id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
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train_11000 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | VA and DOD operate two of the nation's largest health care systems at estimated annual costs of about $53 billion and $49 billion, respectively, for fiscal year 2013, and have established collaboration sites to deliver care jointly with the aim of improving access, quality, and cost-effectiveness of care. In addition, ... | [
"VA and DOD have distinct missions and health care systems to provide services to their respective beneficiaries. VA and DOD provide some similar services in locations where they have facilities near each other, and have established an organizational structure to plan and carry out a variety of joint projects. In a... |
train_11001 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the best practices being used by delinquent debt collectors, and if they offer the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) any prospects for improving collection efforts, focusing on the: (1) uses and benefits of electronic funds transfer (EFT); (2) experiences of two states tha... | [
"Section 6159 of the Internal Revenue Code authorizes IRS to allow taxpayers to pay their taxes in installments, with interest, if this would facilitate collection of the liability. IRS procedures allow taxpayers to enter into an installment agreement any time during the collection process, which involves sending n... |
train_11002 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Army is organizing and equipping rapidly deployable Stryker brigades as the first step in its planned 30-year transformation. Stryker brigades are to help fill a gap in capabilities between current heavy and light forces--heavy forces require too much time to deploy, and light infantry forces lack the combat power ... | [
"In 1999 the Army announced its intentions to transform its forces over a 30-year period into a more strategically responsive force that could more rapidly deploy and effectively operate in all types of military operations, whether small-scale contingencies or major theater wars. Army transformation plans call for ... |
train_11003 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The threat of terrorism has made physical security for federal real property assets a major concern. Protecting these assets can be particularly complex and contentious for agencies whose missions include ensuring public access such as the Department of the Interior (Interior) and the General Services Administration (G... | [
"Interior is responsible for the safety of 70,000 employees and 200,000 volunteers, 1.3 million daily visitors, and over 507 million acres of public lands that include a number of sites of historical or national significance (national monuments and icons), and the security of dams and reservoirs. The Park Service’s... |
train_11004 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO provided information on certain Persian Gulf War veterans' chronic health problems, focusing on: (1) the veterans' current military and health status; (2) the health care services they received after the war; and (3) their opinions on post-war care. GAO found that: (1) the veter... | [
"Between November 1990 and March 1991, 1,200 members of the ARCOM were sent to the Persian Gulf; most returned between March and August 1991. The ARCOM’s mission was combat service support, and members were not involved in frontline combat. In January 1992, officials of the ARCOM first became aware of members’ medi... |
train_11005 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Section 8 low-income housing program is really two programs authorized under Section 8 of the U.S. Housing Act of 1937, as amended: the Housing Choice Voucher program and the project-based rental assistance program. Vouchers are portable subsidies that low-income families can use to lower their rents in the private... | [
"The rental assistance programs authorized under Section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. §1437f)—Section 8 project-based rental assistance and Section 8 tenant-based vouchers—have become the largest components of the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) budget, with combined app... |
train_11006 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1986, Congress established basic sentencing levels for crack cocaine offenses. Congress amended 21 U.S.C. § 841 to provide for a 100:1 ratio in the quantities of powder cocaine and crack cocaine that trigger a mandatory minimum penalty. As amended, 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(A) require... | [
"In its 2005 opinion United States v. Booker , the U.S. Supreme Court declared that the once-binding federal sentencing guidelines (the Guidelines) set by the United States Sentencing Commission are now only advisory, in order to be compatible with the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution. Until 2007, the Guidelines... |
train_11007 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Randolph-Sheppard Act requires that blind individuals receive priority for the operation of vending facilities on federal property. "Vending facilities" include automatic vending machines, cafeterias, and snack bars. This report will discuss several significant court decisions and recent legislation related to the ... | [
"The Randolph-Sheppard Act, originally signed into law by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936, requires that blind individuals receive priority for the operation of vending facilities on federal property. The 1974 amendments to the act changed the term \"vending stand\" to \"vending facility\" and defined the term as mea... |
train_11008 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) has long provided for aliens' exclusion and deportation from the United States on "public charge" grounds. Under current law, aliens outside the United States who seek to obtain visas at U.S. consulates overseas, or admission at U.S. ports of entry, are generally denied entry i... | [
"C ongress has long sought to ensure that aliens immigrating to the United States are able to support themselves. The country's first general immigration law, enacted in 1882, excluded aliens who were deemed \"likely to become a public charge\" after they came to the United States. A little over 20 years later, in ... |
train_11009 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Legislation to augment telework in executive agencies of the federal government is currently pending in the 111th Congress. S. 707, the Telework Enhancement Act of 2010, and H.R. 1722, the Telework Improvements Act of 2010, were introduced on March 25, 2009, by Senator Daniel Akaka and Representative John Sarbanes, res... | [
"The 111 th Congress is considering legislation ( S. 707 and H.R. 1722 ) to foster the development of telework in executive agencies of the federal government. Senator Daniel Akaka, for himself and Senator George Voinovich, introduced S. 707 , the Telework Enhancement Act of 2009, on March 25, 2009, and it was refe... |
train_11010 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Several bills (S. 590, H.R. 1959, and H.R. 2295) that would modify or expand statutory authorities granted to senior executives of the Department of Defense (DOD) have been introduced to the 111th Congress. These authorities relate to the exchange of real property, the outsourcing of some military installation support ... | [
"Some Members of Congress have expressed concern that the cost of redeveloping closed military property may place a burden on local communities. On March 12, 2009, Senator Olympia Snowe (Maine) introduced in the 111 th Congress on behalf of herself and Senator Mark L. Pryor (Arkansas), the \"Defense Communities Ass... |
train_11011 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | After communist North Vietnam's victory over U.S.-backed South Vietnam in 1975, the United States and Vietnam had minimal relations until the mid-1990s. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1995, overlapping security and economic interests have led the two sides to expand relations across a wide range of ... | [
"In the late spring of 2014, longstanding tensions between Vietnam and China over competing territorial claims in the South China Sea flared, deepening U.S.-Vietnam cooperation on maritime security issues in Southeast Asia. In early May, the state-owned China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) moved a large ... |
train_11012 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The proposals of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007 ( P.L. 110-177 , H.R. 660 and S. 378 ), fall within one of four categories. One consists of amendments to existing federal criminal law. The bill increases the penalties for manslaughter committed during the course of an obstruction of justice and for witness ... | [
"Early in the 110 th Congress, the Chairmen of the House and Senate Judiciary Committees introduced essentially identical versions of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007, as H.R. 660 and S. 378 , that mirrored legislation that passed the Senate at the close of the 109 th Congress. Each House reported and pas... |
train_11013 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a list of expiring health insurance provisions. Specifically, it lists Medicare, Medicaid, State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and private health insurance programs and activities under Chapter 7 of the United States Code (U.S.C.)—Social Security—and Chapter 157 of the U.S.C.—Quality,... | [
"T his report provides a list of expiring health insurance provisions. Specifically, it lists Medicare, Medicaid, State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), and private health insurance programs and activities under Chapter 7 of the United States Code (U.S.C.)—Social Security—and Chapter 157 of the U.S.C.—Qu... |
train_11014 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | One source of interest in a tax reform that broadens the base and lowers the rate is the potential increase in growth, as labor supply and investment respond to lower marginal tax rates. Yet, studies of a signature reform in the past, the Tax Reform Act of 1986, found little effect on growth. The act was revenue and di... | [
"T he federal tax system has the ability to influence the economy and decisions of individual taxpayers. This influence has engendered a healthy debate about the extent to which the current federal tax system promotes the socially optimal amounts of economic growth and income redistribution. This debate has played ... |
train_11015 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has for many years expressed interest in both medical innovation and the growing cost of health care. The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, commonly known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, addressed each of these concerns. Through amendments to both the patent law and the food and drug law... | [
"Congress continues to focus attention upon both medical innovation and the growing cost of health care. The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984, commonly known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, addresses each of these concerns. Through amendments to both the patent law and the food and drug law, ... |
train_11016 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | U.S. law provides for the temporary admission of foreign nationals, who are known as nonimmigrants. Nonimmigrants are admitted for a designated period of time and a specific purpose. There are 24 major nonimmigrant visa categories, which are commonly referred to by the letter and numeral that denote their subsection in... | [
"The United States has long distinguished temporary migration from settlement migration. The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) establishes the circumstances under which foreign nationals may be admitted temporarily or come to live permanently. Those admitted on a permanent basis are known as immigrants, or lawf... |
train_11017 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | From September 20 to 22, 2010, heads of state and government convened at United Nations (U.N.) Headquarters for a High-level Plenary Meeting to review progress toward the U.N. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDGs are a group of measurable development targets agreed to by 189 U.N. member states—including the Un... | [
"In 2000, 189 U.N. member states, including the United States, adopted the U.N. Millennium Declaration. In the Declaration, countries made commitments to achieve a series of measurable development targets worldwide by 2015 known as the \"Millennium Development Goals\" (MDGs or Goals). In all, there are eight MDGs c... |
train_11018 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report identifies incentives for and barriers to federal agencies achieving the energy efficiency goals and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets outlined in recent laws and executive orders. The federal government is the single largest consumer of energy in the United States, but consumes only 1% of the total en... | [
"In FY2006, the federal government spent approximately $17.7 billion for 1.1 quads of site-delivered energy for buildings and fuel for vehicles. Buildings consumed roughly 40% of energy end-use, while vehicles consumed the remaining and most significant portion—63%. Overall, energy costs represented less than 1% of... |
train_11019 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Health insurance agents and brokers, collectively called "producers" by insurance companies, assist consumers and small employers in choosing and enrolling in health insurance products. Producers are licensed and regulated by the states. Traditionally, the federal government has had no role in regulating producer activ... | [
"In one survey, a large majority of consumers have reported that the health insurance market is very complex and that they required assistance in choosing a plan. Health insurance agents and brokers, collectively called \"producers\" by insurance companies, assist consumers in choosing and enrolling into insurance ... |
train_11020 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses the Obama Administration's FY2017 defense budget request and provides a summary of congressional action on the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY2017 (S. 2943/P.L. 114-328), and the FY2017 Defense Appropriations Act (H.R. 244/P.L. 115-31). In February 2016, the Obama Administration r... | [
"This report discusses the fiscal year (FY) 2017 defense budget request and provides a summary of congressional action on the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY2017 ( H.R. 2943 / P.L. 114-328 ), and the Defense Appropriations Act, FY2017 (Division C of H.R. 244 / P.L. 115-31 ). The FY2017 process refl... |
train_11021 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Trade is one of the more enduring issues in contemporary U.S.-Latin America relations. Latin America is far from the largest U.S. regional trade partner, but historically is the fastest-growing one. Between 1998 and 2009, total U.S. merchandise trade (exports plus imports) with Latin America grew by 82% compared to 72%... | [
"Trade is one of the more enduring issues in contemporary U.S.-Latin America relations. Historically, growth in U.S. trade with Latin America has outpaced that of all other regions, and over the last 15 years, the United States has signed reciprocal free trade agreements (FTAs) with 11 Latin American countries and ... |
train_11022 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Although elements of the information and intelligence fusion function were conducted prior to 9/11, often at state police criminal intelligence bureaus, the events of 9/11 provided the primary catalyst for the formal establishment of more than 40 state, local, and regional fusion centers across the country. The value p... | [
"The creation of post-9/11 intelligence/information fusion centers does not represent a totally new concept, but suggests an extension of pre-9/11 state and local law enforcement intelligence activities. Most state police/bureau of investigation agencies have run intelligence or analytic units for decades. Many of ... |
train_11023 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | New drugs may not be introduced or marketed without the approval of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). When a person submits a drug application to the FDA for approval, the application includes samples of the proposed labeling. The FDA may refuse to approve an application if the drug is not safe or effective for t... | [
"On January 13, 2009, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a notice in the Federal Register regarding the availability of its guidance for industry on the distribution of medical journal articles and scientific publications regarding unapproved new uses (also known as off-label uses) of approved drugs. The... |
train_11024 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Congressional Review Act (CRA) is an oversight tool that Congress may use to overturn a rule issued by a federal agency. The CRA was included as part of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA), which was signed into law on March 29, 1996. The CRA requires agencies to report on their rulemaki... | [
"The Congressional Review Act (CRA) is an oversight tool that Congress may use to overturn a rule issued by a federal agency. When Congress passes a law, it often grants rulemaking authority to federal agencies to implement provisions in the law. That delegation of rulemaking authority, and the rules issued by fede... |
train_11025 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress authorized the Department of the Interior (DOI) to undertake a program to provide federal financing for water reuse (i.e., planned beneficial use of treated wastewater and impaired surface and groundwater) with passage of the Reclamation Wastewater and Groundwater Studies Feasibility Act of 1992 (Title XVI of ... | [
"To address growing challenges in western water management, in 1992, Congress directed the Secretary of the Interior to establish a federal water reclamation, recycling, and reuse program to share project costs in the West (Title XVI of P.L. 102-575 , as amended (43 U.S.C. §390h)). Commonly referred to as Title XVI... |
train_11026 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Direct assaults against Presidents, Presidents-elect, and candidates have occurred on 15 separate occasions, with five resulting in death. Ten incumbents (about 23% of the 43 individuals to serve in the office), including four of the seven most recent Presidents, have been victims or targets. Four of the 10 (and one ca... | [
"Concerns about the safety of Presidents have existed throughout the history of the Republic, beginning with George Washington in 1794, when he led troops against the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania. The intervening years have witnessed a variety of incidents of actual and potential harm to Presidents (as well as... |
train_11027 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal government holds thousands of properties that agencies no longer need to accomplish their missions. When the government disposes of unneeded properties—through transfer, donation, or sale—it generates savings by eliminating maintenance costs. In addition, when state or local governments, nonprofits, or busi... | [
"Federal executive branch agencies hold an extensive real property portfolio that includes more than 871,000 buildings and structures, and 40 million acres of land worldwide. These assets have been acquired over a period of decades to help agencies fulfill their diverse missions. Agencies hold properties with a ran... |
train_11028 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Enacted in 1998, the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act (AEFLA) is the primary federal legislation that supports basic education for out-of-school adults. Commonly called "adult education," the programs funded by AEFLA typically support educational services at the secondary level and below, as well as English lang... | [
"Many adults in the United States have low levels of literacy or numeracy, or limited English language proficiency. Under the authorization of the Adult Education and Family Literacy Act (AEFLA), the federal government has made grants to states to provide services to improve these skills among adults who are not en... |
train_11029 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | North Korea has confronted the United States with its decision, failing other securityaccommodations, to pursue production of nuclear weapons. The Bush Administration has stated that, although thesituation isunacceptable, it will pursue its resolution through diplomatic means. Military means, however, could be consider... | [
"RS21582 -- North Korean Crisis: Possible Military Options July 29, 2003 The Korean peninsula lies at a nexus of military, economic, and political concerns with global implications. From North Korea'sperspective, it is surrounded by world powers: to the west and north are China and Russia, to the East is Japan, and... |
train_11030 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (the Stafford Act) is the principal authority governing federal emergency and disaster response in the United States. The act authorizes the President to issue three categories of declaration: (1) major disaster, (2) emergency, or (3) fire management a... | [
"Large-scale disasters that cause extensive damage (such as Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy) or loss of life (such as the 9/11 terror attacks) often spur discussions concerning whether the existing federal framework for responding and recovering from disasters can adequately meet the needs brought on by such events. F... |
train_11031 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On January 29, 2013, the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013, a $50.5 billion package of disaster assistance largely focused on responding to Hurricane Sandy, was enacted as P.L. 113-2. In late October 2012, Hurricane Sandy impacted a wide swath of the East Coast of the United States, resulting in more than 120 de... | [
"In late October 2012, Hurricane Sandy impacted a wide swath of the East Coast of the United States. President Obama had, as of January 31, 2013, declared major disasters for 12 states plus the District of Columbia under the authority of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.... |
train_11032 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The federal budget is on an unsustainable path. Though deficit levels are currently elevated, they are expected to fall towards the middle part of the decade as the economic recovery continues. Looking beyond this decade, however, the country's fiscal outlook becomes more bleak as spending on programs like Social Secur... | [
"The federal budget is on an unsustainable path as a result of projected federal debt levels that will continue to grow relative to the size of the economy. In recent years, federal debt has increased as a result of elevated budget deficits attributed to the economic downturn and the policies enacted to accelerate ... |
train_11033 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Proponents refer to administrative subpoenas as a quick, efficient and relatively nonintrusive law enforcement tool. Opponents express concern that they pose a threat of unchecked invasions of privacy and evasions of the Fourth Amendment warrant and probable cause requirements. The courts have determined that, as long ... | [
"Several statutes authorize the use of administrative subpoenas primarily or exclusively for use in a criminal investigation in cases involving health care fraud, child abuse, Secret Service protection, controlled substance cases, and Inspector General investigations. The Child Protection Act of 2012, P.L. 112-206 ... |
train_11034 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In February and March 2009, the Obama Administration announced its plans to increase troop levels in Afghanistan and decrease troop levels in Iraq. In Afghanistan, 30,000 more troops are deploying this year while in Iraq, troops will gradually decline to 35,000 to 50,000 by August 31, 2011 with all troops to be out of ... | [
"In February and March 2009, the Obama Administration announced its overall plans to increase troop levels in Afghanistan and decrease troop levels in Iraq for 2009 through 2011. Using several Department of Defense (DOD) data reports, this report describes, analyzes, and estimates deployed troop strength from the 9... |
train_11035 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Under federal law, an array of civil rights statutes is available to protect individuals from discrimination. This report provides a brief summary of selected federal civil rights statutes, including the Civil Rights Act, the Equal Pay Act, the Voting Rights Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Fair Housi... | [
"Under federal law, an array of civil rights statutes is available to protect individuals from discrimination. Although these laws share similar features, the type of discrimination that they prohibit and the circumstances under which they operate vary from statute to statute. This report provides a brief overview ... |
train_11036 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is one of the world's most pressing global health challenges. Since the beginning of the epidemic, more than 60 million people have been infected with HIV, approximately 30 million of whom have died of HIV-related causes. At the end of 2010... | [
"Over the past decade, the United States has recognized the human immunodeficiency virus and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) as a key foreign policy priority. Congressional authorization of the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in 2003 brought unprecedented attention and funding... |
train_11037 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | At the time of a presidential transition, one question commonly asked is whether the outgoing or incoming President submits the budget for the upcoming fiscal year. Under past practices, outgoing Presidents in transition years submitted a budget to Congress just prior to leaving office, and incoming Presidents usually ... | [
"When a new Congress convenes in January, one of its first orders of business is to receive the annual budget submission of the President. Following receipt of the President's budget, Congress begins the consideration of the budget resolution and other budgetary legislation for the upcoming fiscal year, which start... |
train_11038 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC)—originally enacted on a temporary basis by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA; P.L. 111-5) and made permanent by the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act (PATH; Division Q of P.L. 114-113)—is a partially refundable tax credit that provides financial assistance... | [
"The American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) provides financial assistance to taxpayers whose children (or who themselves) are pursuing post-secondary education. This report examines how the AOTC works, its impact on encouraging attendance at higher education institutions, and issues with administering the credit. T... |
train_11039 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Bush Administration's 2003 National Strategy for the Physical Protection of CriticalInfrastructures and Key Assets indicates that security guards are "an important source of protectionfor critical facilities." In 2003, approximately one million security guards (including airportscreeners) were employed in the Unite... | [
"On August 1, 2004, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) issued a terrorism alert forcritical financial institutions in New York, Washington, DC and Newark, NJ. Press reports indicatedthat these institutions employed security guards, and that surveillance by terrorists included thelocation, armament, and activ... |
train_11040 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Following a boom and bust in real estate and a meltdown in financial markets, Congress enacted a program to purchase troubled assets from financial institutions in October 2008. The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) was created by the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (EESA, P.L. 110-343). Under TARP, the Secreta... | [
"Following a boom and bust in residential real estate and a meltdown in financial markets, Congress enacted a program to purchase troubled assets from financial institutions in October 2008. The Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) was created by Division A of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act (EESA). EESA a... |
train_11041 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Textiles are a contentious and unresolved issue in the ongoing Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) negotiations to establish a free-trade zone across the Pacific. Because the negotiating parties include Vietnam, a major apparel producer that now mainly sources yarns and fabrics from China and other Asian nations, the agree... | [
"The Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) is a proposed regional free trade agreement (FTA) currently under negotiation among 12 Pacific Rim countries. Initiated under President George W. Bush, the TPP concept has wide bipartisan support. As the negotiations progress, provisions concerning textile trade have b... |
train_11042 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is widely seen as a critical strategy for limiting atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2)—the principal "greenhouse gas" linked to global climate change—from power plants and other large industrial sources. This report focuses on the first component of a CCS system, the CO2... | [
"Congressional interest in carbon capture and sequestration (or carbon capture and storage, CCS) has been renewed since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) re-proposed standards for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from new fossil-fueled power plants on September 20, 2013. As re-proposed, the standards would limit... |
train_11043 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The high price of gasoline has been and continues to be a driving factor in consideration of energy policy proposals. Despite passage of the massive Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005, P.L. 109-58), and the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (H.R. 6, P.L. 110-140), numerous other proposed initiatives came ... | [
"Gasoline and crude oil prices surged to record levels in May 2008, but as the summer driving season ended they moderated somewhat, and then plunged as economic worries cut consumption. (See Figure 1 .) Cumulative consumption of gasoline for the first 311 days of 2008 was about 3% less than the same period in 2007.... |
train_11044 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal officials, policy analysts, and homeland security experts express concern about thecurrent state of chemical facility security. Some security experts fear these facilities are at risk ofa potentially catastrophic terrorist attack. The Department of Homeland Security identifies chemicalfacilities as one of the h... | [
"Federal officials, policy analysts, and homeland security experts express concern about thecurrent state of chemical facility security. Referring to them as \"the single greatest danger of apotential terrorist attack in our country today,\" some experts fear these facilities are at risk of apotentially catastrophi... |
train_11045 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Child support orders are almost always expressed in fixed dollar amounts, and over time the needs of the child and the financial circumstances of one or both parents may change. However, without periodic modifications, child support obligations can become inadequate and/or inequitable or may not correspond to the noncu... | [
"Child support is the cash payment that noncustodial parents are legally obligated to pay for the financial support of their children. It is generally established when parents divorce or separate or when the custodial parent applies for welfare. It is usually paid on a monthly basis. Child support payments enable p... |
train_11046 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The purpose of the reconciliation process is to enhance Congress's ability to bring existing spending, revenue, and debt limit laws into compliance with current fiscal priorities and goals established in the annual budget resolution. In adopting a budget resolution, Congress is agreeing upon its budgetary goals for the... | [
"The purpose of the reconciliation process is to allow Congress to use an expedited procedure when considering legislation that would bring existing spending, revenue, and debt limit laws into compliance with current fiscal priorities established in the annual budget resolution. In adopting a budget resolution, Con... |
train_11047 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Effective emergency response is dependent on wireless communications. To minimize communications failures during and after a crisis requires ongoing improvements in emergency communications capacity and capability. The availability of radio frequency spectrum is considered essential to developing a modern, interoperabl... | [
"Since September 11, 2001, Congress has passed several significant pieces of legislation intended to help surmount failures in public safety radio communications such as (1) insufficient interoperability among radio systems, a problem that hampered rescue efforts on and after September 11; and (2) insufficiently ro... |
train_11048 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2005, the United States imported approximately 217 million barrels of oil-sands-derived crude oils from Canada. In 2015, that figure increased to 587 million barrels, accounting for approximately 22% of crude oil imports from all nations. Pipeline oil spills, including the 2010 Enbridge spill in Michigan and the 201... | [
"Imports of crude oil derived from Canadian oil sands have increased dramatically over the past decade. Oil spills involving oil-sands-derived crude oils have generated interest from policymakers and a variety of stakeholders. Several oil spills, including both the 2010 Enbridge pipeline spill in Michigan and the 2... |
train_11049 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The HIPAA privacy rule gives patients the right of access to theirmedical information and prohibits health plans and health care providers from using or disclosing individuallyidentifiable health information without a patient's written authorization except as expressly permitted orrequired by the rule. Plans and provid... | [
"RS20500 -- Medical Records Privacy: Questions and Answers on the HIPAA Rule Updated February 4, 2005 Health plans and health care providers and their business associates are subject to the federal health information privacy regulation (45 CFR Parts 160, 164). The privacy rule gives patients the right of access tot... |
train_11050 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Three events provide impetus for revisiting the cost issue with respect to designing a greenhouse gas reduction program. The first is the election of a new President publicly committed to substantial reductions in greenhouse gases over the next several decades. The second was passage of H.R. 2454 by the House that woul... | [
"Climate change has been a continuing policy issue since the United States ratified the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). An integral part, and sometimes driving part, of the ensuing debate has been the issue of cost—in several manifestations. For the George W. Bush Administration... |
train_11051 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress and the executive branch have long been frustrated with waste, mismanagement, and fraud in defense acquisitions and have spent significant resources seeking to reform and improve the process. Efforts to address wasteful spending, cost overruns, schedule slips, and performance shortfalls have continued unabated... | [
"This report provides background on the Department of Defense (DOD) acquisition workforce. Specifically, the report addresses the following questions: 1. What is the acquisition workforce? 2. What is the current size of the acquisition workforce? 3. How has Congress sought to improve the acquisition workforce in th... |
train_11052 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Individual Development Accounts (IDAs) are savings accounts to help low-income families and persons save for specified purposes, usually education, purchase of a home, or to start a business. IDA programs match an individual's contributions, much like retirement 401(k) accounts. The Assets For Independence (AFI) Act, e... | [
"Most federal and state programs of financial assistance to poor and low-income families either increase income or subsidize the purchase of goods and services to help them meet their basic, immediate consumption needs. The exceptions are education and training programs, that seek to build \"human capital.\" More r... |
train_11053 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The appointment of a Supreme Court Justice is an event of major significance in American politics. Each appointment is of consequence because of the enormous judicial power the Supreme Court exercises as the highest appellate court in the federal judiciary. To receive appointment to the Court, a candidate must first be... | [
"While the U.S. Constitution assigns explicit roles in the Supreme Court appointment process only to the President and the Senate, the Senate Judiciary Committee, throughout much of the nation's history, has also played an important, intermediary role. From 1816, when the Judiciary Committee was created, until 1868... |
train_11054 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the Social Security disability program, the level of earnings that constitute "substantial gainful activity" (SGA), and therefore disqualifies a person from receiving benefits, is set by regulation at $1,070 a month for 2014. However, the law provides a different SGA level for the blind at $1,800 a month for 2014, w... | [
"Under the Social Security Act, disabled individuals qualify for benefits only if they are determined to be unable to engage in \"substantial gainful activity\" (SGA). Under Section 223(d) of the Social Security Act, the Commissioner of Social Security is given the authority to promulgate regulations prescribing th... |
train_11055 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States relationship with China touches on an exceptionally broad range of issues, from security, trade, and broader economic issues, to the environment and human rights. Congress faces important questions about what sort of relationship the United States should have with China and how the United States shoul... | [
"As China's economic and strategic clout has grown over the last three decades, the United States' relationship with China has expanded to encompass a broad range of global, regional, and bilateral issues. With China's economy now the second largest in the world, Washington seeks Beijing's cooperation in rebalancin... |
train_11056 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The standing rules of the Senate promote deliberation by permitting Senators to debate at length and by precluding a simple majority from ending debate when they are prepared to vote to approve a bill. This right of extended debate permits filibusters that can be brought to an end if the Senate invokes cloture, usually... | [
"The legislative process on the Senate floor is governed by a set of standing rules, a body of precedents created by rulings of presiding officers or by votes of the Senate, a variety of established and customary practices, and ad hoc arrangements the Senate makes to meet specific parliamentary and political circum... |
train_11057 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | May a state authorize the use of marijuana for recreational purposes even if such use is forbidden by federal law? This novel and unresolved legal question has vexed judges, politicians, and legal scholars, and it has also generated considerable public debate among supporters and opponents of "legalizing" the recreatio... | [
"Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis famously praised the division of sovereign powers included within America's constitutional structure for its capacity to encourage states to \"serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country.\" This legislative freedo... |
train_11058 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25) provided for an increase in the statutory limit on the public debt in conjunction with a variety of measures to reduce the budget deficit. Included in these measures was the creation of a Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, which was tasked to develop and submi... | [
"The Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA; P.L. 112-25 ), signed into law by President Barack Obama on August 2, 2011, provided for an increase in the statutory limit on the public debt in conjunction with a variety of measures to reduce the budget deficit. These measures included the creation of a Joint Select Committe... |
train_11059 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report summarizes key provisions applicable to Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) in H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as passed by the Senate on December 24, 2009. In general, the bill would expand health insurance coverage to many Americans who currently are unin... | [
"This report summarizes key provisions applicable to Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) in H.R. 3590 , the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), as passed by the Senate on December 24, 2009. The bill, a comprehensive health reform proposal, resulted from the merger of two sepa... |
train_11060 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States contributes funding to various international financial institutions to assist developing countries to address global climate change and other environmental concerns. Congress is responsible for several activities in this regard, including (1) authorizing periodic appropriations for U.S. financial cont... | [
"Many governments acknowledge that environmental degradation and climate change pose international and trans-boundary risks to human populations, economies, and ecosystems that could result in a worsening of poverty, social tensions, and political stability. To confront these global challenges, countries have negot... |
train_11061 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Life insurance policies taken out by and payable to companies on their employees, directors, officers, owners, and debtors are commonly known as corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) policies. (COLI is also known as company-owned life insurance.) Such policies are separate and distinct from typical group life insurance... | [
"Life insurance policies taken out by and payable to companies on their employees, directors, officers, owners, and debtors are commonly known as corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) policies. (COLI is also known as company-owned life insurance.) Such policies enjoy the same two basic preferences under the tax law... |
train_11062 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the enactment of P.L. 94-142, the predecessor legislation to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), in 1975, the federal government has played a prominent role in encouraging the principle of educational equality for children with disabilities through a permanent, broad-scale federal assistance p... | [
"The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides federal funding for the education of children with disabilities and requires, as a condition for the receipt of such funds, the provision of a free appropriate public education (FAPE) for children with disabilities. The IDEA's predecessor legislation,... |
train_11063 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On December 21, 2010, the Commerce Department released 2010 Census population figures and the resulting reapportionment of seats in the House of Representatives. The apportionment population of the 50 states in 2010 was 309,183,463, a figure 9.9% greater than in 2000. Just as in the 108th Congress, 12 seats shifted amo... | [
"The Census Bureau's release of the first figures from the 2010 Census on December 21, 2010, shifted 12 seats among 18 states for the 113 th Congress (beginning in January 2013). Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania each lost one seat; New York and Ohio each los... |
train_11064 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Commemorative commissions are entities established to oversee the commemoration of a person or event. These commissions typically coordinate celebrations, scholarly events, public gatherings, and other activities, often to coincide with a milestone anniversary. For example, the Christopher Columbus Quincentenary Jubile... | [
"Commemorative commissions are entities established to oversee the commemoration of a person or event. These commissions typically coordinate celebrations, scholarly events, public gatherings, and other activities, often to coincide with a milestone anniversary. For example, the Christopher Columbus Quincentenary J... |
train_11065 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act (Perkins Act) is the primary federal law aimed at developing and supporting career and technical education (CTE) programs at the secondary and postsecondary educational levels. Prior to the 115th Congress, the Perkins Act had most recently been reauthorized in 2006... | [
"The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act (Perkins Act) is the primary federal law aimed at developing and supporting career and technical education (CTE) programs at the secondary and postsecondary educational levels. Prior to the 115 th Congress, the Perkins Act had most recently been reauthorized i... |
train_11066 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Rockets, satellites, and the services they provide, once the domain of governments, are increasingly launched and managed by privately owned companies. Although private aerospace firms have contracted with federal agencies since the onset of the Space Age six decades ago, U.S. government policy has sought to spur innov... | [
"Rockets, satellites, and the services they provide, once the domain of governments, are increasingly launched and managed by privately owned companies. Until 1982, the U.S. government launched all civil and commercial payloads into orbit, and U.S. launch vehicle manufacturers produced vehicles only under contract ... |
train_11067 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in the patent system has been demonstrated by the enactment of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA) in the 112th Congress. Most of the provisions of the AIA apply to any type of patented invention, whether it consists of a chemical compound, mechanical device, electrical circuit, or other te... | [
"The recent enactment of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA) demonstrates congressional interest in the patent system. Most of the provisions of the AIA apply to any type of patented invention. For example, the first-inventor-to-file priority system, prior user rights, and post-grant and inter partes review p... |
train_11068 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Energy Information Administration (EIA) in its Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook (STEWFO) for the 2010-2011 winter heating season projects that American consumers should expect to see heating expenditures rise by 2.5% on average compared to last winter. Average expenditures for those heating with natural g... | [
"Each year, in October, the Energy Information Administration (EIA) publishes the Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook (STEWFO). The purpose of the STEWFO is to provide estimates of expected average annual heating fuel expenditures in comparison to the previous year. While the STEWFO provides estimates of ave... |
train_11069 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The international financial institutions (IFIs) all have procedures to prevent, identify, and punish corruption within their organizations. The World Bank appears to have the most extensive anddetailed process for addressing corruption issues, but the other multilateral development banks(MDBs) have or are establishing ... | [
"Corruption is broadly defined as the abuse of public or private office for personal gain. Thisincludes, but is not limited to, taking bribes, granting a contract or choosing a project in order tomake a profit or to allow someone else to make a profit, or coercing someone else to act in a corruptmanner. Most of the... |
train_11070 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The State of the Union address is a communication between the President and Congress in which the chief executive reports on the current conditions of the United States and provides policy proposals for the upcoming legislative year. Formerly known as the "Annual Message," the State of the Union address originates in t... | [
"The State of the Union address is a communication between the President and Congress in which the chief executive reports on the current conditions of the United States and provides policy proposals for the upcoming legislative year. The State of the Union address originates in the Constitution. As part of the sys... |
train_11071 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Prize competitions are a tool for incentivizing the achievement of scientific and technological innovation by offering monetary and nonmonetary benefits (e.g., recognition) to competition participants. Prize competitions have a long history of use in both the public and private sectors, but have gained popularity in re... | [
"Since at least the 18 th century, governments, industry, philanthropic organizations, and other nongovernmental organizations throughout the world have offered prizes as a way to reward accomplishments in science and technology (S&T). Napoleon's government offered a 12,000 franc prize (worth more than four years o... |
train_11072 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The military Survivor Benefit Plan (SBP) was created in 1972. Since its creation, it has been subjected to many legislative changes. This report describes the basic provisions of the military Survivor Benefit Plan and all relevant changes or modifications that have occurred. Specifically, the military Survivor Benefit ... | [
"This report outlines the purpose and legislative background of providing benefits to the surviving dependents of a deceased member/retiree of the uniformed services. In certain cases, individuals other than dependents can be designated recipients of survivor benefits. This report describes the categories of benefi... |
train_11073 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Recent events have focused attention on the threat that terrorists with shoulder firedsurface-to-air missiles (SAMs), referred to as Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS), pose to commercial airliners. Most believe that no single solution exists to effectively mitigate thisthreat. Instead, a menu of options may be... | [
"Shoulder-fired surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), also known as MANPADS (man-portable airdefense systems), developed in the late 1950s to provide military ground forces protection fromenemy aircraft, are receiving a great deal of attention as potential terrorist weapons that might beused against commercial airliners.... |
train_11074 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The effort to dispose of surplus military equipment dates back to the end of World War II when the federal government sought to reduce a massive inventory of surplus military equipment by making such equipment available to civilians. (The disposal of surplus real property, including land, buildings, commercial faciliti... | [
"On September 12, 1972, the Defense Property Disposal Service (the forerunner to DLA Disposition Services) was established under the Defense Supply Agency (now DLA). Defense property disposal offices were established worldwide on or near major military installations. DLA Disposition Services is responsible for prop... |
train_11075 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The nation's air, land, and marine transportation systems are designed for accessibility and efficiency, two characteristics that make them highly vulnerable to terrorist attack. While hardening the transportation sector from terrorist attack is difficult, measures can be taken to deter terrorists. The dilemma facing C... | [
"The nation's air, land, and marine transportation systems are designed for accessibility and efficiency, two characteristics that make them vulnerable to attack. The difficulty and cost of protecting the transportation sector from attack raises a core question for policymakers: how much effort and resources to put... |
train_11076 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The legislative branch operated on continuing resolutions from October 1, 2010 (P.L. 111-242, P.L. 111-290, P.L. 111-317, P.L. 111-322, P.L. 112-4, and P.L. 112-6) until the enactment of P.L. 112-10 on April 11, 2011. P.L. 112-10 provides $4.54 billion for legislative branch activities. The legislative branch appropria... | [
"The Department of Defense and Full-Year Continuing Appropriations Act, 2011 ( P.L. 112-10 ) provides $4.54 billion for legislative branch activities for FY2011. This act continues funding and language contained in the FY2010 Legislative Branch Appropriations Act ( P.L. 111-68 ), unless otherwise specified, and inc... |
train_11077 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | After more than a year of negotiations, U.S. and Australian trade officials concluded a bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) on February 8, 2004. The negotiations proved unexpectedly difficult. President Bush and Australian Prime Minister Howard had committed to completing the negotiationsby the end of 2003, but differ... | [
"The USAFTA is one among a number of bilateral and regional free trade agreements the BushAdministration has negotiated In the last few years, it has negotiated and entered into free tradeagreements with Jordan, Singapore, and Chile. Along with the USAFTA, the Bush Administrationcompleted negotiations and has signe... |
train_11078 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | U.S. lumber producers have long raised concerns about softwood imports from Canada. They argue that Canada subsidizes its lumber producers with low provincial stumpage fees (for the right to harvest trees). In Canada, the provinces own 90% of the timberlands, which contrasts with the United States, where 42% of timberl... | [
"On April 27, 2006, the United States and Canada announced a seven-year framework agreement to resolve their longstanding dispute over U.S. imports of Canadian softwood lumber. The United States-Canada Softwood Lumber Agreement (2006 SLA), which entered into force with amendments on October 12, 2006, establishes Ca... |
train_11079 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | At the end of 2010, the lower income tax rates provided in 2001 were to expire. The President had proposed to extend most tax cuts, but to continue higher rates for couples with income over $250,000 and singles with income over $200,000. The most important element of this proposal, as measured by revenue effect, is all... | [
"At the end of 2010, the lower income tax rates provided in the 2001 tax cuts were to expire. President Obama had proposed to extend most of the income tax cuts, but to continue some higher tax rates for couples with income over $250,000 and singles with income over $200,000. The most important element of this prop... |
train_11080 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In aiming to fight terrorism with trade, the United States negotiated and the President signed on January 19, 2006, the U.S.'s fifth bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) in the proposed 20-entity Middle-East-Free Trade Area (MEFTA). This FTA is with Oman. Other U.S.-FTAs are with Israel, Jordan, Morocco, and Bahrain. A... | [
"AU.S. free trade agreement (FTA) with Oman was concluded on October 13, 2005, after seven months of negotiation, and was signed by U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) Bob Portman and Omani Minister of Commerce and Industry Maqbool bin Ali Sultan on January 19, 2006. The U.S.-Oman (FTA) is the fifth U.S. bilateral fre... |
train_11081 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress is considering different approaches to reforming the housing finance system. One of the major policy issues to emerge concerns the role of the federal government in supporting affordable housing for low- and moderate-income households. Much of this debate centers on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, two government-s... | [
"As Congress considers different approaches to reform the housing finance system, one of the major policy issues to emerge concerns the role of the federal government in supporting affordable housing for low- and moderate-income households. Much of this debate centers on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, two government-s... |
train_11082 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Seclusion and restraint have been used in various situations to deal with violent or noncompliant behavior. Because of congressional interest in the use of seclusion and restraint in schools, including passage of H.R. 4247 and the introduction of S. 2860, 111th Congress, first session, this report focuses on the legal ... | [
"Seclusion and restraint have been used in various situations to deal with violent or noncompliant behavior. One of the most common settings for their use has been psychiatric hospitals, but seclusion and restraint have also been used in other residential facilities and in schools. Because of congressional interest... |
train_11083 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, P.L. 111-203, has as its main purpose financial regulatory reform. Titles III and VI effectuate changes in the regulatory structure governing depository institutions and their holding companies and, thus, constitute a substantial component of the re... | [
"Titles III and VI of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, P.L. 111-203 , address certain issues that many Members of Congress, including the major drafters of the legislation, the House Committee on Financial Services and the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs... |
train_11084 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of the Treasury is developing a more formalized approach for approving Fannie Mae's and Freddie Mac's debt issuances. Although the Department of the Treasury has traditionally used its approval authority merely to coordinate the timing of debt issuances, the department may seek to regulate the amount of ... | [
"In the wake of accounting scandals involving the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and its sister organization the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and, more recently, with various housing problems beginning with the subprime mortgage crisis, Congress has launched efforts conce... |
train_11085 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Labor force activity for youth ages 16 to 24 has been in decline since the late 1990s. This trend has been consistent even during the summer months, when youth are most likely to be engaged in work. Labor force data from the month of July highlight changes in summer employment over time. For example, the employment rat... | [
"Over the past several years youth have experienced a dramatic decline in employment. This includes during the summer months, when youth labor force activity tends to be higher than other times of the year. One potential policy option for addressing youth employment is providing support for summer job programs, whi... |
train_11086 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Instituting policies to manage or reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions would likely impact different states differently. Understanding these differences may provide for a more informed debate regarding potential policy approaches. However, multiple factors play a role in determining impacts, including alternative desi... | [
"There is a broad agreement in the scientific community that the earth's climate is changing and that the primary cause over the past few decades is an increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. Most climate scientists have concluded that human activities—e.g., fossil fuel combustion, la... |
train_11087 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses selected legal issues relating to the authority for summary removal of individuals in senior executive positions at the Department of Veterans Affairs. Section 707 of the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act, P.L. 113-146, enacted on August 7, 2014, created this authority by adding Sect... | [
"Section 707 of the Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act of 2014, P.L. 113-146 , enacted on August 7, 2014, creates new authority for removing an individual in a senior executive position in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Section 707(a) of P.L. 113-146 adds a new Section 713 to Title 38 of U.S. Code... |
train_11088 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the role of foreign assistance as a tool of foreign policy has come into sharper focus. The President elevated global development as a third pillar of national security, with defense and diplomacy, as articulated in the U.S. National Security Strategy of 2002, and reit... | [
"Congress and the Administration have increased their interest in foreign assistance programs in the post-9/11 environment, prompting a re-examination of the purposes of assistance, and how best to achieve those objectives. The renewed interest occurs as the Administration has initiated many new programs that intro... |
train_11089 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), except for the Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and—in even-numbered fiscal years—the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). Agriculture appropriations include both mandatory and discretionary ... | [
"The Agriculture appropriations bill—formally known as the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act—provides funding for: All of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) except the Forest Service, which is funded in the Interior appropriations bill, The ... |
train_11090 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On November 19, 2015, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved AquaBounty Technologies' application to produce AquAdvantage Salmon, a genetically engineered (GE) Atlantic salmon, for human consumption. This is the first GE animal that has been approved for human consumption in the United States. FDA also has pro... | [
"On November 19, 2015, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved AquaBounty Technologies' application to produce AquAdvantage Salmon, a genetically engineered (GE) Atlantic salmon, for human consumption. This is the first GE animal that has been approved for human consumption in the United States. FDA also ha... |
train_11091 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Radioactive waste is a byproduct of nuclear weapons production, commercial nuclear power generation, and the naval reactor program. Waste byproducts also result from radioisotopes used for scientific, medical, and industrial purposes. The legislative definitions adopted for radioactive wastes, for the most part, refer ... | [
"Radioactive waste is a byproduct of nuclear weapons production, commercial nuclear power generation, and the naval reactor program. Waste byproducts also result from radioisotopes used for scientific, medical, and industrial purposes. Waste classification policies have tended to link the processes that generate th... |
train_11092 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Both federal courts and Congress have recently addressed the issue of whether cash balance pension plans violate federal laws that prohibit age discrimination. The relevant age discrimination provisions are found in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), and the Age Discri... | [
"This report examines the issue of whether a type of defined benefit pension plan, the cash balance plan, violates federal laws that prohibit age discrimination. The discrimination provisions are found in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), and the Age Discriminatio... |
train_11093 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional offices are frequently contacted by constituents who are researching how to pay for postsecondary education. This report identifies various online sources targeted to students and parents that provide information on planning and acquiring funds for postsecondary education. Some resources also contain info... | [
"T his report identifies various online sources for planning and acquiring funds for postsecondary education. Some resources also contain information on repaying, forgiving, or discharging educational debt. Students are often in the best position to determine which aid programs they may qualify for and which best m... |
train_11094 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Crime data collected through the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) are used by Congress to inform policy decisions and allocate federal criminal justice funding to states. As such, it is important to understand how each ... | [
"Congress uses data from the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS), and the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to inform policy decisions and develop appropriate responses to crime. Such crime data have been used to shape policy in a variety of ways. For example, ... |
train_11095 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Beginning in 2007, higher than expected defaults and delinquencies in "subprime" mortgages led to a significant slowdown of the housing market. Most of these mortgages were financed by capital markets through asset- or mortgage-backed securities, rather than by traditional banks. Thus, rather than being confined to the... | [
"In 2007, much higher than expected defaults and delinquencies in the \"subprime\" segment of the mortgage market, led to a significant slowdown of the housing market. Most of these mortgages were financed not by traditional banks, but by global capital markets through asset or mortgage-backed securities. Thus, rat... |
train_11096 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) is authorized by Title II of the Social Security Act and provides income replacement for eligible individuals who are unable to work due to a long-term injury or illness that is expected to last at least one year or result in death. Current eligibility requirements include (1... | [
"Title II of the Social Security Act provides that certain individuals may be entitled to Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits under the federal Old Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program if they meet the following statutory requirements: The individual's medical condition meets th... |
train_11097 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed into law a comprehensive health care reform bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA; P.L. 111-148). PPACA establishes a new regulatory authority within the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by creating a licensure pathway for follow-on biologics, also calle... | [
"On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed into law a comprehensive health care reform bill, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA; P.L. 111-148 ). PPACA establishes a new regulatory authority within the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by creating a licensure pathway for follow-on biologics. This... |
train_11098 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Some officials of the Islamic Republic of Iran have recently renewed threats to close or exercise control over the Strait of Hormuz. Iran's threats appear to have been prompted by the likely imposition of new multilateral sanctions targeting Iran's economic lifeline—the export of oil and other energy products. In the p... | [
"From December 2011 to January 2012, some Iranian government officials openly threatened to close the Strait of Hormuz, a major artery of the global oil market, if sanctions are imposed on Iran's oil exports. Iran's first Vice President Mohammad Reza Rahimi first stated that threat on December 28, 2011. Various Ira... |
train_11099 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Prior to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in commercial insurance policies without additional cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, this ceased to be the case as insurers and reinsurers pulled back from offering terrorism coverage. It was f... | [
"Prior to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in general insurance policies without additional cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, both primary insurers and reinsurers pulled back from offering terrorism coverage. Because insurance is re... |
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