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H: Coffee warmer capsule I want to make a small capsule that you can throw in your coffee and keep it warm (not hot, lets say about 40-50C). In the first place, I don't care about power supply - I will have 2 wire going into my coffee. However I do care about it being water-resistant I found wire-wound resistor, will ...
H: A robust way to supply power to a solenoid Solenoids typically heat up very quickly and it seems a few seconds of power supply is already adequate. Does anyone know of a robust/established way for supplying just a few seconds of power to a 12V/1A solenoid? How about cap discharge? Thanks EDIT 1 The solenoid pushes ...
H: Why did my fuse blow after 3+ years of no problems? For several years, I've had a solenoid wired to the 24VDC output of a PLC (Rockewell Automation 1769-OB16). To protect the PLC output card, a fast-acting 500mA fuse was installed between the PLC and the solenoid. The fuse has been working without any trouble for a...
H: Do I need coupling capacitors with this balun? I'm connecting an antenna to Atmel's SAMR21 microcontroller and the datasheet provides this guidance: I've found 2450BL15B100E, an SMD balun, but I'm not sure if it actually contains a transformer, or if it's in fact a lumped LC balun (in which case I'm guessing I wou...
H: Embedded processors gate length New Intel and AMD processor feature processors with 14-22nm gate lengths, and this information is widely available. However, when it comes to microprocessors (PIC, ATMEGA) I have not been able to find this information. Is it "classified" ? As to ARM processors, since ARM is an archi...
H: Please review my board design This is a follow up to my question from yesterday about my schematic Please review my RGB Controller I've fixed the incorrect DC jack component that was present in my previous question, along with adding the ESP caps across the regulator and the ATTiny's VCC and GND. Now I've made my b...
H: Voltage Mode Control of a DC-DC Buck converter My previous question was about a hysteretic-style buck converter: Buck Converter Control Scheme- Why isn't just a comparator not enough? By what I gather from previous answers, a hysteretic-style buck converter would not work efficiently as the switching frequency is ...
H: Powering LED strip and Raspberry Pi from a single 10A 5.5V power supply I plan on making an ambilight project for my TV, using a ~4m 5V APA102 60leds/m LED strip, controlled by a Raspberry Pi. In order to power the LED strip, I bought a PSU rated 10A 5V, which in reality actually measures to ~5.54V. I know this sho...
H: Diode circuit fed with voltage follower doesnt work I have a ldr circuit. In order to drive other circuits i connected a LDR circuit to voltage follower. I want to see at the output either nearly 0V or 9-12V. At Ltspice it works, but at the blackboard output remain same 9V. Yet, at the + pin of the voltage followe...
H: diodes blow with no load on full wave bridge rectifier I have built what I thought is a simple first stage for a power supply consisting of only the full wave bridge rectifier (made up of individual 3A SMD diodes) and bulk capacitance. The moment I apply power through the transformer my diodes blow. I've checked th...
H: Unexpected resistance on breadboard My first question on EE, please be kind. :-) I am trying to learn how the ADC works on this Cypress PSoC 4100 board. The circuit in the picture does nothing but power the board, connect it to the LCD display, and show the readings from the ADC. The ADC is set up to use the inter...
H: What rating should a spade electrical connector have to power an eTopxizu 12v Dc 30a 360w Regulated Switching Power Supply from a US wall outlet? I'm looking to power a Prusia i3 3D printer with RAMPS 1.4 from an eTopxizu Dc 30A 360 W Regulated Switching Power Supply, at the moment I'm looking at how to connect it ...
H: transition speed causing issue with jk flip flop i'm using jk flip flop to latch on a state given by 2 switches to either stay ON or stay OFF, knowing that one of them could stuck on ON which is why i use one of them as the clock input for the 4027B which works fine on simulation but not in the real pcb i've read ...
H: Explanation of the current-voltage relationship of a capacitor I came across the following statement in a textbook: The voltage on a capacitor cannot change abruptly. According to $$i(t)=C\frac{dV}{dt}$$ a discontinuous change in voltage requires an infinite current, which is physically impossible. How does this ...
H: DMOS construction I am learning for my exam , and i am not sure if this DMOS construction si correct. Did i make any mistake or is it as it should be? AI: your circuit is a correct translation of the expression. here is an different circuit that gives the same result but uses only one type of gate. Sometimes it is...
H: Measuring uA current with DMM? I'm wondering if anyone knows the accuracy of measuring uA current with a cheep (~25$) DMM? I need to measure some low power circuits (10-500uA) and I'm deciding whether I should get an analog uA meter or use my DMM. My guess is that the DMM will not be very reliable? I can test it wi...
H: Controling 3 LEDs using only 2 IOs I once saw somewhere that it is possible to control 3 LEDs with 2 IOs and only using LEDs and resistors. The high state is 5v and low state is 0v. With 2 digital IOs, we can have 4 different possible situations for LEDs. 00 -> all off 01 -> LED1 on, others off 10 -> LED2 on, other...
H: convert 3phase 220v into 3phase 165volt I use a frequency converter which has an input of ONE phase 240 volt, 50hz. This device gives me output from 200-240volt, 0-500hz and THREE phase. The spindle motor I have needs input of 165 volt, up to 300hz. This motor is connected in Y-format. I did make three tranformers ...
H: Why using A PCB is better than used a bread board or a vero board? Why using A PCB is better than used a bread board or a vero board? i want some advantage of this AI: First of all they are used in different situations. Often a PCB is a pretty definitive design, breadboard and vero board is mostly used for experim...
H: How can I monitor AC current in multiple wires with a single ammeter? I'm looking for a cheap way to monitor my electricity consumption across multiple power plugs, on a per-wire basis (ie. I'm not looking for total power consumption across all wires) There are many commercial products I can use either at the power...
H: Why a high voltage AC always present in SMPS AC to DC power adapters I'hv seen every 2 pin SMPS AC to DC adapters shows a little high voltage respective to the ground on the out put, on both + and GND wires(or more if more wires present). This voltage is high enough to light small neon bulbs or a line tester, but v...
H: Voltage sensing using Arduino with and without common reference I wish to make a voltage sensing circuit (range -15V to +15V) using an Arduino's ADC. The problem is that since this circuit will be part of a much larger circuit in which the Arduino is performing many other functions as well, the circuit needs to wor...
H: GSM/GPRS reach for Class 4 2W 900MHz/ Class 1 1W 1800Mhz I'm studying differents GSM/GPRS modules and all of them have two operation modes depending the frecuency (900MHz and 1800Mhz). If I'm not wrong, for the same power higher frecuencies have a lower reach and higher trassmision rate than lower frecuencies. My q...
H: VGA levels, why are they wrong? I read everywhere on the Internet that voltage levels in the color components of a VGA cable should go from 0 V (dark channel) to 0.7 V (maximum brightness for that channel). However I tried to measure the voltage coming out of two video cards that I own and I obtained levels between...
H: Optocoupler Question I'm currently trying to create a system to open my apartment's door (using the buzzer) using my raspberry pi, and thought that using an optocoupler would be the best solution - although I'm a complete novice. The only optocoupler that I've been able to find locally is this one, however I'm pret...
H: Calculating current in a dc circuit How can we get the current \$I\$ if all resistances and current \$I_g\$ are known? Is there a special name for circuits like this one? Is this some kind of a bridge? Edit: Edit2: AI: Well, apparently it is a bridge configuration, but one of the diagonals is shorted, therefore \...
H: Why is the modulating shape appear in both sides of the carrier signal in AM? It's about Amplitude Modulation. Can anyone tell me why is this signal wave or modulating waveform shape appears in both sides of the carrier sine wave? Why not in one side only? $$x_c(t) = A_c[1 + \mu x_m(t)]\cos(\omega_ct)$$ I copied th...
H: A-Level Physics: What is the current needed to maintain the wire at a steady temperature of 387∘C? I am stuck on answering an A Level physics question: When a current of 5.00A flows through a tungsten wire in a stream of air at 27.0∘C, the wire attains a steady temperature of 57.0∘C. It may be assumed that the wire...
H: What happens if I parallel two somewhat different size transformer primaries? I have a small toroidal power transformer, perhaps 20VA, about 7cm outside diameter; core cross-sectional area is about \$16 \times 22 mm = 350 mm^2\$. I expect it's a wound silicon steel core. I got a handful of these for $3 USD each at ...
H: What could be the source of this sine wave distortion, visible as equally spaced lines in FFT? I have an MCU controlling a 16bit DAC via SPI (and an additional LDAC output, which triggers the update of the DAC output). The MCU has a precalculated 1120Hz sine wave in a 364-byte long buffer (all calculations in float...
H: LED Driver LM3410X not functioning I am testing below LED Driver Circuitry on breadboard using LM3410X. Input Specs: Vin & DMM = 5V, L = 20 uH R=2 Ohm Only thing is I have'nt connected LED ( I am testing with 10k resistor as dummy load) But somehow I am getting 4.86 V at o/p ( across 10K load resistor ) Can anyb...
H: Using BLE, how fast can I get ~50 bytes of data from the master to a slave? How does that change when increasing the number of slaves present? In personal project of mine I'm looking to have a system where a number peripherals need to have provided to them, in as real-time as possible, small (~50 bytes max) amounts...
H: PIC32 acting as USB CDC HOST to FTDI I'm hacking a design who is already made with a PIC32MX in order to attach a FTDI CHIP to the actual design. This FTDI it should serve a purpose to make a "bridge" between USB and UART in the way to put this Fingerprint Reader working properly. I am not using any UART communicat...
H: What are the terminals in this 6 pin potentiometer? I want to use my 6 pin potentiometer in circuits so I want to know what all the terminals are for. I know the basic principle in the 3 pin pot. I'm completely new so please answer it in simple terms. I have attached a circuit which I want to make which pins do I u...
H: FPGA Simulation - does it need FPGA hardware? Reading through Altera documentation on FPGA programming, I can see that the design flow is made of Design -> Compilation -> Simulation -> Programmation -> HW Verification The design consists of writing Acceleration function units and using IP to build a circuit in sch...
H: Reverse voltage protection and high-side current switch Initially I chose a Infinion PROFET smart high side switch (ITS428L2). In the datasheet it is stated that this device can provide reverse battery protection with external resistor. Frankly, I am not able to figure out how this protection should work: The body ...
H: FPGA VGA driver not working I am not really sure what is wrong with my code bellow for a vga. All I want the program to do is display a solid color on the monitor. I want to use the switches on my card to change the color displayed. I ran the simulation and all the hsync and vsync signals seem to be as expected...
H: FPGA: Bitstream vs. SRAM Object File What is the difference between bitstream and SRAM Object File? I understand that both are outputs of the FPGA design compilation. It seems to me that the SRAM Object File is what is loaded onto the FPGA for programming. Then, what is the bitstream for? Or are those different n...
H: Why is it harder to turn the shaft of an unpowered stepper motor when connecting the terminals of a phase? I experimented this phenomenon, but I don't know why. My guess is it has to do with back EMF, but I am not sure how. I found it's also documented on wikipedia: (For the experimenter, the windings can be iden...
H: Jumper wire for thin connector pin / holes I have a board with a Samtec SFM-115-L2-S-D-LC connector. This connector has 30 (15*2) pin holes, with a 0.050" / 1.27mm pitch, and accepts pins that are smaller than those used in breadboard / prototyping jumper wires. Therefore, I can't directly connect my prototyping ju...
H: spi flash (N25Q) blocks read command I'm using CC2640, and N25Q128A (Micron Serial NOR Flash Memory). SPI is working well, erase and write commands are changing the status register so busy flag rises and i'm waiting until it's clear. The only problem i'm facing is read command, when i'm sending the read command wit...
H: Will connecting a 78L05 or 79L05 voltage regulator backwards fry it? I got a SainSmart digital oscilloscope kit for christmas, and put it together according to documentation I found on the Amazon.com listing for the item. The markings on the board directed me to connect the input pin and output pin opposite of how ...
H: controller circuit for charging 12V 7AH Lead Acid battery from main source and Solar source I need to have a controller for charging a 12V 7AH battery and provide uninterrupted supply. The source for charging would be 12VDC from a PSU or if there is a failure in that from a solar panel. I am confused , I found a ...
H: Where to put the Fuse in a circuit I have circuit where the input can be 12-48V AC or DC. This is fed to a bridge rectifier. I plan to put a fuse and got a bit confused, what is the best place to put a fuse? before the bridge after the bridge on +ive line? AI: The usual approach is on the AC line (inserted into ...
H: Finding an ESC for a LiFePo4 Battery I have a project that uses 12S LiFePo4 batteries, and I need an electronic speed controller. The main problem I have is that pretty much all the existing ones I've found are designed to work with Li-poly batteries. I've seen this post: Will LiFePo4 work with ESC for LiPo? But th...
H: Confusion: Lock range of PLL Suppose we have a type-I PLL whose block diagram is shown below: Here \$k_{pd}\$ is the average gain of the phase detector producing the control voltage \$V_c\$ which is input to the Voltage Controlled oscillator (VCO). In the feedback path we have a frequency divider which divides its...
H: What is the advantage of analog subtractor/summer? Why we use opamps like in figure 2 instead of just add or subtract signals from each other as shown in the first figure? Is this choice differ if I apply DC signal instead of AC one? Sorry if this is a trivial question. simulate this circuit – Schematic created us...
H: use of neutral line in power distribution? Neutral Line - what is the propose of this line ?. In-case Neutral line failure power will be lose ? In power Distribution We are using Line (phase) for input ~240V, In after usage or cycle, What happens the energy ?. its will complete cycle ? ==> Line P ---------->240V...
H: Is NXP's PCA9548A compatible with TI's TCA9548A? I am using TI's TCA9548A in my Projects, but I would like to know if I can substitute it with PCA9548A from NXP. By comparing the datasheets this seems to be indeed the case, but I am wondering why they have different names. By the way, is it really like this regardi...
H: Voltage regulator Current regulation I want to understand the concept of current regulation in the circuit, In my research I came across the following link Boosting Regulator Current for IC 78xx by MJ2955 where in the circuit schematic in link above, the author claims he has obtained 12V,5A as output with 20V inpu...
H: Problem in DC offset with a summer op-amp I've used this circuit as an input stage for a digital oscilloscope. From left to right, the first op-amp provides high input impedance, the second op-amp is used to add DC offset to the signal (which should have no offset), the third op-amp is used to amplify/attenuate th...
H: PNP to NPN Transistor switch I'm working on project that requires I switch a 12v power supply on the high side of a circuit, using a 3.3v micro controller. To make this work, I'm thinking a can connect a PNP transistor on the 12v high side, and connect the base to the collector of an NPN. Then connecting the base...
H: Calculating base current The task is to find the operating point of this transistor: Given information: \$E_{C}=12V\$, \$V_{BE}=0.6V\$, \$V_{IN}=5V\$, \$\beta=200\$, \$R_{B}=440k\Omega\$, \$R_{C}=5k\Omega\$, \$R_{E}=3.3k\Omega\$ The answer to this excercise is \$I_{C}=0.8mA\$ and \$V_{CE}=5.36V\$. My proble...
H: If two resistors were connected in parallel and one was heated, would current flow due to johnson noise? Increasing the heat of one of the two resistors will increase the Johnson noise in that resistor. This will generate a noise voltage across the resistor, will this essentially convert the heat energy into electr...
H: Working of miniature Tesla coil? Can anyone explain the given circuit. I seem to have done it and its perfectly working. But can someone explain the principle/theory and working behind this circuit from when the switch is turned on.. And I also didn't connect the LED If I bring a fluroscent light near it.. It glow...
H: How does a transistor work when collector is disconnected? My transistor works when its collector is disconnected. That is: The LED in the following circuit glows, albeit somewhat dimmer than when I connect the collector. (but it still glows considerably good) simulate this circuit – Schematic created using Circui...
H: Transformer works on PWM at 50Hz? I have an ardunio setup which is giving me output of 5V and 1A at 50Hz with pulse width modulation. I want to use this as input to the step up transformer and generate output of 60V. considering transformer formula Vp/Vs=Np/Ns I will need to have Ns=12*Np. My questions: 1.Will ...
H: How are system configuration flash or eeprom chips programmed? I've seen, quite often actually, a circuit that will have an eeprom or flash chip soldered next to the application chip. Take a look at the ESP8266, it has some kind of programmable memory that sets up the SoC. My question is how was that eeprom/flash ...
H: Why would an electronic timer have a minimum load? I need to replace an electronic timer lightswitch, and both the old one, and this example of a replacement, state that they have a minimum load of 40w. Why would the switch have a minimum load, and what would happen if I used it with a lower wattage bulb? This is a...
H: How is reverse saturation current of a BJT measured empirically? I'm not asking the definition, but wondering how do the manufacturers measure this parameter's quantity in a lab for instance? For example for Ic Vce characteristics they keep Ib constant and they obtain plots. What is the procedure for obtaining rev...
H: Can a current source have a voltage across it? I'm reviewing material from a lower div circuits class in preparation for the upper div class by redoing problems, and this is one of them. Does it make sense for the branch with the dependent current source to have a voltage Va(t) across it? Wouldn't the voltage meas...
H: If a USB Cable is being used between two devices, are the power wires needed? I am trying to figure out a way to give power to an android tablet and a DSLR camera at the same time (for a photo booth). I was able to purchase an AC adaptor "battery" plugin for the camera, but the DSLR needs to be plugged in to the ...
H: Information regarding old AB (Allen bradley) potentiometer JAIN056S102MA i was looking for information (datasheet) regarding this old potentiometer from 1962 on the internet, JAIN056S102MA type J, 1k-ohm from Allen Bradley and i was not able to find any information about it, i want to replace it because it is not w...
H: Electron Flow Confusion Using conventional notation in the diagram below, I understand that the circuit is not complete because the diode is in reverse bias. But knowing that the electrons actually flow from the negative to the positive terminal(direction of the arrows), wouldn't the electrons take a path from the ...
H: ESC motor and battery matching How can you tell if an ESC, brushless motor and Li-Po battery will work together. Specifically, I have a A2212 Outrunner Brushless Motor KV2200, 30A Brushless Speed Controller ESC and I am looking for a battery to run this system. Motor ESC AI: Most brushless ESCs will run pretty much...
H: What is the difference between Ground and Low? What is the basic difference between sending a LOW signal vs GND to a circuit? What If I ground instead of sending LOW? Or similarly what is the difference between Vcc and HIGH? AI: Take a look at this: - It's for a 5V logic system and it tells you what the voltage ra...
H: How can I make an LED glow by touching it with my finger? I can make an LED glow very dimly in all 4 following circuits. The voltage source in the circuits is the output of an AC to DC converter fed into a breadboard. Also, one end of the voltage source is always floating, as shown on the schematics. simulate this...
H: Understanding critical paths So I'm having trouble understanding critical paths. I have the following example question: Draw the critical path that shows how fast the counter can count: Delays are specified as follows: Delay for OR gate is 4ns, Delay for AND gate is 5ns, Setup time for latch is 3 ns, hold time is 1...
H: Can a presure sensor work under resin? I want to make a lamp without a switch, just a pressure sensor under resin and an Arduino. Can the pressure sensor work under the resin? AI: Depends entirely on the resin and the sensor. Some resins are hard, rigid materials when cured and nothing inside them would respond ...
H: what is the base temperature when using ppm/c I am not sure If I have phrased the question right but if not please correct me I want to know when Accuracy Parts per Million mentioned in the datasheet of voltage reference they say for example 5 ppm/c, which from my understanding, for every degree increased a 5 parts...
H: How can I implement a schmitt trigger into a differentiating op-amp in order to reduce the signal noise of the output? The circuit is driven by an LDR, but the output signal is too noisy. Is there a way hysteresis can clean up the noise in such circuit? AI: It is possible to give a differential amplifier hysteresis...
H: SX1272 - LoRa - What is the minimal schematic (needed capacitors/resistors) to use that device? I'm interested in SX1272 by Semtech. It's a LoRa modem. I'm not the best at reading datasheets. Maybe it's because of my poor English. I wonder what is the minimum schematic of such a chip? What capacitors, resistors, in...
H: Op-amp and ideal diode problem: determine Vout as a function of Vin "Determine and graph v OUT as a function of v IN for the circuit shown in Figure 16.31. In doing so, model the diode as shown in Figure 16.29, and assume that the Op Amp is ideal. Also, contrast the input-output behavior of the circuit shown in Fig...
H: Why does compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) save more energy? I read information about fluorescent lamp and compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) but I still don't understand why CFL saves energy and produce the same amount of light? Maybe the electronic ballast consume less reactive power than the traditional ballast? AI: Y...
H: Analysing a circuit to determine what is in series or in parallel This is probably a very basic question but I have the following circuit, I am not sure what is in series and what is in parallel or if they are all in parallel, initially I thought R2 and R3 were in series and then used the sum of their resistances w...
H: RL and RC circuits with ideal diodes Can you help me with this problem? what is V(t) before t=0 ? And also, any hints on how to solve the problem. This is not homework. I'm studying for a final exam and I'm really stuck. So if anyone could give me the whole solution for one of the circuits, I would be very thankfu...
H: Core loss appearing in buck converter ripple current I have been told (and have also seen experimentally) that an inductor with a high core loss will introduce "glitches" to the ripple current in a switch mode power supply. I have tried researching this, but can't seem to find any information. Below is an example o...
H: Feeding back into a rail of a power source I have a power supply with +12v, +5v, and GND rails. Is it good practice to put a 7v motor across the 5 and 12v rails? AI: That is a good way to destroy everything connected between +5 and GND. The motor will draw a lot of current (especially on start-up) and that will ty...
H: Do lithium-ion batteries just lose capacity over time or do they also become more wasteful? My question is if lithium-ion batteries just lose capacity over time or if they also become more wasteful. From a practical perspective, can you easily get around loss of capacity in older batteries/devices by just carrying ...
H: Can I ground the negative DC bus of a variable frequency drive? Suppose I have a typical VFD: rectifier, DC bus caps, inverter, feeding a motor. In general it would not be advisable to tie the DC bus to earth ground, because the AC line may also be referenced to earth. Having two competing ground references in the...
H: Modbus raw data COM capture file example? I'm attempting to use a RS232 tap to sniff a serial connection between two devices that are communicating using Modbus RTU. I'm looking for any capture files taken from sniffing a COM connection or port that contain Modbus RTU (or Modbus ASCII). I would like to compare the ...
H: Question about flow with relay and capacitor (Make Electronics-Charles Platt, Exp. 8) I'm a newbie working my way through Charles Platt's Make: Electronics (2nd Ed). I'm on Experiment 8 and I'm confused about something. The circuit looks like this: What is supposed to happen is that when the button is pushed the c...
H: Heatsink temperature probe I read around that with an anonymous heatsink, you can measure its temperature when at regimen dissipating P watts. Then, (T-Tamb)/P gives its thermal resistance. Is that meaningful? Can I do this measurement roughly to stay on the safe side? I'd like to put the probe in these heatsinks ...
H: Non-resonant RLC band-pass filter To create a band-pass filter using an RLC-circuit, i drew the following circuit (assuming R is given as 120): The corresponding transfer function is $$ H(\mathrm{j}\,\omega)=\frac{120\, C\, \mathrm{j}\, \omega}{1 + 120\, C\,\mathrm{j}\,\omega + C\, L\, (\mathrm{j}\,\omega)^2} $$ I...
H: Can you identify this fuse? Sorry, dumb one really. I just had the heating out for a couple of days and eventually found a fuse blown in a controller for the (LK) underfloor heating. I can't tell what rating it has (amps). It has T200H250V embossed around the end, and is made by ESKA with an S on the bottom/top. Bu...
H: Torque, distance traveled and power consumed I'm not good in math or physics in general. It's hard to me. In a DC motor which from start to end take 1 unit of time with 1 unit of weight loaded is the same thing than 2 units of time with half-weight. The reason I ask this is because I have an old car-window motor we...
H: Power MOSFET or Relay I want to operate a 12V automotive fan with a 3.3V uC signal. The (37-year-old) centrifugal fan draws 3.2A for about 100ms at startup and then a steady 1.2A while running for a maximum of 30 minutes. Originally, I used a Panasonic 12V, 25A automotive relay (www.farnell.com/datasheets/1809465...
H: What type of environment is this? Do you know what type of environment is this? I didn't find any information on Google. AI: ALi used to be a chipset (and minor BIOS, IIRC) vendor. That looks like a Visual Studio 6 knock-off development environment (down to the icons -- compile, make, build, etc.), similar to AMI V...
H: Will cutting the data lines of USB still let the power to go through? I am trying to Charge a USB connected device through a computer without transferring data. An USB 2.0 cable should have 4 wires: Vcc, Data+, Data- and Ground. If I only cut the Data wires and let the Vcc and Ground wires connected, will it still ...
H: Strange parameters in datasheet of 74HC4046 In datahseet of 74HC4046, page. 10. Why the typical value may bigger than the max. value, or lower than the min. value? I don't think it's a typo, because there are others like this, such as p. 16 Any reason? What "typical" mean? AI: Those are not typos. You are not ...
H: Specifications for a charger needed to charge LiFePo4 I have a project with three 4-Cell LiFePo4 batteries. The battery specs: 4S at 3.3V 4200mah 30C I want to charge all 3 batteries in a range of 45 - 75 min (Preferably one hour) What are the specs of the charge I would require to accomplish this? AI: 4200mAh i...
H: How fast can a transistor switch? An NPN transistor can be made a switch by applying some power to the base. Is there a limit to how fast I can switch the transistor on and off, or I can switch it on and off as fast as I can turn the signal to the base on and off? As switching, I mean completely off and completely ...
H: Is it possible to split USB 2.0 control requests? I'm developing an application for microcontroller with onboard USB. The application is supposed to be as portable as possible, so I can't just point to one family in particular. I'm in the process of reading a device's configuration descriptor, however, it is too lo...
H: Two-sided connectorless USB on a PCB This question is inspired by Connectorless USB on a PCB. I saw a cool USB LED on AliExpress that can be inserted in either direction: I'd like to build a board with a similar symmetric connectorless USB plug, but I am pretty sure the unused side of the connector will short out ...
H: LTSpice Instrumentation amplifier simulation output I am using an LTSpice model for an instrumentation amplifier (AD8222) to learn how to simulate things in LTSpice. My output is not what I expected. My model is based on this description: http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-8/the-instrumen...
H: Interfacing atxmega128a with SD Card So I was trying to write a code to connect an SD card to my atxmega128 . Code is nearly ready but when I want to compile it in Atmel Studio, I get errors about not declaring some codes. Some of the undeclared codes are "PORTD , PORTD_DIR, ... " . Question : Aren't these port co...
H: Limitations of MOSFET-pair Current Mirrors simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab For simple MOSFET-pair current mirrors, such as the NMOS version above, are there any known disadvantages that one has to consider? The above example, for instance, does not perfectly mirror the current (I really ...
H: Which Switches Faster? Transistor, Solid-State Relay or Relay Which Switching Device can Switch from Off to On and Off the fastest? Transistor Solid State Relay or Mechanical Relay AI: Transistors are used in extremely high frequency radio amplifiers and transmitters (we're talking frequencies that are many GHz). ...
H: I have a circuit which draws a current of 500mA, and works at 5V. I require it to draw max of 200uA from the supply I have a smoke detector circuit which draws a current of 500mA, and works at 5V. I require it to draw not more than 200uA from the supply. Will a simple current limiter circuit solve this problem? als...
H: How to compensate for weather changes in barometric pressure sensor (BMP180)? I am using BMP180 barometric pressure sensor on an elevator for extended periods (months together), below is the guidance from Sparkfun. Sparkfun guidance: “You should also remember that pressure changes due to weather will affect your al...