FUNCTION: Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'- processing endonuclease activity. May be involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RNase Z family.


FUNCTION: This protein is a component of a D-methionine permease, a binding protein-dependent, ATP-driven transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NlpA lipoprotein family.


FUNCTION: Acts as an inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase activity; prevents acetylation of all core histones by the EP300/p300 histone acetyltransferase at p53/TP53-regulated target promoters in a histone deacetylases (HDAC)-independent manner. Acts as a transcription corepressor of p53/TP53- and TP63-mediated transactivation of the p21/CDKN1A promoter. Involved in the regulation of p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleoplasm Nucleus, nucleolus Note=Translocates from the nucleoli to the nucleoplasm in presence of several stressors like ultraviolet irradiation and actinomycin-D. Predominantly detected in the nucleoli in non-mitotic cells. Predominantly detected in nucleoplasma in cells undergoing mitosis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NOC2 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in targeting proteins for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CUEDC2 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family. Azg-like subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the engrailed homeobox family.


FUNCTION: Together with fibrinogen alpha (FGA) and fibrinogen beta (FGB), polymerizes to form an insoluble fibrin matrix. Has a major function in hemostasis as one of the primary components of blood clots. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex FbpABC (TC 3.A.1.10.1) involved in Fe(3+) ions import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. FbpB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of pyruvate and phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the hexokinase family.


FUNCTION: Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)-like protein that acts as component of a complex regulating the turnover of mRNAs in the nucleus. Binds with high affinity to RNA molecules that contain U- rich sequences in 3'-UTRs. May function in complex with UBP1 and contribute to the stabilization of mRNAs in the nucleus. However, unlike UBP1, UBA2A does not stimulate pre-mRNA splicing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Relocalizes into nuclear speckles in response to abscisic acid (ABA).


FUNCTION: Acts on tyrosine phosphorylated proteins, low-MW aryl phosphates and natural and synthetic acyl phosphates with differences in substrate specificity between isoform 1 and isoform 2. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase family.


FUNCTION: Converts big endothelin-1 to endothelin-1 (PubMed:7797512). May also have methyltransferase activity (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M13 family.


FUNCTION: Myotropic peptide, enhances both the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous hindgut contractions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Vital for proper neuronal development and hatching. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the OAF family.


FUNCTION: Voltage dependent anion channel required for acidification and functions of the Golgi apparatus that may function in counter-ion conductance (By similarity). Plays a role in lymphocyte development (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Golgi pH regulator (TC 1.A.38) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in septation.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0561 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of 5-methyl-uridine at position 54 (m5U54) in tRNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA M5U methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in efficient localization of neo-synthesized capsids to nuclear replication compartments, thereby controlling cleavage and packaging of virus genomic DNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. Host nucleus. Note=Mainly cytoplasmic in transfected cell culture. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae UL32 protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Secreted Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=Predominantly cytoplasmic. A small proportion is associated with secretory granules and membrane fractions (By similarity). Detectable in human serum after ischemic neuronal damage.


FUNCTION: Rhamnose-binding lectin. Also binds alpha-D-melibiose, alpha- D-lactose, beta-D-lactose, methyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside, methyl- beta-D--galactopyranoside and D-galactose but not D-arabinose, L- fucose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-maltose, D-sucrose, N-acetyl-D- galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-D-xylose or by glycoproteins orosomucoid, thyroglobulin, ovomucoid and porcine stomach mucin. Shows cation-independent hemagglutinating activity against rabbit and human erythrocytes. Agglutinates cells of Gram- positive bacterial species S.aureus but not those of Gram-negative E.coli.


FUNCTION: Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of N-acetylglucosamine to N- acetylmannosamine. Involved in the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) degradation pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in differentiation and/or proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. Proposed to be involved in epithelial-to- mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, another study suggests that it is not required for EMT or stem cell self-renewal and acts during later stages of differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Acts as a neurotoxin by inhibiting an ion channel (By similarity). May also act as a serine protease inhibitor, since it possess the kazal serine protease inhibitor signature. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conopeptide P-like superfamily.


FUNCTION: The transmembrane protein (TM) acts as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least 3 conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes. Membranes fusion leads to delivery of the nucleocapsid into the cytoplasm (By similarity). FUNCTION: The surface protein (SU) attaches the virus to the host cell by binding to its receptor. This interaction triggers the refolding of the transmembrane protein (TM) and is thought to activate its fusogenic potential by unmasking its fusion peptide. Fusion occurs at the host cell plasma membrane (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Transmembrane protein]: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Surface protein]: Virion membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=The surface protein is not anchored to the viral envelope, but associates with the extravirion surface through its binding to TM. Both proteins are thought to be concentrated at the site of budding and incorporated into the virions possibly by contacts between the cytoplasmic tail of Env and the N-terminus of Gag (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [R-peptide]: Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=The R-peptide is membrane-associated through its palmitate.


FUNCTION: Extracellular glycosidase which plays an important role in fungal pathogenesis. Involved in cell wall assembly and regeneration, filamentation, and adherence to host cells. Plays a role of cell surface antigen in acute candidemia patients. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall Membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor Note=Covalently- linked GPI-modified cell wall protein (GPI-CWP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family. CRH1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'- linked polyubiquitination. Mediates the selective degradation of short- lived and abnormal proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Mediates ubiquitination of PEX5 and autoubiquitination of STUB1 and TRAF6. Involved in the signal-induced conjugation and subsequent degradation of NFKBIA, FBXW2-mediated GCM1 ubiquitination and degradation, MDM2-dependent degradation of p53/TP53 and the activation of MAVS in the mitochondria by RIGI in response to viral infection. Essential for viral activation of IRF3. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.


FUNCTION: FAD-linked oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the aspoquinolone mycotoxins (PubMed:25251934). Within the pathway, asqF performs FAD-dependent dehydrogenation of the dimethylallyl quinolone peniprequinolone to yield the conjugated aryl diene yaequinolone E (By similarity). The first step of the pathway is catalyzed by the nonribosomal pepdide synthetase asqK that condenses anthranilic acid and O-methyl-L-tyrosine to produce 4'-methoxycyclopeptin. 4'-methoxycyclopeptin is then converted to 4'-methoxydehydrocyclopeptin by the ketoglutarate- dependent dioxygenase asqJ. AsqJ also converts its first product 4'- methoxydehydrocyclopeptin to 4'-methoxycyclopenin. The following conversion of 4'-methoxycyclopenin into 4'-methoxyviridicatin is catalyzed by the cyclopenase asqI. 4'-methoxyviridicatin is the precursor of quinolone natural products, and is further converted to quinolinone B. The prenyltransferase asqH1 then catalyzes the canonical Friedel-Crafts alkylation of quinolinone B with dimethylallyl cation to yield dimethylallyl quinolone, which is subjected to FAD-dependent dehydrogenation by the FAD-linked oxidoreductase asqF to yield conjugated aryl diene. The delta(3') double bond then serves as the site of the second alkylation with DMAPP catalyzed by the prenyltransferase asqH2 to yield a carbenium ion intermediate, which can be attacked by H(2)O to yield a styrenyl quinolone containing a C3'-hydroxyprenyl chain. The FAD-dependent monooxygenase asqG performs epoxidation of the terminal C7'-C8' olefin. Finally, after dehydratation of the epoxide at C3 by asqC, the quinolone epoxide rearrangement protein asqO catalyzes an enzymatic 3-exo-tet cyclization to yield the cyclopropyl-THF ring system in aspoquinolone (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Major acute phase reactant. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SAA family.


FUNCTION: Putative regulatory component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and probably DNA repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Cecropins have lytic and antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cecropin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CTP synthase family.


FUNCTION: Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. PRP22 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor with a minor role promoting glial cell differentiation and a more significant role in hematocyte differentiation. Gcm2, together with gcm, is required for the proliferation of plasmatocyte precursors, the expression of Croquemort protein, and the ability of plasmatocytes to convert into macrophages. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: To yeast YJL076w.


FUNCTION: May only reduce GSH-thiol disulfides, but not protein disulfides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. CPYC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probably participates in a plant defense mechanism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclotide family. Bracelet subfamily.


FUNCTION: Stimulates the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1- SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA (PubMed:19416851). Plays a role in MBOAT7 location to mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), may me involved in fatty acid remodeling phosphatidylinositol (PI) (PubMed:23510452). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPTSS family. SPTSSA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the N-methylation of nicotinamide using the universal methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine to form N1- methylnicotinamide and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, a predominant nicotinamide/vitamin B3 clearance pathway (PubMed:26168293, PubMed:29483571). Plays a central role in regulating cellular methylation potential, by consuming S-adenosyl-L-methionine and limiting its availability for other methyltransferases (By similarity). Actively mediates genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptional changes through hypomethylation of repressive chromatin marks, such as H3K27me3. In a developmental context, contributes to low levels of the repressive histone marks that characterize pluripotent embryonic stem cell pre-implantation state (By similarity). Acts as a metabolic regulator primarily on white adipose tissue energy expenditure as well as hepatic gluconeogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:24717514, PubMed:26168293). In white adipocytes, regulates polyamine flux by consuming S-adenosyl-L-methionine which provides for propylamine group in polyamine biosynthesis, whereas by consuming nicotinamide controls NAD(+) levels through the salvage pathway (PubMed:24717514). Via its product N1-methylnicotinamide regulates protein acetylation in hepatocytes, by repressing the ubiquitination and increasing the stability of SIRT1 deacetylase (PubMed:26168293). Can also N-methylate other pyridines structurally related to nicotinamide and play a role in xenobiotic detoxification (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. NNMT/PNMT/TEMT family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase V involved in RNA-directed DNA methylation- dependent (RdDM) silencing of endogenous repeated sequences, including transposable elements. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: Major component of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N- methyltransferase that monomethylates ribosomal protein S18 (RPS18A and RPS18B) at 'Lys-48' and dimethylates ribosomal protein L23 (RPL23A and RPL23B) at 'Lys-106' and 'Lys-110'. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RKM1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PBDC1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS22 family.


FUNCTION: May help load RecA onto ssDNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DprA/Smf family.


FUNCTION: Aminotransferase that acts exclusively on beta-amino acids and exhibits a broad substrate range in vitro, accepting meta-, para- and, to a lesser extent, ortho-substituted beta-phenylalanine derivatives as amino donors, and 2-oxoglutarate or pyruvate as amino acceptors. Is highly enantioselective toward (S)-beta-phenylalanine (is not active with (R)-beta-phenylalanine) and derivatives with different substituents on the phenyl ring, allowing the kinetic resolution of various racemic beta-amino acids to yield (R)-beta-amino acids with >95% enantiomeric excess (ee). Highly prefers aromatic beta-amino acids over aliphatic beta-amino acids; cannot use beta-alanine or beta- glutamate as substrate. Is likely involved in the beta-phenylalanine degradation pathway that allows V.paradoxus strain CBF3 to use beta- phenylalanine as a sole nitrogen source. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Has a chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-like activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Secretory granules. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nitroreductase family. HadB/RutE subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Note=Probably secreted via the ESX-5 / type VII secretion system (T7SS). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WXG100 family. CFP-10 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the first step of histidine biosynthesis. May allow the feedback regulation of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase activity by histidine (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. HisZ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor required for peripheral nervous system morphogenesis, eye development and oogenesis. May be required for the transmission of the dpp signal and for a morphogenetic movement of the medulla in the brain that reorients the second optic lobe relative to the first. Plays a role in determining proper dorsal cell fates leading to the formation of the dorsal appendages. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TSC-22/Dip/Bun family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in both secretory and endocytic intracellular trafficking in the endosomal/prevacuolar compartments. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRA1 family.


FUNCTION: May modulate chromatin structure by regulation of nucleosome assembly/disassembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.


FUNCTION: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of estradiol and estrone. May play a role in the regulation of estrogen receptor activity by metabolizing free estradiol (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parvalbumin family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family.


FUNCTION: (Microbial infection) Integrin ITGAV:ITGB5 acts as a receptor for adenovirus type C. FUNCTION: Integrin alpha-V/beta-5 (ITGAV:ITGB5) is a receptor for fibronectin. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in its ligand. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.


FUNCTION: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of monakolin K, also known as lovastatin, and which acts as a potent competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (PubMed:18578535). Monakolin K biosynthesis is performed in two stages (PubMed:19693441). The first stage is catalyzed by the nonaketide synthase mokA, which belongs to type I polyketide synthases and catalyzes the iterative nine-step formation of the polyketide (PubMed:18578535, PubMed:19693441). This PKS stage is completed by the action of dehydrogenase mokE, which catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the unsaturated tetra-, penta- and heptaketide intermediates that arise during the mokA-mediated biosynthesis of the nonaketide chain and leads to dihydromonacolin L (PubMed:19693441). Covalently bound dihydromonacolin L is released from mokA by the mokD esterase (By similarity). Conversion of dihydromonacolin L into monacolin L and then monacolin J is subsequently performed with the participation of molecular oxygen and P450 monoogygenase mokC (PubMed:19693441). Finally, mokF performs the conversion of monacoline J to monacoline K through the addition of the side-chain diketide moiety (2R)-2-methylbutanoate produced by the diketide synthase mokB (PubMed:19693441). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes. Probably involved in the formation of epithelial tight junctions. Association with PARD3 may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly. The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins. Regulates centrosome organization and function. Essential for the centrosomal recruitment of key proteins that control centrosomal microtubule organization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane Cell junction, tight junction Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriolar satellite Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Note=Colocalizes with GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 at membrane ruffles and with PARD3 at epithelial tight junctions. Recruited to the centrosome by a microtubule and dynein- dynactin-dependent mechanism. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAR6 family.


FUNCTION: Proton-activated proton channel that catalyzes proton efflux from endosomes and lysosomes to maintain a steady-state pH (PubMed:35750034). Activated at low pH (under pH 4.6) by luminal side protons: selectively mediates lysosomal proton release from lysosomes, eliciting a proton leak that balances V-ATPase activity to maintain pH homeostasis (By similarity). Regulation of lumenal pH stability is required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion (PubMed:26317472). May also act as a potassium channel at higher pH, regulating potassium conductance in endosomes and lysosomes (PubMed:26317472, PubMed:33505021). The potassium channel activity is however unclear as it was tested in non-physiological conditions for a lysosomal channel (By similarity). Constitutes the pore-forming subunit of the lysoK(GF) complex, a complex activated by extracellular growth factors (PubMed:33505021). The lysoK(GF) complex is composed of TMEM175 and AKT (AKT1, AKT2 or AKT3), a major target of growth factor receptors: in the complex, TMEM175 channel is opened by conformational changes by AKT, leading to its activation (PubMed:33505021). The lysoK(GF) complex is required to protect neurons against stress-induced damage (PubMed:33505021). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TMEM175 family.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in galactose metabolism. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1c) that acts as a M-Ras/MRAS effector and participates in MAPK pathway activation. Upon M-Ras/MRAS activation, targets PP1c to specifically dephosphorylate the 'Ser-259' inhibitory site of raf1 kinase and stimulate raf1 activity at specialized signaling complexes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHOC2 family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in the inhibition of host apoptosis. Mediates host mitochondria-mediated apoptosis through interaction with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein/MAVS and thereby promotes viral persistence in host central nervous system. Within the host nucleus, regulates viral RNA synthesis and polymerase complex assembly. FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in the inhibition of host apoptosis. Mediates host mitochondria-mediated apoptosis through interaction with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein/MAVS and thereby promotes viral persistence in host central nervous system. Within the host nucleus, regulates viral RNA synthesis and polymerase complex assembly. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus. Host mitochondrion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus. Host mitochondrion.


FUNCTION: Converts GTP to 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate, the first intermediate in the biosynthesis of coenzyme methanopterin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase IV family.


FUNCTION: Anticoagulant plasma protein; it is a cofactor to activated protein C in the degradation of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa. It helps to prevent coagulation and stimulating fibrinolysis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Acts redundantly with hlh-1 to promote body wall muscle cell and coelomocyte specification in postembryonic mesoderm progenitors, probably through suppression of sem-2. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the formin homology family.


FUNCTION: Chlamydia replicate within a host intracellular vacuole, termed an inclusion, which is formed by fusion of many smaller inclusion bodies. IncA is probably involved in the homotypic fusion of inclusions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host vacuole, host pathogen-containing vacuole, host pathogen-containing vacuole membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Secreted, probably by a type III secretion system (By similarity). Localized in the inclusion membrane (Probable). In the inclusion, the C-terminus faces the host cytosol (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IncA family.


FUNCTION: Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Also plays a role in meiosis and more particularly in spermatogenesis. Has redundant cellular functions with AURKB and can rescue an AURKB knockdown. Like AURKB, AURKC phosphorylates histone H3 at 'Ser-10' and 'Ser-28'. AURKC phosphorylates the CPC complex subunits BIRC5/survivin and INCENP leading to increased AURKC activity. Phosphorylates TACC1, another protein involved in cell division, at 'Ser-228'. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. Chromosome, centromere Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle Note=Distributes in the condensed chromosomes during prophase to metaphase. After entering anaphase, there is a dissociation from separated chromosomes and a redistribution to midzone microtubules, and finally remains in the midbody during cytokinesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.


FUNCTION: Transports viral genome to neighboring plant cells directly through plasmosdesmata, without any budding. The movement protein allows efficient cell to cell propagation, by bypassing the host cell wall barrier. Forms a ribonucleoprotein complex with viral RNA. Binds microtubules and modulates microtubule stability. Can bind double- stranded DNA. Triggers host hypersensitive defense reaction in incompatible plants harboring resistance (R) proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm, host cytoskeleton Host cell junction, host plasmodesma Note=Binds to the host cytoskeleton before being transported to the host plasmodesmata. Observed in virus replication complexes (VRCs) of tobamovirus infected host cells (By similarity). In resistant plants, targeted to the host plasma membrane via the interaction with host resistance (R) protein TM-2 (e.g. tomato ToMV resistance protein TM-2(2), AC Q71BG9) (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tobamovirus movement protein family.


FUNCTION: CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) is an adaptive immune system that provides protection against mobile genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements and conjugative plasmids). CRISPR clusters contain sequences complementary to antecedent mobile elements and target invading nucleic acids. CRISPR clusters are transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNA (crRNA). Processes pre-crRNA into individual crRNA units. Absolutely required for crRNA production or stability. Upon expression in E.coli endonucleolytically processes pre-crRNA, although disruption and reconstitution experiments indicate that in situ other genes are also required for processing. Yields 5'-hydroxy and 3'-phosphate groups. The Csy ribonucleoprotein complex binds target ssDNA with high affinity but target dsDNA with much lower affinity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CRISPR-associated endoribonuclease Cas6 family. Cas6f/Csy4, subtype I-F/Ypest subfamily.


FUNCTION: Required for TORC1 to properly control gene expression and chronological life span. Plays an essential role in initiation of the G0 program by preventing the degradation of specific nutrient-regulated mRNAs via the 5'-3' mRNA decay pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the endosulfine family.


FUNCTION: Has antibacterial activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Dermaseptin subfamily.


FUNCTION: Ribosomal protein required for normal mitochondrial function and normal larval development. Thought to have a role in insulin/IGF signaling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.


FUNCTION: May participate in O-glycosylation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Cyclin partner of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) PHO85. Together with cyclin PCL7, controls glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase activities in response to nutrient availablility. The PCL6- PHO85 cyclin-CDK holoenzyme has GLC8 kinase activity and phosphorylates and inactivates the phosphatase PP1-2 inhibitor GLC8, causing activation of PP1-2, which then dephosphorylates and activates glycogen phosphorylase. PCL6-PHO85 also phosphorylates YJL084C. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclin family. PHO80 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of the tripartite efflux system MacAB-TdeA. MacB is a non-canonical ABC transporter that contains transmembrane domains (TMD), which form a pore in the inner membrane, and an ATP-binding domain (NBD), which is responsible for energy generation. Confers resistance against macrolides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Macrolide exporter (TC 3.A.1.122) family.


FUNCTION: Could be an important component in vesicular trafficking cycling between the Golgi complex and the apical plasma membrane. Could be involved in myelin biogenesis and/or myelin function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MAL family.


FUNCTION: The SMN complex catalyzes the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome, and thereby plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre- mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP (Sm core). In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chaperone CLNS1A that controls the assembly of the core snRNP. To assemble core snRNPs, the SMN complex accepts the trapped 5Sm proteins from CLNS1A forming an intermediate. Binding of snRNA inside 5Sm ultimately triggers eviction of the SMN complex, thereby allowing binding of SNRPD3 and SNRPB to complete assembly of the core snRNP. Within the SMN complex, SMN1 acts as a structural backbone and together with GEMIN2 it gathers the Sm complex subunits. Ensures the correct splicing of U12 intron-containing genes that may be important for normal motor and proprioceptive neurons development. Also required for resolving RNA-DNA hybrids created by RNA polymerase II, that form R- loop in transcription terminal regions, an important step in proper transcription termination. May also play a role in the metabolism of small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNPs). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, gem Nucleus, Cajal body Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic granule Perikaryon Cell projection, neuron projection Cell projection, axon Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line Note=Colocalizes with actin and at the Z-line of skeletal muscle (By similarity). Under stress conditions colocalizes with RPP20/POP7 in punctuated cytoplasmic granules. Colocalized and redistributed with ZPR1 from the cytoplasm to nuclear gems (Gemini of coiled bodies) and Cajal bodies. Colocalizes with FMR1 in cytoplasmic granules in the soma and neurite cell processes (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SMN family.


FUNCTION: Methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid noscapine (PubMed:22535422, PubMed:29723437, PubMed:27378283, PubMed:29610307). Catalyzes the conversion of (S)-scoulerine to (S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine (PubMed:22535422). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-independent O-methyltransferase family. COMT subfamily.


FUNCTION: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. Reduces preferentially hydrogen peroxide rather than alkyl peroxides. May be involved in mitochondrial redox homeostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.


FUNCTION: Toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system, its cognate antitoxin is MazE1 (Probable). Probably an endoribonuclease (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PemK/MazF family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional modulator activated by BMP (bone morphogenetic proteins) type 1 receptor kinase. SMAD9 is a receptor- regulated SMAD (R-SMAD). Has been shown to be activated by activin type I receptor-like kinases (ALK-2, ALK-3, ALK-6) which stimulate heteromerization between SMAD9 and SMAD4. May play a role in osteoblast differentiation and maturation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Note=Cytoplasmic in the absence of ligand. Migrates to the nucleus when complexed with SMAD4. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family.


FUNCTION: Endonuclease which is capable of degrading plasmid DNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EndA/NucM nuclease family.


FUNCTION: Protease-inhibitor that contains multiple distinct protease inhibitor domains. Probably has serine protease- and metalloprotease- inhibitor activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WFIKKN family.


FUNCTION: Alpha-methyl-D-mannoside and D-mannose specific lectin. Binds IgA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the jacalin lectin family.


FUNCTION: May disrupt the normal intermolecular interactions of the cytoplasmic domain of band 3 and thereby facilitate the invagination of the red cell membrane which is necessary for the formation of the parasitophorous vacuole. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note=Probably located on the cytoplasmic face of the membrane where it associates with components of the membrane skeleton.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0053 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at the wobble position (U34) in tRNA. Catalyzes the FAD-dependent demodification of cmnm(5)s(2)U34 to nm(5)s(2)U34, followed by the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to nm(5)s(2)U34, to form mnm(5)s(2)U34. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the last two steps in the biosynthesis of 5- methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)U) at the wobble position (U34) in tRNA. Catalyzes the FAD-dependent demodification of cmnm(5)s(2)U34 to nm(5)s(2)U34, followed by the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to nm(5)s(2)U34, to form mnm(5)s(2)U34. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the DAO family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (mnm(5)s(2)U34)-methyltransferase family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (mnm(5)s(2)U34)-methyltransferase family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the DAO family.


FUNCTION: Regulates the cell cycle in a nutrient dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDC123 family.


FUNCTION: Peptide which can recruit, activate and subsequently lyse neutrophils, thus eliminating the main cellular defense against infection. FUNCTION: Peptide which can recruit, activate and subsequently lyse human neutrophils, thus eliminating the main cellular defense against infection. FUNCTION: Peptide which can recruit, activate and subsequently lyse human neutrophils, thus eliminating the main cellular defense against infection. Stimulates the secretion of the chemotactic factor interleukin-8 (IL-8). Showed the most pronounced pro-inflammatory and cytolytic activities in the host, thus contributing greatly to virulence and possibly to the development of disease. FUNCTION: Peptide which can recruit, activate and subsequently lyse human neutrophils, thus eliminating the main cellular defense against infection. Stimulates the secretion of the chemotactic factor interleukin-8 (IL-8). The ensuing activation process triggers an inflammatory response in the host, thus contributing greatly to virulence. Also possesses hemolytic activity, which may contribute to the development of disease. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phenol-soluble modulin alpha peptides family.


FUNCTION: TobZ is involved in the biosynthesis of the 2- deoxystreptamine-containing aminoglycoside antibiotics such as nebramycin 5 and 6-O-carbamoylkanamycin. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of carbamoyl phosphate and its subsequent adenylation by ATP to yield O- carbamoyladenylate. Then it catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl moiety from O-carbamoyladenylate to the tobramycin 6-hydroxy group to yield nebramycin 5'. It catalyzes the same reaction with kanamycin A. These reactions are considerably slower in the presence of deoxy-ATP. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NodU/CmcH family.


FUNCTION: Has potent hemolytic activity. Is lethal to crayfish. Causes cutaneous inflammation in humans. May act as a pore-forming toxin, disrupting normal transmembrane ion concentration gradients in susceptible cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Nematocyst Target cell membrane. Note=Forms a membrane channel in the prey. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the jellyfish toxin family.


FUNCTION: Long-chain acyl-CoA thioesterase that could be involved in beta-oxidation of fatty acids (PubMed:18576672). Is most active with 3,5-tetradecadienoyl-CoA, a metabolite of oleic acid that is hydrolyzed during oleate beta-oxidation, but can also use other substrates such as 3,5-dodecadienoyl-CoA, 9-cis-octadecenoyl-CoA, octadecanoyl-CoA, hexadecanoyl-CoA, 3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-CoA and tetradecanoyl-CoA (PubMed:18576672). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA thioesterase family.


FUNCTION: [p6-gag]: Plays a role in budding of the assembled particle by interacting with the host class E VPS proteins TSG101 and PDCD6IP/AIP1. FUNCTION: [Gag polyprotein]: Mediates, with Gag-Pol polyprotein, the essential events in virion assembly, including binding the plasma membrane, making the protein-protein interactions necessary to create spherical particles, recruiting the viral Env proteins, and packaging the genomic RNA via direct interactions with the RNA packaging sequence (Psi). FUNCTION: [Nucleocapsid protein p7]: Encapsulates and protects viral dimeric unspliced genomic RNA (gRNA). Binds these RNAs through its zinc fingers. Acts as a nucleic acid chaperone which is involved in rearangement of nucleic acid secondary structure during gRNA retrotranscription. Also facilitates template switch leading to recombination. As part of the polyprotein, participates in gRNA dimerization, packaging, tRNA incorporation and virion assembly. FUNCTION: [Capsid protein p24]: Forms the conical core that encapsulates the genomic RNA-nucleocapsid complex in the virion. Most core are conical, with only 7% tubular. The core is constituted by capsid protein hexamer subunits. The core is disassembled soon after virion entry (By similarity). The capsid promotes immune invasion by cloaking viral DNA from CGAS detection (By similarity). Host restriction factors such as TRIM5-alpha or TRIMCyp bind retroviral capsids and cause premature capsid disassembly, leading to blocks in reverse transcription. Capsid restriction by TRIM5 is one of the factors which restricts HIV-1 to the human species. Host PIN1 apparently facilitates the virion uncoating (By similarity). On the other hand, interactions with PDZD8 or CYPA stabilize the capsid (By similarity). FUNCTION: [Matrix protein p17]: Targets the polyprotein to the plasma membrane via a multipartite membrane-binding signal, that includes its myristoylated N-terminus (By similarity). Matrix protein is part of the pre-integration complex. Implicated in the release from host cell mediated by Vpu. Binds to RNA (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Nucleocapsid protein p7]: Virion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Capsid protein p24]: Virion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Matrix protein p17]: Virion membrane; Lipid-anchor Host nucleus Host cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Gag polyprotein]: Host cell membrane; Lipid-anchor Host endosome, host multivesicular body Note=These locations are probably linked to virus assembly sites. The main location is the cell membrane, but under some circumstances, late endosomal compartments can serve as productive sites for virion assembly. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the primate lentivirus group gag polyprotein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SprT family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SprT family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits the enzymatic activity of phospholipase A2 (PA2) (PubMed:10924158). Binds to the major PLA2 toxin of D.russelli siamensis (Daboiatoxin, AC Q7T2R1, and AC Q7T3T5) at 1-2-fold molar excess of inhibitor to toxin (PubMed:10924158). It exhibits broad spectra in neutralizing the toxicity of various snake venoms and toxins and inhibits the formation of edema in mice (PubMed:10924158). May bind to PLA2 through its proline-rich hydrophobic core region (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Note=Secreted in blood plasma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CNF-like-inhibitor family.


FUNCTION: Putative transcription factor involved in the regulation of the activity of the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway. Involved in sterol uptake. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SUT1 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Nematocyst. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sea anemone sodium channel inhibitory toxin family. Type I subfamily.


FUNCTION: Regulator of peptidoglycan synthesis that is essential for the function of penicillin-binding protein 1B (PBP1b). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor; Periplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LpoB family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of serine and glycine with a modified folate serving as the one-carbon carrier. Also exhibits a pteridine-independent aldolase activity toward beta- hydroxyamino acids, producing glycine and aldehydes, via a retro-aldol mechanism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHMT family.


FUNCTION: Alpha N-methyltransferase that methylates the N-terminus of target proteins containing the N-terminal motif [Ala/Pro/Ser]-Pro-Lys when the initiator Met is cleaved. Specifically catalyzes monomethylation of exposed alpha-amino group of Ala or Ser residue in the [Ala/Ser]-Pro-Lys motif and Pro in the Pro-Pro-Lys motif. Predominantly functions as a mono-methyltransferase but is also able to di-/tri-methylate the GPKRIA peptide and di-methylate the PPKRIA peptide (in vitro). May activate NTMT1 by priming its substrates for trimethylation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. NTM1 family.


FUNCTION: Selective transporter that mediates the uptake of Zn(2+) (PubMed:27321477). Plays an essential role for dietary zinc uptake from small intestine (By similarity). The Zn(2+) uniporter activity is regulated by zinc availability. Exhibits also polyspecific binding and transport of Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and possibly Ni(2+) but at higher concentrations (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Recycling endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Colocalized with TFRC in the recycling endosomes. Cycles between endosomal compartments and the plasma membrane in response to zinc availability. Translocates to the apical membrane during zinc deficiency. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.


FUNCTION: Member of the two-component regulatory system NtrY/NtrX involved in nitrogen level control. Probably activates NtrX by phosphorylation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Posseses strong B transferase activity and a weak A transferase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, Golgi stack membrane; Single- pass type II membrane protein. Secreted. Note=Membrane-bound form in trans cisternae of Golgi. Secreted into the body fluid (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 6 family.


FUNCTION: Required for jasmonate-regulated plant fertility and defense processes, and for coronatine and/or other elicitors perceptions/responses. Seems to not be required for meiosis. Required for the regulation of some genes induced by wounding, but not for all. Component of SCF(COI1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (probably including the ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain 1B RBCS-1B and the histone deacetylase HDA6). These SCF complexes play crucial roles in regulating response to jasmonate, and their interactions with the COP9 signalosome (CSN) appear to be important for their activity. Interacts with TIFY10A and inositol pentakisphosphate to form a high-affinity jasmonates coreceptor. Involved in the regulation of plant gene expression during plant- pathogen interactions with Pseudomonas syringae and Alternaria brassicicola.


FUNCTION: Required for the synthesis of N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (BHL), an autoinducer molecule which binds to AhyR. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the autoinducer synthase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the shikimate kinase family.


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial peptide that is rapidly bactericidal against Gram-positive bacteria. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Target cell membrane Note=Forms a helical membrane channel in the prey. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Short antimicrobial peptide (group 4) family.


FUNCTION: ATP-dependent agmatine transferase that catalyzes the formation of 2-agmatinylcytidine (agm2C) at the wobble position (C34) of tRNA(Ile2), converting the codon specificity from AUG to AUA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TiaS family.


FUNCTION: Transmembrane component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell projection, cilium membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Localizes to the transition zone of primary cilia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TMEM17 family.


FUNCTION: Converts trimethyllysine (TML) into hydroxytrimethyllysine (HTML). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gamma-BBH/TMLD family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the OST1 family.


FUNCTION: Potent voltage-gated sodium channel blocker (PubMed:25658507). Potently inhibits the voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.7/SCN9A (IC(50)=0.58-10 nM) (PubMed:25658507, PubMed:26999206). Also shows a moderate activity on Nav1.1/SCN1A (IC(50)=6 nM), Nav1.2/SCN2A (IC(50)=5-128 nM), Nav1.3/SCN3A (IC(50)=20.3-170 nM), and Nav1.6/SCN8A (IC(50)=17-20.1 nM) (PubMed:25658507, PubMed:26999206). Shows an unclear inhibition of Nav1.4/SCN4A (IC(50)=200 nM to >10 uM), Nav1.5/SCN5A (IC(50)=140 nM to >10 uM) and Nav1.8/SCN10A (IC(50)=68- 12200 nM) (PubMed:25658507, PubMed:26999206). Weakly blocks the low voltage-gated calcium channels Cav3.1/CACNA1G (30% inhibition of the peak current at 9.8 nM) (By similarity). shows moderate affinity for lipid bilayers (By similarity). In vivo, when tested on the OD1-induced mouse model of Nav1.7/SCN9A-mediated pain, the toxin is effective when co-administered with OD1, but lacks efficacy when delivered systemically (PubMed:26999206). FUNCTION: Potent voltage-gated sodium channel blocker (PubMed:24211312). Potently inhibits the voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.7/SCN9A (IC(50)=0.58-10 nM) (PubMed:24211312) (By similarity). Shows a moderate activity on Nav1.1/SCN1A (IC(50)=6 nM), Nav1.2/SCN2A (IC(50)=5-128 nM), Nav1.3/SCN3A (IC(50)=20.3-170 nM), and Nav1.6/SCN8A (IC(50)=17-20.1 nM) (PubMed:24211312) (By similarity). Shows an unclear inhibition of Nav1.4/SCN4A (IC(50)=200 nM to >10 uM), Nav1.5/SCN5A (IC(50)=140 nM to >10 uM) and Nav1.8/SCN10A (IC(50)=68-12200 nM) (PubMed:24211312) (By similarity). Weakly blocks the low voltage-gated calcium channels Cav3.1/CACNA1G (30% inhibition of the peak current by 9.8 nM of the toxin) (By similarity). It shows moderate affinity for lipid bilayers (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 10 (Hwtx-1) family. 08 (Gtx1-15) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c (Probable). The Rieske protein is a catalytic core subunit containing a [2Fe-2S] iron-sulfur cluster (PubMed:18390544). It cycles between 2 conformational states during catalysis to transfer electrons from the quinol bound in the Q(0) site in cytochrome b (COB) to cytochrome c1 (CYT1) (PubMed:1657998, PubMed:2538628) (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.


FUNCTION: Nucleotidase that shows high phosphatase activity toward non- canonical pyrimidine nucleotides and three canonical nucleoside 5'- monophosphates (UMP, dUMP, and dTMP), and very low activity against TDP, IMP, UDP, GMP, dGMP, AMP, dAMP, and 6-phosphogluconate. Appears to function as a house-cleaning nucleotidase in vivo, since the general nucleotidase activity of YjjG allows it to protect cells against non- canonical pyrimidine derivatives such as 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, 5- fluorouridine, 5-fluoroorotate, 5-fluorouracil, and 5-aza-2'- deoxycytidine, and prevents the incorporation of potentially mutagenic nucleotides into DNA. Its dUMP phosphatase activity that catalyzes the hydrolysis of dUMP to deoxyuridine is necessary for thymine utilization via the thymine salvage pathway. Is strictly specific to substrates with 5'-phosphates and shows no activity against nucleoside 2'- or 3'- monophosphates. FUNCTION: Nucleotidase that shows high phosphatase activity toward non- canonical pyrimidine nucleotides and three canonical nucleoside 5'- monophosphates (UMP, dUMP, and dTMP), and very low activity against TDP, IMP, UDP, GMP, dGMP, AMP, dAMP, and 6-phosphogluconate. Appears to function as a house-cleaning nucleotidase in vivo, since the general nucleotidase activity of YjjG allows it to protect cells against non- canonical pyrimidine derivatives such as 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine, 5- fluorouridine, 5-fluoroorotate, 5-fluorouracil, and 5-aza-2'- deoxycytidine, and prevents the incorporation of potentially mutagenic nucleotides into DNA. Its dUMP phosphatase activity that catalyzes the hydrolysis of dUMP to deoxyuridine is necessary for thymine utilization via the thymine salvage pathway. Is strictly specific to substrates with 5'-phosphates and shows no activity against nucleoside 2'- or 3'- monophosphates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. YjjG family.


FUNCTION: Receptor for adenosine (By similarity). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Colocalizes with GAS2L2 at neuronal processes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of branch points in alpha-glucans by cleavage of an alpha-1,4 glycosidic bond and subsequent transfer of the cleaved-off oligosaccharide to a new alpha-1,6 position. The branch chain-length distribution of the reaction products shows degree of polymerization (DP) of 5 to 30, with two local maxima at DP 6 and DP 11. Exhibits an alpha-retaining catalytic mechanism. Does not display alpha-galactosidase or pullulanase activity, since melibiose and pullulan are not substrates. Is not able to catalyze the hydrolysis or transglycosylation of maltoheptaose, suggesting that the TK1436 protein contains neither alpha-amylase nor 4-alpha-glucanotransferase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 57 family.


FUNCTION: Associates with OSMR to form the interleukin-31 receptor which activates STAT3 and to a lower extent STAT1 and STAT5. May function in skin immunity (PubMed:15184896). Mediates IL31-induced itch, probably in a manner dependent on cation channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 (PubMed:24373353). Positively regulates numbers and cycling status of immature subsets of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow in vivo and enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival in vitro (PubMed:17379091). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Presynaptic cell membrane Cell projection, axon. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the key rate-limiting step in the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane. Note=Most of its activity is membrane- associated. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Receptor-like serine/threonine-kinase required during the endosperm development in seeds. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Converts internalized glutamate to GABA and increases the internal pH. Involved in glutamate-dependent acid resistance. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial Rho GTPase family.


FUNCTION: DNA polymerase with very low fidelity that catalyzes considerable misincorporation by inserting dTTP opposite a G template, and dGTP opposite a T template. Is the least accurate of the DNA polymerase A family (i.e. POLG, POLN and POLQ). Can perform accurate translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) past a 5S-thymine glycol. Can perform efficient strand displacement past a nick or a gap and gives rise to an amount of product similar to that on non-damaged template. Has no exonuclease activity. Error-prone DNA polymerase that preferentially misincorporates dT regardless of template sequence. May play a role in TLS during interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair. May be involved in TLS when genomic replication is blocked by extremely large major groove DNA lesions. May function in the bypass of some DNA-protein and DNA-DNA cross-links. May have a role in cellular tolerance to DNA cross-linking agents. Involved in the repair of DNA cross-links and double-strand break (DSB) resistance. Participates in FANCD2-mediated repair. Forms a complex with HELQ helicase that participates in homologous recombination (HR) repair and is essential for cellular protection against DNA cross-links. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-A family.


FUNCTION: CDK-activating kinase that modulates CDKD-2 and CDKD-3 activities by phosphorylation of the T-loop. Activates CDKD-2 C- terminal domain (CTD) kinase activity. Activates CDKA-1 probably by phosphorylation. Posseses a CDK kinase activity independently of association with cyclin CYCH1-1. Phosphorylates the CTD of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.


FUNCTION: Forms water-filled channels that favor the permeation of cations. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall Note=Probably part of the corynemycolate layer which forms a structure similar to the outer membrane found in Gram-negative bacteria. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PorA family.


FUNCTION: Chromatin reader that specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 both trimethylated at 'Lys-4' and asymmetrically dimethylated at 'Arg-8' (H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a) and acts as an activator of Wnt signaling pathway downstream of PRMT2. In case of cancer, promotes cell cancer proliferation via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Overexpression induces metaphase arrest and chromosomal instability. Localizes to active rDNA loci and promotes the expression of rRNA genes. May play a role in cell-cycle regulation during the transition from gamete to embryo. Involved in oocyte meiotic resumption, a process that takes place before ovulation to resume meiosis of oocytes blocked in prophase I: may act by regulating maternal transcripts to control meiotic resumption. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus H124R family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0676 family.


FUNCTION: Mediates a firm binding of versican V2 to hyaluronic acid. May play a pivotal role in the formation of the hyaluronan-associated matrix in the central nervous system (CNS) which facilitates neuronal conduction and general structural stabilization. Binds to hyaluronic acid. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAPLN family.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. The G(i) proteins are involved in hormonal regulation of adenylate cyclase: they inhibit the cyclase in response to beta- adrenergic stimuli. May play a role in cell division. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome. Membrane; Lipid-anchor Note=Localizes in the centrosomes of interphase and mitotic cells. Detected at the cleavage furrow and/or the midbody (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Present in the aqueous fluid surrounding olfactory sensory dendrites and are thought to aid in the capture and transport of hydrophobic odorants into and through this fluid. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PBP/GOBP family.


FUNCTION: Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. Core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. Required for the entry in S phase and for cell division. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome Note=Associated with chromatin before the formation of nuclei and detaches from it as DNA replication progresses. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MCM family.


FUNCTION: This protein binds to 23S rRNA in the presence of protein L20. FUNCTION: This protein binds to 23S rRNA in the presence of protein L20. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL21 family.


FUNCTION: This b-type cytochrome is tightly associated with the reaction center of photosystem II (PSII). PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbE/PsbF family.


FUNCTION: Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide (By similarity). Involved in environmental stress response. Promotes drought stress tolerance and recovery (Ref.10). FUNCTION: Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome Glyoxysome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the catalase family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor (PubMed:26073017). Modulates expression of target genes by binding to regulatory elements (PubMed:26073017). Required for normal cell division timing and cell positioning in anterior lineages, acting in a cell-autonomous manner (PubMed:35660370). Required for development, fusion and fate of cells of the ventral epidermis, the Pn.p cells, during larval development; acts in concert with homeobox genes lin-39 and mab-5 (PubMed:12091304). Required for the specification of the AIY interneuron (PubMed:19386265). In complex with TCF transcription factor pop-1, positively modulates expression of LIM/homeobox protein ttx-3 in anterior daughter cells of the SMDD/AIY neuron lineage (PubMed:19386265, PubMed:26073017). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Note=Localized to nucleus during interphase in cells giving rise to SMDD/AIY neurons, then in cytoplasm just before cell cleavage.


FUNCTION: Contributes to protect fish blood from freezing at subzero sea water temperatures. Lowers the blood freezing point. Binds to nascent ice crystals and prevents further growth. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type-I AFP family.


FUNCTION: Involved in tolerance to aluminum. Regulates the expression of different genes that collectively contribute to the protection of the cell in response to aluminum stress. FUNCTION: May function in gibberellin signaling pathway downstream of GID1 and SLR1. May be involved in the regulation of plant growth in the basal region of leaf sheaths (Probable). Involved in tolerance to aluminum (PubMed:22676236, PubMed:24253199). Regulates the expression of different genes that collectively contribute to the protection of the cell in response to aluminum stress (PubMed:22676236, PubMed:24253199). Binds to the promoter and regulates the expression of target genes involved in aluminum stress response. Binds to the promoter of STAR1 gene, which encodes an ABC transporter required for aluminum tolerance (PubMed:24253199). Involved in drought tolerance. Plays a positive role in response to drought stress response by regulating abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, promoting stomatal closure, and acting as chaperone-like protein that possibly prevents drought stress-related proteins from inactivation (PubMed:27420922). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the abscisic acid and water stress-induced protein family.


FUNCTION: The central subunit of the protein translocation channel SecYE. Consists of two halves formed by TMs 1-5 and 6-10. These two domains form a lateral gate at the front which open onto the bilayer between TMs 2 and 7, and are clamped together by SecE at the back. The channel is closed by both a pore ring composed of hydrophobic SecY resides and a short helix (helix 2A) on the extracellular side of the membrane which forms a plug (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecY/SEC61-alpha family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that probably regulates the expression of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of squalestatin S1 (SQS1, also known as zaragozic acid A), a heavily oxidized fungal polyketide that offers potent cholesterol lowering activity by targeting squalene synthase (SS). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.


FUNCTION: Confers resistance to low temperatures by limiting chloroplast damage and cell death, thus maintaining growth homeostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Can activate or inhibit canonical Wnt signaling, depending on receptor context. Required during embryogenesis for extension of the primary anterior-posterior axis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Wnt family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of complex carboxylic polyesters found in the cell wall of plants (By similarity). Degrades cutin, a macromolecule that forms the structure of the plant cuticle (By similarity). Allows pathogenic fungi to penetrate through the cuticular barrier into the host plant during the initial stage of fungal infection (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cutinase family.


FUNCTION: S100A12 is a calcium-, zinc- and copper-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. Its pro-inflammatory activity involves recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF- kappa-B signaling pathways leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1. Acts as a monocyte and mast cell chemoattractant. Can stimulate mast cell degranulation and activation which generates chemokines, histamine and cytokines inducing further leukocyte recruitment to the sites of inflammation. Can inhibit the activity of matrix metalloproteinases; MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 by chelating Zn(2+) from their active sites (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Note=Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Upon elevation of the intracellular calcium level, translocated from the cytoplasm to the cytoskeleton and the cell membrane. Upon neutrophil activation is secreted via a microtubule- mediated, alternative pathway (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the S-100 family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor which may play a role in oogenesis. Binds preferentially to the DNA sequences 5'-TAATTG-3', 5'-TAGTTG-3' and 5'-TAATTA-3'. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane.


FUNCTION: In the absence of autoinducer 2 (AI-2), represses transcription of the lsrACDBFGE operon and its own transcription. In the presence of AI-2, LsrR is inactivated by binding phospho-AI-2, leading to the transcription of the lsr genes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SorC transcriptional regulatory family.


FUNCTION: Represses the expression of the STM4065-STM4067 operon.


FUNCTION: Part of the Sec protein translocase complex. Interacts with the SecYEG preprotein conducting channel. SecDF uses the proton motive force (PMF) to complete protein translocation after the ATP-dependent function of SecA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SecD/SecF family. SecD subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the myo-inositol oxygenase family.


FUNCTION: A humoral factor that may play a role in stress tolerance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Turandot family.


FUNCTION: Putative transcription activator involved in regulating light control of development. May have a role in controlling flowering time. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=The nuclear localization is independent of the light treatment. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FHY3/FAR1 family.


FUNCTION: A possible function for this protein is to guide the assembly of the membrane sector of the ATPase enzyme complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial AtpI family.


FUNCTION: This protein is one of the nuclear-coded polypeptide chains of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal oxidase in mitochondrial electron transport. This protein may be one of the heme-binding subunits of the oxidase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B (TC 3.D.4.8) family.


FUNCTION: Pseudouridylate synthase that catalyzes pseudouridylation of RNAs (PubMed:28073919, PubMed:29628141, PubMed:30778726, PubMed:31477916, PubMed:35051350, PubMed:34718722). Acts as a regulator of protein synthesis in embryonic stem cells by mediating pseudouridylation of RNA fragments derived from tRNAs (tRFs): pseudouridylated tRFs inhibit translation by targeting the translation initiation complex (PubMed:29628141). Also catalyzes pseudouridylation of mRNAs: mediates pseudouridylation of mRNAs with the consensus sequence 5'-UGUAG-3' (PubMed:28073919, PubMed:31477916, PubMed:35051350). Acts as a regulator of pre-mRNA splicing by mediating pseudouridylation of pre-mRNAs at locations associated with alternatively spliced regions (PubMed:35051350). Pseudouridylation of pre-mRNAs near splice sites directly regulates mRNA splicing and mRNA 3'-end processing (PubMed:35051350). In addition to mRNAs and tRNAs, binds other types of RNAs, such as snRNAs, Y RNAs and vault RNAs, suggesting that it can catalyze pseudouridylation of many RNA types (PubMed:29628141). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruD family.


FUNCTION: May control digestion processes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family.


FUNCTION: This peptide has antibiotic, anti-fungi and antiviral activity. It also inhibits corticotropin (ACTH) stimulated corticosterone production. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0716 (FxsA) family.


FUNCTION: Component of the proteasome core, a large protease complex with broad specificity involved in protein degradation. The H.volcanii alpha1-beta-alpha2 proteasome is able to cleave oligopeptides after Tyr and thus displays chymotrypsin-like activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.


FUNCTION: Binds long-chain acyl-coenzyme A molecules with a strong preference for unsaturated C18:1-CoA. Does not bind fatty acids (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogen catabolism, the phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen to produce glucose-1-phosphate, and plays a central role in maintaining cellular and organismal glucose homeostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.


SIMILARITY: To M.jannaschii MJ1614 and MJ0008.


FUNCTION: Depletes iron from the phagolysosome in an ATP-dependent process. May rather act as a symporter of protons and metal cations in an ATP-dependent process. Nramp1 overexpression protected cells from L.pneumophila infection. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Located at vesicles of variable size, which are distributed all over the cytoplasm, in part clustered at a perinuclear site. Several tiny vesicles travel rapidly outward from and towards the perinuclear cluster. These vesicles are part of the endo- and phagolysosomal pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NRAMP family.


FUNCTION: Participates in the inhibition of the host immune response. Redirects newly synthesized major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chains via the SEC61 translocon to the cytosol where they undergo proteasome-dependent destruction. In consequence, infected cells are masked for immune recognition by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytomegalovirus US6 family.


FUNCTION: G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin- sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins but also to the Gq family (PubMed:12496283, PubMed:12711604, PubMed:23589301). Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. May play a role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the secretion of GLP-1, in response to short-chain fatty acids accumulating in the intestine. May also regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the central nervous system to inhibit food intake. Finally, may also regulate whole-body energy homeostasis through adipogenesis regulating both differentiation and lipid storage of adipocytes. In parallel to its role in energy homeostasis, may also mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune responses by SCFA in the intestine, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines. May also play a role in the resolution of the inflammatory response and control chemotaxis in neutrophils. In addition to SCFAs, may also be activated by the extracellular lectin FCN1 in a process leading to activation of monocytes and inducing the secretion of interleukin-8/IL-8 in response to the presence of microbes (PubMed:21037097). Among SCFAs, the fatty acids containing less than 6 carbons, the most potent activators are probably acetate, propionate and butyrate (PubMed:12496283, PubMed:12711604). Exhibits a SCFA- independent constitutive G protein-coupled receptor activity (PubMed:23066016). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Secreted aspartic endopeptidase that allows assimilation of proteinaceous substrates. The scissile peptide bond is attacked by a nucleophilic water molecule activated by two aspartic residues in the active site. Shows a broad primary substrate specificity. Favors hydrophobic residues at the P1 and P1' positions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate into pyruvate. Seems to play a role in maintaining cellular concentrations of bicarbonate and pyruvate. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate into pyruvate with high efficiency. Is also able to decarboxylate 3- methyloxaloacetate. Seems to play a role in maintaining cellular concentrations of bicarbonate and pyruvate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate lyase family. Oxaloacetate decarboxylase subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Oxaloacetate decarboxylase family.


FUNCTION: Acts upstream of PAK1 to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, adhesion turnover and increase cell migration. Stimulates quiescent cells to reenter the cell cycle. Has no detectable GTPase activity but its high intrinsic guanine nucleotide exchange activity suggests it is constitutively GTP-bound. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor Cell junction, focal adhesion Cell projection, podosome Note=Localizes to podosomes in SRC- transformed cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.


FUNCTION: The spt4-spt5 complex mediates both activation and inhibition of transcription elongation, and plays a role in pre-mRNA processing. This complex seems to be important for the stability of the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery on the chromatin template but not for the inherent ability of this machinery to translocate down the gene (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SPT5 family.


FUNCTION: Dimethylates the guanine residues at position 26 and 27 of one or more tRNAs using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as donor of the methyl groups. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Trm1 family.


FUNCTION: Participates in chain elongation of fatty acids. Catalyzes the reduction of trans-2-enoyl-CoAs of varying chain lengths from 6:1 to 16:1, having maximum activity with 10:1 CoA. Has no 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Peroxisome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.


FUNCTION: Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N- terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue. Also catalyzes N-terminal pyroglutamate formation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation (Potential). FUNCTION: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit M family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NPIP family.


FUNCTION: Putative toxic component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Its cognate antitoxin would be HigA2. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mycobacterial HigB family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits TIFA-mediated TRAF6 activation possibly by inducing a conformational change in TIFA.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell projection, cilium Note=Colocalizes to the motile cilium of mature spermatozoa.


FUNCTION: Cell division protein that is part of the divisome complex and is recruited early to the Z-ring. Probably stimulates Z-ring formation, perhaps through the cross-linking of FtsZ protofilaments. Its function overlaps with FtsA. FUNCTION: Cell division protein that is part of the divisome complex and is recruited early to the Z-ring. Probably stimulates Z-ring formation, perhaps through the cross-linking of FtsZ protofilaments. Its function overlaps with FtsA (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Localizes to the division site, in a FtsZ-dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Localizes to the division site, in a FtsZ-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SepF family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SepF family.


FUNCTION: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity). FUNCTION: Accessory protein for the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor. It modulates CGRP responsiveness in a variety of tissues. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC9 RNA polymerase subunit family.


FUNCTION: Transcription factor that negatively affects seed germination and opposes TCP14 function in the regulation of a specific set of abscisic acid-related genes (PubMed:22155632). The PEAR proteins (e.g. DOF2.4, DOF5.1, DOF3.2, DOF1.1, DOF5.6 and DOF5.3) activate gene expression that promotes radial growth of protophloem sieve elements (PubMed:30626969). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Basic protein with antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines in vitro, as well as antitumor in vivo. It exhibits a ribonuclease-like activity against high molecular weight ribosomal RNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.


FUNCTION: Intracellular orphan receptor that binds numerous drugs and which is highly expressed in various proliferating cells. Corresponds to the sigma-2 receptor, which is thought to play important role in regulating cell survival, morphology and differentiation. May play a role as a regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis. May function as sterol isomerase. May alter the activity of some cytochrome P450 proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Localized at cell membrane and in lysosomes in sterol-depleted cells when expression of endogenous TMEM97 is stimulated. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TMEM97/sigma-2 receptor family.


FUNCTION: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.


FUNCTION: Participates in initiation and elongation during chromosome replication; it exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the helicase family. DnaB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Protein kinase which is essential for spore formation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis with AM fungi and in nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria symbiosis leading to the formation of root nodules. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from fructose-6-phosphate or sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to yield xylulose-5-phosphate and erythrose- 4-phosphate or ribose-5-phosphate, respectively (By similarity). Could act as a stress sensor involved in adaptation process. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transketolase family.


FUNCTION: Assembles the procapsid by joining twelve 12S pre-assembly complex into a T=1 icosahedral particle, called 108S procapsid. Ten proteins D bind each 12S complex, which are formed by three pentamers of F, G, B protein and a H protein. The scaffolding protein is released from the provirion after genome packaging to form the mature virion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the microvirus D protein family.


FUNCTION: Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Intermembrane side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the QWRF family.


FUNCTION: mRNA stabilization factor specific for the 0.95 kb OLI1 mRNA. Also involved in OLI1 ring formation. FUNCTION: mRNA stabilization factor specific for the 0.95 kb OLI1 mRNA. Also involved in OLI1 ring formation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP25 family.


FUNCTION: Main aspartate aminotransferase that couples nitrogen assimilation to aspartate synthesis. Has a weak, but significant, side activity toward kynurenine (Kyn). Oxaloacetate and 2-oxoglutarate, but not pyruvate, serve as amino acceptors, while Asp, Glu and Kyn serve as the best amino donors. Essential for axenic growth and survival of M.tuberculosis in macrophages and in mice. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes an oxidative deamination of predominantly hydrophobic and aromatic L-amino acids, thus producing hydrogen peroxide that may contribute to the diverse toxic effects of this enzyme (PubMed:11248687, PubMed:8080286). Shows high affinity for L- Phe, L-Trp, L-Met, L-Leu, and L-Ile, moderate affinity for L-Arg, L- Asp, and L-His, and very low affinity for L-Gln, L-Lys, and L-Ala (PubMed:8080286). Also shows high activity on L-norleucine (L-2- aminohexanoate), and L-norvaline (L-2-aminopentanoate) and a weak activity on L-ornithine and L-aminobutyric acid (PubMed:8080286). Also exhibits diverse biological activities, such as hemorrhage, hemolysis, edema, apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells or tumor cell lines, and antiparasitic activities, as well as regulation of platelet aggregation (By similarity). Its effect on platelets is controversial, since it either induces aggregation or inhibits agonist-induced aggregation. These different effects are probably due to different experimental conditions (By similarity). A possible explanation of high efficacy it that LAAO may bind to target cells through its sialylated glycan moiety that would bind to sialic acid-binding lectins (siglec) on target cells (PubMed:11453999). This interaction may result in production of locally high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide in or near the binding interface, leading, in turn to oxidative damage of the siglec or another adjacent cell structural elements (PubMed:11453999). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family. FIG1 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the terpene synthase family.


FUNCTION: Molecular chaperone essential for the assembly of standard proteasomes and immunoproteasomes. Degraded after completion of proteasome maturation (By similarity). Mediates the association of 20S preproteasome with the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Nucleus Microsome membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the POMP/UMP1 family.


FUNCTION: In addition to mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, moonlights as a component of mitochondrial ribonuclease P, a complex that cleaves tRNA molecules in their 5'-ends (PubMed:18984158, PubMed:24549042, PubMed:25925575, PubMed:26950678, PubMed:28888424). Together with TRMT10C/MRPP1, forms a subcomplex of the mitochondrial ribonuclease P, named MRPP1-MRPP2 subcomplex, which displays functions that are independent of the ribonuclease P activity (PubMed:23042678, PubMed:29040705). The MRPP1-MRPP2 subcomplex catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine and N(1)-methyladenine at position 9 (m1G9 and m1A9, respectively) in tRNAs; HSD17B10/MRPP2 acting as a non-catalytic subunit (PubMed:23042678, PubMed:25925575, PubMed:28888424). The MRPP1- MRPP2 subcomplex also acts as a tRNA maturation platform: following 5'- end cleavage by the mitochondrial ribonuclease P complex, the MRPP1- MRPP2 subcomplex enhances the efficiency of 3'-processing catalyzed by ELAC2, retains the tRNA product after ELAC2 processing and presents the nascent tRNA to the mitochondrial CCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase TRNT1 enzyme (PubMed:29040705). Associates with mitochondrial DNA complexes at the nucleoids to initiate RNA processing and ribosome assembly. FUNCTION: Mitochondrial dehydrogenase involved in pathways of fatty acid, branched-chain amino acid and steroid metabolism (PubMed:9553139, PubMed:10600649, PubMed:12917011, PubMed:20077426, PubMed:18996107, PubMed:19706438, PubMed:25925575, PubMed:26950678, PubMed:28888424). Acts as (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, a major degradation pathway of fatty acids. Catalyzes the third step in the beta-oxidation cycle, namely the reversible conversion of (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to 3-ketoacyl-CoA. Preferentially accepts straight medium- and short-chain acyl-CoA substrates with highest efficiency for (3S)-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA (PubMed:9553139, PubMed:10600649, PubMed:12917011, PubMed:25925575, PubMed:26950678). Acts as 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase in branched-chain amino acid catabolic pathway. Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-hydroxy-2- methylbutanoyl-CoA into 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoyl-CoA, a step in isoleucine degradation pathway (PubMed:20077426, PubMed:18996107, PubMed:19706438). Has hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity toward steroid hormones and bile acids. Catalyzes the oxidation of 3alpha-, 17beta-, 20beta- and 21-hydroxysteroids and 7alpha- and 7beta-hydroxy bile acids (PubMed:10600649, PubMed:12917011). Oxidizes allopregnanolone/brexanolone at the 3alpha-hydroxyl group, which is known to be critical for the activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) chloride channel (PubMed:19706438, PubMed:28888424). Has phospholipase C-like activity toward cardiolipin and its oxidized species. Likely oxidizes the 2'-hydroxyl in the head group of cardiolipin to form a ketone intermediate that undergoes nucleophilic attack by water and fragments into diacylglycerol, dihydroxyacetone and orthophosphate. Has higher affinity for cardiolipin with oxidized fatty acids and may degrade these species during the oxidative stress response to protect cells from apoptosis (PubMed:26338420). By interacting with intracellular amyloid-beta, it may contribute to the neuronal dysfunction associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) (PubMed:9338779). Essential for structural and functional integrity of mitochondria (PubMed:20077426). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPP1R37 family.


FUNCTION: GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ADP ribosylation factor (ARF). Involved in protein trafficking by controlling ARF1 activity; may participate in COPI vesicle formation at the Golgi complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus.


FUNCTION: Cytokine with antiviral, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. Plays a critical role in the antiviral host defense, predominantly in the epithelial tissues. Acts as a ligand for the heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor composed of IL10RB and IFNLR1, and receptor engagement leads to the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway resulting in the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which mediate the antiviral state. Has a restricted receptor distribution and therefore restricted targets: is primarily active in epithelial cells and this cell type-selective action is because of the epithelial cell-specific expression of its receptor IFNLR1. Seems not to be essential for early virus-activated host defense in vaginal infection, but plays an important role in Toll-like receptor (TLR)- induced antiviral defense. Plays a significant role in the antiviral immune defense in the intestinal epithelium. Exerts an immunomodulatory effect by up-regulating MHC class I antigen expression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lambda interferon family.


FUNCTION: Involved in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. Seems to both prevent the formation of 7-pterins and accelerate the formation of quinonoid-BH2. May also have a positive regulatory role in the expression of phhA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Poxviruses subfamily.


FUNCTION: Core component of the MITRAC (mitochondrial translation regulation assembly intermediate of cytochrome c oxidase complex) complex, that regulates cytochrome c oxidase assembly. Requires for coordination of the early steps of cytochrome c oxidase assembly with the synthesis of MT-CO1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein.