FUNCTION: Component of the SKA1 complex, a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore that is essential for proper chromosome segregation. Required for timely anaphase onset during mitosis, when chromosomes undergo bipolar attachment on spindle microtubules leading to silencing of the spindle checkpoint. The SKA1 complex is a direct component of the kinetochore-microtubule interface and directly associates with microtubules as oligomeric assemblies. The complex facilitates the processive movement of microspheres along a microtubule in a depolymerization-coupled manner. Affinity for microtubules is synergistically enhanced in the presence of the ndc-80 complex and may allow the ndc-80 complex to track depolymerizing microtubules. In the complex, it mediates the interaction with microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore Note=Localizes to the outer kinetochore and spindle microtubules during mitosis in a NDC80 complex-dependent manner. Localizes to both the mitotic spindle and kinetochore- associated proteins. Associates with kinetochores following microtubule attachment from prometaphase, through mid-anaphase and then vanishes in telophase. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SKA1 family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a suppressor of RNA-mediated gene silencing, also known as post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), a mechanism of plant viral defense that limits the accumulation of viral RNAs. Binds to short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) with high affinity. Acts as a molecular caliper to specifically select siRNAs based on the length of the duplex region of the RNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tombusvirus protein p19 family.


FUNCTION: General factor that plays a major role in the activation of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Interacts with TBP2 and is required for activated transcription and possibly basal transcription (PubMed:10634912). Plays important roles in pollen tube growth, guidance, and reception as well as endosperm development. Is partially functionally different from TFIIB2 and PBRP2 (PubMed:23547107). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TFIIB family.


FUNCTION: Has antibiotic, anti-fungi and antiviral activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.


FUNCTION: As a component of the GATOR complex may function in the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat mio family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome. Does not mediate the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probable cytoskeletal component that directly or indirectly plays an important role in neurofilament architecture. May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Controls degradation of TBCB (By similarity). Controls degradation of MAP1B and MAP1S, and is critical for neuronal maintenance and survival. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of GMP from XMP. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of GMP from XMP. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of GMP from XMP.


FUNCTION: Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acts as an accessory subunit for the core Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which mediates histone H3K27 (H3K27me3) trimethylation on chromatin leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Plays a role in nucleosome localization of the PRC2 complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Localizes to chromatin as part of the PRC2 complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AEBP2/jing C2H2-type zinc-finger family.


FUNCTION: Implicated in endocytosis. May recruit other proteins to membranes with high curvature (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Early endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Cell projection, podosome Note=Associated with postsynaptic endosomes in hippocampal neurons. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the endophilin family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nematode receptor-like protein sra family.


FUNCTION: Neuronal recognition molecule. Involved in a pathway recognition for axons during the development of nerve fascicles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Involved during embryo development. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPR family. P subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Postsynaptic density membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.


FUNCTION: GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DDOST 48 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator required for the expression of several genes encoding type III secretion system SPI1 effector proteins. The interaction with SicA is necessary for the activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE (By similarity). FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator required for the expression of several genes encoding type III secretion system SPI1 effector proteins. The interaction with SicA is necessary for the activation of sigDE (sopB pipC), sicAsipBCDA, and sopE.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthopoxviruses VACWR203 protein family.


FUNCTION: Involved in sporozoite infection of hepatocytes and replication therein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell surface Cell membrane Note=Present on the surface of sporozoite.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in regulating placenta growth. May act via its PH domain that competes with other PH domain-containing proteins, thereby preventing their binding to membrane lipids (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PHLDA2 family.


FUNCTION: Constitutes one of the two catalytic subunit of the tRNA- splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5'- and 3'-splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body. It probably carries the active site for 3'-splice site cleavage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Endomembrane system; Peripheral membrane protein Mitochondrion outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The tRNA splicing endonuclease complex is predominantly associated with the outer membrane of mitochondria, suggesting that tRNA splicing mainly takes place on the mitochondrial surface. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0051 (ycf24) family.


FUNCTION: ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and is required for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX24/MAK5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Possibly the antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Its cognate toxin is VapC3 (Potential). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0330 family.


FUNCTION: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Theta family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Lipid-anchor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Lipid-anchor.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which functions in cell cycle retarding in conjunction with the UBC4 and UBC13/MMS2 complex, 2 E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes. Involved in nutritional control of the cell cycle. Required for proper spindle positioning, likely regulating septin ring deposition at the bud neck. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DMA1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.


FUNCTION: Metalloprotease. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Nematocyst.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0729 family.


FUNCTION: Thioesterase that appears to be involved in phospholipid metabolism. Some specific acyl-ACPs could be physiological substrates. Displays acyl-CoA thioesterase activity on malonyl-CoA in vitro, catalyzing the hydrolysis of the thioester bond (By similarity). FUNCTION: Thioesterase that appears to be involved in phospholipid metabolism. Some specific acyl-ACPs could be physiological substrates. Displays acyl-CoA thioesterase activity on malonyl-CoA in vitro, catalyzing the hydrolysis of the thioester bond. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase family.


FUNCTION: Potentially involved in chemo- or phototactic signal transduction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyl-accepting chemotaxis (MCP) protein family.


FUNCTION: May initiate with G9P the virion concomitant assembly-budding process, by interacting with the packaging signal of the viral genome. The assembly-budding takes place at the host inner membrane. In turn, G7P and G9P are present at the end of the filamentous virion that emerges first from the bacterial host (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Prior to assembly, is found associated with the bacterial host inner membrane. There are about five copies of this protein per mature phage that are located on the tail side of the filamentous virion with G9P (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inovirus G7P protein family.


FUNCTION: Component of IFT complex A (IFT-A) involved in retrograde ciliary transport along microtubules from the ciliary tip to the base. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IFT43 family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds to GA-rich elements (GAGA-repeats) present in regulatory sequences of genes involved in developmental processes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BBR/BPC family.


FUNCTION: Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor Note=Shuttles between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid (SDAP), forming succinate and LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate (DAP), an intermediate involved in the bacterial biosynthesis of lysine and meso-diaminopimelic acid, an essential component of bacterial cell walls. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid (SDAP), forming succinate and LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate (DAP), an intermediate involved in the bacterial biosynthesis of lysine and meso-diaminopimelic acid, an essential component of bacterial cell walls. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family. DapE subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family. DapE subfamily.


FUNCTION: This protein is involved in control of the biosynthesis of threonine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thr operon leader peptide family.


FUNCTION: tRNA hydroxylase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 7-(a- amino-a-carboxypropyl)wyosine (yW-72) into undermodified hydroxywybutosine (OHyW*). OHyW* being further transformed into hydroxywybutosine (OHyW) by LCMT2/TYW4. OHyW is a derivative of wybutosine found in higher eukaryotes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TYW5 family.


FUNCTION: Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Plant sucrose synthase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for the transposition of the insertion element. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transposase IS21/IS408/IS1162 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). Required for female somatic sexual development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 29 family.


FUNCTION: Alternative, nonproton pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase that delivers electrons to the respiratory chain by oxidation of NADH and reduction of quinones, and contributes to the regeneration of NAD(+). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NADH dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system RprX/RprY. May activate RprY by phosphorylation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of a potassium efflux system that confers protection against electrophiles. Required for full activity of KefB. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family. KefG subfamily.


FUNCTION: In the presence of manganese, represses expression of mntH and mntS. Up-regulates expression of mntP (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DtxR/MntR family.


FUNCTION: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and vitamins during embryogenesis (PubMed:9555064, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:17178770). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH-- hemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:9555064, PubMed:11093772, PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317, PubMed:17178770). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Metabolizes 3beta- hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA), a precursor in the biosynthesis of androgen and estrogen steroid hormones (PubMed:9555064, PubMed:17178770). Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1), particularly D- ring hydroxylated estrone at the C16-alpha position (PubMed:14559847, PubMed:12865317). Mainly hydroxylates all trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to 4-hydroxyretinoate and may play a role in atRA clearance during fetal development (PubMed:11093772). Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics including anticonvulsants (PubMed:9555064). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: This protein may be a central component in the iron- acquisition system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 1 family.


FUNCTION: This protein is a positive regulator of gene expression of cephalosporinase (AmpC). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LysR transcriptional regulatory family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial solute carriers shuttle metabolites, nucleotides, and cofactors through the mitochondrial inner membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.


FUNCTION: Low-affinity glucose transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. GMF subfamily.


FUNCTION: Retards apoptosis induced by IL-3 deprivation. May function in the response of hemopoietic cells to external signals and in maintaining endothelial survival during infection. Can inhibit apoptosis induced by serum starvation in the mammary epithelial cell line HC11 (PubMed:11888890). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.


FUNCTION: Packages the positive strand viral genome RNA into a helical ribonucleocapsid (RNP) and plays a fundamental role during virion assembly through its interactions with the viral genome and membrane protein M. Plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency of subgenomic viral RNA transcription as well as viral replication. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment Host Golgi apparatus Note=Located inside the virion, complexed with the viral RNA. Probably associates with ER-derived membranes where it participates in viral RNA synthesis and virus budding. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the betacoronavirus nucleocapsid protein family.


FUNCTION: Exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase activities. Can use glutathione (GSH) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrates. Involved in the regulation of far-red light influence on development (PubMed:17220357). Regulator of the interplay between light and JA signaling by increasing JAR1/FIN219 efficiency (PubMed:28223489). Maybe involved in gravitropic signal transduction (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Tau family.


FUNCTION: Forms the histone H2A phosphatase complex in association with the regulatory subunits PSY2 and PSY4, which dephosphorylates H2AS128ph (gamma-H2A) that has been displaced from sites of DNA lesions in the double-stranded DNA break repair process. Dephosphorylation is necessary for efficient recovery from the DNA damage checkpoint (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily.


FUNCTION: The fumarate reductase enzyme complex is required for fumarate respiration. This subunit anchors the complex in the membrane and binds a diheme cytochrome b. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the diheme cytochrome b FrdC family.


FUNCTION: Osteostatin is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption. FUNCTION: Neuroendocrine peptide which is a critical regulator of cellular and organ growth, development, migration, differentiation and survival and of epithelial calcium ion transport. Regulates endochondral bone development and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands and teeth. Required for skeletal homeostasis. Promotes mammary mesenchyme differentiation and bud outgrowth by modulating mesenchymal cell responsiveness to BMPs. Up-regulates BMPR1A expression in the mammary mesenchyme and this increases the sensitivity of these cells to BMPs and allows them to respond to BMP4 in a paracrine and/or autocrine fashion. BMP4 signaling in the mesenchyme, in turn, triggers epithelial outgrowth and augments MSX2 expression, which causes the mammary mesenchyme to inhibit hair follicle formation within the nipple sheath (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family.


FUNCTION: Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes (By similarity). The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of E3 ligase complexes, leading to modify the Ubl ligase activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CSN3 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in fatty-acid beta-oxidation prior to gluconeogenesis during germination and subsequent seedling growth. Implicated in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.


FUNCTION: Transporter required for vacuolar uptake of histidine, arginine and lysine and to a lesser extent tyrosine. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.


FUNCTION: This protein binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Represses transcription from promoters with ATF sites (By similarity). It may repress transcription by stabilizing the binding of inhibitory cofactors at the promoter (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily.


FUNCTION: Exerts its effect at some terminal stage of cytochrome c oxidase synthesis, probably by being involved in the insertion of the copper B into subunit I. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Periplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COX11/CtaG family.


FUNCTION: Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that inhibits collagen- induced platelet aggregation. In terms of inhibition of platelet aggregation, superbin d is less potent as superbin a, b, and c. PLA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3- sn-phosphoglycerides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group I subfamily.


FUNCTION: In muscle, parvalbumin is thought to be involved in relaxation after contraction. It binds two calcium ions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parvalbumin family.


FUNCTION: Probable tape measure protein. Serves as a base for tail tube protein polymerization and acts as a template for tail length determination. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Note=Present inside the tail tube. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the skunalikevirus tape measure protein family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the coenzyme F420 which requires phospholactate produced via the aldol cleavage of L-fuculose 1-phosphate and the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (S)-lactaldehyde. Catalyzes the reversible cleavage of L-fuculose 1-phosphate (Fuc1P) to yield dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and S-lactaldehyde. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldolase class II family. AraD/FucA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the formation of nucleus-vacuole (NV) junctions during piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus (PMN). NV junctions are interorganelle interfaces mediated by NVJ1 in the nuclear envelope and VAC8 on the vacuole membrane. Together, NVJ1 and VAC8 form Velcro-like patches through which teardrop-like portions of the nucleus are pinched off into the vacuolar lumen and degraded by the PMN process. Acts also as an outer-nuclear membrane receptor for OSH1 and TSC13. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Major component of the virus occlusion bodies, which are large proteinaceous structures (polyhedra), that protect the virus from the outside environment for extended periods until they are ingested by insect larvae. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polyhedrin family.


FUNCTION: Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2 (By similarity). DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3- carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster found in the DPH1 subunit (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: High activity toward 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Not very efficient at catalyzing the addition of GSH to enones and epoxides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Sigma family.


FUNCTION: Forms the portal vertex of the capsid (PubMed:8178458). This portal plays critical roles in head assembly, genome packaging, neck/tail attachment, and genome ejection. The portal protein multimerizes as a single ring-shaped homododecamer arranged around a central channel. Binds to the terminase subunits to form the packaging machine. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phage portal family. PBSX subfamily.


FUNCTION: Retroviral envelope proteins mediate receptor recognition and membrane fusion during early infection. Endogenous envelope proteins may have kept, lost or modified their original function during evolution. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=At the origin, this retroviral envelope protein was localized in the virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gamma type-C retroviral envelope protein family. HERV class-I F(c)1 env subfamily.


FUNCTION: Participates in cysteine desulfuration mediated by SufS. Cysteine desulfuration mobilizes sulfur from L-cysteine to yield L- alanine and constitutes an essential step in sulfur metabolism for biosynthesis of a variety of sulfur-containing biomolecules. Functions as a sulfur acceptor for SufS, by mediating the direct transfer of the sulfur atom from the S-sulfanylcysteine of SufS, an intermediate product of cysteine desulfuration process. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SufE family.


FUNCTION: Involved in disease resistance. Required for resistance conferred by multiple R genes recognizing different bacterial and oomycete pathogen isolates like avirulent P.syringae or H.parasitica (downy mildew). Required for the establishment of hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) after infection with the bacterial pathogen P.syringae DC3000 carrying avrRpt2. Required for resistance to the soilborne fungus V.longisporum. Interaction with RIN4 is required for the activation of the R gene RPS2 and RPS2-mediated resistance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the removal of methylamine from 4- methylaminobutanoate with the formation of succinate semialdehyde. Is involved in the catabolism of 4-methylaminobutanoate produced from nicotine. Has a very weak monoamine oxidase activity with 4- aminobutanoate. Cannot use spermidine, spermine, sarcosine, dimethylglycine, glycine, choline, betaine, alpha-methylamino isobutyrate, methylamine propionitrile and methylamino propylamine as substrate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors that functions in the canonical Wnt/beta- catenin signaling pathway (By similarity). Plays an important role in embryonic development, including dorsal versus ventral patterning during limb development, skeleton development and urogenital tract development. Required for central nervous system (CNS) angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier regulation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Wnt family.


FUNCTION: Non-catalytic component of the exosome, which is a complex involved in RNA degradation. Increases the RNA binding and the efficiency of RNA degradation. Confers strong poly(A) specificity to the exosome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRP4 family.


FUNCTION: This enzyme hydrolyzes both single- and double-stranded RNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the function of the cyst and parasitophorous vacuole membranes and therefore in host-parasite interactions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Parasitophorous vacuole lumen. Parasitophorous vacuole membrane. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle. Note=Located in dense granules of tachyzoites. Upon infection, secreted into the cyst and the parasitophorous vacuole (PV).


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of pyridine alkaloid natural products, leading mainly to the production of anabasine, anatabine, nicotine and nornicotine, effective deterrents against herbivores with antiparasitic and pesticide properties (neurotoxins); nornicotine serves as the precursor in the synthesis of the carcinogen compound N'- nitrosonornicotine (NNN) (PubMed:10598105, PubMed:31276744, PubMed:34095742). Methyltransferase that mediates the conversion of putrescine to N-methylputrescine (PubMed:10598105). Promotes leaves ripening (PubMed:34095742). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Putrescine methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the regulation of shoot gravitropism, and tassel and ear development through the regulation of polar auxin transport (PAT) and auxin signaling. Acts as negative regulator of basipetal PAT, but positive regulator of lateral auxin transport (PubMed:24089437). Involved in the regulation of shoot gravitropism and leaf angle through the regulation of cell development (PubMed:24987012). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LAZY family.


FUNCTION: NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. FUNCTION: NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 1 family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 1 family.


FUNCTION: Ligand-gated ion channel with relatively high calcium permeability. Binding to ATP mediates synaptic transmission between neurons and from neurons to smooth muscle. Seems to be linked to apoptosis, by increasing the intracellular concentration of calcium in the presence of ATP, leading to programmed cell death (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P2X receptor family.


FUNCTION: Specifically methylates position 2 of adenine 2503 in 23S rRNA and position 2 of adenine 37 in tRNAs. m2A2503 modification seems to play a crucial role in the proofreading step occurring at the peptidyl transferase center and thus would serve to optimize ribosomal fidelity. Unmodified tRNA is not a suitable substrate for RlmN, which suggests that RlmN works in a late step during tRNA maturation. FUNCTION: Specifically methylates position 2 of adenine 2503 in 23S rRNA and position 2 of adenine 37 in tRNAs. m2A2503 modification seems to play a crucial role in the proofreading step occurring at the peptidyl transferase center and thus would serve to optimize ribosomal fidelity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. RlmN family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. RlmN family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a docking protein to recruit essential components of the viral replication machinery to viral DNA origins. In the presence of the major DNA-binding protein, opens dsDNA leading to a conformational change in the origin that facilitates DNA unwinding and subsequent replication. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae OriBP family.


FUNCTION: PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin/cytochrome c6-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin or cytochrome c6. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaA/PsaB family.


FUNCTION: Shell component of a type 2A encapsulin nanocompartment. Forms encapsulin nanocompartments about 24 nm in diameter from 60 monomers. Probably encapsulates at least cysteine desulfurase (CyD) and allows passage of cysteine into its interior, probably involved in sulfur metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Encapsulin nanocompartment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the encapsulin family. Family 2A subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a major role to prevent cellular inhibition of viral genome replication. Assembles an SCF-like E3 ubiquitin ligase complex based on the cellular proteins ELOB, ELOC, CUL5 and RBX1, in cooperation with viral E4orf6. This viral RING-type ligase ubiquitinates cellular substrates and targets them to proteasomal degradation: TP53/p53, LIG4, MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, ITGA3, DAXX and BLM. Degradation of host TP53/p53 activity is essential for preventing E1A-induced TP53 accumulation that would otherwise lead to cell apoptosis and growth arrest. E1B-55K also inactivates TP53 transcription-factor activity by binding its transactivation domain. E1B-55K also functions as a SUMO1 E3 ligase for TP53 which causes the latter to be sequestered in promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies thereby contributing to maximal inhibition of TP53 function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus Host cytoplasm Note=Colocalizes with host TP53 to host PML nuclear bodies. PML localization of E1B-55K is necessary for E1B-55K-dependent SUMOylation of TP53. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenoviridae E1B 55 kDa protein family.


FUNCTION: Probable cell membrane polyamine/proton symporter involved in the polyamine uptake in cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Polyamine:cation symporter (PHS) (TC 2.A.3.12) family.


FUNCTION: Component of the small ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. Required for processing of pre-rRNA and maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.


FUNCTION: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the indole diterpenes penitrems (PubMed:25831977). The geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase ptmG catalyzes the first step in penitrem biosynthesis via conversion of farnesyl pyrophosphate and isopentyl pyrophosphate into geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) (PubMed:25831977). Condensation of indole-3- glycerol phosphate with GGPP by the prenyl transferase ptmC then forms 3-geranylgeranylindole (3-GGI) (PubMed:25831977). Epoxidation by the FAD-dependent monooxygenase ptmM leads to a epoxidized-GGI that is substrate of the terpene cyclase ptmB for cyclization to yield paspaline (PubMed:25831977). Paspaline is subsequently converted to 13- desoxypaxilline by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ptmP, the latter being then converted to paxilline by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ptmQ (PubMed:25831977). Paxilline is converted to beta-paxitriol via C- 10 ketoreduction by the short-chain dehydrogenase ptmH which can be monoprenylated at the C-20 by the indole diterpene prenyltransferase ptmD (PubMed:25831977). A two-step elimination (acetylation and elimination) process performed by the O-acetyltransferase ptmV and ptmI leads to the production of the prenylated form of penijanthine (PubMed:25831977). The FAD-linked oxidoreductase ptmO then converts the prenylated form of penijanthine into PC-M5 which is in turn transformed into PC-M4 by the aromatic dimethylallyltransferase ptmE (PubMed:25831977). Five sequential oxidative transformations performed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases ptmK, ptmU, ptmL, ptmN and ptmJ yield the various penitrem compounds. PtmK, ptmU and ptmM are involved in the formation of the key bicyclic ring of penitrem C via the formation of the intermediates secopenitrem D and penitrem D. PtmL catalyzes the epoxidation of penitrem D and C to yield penitrem B and F, respectively. PtmJ catalyzes the last benzylic hydroxylation to convert penitrem B to prenitrem E and penitrem F to penitrem A (PubMed:25831977). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Terminates signal transduction at the neuromuscular junction by rapid hydrolysis of the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Synapse. Secreted. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.


FUNCTION: Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase holoenzyme provides the precursors necessary for viral DNA synthesis. Allows virus growth in non-dividing cells. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and its perinuclear clustering (PubMed:15979461). Plays a minor role in the recruitment and association of the fission mediator dynamin-related protein 1 (DNM1L) to the mitochondrial surface and mitochondrial fission (By similarity). May not be essential for the assembly of functional fission complexes and the subsequent membrane scission event (By similarity). Also mediates peroxisomal fission (By similarity). May act when the products of fission are directed toward mitochondrial homeostasis, mitophagy, or apoptosis (By similarity). Can induce cytochrome c release from the mitochondrion to the cytosol, ultimately leading to apoptosis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Peroxisome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FIS1 family.


FUNCTION: May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the APS1/VSP family.


FUNCTION: Associates with the Ig-mu chain to form a molecular complex that is expressed on the surface of pre-B-cells. This complex presumably regulates Ig gene rearrangements in the early steps of B- cell differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.


FUNCTION: Dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of lovastatin (also known as mevinolin, mevacor or monacolin K), a hypolipidemic inhibitor of (3S)- hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR) (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The first step in the biosynthesis of lovastatin is the production of dihydromonacolin L acid by the lovastatin nonaketide synthase lovB and the trans-acting enoyl reductase lovC via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and 8 malonyl-CoA units (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:10381407, PubMed:19900898, PubMed:22733743). Dihydromonacolin L acid is released from lovB by the thioesterase lovG (PubMed:23653178). Next, dihydromonacolin L acid is oxidized by the dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase lovA twice to form monacolin J acid (PubMed:12929390, PubMed:21495633). The 2- methylbutyrate moiety of lovastatin is synthesized by the lovastatin diketide synthase lovF via condensation of one acetyl-CoA unit and one malonyl-CoA unit (PubMed:19530726, PubMed:21069965). Finally, the covalent attachment of this moiety to monacolin J acid is catalyzed by the transesterase lovD to yield lovastatin (PubMed:10334994, PubMed:17113998, PubMed:18988191, PubMed:19875080, PubMed:24727900). LovD has broad substrate specificity and can also convert monacolin J to simvastatin using alpha-dimethylbutanoyl-S-methyl-3- mercaptopropionate (DMB-S-MMP) as the thioester acyl donor, and can also catalyze the reverse reaction and function as hydrolase in vitro (PubMed:19875080). LovD has much higher activity with LovF-bound 2- methylbutanoate than with free diketide substrates (PubMed:21069965). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single- pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (formyl-FH4) to formate and tetrahydrofolate (FH4). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PurU family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the opioid growth factor receptor family.


FUNCTION: Light-harvesting photosynthetic bile pigment-protein from the phycobiliprotein complex. Allophycocyanin has a maximum absorption at approximately 650 to 653 nanometers. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Forms the core of the phycobilisome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phycobiliprotein family.


FUNCTION: ADP-ribosylates eukaryotic Rho and Rac proteins on an asparagine residue. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: To C.botulinum D and C phages exoenzyme C3, and to S.aureus EdiN.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. As part of PI3KC3-C1, promotes endoplasmic reticulum membrane curvature formation prior to vesicle budding. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Involved in the transport of lysosomal enzyme precursors to lysosomes. Required for transport from early to late endosomes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Midbody Late endosome Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome Note=As component of the PI3K complex I localized to pre-autophagosome structures. As component of the PI3K complex II localized predominantly to endosomes (By similarity). Localizes also to discrete punctae along the ciliary axoneme and to the base of the ciliary axoneme (PubMed:24089209). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.


FUNCTION: Intake of glucose and galactose. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. FHS transporter (TC 2.A.1.7) family.


FUNCTION: Predicted GPI-anchored protein which may have a role during host infection. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI- anchor.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of ubiquinone-8 (UQ-8) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB, generating the first membrane-bound Q intermediate 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of ubiquinone-8 (UQ-8) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB, generating the first membrane-bound Q intermediate 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (PubMed:4552989). Geranyldiphosphate (GPP), all-trans- farnesyldiphosphate (FPP) and all-trans-solanesyldiphosphate (SPP) are also accepted as side chain precursors (PubMed:8155731). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of L-threonine to 2- amino-3-ketobutyrate, mediating L-threonine catabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.


FUNCTION: Kinase that has a preference for L-erythrulose, producing L- erythrulose-1P. Involved in the degradation pathway of L-threitol, that allows M.smegmatis to grow on this compound as the sole carbon source. Is also able to phosphorylate D-erythrulose and dihydroxyacetone in vitro.


FUNCTION: Transports adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine, cytosine and uracil. Transport is probably proton-dependent. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family. Azg-like subfamily.


FUNCTION: In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Could also be implicated in the prevention of platelet aggregation by hydrolyzing platelet-activating ADP to AMP. Hydrolyzes ATP and ADP equally well. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family.


FUNCTION: ADP-ribosyltransferase that efficiently ADP-ribosylates one of the two alpha subunits of host RNA polymerase RPOA on an arginine located in the C-terminal region. ADP-ribosylation of RPOA alpha subunit enhances the transcription of viral early genes. Also ribosylates RPOA subunits beta, beta' and sigma 70 and performs an autoribosylation reaction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Note=About 25-50 copies per virion. This protein is injected into the bacterial cell along with the viral DNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Tevenvirinae NAD(+)--arginine ADP- ribosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Involved in the interferon/all-trans-retinoic acid (IFN/RA) induced cell death. This apoptotic activity is inhibited by interaction with viral IRF1. Prevents the transactivation of STAT3 target genes. May play a role in CARD15-mediated innate mucosal responses and serve to regulate intestinal epithelial cell responses to microbes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein; Matrix side Nucleus Note=Localizes mainly in the mitochondrion. May be translocated into the nucleus upon IFN/RA treatment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA13 subunit family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in peptide and protein thiols to disulfides with the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. May contribute to disulfide bond formation in a variety of secreted proteins. Also seems to play a role in regulating the sensitization of neuroblastoma cells for interferon-gamma-induced apoptosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single- pass membrane protein Secreted Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Nucleus membrane; Single- pass membrane protein Note=Seems to be predominantly targeted to the nuclear and outer plasma membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX) family.


FUNCTION: GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRA3 sub- subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required to establish and maintain the arrest of oocytes at the second meiotic metaphase until fertilization. Acts by inhibiting the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase. Probably recognizes and binds to some phosphorylated proteins and promotes their ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:34052850, PubMed:34595750). Plays a vital role in modulating the ubiquitilation of CCNB1 and CDK1 during gametogenesis.


FUNCTION: P-Ser-HPr interacts with the catabolite control protein A (CcpA), forming a complex that binds to DNA at the catabolite response elements cre, operator sites preceding a large number of catabolite- regulated genes. Thus, P-Ser-HPr is a corepressor in carbon catabolite repression (CCR), a mechanism that allows bacteria to coordinate and optimize the utilization of available carbon sources. P-Ser-HPr also plays a role in inducer exclusion, in which it probably interacts with several non-PTS permeases and inhibits their transport activity (By similarity). FUNCTION: General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred to the phosphoryl carrier protein HPr by enzyme I. Phospho-HPr then transfers it to the PTS EIIA domain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HPr family.


FUNCTION: Putative transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-[AG]GATT-3'. Functions as response regulator involved in His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction system. Phosphorylation of the Asp residue in the receiver domain activates the ability of the protein to promote the transcription of target genes. Could directly activate some type-A response regulators in response to cytokinins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylative condensation of pimeloyl-[acyl- carrier protein] and L-alanine to produce 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (AON), [acyl-carrier protein], and carbon dioxide (By similarity). Can also use pimeloyl-CoA instead of pimeloyl-ACP as substrate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. BioF subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network Endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: May act as a tumor suppressor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ITIH family.


FUNCTION: Probable component of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LCL2 family.


FUNCTION: Probable sugar transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Lipid-binding protein involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q, also named ubiquinone, an essential lipid-soluble electron transporter for aerobic cellular respiration. Binds a phospholipid of at least 10 carbons in each acyl group. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COQ9 family.


FUNCTION: N4-methylcytidine (m4C) methyltransferase responsible for the methylation of position C839 in mitochondrial 12S rRNA. Involved in the stabilization of 12S rRNA folding, therefore facilitating the assembly of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunits. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RsmH family.


FUNCTION: Could be a melanogenic enzyme. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Melanosome membrane; Single- pass type I membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PMEL/NMB family.


FUNCTION: Able to phosphorylate in vitro the major virion phosphoprotein phosphorylated in vivo. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of ornithine to glutamate semialdehyde. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. OAT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes both purine and pyrimidine ribonucleosides with a broad-substrate specificity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IUNH family. RihC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with LCB1/SPTLC1 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. SPT complexes containing SPTLC3 generate shorter chain sphingoid bases compared to complexes containing SPTLC2. The SPTLC1- SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses C12-CoA, C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. On the other hand, the SPTLC1- SPTLC3-SPTSSB has the ability to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs without apparent preference. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Membrane-anchored myosin receptors that define a distinct, plant-specific transport vesicle compartment. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Part of the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transport system DctPQM involved in C4-dicarboxylates uptake. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAP transporter large permease family.


FUNCTION: Component of the CENPA-HI complex, a centromeric complex involved in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome, centromere Note=Localizes exclusively in the centromeres.


FUNCTION: Functions as 15-oxo-prostaglandin 13-reductase and acts on 15-keto-PGE1, 15-keto-PGE2, 15-keto-PGE1-alpha and 15-keto-PGE2-alpha with highest activity towards 15-keto-PGE2. Overexpression represses transcriptional activity of PPARG and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NADP-dependent oxidoreductase L4BD family.


FUNCTION: Involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagic vesicle formation. Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy). Also required for mitophagy, which eliminates defective or superfluous mitochondria in order to fulfill cellular energy requirements and prevent excess ROS production. Conjugation with atg12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving atg7 as an E1- like activating enzyme and atg10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The atg12-atg5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of atg8 and atg8 association to the vesicle membranes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Preautophagosomal structure membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG5 family.


FUNCTION: Alpha-humulene synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of eupenifeldin, a bistropolone meroterpenoid that acts as an antitumor agent (PubMed:30980906). The first step of eupenifeldin biosynthesis is the biosynthesis of 3-methylorcinaldehyde performed by the non-reducing polyketide synthase eupA (PubMed:30980906). Oxidative dearomatization of 3-methylorcinaldehyde likely catalyzed by the FAD-dependent monooxygenase eupB is followed by oxidative ring expansion by the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase eupC to provide the first tropolone metabolite, tropolone stipitaldehyde (Probable). In parallel, generation of sesquiterpene alpha-humulene from farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) is catalyzed by the terpene cyclase eupE (PubMed:30980906). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase eupD then hydroxylates humulene to humulenol (PubMed:30980906). The putative Diels-Alderase eupF probably catalyzes the formation of the tropolone-humulene skeleton by linking humulenol and the polyketide moiety (Probable). The short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase eupG and the flavin-dependent monooxygenase eupH are also essential for eupenifeldin biosynthesis and are likely the additional decorating enzymes of the tropolone-humulene skeleton to produce final eupenifeldin or derivatives (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family. Alpha-humulene synthase eupE subfamily.


FUNCTION: Nuclear serine protease which mediates apoptosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1C family.


FUNCTION: High-affinity receptor for 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14- eicosatetraenoic acid (12-S-HETE), with much lower affinities for other HETE isomers (PubMed:21712392, PubMed:29227475). 12-S-HETE is a eicosanoid, a 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) metabolite of arachidonic acid, involved in many physiologic and pathologic processes (PubMed:26965684, PubMed:28619714, PubMed:29227475). 12-S-HETE-binding leads to activation of ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1), MEK, and NF-kappa-B pathways leading to cell growth (PubMed:21712392, PubMed:29227475). Plays a crucial role for proliferation, survival and macropinocytosis of KRAS- dependent cancer cells by mediating the translocation of KRAS from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane (PM) and its association with the PM (PubMed:28619714). Contributes to enhanced immune responses by inducing dendrite protrusion of small intestinal CX3CR1(+) phagocytes for the uptake of luminal antigens (By similarity). Acts also as a key receptor for 12-(S)-HETE-mediated liver ischemia reperfusion injury (PubMed:29227475). FUNCTION: Proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aspcandine, a pyrrolobenzazepine alkaloid (PubMed:35748771). Initially, the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase acdA accepts L-tryptophan and performs the oxidative opening of the indole ring to yield N'-formyl-L-kynurenine, which undergoes the spontaneous deformylation reaction to provide L-kynurenine (PubMed:35748771). The kynurenine 3-monooxygenase acdD then hydroxylates L-kynurenine to afford 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (PubMed:35748771). 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine is activated by the A domain of the NRPS-PKS acdB and subsequently loaded onto the enzyme (PubMed:35748771). The KS domain conducts the decarboxylative condensation of the 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenyl and malonyl moieties, and subsequent nucleophilic attacks by the two amino groups would occur nonenzymatically at two distinct positions, achieving the chain release and the construction of the tricyclic system (PubMed:35748771). Finally, a dehydration reaction completes the biosynthesis to yield aspcandine (PubMed:35748771). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a multifunctional transcription factor that may exhibit positive and negative control on a large number of genes. May antagonize YY1 and function in development and differentiation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the YY transcription factor family.


FUNCTION: Interacts with HSP70 and can stimulate its ATPase activity. Stimulates the association between HSC70 and HIP. Negatively regulates heat shock-induced HSF1 transcriptional activity during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the heat shock response. Stimulates ATP hydrolysis and the folding of unfolded proteins mediated by HSPA1A/B (in vitro). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Nucleus, nucleolus Note=Translocates rapidly from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and especially to the nucleoli, upon heat shock.


FUNCTION: Alcohol dehydrogenase with a preference for medium chain secondary alcohols, such as 2-butanol and isopropanol. Has very low activity with primary alcohols, such as ethanol. Under physiological conditions, the enzyme reduces aldehydes and 2-ketones to produce secondary alcohols. Is also active with acetaldehyde and propionaldehyde (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Alpha-dioxygenase that catalyzes the primary oxygenation step of a variety of 14-20 carbon fatty acids, containing up to three unsaturated bonds, into their corresponding 2R-hydroperoxides (Probable). Involved in the production of oxylipins that function in cell signaling, wound healing, and protection from infection (Probable). The lipid-derived signaling pathway is involved in the initial response of hot pepper plants to pathogen infection (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxidase family.


FUNCTION: Lysosomal ceramidase that hydrolyzes sphingolipid ceramides into sphingosine and free fatty acids at acidic pH (PubMed:10610716, PubMed:7744740, PubMed:15655246, PubMed:11451951). Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1-phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (PubMed:10610716). Has a higher catalytic efficiency towards C12-ceramides versus other ceramides (PubMed:7744740, PubMed:15655246). Also catalyzes the reverse reaction allowing the synthesis of ceramides from fatty acids and sphingosine (PubMed:12764132, PubMed:12815059). For the reverse synthetic reaction, the natural sphingosine D-erythro isomer is more efficiently utilized as a substrate compared to D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine and D-erythro- phytosphingosine, while the fatty acids with chain lengths of 12 or 14 carbons are the most efficiently used (PubMed:12764132). Has also an N- acylethanolamine hydrolase activity (PubMed:15655246). By regulating the levels of ceramides, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate in the epidermis, mediates the calcium-induced differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes (PubMed:17713573). Also indirectly regulates tumor necrosis factor/TNF-induced apoptosis (By similarity). By regulating the intracellular balance between ceramides and sphingosine, in adrenocortical cells, probably also acts as a regulator of steroidogenesis (PubMed:22261821). FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: May directly regulate steroidogenesis by binding the nuclear receptor NR5A1 and negatively regulating its transcriptional activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome Secreted Note=Secretion is extremely low and localization to lysosomes is mannose-6-phosphate receptor-dependent. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=A localization to the nucleus and the cytoplasm has also been reported for ASAH1, most probably for isoforms devoid of a signal peptide. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acid ceramidase family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the V-ATPase D subunit family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. uL1 forms part of the L1 stalk, a mobile element that plays a role in evacuating the exit-site tRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family.


FUNCTION: Controls the expression of spo0A and is required to pass the morphological stage 0 of sporulation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the spo0M family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase that mediates the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. Not involved in the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transfers a palmitate residue from the sn-1 position of a phospholipid to the N-linked hydroxymyristate on the proximal unit of lipid A or its precursors. Phosphatidylglycerol (PtdGro), phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) and phosphatidic acid (Ptd-OH) are all effective acyl donors. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lipid A palmitoyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in maceration and soft-rotting of plant tissue. Hydrolyzes the 1,4-alpha glycosidic bonds of de-esterified pectate in the smooth region of the plant cell wall (By similarity). FUNCTION: Involved in maceration and soft-rotting of plant tissue. Hydrolyzes the 1,4-alpha glycosidic bonds of de-esterified pectate in the smooth region of the plant cell wall. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.


FUNCTION: Associates with the cytoplasmic domain of a variety of cadherins. The association of catenins to cadherins produces a complex which is linked to the actin filament network, and which seems to be of primary importance for cadherins cell-adhesion properties. Can associate with both E- and N-cadherins. Originally believed to be a stable component of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes and to mediate the linkage of cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton at adherens junctions. In contrast, cortical actin was found to be much more dynamic than E-cadherin/catenin complexes and CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex suggesting a different linkage between actin and adherens junctions components. The homodimeric form may regulate actin filament assembly and inhibit actin branching by competing with the Arp2/3 complex for binding to actin filaments. Involved in the regulation of WWTR1/TAZ, YAP1 and TGFB1- dependent SMAD2 and SMAD3 nuclear accumulation (By similarity). May play a crucial role in cell differentiation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell junction, adherens junction Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cell junction Note=Found at cell-cell boundaries and probably at cell-matrix boundaries. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonuclease N1/T1 family.


FUNCTION: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. This protein is not essential for growth. Presumably plays a role in signal transduction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the chromophorylation of the CpcA gene product. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CpcE/RpcE/PecE family.


FUNCTION: Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that extrudes sodium in exchange for external protons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NhaA Na(+)/H(+) (TC 2.A.33) antiporter family.


FUNCTION: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia and flagellar axoneme. Forms filamentous polymers in the walls of ciliary and flagellar microtubules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium axoneme Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, flagellum axoneme. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tektin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0304 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reduction of Delta(1)-pyrroline-2-carboxylate (Pyr2C) to L-proline, using preferentially NADPH over NADH as the electron donor. Together with LhpH, is involved in a metabolic pathway that converts trans-3-hydroxy-L-proline (t3LHyp) to L-proline. To a much lesser extent, can also reduce Delta(1)-piperideine-2-carboxylate (Pip2C) to L-pipecolate in vitro; however, this activity has likely no physiological significance in vivo since C.psychrerythraea probably possesses no ability to metabolize D-lysine via the L-pipecolate pathway. Does not show ornithine cyclodeaminase (OCD) activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ornithine cyclodeaminase/mu-crystallin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0335 family.


FUNCTION: Key regulator for male fertility expressed transiently in round spermatids where it recruits IZUMO1 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and coordinates the oolemmal binding multimeric complex (IZUMO1 complex) assembly. Upon complete assembly of the IZUMO1 complex, its ER retention is released, facilitating IZUMO1 complex export to the acrosome. Through the interaction with SPPL2C, inhibits its intramembrane protease activity directly accessing the catalytic center of an I-CLiP. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family (PubMed:17488271). Regulates chick apical ectodermal ridge formation (PubMed:17488271). Required for normal embryonic mesoderm development and formation of caudal somites. Required for normal morphogenesis of the developing neural tube (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Wnt family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DMRL synthase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Is not required for association of CNOT7 to the CCR4-NOT complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CNOT10 family.


FUNCTION: Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane-type Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity. Binds to and activates SLC9A1/NHE1 in a serum-independent manner, thus increasing pH and protecting cells from serum deprivation-induced death. Also plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth by increasing the phosphatase activity of PPP3CA in a calcium-dependent manner. Activator of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Involved in the cytoplasmic translocation of the transcription factor NFATC3 to the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Note=Predominantly localized in a juxtanuclear region. Colocalizes with SLC9A3 in the juxtanuclear region and at the plasma membrane (By similarity). Exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through a nuclear export signal (NES) pathway. May shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family. CHP subfamily.


FUNCTION: Could act as an H1-type linker histone. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the reduced folate carrier (RFC) transporter (TC 2.A.48) family.


FUNCTION: Plays two roles in the biosynthesis of the exopolysaccharide alginate: protects alginate from degradation as the polymer traverses the periplasm, and also plays a role in its O-acetylation. Acetylation of alginate causes the cells in the biofilm to adhere better to lung epithelium, form microcolonies, and resist the effects of the host immune system and/or antibiotics. Displays a low acetylesterase activity in vitro using a pseudosubstrate, 3-carboxyumbelliferyl acetate. Probably has acetyltransferase activity in vivo. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AlgX family.


FUNCTION: Required for growth and/or survival at acidic conditions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Asr family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for channeling the electrons from the oxidation of dihydroorotate from the FMN redox center in the PyrD type B subunit to the ultimate electron acceptor NAD(+). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PyrK family.


FUNCTION: Insecticidal, cytolytic and antimicrobial peptide. Forms voltage-dependent, ion-permeable channels in membranes. At high concentration causes cell membrane lysis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cationic peptide 06 (cytoinsectotoxin) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in regulation of NF-kappa-B signaling. Promotes ubiquitination of I-kappa-B-kinase subunit IKBKB and its subsequent proteasomal degradation leading to NF-kappa-B activation; the function may involve association with COMMD8 and a CUL1-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. May down-regulate NF-kappa-B activity via association with COMMD1 and involving a CUL2-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Regulates the cellular localization of COMM domain-containing proteins, such as COMMD1 and COMMD10. Component of the CCC complex, which is involved in the regulation of endosomal recycling of surface proteins, including integrins, signaling receptor and channels. The CCC complex associates with SNX17, retriever and WASH complexes to prevent lysosomal degradation and promote cell surface recycling of numerous cargos such as integrins ITGA5:ITGB1. Plays a role in copper ion homeostasis. Involved in copper-dependent ATP7A trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and vesicles in the cell periphery; the function is proposed to depend on its association within the CCC complex and cooperation with the WASH complex on early endosomes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CCDC22 family.


FUNCTION: Converts glucose 1-phosphate to UDP-glucose, which is the major glycosyl donor for polysaccharides. Acts redundantly with UGP2 and is essential for the synthesis of sucrose, starch and cell wall, and callose deposition (PubMed:19366709, PubMed:20435647). Involved in the regulation of the programmed cell death (PCD) induced by the fungal toxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) (PubMed:23438466). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase that mediates the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. Acts in collaboration with MRRF. GTP hydrolysis follows the ribosome disassembly and probably occurs on the ribosome large subunit. Not involved in the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in myelin formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Localized mainly in the Schmidt- Lanterman incisures and paranodes of noncompact peripheral nerve myelin.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of an acyl group from acyl-ACP to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) to form lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). This enzyme can also utilize acyl-CoA as fatty acyl donor, but not acyl- PO(4). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PlsY family.


FUNCTION: Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SKP1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Required for disulfide bond formation in some proteins. Acts by transferring its disulfide bond to other proteins and is reduced in the process (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioredoxin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of acetate into acetyl-CoA (AcCoA), an essential intermediate at the junction of anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acs undergoes a two-step reaction. In the first half reaction, Acs combines acetate with ATP to form acetyl-adenylate (AcAMP) intermediate. In the second half reaction, it can then transfer the acetyl group from AcAMP to the sulfhydryl group of CoA, forming the product AcCoA. Required for acetate recapture but not for acetate excretion when this organism is grown on ethanolamine (PubMed:16272400). FUNCTION: Enables the cell to use acetate during aerobic growth to generate energy via the TCA cycle, and biosynthetic compounds via the glyoxylate shunt. Acetylates CheY, the response regulator involved in flagellar movement and chemotaxis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Non-functional sesquiterpene synthase having less than 1% of the activity found in TPS5A. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Exerts its effect at some terminal stage of cytochrome c oxidase synthesis, probably by being involved in the insertion of the copper B into subunit I. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein; Intermembrane side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COX11/CtaG family.


FUNCTION: RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DnaG primase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha- ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PanB family.


FUNCTION: May mediate the reduction of outer membrane cytochrome b5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.


FUNCTION: Together with the alpha chain CGA constitutes follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone, and provides its biological specificity to the hormone heterodimer. Binds FSHR, a G protein-coupled receptor, on target cells to activate downstream signaling pathways. Follitropin is involved in follicle development and spermatogenesis in reproductive organs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Note=Efficient secretion requires dimerization with CGA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family.


FUNCTION: Component of the CST complex proposed to act as a specialized replication factor promoting DNA replication under conditions of replication stress or natural replication barriers such as the telomere duplex. The CST complex binds single-stranded DNA with high affinity in a sequence-independent manner, while isolated subunits bind DNA with low affinity by themselves. Initially the CST complex has been proposed to protect telomeres from DNA degradation. However, the CST complex has been shown to be involved in several aspects of telomere replication. The CST complex inhibits telomerase and is involved in telomere length homeostasis; it is proposed to bind to newly telomerase-synthesized 3' overhangs and to terminate telomerase action implicating the association with the ACD:POT1 complex thus interfering with its telomerase stimulation activity. The CST complex is also proposed to be involved in fill-in synthesis of the telomeric C-strand probably implicating recruitment and activation of DNA polymerase alpha. The CST complex facilitates recovery from many forms of exogenous DNA damage; seems to be involved in the re-initiation of DNA replication at repaired forks and/or dormant origins. Required for efficicient replication of the duplex region of the telomere. Promotes efficient replication of lagging-strand telomeres. Promotes general replication start following replication-fork stalling implicating new origin firing. May be in involved in C-strand fill-in during late S/G2 phase independent of its role in telomere duplex replication (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome, telomere. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the STN1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. TsgA family.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 4]: Mediates the transport of urea driven by a concentration gradient across the cell membrane of the kidney inner medullary collecting duct which is critical to the urinary concentrating mechanism. FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Mediates the transport of urea driven by a concentration gradient across the cell membrane of the kidney inner medullary collecting duct which is critical to the urinary concentrating mechanism. FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Mediates the transport of urea driven by a concentration gradient across the cell membrane of the kidney inner medullary collecting duct which is critical to the urinary concentrating mechanism. FUNCTION: [Isoform 3]: Mediates the transport of urea driven by a concentration gradient across the cell membrane of the kidney inner medullary collecting duct which is critical to the urinary concentrating mechanism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Vasopressin increases expression in the cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the urea transporter family.


FUNCTION: Is associated with a DNA binding complex that binds to the G box, a well-characterized cis-acting DNA regulatory element found in plant genes (PubMed:7972511, PubMed:7870824, PubMed:16407442). Involved in the regulation of nutrient metabolism (PubMed:22104211, PubMed:21094157). Reciprocal negative transcription regulation of miR396 (PubMed:22751317). Negative regulator of constitutive freezing tolerance and cold acclimation by controlling cold-induced gene expression partially through an ethylene (ET)-dependent pathway; prevents ethylene (ET) biosynthesis, probably by binding 1- aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthases (ACS) to reduce their stability, thus contributing to establish adequate ET levels under both standard and low-temperature conditions (PubMed:25122152). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Translocates from the cytosol to the nucleus when phosphorylated. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 14-3-3 family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phage and mitochondrial RNA polymerase family.


FUNCTION: Required for thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at the wobble uridine position of tRNA specific for lysine (tRNA(Lys)). Probably acts by catalyzing adenylation of tRNA, an intermediate required for 2- thiolation. May also act as a sulfurtransferase that transfers sulfur from thiocarboxylated SAMP2 onto the uridine of tRNA at wobble position. Required for cell growth at elevated temperatures. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TtcA family. CTU1/NCS6/ATPBD3 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the teretoxin M (TM) superfamily.


FUNCTION: Exoglycosidase that cleaves the single beta-linked mannose residue from the non-reducing end of all N-linked glycoprotein oligosaccharides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 2 family.


FUNCTION: Processively dephosphorylates 'Ser-2' and/or 'Ser-5' of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB1). This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Required for normal plant growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Binds to sialic acid-containing receptors on the cell surface, bringing about the attachment of the virus particle to the cell. This attachment induces virion internalization of about two third of the virus particles through clathrin-dependent endocytosis and about one third through a clathrin- and caveolin-independent pathway. Plays a major role in the determination of host range restriction and virulence. Class I viral fusion protein. Responsible for penetration of the virus into the cell cytoplasm by mediating the fusion of the membrane of the endocytosed virus particle with the endosomal membrane. Low pH in endosomes induces an irreversible conformational change in HA2, releasing the fusion hydrophobic peptide. Several trimers are required to form a competent fusion pore. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host apical cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Note=Targeted to the apical plasma membrane in epithelial polarized cells through a signal present in the transmembrane domain. Associated with glycosphingolipid- and cholesterol-enriched detergent-resistant lipid rafts. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses hemagglutinin family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional repressor involved in abiotic stress responses. Can repress the stress responsive genes DREB1A and LTI78. Probably involved in jasmonate (JA) early signaling response. May regulate the expression of the JA biosynthesis gene LOX3 and control the expression of TIFY10A/JAZ1, a key repressor in the JA signaling cascade. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Aldehyde decarbonylase involved in the conversion of aldehydes to alkanes. Core component of a very-long-chain alkane synthesis complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sterol desaturase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEFL family. Protease inhibitor I18 (RTI/MTI-2) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent translocation of sphingoid long- chain bases (LCBs) from the cytoplasmic site toward the extracytoplasmic side of the membrane (flip-flop). Involved in the establishment of the functional lipid asymmetry of the plasma membrane. Regulates intracellular levels of LCBs, sphingolipid precursors that are growth inhibitory at increased levels (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lipid-translocating exporter (LTE) (TC 9.A.26.1) family.


FUNCTION: Chaperone specifically assisting the folding of beta- propeller/EGF modules within the family of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs). Acts as a modulator of the Wnt pathway, since some LDLRs are coreceptors for the canonical Wnt pathway (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MESD family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, cyanelle thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaM family.


FUNCTION: Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. FUNCTION: Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions.


FUNCTION: Involved in the cytoplasmic maturation steps of pre-60S ribosomal particles by promoting the release of shuttling protein RSL24D1/RLP24 from the pre-ribosomal particles (By similarity). Plays an essential role in early embryonic development (PubMed:12006978). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAK16 family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of muscle-specific target genes and plays a role in muscle differentiation. Together with MYF5 and MYOG, co-occupies muscle-specific gene promoter core region during myogenesis. Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Interacts with and is inhibited by the twist protein. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Proton-gated sodium channel; it is activated by a drop of the extracellular pH and then becomes rapidly desensitized. Generates a biphasic current with a fast inactivating and a slow sustained phase. Has high selectivity for sodium ions and can also transport lithium ions with high efficiency. Can also transport potassium ions, but with lower efficiency. It is nearly impermeable to the larger rubidium and cesium ions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. ASIC1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acts as a transcriptional activator of the acoABCL operon encoding the acetoin dehydrogenase complex.


FUNCTION: Required for resistance to DNA-damaging agents. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal stress protein A family.


FUNCTION: Converts HMG-CoA to mevalonate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.


FUNCTION: Contributes to tetrahydrofolate metabolism. Helps regulate carbon flow through the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolic network that supplies carbon for the biosynthesis of purines, thymidine and amino acids. Catalyzes the irreversible conversion of 5- formyltetrahydrofolate (5-CHO-H(4)PteGlu) to yield 5,10- methenyltetrahydrofolate. It can also use 5-formyltetrahydropteroic acid (5-CHO-H(4)Pte) and 5-formyltetrahydropteroylhistidine (5-CHO- H(4)PteHis) as substrate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase family.


FUNCTION: Oxidizes proline to glutamate for use as a carbon and nitrogen source and also function as a transcriptional repressor of the put operon.


FUNCTION: RNA binding protein that regulates the expression of target mRNAs at the translation level. Regulates expression of the NOTCH1 antagonist NUMB. Binds RNA containing the sequence 5'-GUUAGUUAGUUAGUU- 3' and other sequences containing the pattern 5'-[GA]U(1-3)AGU-3'. May play a role in the proliferation and maintenance of stem cells in the central nervous system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Musashi family.


FUNCTION: Transposase-derived protein that may have nuclease activity (Potential). Does not have transposase activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Interaction with NAIF1 promotes translocation to the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HARBI1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations, acting as a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. Plays a role in regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta-cells. Appears to modulate glycerol gluconeogenesis in liver. Important regulator of appetite and adiposity; increased expression of the protein in liver after nutrient excess increases circulating satiety hormones and reduces appetite-stimulating neuropeptides and thus seems to provide a feedback mechanism to limit weight gain. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. SDR65C subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for YukE secretion. Probable component or regulator of the ESX/ESAT-6-like secretion system (BsEss). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EssA family.


FUNCTION: Monokine with inflammatory, pyrogenic and chemokinetic properties. Has a potent chemotactic activity for eosinophils. Binding to a high-affinity receptor activates calcium release in neutrophils. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (fatty acid synthesis type II). Fatty acid chain elongation in mitochondria uses acyl carrier protein (ACP) as an acyl group carrier, but the enzyme accepts both ACP and CoA thioesters as substrates in vitro. Required for respiration and the maintenance of the mitochondrial compartment. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains. Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes. In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins- secreting plasma cells. Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268). The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain. Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen. The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 1]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein O/MICOS complex subunit Mic27 family.


FUNCTION: Vasodilator protein that inhibits vasoconstriction of isolated rat femoral artery induced by phenylephrine. Since platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction are key hemostatic responses, particularly in small wounds, this protein likely participates in the antihemostatic responses during blood feeding. Blocks L-type calcium channels (Cav1/CACNA1) in left ventricular myocytes isolated from rat hearts. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Component of the cuticle of the larva of flesh fly.