Split (3)

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	What is the capital of Rhode Island?	[ "Cleveland", "Providence", "Harrisburg", "Augusta" ]	1		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Northeast		Providence is the capital of Rhode Island.
	What can Miguel and Estelle trade to each get what they want?	[ "Miguel can trade his tomatoes for Estelle's broccoli.", "Miguel can trade his tomatoes for Estelle's sandwich.", "Estelle can trade her broccoli for Miguel's oranges.", "Estelle can trade her almonds for Miguel's tomatoes." ]	0	Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another. Miguel and Estelle open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Miguel wante...	closed choice	grade6	social science	economics	Basic economic principles	Trade and specialization		Miguel wanted broccoli in his lunch and Estelle was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images. Miguel has tomatoes. Estelle has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want.
	Which property do these four objects have in common?	[ "shiny", "rough", "flexible" ]	0	Select the best answer.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of objects	An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects...	Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. The shield is not flexible. A shiny object reflects a lot of light. You can usually see your reflection in a shiny object. All four objects are shiny. A rough object feels scratchy when...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?	[ "When Zoe researched Dachshunds, it said that they can be short-haired, wire-haired, or long-haired.", "When Zoe researched Dachshunds, the breed standard said that they can be short-haired, wire-haired, or long-haired." ]	0		closed choice	grade10	language science	writing-strategies	Pronouns	Identify vague pronoun references	When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent. When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief. The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear. Vagu...	The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it is used without its antecedent. The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the breed standard. When Zoe researched Dachshunds, the breed standard said that they can be short-ha...
Not supported with pagination yet	Is the following trait inherited or acquired? Jason can play the xylophone.	[ "acquired", "inherited" ]	0	Hint: Playing an instrument well takes practice.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	biology	Heredity	Identify inherited and acquired traits	Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways. Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned. Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif...	People are not born knowing how to play the xylophone. Instead, some people learn how to play. So, playing the xylophone is an acquired trait.
	Which animal's skin is better adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth?	[ "fantastic leaf-tailed gecko", "nine-banded armadillo" ]	1	Ground pangolins are adapted to defend their bodies against a predator with sharp teeth. They have hard scales covering much of their skin. When frightened, the can roll into a ball to protect the soft parts of its body. Figure: ground pangolin.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	biology	Adaptations	Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings	An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal...	Look at the picture of the ground pangolin. The ground pangolin has hard scales on its skin. Its skin is adapted for protection against a predator with sharp teeth. The scales make it difficult for predators to hurt or kill the ground pangolin. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. ...
	What can Grace and Ariana trade to each get what they want?	[ "Ariana can trade her almonds for Grace's tomatoes.", "Grace can trade her tomatoes for Ariana's carrots.", "Ariana can trade her broccoli for Grace's oranges.", "Grace can trade her tomatoes for Ariana's broccoli." ]	3	Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another. Grace and Ariana open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Grace nor Ariana got everything that they wanted. The ta...	closed choice	grade7	social science	economics	Basic economic principles	Trade and specialization		Look at the table and images. Grace wants broccoli. Ariana wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.
Not supported with pagination yet	Complete the sentence. Roasting a marshmallow over a campfire is a ().	[ "chemical change", "physical change" ]	0		closed choice	grade5	natural science	chemistry	Physical and chemical change	Compare physical and chemical changes	Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule. In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an...	Roasting a marshmallow is a chemical change. The type of matter on the outside of the marshmallow changes. As a marshmallow is roasted, it turns brown and crispy.
	What is the capital of Connecticut?	[ "New Haven", "Hartford", "Philadelphia", "Montpelier" ]	1		closed choice	grade4	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Northeast		Hartford is the capital of Connecticut.
	Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad?	[ "ethos (character)", "logos (reason)", "pathos (emotion)" ]	1		closed choice	grade12	language science	writing-strategies	Persuasive strategies	Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements	The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals. Appeals to ethos, or character, show the writer or speaker as trustworthy, authoritative, or sharing important values with the audience. An ad that appe...	The ad appeals to logos, or reason, by citing data that proves the face wash's effectiveness.
	What is the capital of Washington?	[ "Boston", "Albany", "Olympia", "Spokane" ]	2		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the West		Olympia is the capital of Washington.
	Based on the timeline, which of the following statements is true?	[ "Other civilizations existed at the same time as the Aztec.", "The Aztec civilization lasted longer than the Maya civilization.", "The Aztec were the only civilization to exist in the early Americas." ]	0	The Aztec were a people who created one of the most powerful civilizations in the early Americas. Historians call this civilization the Aztec Empire. Look at the timeline. Then answer the question below.	closed choice	grade6	social science	world-history	Early Americas	Foundations of Aztec civilization
Not supported with pagination yet	Which figure of speech is used in this text? Tear it down, my wife said. Tear it down, my friends said. Tear it down, the neighbors said. But I did not tear it down; I renovated that shed and made it my own personal music studio.	[ "apostrophe", "anaphora" ]	1		closed choice	grade11	language science	figurative-language	Literary devices	Classify the figure of speech: anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance, chiasmus, understatement	Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive. Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses. We are united. We are powerful. We are winners. Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id...	The text uses anaphora, the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses. The words tear it down are repeated at the beginning of each sentence.
Not supported with pagination yet	Using only these supplies, which question can Addison investigate with an experiment?	[ "Does a rubber inner tube sled or a plastic sled go faster down a hill?", "Does a rubber inner tube sled go faster down a small hill or down a big hill?", "Does a plastic sled or a wooden sled go down a hill faster?" ]	0	Addison is sledding with her friends. She notices that some of them go faster down the sledding hill. She wonders what factors affect sledding speed. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available: access to a small snow-covered hill at the park a small plastic sled a large plastic sl...	closed choice	grade8	natural science	science-and-engineering-practices	Designing experiments	Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials	Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment. Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro...
Not supported with pagination yet	Is this a sentence fragment? In the early 1800s, yellow fever, a viral disease spread by mosquitoes, not by unsanitary conditions as was believed at the time.	[ "no", "yes" ]	1		yes or no	grade12	language science	writing-strategies	Sentences, fragments, and run-ons	Identify sentence fragments	A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks. A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks. This fragment is missing a subjec...	This is a sentence fragment. It does not express a complete thought. In the early 1800 s, yellow fever, a viral disease spread by mosquitoes, not by unsanitary conditions as was believed at the time. Here is one way to fix the sentence fragment: In the early 1800 s, yellow fever, a viral disease, was spread by mosquito...
	Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2.", "The magnetic force is weaker in Pair 1.", "The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs." ]	0	The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Magnets	Compare strengths of magnetic forces	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other. You c...	Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are farther apart, the magnetic force between them is weaker. The magnets in Pair 2 are farther apart than the magnets in Pair 1. So, the magnetic force is weaker in Pair 2 than in Pair 1.
	Which country is highlighted?	[ "Cuba", "Haiti", "the Dominican Republic", "Jamaica" ]	1		closed choice	grade6	social science	geography	The Americas: geography	Identify and select countries of the Caribbean		This country is Haiti. Does Haiti have any territorial disputes? Haiti claims to own Navassa Island, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them. Navassa Island is also claimed by the United States. The United States claimed the island in 18...
	During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().	[ "the surroundings . . . each refrigerator", "each refrigerator . . . the surroundings" ]	0	Two identical refrigerators in a restaurant kitchen lost power. The door of one fridge was slightly open, and the door of the other fridge was closed. This table shows how the temperature of each refrigerator changed over 10minutes.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	physics	Thermal energy	Compare thermal energy transfers	A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy: An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings. A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th...	The temperature of each refrigerator increased, which means that the thermal energy of each refrigerator increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each refrigerator.
Not supported with pagination yet	Is the following statement true or false? Animal cells do not have cytoplasm.	[ "true", "false" ]	1		true-or false	grade4	natural science	biology	Cells	Cell part functions: true or false		Animal cells do not have cytoplasm. This statement is false. All cells have cytoplasm. The cytoplasm fills and maintains the space inside the cell.
Not supported with pagination yet	Select the invertebrate.	[ "lionfish", "penguin", "julia butterfly", "grizzly bear" ]	2	Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms are invertebrates.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	biology	Classification	Identify vertebrates and invertebrates	Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals. A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange. An invertebrate does not have a backb...	A lionfish is a fish. Like other fish, a lionfish is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A penguin is a bird. Like other birds, a penguin is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A grizzly bear is a mammal. Like other mammals, a grizzly bear is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A julia butterfly is an insect. Like other insects...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which logical fallacy is used in the text? If you don't do tonight's homework, it'll become a habit, and eventually you'll end up at a dead-end job.	[ "guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something", "slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences", "bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct" ]	1		closed choice	grade10	language science	writing-strategies	Developing and supporting arguments	Classify logical fallacies	A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions. A logical fal...	The text argues that not doing tonight's homework will lead to a dead-end job. However, this argument only offers one extreme and unlikely outcome. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the slippery slope fallacy.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which would stretch more?	[ "cotton head band", "wax crayons" ]	0		closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of materials	Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.	Stretchy is a property. A stretchy material gets longer when you pull on it. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pulling on the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the cotton head band would stretch more. If you pull the ends of a cotton headband, it will get longer.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which type of sentence is this? An avid reader, Logan attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month.	[ "compound", "simple", "compound-complex", "complex" ]	0		closed choice	grade10	language science	grammar	Phrases and clauses	Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex?	A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate. An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence. the oranges on our tree are ripe The clause can stand alon...	The sentence is compound. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction and. An avid reader, Logan attends weekly book club meetings, and he finishes several novels every month.
Not supported with pagination yet	Using only these supplies, which question can Molly investigate with an experiment?	[ "Does the basketball bounce higher on a lawn or on a dirt path?", "Does the basketball bounce higher on gravel or on grass?", "Do larger basketballs bounce higher than smaller basketballs on a brick patio?" ]	1	Molly gets a basketball for her birthday and dribbles it around her neighborhood. She notices that sometimes the ball bounces higher than other times. She wonders what factors affect how high her ball bounces. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available: one basketball access to a ...	closed choice	grade6	natural science	science-and-engineering-practices	Designing experiments	Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials	Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment. Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro...
	Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?	[ "The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.", "The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2." ]	0	The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	physics	Velocity, acceleration, and forces	Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,...	Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magnitude of the magnetic force between them is smaller. There is a greater distance between the magnets in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1 than in Pair 2.
	Which country is highlighted?	[ "New Zealand", "Samoa", "Kiribati", "Tonga" ]	1		closed choice	grade7	social science	geography	Oceania: geography	Identify and select countries of Oceania		This country is Samoa.
	Select the organism in the same genus as the great gray owl.	[ "Larus occidentalis", "Cyanocitta stelleri", "Strix varia" ]	2	This organism is a great gray owl. Its scientific name is Strix nebulosa.	closed choice	grade6	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Use scientific names to classify organisms	Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...	A great gray owl's scientific name is Strix nebulosa. The first word of its scientific name is Strix. Cyanocitta stelleri is in the genus Cyanocitta. The first word of its scientific name is Cyanocitta. So, Cyanocitta stelleri and Strix nebulosa are not in the same genus. Larus occidentalis is in the genus Larus. The f...
Not supported with pagination yet	Based on this information, what is Arrow's genotype for the fur length gene?	[ "short fur", "Ff" ]	1	In a group of dogs, some individuals have short fur and others have long fur. In this group, the gene for the fur length trait has two alleles. The allele F is for short fur, and the allele f is for long fur. Arrow, a dog from this group, has short fur. Arrow has one allele for short fur and one allele for long fur.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype	All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ...	An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Arrow has one allele for short fur (F) and one allele for long fur (f). So, Arrow's genotype for the fur length gene is Ff.
	What is the capital of Iowa?	[ "Cedar Rapids", "Davenport", "Springfield", "Des Moines" ]	3		closed choice	grade3	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Midwest		Des Moines is the capital of Iowa.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which sentence states a fact?	[ "Scott O'Dell's Island of the Blue Dolphins, which is about a girl named Karana, is a beautiful novel.", "Island of the Blue Dolphins is based on the true story of a girl stranded on an island for eighteen years." ]	1		closed choice	grade6	language science	writing-strategies	Developing and supporting arguments	Distinguish facts from opinions	A fact is something that can be proved by research or observation. Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI. The statement above is a fact. The statement can be proved by researching the height of each man and comparing them. An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot ...	The second sentence states a fact. Island of the Blue Dolphins is based on the true story of a girl stranded on an island for eighteen years. It can be proved by reading the information on the book jacket. The first sentence states an opinion. Scott O'Dell's Island of the Blue Dolphins, which is about a girl named Kara...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which closing is correct for a letter?	[ "Best regards,\nEmmy", "best regards,\nEmmy" ]	0		closed choice	grade4	language science	punctuation	Formatting	Greetings and closings of letters	A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue. Dear Aunt Sue, I'm glad you could come to my party, and thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have asked for a better one! Every time I...	The first closing is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.
Not supported with pagination yet	Is directing traffic a good or a service?	[ "a service", "a good" ]	0		closed choice	grade2	social science	economics	Economics	Goods and services	Everything you can buy is either a good or a service. A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good. A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service.	To decide whether directing traffic is a good or a service, ask these questions: Is directing traffic something you can touch? No. Is directing traffic a job you might pay someone else to do? Yes. So, directing traffic is a service.
Not supported with pagination yet	Using only these supplies, which question can Paul investigate with an experiment?	[ "Do watercolor paintings dry faster when placed next to a fan?", "Do watercolor paintings dry faster when they are placed inside or outside?", "Does a large watercolor painting or a small watercolor painting dry faster?" ]	1	Paul is painting watercolor pictures with his friend. An hour after they have finished, Paul notices one painting is dry but the other is not. He wonders what factors affect how quickly watercolor paintings dry. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available: two freshly painted waterco...	closed choice	grade8	natural science	science-and-engineering-practices	Designing experiments	Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials	Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment. Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro...
Not supported with pagination yet	Select the mixture.	[ "dill pickles", "carbon" ]	0		closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Mixtures	Identify mixtures	A pure substance is made of only one type of matter. A mixture is made of two or more types of matter mixed together.
	Which term matches the picture?	[ "fibrous roots", "taproot" ]	1	Read the text. Plants have different kinds of roots. Some plants, like grasses, have a mass of small roots, called fibrous roots. These roots usually don't go very deep. Instead, they spread from side to side, which helps plants like grasses cover more space. Other plants, like many root vegetables, have taproots. A ta...	closed choice	grade6	language science	vocabulary	Context clues	Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures		A taproot is a large main root. Beets, like carrots and other root vegetables, have taproots.
Not supported with pagination yet	What is the volume of a water bottle?	[ "2 cups", "2 gallons", "2 fluid ounces" ]	0	Select the best estimate.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	units-and-measurement	Units and measurement	Choose customary units of volume	Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means. Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up. There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,...	The best estimate for the volume of a water bottle is 2 cups. 2 fluid ounces is too little and 2 gallons is too much.
Not supported with pagination yet	How long is a paintbrush?	[ "30 meters", "30 centimeters" ]	1	Select the better estimate.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	units-and-measurement	Units and measurement	Choose metric units of distance	Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means. Imagine being told that a pencil is 16 long. You might be thinking, 16 what? Is the pencil 16 centimeters long? 16 meters? 16 kilometers? The number 16 on its own does not give you much informa...	The better estimate for the length of a paintbrush is 30 centimeters. 30 meters is too long.
	Which property do these three objects have in common?	[ "flexible", "hard", "fragile" ]	0	Select the best answer.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of objects	An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.	Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The stuffed rabbit and the leisure suit are not hard. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. All three objects are flexible. A fragile object will break into piec...
	What is the capital of Arizona?	[ "Phoenix", "Cheyenne", "Oklahoma City", "Tucson" ]	0		closed choice	grade3	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the West		Phoenix is the capital of Arizona.
	Which of these continents does the equator intersect?	[ "Africa", "North America", "Antarctica" ]	0		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	Maps	Use lines of latitude and longitude	Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps. Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit...	The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect North America or Antarctica.
	Is a bean a solid, a liquid, or a gas?	[ "a liquid", "a solid", "a gas" ]	1		closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	States of matter	Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas	Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a...	A bean is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. If you put many beans into a jar, the group of beans will take the shape of the jar, as a liquid would. But be careful! A bean is not a liquid. Each bean still has a size and shape of its own.
	Will these magnets attract or repel each other?	[ "attract", "repel" ]	0	Two magnets are placed as shown. Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart.	closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Magnets	Identify magnets that attract or repel	Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south. Here are some examples of magnets....	Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
	What is the capital of Hawaii?	[ "Hilo", "Salt Lake City", "Knoxville", "Honolulu" ]	3		closed choice	grade3	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the West		Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii.
	During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().	[ "the surroundings . . . each bottle", "each bottle . . . the surroundings" ]	0	Two bottles of soda were sitting on a porch on a hot day. The two bottles were identical, except that one bottle was made of brown glass and one bottle was made of clear glass. This table shows how the temperature of each bottle changed over 25minutes.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	physics	Thermal energy	Compare thermal energy transfers	A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy: An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings. A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th...	The temperature of each bottle increased, which means that the thermal energy of each bottle increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each bottle.
Not supported with pagination yet	Would you find the word grunt on a dictionary page with the following guide words? generous - glitter	[ "yes", "no" ]	1		yes or no	grade5	language science	reference-skills	Reference skills	Use guide words	Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let...	Put the words in alphabetical order. Since grunt is not between the guide words generous - glitter, it would not be found on that page.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which tense does the sentence use? For Thanksgiving, Mom will cook a turkey.	[ "past tense", "present tense", "future tense" ]	2		closed choice	grade4	language science	verbs	Verb tense	Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense?	Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now. Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es. Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms. Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened. Mo...	The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, cook. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
	Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad?	[ "pathos (emotion)", "ethos (character)", "logos (reason)" ]	1		closed choice	grade7	language science	writing-strategies	Persuasive strategies	Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements	The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals: Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one...	The ad appeals to ethos, or character. It includes a recommendation from someone famous or admired (actress).
	What is the capital of Florida?	[ "Nashville", "Orlando", "Tallahassee", "Jefferson City" ]	2		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Southeast		Tallahassee is the capital of Florida.
Not supported with pagination yet	Select the invertebrate.	[ "diving beetle", "blue jay", "harvest mouse", "komodo dragon" ]	0	Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms are invertebrates.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	biology	Classification	Identify vertebrates and invertebrates	Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals. A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange. An invertebrate does not have a backb...	A diving beetle is an insect. Like other insects, a diving beetle is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton. A harvest mouse is a mammal. Like other mammals, a harvest mouse is a vertebrate. It has a backbone. A blue jay is a bird. Like other birds, a blue jay is a vertebrate. It has a back...
Not supported with pagination yet	What is the mass of a fly?	[ "1 gram", "1 kilogram" ]	0	Select the better estimate.	closed choice	grade4	natural science	units-and-measurement	Units and measurement	Choose metric units of mass	Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means. Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains. There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms. There...	The better estimate for the mass of a fly is 1 gram. 1 kilogram is too heavy.
Not supported with pagination yet	Select the animal that has a backbone.	[ "goldfish", "castor bean tick" ]	0	Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians all have backbones.	closed choice	grade2	natural science	biology	Classification	Identify animals with and without backbones	Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange. Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho...	A castor bean tick is an insect. Like other insects, a castor bean tick does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover. A goldfish is a fish. Like other fish, a goldfish has a backbone.
	Which type of relationship is formed when protists live in a termite's gut?	[ "mutualistic", "parasitic", "commensal" ]	0	Read the passage. Then answer the question. Termites are small insects that eat wood. But they cannot completely digest the wood on their own. To help digest the wood, some termites rely on organisms called protists that live in their guts. These protists are microscopic, or too small to see without the aid of a micro...	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Ecological interactions	Classify symbiotic relationships	When two organisms of different species interact in a way that affects one or both organisms, they form a symbiotic relationship. The word symbiosis comes from a Greek word that means living together. Scientists define types of symbiotic relationships based on how each organism is affected. This table lists three commo...	When protists live in a termite's gut, they get nutrients and energy from the wood the termite eats. So, the protists benefit from their relationship with the termite. The termite is not able to use wood as food without the protists. So, the termite also benefits from its relationship with the protists. Since both the ...
	Which country is highlighted?	[ "Dominica", "the Dominican Republic", "Antigua and Barbuda", "Haiti" ]	0		closed choice	grade8	social science	geography	The Americas: geography	Identify and select countries of the Caribbean		This country is Dominica.
	Is an ice cube a solid, a liquid, or a gas?	[ "a liquid", "a solid", "a gas" ]	1		closed choice	grade4	natural science	physics	States of matter	Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases	Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms. When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own. Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a...	An ice cube is a solid. Ice cubes can melt. But when an ice cube is frozen, it has a size and shape of its own.
	Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?	[ "sample B", "neither; the samples have the same temperature", "sample A" ]	1	The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	physics	Particle motion and energy	Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure	The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance. The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of...	Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, and the particles in both samples have the same average speed. So, the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy. Because the particles in both samples have the same average kinetic energy, the samples must have the same temperature.
	Is the following statement about our solar system true or false? Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.	[ "false", "true" ]	1	Use the data to answer the question below.	true-or false	grade8	natural science	earth-science	Astronomy	Analyze data to compare properties of planets	A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet. The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation. For ex...	The table tells you that Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the planets made mainly of rock. Of these planets, Earth has the volume with the largest exponent. So, Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which figure of speech is used in this text? At twenty-one, Tyler felt overwhelmed with adult responsibilities and wished he could fly off to Neverland.	[ "onomatopoeia", "allusion" ]	1		closed choice	grade8	language science	figurative-language	Literary devices	Classify figures of speech	Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive. Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words. What a lucky little lady you are! An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his...	The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known. Neverland alludes to the story of Peter Pan, a boy who lived in Neverland and never grew up.
	Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles?	[ "Solution B", "Solution A", "neither; their concentrations are the same" ]	1	The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute.	closed choice	grade6	natural science	chemistry	Solutions	Compare concentrations of solutions	A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution...	In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container. Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter. ...
Not supported with pagination yet	Compare the motion of three ducks. Which duck was moving at the lowest speed?	[ "a duck that moved 320kilometers east in 5hours", "a duck that moved 435kilometers east in 5hours", "a duck that moved 470kilometers north in 5hours" ]	0		closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Force and motion	Compare the speeds of moving objects	An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time. Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer. Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour. Think about objects mov...	Look at the distance each duck moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each duck moved does not affect its speed. Notice that each duck moved for 5 hours. The duck that moved 320 kilometers moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that duck must have moved at the lowest speed.
	Select the organism in the same genus as the Canada lynx.	[ "Lynx canadensis", "Dendrobates leucomelas", "Castor canadensis" ]	0	This organism is a Canada lynx. Its scientific name is Lynx canadensis.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Use scientific names to classify organisms	Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...	A Canada lynx's scientific name is Lynx canadensis. The first word of its scientific name is Lynx. Castor canadensis and Lynx canadensis are not in the same genus. These organisms are not in the same genus, but part of their scientific names is the same. Castor canadensis and Lynx canadensis have the same species name ...
	Complete the sentence. The Alpine Fault formed at a () boundary.	[ "convergent", "transform", "divergent" ]	1	Read the passage and look at the picture. The Alpine Fault runs the length of New Zealand’s South Island, marking a boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. As the two plates slide past each other, the Pacific Plate is being pushed up higher than the Indo-Australian Plate. So, the mountains abo...	closed choice	grade8	natural science	earth-science	Plate tectonics	Describe tectonic plate boundaries around the world	The outer layer of Earth is broken up into many pieces called tectonic plates, or simply plates. The breaks between plates are called plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are classified by the way the plates are moving relative to each other: At a convergent boundary, two plates are moving toward each other. At a diverge...	To figure out what type of plate boundary formed the Alpine Fault, you need to know how the tectonic plates interacted. To find this out, read the passage carefully. The Alpine Fault runs the length of New Zealand’s South Island, marking a boundary between the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. As the two pla...
Not supported with pagination yet	Select the phase of the Moon shown in the model.	[ "full", "first quarter" ]	1	The model below shows the Moon at one position in its orbit around Earth. The white half of the Moon shows the part that is lit up by the Sun.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	earth-science	Astronomy	Identify phases of the Moon	Although the Moon appears to shine, it does not give off light. Instead, we can see the Moon because it is lit up by the Sun. The part of the Moon that is both lit up by the Sun and facing Earth is called the Moon's phase. The Moon orbits, or goes around, Earth. As it does, the Moon's phase changes. The model below sho...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which logical fallacy is used in the text? Adele never lies. She told me herself, so it must be true.	[ "circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself", "hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence" ]	0		closed choice	grade6	language science	writing-strategies	Developing and supporting arguments	Classify logical fallacies	A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions. A logical fal...	The text argues that Adele is telling the truth because she says she never lies. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning.
	Which material is this basketball jersey made of?	[ "polyester", "porcelain" ]	0		closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Materials	Identify materials in objects	A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.	Look at the picture of the basketball jersey. The basketball jersey is made of polyester. Polyester is a strong and light synthetic fabric. Synthetic materials are created by people. Polyester can be woven into materials to make clothes or even seat belts! It can also be used as stuffing in pillows and furniture.
	What is the probability that a fruit fly produced by this cross will be homozygous dominant for the eye color gene?	[ "2/4", "0/4", "4/4", "1/4", "3/4" ]	0	In a group of fruit flies, some individuals have red eyes and others have brown eyes. In this group, the gene for the eye color trait has two alleles. The allele for red eyes (E) is dominant over the allele for brown eyes (e). This Punnett square shows a cross between two fruit flies.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types	Offspring genotypes: homozygous or heterozygous? How do you determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for a gene? Look at the alleles in the organism's genotype for that gene. An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. If both alleles are dominant, the organism is h...
Not supported with pagination yet	According to Newton's third law, what other force must be happening?	[ "The wheelchair is pulling on Danny.", "The wheelchair is pushing on Danny." ]	1	Isaac Newton was born in the 1600s and studied how objects move. He discovered three fundamental laws about forces and motion. According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force. Consider the following force: Danny is pushing on his friend's wheelchair.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	physics	Velocity, acceleration, and forces	Predict forces using Newton's third law	According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force. This means that if one object is applying a force on a second object, the second object must also be applying a force on the first object, but in the opposite direction. For example, if your hand is pushing down on a table, the tabl...	Danny is pushing on the wheelchair. So, Newton's third law tells you that the wheelchair is pushing on Danny.
	Which animal's feet are also adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces?	[ "monitor lizard", "Costa Rica brook frog" ]	1	House geckos are found in most warm places around the world. Many s live inside people's houses. They are good at climbing walls and ceilings. The feet of the are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. Figure: house gecko.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	biology	Adaptations	Animal adaptations: feet and limbs	An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors. The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m...	Look at the picture of the house gecko. The house gecko has wide, sticky toes. Its feet are adapted for sticking to smooth surfaces. The house gecko uses its toes to walk on the smooth surfaces of leaves without slipping. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The Costa Rica brook fr...
	Which statement describes the Tibetan Plateau ecosystem?	[ "It has dry, thin soil that is rich in nutrients.", "It has many evergreen trees.", "It has mostly small plants." ]	2	Figure: Tibetan Plateau. The Tibetan Plateau is a tundra ecosystem located in Tibet, western China, and northern India. The plateau is over 14,800 feet high and is surrounded by many mountain ranges.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	biology	Ecosystems	Describe ecosystems	An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment. There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri...	A tundra is a type of ecosystem. Tundras have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cold summers, soil that is frozen year-round, and mostly small plants. So, the following statement describes the Tibetan Plateau ecosystem: long, cold winters and short, cold summers, soil that is frozen year-round, and ...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which is harder?	[ "plastic slide", "cotton head band" ]	0		closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of materials	Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy. For examp...	Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger. Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture. Of the choices, the plastic slide is harder. A plastic slide does not change shape when you slide down it.
	Select the organism in the same genus as the pink-backed pelican.	[ "Bubo scandiacus", "Pelecanus rufescens", "Falco sparverius" ]	1	This organism is a pink-backed pelican. Its scientific name is Pelecanus rufescens.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Use scientific names to classify organisms	Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...	A pink-backed pelican's scientific name is Pelecanus rufescens. The first word of its scientific name is Pelecanus. Falco sparverius is in the genus Falco. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. So, Falco sparverius and Pelecanus rufescens are not in the same genus. This organism and the pink-backed pelican ar...
	Which property do these three objects have in common?	[ "colorful", "stretchy", "transparent" ]	0	Select the best answer.	closed choice	grade4	natural science	physics	Materials	Compare properties of objects	An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects...	Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. You can see clearly through a transparent object. The candy sprinkles and the parachute are not transparent. A colorful object has one or more bright colors. All three objects are colorful. A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. The socks...
Not supported with pagination yet	What do these two changes have in common? acid rain weathering a marble statue deep-frying chicken	[ "Both are caused by heating.", "Both are only physical changes.", "Both are chemical changes.", "Both are caused by cooling." ]	2		closed choice	grade7	natural science	chemistry	Chemical reactions	Compare physical and chemical changes	Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule. In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef...	Step 1: Think about each change. Acid rain weathering a marble statue is a chemical change. The acid rain reacts with the outside of the statue and breaks it down into a different type of matter. This new matter is then washed away by the rain. Acid rain is a type of pollution. It forms when smoke from automobiles and ...
	What is the name of the colony shown?	[ "Maine", "Rhode Island", "Connecticut", "Florida" ]	2		closed choice	grade4	social science	us-history	English colonies in North America	Identify the Thirteen Colonies		The colony is Connecticut.
	What is the capital of North Dakota?	[ "Topeka", "Bismarck", "Fargo", "Springfield" ]	1		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Midwest		Bismarck is the capital of North Dakota.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which logical fallacy is used in the text? My favorite band signed with this huge record label, and then their next album was terrible. Basically, signing with a big label ruined their music.	[ "circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself", "appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good", "false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other" ]	2		closed choice	grade12	language science	writing-strategies	Developing and supporting arguments	Classify logical fallacies	A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions. A logical fal...	The text argues that the band's music was ruined because they signed with a big record label. However, this isn't necessarily true. For instance, the causation could go the other way: the band's music changed, which led to a big record label signing them. In this case, the change in the music came first. This illustrat...
Not supported with pagination yet	Based on this information, what is Ringo's phenotype for the fur texture trait?	[ "straight fur", "wavy fur" ]	0	In a group of Syrian hamsters, some individuals have straight fur and others have wavy fur. In this group, the gene for the fur texture trait has two alleles. The allele for straight fur (F) is dominant over the allele for wavy fur (f). Ringo is a Syrian hamster from this group. Ringo has the heterozygous genotype Ff f...	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive	All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ...	You need to determine Ringo's phenotype for the fur texture trait. First, consider the alleles in Ringo's genotype for the fur texture gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for straight fur (F) is dominant over the allele for wavy fur (f). This means F is a dominant allele, and ...
	What is the capital of Rhode Island?	[ "Providence", "Milwaukee", "Raleigh", "Boston" ]	0		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Northeast		Providence is the capital of Rhode Island.
	What is the capital of North Carolina?	[ "Charlotte", "Raleigh", "Frankfort", "Jefferson City" ]	1		closed choice	grade4	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Southeast		Raleigh is the capital of North Carolina.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which letter opening is more formal?	[ "Dear Fred,", "Dear Mr. Robinson," ]	1		closed choice	grade11	language science	writing-strategies	Audience, purpose, and tone	Which text is most formal?	Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions. Formal writing is...	The first letter opening is more formal. It uses the recipient's personal title and last name. The other opening uses the recipient's first name, suggesting a more familiar relationship.
Not supported with pagination yet	What kind of sentence is this? Caribou eat plants and grass in the summer and mushrooms and lichen in the winter.	[ "interrogative", "exclamatory", "declarative" ]	2		closed choice	grade6	language science	punctuation	Sentences, fragments, and run-ons	Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory?	There are four kinds of sentences. A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period. The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure. An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark. Do you have any plans for the upcoming...	The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence.
	Will these magnets attract or repel each other?	[ "repel", "attract" ]	1	Two magnets are placed as shown.	closed choice	grade5	natural science	physics	Magnets	Identify magnets that attract or repel	Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces. Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (...	To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which figure of speech is used in this text? Regan's Bistro used to be a great place to go for a delicious and carefully prepared dinner, but nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded.	[ "euphemism", "paradox" ]	1		closed choice	grade9	language science	figurative-language	Literary devices	Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox	Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive. A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic. The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off. Hyperb...	The text uses a paradox, a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth. Nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded at first appears to be contradictory, because if no one goes to the restaurant, then the restaurant should be empty, not crowded. However, it contains...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which object has more thermal energy?	[ "a tray of lasagna at a temperature of 100°F", "a tray of lasagna at a temperature of 110°F" ]	1	The objects are identical except for their temperatures.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	physics	Heat and thermal energy	How is temperature related to thermal energy?	All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy. Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ...	The two trays of lasagna have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 110°F tray of lasagna is hotter than the 100°F tray of lasagna, it has more thermal energy.
Not supported with pagination yet	Would you find the word decay on a dictionary page with the following guide words? distinct - draw	[ "no", "yes" ]	0		yes or no	grade7	language science	reference-skills	Reference skills	Use guide words	Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order. To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let...	Put the words in alphabetical order. Since decay is not between the guide words distinct - draw, it would not be found on that page.
	Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment?	[ "the amount of lemon juice added to the apple slices", "the number of apple slices that turned brown" ]	0	The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described. Carson's daughter complained that the in her lunchbox turned brown by lunchtime. Carson read that when are exposed to air, oxygen in the air reacts with the cut surface of the , turning them brown. Carson's ...	closed choice	grade6	natural science	science-and-engineering-practices	Designing experiments	Identify independent and dependent variables	Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato...
	Which is this organism's common name?	[ "North American beaver", "Castor canadensis" ]	0	This organism is a North American beaver. It is also called Castor canadensis.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Identify common and scientific names	An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know. An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English. Scientific names are written in italics,...	Castor canadensis is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, it is the scientific name. Castor canadensis is the organism's scientific name. So, you know that North American beaver is the common name.
Not supported with pagination yet	Which logical fallacy is used in the text? I'm not surprised, frankly, that someone who gets lost in his own neighborhood would argue that New York has better pizza than Chicago.	[ "ad hominem: a personal attack against one's opponent", "circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself" ]	0		closed choice	grade8	language science	writing-strategies	Developing and supporting arguments	Classify logical fallacies	A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions. A logical fal...	The text argues that people who like New York pizza are likely to have a poor sense of direction. This is a personal attack that isn't relevant to which type of pizza is better. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as ad hominem.
	What can Malik and Annie trade to each get what they want?	[ "Malik can trade his tomatoes for Annie's broccoli.", "Annie can trade her broccoli for Malik's oranges.", "Annie can trade her almonds for Malik's tomatoes.", "Malik can trade his tomatoes for Annie's carrots." ]	0	Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another. Malik and Annie open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Malik nor Annie got everything that they wanted. The tabl...	closed choice	grade7	social science	economics	Basic economic principles	Trade and specialization		Look at the table and images. Malik wants broccoli. Annie wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.
Not supported with pagination yet	What information supports the conclusion that Quincy acquired this trait?	[ "Quincy's brother has scars on both of his knees.", "Quincy's scar is on his left knee. His mother also has a scar on her left knee.", "Quincy's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his leg when he fell off his skateboard." ]	2	Read the description of a trait. Quincy has a scar on his left knee.	closed choice	grade7	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement	Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways. Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits....
Not supported with pagination yet	Is the following trait inherited or acquired? Sue has five fingers on each hand.	[ "acquired", "inherited" ]	1		closed choice	grade5	natural science	biology	Traits and heredity	Identify inherited and acquired traits	Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways. Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned. Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif...	Most humans are born with five fingers on each hand. So, having five fingers is an inherited trait.
	Which material is this fork made of?	[ "metal", "porcelain" ]	0		closed choice	grade2	natural science	physics	Materials	Identify materials in objects	A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.	Look at the picture of the fork. The fork is made of metal. Forks can also be made of plastic. Some forks are even made from corn!
	What is the name of the colony shown?	[ "Massachusetts", "South Carolina", "Connecticut", "Maine" ]	2		closed choice	grade8	social science	us-history	Colonial America	Identify the Thirteen Colonies		The colony is Connecticut.
	Select the organism in the same genus as the European hedgehog.	[ "Erinaceus europaeus", "Lepus europaeus", "Alouatta caraya" ]	0	This organism is a European hedgehog. Its scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus.	closed choice	grade8	natural science	biology	Classification and scientific names	Use scientific names to classify organisms	Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words. The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits. A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms...	A European hedgehog's scientific name is Erinaceus europaeus. The first word of its scientific name is Erinaceus. Alouatta caraya is in the genus Alouatta. The first word of its scientific name is Alouatta. So, Alouatta caraya and Erinaceus europaeus are not in the same genus. This organism and the European hedgehog ar...
	Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance.	[ "bromomethane", "acetaldehyde", "chlorine" ]	2		closed choice	grade6	natural science	chemistry	Atoms and molecules	Identify elementary substances and compounds using models	There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you. A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are ...
	Which of these states is farthest north?	[ "South Carolina", "Idaho", "Florida", "California" ]	1		closed choice	grade2	social science	geography	Geography	Read a map: cardinal directions	Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west. A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction. The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north...	To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Idaho is farthest north.
	What is the capital of Arkansas?	[ "Fayetteville", "Richmond", "Cedar Rapids", "Little Rock" ]	3		closed choice	grade5	social science	geography	State capitals	Identify state capitals of the Southeast		Little Rock is the capital of Arkansas.
Not supported with pagination yet	What information supports the conclusion that Jon inherited this trait?	[ "Jon's parents have blond hair. They passed down this trait to Jon.", "Jon's mother cuts his hair every month." ]	0	Read the description of a trait. Jon has blond hair.	closed choice	grade3	natural science	biology	Heredity	Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement	Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways. Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned. Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif...
Not supported with pagination yet	What information supports the conclusion that Regan inherited this trait?	[ "Regan's father has brown eyes. He passed this trait down to Regan.", "Regan's hair is the same color as her brown eyes." ]	0	Read the description of a trait. Regan has brown eyes.	closed choice	grade6	natural science	biology	Genes to traits	Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement	Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways. Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits....
Not supported with pagination yet	Which text uses the word nauseous in its traditional sense?	[ "Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Luke found the smell rather nauseous.", "Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but it made Luke feel rather nauseous." ]	0		closed choice	grade12	language science	writing-strategies	Word usage and nuance	Explore words with new or contested usages	Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner. When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be...	The second text uses nauseous in its traditional sense: causing disgust or nausea. Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Luke found the smell rather nauseous. The first text uses nauseous in its nontraditional sense: feeling disgusted or nauseated. Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candl...
Not supported with pagination yet	Which is a compound sentence?	[ "Mrs. Wagner plants flower seeds, and they blossom in the spring.", "Fresh English peas are delicious with butter and salt." ]	0		closed choice	grade3	language science	grammar	Sentences, fragments, and run-ons	Is the sentence simple or compound?	A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate. The pitcher threw the ball to first base. A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so. The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it. Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ...	The second sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction and. Mrs. Wagner plants flower seeds, and they blossom in the spring.

Subsets and Splits

Validation Subject & Topic Summary

Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.

SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA

This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.

SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA

This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.

Random Sample by Topic Ratio

This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.

Topic Counts by Grade

Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.

Validation Category Counts

Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.

SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA

Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.

ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data

Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.

Train Data with Numeric Choices

This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.

Physics Train with Images and Lectures

Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.

Physics Q&As with Images

Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.

Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images

Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.

Filter Text-only Train Questions

Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.

Skills Without Images

Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.