FUNCTION: Essential cell division protein that forms a contractile ring structure (Z ring) at the future cell division site. The regulation of the ring assembly controls the timing and the location of cell division. One of the functions of the FtsZ ring is to recruit other cell division proteins to the septum to produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells. Binds GTP and shows GTPase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Assembles at midcell at the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsZ family.


FUNCTION: Alpha toxins bind voltage-independently at site-3 of sodium channels (Nav) and inhibit the inactivation of the activated channels, thereby blocking neuronal transmission. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the long (4 C-C) scorpion toxin superfamily. Sodium channel inhibitor family. Alpha subfamily.


FUNCTION: Regulates membrane-cell wall junctions and localized cell wall deposition. Required for establishment of the Casparian strip membrane domain (CSD) and the subsequent formation of Casparian strips, a cell wall modification of the root endodermis that determines an apoplastic barrier between the intraorganismal apoplasm and the extraorganismal apoplasm and prevents lateral diffusion (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Very restricted localization following a belt shape within the plasma membrane which coincides with the position of the Casparian strip membrane domain in the root endodermis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Casparian strip membrane proteins (CASP) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of the L-Ara4N moiety of the glycolipid undecaprenyl phosphate-alpha-L-Ara4N to lipid A. The modified arabinose is attached to lipid A and is required for resistance to polymyxin and cationic antimicrobial peptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 83 family.


FUNCTION: Putative transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35E subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in viral RNA transcription and replication by forming the heterotrimeric polymerase complex together with PB1 and PB2 subunits. The complex transcribes viral mRNAs by using a unique mechanism called cap-snatching. It consists in the hijacking and cleavage of host capped pre-mRNAs. These short capped RNAs are then used as primers for viral mRNAs. The PB2 subunit is responsible for the binding of the 5' cap of cellular pre-mRNAs which are subsequently cleaved after 10-13 nucleotides by the PA subunit that carries the endonuclease activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host nucleus Note=PB1 and PA are transported in the host nucleus as a complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses PA family.


FUNCTION: Metallothioneins have a high content of cysteine residues that bind various heavy metals. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 15 family.


FUNCTION: Converts N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate (ManNAc-6-P) to N- acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NanE family.


FUNCTION: Divalent metal cation transporter which exports Zn(2+), Cd(2+) and possibly Fe(2+). May be involved in zinc and iron detoxification by efflux. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. FieF subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes with equal efficiency cytidine or uridine to ribose and cytosine or uracil, respectively. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IUNH family. RihA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases. Has a preference for oxidized purines, such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand. Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPG family.


FUNCTION: Part of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or Kdp) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the electrogenic transport of potassium into the cytoplasm. This subunit acts as a catalytic chaperone that increases the ATP-binding affinity of the ATP-hydrolyzing subunit KdpB by the formation of a transient KdpB/KdpC/ATP ternary complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KdpC family.


FUNCTION: Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. While most salt water fish species use retinal as chromophore, most freshwater fish use 3-dehydroretinal, or a mixture of retinal and 3-dehydroretinal (By similarity). Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change that activates signaling via G-proteins. Subsequent receptor phosphorylation mediates displacement of the bound G-protein alpha subunit by arrestin and terminates signaling (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment Note=Synthesized in the inner segment (IS) of rod photoreceptor cells before vectorial transport to disk membranes in the rod outer segment (OS) photosensory cilia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.


FUNCTION: Growth hormone plays an important role in growth control and is involved in the regulation of several anabolic processes. Implicated as an osmoregulatory substance important for seawater adaptation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.


FUNCTION: Probably mediates the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. PCD1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Specifically methylates the adenine in position 37 of tRNA(1)(Val) (anticodon cmo5UAC). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. tRNA (adenine-N(6)-)-methyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The V-type beta chain is a regulatory subunit. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of ATP and 5-phosphoribose 1- diphosphate to form N'-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-ATP (PR-ATP). Has a crucial role in the pathway because the rate of histidine biosynthesis seems to be controlled primarily by regulation of HisG enzymatic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP phosphoribosyltransferase family. Long subfamily.


FUNCTION: Nitrate reductase is a key enzyme involved in the first step of nitrate assimilation in plants, fungi and bacteria. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nitrate reductase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the citrate synthase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the dark-operative protochlorophyllide reductase (DPOR) that uses Mg-ATP and reduced ferredoxin to reduce ring D of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to form chlorophyllide a (Chlide). This reaction is light-independent. The NB-protein (BchN-BchB) is the catalytic component of the complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ChlB/BchB/BchZ family.


FUNCTION: Component of the sulfite reductase complex that catalyzes the 6-electron reduction of sulfite to sulfide. This is one of several activities required for the biosynthesis of L-cysteine from sulfate. The flavoprotein component catalyzes the electron flow from NADPH -> FAD -> FMN to the hemoprotein component. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NADPH-dependent sulphite reductase flavoprotein subunit CysJ family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. This subunit may bind ubiquinone (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Short-chain subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MCM family.


FUNCTION: Aquaporins facilitate the transport of water and small neutral solutes across cell membranes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Tonoplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family. TIP (TC 1.A.8.10) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NadC/ModD family.


FUNCTION: Sequence-specific endonuclease that cleaves unmethylated GATC sequences. It is involved in DNA mismatch repair. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MutH family.


FUNCTION: Type I collagen is a member of group I collagen (fibrillar forming collagen). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Secreted, extracellular space. Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.


FUNCTION: Thiolesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-lactoyl- glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family.


FUNCTION: Synthesis and degradation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0434 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family.


FUNCTION: Essential for biosynthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. Essential for polyamine homeostasis, and normal plant embryogenesis, growth and development. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a processive, ATP-dependent zinc metallopeptidase for both cytoplasmic and membrane proteins. Plays a role in the quality control of integral membrane proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M41 family. SIMILARITY: In the central section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family.


FUNCTION: Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAL/histidase family.


FUNCTION: Counteracts the innate antiviral activity of host APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G. Forms a complex with host APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G thus preventing the entry of these lethally hypermutating enzymes into progeny virions. Recruits an active E3 ubiquitin ligase complex composed of elongin BC, CUL5, and RBX2 to induce polyubiquitination of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F. In turn, they are directed to the 26S proteasome for degradation. Vif interaction with APOBEC3G also blocks its cytidine deaminase activity in a proteasome-independent manner, suggesting a dual inhibitory mechanism. May interact directly with APOBEC3G mRNA in order to inhibit its translation. Seems to play a role in viral morphology by affecting the stability of the viral nucleoprotein core. Finally, Vif also contributes to the G2 cell cycle arrest observed in HIV infected cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Virion Note=In the cytoplasm, seems to colocalize with intermediate filament vimentin. A fraction is associated with the cytoplasmic side of cellular membranes, presumably via the interaction with Pr55Gag precursor. Incorporated in virions at a ratio of approximately 7 to 20 molecules per virion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the primate lentivirus group Vif protein family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in environmental stress response.


FUNCTION: Mediates the interaction of DNA replication initiator protein DnaA with DNA polymerase subunit beta sliding clamp (dnaN). Stimulates hydrolysis of ATP-DnaA to ADP-DnaA, rendering DnaA inactive for reinitiation, a process called regulatory inhibition of DnaA or RIDA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DnaA family. HdA subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MQO family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pantothenate (Pan), the first step in CoA biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the type II pantothenate kinase family.


FUNCTION: Involved in iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly. May act as a regulator of Fe-S biogenesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frataxin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two- step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. TyrS type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of GTP to 2,5-diamino-6- ribosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate (DARP), formate and pyrophosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase II family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0210 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0416 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GAGE family.


FUNCTION: Component of the tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase GatYZ that is required for full activity and stability of the Y subunit. Could have a chaperone-like function for the proper and stable folding of GatY. When expressed alone, GatZ does not show any aldolase activity. Is involved in the catabolism of galactitol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GatZ/KbaZ family. GatZ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex HmuTUV involved in hemin import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Heme (hemin) importer (TC 3.A.1.14.5) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the aldol cleavage of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2- oxoglutarate (HMG) into 2 molecules of pyruvate. Also contains a secondary oxaloacetate (OAA) decarboxylase activity due to the common pyruvate enolate transition state formed following C-C bond cleavage in the retro-aldol and decarboxylation reactions (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class II aldolase/RraA-like family.


FUNCTION: Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu- tRNA(Gln). The GatDE system is specific for glutamate and does not act on aspartate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asparaginase 1 family. GatD subfamily.


FUNCTION: One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.


FUNCTION: Promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP in EF-1-alpha/GDP, thus allowing the regeneration of EF-1-alpha/GTP that could then be used to form the ternary complex EF-1-alpha/GTP/AAtRNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.


FUNCTION: Required during biogenesis of c-type cytochromes (cytochrome c6 and cytochrome f) at the step of heme attachment. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family.


FUNCTION: The heterodimer glycoprotein H-glycoprotein L is required for the fusion of viral and plasma membranes leading to virus entry into the host cell. Following initial binding to host receptor, membrane fusion is mediated by the fusion machinery composed of gB and the heterodimer gH/gL. May also be involved in the fusion between the virion envelope and the outer nuclear membrane during virion morphogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host endosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=During virion morphogenesis, this protein probably accumulates in the endosomes and trans-Golgi where secondary envelopment occurs. It is probably transported to the cell surface from where it is endocytosed and directed to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae glycoprotein H family.


FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H3 family.


FUNCTION: Key component of the F(0) channel; it plays a direct role in translocation across the membrane. A homomeric c-ring of between 10-14 subunits forms the central stalk rotor element with the F(1) delta and epsilon subunits. FUNCTION: F(1)F(0) ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton or sodium gradient. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase C chain family.


FUNCTION: This protein specifically catalyzes the removal of signal peptides from prolipoproteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase A8 family.


FUNCTION: Required for maturation of ribosomal RNAs and formation of the large ribosomal subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus Nucleus, nucleoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in virus cell tropism, and may be required for efficient virus replication in macrophages. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the asfivirus MGF 360 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, nucleoid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the YejK family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxy benzoate to 2-octaprenylphenol, an intermediate step in ubiquinone biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UbiD family.


FUNCTION: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family.


FUNCTION: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to tetrahydrodipicolinate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family. DapH subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plasma membrane osmosensor that activates the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK signaling pathway in response to high osmolarity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHO1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in DNA recombination. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RmuC family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Sigma family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the cleavage of 5-oxoproline to form L-glutamate coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LamB/PxpA family.


FUNCTION: Plays an essential role in transcription initiation and cap- stealing mechanism, in which cellular capped pre-mRNAs are used to generate primers for viral transcription. Recognizes and binds the 7- methylguanosine-containing cap of the target pre-RNA which is subsequently cleaved after 10-13 nucleotides by the viral protein PA. Plays a role in the initiation of the viral genome replication and modulates the activity of the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex. In addition, participates in the inhibition of type I interferon induction through interaction with and inhibition of the host mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein MAVS. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host nucleus Host mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses PB2 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the proteasome core, a large protease complex with broad specificity involved in protein degradation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dehydration of inosose (2-keto-myo-inositol, 2KMI or 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone) to 3D-(3,5/4)- trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione (D-2,3-diketo-4-deoxy-epi-inositol). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IolE/MocC family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of the two carboxylate groups at positions a and c of hydrogenobyrinate, using either L- glutamine or ammonia as the nitrogen source. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CobB/CbiA family.


FUNCTION: Trims short 3' overhangs of a variety of RNA species, leaving a one or two nucleotide 3' overhang. Responsible for the end-turnover of tRNA: specifically removes the terminal AMP residue from uncharged tRNA (tRNA-C-C-A). Also appears to be involved in tRNA biosynthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RNase T family.


FUNCTION: Essential cell division protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Note=Localizes to the division septum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsQ/DivIB family. FtsQ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Key component of the proton channel; it may play a direct role in the translocation of protons across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase A chain family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0282 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UQCRB/QCR7 family.


FUNCTION: Divisome component that associates with the complex late in its assembly, after the Z-ring is formed, and is dependent on DivIC and PBP2B for its recruitment to the divisome. Together with EzrA, is a key component of the system that regulates PBP1 localization during cell cycle progression. Its main role could be the removal of PBP1 from the cell pole after pole maturation is completed. Also contributes to the recruitment of PBP1 to the division complex. Not essential for septum formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Shuttles between the lateral wall and the division site in a cell cycle-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GpsB family.


FUNCTION: Potential transcriptional regulator that is required to activate expression of a number of early meiotic genes including HOP1.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome f family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the post-transcriptional modification of the uridine at the wobble position (U34) of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Catalyzes the conversion of 2-thiouridine (S2U-RNA) to 2- selenouridine (Se2U-RNA). Acts in a two-step process involving geranylation of 2-thiouridine (S2U) to S-geranyl-2-thiouridine (geS2U) and subsequent selenation of the latter derivative to 2-selenouridine (Se2U) in the tRNA chain. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SelU family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2/4 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Together with GET2, acts as a membrane receptor for soluble GET3, which recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. The GET complex cooperates with the HDEL receptor ERD2 to mediate the ATP- dependent retrieval of resident ER proteins that contain a C-terminal H-D-E-L retention signal from the Golgi to the ER. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WRB/GET1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Regulatory factor in the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway that controls the turnover of proteasome substrates. Targets proteasomes to the nucleus and facilitates the degradation of nuclear proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cut8/STS1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the TCA cycle. Catalyzes the stereospecific interconversion of fumarate to L-malate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II fumarase/aspartase family. Fumarase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'- 3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. Binds the unpaired 3'-DNA end and kinks the DNA to facilitate 5' cleavage specificity. Cleaves one nucleotide into the double-stranded DNA from the junction in flap DNA, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of SCF(ASK-cullin-F-box) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which may mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Converts seryl-tRNA(Sec) to selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) required for selenoprotein biosynthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SelA family.


FUNCTION: Phosphotransfer between the C1 and C5 carbon atoms of pentose. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphopentomutase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of beta-pyran and beta-furan forms of D-ribose. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RbsD / FucU family. RbsD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes dipeptides containing N-terminal aspartate residues. May play a role in allowing the cell to use peptide aspartate to spare carbon otherwise required for the synthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S51 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ninE family.


FUNCTION: PLA2 catalyzes the calcium-dependent hydrolysis of the 2-acyl groups in 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family. Group I subfamily. D49 sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: V region of the variable domain of immunoglobulin heavy chains that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447). Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes. In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins- secreting plasma cells. Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268). The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain. Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen. The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:17576170). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Cell membrane.


FUNCTION: Modifies, by uridylylation and deuridylylation, the PII regulatory proteins (GlnB and homologs), in response to the nitrogen status of the cell that GlnD senses through the glutamine level. Under low glutamine levels, catalyzes the conversion of the PII proteins and UTP to PII-UMP and PPi, while under higher glutamine levels, GlnD hydrolyzes PII-UMP to PII and UMP (deuridylylation). Thus, controls uridylylation state and activity of the PII proteins, and plays an important role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation and metabolism. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GlnD family.


FUNCTION: Probable disease resistance protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the disease resistance NB-LRR family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.


FUNCTION: Covalent carrier of the coenzyme of citrate lyase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CitD family.


FUNCTION: Multifunctional protein that plays a role in silencing host antiviral defenses and promoting viral transcription. Does not seem to be essential for HBV infection. May be directly involved in development of cirrhosis and liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma). Most of cytosolic activities involve modulation of cytosolic calcium. The effect on apoptosis is controversial depending on the cell types in which the studies have been conducted. May induce apoptosis by localizing in mitochondria and causing loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. May also modulate apoptosis by binding host CFLAR, a key regulator of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Promotes viral transcription by using the host E3 ubiquitin ligase DDB1 to target the SMC5-SMC6 complex to proteasomal degradation. This host complex would otherwise bind to viral episomal DNA, and prevents its transcription. Moderately stimulates transcription of many different viral and cellular transcription elements. Promoters and enhancers stimulated by HBx contain DNA binding sites for NF-kappa-B, AP-1, AP-2, c-EBP, ATF/CREB, or the calcium-activated factor NF-AT. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm Host nucleus Host mitochondrion Note=Mainly cytoplasmic as only a fraction is detected in the nucleus. In cytoplasm, a minor fraction associates with mitochondria or proteasomes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the orthohepadnavirus protein X family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thymidine kinase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.


FUNCTION: Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The gamma chain is believed to be important in regulating ATPase activity and the flow of protons through the CF(0) complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.


FUNCTION: Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SEC6 family.


FUNCTION: Inactive carboxypeptidase that may play a role in cell wall organization and biogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Vacuole Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.


FUNCTION: Plays role in broad-spectrum disease resistance. Probably has no oxalate oxidase activity even if the active site is conserved. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space, apoplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the germin family.


FUNCTION: The physiological role of BioH is to remove the methyl group introduced by BioC when the pimeloyl moiety is complete. It allows to synthesize pimeloyl-ACP via the fatty acid synthetic pathway through the hydrolysis of the ester bonds of pimeloyl-ACP esters. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Carboxylesterase BioH family.


FUNCTION: Cleaves peptides in various proteins in a process that requires ATP hydrolysis. Has a chymotrypsin-like activity. Plays a major role in the degradation of misfolded proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast stroma. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S14 family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of the outer membrane protein assembly complex, which is involved in assembly and insertion of beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BamC family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the dGTPase family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Antioxidant protein with alkyl hydroperoxidase activity. Required for the reduction of the AhpC active site cysteine residues and for the regeneration of the AhpC enzyme activity. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AhpD family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the yippee family.


FUNCTION: Co-chaperone involved in the maturation of iron-sulfur cluster-containing proteins. Seems to help targeting proteins to be folded toward HscA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HscB family.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the enolization of 2,3- diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P) into the intermediate 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate (HK- MTPenyl-1-P), which is then dephosphorylated to form the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. MasA/MtnC family.


FUNCTION: Also exhibits in vitro acyl transferase activity, transferring the acyl moiety of short-chain amides to hydroxylamine to form hydroxamates. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of short-chain aliphatic amides to their corresponding organic acids with release of ammonia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase superfamily. Aliphatic amidase family.


FUNCTION: Ring cyclization and eight-electron oxidation of 3a-(2-amino- 2-carboxyethyl)-4,5-dioxo-4,5,6,7,8,9-hexahydroquinoline-7,9- dicarboxylic-acid to PQQ. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PqqC family.


FUNCTION: Activates ribosomal RNA transcription. Plays a direct role in upstream activation of rRNA promoters. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transcriptional regulatory Fis family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton- dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.


FUNCTION: Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Required to direct preproteins in transit and direct them to the channel protein TIM23, and possibly facilitates transfer of the translocating proteins from the TOM complex to the TIM23 complex (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TIM50 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the irreversible NADPH-dependent deamination of GMP to IMP. It functions in the conversion of nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives of G to A nucleotides, and in maintaining the intracellular balance of A and G nucleotides. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family. GuaC type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: ATP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family. ATP-specific subunit beta subfamily.


FUNCTION: Essential component of the helicase/primase complex. Unwinds the DNA at the replication forks and generates single-stranded DNA for both leading and lagging strand synthesis. The primase initiates primer synthesis and thereby produces large amount of short RNA primers on the lagging strand that the polymerase elongates using dNTPs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus Note=Requires the presence of the primase associated factor to properly localize in the host cell nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the herpesviridae DNA primase family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be ubiquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Psb28 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: PsaA and PsaB bind P700, the primary electron donor of photosystem I (PSI), as well as the electron acceptors A0, A1 and FX. PSI is a plastocyanin-ferredoxin oxidoreductase, converting photonic excitation into a charge separation, which transfers an electron from the donor P700 chlorophyll pair to the spectroscopically characterized acceptors A0, A1, FX, FA and FB in turn. Oxidized P700 is reduced on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane by plastocyanin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaA/PsaB family.


FUNCTION: Cell division protein that is part of the divisome complex and is recruited early to the Z-ring. Probably stimulates Z-ring formation, perhaps through the cross-linking of FtsZ protofilaments. Its function overlaps with FtsA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Localizes to the division site, in a FtsZ-dependent manner. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SepF family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the metabolism of insect hormones and in the breakdown of synthetic insecticides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Conversion of glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone. Uses fumarate or nitrate as electron acceptor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anaerobic G-3-P dehydrogenase subunit B family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reduction of 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (KDS) to dihydrosphingosine (DHS). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.


FUNCTION: Methylates large ribosomal subunit protein uL3 on a specific glutamine residue. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein N5-glutamine methyltransferase family. PrmB subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine permeases (TC 2.A.7.14) family.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes the pyrophosphate bond of UDP-2,3- diacylglucosamine to yield 2,3-diacylglucosamine 1-phosphate (lipid X) and UMP by catalyzing the attack of water at the alpha-P atom. Involved in the biosynthesis of lipid A, a phosphorylated glycolipid that anchors the lipopolysaccharide to the outer membrane of the cell. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LpxH family.


FUNCTION: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation (By similarity). Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance (By similarity). Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6 (By similarity). Promotes osteoclastogenesis and therefore mediates bone resorption (By similarity). FUNCTION: The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 2]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form]: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [C-domain 1]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.


FUNCTION: Involved in cell shape control. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CetZ family.


FUNCTION: Minor protein of the capsid that localizes along the inner surface of the virion, within the central cavities beneath the L1 pentamers. Plays a role in capsid stabilization through interaction with the major capsid protein L1. Once the virion enters the host cell, L2 escorts the genomic DNA into the nucleus by promoting escape from the endosomal compartments and traffic through the host Golgi network. Mechanistically, the C-terminus of L2 possesses a cell-penetrating peptide that protudes from the host endosome, interacts with host cytoplasmic retromer cargo and thereby mediates the capsid delivery to the host trans-Golgi network. Plays a role through its interaction with host dynein in the intracellular microtubule-dependent transport of viral capsid toward the nucleus. Mediates the viral genome import into the nucleus through binding to host importins. Once within the nucleus, L2 localizes viral genomes to host PML bodies in order to activate early gene expression for establishment of infection. Later on, promotes late gene expression by interacting with the viral E2 protein and by inhibiting its transcriptional activation functions. During virion assembly, encapsidates the genome by direct interaction with the viral DNA. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host nucleus Host early endosome Host Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the papillomaviridae L2 protein family.


FUNCTION: One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbB/PsbC family. PsbC subfamily.


FUNCTION: DNA ligase that seals nicks in double-stranded DNA during DNA replication, DNA recombination and DNA repair. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. This is a prerequisite for the S-specific NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase to allow the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NnrE/AIBP family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of valine to tRNA(Val). As ValRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as threonine, to avoid such errors, it has a 'posttransfer' editing activity that hydrolyzes mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) in a tRNA- dependent manner. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. ValS type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Participates in chromosomal partition during cell division. May act via the formation of a condensin-like complex containing Smc and ScpB that pull DNA away from mid-cell into both cell halves. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Associated with two foci at the outer edges of the nucleoid region in young cells, and at four foci within both cell halves in older cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ScpA family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin O1 superfamily.


FUNCTION: Chaperone involved in the maturation of iron-sulfur cluster- containing proteins. Has a low intrinsic ATPase activity which is markedly stimulated by HscB. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the tripartite efflux system MacAB-TolC. MacB is a non-canonical ABC transporter that contains transmembrane domains (TMD), which form a pore in the inner membrane, and an ATP-binding domain (NBD), which is responsible for energy generation. Confers resistance against macrolides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Macrolide exporter (TC 3.A.1.122) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CitG/MdcB family.


FUNCTION: Specifically methylates the guanine in position 1207 of 16S rRNA in the 30S particle. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RsmC family.


FUNCTION: Provides the cells with the ability to utilize trehalose at high osmolarity by splitting it into glucose molecules that can subsequently be taken up by the phosphotransferase-mediated uptake system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 37 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL36 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to carboxy-S-adenosyl-L-methionine (Cx-SAM). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cx-SAM synthase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of methylthioribose-1-phosphate (MTR-1-P) into methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. MtnA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of pantoate with beta-alanine in an ATP-dependent reaction via a pantoyl-adenylate intermediate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pantothenate synthetase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Cytoplasm Rough endoplasmic reticulum Note=Detected on cytosolic polysomes (By similarity). Detected in ribosomes that are associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in nucleolar integrity and required for processing of the pre-rRNA for the 60S ribosome subunit. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CGR1 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in the modulation of host immune response. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses PA-X family.


FUNCTION: Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. MDM12 is required for the interaction of the ER-resident membrane protein MMM1 and the outer mitochondrial membrane-resident beta-barrel protein MDM10. The MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex functions in the major beta-barrel assembly pathway that is responsible for biogenesis of all mitochondrial outer membrane beta-barrel proteins, and acts in a late step after the SAM complex. The MDM10-MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex further acts in the TOM40-specific pathway after the action of the MDM12-MMM1 complex. Essential for establishing and maintaining the structure of mitochondria and maintenance of mtDNA nucleoids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The ERMES/MDM complex localizes to a few discrete foci (around 10 per single cell), that represent mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum junctions. These foci are often found next to mtDNA nucleoids. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MDM12 family.


FUNCTION: The enzymes which catalyze the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidine nucleosides are involved in the degradation of these compounds and in their utilization as carbon and energy sources, or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thymidine/pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase family.


FUNCTION: Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transaldolase family. Type 3B subfamily.


FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the reactions from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to phytoene (phytoene synthase) and lycopene to beta-carotene via the intermediate gamma-carotene (lycopene cyclase). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family. SIMILARITY: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the lycopene beta- cyclase family.


FUNCTION: Secreted effector that contributes moderately to virulence during infection by P.capsici. Does not cause visible reaction of C.annuum for several days after inoculation, but by 7 days after inoculation, small necrotic lesions become visible. Leads only to chlorotic areas, without necrosis at 7 days after non-host N.benthamiana leaves infection. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Necrosis inducing protein (NPP1) family.


FUNCTION: Participates in the second step of pre-mRNA splicing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus speckle Note=Colocalizes with spliceosomal snRNPs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRP18 family.


FUNCTION: H(+)-stimulated, divalent metal cation uptake system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NRAMP family.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome f family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP). Confers resistance to bacitracin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UppP family.


FUNCTION: Secreted effector that partially suppresses the host cell death induced by cell death-inducing proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Host nucleus Host cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RxLR effector family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant dehydrin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible phosphorolytic breakdown of the N- glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1- phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PNP/UDP phosphorylase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of proline to tRNA(Pro) in a two- step reaction: proline is first activated by ATP to form Pro-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Pro). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. ProS type 3 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in peptidoglycan recycling by cleaving the terminal beta-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from peptide- linked peptidoglycan fragments, giving rise to free GlcNAc, anhydro-N- acetylmuramic acid and anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid-linked peptides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family. NagZ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of epoxyqueuosine (oQ) to queuosine (Q), which is a hypermodified base found in the wobble positions of tRNA(Asp), tRNA(Asn), tRNA(His) and tRNA(Tyr). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the QueG family.


FUNCTION: Oxidative deamination of D-amino acids. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DadA oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Required during biogenesis of c-type cytochromes (cytochrome c6 and cytochrome f) at the step of heme attachment. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Ccs1/CcsB family.


FUNCTION: The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrA is an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 UvrA and 2 UvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. When the presence of a lesion has been verified by UvrB, the UvrA molecules dissociate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. UvrA family.


FUNCTION: Antimicrobial peptide. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Short antimicrobial peptide (group 4) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the condensation of iminoaspartate with dihydroxyacetone phosphate to form quinolinate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the quinolinate synthase family. Type 2 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0756 family.


FUNCTION: ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in transcription elongation and required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus. SUB2 also plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and spliceosome assembly. May be involved in rDNA and telomeric silencing, and maintenance of genome integrity (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DECD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Increases the formation of ribosomal termination complexes and stimulates activities of RF-1 and RF-2. It binds guanine nucleotides and has strong preference for UGA stop codons. It may interact directly with the ribosome. The stimulation of RF-1 and RF-2 is significantly reduced by GTP and GDP, but not by GMP. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. PrfC subfamily.


FUNCTION: Glycosyltransferase that catalyze the transfer of GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to the GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3 arm of the core structure of N-linked glycans through a beta1-4 linkage and participates in the production of tri- and tetra-antennary N-linked sugar chains (By similarity). Involved in glucose transport by mediating SLC2A2/GLUT2 glycosylation, thereby controlling cell-surface expression of SLC2A2 in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N- acetylglucosaminyltransferase A soluble form]: Secreted. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 54 family.


FUNCTION: Binds the 3'-UTR of mitochondrial mRNAs. Involved in the processing or stability of mitochondrial mRNAs. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RMD9 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.


FUNCTION: Binds to muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and inhibit acetylcholine from binding to the receptor, thereby impairing neuromuscular transmission. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Short-chain subfamily. Type I alpha-neurotoxin sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the dark-operative protochlorophyllide reductase (DPOR) that uses Mg-ATP and reduced ferredoxin to reduce ring D of protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to form chlorophyllide a (Chlide). This reaction is light-independent. The NB-protein (ChlN-ChlB) is the catalytic component of the complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BchN/ChlN family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.


FUNCTION: Serves as a reserve supply of oxygen and facilitates the movement of oxygen within muscles. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the globin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the irreversible cleavage of the glycosidic bond in both 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH/AdoHcy) to adenine and the corresponding thioribose, 5'- methylthioribose and S-ribosylhomocysteine, respectively. Also cleaves 5'-deoxyadenosine, a toxic by-product of radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes, into 5-deoxyribose and adenine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PNP/UDP phosphorylase family. MtnN subfamily.


FUNCTION: May play a role in photosystem I and II biogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbN family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family.


FUNCTION: Could be involved in insertion of integral membrane proteins into the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0161 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0223 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of a geranylgeranyl moiety from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to both cysteines of Rab proteins with the C-terminal sequence -XXCC, -XCXC and -CCXX, such as RAB1A, RAB3A, RAB5A and RAB7A. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit alpha family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0181 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the irreversible cleavage of the glycosidic bond in both 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH/AdoHcy) to adenine and the corresponding thioribose, 5'- methylthioribose and S-ribosylhomocysteine, respectively. Also cleaves 5'-deoxyadenosine, a toxic by-product of radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzymes, into 5-deoxyribose and adenine. Thus, is required for in vivo function of the radical SAM enzymes biotin synthase and lipoic acid synthase, that are inhibited by 5'-deoxyadenosine accumulation. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PNP/UDP phosphorylase family. MtnN subfamily.


FUNCTION: Na(+)/H(+) antiporter that extrudes sodium in exchange for external protons. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NhaB Na(+)/H(+) (TC 2.A.34) antiporter family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May help in the organization of the PsaE and PsaF subunits. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsaJ family.


FUNCTION: Translocates 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose-phosphoundecaprenol (alpha-L-Ara4N-phosphoundecaprenol) from the cytoplasmic to the periplasmic side of the inner membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ArnE family.


FUNCTION: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5- phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. DeoC type 2 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0449 family.


FUNCTION: Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in mitochondrial tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. Involved in mitochondrial genome maintenance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KAE1 / TsaD family.


FUNCTION: Specific in hydrolyzing the terminal glycosidic bond of polygalacturonic acid and oligogalacturonates. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in microtubule organization and stabilization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Nucleus Cytoplasm Cleavage furrow Note=Cell-cycle-dependent association with the centrosome. Colocalizes with a subpopulation of microtubules. Does not associate with microtubules during mitosis but reassociates with microtubules during cytokinesis. Localizes to the central portions of a small subset of microtubules in interphase cells and a subpopulation of microtubules in the cleavage furrow, not present in the mitotic spindle (By similarity).


FUNCTION: One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII), required for its stability and/or assembly. PSII is a light- driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase that uses light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. It consists of a core antenna complex that captures photons, and an electron transfer chain that converts photonic excitation into a charge separation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbH family.


FUNCTION: Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 10 (cellulase F) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of N(4)-acetylcytidine (ac(4)C) at the wobble position of elongator tRNA(Met), using acetate and ATP as substrates. First activates an acetate ion to form acetyladenylate (Ac- AMP) and then transfers the acetyl group to tRNA to form ac(4)C34. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TmcAL family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ViaA family.


FUNCTION: Prenyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of the geranylgeranyl moiety of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the C2 hydroxyl of (S)-3-O-geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate (GGGP). This reaction is the second ether-bond-formation step in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. DGGGP synthase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 22 family.


FUNCTION: Fluoride-specific ion channel. Important for reducing fluoride concentration in the cell, thus reducing its toxicity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fluoride channel Fluc/FEX (TC 1.A.43) family.


FUNCTION: Required for maturation of urease via the functional incorporation of the urease nickel metallocenter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UreF family.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome b family. PetB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Low-potential electron donor to a number of redox enzymes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the flavodoxin family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3- phosphoglycerate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase family. A-PGAM subfamily.


FUNCTION: Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GPN-loop GTPase family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for the introduction of cis unsaturation into fatty acids. Catalyzes the dehydration of (3R)-3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP to E- (2)-decenoyl-ACP and then its isomerization to Z-(3)-decenoyl-ACP. Can catalyze the dehydratase reaction for beta-hydroxyacyl-ACPs with saturated chain lengths up to 16:0, being most active on intermediate chain length. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thioester dehydratase family. FabA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the final one or two reductions in tetra- hydrobiopterin biosynthesis to form 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sepiapterin reductase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.


FUNCTION: Beta toxins bind voltage-independently at site-4 of sodium channels (Nav) and shift the voltage of activation toward more negative potentials thereby affecting sodium channel activation and promoting spontaneous and repetitive firing. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the long (4 C-C) scorpion toxin superfamily. Sodium channel inhibitor family. Beta subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL18 family.


FUNCTION: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 4 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.


FUNCTION: Non-classical phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) transfer protein (PITP), which exhibits PtdIns-binding/transfer activity in the absence of detectable PtdCho-binding/transfer activity. Regulates PtdIns(4,5)P2 homeostasis at the plasma membrane. Heme-binding protein that may play a role in organic oxidant-induced stress responses. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SFH5 family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from NADH, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be a menaquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation (for every two electrons transferred, four hydrogen ions are translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane), and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex ZnuABC involved in zinc import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Zinc importer (TC 3.A.1.15.5) family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.


FUNCTION: APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apolipoproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles. Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE- containing lipoproteins by cells. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Secreted, extracellular space Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix Extracellular vesicle Endosome, multivesicular body Note=In the plasma, APOE is associated with chylomicrons, chylomicrons remnants, VLDL, LDL and HDL lipoproteins. Lipid poor oligomeric APOE is associated with the extracellular matrix in a calcium- and heparan-sulfate proteoglycans- dependent manner. Lipidation induces the release from the extracellular matrix. Colocalizes with CD63 and PMEL at exosomes and in intraluminal vesicles within multivesicular endosomes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Master enzyme that delivers sulfur to a number of partners involved in Fe-S cluster assembly, tRNA modification or cofactor biosynthesis. Catalyzes the removal of elemental sulfur atoms from cysteine to produce alanine. Functions as a sulfur delivery protein for Fe-S cluster synthesis onto IscU, an Fe-S scaffold assembly protein, as well as other S acceptor proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. NifS/IscS subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M18 family.


FUNCTION: Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GnRH family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of L-threonine to 2- amino-3-ketobutyrate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Multidrug efflux pump. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.


FUNCTION: Structural protein that makes short spikes at the surface of the virus. Contains receptor binding and receptor-destroying activities. Mediates de-O-acetylation of N-acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminic acid, which is probably the receptor determinant recognized by the virus on the surface of erythrocytes and susceptible cells. This receptor-destroying activity is important for virus release as it probably helps preventing self-aggregation and ensures the efficient spread of the progeny virus from cell to cell. May serve as a secondary viral attachment protein for initiating infection, the spike protein being the major one. May become a target for both the humoral and the cellular branches of the immune system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Host cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein Note=In infected cells becomes incorporated into the envelope of virions during virus assembly at the endoplasmic reticulum and cis Golgi. However, some may escape incorporation into virions and subsequently migrate to the cell surface. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza type C/coronaviruses hemagglutinin-esterase family.


FUNCTION: Reversibly transfers an adenylyl group from ATP to 4'- phosphopantetheine, yielding dephospho-CoA (dPCoA) and pyrophosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic CoaD family.


FUNCTION: Part of the RFC clamp loader complex which loads the PCNA sliding clamp onto DNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family. RfcL subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of a membrane-bound complex that couples electron transfer with translocation of ions across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 4Fe4S bacterial-type ferredoxin family. RnfB subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calcitonin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.


FUNCTION: Contacts the emerging nascent chain on the ribosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAC-alpha family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the transfer of CoA to carnitine, generating the initial carnitinyl-CoA needed for the CaiB reaction cycle. Also has activity toward crotonobetaine and gamma-butyrobetaine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Required for the maintenance of the structure of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Involved in mitochondrial morphology. Causes growth arrest when highly overexpressed (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SHE9 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the transport of maltose and maltodextrins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the porin LamB (TC 1.B.3) family.


FUNCTION: One of the components of the core complex of photosystem II (PSII). It binds chlorophyll and helps catalyze the primary light- induced photochemical processes of PSII. PSII is a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase, using light energy to abstract electrons from H(2)O, generating O(2) and a proton gradient subsequently used for ATP formation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbB/PsbC family. PsbB subfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in the regulation of cell differentiation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (Fru 1,6-P2) and sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate (Sed 1,7-P2) to fructose 6- phosphate and sedoheptulose 7-phosphate, respectively. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FBPase class 2 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neurotoxin 19 (CSTX) family. 03 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Orphan nuclear receptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5- phosphate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. DeoC type 1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of a heterotetrameric complex that catalyzes the two- step biosynthesis of anthranilate, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan. In the first step, the glutamine-binding beta subunit (TrpG) of anthranilate synthase (AS) provides the glutamine amidotransferase activity which generates ammonia as a substrate that, along with chorismate, is used in the second step, catalyzed by the large alpha subunit of AS (TrpE) to produce anthranilate. In the absence of TrpG, TrpE can synthesize anthranilate directly from chorismate and high concentrations of ammonia (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anthranilate synthase component I family.


FUNCTION: Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules. It also functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). NPC components, collectively referred to as nucleoporins (NUPs), can play the role of both NPC structural components and of docking or interaction partners for transiently associated nuclear transport factors. SEC13 is required for efficient mRNA export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and for correct nuclear pore biogenesis and distribution (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPII-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Nucleus, nuclear pore complex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC13 family.


FUNCTION: Necessary for formate dehydrogenase activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FdhE family.


FUNCTION: NDH-1 shuttles electrons from an unknown electron donor, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the respiratory and/or the photosynthetic chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient. Cyanobacterial NDH-1 also plays a role in inorganic carbon-concentration. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I NdhL subunit family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0284 family.


FUNCTION: Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF- Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EF-Ts family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CMC family.


FUNCTION: May have an olfactory function associated with the identification of pathogens or of pathogenic states. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the proteinaceous fiber-like linker between two centrioles, required for centrosome cohesion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome Note=Localizes to the proteinaceous linker between the proximal ends of the centrioles.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial glycine transporter that imports glycine into the mitochondrial matrix. Plays an important role in providing glycine for the first enzymatic step in heme biosynthesis, the condensation of glycine with succinyl-CoA to produce 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) in the mitochondrial matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. SLC25A38 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the cytochrome b6-f complex, which mediates electron transfer between photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), cyclic electron flow around PSI, and state transitions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome b family. PetD subfamily.


FUNCTION: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 6 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase holoenzyme provides the precursors necessary for viral DNA synthesis. Allows virus growth in non-dividing cells, as well as reactivation from latency in infected hosts. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes 2 different reactions between oxygen and the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene) depending upon the metal bound in the active site. Fe-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Fe-ARD) produces formate and 2-keto-4- methylthiobutyrate (KMTB), the alpha-ketoacid precursor of methionine in the methionine recycle pathway. Ni-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Ni-ARD) produces methylthiopropionate, carbon monoxide and formate, and does not lie on the methionine recycle pathway. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the acireductone dioxygenase (ARD) family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in both secretory and endocytic intracellular trafficking in the endosomal/prevacuolar compartments. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRA1 family.


FUNCTION: Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structures. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAM47 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0337 (CsbD) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the anomeric conversion of L-fucose. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RbsD / FucU family. FucU mutarotase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of sulfite from phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphosulfate (PAPS) using thioredoxin as an electron donor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PAPS reductase family. CysH subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Fimbrium. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fimbrial protein family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Uronate isomerase family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a backup for CMTM6 to regulate plasma membrane expression of PD-L1/CD274, an immune inhibitory ligand critical for immune tolerance to self and antitumor immunity. May protect PD- L1/CD274 from being polyubiquitinated and targeted for degradation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the chemokine-like factor family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0637 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibitor of lipoprotein binding to the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, LDL receptor-related protein, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor. Associates with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and the triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in the plasma and makes up about 10% of the protein of the VLDL and 2% of that of HDL. Appears to interfere directly with fatty acid uptake and is also the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Binds free fatty acids and reduces their intracellular esterification. Modulates the interaction of APOE with beta-migrating VLDL and inhibits binding of beta-VLDL to the LDL receptor-related protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C1 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex GsiABCD involved in glutathione import. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of deamido-NAD to form NAD. Uses ammonia as a nitrogen source. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD synthetase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0227 family.


FUNCTION: eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex PhnCDE involved in phosphonates import. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. Phosphonates importer (TC 3.A.1.9.1) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two- step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TPP enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase with relaxed tRNA specificity since it is able to aspartylate not only its cognate tRNA(Asp) but also tRNA(Asn). Reaction proceeds in two steps: L-aspartate is first activated by ATP to form Asp-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Asp/Asn). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 2 subfamily.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.


FUNCTION: May be involved in recombination. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, nucleoid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RdgC family.


FUNCTION: eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eIF-2-beta/eIF-5 family.


FUNCTION: Site-specific tyrosine recombinase, which acts by catalyzing the cutting and rejoining of the recombining DNA molecules. Essential to convert dimers of the bacterial chromosome into monomers to permit their segregation at cell division. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the 'phage' integrase family. XerS subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in the efflux of purine ribonucleosides, such as inosine and guanosine. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. DHA1 family. NepI (TC 2.A.1.2.26) subfamily.


FUNCTION: This is 1 of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance. In the 70S ribosome it contacts protein S13 of the 30S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; this bridge is implicated in subunit movement. May contact the P site tRNA; the 5S rRNA and some of its associated proteins might help stabilize positioning of ribosome-bound tRNAs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL5 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of L-lactate to pyruvate. Is coupled to the respiratory chain. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenine deaminase family.


FUNCTION: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol- pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DAD/OST2 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Catalytic subunit of the ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (FTR), which catalyzes the two-electron reduction of thioredoxins by the electrons provided by reduced ferredoxin. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ferredoxin thioredoxin reductase beta subunit family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of malonate semialdehyde (MSA) and methylmalonate semialdehyde (MMSA) into acetyl-CoA and propanoyl-CoA, respectively. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. IolA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Probably involved in nitrogen metabolism via ammonium assimilation. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent biosynthesis of glutamine from glutamate and ammonia. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the UPF0307 family.


FUNCTION: Converts the preformed base xanthine, a product of nucleic acid breakdown, to xanthosine 5'-monophosphate (XMP), so it can be reused for RNA or DNA synthesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. Xpt subfamily.


FUNCTION: Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reduction of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (PCA) to L-proline. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family.


FUNCTION: Nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes 7- methyl-GTP (m(7)GTP). May have a dual role in cell division arrest and in preventing the incorporation of modified nucleotides into cellular nucleic acids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Maf family. YceF subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RING-type zinc finger family. ATL subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 99 family.


FUNCTION: Binds double-stranded RNA.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate of ATP to form a long-chain polyphosphate (polyP). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polyphosphate kinase 1 (PPK1) family.


FUNCTION: Binds to the 23S rRNA. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.


FUNCTION: Essential for the control of the cell cycle at the G2/M (mitosis) transition. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met- Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: This potassium channel may be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion by glucose and/or neurotransmitters acting through G- protein-coupled receptors. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ6 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of a complex that catalyzes the formation of methyl- coenzyme M and tetrahydromethanopterin from coenzyme M and methyl- tetrahydromethanopterin. This is an energy-conserving, sodium-ion translocating step. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MtrA family.


FUNCTION: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the complex I subunit 5 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or Kdp) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the electrogenic transport of potassium into the cytoplasm. This subunit acts as a catalytic chaperone that increases the ATP-binding affinity of the ATP-hydrolyzing subunit KdpB by the formation of a transient KdpB/KdpC/ATP ternary complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the KdpC family.


FUNCTION: The metallothioneins are involved in the cellular sequestration of toxic metal ions. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 2 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in calcium binding and microtubule stabilization. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TCTP family.