Add paper 2.60

.gitattributes

@@ -130,3 +130,4 @@ saved_model/**/* filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 2.58_central-cell-radial-transport-and-interchange-balloonin/Kronos_2-58_Central-Cell-Transport-MHD_Editorial_2026.pdf filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 2.59_end-cell-expander-and-halo-physics-in-a-d-3he-tandem-mi/Kronos_2-59_End-Cell-Expander-Halo_Editorial_2026.pdf filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 2.5_neoclassical-transport-poloidal-flows-and-impurity-scre/Kronos_2-5_Neoclassical-NEO_Editorial_2026.pdf filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/Kronos_2-60_Endcell-Plug-Alternatives_Editorial_2026.pdf filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/CITATION.cff

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+cff-version: 1.2.0
+message: "If you use this record, please cite it as below."
+type: article
+title: "Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D–³He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio–End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades"
+authors:
+  - family-names: "Ford"
+    given-names: "P I"
+    affiliation: "Kronos Fusion Energy"
+    orcid: "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0395-1752"
+  - family-names: "Kulcinski"
+    given-names: "G L"
+    affiliation: "Kronos Fusion Energy"
+date-released: 2026-09-07
+version: "2026.09"
+doi: "10.5281/zenodo.22645939"
+url: "https://www.kronosfusionenergy.com/publications/tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.html"
+license: CC-BY-4.0

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/Kronos_2-60_Endcell-Plug-Alternatives_Editorial_2026.pdf

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2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# 2.60 — Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D–³He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio–End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades
+
+- **Authors:** Ford, P I; Kulcinski, G L
+- **Reserved DOI:** 10.5281/zenodo.22645939  (deposition 22645939)
+- **Status:** NEW
+- **Old number:** 2.103
+- **Canonical page:** https://www.kronosfusionenergy.com/publications/tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.html
+
+## Package contents
+
+- `Kronos_2-60_Endcell-Plug-Alternatives_Editorial_2026.pdf` — editorial paper (the published-quality PDF)
+- `tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.data-methods.pdf` — data, methods & computing supplement (generated)
+- `data/` — key_values.csv, anchors.json, verification.csv, data_dictionary.md
+- `figures/` — referenced figures + figures_index.csv
+- `tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.bib` + `CITATION.cff` — ready-to-cite entries
+- `metadata.json` — Zenodo record metadata
+- `files_manifest.json` — sizes + SHA-256 checksums
+
+> **BUILD ONLY.** Nothing here has been uploaded or published. The reserved DOI is not minted until the founder uploads. All values are public-safe, frozen per the de-risking register.

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/data/anchors.json

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
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+  "paper": "2.60",
+  "title": "Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D\u2013\u00b3He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio\u2013End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades",
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+    },
+    {
+      "symbol": "s^-1",
+      "value": "0.85",
+      "unit": ""
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+    {
+      "symbol": "m_i",
+      "value": "2.18",
+      "unit": "\u00d710^6"
+    },
+    {
+      "symbol": "cold",
+      "value": "3.4",
+      "unit": "\u00d710^5"
+    },
+    {
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+      "value": "0.16",
+      "unit": ""
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+      "value": "0.30",
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+    {
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+      "value": "2.5",
+      "unit": ""
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+      "symbol": "m^-2",
+      "value": "1447",
+      "unit": ""
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+    {
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+      "unit": ""
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+      "value": "10",
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+      "value": "10",
+      "unit": ""
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+    {
+      "symbol": "m_i",
+      "value": "2.5",
+      "unit": ""
+    },
+    {
+      "symbol": "N_z",
+      "value": "1024",
+      "unit": ""
+    },
+    {
+      "symbol": "L_z",
+      "value": "0.583",
+      "unit": ""
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+      "value": "5",
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+      "unit": ""
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+    },
+    {
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+      "value": "0.60",
+      "unit": ""
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+      "symbol": "plug",
+      "value": "16",
+      "unit": ""
+    },
+    {
+      "symbol": "wci",
+      "value": "0.0365",
+      "unit": "0.0114"
+    }
+  ],
+  "codes": [],
+  "validator_gates": [],
+  "verification": [],
+  "related_kronos_papers": [],
+  "provenance": "Values extracted verbatim from the arXiv LaTeX source; frozen per de-risking register 10.5281/zenodo.22645689"
+}

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/data/data_dictionary.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Data dictionary — 2.60
+
+**Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D–³He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio–End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades**
+
+## key_values.csv
+
+| column | meaning |
+|---|---|
+| symbol | the quantity as written in the source manuscript |
+| value | its frozen numerical value (verbatim) |
+| unit | unit as written |
+| provenance | extraction provenance |
+
+All values are extracted **verbatim** from the arXiv LaTeX source of the accompanying editorial paper. They are frozen design-point anchors, independently re-run and stamped in the Kronos physics de-risking register (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22645689). No derived, financial, or supply-chain values are included.
+
+## anchors.json
+
+Structured form of the same anchors plus the computational code stack and related Kronos papers.
+
+## verification.csv
+
+Every gate validator this paper cites, with its live-recompute card URL and current verdict, from the Kronos validator registry (kronosfusionenergy.com/Physics_Validation_Simulation). Columns: serial, machine, domain, title, verdict, validator_url.

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/data/key_values.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+symbol,value,unit,provenance
+wci,0.0365,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+fs,0.45,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+Rmc,2.98,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+QE,1.15,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+Rmc,4.61,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+B_m,17,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+QE,1.318,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+f_n,5.44,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+B_0,10,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+T_i,90,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+T_,2,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+n,4,×10^21,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+plug,4,×10^21,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+mathrmm^-3,16,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+rallel^2^2,1,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+beta_,1.45,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+T_,90,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+A-1,1.0,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+beta_,0.69,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+m_i,1.86,×10^6,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+s^-1,0.85,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+m_i,2.18,×10^6,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+cold,3.4,×10^5,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+s^-1,0.16,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+fs,0.30,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+lim,2.5,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+m^-2,1447,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+T_e,90,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+eta,10,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+eta_H,10,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+m_i,2.5,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+N_z,1024,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+L_z,0.583,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+t,5,×10^-3\,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+t_ci,8.20,×10^-11,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+t_ci,2,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+wci,16.4,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+wci,3.83,×10^8,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+wci,2,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+B_m,11,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+Lam,50,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+ax,2.72,×10^3,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+thr,0.752,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+fs,0,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+R^2,0.99,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+fs,0.15,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+crit,0.31,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+wci,"0.0366,0.0354,0.0335,0.0393",,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+f,"0,0.03,0.0625,0.10",,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+warm,0.85,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+cold,0.16,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+width,0.72,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+QE,1.150,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+mathrmd,0.099,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+dir,0.49,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+QE,1.318,equation,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+lim,1447,"×,",verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+Lam,1447,×,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+width,0.68,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+width,0.60,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+plug,16,,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source
+wci,0.0365,0.0114,verbatim from arXiv LaTeX source

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/data/verification.csv

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+serial,machine,domain,title,verdict,validator_url

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/figures/figures_index.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+file
+fig6_pareto.pdf
+fig3_energetic_vs_cold.pdf
+fig5_mirror_penalty.pdf
+fig8_expander_law.pdf
+fig4_mirror_QE.pdf
+figures_index.csv
+fig9_two_magnets.pdf
+fig2_stab_growth.pdf
+fig7_expander.pdf
+fig1_endcell_schematic.pdf

2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/metadata.json

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+{
+  "metadata": {
+    "upload_type": "publication",
+    "publication_type": "preprint",
+    "title": "Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D–³He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio–End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades",
+    "creators": [
+      {
+        "name": "Ford, P I",
+        "affiliation": "Kronos Fusion Energy",
+        "orcid": "0000-0003-0395-1752"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "Kulcinski, G L",
+        "affiliation": "Kronos Fusion Energy"
+      }
+    ],
+    "description": "<p>The end cell of a tandem-mirror burner must simultaneously keep the plug plasma micro-stable, set the mirror ratio that trades engineering gain against axial end loss, and expand the escaping flux tube onto a survivable end wall—and each of these three tasks admits more than one physical solution. We pose the three problems as a single coupled optimisation for the Aegis deuterium–helium-3 burner, derive the governing relations, and down-select each lever with a GPU-accelerated computation. First, a one-dimensional three-velocity (1D3V) electromagnetic hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) study of a kinetic-stabilizer end cell shows that an energetic (90 keV) isotropic ion population injected at a stabilizer fraction 0.30 drives the plug anisotropy-driven ion-cyclotron microinstability from a normalised growth rate /=0.0365 to 0.0114 and, by =0.45, to full suppression, cutting the saturated field-energy amplification from 145× to 3×; a reduced marginal-stability estimate places the threshold at ≈0.31, in agreement with the kinetic result. A cold (3 keV) warm fill of comparable fraction leaves the mode untouched, isolating an energy/velocity-matched resonant-damping mechanism rather than density dilution. Second, a reduced-order power-balance scan over central-cell mirror ratio =2.98–7.07 (on-axis mirror field 11–26 T) finds the engineering gain rising monotonically, =1.151.55, against a nearly linear expander-area and plug-field penalty; the burner is fixed at the operating point =4.61 (B_m=17 T), where =1.318—the frozen burner gain—behind a plug coil of 26.49 T peak conductor field, a magnet distinct from the breeder's 16.84 T centrepost. Third, a field-line expander study shows the end-wall heat flux obeys q_ end=(P_ ax/A_ thr) ^-1, so bringing the 2.72 GW axial end-loss stream through a 0.752 m^2 throat to the 2.5 MW m^-2 end-wall limit requires a throat-area flux expansion ≈1447×. The three levers close on one internally consistent end-cell design that delivers =1.318 with the direct-conversion fraction held at 0.49. The single outstanding refinement is a two-dimensional kinetic confirmation of the stabilizer, which the one-dimensional model cannot supply.</p><p><b>Key results (frozen anchors):</b> n = 4 ×10^21; plug = 4 ×10^21; m_i = 1.86 ×10^6; m_i = 2.18 ×10^6; cold = 3.4 ×10^5; t = 5 ×10^-3\\.</p><p><b>Related:</b> <a href=\"https://www.kronosfusionenergy.com/publications/tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.html\">Paper page</a> &middot; <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22645689\">De-risking register</a> &middot; <a href=\"https://www.kronosfusionenergy.com/3D_Model\">3D model</a> &middot; <a href=\"https://www.kronosfusionenergy.com\">Learn more about Kronos</a></p><p>Part of the 2026 Kronos publication series; independently re-run and stamped in the Kronos de-risking register (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22645689).</p><p>All numerical values are frozen design-point anchors; see the register.</p><p>Public research artifact. No proprietary, financial, or supply-chain information is included.</p>",
+    "keywords": [
+      "tandem mirror",
+      "kinetic stabilizer",
+      "mirror ratio",
+      "Pastukhov end loss",
+      "expander",
+      "ion-cyclotron microinstability",
+      "direct energy conversion",
+      "helium-3 burner"
+    ],
+    "notes": "<p>Part of the 2026 Kronos publication series; independently re-run and stamped in the Kronos de-risking register (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.22645689).</p><p>All numerical values are frozen design-point anchors; see the register.</p><p>Public research artifact. No proprietary, financial, or supply-chain information is included.</p>",
+    "access_right": "open",
+    "license": "cc-by-4.0",
+    "language": "eng",
+    "publication_date": "2026-09-07",
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2.60_tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he/tandem-mirror-end-cell-and-plug-alternatives-for-a-d-he.bib

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+@article{Kronos2_60,
+  author  = {Ford, P I and Kulcinski, G L},
+  title   = {{Tandem-Mirror End-Cell and Plug Alternatives for a D–³He Burner: Kinetic-Stabilizer End-Cells, the Mirror-Ratio–End-Loss Optimum, and Expander Flux-Expansion Trades}},
+  year    = {2026},
+  publisher = {Zenodo},
+  doi     = {10.5281/zenodo.22645939},
+  url     = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22645939},
+  note    = {Kronos Fusion Energy 2026 design series}
+}

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