id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_9300 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Research suggests that youth with ASD are less likely than youth with other disabilities to be successful in transitioning to work and postsecondary education and therefore, they may face a lifetime of reliance on public assistance. GAO was asked to examine services provided under IDEA to assist youth with ASD in trans... | [
"According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in 68 children were identified as having ASD in 2012 (about 1.5 percent of 8-year-olds). ASD is a complex developmental disorder with characteristics that can range from mild to more pronounced (see fig. 1). Each autism characteristic may v... |
train_9301 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The nation's drinking water is among the safest in the world, but contamination has occurred, causing illnesses and even deaths. Under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has authorized most states, territories, and tribes to take primary responsibility for ensuring that commun... | [
"This section provides information on the risks posed by unsafe drinking water, the authority EPA gives to states under SDWA, differences among community water systems, EPA and the states’ processes for entering water systems’ data into SDWIS/Fed, EPA’s Enforcement Response Policy and Enforcement Targeting Tool, an... |
train_9302 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) efforts to protect species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), focusing on: (1) the extent to which species listed under ESA have habitat on nonfederal lands; (2) how two ESA provisions have addressed potential conflicts be... | [
"The Congress enacted the ESA in 1973 to protect plant and animal species whose survival is in jeopardy. The Secretary of the Interior, through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, generally is responsible for implementing the ESA for freshwater and land species. Section 9 of the act, its primary species protection ... |
train_9303 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Energy (DOE) proposes under the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) to build facilities to begin recycling the nation's commercial spent nuclear fuel. GNEP's objectives include reducing radioactive waste disposed of in a geologic repository and mitigating the nuclear proliferation risks of existi... | [
"GNEP is part of the administration’s Advanced Energy Initiative for reducing the nation’s reliance on foreign sources of energy and increasing energy supplies in ways that protect the environment. The initiative seeks, among other things, to increase funding for R&D to enable the generation of more electricity fro... |
train_9304 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, resulted in fundamental changes in the way the United States screens airport passengers and their property. One of the most significant changes was the shift from using private screeners to using federal screeners at all but five commercial airports in the United States. The... | [
"ATSA created TSA to ensure security for all modes of transportation, including aviation. ATSA set forth specific enhancements to aviation security for TSA to implement and established deadlines for completing many of them. These enhancements included federalizing passenger screeners at more than 440 commercial air... |
train_9305 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) is responsible for addressing the threat of nuclear smuggling. Radiation detection portal monitors are key elements in our national defenses against such threats. DHS has sponsored testing to develop new monitors, known as advanced spe... | [
"As we discuss in our report, our independent cost estimate suggested the total cost of DNDO’s program to equip U.S. ports of entry with radiation detection equipment will likely be about $3.1 billion, but could range between $2.6 billion and $3.8 billion. We based our estimate on the anticipated costs of DNDO impl... |
train_9306 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | CNCS engages more than five million Americans yearly in national volunteer service by awarding grants to programs such as AmeriCorps and Senior Corps. In fiscal year 2016, CNCS received almost $800 million in appropriations to fund approximately 2,300 grants. The agency is taking steps to modernize its outdated IT infr... | [
"CNCS was created in 1993 with the enactment of the National and Community Service Trust Act of 1993. The agency is led by a Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors who are appointed by the President, and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Chief Executive Officer oversees the agency, which includ... |
train_9307 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The rail network is one of Americas safest modes of transportation, although several recent rail accidents have reinforced the need for constant effort from the private and public sectors to ensure safety for rail passengers, the public, and railroad employees. FRA, the federal agency responsible for railroad safety, ... | [
"According to FRA data, 2012 was the safest year in railroad history. Overall, rail safety—measured by the train accident rate per million train miles—has improved markedly since 1980, as shown in figure 1. In addition, the accident rate dropped by almost 50 percent from 2004 to 2012. Even with the significant redu... |
train_9308 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the closing months of last year, insurers claimed that they could not afford to continue providing coverage for potential terrorism losses. Considerable debate has taken place on what the federal government can do to keep commercial insurance companies involved in providing terrorism insurance, even without the prot... | [
"Since the September 11th attacks, the key dynamic taking place in the insurance industry has been a shifting of the risk for terrorism-related losses from reinsurers to primary insurers and then to the insured. Reinsurers and insurers have begun shedding their exposure to terrorism risk as insurance contracts come... |
train_9309 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has long faced problems managing its grants, which constitute over one-half of the agency's annual budget, or about $4 billion. EPA uses grants to implement its programs to protect human health and the environment and awards grants to thousands of recipients, including state an... | [
"EPA administers and oversees grants primarily through the Office of Grants and Debarment, 10 program offices in headquarters, and program offices and grants management offices in EPA’s 10 regional offices. Figure 1 shows EPA’s key offices involved in grants activities for headquarters and the regions. (See app. II... |
train_9310 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The 2001 Quadrennial Defense Review called for the Navy to provide more warfighting assets more quickly to multiple locations. Subsequently, the Navy made a preliminary decision to homeport a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier at Naval Station Mayport, Florida, which was affirmed by the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review. I... | [
"The U.S. Navy currently maintains 11 nuclear carriers—5 homeported on the West Coast of the United States, 5 on the East Coast of the United States, and 1 in Yokosuka, Japan. Of the West Coast carriers, 3 are homeported in San Diego, California; 1 in Bremerton, Washington; and 1 in Everett, Washington. All 5 East ... |
train_9311 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal agencies spent $136 billion dollars in 2001 acquiring services ranging from clerical support and consulting services to information technology services, such as network support, and management and operations of government facilities, such as national laboratories. To achieve greater cost savings and better outc... | [
"Performance-based contracts clearly spell out the desired end result expected of the contractor. The manner in which the work is to be performed is left up to the contractor. Contractors are given as much freedom as possible in figuring out how best to meet the government’s performance objective. Traditionally, go... |
train_9312 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the future, businesses will demand workers with higher-level skills and more education. Community colleges are key providers of career and technical training as well as traditional academic education. These colleges can also play important roles in the one-stop system created by the Workforce Investment Act (WIA), t... | [
"According to the American Association of Community Colleges, the nation has about 1,200 community colleges—accredited institutions that primarily offer the associate, or 2-year degree, as the highest degree. Community colleges offer a wide array of educational programs that encompass traditional academic coursewor... |
train_9313 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In December 2014, IT acquisition reform legislation was enacted that included a series of provisions related to ongoing federal data center consolidation efforts. The legislation required covered agencies to develop data center consolidation strategic plans and report cost savings to OMB. It also included a provision f... | [
"Continuing to build on progress made under FDCCI, agencies have reported significant data center closures—totaling more than 4,300 through August 2016—and current plans identify more than 1,200 additional centers planned for closure through fiscal year 2019. If executed as planned, such closures will help agencies... |
train_9314 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress established the CTAA program in February 2009 through the Trade and Globalization Adjustment Assistance Act (TGAAA), passed as part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. The CTAA program was designed to supplement other Trade Adjustment Assistance programs by providing assistance through grants to tra... | [
"CTAA is one of three programs under TAA for Communities. EDA administered the CTAA program and currently administers several other grant programs that promote economic growth throughout the United States, helping communities and regions prepare for growth and success in the global economy. The Department of Labor ... |
train_9315 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the Navy's aviation depot maintenance competition program, focusing on: (1) the nature and extent of past competitions; (2) whether savings resulted from the program; (3) the prospects for and impediments to future competitions; and (4) whether the program can be improv... | [
"The Navy historically has accomplished required depot-level maintenance for aircraft by assigning work to Naval Aviation Depots (NADEP) and by contracting out work to private companies. NADEPs mainly repair the airframes, engines, and components associated with key aircraft such as the F-14 Tomcat and the P-3C Ori... |
train_9316 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Defense (DOD) operates 59 elementary and secondary schools serving over a dozen military bases in the continental United States Periodically, questions have been raised concerning the continuing need for such schools. In 2002, DOD commissioned the Donahue Institute of the University of Massachusetts t... | [
"Notwithstanding that public elementary and secondary education historically has been a state and local responsibility, DOD has also operated such schools at selected U.S. and overseas locations to educate military dependents residing on military bases. Collectively, the domestic and overseas programs operate over ... |
train_9317 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | DOD relies on its research and development community to identify, pursue, and develop new technologies that improve and enhance military operations and ensure technological superiority over adversaries. The SBIR program is a key mechanism for DOD to use small businesses to meet its research and development needs; stimu... | [
"Transitioning technologies from defense research organizations and technology development programs, such as the SBIR program, to military users has been a long-standing challenge for DOD. To address technology transition challenges in DOD’s SBIR program, Congress and DOD have established several program provisions... |
train_9318 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This testimony discusses the Small Business Administration's (SBA) Historically Underutilized Business Zone (HUBZone) program. Created in 1997, the HUBZone program provides federal contracting assistance to small businesses located in economically distressed communities, or HUBZone areas, with the intent of stimulating... | [
"The purpose of the HUBZone program, which was established by the HUBZone Act of 1997, is to stimulate economic development, through increased employment and capital investment, by providing federal contracting preferences to small businesses in economically distressed communities or HUBZone areas. The types of are... |
train_9319 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | GAO discussed the impact and implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), focusing on: (1) its review of three major studies of NAFTA's economic impacts and a brief overview of NAFTA's adjustment programs; (2) the implementation of NAFTA's mechanisms to both avoid and resolve disputes among the pa... | [
"NAFTA, which went into effect on January 1, 1994, was intended to facilitate trade and investment throughout North America. It incorporates features such as the elimination of tariff and nontariff barriers. NAFTA also supports the objective of locking in Mexico’s self-initiated, market-oriented reforms. By removin... |
train_9320 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since 2006, USPS has accumulated losses of $25 billion and projects a $14.1 billion net loss for fiscal year 2012. In September 2011, the Postmaster General testified that USPS needed to reduce its annual costs by $20 billion, or 27 percent of its projected expenses. One effort to reduce costs includes restructuring, o... | [
"USPS has a universal service obligation, part of which requires it to provide access to retail services. Several statutory provisions govern USPS when considering changes to its retail network, such as the following. Section 101 of Title 39 of the U.S. Code states, “The Postal Service shall have as its basic funct... |
train_9321 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Agencies across the government are increasingly reliant on contractors to execute their missions. With hundreds of billions of taxpayer dollars at stake, the government needs strong controls to provide reasonable assurance that these contract funds are not being lost to improper payments (fraud and errors), waste, and ... | [
"The contracting cycle consists of activities throughout the acquisition process, including preaward and award, contract administration and management, and ultimately the contract closeout. Generally, prior to contract award, an agency identifies a need; develops a requirements package; determines the method of acq... |
train_9322 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Dissatisfaction with the federal tax system has led to a debate about U.S. tax reform, including proposals for a national consumption tax. One type of proposed consumption tax is a value-added tax (VAT), widely used around the world. A VAT is levied on the difference between a business's sales and its purchases of good... | [
"Under a VAT, businesses pay tax on the value they add to the goods and services they purchase from other businesses. VAT liability is typically calculated in industrialized countries using what is known as the credit- invoice method. Under this method, businesses apply the VAT rate to their sales but claim a credi... |
train_9323 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO discussed the financial and budget trends in the District of Columbia's revenues and expenses. GAO noted that: (1) the District's revenues decreased from $2.9 billion in fiscal year (FY) 1993 to $2.7 billion in FY 1995, due to a one-time accounting change and a decrease in the a... | [
"The District of Columbia Self-Government and Governmental Reorganization Act (Home Rule Act), Public Law 93-198, approved on December 23, 1973, initiated the process by which limited autonomy was conferred on District residents, with the approval of the Home Rule charter by referendum election on May 7, 1974. In a... |
train_9324 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | At the federal level the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is seeking to better protect human subjects in biomedical research by enhancing the visibility of its human subjects protection activities, improving its monitoring of compliance with relevant regulations by institutions and investigators, and stren... | [
"A significant proportion of biomedical research is conducted through clinical trials, which involve testing new drugs, devices, or treatments with human subjects. Many of these trials are spread across hundreds of sites, sometimes at sites outside of the United States, and are performed not only in academic medica... |
train_9325 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | A dramatic increase in freight moving on the nation's highways and rail lines, coupled with growing congestion and infrastructure limitations, has prompted DOT to explore new mobility-enhancing options like short sea shipping (SSS)--transporting freight by water between domestic ports, either along the coast or on inla... | [
"Transporting freight by water has been part of the freight network for many years in the United States, but most operations have traditionally been used for the movement of bulk commodities, such as coal, petroleum, grain, and lumber. Waterborne modes, sometimes referred to as short sea shipping (SSS) operations, ... |
train_9326 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Medicaid remains a high-risk program, partly due to concerns about improper payments. CMS oversees and supports states, in part, by reviewing their program integrity activities, hiring contractors to audit providers, and providing training. In recent years, CMS made changes to its Medicaid program integrity efforts, in... | [
"Medicaid is a significant and growing component of federal and state budgets. It is the second largest health insurance program after Medicare as measured by expenditures, and was estimated to account for the second largest share of total state spending as well, exceeded only by state spending on elementary and se... |
train_9327 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | One in four bridges in the United States is either structurally deficient and in need of repair, or functionally obsolete and is not adequate for today's traffic. The Highway Bridge Program (HBP), the primary source of federal funding for bridges, provided about $7 billion to states in fiscal year 2010. This testimony ... | [
"Bridges vary significantly in their size and use, including daily traffic volumes. In 2009, there were 602,977 bridges in the United States, which carried the nation’s passenger car, truck, bus transit, and commercial vehicle traffic over waterways, highways, railways, and other road obstructions. The number of br... |
train_9328 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Staffing companies that contract with physicians to staff hospital departments--including emergency departments--are not permitted to bill Medicare. In the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000, Congress directed GAO to assess the program integrity implications of enrolling these... | [
"Beneficiaries are generally the only parties under Medicare statute who are entitled to receive Medicare payments for physician services. However, they can “assign” their rights to payment to physicians, other providers, and suppliers who directly deliver the care or service and then submit claims to Medicare. The... |
train_9329 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Research, development, and technology (RD&T) activities are vital to meeting the Department of Transportation's (DOT) priorities, such as increasing safety, enhancing mobility, and supporting the nation's economic growth. In fiscal year 2008, the department's RD&T budget totaled over $1.1 billion, primarily for highway... | [
"Coordinating and evaluating research are important elements in ensuring federal dollars are used efficiently and effectively. RITA is responsible for coordinating and reviewing the DOT operating administrations’ RD&T activities so that (1) no unnecessary duplication takes place and (2) the activities have been eva... |
train_9330 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The IL "track"--one of five tracks within VA's VR&E program--provides a range of benefits to help veterans with service-connected disabilities live independently when employment is not considered feasible at the time they enter the VR&E program. These benefits can include counseling, assistive devices, and other servic... | [
"veterans with existing skills who are looking for immediate employment. Self-Employment: For veterans who have the skills to start a business, and for whom self-employment is the best or only option for successful rehabilitation. fiscal year 2011 and is currently 2,700. VR&E anticipates an increase in future deman... |
train_9331 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Defense (DOD), which includes the military services, selects mid- to upper-career-level military officers to participate in fellowship and training-with-industry programs conducted at non-DOD organizations such as universities, think tanks, private corporations, federal agencies, and Congress. For som... | [
"DOD’s fellowship and training-with-industry programs comprise a few of the several vehicles DOD uses to provide training and education to its military officers to develop and advance their careers while in the military. Officers have educational opportunities throughout their careers, both within and outside of th... |
train_9332 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 1906, the Alaska Native Allotment Act authorized the Secretary of the Interior to allot individual Alaska Natives (Native) a homestead of up to 160 acres. The validity of some of Copper Valley Electric Association's (Copper Valley) rights-of-way within Alaska Native allotments is the subject of ongoing dispute; in s... | [
"In 1906, Congress passed the Alaska Native Allotment Act, which authorized the Secretary of the Interior to allot individual Alaska Natives a homestead of up to 160 acres of land. Under Interior’s regulations, the 160 acres may be in separate parcels that need not be contiguous, but each separate tract should be i... |
train_9333 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) uses the Air Transportation Oversight System (ATOS), which was developed around the principles of system safety, to oversee seven "legacy airlines" and nine other airlines. In this report, we refer to airlines that are not in ATOS as non-legacy airlines. Two other processes are... | [
"Non-legacy airlines represent a fast-growing segment of the passenger airline industry. From 2002 through 2004, the annual enplanements for these airlines grew from 122 million to about 200 million passengers, or from about 20 percent to 28 percent of all passenger air travel. During this same period, the percenta... |
train_9334 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Based on limited previous GAO work that identified examples of purchases of new items at the same time identical items in excellent or good condition were excessed, GAO was asked to assess the overall economy and efficiency of the Department of Defense (DOD) program for excess property reutilization (reuse). Specifical... | [
"DLA is DOD’s combat support agency under the supervision, direction, authority, and control of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics. DLA’s mission is to provide best-value logistics support to America’s armed forces, in peace and in war, around the clock, and around the world. ... |
train_9335 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Concerns over national security, environmental stresses, and high fuel prices have raised interest in reducing oil consumption. Through the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) requires cars and light trucks to meet certain fuel economy standards. As ... | [
"Congress enacted the 1975 Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) during the aftermath of the energy crisis created by the Arab oil embargo of 1973 and 1974 to reduce oil consumption by the transportation sector in the United States. EPCA established the CAFE program, which requires that manufacturers meet fuel ... |
train_9336 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | To help the elderly and disabled with prescription drug costs, the Congress passed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), which created a voluntary outpatient prescription drug benefit (Medicare Part D). A key element of the prescription drug benefit is the low-income subsidy, ... | [
"All Medicare beneficiaries entitled to benefits under Medicare Part A or enrolled in Part B are eligible to enroll in Medicare Part D. Medicare beneficiaries who qualify for full coverage under their state’s Medicaid program, as well as Medicare beneficiaries who qualify for more limited Medicaid coverage, Supplem... |
train_9337 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | DOD uses DOD or commercial carrier shipping containers to transport supplies worldwide. Container management has been a long-standing challenge. DOD has paid detention fees of about $823 million from 2003 through 2012 for retaining containers longer than allowed, primarily due to operations within CENTCOM, including Af... | [
"Shipping containers are reusable intermodal enclosures or flat, open platforms that meet International Organization for Standardization (ISO) container standards and are intended to be loaded with cargo and shipped on or in a transportation conveyance. The containers DOD uses are typically 20 to 40 feet long and 8... |
train_9338 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) mission includes evaluating and regulating toxic chemicals. EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program is a chemical evaluation program that is a critical component of EPA's capacity to support scientifically sound environmental regulations and policies. The IRIS... | [
"IRIS was created in 1985 to help EPA develop consensus opinions within the agency about the health effects of chronic exposure to chemicals. Its importance has increased over time as EPA program offices and the states have increasingly relied on IRIS information in making environmental protection decisions. Curren... |
train_9339 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provided $9 billion in education benefits to service-members and veterans in fiscal year 2010, mostly through the new Post-9/11 GI Bill. In providing education benefits, VA relies on State Approving Agencies (SAA) to approve schools; and on schools to report students' enroll... | [
"On June 30, 2008, the Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008, which established the new Post-9/11 GI Bill program, was signed by the President. The Post-9/11 GI Bill program adopted a new way for VA to deliver education benefits. Whereas VA’s other education benefit programs provide a single, standa... |
train_9340 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed: (1) the Department of Defense's (DOD) policy and implementation plans for allocating depot-repair workloads for new and upgraded weapon systems between the public and private sectors; and (2) the process it uses to make source-of-repair decisions. GAO noted that: (1) o... | [
"This is one in a series of reports (see related GAO products at the end of this report) addressing DOD’s depot maintenance policies, outsourcing plans, depot closures, and the allocation of work between the public and private sectors. This report analyzes the process DOD is using to determine depot maintenance rep... |
train_9341 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | GAO is required by law to annually audit the consolidated financial statements of the U.S. government. Proper accounting and reporting practices are essential in the public sector. The U.S. government is the largest, most complex, and most diverse entity on earth today. Its services--homeland security, national defense... | [
"First, I would like to spend a few minutes discussing our nation’s worsening financial condition and long-range fiscal outlook. Last week, I spoke on this issue at the National Press Club as part of the Outlook 2005 Conference, which was attended by government, corporate, and nonprofit executives from around the c... |
train_9342 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | GAO discussed its work on the Department of Defense's (DOD) latest reform initiatives, focusing on: (1) risks associated with reducing budgets before savings are achieved; (2) challenges associated with implementing DOD's various business process reengineering initiatives; (3) opportunities to capitalize on consolidati... | [
"DOD’s latest efforts to reform operations and processes were spelled out in the Secretary’s DRI report, which was released on November 10, 1997. The report was the result of recommendations made in the Report of the Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR) The QDR report noted that while DOD had reduced active duty person... |
train_9343 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Postal Service is on the cusp of a major transformation to improve its fiscal outlook. One part of this transformation involves procurement. The Postal Service is homing in on supply chain management, a process that has helped successful private-sector companies leverage their buying power and identify more efficie... | [
"The Postal Service, an independent establishment of the executive branch of the U.S. government, is a $68-billion organization consisting of more than 37,000 post offices and 350 major mail-processing and distribution facilities. We recently reported that the Postal Service’s current business model is outdated and... |
train_9344 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Census Bureau (Bureau) estimates that it will spend at least $2 billion to enumerate households that did not return census forms during the 2010 Census. Increasing the response rate would reduce the number of households that Bureau field staff must visit. To address concerns about reducing the cost of enumerat... | [
"In 1970, the Bureau moved away from conducting the census door-to-door and began mailing census questionnaires to households to be filled out and returned by mail. Since the 1970 Census, the Bureau has used mail as the primary method for collecting census data. For Census 2000, the mailout/mailback method was used... |
train_9345 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Computerized control systems perform vital functions across many of our nation's critical infrastructures. For example, in natural gas distribution, they can monitor and control the pressure and flow of gas through pipelines. In October 1997, the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection emphasized t... | [
"Dramatic increases in computer interconnectivity, especially in the use of the Internet, continue to revolutionize the way our government, our nation, and much of the world communicate and conduct business. The benefits have been enormous. Vast amounts of information are now literally at our fingertips, facilitati... |
train_9346 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Corps spends billions of dollars annually on projects in its Civil Works program. Part of the cost of doing business with the Corps involves paying for overhead--costs that do not directly relate to a specific project or activity but more generally support agency operations. Overhead costs are included in the amoun... | [
"The Corps is one of the world’s largest public engineering, design, and construction management agencies. The Civil Works program employs about 23,000 full-time equivalents, with staff in headquarters; 8 divisions, which were established generally according to watershed boundaries and are headed by a division comm... |
train_9347 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Because meatpacking is one of the most dangerous industries in the United States, we were asked to provide the Congress with information on the characteristics of workers in the meat and poultry industry and the conditions in which they work, the types of injuries and illnesses these workers incur, how injury and illne... | [
"According to USDA, there were about 5,700 total meat and poultry plants in the United States as of September 2004. Most of these—about 4,400— had fewer than 40 employees, and about half of them are even smaller, with fewer than 10 employees. Figure 1 shows the location of all meat and poultry plants, regardless of... |
train_9348 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The National Personnel Records Center (NPRC) is responsible for maintaining the official military personnel records of discharged members of the military services. Veterans frequently need their records for a variety of reasons, such as obtaining disability compensation, health benefits, GI bill education benefits, hom... | [
"NPRC maintains the personnel and medical records of nearly all former members of the U.S. military service departments who served during the twentieth century and responds to requests for these records. The records maintained by NARA are the property of the Department of Defense (DoD), which reimburses NARA for st... |
train_9349 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a legislative requirement, GAO provided information on: (1) the level of Department of Veterans Affairs' (VA) accountability and control over its Housing Credit Assistance (HCA) program direct loan and loan sale activities: and (2) actions needed to improve VA's internal control environment and financial an... | [
"VA reported in its fiscal year 1997 Accountability Report that the HCA program, managed by the Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) under the direction of the Under Secretary for Benefits, had over $69 billion in guarantees outstanding on mortgages with a face value of $198 billion. The primary objectives of the... |
train_9350 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | NOAA, with the aid of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), is procuring the next generation of geostationary weather satellites. The GOES-R series is to replace the current series of satellites (called GOES-13, -14, and -15), which will likely begin to reach the end of their useful lives in 2015. T... | [
"Since the 1970s, geostationary satellites have been used by the United States to provide meteorological data for weather observation, research, and forecasting. NOAA’s National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service is responsible for managing the civilian operational geostationary satellite system... |
train_9351 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | After the attacks of September 11th, 2001, concerns intensified over the vulnerability of U.S. ports to acts of terrorism. One particular concern involves the possibility that terrorists would attempt to smuggle illegal fissile material or a tactical nuclear weapon into the country through a cargo container shipped fro... | [
"Seaports are critical gateways for the movement of international commerce. More than 95 percent of our non–North American foreign trade arrives by ship. In 2001, approximately 5,400 ships carrying multinational crews and cargoes from around the globe made more than 60,000 U.S. port calls. More than 6 million conta... |
train_9352 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Medicare prescription drug program, known as Medicare Part D, provides a voluntary outpatient prescription drug benefit for Medicare beneficiaries. Beneficiaries may choose Part D plans from among multiple plans offered by private companies--plan sponsors--that contract with CMS. Plans may differ in their premiums ... | [
"Medicare Part D was established by the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003.beneficiaries have been able to obtain prescription drug coverage through prescription drug plans offered by Part D plan sponsors that contract with CMS. Plan sponsors offer prescription drug coverage thro... |
train_9353 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | While aviation accidents in the United States are relatively infrequent, recent incidents have heightened concerns about safety on airport runways and ramps. As the nation's aviation system becomes more crowded every day, increased congestion at airports may exacerbate ground safety concerns. To safely handle the antic... | [
"Demand for air travel has increased in recent years, with over 740 million passengers flying in the United States in fiscal year 2006, and is expected to climb to an estimated 1 billion passengers per year by 2015. To meet this demand, the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO), housed within FAA and created... |
train_9354 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Information technology (IT) plays a critical role in the Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) ability to carry out its home ownership and community development mission, which was recently expanded under the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008. Pursuant to a congressional mandate to study HUD's IT e... | [
"HUD’s mission is to increase home ownership, support community development, and increase access to affordable housing free from discrimination. To these ends, it has established six strategic goals: (1) increasing home ownership opportunities; (2) promoting decent affordable housing; (3) strengthening communities;... |
train_9355 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | GAO discussed: (1) the Postal Service's overall performance during fiscal year (FY) 1997, including the Service's reported successes and remaining challenges; (2) work that GAO has completed since the spring of 1997; and (3) information on ongoing work, which relates primarily to the issues of competition and diversity... | [
"Mr. Chairman and Members of the Subcommittee: We are pleased to be here today to participate in the Subcommittee’s oversight hearing on the U.S. Postal Service. In my testimony, I shall briefly discuss the Service’s overall performance during fiscal year 1997, including the Service’s reported successes and remaini... |
train_9356 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Livestock production contributed nearly $123 billion to the U.S. economy in 2006. In response to concerns about animal disease outbreaks, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced in December 2003 that it would implement a nationwide program--later named the National Animal Identification System (NAIS)--to he... | [
"The concept of animal ID is not new, in the United States or abroad. For decades, American producers have kept records on, and used ID methods for, livestock animals for both commercial and regulatory purposes. Specifically, several USDA and state animal disease eradication programs—such as programs for tuberculos... |
train_9357 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the services' practices for relocating personnel, focusing on whether: (1) opportunities exist to reduce the costs of permanent change-of-station (PCS) moves; (2) the number of moves and related costs have decreased in proportion to the reductions in military end stregn... | [
"According to federal laws and Department of Defense (DOD) policy, servicemembers are entitled to permanent change-of-station (PCS) benefits—paid moving expenses—when assigned to a location for longer than 20 weeks. These moving expenses are paid from each service’s military personnel appropriation. For fiscal year... |
train_9358 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Personnel security clearances are used to verify that national security information--which in some cases could cause exceptionally grave damage to national security if disclosed--is entrusted only to those who have proven reliability and loyalty to the nation. In response to long-standing problems with timeliness and b... | [
"Since 1997, federal agencies have followed a common set of personnel security investigative standards and adjudicative guidelines for determining whether servicemembers, federal workers, private industry personnel, and others are eligible to receive security clearances. Security clearances are required for access ... |
train_9359 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | NFIP, which is administered by FEMA, has faced significant financial and management challenges over the years. The Biggert-Waters Act, enacted in July 2012, instituted provisions to help strengthen NFIP's future financial solvency and administrative efficiency. For example, it required FEMA to phase out almost all disc... | [
"In 1968, Congress created NFIP, which makes federally backed flood insurance available to property owners in qualifying communities. NFIP was established as an alternative to providing direct disaster relief after floods and was intended to reduce the federal government’s escalating costs for repairing flood damag... |
train_9360 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the startup challenges the International Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia faced and the Tribunal's capacity to carry out its mandate. GAO noted that: (1) the Tribunal met its early organizational challenges and has established the organizational structure and legal pr... | [
"The series of wars that occurred in connection with the breakup of the former Yugoslavia (see fig. 1) devastated many areas within the region and was marked by extreme violations of international humanitarian law, including forced population movements; forcible surrenders of property; military targeting of civilia... |
train_9361 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | GAO surveyed Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) field directors in four of HUD's major program areas to obtain the directors' perspectives on the corrective actions HUD has undertaken over the past 2 years. GAO found that its survey showed: (1) most field directors considered HUD's field office reorganiz... | [
"We initially designated HUD’s organizational structure a management deficiency in 1994 because the overlapping roles of field offices and headquarters reduced the organization’s effectiveness and prevented management from being accountable for HUD’s programs. At the time of our 1995 report, HUD was reorganizing it... |
train_9362 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Some U.S. companies allege that unfair subsidies are a factor in China's success in U.S. markets. U.S. producers injured by subsidized imports may normally seek countervailing duties (CVD), but the United States does not apply CVDs against countries, including China, that the Department of Commerce classifies as "non-m... | [
"As explained below, WTO rules provide disciplines on subsidies and countervailing measures used by China, the United States, and other WTO members. China accepted additional commitments in this area when it joined the WTO in 2001. U.S. procedures for countervailing duty actions reflect WTO rules. Such CVD actions ... |
train_9363 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | More than 30 companies have received approval from DOE for large-scale exports of U.S. LNG—natural gas cooled for transportation—beginning in 2015 or 2016 via specialized LNG carriers. Congress is considering whether to propose legislative language that would require U.S. LNG be exported via U.S.-built-and-flagged carr... | [
"Natural gas is a fuel that can be used in many contexts, similar to gasoline, heating oil, and other crude-oil derivatives and is considered more environmentally friendly than oil derivatives. In its gaseous form, natural gas is transported by pipeline. LNG is natural gas cooled to -260 degrees Fahrenheit, at whic... |
train_9364 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The July 2005 bombing attacks on London's subway system dramatically revealed the vulnerability of passenger rail systems worldwide to terrorist attacks and demonstrated the need for an increased focus on security for these systems. This testimony, which is based primarily on GAO's September 2005 report on passenger ra... | [
"Each weekday, 11.3 million passengers in 35 metropolitan areas and 22 states use some form of rail transit—that is, heavy, commuter, and light rail. Heavy rail systems—subway systems like New York City’s transit system and Washington, D.C.’s Metro—typically operate on fixed rail lines within a metropolitan area an... |
train_9365 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal direct loans and loan guarantees outstanding have doubled from $1.5 trillion as of September 30, 2008, to $3.0 trillion as of September 30, 2015, as reported in the financial reports of the U.S. government. In light of the growing portfolio of outstanding direct loans and loan guarantees, questions have been ra... | [
"Federal credit programs provide assistance to borrowers through two principal methods: direct loans and loan guarantees. Direct loans are a disbursement of funds by the government to a nonfederal borrower under a contract that requires the repayment of such funds with or without interest. Loan guarantees are any g... |
train_9366 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the impact of drug trafficking on the corruption of police in large cities that have a high incidence of drug trafficking and drug abuse, focusing on the: (1) nature and extent of known drug-related police corruption in certain large cities; (2) factors associated with ... | [
"Police corruption, according to the academic and other literature and anticorruption commission reports we reviewed, is not a new problem and dates back to the establishment of the first organized local police forces. According to a report by the Knapp Commission, when the NYPD was established in 1844 as the first... |
train_9367 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed: (1) the reasons for the $133 million in cost overruns incurred at the new Chicago Main Post Office; (2) the list of procedures the United States Postal Service (USPS) has established to prevent a recurrence of cost overruns experienced with the new Chicago Main Post Of... | [
"Chicago’s new Main Post Office, located at 433 W. Harrison Street, opened in May 1996. The Main Post Office contains a two-floor mail processing facility, seven floors of office space, and a retail sales operation. It replaced the old Main Post Office, which was located across the street from the new facility. The... |
train_9368 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act created FSOC to identify and address threats to financial stability and OFR to support FSOC and Congress by providing financial research and data. This testimony primarily discusses findings from a September 2012 GAO report and addresses four topics... | [
"FSOC consists of 10 voting members and 5 nonvoting members (fig. 1). The 10 voting members include 9 federal regulators and an independent insurance expert. The 5 nonvoting members include state-level representatives from bank, securities, and insurance regulators and directors of OFR and the Federal Insurance Off... |
train_9369 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed proposed staffing cuts at the National Weather Service (NWS), focusing on the NWS analysis: (1) supporting the planned closure of its southern regional headquarters office; and (2) of alternative plans for maintaining its current regional structure of four mainland offi... | [
"NWS’ primary mission is to help protect life and property by providing weather and flood warnings, public forecasts, and advisories for all of the United States, its territories, adjacent waters, and ocean areas. NWS operations also support other agencies’ missions and the nation’s commercial interests. For exampl... |
train_9370 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In fiscal year 2014, NIH spent nearly $3.2 billion on clinical trials as part of its research activities. NIH's OD oversees the operations of 27 ICs to ensure that NIH's research portfolio is balanced, not unnecessarily duplicative, and utilizes cross-cutting research. In 2010, IOM made recommendations for clinical tri... | [
"NIH comprises 27 ICs and an OD and is headed by a presidentially appointed and Senate-confirmed director. NIH funds clinical trials through 24 of its 27 ICs. Each IC has its own mission and generally focuses on specific diseases, systems, organs, or stages in life (e.g., childhood). In addition, ICs each have thei... |
train_9371 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | AWPS is an information system that produces management reports intended to link the Army's industrial workload demands to workforce requirements. The Army has spent over $90 million on the system through fiscal year 2013 and plans to spend approximately $35.6 million over the next 5 years. AWPS relies on data from LMP,... | [
"The Army began developing AWPS in 1996 at the direction of the House National Security Committee (now known as the House Armed Services Committee), and started fielding the system to its maintenance depots that year. AWPS was not intended to directly replace any single existing system; rather it was aimed at resol... |
train_9372 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | DOD purchases bulk fuel and sells it to customers, including the military services. Each fiscal year, DOD sets a standard price for budgeting purposes, endeavoring to closely approximate the price it will pay when it buys the fuel almost a year later. If this price is different than the standard price, DOD may need to ... | [
"In each fiscal year, DOD establishes a standard price per barrel to be charged to its fuel customers. The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller), in coordination with the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), estimates and sets a standard price for its fuel and other fuel- related commodities that endeav... |
train_9373 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Wildland fires play an important ecological role on the landscape, but they cost billions each year, result in loss of life, and cause damage to homes and other structures. The Forest Service and Interior are responsible for wildland fire management on federal lands, including acquiring firefighting assets such as larg... | [
"In our September 2015 report, we found that the agencies assess the effectiveness of their wildland fire management programs in several ways, including through performance measures, efforts to assess specific activities, and reviews of specific wildland fire incidents. We found that both the Forest Service and Int... |
train_9374 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Air Force's cost estimate for modernizing the F-22 aircraft's capabilities and making improvements that address the aircraft's reliability and structural problems is $11.3 billion, as of January 2014. In February 2013, the Air Force awarded a multibillion dollar contract for F-22 modernization efforts from 2013 thr... | [
"The F-22 Raptor is the first operational tactical aircraft fielded by the Air Force that incorporates a low observable (stealth) and highly maneuverable airframe, advanced integrated avionics, and an engine capable of sustained supersonic flight. The F-22 acquisition program began in 1991 with an intended developm... |
train_9375 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Workers who "blow the whistle" on prohibited practices play a role in enforcing federal laws, but these workers risk reprisals from their employers. The Whistleblower Protection Program at the Department of Labor's (Labor) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is responsible for investigating whistleblow... | [
"OSHA was established after the passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970. In the broadest sense, OSHA was mandated to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for working men and women. Section 11(c) of that act prohibits anyone from discharging or discriminating against any private sector employ... |
train_9376 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | To help address challenges associated with deteriorating facilities and underused property, the Department of Defense (DOD) has pursued a strategy that includes leasing underused real property to gain additional resources for improving installation facilities. Section 2667 of Title 10, U.S. Code, provides authority to ... | [
"Section 2667 of Title 10 provides authority to secretaries of the military departments to lease nonexcess real property under the control of the respective departments, subject to several provisions. For example, such leases must be considered by the respective secretary to be advantageous to the United States and... |
train_9377 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the Army's program for solving its year 2000 computer system problem, focusing on the: (1) status of the Army's efforts to identify and correct its systems; and (2) appropriateness of the Army's strategy and actions to remediate its year 2000 problems. GAO noted that: (... | [
"In conducting our review, we assessed the Army’s Year 2000 efforts against our Year 2000 Assessment Guide. This guide addresses common issues affecting most federal agencies and presents a structured approach and a checklist to aid in planning, managing, and evaluating Year 2000 programs. The guidance, which is co... |
train_9378 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO examined whether married women and widows were being treated fairly under the Social Security system, focusing on: (1) how economic and demographic trends may affect women's future benefits; and (2) past proposals that have addressed these concerns. GAO noted that: (1) the Socia... | [
"When Social Security was enacted 60 years ago, relatively few women worked in wage-paying jobs. As a result, during the first decades of the program, most women became eligible for benefits as either the spouse or survivor of their Social Security-covered husbands. Today, a larger proportion of women work and earn... |
train_9379 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) within the Department of Commerce manages the federal government's use of the radio frequency spectrum with coordination and policy input from the Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee (IRAC), comprised of 20 federal agencies that use spectrum. In... | [
"IRAC’s role and placement have evolved over the last 80 years. IRAC was organized by several agencies in 1922 that, during a period of rapid growth in the use of radio services, recognized the need for interagency cooperation to resolve problems arising from the federal government’s use of broadcasting and radio s... |
train_9380 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 2010, over 40 percent of families receiving cash assistance through the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program were "child-only," meaning the adults in the household were not included in the benefit calculation, and aid was provided only for the children. TANF and child welfare programs provide cash ... | [
"The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) significantly changed federal welfare policy for low- income families with children, from a program that entitled eligible families to monthly cash payments to a capped block grant that emphasizes employment and work supports for ... |
train_9381 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | To help investors make informed decisions, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) enforces federal securities laws requiring companies to disclose all information that would be considered important or "material" to a reasonable investor, including information on environmental risks and liabilities, in reports fil... | [
"SEC seeks to (1) promote full and fair disclosure; (2) prevent and suppress fraud; (3) supervise and regulate the securities markets; and (4) regulate and oversee investment companies, investment advisors, and public utility holding companies. To ensure that all investors have access to basic relevant information ... |
train_9382 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In March 2005, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a rule that will limit emissions of mercury--a toxic element that causes neurological problems--from coal-fired power plants, the nation's largest industrial source of mercury emissions. Under the rule, mercury emissions are to be reduced from a baseline o... | [
"Mercury enters the environment through natural and man-made sources, including volcanoes, chemical manufacturing, and coal combustion, and poses ecological threats when it enters water bodies, where small aquatic organisms convert it into its highly toxic form—methylmercury. This form of mercury may then migrate u... |
train_9383 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Help America Vote Act of 2002 established the Election Assistance Commission (EAC) to help improve state and local administration of federal elections and authorized funding for state and local governments to expand their use of electronic voting systems. EAC began operations in January 2004. However, reported prob... | [
"All levels of government share responsibility in the U.S. election process. At the federal level, Congress has authority under the Constitution to regulate presidential and congressional elections and to enforce prohibitions against specific discriminatory practices in all federal, state, and local elections. Cong... |
train_9384 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States has generated over 75,000 metric tons of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste--extremely hazardous substances--at 80 sites in 35 states and is expected to more than double that amount by 2055. The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) required the Department of Energy (DOE) to investigate... | [
"Spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste are considered some of the most hazardous substances on earth. Without protective shielding, the intense radioactivity can kill a person immediately or cause cancer for those who receive smaller doses. Nuclear waste can remain radioactively dangerous for tens of thou... |
train_9385 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Annual vaccination is the main method for preventing seasonal influenza, which typically occurs in the United States from late fall to early spring. Manufacturers produce vaccine through a lengthy and complex process. Manufacturers and medical supply distributors then ship vaccine to providers such as physicians. Each ... | [
"Influenza is characterized by cough, fever, headache, and other symptoms and is more severe than some viral respiratory infections, such as the common cold. Most people who contract seasonal influenza recover completely in 1 to 2 weeks, but some develop serious and potentially life- threatening medical complicatio... |
train_9386 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The opportunity for employment is an important magnet attracting immigrants, including unauthorized immigrants, to countries. The policies and practices used by other countries to manage foreign workers, including actions to limit illegal immigration and to reduce the employment of unauthorized foreign workers, have be... | [
"Individuals migrate between countries for different reasons, including for family reunification, humanitarian, and work purposes. Many countries provide channels through which immigrants can legally enter to live with their immediate family members, and most countries we studied also admit immigrants who are refug... |
train_9387 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed problems with economic statistics, focusing on how they can affect the federal budget as well as the formulation of economic policy. GAO found that: (1) many economists believe that several technical problems limit the Consumer Price Index's (CPI) accuracy in measuring ... | [
"Economic statistics are intended to summarize various characteristics of the nation’s economy in an accurate and understandable way. Over the last decade, there has been growing concern among many experts that economic statistics have not kept pace with changes in the economy. Structural changes in the economy—suc... |
train_9388 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Fiscal constraints and growing threats to space systems have led DOD to consider alternatives for acquiring space-based capabilities, including disaggregating large satellites into multiple, smaller satellites or payloads (see graphic). A Senate Armed Services Committee report mandated GAO to assess the potential benef... | [
"DOD is considering alternative approaches—including disaggregation—to providing space-based capabilities to address challenges related to high- cost satellite programs and increasing threats to its space system capabilities. The size, capability, and complexity of DOD’s satellites have tended to increase over the ... |
train_9389 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO provided information on the methodologies used in four reports on bankruptcy debtors' ability to pay their debts--two by Ernst Young LLP, one by Creighton University, and one by the Executive Office for U.S. Trustees. GAO noted that: (1) determining which of these four reports m... | [
"Personal bankruptcy filings have set new records in each of the past 3 years, reaching about 1.4 million in calendar year 1998, of which more than 1 million were chapter 7 filings. There is little agreement on the causes for such high personal bankruptcy filings in a period of relatively low unemployment, low infl... |
train_9390 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Terrorists and countries of concern may be able to gain access to poorly secured weapons of mass destruction at sites throughout Russia. To address this threat to U.S. national security, the Departments of Defense (DOD) and Energy (DOE) have obligated more than $1.8 billion since 1992. GAO was asked to report on U.S. p... | [
"The collapse of the Soviet Union left Russia with the largest arsenal of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in the world. Unclassified U.S. estimates of the current number of Russia’s nuclear warheads range from 18,000 to 25,000, and Russia inherited an estimated 600 metric tons of the uranium and plutonium that co... |
train_9391 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since the attacks of September 11, 2001 exposed vulnerabilities in the nation's aviation system, billions of dollars have been spent on a wide range of programs designed to enhance aviation security. Continuing fiscal pressure highlights the need for DHS's TSA, the primary federal agency responsible for aviation securi... | [
"The Aviation and Transportation Security Act (ATSA) established TSA as the primary federal agency with responsibility for securing the nation’s civil aviation system. This responsibility includes the screening of all passengers and property transported from and within the United States by commercial passenger airc... |
train_9392 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | According to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), taxpayers currently owe about $249 billion in delinquent taxes. At the same time, the government pays billions of dollars in Social Security, retirement, and other federal payments to thousands of these individuals. To help IRS administer tax laws fairly and collect deli... | [
"In the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997, Congress authorized IRS to collect delinquent tax debt by continuously levying up to 15 percent of certain federal payments made to delinquent taxpayers. In July 2000, IRS first implemented the continuous levy program, now referred to as FPLP. We estimated in prior reviews that ... |
train_9393 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The F/A-22 and Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)--two of the Department of Defense's (DOD) major tactical aircraft fighter programs--are intended to replace aging tactical fighter aircraft with highly advanced, stealthy aircraft. The two programs combined have a potential future investment of more than $240 billion. Later thi... | [
"The F/A-22 aircraft program is acquiring the Air Force’s next generation, multi-mission fighter for about $63.8 billion. The continued need for the F/A-22, its increasing costs, and the quantities required to perform its mission have been the subject of a continuing debate within DOD and the Congress. Supporters c... |
train_9394 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Pentagon considers defenses to counter attacks from ballistic missiles, both long-range strategic and shorter-range theater missiles, to be critical to U.S. national security. The Air Force is developing a new satellite system, called Space-Based Infrared System-low (SBIRS-low) to expand the military's infrared sat... | [
"Based on its experiences with the launching of short-range theater missiles by Iraq during the 1991 Persian Gulf War, DOD concluded that expanded theater missile warning capabilities were needed and it began planning for an improved infrared satellite sensor capability that would support both long-range strategic ... |
train_9395 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Hurricanes Katrina and Rita wreaked havoc on small businesses in the Gulf Coast, and much federal assistance has been provided to help these businesses. GAO was asked to describe (1) the amount of assistance provided to Gulf Coast small businesses through the Small Business Administration's (SBA) disaster and Gulf Oppo... | [
"The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1974 (Stafford Act) sets forth requirements for the federal response to presidentially declared disasters. A presidential disaster declaration puts into motion long-term federal recovery programs, including SBA’s Disaster Loan Program. While SB... |
train_9396 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) has been a recognized safe haven for al Qaeda leadership and a base for the Taliban to launch cross-border attacks into Afghanistan. The United States, in an effort to assist Pakistan in addressing this threat, pledged $750 million between 2007 and 2011 to support d... | [
"Located in northwestern Pakistan, the FATA is situated along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. The mountainous, rugged terrain of the FATA covers approximately 10,500 square miles, roughly the same size as the state of Maryland. As figure 1 shows, the FATA is comprised of seven political agencies—Bajaur, Khyber, Ku... |
train_9397 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Defense (DOD) has, in the past, lacked a strategic approach to human capital management. In April 2002, DOD issued two human capital strategic plans for military personnel. One plan addresses military personnel management and policies; the second addresses quality of life issues affecting service memb... | [
"Recognizing the human capital challenges facing federal agencies, Congress, the administration, and others are focusing increased attention on strategic human capital management. Congress has underscored the consequences of human capital weaknesses in federal agencies and pinpointed solutions through the oversight... |
train_9398 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In fiscal year 2006, the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA) program paid over $1.8 billion in wage loss compensation to federal employees who were unable to work after being injured on the job. Under the Comptroller General's authority to conduct evaluations on his own initiative, GAO examined (1) how effective... | [
"The FECA program provides wage loss compensation and payments for medical treatment to federal employees who are injured in the performance of their federal duties. During fiscal year 2006, OWCP made over $1.8 billion in wage-loss-compensation payments to injured federal employees (“claimants”) and processed appro... |
train_9399 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 1971, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act was enacted to resolve long-standing aboriginal land claims and to foster economic development for Alaska Natives. This federal law directed that corporations be created under Alaska state law, which were to be the vehicles for distributing the settlement. As directed by... | [
"The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act required the Secretary of the Interior to divide Alaska into 12 geographic regions, with each region, as far as practicable, composed of Alaska Natives having a common The Secretary of the heritage and sharing common interests (see fig. 1).Interior was also required to enrol... |
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