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README.md
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Keep the shared sample row order when loading features. Shapes, extraction settings, and sampling details are recorded in the per-file metadata and sample manifests.
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```text
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features/
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lcs-1k/{vision,text,samples}/
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lcs-10k/{vision,text,samples}/
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imagenet-200k/{features,metadata,samples,protocols}/
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encoders.json
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FILES.json
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checksums.sha256
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```
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## Download
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Example: download the CLIP ViT-L/14 image features and matching Qwen3 text features from `lcs-1k` into `features/`.
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```python
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from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
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import numpy as np
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root = snapshot_download(
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repo_id="336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData",
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repo_type="dataset",
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local_dir="features",
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allow_patterns=[
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"encoders.json",
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"lcs-1k/vision/clip_openai__l14*",
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"lcs-1k/text/qwen3*",
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"lcs-1k/samples/**",
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],
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)
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vision = np.load(f"{root}/lcs-1k/vision/clip_openai__l14_patch_n1000_seed42.npy", mmap_mode="r")
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text = np.load(f"{root}/lcs-1k/text/qwen3_penultimate_mean_n1000_seed42.npy", mmap_mode="r")
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```
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Use the paths in the encoder catalog below to select other features. The HF Dataset Viewer displays sample metadata; the feature arrays are separate `.npy` files. Raw images are available from the linked source datasets.
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## Encoder Catalog
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[encoders.json](encoders.json) lists feature paths, shapes, metadata, and upstream encoder sources for all 70 encoders.
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<details>
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<summary>Browse all encoders and feature download links</summary>
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| Tokenizer ID | Family | LCS `[T, D]` | ImageNet `D` | Feature files |
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| --- | --- | --- | ---: | --- |
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| [`toklip_l_384`](https://huggingface.co/TencentARC/TokLIP) | DISCRETE | `[576, 1152]` | 1152 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/toklip_l_384_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/011_toklip_l_384.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/toklip_l_384) |
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| [`webssl_mae300m_full2b_224`](https://huggingface.co/facebook/webssl-mae300m-full2b-224) | SSL | `[196, 1024]` | 1024 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/webssl_mae300m_full2b_224_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/069_webssl_mae300m_full2b_224.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/webssl_mae300m_full2b_224) |
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| [`webssl_mae3b_full2b_224`](https://huggingface.co/facebook/webssl-mae3b-full2b-224) | SSL | `[256, 3072]` | 3072 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/webssl_mae3b_full2b_224_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/070_webssl_mae3b_full2b_224.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/webssl_mae3b_full2b_224) |
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</details>
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<a id="datasets-required-by-the-evaluation-pipelines"></a>
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## Data Sources
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<details>
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<summary>MLLM training, evaluation benchmarks, and baseline datasets</summary>
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This repository provides the three cached feature subsets listed below. Raw images, MLLM training data, evaluation benchmarks, and other baseline datasets are obtained separately.
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### Data used by each
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| Method | Data needed | Available here / source |
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ImageNet kNN features have class labels but no paired captions, so they cannot supply an alignment probe's image–text inputs on their own. A full linear-probe benchmark also needs independent validation data.
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###
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The following are example local folders. Keep the image subdirectories recorded in each dataset's annotations.
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```text
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data/
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instructions/pretrain/blip_laion_cc_sbu_558k.json
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instructions/finetune/llava_v1_5_mix665k_drop_ge8kchars.json
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instructions/test/<dataset>.tsv
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images/pretrain/
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images/finetune/
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images/test/
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imagenet/{train,val}/
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coco/
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cc3m/
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SPair-71k/
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tokbench/
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```
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**MLLM pretraining:** obtain the JSON and `images.zip` from [LLaVA-Pretrain](https://huggingface.co/datasets/liuhaotian/LLaVA-Pretrain). Image names in the JSON are relative to `data/images/pretrain/`.
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**MLLM finetuning:** obtain [mix665k](https://huggingface.co/datasets/liuhaotian/LLaVA-Instruct-150K/blob/main/llava_v1_5_mix665k.json) and its COCO, GQA, OCR-VQA, TextVQA, and Visual Genome images using the [LLaVA data preparation instructions](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA#visual-instruction-tuning). The project uses `llava_v1_5_mix665k_drop_ge8kchars.json`, which excludes 395 examples with at least 8,000 conversation-text characters. Image names in this JSON are relative to `data/images/finetune/`.
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### Downstream MLLM benchmarks
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Place the prepared benchmark TSVs in `data/instructions/test/`. Obtain the matching data from these sources:
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| Benchmark / required TSV | Source |
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| `MSCOCO_KARPATHY_TEST.tsv` | [Karpathy splits](https://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/deepimagesent/) and [COCO images](https://cocodataset.org/#download) |
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| `FLICKR30K_KARPATHY_TEST.tsv` | [Karpathy splits](https://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/deepimagesent/) and [Flickr30k images](https://shannon.cs.illinois.edu/DenotationGraph/) |
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Prepare images referenced by the TSVs under `data/images/test/`. Folder names follow the benchmark loader: for example, MMBench v1.1 uses `MMBench_V11/`. TSVs with embedded images can be decoded by the loader. GQA also accepts the filename `GQA_TESTDEV_BALANCED.tsv`.
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Use the [VLMEvalKit dataset loaders](https://github.com/open-compass/VLMEvalKit/tree/main/vlmeval/dataset) for benchmark preparation. Original dataset downloads must be converted to the required TSV format; changing a filename alone is insufficient. Configuration and experiment commands are in the code repository's [Setup](https://github.com/JuntaoTang/MLLM-VisionEncoder-Eval#setup) and [Running](https://github.com/JuntaoTang/MLLM-VisionEncoder-Eval#running) sections.
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</details>
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## Metadata and Integrity
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The released arrays retain their original storage precision. Per-file metadata and sample manifests record available extraction and sampling information. [FILES.json](FILES.json) and [checksums.sha256](checksums.sha256) provide file sizes and SHA-256 checksums.
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05413}
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}
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```
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**Questions or corrections:** open a discussion on this dataset or an issue in the [evaluation code repository](https://github.com/JuntaoTang/MLLM-VisionEncoder-Eval).
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Keep the shared sample row order when loading features. Shapes, extraction settings, and sampling details are recorded in the per-file metadata and sample manifests.
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## Encoder Catalog
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[encoders.json](encoders.json) lists feature paths, shapes, metadata, and upstream encoder sources for all 70 encoders.
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| Tokenizer ID | Family | LCS `[T, D]` | ImageNet `D` | Feature files |
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| --- | --- | --- | ---: | --- |
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| [`toklip_l_384`](https://huggingface.co/TencentARC/TokLIP) | DISCRETE | `[576, 1152]` | 1152 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/toklip_l_384_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/011_toklip_l_384.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/toklip_l_384) |
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| [`webssl_mae300m_full2b_224`](https://huggingface.co/facebook/webssl-mae300m-full2b-224) | SSL | `[196, 1024]` | 1024 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/webssl_mae300m_full2b_224_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/069_webssl_mae300m_full2b_224.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/webssl_mae300m_full2b_224) |
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| [`webssl_mae3b_full2b_224`](https://huggingface.co/facebook/webssl-mae3b-full2b-224) | SSL | `[256, 3072]` | 3072 | [patches](lcs-1k/vision/webssl_mae3b_full2b_224_patch_n1000_seed42.npy) · [pooled](imagenet-200k/features/070_webssl_mae3b_full2b_224.npy) · [10k blocks](https://huggingface.co/datasets/336labs/VisionEncoder-Eval-ReproData/tree/main/lcs-10k/vision/webssl_mae3b_full2b_224) |
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<a id="datasets-required-by-the-evaluation-pipelines"></a>
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## Data Sources
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This repository provides the three cached feature subsets listed below. Raw images, MLLM training data, evaluation benchmarks, and other baseline datasets are obtained separately.
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### Data used by each evaluation methods
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| Method | Data needed | Available here / source |
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|---|---|---|
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ImageNet kNN features have class labels but no paired captions, so they cannot supply an alignment probe's image–text inputs on their own. A full linear-probe benchmark also needs independent validation data.
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### Downstream MLLM benchmarks used in this paper
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| Benchmark / required TSV | Source |
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| `MSCOCO_KARPATHY_TEST.tsv` | [Karpathy splits](https://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/deepimagesent/) and [COCO images](https://cocodataset.org/#download) |
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| `FLICKR30K_KARPATHY_TEST.tsv` | [Karpathy splits](https://cs.stanford.edu/people/karpathy/deepimagesent/) and [Flickr30k images](https://shannon.cs.illinois.edu/DenotationGraph/) |
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Use the [VLMEvalKit dataset loaders](https://github.com/open-compass/VLMEvalKit/tree/main/vlmeval/dataset) for benchmark preparation. Original dataset downloads must be converted to the required TSV format; changing a filename alone is insufficient. Configuration and experiment commands are in the code repository's [Setup](https://github.com/JuntaoTang/MLLM-VisionEncoder-Eval#setup) and [Running](https://github.com/JuntaoTang/MLLM-VisionEncoder-Eval#running) sections.
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## Metadata and Integrity
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The released arrays retain their original storage precision. Per-file metadata and sample manifests record available extraction and sampling information. [FILES.json](FILES.json) and [checksums.sha256](checksums.sha256) provide file sizes and SHA-256 checksums.
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url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05413}
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}
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```
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