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* Symbolic Morphology Engine — Latin verb morphology from raw letters to Boolean grammar
* Copyright (C) 2026 Ahmad Ali Parr
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
namespace Sovereign.Engine;
/// <summary>
/// Latin verb morphology corpus.
/// Each entry maps a word form to its Boolean grammatical feature vector.
/// </summary>
public static class Dataset
{
public static (string Word, double[] Target)[] BuildCorpus()
{
var corpus = new List<(string, double[])>();
// ─── 1st Conjugation: amare (to love) ──────────────────────
// Present indicative active
Add(corpus, "amo", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amamus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amatis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
// Imperfect indicative active
Add(corpus, "amabam", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabamus","PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabatis","PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
// Future indicative active
Add(corpus, "amabo", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabis", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabimus","PERSON_1","PLURAL", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabitis","PERSON_2","PLURAL", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amabunt", "PERSON_3","PLURAL", "FUTURE", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
// Perfect indicative active
Add(corpus, "amavi", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amavisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amavit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amavimus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amavistis","PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "amaverunt","PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
// ─── 1st Conjugation: laudare (to praise) ──────────────────
Add(corpus, "laudo", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudamus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudatis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabam", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabamus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabatis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudabant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudavi", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudavisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
Add(corpus, "laudavit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_1");
// ─── 2nd Conjugation: monere (to warn) ─────────────────────
Add(corpus, "moneo", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "mones", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monet", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monemus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monetis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monent", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebam", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebamus","PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebatis","PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monebant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monui", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monuisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "monuit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
// ─── 2nd Conjugation: habere (to have) ─────────────────────
Add(corpus, "habeo", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habes", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habet", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habemus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habetis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habent", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habui", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habuisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
Add(corpus, "habuit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_2");
// ─── 3rd Conjugation: regere (to rule) ─────────────────────
Add(corpus, "rego", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regis", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regimus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regitis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regunt", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regebam", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "reuebas", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regebat", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regebamus","PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regebatis","PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "regebant", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "IMPERFECT","INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "rexi", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "rexisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "rexit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
// ─── 3rd Conjugation: agere (to do/drive) ──────────────────
Add(corpus, "ago", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "agis", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "agit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "agimus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "agitis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "agunt", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "egi", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "egisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "egit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
// ─── 3rd Conjugation: ducere (to lead) ─────────────────────
Add(corpus, "duco", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "ducis", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "ducit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "ducimus", "PERSON_1", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "ducitis", "PERSON_2", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "ducunt", "PERSON_3", "PLURAL", "PRESENT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "duxi", "PERSON_1", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "duxisti", "PERSON_2", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
Add(corpus, "duxit", "PERSON_3", "SINGULAR", "PERFECT", "INDICATIVE", "ACTIVE", "CONJ_3");
return corpus.ToArray();
}
static void Add(List<(string, double[])> corpus, string word,
string person, string number, string tense, string mood, string voice, string conjugation)
{
corpus.Add((word.ToUpperInvariant(), Features.MakeTarget(
("PERSON", person),
("NUMBER", number),
("TENSE", tense),
("MOOD", mood),
("VOICE", voice),
("CONJUGATION", conjugation)
)));
}
/// <summary>
/// Unseen words for generalization testing.
/// These verbs do NOT appear in the training corpus.
/// </summary>
public static (string Word, double[] Target)[] UnseenWords()
{
return new (string, double[])[]
{
("NARRAT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","SINGULAR"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_1"))),
("NARRANT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","PLURAL"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_1"))),
("NARRABAT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","SINGULAR"),("TENSE","IMPERFECT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_1"))),
("VIDET", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","SINGULAR"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_2"))),
("VIDENT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","PLURAL"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_2"))),
("VIDEBAT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","SINGULAR"),("TENSE","IMPERFECT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_2"))),
("SCRIBIT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","SINGULAR"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_3"))),
("SCRIBUNT", Features.MakeTarget(("PERSON","PERSON_3"),("NUMBER","PLURAL"),("TENSE","PRESENT"),("MOOD","INDICATIVE"),("VOICE","ACTIVE"),("CONJUGATION","CONJ_3"))),
};
}
}
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