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README.md
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license: cc-by-4.0
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---
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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language:
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- zh
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- en
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task_categories:
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- automatic-speech-recognition
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tags:
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- code-switching
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- taiwanese-mandarin
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- traditional-chinese
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- mandarin-english
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pretty_name: Taiwan Mandarin–English Code-Switching Sentences
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size_categories:
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- n<1K
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---
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# Taiwan Mandarin–English Code-Switching Sentences (100)
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A set of 100 short sentences in **Taiwanese Mandarin with embedded English** (code-switching), spoken by a single Taiwanese speaker. Designed for training and evaluating **Taiwan-specific** Mandarin speech models, with deliberate emphasis on words whose **Taiwan readings differ from Mainland Mandarin**.
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## Composition
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| | |
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| ----------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Clips | 100 (`001.mp3`–`100.mp3`) |
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| Audio | MP3, 48 kHz, mono, 256 kbps |
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| Duration | 5–14 s each (~13 min total) |
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| Speaker | 1 |
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| `human` | 20 — recorded by the speaker |
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| `synthetic` | 80 — generated with [openbmb/VoxCPM2](https://huggingface.co/openbmb/VoxCPM2), using a voice cloned from the human recordings |
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| Language | Traditional Chinese (zh-Hant, Taiwan) + English |
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## Format
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HuggingFace `AudioFolder` layout: audio files plus `metadata.jsonl`, with one line per clip:
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```json
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{"file_name": "048.mp3",
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"text": "升息的循環還沒結束,房貸的 interest rate 一直在漲,很多人的還款壓力突然變得很大。",
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"source": "synthetic",
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"tts_model": "openbmb/VoxCPM2",
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"reference_audio": "001.mp3",
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"tts_text": "升{xi2}的循環還沒結束,房{dai4}的 interest rate 一直在{zhang3},很多人的{huan2}款壓力{tu2}然變得很大。"}
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```
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| Field | Meaning |
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| -------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `file_name` | Audio file |
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| `text` | Clean transcript/label |
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| `source` | `human` or `synthetic` |
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| `tts_model` / `reference_audio` / `tts_text` | Provenance for synthetic clips: the model, the speaker’s clip used as the voice reference, and the inline-pinyin text actually fed to the TTS system (`null` for human clips) |
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## Pronunciation
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The `text` field is the clean transcript/label.
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For synthesis, Taiwan readings were enforced with **inline pinyin** (e.g., `企` → `{qi4}`), covering three categories: Taiwan/Mainland pronunciation differences, polyphonic characters, and characters that the TTS system misread and were manually corrected. The synthetic voice’s soft retroflex realization of zh/ch/sh is an intended feature of the Taiwanese accent.
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## Intended Use
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Training and evaluating **Taiwan Mandarin** speech models, especially on **Mandarin–English code-switching** and Taiwan-specific readings. Use the `source` field to keep human and synthetic data separate, such as evaluating on `human` clips only.
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## Limitations
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* Single speaker and small dataset.
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* Part of the dataset is synthetic and generated through voice cloning.
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* Synthetic readings were verified through ASR comparison and spot listening, but not exhaustively.
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