metadata/ASH.jsonl

{"title": "Quantifying lymphocyte receptor diversity", "year": 2016, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Thierry Mora", "Aleksandra Walczak"], "abstract": "  To recognize pathogens, B and T lymphocytes are endowed with a wide\nrepertoire of receptors generated stochastically by V(D)J recombination.\nMeasuring and estimating the diversity of these receptors is of great\nimportance for understanding adaptive immunity. In this chapter we review\nrecent modeling approaches for analyzing receptor diversity from\nhigh-throughput sequencing data. We first clarify the various existing notions\nof diversity, with its many competing mathematical indices, and the different\nbiological levels at which it can be evaluated. We then describe inference\nmethods for characterizing the statistical diversity of receptors at different\nstages of their history: generation, selection and somatic evolution. We\ndiscuss the intrinsic difficulty of estimating the diversity of receptors\nrealized in a given individual from incomplete samples. Finally, we emphasize\nthe limitations of diversity defined at the level of receptor sequences, and\nadvocate the more relevant notion of functional diversity relative to the set\nof recognized antigens.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1604.00487", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.00487"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Systems Immunology, (ed. J. Das, C. Jayaprakash), Chapter 11\n  (2018)", "categories": "q-bio.PE q-bio.GN"}
{"title": "Crouching AGM, Hidden Modularity", "year": 2016, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Shaun Cooper", "Jes\\'us Guillera", "Armin Straub", "Wadim Zudilin"], "abstract": "  Special arithmetic series $f(x)=\\sum_{n=0}^{\\infty}c_nx^n$, whose\ncoefficients $c_n$ are normally given as certain binomial sums, satisfy\n\"self-replicating\" functional identities. For example, the equation\n$$\\frac1{(1+4z)^2}f\\biggl(\\frac{z}{(1+4z)^3}\\biggr)=\\frac1{(1+2z)^2}f\\biggl(\\frac{z^2}{(1+2z)^3}\\biggr)$$\ngenerates a modular form $f(x)$ of weight 2 and level 7, when a related modular\nparametrization $x=x(\\tau)$ is properly chosen. In this note we investigate the\npotential of describing modular forms by such self-replicating equations as\nwell as applications of the equations that do not make use of the modularity.\nIn particular, we outline a new recipe of generating AGM-type algorithms for\ncomputing $\\pi$ and other related constants. Finally, we indicate some\npossibilities to extend the functional equations to a two-variable setting.\n", "doi": "10.1142/9789813228887_0009", "arxiv_id": "1604.01106", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.01106"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Frontiers in Orthogonal Polynomials and q-Series (M. Zuhair Nashed\n  and Xin Li, eds.), Contemporary Mathematics and Its Applications: Monographs,\n  Expositions and Lecture Notes 1 (World Scientific, 2018), pp. 169--187", "categories": "math.NT math.CA math.CO"}
{"title": "What Can We Learn From Analogue Experiments?", "year": 2016, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Karim P. Y. Thebault"], "abstract": "  In 1981 Unruh proposed that fluid mechanical experiments could be used to\nprobe key aspects of the quantum phenomenology of black holes. In particular,\nhe claimed that an analogue to Hawking radiation could be created within a\nfluid mechanical `dumb hole', with the event horizon replaced by a sonic\nhorizon. Since then an entire sub-field of `analogue gravity' has been created.\nIn 2016 Steinhauer reported the experimental observation of quantum Hawking\nradiation and its entanglement in a Bose-Einstein condensate analogue black\nhole. What can we learn from such analogue experiments? In particular, in what\nsense can they provide evidence of novel phenomena such as black hole Hawking\nradiation?\n", "doi": "10.1017/9781108671224.014", "arxiv_id": "1610.05028", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1610.05028"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "in Why Trust a Theory?, Dardashti, Dawid and Th\\'ebault (Eds.),\n  (CUP), 2019", "categories": "gr-qc"}
{"title": "Rayleigh Quotient Iteration with a Multigrid in Energy Preconditioner\n  for Massively Parallel Neutron Transport", "year": 2017, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["R.N. Slaybaugh", "T.M. Evans", "G.G. Davidson", "P.P.H. Wilson"], "abstract": "  Three complementary methods have been implemented in the code Denovo that\naccelerate neutral particle transport calculations with methods that use\nleadership-class computers fully and effectively: a multigroup block (MG)\nKrylov solver, a Rayleigh quotient iteration (RQI) eigenvalue solver, and a\nmultigrid in energy preconditioner. The multigroup Krylov solver converges more\nquickly than Gauss Seidel and enables energy decomposition such that Denovo can\nscale to hundreds of thousands of cores. The new multigrid in energy\npreconditioner reduces iteration count for many problem types and takes\nadvantage of the new energy decomposition such that it can scale efficiently.\nThese two tools are useful on their own, but together they enable the RQI\neigenvalue solver to work. Each individual method has been described before,\nbut this is the first time they have been demonstrated to work together\neffectively.\n  RQI should converge in fewer iterations than power iteration (PI) for large\nand challenging problems. RQI creates shifted systems that would not be\ntractable without the MG Krylov solver. It also creates ill-conditioned\nmatrices that cannot converge without the multigrid in energy preconditioner.\nUsing these methods together, RQI converged in fewer iterations and in less\ntime than all PI calculations for a full pressurized water reactor core. It\nalso scaled reasonably well out to 275,968 cores.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1702.02111", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.02111"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "ANS MC2015 Joint International Conference on Mathematics and\n  Computation, Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications and the Monte Carlo\n  Method, Nashville, Tennessee, April 19-23, 2015", "categories": "cs.CE cs.NA math.NA physics.comp-ph"}
{"title": "Geometry and Arithmetic on the Siegel-Jacobi Space", "year": 2017, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Jae-Hyun Yang"], "abstract": "  The Siegel-Jacobi space is a non-symmetric homogeneous space which is very\nimportant geometrically and arithmetically. In this paper, we discuss the\ntheory of the geometry and the arithmetic of the Siegel-Jacobi space.\n", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-31911523-8", "arxiv_id": "1702.08663", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1702.08663"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Geometry and Analysis on Manifold -In Memory of Prof. S.\n  Kobayashi- Progress in Mathematics, Birkhauser, Vol. 308, 275-325 (2015),\n  Springer International Publishing", "categories": "math.NT math.DG"}
{"title": "Some Ageing Properties of Dynamic Additive Mean Residual Life Model", "year": 2017, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Suchismita Das and Asok K. Nanda"], "abstract": "  Although proportional hazard rate model is a very popular model to analyze\nfailure time data, sometimes it becomes important to study the additive hazard\nrate model. Again, sometimes the concept of the hazard rate function is\nabstract, in comparison to the concept of mean residual life function. A new\nmodel called `dynamic additive mean residual life model' where the covariates\nare time-dependent has been defined in the literature. Here we study the\nclosure properties of the model for different positive and negative ageing\nclasses under certain condition(s). Quite a few examples are presented to\nillustrate different properties of the model.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1705.10238", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.10238"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Rashi (2017), Vol 2, Issue 1, pp. 26-33", "categories": "math.ST stat.TH"}
{"title": "T-duality in rational homotopy theory via $L_\\infty$-algebras", "year": 2017, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Domenico Fiorenza", "Hisham Sati", "Urs Schreiber"], "abstract": "  We combine Sullivan models from rational homotopy theory with Stasheff's\n$L_\\infty$-algebras to describe a duality in string theory. Namely, what in\nstring theory is known as topological T-duality between $K^0$-cocycles in type\nIIA string theory and $K^1$-cocycles in type IIB string theory, or as Hori's\nformula, can be recognized as a Fourier-Mukai transform between twisted\ncohomologies when looked through the lenses of rational homotopy theory. We\nshow this as an example of topological T-duality in rational homotopy theory,\nwhich in turn can be completely formulated in terms of morphisms of\n$L_\\infty$-algebras.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1712.00758", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.00758"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Geometry, Topology and Maths. Physics Journal; Volume 1 (2018);\n  special volume in tribute of Jim Stasheff and Dennis Sullivan", "categories": "math-ph hep-th math.AT math.KT math.MP"}
{"title": "A Missing Proof of The Gibbard-Satterthwaite Theorem", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Uuganbaatar Ninjbat"], "abstract": "  A short and direct proof of the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem \\`{a} la\nAmartya Sen's proof of Arrow's impossibility theorem is given.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1801.05792", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1801.05792"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Hitotsubashi Journal of Economics (2018), 59(1): 1-8", "categories": "math.CO"}
{"title": "Extremal Controls in the Sub-Riemannian Problem on the Group of Motions\n  of Euclidean Space", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Alexey Mashtakov", "Anton Popov"], "abstract": "  For the sub-Riemannian problem on the group of motions of Euclidean space we\npresent explicit formulas for extremal controls in a special case, when one of\nthe initial momenta is fixed.\n", "doi": "10.1134/s1560354717080044", "arxiv_id": "1805.08537", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.08537"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Mashtakov, A.P. & Popov, A.Y. Regul. Chaot. Dyn. (2017) 22: 949", "categories": "math.OC"}
{"title": "Performance of a segmented $^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector\n  for the PROSPECT experiment", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["J. Ashenfelter", "A. B. Balantekin", "H. R. Band", "C. D. Bass", "D. E.\n  Bergeron", "D. Berish", "N. S. Bowden", "J. P. Brodsky", "C. D. Bryan", "A. Bykadorova\n  Telles", "J. J. Cherwinka", "T. Classen", "K. Commeford", "A. Conant", "D. Davee", "G.\n  Deichert", "M. V. Diwan", "M. J. Dolinski", "A. Erickson", "B. T. Foust", "J. K.\n  Gaison", "A. Galindo-Uribarri", "K. Gilje", "B. Hackett", "K. Han", "S. Hans", "A.\n  Hansell", "K. M. Heeger", "B. Heffron", "J. Insler"], "abstract": "  This paper describes the design and performance of a 50 liter, two-segment\n$^{6}$Li-loaded liquid scintillator detector that was designed and operated as\nprototype for the PROSPECT (Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum)\nExperiment. The two-segment detector was constructed according to the design\nspecifications of the experiment. It features low-mass optical separators, an\nintegrated source and optical calibration system, and materials that are\ncompatible with the $^{6}$Li-doped scintillator developed by PROSPECT. We\ndemonstrate a high light collection of 850$\\pm$20 PE/MeV, an energy resolution\nof $\\sigma$ = 4.0$\\pm$0.2% at 1 MeV, and efficient pulse-shape discrimination\nof low $dE/dx$ (electronic recoil) and high $dE/dx$ (nuclear recoil) energy\ndepositions. An effective scintillation attenuation length of 85$\\pm$3 cm is\nmeasured in each segment. The 0.1% by mass concentration of $^{6}$Li in the\nscintillator results in a measured neutron capture time of $\\tau$ =\n42.8$\\pm$0.2 $\\mu s$. The long-term stability of the scintillator is also\ndiscussed. The detector response meets the criteria necessary for achieving the\nPROSPECT physics goals and demonstrates features that may find application in\nfast neutron detection.\n", "doi": "10.1088/1748-0221/13/06/p06023", "arxiv_id": "1805.09245", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.09245"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "J. Ashenfelter et al 2018 JINST 13 P06023", "categories": "physics.ins-det hep-ex"}
{"title": "Translating MFM into FOL: towards plant operation planning", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Shota Motoura", "Kazeto Yamamoto", "Shumpei Kubosawa", "Takashi Onishi"], "abstract": "  This paper proposes a method to translate multilevel flow modeling (MFM) into\na first-order language (FOL), which enables the utilisation of logical\ntechniques, such as inference engines and abductive reasoners. An example of\nthis is a planning task for a toy plant that can be solved in FOL using\nabduction. In addition, owing to the expressivity of FOL, the language is\ncapable of describing actions and their preconditions. This allows the\nderivation of procedures consisting of multiple actions.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1806.07037", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.07037"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Functional\n  Modelling for Design and Operation of Engineering Systems, 24 - 25 May, 2018,\n  Kurashiki, Japan", "categories": "cs.AI"}
{"title": "A phase-space approach to non-stationary nonlinear systems", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Vladimir L. Kalashnikov and Sergey L. Cherkas"], "abstract": "  A phase-space formulation of non-stationary nonlinear dynamics including both\nHamiltonian (e.g., quantum-cosmological) and dissipative (e.g., dissipative\nlaser) systems reveals an unexpected affinity between seemly different branches\nof physics such as nonlinear dynamics far from equilibrium, statistical\nmechanics, thermodynamics, and quantum physics. One of the key insights is a\nclear distinction between the \"vacuum\" and \"squeezed\" states of a\nnon-stationary system. For a dissipative system, the \"squeezed state\" (or the\ncoherent \"concentrate\") mimics vacuum one and can be very attractable in\npraxis, in particular, for energy harvesting at the ultrashort time scales in a\nlaser or \"material laser\" physics including quantum computing. The promising\nadvantage of the phase-space formulation of the dissipative soliton dynamics is\nthe possibility of direct calculation of statistical (including quantum)\nproperties of coherent, partially-coherent, and non-coherent dissipative\nstructure without numerically consuming statistic harvesting.\n", "doi": "10.1007/978-3-030-15297-0_13", "arxiv_id": "1808.08819", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.08819"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Springer Proceedings in Complexity: 11th Chaotic Modeling and\n  Simulation International Conference, C. H. Skiadas, I. Lubashevsky (Eds.),\n  pp. 135-147 (Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, 2019)", "categories": "nlin.PS"}
{"title": "Thermal Modeling, Heat Mitigation, and Radiative Cooling for Double-Clad\n  Fiber Amplifiers", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Esmaeil Mobini", "Mostafa Peysokhan", "Behnam Abaie", "and Arash Mafi"], "abstract": "  We report a detailed formalism aimed at the thermal modeling and heat\nmitigation in high-power double-clad fiber amplifiers. Closed form analytical\nformulas are developed that take into account the spatial profile of the\namplified signal and pump in the double-clad geometry, the presence of the\namplified spontaneous emission, and the possibility of radiative cooling due to\nanti-Stokes fluorescence emission. The formalism is applied to a high-power\nYb-doped silica fiber amplifier. The contributions to the heat-load from the\npump-signal quantum defect, as well as the pump and signal parasitic\nabsorptions are compared to the radiative cooling. It is shown that for\nrealistic cases, the local heat generation in kiloWatt-class fiber amplifiers\nis either dominated by the quantum defect or the parasitic absorption depending\non the pump wavelength. In conventional designs, radiative cooling can be\nsubstantial only in properly designed amplifiers, when the pump power is tens\nof watts or lower, unless the parasitic absorption is reduced compared to the\ncommonly reported values in the literature. We also explore the impact of the\nnon-ideal quantum efficiency of the gain material. The developed formalism can\nbe used to design fiber amplifiers and lasers for optimal heat mitigation,\nespecially due to radiative cooling.\n", "doi": "10.1364/josab.35.002484", "arxiv_id": "1809.10322", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1809.10322"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Esmaeil Mobini, Mostafa Peysokhan, Behnam Abaie, and Arash Mafi,\n  \"Thermal modeling, heat mitigation, and radiative cooling for double-clad\n  fiber amplifiers,\" J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 35, 2484-2493 (2018)", "categories": "physics.app-ph physics.optics"}
{"title": "Local stress analysis in Cu$_{50\\%}$Zr$_{50\\%}$ metallic glass under\n  shear strain by means of first principle modeling", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["I.Lobzenko", "Y.Shiihara", "T.Iwashita"], "abstract": "  Metallic glasses deform elastically under stress. However, the atomic-level\norigin of elastic properties of metallic glasses remain unclear. In this paper\nusing {\\em ab initio} molecular dynamics simulations of the Cu$_{50}$Zr$_{50}$\nmetallic glass under shear strain, we show that the heterogeneous stress\nrelaxation results in the increased charge transfer from Zr to Cu atoms,\nenhancing the softening of the shear modulus. Changes in compositional\nshort-range order and atomic position shifts due to the non-affine deformation\nare discussed. It is shown that the Zr subsystem exhibits a stiff behavior,\nwhereas the displacements of Cu atoms from their initial positions, induced by\nthe strain, provide the stress drop and softening.\n", "doi": "10.1103/physrevlett.124.085503", "arxiv_id": "1811.01223", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.01223"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "I. Lobzenko, Y. Shiihara, T. Iwashita, and T. Egami, Phys. Rev.\n  Lett. 124, 085503 (2020)", "categories": "cond-mat.mtrl-sci"}
{"title": "Highly-coherent stimulated phonon oscillations in a multi-core optical\n  fiber", "year": 2018, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["H. Hagai Diamandi", "Yosef London", "Gil Bashan", "Arik Bergman", "and Avi\n  Zadok"], "abstract": "  Opto-mechanical oscillators that generate coherent acoustic waves are drawing\nmuch interest, in both fundamental research and applications. Narrowband\noscillations can be obtained through the introduction of feedback to the\nacoustic wave. Most previous realizations of this concept, sometimes referred\nto as \"phonon lasers\", relied on radiation pressure and moving boundary effects\nin micro- or nano-structured media. Demonstrations in bulk crystals required\ncryogenic temperatures. In this work, stimulated emission of highly-coherent\nacoustic waves is achieved in a commercially-available multi-core fiber, at\nroom temperature. The fiber is connected within an opto-electronic cavity loop.\nPump light in one core is driving acoustic waves via electrostriction, whereas\nan optical probe wave at a different physical core undergoes photo-elastic\nmodulation by the stimulated acoustic waves. Coupling between pump and probe is\nbased entirely on inter-core, opto-mechanical cross-phase modulation: no direct\noptical feedback is provided. Single-frequency mechanical oscillations at\nhundreds of MHz frequencies are obtained, with side-mode suppression that is\nbetter than 55 dB. A sharp threshold and rapid collapse of the linewidth above\nthreshold are observed. The linewidths of the acoustic oscillations are on the\norder of 100 Hz, orders of magnitude narrower than those of the pump and probe\nlight sources. The relative Allan's deviation of the frequency is between 0.1-1\nppm. The frequency may be switched among several values by propagating the pump\nor probe waves in different cores. The results may be used in sensing,\nmetrology and microwave-photonic information processing applications.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1811.06290", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1811.06290"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "H. H. Diamandi, Y. London, G. Bashan, A. Bergman, and A. Zadok,\n  \"Highly-coherent stimulated phonon oscillations in a multi-core optical\n  fibers,\" Scientific Reports 8, 9514 (2018)", "categories": "physics.optics"}
{"title": "Lithium-loaded Liquid Scintillator Production for the PROSPECT\n  experiment", "year": 2019, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["PROSPECT Collaboration", "J. Ashenfelter", "A. B. Balantekin", "H. R. Band", "C. D. Bass", "D. E. Bergeron", "D. Berish", "L. J. Bignell", "N. S. Bowden", "J. P.\n  Brodsky", "C. D. Bryan", "C. Camilo Reyes", "S. Campos", "J. J. Cherwinka", "T.\n  Classen", "A. J. Conant", "D. Davee", "D. Dean", "G. Deichert", "R. Diaz Perez", "M. V.\n  Diwan", "M. J. Dolinski", "A. Erickson", "M. Febbraro", "B. T. Foust", "J. K. Gaison", "A. Galindo-Uribarri", "C. E. Gilbert", "B. T. Hackett", "S. Hans"], "abstract": "  This work reports the production and characterization of lithium-loaded\nliquid scintillator (LiLS) for the Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum\nExperiment (PROSPECT). Fifty-nine 90 liter batches of LiLS (${}^6{\\rm Li}$ mass\nfraction 0.082%$\\pm$0.001%) were produced and samples from all batches were\ncharacterized by measuring their optical absorbance relative to air, light\nyield relative to a pure liquid scintillator reference, and pulse shape\ndiscrimination capability. Fifty-seven batches passed the quality assurance\ncriteria and were used for the PROSPECT experiment.\n", "doi": "10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/p03026", "arxiv_id": "1901.05569", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.05569"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "J. Ashenfelter et al 2019 JINST 14 P03026", "categories": "physics.ins-det"}
{"title": "Geometry and Design of Equiangular Spirals", "year": 2019, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Konstantinos Myrianthis"], "abstract": "  In an equiangular spiral, \"the whorls continually increase in breadth and do\nso in a steady and unchanging ratio... It follows that the sectors cut off by\nsuccessive radii, at equal vectorial angles, are similar to one another in\nevery respect and that the figure may be conceived as growing continuously\nwithout ever changing its shape the while\" as stated by Sir D'Arcy W. Thompson.\nThe mathematical modeling of them is a very attractive topic of study and\nresearch and more specifically, the geometrical conditions under which any\nquadrangle or triangle can be fitted into similar copies of itself and form an\nequiangular spiral. This formation gives the impression of a digital form of\nspiral, where every digit is a triangle or quadrangle following similarity\nlaws, which can allow a multiplicity of design capabilities. The study of these\ncapabilities is presented in the present article and is related with the\ngeometry and the design characteristics of equiangular spirals.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "1910.04138", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.04138"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Ch. Ashbacher (ed.): Topics in Recreational Mathematics 1/2016,\n  edited by C. Ashbacher, pp. 68-102", "categories": "math.HO"}
{"title": "Ensembles of Deep Neural Networks for Action Recognition in Still Images", "year": 2020, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Sina Mohammadi", "Sina Ghofrani Majelan", "Shahriar B. Shokouhi"], "abstract": "  Despite the fact that notable improvements have been made recently in the\nfield of feature extraction and classification, human action recognition is\nstill challenging, especially in images, in which, unlike videos, there is no\nmotion. Thus, the methods proposed for recognizing human actions in videos\ncannot be applied to still images. A big challenge in action recognition in\nstill images is the lack of large enough datasets, which is problematic for\ntraining deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) due to the overfitting\nissue. In this paper, by taking advantage of pre-trained CNNs, we employ the\ntransfer learning technique to tackle the lack of massive labeled action\nrecognition datasets. Furthermore, since the last layer of the CNN has\nclass-specific information, we apply an attention mechanism on the output\nfeature maps of the CNN to extract more discriminative and powerful features\nfor classification of human actions. Moreover, we use eight different\npre-trained CNNs in our framework and investigate their performance on Stanford\n40 dataset. Finally, we propose using the Ensemble Learning technique to\nenhance the overall accuracy of action classification by combining the\npredictions of multiple models. The best setting of our method is able to\nachieve 93.17$\\%$ accuracy on the Stanford 40 dataset.\n", "doi": "10.1109/iccke48569.2019.8965014", "arxiv_id": "2003.09893", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.09893"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "2019 9th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge\n  Engineering (ICCKE), Mashhad, Iran, 2019, pp. 315-318", "categories": "cs.CV"}
{"title": "Attention-Guided Version of 2D UNet for Automatic Brain Tumor\n  Segmentation", "year": 2020, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Mehrdad Noori", "Ali Bahri and Karim Mohammadi"], "abstract": "  Gliomas are the most common and aggressive among brain tumors, which cause a\nshort life expectancy in their highest grade. Therefore, treatment assessment\nis a key stage to enhance the quality of the patients' lives. Recently, deep\nconvolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have achieved a remarkable performance in\nbrain tumor segmentation, but this task is still difficult owing to high\nvarying intensity and appearance of gliomas. Most of the existing methods,\nespecially UNet-based networks, integrate low-level and high-level features in\na naive way, which may result in confusion for the model. Moreover, most\napproaches employ 3D architectures to benefit from 3D contextual information of\ninput images. These architectures contain more parameters and computational\ncomplexity than 2D architectures. On the other hand, using 2D models causes not\nto benefit from 3D contextual information of input images. In order to address\nthe mentioned issues, we design a low-parameter network based on 2D UNet in\nwhich we employ two techniques. The first technique is an attention mechanism,\nwhich is adopted after concatenation of low-level and high-level features. This\ntechnique prevents confusion for the model by weighting each of the channels\nadaptively. The second technique is the Multi-View Fusion. By adopting this\ntechnique, we can benefit from 3D contextual information of input images\ndespite using a 2D model. Experimental results demonstrate that our method\nperforms favorably against 2017 and 2018 state-of-the-art methods.\n", "doi": "10.1109/iccke48569.2019.8964956", "arxiv_id": "2004.02009", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.02009"], "github": ["https://github.com/mehrdad-noori/brain-tumor-segmentation"], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "2019 9th International Conference on Computer and Knowledge\n  Engineering (ICCKE), Mashhad, Iran, 2019, pp. 269-275", "categories": "eess.IV cs.CV"}
{"title": "Scaling laws and dynamics of hashtags on Twitter", "year": 2020, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Hongjia H. Chen", "Tristram J. Alexander", "Diego F.M. Oliveira", "and\n  Eduardo G. Altmann"], "abstract": "  In this paper we quantify the statistical properties and dynamics of the\nfrequency of hashtag use on Twitter. Hashtags are special words used in social\nmedia to attract attention and to organize content. Looking at the collection\nof all hashtags used in a period of time, we identify the scaling laws\nunderpinning the hashtag frequency distribution (Zipf's law), the number of\nunique hashtags as a function of sample size (Heaps' law), and the fluctuations\naround expected values (Taylor's law). While these scaling laws appear to be\nuniversal, in the sense that similar exponents are observed irrespective of\nwhen the sample is gathered, the volume and nature of the hashtags depends\nstrongly on time, with the appearance of bursts at the minute scale, fat-tailed\nnoise, and long-range correlations. We quantify this dynamics by computing the\nJensen-Shannon divergence between hashtag distributions obtained $\\tau$ times\napart and we find that the speed of change decays roughly as $1/\\tau$. Our\nfindings are based on the analysis of 3.5 billion hashtags used between 2015\nand 2016.\n", "doi": "10.1063/5.0004983", "arxiv_id": "2004.12707", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.12707"], "github": ["https://github.com/edugalt/StatisticalLaws", "https://github.com/edugalt/TwitterHashtags"], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Chaos 30, 063112 (2020); Codes available at:\n  https://github.com/edugalt/TwitterHashtags", "categories": "physics.soc-ph cs.SI"}
{"title": "Extra-Terrestrial Meteors", "year": 2020, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Apostolos Christou", "Jeremie Vaubaillon", "Paul Withers", "Ricardo Hueso\n  and Rosemary Killen"], "abstract": "  All planets and satellites of our solar system are subject to a continuous\nrain of material, ranging in size from specks of dust to objects the size of\nboulders. Upon impact, these objects deposit their kinetic energy into the\nincident surface or atmosphere and affect the environment of the target body in\nways not yet well understood. Recent high-profile events - impact flashes on\nJupiter and the encounter of comet C/Siding Spring with Mars - brought the\nstudy of \"extraterrestrial meteors\" and their effects into the fore. Here we\nreview the history, status and future prospects of meteor studies on planets\nother than the Earth. Would bright meteors appear in the atmosphere of Mars and\nwhat are the long-term effects on the planet's atmosphere? How do high-speed\nimpacts of particulate matter on the airless surfaces of Mercury and the Moon\naffect their environment and those of the countless other bodies like them?\nThese are some of the questions we attempt to answer in this Chapter.\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "2010.14647", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.14647"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "In: Meteoroids: Sources of Meteors on Earth and Beyond, Ryabova G.\n  O., Asher D. J., and Campbell-Brown M. D. (eds.), Cambridge, UK: Cambridge\n  University Press, 2019, p. 119-135", "categories": "astro-ph.EP"}
{"title": "Automatic Defect Detection of Print Fabric Using Convolutional Neural\n  Network", "year": 2021, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Samit Chakraborty", "Marguerite Moore", "Lisa Parrillo-Chapman"], "abstract": "  Automatic defect detection is a challenging task because of the variability\nin texture and type of fabric defects. An effective defect detection system\nenables manufacturers to improve the quality of processes and products.\nAutomation across the textile manufacturing systems would reduce fabric wastage\nand increase profitability by saving cost and resources. There are different\ncontemporary research on automatic defect detection systems using image\nprocessing and machine learning techniques. These techniques differ from each\nother based on the manufacturing processes and defect types. Researchers have\nalso been able to establish real-time defect detection system during weaving.\nAlthough, there has been research on patterned fabric defect detection, these\ndefects are related to weaving faults such as holes, and warp and weft defects.\nBut, there has not been any research that is designed to detect defects that\narise during such as spot and print mismatch. This research has fulfilled this\ngap by developing a print fabric database and implementing deep convolutional\nneural network (CNN).\n", "doi": null, "arxiv_id": "2101.00703", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.00703"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Digital Fashion Innovation e-Symposium, 2020", "categories": "cs.CV cs.LG"}
{"title": "The mesoscopic geometry of sparse random maps", "year": 2021, "venue_abbr": "ASH", "venue_name": "ASH Annual Meeting", "authors": ["Nicolas Curien and Igor Kortchemski and Cyril Marzouk"], "abstract": "  We investigate the structure of large uniform random maps with $n$ edges,\n$\\mathrm{f}_n$ faces, and with genus $\\mathrm{g}_n$ in the so-called sparse\ncase, where the ratio between the number vertices and edges tends to $1$. We\nfocus on two regimes: the planar case $(\\mathrm{f}_n, 2\\mathrm{g}_n) =\n(\\mathrm{s}_n, 0)$ and the unicellular case with moderate genus $(\\mathrm{f}_n,\n2 \\mathrm{g}_n) = (1, \\mathrm{s}_n-1)$, both when $1 \\ll \\mathrm{s}_n \\ll n$.\nAlbeit different at first sight, these two models can be treated in a unified\nway using a probabilistic version of the classical core-kernel decomposition.\nIn particular, we show that the number of edges of the core of such maps,\nobtained by iteratively removing degree $1$ vertices, is concentrated around\n$\\sqrt{n \\mathrm{s}_{n}}$. Further, their kernel, obtained by contracting the\nvertices of the core with degree $2$, is such that the sum of the degree of its\nvertices exceeds that of a trivalent map by a term of order\n$\\sqrt{\\mathrm{s}_{n}^{3}/n}$; in particular they are trivalent with high\nprobability when $\\mathrm{s}_{n} \\ll n^{1/3}$. This enables us to identify a\nmesoscopic scale $\\sqrt{n/\\mathrm{s}_n}$ at which the scaling limits of these\nrandom maps can be seen as the local limit of their kernels, which is the dual\nof the UIPT in the planar case and the infinite three-regular tree in the\nunicellular case, where each edge is replaced by an independent (biased)\nBrownian tree with two marked points.\n", "doi": "10.5802/jep.207", "arxiv_id": "2112.10719", "pdf_urls": ["https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.10719"], "github": [], "is_oa": true, "sources": ["open-arxiv"], "type": "conference", "journal_ref": "Journal de l{\\textquoteright}\\'Ecole polytechnique {\\textemdash}\n  Math\\'ematiques, Tome 9 (2022), pp. 1305-1345", "categories": "math.PR math.CO"}