and efficient translation of osk and grk. During embryogenesis, required for posterior localization of nos mRNA, independently of osk, and pole cell formation. Essential for the formation and/or structural integrity of perinuclear nuage particles. Required for the localization of Mael to the meiotic nuage. Forms a complex with smg, twin, AGO3 and specific piRNAs that targets nos mRNA (and probably other maternal mRNAS) for deadenylation promoting its decay during early embryogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. In the oocyte and later in the embryo, concentrates at the posterior pole as a component of polar granules. In the cytoplasm of syncytial embryos, accumulates in discrete foci. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.


SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the RimK family.


FUNCTION: Inhibition of trypsin (By similarity). Has anticarcinogenic activity, prevents transformation of DMBA-treated JB6 cells. Has antipromoter activity, prevents promotion by tetradecanoyl phorbal acetate (TPA) in JB6 cells. Prevents tertiary butyl hydroperoxide- induced mutagenesis. Protects AT base pairs and shows antimutagenesis activity in TA102 and TA104 S.typhimurium mutagenesis tests. Inhibits paw edema formation induced by phospholipase A2 in Swiss Wistar mice. Prevents the release of arachidonate, the parent compound for the synthesis of prostaglandins and prostacyclins. Has antimalarial activity, kills P.falciparum. Has antivenom activity, nullifies the lethal effects of N.naja venom and inhibits phospholipase A2 present in N.naja venom. Has antifungal activity, inhibits cilia formation by A.niger. Is not toxic or allergenic. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I3 (leguminous Kunitz- type inhibitor) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ArgA subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ArgA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Dual-specificity kinase which possesses both serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase activities. Exhibits a substrate preference for proline at position P+1 and arginine at position P-3. Plays an important role in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair following DNA damage. Mechanistically, phosphorylates RNF169 and increases its ability to block accumulation of TP53BP1 at the DSB sites thereby promoting homologous recombination repair (HRR). Also acts as a positive regulator of transcription by acting as a CTD kinase that mediates phosphorylation of the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) POLR2A (By similarity). Modulates alternative splicing by phosphorylating the splice factor SRSF6 (By similarity). Phosphorylates SEPTIN4, SEPTIN5 and SF3B1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus speckle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MNB/DYRK subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the replication protein A complex (RPA) required for DNA recombination, repair and replication. The activity of RPA is mediated by single-stranded DNA binding and protein interactions (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the replication factor A protein 2 family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for the hydrolysis of barbituric acid (2,4,6- trihydroxy-1,3-pyrimidine), an intermediate in the oxidative catabolism of pyrimidines. Catalyzes the hydrolytic opening of the pyrimidine ring of barbituric acid to yield ureidomalonic acid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclic amide hydrolase (CyAH) family.


FUNCTION: Repressor of jasmonate responses. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TIFY/JAZ family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for the polymerization of the main chain of the major teichoic acid by sequential transfer of ribitol phosphate units from CDP-ribitol to the glycerol phosphate attached to the disaccharide linkage unit. Synthesizes polymers of up to 40 ribitol phosphate units in length. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDP-glycerol glycerophosphotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Disease resistance (R) protein that specifically recognizes the avrPphB type III effector avirulence protein from Pseudomonas syringae. Also confers resistance against Hyaloperonospora parasitica (downy mildew). Resistance proteins guard the plant against pathogens that contain an appropriate avirulence protein via an indirect interaction with this avirulence protein. That triggers a defense system including the hypersensitive response, which restricts the pathogen growth. Requires PBS1 to trigger the defense reaction against avrPphB. In case of infection by Pseudomonas syringae, AvrPphB triggers RPS5-mediated defense mechanism via the cleavage of PBS1, suggesting that the cleavage of PBS1 could trigger an exchange of ADP for ATP, thereby activating RPS5. May function as a fine-tuned sensor of alterations in the structure of the effector target PBS1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-14 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation. Prefers acyl chain lengths of 14 to 18 carbons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TM2 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in intercellular adhesion, lymphocyte signaling, cytotoxicity and lymphokine secretion mediated by cytotoxic T- lymphocyte (CTL) and NK cell. Cell surface receptor for NECTIN2. Upon ligand binding, stimulates T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, including that of IL2, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNG. Competes with PVRIG for NECTIN2-binding. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Effector that is involved in host plant infection. Contributes to virulence during the early infection stage, by inhibiting plant defense responses induced by both PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host cytoplasm Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


FUNCTION: Probable methyltransferase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.


FUNCTION: Transports the metallophore pseudopaline, which is involved in the acquisition of nickel and zinc, and thus enables bacterial growth inside the host, where metal access is limited. Is probably involved in the import of pseudopaline-metal complexes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TonB-dependent receptor family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. FANCM sub-subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell projection, cilium Note=In cilia and Golgi complexes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPEC3 family.


FUNCTION: Serine protease that hydrolyzes large proteins such as casein and gelatin. Cleaves preferentially at the carboxyl terminus of Phe, Tyr or Leu (PubMed:10879563). Is also able to catalyze peptide synthesis under different salt concentrations in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (PubMed:21039670). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family.


FUNCTION: Has a major role in enamel formation. Required during the maturation stage of tooth development for clearance of enamel proteins and normal structural patterning of the crystalline matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.


FUNCTION: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA10 subunit family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid lumen.


FUNCTION: Orphan receptor activated by neuropeptides terminating in Arg-Phe or Arg-Phe-amide. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its effect is mediated by G(q) and G(11) proteins. May regulate the function of nociceptive neurons by modulation of pain perception. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEFL family. Protease inhibitor I18 (RTI/MTI-2) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Kinase that can phosphorylate various inositol polyphosphate such as Ins(3,4,5,6)P4, Ins(3,4,6)P3 and Ins(1,3,4)P3 (PubMed:18474240). May participate in an inositol lipid-independent pathway of InsP6 synthesis (PubMed:18474240). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ITPK1 family.


FUNCTION: Guanine-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that acts as an activator of Rop (Rho of plants) GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. Acts downstream of PRK2 in the control of polarized pollen tube growth by activating ARAC11/ROP1. In association with ROPGEF4, acts as specific regulator of ARAC10/ROP11 function in ABA-mediated stomatal closure. May play a role in the Rac/Rop-signaling pathway that controls ROS-mediated root hair development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cell membrane Note=Localizes to the apical region of the pollen tube plasma membrane to activate ARAC11/ROP1 and interacts with ARAC10/ROP11 on plasma membrane in guard cells.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. SDR39U1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase that exhibits broad specificity for linear acyl-CoA substrates, with a preference for long-chain substrates. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Transcription activator. Binds the promoter core sequence 5'- GGNCC-3'. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: May be involved in gonadal development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0592 family.


FUNCTION: This protein is involved in the repair of mismatches in DNA. It is possible that it carries out the mismatch recognition step. This protein has a weak ATPase activity. FUNCTION: This protein is involved in the repair of mismatches in DNA. It is possible that it carries out the mismatch recognition step. This protein has a weak ATPase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae UL87 family.


FUNCTION: Putative sodium-dependent transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.


FUNCTION: Linker polypeptides determine the state of aggregation and the location of the disk-shaped phycobiliprotein units within the phycobilisome and modulate their spectroscopic properties in order to mediate a directed and optimal energy transfer. FUNCTION: Rod-core linker protein required for attachment of phycocyanin to allophycocyanin in cores of phycobilisomes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=Part of a phycobilisome rod. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phycobilisome linker protein family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that may act a transcriptional activator of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic gene expression (Probable). Binds DNA via its zinc fingers (PubMed:24821766). Recognizes and binds to SCL3 promoter sequence 5'-AGACAA-3' to promotes its expression when in complex with RGA (PubMed:24821766). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Plastid, chloroplast. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of ATP and 5-phosphoribose 1- diphosphate to form N'-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-ATP (PR-ATP). Has a crucial role in the pathway because the rate of histidine biosynthesis seems to be controlled primarily by regulation of HisG enzymatic activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP phosphoribosyltransferase family. Long subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Functions as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) for Hsp70 chaperones which accelerates the release of ADP. Required for fully efficient Hsp70-mediated folding of proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FES1 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in virus cell tropism, and may be required for efficient virus replication in macrophages. In addition, inhibits IFN- beta-induced IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) transcription. Mechanistically, degrades host STAT1 and STAT2 through apoptosis and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways respectively. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus MGF 360 family.


FUNCTION: Glycosyltransferase with a proposed role in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (PubMed:12944392, PubMed:10924467). Involved in susceptibility to pore-forming crystal toxins in conjunction with bre- 1, bre-2, bre-4 and bre-5 (PubMed:12944392, PubMed:10924467). Involved in resistance to the nematotoxic C.cinerea galectin Cgl2 (PubMed:20062796). Has a role in determining brood size (PubMed:12944392, PubMed:10924467). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=In punctate structures throughout the cell. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a linker essential in the assembly of a core complex of PRK/GAPDH. Coordinates the reversible inactivation of chloroplast enzymes GAPDH and PRK during darkness in photosynthetic tissues. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CP12 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bone development and ossification. Plays a role in the healing of bone fractures via endochondral ossification. Plays a role in wound healing, probably by a mechanism that involves proteolytic activation of TGFB1 and degradation of CCN2. Plays a role in keratinocyte migration during wound healing. May play a role in cell migration and in tumor cell invasion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.


FUNCTION: Receptor for lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Secreted. Note=Some isoforms may be secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.


FUNCTION: A methylase that recognizes the double-stranded sequence 5'- GGTGA-3' and protects the DNA from cleavage by the HphI endonuclease (PubMed:8759008). Probably methylates C-2 on the bottom strand (Probable) (PubMed:12654995). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPATA31 family.


FUNCTION: May have a role in immune function. Probably involved in the processing of antigenic peptides during MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation. May play a role in activation-induced lymphocyte depletion in the thymus, and in neuronal degeneration and glial cell activation in the brain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome Note=The proenzyme is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, while the mature enzyme is localized to the endosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates, with a preference for pyrimidine deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dUTP, dTTP and dCTP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. NudI subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that activates insulin gene expression (PubMed:15665000). Acts synergistically with NEUROD1/BETA2 and PDX1 (By similarity). Binds the insulin enhancer C1/RIPE3b element (PubMed:15665000). Binds to consensus TRE-type MARE 5'-TGCTGACTCAGCA-3' DNA sequence (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the conversion of glucose to GDP-L-fucose, which can be converted to L-fucose, a capsular polysaccharide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: To M.genitalium MG432 and MG443.


FUNCTION: Omega-conotoxins act at presynaptic membranes, they bind and block voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav). This toxin selectively and potently inhibits depolarization-activated rat Cav2.2/CACNA1B currents (IC(50)=89 nM), when coexpressed with alpha-2/delta-1 (CACNA2D1) and beta-3 (CACNB3) subunits. In vivo, is lethal to fish and displays potent analgesic activity in mice pain models of hot plate and acetic acid writhing but has fewer side effects on mouse motor function and lower toxicity in goldfish. Shows higher or similar analgesic activity in the pain models mentioned above compared to MVIIA, and lower side effects. In addition, it blocks Cav2.2/CACNA1B more rapidly than MVIIA and also dissociates more rapidly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin O1 superfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of ambiguines, a family of hapalindole-type alkaloids (PubMed:24180436). Responsible for the synthesis of Z-3-(2-isocyanoethen)-indole, a biosynthetic precursor to all ambiguines (PubMed:24180436, PubMed:28212039). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TfdA dioxygenase family.


FUNCTION: Forms pore that permeabilize the cell membrane. Promotes efflux of calcium from synaptosomes, causes hemolysis, and dissipates voltage gradients across muscle membrane. Potently inhibits the growth of bacteria and yeast. May function both in the prey capture strategy as well as protection from infectious organisms arising from prey ingestion (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Target cell membrane Note=Forms a membrane channel in the prey. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cationic peptide 04 (cupiennin) family. 05 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transmembrane receptor that senses neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and triggers the ILK-PARVB pathway to enhance cell motility. NETs are mainly composed of DNA fibers and are released by neutrophils to bind pathogens during inflammation (By similarity). Formation of NETs is also associated with cancer metastasis, NET-DNA acting as a chemotactic factor to attract cancer cells (By similarity). Specifically binds NETs on its extracellular region, in particular the 8-OHdG-enriched DNA present in NETs, and recruits ILK, initiating the ILK-PARVB cascade to induce cytoskeleton rearrangement and directional migration of cells (By similarity). In the context of cancer, promotes cancer metastasis by sensing NETs and promoting migration of tumor cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Endomembrane system Note=Localizes to cytoplasmic membrane in tumor cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CCDC25 family.


FUNCTION: Required for protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus envelope Nucleus, nuclear pore complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: May block potassium channels. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short scorpion toxin superfamily. Potassium channel inhibitor family. Alpha-KTx 23 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Poorly processive, error-prone DNA polymerase involved in untargeted mutagenesis. Copies undamaged DNA at stalled replication forks, which arise in vivo from mismatched or misaligned primer ends. These misaligned primers can be extended by PolIV. Exhibits no 3'-5' exonuclease (proofreading) activity. May be involved in translesional synthesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of TORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to hormonal signals. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PROTOR family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate with quinone as electron acceptor. Required for UMP biosynthesis via de novo pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: ATPase required for the correct placement of the division site. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ParA family. MinD subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonuclease N1/T1 family.


FUNCTION: With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in maintenance and/or transport of vesicles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VMP family.


FUNCTION: Protects the virus against cell antiviral state by blocking host interferon signaling. Mechanistically, targets host phosphorylated STAT1 (phospho-STAT1) for degradation, thereby inhibiting the interferon alpha signaling pathway. Plays a role in the inhibition of host apoptosis. Interacts with and down-regulates the expression of host TXNL1. In turn, inhibits TXNL1-induced apoptosis through the BCL2- BAX-caspase 3 pathway. Inhibits host apoptosis also by negatively regulating host CacyBP/SIP. Promotes viral replication by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host nucleus.


FUNCTION: Accessory protein regulating the assembly of the plastidial Clp protease system (PubMed:21266658, PubMed:25921872). CLPT1 first binds to the heptameric P-ring containing the CLP3-6 subunits followed by CLPT2, and only then does the P-ring combine with the R-ring composed of the clpP1 and CLPR1-4 subunits (PubMed:21266658). Once the core complex is fully assembled, it then associates to the CLPC chaperone partner to form the functional protease (PubMed:21266658). CLPT1 and CLPT2 are partially redundant (PubMed:25921872). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family.


FUNCTION: Transcription repressor. Required for the specification of corticospinal motor neurons and other subcerebral projection neurons. May play a role in layer and neuronal subtype-specific patterning of subcortical projections and axonal fasciculation. Controls the development of dendritic arborization and spines of large layer V pyramidal neurons. May be involved in innate immunity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the removal of dipeptides from the N-terminus of oligopeptides. Shows a strict specificity for acidic residues (Asp or Glu) in the P1 position, and has probably a hydrophobic residue preference at the P2 position. Preferentially cleaves the synthetic substrate Leu-Asp-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (Leu-Asp-MCA) as compared to Leu-Glu-MCA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S46 family.


FUNCTION: Protein transport. Regulator of membrane traffic from the Golgi apparatus towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Involved in light-induced Na(+)-dependent proton extrusion. Also seems to be involved in CO(2) transport. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Cema family.


FUNCTION: Regulator of the TOR pathway, a signaling cascade that promotes cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. As part of the Ragulator complex, may activate the TOR signaling cascade in response to amino acids. Adapter protein that may regulate the MAP kinase cascade (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Late endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GAMAD family.


FUNCTION: Serine protease inhibitor that inhibits chymotrypsin and blocks voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the venom Kunitz-type family. 03 (sub-Kunitz) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. TyrS type 4 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cell wall protein which mediates cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. Required for biofilm formation and plays a role in virulence. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall Membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PGA18 family.


FUNCTION: May play an important role in development and maintenance of anterior structures. May play a role in determining left-right asymmetry and in vasculogenesis during avian embryogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Bicoid subfamily.


FUNCTION: PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. Stimulates [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D- glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblastic cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reduction of a carbon-carbon double bond in an enoyl moiety that is covalently linked to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). Involved in the elongation cycle of fatty acid which are used in the lipid metabolism (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. FabI subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of xanthine monophosphate (XMP) to GMP in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an adenyl-XMP intermediate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol.


FUNCTION: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits an outward current, but shows no inactivation. Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv12.3/KCNH4 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: As accessory component of the DNA polymerase epsilon (DNA polymerase II) participates in chromosomal DNA replication. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB9A and RAB9B. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0479 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex UgpBAEC involved in sn- glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. UgpAE subfamily.


FUNCTION: ATPase required for the correct placement of the division site. Cell division inhibitors MinC and MinD act in concert to form an inhibitor capable of blocking formation of the polar Z ring septums. Rapidly oscillates between the poles of the cell to destabilize FtsZ filaments that have formed before they mature into polar Z rings (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ParA family. MinD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol. Required for flavinylation (covalent attachment of FAD) of the flavoprotein subunit SDHA of the SDH catalytic dimer. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SDHAF2 family.


FUNCTION: Phosphorylates uridine and cytidine to uridine monophosphate and cytidine monophosphate. Does not phosphorylate deoxyribonucleosides or purine ribonucleosides. Can use ATP or GTP as a phosphate donor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uridine kinase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the uridine kinase family.


FUNCTION: Induces host cell G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus, host nucleolus Host mitochondrion.


FUNCTION: Could possibly oxidize fatty acids using specific components. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.


FUNCTION: May contribute to the transparency and refractive index of the lens. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.


FUNCTION: Acts as an adapter for the myotubularin-related phosphatases (PubMed:11504939, PubMed:12847286, PubMed:23818870). Regulates phosphatase MTM1 protein stability and possibly its intracellular location (PubMed:23818870). By stabilizing MTM1 protein levels, required for skeletal muscle maintenance but not for myogenesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Sarcoplasmic reticulum Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere Note=Localizes to punctate vesicles when associated with MTM1 (PubMed:12847286). Localizes to triads, a structure formed by a T tubule and two sarcoplasmic reticulum terminal cisterna (By similarity). In skeletal muscles, co-localizes with MTM1 in the sarcomere (By similarity). Partially localizes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscles (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class myotubularin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes D-aminoacyl-tRNA into D-amino acid and free tRNA. Broad specificity toward the amino acid, but strict specificity toward the D-isomer. Seems to be required for ethanol tolerance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DtdA deacylase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0310 family.


FUNCTION: The transmembrane protein (TM) acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Membranes fusion leads to delivery of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm (By similarity). FUNCTION: The surface protein (SU) attaches the virus to the host cell by binding to its receptor. This interaction triggers the refolding of the transmembrane protein (TM) and is thought to activate its fusogenic potential by unmasking its fusion peptide. Fusion occurs at the host cell plasma membrane (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [R-peptide]: Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note=The R-peptide is membrane-associated through its palmitate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Surface protein]: Virion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=The surface protein is not anchored to the viral envelope, but associates with the extravirion surface through its binding to TM. It is probably concentrated at the site of budding and incorporated into the virions possibly by contacts between the cytoplasmic tail of Env and the N- terminus of Gag (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Transmembrane protein]: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=It is probably concentrated at the site of budding and incorporated into the virions possibly by contacts between the cytoplasmic tail of Env and the N-terminus of Gag.


FUNCTION: Regulator of microtubule dynamic that has microtubule bundling activity (By similarity). Required for embryo implantation; possibly by regulating beta-catenin (By similarity). Also required for decidualization via regulation of beta-catenin (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPPP family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0339 family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor. Interacts specifically with the W box (5'-TTGAC[CT]-3'), a frequently occurring elicitor-responsive cis- acting element. Involved in defense responses. Required for resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen B.cinerea (PubMed:17059405, PubMed:21990940). Regulates the antagonistic relationship between defense pathways mediating responses to the bacterial pathogen P. syringae and the necrotrophic pathogen B.cinerea (PubMed:17059405). Required for the phytoalexin camalexin synthesis following infection with B.cinerea. Acts as positive regulator of the camalexin biosynthetic genes PAD3 (CYP71B15) and CYP71A13 by binding to their promoters (PubMed:21498677, PubMed:22392279). Acts downstream of MPK3 and MPK6 in reprogramming the expression of camalexin biosynthetic genes, which drives the metabolic flow to camalexin production (PubMed:21498677). Functions with WRKY25 as positive regulator of salt stress response and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling (PubMed:18839316). Functions with WRKY25 and WRKY26 as positive regulator of plant thermotolerance by partially participating in ethylene-response signal transduction pathway (PubMed:21336597). The DNA-binding activity of WRKY33 is increased by SIB1 and SIB2 (PubMed:21990940). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WRKY group I family.


FUNCTION: This protein binds D-galactoside. May have an important role in the activation of eggs (triggered by fertilization), or in their subsequent differentiation. The dimeric form is essential for hemagglutination activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Note=Cytoplasmic in unfertilized eggs, and shifted to the peripheral regions after fertilization.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system VxrB/VxrA involved in the regulation of diverses processes, including virulence, the type VI secretion system (T6SS) and biofilm formation (PubMed:26000450, PubMed:28607158). VxrB positively regulates the expression of the T6SS, a virulence nanomachine that directly translocates effectors into bacterial or host cells, thereby facilitating colonization by competing with sister cells and intestinal microbiota (PubMed:26000450). In addition, it activates vpsL expression and biofilm formation, and represses motility (PubMed:28607158). May regulate biofilm formation via its regulation of key biofilm regulators and cyclic di-GMP levels (PubMed:28607158). Significantly contributes to both attack and defense via T6SS, while also influencing competition via regulation of biofilm matrix production (PubMed:35880882). Is critical for colonization in the infant mouse model (PubMed:26000450). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Involved in protein export. Acts as a chaperone by maintaining the newly synthesized protein in an open conformation. Functions as a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (By similarity). Probably changes conformation upon binding to the ribosome (maybe in particular due to interaction with L24), exposing a hydrophobic crevice that is probably important for its chaperone activity (PubMed:16091460, PubMed:16271892). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Note=About half TF is bound to the ribosome near the polypeptide exit tunnel while the other half is free in the cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. Tig subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cell division protein that is required for growth during stress conditions. May be involved in protecting or stabilizing the divisomal assembly under conditions of stress. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm Note=Localizes to the division septum. Localization requires FtsZ, FtsQ, FtsL and FtsN. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsP family.


FUNCTION: RuBisCO catalyzes two reactions: the carboxylation of D- ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, the primary event in carbon dioxide fixation, as well as the oxidative fragmentation of the pentose substrate. Both reactions occur simultaneously and in competition at the same active site. Although the small subunit is not catalytic it is essential for maximal activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RuBisCO small chain family.


FUNCTION: Prenyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of malbrancheamide, a dichlorinated fungal indole alkaloid that belongs to a family of natural products containing a characteristic bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane core (PubMed:23213353, PubMed:31548667, PubMed:28777910). The first step of malbrancheamide biosynthesis involves coupling of L-proline and L-tryptophan by malG, a bimodular NRPS, to produce L-Pro-L-Trp aldehyde through reductive offloading (PubMed:23213353, PubMed:31548667). This compound undergoes spontaneous cyclization and dehydration to give a dienamine which is reverse prenylated at C-2 by malE (PubMed:31548667). The other prenyltransferase present in the cluster, malB, displays modest activity, suggesting that may be a redundant gene in the pathway (PubMed:31548667). Subsequently, a [4+2] Diels-Alder cyclo-addition catalyzed by the bifunctional enzyme malC forms the characteristic bicyclo[2.2.2]diazaoctane ring of premalbrancheamid (PubMed:31548667). Finally, the flavin-dependent halogenase malA catalyzes the iterative dichlorination of the indole ring of premalbrancheamide to yield C-9 monochlorinated malbrancheamide B, C-8 monochlorinated isomalbrancheamide B, and dichlorinated malbrancheamide (PubMed:31548667, PubMed:28777910). MalA is also able to brominate premalbrancheamide at C-9 to yield malbrancheamide C, and, to a lesser extend, at C-8 to yield isomalbrancheamide C (PubMed:28777910). Finally, malA can brominate C-9 monochlorinated malbrancheamide B at C- 8 to yield malbrancheamide D, or C-8 monochlorinated isomalbrancheamide B at C-9 to produce isomalbrancheamide D (PubMed:28777910). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May function in the second step of pre-mRNA splicing. Regulatory protein involved in replication and mitotic spindle formation and/or maintenance. Required for initiation and completion of S-phase and for initiation and completion of DNA replication. Might be required for the maintenance of microtubules. Essential only at elevated temperatures. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 51 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Subtilisin is an extracellular alkaline serine protease, it catalyzes the hydrolysis of proteins and peptide amides. Subtilisin NAT also has fibrinolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Plays an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: In addition to promoting peroxisomal translocation of proteins containing a PTS1 peroxisomal targeting signal, mediates peroxisomal import of proteins containing a C-terminal PTS2-type peroxisomal targeting signal via its interaction with PEX7. Interaction with PEX7 only takes place when PEX7 is associated with cargo proteins containing a PTS2 peroxisomal targeting signal. PEX7 along with PTS2-containing cargo proteins are then translocated through the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex together with PEX5. FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Does not mediate translocation of peroxisomal import of proteins containing a C-terminal PTS2-type peroxisomal targeting signal. FUNCTION: Receptor that mediates peroxisomal import of proteins containing a C-terminal PTS1-type tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal (SKL-type). Binds to cargo proteins containing a PTS1 peroxisomal targeting signal in the cytosol, and translocates them into the peroxisome matrix by passing through the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex along with cargo proteins. PEX5 receptor is then retrotranslocated into the cytosol, leading to release of bound cargo in the peroxisome matrix, and reset for a subsequent peroxisome import cycle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Peroxisome matrix Note=Cycles between the cytosol and the peroxisome matrix (By similarity). Following binding to cargo proteins containing a PTS1 peroxisomal targeting signal in the cytosol, recruited to the docking complex, composed of PEX13 and PEX14, leading to translocation into the peroxisome matrix along with cargo proteins. Export and recycling to the cytosol is initiated by binding to the PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 ligase complex via its unstructured N-terminus that inserts into the ligase pore and emerges in the cytosol (By similarity). Cys-11 of PEX5 is then monoubiquitinated, promoting its extraction from peroxisomal membrane by the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex (By similarity). Extraction is accompanied by unfolding of the TPR repeats and release of bound cargo in the peroxisome matrix. The TPR repeats refold in the cytosol and ubiquitination is removed by deubiquitinating enzymes, resetting PEX5 for a subsequent import cycle (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that acts synergistically with SOX11 and SOX4. Plays a role in neuronal development (PubMed:31303265). Is implicated in an enhancer activity at the embryonic met-mesencephalic junction; the enhancer element contains the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT- 3') (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system SphR/SphS. Response regulator. Involved in inducible production of alkaline phosphatase in response to phosphate limitation as it is directly involved in the regulation of phoA transcription in response to phosphate limitation. Binds to two distinct sites upstream from the phoA promoter.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the polycondensation of alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid required for the synthesis of polysialic acid (PSA), which is present on the embryonic neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), necessary for plasticity of neural cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator of the rhizobactin regulon.


FUNCTION: May play a role in fertility regulation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Hydrolyzes the gamma- glutamyl peptide bond of several glutathione (GSH) conjugates to produce Cys-Gly conjugates related to glucosinolates. The gamma-Glu- Cys-Gly-GSH conjugates are the sulfur-donating molecule in glucosinolate biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C26 family.


FUNCTION: Has bacteriocidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria including multi-drug resistant strains such as S.aureus MS9610 and methicillin-resistant S.aureus, but is not active against most Gram- negative bacteria and fungi. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiocillin family.


FUNCTION: Increases the formation of ribosomal termination complexes and stimulates activities of RF-1 and RF-2. It binds guanine nucleotides and has strong preference for UGA stop codons. It may interact directly with the ribosome. The stimulation of RF-1 and RF-2 is significantly reduced by GTP and GDP, but not by GMP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. PrfC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cross-linked envelope protein of keratinocytes. It is a keratinocyte protein that first appears in the cell cytosol, but ultimately becomes cross-linked to membrane proteins by transglutaminase. All that results in the formation of an insoluble envelope beneath the plasma membrane. May participate widely in the construction of cell envelopes in cornifying epithelia characterized by either increased thickness or a requirement for extreme flexibility. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.


FUNCTION: Proposed to synthesize nod factor fatty acyl chain. Involved in trans-2,trans-4,trans-6,cis-11-octadecatetraenoic acid biosynthesis.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the first irreversible reaction from fructose-1,6- bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate and inorganic phosphate and plays an important regulatory role in sucrose biosynthesis and metabolism. Required for sucrose supply and tiller bud outgrowth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family.


FUNCTION: Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks and nicked Holliday junctions. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. May be required in meiosis for the repair of meiosis-specific double strand breaks subsequent to single- end invasion (SEI) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the XPF family.


FUNCTION: In elementary bodies (EBs, the infectious stage, which is able to survive outside the host cell) provides the structural integrity of the outer envelope through disulfide cross-links with the small cysteine-rich protein and the major outer membrane porin. It has been described in publications as the Sarkosyl-insoluble COMC (Chlamydia outer membrane complex), and serves as the functional equivalent of peptidoglycan. It is present but the disulfide bonds are reduced in reticulate bodies (RBs) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL17 family.


FUNCTION: Maximin-H8 shows antimicrobial activity against bacteria and against the fungus C.albicans. Shows strong hemolytic activity (By similarity). FUNCTION: Maximin-2 shows antibacterial activity against both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It shows also antimicrobial activity against the fungus C.albicans, but not against A.flavus nor P.uticale. It has little hemolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bombinin family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the phosphorylase b kinase (PHK), which mediates the neural and hormonal regulation of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) by phosphorylating and thereby activating glycogen phosphorylase. In vitro, phosphorylates PYGM, TNNI3, MAPT/TAU, GAP43 and NRGN/RC3 (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Endo-1,5-alpha-L-arabinanase involved in degradation of pectin. Its preferred substrate is linear 1,5-alpha-L-arabinan (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins, inhibiting trans-activation by MEF2, and inhibiting DNA-binding by MYOD1 through physical interaction. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins. Also represses expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Regulates cranial suture patterning and fusion. Activates transcription as a heterodimer with E proteins. Regulates gene expression differentially, depending on dimer composition. Homodimers induce expression of FGFR2 and POSTN while heterodimers repress FGFR2 and POSTN expression and induce THBS1 expression. Heterodimerization is also required for osteoblast differentiation. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: NPAS2-BMAL1 heterodimer (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Receptor for bradykinin. It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Bradykinin receptor subfamily. BDKRB2 sub-subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid Note=Located in thylakoid as a peripheral protein at the stromal side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAP/fibrillin family.


FUNCTION: Flagellar radial spokes contribute to the regulation of dynein arm activity and thus the pattern of flagellar bending. They consist of a thin stalk, which is attached to the a subfiber of the outer doublet microtubule, and a bulbous head, which is attached to the stalk and appears to interact with the projections from the central pair of microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, flagellum axoneme Note=Radial spoke. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.


FUNCTION: Positive regulator of sporulation-specific genes and of sporulation. Required for premeiotic DNA synthesis and meiotic chromosomal segregation. May act in a nutritional signaling pathway.


FUNCTION: Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. In the ESCRT-III complex, it probably serves as an acceptor for the ESCRT-II complex on endosomal membranes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endomembrane system; Lipid-anchor Late endosome membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SNF7 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CONSTANS family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in RAN-dependent nucleocytoplasmic transport. Alleviates the TNPO1-dependent inhibition of RAN GTPase activity and mediates the dissociation of RAN from proteins involved in transport into the nucleus (By similarity). Induces a conformation change in the complex formed by XPO1 and RAN that triggers the release of the nuclear export signal of cargo proteins (By similarity). Promotes the disassembly of the complex formed by RAN and importin beta. Promotes dissociation of RAN from a complex with KPNA2 and CSE1L (By similarity). Required for normal mitotic spindle assembly and normal progress through mitosis via its effect on RAN. Does not increase the RAN GTPase activity by itself, but increases GTP hydrolysis mediated by RANGAP1. Inhibits RCC1-dependent exchange of RAN-bound GDP by GTP (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RANBP1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acyltransferase 3 family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional repressor involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm by negatively regulating the activity of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes. Acts as the negative limb of a novel autoregulatory feedback loop (DEC loop) which differs from the one formed by the PER and CRY transcriptional repressors (PER/CRY loop). Both these loops are interlocked as it represses the expression of PER1 and in turn is repressed by PER1/2 and CRY1/2. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer by competing for the binding to E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') found within the promoters of its target genes. Negatively regulates its own expression and the expression of DBP and BHLHE41/DEC2. Acts as a corepressor of RXR and the RXR-LXR heterodimers and represses the ligand-induced RXRA/B/G, NR1H3/LXRA, NR1H4 and VDR transactivation activity (By similarity). Inhibits HNF1A-mediated transactivation of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A11 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Disulfide reductase. May participate in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyze dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Modulates TNF-alpha signaling and NF-kappa-B activation. Has peroxidase activity and may contribute to the elimination of cellular hydrogen peroxide (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioredoxin family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the synthesis of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) which is secreted by bacteria and is used to communicate both the cell density and the metabolic potential of the environment. The regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cell density is called quorum sensing. Catalyzes the transformation of S-ribosylhomocysteine (RHC) to homocysteine (HC) and 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentadione (DPD) (By similarity). FUNCTION: Involved in the synthesis of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) which is secreted by bacteria and is used to communicate both the cell density and the metabolic potential of the environment. The regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cell density is called quorum sensing. Catalyzes the transformation of S-ribosylhomocysteine (RHC) to homocysteine (HC) and 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentadione (DPD). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LuxS family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LuxS family.


FUNCTION: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as CREB1, ATF1, the NF-kappa-B isoform RELA/NFKB3, STAT1 and STAT3, but can also phosphorylate histone H3 and the nucleosomal protein HMGN1. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli, either by inducing chromatin remodeling or by recruiting the transcription machinery. On the other hand, two other kinase targets, MAPKAPK2/MK2 and MAPKAPK3/MK3, participate in the control of gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level, by phosphorylating ZFP36 (tristetraprolin) and ELAVL1, and by regulating EEF2K, which is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. MKNK1/MNK1 and MKNK2/MNK2, two other kinases activated by p38 MAPKs, regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating the initiation factor EIF4E2. MAPK14 interacts also with casein kinase II, leading to its activation through autophosphorylation and further phosphorylation of TP53/p53. In the cytoplasm, the p38 MAPK pathway is an important regulator of protein turnover. For example, CFLAR is an inhibitor of TNF-induced apoptosis whose proteasome-mediated degradation is regulated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. In a similar way, MAPK14 phosphorylates the ubiquitin ligase SIAH2, regulating its activity towards EGLN3. MAPK14 may also inhibit the lysosomal degradation pathway of autophagy by interfering with the intracellular trafficking of the transmembrane protein ATG9. Another function of MAPK14 is to regulate the endocytosis of membrane receptors by different mechanisms that impinge on the small GTPase RAB5A. In addition, clathrin-mediated EGFR internalization induced by inflammatory cytokines and UV irradiation depends on MAPK14-mediated phosphorylation of EGFR itself as well as of RAB5A effectors. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins is regulated by p38 MAPKs as well. In response to inflammatory stimuli, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate the membrane-associated metalloprotease ADAM17. Such phosphorylation is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding of TGF-alpha family ligands, which results in the activation of EGFR signaling and cell proliferation. Another p38 MAPK substrate is FGFR1. FGFR1 can be translocated from the extracellular space into the cytosol and nucleus of target cells, and regulates processes such as rRNA synthesis and cell growth. FGFR1 translocation requires p38 MAPK activation. In the nucleus, many transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by p38 MAPKs in response to different stimuli. Classical examples include ATF1, ATF2, ATF6, ELK1, PTPRH, DDIT3, TP53/p53 and MEF2C and MEF2A. The p38 MAPKs are emerging as important modulators of gene expression by regulating chromatin modifiers and remodelers. The promoters of several genes involved in the inflammatory response, such as IL6, IL8 and IL12B, display a p38 MAPK-dependent enrichment of histone H3 phosphorylation on 'Ser-10' (H3S10ph) in LPS-stimulated myeloid cells. This phosphorylation enhances the accessibility of the cryptic NF- kappa-B-binding sites marking promoters for increased NF-kappa-B recruitment. Phosphorylates CDC25B and CDC25C which is required for binding to 14-3-3 proteins and leads to initiation of a G2 delay after ultraviolet radiation. Phosphorylates TIAR following DNA damage, releasing TIAR from GADD45A mRNA and preventing mRNA degradation. The p38 MAPKs may also have kinase-independent roles, which are thought to be due to the binding to targets in the absence of phosphorylation. Protein O-Glc-N-acylation catalyzed by the OGT is regulated by MAPK14, and, although OGT does not seem to be phosphorylated by MAPK14, their interaction increases upon MAPK14 activation induced by glucose deprivation. This interaction may regulate OGT activity by recruiting it to specific targets such as neurofilament H, stimulating its O-Glc- N-acylation. Required in mid-fetal development for the growth of embryo-derived blood vessels in the labyrinth layer of the placenta. Also plays an essential role in developmental and stress-induced erythropoiesis, through regulation of EPO gene expression (By similarity). Phosphorylates S100A9 at 'Thr-113' (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.


FUNCTION: The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Part of the AaxABC system, catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-arginine. The arginine uptake by the bacterium in the macrophage may be a virulence factor against the host innate immune response (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pyruvoyl-dependent arginine decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: May function as sterol isomerase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TM6SF family.


FUNCTION: Chemotactic-signal transducers respond to changes in the concentration of attractants and repellents in the environment, transduce a signal from the outside to the inside of the cell, and facilitate sensory adaptation through the variation of the level of methylation. All amino acids serve as attractants in B.subtilis, they appear to cause an increase in the turnover methyl groups, leading to methylation of an unidentified acceptor, while repellents have been shown to cause a decrease in methyl group turnover. The methyl groups are added by a methyltransferase and removed by a methylesterase. McpA is required for taxis towards glucose and alpha-methylglucoside. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Membrane raft; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Present in detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) fractions that may be equivalent to eukaryotic membrane rafts; these rafts include proteins involved in signaling, molecule trafficking and protein secretion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyl-accepting chemotaxis (MCP) protein family.


FUNCTION: Mannosylates Man(2)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate and Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate to form Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that binds DNA in a non-specific manner, yet also specifically recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Activates the transcription of growth-related genes (PubMed:17304222). Binds to the VEGFA promoter, promoting VEGFA production and subsequent sprouting angiogenesis (By similarity). Regulator of somatic reprogramming, controls self-renewal of embryonic stem cells. Functions with TAF6L to activate target gene expression through RNA polymerase II pause release (By similarity). Positively regulates transcription of HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2 and PTBP1 which in turn regulate splicing of pyruvate kinase PKM by binding repressively to sequences flanking PKM exon 9, inhibiting exon 9 inclusion and resulting in exon 10 inclusion and production of the PKM M2 isoform (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus.


FUNCTION: Causes paralysis to insect larvae (H.virescens). This toxin is active only on insects. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 13 (insecticidal toxin ABC) family. 02 (Calisoga) subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. Has in vitro transcription inhibition activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TCP10 family.


FUNCTION: Scaffolding protein that specifically recognizes and binds dimethylarginine-containing proteins. Plays a role in the regulation of translation of target mRNAs by binding Arg/Gly-rich motifs (GAR) in dimethylarginine-containing proteins. In nucleus, acts as a coactivator: recognizes and binds asymmetric dimethylation on the core histone tails associated with transcriptional activation (H3R17me2a and H4R3me2a) and recruits proteins at these arginine-methylated loci. In cytoplasm, acts as an antiviral factor that participates in the assembly of stress granules together with G3BP1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Predominantly cytoplasmic. Associated with actively translating polyribosomes. Component of stress granules.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate, the first committing step of glycolysis. Uses inorganic phosphate (PPi) as phosphoryl donor instead of ATP like common ATP-dependent phosphofructokinases (ATP-PFKs), which renders the reaction reversible, and can thus function both in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Consistently, PPi-PFK can replace the enzymes of both the forward (ATP- PFK) and reverse (fructose-bisphosphatase (FBPase)) reactions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Clade 'P' sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probably participates in establishing action potential waveform and excitability of neuronal and muscle tissues. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be blocked by extracellular barium and cesium. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning (By similarity). Behaves as a kinesin cargo, providing a functional binding site for kinesin-1 at the nuclear envelope. Hence may contribute to the establishment of secretory epithelial morphology, by promoting kinesin-dependent apical migration of the centrosome and Golgi apparatus and basal localization of the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus outer membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein Note=Localization at the nucleus outer membrane location requires the presence of SUN1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nesprin family.


FUNCTION: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.


FUNCTION: Required for ovarian folliculogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.


FUNCTION: Strongly inhibits juvenile hormone biosynthesis in vitro by the corpora allata from fifth-stadium larvae and adult females. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the allatostatin family.


FUNCTION: During the asexual blood stage, involved in the sialic acid- independent (SAID) merozoite invasion of host erythrocytes by binding to host SLC4A1/Band 3 protein on the surface of the host erythrocyte. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Extracellular side Parasitophorous vacuole lumen Secreted Note=Localizes to the merozoite surface at the time of schizont rupture. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plasmodium ABRA family.


FUNCTION: May have a special functional role during embryogenesis and in adult hematopoietic cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LAPTM4/LAPTM5 transporter family.


FUNCTION: Minor virion component that plays an essential role in virus infectivity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arteriviridae ORF5a protein family.


FUNCTION: Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. The Arp2/3 complex is involved in organizing the actin system in cell motility and chemotaxis, in phagocytosis and macropinocytosis, at late steps of endosome processing, and in mitosis. In concert with a group of other proteins, the Arp2/3 complex plays a general role in the rapid activation and adaptation of the actin system to its multiple functions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Cell projection. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Cytoplasm, cell cortex. Cell projection, pseudopodium. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat ARPC1 family.


FUNCTION: Able to suppress the functional loss of YPT1. SLY1 is essential for cell viability. May interact indirectly, or directly with YPT1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the secretion of mesentericin Y105. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the membrane fusion protein (MFP) (TC 8.A.1) family.


FUNCTION: DNA-binding protein that induces severe bending of DNA. Required for DNA-binding by the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. Also augments the fidelity of transcription by RNA polymerase III independently of any role in the FACT complex. Required for transcriptional initiation fidelity of some but not all tRNA genes. Seems to be functionally redundant with NHP6A. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NHP6 family.


FUNCTION: Functions in endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport and regulates the proper organization of the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi (By similarity). Plays a key role in targeting to neuronal dendrites receptors such as HTR1A (By similarity). Plays also a role in primary cilium and sperm flagellum assembly probably through protein transport to these compartments (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Shuttles between the endoplasmic reticulum, the intermediate compartment and the Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the YIF1 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in assembly and disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HUA1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Contributes to CPC function by facilitating loading of the CPC onto chromosomes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome, centromere Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle Note=Localizes on chromosome arms and inner centromeres from prophase through metaphase and then transferring to the spindle midzone and midbody from anaphase through cytokinesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the borealin family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor or an activator. Acts as a transcriptional repressor on minimal promoter containing element F (that includes an E-box sequence). Binds to element F in an E-box sequence-specific manner. Acts as a transcriptional transactivator on the proximal promoter region of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) E-box containing promoter. Collaborates with MITF in target gene activation. Acts as a transcriptional repressor on minimal promoter containing mu E3 enhancer sequence. Binds to mu E3 DNA sequence of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene enhancer. Binds DNA in a homo- or heterodimeric form (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MiT/TFE family.


FUNCTION: Cytochrome P4590 monooxygenase part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of betaestacins (Ref.3). The bifunctional terpene synthase btcA converts isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) into the sesterterpene betaestacin I (Ref.3). The C-terminal prenyltransferase (PT) domain of btcA catalyzes formation of GFPP, whereas the N-terminal terpene cyclase (TC) domain catalyzes the cyclization of GFPP into betaestacin I (Ref.3). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase btcB oxidizes the C25 methyl group of betaestacin I to yield the carboxylic acid betaestacin IV via the alcohol betaestacin III (Ref.3). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase btcC further catalyzes the multistep oxidation of betaestacin IV to produce several compounds, including betaestacins Va, Vb, Vc and VI (Ref.3). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: GRF is released by the hypothalamus and acts on the adenohypophyse to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glucagon family.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system AruS/AruR, which is involved in the regulation of the arginine transaminase (ATA) pathway in response to exogeneous L-arginine. Regulates transcription of aruH and aruI. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase. Devoided of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (AACT) activity. Required for the development of both tapetosomes and elaioplasts in tapetal cells and for pollen viability during pollen tube elongation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. HMG-CoA synthase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in chromatin-remodeling. Core component of the BAF (SWI/SNF) complex. This ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex plays important roles in cell proliferation and differentiation, in cellular antiviral activities and inhibition of tumor formation. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) and may play a role in neural development (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SNF5 family.


FUNCTION: Has activity against Gram-positive bacteria and S.cerevisiae. Has non-hemolytic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ponericin-G family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: To M.genitalium MG225.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of unsaturated organohalogen compounds. Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond of 2-chloroacrylate to produce (S)-2-chloropropionate, which is probably further metabolized to (R)-lactate by (S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase. Can also use 2-bromoacrylate as substrate. Does not act on acrylate, methacrylate, 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Multidomain protein that acts as a key epigenetic regulator by bridging DNA methylation and chromatin modification. Specifically recognizes and binds hemimethylated DNA at replication forks via its YDG domain and recruits DNMT1 methyltransferase to ensure faithful propagation of the DNA methylation patterns through DNA replication. In addition to its role in maintenance of DNA methylation, also plays a key role in chromatin modification: through its tudor-like regions and PHD-type zinc fingers, specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) and unmethylated at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me0), respectively, and recruits chromatin proteins. Enriched in pericentric heterochromatin where it recruits different chromatin modifiers required for this chromatin replication. Also localizes to euchromatic regions where it negatively regulates transcription possibly by impacting DNA methylation and histone modifications. Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity by mediating the ubiquitination of target proteins such as histone H3 and PML. It is still unclear how E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is related to its role in chromatin in vivo. Plays a role in DNA repair by cooperating with UHRF1 to ensure recruitment of FANCD2 to interstrand cross-links (ICLs) leading to FANCD2 activation (). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Associated, through the YDG domain (also called SRA domain), with replicating DNA from early to late S phase, including at replicating pericentric heterochromatin (PubMed:36056023). Also localizes to euchromatic regions. In non-S- phase cells, homogenously distributed through the nucleus (PubMed:36056023).


FUNCTION: Receptor for prokineticin 1. Exclusively coupled to the G(q) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. Activation leads to mobilization of calcium, stimulation of phosphoinositide turnover and activation of p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase. May play a role during early pregnancy (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in regulating transcriptional activation of cardiac genes during the aging process. May play a role in biosynthesis and/or processing of SLC2A4 in adipose cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, perinuclear region.


FUNCTION: Polyketide synthase responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: To M.jannaschii MJ0803.


FUNCTION: Involved in mercury resistance. Acts as a mercury scavenger that specifically binds to a mercuric ion in the periplasm and probably passes it to the cytoplasmic mercuric reductase MerA via the mercuric transport protein MerT. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MerP family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the efflux of sugars. The physiological role may be the reduction of the intracellular concentration of toxic sugars or sugar metabolites. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. SotB (TC 2.A.1.2) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain polyamines, which support the growth of thermophiles under high-temperature conditions. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of spermidine with the aminopropyl groups of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionines to produce N(4)-bis(aminopropyl)spermidine via N(4)-aminopropylspermidine. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the branched-chain polyamine synthase family.


FUNCTION: Alpha-fucosidase involved in degradation of fucosylated xyloglucans. Hydrolyzes alpha-1,2-linked fucose (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 95 family.


FUNCTION: Lysine-specific demethylase that specifically demethylates methylated lysine residues of proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the round spermatid basic protein 1 family.


FUNCTION: Leech salivary gland peptide with unknown function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the annelide toxin family.


FUNCTION: Oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of pestheic acid, a diphenyl ether which is a biosynthetic precursor of the unique chloropupukeananes (PubMed:24302702). The biosynthesis initiates from condensation of acetate and malonate units catalyzed by the non-reducing PKS ptaA (PubMed:24302702). As the ptaA protein is TE/CLC domain-deficient, hydrolysis and Claisen cyclization of the polyketide could be catalyzed by ptaB containing a beta- lactamase domain (PubMed:24302702). The ptaB protein might hydrolyze the thioester bond between the ACP of ptaA and the intermediate to release atrochrysone carboxylic acid, which is spontaneously dehydrated to form endocrocin anthrone (PubMed:24302702). Endocrocin anthrone is then converted to endocrocin, catalyzed by the anthrone oxygenase ptaC (PubMed:24302702). Spontaneous decarboxylation of endocrocin occurs to generate emodin (PubMed:24302702). An O-methyltransferase (ptaH or ptaI) could methylate emodin to form physcion (PubMed:24302702). PtaJ could then catalyze the oxidative cleavage of physcion, and rotation of the intermediate could then afford desmethylisosulochrin (PubMed:24302702). PtaF, a putative NADH-dependent oxidoreductase, might also participate in the oxidative cleavage step (PubMed:24302702). Desmethylisosulochrin is then transformed by another O-methyltransferase (ptaH or ptaI) to form isosulochrin (PubMed:24302702). Chlorination of isosulochrin by ptaM in the cyclohexadienone B ring then produces chloroisosulochrin (PubMed:24302702). PtaE is responsible for the oxidative coupling reactions of both benzophenones isosulouchrin and chloroisosulochrin to RES-1214-1 and pestheic acid respectively, regardless of chlorination. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Carboxylate--CoA ligase that may use 4-coumarate as substrate. Follows a two-step reaction mechanism, wherein the carboxylate substrate first undergoes adenylation by ATP, followed by a thioesterification in the presence of CoA to yield the final CoA thioester. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Involved in mitochondrial migration along actin filaments. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, actin patch Note=Cortical actin patches. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AIM21 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes one step in the degradation of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of communesins, a prominent class of indole alkaloids with great potential as pharmaceuticals (PubMed:25571861). Communesins are biosynthesized by the coupling of tryptamine and aurantioclavine, two building blocks derived from L- tryptophan (PubMed:25571861). The L-tryptophan decarboxylase cnsB converts L-tryptophan to tryptamine, whereas the tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase cnsF converts L-tryptophan to 4-dimethylallyl tryptophan which is further transformed to aurantioclavine by the aurantioclavine synthase cnsA, probably aided by the catalase cnsD (PubMed:25571861). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase cnsC catalyzes the heterodimeric coupling between the two different indole moieties, tryptamine and aurantioclavine, to construct vicinal quaternary stereocenters and yield the heptacyclic communesin scaffold (PubMed:26963294). The O-methyltransferase cnsE then methylates the communesin scaffold to produce communesin K, the simplest characterized communesin that contains the heptacyclic core (PubMed:25571861). The dioxygenase cnsJ converts communesin K into communesin I (PubMed:25571861). Acylation to introduce the hexadienyl group at position N16 of communesin I by the acyltransferase cnsK leads to the production of communesin B. The hexadienyl group is produced by the highly reducing polyketide synthase cnsI, before being hydrolytically removed from cnsI by the serine hydrolase cnsH, converted into hexadienyl-CoA by the CoA ligase cnsG, and then transferred to communesin I by cnsK (PubMed:25571861). Surprisingly, cnsK may also be a promiscuous acyltransferase that can tolerate a range of acyl groups, including acetyl-, propionyl-, and butyryl-CoA, which lead to communesins A, G and H respectively (PubMed:25571861). The roles of the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases cnsM and cnsP have still to be determined (PubMed:25571861). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May function as a system-specific chaperone protein essential for the assembly of an active selenate reductase SerABC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type II DMSO reductase enzyme chaperone family.