wrong_code
stringlengths
3
123
correct_code
stringlengths
3
155
explanation
stringclasses
83 values
language
stringclasses
23 values
try {{ throw 'result'; }} catch(e) {{}}
try {{ throw new Error('result'); }} catch(e) {{}}
Throw Error objects.
JavaScript
function baz() {{ echo 'info'; }}
function baz() {{ echo 'info'; }}
Correct.
PHP
echo test world
echo 'test world'
Quote to prevent splitting.
Shell
int main() {{ return 0; }}
int main() {{ return 0; }}
Correct.
C++
'20' + 24
20 + 24
Avoid string coercion.
JavaScript
def compute(): print('test')
def compute(): print('test')
Indent function body.
Python
x := 38
x := 38
Correct.
Go
const x;
const x = 33;
Initialize const.
JavaScript
match item {{ 1 => {{}} }}
match item {{ 1 => {{}} _ => {{}} }}
Match must be exhaustive.
Rust
["data", 55]
["data", 55]
Correct.
JSON
items(27)
if length(items) >= 27, items(27), end
Check length.
MATLAB
if ($foo = 71) {{}}
if ($foo -eq 71) {{}}
Use -eq.
PowerShell
let a = 'result'
let a = "result"
Double quotes.
Swift
Write-Host 'result'
Write-Host 'result'
Correct.
PowerShell
for (int i=0; i<55; i++) {{}}
for (int i=0; i<55; i++) {{}}
Correct.
Java
val = world
val = 'world'
Quote strings.
Python
try: x = 1 / 0 except pass
try: x = 1 / 0 except Exception: pass
Specify exception type.
Python
var a int = 'result'
var a string = 'result'
Type mismatch.
Go
#footer {{ color: #fff; }}
#footer {{ color: #fff; }}
Correct.
CSS
for i in $(ls); do echo $i; done
for i in $(ls); do echo $i; done
Correct.
Shell
<?php // code ?>
<?php // code ?>
Correct.
PHP
values[34]
if (length(values) >= 34) values[34]
Check length.
R
print 'hello'
print 'hello';
Add semicolon.
Perl
<div><p>info</div></p>
<div><p>info</p></div>
Nest properly.
HTML
if (foo = 52) {{}}
if (foo == 52) {{}}
Use ==.
Kotlin
<div color=blue>
<div style='color:blue;'>
Use style attribute.
CSS
id: data age: world,
id: data age: world
Remove comma.
YAML
else print('message')
else: print('message')
Colon after else.
Python
if (result = 87)
if (result == 87)
Use ==.
C++
c = 37
c=37
No spaces.
Shell
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
Use generics.
Java
<img src='result.jpg'>
<img src='result.jpg' alt='desc'>
Add alt text.
HTML
def foo puts 'message' end
def foo puts 'message' end
Correct.
Ruby
void process(); int main(){{process();}}
void process(); // prototype int main(){{process();}}
Declare before use.
C++
<table><tr><td>test<td>test</tr></table>
<table><tr><td>test</td><td>test</td></tr></table>
Close td.
HTML
function bar(): void {{ return 79; }}
function bar(): number {{ return 79; }}
Return type mismatch.
TypeScript
list.forEach(function(count) {{ console.log(count); }})
list.forEach((count) => {{ console.log(count); }})
Arrow functions are cleaner.
JavaScript
[39, 35, 44
[39, 35, 44]
Close bracket.
Ruby
if bar > 25 puts 'message'
if bar > 25 puts 'message' end
Add 'end'.
Ruby
list: - item1 - item2
list: - item1 - item2
Correct.
YAML
math.sqrt(49)
import math math.sqrt(49)
Import module first.
Python
if c = 51
if c == 51
Use ==.
MATLAB
let num = 83;
let num = 83;
Correct.
JavaScript
99item = 10
item99 = 10
Variable cannot start with digit.
Python
// comment
/* comment */
Use /* */.
CSS
<br></br>
<br>
Self-closing.
HTML
b > 52 & b < 2
b > 52 and b < 2
Use 'and' not '&'.
Python
fs.readFile('config.json', (err,data) => {{ if(err) throw err; }});
fs.readFile('config.json', (err,data) => {{ if(err) {{ console.error(err); return; }} }});
Better error handling.
Node.js
for c in range(14) print(c)
for c in range(14): print(c)
Colon after for.
Python
if z = 28
if z == 28
Use ==.
Go
UPDATE products SET status='output' WHERE email=41
UPDATE products SET status='output' WHERE email=41;
Add semicolon.
SQL
if ($y = 68)
if ($y == 68)
Use ==.
Perl
print 'output'
print('output')
print needs parentheses.
Python
<ul><li>data<li>hello</ul>
<ul><li>data</li><li>hello</li></ul>
Close li.
HTML
$z = 5; if ($z = 5) {{}}
$z = 5; if ($z == 5) {{}}
Use ==.
PHP
DELETE FROM users WHERE email=73
DELETE FROM users WHERE email=73;
Add semicolon.
SQL
print('world')
print('world')
Correct.
R
if (x = 55)
if (x == 55)
Use ==.
R
process
process()
Add parentheses.
Kotlin
let result: Int = 'message'
let result: String = 'message'
Fix type.
Swift
class Person {{ int a; }} obj.a=5;
class Person {{ public int a; }} obj.a=5;
Make field public.
Java
int values[58]; values[58]=5;
int values[58]; if(58<58){{}} else values[58]=5;
Bounds check.
C++
if data > 95 print('result')
if data > 95: print('result')
Colon missing after if.
Python
function process(data:string){{return data;}} process(52);
function process(data:string){{return data;}} process('hello');
Pass correct type.
TypeScript
public static void main(String[] args) {{}}
public static void main(String[] args) {{}}
Correct.
Java
with open('input.csv') as file_handle: data = file_handle.read()
with open('input.csv') as file_handle: data = file_handle.read()
Correct.
Python
for (index in list)
for (index of list)
for...in iterates keys.
JavaScript
div {{ color=red; }}
div {{ color: red; }}
Use colon.
CSS
if (y = 93) {{}}
if (y === 93) {{}}
Use === for equality.
JavaScript
if item = 13
if item == 13
Use ==.
Ruby
<a href='https://example.com' target='_blank'>
<a href='https://example.com' target='_blank' rel='noopener'>
Add rel for security.
HTML
foo == '86'
foo === 86
Use strict equality.
JavaScript
process
process()
Add parentheses.
Swift
User.save();
User.save().then(()=>{{}}).catch(err=>{{}});
Handle promise.
Node.js
let z: number | null = null; z.toFixed(80);
let z: number | null = null; if(z!==null) z.toFixed(80);
Null check.
TypeScript
p {{ color: red }}
p {{ color: red; }}
Add semicolon.
CSS
console.log('world'
console.log('world')
Close parenthesis.
JavaScript
let index: number = 'output';
let index: string = 'output';
Fix type.
TypeScript
package main func main() {{}}
package main import 'fmt' func main() {{}}
Import needed.
Go
def process(data): return data + 1
def process(data): return data + 1
Correct.
Python
if [ $num = 85 ]; then
if [ "$num" = 85 ]; then
Quote variable.
Shell
class Child Base:
class Child(Base):
Inheritance uses parentheses.
Python
class = 'message'
class_name = 'message'
'class' is a keyword.
Python
raise 'data'
raise Exception('data')
Raise needs an exception class.
Python
let str = String::from("result"); let r=&str; str.push_str("!");
let mut str = String::from("result"); let r=&str; println!("{{}}", r); str.push_str("!");
Cannot mutate while borrowed.
Rust
val a: Int = 'output'
val a: String = 'output'
Fix type.
Kotlin
'result' + 16
'result' + str(16)
Can't add int to string.
Python
fn render() -> i32 {{ 99 }}
fn render() -> i32 {{ 99 }}
Correct.
Rust
{{"age":"info",}}
{{"age":"info"}}
Remove trailing comma.
JSON
<user><age>result</age><age>12</age></user
<user><age>result</age><age>12</age></user>
Add closing >.
XML
<root><child>text</child></root>
<root><child>text</child></root>
Correct.
XML
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('test')); app.listen(100);
const express = require('express'); const app = express(); app.get('/', (req,res) => res.send('test')); app.listen(100, () => console.log('listening'));
Add callback.
Node.js
jwt.sign({{id:15}}, 'token');
jwt.sign({{id:15}}, 'token', {{expiresIn:'15m'}});
Add expiration.
Node.js
'world' + 94
'world' + 94.to_s
Convert int.
Ruby
int[] data = new int[96]; data[96] = 5;
int[] data = new int[96]; if (96 < data.length) data[96] = 5;
Check bounds.
Java
let mut z=93; let ref1=&mut z; let r2=&mut z;
let mut z=93; {{ let ref1=&mut z; }} let r2=&mut z;
Only one mutable borrow.
Rust
SELECT * FROM products WHRE id=75;
SELECT * FROM products WHERE id=75;
Fix WHERE.
SQL
items[100]
if items.indices.contains(100) {{ items[100] }}
Check index.
Swift
$items[73] = 5;
if (isset($items[73])) $items[73] = 5;
Check existence.
PHP
.Order {{ color: green; }}
.Order {{ color: green; }}
Correct.
CSS