FUNCTION: Multifunctional protein which functions as a renin, prorenin cellular receptor and is involved in the assembly of the lysosomal proton-transporting V-type ATPase (V-ATPase) and the acidification of the endo-lysosomal system. May mediate renin-dependent cellular responses by activating ERK1 and ERK2. By increasing the catalytic efficiency of renin in AGT/angiotensinogen conversion to angiotensin I, may also play a role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (By similarity). Through its function in V-type ATPase (v-ATPase) assembly and acidification of the lysosome it regulates protein degradation and may control different signaling pathways important for proper brain development, synapse morphology and synaptic transmission (By similarity). FUNCTION: Multifunctional protein which functions as a renin, prorenin cellular receptor and is involved in the assembly of the lysosomal proton-transporting V-type ATPase (V-ATPase) and the acidification of the endo-lysosomal system (PubMed:12045255, PubMed:29127204, PubMed:30374053, PubMed:32276428). May mediate renin-dependent cellular responses by activating ERK1 and ERK2 (PubMed:12045255). By increasing the catalytic efficiency of renin in AGT/angiotensinogen conversion to angiotensin I, may also play a role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (PubMed:12045255). Through its function in V-type ATPase (v- ATPase) assembly and acidification of the lysosome it regulates protein degradation and may control different signaling pathways important for proper brain development, synapse morphology and synaptic transmission (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Single- pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, dendritic spine membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, axon Endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, dendritic spine membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cell projection, axon Endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Involved in vesicular protein trafficking. Mainly functions in the early secretory pathway. Thought to act as cargo receptor at the lumenal side for incorporation of secretory cargo molecules into transport vesicles and to be involved in vesicle coat formation at the cytoplasmic side (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Golgi apparatus, cis-Golgi network membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Golgi apparatus, Golgi stack membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Cycles between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi via COPI and COPII dependent pathways. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding protein involved in the formation of polar- growing hyphae which is essential for infection by the plant pathogen (PubMed:15643068). Component of endosomal mRNA transport that regulates polarity of the infectious hyphae by transporting a broad spectrum of cargo mRNAs from the nucleus to cell poles (PubMed:19494833, PubMed:25985087, PubMed:31338952). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Endosome Cytoplasm Note=Shuttles with endosomes along microtubules. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.


FUNCTION: Could be responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-55 in the psi GC loop of transfer RNAs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probably part of the ABC transporter complex YdcSTUV. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. CysTW subfamily.


FUNCTION: Deposition-and-exchange histone chaperone specific for H2AZ1, specifically chaperones H2AZ1 and deposits it into nucleosomes. As component of the SRCAP complex, mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2AZ1/H2B dimers for nucleosomal H2A/H2B, leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the VPS72/YL1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in plastid gene expression (PubMed:16326926). Required in the nucleus for the initiation of photomorphogenesis mediated by phytochromes (PHYs) (e.g. PHYA and PHYB) by mediating PHYs localization to photobodies, especially in response to red and far-red light, and implicating phytochrome nuclear bodies as sites of proteolysis for PHYs and PIFs proteins (e.g. PIF1 and PIF3). Acts downstream of PHYs and upstream of DET1 (PubMed:20603003, PubMed:22895253). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast Nucleus Note=Localizes to subnuclear domains in the nucleolus and in the nucleoplasm, and in chloroplasts.


FUNCTION: [Disintegrin insularin]: Inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation (IC(50)=0.8 uM for native protein) (PubMed:21073888). Interestingly, inhibits the adhesion of HUVECs to immobilized fibrinogen at very low concentrations (IC(50)=36 nM) (PubMed:21073888). FUNCTION: [Snake venom metalloproteinase insularinase-A]: Non- hemorrhagic proteinase that activates prothrombin (F2) calcium- independently. Activates factor X (F10) and hydrolyzes the Aalpha-chain and more slowly the Bbeta-chain of fibrin and fibrinogen without affecting the gamma chain. It induces neither detachment nor apoptosis of human endothelial cells and is also not able to trigger an endothelial pro-inflammatory cell response. Nitric oxide and prostacyclin levels released by endothelial cells are significantly increased after treatment with insularinase A. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the venom metalloproteinase (M12B) family. P-II subfamily. P-IIa sub-subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RHS family.


FUNCTION: Alters a variety of ion channel activities, including voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv) (PubMed:8071987), voltage-gated calcium channels (L-, N-, and P-type) (Cav) (PubMed:8817251) and ryanodine receptors (RyR) (PubMed:7647234). Is toxic to mice (causes lethargy, partial paralysis of rear limbs and lowering of body temperature). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CRISP family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 19 (CSTX) family. 06 (U6-Lctx) subfamily.


FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II FruAB PTS system is involved in fructose transport. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Necessary for early peroxisomal biogenesis. Acts both as a cytosolic chaperone and as an import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). Binds and stabilizes newly synthesized PMPs in the cytoplasm by interacting with their hydrophobic membrane-spanning domains, and targets them to the peroxisome membrane by binding to the integral membrane protein PEX3. Excludes CDKN2A from the nucleus and prevents its interaction with MDM2, which results in active degradation of TP53. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Peroxisome membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Note=Mainly cytoplasmic. Some fraction membrane-associated to the outer surface of peroxisomes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxin-19 family.


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial peptide. Is able to kill Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense in a dose-dependent manner (By similarity). Has antifungal activity against Candida spp. and one Cryptococcus neoformans strains with MICs values ranging from 12.5 to 200 uM (PubMed:27917162). Also shows an inhibitory activity on C.albicans biofilms at high concentrations (PubMed:27917162). Shows low cytotoxic activity and has weak hemolytic activity on human erythrocytes (PubMed:27917162). Shows anti-inflammatory activities, since it decreases release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increases release of anti-inflammatory cytokines (By similarity). Acts by blocking the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (By similarity). In addition, decreases the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD80 and CD86 in LPS-stimulated cells (By similarity). In vivo, does not induce immune cell migration (By similarity). Helical wheel projections predict an amphipathic peptide with distinct hydrophobic and hydrophilic faces (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Short antimicrobial peptide (group 4) family.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the cytosolic Fe-S scaffold complex. Electrons are transferred from NADPH via a FAD- and FMN-containing diflavin oxidoreductase (PubMed:25040552). Together with the diflavin oxidoreductase, also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit (By similarity). FUNCTION: Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the cytosolic Fe-S scaffold complex. Electrons are transferred from NADPH via a FAD- and FMN-containing diflavin oxidoreductase. Together with the diflavin oxidoreductase, also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Mitochondrion intermembrane space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anamorsin family.


FUNCTION: Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component (Probable).


FUNCTION: Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIN3B (By similarity). Independently of its E3 ligase activity, acts as a CTNNB1 stabilizer through USP7- mediated deubiquitination of CTNNB1 promoting Wnt signaling (PubMed:25266658, PubMed:33964137). Plays a critical role in the regulation of nuclear lamina (PubMed:33964137). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Alpha-conotoxins act on postsynaptic membranes, they bind to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and thus inhibit them. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin A superfamily.


FUNCTION: Specifically hydrolyzes the second messenger cGMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes (Probable). Probably by regulating cGMP levels, required for sporozoite motility and invasion of the mosquito salivary glands (PubMed:25784701). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Intracellular localization in blood stage forms and in sporozoites (PubMed:25784701). Partially, localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum in blood stage forms (PubMed:25784701). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.


FUNCTION: Mediates the vitamin K-dependent carboxylation of glutamate residues to calcium-binding gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) residues with the concomitant conversion of the reduced hydroquinone form of vitamin K to vitamin K epoxide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the irreversible hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (PPi) to phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPase family.


FUNCTION: Probable substrate-specific adapter of CUL3-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of host target proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: May act as a GTPase-activating protein for Rab family protein(s). Involved in neuronal projections development, probably through a negative modulation of ARF6 function. Involved in the regulation of synaptic vesicle trafficking. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane Presynapse Note=Mainly cytoplasmatic with partial expression at the plasma membrane (By similarity). Associates with certain types of membrane phosphoinositides, preferentially those phosphorylated at the D5 position of the inositol ring such as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) (By similarity).


FUNCTION: Functions as a negative regulator of myocyte differentiation. May interact with both sarcoplasmic structural proteins and nuclear proteins to regulate gene expression during muscle development and in response to muscle stress. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, I band Cytoplasm, cytosol. Nucleus. Nucleus, PML body. Note=In the sarcoplasm of differentiated striated muscle cells, where it is cytosolic and enriched in the I band. In nucleus and PML bodies of proliferating and undifferentiated myoblasts. Associates with the euchromatin in the nucleus of myocytes upon muscle stress.


FUNCTION: May be involved in cooperative interactions with calmodulins or calmodulin-like proteins (By similarity). Recruits calmodulin proteins to microtubules, thus being a potential scaffold in cellular signaling and trafficking (By similarity). May associate with nucleic acids and regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post- transcriptional level (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IQD family.


FUNCTION: Involved in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. Catalyzes the acylation of the sn-3 hydroxy group of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol using acyl-CoA (PubMed:23770095, PubMed:24663078). Can use oleoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA and linolenoyl-CoA as substrates. Has substrate preference for linolenoyl-CoA or oleoyl-CoA compared to linoleoyl-CoA (PubMed:23770095). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Lipid droplet. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the diacylglycerol acyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the initiator RepB protein family.


FUNCTION: Together with AlgI and AlgJ, forms an inner membrane complex which probably interacts with the alginate polymerization-transport complex and adds acetyl groups at the O-2 and O-3 positions of mannuronate residues. Acetylation of alginate is important for the architecture of biofilms and increases the ability of alginate to act as a defense barrier (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AlgF family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. Mixed-substrate PFK group III subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of mevalonate. The specific precursor of all isoprenoid compounds present in plants. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.


FUNCTION: This peptide both inhibits the activity of the angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) and enhances the action of bradykinin by inhibiting the peptidases that inactivate it. It acts as an indirect hypotensive agent (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bradykinin-potentiating peptide family.


FUNCTION: Toxin, which has some hemolytic activity towards mammalian cells. Acts by forming a pore-like structure upon contact with mammalian cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Periplasm Host cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Exported from the cell by outer membrane vesicles. Also found in the periplasmic space (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the hemolysin E family.


FUNCTION: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides (By similarity). May be involved in chloroplast redox homeostasis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Necessary for protein translocation in the endoplasmic reticulum. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecE/SEC61-gamma family.


FUNCTION: Phosphatase with phosphoinositide 3'-phosphatase activity that can use phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) and phosphatidylinositol-3,5-diphosphate (PtdIns3,5P(2)) as substrates and produces phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate (PtdIns5P); participates in pathway(s) that transfer gene regulatory signals to the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Highly concentrated at the peripheral lobes of the epidermal cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non- receptor class myotubularin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the sequence-specific heterotrimeric transcription factor (NF-Y) which specifically recognizes a 5'-CCAAT-3' box motif found in the promoters of its target genes. NF-Y can function as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NFYC/HAP5 subunit family.


FUNCTION: Lysosomal serine protease with tripeptidyl-peptidase I activity. May act as a non-specific lysosomal peptidase which generates tripeptides from the breakdown products produced by lysosomal proteinases. Requires substrates with an unsubstituted N-terminus (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome Melanosome.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the cyclization of 5-formylamidoimidazole-4- carboxamide ribonucleotide to IMP. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal IMP cyclohydrolase family.


FUNCTION: Sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that regulates mRNA cytoplasmic polyadenylation and translation initiation during oocyte maturation, early development and at postsynapse sites of neurons. Binds to the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), an uridine-rich sequence element (consensus sequence 5'-UUUUUAU-3') within the 3'-UTR of mRNAs. In absence of phosphorylation and in association with TACC3 is also involved as a repressor of translation of CPE-containing mRNA; a repression that is relieved by phosphorylation or degradation (By similarity). Involved in the transport of CPE-containing mRNA to dendrites; those mRNAs may be transported to dendrites in a translationally dormant form and translationally activated at synapses. Its interaction with APLP1 promotes local CPE-containing mRNA polyadenylation and translation activation. Induces the assembly of stress granules in the absence of stress (By similarity). Required for cell cycle progression, specifically for prophase entry (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Synapse Cytoplasm, P-body Cytoplasmic granule Membrane Postsynaptic density Note=Localizes in synaptosomes at dendritic synapses of neurons. Strongly enriched in postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions. Transported into dendrites in a microtubule-dependent fashion and colocalizes in mRNA-containing particles with TACC3, dynein and kinesin. Membrane- associated. Colocalizes at excitatory synapses with members of the polyadenylation and translation complex factors (CPSF, APLP1, TACC3, AURKA, SYP, etc.) including CPE-containing RNAs. In P-bodies and stress granules (By similarity). Recruited to stress granules (SGs) upon arsenite treatment (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRM CPEB family.


FUNCTION: Functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance, exerting an attractive or repulsive role depending on its interaction partners (By similarity). Modulates cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion and cell sorting (PubMed:20027292, PubMed:19492039). Plays a role in the spatial organization of brain neurons. Plays a role in vascular development. Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with latrophilins that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells. Mediates axon attraction towards cells expressing ntn1. Mediates axon growth cone collapse and plays a repulsive role in neuron guidance via its interaction with unc-5 family members. Plays a role in the regulation of the density of glutamaergic synapses (By similarity). Plays a role in signaling cascades downstream of fgfr1, and possibly also other fgfr family members (PubMed:14688794). Plays a role in embryonic morphogenesis, but not in embryonic patterning (PubMed:19492039). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum membrane Cell junction, focal adhesion Secreted Cell projection, axon Cell projection, growth cone membrane Note=Detected on dendritic punctae that colocalize in part with glutamaergic synapses, but not with GABAergic synapses. Proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane region gives rise to a shedded ectodomain.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 57 family.


FUNCTION: May process damage occurring in non-replicating regions of DNA to produce recombinational intermediates for sister strand recombinational exchange. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the helicase family. UvrD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in mediating store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Acts as Ca(2+) sensor which upon Ca(2+) depletion, activates the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit, orai-1. Essential for Ca (2+) and IP3-dependent contractile activity of gonad sheath cells and spermatheca. Essential for fertility. Does not play a role in posterior body wall muscle contraction (pBoc) rhythmicity, intestinal cell oscillatory Ca(2+) signaling or intestinal ER Ca(2+) hemostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=Localizes to intracellular puncta in the anterior intestine and reticular structure in the posterior intestine.


FUNCTION: Potent platelet activator that acts via GPIb (GP1BA/GP1BB) (PubMed:15175804). After activation by the toxin, the receptor is redistributed on platelet surface thanks to cytoskeletal translocation. The indirect activation of integrin alpha-IIb/beta-3 (ITGA2B/ITGB3) also induced by the toxin is downstream the cytoskeletal translocation of GPIb (PubMed:16102113). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snaclec family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Aldo/keto reductase 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Specifically methylates the cytosine at position 967 (m5C967) of 16S rRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.


FUNCTION: Voltage-gated chloride channel. Chloride channels have several functions including the regulation of cell volume; membrane potential stabilization, signal transduction and transepithelial transport. May be important in urinary concentrating mechanisms. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. CLCNKA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in target of rapamycin (TOR)-regulated translation control, especially under energy-deficient conditions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PDCD4 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the autoinducer-2 exporter (AI-2E) (TC 2.A.86) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Acts as an essential factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. Acts by specifically elongating 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme ube2c/ubch10 on APC/C substrates, enhancing the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Metalloprotease which cleaves the carboxyl terminus of procollagens, such as sqt-3, to mature collagens (By similarity). Involved in cuticular collagen maturation (PubMed:15579684). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: May be involved in phagocytosis during disk shedding, cell adhesion to cells other than the pigment epithelium or signal transduction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell surface Note=Possibly surface of photoreceptor cell.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of caffeine. Catalyzes the conversion of 7-methylxanthine to caffeine, likely via theobromine as an intermediate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Type-7 methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The archaeal beta chain is a regulatory subunit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.


FUNCTION: Secreted aspartic protease; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the mycotoxin lucilactaene and the lucilactaene-related compound NG-391 that act as cell cycle inhibitors with potent growth inhibitory activity against malarial parasites, moderate growth inhibitory activity against cancer cells, and no activity against bacteria and fungi (PubMed:32043422, PubMed:35484225). Within the cluster, LUC7 and LUC8 encode proteins which are not commonly involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and are not essential for lucilactaene biosynthesis (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


FUNCTION: Important as a means of generating NADPH for biosynthetic reactions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Receptor for the glycosphingolipid psychosine (PSY) and several related glycosphingolipids (PubMed:11309421). Plays a role in immune response by maintaining lysosome function and supporting phagocytosis-mediated intracellular bacteria clearance (PubMed:27287411). May have a role in activation-induced cell death or differentiation of T-cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Binds to the plus end of microtubules and regulates microtubule dynamics and microtubule organization. Promotes cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and elongation. Required for normal structure of the microtubule cytoskeleton during interphase (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Note=Colocalizes with microtubules. Detected at the plus end of growing microtubules (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SLAIN motif-containing family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in mitochondrial aerobic respiration. Can also promote mitochondrial fission (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MTFR1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the import of serine and threonine into the cell, with the concomitant import of sodium (symport system). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.


FUNCTION: Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that shows myotoxicity and induces paw edema in mice (PubMed:17451767). Exhibits indirect hemolytic activity (PubMed:17451767). Inhibits platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen (PubMed:17451767). PLA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn- phosphoglycerides (PubMed:17451767). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group II subfamily. D49 sub-subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Binds and deliver cytosolic copper to the copper ATPase proteins. May be important in cellular antioxidant defense (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATX1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a single N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-GlcNAc to a serine or threonine residue in extracellular proteins resulting in their modification with a beta-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Specifically glycosylates the Thr residue located between the fifth and sixth conserved cysteines of folded EGF-like domains. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 61 family.


FUNCTION: Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ASF1 family.


FUNCTION: Neurotensin may play an endocrine or paracrine role in the regulation of fat metabolism. It causes contraction of smooth muscle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle. Note=Packaged within secretory vesicles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotensin family.


FUNCTION: Involved in protein export. The function of the beta subunit is unknown, but it may be involved in stabilization of the trimeric complex (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SEC61-beta family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible cleavage of D-threonine or D- allothreonine into glycine and acetaldehyde. Can also cleave D-beta- phenylserine, D-beta-hydroxy-alpha-aminovaleric acid, D-beta-3,4- dihydroxyphenylserine and D-beta-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine into glycine and the corresponding aldehyde compounds. Inactive towards D- serine, beta-hydroxyaspartate and O-phospho-DL-threonine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DSD1 family.


FUNCTION: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of p53/TP53, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Inhibits p53/TP53- and p73/TP73-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain. Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself and ARRB1. Permits the nuclear export of p53/TP53. Promotes proteasome-dependent ubiquitin-independent degradation of retinoblastoma RB1 protein. Inhibits DAXX-mediated apoptosis by inducing its ubiquitination and degradation. Component of the TRIM28/KAP1-MDM2-p53/TP53 complex involved in stabilizing p53/TP53. Also a component of the TRIM28/KAP1-ERBB4-MDM2 complex which links growth factor and DNA damage response pathways. Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation of DYRK2 in nucleus. Ubiquitinates IGF1R and SNAI1 and promotes them to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:12821780, PubMed:15053880, PubMed:15195100, PubMed:15632057, PubMed:16337594, PubMed:17290220, PubMed:19098711, PubMed:19219073, PubMed:19837670, PubMed:19965871, PubMed:20173098, PubMed:20385133, PubMed:20858735, PubMed:22128911). Ubiquitinates DCX, leading to DCX degradation and reduction of the dendritic spine density of olfactory bulb granule cells (By similarity). Ubiquitinates DLG4, leading to proteasomal degradation of DLG4 which is required for AMPA receptor endocytosis (By similarity). Negatively regulates NDUFS1, leading to decreased mitochondrial respiration, marked oxidative stress, and commitment to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis (PubMed:30879903). Binds NDUFS1 leading to its cytosolic retention rather than mitochondrial localization resulting in decreased supercomplex assembly (interactions between complex I and complex III), decreased complex I activity, ROS production, and apoptosis (PubMed:30879903). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Cytoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus Note=Expressed predominantly in the nucleoplasm. Interaction with ARF(P14) results in the localization of both proteins to the nucleolus. The nucleolar localization signals in both ARF(P14) and MDM2 may be necessary to allow efficient nucleolar localization of both proteins. Colocalizes with RASSF1 isoform A in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MDM2/MDM4 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate into glycolate and glycerate, respectively. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. GhrB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Endoribonuclease that cleaves single-stranded RNAs at 5' of uridylates and releases a product with a 2',3'-cyclic phosphate at the 3'-end. The UU and GU sites are more efficiently cleaved than CU and AU sites. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ENDOU family.


FUNCTION: Mixed specificity lectin with anti-HIV activity. Binds to HIV envelope glycoproteins, including exterior membrane glycoprotein gp120, and inhibits viral entry into cells. Binding to gp120 is dependent on gp120 being glycosylated, and is inhibited by mannose, glucose and N- acetylglucosamine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the jacalin lectin family.


FUNCTION: The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The enzyme II complex composed of PtsG and Crr is involved in glucose transport. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinases that mediates activation of target kinases. Plays a role in transcriptional regulation via its role in regulating the phosphorylation of the C- terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (POLR2A). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclin family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the 18S rRNA synthesis. Required for the early cleavages at sites A0, A1 and A2 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ESF1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0153 family.


FUNCTION: A probable DEAD-box RNA helicase that plays a role in ribosomal 50S subunit assembly. May be a non-specific RNA helicase. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.


FUNCTION: Participates in a DNA-damage check-point that is active prior to asymmetric division when DNA is damaged. DisA forms globular foci that rapidly scan along the chromosomes during sporulation, searching for lesions. When a lesion is present, DisA pauses at the lesion site. This triggers a cellular response that culminates in a temporary block in sporulation initiation. FUNCTION: Has also diadenylate cyclase activity, catalyzing the condensation of 2 ATP molecules into cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP). c-di-AMP acts as a signaling molecule that couples DNA integrity with progression of sporulation. The rise in c-di-AMP level generated by DisA while scanning the chromosome, operates as a positive signal that advances sporulation; upon encountering a lesion, the DisA focus arrests at the damaged site and halts c-di-AMP synthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DisA family.


FUNCTION: Sugar isomerase that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of D-lyxose to D-xylulose. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the D-lyxose ketol-isomerase family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in sucrose-independent adherence to the pellicle-coated tooth surface. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall; Peptidoglycan-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 66 family.


FUNCTION: Required during ciliogenesis for tubulin glutamylation in cilium. Probably acts by participating in the transport of tubulin polyglutamylases between the basal body and the cilium (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Cell projection, cilium Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body Note=Localizes mainly to the cilium basal body and in primary cilia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CEP41 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the propane 2-monooxygenase multicomponent enzyme system which is involved in the degradation of propane via the O2-dependent hydroxylation of propane (PubMed:14645271). Under acetone induction, also able to catalyze the oxidation of phenol to yield hydroquinone (PubMed:21183637). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TmoA/XamoA family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SRP1/TIP1 family. Seripauperin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in viral DNA replication. Binds the origin of replication and cleaves the dsDNA replicative form I (RFI) and becomes covalently bound to it via phosphotyrosine bond, generating the dsDNA replicative form II (RFII). In turn, viral DNA replication initiates at the 3'-OH of the cleavage site. After one round of rolling circle synthesis, protein VP4 is linked to the newly synthesized ssDNA and joins the ends of the displaced strand to generate a circular single-stranded molecule ready to be packed into a virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the microviridae Rep protein family.


FUNCTION: Protects linear double-stranded DNA of Mu genome from exonuclease degradation. SIMILARITY: To phage Mu protein gam.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytosolic Fe/S protein assembly machinery. Required for maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins. May play a role in the transfer of pre-assembled Fe/S clusters to target apoproteins (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NARF family.


FUNCTION: A P subtype restriction enzyme that recognizes the double- stranded sequence 5'-ACCGGT-3' and cleaves after A-1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BsaWI type II restriction endonuclease family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the archaeal Rpo6/eukaryotic RPB6 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system NtrB/NtrC, which controls expression of the nitrogen-regulated (ntr) genes in response to nitrogen limitation. Under conditions of nitrogen limitation, NtrB autophosphorylates and transfers the phosphoryl group to NtrC. In the presence of nitrogen, acts as a phosphatase that dephosphorylates and inactivates NtrC. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient required for the synthesis of ATP. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 1 family.


FUNCTION: Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium axoneme Note=Located in the proximal region of respiratory cilia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family.


FUNCTION: Binds medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA esters with very high affinity and may function as an intracellular carrier of acyl-CoA esters. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ACBP family.


FUNCTION: Cleaved by the protease thrombin to yield monomers which, together with fibrinogen beta (FGB) and fibrinogen gamma (FGG), polymerize to form an insoluble fibrin matrix. Fibrin has a major function in hemostasis as one of the primary components of blood clots. In addition, functions during the early stages of wound repair to stabilize the lesion and guide cell migration during re- epithelialization. Was originally thought to be essential for platelet aggregation, based on in vitro studies using anticoagulated blood. However, subsequent studies have shown that it is not absolutely required for thrombus formation in vivo. Enhances expression of SELP in activated platelets via an ITGB3-dependent pathway. Maternal fibrinogen is essential for successful pregnancy. Fibrin deposition is also associated with infection, where it protects against IFNG-mediated hemorrhage. May also facilitate the immune response via both innate and T-cell mediated pathways. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Involved in cell wall biosynthesis. May be responsible for the transfer of arabinogalactan onto peptidoglycan. In vitro, has pyrophosphatase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Localizes at regions of strong cell wall biosynthesis, such as the poles and the division plane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LytR/CpsA/Psr (LCP) family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex MolBCA involved in molybdate import (PubMed:22078568, PubMed:24722984). Functions as a low-affinity molybdate transporter (PubMed:24722984). Binds to both molybdate and tungstate, but not to sulfate or phosphate (PubMed:22078568). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 8 family.


FUNCTION: A probable RNA chaperone. Forms a complex with KhpB which binds to cellular RNA and controls its expression. Plays a role in peptidoglycan (PG) homeostasis and cell length regulation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KhpA RNA-binding protein family.


FUNCTION: Polyol dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)- dependent oxidation of various sugar alcohols (By similarity). Is active with D-sorbitol (D-glucitol) leading to the C2-oxidized product D-fructose (PubMed:6852349). Is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway that interconverts glucose and fructose via sorbitol, which constitutes an important alternate route for glucose metabolism (By similarity). May play a role in sperm motility by using sorbitol as an alternative energy source for sperm motility and protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PubMed:18799757). Has no activity on ethanol. Cannot use NADP(+) as the electron acceptor (PubMed:6852349). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Cell projection, cilium, flagellum Note=Associated with mitochondria of the midpiece and near the plasma membrane in the principal piece of the flagellum. Also found in the epididymosome, secreted by the epididymal epithelium and that transfers proteins from the epididymal fluid to the sperm surface. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calponin family.


FUNCTION: Involved in chitin degradation. Catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds in both alpha- and beta-chitin via a copper-dependent mechanism, leading to oxidized chitooligosaccharides with a dominance of even-numbered products. Acts synergistically with the chitinase EfChi18A, and combining the two enzymes leads to rapid and complete depolymerization of crystalline chitin, especially with beta-chitin as a substrate. Is likely involved in a chitin degradation pathway that allows E.faecalis V583 to grow on chitin as a carbon source. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Acyl-CoA binding protein which acts as the peroxisome receptor for pexophagy but is dispensable for aggrephagy and nonselective autophagy. Binds medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA esters. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATG37 family.


FUNCTION: Putative amidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of KK-1, a novel cyclic decapeptide compound with potent antifungal activity (PubMed:29686660). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) catalyzes the elongation and cyclization of the decapeptide chain composed of 1 pipecolic acid residue (Pip), 1 alanine residue (Ala), 1 aspartic acid residue (Asp), 1 isoleucine residue (Ile), 1 glycine residue (Gly), 1 tyrosine residue (Tyr) and 4 valine residues (Val) (PubMed:29686660). The Asp, Ile and 3 Val residues are N-methylated by the 5 methyltransferase domains from the NRPS (found in modules 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9), whereas the Tyr residue is O-methylated, probably by the cluster encoded O-methyltransferase OMT (PubMed:29686660). The other tailoring enzymes from the cluster may be involved in further modifications leading to the synthesis of KK-1 (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the amidase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Binds to mRNA in a sequence-independent manner. May play a role in regulation of pre-mRNA splicing or in the assembly of rRNA into ribosomal subunits. May be involved in mRNA transport. May be involved in epigenetic regulation of muscle differentiation through regulation of activity of the histone-lysine N-methyltransferase KMT5B (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, Cajal body Nucleus, nucleolus Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FRG1 family.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2. As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine (By similarity). Participates in Wnt signaling (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of arabinan and is a key enzyme in the complete degradation of the plant cell wall. Catalyzes the internal cleavage of alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinofuranosyl residues of linear 1,5-alpha-L-arabinan and of branched sugar beet arabinan. It displays no activity against heavily substituted arabinans or a range of other polysaccharides (larch wood arabinogalactan, wheat arabinoxylan and p- nitrophenyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside). The enzyme activity is progressively reduced as alpha-(1->5)-chains become shorter or more highly substituted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family.


FUNCTION: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins during protein synthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transglutaminase-like superfamily. PNGase family.


FUNCTION: Probably interacts with GlcNAc residues. May promote attachment to both epithelial cell surfaces and chitin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GbpA family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL30 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anthranilate synthase component I family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in conversion of asexual males and females to the sexual pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent ATPase and 3'-5' DNA helicase that may be involved in repair of stalled replication forks. A low processivity 3'- 5' helicase. Unwinds short dsDNA substrates with 3'-overhangs (25 bp dsDNA with 25 base overhang), less active on longer dsDNA substrates. Also unwinds the lagging strand of a stalled replication fork (but the leading strand was not tested). Binds ssDNA, but dsDNA about 35-fold less well. Able to displace streptavidin from biotinylated ssDNA, which is partially inhibited by DNA-binding proteins, suggesting it may play a role in stripping proteins from stalled replication forks. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the helicase family. Hel308 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for full expression of proteins subject to ammonium repression. Transcriptional activator of genes subject to nitrogen control.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion tegument. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae US22 family.


FUNCTION: The SMN complex catalyzes the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome, and thereby plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre- mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP (Sm core). In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chaperone CLNS1A that controls the assembly of the core snRNP. To assemble core snRNPs, the SMN complex accepts the trapped 5Sm proteins from CLNS1A forming an intermediate. Binding of snRNA inside 5Sm triggers eviction of the SMN complex, thereby allowing binding of SNRPD3 and SNRPB to complete assembly of the core snRNP. STRAP plays a role in the cellular distribution of the SMN complex (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Note=Localized predominantly in the cytoplasm but also found in the nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat STRAP family.


FUNCTION: Glucosylceramidase that catalyzes, within the lysosomal compartment, the hydrolysis of glucosylceramides/GlcCers (such as beta- D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine) into free ceramides (such as N-acylsphing-4-enine) and glucose (PubMed:24211208). Plays a central role in the degradation of complex lipids and the turnover of cellular membranes (PubMed:27378698). Through the production of ceramides, participates in the PKC-activated salvage pathway of ceramide formation (By similarity). Catalyzes the glucosylation of cholesterol, through a transglucosylation reaction where glucose is transferred from GlcCer to cholesterol (PubMed:24211208). GlcCer containing mono-unsaturated fatty acids (such as beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine) are preferred as glucose donors for cholesterol glucosylation when compared with GlcCer containing same chain length of saturated fatty acids (such as beta-D-glucosyl-N-octadecanoyl-sphing-4-enine) (By similarity). Under specific conditions, may alternatively catalyze the reverse reaction, transferring glucose from cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside to ceramide (By similarity). Can also hydrolyze cholesteryl 3-beta-D- glucoside producing glucose and cholesterol (By similarity). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of galactosylceramides/GalCers (such as beta-D- galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine), as well as the transfer of galactose between GalCers and cholesterol in vitro, but with lower activity than with GlcCers (By similarity). Contrary to GlcCer and GalCer, xylosylceramide/XylCer (such as beta-D-xyosyl-(1<->1')-N- acylsphing-4-enine) is not a good substrate for hydrolysis, however it is a good xylose donor for transxylosylation activity to form cholesteryl 3-beta-D-xyloside (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Lumenal side Note=Interaction with saposin-C promotes membrane [?]association. Targeting to lysosomes occurs through an alternative MPR-independent mechanism via SCARB2. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 30 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the recruitment and site-specific anchoring of the Brahma complex at specific promoter sites (PubMed:16083904, PubMed:24618901). The Brahma complex is a multiprotein complex which is the equivalent of the yeast SWI/SNF complex and acts by remodeling the chromatin by catalyzing an ATP-dependent alteration in the structure of nucleosomal DNA (PubMed:16083904, PubMed:24618901). This complex can both serve as a transcriptional coactivator or corepressor, depending on the context (PubMed:16083904). Participates in X-chromosomal dosage compensation (PubMed:16083904). Participates in neurogenesis (PubMed:16083904, PubMed:24618901).


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. This is a prerequisite for the S-specific NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase to allow the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NnrE/AIBP family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a protein-folding catalyst that interacts with nascent polypeptides to catalyze the formation, isomerization, and reduction or oxidation of disulfide bonds. May play a role in storage protein biogenesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in ds DNA break repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the Integrator (INT) complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes (Probable). Plays a role in DNA damage response (DDR) signaling during the S phase (PubMed:21659603). May be not involved in the recruitment of cytoplasmic dynein to the nuclear envelope by different components of the INT complex (PubMed:23904267). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Cytoplasm Note=Localizes to sites of DNA damage in a H2AX-independent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 7 family.


FUNCTION: Immunity protein component of a toxin-immunity protein module, which functions as a cellular contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) system. CDI modules allow bacteria to communicate with and inhibit the growth of closely related neighboring bacteria in a contact-dependent fashion. Protects cells against the tRNA endonuclease activity of cognate toxin CdiA-43969 but not other non-cognate toxins, inhibits the tRNase activity of the isolated CT fragment of CdiA-43969.


FUNCTION: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible hydration of fumarate to (S)-malate. Functions as an aerobic enzyme in the direction of malate formation as part of the citric acid cycle. Accounts for about 80% of the fumarase activity when the bacteria grow aerobically. To a lesser extent, also displays D-tartrate dehydratase activity in vitro, but is not able to convert (R)-malate, L-tartrate or meso-tartrate. Can also catalyze the isomerization of enol- to keto-oxaloacetate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I fumarase family.


FUNCTION: The plasma membrane ATPase of plants and fungi is a hydrogen ion pump. The proton gradient it generates drives the active transport of nutrients by H(+)-symport. The resulting external acidification and/or internal alkinization may mediate growth responses (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIIA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (PubMed:10915784). During the trophozoite stage, involved in the acidification of the extracellular space next to the cell membrane (PubMed:10915784). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Vacuole Vesicle. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phospho group of ATP to thymidine to generate dTMP in the salvage pathway of pyrimidine synthesis. The dTMP serves as a substrate for DNA polymerase during viral DNA replication. Allows the virus to be reactivated and to grow in non-proliferative cells lacking a high concentration of phosphorylated nucleic acid precursors. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae thymidine kinase family.


FUNCTION: May function as a substrate receptor for CUL4-DDB1 ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR5/wds family.


FUNCTION: Induces bone formation in conjunction with TGF-beta-1 or TGF- beta-2. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class III subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in several developmental processes including organization of plant organs, flowering time, anther development, flower senescence and fertility, probably by regulating the chromatin structure. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Localized in the nucleus during the interphase, but is released into the cytoplasm during the mitotic phase (PubMed:12609034). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the actin family. ARP4 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Ribonuclease which shows a preference for the pyrimidines uridine and cytosine. Has potent antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including P.aeruginosa, A.baumanii, M.luteus, S.aureus, E.faecalis, E.faecium, S.saprophyticus and E.coli. Causes loss of bacterial membrane integrity, and also promotes agglutination of Gram-negative bacteria. Probably contributes to urinary tract sterility. Bactericidal activity is independent of RNase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Lysosome Cytoplasmic granule. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.


FUNCTION: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in primary bile acid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the 12alpha-hydroxylation of 7alpha-hydroxy-4- cholesten-3-one, an intermediate metabolite in cholic acid biosynthesis (PubMed:10051404). Controls biliary balance of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, ultimately regulating the intestinal absorption of dietary lipids (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Microsome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Meiosis-specific telomere-associated protein involved in meiotic telomere attachment to the nucleus inner membrane, a crucial step for homologous pairing and synapsis. Component of the MAJIN-TERB1- TERB2 complex, which promotes telomere cap exchange by mediating attachment of telomeric DNA to the inner nuclear membrane and replacement of the protective cap of telomeric chromosomes: in early meiosis, the MAJIN-TERB1-TERB2 complex associates with telomeric DNA and the shelterin/telosome complex. During prophase, the complex matures and promotes release of the shelterin/telosome complex from telomeric DNA. In the complex, MAJIN acts as the anchoring subunit to the nucleus inner membrane. MAJIN shows DNA-binding activity, possibly for the stabilization of telomere attachment on the nucleus inner membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Chromosome, telomere Note=In leptotene spermatocytes, localizes to telomeres that localize to the nucleus inner membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAJIN family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional coactivator necessary for expression of the clock genes PRR5 and TOC1 (PubMed:25012192, PubMed:25848708). Antagonizes REV8 function in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation (PubMed:25848001). Involved in red light input to the clock (PubMed:25012192). Activates clock-controlled genes with afternoon peak (PubMed:23818596). Mediates light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation (PubMed:23818596). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator that functions in sexual development; disruption of asd-4 gene results in agenesis of ascus and ascospore with macroscopically normal fruiting body formation. The GATA-type zinc finger domain binds to DNA sequences from its own promoter region. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulation of the adaptive immune response. Regulates motility, adhesion and cytokine expression of mature T-cells, as well as thymocyte development. Contributes also to the development and activation of primary B- lymphocytes. When antigen presenting cells (APC) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), a serie of phosphorylations lead to the recruitment of ZAP70 to the doubly phosphorylated TCR component CD247/CD3Z through ITAM motif at the plasma membrane. This recruitment serves to localization to the stimulated TCR and to relieve its autoinhibited conformation. Release of ZAP70 active conformation is further stabilized by phosphorylation mediated by LCK. Subsequently, ZAP70 phosphorylates at least 2 essential adapter proteins: LAT and LCP2. In turn, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited and ultimately lead to lymphokine production, T-cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, ZAP70 controls cytoskeleton modifications, adhesion and mobility of T-lymphocytes, thus ensuring correct delivery of effectors to the APC. ZAP70 is also required for TCR-CD247/CD3Z internalization and degradation through interaction with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL and adapter proteins SLA and SLA2. Thus, ZAP70 regulates both T-cell activation switch on and switch off by modulating TCR expression at the T-cell surface. During thymocyte development, ZAP70 promotes survival and cell-cycle progression of developing thymocytes before positive selection (when cells are still CD4/CD8 double negative). Additionally, ZAP70-dependent signaling pathway may also contribute to primary B-cells formation and activation through B-cell receptor (BCR). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=In quiescent T-lymphocytes, it is cytoplasmic. Upon TCR activation, it is recruited at the plasma membrane by interacting with CD247/CD3Z. Colocalizes together with RHOH in the immunological synapse. RHOH is required for its proper localization to the cell membrane and cytoskeleton fractions in the thymocytes (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SYK/ZAP-70 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SUI1 family.


FUNCTION: Probable RNA methylase. Confers resistance to carbomycin and several other macrolides, lincomycin and vernamycin B, but not to all macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity. Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. Its association with pi-bodies suggests a participation in the primary piRNAs metabolic process. Required prior to the pachytene stage to facilitate the production of multiple types of piRNAs, including those associated with repeats involved in the regulation of retrotransposons. May act by mediating protein-protein interactions during germ cell maturation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. Specifically localizes to pi-bodies, a subset of the nuage which contains primary piRNAs (By similarity).


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flagella basal body rod proteins family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.


FUNCTION: Multidrug and toxin efflux transporter involved in flavonoid metabolism. Required for proper reproductive development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.


FUNCTION: Plays a major role in decreasing resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TcaA family.


FUNCTION: May play a defensive role against insect attacks. SIMILARITY: To potato MCPI.


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial peptide with activity against both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Frenatin subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of reduced and non-reduced folates to pteroates and L-glutamate. This enzyme has a broad specificity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of fluorometabolites. Catalyzes the formation of a C-F bond by combining S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and fluoride to generate 5'-fluoro-5'-deoxyadenosine (5'-FDA) and L- methionine. It can also use 2'-deoxyadenosine in place of adenosine as substrate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SAM hydrolase / SAM-dependent halogenase family.


FUNCTION: Binds to TNF-alpha and beta. Probably prevents TNF to reach cellular target and thereby deampening the potential antiviral effects of the cytokine.


FUNCTION: Chemotactic factor that attracts eosinophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes but not neutrophils. Potent monocyte active chemokine that signals through CCR2. Involved in allergic inflammation and the host response to pathogens and may play a pivotal role during early stages of allergic lung inflammation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Ion channel inhibitor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 10 (Hwtx-1) family. 12 (Hntx-12) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Receptor for platelet activating factor, a chemotactic phospholipid mediator that possesses potent inflammatory, smooth-muscle contractile and hypotensive activity. Seems to mediate its action via a G protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. May be involved in the morphological and physical modifications of the oviduct and uterus during the estrus cycle and early pregnancy (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: The dimeric enzyme acts as an E1 ligase for smo-1. It mediates ATP-dependent activation of smo-1 and formation of a thioester with a conserved cysteine residue on uba-2 (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.


FUNCTION: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it.


FUNCTION: May play a potentially crucial role in regulating important physiological pathways including complement activation, blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and the generation of kinins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serpin family.


FUNCTION: Uptake of citrate across the boundary membrane with the concomitant transport of protons into the cell (symport system). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Metabolite:H+ Symporter (MHS) family (TC 2.A.1.6) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the key rate-limiting step in the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Endoplasmic reticulum Nucleus Note=It can interconvert between an inactive cytosolic form and an active membrane-bound form. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May have an important role in developing neurons by participating in regulation of cell survival, possibly as a neurospecific transcription factor. Belongs to the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the requiem/DPF family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0738 family.


FUNCTION: Transcription repression factor which plays an important role in the establishment of the regional subdivision of the developing brain and in the development of the telencephalon. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor. FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor. May be involved in the control of flowering time. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding factor involved in multiple aspects of cellular processes like alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and translation regulation. Modulates alternative 5'-splice site and exon selection. Acts as a muscle cell differentiation-promoting factor. Activates exon skipping of the PTB pre-mRNA during muscle cell differentiation. Antagonizes the activity of the splicing factor PTBP1 to modulate muscle cell-specific exon selection of alpha tropomyosin. Binds to intronic pyrimidine-rich sequence of the TPM1 and MAPT pre-mRNAs. Required for the translational activation of PER1 mRNA in response to circadian clock. Binds directly to the 3'-UTR of the PER1 mRNA. Exerts a suppressive activity on Cap-dependent translation via binding to CU- rich responsive elements within the 3'UTR of mRNAs, a process increased under stress conditions or during myocytes differentiation. Recruits EIF4A1 to stimulate IRES-dependent translation initiation in respons to cellular stress. Associates to internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) in target mRNA species under stress conditions. Plays a role for miRNA- guided RNA cleavage and translation suppression by promoting association of AGO2-containing miRNPs with their cognate target mRNAs. Associates with miRNAs during muscle cell differentiation. Binds preferentially to 5'-CGCGCG[GCA]-3' motif in vitro (By similarity). FUNCTION: RNA-binding factor involved in multiple aspects of cellular processes like alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and translation regulation. Modulates alternative 5'-splice site and exon selection. Acts as a muscle cell differentiation-promoting factor. Activates exon skipping of the PTB pre-mRNA during muscle cell differentiation. Antagonizes the activity of the splicing factor PTBP1 to modulate muscle cell-specific exon selection of alpha tropomyosin. Binds to intronic pyrimidine-rich sequence of the TPM1 and MAPT pre-mRNAs. Required for the translational activation of PER1 mRNA in response to circadian clock. Binds directly to the 3'-UTR of the PER1 mRNA. Exerts a suppressive activity on Cap-dependent translation via binding to CU- rich responsive elements within the 3'UTR of mRNAs, a process increased under stress conditions or during myocytes differentiation. Recruits EIF4A1 to stimulate IRES-dependent translation initiation in respons to cellular stress. Associates to internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) in target mRNA species under stress conditions. Plays a role for miRNA- guided RNA cleavage and translation suppression by promoting association of AGO2-containing miRNPs with their cognate target mRNAs. Associates with miRNAs during muscle cell differentiation. Binds preferentially to 5'-CGCGCG[GCA]-3' motif in vitro. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus speckle. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Undergoes continuous nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Upon nuclear import colocalizes with SR proteins in nuclear speckles. Arsenite stress-induced phosphorylation increases its subcellular relocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and to cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) via a p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Primarily localized in nucleus and nucleoli under cell growth conditions and accumulated in the cytoplasm and cytoplasm perinuclear granules upon muscle cell differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, nucleolus Nucleus speckle Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic granule Note=Undergoes continuous nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. Upon nuclear import colocalizes with SR proteins in nuclear speckles. Arsenite stress-induced phosphorylation increases its subcellular relocalization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and to cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) via a p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Primarily localized in nucleus and nucleoli under cell growth conditions and accumulated in the cytoplasm and cytoplasm perinuclear granules upon muscle cell differentiation (By similarity).


FUNCTION: Probably involved in transport through the plasma membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the glyoxylate assimilation cycle used to regenerate acetyl-CoA and produce pyruvate as universal precursor for biosynthesis. Catalyzes the hydration of 3-methylfumaryl-CoA (mesaconyl-C4-CoA) to (3S)-citramalyl-CoA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HTD2 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of pyridoxine (vitamin B(6)). Catalyzes the oxidation of 5-formyl-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-4- carboxylate (FHMPC) by NAD(+) to 5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine-3,4- dicarboxylate (HMPDC) (PubMed:19218190). Can also catalyze the reduction of FHMPC by NADH to 4-pyridoxic acid (PubMed:19218190). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Probable zinc metalloprotease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M54 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of the macrolide antibiotics methymycin, neomethymycin, narbomycin, and pikromycin. Catalyzes the attachment of dTDP-D-desosamine onto 12- and 14-membered macrolactone rings 10-deoxymethynolide and narbonolide to produce 10-deoxymethymycin (YC-17) and narbomycin. DesVII is unique among glycosyltransferases in that it requires an additional protein component, DesVIII, for its activity. DesVII can recognize and process not only cyclic substrates of different ring size, but also a variety of linear substrates albeit with reduced, but measurable activities (PubMed:18548476). Both L- sugars and D-sugars are recognized as substrates and variant substitutions at C-3 and C-4 are tolerated, but deoxygenation at C-6 is required (PubMed:16538696). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.


FUNCTION: Extremely potent and selective inhibitor of integrin alpha- 5/beta-1 (ITGA5/ITGB1). Partially inhibits adhesion of cells expressing alpha-IIb/beta-3 (ITGA2B/ITGB3), alpha-V/beta-3 (ITGAV/ITGB3), and alpha-4/beta-1 (ITGA4/ITGB1) to appropriate ligands only at concentration higher than 500 nM. Weakly inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the disintegrin family. Dimeric disintegrin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body Note=Localizes at the transition zone, a region between the basal body and the ciliary axoneme. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the B9D family.


FUNCTION: The central subunit of the protein translocation channel SecYEG. Consists of two halves formed by TMs 1-5 and 6-10. These two domains form a lateral gate at the front which open onto the bilayer between TMs 2 and 7, and are clamped together by SecE at the back. The channel is closed by both a pore ring composed of hydrophobic SecY resides and a short helix (helix 2A) on the extracellular side of the membrane which forms a plug. The plug probably moves laterally to allow the channel to open. The ring and the pore may move independently. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecY/SEC61-alpha family.


FUNCTION: A translational regulator that binds mRNA to regulate translation initiation and/or mRNA stability (PubMed:17704818, PubMed:23635605). Post-transcriptionally represses the expression of genes controlled by GacA/GacS (PubMed:15601712, PubMed:23635605). Binds the 5' UTR of mRNA; the mRNA binds to the outside edge to each monomer and each dimer could bind the same mRNA twice (PubMed:17704818). Recognizes a (A/U)CANGGANG(U/A) consensus, binds to GGA (part of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence) in the 5' UTR loop, which prevents ribosome binding (PubMed:17704818, PubMed:24561806, PubMed:23635605). Overexpression represses target protein expression; mutating nucleotides in the 5' UTR abolishes repression in vivo (PubMed:17704818, PubMed:23635605). Binds specifically to small RNAs (sRNA) RsmX, RsmZ and RsmY; these sRNAs fold into secondary structures with multiple GGA sequences in loops to which the CsrA proteins bind (PubMed:15601712, PubMed:16286659, PubMed:24828038). Binding to RsmX, RsmY or RsmZ titrates the protein so that it can no longer bind mRNA and repress translation (PubMed:15601712, PubMed:24828038). RsmZ can bind up to 5 CsrA1 (rsmE) dimers; they bind cooperatively to GGA sequences in RsmZ in a defined order (PubMed:24828038, PubMed:24561806). Required for optimal expression and stability of sRNAs RsmX, RsmY and RsmZ (PubMed:15601712, PubMed:16286659). Four CsrA1 dimers maximally protect RsmZ from RNase activity (PubMed:24828038). Deletion of rsmX, rsmY or rsmZ alone has no detectable phenotype, but a double rsmY-rsmZ deletion has a marked decrease in production of secondary metabolites HCN, exoprotease AprA, antifungal agent 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and swarming motility, and protects cucumber plants from fungal infection less well than wild- type; the triple sRNA deletion has even stronger loss of these phenotypes (PubMed:16286659). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CsrA/RsmA family.


FUNCTION: Sulfur carrier protein involved in sulfur trafficking in the cell. Part of a sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation during synthesis of 2-thiouridine of the modified wobble base 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) in tRNA. Interacts with IscS and stimulates its cysteine desulfurase activity. Accepts an activated sulfur from IscS, which is then transferred to TusD, and thus determines the direction of sulfur flow from IscS to 2-thiouridine formation. Also appears to be involved in sulfur transfer for the biosynthesis of molybdopterin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfur carrier protein TusA family.


SIMILARITY: To A.fulgidus AF_0255 and AF_1363.


FUNCTION: Associates with CD4 or CD8 and delivers costimulatory signals for the TCR/CD3 pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Ba(2+), Mn(2+), Sr(2+) and Co(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+) (By similarity). May be a receptor for ligands (trioxilins A3 and B3) from the hepoxilin pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NIPA family.


FUNCTION: Chaperone involved in tail fiber assembly. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tfa family.


FUNCTION: An alpha subtype methylase that recognizes the double- stranded sequence 5'-GGTGA-3', probably methylates A-5 on the top strand, and protects the DNA from cleavage by the HphI endonuclease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the N(4)/N(6)-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Accessory subunit of the DNA polymerase that acts to increase the processivity of polymerization. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae polymerase accessory protein family.


FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor (PubMed:12888489, PubMed:36688410). Binds a motif with the core sequence 5'-C[ACT][TG]G- 3' in regulatory elements of target genes (PubMed:12888489, PubMed:36688410). Many putative target genes show oscillating expression levels, perhaps as a result of rhythmic variation in accumulation of grh-1 (PubMed:36688410). Plays a role in proper cuticle formation and/or barrier function and is required repetitively during development, for successful completion of each molt (PubMed:36688410). Involved in modulating lifespan (PubMed:35013237). Plays a role in defense response to bacteria (PubMed:35013237). May act upstream of the p38 MAP kinase / pmk-1 pathway (PubMed:35013237). May act downstream of the insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling (IIS) pathway (PubMed:35013237). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the grh/CP2 family. Grainyhead subfamily.


FUNCTION: Secreted effector that suppresses pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) in plant host. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host cytoplasm Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


FUNCTION: May operate as a cation/H(+) antiporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 2 (CPA2) transporter (TC 2.A.37) family. CHX (TC 2.A.37.4) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the V-ATPase F subunit family.


FUNCTION: Involved in lignin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the final step specific for the production of lignin monomers. Catalyzes the NADPH- dependent reduction of coniferaldehyde, 5-hydroxyconiferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde, 4-coumaraldehyde and caffeyl aldehyde to their respective alcohols. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a substrate recognition component for CUL4-DDB1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of nuclear proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Converts the glycoprotein envelope surrounding the egg from an unfertilizable to a fertilizable form during its transit through the pars recta portion of the oviduct by selectively hydrolyzing the envelope glycoprotein gp43. The egg envelope is converted to a sperm- penetrable form, via an increase in sperm binding. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.


FUNCTION: Secreted growth factor that mediates its signal through cell- surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors (By similarity). Binds cell-surface proteoglycan receptor via their chondroitin sulfate (CS) groups (By similarity). Thereby regulates many processes like cell proliferation, cell survival, cell growth, cell differentiation and cell migration (By similarity). Has antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:20308059). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pleiotrophin family.


FUNCTION: Part of a major quorum-sensing system that regulates the development of genetic competence (PubMed:22197102). Involved in the maturation of the competence pheromone ComX (PubMed:22197102, PubMed:25036949). Acts by catalyzing the transfer of a geranyl group on the ComX pheromone (PubMed:22197102, PubMed:25036949, PubMed:31670609). Cannot use farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) (PubMed:31670609). FUNCTION: Part of a major quorum-sensing system that regulates the development of genetic competence (By similarity). Involved in the maturation of the competence pheromone ComX (By similarity). Acts by catalyzing the transfer of a prenyl group on the ComX pheromone (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.


FUNCTION: Has thioltransferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. Note=Localizes to the virion core. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family.


FUNCTION: Probably has thioredoxin reductase-like oxidoreductase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Perikaryon Cell projection, dendrite Cell projection, axon. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SelWTH family. SELT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in the modulation of host immune response by modulating T-cell function. Interacts with host PTPRC/CD45 and thereby reduces host TCR signaling and T-cell proliferation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host endoplasmic reticulum Note=Localizes to the host cell membrane when highly glycosylated while less glycosylated forms are found on the endoplasmic reticulum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RL11 family.


FUNCTION: Required for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Plays a key role in the conversion of malate to acetyl-CoA for efficient tricarboxylic acid cycle function in nitrogen-fixating bacteria. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the malic enzymes family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phosphate acetyltransferase and butyryltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of sophoraflavanone G (SFG). Can use flavanones (naringenin, liquiritigenin and hesperetin) as substrates, but not flavonols or isoflavones. Shows a strict specificity for dimethylallyl diphosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N- acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of dermatan sulfate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 2 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in membrane trafficking. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.


FUNCTION: Probable serine lipid hydrolase associated with lipid droplets. Appears to lack cholesterol esterase activity. Appears to lack triglyceride lipase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lipid droplet. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. LDAH family.


FUNCTION: Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II. PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II, is involved in transcriptional elongation and in histone modifications including methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAF1 family.


FUNCTION: Major capsid protein that self-associates to form 240 hexon trimers, each in the shape of a hexagon, building most of the pseudo T=25 capsid. Assembled into trimeric units with the help of the chaperone shutoff protein. Transported by pre-protein VI to the nucleus where it associates with other structural proteins to form an empty capsid. Might be involved, through its interaction with host dyneins, in the intracellular microtubule-dependent transport of incoming viral capsid to the nucleus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host nucleus Note=Forms the capsid icosahedric shell. Present in 720 copies per virion, assembled in 240 trimers. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenoviridae hexon protein family.


FUNCTION: Protease that can cleave T7 RNA polymerase, ferric enterobactin receptor protein (FEP), antimicrobial peptide protamine and other proteins. This protease has a specificity for paired basic residues. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A26 family.


FUNCTION: In eubacteria ppGpp (guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-diphosphate) is a mediator of the stringent response that coordinates a variety of cellular activities in response to changes in nutritional abundance. This enzyme catalyzes the degradation of ppGpp into GDP. It may also be capable of catalyzing the synthesis of ppGpp (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RelA/SpoT family.


FUNCTION: Interacts with CbpA and inhibits both the DnaJ-like co- chaperone activity and the DNA binding activity of CbpA. Together with CbpA, modulates the activity of the DnaK chaperone system. Does not inhibit the co-chaperone activity of DnaJ. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CbpM family.


FUNCTION: Selectively regulates proliferation and morphogenesis of neural-crest derived pigment cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.


FUNCTION: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins including blmp-1 (PubMed:17336909, PubMed:23431138, PubMed:24613396, PubMed:24968003). Heterochronic protein which is required for the timing of gonad development and epidermal seam cell differentiation (PubMed:17336909). Regulates tail-spike cell death through inhibition of the apoptosis regulator ced-9 (PubMed:23431138). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Neural cell adhesion molecule. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI- anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. IgLON family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA (DHNA-CoA) to 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate (DHNA), a reaction involved in phylloquinone (vitamin K1) biosynthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase family. DHNA-CoA hydrolase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IPP isomerase type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Integral membrane transporter that imports quinic acid to be catabolized as a carbon source. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.


FUNCTION: RNA-binding protein involved in alternative pre-RNA splicing and in cytoplasmic stress granules formation (PubMed:1326761, PubMed:8576255, PubMed:17488725, PubMed:10613902). Shows a preference for uridine-rich RNAs (PubMed:8576255). Activates splicing of alternative exons with weak 5' splice sites followed by a U-rich stretch on its own pre-mRNA and on TIA1 mRNA (By similarity). Promotes the inclusion of TIA1 exon 5 to give rise to the long isoform (isoform a) of TIA1 (PubMed:17488725). Acts downstream of the stress-induced phosphorylation of EIF2S1/EIF2A to promote the recruitment of untranslated mRNAs to cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) (PubMed:10613902). Possesses nucleolytic activity against cytotoxic lymphocyte target cells (PubMed:1326761). May be involved in apoptosis (PubMed:1326761). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytolytic granule Cytoplasm, Stress granule Note=Nuclear import seems to be coupled to RNA polymerase II transcription and may be dependent on RNA-binding (By similarity). Accumulates in cytoplasmic stress granules (SG) following cellular damage (PubMed:10613902).


FUNCTION: Functions in nuclear protein import as an adapter protein for nuclear receptor KPNB1. Binds specifically and directly to substrates containing either a simple or bipartite NLS motif. Docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated by KPNB1 through binding to nucleoporin FxFG repeats and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to importin-beta and the three components separate and importin-alpha and -beta are re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran from importin. The directionality of nuclear import is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. In vitro, mediates the nuclear import of human cytomegalovirus UL84 by recognizing a non-classical NLS. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the importin alpha family.


FUNCTION: Involved in pre-rRNA processing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRM MRD1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex that acts by directly joining spliced tRNA halves to mature-sized tRNAs by incorporating the precursor-derived splice junction phosphate into the mature tRNA as a canonical 3',5'-phosphodiester. May act as an RNA ligase with broad substrate specificity, and may function toward other RNAs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RtcB family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 4HPPD family.