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from __future__ import annotations
import hashlib
import json
import os
from pathlib import Path
import tempfile
from typing import Any, Iterable, Mapping
from tom_world03.canonical import attach_hash, canonical_bytes, require_hash, verify_hash
from .learner import LearningRun
from .model import BASE_HANDOFF_HASH, BASE_WORLD_HASH, CANONICAL_SEED_SHA256, PROFILE
STORE_SCHEMA = "TOM-LEARNER-STORE-0.1"
SNAPSHOT_SCHEMA = "TOM-LEARNER-SNAPSHOT-0.1"
COMMIT_SCHEMA = "TOM-LEARNER-COMMIT-0.1"
GENESIS_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA = "TOM-LEARNER-GENESIS-TRANSACTION-0.1"
PROMOTION_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA = "TOM-LEARNER-PROMOTION-TRANSACTION-0.1"
def _digest(content_hash: str) -> str:
if not isinstance(content_hash, str) or not content_hash.startswith("sha256:") or len(content_hash) != 71:
raise ValueError("content hash must be sha256:<64 lowercase hex>")
try:
int(content_hash[7:], 16)
except ValueError as exc:
raise ValueError("content hash contains invalid hexadecimal") from exc
return content_hash[7:]
def _sha256(data: bytes) -> str:
return hashlib.sha256(data).hexdigest()
def _write_atomic(path: Path, data: bytes) -> None:
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
fd, temp_name = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix=path.name + ".", dir=path.parent)
try:
with os.fdopen(fd, "wb") as handle:
handle.write(data)
handle.flush()
os.fsync(handle.fileno())
os.replace(temp_name, path)
finally:
try:
os.unlink(temp_name)
except FileNotFoundError:
pass
def _record_bytes(record: Mapping[str, Any]) -> bytes:
require_hash(record, label="store record")
return canonical_bytes(record) + b"\n"
class LearnerStore:
def __init__(self, root: str | Path) -> None:
self.root = Path(root)
@classmethod
def initialize(
cls,
root: str | Path,
seed_bytes: bytes,
*,
base_world_hash: str = BASE_WORLD_HASH,
base_handoff_hash: str = BASE_HANDOFF_HASH,
) -> "LearnerStore":
target = Path(root)
if target.exists() and any(target.iterdir()):
raise ValueError("learner store target must be absent or empty")
if len(seed_bytes) != 244 or seed_bytes.endswith((b"\n", b"\r")):
raise ValueError("learner store requires the exact 244-byte canonical seed")
seed_sha = _sha256(seed_bytes)
if seed_sha != CANONICAL_SEED_SHA256:
raise ValueError("learner store canonical seed hash mismatch")
for name in ("objects", "snapshots", "transactions", "commits"):
(target / name).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
(target / "seed.bin").write_bytes(seed_bytes)
descriptor = attach_hash({
"schema": STORE_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"seed_sha256": seed_sha,
"base_world_hash": base_world_hash,
"base_handoff_hash": base_handoff_hash,
"publication": "immutable records, transaction, snapshot, commit, then atomic HEAD",
})
(target / "store.json").write_bytes(_record_bytes(descriptor))
snapshot = attach_hash({
"schema": SNAPSHOT_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"base_world_hash": base_world_hash,
"base_handoff_hash": base_handoff_hash,
"accepted_definitions": {},
"sessions": [],
"accepted_sessions": [],
"rejected_sessions": [],
})
transaction = attach_hash({
"schema": GENESIS_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"base_world_hash": base_world_hash,
"base_handoff_hash": base_handoff_hash,
"seed_sha256": seed_sha,
"snapshot_hash": snapshot["content_hash"],
})
store = cls(target)
store._put("snapshots", snapshot)
store._put("transactions", transaction)
commit = attach_hash({
"schema": COMMIT_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"sequence": 0,
"parent_commit_hash": None,
"transaction_hash": transaction["content_hash"],
"snapshot_hash": snapshot["content_hash"],
})
store._put("commits", commit)
_write_atomic(target / "HEAD", (commit["content_hash"] + "\n").encode("ascii"))
return store
def descriptor(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
value = json.loads((self.root / "store.json").read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
require_hash(value, label="learner store descriptor")
if value.get("schema") != STORE_SCHEMA:
raise ValueError("unsupported learner store schema")
return value
def head(self) -> str:
value = (self.root / "HEAD").read_text(encoding="ascii").strip()
_digest(value)
return value
def _path(self, namespace: str, content_hash: str) -> Path:
return self.root / namespace / f"{_digest(content_hash)}.json"
def _put(self, namespace: str, record: Mapping[str, Any]) -> str:
data = _record_bytes(record)
path = self._path(namespace, str(record["content_hash"]))
if path.exists():
if path.read_bytes() != data:
raise ValueError(f"immutable {namespace} hash collision or byte mismatch")
return str(record["content_hash"])
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
path.write_bytes(data)
return str(record["content_hash"])
def _get(self, namespace: str, content_hash: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
path = self._path(namespace, content_hash)
if not path.is_file():
raise ValueError(f"missing {namespace} record {content_hash}")
value = json.loads(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
require_hash(value, label=f"{namespace} record")
if value.get("content_hash") != content_hash:
raise ValueError(f"{namespace} filename/hash mismatch")
return value
def commit_learning(self, run: LearningRun, *, expected_parent: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
current = self.head()
if expected_parent != current:
raise ValueError(f"stale learner-store parent: expected {expected_parent}, current {current}")
parent = self._get("commits", current)
parent_snapshot = self._get("snapshots", parent["snapshot_hash"])
descriptor = self.descriptor()
if run.dataset.base_world_hash != descriptor["base_world_hash"]:
raise ValueError("learning run base world differs from learner store")
if run.dataset.base_handoff_hash != descriptor["base_handoff_hash"]:
raise ValueError("learning run base handoff differs from learner store")
# Immutable literal inputs and derived evidence are published before the
# transaction can reference them. The transaction carries the complete
# ordered hash list, so no evidence object is reachable only by an
# implicit host-language relationship.
evidence_records: list[Mapping[str, Any]] = []
seen_evidence: set[str] = set()
for record in run.all_records():
content_hash = str(record["content_hash"])
if content_hash in seen_evidence:
continue
seen_evidence.add(content_hash)
evidence_records.append(record)
self._put("objects", record)
evidence_record_hashes = [str(record["content_hash"]) for record in evidence_records]
accepted_definitions = dict(parent_snapshot["accepted_definitions"])
sessions = list(parent_snapshot["sessions"])
accepted_sessions = list(parent_snapshot["accepted_sessions"])
rejected_sessions = list(parent_snapshot["rejected_sessions"])
if run.dataset.id in sessions:
raise ValueError(f"observation set {run.dataset.id} already has a committed session")
sessions.append(run.dataset.id)
if run.accepted:
if run.learned_definition is None:
raise AssertionError("accepted run has no learned definition")
accepted_definitions[run.dataset.id] = run.learned_definition["content_hash"]
accepted_sessions.append(run.certificate["content_hash"])
else:
if run.rejection_lineage is None:
raise AssertionError("rejected run has no rejection lineage")
rejected_sessions.append(run.rejection_lineage["content_hash"])
snapshot = attach_hash({
"schema": SNAPSHOT_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"base_world_hash": descriptor["base_world_hash"],
"base_handoff_hash": descriptor["base_handoff_hash"],
"accepted_definitions": {key: accepted_definitions[key] for key in sorted(accepted_definitions)},
"sessions": sessions,
"accepted_sessions": accepted_sessions,
"rejected_sessions": rejected_sessions,
})
transaction = attach_hash({
"schema": PROMOTION_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"sequence": int(parent["sequence"]) + 1,
"parent_commit_hash": current,
"parent_snapshot_hash": parent["snapshot_hash"],
"base_world_hash": descriptor["base_world_hash"],
"base_handoff_hash": descriptor["base_handoff_hash"],
"observation_set_id": run.dataset.id,
"observation_set_hash": run.dataset.content_hash,
"learning_certificate_hash": run.certificate["content_hash"],
"acceptance_decision_hash": run.decision["content_hash"],
"evidence_record_hashes": evidence_record_hashes,
"accepted": run.accepted,
"learned_definition_hash": None if run.learned_definition is None else run.learned_definition["content_hash"],
"rejection_lineage_hash": None if run.rejection_lineage is None else run.rejection_lineage["content_hash"],
"new_snapshot_hash": snapshot["content_hash"],
"authority_rule": "only this parent-bound transaction changes the learner overlay snapshot",
})
self._put("snapshots", snapshot)
self._put("transactions", transaction)
commit = attach_hash({
"schema": COMMIT_SCHEMA,
"profile": PROFILE,
"sequence": int(parent["sequence"]) + 1,
"parent_commit_hash": current,
"transaction_hash": transaction["content_hash"],
"snapshot_hash": snapshot["content_hash"],
})
self._put("commits", commit)
_write_atomic(self.root / "HEAD", (commit["content_hash"] + "\n").encode("ascii"))
return commit
def chain(self) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
result: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
seen: set[str] = set()
current: str | None = self.head()
while current is not None:
if current in seen:
raise ValueError("learner-store commit cycle")
seen.add(current)
commit = self._get("commits", current)
result.append(commit)
current = commit.get("parent_commit_hash")
result.reverse()
for index, commit in enumerate(result):
if int(commit.get("sequence", -1)) != index:
raise ValueError("learner-store commit sequence is not contiguous")
expected_parent = None if index == 0 else result[index - 1]["content_hash"]
if commit.get("parent_commit_hash") != expected_parent:
raise ValueError("learner-store parent chain mismatch")
return result
def reconstruct(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
chain = self.chain()
terminal = chain[-1]
snapshot = self._get("snapshots", terminal["snapshot_hash"])
sessions: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
for commit in chain[1:]:
transaction = self._get("transactions", commit["transaction_hash"])
sessions.append({
"sequence": commit["sequence"],
"commit_hash": commit["content_hash"],
"transaction_hash": transaction["content_hash"],
"observation_set_id": transaction["observation_set_id"],
"learning_certificate_hash": transaction["learning_certificate_hash"],
"accepted": transaction["accepted"],
"learned_definition_hash": transaction["learned_definition_hash"],
"rejection_lineage_hash": transaction["rejection_lineage_hash"],
})
semantic = {
"schema": "TOM-LEARNER-RECONSTRUCTION-SEMANTIC-0.1",
"base_world_hash": snapshot["base_world_hash"],
"base_handoff_hash": snapshot["base_handoff_hash"],
"accepted_definitions": snapshot["accepted_definitions"],
"sessions": sessions,
"terminal_commit_hash": terminal["content_hash"],
"terminal_snapshot_hash": snapshot["content_hash"],
}
return attach_hash({
"schema": "TOM-LEARNER-RECONSTRUCTION-0.1",
"profile": PROFILE,
"semantic": semantic,
"semantic_sha256": "sha256:" + hashlib.sha256(canonical_bytes(semantic)).hexdigest(),
})
def audit(self, *, require_no_orphans: bool = True) -> dict[str, Any]:
errors: list[str] = []
warnings: list[str] = []
reachable: dict[str, set[str]] = {name: set() for name in ("objects", "snapshots", "transactions", "commits")}
try:
descriptor = self.descriptor()
seed = (self.root / "seed.bin").read_bytes()
if len(seed) != 244 or seed.endswith((b"\n", b"\r")) or _sha256(seed) != descriptor["seed_sha256"]:
errors.append("seed.bin does not match the store descriptor")
chain = self.chain()
for commit in chain:
commit_hash = commit["content_hash"]
reachable["commits"].add(commit_hash)
try:
transaction = self._get("transactions", commit["transaction_hash"])
snapshot = self._get("snapshots", commit["snapshot_hash"])
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
continue
reachable["transactions"].add(transaction["content_hash"])
reachable["snapshots"].add(snapshot["content_hash"])
if commit["sequence"] == 0:
if transaction.get("schema") != GENESIS_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA:
errors.append("genesis commit does not reference a genesis transaction")
continue
if transaction.get("schema") != PROMOTION_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA:
errors.append(f"commit {commit_hash} has an unsupported promotion transaction")
continue
if transaction.get("new_snapshot_hash") != snapshot["content_hash"]:
errors.append(f"commit {commit_hash} transaction/snapshot binding mismatch")
evidence_hashes = transaction.get("evidence_record_hashes")
if not isinstance(evidence_hashes, list) or not evidence_hashes:
errors.append(f"commit {commit_hash} promotion transaction has no evidence_record_hashes")
evidence_hashes = []
if len(evidence_hashes) != len(set(evidence_hashes)):
errors.append(f"commit {commit_hash} promotion transaction repeats evidence hashes")
object_hashes = [
*evidence_hashes,
transaction.get("learning_certificate_hash"),
transaction.get("acceptance_decision_hash"),
transaction.get("learned_definition_hash"),
transaction.get("rejection_lineage_hash"),
]
for content_hash in object_hashes:
if content_hash is None:
continue
try:
self._get("objects", content_hash)
reachable["objects"].add(content_hash)
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
for content_hash in snapshot.get("accepted_definitions", {}).values():
try:
self._get("objects", content_hash)
reachable["objects"].add(content_hash)
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
for content_hash in snapshot.get("accepted_sessions", []):
try:
self._get("objects", content_hash)
reachable["objects"].add(content_hash)
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
for content_hash in snapshot.get("rejected_sessions", []):
try:
self._get("objects", content_hash)
reachable["objects"].add(content_hash)
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(str(exc))
chain = []
# Every immutable file must be correctly named and hashed. Evidence
# objects may be retained even if not in the terminal snapshot because
# promotion transactions bind their top-level records.
actual: dict[str, set[str]] = {name: set() for name in reachable}
for namespace in actual:
directory = self.root / namespace
if not directory.exists():
errors.append(f"missing namespace directory {namespace}")
continue
for path in sorted(directory.glob("*.json")):
try:
raw = path.read_bytes()
value = json.loads(raw.decode("utf-8"))
if not verify_hash(value):
errors.append(f"{namespace}/{path.name} content hash mismatch")
continue
if raw != _record_bytes(value):
errors.append(f"{namespace}/{path.name} is not canonical JSON plus one LF")
content_hash = str(value["content_hash"])
if path.stem != _digest(content_hash):
errors.append(f"{namespace}/{path.name} filename hash mismatch")
actual[namespace].add(content_hash)
except Exception as exc:
errors.append(f"{namespace}/{path.name}: {exc}")
for namespace in actual:
orphans = sorted(actual[namespace] - reachable[namespace])
if not orphans:
continue
message = f"orphan {namespace}: " + ", ".join(orphans)
if require_no_orphans:
errors.append(message)
else:
warnings.append(message)
return attach_hash({
"schema": "TOM-LEARNER-STORE-AUDIT-0.1",
"profile": PROFILE,
"valid": not errors,
"require_no_orphans": require_no_orphans,
"commit_count": len(chain),
"object_count": len(actual["objects"]),
"snapshot_count": len(actual["snapshots"]),
"transaction_count": len(actual["transactions"]),
"errors": errors,
"warnings": warnings,
})
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