Document 80-sample public CN/EU release
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README.md
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path: data/test.parquet
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dataset_info:
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features:
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- name: id
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dtype: int64
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- name: query_img_id
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dtype: string
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- name: query_pn
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dtype: string
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- name: query_img_path
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dtype: image
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- name: target_pns
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sequence: string
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- name: target_img_ids
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sequence: string
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- name: pair_name
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dtype: string
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- name: picture_type
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dtype: string
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- name:
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dtype: string
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- name:
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dtype: string
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sequence: string
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dtype:
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splits:
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- name: test
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num_examples:
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---
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# PatSnap Design FTO Bench
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## Dataset Overview
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| Property | Value |
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|----------|-------|
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| **License** | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
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## Quick Start
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from datasets import load_dataset
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ds = load_dataset("PatSnap/design-fto-bench", split="test")
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print(
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# Inspect one sample
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sample = ds[0]
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# query_img_path is a PIL Image (bytes embedded in the Parquet, no external lookup needed)
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img = sample["query_img_path"]
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print(f"Query image: {img.size}, mode={img.mode}")
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# Targets are the set of design patents whose images constitute infringement risk
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print(sample["target_pns"], sample["target_img_ids"])
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```
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## Data Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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|-------|------|-------------|
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| `one_level_loc` | string | First-level Locarno classification code |
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| `two_level_loc` | string | Second-level Locarno classification code (e.g. 14-03) |
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| `country` | list[string] | Country/jurisdiction codes of the sample |
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| `version` | string | Dataset version (e.g. 1.1) |
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## How to Use the Query
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|--------|-------------|
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| **Hit Rate @ K** | % of samples with ≥1 GT patent in top K (K = 10, 50, 100, 200) |
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| **PRES @ N** | Patent Retrieval Evaluation Score (Magdy & Jones 2010, with miss-penalty correction): single score in `[0, 1]` jointly capturing how many GT patents are retrieved within top-N and how highly they are ranked. PRES = 1.0 means every GT patent appears at the top; PRES = 0 means none are found within N. Default N = 200. |
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| **A** | ≥ 90% | Excellent — suitable for direct professional use |
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| **B** | ≥ 75% | Good — effective as a high-efficiency screening tool |
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| **C** | ≥ 60% | Acceptable — requires human review of key results |
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| **D** | < 60% | Below standard — model improvement needed |
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## Distribution
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### By Jurisdiction
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| Jurisdiction | Count | Percentage |
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|--------------|-------|------------|
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| CN | 91 | 100% |
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> The v1.1 public release contains only invalidation-proceeding samples (CN). Future releases (v2) will incorporate cross-jurisdiction TRO data (US/EP/JP).
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### By Locarno Classification
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Coverage spans all 26 first-level LOC classes.
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## Limitations
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- **Retrieval-only Bench**: Evaluates the search/retrieval step only; does not cover infringement adjudication or court-ruling outcomes.
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- **GT based on invalidation proceedings**: This subset (v1.1) is restricted to CN invalidation-proceeding pairs. E-commerce infringement-complaint samples are retained internally for client confidentiality.
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- **Single-jurisdiction**: CN only in this release.
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- **Visual similarity ≠ legal infringement**: A retrieval system returning a top-1 hit does not constitute a legal infringement determination; results are inputs to professional FTO review.
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## Citation
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author = {PatSnap},
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year = {2026},
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url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/PatSnap/design-fto-bench},
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note = {A
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}
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```
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## License
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Released under [CC BY-NC 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)
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## Try the Production System
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🔗 [Try it on PatSnap Eureka](https://eureka.patsnap.com/ip/checking/?from=benchmark_huggingface#/design-fto)
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path: data/test.parquet
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dataset_info:
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features:
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- name: query_pn
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dtype: string
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- name: query_img_path
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dtype: image
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- name: target_pns
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sequence: string
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- name: picture_type
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dtype: string
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- name: loc
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dtype: string
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- name: sub_loc
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dtype: string
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- name: jurisdiction
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sequence: string
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- name: is_public
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dtype: int64
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splits:
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- name: test
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num_examples: 80
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---
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# PatSnap Design FTO Bench
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This dataset evaluates **design patent Freedom-To-Operate (FTO) image retrieval**. Given a query image, a system ranks design patents; `target_pns` contains the annotated target publication numbers. The public test split contains 80 invalidation-proceeding records selected with `is_public = 1`. It contains no e-commerce complaint samples.
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The 80 query PNGs are embedded in `data/test.parquet`. The `data/image/` files in the repository belong to an earlier release and are not the source for the current test split.
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## Dataset Overview
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| Property | Value |
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|----------|-------|
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| Public test samples | 80 |
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| Jurisdictions (`jurisdiction`) | CN: 40; EU: 40 |
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| Query images | 80 embedded PNGs |
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| Ground truth | 98 target-PN entries across 80 samples |
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| Locarno coverage | 20 distinct first-level codes after splitting `OR` combinations |
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| Source | Invalidation proceedings |
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| License | CC BY-NC 4.0 |
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## Quick Start
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from datasets import load_dataset
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ds = load_dataset("PatSnap/design-fto-bench", split="test")
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print(len(ds)) # 80
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sample = ds[0]
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image = sample["query_img_path"] # PIL image; bytes are embedded in Parquet
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print(image.size, sample["target_pns"], sample["jurisdiction"])
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```
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`query_pn` is `null` for 27 samples. Use the query image as the input; do not infer a missing query PN from its filename or target PNs.
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## Data Fields
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| Field | Type | Description |
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|-------|------|-------------|
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| `query_pn` | nullable string | Query patent publication number, if available |
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| `query_img_path` | image | Query PNG embedded in the Parquet file; its stored path is relative to the source package's `data/` directory |
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| `target_pns` | list[string] | Annotated target patent publication numbers, in source order |
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| `picture_type` | string | `Invalidation Proceedings` for every published sample |
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| `loc` | string | First-level Locarno code; may contain `OR` |
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| `sub_loc` | string | More specific Locarno code; may contain `OR` |
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| `jurisdiction` | list[string] | Target search jurisdiction (`["CN"]` or `["EU"]`) |
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| `is_public` | int64 | `1` for every published sample |
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## Evaluation
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Use `target_pns` as the patent-number ground truth. Hit Rate @ K is the fraction of all 80 test samples with at least one target PN in the top K results. PRES @ N also accounts for the ranks of retrieved targets; the usual depth is N = 200. Missing or failed queries remain in the 80-sample denominator for a full-set evaluation. Report the dataset revision, ranking cutoff, PN normalization rules, and treatment of query patents that also appear in `target_pns`.
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The [reference metric functions](https://github.com/patsnap/patent-bench/blob/main/common/metrics/search_metrics.py) define Hit Rate and PRES. Their command-line workflow expects a JSONL file with an `id` field; this public Parquet intentionally has no internal sample IDs. Use the functions with ranked results aligned to the 80 published rows, or adapt the CLI input locally. Image-level target IDs are not part of this public schema.
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## Release Notes and Limitations
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- The 2026-10-13 public selection replaces the earlier 91-row CN-only test split with 80 rows across CN and EU. Its schema also changed. Results on the earlier release are not directly comparable; pin a dataset commit when reporting scores.
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- This benchmark covers retrieval, not infringement adjudication or legal FTO conclusions. Visual similarity alone is not a legal finding.
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- The public selection contains only invalidation-proceeding records. It is not a representative sample of all product designs, jurisdictions, or FTO matters.
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## Citation
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author = {PatSnap},
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year = {2026},
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url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/PatSnap/design-fto-bench},
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note = {A benchmark for design-patent FTO image retrieval}
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}
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```
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## License
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Released under [CC BY-NC 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) for research and non-commercial evaluation.
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## Try the Production System
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[PatSnap Design FTO on Eureka](https://eureka.patsnap.com/ip/checking/?from=benchmark_huggingface#/design-fto)
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