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README.md
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---
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task_categories:
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- feature-extraction
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language:
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- en
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license: apache-2.0
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size_categories:
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- 10M<n<100M
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configs:
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- config_name: default
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data_files:
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- split: train
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path: data/train-*.parquet
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- split: test
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path: data/test-*.parquet
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- split: neighbors
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path: data/neighbors.parquet
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dataset_info:
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features:
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- name: id
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dtype: int64
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- name: emb
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sequence: float32
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splits:
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- name: train
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num_examples: 10000000
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- name: test
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num_examples: 10000
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- name: neighbors
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num_examples: 10000
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tags:
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- multimodal
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- embeddings
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- vector-search
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- benchmark
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- image-text
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---
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# Multimodal Embedding 10M Benchmark Dataset
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A large-scale vector search benchmark dataset containing **10M base vectors** and **10K query vectors** with pre-computed ground truth (top-100 nearest neighbors by Inner Product), generated from multimodal (image + text) inputs.
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## Dataset Summary
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| Property | Value |
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|----------|-------|
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| Base Vectors | 10,000,000 |
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| Query Vectors | 10,000 |
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| Dimension | 4,096 |
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| Distance Metric | Inner Product (IP) |
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| Top-K Ground Truth | 100 |
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| Vector dtype | float32 |
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| Embedding Model | [Qwen3-VL-Embedding-8B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-VL-Embedding-8B) |
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| Source Data | [pixparse/cc12m-wds](https://huggingface.co/datasets/pixparse/cc12m-wds) (Conceptual Captions 12M) |
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| Base/Query Overlap | Yes (0.1%, query shards 40-41 included in base) |
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## Splits
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| Split | Rows | Description |
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|-------|------|-------------|
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| `train` | 10,000,000 | Base vectors (20 parquet shards, 500K rows each) |
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| `test` | 10,000 | Query vectors |
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| `neighbors` | 10,000 | Ground truth: top-100 nearest neighbor IDs per query |
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## Schema
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**train / test:**
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| Column | Type | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| `id` | int64 | Sequential identifier (0-indexed) |
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| `emb` | list\<float32\> | 4096-dim L2-normalized embedding |
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**neighbors:**
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| Column | Type | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| `id` | int64 | Query ID (matches test split) |
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| `neighbors` | list\<int64\> | Top-100 base vector IDs by IP score (descending) |
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## Usage
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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import numpy as np
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ds = load_dataset("WenxingZhu/multimodal-embedding-10M")
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# Base and query embeddings
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base_emb = np.array(ds["train"]["emb"]) # (10_000_000, 4096) - streams from 20 shards
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query_emb = np.array(ds["test"]["emb"]) # (10_000, 4096)
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# Ground truth neighbors
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neighbors = ds["neighbors"]["neighbors"] # list of 10K lists, each 100 int64 IDs
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```
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### Streaming (recommended for 10M)
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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ds = load_dataset("WenxingZhu/multimodal-embedding-10M", split="train", streaming=True)
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for row in ds:
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emb = row["emb"] # list of 4096 floats
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break
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```
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## Generation Details
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- **Model**: Qwen3-VL-Embedding-8B via vLLM (pooling runner, bfloat16)
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- **Input**: Image-text pairs from cc12m-wds WebDataset shards, streamed from HuggingFace
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- **Normalization**: L2 normalized post-embedding
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- **Hardware**: 6x NVIDIA A100-80GB (DGX)
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- **Throughput**: ~25 samples/sec per GPU
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- **Total Generation Time**: ~3 days for 10M embeddings
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- **Ground Truth**: Brute-force inner product, chunked numpy computation
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## Related
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- [multimodal-embedding-1M](https://huggingface.co/datasets/WenxingZhu/multimodal-embedding-1M) — 1M version from cc3m-wds
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## License
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Apache 2.0
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