Duplicate from Venafi/Machine-Identity-Spectra

Co-authored-by: Phillip Maraveyias <Pmaraveyias@users.noreply.huggingface.co>

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.gitignore

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+*.DS_Store
+**/.idea

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README.md

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+---
+license: apache-2.0
+task_categories:
+- feature-extraction
+language:
+- en
+tags:
+- certificates
+- machine identity
+- security
+size_categories:
+- 10M<n<100M
+pretty_name: Machine Identity Spectra Dataset
+configs:
+  - config_name: sample_data
+    data_files: Data/CertificateFeatures-sample.parquet
+---
+
+# Machine Identity Spectra Dataset
+<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/Venafi/Machine-Identity-Spectra/resolve/main/VExperimentalSpectra.svg" alt="Spectra Dataset" width="250">
+
+## Summary
+Venafi is excited to release of the Machine Identity Spectra large dataset. 
+This collection of data contains extracted features from 19m+ certificates discovered over HTTPS (port 443) on the 
+public internet between July 20 and July 26, 2023.
+The features are a combination of X.509 certificate features, RFC5280 compliance checks, 
+and other attributes intended to be used for clustering, features analysis, and a base for supervised learning tasks (labels not included).
+Some rows may contain nan values as well and as such could require additional pre-processing for certain tasks.
+
+This project is part of Venafi Athena. Venafi is committed to enabling the data science community to increase the adoption of machine learning techniques 
+to identify machine identity threats and solutions. 
+Phillip Maraveyias at Venafi is the lead researcher for this dataset. 
+
+## Data Structure
+The extracted features are contained in the Data folder as certificateFeatures.csv.gz. The unarchived data size is 
+approximately 10GB and contains 98 extracted features for approximately 19m certificates. A description of the features
+and expected data types is contained in the base folder as features.csv.
+
+The Data folder also contains a 500k row sample of the data in parquet format. This is  displayed in the Data Viewer 
+for easy visual inspection of the dataset.
+
+## Clustering and PCA Example
+
+To demonstrate a potential use of the data, clustering and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were 
+conducted on the binary data features in the dataset. 10 clusters were generated and PCA conducted with the top 3 components preserved.
+
+KMeans clustering was performed to generate a total of 10 clusters. In this case we are primarily 
+interested in visualizing the data and understanding better how it may be used, so the choice of 10 clusters is mostly
+for illustrative purposes.
+
+The top three PCA components accounted for approximately 61%, 10%, and 6% of the total explained variance
+(for a total of 77% of the overall data variance). Plots of the first 2 components in 2D space and top 3 components in 
+3D space grouped into the 10 clusters are shown below.
+
+### Clusters in 2 Dimensions
+![](ClusterAnalysis/clusters2d.png)
+
+### Clusters in 3 Dimensions
+![](ClusterAnalysis/clusters3d.png)
+
+## Contact
+Please contact athena-community@venafi.com if you have any questions about this dataset.
+
+## References and Acknowledgement
+The following papers provided inspiration for this project:
+- Li, J.; Zhang, Z.; Guo, C. Machine Learning-Based Malicious X.509 Certificates’ Detection. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 2164. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/app11052164
+- Liu, J.; Luktarhan, N.; Chang, Y.; Yu, W. Malcertificate: Research and Implementation of a Malicious Certificate Detection Algorithm Based on GCN. Appl. Sci. 2022,12,4440. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/app12094440

features.csv

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+feature,description,type
+fingerprint,SHA1 figerprint of certificate,hex string
+version,x.509 version,string
+serial,certificate serial number,hex string
+serial_number_not_conforming,RFC5280 serial number compliance,boolean
+issuer,certificate issuer,string
+commonName,certificate common name,string
+sigHashAlg,certificate signature hash algorithm,string
+sigAlg,certificate signature algorithm,string
+notBefore,certificate not before (issuance) date,datetime string
+notAfter,certificate not after (expiration) date,datetime string
+after_smaller_than_before,expiration date before issuance date,boolean
+validTimeDays,validity time in days,int
+extCount,number of extensions,int
+basicConstraints_is_critical,basic constraint extension is critical,boolean
+basicConstraints_is_exist,basic constraint extension is set,boolean
+is_ca,ca extension is set,boolean
+path_length,path length,int
+subjectKeyIdentifier_is_critical,subect key identifier extension is critical,boolean
+subjectKeyIdentifier_is_exist,subect key identifier extension is set,boolean
+subjectKeyIdentifier,suject key identifier value,hex string
+authorityKeyIdentifier_is_critical,authority key identifier extension is critical,boolean
+authorityKeyIdentifier_is_exist,authority key identifier extension is set,boolean
+subjectAltName_is_critical,subject alternative name extension is critical,boolean
+subjectAltName_is_exist,subject alternative name extension is set,boolean
+subjectAltName_count,count of subject alternative names,int
+subjectAltName,subject alternative names,csv of strings
+Unknown OID_is_critical,unknown oid extension is critical,boolean
+Unknown OID_is_exist,unknown oid extension is set,boolean
+keyUsage_is_critical,key usage extension is critical,boolean
+keyUsage_is_exist,key usage extension is set,boolean
+digital_signature,digital signature key usage is set],boolean
+content_commitment,content commitment key usage is set,boolean
+key_encipherment,key encipherment key usage is set,boolean
+data_encipherment,data encipherment key usage is set,boolean
+key_agreement,key agreement key usage is set,boolean
+key_cert_sign,key cert signing key usage is set,boolean
+crl_sign,crl signing key usage is set,boolean
+encipher_only,encipher only key usage is set,boolean
+key_usage_mismatch,mismatch between key usage and other extensions,boolean
+decipher_only,decipher only key usage is set,boolean
+extendedKeyUsage_is_critical,extended key usage extension is critical,boolean
+extendedKeyUsage_is_exist,extended key usage extension is set,boolean
+serverAuth,server authentication eku is set,boolean
+clientAuth,client authentication eku is set,boolean
+parseError,parsing error in certificate,boolean
+countryName,certificate country name,string
+country_name_not_conforming,RFC5280 country name not conforming,boolean
+stateOrProvinceName,certificate state or province,string
+localityName,certificate locality,string
+organizationName,certificate organization name,string
+organizationalUnitName,certificate organizational unit,string
+emailAddress,certificate email address,string
+path_length_mismatch,path length mismatch with ca setting,boolean
+authorityInfoAccess_is_critical,authority information access extension is critical,boolean
+authorityInfoAccess_is_exist,authority information access extension is set,boolean
+certificatePolicies_is_critical,certificate policies extenstion is critical,boolean
+certificatePolicies_is_exist,certificate policies extenstion is set,boolean
+unknown_certificatePolicy_oid,certificate policy id is unknown,boolean
+signedCertificateTimestampList_is_critical,signed certificate timestamp list extension is critical,boolean
+signedCertificateTimestampList_is_exist,signed certificate timestamp list extension is set,boolean
+cRLDistributionPoints_is_critical,crl distribution points extension is critical,boolean
+cRLDistributionPoints_is_exist,crl distribution points extension is set,boolean
+unstructuredName,certificate unstructured name ,string
+businessCategory,certificate business categroy ,string
+serialNumber,certificate serial number,string
+jurisdictionCountryName,certificate jurisdiction country name ,string
+streetAddress,certificate street address,string
+Unknown OID,unknown oid value,string
+msCertificateTemplate_is_critical,ms certificate template extension is critical,boolean
+msCertificateTemplate_is_exist,ms certificate template extension is set,boolean
+codeSigning,code signing eku,boolean
+timeStamping,time stamping eku,boolean
+emailProtection,email protection eku,boolean
+OCSPSigning,ocsp signing eku,boolean
+domainComponent,certificate domain component ,string
+issuerAltName_is_critical,issuer alternative name extension is critical,boolean
+issuerAltName_is_exist,issuer alternative name extension is set,boolean
+surname,certificate surname,string
+jurisdictionStateOrProvinceName,certificate jurisdiction state or province name ,string
+postalCode,certificate postal code,string
+TLSFeature_is_critical,tls feature extension is critical,boolean
+TLSFeature_is_exist,tls feature extension is set,boolean
+dnQualifier,certificate dn qualifier,string
+jurisdictionLocalityName,certificate jurisdiction locality name,string
+title,certificate title,string
+givenName,certificate given name,string
+pseudonym,certificate pseudonym,string
+generationQualifier,certificate generation qualifier,string
+OCSPNoCheck_is_critical,ocsp no check extension is critical,boolean
+OCSPNoCheck_is_exist,ocsp no check extension is set,boolean
+freshestCRL_is_critical,freshest crl extension is critical,boolean
+freshestCRL_is_exist,freshest crl extension is set,boolean
+subjectDirectoryAttributes_is_critical,subject directory attributes extension is critical ,boolean
+subjectDirectoryAttributes_is_exist,subject directory attributes extension is set ,boolean
+userID,certificate user id,string
+msSmartcardLogin,ms smartcard login is set,boolean
+pkInitKDC,kerberos pki kdc is set,boolean
+x500UniqueIdentifier,x500 unique identifier attribute,string