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"""Hugging Face loader for AR.

Keeps the model's own identity (`model_type: "ar"`, `ARForCausalLM`) and uses
Hugging Face's reference modules for grouped-query attention and SwiGLU so
third-party tools (vLLM, text-generation-webui, …) that already know those shapes
just work. Loaded via `AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(..., trust_remote_code=True)`.
"""
from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Optional, Tuple

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from transformers import PretrainedConfig, PreTrainedModel
from transformers.modeling_outputs import CausalLMOutputWithPast


class ARConfigHF(PretrainedConfig):
    model_type = "ar"
    keys_to_ignore_at_inference = ["past_key_values"]

    def __init__(
        self,
        vocab_size: int = 151936,
        hidden_size: int = 2560,
        intermediate_size: int = 9728,
        num_hidden_layers: int = 36,
        num_attention_heads: int = 32,
        num_key_value_heads: int = 8,
        head_dim: int = 128,
        max_position_embeddings: int = 40960,
        rope_theta: float = 1_000_000.0,
        rms_norm_eps: float = 1e-6,
        tie_word_embeddings: bool = True,
        hidden_act: str = "silu",
        attention_bias: bool = False,
        mlp_bias: bool = False,
        initializer_range: float = 0.02,
        use_cache: bool = True,
        pad_token_id: Optional[int] = 151645,
        bos_token_id: Optional[int] = 151645,
        eos_token_id: Optional[int] = 151645,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        self.vocab_size = vocab_size
        self.hidden_size = hidden_size
        self.intermediate_size = intermediate_size
        self.num_hidden_layers = num_hidden_layers
        self.num_attention_heads = num_attention_heads
        self.num_key_value_heads = num_key_value_heads
        self.head_dim = head_dim
        self.max_position_embeddings = max_position_embeddings
        self.rope_theta = rope_theta
        self.rms_norm_eps = rms_norm_eps
        self.hidden_act = hidden_act
        self.attention_bias = attention_bias
        self.mlp_bias = mlp_bias
        self.initializer_range = initializer_range
        self.use_cache = use_cache
        super().__init__(
            pad_token_id=pad_token_id, bos_token_id=bos_token_id,
            eos_token_id=eos_token_id, tie_word_embeddings=tie_word_embeddings, **kwargs,
        )


class RMSNorm(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, dim: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(dim))
        self.eps = eps

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        # computed in fp32 for stability, cast back to the input's dtype
        orig = x.dtype
        x = x.to(torch.float32)
        x = x * torch.rsqrt(x.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True) + self.eps)
        return (x * self.weight.to(torch.float32)).to(orig)


def _build_rope(head_dim: int, seq_len: int, theta: float, device, dtype):
    # same formula as training: cos/sin tables indexed by position
    idx = torch.arange(0, head_dim, 2, dtype=torch.float32, device=device)
    inv_freq = 1.0 / (theta ** (idx / head_dim))
    pos = torch.arange(seq_len, dtype=torch.float32, device=device)
    angles = torch.outer(pos, inv_freq)
    angles = torch.cat([angles, angles], dim=-1)
    return angles.cos().to(dtype), angles.sin().to(dtype)


def _rotate_half(x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    half = x.shape[-1] // 2
    return torch.cat([-x[..., half:], x[..., :half]], dim=-1)


def _apply_rope(x: torch.Tensor, cos: torch.Tensor, sin: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    cos = cos[None, None, :, :]
    sin = sin[None, None, :, :]
    return x * cos + _rotate_half(x) * sin


class SelfAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, cfg: ARConfigHF):
        super().__init__()
        self.num_heads = cfg.num_attention_heads
        self.num_kv_heads = cfg.num_key_value_heads
        self.head_dim = cfg.head_dim
        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, self.num_heads * self.head_dim, bias=cfg.attention_bias)
        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, self.num_kv_heads * self.head_dim, bias=cfg.attention_bias)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, self.num_kv_heads * self.head_dim, bias=cfg.attention_bias)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(self.num_heads * self.head_dim, cfg.hidden_size, bias=cfg.attention_bias)
        self.q_norm = RMSNorm(self.head_dim, cfg.rms_norm_eps)
        self.k_norm = RMSNorm(self.head_dim, cfg.rms_norm_eps)
        self.groups = self.num_heads // self.num_kv_heads

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor, cos: torch.Tensor, sin: torch.Tensor,
                attn_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor]) -> torch.Tensor:
        B, T, _ = x.shape
        q = self.q_proj(x).view(B, T, self.num_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        k = self.k_proj(x).view(B, T, self.num_kv_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        v = self.v_proj(x).view(B, T, self.num_kv_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        q = _apply_rope(self.q_norm(q), cos, sin)
        k = _apply_rope(self.k_norm(k), cos, sin)
        # expand KV heads to match Q (standard GQA repeat)
        k = k.repeat_interleave(self.groups, dim=1)
        v = v.repeat_interleave(self.groups, dim=1)
        out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(q, k, v, attn_mask=attn_mask, is_causal=attn_mask is None)
        return self.o_proj(out.transpose(1, 2).contiguous().view(B, T, -1))


class MLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, cfg: ARConfigHF):
        super().__init__()
        self.gate_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.intermediate_size, bias=cfg.mlp_bias)
        self.up_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.intermediate_size, bias=cfg.mlp_bias)
        self.down_proj = nn.Linear(cfg.intermediate_size, cfg.hidden_size, bias=cfg.mlp_bias)

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.down_proj(F.silu(self.gate_proj(x)) * self.up_proj(x))


class DecoderLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, cfg: ARConfigHF):
        super().__init__()
        self.input_layernorm = RMSNorm(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.rms_norm_eps)
        self.post_attention_layernorm = RMSNorm(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.rms_norm_eps)
        self.self_attn = SelfAttention(cfg)
        self.mlp = MLP(cfg)

    def forward(self, x, cos, sin, attn_mask):
        x = x + self.self_attn(self.input_layernorm(x), cos, sin, attn_mask)
        x = x + self.mlp(self.post_attention_layernorm(x))
        return x


class ARModelBase(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, cfg: ARConfigHF):
        super().__init__()
        self.cfg = cfg
        self.embed_tokens = nn.Embedding(cfg.vocab_size, cfg.hidden_size)
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList([DecoderLayer(cfg) for _ in range(cfg.num_hidden_layers)])
        self.norm = RMSNorm(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.rms_norm_eps)

    def forward(self, input_ids: torch.Tensor,
                attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None) -> torch.Tensor:
        B, T = input_ids.shape
        x = self.embed_tokens(input_ids)
        cos, sin = _build_rope(self.cfg.head_dim, T, self.cfg.rope_theta, x.device, x.dtype)
        # causal + optional per-position mask; is_causal=True in the attention call handles it
        for layer in self.layers:
            x = layer(x, cos, sin, attn_mask=None)
        return self.norm(x)


class ARForCausalLM(PreTrainedModel):
    config_class = ARConfigHF
    base_model_prefix = "model"
    _no_split_modules = ["DecoderLayer"]

    def __init__(self, cfg: ARConfigHF):
        super().__init__(cfg)
        self.model = ARModelBase(cfg)
        self.lm_head = nn.Linear(cfg.hidden_size, cfg.vocab_size, bias=False)
        if cfg.tie_word_embeddings:
            self.lm_head.weight = self.model.embed_tokens.weight
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self):
        return self.model.embed_tokens

    def set_input_embeddings(self, value):
        self.model.embed_tokens = value

    def get_output_embeddings(self):
        return self.lm_head

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        attention_mask: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        labels: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> CausalLMOutputWithPast:
        h = self.model(input_ids, attention_mask)
        logits = self.lm_head(h)
        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            shift_logits = logits[..., :-1, :].contiguous()
            shift_labels = labels[..., 1:].contiguous()
            loss = F.cross_entropy(shift_logits.view(-1, shift_logits.size(-1)),
                                   shift_labels.view(-1))
        return CausalLMOutputWithPast(loss=loss, logits=logits)