Add KAIROS-Thinking-Abduction-5k (5001 records) + dataset card

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README.md

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+---
+language:
+  - en
+license: cc0-1.0
+task_categories:
+  - text-generation
+pretty_name: KAIROS-Thinking-Abduction-5k
+size_categories:
+  - n<10K
+tags:
+  - abductive-reasoning
+  - chain-of-thought
+  - scientific-reasoning
+  - cross-domain-analogy
+  - synthetic
+  - instruction-tuning
+configs:
+  - config_name: default
+    data_files: data/eureka_kairos_v1_5k.jsonl
+---
+
+# KAIROS-Thinking-Abduction-5k
+
+**5,001 synthetic examples that teach abductive reasoning: how to pivot from a failed hypothesis to a cross‑domain breakthrough.**
+
+Most instruction datasets reward deductive step‑by‑step answers. KAIROS targets the other half of scientific thinking — the *Eureka* moment: recognising that the current frame is wrong, borrowing an analogy from an unrelated field, and proposing a novel but testable hypothesis.
+
+This is a mirror of the public Kaggle dataset [`dimsimd/kairos-thinking-5k`](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dimsimd/kairos-thinking-5k) (CC0‑1.0), with two malformed JSON lines repaired and a dataset card added.
+
+## Dataset structure
+
+One JSON object per line, 13 fields, identical across all records.
+
+| Field | Type | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `discovery_topic` | `string` | The scientific breakthrough or invention being reasoned about |
+| `category` | `string` | Domain label (e.g. `Physics`, `Computer Science`, `Space Technology`) |
+| `context` | `string` | Technical background, historical setting and constraints |
+| `standard_logic_failure` | `string` | Why conventional deductive reasoning reached a dead end — the mental block |
+| `failed_hypothesis` | `string` | The specific approach that was tried and failed |
+| `why_it_failed` | `string` | Root‑cause analysis of the failure |
+| `correction` | `string` | The conceptual shift required to escape the dead end |
+| `the_pivot` | `string` | **The crucial insight** — usually a cross‑domain analogy |
+| `reasoning_trace` | `string` | Chain‑of‑thought style monologue: confusion → clue → re‑framing → clarity |
+| `inventive_hypothesis` | `string` | The resulting breakthrough solution |
+| `novelty_score` | `float` | Self‑reported novelty, 0.6 – 0.95 (mean 0.81) |
+| `cross_domain_distance` | `list[string]` | 1–3 fields the analogy was drawn from (mean 3.0) |
+| `implementation_feasibility` | `float` | Self‑reported feasibility, 0.2 – 0.9 (mean 0.71) |
+
+### Statistics
+
+| | |
+|---|---|
+| Records | 5,001 |
+| Unique `discovery_topic` values | 4,434 |
+| Category labels | 36 raw variants (informal taxonomy, some near‑duplicates: `Space Technology` / `Space Tech`, `Medicine & Biotechnology` / `Medicine`) |
+| Total text | ~4.04 M words |
+| Average record | ~807 words · ~6.2 KB of JSON |
+| Language | English |
+| File size | 31.0 MB (`data/eureka_kairos_v1_5k.jsonl`) |
+
+Largest categories: Computer Science (930), Engineering (809), Physics (637), Chemistry (608), Space Technology (584), Medicine & Biotechnology (418), Mathematics & Cryptography (283), Materials Science (173), Nanotechnology (87), Quantum Computing (75).
+
+### Example
+
+First record, with long strings truncated (marked `…`):
+
+```json
+{
+  "discovery_topic": "Transistor",
+  "category": "Physics",
+  "context": "In the early 20th century, the primary challenge in electronics was to find a reliable alternative to vacuum tubes, which were bulky, consumed high power (typically 5-10 watts per tube), and had limited lifespans often less than 1000 hours. …",
+  "standard_logic_failure": "The fundamental flaw in deductive reasoning was the assumption that vacuum tubes could be indefinitely improved to meet the demands of modern electronics. …",
+  "failed_hypothesis": "Attempted to improve vacuum tube performance using barium-strontium oxide-coated cathodes and improved grid structures …",
+  "why_it_failed": "The improved vacuum tubes still suffered from high power consumption …",
+  "correction": "The fundamental shift involved moving from vacuum-based electronics to solid-state devices …",
+  "the_pivot": "The cross-domain analogy came from observing the behavior of semiconductors in radio receivers and the study of quantum mechanics. …",
+  "reasoning_trace": "Initial observations of semiconductor materials showed that they could rectify electrical signals, but their behavior was inconsistent and poorly understood. …",
+  "inventive_hypothesis": "The breakthrough idea was to use a semiconductor material with precisely controlled impurities (doping) to create a three-layer structure (p-n-p or n-p-n) that could amplify electrical signals. …",
+  "novelty_score": 0.9,
+  "cross_domain_distance": ["solid-state physics", "quantum mechanics", "materials science"],
+  "implementation_feasibility": 0.6
+}
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+```python
+from datasets import load_dataset
+
+ds = load_dataset("DimSimd/kairos-thinking-5k", split="train")
+print(ds[0]["the_pivot"])
+```
+
+Ready‑made chat / SFT formatting (the teacher prompt suggested by the dataset author):
+
+```python
+SYSTEM_PROMPT = (
+    "You are Project KAIROS. When faced with a problem, use Abductive "
+    "Reasoning and Cross-Domain Analogies inside your thinking process."
+)
+
+def to_chat(row):
+    assistant = (
+        f"## Context\n{row['context']}\n\n"
+        f"## Why standard logic fails\n{row['standard_logic_failure']}\n\n"
+        f"## Failed hypothesis\n{row['failed_hypothesis']}\n"
+        f"### Why it failed\n{row['why_it_failed']}\n\n"
+        f"## Correction\n{row['correction']}\n\n"
+        f"## The pivot\n{row['the_pivot']}\n\n"
+        f"## Breakthrough hypothesis\n{row['inventive_hypothesis']}"
+    )
+    return [
+        {"role": "system", "content": SYSTEM_PROMPT},
+        {"role": "user", "content": f"Challenge: {row['discovery_topic']}.\n{row['context']}"},
+        {"role": "assistant", "content": assistant},
+    ]
+```
+
+The raw `reasoning_trace` field can also be wrapped in `<think>...</think>` blocks if you are training an explicit reasoning model.
+
+## Intended use
+
+* SFT / LoRA fine‑tuning for scientific and engineering reasoning
+* Training "failure → re‑framing → hypothesis" behaviour rather than answer recall
+* Benchmarks and prompts exploring cross‑domain analogy generation
+* Research on synthetic reasoning data and self‑correction
+
+### Limitations
+
+* **Fully synthetic**, generated by **Mistral‑Medium** from expert‑system prompts. Historical narratives are plausible but not fact‑checked; treat `context` and `failed_hypothesis` as narrative scaffolding, not as a historical source.
+* `novelty_score` and `implementation_feasibility` are model self‑assessments on a narrow range, not calibrated measures.
+* Category labels are inconsistent (36 raw variants, including one‑off slash‑combined labels).
+* Duplicate themes exist across `discovery_topic` values; 4,434 unique topics over 5,001 records.
+* English only.
+
+## Provenance and repairs
+
+Source: [`https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dimsimd/kairos-thinking-5k`](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dimsimd/kairos-thinking-5k), original file `eureka_kairos_v1_5k.jsonl` (31,039,929 bytes, 5,000 physical lines).
+
+The upstream file contains two corrupt lines. Both were repaired **without dropping any content**, giving 5,001 valid records:
+
+1. **Line 4401** — duplicated object prefix: `{"disc{"discovery_topic": "Biohybrid Robots", ...`. Removed the extra `{"disc`.
+2. **Line 5000** — two records concatenated, the second missing its opening `{"discov`: `...0.7}ery_topic": "Cold Storage via DNA Data Archiving", ...`. Split into two objects and restored the truncated key, yielding one extra valid record.
+
+The untouched upstream file is kept at `original/eureka_kairos_v1_5k.jsonl` for verification. No other bytes were changed; field values, ordering and text are as published.
+
+## License
+
+[CC0‑1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) — same as the upstream Kaggle release.
+
+## Citation
+
+```bibtex
+@dataset{kairos_thinking_5k_2026,
+  title  = {KAIROS-Thinking-Abduction-5k},
+  author = {DimSimd},
+  year   = {2026},
+  url    = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/DimSimd/kairos-thinking-5k},
+  note   = {Mirror of https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/dimsimd/kairos-thinking-5k}
+}
+```

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