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H: Use of Toggle flip-flops and JK flip flops
I was studying digital electronics, especially latches and flip-flops and the like and I came to understand that flip-flops are basically memory storage elements, in that case why would I need configurations to continuously toggle values from 0 to 1, like in the case of J-... |
H: Using capacitive coupling to implement pulse transition
I was reading about master-slave flip flops, used to implement edge triggering and I read that instead of using master slave configurations, using RC coupling to clock inputs could also enable pulse transition. How is this possible?
AI: Your question is a bit ... |
H: Stepper motor resolution
What does "mm/step" exactly mean? Where and how is the distance measured? How can it be converted to °/step?
I have been looking for this, but I haven't found the exact answer.
Here is an example datasheet, where the resolution is in this measure given:
http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/428... |
H: How data movement from large register to small register works in VHDL?
I went through a VHDL sample code for memory management. In that data from a 32 bit register was directly moved into a 8 bit register. My doubt it is how this data movement can happen? Is there is any default condition for VHDL for such data tra... |
H: how can i drive a motor with an inverter providing it's power supply?
I'm trying to drive a gyroscope that needs a 3 phase 400Hz 32v 0.7A power supply. i'm going to use an inverter to provide my supply(1phase to 3phase AC: LS-IG5A-0.75kw). i have 2question about it:
1-can i give a perfect sin wave from an invert... |
H: Should ventless electrolytic capacitors be mounted upside down?
I read in this CDE application guide and this Nichicon application guide that if a screw terminal electrolytic capacitor is installed upside-down, the vent may not function properly and the electrolyte may leak out. Proper orientation is upright, or ho... |
H: Will an SPI flash memory chip have the same issues with non-atomic write operations as a dsPIC's internal EEPROM?
A while back I had some intermittent trouble with the internal EEPROM of a dsPIC. Every so often, some value in the EEPROM would be found zeroed out on power-on. I tracked the problem down to when the c... |
H: What is the purpose of adding a 300 ohm to 500 ohm resistor on the WS2812B Neopixel data line?
Adafruit's best practices for their Neopixel LED strings say:
Place a 300 to 500 Ohm resistor between the Arduino data output pin and the input to the first NeoPixel.
What is the purpose of this optional but recommended... |
H: What effects might an electrolyte leak have on nearby electronic components?
If an electrolytic capacitor were to leak electrolyte on nearby circuit boards, what might the effects be? Short-circuits? Altered impedances? Are there caustic effects? Or is it possible to generalize aluminum capacitor electrolytes to th... |
H: Current spikes in simple transformer?
I'm using 220v -> 48v 830 W transformer directly connected to the 220v grid and used to operate my PCB drill.
The issue with transformer is that it's making irregular (with 0.1-2 min interval) sudden "BZZ" noises, accompanies with current spike in input coil and voltage spike i... |
H: Understanding current, wire size, and voltage drop
I am trying to understand the relationship between these. I have 24AWG 300V copper PVC insulated wire. From what I have learned, this wire can be used to connect a Panel LED that draws <20 mA @ 110V to a 110V main power terminal strip.
I have read that voltage drop... |
H: How to choose an alternative for a specific BJT transistor?
I'm trying to reproduce some circuits with electronic pieces that I've at home. Unfortunately I miss some recommended transistors so I'm trying to understand how to replace them with an alternative transistor and overcome this problem.
How can I choose th... |
H: Switch poles from inverted power to make negative positive?
My understanding is that voltage is relative (where you measure affects voltage) and that current flows with voltage difference.
Why can't you just switch the poles/wires of an inverted signal/power supply to get a non-inverted output?
This is mostly in re... |
H: ARM microcontrollers for robotics
I have been working on ARM9 microcontroller LPC3141 until recently, but I am wondering if there are any better and newer ARM microcontrollers more suitable for robotics.
ADD:
Are there any general rules on how to choose the right ARM? I mean are families like "cortex", ARM9, ARM11... |
H: What's the most efficient way to derive negative voltage for a bench power supply?
I’m building a bench power supply based on two LM317 with the following specs:
Input: 127VAC (from mains)
Output: adjustable from 1.25VDC to 15VDC
Current: limit adjustable from 100mA to 1.5A
In the LM317 datasheet from On Semicond... |
H: What is this type of flexible contact strip called?
The LCD below is from a cheap digital clock which was (obviously) damaged (broken glass).
The electrical connection between the PCB and the display was realized with this pink strip.
Its flexible...
...and consists of alternating rows of conductive and insulati... |
H: Need for edge triggered versions other than master slave
I am studying synchronous digital circuits and I have come to the conclusion that master slave flip flops are edge triggered? Is my study correct? If master slave versions ARE edge triggered, why do we need separate edge triggered flip flop versions like the ... |
H: Voltage regulator IC capabilites
I want to convert unregulated 10-14V DC to 5V DC and 12V DC regulated(constant) supply;This is a buck step down regulated voltage supply IC it outputs the voltage that I require. Is this IC all I need? Or there will be some more components needed?
Will this IC have:
Under-voltage ... |
H: BLE113 Bluetooth 4.0 module with CR2025 3v battery power supply
A question regarding the power supply of a BLE113 Bluetooth 4.0 module: I am attempting to order several bluetooth modules, but the main concern is the power supply. Since I am new in the field of all sorts of modules and electronics, what is the best ... |
H: SIM900 email send recive Firmware > 1137B11SIM900M64 ST?
I just received what I believe is the latest version of firmware SIM900, 1137B11SIM900M64 ST. I did the upgrade and
I try to implement without any results, commands reported in SIM900_Email_AT_Command_Manual_V1.02
One thing I find curious is that these new c... |
H: What are the most common data storage devices in small consumer electronics?
What are the standard ways of data storage in small consumer electronics (routers, phones, etc.)? For simple devices I guess microcontrolles with in-system programmable flash are enough, but for example on a smartphone, would there be an i... |
H: Will an SPI EEPROM chip have the same issues with non-atomic write operations as a dsPIC's internal EEPROM?
A while back I had some intermittent trouble with the internal EEPROM of a dsPIC. Every so often, some value in the EEPROM would be found zeroed out on power-on. I tracked the problem down to when the chip lo... |
H: Understanding the guaranteed data consistency within CAN network
I am reading the CAN spec and it says the following about data consistency:
Data Consistency: Within a CAN network it is guaranteed that a message is simultaneously accepted either by all nodes or by no node. Thus data consistency of a system is achi... |
H: How to get higher amperage out of a power supply?
I currently have a 24V - 5A power supply in a commercial product that may require upwards of 8A from the load. Ideally, I would just hook up another 24V - 5A power supply in parallel and not worry about the overcurrent. However, I know that this is an issue becaus... |
H: How to use "voltage controlled switch" in OrCAD?
In this OrCAD project, I tried to build a really basic DC-DC converter with use of "S" or "SBreak" parts in OrCAD's Analog Library. But, according to analysis (picture below), the blue DC line should be equal to 5 VDC, but OrCAD says it's at 0 V.
I know that the par... |
H: How can I communicate the difference between 2 watts of continuous power and a 2 watt capacity?
I'm trying to understand the difference between a power output in watts and a power capacity in watts, and I'm open to the possibility that I'm thinking about it all wrong.
If I want to charge a battery with a 2 watt-hou... |
H: What do memory configurations like "256Kx18" mean?
This is a beginner question here. When choosing memory ICs, one of the options is the memory size/configurations. I understand the size part, but what does the "16Kx9" mean? It seems the same memory size is usually available in different configurations. I attached ... |
H: What is the proper GPRS / GSM modem setup to work with 5 voltage sensors?
I've been looking at modems and most of them come in RS232/485 input only. I need to hook up 5 different power cables to the modem to monitor their voltage.
Some of the modem's I've found have 4 to 8 digital and analog input/output. I've als... |
H: How do I connect this piece of electronics to show the digit display? (from satellite decoder)
I have the following piece of board/electronics:
Link: https://i.stack.imgur.com/pNErb.jpg
Link: http://i.imgur.com/4BCKU21.jpg
Now, I recently bought an arduino, so I want to connect the digit display to show digits,
I... |
H: What are the various files types in Actel (Microsemi) Libero?
While researching What files/directories are needed to recreate a Actel/Microsemi Igloo2 project?, I found about various files types. But not all are defined in the Libero SoC or Design Constraints, both v11.2 User's Guides. Specifically what are the fil... |
H: 555 saw tooth generator diodes purpose?
I'm given this 555 timer based monostable saw-tooth generator. This is a known arrangement for this part. The difference from other circuits I've seen is that the bias network of the external transistor is composed from a Zener + regular (small signal) diode. Why is the Zener... |
H: How to determine an expression that detects underflow?
This is a part of my computer science assignment:
When adding two unsigned binary integers, an overflow can easily be verified by observing
the carry out. Specifically, an overflow occurred if and only if S' · Cout = 1.
Does anybody know what this S might represen... |
H: Arduino LED matrix and 2D array, data seems to be corrupting
I'm trying to drive an 8x8 LED matrix with an arduino nano, but I can't get the LEDs to display what I tell it to.
I'm using this LED Matrix
Here's my code:
int row1 = 2;
int row2 = 3;
int row3 = 4;
int row4 = 5;
int row5 = 6;
int row6 = 7;
int row7 = 8;
... |
H: Why does splitting a FPGA critical path work to improve performance?
Context
I am currently reading the (very good) course material on "Introducing the Spartan 3E FPGA and
VHDL" promoted here (community ads) and I don't really get the idea of splitting a critical path to increase performance:
The example is about d... |
H: What is the current before arriving a resistor and after leaving it in the wire?
Suppose we have a very simple circuit, with just a resistor between a wire connected to a power source. What's the actual value of current travelling the wire before and after the resistor? Is it different? Or is it the same across the... |
H: ADC pin current consumption
I am using a voltage divider to read about 9V. This divider n/w is connected to an ADC (analogue pin). Now, I am concerned about the wattage of the resistors in the divider n/w. I am using a KL04 Freescale ARM chip. I bring the voltage from 9V to about 2.5V via 10k and 3k n/w. When readi... |
H: Differences between a LM317AHVT and a LM317T
Is there any practical difference between the LM317AHVT and LM317T vis-a-vis regulating a 900mA, 9-12V LED?
AI: The "HV" stands for 'high voltage'. If you look at the datasheets you'll see the main difference is the maximum voltage across the regulator (60V for the HV vs... |
H: Microcontroller requirements for TFT display
I want to know if I can drive this 320x240 TFT display:
http://www.buydisplay.com/download/manual/ER-TFT032-2_Datasheet.pdf
Which has this controller built-in with 168KB dedicated RAM:
http://www.buydisplay.com/download/ic/ILI9320.pdf
Without having to use an expensive M... |
H: Arduino clock speed prescalers at start without fuses
I know it's possible to change the clock prescaler at runtime. But is there a way to set the prescaler that is used at boot on an ATMega328? I'm aware of the fuses, but those are pretty permanent. I want it to start up at 8MHz and see if it's running on a lower ... |
H: Arduino at 5V but 8MHz
Is there any reason not to load the Arduino Pro 8Mhz bootloader onto a 5V arduino (custom design, just a standard ATMega328p)? I'm doing some battery backup stuff with it that doesn't play nice with 16MHz (since the backup is only 3V). But I want to run the rest of the system at 5V under norm... |
H: Why do I need a transistor to control a relay with an arduino, and which one should I get for this circuit?
I need to control a coffee machine plugged into a wall outlet using a relay connected to an arduino. Apparently I need to connect a transistor to the relay. Why? Is it because the arduino can't supply enough ... |
H: Why does my book's D flip flop differ from others?
My understanding of a D flip flop is that when the clock is high and D=1, it sets Q to 1. If D=0, Q is set to 0. So it is like a set to 1 if D=1 and reset to 0 otherwise.
The table repeatedly given in my book is:
D CLK Q QN
0 High 0 1
1 High 1 0
x 0 (last Q) (last... |
H: Small AC Transformer
Came across these small Zwave controllers here .These are small enough to fit inside the electrical switch housing in the wall. Just wondering how is this device so small as the AC->DC transformer is usually pretty big. Are they using some special kind of smaller transformers that are there?
AI... |
H: VGA switch 3 in 1 out
My team and I are going on a software development competition in 1 week. We will demonstrate the software on multiple laptops, but we have only one projector. So we need to be quickly able to switch between VGA inputs to the projector. And we need to have 3 inputs and 1 output. We know the bas... |
H: What happens when plates of a fully charged capacitor are isolated from each other?
I'm a mechanical engineering student and I'm working on a project that involves a high voltage capacitor.
I understand that when the separation between the plates of a charged capacitor is increased, the voltage increases. But I'd ... |
H: Does USB require protection if it is only connected to the regulator input?
I have the following schematic powering my circuit.
Is it required that I protect the USB power pin with some fuse?
AI: It looks like your device is a target as opposed to a host controller. As such your device would be consuming power off... |
H: What is the oscillator used for on HT12E/D?
Every tutorial I've found on the internet connects the oscillator in and the oscillator out with a resistor. What can these ports be used for?
AI: There is an internal RC oscillator (the capacitor is inside, and connected to OSC1). The external resistor forms part of the ... |
H: Determine power needs of a motor
I recently stripped a motor out of an old 2887-z gaf dual-8 mm projector. I'm not even sure if the motor AC or DC, although I suspect its a brush less ac motor. Unfortunately, I disposed of the connections between the chord and motor without analyzing what they did to the power - al... |
H: How do the streetcars in Toronto draw power from the lines?
I've tried googling this but to no avail. I've been trying to figure out how streetcars can draw power from a short circuit.
For reference:
(source: roadstories.ca)
If I imagine the power lines simplified as a shorted battery like so
and we assume the s... |
H: Is PWM bound to a certain voltage?
I have been working mostly with 5V rated MCU but I am venturing into the world of 3.3V rated MCU's.
That should not effect PWM,right?
(PWM is bound to time, not voltage as I understand it)
Any info would be appreciated. Thanks.
AI: The PWM is a discrete-value output that is modul... |
H: Are BJTs used in modern integrated circuits to the same extent as MOSFETs?
On modern integrated circuits, are there as much BJT's on the chip as MOSFET transistor? If not, why?
AI: It is very dependent on the circuit. See this reply on details why one would use one over the other:
When is a MOSFET more appropriate ... |
H: Firmware protection on AVR and PIC controllers
Can someone extract the HEX file that I burn in a microcontroller I provide them?
If that is possible, how can someone ensure that their code is secured in embedded systems? In the case of PIC and AVR microcontrollers, how can one protect their firmware from being repr... |
H: Why is MSP430's Stack Poniter(SP) always alligned to even address?
While I was reading through the MSP430's User's guide, I came to know that its stack pointer is alligned to even address. (Read Pg.189 of http://www.ti.com/lit/ug/slau208m/slau208m.pdf)
Why is it so ? Why is the stack pointer alligned to even addre... |
H: Could this white paste be the cause of intermittent power in a Dell LCD board?
I took apart my Dell 17" to try to repair it. I expected a burned out capacitor or something else obvious but the only thing I found was this white paste touching several components. Could this be the cause of the problems or is it gener... |
H: Can't get output from GP5 and GP3 in PIC12F629
I can't get output from GP5 and GP3 from a PIC12F629 I have. My code is the following:
#include <xc.h>
#define _XTAL_FREQ 20000000
#pragma config WDTE=OFF , BOREN=OFF , PWRTE=ON , MCLRE=OFF , FOSC=INTRCIO
void main(){
TRISIO = 0;
GPIO = 0;
while(1){
GPIO =... |
H: Multi-cell battery measurement design
The task is to measure the voltage of individual cells in a 48-cell battery pack of AA cells in series.
The measurements serve to log performance statistics, warn the user if/when a cell dies, or that a cell is otherwise unbalanced compared to the whole pack. I'm thinking about... |
H: Zigbee communication outdoors at long distance ( around 1 - 1.5 km)
I am planning to put some control boards around the school campus ( planning to use Arduino board with some add-ons). I would like to communicate with these boards and was thinking of Zigbee.
The distance between two controller boards is around 1 -... |
H: PIC12F629 Doesn't react on input
I've build this circuit :
The diode is actually a LED.
With this code on MPLAB x,XC8 :
#include <xc.h>
#define _XTAL_FREQ 20000000
#pragma config WDTE=OFF , BOREN=OFF , PWRTE=ON , MCLRE=OFF , FOSC=INTRCIO
void main(){
TRISIO = 0x001000;
GPIO = 0b000000;
while(GPIO = 0b00100... |
H: Calculation of unknown components in "unbalanced" bridge circuit
A Bridge is a mechanism that is use for measuring unknown values of passive elements in circuit. Generally a DC excited bridge use for resistance measurement (ie. Wheatstone bridge) and AC excited bridge (ie Schering Bridge) for reactive components li... |
H: Is this a good layout for a 5A buck converter?
I have updated this question with the suggestions in comments and answers. Make sure you read everything.
I want to make a PCB for a switching regulator (buck converter). It's a TL5001-based regulator, but this doesn't really matter since the layout is about the power ... |
H: How to wire 2 Female USB plugs into a "Y" USB connector?
I want to make a USB Y connector from a PC USB backplate it is faster than buying one, fun and educational, (a usb hub is 20 dollars here).
I have many PC USB backplates available to wire into a hub so i had a go:
I wired all the wires of the same color toge... |
H: How much force does a solenoid really have?
This hopefully isn't too off topic for this forum, but here goes: after many days of tinkering I managed to get a circuit working that, in the end, energizes a solenoid to pull a lever. Sadly, even though the solenoid became energized and pulled its plunger in, it didn't ... |
H: Digital logic input with very wide input voltage range
We are developing an industrial controls product that will be used to monitor the presence or absence of voltage ranging from 5V to 480V. Since the unit will be generic and programmable, this input may be used in a variety of unpredictable ways.
The problem I ... |
H: Effects of "loading down" Voltage-Divider Circuits
Hello I am currently a beginner in the world of electrical engineering and would like some help on voltage-divider circuits.
My question mainly concerns the "loading down effect". Can someone please explain what this effect is and what effect it has on a simple vo... |
H: Schematic Diagram of the circuit
I would like to know what will happen in the circuit diagram below when the switch is on( connected to a voltage source and R1) and switch off(connected to the R2)
My thoughts...
For switch on only the R1 and VT will be left?
for switch off VT and R1 will be removed?
the capacitor w... |
H: How to decide to cuttoff frequecies of filter in case of using ADC( Flow: Analog-signal to ADC to bits to fir_filter to filtered_output)
FIR filter has to be used for removing the noise. I don't know the frequencies of the noise that might be adding up into the analog feedback signal I am taking.
The ADC has takes... |
H: Can I use a higher ohm resistance relay?
I'd like to build the circuit detailed here, which calls for a 12V DC 260Ω resistance relay:
Looking at some relays, what consequence would using a 400Ω relay have? Would I be able to use one without a problem?
Unrelated: I believe it's a non-latching SPST NO relay that I n... |
H: How to choose what voltage power supply to use?
I'd like to build a keyboard emulator, and I've found three links that detail the process: 1, 2, 3. Here's the rough circuit:
The thing is, across the various articles I've read, people are using different voltage power supplies. All use DC. Most use 12v, but some re... |
H: Convert the input of an ATX power supply from 110 V AC to 11-14 V DC
I was just wondering if it is possible to convert an old ATX power supply for my server. It feeds with 110 V AC from the grid, but I want to operate my mainboard directly from the solar battery, which has 11 to 14 V DC.
Could this be theoretically... |
H: What is this Circuit's function? Does it involve Isolation?
My question is: Does this circuit isolate the "X Volts" lines from ground (1) If not, how should I implement an opto-coupler to provide isolation between the data lines ("X Volts") and ground? (Question 1 - Main question)
I briefly looked up the datashee... |
H: How to open 8-pin Mini-DIN female connector?
I have a female connector that looks like this.
I want to use it in the panel of my product, so I have to remove the outer black sheath. Any tips on how I do it? I can't get it to open. Even to solder a wire into it, I need to open it, and I have no idea how to do it.... |
H: why in some circuit there is use of bubble followed by bar?
It is a circuit of ring counter. The clock here is negative triggered. but for set and clear it use bubble with bar.What is the need of bubble followed by bar. why it can not use a PRE and CLR (without bar) without bubble. Because both give the same resul... |
H: Choosing resistor values for inverting amplifier and why?
The gain here is A = -Rf/Rin. However, lets say I want a gain of 10 V/V. Which resistor value would you choose and why?
I know that you could have infinite number of combinations for these resistors but why would some one use specific value. i.e Rf = 100Moh... |
H: How do you visualize negative Frequency in Time domain ?
In the field of Digital signal processing I have seen people using words
Complex signals and Negative frequencies. For eg. in FFT Spectrum.
Does it really have significant meaning in the time domain or is just a part of the mathematical symmetry.
How do you v... |
H: Using a Zener to protect devices from solar overvoltage
I am making some pretty crude devices that are directly powered from solar panels. The instability is not an issue, but I want to avoid over-voltage.
I am using two 100W panels in series and want to make sure on a very (very!!) sunny day it does not exceed 30V... |
H: Is impedance matching a requirement for CAT-5e traces?
I'm building a patch-board for CAT-5e cables, whereby any pin can be re-wired to any other by a set of jumper cables. This is for testing black-box systems where weird things have been done to Ethernet sockets in order to make it difficult for someone to just w... |
H: Can a digital pot and op-amp challenge the performance of a programmable gain amplifier
Currently I'm using a Microchip PGA for applying gain factors of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32. It's used in a design of strain gauge amplifier. The part number is MCP6S21 and I am happy with its performance in these areas listed below:... |
H: Murata OKR-T/10 pulldown value
On the Murata OKR-T/10, the data sheet specifies a 49kohm pulldown resistor but I've seen people using a 1k. Is there a more correct value or does anything 1k or above work just as well?
AI: I would say that a 49kR is inside the chip and if you want to enable it you need to explicitly... |
H: Designing for High Acceleration
I'm looking into designing a board for a robotics application that is going to be spinning very quickly, and am wondering if there is anything special to take into account. It's going to be in the ballpark of 6000rpm, with the edge of the board 50mm from the center. That's a constant... |
H: Paralleling Power Supplies
I was just curious. Can one parallel Linear Regulators, LDOs or Switching Power Supply ICs in order to increase total possible power output? By parallel I mean tie Vin to the same rail and Vout to the same rail and duplicate any supporting circuitry (feedback networks, caps etc.).
AI: It ... |
H: BCD to 7 Segment Decoder Schematic: Need help fitting in page
I am working on the schematic for a BCD to 7 segment decoder right now. I understand the logic, but it is the design of the schematic that I need help with.
Here is my schematic so far:
As you can see, I only have three outputs done and I need to add fo... |
H: Toggle LED on when Button is pressed PIC
I've got an olimex board with a PIC16LF76(Schematic - PIC IS a different pic):
I'm trying to toggle the LED when the button is pressed down, my C code looks like:
#include <xc.h>
#pragma config FOSC = HS // Oscillator Selection bits (XT oscillator)
#pragma config W... |
H: Problems with Atari Punk Console circuit
I am trying to build an APC using the following schematic:
(source: instructables.com)
And the output is having some issues.
Sound only comes out when the rightmost potentiometer is at 0 resistance, and in that position the rightmost 555 heats up rapidly. In any other spot,... |
H: MCLK in I2S audio protocol
I am working with the I2S audio protocol in one of my projects and I'd like to use it in one of my final projects for a class of mine. Quite honestly though, I don't entirely understand the MCLK line. You'd think, "Oh that just stands for Master Clock" and you might be right but since e... |
H: 3 phase circuit, 3 x single-phase (hot-hot) loads: what ampacity?
I'm not an electrician (thus the question), but I'd like to know what is possible from a specification standpoint.
Let's say we have a standard 3 phase power supply for a commercial building. We want to supply a sub-panel with 3 phase power and the s... |
H: Is a N-Channel Mosfet save/reliable for level shifting UART from 3V3 to 5V?
I am busy with a design that needs to connect a Raspberry Pi to an Arduino via UART.
Previously I have designed a circuit that worked okay.
(source: protoneer.co.nz)
But now I want start using SMD components and is planing on using the fo... |
H: What happens if I omit the pullup resistors on I2C lines?
Just now I realized that the I2C data and clock lines (SDA and SCL) must have pullup resistors.
Well, I've built a couple of clocks using the DS1307 RTC (see datasheet) according to the schematic below. Notice that I have omitted both pullup resistors.
Bot... |
H: What is digital Termination and when is it used?
I have heard transmission line termination but today I came across this "Digital termination" but couldn't find out why is it used and what effect does it have on digital signals?
AI: Digital termination is the same thing as transmission line termination. It's just a... |
H: What are advantages of Two's Complement?
In some ADC/DAC devices their are options to output/input the data in 2's Complement form.
What are advantages of representing digital data in Two's Complement form When you can simply have straight binary code and save time of conversion?
AI: Two's compliment representation... |
H: What actually limits the speed of a USB flash drive?
My system outputs data through USB which is to be stored in a external memory. But it seems that flash drive is not having that much speed like that specified in USB 2.0 protocol.
What actually limits the speed of flash drive?
AI: There are a couple of different... |
H: How to understand initialization and stack checking of ARM assembly language
I am trying to understand How bad a 'void main(void)' is from the following link:
tech notes. But I have difficulties in understanding two assembly languages examples, the first one is shown below:
int main(void)
{
return 42;
}
|main|:
... |
H: Astrom-Hagglund Relay PID tuning - relay transfer function?
I'm implementing a PID temperature controller on a PLC. To cut down on installation time (this design may be reused many times), I want to have the PID parameters tuned automatically rather than manually.
To do this, I'm trying to implement Astrom and Hagg... |
H: How to efficiently implement a single output pulse from a long input on Altera?
I have a fast clock and a switch called 'ready'. When the switch is flipped (ready goes HIGH), I would like the output pcEn to produce a pulse that lasts only for one clock cycle. pcEn will only output another pulse the next time ready ... |
H: A subsystem with randomised outputs (no microcontrollers)
I'm trying to make a subsystem that has several outputs. By default, all outputs are 0. When turned on, I want it to randomly set one output to 1, and make it stay at 1 until reset (the reset procedure can be anything, but is preferably a pulse). I'm a bit o... |
H: FR4 measurement tolerances
I am going to get a PCB produced, but was wondering how the FR4 thickness measurements work, i.e. how thick are 1.6 and 0.8 FR4, in millimeters, to a few decimal places?
AI: If you look at the specifications from your supplier, you will see something like this:
STANDARD BOARD THICKNESS ... |
H: Measurements with multimeter giving paradoxical values
I study civil engineering (majoring in electrical engineering) and part of the program in my university is a design project. For this project my team developed a PCB and naturally it was full of bugs.
This week we were debugging it and we got a few strange valu... |
H: Lighting LED using keypad and microcontroller
So I am working with Gizduino (Arduino clone), keypad and led. What am I doing is getting the value of keypressed and then light up the led according to the value (eg., when I pressed 2 on the keypad 2 LEDs will blink). I know this is just basic but please bear with me.... |
H: Howland Current Pump VS Wilson Current Mirror
I am interested on knowing what would be a better solution to create a current source for low current applications (below 20mA), an opamp based current source such as a Howland current pump (link to PDF) using closely matched resistors, or something like a transistor ba... |
H: Creating an Arduino-based Gameboy cartridge?
First off, I am not sure if this question fits here, so sorry for any inconvenience, mods!
I've looked over the internet, and I found this pretty little thing called nanoloop, and I've been wondering if I can make something like that myself. As I am pretty familiar with ... |
H: How does a GPU/CPU communicate with a standard display output? (HDMI/DVI/etc)
I am interested in how the cpu/gpu presents (to whatever equipment that it does) video data after it has been processed.
I have been told that the video is processed by the CPU/GPU and then sent to an integrated circuit by high speed seri... |
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