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H: Is it necessary to take into account the actual state of a combinational circuit's signals to calculate its maximum delay?
I'm doing an exercise in which I need to calculate the maximum delay of a 1-bit full adder. In a full adder, the slowest path is the carry_out. Here is how I have designed it:
Let's suppose al... |
H: Is there a voltage across an ideal inductor?
I have been learning about LC and LCR circuits.
My question is about inductors themselves, more specifically ideal inductors with zero resistance.
If I disconnect an ideal inductor from a DC supply, there should be very high voltage spike across the inductor as per \$V=L... |
H: Connecting two-port network theory to microelectronic design (Sedra and Smith)
I am trying to connect what I'm learning in Sedra and Smith (I am currently in Chapter 7 of the 7th edition which talks about basic transistor amplifier configurations, eg. CS) to what I have learned in the past about two-port networks. ... |
H: Why does this method of measuring inductance work?
I recently watched this video from EEVblog showing a method of measuring inductance. I'm probably missing something obvious, but why does this work? Mathematical proof would be great.
Thanks.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UrS5ezesA9s
AI: It is explained in the vi... |
H: Low Power Consumption with Ultrasonic Sensor (US-100, HC-SR04)
I have designed a Zigbee sensor to measure the water level in the cistern. It should be operated with batteries, so the ultrasonic sensor should only be activated for measurement. With the current scheme I have a consumption of 0.08 mA in sleep mode. If... |
H: Finding Transfer Function of RL Circuit
Can anyone help me to find TF of this RL Circuit
AI: Just convert circuit to Laplace (multiply each L by s and then treat like regular impedances) and solve for voltage dropped across that lower right inductance using regular circuits methods.
Edit to answer questions AFTER ... |
H: Using resistor with 110 V LED indicator to make current measurement between 50 - 70 mA
I need your guidance with the V=IR formula. It's probably a simple question but I don't have an electrical background.
I am working on making an LED simulator panel for railway signaling interlocking to check the I/O of the signa... |
H: Are these vias not plated?
I received my first batch of PCB's that were designed with thermal vias of diameter 0.61mm and hole diameter 0.305mm. When I inspect them, it seams that only around 10% of the vias have been coated. Can this be confirmed from the photo below?
Or are all vias likely plated, but they appea... |
H: Circuit to control a motor using relays
I want to do an automatic door for our chicken coop. The battery part is done (a small solar panel, an old car battery and a solar charger). The issue is with the door itself. I have a door actuator motor running at 12V and a 4 relay board using ESP8266 (https://www.banggood.... |
H: How can gain and phase margin be used to assess stability of SMPCs as for most of the cases (except buck), they always have a Right Hand Zero?
I was going through this Operational Amplifiers, Theory and Practice by James Roberge. On Page 146, it is mentioned that for systems that have negative feedback at low or mi... |
H: Gain and phase margin of multiple feedback bandpass filter
I designed a multiple feedback bandpass filter using the Analog filter wizard. The design is purely education therefore I used ideal op-amp.
Fc = 50KHz; DC gain = 6dB; Q = 5;
I followed the instructions included in the AD tutorial “Stability of Op-Amp Circ... |
H: VHDL, how to assign signal of different types to port map with constraint inference?
I want to assign signals of a testbench to a component to which the port have infered constraints. I would like to introduce the problem with a working workbench before moving to a minimally reproducible example.
Example with const... |
H: Somebody who own MSP432P401R User Guide?
Is there somebody, who can deliver me the user guide for MSP432P401R? I know, this question looks dummy. However the mentioned part lost support from the side of Texas Instruments, and they cannot send me the user guide.
I spent a lot of time finding the document on the web.... |
H: Does adding a "spare" ribbon cable to a PCB increase trace impedance?
I've read numerous posts advising that trace length must be kept short on a high speed board to reduce the effects of impedance. If my traces are routed through a pin header that has an IDC ribbon cable "to nowhere" does that have an effect to ma... |
H: Who gains money when domestic photovoltaic electricity is injected on the grid?
As an equity measure to ensure that everyone pays for the grid use, in multiple places we, the citizens/consumers, don't get refunded when we inject our excess photovoltaic production into the grid.
Now this excess production is availab... |
H: Split current in a circuit?
I am looking to power an Arduino from a 12 V, 5 Ah lead acid battery, hooked up to a solar charge controller. (Max output: 12 V, 20 amps). I am also looking to power a Peltier Device, in order to cool some water. The Peltier device draws 6 amps at 12 V. I am looking for:
A way to limit ... |
H: Selecting transistor base resistor for LED switching application based on datasheet
I have been trying to understand how to read a transistor datasheet properly, and to apply the ratings into my circuit to be able to calculate the needed resistor on the base leg.
I have a basic setup where my collector pin contains... |
H: How can I find voltage of capacitor in this question?
The question asks us to find the energy that is stored in capacitors C1 and C2. Firstly, I drawn the equivalent circuit and then determined currents.
i1=[3k/3k+(2k+4k)]*6 mA = 2 mA ; i2=6-i1= 4 mA
For finding W1, we should find V1. So, my lecturer m... |
H: Why is there a MOSFET here?
On the TI DRV8703-Q1 H-bridge, there's a MODE pin to select the control interface.
What's the purpose of the MOSFET highlighted in yellow?
If it's for overvoltage protection, why not a Schottky diode?
You have my thanks
AI: Perhaps a better answer is to compare using diodes for low curr... |
H: Push-Pull voltage-to-current converter
How to make the following voltage-to-current converter bidirectional, so that it maintains the requested current through the load, even when that load stores energy and attempts to oppose the reduction of the current flowing through it?
AI: You don't mean to make it bidirectio... |
H: How does exactly this DAC work?
So here it is:
I don’t know how exactly this circuits works. I don’t understand how that feedback loop sets up an accurate know current source biasing, and what transistor is it trying to bias, Q4? For what?
With accurate current matching I presume it means that currents stay the sa... |
H: MX-FS-03V 433 MHz transmitter will it function with a coil missing?
I'm planning to make a project using the MX-FS-03V 433 MHz transmitter and the corresponding MX-05 receiver with a couple of Arduinos for short range radio communication. Range will be at most 10 meters.
I got a couple of these from Amazon, but on... |
H: How do I remove bathroom scale auto shutoff feature?
I’m a software guy so please excuse any silliness in this question.
I need a scale which will not shut off on its own and continuously show changing weight values.
Although I may have no choice but to learn about load cells and arduino/raspberry interfaces, I fig... |
H: Question regarding the ADC MCP3201 interfacing with PIC16F72 microcontroller
I provide the 1.2 MHz clock to SCK pin to the ADC from PIC clock pin, but how I can receive the data from MCP3201 ADC, which provides a 12 bit binary data on SPI pin SDI of PIC? Buffer of PIC is 8 bit so how I can receive the extra 4 bits ... |
H: Arduino pin state (HIGH and LOW voltage range)
When a pin is configured as INPUT and read with digitalRead, the HIGH state refers to a voltage >=3V, while a LOW state refers to a voltage =< 1.5V:
https://docs.particle.io/cards/firmware/language-syntax/variables/#:~:text=When%20a%20pin%20is%20configured,is%20present... |
H: Mystery small, electric motor: shaft held stationary while motor spins around it
I want to wire this motor to a 3-pin plug. The colors are not standard. Which of these wires is neutral, active and earth.
It would be of interest to know what this kind of motor is called?
I was recently given this small electric moto... |
H: Current distribution in a circuit that includes current and voltage sources
The question asks us to find \$ V_{c1} \$ and \$ V_{c2} \$ .
The equivalent circuit is below. My lecturer drew the currents as in the picture.
And here is my lecturer's solution for calculating the currents:
The sum of currents is 3 A. S... |
H: wire rotary switch with leds that turn one at a time
I have a 9V battery, a rotary switch (one pole, 5 positions), and yellow LEDs (2V drop). How can I wire it so that as I rotate the switch the LEDs turn and stay on until I reach the end of the switch?
Meaning as I turn the switch first I get one led on, then two,... |
H: Does IRLZ44N need heatsink when used as a switch
I'm doing some modifications to my boombox and need help with IRLZ44N.
I don't have any good switches left but I have couple IRLZ44N and I've used them in car but never needed this much power, peak power being 200W no matter the Voltage(11.2-16.8V) so I have to draw... |
H: Calculate coil impedance, inductance and resistance
The voltage over a coil is u(t)=100⋅sin(100t+pi/3) V and current through it i(t)=20⋅sin(100t).
First off let's calculate the impedance, I'm quite sure I'm correct on this one.
This is where I get stuck because now I need to calculate resistance of the coil and... |
H: Embedded firmware and app?
I am in Hardware Design trying to get into Embedded Systems, so please pardon me for lame questions.
So,
Scenario 1 : I upload an Arduino Sketch into Arduino with the help of Arduino Bootloader .
Scenario 2 : I develop a PCB on which first firmware is flashed and then a Linux based app is... |
H: Load testing using a resistor bank
I have a bespoke 48V down converter that I'm looking to test which should be able to provide a maximum of 500W of power. I'm looking to test the device under various loads - from 50W to 500W.
I'm trying to do this on a budget - and already have some 4.7ohm 1kW rated chassis mount ... |
H: Parallel RC Circuit Time Constant
For a general RC circuit that looks like the following:
(Sorry for the rough sketch of the circuit, I couldn't find a picture online)
What would the time constant or RC equations be?
My thinking:
The time constant would be R2C.
I drew a large loop around the circuit (contains batt... |
H: Add DC component to signal
I want to add a DC component to a pulsed signal to prevent it from taking negative values. For this, I connect the pulse signal to a capacitor and a voltage divider. With the capacitor we eliminate the continuous component that the signal could have and it is centered at zero. So, with th... |
H: Calculating Fuse Panel Wattage
I am trying to figure out how many watts my house is drawing. I used a clamp-on meter to measure the current on the hot leg of my fuse panel which showed 128.8A. I am then assuming 120V which gives me 15.456kW. However, my electric rate is 0.086/kWh meaning I would have to pay $1.32 w... |
H: Difference AC signal and small signal / DC Signal and Operation Point
What is exactly the difference between an ac signal and a small signal? Or analogue between a dc signal and operation point.
I've understood ac signal as a signal with a frequency > 0 Hz and dc as a signal with a frequency of 0 Hz but after resea... |
H: Minimum FPGA clock frequency
I currently work with two FPGAs, Microchip/Microsemi ProASIC3E and AMD/Xilinx Zynq-7020.
In their datasheets, the recommended minimum operating frequency is 1.5 MHz for the A3PE ProASIC3E chip. The minimum frequency for the Zynq chip is not mentioned.
While I can understand the limit of... |
H: Deriving TVOC value in ppb/ppm units
Our project requires a Total VOC value in ppb or ppm units. But the sensors on the market give relative resistance change. How can I derive the TVOC ppb/ppm value? Or I don't know if there is such a sensor on the market?
No need for specific gas detection or ppb/ppm value for ... |
H: Connecting analog and digital ground planes back to power supply ground
Reference
I refer to the article "Grounding in mixed-signal systems demystified, Part 2”, written by TI engineers Sanjay Pithadia and Shridhar More. Link here: https://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt512/slyt512.pdf
On page 7, paragraph 2, it says:
“The ... |
H: Should the top torus of a Tesla coil be cut?
Dosen't the top load torus act like one turn coil in short circuit?
Doesn't it "steal" (decrease) the energy transfer to the arc?
As a load, it has an inductive reactance (1 turn solenoid.) Does this reactance affect the operation of the coil, in a constructive way or ba... |
H: How to charge two 12V batteries in series with a 12V charger
I have setup the following circuit in my home. There is a logic circuit, (NodeMCU) which operates a relay, which causes it to activate the electromagnet.
simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab
All of the stuff here, except for the log... |
H: Is there sufficient 'ambient hum' to obtain a 60/120 Hz reference wirelessly?
In a typical urban (USA etc) setting, we seem to be awash in 'powerline hum'. Has it been done, or could it be practical, to recover this to get a wireless reference for a battery-powered system, like a clock, for example?
How rural would... |
H: How does this old oscillating light board work?
I know EE.SE loves a good treasure hunt, so here's one to noodle on. This device was made in the 1950s or 1960s by a Bell Labs EE. He designed it as a toy to amuse his young son. Said child, now turning 70, has asked a family member (me) how it might work again.
Repor... |
H: CAN bus idle voltage too low
I'm testing a CAN bus circuitry based on MAX3051. VCC is 3.3V
Two nodes are only connected on the bus. Termination resistors 120 Ohm are on each end of the bus.
When the bus is in idle state (no one is trasmitting). With respect to ground, both CANH and CANL have less than 0.5V (measur... |
H: How should I go about overriding or switching between an internal control voltage source when an external source gets connected?
For example, I'm using a potentiometer to modulate an internally generated +5v audio signal, and I'm sending the output signal down to the next part of my circuit. If I were to add an ext... |
H: Help identifying an SMD chip
I have stumbled upon this mystery chip, it is probably a voltage regulator. It is inside a projector I want to repair. From what I gather, it's probably a 1.8 volt regulator.
If you can confirm please go ahead. The package is SOT-223.
AI: Dii is the logo for Diodes Incorporated.
At fir... |
H: How do electronics (like transformers) convert high voltage, low current to low voltage, high current, and vice versa?
I am fairly new to tinkering with electronics/electronic-adjacent ideas and I have been wondering: how do electronics get the desired voltage/current to operate properly? I understand in AC power, ... |
H: How do we find the current in this circuit?
How do I find the current drawn by the 11V in this circuit? I understand that the circuit can be redrawn but I do not understand the simplifying procedures to do so.
AI: There are no general rules for simplifying circuitry like this.
Look for places where there are compon... |
H: High Voltage DC Motor (AC rectification) Relay, Current Limiting, and Smoothing Capacitor
Looking at controlling a HVDC motor like so -
Type DC781 (2) LSG
Operates on 6 - 220 VDC
84 ohm terminal - terminal resistance
No load speed of 8000 RPM @ 220 VDC - 100 mA
Stall current at 220 VDC: 2.6 A
I would be using 120... |
H: Does ARM gdb not have TUI layout support?
If it run
arm-none-eabi-gdb -tui myProject.elf
This returns
TUI mode is not supported
If I run it without the -tui flag and try to call lay or layout in gdb it does not recognize the command, however if I run normal gdb not the arm-none-eabi-gdb layout works but of cours... |
H: Logic gates propagation delay
I'm studying digital circuits and I have a question about the propagation delay of a logic gates. I've read that propagation delay is defined as the time required for the output to reach 50% of its final output level from when the input changes to 50% of its final input level.
But what... |
H: Can someone help me understand this code for the ADXL345 accelerometer?
I'm trying to learn how to read the angles measured from an ADXL345 accelerometer (Adafruit) for a beginner project where the sensor will be attached to a short stick and I want to read the angles I'm holding/moving the stick at. I have a coupl... |
H: MOSFET gate area?
I have a transistor with constant Vdd voltage but my W, L parameters are decreasing - what happens to my gate area?
AI: Please read the anwser of Mr. Abdelhalim abdelnaby Zekry in this post (https://www.researchgate.net/post/is_w_l_ratio_of_mosfet_can_effect_the_efficiency_of_the_circuit) about a ... |
H: How to set VHDL entities internal latches for testing purposes
How do I set internal/private latches deep inside entities for testing purposes ?
simple example
I have an entity deep inside my architecture which I cannot easily manipulate with an internal signal counter which acts as a latch I would like test in a t... |
H: Schottky Diode configuration
I'm studying some schematics about Google Coral Dev Board, and I have found this:
Where VBUS_1 comes from USB-C OTG connector and VBUS_VIN comes from USB-C Power only connector. What is the resistors 0R target? I understand that diodes block return way current, but that resistors let c... |
H: What is this technological device?
Today at work, I came across this device. One of the black lids has the inscription PGEP79. A small amount of colorless liquid was contained inside the transparent casing. Overall, it looks like an electrical device, so that's why I decided to ask the question here. If this commun... |
H: Thermionic cathode heater filament conundrum
An old CRT I have specifies 6.3 V (DC, I believe) on the heater filament, resulting in a 0.6 A filament current (spec).
But I measure the filament resistance as 1.8 Ohm.
At V = 6.3 V that would result in a 3.5 A filament current, about 6 times too high!
I'm tempted to me... |
H: A question about gain setting of a DAC versus its supply voltage
I want to power this DAC chip with 3.3V using its Vdd pin. If Im not wrong, specs says nothing about output voltage vs supply voltage Vdd and the following formula is given:
The chip uses a fixed 2.5V reference voltage and one can set the gain.
Is th... |
H: I'm desiging a class AB amplifier with class A preamp, what are the problems with my design?
I'm attempting to design a class AB guitar amplifier with a class A preamp. I'm a novice and this is the first actual project I'm attempting.
What are the possible caveats, as well as my choice in MOSFET? Should I include a... |
H: Controlling brightness on multi-digit 7-segment display
I'm designing a velocimeter and I'm having doubts about the display's brightness control.
I have an ATTiny 2313 microcontroller connected to a CD4511 that drives a common-cathode 3-digit 7-segment display. On the MCU, 4 GPIO pins set the digit pattern and 3 GP... |
H: What width should I use in the dimension layer in Cadsoft Eagle?
I've designed about 20 PCBs in Cadsoft Eagle, and for the board outline I've always used the "20 Dimension" layer, using "wires" of width 0 to enclose the PCB. I did this regardless of whether the PCB was rectangular (thus it could be separated from t... |
H: GND related - maybe off topic
Situation - listening to music via Bluetooth using an integrated amplifier.
I removed the GND wire from my pick up/turntable wich was connected to the amplifier. While removing it from the amplifier the end of the wire removed from the turntable touched the body of the amplifier and th... |
H: Is there a way to make a DC to low voltage AC circuit
All the circuits I see online are like 12v DC -> 220v AC or something along those lines but I'm only looking for something like 9v DC to 9v AC. Is this possible?
AI: There are many ways to generate AC from DC. It all depends on what you want or need.
Basically e... |
H: Is full wave rectified AC, without a smoothing capacitor, okay for switching a DC solenoid and a DC relay?
I have a circuit where the 24V AC secondary voltage of a transformer is full wave rectified to DC.
The only parts that this circuit is connected are some 24VDC solenoids and a 24VDC relay. The solenoids and re... |
H: Why do these resistors decouple the two databuses?
The ZX Spectrum is a computer with a Z80 accessing ROM and two separate areas of RAM, one of which is also accessed by a ULA which generates video. If the Z80 wants to access the video RAM, it may be slowed down to fit in with the timing imposed by the ULA.
This me... |
H: Why is my best placement of a directional antenna so weird?
I moved to an offgrid house with a 3G/4G repeater, with a short, enclosed directional antenna. It was wobbling and poorly mounted on an unstable wood plank at the base of a window, so I decided to fine-tune its placement.
I checked maps and azimuth for nea... |
H: Is there a PID algorithm for "single point" targetting?
I've got a simple control problem that I've tried to solve with a simple algorithm so far, but am wondering if there's a more sophisticated algorithm.
I have a pump hooked up to an Arduino that is feeding water into a vessel on a scale. My goal is to dose a sp... |
H: What is the value that captured into BYPASS register?
The IEEE1149.1 describes many cases of capturing some value in the CAPTURE_IR/CAPTURE_DR stages to the internal registers. For example, the instruction register shall be filled with "...XXXX01" (the exact value is defined by the INSTRUCTION_CAPTURE atribute of t... |
H: How to detect output change of hand-wave sensor in MCU (Nano clone)
I have 12V powered hand-wave sensor (U2 on the image) and some Chinese "Nano" clone powered from same source. On the nano I want to use some pin (P1 on the image) to read U2 output.
I do not know how to connect this, because the primary problem I s... |
H: What type of circuit/components are needed to make a phone charger that stops charging when the battery is full?
I'm building my own portable power station, using a 12v lead acid battery as a power source. Currently I've got 1 12v socket and 2 usb ports on it. The idea being to use it to power something like a cool... |
H: Transistor for Signal Attenuation
I've been considering a circuit that could be used as an equalizer for an audio signal. Specifically, I'm planning on using a set of filters (a cross-over) to split the input into respective channels, and then a set of transistors operating below saturation to act as variable resi... |
H: How can I generate this waveform?
I am trying to generate this waveform:
basically a ramped square wave with a maximum frequency of 1KHz.
My first thought was to use the DAC pin of a microcontroller, but are there any ICs that can do this?
AI: Here is a simple one chip, one display, function generator circuit that... |
H: How can an AC circuit have positive current and negative voltage?
While trying to fully understand capacitors, I have run into a concept I can't understand.
I understand that voltage lags behind current by 90 degrees when connected to an AC circuit, and I understand why it happens, but how can you have positive cur... |
H: Why can a capacitor connected to a battery only charge up until the voltage is equal to the battery?
I've tried searching for an explanation that lays out nicely why the charging of a capacitor stops when its voltage is equal to the supply voltage but I cannot find much. I've only seen one question, which is from Q... |
H: Level shifting of a 3 state pin
I want to design a simple battery charger using MCP73831/2. This chip has a 3-State state pin according to the table below:
I have a 3.3V MCU and I want to connect this pin to a GPIO. The MCU is not 5V tolerant and maximum votlage on any pin is given 3.6V per datasheet (esp32).
My q... |
H: Will a 4.5V - 0 - 4.5V transformer work with a 9V battery?
I am concerned as to whether my circuit will work or not before I build it (I am concerned about the battery voltage.)
This is what I have but my transformer is 4.5V - 0 - 4.5V. Is there any way I can change this to work with a 4.5V - 0 - 4.5V transformer?... |
H: Is a change-over-switch with a VFD dangerous?
We are using a variable frequency drive (VFD) with a compressor. We added a rotary cam changeover switch (600 V/50 Hz, picture is attached) in between the compressor and the motor. The purpose of adding this switch that if the VFD is not working, we can switch to direc... |
H: How to calculate the output resistance of the CE amplifier, which has only a coil in its collector?
In order to be able to match the impedance, it is necessary to know the output resistance of the amplifier.
In radio frequency amplifier circuits, there is usually a coil in the collector instead of a resistor.
Actua... |
H: Simple design for bidirectional current thought a coil
I have a coil made of a spiral PCB trace, with a measure inductance of about 20uH and resistance of about 10 ohms.
I want to be able to run, say, 200-300ma through the coil in either direction (the trace is thick enough to handle the current). Switching between... |
H: LM10 schematic transistor symbols
I'm trying to figure out what certain elements of the transistors from the schematic in the LM10 datasheet represent and I hope someone can help. In the attached image I have several questions:
In Q1, what is the cross bit that looks like a secondary collector?
In Q24 and Q50, ... |
H: How to set idle PWM output as LOW in timer settings in STM32 board?
I start a PWM output(using Timer1) in a STM32 Nucleo board using HAL as follows:
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start_IT(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
And I stop the PWM at an interrupt using HAL as below:
HAL_TIM_PWM_Stop_IT(&htim1, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
But when the PWM is ... |
H: Using H-bridge gate drivers to drive MOSFETs in non PWM applications
I am using IR2110 to drive a highside MOSFET which I intend to use to control the charging of a lithium ion battery (disconnecting it from the charger once full). I am not using any PWM control because the battery will be constantly charging. Just... |
H: Why is a PCI card treated as two loads on the PCI bus?
In PCI bus introduction materials, especially when talking about the load capacity of the PCI bus, it's often stated that a PCI card inserted into the PCI slot is actually acting as two loads on the bus, one is the card itself, the other is the slot in which th... |
H: ISE Design Suite simulation problem
I am new in Verilog language. I am trying to understand the basics. There is this question where the input is a 6-bit number named IN and the output is a 1-bit number named OUT. When IN < 29, OUT is one. Otherwise OUT is zero. I have already written the code, and I am sure it is ... |
H: Accuracy Class and Full Scale
I am using this formula to calculate the class of an instrument:
\$\text{Accuracy Class} = \frac{\max{\text{(Absolute Error in Range of Measurement)}}}{\text{Full Scale Value}}\$
The question is, FSV is the full scale OUTPUT or INPUT value?
In example, I have a preasure sensor with a ... |
H: Arduino Watchdog Power Cycle Circuit
I'm looking at building a watchdog that will power cycle my arduino (weather station) when it is not responding (my arduino gets a CMOS lockup and doesn't respond to reset).
I've read about designs with timers but haven't seen yet a simple design that would work with x hours at ... |
H: Symbol for potentially dirty ground
I have a net which, although should be ground, could potentially be dirty and contain all sorts of minor noise. What is the correct way for me to denote this in my schematic?
AI: Surprisingly IEC symbols come close, at least for a "Clean" ground, see No. 5018:
For a "Dirty Groun... |
H: Using Current Branch Method to Solve this Circuit
I have the following circuit.
It is given that:
\$R_1=10\Omega\$
\$R_2=5\Omega\$
\$R_3=3\Omega\$
\$R_4=8\Omega\$
\$R_5=12\Omega\$
\$B_1=10V\$
\$B_2=5V\$
So using KCL on the two nodes gives;
\$I_1-I_2-I_3=0\$
\$I_3+I_5-I_4=0 \$
Applying the KVL is where I'm havin... |
H: Protecting small DC motor (power door lock actuator) from burning out due to stall
This question of small DC motor burnout due to heat/stall has been asked in a few different ways/scenarios already, so I think I have a basic understanding of what the issue is -- I'm interested in understanding why the below is a pr... |
H: BJT Is Saturation current temperature dependence singularity
So, I am currently looking at the ways transistors change their parameters with temperature according to SPICE for a thorough investigation of synthesizer VCO exponential converter. Particularly, the Is saturation according to this SPICE description varie... |
H: Can this resistor be replaced by a wire or fuse?
My power supply got broken. Upon further inspection, I found out that the high power resistor (15 ohm, 10 W) was broken.
Unfortunately, I can't purchase such a resistor (with the same specifications, not to mention the same brand) and I don't have the schematics and... |
H: Inputs for flipflops sequential circruits
Not very sure if these inputs are correct before i draw my truth table.
Too many lines and i am confused.
JA = QB = KA = B
KA = B
DB = D'
TC = 0
AI: Try using Q(t) and Q(t+1) while writing your state equations to avoid confusion.
Also just use QA and QB(and their complement... |
H: Calculate the next state for flip flop sequential circuit
Based on my previous question, i managed to draw out the truth table
Inputs for flipflops sequential circruits
|------|------|------|----|----|----|----|---------|---------|---------|
| QA | QB | QC | JA | KA | DB | TC | QA(t+1) | QB(t+1) | QC(t+1) |
|... |
H: Temperature coefficient of a resistor
Is it correct to say that the current through a resistor is PTAT(proportional to absolute temperature) if it increase when the temperature increases?
AI: I would say no.
The effects of temperature coefficient can be expressed as
$$ R= R_0 \left[1 + \alpha\left(T_0-T_{\text{r... |
H: 4-bit synchronous counter IC: Do I need to pre-synchronize the count enables? (Metastability?)
Using a 74LVC163 synchronous 4-bit binary counter and would like to predicate the counting on an asynchronous signal. If I apply this signal directly to one of the enables (e.g. CEP), am I assured that the counter will e... |
H: How should I power a 3V toy motor?
I'm helping my brother (8) build a small toy car powered by a tiny 3V motor that we have at home. Most tutorials we've found on the internet suggest using a 9V battery, but never specify the voltage of motor they're using.
As I only have basic and theoretical knowledge in electron... |
H: Will using magnetic base test indicators with breadboards cause electrical interference?
The situation leading to the question
In the Quick Tips #8 // Precision Helping Hands YouTube Video, a "helping hands" with various names such as "Magnetic Base Adjustable Metal Test Indicator Holder" is used with oscilloscope ... |
H: STM32F1/F4: Risks of driving a LED from PC13
In the STM32F411xC/E advanced Arm®-based 32-bit MCUs reference manual on page 71/844, I can read:
Due to the fact that the switch only sinks a limited amount of current (3 mA), the use of
PC13 to PC15 GPIOs in output mode is restricted: the speed has to be limited to ... |
H: How do Ethernet controllers show activity with the LED indicator?
Ethernet controllers usually have an "activity" LED which blinks in some sort of correspondence with the packets traversing the port.
I'm wondering how the controller decides when to turn the LED on and off. It's not a random or timed flashing whe... |
H: Cannot connect microphone using audio jack
I have a microphone and a female 3.5 mm audio jack. I want to use the jack to get the signal from the microphone for a project with an arduino. To test if the microphone works or not, I'm trying to connect it to an oscilloscope, however no signal from the microphone is rec... |
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