| |
| title: not-found.js |
| description: API reference for the not-found.js file. |
| |
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| Next.js provides two conventions to handle not found cases: |
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| - **`not-found.js`**: Used when you call the [`notFound`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/not-found) function in a route segment. |
| - **`global-not-found.js`**: Used to define a global 404 page for unmatched routes across your entire app. This is handled at the routing level and doesn't depend on rendering a layout or page. |
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| ## `not-found.js` |
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| The **not-found** file is used to render UI when the [`notFound`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/not-found) function is thrown within a route segment. Along with serving a custom UI, Next.js will return a `200` HTTP status code for streamed responses, and `404` for non-streamed responses. |
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| ```tsx filename="app/not-found.tsx" switcher |
| import Link from 'next/link' |
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| export default function NotFound() { |
| return ( |
| <div> |
| <h2>Not Found</h2> |
| <p>Could not find requested resource</p> |
| <Link href="/">Return Home</Link> |
| </div> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
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| ```jsx filename="app/blog/not-found.js" switcher |
| import Link from 'next/link' |
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| export default function NotFound() { |
| return ( |
| <div> |
| <h2>Not Found</h2> |
| <p>Could not find requested resource</p> |
| <Link href="/">Return Home</Link> |
| </div> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
|
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| ## `global-not-found.js` (experimental) |
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| The `global-not-found.js` file lets you define a 404 page for your entire application. Unlike `not-found.js`, which works at the route level, this is used when a requested URL doesn't match any route at all. Next.js **skips rendering** and directly returns this global page. |
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| This is useful when you can't build a 404 page using a combination of `layout.js` and `not-found.js`. This can happen in two cases: |
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| - Your app has multiple root layouts (e.g. `app/(admin)/layout.tsx` and `app/(shop)/layout.tsx`), so there's no single layout to compose a global 404 from. |
| - Your root layout is defined using top-level dynamic segments (e.g. `app/[country]/layout.tsx`), which makes composing a consistent 404 page harder. |
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| To enable it, add the `globalNotFound` flag in `next.config.ts`: |
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| ```tsx filename="next.config.ts" |
| import type { NextConfig } from 'next' |
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| const nextConfig: NextConfig = { |
| experimental: { |
| globalNotFound: true, |
| }, |
| } |
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| export default nextConfig |
| ``` |
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| Then, create a file in the root of the `app` directory: `app/global-not-found.js`: |
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| ```tsx filename="app/global-not-found.tsx" switcher |
| export default function GlobalNotFound() { |
| return ( |
| <html> |
| <body> |
| <h1>404 - Page Not Found</h1> |
| <p>This page does not exist.</p> |
| </body> |
| </html> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
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| Unlike `not-found.js`, this file must return a full HTML document, including `<html>` and `<body>` tags. |
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| ## Reference |
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| ### Props |
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| `not-found.js` or `global-not-found.js` components do not accept any props. |
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| > **Good to know**: In addition to catching expected `notFound()` errors, the root `app/not-found.js` and `app/global-not-found.js` files handle any unmatched URLs for your whole application. This means users that visit a URL that is not handled by your app will be shown the exported UI. |
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| ## Examples |
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| ### Data Fetching |
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| By default, `not-found` is a Server Component. You can mark it as `async` to fetch and display data: |
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| ```tsx filename="app/not-found.tsx" switcher |
| import Link from 'next/link' |
| import { headers } from 'next/headers' |
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| export default async function NotFound() { |
| const headersList = await headers() |
| const domain = headersList.get('host') |
| const data = await getSiteData(domain) |
| return ( |
| <div> |
| <h2>Not Found: {data.name}</h2> |
| <p>Could not find requested resource</p> |
| <p> |
| View <Link href="/blog">all posts</Link> |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
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| ```jsx filename="app/not-found.jsx" switcher |
| import Link from 'next/link' |
| import { headers } from 'next/headers' |
|
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| export default async function NotFound() { |
| const headersList = await headers() |
| const domain = headersList.get('host') |
| const data = await getSiteData(domain) |
| return ( |
| <div> |
| <h2>Not Found: {data.name}</h2> |
| <p>Could not find requested resource</p> |
| <p> |
| View <Link href="/blog">all posts</Link> |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
|
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| If you need to use Client Component hooks like `usePathname` to display content based on the path, you must fetch data on the client-side instead. |
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| ### Metadata |
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| For `global-not-found.js`, you can export a `metadata` object or a [`generateMetadata`](/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata) function to customize the `<title>`, `<meta>`, and other head tags for your 404 page: |
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| ```tsx filename="app/global-not-found.tsx" switcher |
| export const metadata = { |
| title: 'Not Found', |
| description: 'The page you are looking for does not exist.', |
| } |
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| export default function GlobalNotFound() { |
| return ( |
| <div> |
| <h1>Not Found</h1> |
| <p>The page you are looking for does not exist.</p> |
| </div> |
| ) |
| } |
| ``` |
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| ## Version History |
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| | Version | Changes | |
| | |
| | `v15.4.0` | `global-not-found.js` introduced (experimental). | |
| | `v13.3.0` | Root `app/not-found` handles global unmatched URLs. | |
| | `v13.0.0` | `not-found` introduced. | |
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|
