FUNCTION: Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The CFIm complex acts as a key regulator of cleavage and polyadenylation site choice during APA through its binding to 5'-UGUA- 3' elements localized in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) for a huge number of pre-mRNAs. Plays a role in mRNA export. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus, nucleoplasm Nucleus speckle Cytoplasm Note=Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RRM CPSF6/7 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GATD3 family.


FUNCTION: Multicopper oxidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin, a bluish-green pigment forming a dark layer in the conidial wall that protects the conidia from UV radiations (PubMed:28517364). The first step of the pathway is the production of the pentaketide 1,3,6,8- tetrahydroxynaphthalene (1,3,6,8-THN or T4HN) by the polyketide synthase PfmaE though condensation of acetyl-CoA with malonyl-CoA. T4HN is not stable and easily oxidizes into the stable form flaviolin (PubMed:28517364). T4HN is also substrate of the hydroxynaphthalene reductase PfmaG to yield scytalone (PubMed:28517364). The scytalone dehydratase PfmaJ then reduces scytalone to 1,3,8-THN (PubMed:31116900). 1,3,8-THN is then substrate of the hydroxynaphthalene reductase PfmaI to yield vermelone (Probable). Vermelone is further converted by the multicopper oxidase PfmaD to 1,8- DHN (Probable). Finally the laccase PFICI_06862 transforms 1,8-DHN to DHN-melanin (Probable). The roles of the 5-oxoprolinase PfmaA and the proline iminopeptidase PfmaB within the cluster have not been elucidated yet (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted Cell surface. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Probable toxin with unknown function (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin H superfamily.


FUNCTION: Part of a binding-protein-dependent transport system for L- amino acids, affects the uptake as well as efflux of these amino acids. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. HisMQ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. In the complex, it is required to stimulate activity of mtHSP70 (ssc1) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TIM14 family.


FUNCTION: Regulator of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) required for neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development. Acts as an activator of PP1 by interacting with PPP1CA and preventing phosphorylation of PPP1CA at 'Thr-320'. During neural tube closure, localizes to the ventral neural tube and activates PP1, leading to down-regulate cell proliferation within cranial neural tissue and the neural retina. Also acts as a regulator of migration of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) by activating PP1, leading to dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of cofilin (COF1 or COF2) and repression of the integrin signaling through the RHO/ROCK pathway (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell projection, lamellipodium. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phosphatase and actin regulator family.


FUNCTION: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Shows neither neuropeptide activity nor antibiotic activity. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfers of an amino group from glutamate to the alpha-ketoacid of the respective amino acid in the final step in the biosynthesis of branchedchain amino acids. The amino acids can be ranked in the following order with respect to their efficiency as amino donor: Leu > Ile > Val. FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible transfers of an amino group from glutamate to the alpha-ketoacid of the respective amino acid in the final step in the biosynthesis of branchedchain amino acids. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.


FUNCTION: Packages the positive strand viral genome RNA into a helical ribonucleocapsid (RNP) and plays a fundamental role during virion assembly through its interactions with the viral genome and membrane protein M. Plays an important role in enhancing the efficiency of subgenomic viral RNA transcription as well as viral replication. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Host endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment Host Golgi apparatus Note=Located inside the virion, complexed with the viral RNA. Probably associates with ER-derived membranes where it participates in viral RNA synthesis and virus budding. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the gammacoronavirus nucleocapsid protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family.


FUNCTION: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene- specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. May play a role as a target recruitment subunit in E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes and thus in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 8 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DMRT family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family.


FUNCTION: Arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (aDMA), with a strong preference for the formation of aDMA (PubMed:22904064, PubMed:26070566). Preferentially methylates arginyl residues present in a glycine and arginine-rich domain and displays preference for monomethylated substrates (By similarity). Specifically mediates the asymmetric dimethylation of histone H3 'Arg-2' to form H3R2me2a (By similarity). H3R2me2a represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and is mutually exclusive with methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3) (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of various genes such as HOXA2, THBS1 and TP53 (PubMed:22904064). Repression of TP53 blocks cellular senescence (PubMed:22904064). Also methylates histone H2A and H4 'Arg-3' (H2AR3me and H4R3me, respectively) (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of DNA base excision during DNA repair by mediating the methylation of DNA polymerase beta (POLB), leading to the stimulation of its polymerase activity by enhancing DNA binding and processivity (By similarity). Methylates HMGA1 (By similarity). Regulates alternative splicing events (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of a number of steroid hormone receptors including ESR1, ESR2, PGR and NR3C1 (By similarity). Promotes fasting-induced transcriptional activation of the gluconeogenic program through methylation of the CRTC2 transcription coactivator (PubMed:24570487). Methylates GPS2, protecting GPS2 from ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:26070566). Methylates SIRT7, inhibiting SIRT7 histone deacetylase activity and promoting mitochondria biogenesis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family. PRMT6 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Nuclear receptor which binds directly to response elements in target gene promoters (PubMed:9477318, PubMed:10859169, PubMed:15314028, PubMed:15489294, PubMed:15383841, PubMed:15611047, PubMed:16626392, PubMed:19828440, PubMed:21814518). Activity is modulated by binding of steroid hormone ligands that include dafachronic acids (PubMed:16529801). Regulates expression of genes involved in postembryonic development and the dauer diapause, in response to environmental cues (PubMed:9477318, PubMed:10859169, PubMed:15489294, PubMed:15383841, PubMed:16626392, PubMed:19828440, PubMed:21814518). Inhibits the expression of let-7 family members when bound to corepressor din-1s which is an isoform of din-1 (PubMed:19828440). Plays a role in controlling the timing of seam cell development during the larval stages (PubMed:21471153). Has a role in the immune response to bacterial infection, via regulation of let-7 miRNAs (PubMed:23990780). Controls expression of genes that promote the aerobic catabolism of fatty acids for reproductive growth (PubMed:25774872). May be involved in thermotolerance (PubMed:24957743). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Note=Diffuse expression during mitosis (PubMed:10859169). Increased nuclear accumulation upon infection by E.coli (PubMed:23990780). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.


FUNCTION: Dehydrogenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of pyranoviolin A, a pyranonigrin analog with a C-3 methoxy group (PubMed:33117309). Initially, the PKS portion of pyvA synthesizes C-10 carbon chain from 5 molecules of malonyl-CoA, which is then condensed with the thiolation (T) domain-bound glycine activated by the adenylation (A) domain (PubMed:33117309). The subsequent chain release by Dieckmann condensation (DKC) could be catalyzed by the TE domain present at the C-terminus of pyvA and/or the alpha/beta hydrolase pyvD, installing the tetramic acid moiety (Probable). The FAD-dependent monooxygenase pyvC next epoxidizes one of the olefins of the polyketide part, and the epoxide ring-opening induces the dihydro- gamma-pyrone ring formation (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygeanse pyvB would be responsible for the 2 consecutive reactions, in which the dihydro-gamma-pyrone is oxidized to gamma- pyrone and C-7 is hydroxylated to yield pyranonigrin F (Probable). Finally, the O-methyltransferase pyvH methylates the C-3 hydroxy group to complete the biosynthesis (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Assembles to form an icosahedral capsid. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion. Note=Forms the icosahedral capsid shell. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HK97 phage major capsid protein family.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as a core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm, cytosol. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Carrier protein involved in the D-alanylation of lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The loading of thioester-linked D-alanine onto DltC is catalyzed by D-alanine--D-alanyl carrier protein ligase DltA. The DltC- carried D-alanyl group is further transferred to cell membrane phosphatidylglycerol (PG) by forming an ester bond, probably catalyzed by DltD. D-alanylation of LTA plays an important role in modulating the properties of the cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria, influencing the net charge of the cell wall. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DltC family.


FUNCTION: Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.


FUNCTION: Probable transcriptional regulator. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bZIP family.


FUNCTION: Functions as a zinc transporter transporting Zn(2+) from the Golgi apparatus to the cytosol and thus influences the zinc level at least in areas of the cytosol. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.


FUNCTION: Late DNA-binding protein which binds to the hairpin form of the viral telomeric sequence. Required for the production of mature virions (MV) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion Note=Present in the virus core. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the chordopoxvirinae I1 family.


FUNCTION: DNA repair enzyme that has both DNA N-glycosylase activity and AP-lyase activity. The DNA N-glycosylase activity releases various damaged pyrimidines from DNA by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond, leaving an AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) site. The AP-lyase activity cleaves the phosphodiester bond 3' to the AP site by a beta-elimination, leaving a 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar and a product with a terminal 5'- phosphate. FUNCTION: DNA repair enzyme that has both DNA N-glycosylase activity and AP-lyase activity. The DNA N-glycosylase activity releases various damaged pyrimidines from DNA by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond, leaving an AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) site. The AP-lyase activity cleaves the phosphodiester bond 3' to the AP site by a beta-elimination, leaving a 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar and a product with a terminal 5'- phosphate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Nth/MutY family.


FUNCTION: Antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus and Gram-negative bacterium E.coli. Weak activity against C.albicans. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Ranatuerin subfamily.


FUNCTION: C1q associates with the proenzymes C1r and C1s to yield C1, the first component of the serum complement system. The collagen-like regions of C1q interact with the Ca(2+)-dependent C1r(2)C1s(2) proenzyme complex, and efficient activation of C1 takes place on interaction of the globular heads of C1q with the Fc regions of IgG or IgM antibody present in immune complexes. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.


FUNCTION: Pycsar (pyrimidine cyclase system for antiphage resistance) provides immunity against bacteriophage. The pyrimidine cyclase (PycC) synthesizes cyclic nucleotides in response to infection; these serve as specific second messenger signals. The signals activate the adjacent effector, leading to bacterial cell death and abortive phage infection. A clade E Pycsar system. FUNCTION: The effector component of a two-gene Pycsar system. Expression of this and adjacent cytidylate cyclase Ec303145PycC (AC P0DV26) confers resistance to bacteriophage P1, T5, lambda-vir and phi27 (PubMed:34644530). Probably only responds to cCMP (produced by its cognate NTP cyclase), acts by impairing membrane integrity (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: In the first mitotic division in embryos, required for mitotic spindle alignment and asymmetric cell division (PubMed:9649522, PubMed:17947426). Required for motor-driven chromosome movement and homolog searching within the nucleus, and subsequently ensures homologous chromosome pairing during the prophase stage of meiosis (PubMed:23671424). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion Mitochondrion outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Localizes to mitochondria throughout interphase and mitosis (PubMed:17947426, PubMed:23671424). Localizes to mitochondria in the pachytene and transition zone regions of the germ cells (PubMed:23671424).


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the methylthiolation of N6- threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t(6)A), leading to the formation of 2- methylthio-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (ms(2)t(6)A) at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the methylthiotransferase family. CDKAL1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Involved in mitochondrial fission. Has a partially redundant function to CAF4 in acting as an adapter protein, binding to FIS1 on the mitochondrial outer membrane and recruiting the dynamin-like GTPase DNM1 to form mitochondrial fission complexes. Formation of these complexes is required to promote constriction and fission of the mitochondrial compartment at a late step in mitochondrial division. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion outer membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=Uniformly distributed on the cytoplasmic face of the mitochondrial outer membrane. This localization is dependent on FIS1. Reorganizes to punctate structures on mitochondria, corresponding to mitochondrial constriction sites, at a late step in mitochondrial division. This relocalization is dependent on DNM1. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat MDV1/CAF4 family.


FUNCTION: Probably involved in nervous system development and function. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post- translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Has a role in resistance to insecticide lufenuron, but no other insecticides. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: Degrades the rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) backbone of pectin. Is required for the full virulence of E.chrysanthemi strain 3937 as it is involved in rotting of plant tissue. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Note=Via the type II out secretion pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 4 family.


FUNCTION: Activates the five peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) domains of gramicidin synthase GrsAB, by transferring the 4'-phosphopantetheinyl moiety of coenzyme A (CoA) to a serine residue. Required for gramicidin S production. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the P-Pant transferase superfamily. Gsp/Sfp/HetI/AcpT family.


FUNCTION: Possibly necessary for replication.


FUNCTION: Cytolysin that shows hemolytic activity (on bovine erythrocytes, HC(50)=5.75 mg/ml) (By similarity). This hemolytic activity is completely inhibited by small unilamelar vesicles composed of PC/PG, PC/PI and PC/PS in 1:1 molar ratios (with at least 100 mg/ml concentration) (By similarity). The recombinant protein does not show hemolytic activity, suggesting that it is not properly folded or that it requires a free N-terminal end for its activity (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the worm cytolysin family.


FUNCTION: Substrate recognition and binding subunit of the essential mitochondrial processing protease (MPP), which cleaves the mitochondrial sequence off newly imported precursors proteins. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix Mitochondrion inner membrane. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family.


FUNCTION: Hydroxycinnamoyl transferase that catalyzes in vitro the transfer of an acyl from p-coumaryol-CoA to glycerol or shikimate, to produce 2-O-p-coumaroyl glyceride or coumaroyl shikimate, respectively. Quercetin, glutarate, or malate do not serve as acyl acceptors in vitro. Can use feruloyl-CoA and caffeoyl-CoA as acyl donors. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the plant acyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex, a protein dislocase complex that mediates the ATP-dependent extraction of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomal membranes, an essential step for PEX5 recycling (PubMed:16314507, PubMed:16854980, PubMed:21362118, PubMed:29884772). Specifically recognizes PEX5 monoubiquitinated at 'Cys-11', and pulls it out of the peroxisome lumen through the PEX2- PEX10-PEX12 retrotranslocation channel (PubMed:29884772). Extraction by the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex is accompanied by unfolding of the TPR repeats and release of bound cargo from PEX5 (PubMed:29884772). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Peroxisome membrane Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment Note=Associated with peroxisomal membranes; anchored by PEX26 to peroxisome membranes (PubMed:12717447, PubMed:16854980). Localized at the base of the outer segment of photoreceptor cells (PubMed:26593283). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 25 family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CDI family. ICK/KRP subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the conversion of (3S)-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) to mevalonic acid, the rate-limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol and other isoprenoids, thus plays a critical role in cellular cholesterol homeostasis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Peroxisome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.


FUNCTION: Has been proposed to act as a receptor for neuronostatin, a peptide derived from the somatostatin/SST precursor (By similarity). Involved in blood sugar regulation through the induction of glucagon in response to low glucose (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the LU7TM family.


FUNCTION: Cleaves beta-linked terminal galactosyl residues from gangliosides, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans. Has high in vitro transglycosylation activity with p-nitrophenyl-beta-D- galactopyranoside, methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside or lactose as a donor and galactose as an acceptor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits zinc finger homeodomain (ZHD) transcription factors, by interacting with them to prevent both their nuclear localization and their DNA-binding properties. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in plant xylan biodegradation, probably via the hydrolysis of short xylooligosaccharides resulting from extracellular xylan hydrolysis, once they have been transported inside cells. Shows similar activity on xylans of different rate of arabinose or methylglucuronic substitution. Also displays high activity on aryl- xylosides. Is active on xylotetraose and xylotriose, but does not hydrolyze xylobiose, indicating that XynB is a xylanase and not a beta- xylosidase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Note=Is not secreted to the medium but instead remains cell-associated, in the soluble fraction, even in late stationary-phase cultures. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 10 (cellulase F) family. Cytoplasmic xylanase subfamily.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3- hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3- hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the kynureninase family.


FUNCTION: Histone methyltransferase that selectively methylates 'Lys-4' of dimethylated histone H3 (H3K4me2) to produce trimethylated 'Lys-4' histone H3 (H3K4me3). May play a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression by defining an active chromatin state. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Chromosome.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Component of the sarcoglycan complex, a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex which forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane, sarcolemma; Single- pass membrane protein Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell projection, dendrite Golgi apparatus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sarcoglycan alpha/epsilon family.


FUNCTION: [Isoform 4]: Calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). Contributes to calcium-activated chloride secretion in human sweat gland epithelial cells. Shows increased basal chloride permeability and decreased Ca(2+)-induced chloride permeability. FUNCTION: [Isoform 5]: Calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). Shows increased sensitivity to intracellular Ca(2+). FUNCTION: Calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) (PubMed:20056604, PubMed:22178883, PubMed:21984732, PubMed:22946059, PubMed:32487539). Plays a role in transepithelial anion transport and smooth muscle contraction. Required for the normal functioning of the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) which generate electrical pacemaker activity in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Acts as a major contributor to basal and stimulated chloride conductance in airway epithelial cells and plays an important role in tracheal cartilage development. Required for CFTR activation by enhancing endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) store release and is also required for CFTR membrane expression (PubMed:28963502). Required for basal and ATP-dependent mucus secretion in airways and intestine, probably by controlling exocytosis of mucus-filled granules by providing Ca(2+) to an apical signaling compartment (By similarity). Contributes to airway mucus expression induced by interleukins IL3 and IL8 and by the asthma-associated protein CLCA1 and is required for expression of mucin MUC5AC (PubMed:33026825). However, was shown in another study not to be required for MUC5AC expression (PubMed:31732694). Plays a role in the propagation of Ca(2+) waves in Kolliker's organ in the cochlea and contributes to the refinement of auditory brainstem circuitries prior to hearing onset (By similarity). In vomeronasal sensory neurons, modulates spontaneous firing patterns in the absence of stimuli as well as the firing pattern of pheromone- evoked activity (By similarity). Responsible for calcium-activated chloride channel activity in type I taste cells of the vallate papillae (By similarity). Acts as a heat sensor in nociceptive neurons (By similarity). In dorsal root ganglion neurons, plays a role in mediating non-histaminergic Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor (MRGPR)- dependent itching, acting as a downstream effector of MRGPRs (By similarity). In the developing brain, required for the Ca(2+)-dependent process extension of radial glial cells (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Presynapse Note=In differentiating airway epithelial cells, predominantly intracellular at day 0 but is apically localized by day 30. Expressed in the presynapse of retinal neurons (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the anoctamin family.


FUNCTION: Probable carboxypeptidase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase S10 family.


FUNCTION: May play a role in plant defense against pathogens. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family.


FUNCTION: Dehydrogenase component of the alcohol dehydrogenase multicomponent enzyme system which is involved in the production of acetic acid and in the ethanol oxidase respiratory chain. Quinohemoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde by transferring electrons to the ubiquinone embedded in the membrane phospholipids. The electrons transfer from ethanol to membranous ubiquinone occurs from pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) to one heme c in subunit I (AdhA), and finally to two heme c in subunit II (AdhB). Besides ubiquinone reduction, ADH also has a ubiquinol (QH2) oxidation reaction which mediates electron transfer from ubiquinol to the non-energy generating bypass oxidase system. The electrons transfer occurs from ubiquinol (QH2) to the additional heme c within subunit II (AdhB). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Periplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial PQQ dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Molecular calcium-binding chaperone promoting folding, oligomeric assembly and quality control in the ER via the calreticulin/calnexin cycle. This lectin may interact transiently with almost all of the monoglucosylated glycoproteins that are synthesized in the ER (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calreticulin family.


FUNCTION: Alpha-amylase inhibitor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I6 (cereal trypsin/alpha- amylase inhibitor) family.


FUNCTION: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Theta family.


FUNCTION: In muscle, parvalbumin is thought to be involved in relaxation after contraction. It binds two calcium ions (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the parvalbumin family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS28 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibits the supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase. Acts by inhibiting DNA gyrase at an early step, prior to (or at the step of) binding of DNA by the gyrase. It protects cells against toxins that target DNA gyrase, by inhibiting activity of these toxins and reducing the formation of lethal double-strand breaks in the cell. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DNA gyrase inhibitor family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes triacylglycerol (TAG) formation by an acyl-CoA independent pathway. The enzyme specifically transfers acyl groups from the sn-2 position of a phospholipid to diacylglycerol (DAG), thus forming an sn-1-lysophospholipid. Plays a major role in triacylglycerol formation at log phase (PubMed:12963726, PubMed:26990381). Involved in lipid particle synthesis from the endoplasmic reticulum, promoting localized TAG production at discrete ER subdomains (PubMed:26990381, PubMed:28011631). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.


FUNCTION: Structural rigidity of the outer membrane of elementary bodies and porin forming, permitting diffusion of solutes through the intracellular reticulate body membrane. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Gram-negative porin family.


FUNCTION: MuO-conotoxins are gating-modifier toxins that inhibit sodium current by trapping the domain II voltage sensor in the closed position to prevent opening of the sodium channel. This toxin inhibits rNav1.2/SCN2A (IC(50)=532 nM), rNav1.4/SCN4A (IC(50)=438 nM) and rNav1.7/SCN9A (IC(50)=345 nM) (PubMed:10627583). It blocks Nav channels by interacting mainly with the C-terminal part of the pore loop of domain-3 (PubMed:16458302). It does not bind on site 1 (PubMed:8890263). At small concentration, this toxin also acts as a calcium current agonist, whereas at higher doses it blocks fast- inactivating calcium current (PubMed:7727394). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin O1 superfamily.


FUNCTION: Thiol protease involved in osteoclastic bone resorption. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation (By similarity). Involved in the release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen (PubMed:12782676). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome Secreted Apical cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Extracellular side Note=Localizes to the lumen of thyroid follicles and to the apical membrane of thyroid epithelial cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.


FUNCTION: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin- coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasmic vesicle, COPI-coated vesicle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Note=The coatomer is cytoplasmic or polymerized on the cytoplasmic side of the Golgi, as well as on the vesicles/buds originating from it. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the COPG family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lin-28 family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the nucleoplasmin family.


FUNCTION: Promotes the formation of magnetite in Fe(2+)-rich conditions, when magnetite is not readily formed (PubMed:27112228). Binds Fe(3+) and Fe(2+) (PubMed:12496282, PubMed:23857056, PubMed:27112228) (Probable). May play a role in nucleation of magnetite crystal formation (Probable) (PubMed:22716969). May help control production of crystals with a specific morphology (Probable) (PubMed:22716969, PubMed:27759096). Greatly improves the formation of magnetosome-like magnetite crystals in vitro (PubMed:12496282). Isolated short protein, probably residues 75-133, binds up to 18 Fe(3+) per monomer and self-assembles into micelles about 21-26 nm in diameter; the C-terminal 21 residues also self-assemble (PubMed:23857056). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Magnetosome membrane; Single-pass membrane protein Note=Tightly associated with magnetite crystals (PubMed:12496282). Tagged protein forms straight lines with a punctate pattern extending along most of the cell associated with its inner curvature, in the correct position to be associated with magnetosomes. Under aerobic conditions, when magnetites cannot form, or in the absence of iron, the protein is dispersed in the cell, probably in the inner membrane; as magnetosomes form tagged Mms6 localizes in a line that corresponds to the position of magnetite crystals (PubMed:27481925). Short protein seems to localize specifically to magnetosomes which have magnetite crystals (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the magnetosome Mms6 family.


FUNCTION: Putative adhesion molecule that mediates sialic-acid dependent binding to cells. Preferentially binds to alpha-2,3- and alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid. Also binds disialogangliosides (disialogalactosyl globoside, disialyl lactotetraosylceramide and disialyl GalNAc lactotetraoslylceramide). The sialic acid recognition site may be masked by cis interactions with sialic acids on the same cell surface. In the immune response, may act as an inhibitory receptor upon ligand induced tyrosine phosphorylation by recruiting cytoplasmic phosphatase(s) via their SH2 domain(s) that block signal transduction through dephosphorylation of signaling molecules. Mediates inhibition of natural killer cells cytotoxicity. May play a role in hemopoiesis. Inhibits differentiation of CD34+ cell precursors towards myelomonocytic cell lineage and proliferation of leukemic myeloid cells (in vitro). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIGLEC (sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin) family.


FUNCTION: IL6 is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Rapid production of IL6 contributes to host defense during infection and tissue injury, but excessive IL6 synthesis is involved in disease pathology. In the innate immune response, is synthesized by myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, upon recognition of pathogens through toll-like receptors (TLRs) at the site of infection or tissue injury (By similarity). In the adaptive immune response, is required for the differentiation of B cells into immunoglobulin- secreting cells. Plays a major role in the differentiation of CD4(+) T cell subsets. Essential factor for the development of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that are required for the induction of germinal- center formation. Required to drive naive CD4(+) T cells to the Th17 lineage. Also required for proliferation of myeloma cells and the survival of plasmablast cells (By similarity). FUNCTION: Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions in immunity, tissue regeneration, and metabolism. Binds to IL6R, then the complex associates to the signaling subunit IL6ST/gp130 to trigger the intracellular IL6-signaling pathway. The interaction with the membrane- bound IL6R and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL6 and soluble IL6R to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling'. Alternatively, 'cluster signaling' occurs when membrane-bound IL6:IL6R complexes on transmitter cells activate IL6ST receptors on neighboring receiver cells. FUNCTION: Acts as an essential factor in bone homeostasis and on vessels directly or indirectly by induction of VEGF, resulting in increased angiogenesis activity and vascular permeability. Induces, through 'trans-signaling' and synergistically with IL1B and TNF, the production of VEGF. Involved in metabolic controls, is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction increasing lipolysis and improving insulin resistance (By similarity). 'Trans-signaling' in central nervous system also regulates energy and glucose homeostasis. Mediates, through GLP-1, crosstalk between insulin-sensitive tissues, intestinal L cells and pancreatic islets to adapt to changes in insulin demand (By similarity). Also acts as a myokine (By similarity). Plays a protective role during liver injury, being required for maintenance of tissue regeneration (By similarity). Also has a pivotal role in iron metabolism by regulating HAMP/hepcidin expression upon inflammation or bacterial infection (By similarity). Through activation of IL6ST-YAP- NOTCH pathway, induces inflammation-induced epithelial regeneration (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.


FUNCTION: Transcription activator that plays a role in the regulation of cell expansion in leaf and cotyledons tissues. Component of a network formed by miR396, the GRFs and their interacting factors (GIFs) acting in the regulation of meristem function, at least partially through the control of cell proliferation. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GRF family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the poxvirinae B18 protein family.


FUNCTION: Small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state (By similarity). Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.


FUNCTION: Component of the larval cuticle.


FUNCTION: Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of some PcG multiprotein complex, which methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target genes. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but to maintain it during later stages of development (Probable). Involved in the regulation of flowering. Promotes flowering under short day (SD) conditions. Regulates the trimethylation on histone H3 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) of the flowering regulator LF (PubMed:25400654). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. EZ subfamily.


FUNCTION: Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Could conceivably alter the intracellular level of tellurium in a manner leading to resistance. Alternatively its presence in the membrane may provide a barrier to entry of the tellurium ions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TerC family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, extracellular space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.


FUNCTION: Inhibitory receptor postulated to negatively regulate immune and non-immune functions (By similarity). Upon phosphorylation, recruits SH2 domain-containing PTPN6 and PTPN11 phosphatases to its ITIM motif and antagonizes activation signals (By similarity). Although it inhibits KLRK1/NKG2D-mediated signaling, it does not bind known ligands of KLRK1/NKG2D and therefore is not its inhibitory counterpart (By similarity). May limit activation of myeloid cell subsets in response to infection or tissue inflammation (By similarity). May protect target cells against natural killer cell-mediated lysis (By similarity). May negatively regulate cell cycle and differentiation of melanocytes via inactivation of STAT3 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Exoribonuclease involved in ribosome biosynthesis. Involved in the processing of ITS1, the internal transcribed spacer localized between the 18S and 5.8S rRNAs (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the REXO4 family.


FUNCTION: Lacks antibacterial activity against Gram-positive or Gram- negative bacteria. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the frog skin active peptide (FSAP) family. Brevinin subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the conotoxin O2 superfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EccD/Snm4 family.


FUNCTION: Non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereo-specific peroxidation of free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids generating a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators (PubMed:9600854, PubMed:9414270, PubMed:15123652, PubMed:17493578, PubMed:18311922). It inserts peroxyl groups at C12 or C15 of arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate) producing both 12- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate/12-HPETE and 15- hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate/15-HPETE (PubMed:9600854, PubMed:9414270, PubMed:15123652, PubMed:17493578). It may then act on 12-HPETE to produce hepoxilins, which may show pro-inflammatory properties (PubMed:15123652). Can also peroxidize linoleate ((9Z,12Z)- octadecadienoate) to 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoate. May participate in the sequential oxidations of DHA ((4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)- docosahexaenoate) to generate specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs)like resolvin D5 ((7S,17S)-diHPDHA) and (7S,14S)-diHPDHA, that actively down-regulate the immune response and have anti-aggregation properties with platelets. Can convert epoxy fatty acids to hydroperoxy-epoxides derivatives followed by an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution leading to the formation of monocyclic endoperoxides (By similarity). Plays an important role during the maintenance of self-tolerance by peroxidizing membrane-bound phosphatidylethanolamine which can then signal the sorting process for clearance of apoptotic cells during inflammation and prevent an autoimmune response. In addition to its role in the immune and inflammatory responses, this enzyme may play a role in epithelial wound healing in the cornea through production of lipoxin A4 (LXA(4)) and docosahexaenoic acid-derived neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1; 10R,17S-HDHA), both lipid autacoids exhibit anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, it may regulate actin polymerization which is crucial for several biological processes such as the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. It is also implicated in the generation of endogenous ligands for peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR-gamma), hence modulating macrophage development and function. It may also exert a negative effect on skeletal development by regulating bone mass through this pathway. As well as participates in ER stress and downstream inflammation in adipocytes, pancreatic islets, and liver (By similarity). Finally, it is also involved in the cellular response to IL13/interleukin-13 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein Lipid droplet Note=Predominantly cytosolic; becomes enriched at membranes upon calcium binding. Translocates from the cytosol to the plasma membrane when stimulated by IL13/interleukin-13 and in macrophages binding apoptotic cells. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lipoxygenase family.


FUNCTION: Mitochondrial antiporter which catalyzes the transport of citrate and oxoglutarate across the membrane. Also shows specificity for oxaloacetate, and to a lesser extent succinate and fumarate. Transports isocitrate, cis-aconitate and L-malate with very low efficiency. Does not show uniporter activity. Helps to maintain normal citrate levels and NADPH/NADP(+) ratios under conditions of oxidative stress. In addition, associates with the mitochondrial nucleoid and binds DNA in vitro, although the relevance of these data in vivo is unclear. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoid. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.


FUNCTION: Removes the 1-phosphate group from tetra- and probably hexaacylated lipid A species, has no requirement for the Kdo moiety of lipid A (PubMed:15489235). Has no 4'-phosphatase activity (PubMed:15489235, PubMed:16740959). Has no activity on phospholipids (phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine or cardiolipin). This enzyme has to act before EptA can attach phosphoethanolamine to the 1- position of lipid A (PubMed:16740959). Absence of the 1-phosphate group renders the bacteria partially resistant to host-derived cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMP), allowing it to camouflage itself from the host innate immune response, and plays a role in the long-term colonization of the host's stomach (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Activity depends on msbA function when expressed in E.coli, strongly suggesting this protein acts in the periplasm (MsbA flips the lipopolysaccharide precursor across the inner cell membrane). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the lipid A LpxE 1-phosphatase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.


FUNCTION: May play a key role in regulating the relative amounts of cyclic and non-cyclic electron flow to meet the demands of the plant for ATP and reducing power. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, cyanelle stroma. Plastid, cyanelle thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Stromal side Note=In the vicinity of the photosystem I. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in phospholipid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first step in phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the choline/ethanolamine kinase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen Golgi apparatus lumen.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes a proton abstraction reaction that results in 2,5- elimination of pyruvate from 2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3- cyclohexene-1-carboxylate (SEPHCHC) and the formation of 2-succinyl-6- hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate (SHCHC). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. MenH family.


FUNCTION: P37 is part of a high-affinity transport system. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor.


FUNCTION: Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family.


FUNCTION: Cell division protein that may be involved in stabilizing or promoting the assembly of the division complex. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein Note=Localizes to the division septum. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FtsQ/DivIB family. DivIB subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays an important role in sperm motility and male fertility (By similarity). Required for sperm midpiece flexibility and for the localization of sperm calcineurin to the mitochondria (By similarity). Promotes mitophagy as well as acts as an autophagy mediator in male germline cells (By similarity). Links damaged mitochondria to autophagosomes via its binding to the outer mitochondrial membrane protein VDAC2, as well as to key autophagy machinery component ATG16L1 (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondrion.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the oxidation of glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), with a reduction of O2 to H2O2. The formation of hydrogen peroxide by this enzyme is crucial for cytotoxic effects on host cells. Does not show any dehydrogenase activity with NAD(+). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to form ceramide and phosphocholine. Ceramide mediates numerous cellular functions, such as apoptosis and growth arrest, and is capable of regulating these 2 cellular events independently. Also hydrolyzes sphingosylphosphocholine. Regulates the cell cycle by acting as a growth suppressor in confluent cells. Probably acts as a regulator of postnatal development and participates in bone and dentin mineralization (PubMed:15051724, PubMed:15764706, PubMed:15929065, PubMed:16025116). Binds to anionic phospholipids (APLs) such as phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA) that modulate enzymatic activity and subcellular location (PubMed:21550973). May be involved in IL-1-beta-induced JNK activation in hepatocytes (By similarity). May act as a mediator in transcriptional regulation of NOS2/iNOS via the NF-kappa-B activation under inflammatory conditions (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor Cell membrane; Lipid- anchor Note=May localize to detergent- resistant subdomains of Golgi membranes of hypothalamic neurosecretory neurons (PubMed:15764706). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the neutral sphingomyelinase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Acts as a 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate 3-phosphatase, by mediating the dephosphorylation of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) to produce phospho-D-glycerate without formation of 3-phosphoglycerate (By similarity). Acts as a phosphoinositide 5- and phosphoinositide 6- phosphatase and regulates cellular levels of inositol pentakisphosphate (InsP5) and inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6). May play a role in bone development (endochondral ossification). May play a role in the transition of chondrocytes from proliferation to hypertrophy (By similarity). Through the regulation of intracellular inositol polyphosphates, may control intracellular cation homeostasis, including that of calcium and iron, hence affecting free cation availability required for neural cell signaling (PubMed:33257696). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen Cell membrane Note=Also attached to the plasma membrane in erythrocytes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. MINPP1 subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.


FUNCTION: GTPase involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport, participating both to the import and the export from the nucleus of proteins and RNAs. Switches between a cytoplasmic GDP- and a nuclear GTP-bound state by nucleotide exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Nuclear import receptors such as importin beta bind their substrates only in the absence of GTP- bound RAN and release them upon direct interaction with GTP-bound RAN, while export receptors behave in the opposite way. Thereby, RAN controls cargo loading and release by transport receptors in the proper compartment and ensures the directionality of the transport. Interaction with RANBP1 induces a conformation change in the complex formed by XPO1 and RAN that triggers the release of the nuclear export signal of cargo proteins. RAN (GTP-bound form) triggers microtubule assembly at mitotic chromosomes and is required for normal mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome segregation. Required for normal progress through mitosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Nucleus envelope Cytoplasm, cytosol Cytoplasm Note=Predominantly nuclear during interphase. Becomes dispersed throughout the cytoplasm during mitosis (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.


FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Mnh complex is a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter involved in Na(+) excretion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CPA3 antiporters (TC 2.A.63) subunit E family.


FUNCTION: Required for normal septin function and cytokinesis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. Bud. Note=Arrives at the bud site approximately coincident with bud emergence and dissociates from the septin scaffold before cytokinesis.


FUNCTION: Regulates intra- and extracellular levels of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), probably functioning as PPi transporter. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ANKH family.


FUNCTION: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) or matrixins may play a role in the degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) during development or in response to stresses (By similarity). Active on Mca-KESAbuNLFVLKDpaR-NH(2) (QF75) and, to some extent, on McaPLGLDpaAR-NH(2) (QF24), myelin basic protein (MBP) and beta-casein (PubMed:24156403). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI- anchor; Extracellular side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) subfamily.


FUNCTION: Possible molecular chaperone; assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TCP-1 chaperonin family.


FUNCTION: Acts as a ventralizing factor during embryogenesis. Inhibits axin-mediated JNK activation by binding axin and disrupting axin homodimerization. This in turn antagonizes a Wnt/beta-catenin- independent dorsalization pathway activated by AXIN/JNK-signaling (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AIDA family.


FUNCTION: May be required for cell cycle progression. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.


FUNCTION: Binds to target promoter DNA and functions as transcription regulator. Regulates transcription from the PADI1 and CDH2 promoter. May be one regulator of transcriptional events during hemopoietic development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydroxylation of the N(6)-(4-aminobutyl)-L- lysine intermediate to form hypusine, an essential post-translational modification only found in mature eIF-5A factor. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the deoxyhypusine hydroxylase family.


FUNCTION: Reductase component of the propane 2-monooxygenase multicomponent enzyme system which is involved in the degradation of propane via the O2-dependent hydroxylation of propane. Reductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH or NADPH to monooxygenase (Probable). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TmoA/XamoA family.


FUNCTION: Endonuclease that cleaves polypeptidyl-tRNAs downstream of the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) pathway to release incompletely synthesized polypeptides for degradation (By similarity). The RQC pathway disassembles aberrantly stalled translation complexes to recycle or degrade the constituent parts (By similarity). Dispensable for viability and growth but is required for protection against oxidative stress and for wild-type life span (PubMed:21070972). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Note=translocates from the cytosol to mitochondria upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ANKZF1/VMS1 family.


FUNCTION: This phosphoprotein, required for both the initiation and the maintenance of neoplastic transformation, is a protein kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in vitro. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Lysosome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sulfatase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the import and folding of small cysteine- containing proteins (small Tim) in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS). Forms a redox cycle with ERV1 that involves a disulfide relay system. Precursor proteins to be imported into the IMS are translocated in their reduced form into the mitochondria. The oxidized form of MIA40 forms a transient intermolecular disulfide bridge with the reduced precursor protein, resulting in oxidation of the precursor protein that now contains an intramolecular disulfide bond and is able to undergo folding in the IMS (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein; Intermembrane side.


FUNCTION: As a component of IFT complex A (IFT-A), a complex required for retrograde ciliary transport and entry into cilia of G protein- coupled receptors (GPCRs), it is involved in ciliogenesis (PubMed:28400947, PubMed:28973684). Involved in retrograde ciliary transport along microtubules from the ciliary tip to the base (PubMed:21378380). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell projection, cilium Note=Associated with microtubules (PubMed:22361696). Localized at the distal tip of the cilium (PubMed:28973684). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IFT43 family.


FUNCTION: Defends the organism against the host's proteinases. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serine protease inhibitor-like (TIL domain- containing) family.


FUNCTION: Major toxin belonging to the bicyclic octapeptides amatoxins that acts by binding non-competitively to RNA polymerase II and greatly slowing the elongation of transcripts from target promoters (PubMed:24050899). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MSDIN fungal toxin family.


FUNCTION: Stimulates the transcription of various genes by recognizing and binding to a CCAAT motif in promoters. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NFYA/HAP2 subunit family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the synthesis of 5,6-dihydrouridine (D), a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs, via the reduction of the C5-C6 double bond in target uridines. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Dus family.


FUNCTION: Enkephalin neuropeptides compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.


FUNCTION: Ubiquitin exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored- polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ubiquitin family.


FUNCTION: Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex) (PubMed:28781166). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA (PubMed:10523320). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.


FUNCTION: NAD-dependent lysine demalonylase, desuccinylase and deglutarylase that specifically removes malonyl, succinyl and glutaryl groups on target proteins. Has weak NAD-dependent protein deacetylase activity; however this activity may not be physiologically relevant in vivo. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class III subfamily.


FUNCTION: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of brefeldin A (BFA), a protein transport inhibitor that shows antiviral, antifungal, and antitumor properties (PubMed:24845309). The proposed biosynthesis of BFA involves formation of an acyclic polyketide chain that is differentially tailored throughout the backbone (PubMed:24845309). The highly reducing polyketide synthase Bref-PKS is proposed to synthesize the precisely reduced octaketide precursor, which could then be directly offloaded by the thiohydrolase enzyme Bref-TH followed by a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-mediated formation of the cyclopentane ring and macrocyclization to afford 7-deoxy BFA. Alternatively, the first ring annulation can also occur on the ACP-tethered intermediate before the thiohydrolase release and lactonization (PubMed:24845309). The C7- hydroxylation by another cytochrome P450 monooxygenase is believed to be the final step in the process to obtain the final structure of BFA (PubMed:24845309). In addition to the HRPKS Bref-PKS and the thiohydrolase Bref-TH, the brefeldin A biosynthesis cluster contains 4 cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (called orf3 to orf6), as well a the probable cluster-specific transcription regulator orf8 (PubMed:24845309). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: This is one of the proteins encoded by the trfB operon; it is involved in plasmid maintenance and replication. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ParA family.


FUNCTION: Thermolysin-like specificity, but is almost confined on acting on polypeptides of up to 30 amino acids (PubMed:3162886). Biologically important in the destruction of opioid peptides such as Met- and Leu-enkephalins by cleavage of a Gly-Phe bond. Catalyzes cleavage of bradykinin, substance P and neurotensin peptides (By similarity). Able to cleave angiotensin-1, angiotensin-2 and angiotensin 1-9. Involved in the degradation of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and brain natriuretic factor (BNP(1-32)) (By similarity). Displays UV-inducible elastase activity toward skin preelastic and elastic fibers (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peptidase M13 family.


FUNCTION: Cytoskeletal protein required for organization of normal actin cytoskeleton. Roles in establishing cell morphology, motility, cell adhesion and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in a variety of cell types. May function as a scaffolding molecule with the potential to influence both actin polymerization and the assembly of existing actin filaments into higher-order arrays. Binds to proteins that bind to either monomeric or filamentous actin. Localizes at sites where active actin remodeling takes place, such as lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Different isoforms may have functional differences. Plays a role in neurite outgrowth and in the establishment of polarity during neuronal morphogenesis. Participates in the acquisition of the reactive astrocyte morphology. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cell junction, focal adhesion Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line Cell projection, ruffle Cell projection, podosome Cell projection, lamellipodium Cell projection, axon Cell projection, growth cone Note=Localizes to stress fibers (PubMed:16868024, PubMed:11553711, PubMed:16125169, PubMed:22659164). Localizes to Z lines (PubMed:16868024, PubMed:11553711, PubMed:16125169). Preferentially expressed in the excitatory presynaptic terminals (PubMed:11438925). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the myotilin/palladin family.


FUNCTION: Molecular chaperone capable of stabilizing a range of proteins. Seems to fulfill an ATP-independent, HSP70-like function in archaeal de novo protein folding (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.


FUNCTION: Mechanosensitive channel that participates in the regulation of osmotic pressure changes within the cell, opening in response to stretch forces in the membrane lipid bilayer, without the need for other proteins. Contributes to normal resistance to hypoosmotic shock. Forms an ion channel of 1.0 nanosiemens conductance with a slight preference for anions. The channel is sensitive to voltage; as the membrane is depolarized, less tension is required to open the channel and vice versa. The channel is characterized by short bursts of activity that last for a few seconds. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MscS (TC 1.A.23) family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL29 family.


FUNCTION: With LigD forms a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair enzyme, which repairs dsDNA breaks with reduced fidelity. Binds linear dsDNA with 5'- and 3'- overhangs but not closed circular dsDNA nor ssDNA. Recruits and stimulates the ligase activity of LigD. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the prokaryotic Ku family.


FUNCTION: Dephosphorylates several organic phosphate monoesters including 5'-AMP, 3'-AMP, pNPP, PDP, 5'-UMP, 3'-UMP, G2P, glucose 6-P and ribose 5-P. No activity toward organic phosphate diesters. Also has a phosphotransferase activity catalyzing the transfer of low-energy phosphate groups from organic phosphate monoesters to free hydroxyl groups of various organic compounds. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class B bacterial acid phosphatase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the endo hydrolysis of beta-1,4-linked mannan, galactomannan and glucomannan. It is able to hydrolyze mannosidic linkages that are flanked by mannose or glucose. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family.


FUNCTION: Involved in gonadal development. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


FUNCTION: Strongly inhibits juvenile hormone biosynthesis. May act as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the allatostatin family.


FUNCTION: Specific towards N-containing N-heterocyclic substrates, including isoquinoline, isoquinolin-5-ol, phthalazine and quinazoline.


FUNCTION: Function prior to stable branch point recognition by the U1 snRNP particle to facilitate or stabilize the U1 snRNP/5'-splice site interaction. Has a direct role in the assembly or function of a catalytically active spliceosome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PRP39 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in recycling plasma membrane proteins internalized by endocytosis. Required for recycling of the v-SNARE SNC1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Bud neck Cell tip Note=In unpolarized G1 cells this protein is found in patches in the cytoplasm, while after bud emergence it is concentrated in nascent buds and at the mother-bud neck. Accumulates at the shmoo tips of cells treated with pheromone. Localization depends on an intact actin cytoskeleton and a functional secretory pathway.


FUNCTION: Involved in the dimethyl sulfide degradation pathway. Catalyzes the oxidation of dimethylsulfone (DMSO2) to yield methanesulfinate, which is oxidized spontaneously to methanesulfonate in the presence of dioxygen and FMNH(2). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SsuD family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex ArtPIQMJ involved in arginine transport. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane. FUNCTION: Part of the ABC transporter complex ArtPIQMJ involved in arginine transport. Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. HisMQ subfamily.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ZFPL1 family.


FUNCTION: Antitumor protein. Has a powerful and dose-dependent inhibitory effect on antigen, superantigen, or mitogen-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation. It may inhibit cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle and inducing apoptosis (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arginine deiminase family. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the arginine deiminase family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydroxylation of nicotinate to 6- hydroxynicotinate. Also active against 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid, but inactive against other nicotinate analogs. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family.


FUNCTION: Has NAD-dependent 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Converts oestradiol to oestrone. The physiological substrate is not known. Acts on oestradiol and 5-androstene-3-beta,17-beta-diol (in vitro). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.


FUNCTION: Male pheromone which stimulates female sexual attraction to male urinary scent and promotes a strong learned attraction to the airborne urinary odor of an individual male (PubMed:20525243, PubMed:31996852). Promotes spatial learning by rapidly conditioning preference for its remembered location among females and competitor males so that animals prefer to spend time in the site even when scent is absent (PubMed:23239735). In addition to promoting a rapid attraction response, also elicits ultrasonic vocalizations and urinary scent marking in females which do not occur immediately after exposure (PubMed:31996852). Stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis and cell proliferation in the subventricular zone in females (PubMed:25972792). Promotes male aggressive behavior (PubMed:18064011). Response to Mup20 is mediated by a neural circuit extending from the accessory olfactory bulb to a subset of nitric oxidase synthase-expressing neurons in the medial amygdala (PubMed:31996852). As well as acting as a pheromone itself, binds most of the male pheromone, 2-sec-butyl-4,5- dihydrothiazole, in urine and is responsible for its slow release from scent marks (PubMed:15934926, PubMed:25279835). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.


FUNCTION: Sodium and pyrimidine nucleoside symporter of the plasma membrane that imports uridine, thymidine and cytidine into cells by coupling their transport to the transmembrane sodium electrochemical gradient. Also transports adenosine, an atypical substrate transported with high apparent affinity, but low maximum velocity. Therefore, exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cit or N2 subtype (N2/cit). Involved in renal nucleoside (re)absorption. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) (TC 2.A.41) family.


FUNCTION: Required for induction of competence. Seems to transport the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. HlyB family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid, a growth regulator that is implicated also as a signaling molecule in plant defense. Converts 13-hydroperoxylinolenic acid to 12,13-epoxylinolenic acid (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.


FUNCTION: C-type lectin-like receptor involved in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion in keratinocytes via its interaction with CLEC2A. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.


FUNCTION: May catalyze the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)- amino acid conjugates, providing a mechanism for the plant to cope with the presence of excess auxin. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family.


FUNCTION: Proton-coupled metal ion symporter operating with a proton to metal ion stoichiometry of 1:1 (PubMed:9242408, PubMed:16091957). Selectively transports various divalent metal cations, in decreasing affinity: Cd(2+) > Fe(2+) > Co(2+), Mn(2+) >> Zn(2+), Ni(2+), VO(2+) (PubMed:9242408, PubMed:16091957, PubMed:29317744) (By similarity). Essential for maintenance of iron homeostasis by modulating intestinal absorption of dietary Fe(2+) and TF-associated endosomal Fe(2+) transport in erythroid precursors and other cells (PubMed:9242408) (By similarity). Enables Fe(2+) and Mn(2+) ion entry into mitochondria, and is thus expected to promote mitochondrial heme synthesis, iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and antioxidant defense (PubMed:29317744). Can mediate uncoupled fluxes of either protons or metal ions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Early endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Recycling endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Late endosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Lysosome membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Mitochondrion outer membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Extracellular vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NRAMP family.


FUNCTION: Involved in intracellular signal transduction mediated by cytokines and growth factors. Upon IL-2 and GM-CSL stimulation, it plays a role in signaling leading to DNA synthesis and MYC induction. May also play a role in T-cell development. Involved in down-regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase via multivesicular body (MVBs) when complexed with HGS (ESCRT-0 complex). The ESCRT-0 complex binds ubiquitin and acts as sorting machinery that recognizes ubiquitinated receptors and transfers them to further sequential lysosomal sorting/trafficking processes (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Early endosome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the STAM family.


FUNCTION: May be involved in nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). Binds and presumably selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Prefers multiubiquitin chains rather than single ubiquitins, with a binding affinity for 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains. Acts as a ubiquitin receptor that associates with the 26S proteasomal docking subunit RPN10 for the indirect recognition of ubiquitinated substrates of ubiquitin/26S proteasome-mediated proteolysis (UPP). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RAD23 family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the production of itaconic acid, a soluble unsaturated dicarboxylic acid mainly produced from sugars. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PrpD family.


FUNCTION: Could be a pectinolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes the alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1,4)-alpha-D-galacturonopyranosyl glycosidic linkage by beta-elimination, thereby generating oligosaccharides terminating at the non-reducing end with a hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid residue. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 4 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the reversible cleavage of pseudouridine 5'- phosphate (PsiMP) to ribose 5-phosphate and uracil. Functions biologically in the cleavage direction, as part of a pseudouridine degradation pathway. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the pseudouridine-5'-phosphate glycosidase family.


FUNCTION: This major soluble protein in olfactory sensilla of male moths serves to solubilize the extremely hydrophobic pheromone molecules such as bombykol and to transport pheromone through the aqueous lymph to receptors located on olfactory cilia. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PBP/GOBP family.


FUNCTION: The S.cerevisiae Ras proteins modulate the activity of the adenylate cyclase catalytic subunit and therefore affect the biosynthesis of cyclic-AMP. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.


FUNCTION: Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). May act by forming a heterodimer with ctu1/atpbd3 that ligates sulfur from thiocarboxylated urm1 onto the uridine of tRNAs at wobble position. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CTU2/NCS2 family.


FUNCTION: Has a role in meiosis. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Single- pass membrane protein Note=Localizes to the barrier septum and cell tip.


FUNCTION: Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA- dependent ATPase activity. Unwinds duplex DNA (By similarity). Component of the meiotic recombination pathway. Seems to play a role in mediating chromosome homology search, chromosome pairing and synapsis at early stages and probably chromosome crossing-over at later stages in meiosis. Probably is involved in the repair of meiotic double strand breaks (DBSs) and in homologous recombination. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Hydrolyzes malto-oligosaccharides, but has a low activity toward soluble starch. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 31 family.


FUNCTION: Component of the abdominal endocuticle.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AIM18/AIM46 family.


FUNCTION: Required for myofibril assembly and outgrowth of the cardiac chambers in the developing heart (By similarity). Appears to be catalytically inactive, showing no activity against O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ADP-ribosylglycohydrolase family.


SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GOLGA8 family.


FUNCTION: Interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPase that plays important roles in innate immunity against a diverse range of bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens. Hydrolyzes GTP to GMP in two consecutive cleavage reactions: GTP is first hydrolyzed to GDP and then to GMP in a processive manner. Following infection, recruited to the pathogen- containing vacuoles or vacuole-escaped bacteria and promotes both autophagy and inflammasome assembly (By similarity). Promotes host defense against bacterial infections by regulating bacteriolytic peptide generation via its interaction with ubiquitin-binding protein SQSTM1, which delivers monoubiquitinated proteins to autolysosomes for the generation of bacteriolytic peptides (By similarity). Also acts as a positive regulator of inflammasome assembly by promoting the release of inflammasome ligands from bacteria. Acts by promoting lysis of pathogen-containing vacuoles, releasing pathogens into the cytosol. Following pathogen release in the cytosol, promotes recruitment of proteins that mediate bacterial cytolysis: this liberates ligands that are detected by inflammasomes, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that activates the non-canonical CASP4/CASP11 inflammasome or double- stranded DNA (dsDNA) that activates the AIM2 inflammasome (By similarity). Confers protection to several pathogens, including the bacterial pathogens L.monocytogenes and M.bovis BCG as well as the protozoan pathogen T.gondii (By similarity). Exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasm Secreted Note=Localizes to pathogen-containing vacuoles or to the cell surface of bacteria that escaped vacuoles. Secreted from endothelial cells in the cerebrospinal fluid, upon bacterial challenge and independently of IFNG induction. Golgi membrane localization requires isoprenylation and the presence of another IFNG- induced factor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.


FUNCTION: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm Nucleus Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the APC16 family.


FUNCTION: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre- rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre- ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus, nucleolus.


FUNCTION: A probably essential, minor shell protein of the carboxysome, a polyhedral inclusion where RuBisCO (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, rbcL-rbcS) is sequestered. Hexamers form sheets that form the facets of the polyhedral carboxysome. In PCC 7418 there are several CcmK paralogs with presumably functional differences. This subunit can probably make both homohexamers and heterohexamers with CcmK3. Both hexamers can also make dodecamers, formation depends on buffer conditions. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Carboxysome Note=This cyanobacterium makes beta-type carboxysomes. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial microcompartments protein family. CcmK subfamily.


FUNCTION: Plays a role in limiting the replication of viral DNA in keratinocytes. Recruits the host NCoR/SMRT complex to viral replication foci to mediate repression of both viral replication and transcription. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the papillomaviridae E8^E2C protein family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the BMP lipoprotein family.


FUNCTION: Promotes megakaryocyte differentiation by up-regulating RUNX1 expression (PubMed:25134913). Regulates RUNX1 expression by activating the proximal promoter of the RUNX1 gene and by enhancing the translation activity of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element in the RUNX1 gene (PubMed:25134913). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PITHD1 family.


FUNCTION: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist (PubMed:35418867). Binds to muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and inhibits acetylcholine from binding to the receptor, thereby impairing neuromuscular transmission (PubMed:35418867). Produces peripheral paralysis by blocking neuromuscular transmission at the postsynaptic site (PubMed:35418867). Induces concentration- dependent inhibition of indirect twitches and abolishes contractile responses of tissues to exogenous acetylcholine and carbachol, in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation at 100-300 nM (in vitro) (PubMed:35418867). Prior incubation of tissues with Indian polyvalent antivenom (1 ml/0.6 mg) prevents the neurotoxic effects at 100 nM (in vitro) (PubMed:35418867). Addition of Indian polyvalent antivenom (1 ml/0.6 mg) at the t90 time point does not reverse the neurotoxic effects (in vitro) (PubMed:35418867). Displays non- competitive antagonism of concentration-response curves to carbachol, with a pA2 of 8.01 (in vitro) (PubMed:35418867). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the snake three-finger toxin family. Short-chain subfamily. Type I alpha-neurotoxin sub-subfamily.


FUNCTION: Putative viral proton channel. May play a role in virus entry (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Virion membrane; Single-pass type III membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the influenza viruses type B glycoprotein NB family.


FUNCTION: Bidirectional proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, acetate and the ketone bodies acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate, and thus contributes to the maintenance of intracellular pH. The transport direction is determined by the proton motive force and the concentration gradient of the substrate monocarboxylate. MCT1 is a major lactate exporter (PubMed:9374487, PubMed:9639576, PubMed:10417314, PubMed:19473976, PubMed:8526936, PubMed:10564700, PubMed:11719518, PubMed:17127621). Plays a role in cellular responses to a high-fat diet by modulating the cellular levels of lactate and pyruvate that contribute to the regulation of central metabolic pathways and insulin secretion, with concomitant effects on plasma insulin levels and blood glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Facilitates the protonated monocarboxylate form of succinate export, that its transient protonation upon muscle cell acidification in exercising muscle and ischemic heart. Functions via alternate outward- and inward-open conformation states. Protonation and deprotonation of 302-Asp is essential for the conformational transition (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Basolateral cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Note=Expression at the cell surface requires the ancillary proteins BSG and EMB. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.


FUNCTION: Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 family.


FUNCTION: Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme (PubMed:16552590). Functions as glucose sensor for plant growth and photosynthesis (PubMed:19010999). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast outer membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the hexokinase family.


FUNCTION: The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The H protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein to the T protein. FUNCTION: Is also involved in protein lipoylation via its role as an octanoyl/lipoyl carrier protein intermediate. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GcvH family.


FUNCTION: Forms a channel that mediates water and glycerol transport across cell membranes at neutral pH (PubMed:9252401). The channel is also permeable to urea (PubMed:9252401). Plays an important role in body energy homeostasis under conditions that promote lipid catabolism, giving rise to glycerol and free fatty acids. Mediates glycerol export from adipocytes. After release into the blood stream, glycerol is used for gluconeogenesis in the liver to maintain normal blood glucose levels and prevent fasting hypoglycemia. Required for normal glycerol reabsorption in the kidney (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Cytoplasm, cell cortex Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Lipid droplet Note=Internalized from the cell membrane in response to catecholamine-induced activation of PKA; detected on intracellular membranes and colocalizes with lipid droplets (By similarity). Colocalizes with PLIN1 in adipocytes, probably on lipid droplets (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of flavonols from dihydroflavonols. It can act on dihydrokaempferol to produce kaempferol, on dihydroquercetin to produce quercitin and on dihydromyricetin to produce myricetin (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family.


FUNCTION: Required for the correct formation of lens intermediate filaments. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side Cytoplasm Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton Cytoplasm, cell cortex. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.


FUNCTION: Transcriptional regulator; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of communesins, a prominent class of indole alkaloids with great potential as pharmaceuticals. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Golgi apparatus, Golgi stack membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.


FUNCTION: Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain (By similarity). Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.


FUNCTION: May modulate transcriptional activation by target nuclear receptors. Can act as transcriptional activator (in vitro). FUNCTION: Involved in starvation-induced autophagy probably by its association with PI3K complex I (PI3KC3-C1). However, effects has been described variably. Involved in the induction of starvation-induced autophagy (PubMed:24785657). Stabilzes PI3KC3-C1 assembly and enhances ATG14-linked lipid kinase activity of PIK3C3 (By similarity). Proposed to negatively regulate basal and starvation-induced autophagy and to inhibit PIK3C3 activity by modulating interactions in PI3KC3-C1 (PubMed:25086043). May be involved in autophagosome biogenesis (PubMed:25086043). May play a role in neural progenitor cell survival during differentiation (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome.


FUNCTION: Nucleobase-proton symporter that mediates the sodium- dependent binding and uptake of 5-aryl-substituted hydantoin compounds (PubMed:16621827, PubMed:24952894). 5-indolyl methyl hydantoin and 5- benzyl hydantoin are the preferred substrates, with selectivity for a hydrophobic substituent in position 5 of hydantoin and for the L isomer over the D isomer (PubMed:16621827, PubMed:24952894). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi- pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the purine-cytosine permease (2.A.39) family.


FUNCTION: Causes a rapid but short-lived drop in the level of calcium and phosphate in blood by promoting the incorporation of those ions in the bones. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the calcitonin family.


FUNCTION: [CLE12p]: Extracellular signal peptide that regulates cell fate. Represses root apical meristem maintenance. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [CLE12p]: Secreted, extracellular space. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the CLV3/ESR signal peptide family.


FUNCTION: Binds different tripeptides. Probably recognizes specifically tripeptides composed exclusively of L-amino acids. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Periplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 5 family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-formyl-L-kynurenine to L- kynurenine, the second step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation. Kynurenine may be further oxidized to nicotinic acid, NAD(H) and NADP(H). Required for elimination of toxic metabolites. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm, cytosol Nucleus. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the kynurenine formamidase family.


FUNCTION: Cell surface-associated calcium-binding protein which plays an important role in adhesion and pathogenesis. Mediates interactions with components of the extracellular matrix such as host NRXN1 to promote bacterial adhesion. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall; Peptidoglycan-anchor. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the serine-aspartate repeat-containing protein (SDr) family.


FUNCTION: Adapter protein required for efficient degradation of Spx by ClpXP under non-stress conditions (By similarity). Interaction with Spx stabilizes Spx and exposes the C-terminus of Spx for recognition and proteolysis by ClpXP (PubMed:30982633). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the SpxH family.


FUNCTION: Involved in the degradation of L-arabinose. Catalyzes the interconversion of L-ribulose 5-phosphate (LRu5P) and D-xylulose 5- phosphate (D-Xu5P) via a retroaldol/aldol mechanism (carbon-carbon bond cleavage analogous to a class II aldolase reaction). SIMILARITY: Belongs to the aldolase class II family. AraD/FucA subfamily.


FUNCTION: Functions as an antenna for photosystem I (PSI) under iron- limiting conditions, when phycobilisomes disappear. In the (PSI)3(Isi3)18 complex most of the harvested energy is probably used by PSI; in other PSI-containing supercomplexes a large part of the energy will probably not be used for light harvesting, but rather is dissipated to protect the organism from light damage. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cellular thylakoid membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the PsbB/PsbC family. IsiA/Pcb subfamily.


FUNCTION: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.


FUNCTION: F(1)F(0) ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton or sodium gradient. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. FUNCTION: This protein is part of the stalk that links CF(0) to CF(1). It either transmits conformational changes from CF(0) to CF(1) or is implicated in proton conduction. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast thylakoid membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.


FUNCTION: Catalyzes the formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Required for growth on ethanol or acetate, but dispensable when fermentable carbon sources are available. Acts also on 2- methylisocitrate. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Glyoxysome. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Isocitrate lyase family.


SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.


FUNCTION: May affect the movement of lipids in the cytoplasm or allow the binding of lipids to organelles. SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.


FUNCTION: Part of the ProU ABC transporter complex involved in glycine betaine and proline betaine uptake (PubMed:3305496, PubMed:7898450, PubMed:23249124). Probably responsible for the translocation of the substrate across the membrane (Probable). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell inner membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. CysTW subfamily.


FUNCTION: Together with the serine/threonine kinase Pkn1, may play a role in the specific interactions with host proteins during intracellular growth. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.


FUNCTION: Methylates the class 1 translation termination release factors RF1/PrfA and RF2/PrfB on the glutamine residue of the universally conserved GGQ motif. SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protein N5-glutamine methyltransferase family. PrmC subfamily.