id int32 0 100k | text stringlengths 21 3.54k | source stringlengths 1 124 | similarity float32 0.78 0.88 |
|---|---|---|---|
87,100 | Mark and recapture is a method commonly used in ecology to estimate an animal population's size where it is impractical to count every individual. A portion of the population is captured, marked, and released. Later, another portion will be captured and the number of marked individuals within the sample is counted. Sin... | Mark and recapture | 0.782207 |
87,101 | The Wigner D-matrix elements D m k j ( α , β , γ ) {\displaystyle D_{mk}^{j}(\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma )} form a set of orthogonal functions of the Euler angles α , β , {\displaystyle \alpha ,\beta ,} and γ {\displaystyle \gamma }: ∫ 0 2 π d α ∫ 0 π d β sin β ∫ 0 2 π d γ D m ′ k ′ j ′ ( α , β , γ ) ∗ D m k j ( α , β , γ ... | Wigner D matrix | 0.782207 |
87,102 | The Casimir operator J 2 = J x 2 + J y 2 + J z 2 {\displaystyle J^{2}=J_{x}^{2}+J_{y}^{2}+J_{z}^{2}} commutes with all generators of the Lie algebra. Hence, it may be diagonalized together with Jz. This defines the spherical basis used here. | Wigner D matrix | 0.782207 |
87,103 | Let Jx, Jy, Jz be generators of the Lie algebra of SU(2) and SO(3). In quantum mechanics, these three operators are the components of a vector operator known as angular momentum. Examples are the angular momentum of an electron in an atom, electronic spin, and the angular momentum of a rigid rotor. In all cases, the th... | Wigner D matrix | 0.782207 |
87,104 | There are a growing number of research projects and groups focusing directly or indirectly on microbiomes of the built environment. BIMERC - the Berkeley Indoor Microbial Ecology Research Consortium. This group is focused on "understanding the microbial components of indoor air, including the identification of the sour... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,105 | Nova Next: Mapping the Microbiome NPR: Your Invisible Neighbors: Each City Has Unique Microbes The Scientists: Your Office Has a Distinct Microbiome The Conversation article by Erica Hartmann Scientists at work: studying indoor microbial ecology means sampling in public restrooms TIME Magazine Your Home is Covered in M... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,106 | The American Association for the Advancement of Science ran a symposium on the topic in 2014. The American Academy of Microbiology had a colloquium on this topic in September 2015 and published a report "Microbiology of Built Environments".A 2016 paper by Brent Stephens highlights some of the key findings of studies of... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,107 | Microbiomes of the built environment is a field of inquiry into the communities of microorganisms that live in human constructed environments like houses, cars and water pipes. It is also sometimes referred to as microbiology of the built environment. The field has accelerated somewhat in recent years, with significant... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,108 | Mental health. In a 2015 review Hoisington et al. discuss possible connections between the microbiology of the built environment and human health. The concept presented in this paper is that more and more evidence is accumulating that the human microbiome has some impact on the brain and thus if the built environment e... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,109 | Many methods are used to study microbes in built environment. A review of such methods are some of the challenges in using them was published by NIST. Hoisington et al. in 2014 reviewed methods that could be used by building professionals to study the microbiology of the built environment. Methods used in the study of ... | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,110 | International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ) Alfred P. Sloan Foundation program in Microbiology of the Built Environment | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,111 | Indoor Air Journal Microbiology of the Built Environment paper collection at Biomed Central | Microbiomes of the built environment | 0.782205 |
87,112 | Since the dawn of modern chemistry, humic substances are among the most studied among the natural materials. Despite long study, their molecular structure remains elusive. The traditional view is that humic substances are heteropolycondensates, in varying associations with clay. | Fulvic acid | 0.782204 |
87,113 | In algebra, the fundamental theorem of algebraic K-theory describes the effects of changing the ring of K-groups from a ring R to R {\displaystyle R} or R {\displaystyle R} . The theorem was first proved by Hyman Bass for K 0 , K 1 {\displaystyle K_{0},K_{1}} and was later extended to higher K-groups by Daniel Quille... | Fundamental theorem of algebraic K-theory | 0.782204 |
87,114 | Let G i ( R ) {\displaystyle G_{i}(R)} be the algebraic K-theory of the category of finitely generated modules over a noetherian ring R; explicitly, we can take G i ( R ) = π i ( B + f-gen-Mod R ) {\displaystyle G_{i}(R)=\pi _{i}(B^{+}{\text{f-gen-Mod}}_{R})} , where B + = Ω B Q {\displaystyle B^{+}=\Omega BQ} is given... | Fundamental theorem of algebraic K-theory | 0.782204 |
87,115 | In probability theory, a continuity correction is an adjustment that is made when a discrete distribution is approximated by a continuous distribution. | Continuity correction | 0.782203 |
87,116 | The variable distance between these cameras, called the baseline, can affect the disparity of a specific point on their respective image plane. As the baseline increases, the disparity increases due to the greater angle needed to align the sight on the point. However, in computer vision, binocular disparity is referenc... | Binocular disparity | 0.782203 |
87,117 | One of which is the real projection from the object to the actual point of projection. The other one is the imaginary projection running through the nodal point of the fixation point. In computer vision, binocular disparity is calculated from stereo images taken from a set of stereo cameras. | Binocular disparity | 0.782203 |
87,118 | Binocular disparity refers to the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes’ horizontal separation (parallax). The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis. In computer vision, binocular dis... | Binocular disparity | 0.782203 |
87,119 | This allows for depth perception in stereo images. Using geometry and algebra, the points that appear in the 2D stereo images can be mapped as coordinates in 3D space. This concept is particularly useful for navigation. | Binocular disparity | 0.782203 |
87,120 | CDC and NCI, in collaboration with the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, have been publishing annual federal cancer statistics in the United States Cancer Statistics: Incidence and Mortality report. Information maintained in the cancer registry includes: demographic information, medical history, ... | Cancer Registry | 0.7822 |
87,121 | The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute collects and publish data on cancer incidence and survival throughout the United States. The information from population-based cancer registries covers approximately 28 percent of the US population. This coverage includes 26... | Cancer Registry | 0.7822 |
87,122 | Some WCMSs allow administrators to set up rules for workflow management, guiding content managers through a series of steps required for each of their tasks.Good For SEO WCMS websites also accommodate search engine optimization (SEO). Content freshness helps, as some search engines prefer websites with newer content. S... | Web content management system | 0.7822 |
87,123 | It has been known since the early 1930s that the salts of certain lanthanides are fluorescent. The reaction of lanthanide salts with nucleic acids was discussed in a number of publications during the 1930s and the 1940s where lanthanum-containing reagents were employed for the fixation of nucleic acid structures. In 19... | Lanthanide probes | 0.782197 |
87,124 | Dynkin's formula, named after Eugene Dynkin, gives the expected value of any suitably smooth statistic of an Itô diffusion X (with generator A) at a stopping time. Precisely, if τ is a stopping time with Ex < +∞, and f: Rn → R is C2 with compact support, then E x = f ( x ) + E x . {\displaystyle \mathbf {E} ^{x}=f(x)... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,125 | An Itô diffusion X is a sample continuous process, i.e., for almost all realisations Bt(ω) of the noise, Xt(ω) is a continuous function of the time parameter, t. More accurately, there is a "continuous version" of X, a continuous process Y so that P = 1 for all t . {\displaystyle \mathbf {P} =1{\mbox{ for all }}t.} Th... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,126 | Sometimes it is necessary to find an invariant measure for an Itô diffusion X, i.e. a measure on Rn that does not change under the "flow" of X: i.e., if X0 is distributed according to such an invariant measure μ∞, then Xt is also distributed according to μ∞ for any t ≥ 0. The Fokker–Planck equation offers a way to find... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,127 | The harmonic measure satisfies an interesting mean value property: if f: Rn → R is any bounded, Borel-measurable function and φ is given by φ ( x ) = E x , {\displaystyle \varphi (x)=\mathbf {E} ^{x}\left,} then, for all Borel sets G ⊂⊂ H and all x ∈ G, φ ( x ) = ∫ ∂ G φ ( y ) d μ G x ( y ) . {\displaystyle \varphi (x... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,128 | Let f: Rn → R be a bounded, Borel-measurable function. Then, for all t and h ≥ 0, the conditional expectation conditioned on the σ-algebra Σt and the expectation of the process "restarted" from Xt satisfy the Markov property: E x ( ω ) = E X t ( ω ) . {\displaystyle \mathbf {E} ^{x}{\big }(\omega )=\mathbf {E} ^{X_{t... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,129 | In mathematics – specifically, in stochastic analysis – an Itô diffusion is a solution to a specific type of stochastic differential equation. That equation is similar to the Langevin equation used in physics to describe the Brownian motion of a particle subjected to a potential in a viscous fluid. Itô diffusions are n... | Itō diffusion | 0.782196 |
87,130 | Given a set s ⊆ N {\displaystyle s\subseteq \mathbb {N} } of non-negative integers, let min ( s ) {\displaystyle \min(s)} denote the minimum element of s {\displaystyle s} . Let n {\displaystyle ^{n}} denote the set of all n-element subsets of X {\displaystyle X} . A function f: n → N {\displaystyle f:^{n}\rightarrow... | Kanamori–McAloon theorem | 0.782194 |
87,131 | In mathematical logic, the Kanamori–McAloon theorem, due to Kanamori & McAloon (1987), gives an example of an incompleteness in Peano arithmetic, similar to that of the Paris–Harrington theorem. They showed that a certain finitistic theorem in Ramsey theory is not provable in Peano arithmetic (PA). | Kanamori–McAloon theorem | 0.782194 |
87,132 | The Carius halogen method in analytical chemistry is a method for the quantitative determination of halogens in chemical substances.A known mass of an organic compound is heated with fuming nitric acid in the presence of silver nitrate contained in a hard glass tube known as carius tube, in a furnace. Carbon and hydrog... | Carius halogen method | 0.782194 |
87,133 | "Comparative chromosomics" defines the field of cytogenetics dealing with molecular approaches, although "chromosomics" was originally introduced to define the research of chromatin dynamics and morphological changes in interphase chromosome structures.Chromosome painting or Zoo-FISH was the first technique to have a w... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,134 | The third step occurred when molecular techniques were incorporated into cytogenetics. These techniques use DNA probes of diverse sizes to compare chromosomes at the DNA level. Homology can be confidently compared even between phylogenetically distant species or highly rearranged species (e.g., gibbons). Using cladisti... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,135 | Each gene maps to the same chromosome in every cell. Linkage is determined by the presence of two or more loci on the same chromosome. The entire chromosomal set of a species is known as a karyotype. A seemingly logical consequence of descent from common ancestors is that more closely related species should have more c... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,136 | After the Human Genome Project researchers focused on evolutionary comparisons of the genome structures of different species. The whole genome of any species can be sequenced completely and repeatedly to obtain a comprehensive single-nucleotide map. This method makes it possible to compare genomes for any two species r... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,137 | Modern mammals (class Mammalia) are divided into Monotremes, Marsupials, and Placentals. The subclass Prototheria (Monotremes) comprises the five species of egg-laying mammals: platypus and four echidna species. The infraclasses Metatheria (Marsupials) and Eutheria (Placentals) together form the subclass Theria.In the ... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,138 | Mammalian comparative cytogenetics, an indispensable part of phylogenomics, has evolved in a series of steps from pure description to the more heuristic science of the genomic era. Technical advances have marked the various developmental steps of cytogenetics. | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,139 | The study of heterochromatin composition, repeated DNA amount and its distribution on chromosomes of octodontids is absolutely necessary to define exactly what heterochromatin fraction is responsible for the large genomes of the red viscacha rat.In comparative cytogenetics, chromosome homology between species was propo... | Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals | 0.78219 |
87,140 | PACE will enable scientists to better monitor fisheries, identify harmful algal blooms, and observe changes in marine resources. The color of the ocean is determined by the interaction of sunlight with substances or particles present in seawater such as chlorophyll, a green pigment found in most phytoplankton species. ... | HyperAngular Rainbow Polarimeter | 0.78219 |
87,141 | PACE has two fundamental science goals: "to extend key systematic ocean color, aerosol, and cloud data records for Earth system and climate studies, and to address new and emerging science questions using its advanced instruments, surpassing the capabilities of previous and current missions". The ocean and atmosphere a... | HyperAngular Rainbow Polarimeter | 0.78219 |
87,142 | The oceans play a critical role in supporting life on Earth as well as the global economy. To understand changes in ocean health related to climate change; formulation of science objectives and sensor requirements for an advanced ocean biology satellite mission began in the year 2000 with a NASA agency-wide carbon cycl... | HyperAngular Rainbow Polarimeter | 0.78219 |
87,143 | Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) is a NASA Earth-observing satellite mission that will continue and advance observations of global ocean color, biogeochemistry, and ecology, as well as the carbon cycle, aerosols and clouds. PACE will be used to identify the extent and duration of phytoplankton blooms an... | HyperAngular Rainbow Polarimeter | 0.78219 |
87,144 | In molecular biology, TUG-UBL1 refers to a protein that regulates a glucose transporter called GLUT4. TUG-UBL1 is an acronym for Tether containing UBX domain for GLUT4-Ubiquitin Like 1, this is encoded for by the gene, ASPSCR1. | TUG-UBL1 protein domain | 0.78219 |
87,145 | N-terminal ubiquitin-like domain (TUG–UBL1) has a tertiary structure of TUG–UBL1, which consists of a beta-grasp or ubiquitin-like topology for this domain. This comprises a five-stranded beta-sheet, a single major alpha-helix (residues 32–42), and two short helices. | TUG-UBL1 protein domain | 0.782189 |
87,146 | The color filled areas that show different ranges of shallow water are not the equivalent of contours on a topographic map since they are often drawn seaward of the actual shallowest depth portrayed. A bathymetric chart does show marine topology accurately. | Hydrography | 0.782187 |
87,147 | In mathematics, particularly in operator theory and C*-algebra theory, a continuous functional calculus is a functional calculus which allows the application of a continuous function to normal elements of a C*-algebra. | Continuous functional calculus | 0.782187 |
87,148 | Uniqueness follows from application of the Stone–Weierstrass theorem. Furthermore, the spectral mapping theorem holds: σ ( f ( x ) ) = f ( σ ( x ) ) . {\displaystyle \sigma (f(x))=f(\sigma (x)).} | Continuous functional calculus | 0.782187 |
87,149 | Theorem. Let x be a normal element of a C*-algebra A with an identity element e. Let C be the C*-algebra of the bounded continuous functions on the spectrum σ(x) of x. Then there exists a unique mapping π: C → A, where π(f) is denoted f(x), such that π is a unit-preserving morphism of C*-algebras and π(1) = e and π(id)... | Continuous functional calculus | 0.782187 |
87,150 | It also helps businesses to improve their conversion rate optimization (CRO) by displaying consistent branding and reducing abandonment rate. Moreover, PIM allows the automation of most of the processes of product creation. All in all PIM provides a centralized solution for media independent product data maintenance, e... | Product information management | 0.782186 |
87,151 | There have been some findings of links between infection by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and schizophrenia.AIDS has been linked to some mental disorders. Research shows that infections and exposure to toxins such as HIV and streptococcus cause dementia. This HIV infection that makes its way to the brain is called enc... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,152 | Biological factors consist of anything physical that can cause adverse effects on a person's mental health. Biological factors include genetics, prenatal damage, infections, exposure to toxins, brain defects or injuries, and substance abuse. Many professionals believe that the cause of mental disorders is the biology o... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,153 | An overall distinction is also commonly made between a "medical model" (also known as a biomedical or disease model) and a "social model" (also known as an empowerment or recovery model) of mental disorder and disability, with the former focusing on hypothesized disease processes and symptoms, along with latter focusin... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,154 | Instead, neurotransmitter systems have been understood in the context of the diathesis-stress or biopsychosocial models. The following 1967 quote from renowned psychiatric and neuroscience researchers exemplifies this more sophisticated understanding (in contrast to the woolly "chemical imbalance" notion). Whereas spec... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,155 | Abnormal levels of dopamine activity correspond with several disorders (reduced in ADHD and OCD, and increased in schizophrenia). The dysfunction in serotonin and other monoamine neurotransmitters (norepinephrine and dopamine) correspond with certain mental disorders and their associated neural networks. Some include m... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,156 | Some rare mental disorders are caused only by genetics such as Huntington's disease. Family linkage and some twin studies have indicated that genetic factors often play a role in the heritability of mental disorders. The reliable identification of specific genetic variation can cause indication of higher risk to partic... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,157 | Parental divorce, death, absence, or the lack of stability appears to increase the risk of mental disorders in a child. Early social privation, and the lack of "ongoing, harmonious, secure, committed" relationships have been implicated in the development of mental illnesses. Continuous conflict with friends, one's supp... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,158 | Mistreatment in childhood or adulthood (including sexual-, physical-, and emotional abuse, domestic violence, and bullying) has been linked to the onset of mental disorders through an interaction of societal, familial, psychological, and biological factors. More generally, negative or stressful life events have been im... | Causes of mental disorders | 0.782185 |
87,159 | Laureano Simón began his business career in 2000 with the creation of Progenika Biopharma S.A., a personalized medicine company which was acquired by Grifols in February 2013.Dr. Simón holds a Ph.D. in Chemical Sciences (Molecular Biology) by the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, a master's degree in Biotechnology by the... | Oncomatryx | 0.782185 |
87,160 | Cell Biology unit. Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie. Universität Stuttgart. | Oncomatryx | 0.782185 |
87,161 | Biomedical Engineering unit. Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie. Universität Stuttgart. | Oncomatryx | 0.782185 |
87,162 | Oncomatryx Biopharma S. L. is a pharmaceutical biotechnology company that develops personalized treatments against invasive cancer as well as tests for its early detection. Established by Laureano Simón, PhD, Oncomatryx thus engages twofold in the fight against invasive kinds of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer or inv... | Oncomatryx | 0.782185 |
87,163 | They get the chance to learn about black holes, nebulae, asteroids, planets, planetary systems, moons, and a variety of other phenomena.Students who attended the Space Center 15 years ago are now pursuing fields in science, technology, space exploration, programming, and electrical engineering. Students at the local Br... | Christa McAuliffe Space Education Center | 0.782185 |
87,164 | The Space Center uses it simulators in order to create interactive stories, usually applicable to historical events, in which the students are involved. Since November of 2020, they also use the planetarium that was built during their 2020 rebuild. Students also learn and apply different aspects of astronomy and scienc... | Christa McAuliffe Space Education Center | 0.782185 |
87,165 | It is a 4,000-square-foot (370 m2) building added onto Central Elementary. It aims to teach astronomy and social studies through the use of simulators; the first, Voyager, proved itself popular, and a new planetarium built in 2020. As the years passed, the demand for flights expanded and new ships were commissioned. | Christa McAuliffe Space Education Center | 0.782185 |
87,166 | Michael H. Hart, astrophysicist who proposed a narrow habitable zone based on climate studies, edited the influential 1982 book Extraterrestrials: Where are They and authored one of its chapters "Atmospheric Evolution, the Drake Equation and DNA: Sparse Life in an Infinite Universe". Howard Alan Smith, astrophysicist a... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,167 | John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler, cosmologists, vigorously defend the hypothesis that humans are likely to be the only intelligent life in the Milky Way, and perhaps the entire universe. But this hypothesis is not central to their book The Anthropic Cosmological Principle, a thorough study of the anthropic principle ... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,168 | Europa has long been suspected to have plate tectonics and in 2014 NASA announced evidence of active subduction. Like Europa, analysis of the surface of Jupiter's largest moon Ganymede strike-strip faulting and surface materials of possible endogenic origin suggests that plate tectonics has also taken place there. In 2... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,169 | Furthermore, recent studies point to plate tectonics as an episodic planetary phenomenon, and that life may evolve during periods of "stagnant-lid" rather than plate tectonic states.Recent evidence also points to similar activity either having occurred or continuing to occur elsewhere. The geology of Pluto, for example... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,170 | An energy output that varies with the lifetime of the star will likely prevent life (e.g., as Cepheid variables). A sudden decrease, even if brief, may freeze the water of orbiting planets, and a significant increase may evaporate it and cause a greenhouse effect that prevents the oceans from reforming. All known life ... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,171 | Further investigation into alternative metabolic pathways used by these organisms appear to present further problems for the premise. Stevenson (2015) has proposed other membrane alternatives for complex life in worlds without oxygen. In 2017, scientists from the NASA Astrobiology Institute discovered the necessary che... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,172 | The Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the evolution of biological complexity anywhere in the universe requires the coincidence of a large number of fortuitous circumstances, including, among others, a galactic habitable zone; a central star and planetary system having the requisite character (i.e. a circumstellar habit... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,173 | If this incorporation occurred only once in four billion years or is otherwise unlikely, then life on most planets remains simple. An alternative view is that the evolution of mitochondria was environmentally triggered, and that mitochondria-containing organisms appeared soon after the first traces of atmospheric oxyge... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,174 | Rare Earth suggests that much of the known universe, including large parts of our galaxy, are "dead zones" unable to support complex life. Those parts of a galaxy where complex life is possible make up the galactic habitable zone, which is primarily characterized by distance from the Galactic Center. As that distance i... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,175 | In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity such as sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms on Earth (and, subsequently, human intelligence) required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events an... | Rare Earth Hypothesis | 0.782184 |
87,176 | The initial local time of apogee was 2100 h. OGO 1 carried 20 experiments. Twelve of these were particle studies and two were magnetic field studies. In addition, there was one experiment for each of the following types of studies: interplanetary dust, VLF, Lyman-alpha, gegenschein, atmospheric mass, and radio astronom... | Orbiting Geophysical Observatory | 0.782184 |
87,177 | The University of Arizona’s Catalina Sky Survey (CSS), funded by NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO), detected an object late in the evening of 25 August 2020 which appeared to be on an impact trajectory with Earth. Two Maui middle school students also observed the 250-pound object. Maui Waena Intermedi... | Orbiting Geophysical Observatory | 0.782184 |
87,178 | The Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory (SUPL) is a laboratory 1 km deep in the Stawell Gold Mine, located in Stawell, Shire of Northern Grampians, Victoria, Australia. Together with the planned Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site (ANDES) at the Agua Negra Pass, it is one of just two underground particle physics laborat... | Stawell Underground Physics Laboratory | 0.782183 |
87,179 | S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) is the organosulfur compound with the formula ONSC(CH3)2CH(NHAc)CO2H. It is a green solid.SNAP is an S-nitrosothiol and is used as a model for the general class of S-nitrosothiols which have received much attention in biochemistry because nitric oxide and some organic nitroso deri... | S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine | 0.782182 |
87,180 | DESs provide a high Cl− ion concentration and low water content, whilst reducing the need for either high additional salt or acid concentrations, circumventing most oxide chemistry. Thus, the electrodissolution of sulfide minerals has demonstrated promising results in DES media in absence of passivation layers, with th... | Ionometallurgy | 0.782181 |
87,181 | Seven execution units specialized in parallelized instructions x86 Decoders that translate x86 Assembly to RISC86 instructions IEEE 1149.1 Boundary Scan Speculative execution optimization Out of Order execution Register Renaming | AMD K6 | 0.78218 |
87,182 | The multi-exponential representation corresponds to a division of the pore space into n {\displaystyle n} main groups based on S / V {\displaystyle S/V} (surface-to-volume ratio) values. Due to the pore size variations, a non-linear optimization algorithm with multi-exponential terms is used to fit experimental data. U... | Nuclear magnetic resonance in porous media | 0.782179 |
87,183 | Insurance statistics in the United States indicate a 30% increase in the number of elderly killed, comparing 1975 to 2000. Several states require additional testing for elderly drivers. On a per-driver basis, the number of fatal and overall crashes decreases with age, with some exceptions for drivers over 75. The overa... | Automotive safety | 0.782179 |
87,184 | The algorithm begins by computing the expected value of the sufficient statistics for that vector. Then, until the likelihood converges to a stable value (this is usually accomplished by setting a small threshold value and running the algorithm until it increases by less than that threshold value), do the following at ... | Variational message passing | 0.782178 |
87,185 | Pattern theory, formulated by Ulf Grenander, is a mathematical formalism to describe knowledge of the world as patterns. It differs from other approaches to artificial intelligence in that it does not begin by prescribing algorithms and machinery to recognize and classify patterns; rather, it prescribes a vocabulary to... | Pattern Theory | 0.782177 |
87,186 | In probability theory it is common that another assumption is added to measures in addition to the measure being isotropic. A unimodal measure (or isotropic unimodal measure) is any isotropic measure μ ( d z ) = μ 0 ( | z | ) d z {\displaystyle \mu (dz)=\mu _{0}\left(|z|\right)dz} such that μ 0 ( r ) {\displaystyle \mu... | Isotropic measure | 0.782175 |
87,187 | In probability theory, an isotropic measure is any mathematical measure that is invariant under linear isometries. It is a standard simplification and assumption used in probability theory. Generally, it is used in the context of measure theory on n {\displaystyle n} -dimensional Euclidean space, for which it can be in... | Isotropic measure | 0.782175 |
87,188 | Here, the asterisk denotes the Pontryagin dual of a given locally compact abelian group. All of these statements were presented by Tate in a more general form depending on a set of places S {\displaystyle S} of k {\displaystyle k} , with the above statements being the form of his theorems for the case where S {\display... | Poitou-Tate duality | 0.782174 |
87,189 | In mathematics, Tate duality or Poitou–Tate duality is a duality theorem for Galois cohomology groups of modules over the Galois group of an algebraic number field or local field, introduced by John Tate (1962) and Georges Poitou (1967). | Poitou-Tate duality | 0.782174 |
87,190 | Much of the research regarding expertise involves the studies of how experts and novices differ in solving problems. Mathematics and physics are common domains for these studies. One of the most cited works in this area examines how experts (PhD students in physics) and novices (undergraduate students that completed on... | Networked expertise | 0.782174 |
87,191 | As yet there is not consensus nor compelling arguments for the conjectured fixes or phenomena which would insure that the N = 4 {\displaystyle N=4} supersymmetric Yang Mills results would reliably reflect QCD. In a letter to Physics Today, Nobel laureate Philip W. Anderson voiced similar concerns about applications of ... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.782174 |
87,192 | With many physicists turning towards string-based methods to solve problems in nuclear and condensed matter physics, some theorists working in these areas have expressed doubts about whether the AdS/CFT correspondence can provide the tools needed to realistically model real-world systems. In a talk at the Quark Matter ... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.782174 |
87,193 | An important feature of anti-de Sitter space is its boundary (which looks like a cylinder in the case of three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space). One property of this boundary is that, locally around any point, it looks just like Minkowski space, the model of spacetime used in nongravitational physics.One can therefore... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.782174 |
87,194 | The application of quantum mechanics to physical objects such as the electromagnetic field, which are extended in space and time, is known as quantum field theory. In particle physics, quantum field theories form the basis for our understanding of elementary particles, which are modeled as excitations in the fundamenta... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.782174 |
87,195 | Such systems are often produced in the laboratory using liquid helium, but recently experimentalists have developed new ways of producing artificial superfluids by pouring trillions of cold atoms into a lattice of criss-crossing lasers. These atoms initially behave as a superfluid, but as experimentalists increase the ... | Maldacena conjecture | 0.782174 |
87,196 | In specific fields, the definition of expert is well established by consensus and therefore it is not always necessary for individuals to have a professional or academic qualification for them to be accepted as an expert. In this respect, a shepherd with 50 years of experience tending flocks would be widely recognized ... | Networked expertise | 0.782174 |
87,197 | J.M.E. McTaggart in The Unreality of Time identified two descriptions of time, which he called the A-series and the B-series. The A-series identifies positions in time as past, present, or future, and thus assumes that the "present" has some objective reality, as in both presentism and the growing block universe. The B... | Four-dimensionalism | 0.782173 |
87,198 | The DAMA/NaI set-up observed the annual modulation signature over 7 annual cycles (1995–2002). The presence of a model independent positive evidence in the data of DAMA/NaI was first reported by the DAMA collaboration in fall 1997 and published beginning of 1998. The final paper with the full results was published in 2... | DAMA/NaI | 0.782171 |
87,199 | The flavin product then breaks down with release of water to reform FAD. Due to the low dissociation constant of the NADP+-enzyme complex, NADP+ is released by the end of the cycle and the enzyme returns to its original state. The rate-limiting step involves either the breakdown of FADH-OH to water or the release of NA... | Flavin-containing monooxygenase system | 0.782171 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.