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H: Christmas LED lights connections
I have several Christmas lights with different AC adapters.
First case
In the label of one of them, I read:
Primary: 220-240 V ~ 50/60 Hz
Secondary: 31 V DC 3.6 W
In the label of the cable connecting this AC adapter to the LED array:
Lamp: 3.2 V
0.064 W
80 LED
I can not understand... |
H: How can a resonator do band-pass filtering?
I've read many times some statements about resonators like this (reference):
Resonant circuits are circuits, which offers a high impedance or low impedance (for parallel and series
resonance respectively) to the source at a particular frequency of operation. The frequenc... |
H: Compare output of logic gates but ignore their difference due to propagation delays
I am triggering a current source for a coil. I made a safety circuit with a bistable multivibrator, which forces the trigger sent to the hardware to have some maximum duration. This is a duty-cycle protection for the coil, to avoid ... |
H: Diode doesn't work in a [attempt of] power supply simulation with QUCS
As a simulation exercise, I am trying to work out a power supply and actually I am at the point provided in the figure below
There is a message of error which I don't understand, but I realized it happens only with the presence of the diode in ... |
H: Can you get an electric shock from a UPS output? If yes then can it be fatal?
I have an UPS of 800 watts which means its output is about 800 watt.
I am installing a current leakage breaker to my main supply so that if I accidentally touch any things which produce current my breaker shut down the main supply.
I have... |
H: Can i connect batteries (both 12v and SLA) of different amperage (100amp with 180amp) in parallels?
I have a 250W solar panel connected to a 12V 100A (SLA) battery through a charge controller (12 and 24V). A 1100W inverter is also connected to the battery.
Now I want to connect a 12V 180A battery in parallel to it.... |
H: Is it dangerous/harmful to increase the voltage supplied to a 12v electromagnet?
I have a 12V-rated electromagnet which I bought online. As it isn't strong enough for my needs, I tried applying a higher voltage (~20V) which did make it stronger.
It does get a bit warmer after a while but I wanted to know if apart f... |
H: Displacement strategy for (Computer) Cache
Here, under displacement strategies, the following is written (Unfortunately, only in German available):
Laszlo Belady's method of displacing the memory area that will not be
accessed for the longest time is optimal. However, it is applicable
only when the complete progra... |
H: Understanding L-Pad attenuator
I'm not understanding the concept of L-Pad attenuator other than seeing it as another ordinary voltage divider to attenuate a voltage. Electronics-Tutorials: L-pad Attenuator gives the following description:
L-pad attenuators are commonly used in audio applications to reduce a
larger... |
H: Series resistance on crystal
I have an STM32 chip with a 12MHz crystal connected to it (as seen in the figure below.) I've been advised to place a 220 ohms resistor 'in the OSC_OUT connection'.
I know it has to do with the termination resistance but I'd then expect it to be placed between the crystal output and the... |
H: Electromagnetic coupling on printed circuit board traces
When I applied the following damped signal in the proximity of my product (the magnitude is around 10 kV and the frequency is around 400 kHz) through a cable of 4 meters, the microcontroller sees a signal normally at 3V3 (HIGH LEVEL) which goes down to a LOW ... |
H: Correct way to wire a 5V relay using BC547
i am trying a relay circuit. I saw one diagram online in google images and another one when i actually test. Here are the two diagrams:
Diagram 1
This one i tried but not worked for me. But its a common diagram available on all over the internet.
Although it did worked on... |
H: How does signal aggregation work?
I just wanna know how signal aggregation works.
For example, there is an IC which can aggregate more than two interfaces(I2C, SPI .etc).
Thanks.
AI: Aggregations are processed signals.
An aggregator reads the raw signals and returns interesting summaries, ranging from simple analog... |
H: Common Base Amplifier Confusion
In the CB configuration, a signal is applied to the emitter to create an in-phase amplification at the collector. I am confused, however, on how exactly this happens. In the picture below, if the input signal raises the emitter voltage on the positive swing, it would mean that there ... |
H: Why would you right shift 8 bits for 8 bit register?
MCU: Atemega328P Datasheet: https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-7810-Automotive-Microcontrollers-ATmega328P_Datasheet.pdf (Page 143 - USART)
Note: I am beginner :)
Using the BAUD rate formula found in this picture we can calculate the UBRRn val... |
H: Reason of using a resistor parallel with NTC at mains input
I have a SMPS circuit. There is a serie connected NTC at Neutral input. I know NTC is used for inrush current limiting purposes. But there is a 20ohm 2W resistor which is parallel this NTC and I don't know what is the aim for it?
AI: This may be done to ge... |
H: How to multiplex 8 pieces of 74141 without transistors?
I'd like to use 8 pieces of 74141 in order to drive the same amount of Nixies with an Arduino. What approaches will I need to consider?
Update: I'm able to drive 1 single Nixie with a 74141. The problem here is that there are not enough pins on Arduino to driv... |
H: NE555 - astable flashing alternative LED circuit
NE 555 help - astable alternate flashing LED circuit
"In the circuit, the LED1 lights when the output pin has a HIGH state and LED2 lights when the output is in a LOW state." - I couldn't understand this statement in connection with the diagram:
Here I see a normal ... |
H: Identification of Pin1 on LAN8720A 24SQFN package
can anybody help me identify which is pin 1 please? - which corner and side is pin 1?
I find the data sheet and the actual picture confusing between the Datasheet
and the device
AI: It's the white dot just below the letter B.
If you scroll on the next page of datas... |
H: Unknown electrical component in circuit - "Chock"
Does "chock" (in the picture) mean inductor with unknown value?
AI: Choke is like a slang often used for a "really big inductor value" to "choke" ripple voltage by raising the series impedance above LC resonance frequency, shown by the intersection of green arrows f... |
H: ESP32 stalls b/c of current spike (inrush current) - how to limit inrush current?
I have a circuit with several neopixels and an ESP32 MCU running with micropyhton. Under full load, the circuit including the ESP32 draws around 200mA at full load. Now I'd like to add another component, which is not controlled by the... |
H: Step up 3.3V to 5V and draw 500mA without a voltage collapse/break down
I would like to step up 3.3V from my power supply with the help of a dc-dc-boost converter to 5V and then I want to draw 500mA by placing a 10 Ohm resistor between the output-pin of the boost-converter and ground.
The problem: The voltage drops... |
H: Constant or variable current when using a solar charger?
I am looking at the CN3083 chip for charging a Li-po battery using a small solar panel (5 V, 0.15 W).
To set the charging current, the pin ISET is used with a fixed resistor to set the constant charge current (max charging current = 600 mA).
In which case wou... |
H: Electrons flow in Li-ion Battery
I’m new to electricity, and I’ve got a question about electrons flow inside a Li-on battery. A lot of articles and videos show us only Li+ ion flows from anode to cathode through electrolyte during discharging of battery. But there is no info about e- flow from cathode to anode insi... |
H: Differential (RS-422) vs current mode signaling in noisy environments
I’m building some automation equipment for my shop that will be used in extreme noise environments (plasma cutting and TIG welding nearby, for example) and I’m trying to come up with the best signaling for connecting modules that is still reasona... |
H: Resistor power rating and circuit stability
I've read the following excerpt from a book (Passive Circuit Analysis with LTSpice by Colin May page 96) but am not sure what that means (with no relevant explanation before nor after):
On Fixed Resistors: a useful point to consider if good stability and
reliability are ... |
H: Combining different DC power supplies
I intend to serialise two DC power supplies (12V/16A and 36V/1A) to achieve 48V.
Q1: how much current can I draw from such a combination? 1A, 16A, 17A...?
Q2: I understand that grounds must be isolated on the DC side, does this apply to the AC side of the PSUs? (Earth/ground or... |
H: Power amplifier efficiency confusion
Assuming I am considering A single stage class A amplifier, as we know the efficiency of the amplifier is AC power out/quiescent Dc power in, but the problem is when signal is applied shouldn't the formula be ac power out/instantaneous dc power out at that time? Because when the... |
H: How individual LEDs in LED strips (or matrixes or cubes) are being powered when supplied with >=12V instead of 5V?
I've been wondering about LED strips and how its individual LEDs are being powered.
My knowledge about LEDs is very basic. I know they're diodes, I know they tend to draw more current than what's good ... |
H: Ratio on Vbat measurement STM32F303
This question might possibly be answered somewhere, but as I'm googling the particular phrase in the title, I couldn't find anything. I'm fairly new to designing development boards. I use the STM32F303 and came across a certain description in the manual that I don't understand.
... |
H: Is there a current in \$R_1\$ in this precision rectifier if so, where does it go?
So Wikipedia on Precision Rectifier says that :
... when the input is greater than zero, \$D1\$ is off, and \$D2\$ is on, so the output is zero because the other end of \${\displaystyle R_{2}}\$ is connected to the virtual ground a... |
H: Local voltage regulatıon on large board with 12V - 24V power input - is it a good idea?
I am designing a board for my Bachelors thesis. The board takes 12V - 24V as an input. The dimensions are 100mmx100mm. It will be a 4 layer board and has an onboard antenna, multiple sensors and a Raspberry Pi compute module 4 a... |
H: Trying to program an STM32 device with ST-LINK_CLI.exe
I have a project developed using STM32IDE, all is well and I want to develop a test script to program the devices in bulk, using the STLINK/V2. To do this I want to invoke ST0LINK_CLI.exe
I can connect to the device and erase it fine like this:
ST-LINK_CLI.exe ... |
H: Unsure of the role of these transistors while reverse engineering a keypad PCB
I am trying to reverse engineer this PCB from a keypad to use it with an Arduino, but my transistor based knowledge is a bit lacking.
I have gotten this far with regards to the architecture of the board; JP1 Pins 1-8 are connected to the... |
H: Is it bad practice to always have a MOSFET on?
I am designing a circuit where I have a microcontroller driving
a four-channel logic level N MOSFET module. The simplest way for my circuit to work is to have the microcontroller run "HIGH" on the MOSFET gate for extended period of time (1 hour on for every 10 seconds ... |
H: How to build a low pass filter with limited resources?
I need to build a low pass filter, to filter frequencies that are over 550Hz. By the cutoff frequency formula fc = 1/2piRC, RC has to be around 1/3500 so that fc is approximately 550Hz. I have a lot of resistors, from 220 ohms to 10k ohms, but my capacitors are... |
H: A computer architecture joke
Background
Some months ago, I watched a Youtube video posted by the channel Numberphile. The video was on famous world mathematician Terence Tao, and in the video, he seemed to be struggling with speech. I don't know if he has any speech impediments or a stutter, but there were several ... |
H: How to prevent a Lipo/Li-Ion-Battery from catching fire after a complete self discharge with a following accidentally recharge
From the following Youtube video (at 3:15min) I got that it is dangerous to recharge a Lipo/Li-Ion-Battery after it was completely discharged (0V), because it will catch fire.
https://youtu... |
H: Altium - Use Net Tie on a Plane Layer
Is it possible to use a net tie on a plane layer? I know how to use a net tie to connect two different polygon pours together. But how would one go about this on a plane layer -- which is a negative layer?
AI: The best alternative I managed to come up with so far is to convert ... |
H: Diagnosing water heater error - Need help with diagram
I'm diagnosing an error in a water heater. The error code indicates that the error is related to the connectors X2. Between both connectors X2 there is this Symbol "/" with the number 5. I have marked it with slight yellow. What does this symbol indicate?
AI: T... |
H: If you have a MOSFET in series with a thyristor, can turning the MOSFET off cause the thyristor to turn off?
This is a purely theoretical question. The values in the circuit below do not matter, and I understand the circuit is completely useless.
Consider if SCR1 and M1 are both turned on so that current is flowing... |
H: What inductors are used to reduce coil whine?
I was wondering about this after two years of heavy coil whine from a pS4Pro power supply. It looks like the worst designed PSU ever made, and I'm aware some modern ATX PSUs have reduced coil whine to close to zero by using inductors.
What kind of inductors are these an... |
H: How does the resistance-capacitance oscillator shift voltage by 180 degrees?
I'm trying to wrap my head around how the resistance-capacitance oscillator shifts voltage by 180 degrees.
As far as understand, a capacitor shifts phase for current, not voltage.
What am I missing here?
AI: You are correct that a capacit... |
H: Why Doesn't the Current in a Transformer Diverge?
I just started learning about mutual inductance and transformers, and I haven't been able to find the answer to this question. I suspect it's really basic, and that I'm just missing some understanding.
Say I have 2 coils, A and B, both wrapped around a common volume... |
H: Mesh current formulas gives two different results for i2. Why does the first loop provide an incorrect current value?
Mesh current formulas gives two different results for i2. The formula derived from the second loop provides a current of 1A which is the correct answer. However, when I write my equation using the f... |
H: Figuring out pin 1 on this IC
I have this ic:
https://www.ti.com/product/SN74CBT3251
However, if you look at the actual packaging, there is not a circle, in order to figure out pin 1.
This is a picture of the IC:
Can someone give me a tip, on how to identify which is pin 1?
AI: I am sure the other answers are prob... |
H: Microstrip Transmission line characteristics impedance
The question is from GATE 2016-ECE-paper 2.
Here in the question, we need to comment on the characteristics impedance of Microstrip line and we are given 4 options: The ANSWER GIVEN IS (B),
My Approach for the problem is as follows:
Since the width of the mic... |
H: High side switch with N-FET
I know nothing about MOSFET, yet, so I'm fumbling in the dark here.
What I want to achieve is a high side switch using an N-FET. All guides I've been reading says "low side switch = NPN or N-FET", "high side = PNP or P-FET". I want to control a very small 3.3V-load (50mA) using a microco... |
H: Is interleaving used in MIMO?
Correct me if I'm wrong, this is my understanding of MIMO:
Is this how MIMO is able to increase data rate?
AI: The colouring of those data bits is figurative. It's far, far more complicated than that. That diagram is what's known known as a Lie to Children. It's the sort of diagram th... |
H: Capacitive dropper power supply for LED - zener/decoupling capacitor?
Let's say you have a standard capacitive dropper power supply like the following (from Wikipedia):
I understand that these work well for driving LEDs since they act like a constant current source. I was wondering if the design could be (safely) ... |
H: Isn't cosine an even function?
I changed the question as I was not clear.
Is the following true?
cos(+ωt-π/2) = cos(-ωt-π/2)
No, as I tried random angles for ωt as shown below
So, yes Cosine is an even function but the whole angle should be negated and not only the phase shift part right?
AI: The answer to your ne... |
H: High current solid state battery disconnect
I need to design a solid state switch to disconnect a battery (28V) from a load that can go to a maximum of 70 Amps in a 40C environnement.
An SSR like the Crydom D06D100 could handle this using a very large heatsink and I suppose it would be the same for whichever big MO... |
H: Signed or unsigned distance in electric potential due to point charge(s)
I am reading about the electric potential:
from wikipedia:
The electric potential (...) is the amount of work energy needed to move a unit of electric charge (a Coulomb) from a reference point to the specific point in an electric field ...
C... |
H: Why does the voltage drop when I connect an 8 ohms 1 watt speaker, specifically the source to the circuit is GPIO pin output voltage?
This circuit I am using to drive a speaker is acting strangely.
Case 1: When I connect the 3.3 volts source from the Nucleo board it works fine as expected (in terms of the sound.) ... |
H: Is it required that a capacitor is marked X2?
I want to replace a capacitor in a power supply.
The original is marked: 250V, 0.1, WIMA MP 3. I bought one that says: ERO MKT 1822 0,1 250V. What bothers me is the safety rating X. Is the original one X2 ? What is MP 3? Do I need to buy another one that explicitly says... |
H: Sophisticated order to connect the poles for a jump start of the car battery
How to connect or jump start a car battery. So in what order to connect the poles and why?
I read so much (different) explanations and I would like to have a final generally accepted/recognized answer to mark this question.
This is (also)... |
H: Start an ac simulation at f=0Hz
I would like to know please why is it that I can't start an .ac LTSpice simulation at f= 0Hz. I would like to know the DC impedance (or the equivalent resistance of my circuit that also contains inductors and capacitors) of my system. Any workarounds?
Thanks in advance :-)
AI: I gues... |
H: What is the symbol on Ardunio Uno schematic?
I found the symbol:
It is available on:
https://www.arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/arduino-uno-schematic.pdf
What is it?
AI: Probably solder pad jumpers - you should be able to apply a "blob" of solder across pins 1 and 2 to produce a short circuit hence, the one you show... |
H: The most efficient way to generate -5V out of 5V3 at 30mA
In my design, I need to power up a few op-amps with positive and negative rail. Taking into account amplitude in the signal path, headroom for input common-mode voltage, output voltage swing and voltage drop for LDOs on each rail I need at least 5V and -5V. ... |
H: Current limiter circuit is damaging MOSFETs
I have a circuit where a charged capacitor must be discharged over a load resistance. The trigger switch here is a 10A relay so, to avoid damaging it when the load resistance is too low, I decided to add a current limiter circuit between the capacitor and the load. This i... |
H: Which Wave is leading?
In the figure below I think that the Purple wave leads the pink by 135 degrees. The reason is that at the zero crossing the purple wave crossed the x-axis to be in the positive y-axis whereas the pink is in the negative y-axis.
Right?
AI: There is more than one right answer to this question. ... |
H: Is connecting a generator to the line input of an audio amplifier OK?
Disclaimer: I'm computer scientist
I have a sinus wave generator (handyscope H3-5) from TiePie but the output power is insufficient for my application. The specification is here. I need at least 60W. I would like to know if it is OK to connect th... |
H: LEDs keep dying in 12v circuit with powerful electromagnet
I have a circuit like this:
12V/2A DC input. A small blue LED with a 2.2k resistor in series. A powerful electromagnet with ~40ohm resistance in parallel. It is possible the electromagnet has more components on the inside.
When I turn the switch on the LED ... |
H: Controlling AC Motor with Relays
How can one control on/off and direction for a single phase reversing AC motor using relays? I have wired an AC motor correctly with 5 wires: green (ground), red (live), black (neutral), blue (coil 1), and yellow (coil 2).
If AC current is passed between [red+blue] and [black+yellow... |
H: Determine voltage regulators for a circuit
I'm trying to determine if the switching voltage regulators I want to use in my circuit are suitable.
I want to use the regulators to change a 50V line into a 5V line that supports motors.
The motor has a nominal current of 0.7A. Its stall current is 1.6A.
I've read that m... |
H: Momentary switch on-off circuit
I am trying to create a circuit to allow me to switch a project on and off with the activation of a momentary switch (a momentary push button or reed switch, for example), but I'm coming up blank and need help.
I have a few parameters:
Source voltage is 5v DC
Output load is less tha... |
H: Holding Current and Latching Current dilemma
I have gone through lots of resources looking up for holding current and latching current. All I can get is:
Latching current is the minimum current that is required to maintain the "on" state of the SCR.
Holding current is the minimum current below which the SCR turns... |
H: calculate force on object between capacitor plates without knowledge of area
I am given an exercise with a very simple circuit
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
I am asked to find the voltage of the voltage-source V1 such that an object with a given charge \$Q_{obj}\$ and mass \$m\$ of neg... |
H: What is this setup called?
What is the T1 and T2 setup called?
I'm sorry if the question is vague because that's how it was presented in the exercise
AI: traditionally it would be called a Common Source JFET driver to a Common Base (wide BW) NPN amplifier.
The vertical configuration is also a cascode..
It is “open... |
H: Grounding one port of SPDT analog switch
We are using a micro-controller to interface RGB matrix (HUB75 connector). Matrix row can be selected using signal pins (A-E). Some RGB matrix suppliers require to use (CLK/DIN/OE) on (A/B/C) pins to serially select/shift row. Pins (D/E) are connected to ground.
When we want... |
H: Will this op-amp circuit work to convert differential audio into single-ended input for the bluetooth transmitter module?
I'm making a bluetooth audio transmitter based on FSC-BT802 module that needs to take an amplified Mono 3W 5V (from -10V to +10V) differential audio as Line-In input. So I need a differential to... |
H: Could surface mount resistors cause a rise of 10°C
I'm new to electronics and designed a four-layer SMT board,
I am seeing a temperature rise of around 10°C (17°C ambient to 27°C after a few minutes) of a few components and the PCB, and I'm not sure why or if it's even a problem.
Using a thermal camera I have narro... |
H: Value of digital potentiometer when not powered
I have a circuit where upon startup, it selects a voltage source with a programmed current limit via a resistor. Though I want a uC down the line to change this when it first powers up to protect other circuitry. Therefore I want to use a digital potentiometer. The da... |
H: How to make a very large lookup table in Verilog?
I have a requirement to make a verilog module that takes a Gray code integer i and returns the Gray coded integer i-1 using combinatorial logic only. When I look up examples of Gray decoding, for instance, a lot of them use sequential logic. I also need it to work... |
H: Resistance changes when keeping two ends of a metal bar constant but increasing the thickness of the middle?
In this imaginary scenario I am taking a metal block and measuring the resistance. If I were to add a piece of metal in the middle of the metal block (i.e. the metal now has a bulging middle but the two ends... |
H: Beginner question about OP AMP as "DC differential amplifier". Does switching inputs between + and - make any difference?
I'm just starting to learn about OP-AMPS used to control current through a mosfet and I have a few basic questions about the general concept of the schematic below, taken from this thread: op am... |
H: Opamp Design Considerations
Opamps are a great device for amplification. Recently i used a TL084 which is quad-channel Opamp
I used three opamps in the device for getting gains of 1 , 2 , 3 respectively. I noticed that, without any connection to the input, there was Voltage at the output of 0.4V. Please Help me und... |
H: Why all voltage drop across NMOS MOSFET in ngspice
I am new to the ngspice simulation and when I run a circuit into ngspice, it drops all the voltage across a mosfet but this is not the case when I simulated the same circuit into LTspice.
Any help would be really appreciated!
The circuit used for simulation in LTsp... |
H: Why do most logic ICs (e.g. AND gate) have more than two inputs
I imagined the simplest AND gate in context of a small microcontroller project operating at 3.3V with two input pins and two one output pin. This is not the case in reality though, I didn't find one AND gate chip that wouldn't also have VCC and Ground ... |
H: How do digital function generators generate precise frequencies?
I was designing an electronic circuit that requires precise frequency control when I realized how much I don't know about the frequency synthesis itself.
For example, when I take my low-end 2-channel arbitrary waveform generator, I'm able to set one o... |
H: How to design a balun circuit for an RF application?
I am designing balun circuit for the first time.
Baluns are mainly used to convert an unbalanced signal to a balanced one or vice versa, 50 ohm to 100 ohm impedance matching.
Can somebody tell me how to design the pi-pad attenuator circuit for the 100 ohm impedan... |
H: Driving lamps with the fewest number of NPN switch transistors
I'm building a small system to drive some Nixie lamps and I'm missing some of the classic ICs that could make this design significant simpler. I ended up with some discrete NPNs to select the lamp and another line to select the digit.
Is there some othe... |
H: What is the amplitude of the output voltage?
The question with its answer is as shown below:
However, I have solved it as follows:
Am I right or not?
AI: What is the amplitude of the output voltage?
Your answer is fine but you have misinterpreted what is meant by output amplitude. Whenever we talk about a signal... |
H: Is it possible to change the reference clock in a cpu while it is running
I understand that PLLs have a settling time but if I were to do a hardware modification that changes Vco of a reference clock to scale based on temperature of my CPU, would I be able to do so while the CPU is running or would the system lock ... |
H: Doubts in using UCC27537 Gate driver to drive IPA60R120P7XKSA1 MOSFET
I want to use UCC27537 gate driver to drive IPA60R120P7XKSA1 MOSFET but I have some doubts.
To avoid voltage oscillations at the gate, do I need to include resistors in between MOSFET and gate-driver?
According to the datasheet, the gate driver ... |
H: Can you help me understand this Node Analyzing Method in Thevenin Norton Circuits
This is the circuit, and the node method solution is:
Where did 280 come from? why is there two Vt/60 ? Please help me
AI: Where did 280 come from? why is there two Vt/60 ?
As chomeyama said, the solution is correct. The KCL equati... |
H: How many wiring combinations exist for an n-pin cable/connector?
This is more a pedantic question about the possible number of wiring permutations inherent to an n-pin connector and cable. Note combinations imply that elements may be used more than once (combined), whereas permutations do not.
I occasionally have ... |
H: Current limiting circuit operation
I cannot understand how this current limiting circuit works.
Image source: UNLV Physics Department, Bill O'Donnell, Current Limiter Circuit
Here is where I get confused:
When Q2 is turned on, the voltage at the base of Q1 becomes close to 0 and Q1 stops conducting current. Ther... |
H: Powering externally a 3v a 2 relay module
I'm using an ESP8266 to control a dual relay module. As a good practice, and a longer life for the MCU, I wish to power it not using its vcc and gnd pins, but using its JDVcc.
Appreciate explanation whether a 5v input into JDVcc is valid and won't damage the module.
AI: Usi... |
H: Very basic circuit question
My problem is in the VA, VB parts is the previous circuit equivalent to this (OPTION A):
Or to this (OPTION B):
AI: Va and Vb are simply voltage sources of a specified value. They’re not batteries. A simulator package will include symbols for voltage sources with settable parameters, a... |
H: How to redirect electric field lines with a copper plane
I have been testing a capacitive sensing circuit in which an electric field is projected vertically to sense a finger (a grounded conductive object). On the PCB, a tx and an rx are 2 copper structures that act as the 2 plates of a variable capacitor. The near... |
H: Encryption library for an 8051 microcontroller
I've programmed an 8051 microcontroller to send data out through an external transmitter (just a few bytes per transmission). I'm looking to encrypt this data in my microcontroller's program.
I have a 96-bit long key that I'd like to use (ideally) which is known by the... |
H: Why did cars switch from infrared key fobs to radio-wave key fobs?
Is an RFID key fob less likely to have its signal blocked? Or is it longer range? Or can it be made smaller, or cheaper?
Also, how do infrared devices generate an infrared signal? With an infrared-frequency laser? (I-aser?) I know that microwave... |
H: Is an attenuators power rating for average power or max power?
Context:
I have a transponder that is explicitly stated to output 250W peaks and has been frying some nearby components. The transponder average output is not stated but the average input is 7W and 12W max. I need to do some tests with an expensive sp... |
H: Power 12v DC actuator when 120v @15 amp saw is switched on
Problem: I want to use a 12v DC actuator to close a blast gate on my dust collecting system when I turn on a 120v 15 amp saw. The actuator can only run for a few seconds until the 6" stroke is reached. If there is a way to close the actuator when the saw is... |
H: Is Phase shift limited between -90 to + 90?
In electrical engineering power systems I see several times a voltage or current in instantaneous form, as follows for example:
For the current"
i(t) = I cos(ωt + 3π/4)
And the voltage as follows:
v(t) = V cos(ωt)
However, it's known that the maximum phase shift is:
+90 d... |
H: If an IC has an external resistor for timing, can that be replaced with an analog voltage out from another IC?
Specifically, I want to control the sample rate of an ISP1820 with an analog out from an Arduino. I know I could drop-in a digital pot but I don't have one and that seems like needless complexity if I coul... |
H: Pb Free devices
We usually find in datasheets of Integrated circuit in features section the following statement:
*Pb free devices,
*Halide free device,
What is the advantage for an IC to be Pb or Halide free?
AI: Lead (Pb) and Halides can be hazardous to the environment. Since electronic devices will eventually be ... |
H: Working of CAN bus
I am working with CAN bus and have a microprocessor with builtin CAN controller (mpc5606B by NXP). I then came to know that I need a seperate transceiver for each CAN controller to establish communication. My question is
1.How a CAN controller and transceiver communicate with each other?
2. Is it... |
H: Can I protect areas of a MCU's flash from reprogramming/reading by arbitrary code executing in that MCU?
Consider a microcontroller with self-programmable flash, for example some ATSAM MCU.
I put a bootloader on it, which has the additional capabilities of receiving programs, ex. using USB, in whatever format I use... |
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