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Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth of the volume of Saturn. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of one-tenth the volume of Saturn.
Then compare the result to the volume of Uranus. The volume of Uranus is 68,300 billion km^3, which is less than 82,713 billion km^3. So, the volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth the volume of Saturn. | |
Is wet paint a solid or a liquid? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid or liquid | Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a li... | Wet paint is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in.
If you pour wet paint out of a can, the paint will change shape. But the wet paint will still take up the same amount of space. | ||
What can Owen and William trade to each get what they want? | [
"Owen can trade his tomatoes for William's broccoli.",
"William can trade his broccoli for Owen's oranges.",
"Owen can trade his tomatoes for William's carrots.",
"William can trade his almonds for Owen's tomatoes."
] | 0 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Owen and William open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Owen nor William got everything that they wanted. The ta... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Owen wants broccoli. William wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Dr. mckinney,",
"Dear Dr. McKinney,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Dr. McKinney is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"nylon shorts",
"sandpaper"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon shorts are smoother. If you touch nylon fabric, it will not feel rough. | |
In this food chain, the mudminnow is a consumer. Why? | [
"It makes its own food.",
"It eats another living thing."
] | 1 | This diagram shows a food chain from Lake Superior, a freshwater ecosystem on the border of the United States and Canada. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every living thing needs food to stay alive. Living things get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how living things in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other ... | In this food chain, the mudminnow is a consumer because it eats another living thing. The mudminnow in this food chain eats the amphipod. | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Maryland",
"North Carolina",
"New Mexico",
"Florida"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Maryland is farthest north. | ||
Which term matches the picture? | [
"endotherms",
"ectotherms"
] | 0 | Read the text.
Most animals need to maintain a body temperature within a narrow range. Endotherms, such as humans and other mammals, can regulate their temperatures internally. When the temperature of their surrounding environments changes, endotherms may shiver or sweat to keep their body temperatures within a normal ... | closed choice | grade8 | language science | word-study | Domain-specific vocabulary | Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures | Endotherms regulate their temperature internally. Horses and other mammals are endotherms. On a hot day, horses can sweat to regulate their body temperature. | ||
What is the capital of Idaho? | [
"Birmingham",
"Kansas City",
"Boise",
"Nampa"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Boise is the capital of Idaho. | |||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"flexible",
"translucent",
"rough"
] | 1 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object. All three objects are translucent.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. None of the objects are rough.
A flexible object can be folded or be... | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Vermont",
"New York",
"Iowa",
"New Jersey"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New York.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Flounder's phenotype for the eye color trait? | [
"red eyes",
"black eyes"
] | 1 | In a group of koi fish, some individuals have red eyes and others have black eyes. In this group, the gene for the eye color trait has two alleles. The allele for red eyes (E) is dominant over the allele for black eyes (e).
Flounder is a koi fish from this group. Flounder has the homozygous genotype ee for the eye colo... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | Flounder's genotype for the eye color gene is ee. Flounder's genotype of ee has only e alleles. The e allele is for black eyes. So, Flounder's phenotype for the eye color trait must be black eyes.
To check this answer, consider whether Flounder's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for red eyes (E) is dominan... |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Greta acquired this trait? | [
"Greta likes to photograph birds at the zoo.",
"Greta was not born knowing how to identify different bird calls. She had to learn this skill."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Greta is good at identifying birds from their calls. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a 200-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 60°C",
"a 200-gram cup of black tea at a temperature of 40°C"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two cups of black tea have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 60°C cup of black tea is hotter than the 40°C cup of black tea, it has more thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense? | [
"Paul shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.",
"Paul shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.
Paul shivered terribly as he gazed at the snow-clad slope. After calming his nerves, he began his descent.
The second text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; very.
Paul shivered as he gazed at the terribly steep, snowy slope... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Linda inherited this trait? | [
"Linda's parents were born with wavy hair. They passed down this trait to Linda.",
"Linda and her mother both have short hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Linda has wavy hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Missouri",
"Georgia",
"California",
"North Dakota"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Georgia is farthest south. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Paula has five toes on each foot. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Most humans are born with five toes on each foot. So, having five toes is an inherited trait. | |
Which of these continents does the equator intersect? | [
"Australia",
"Asia",
"North America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Asia. It does not intersect Australia or North America. | ||
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Maryland",
"Georgia",
"New Jersey",
"North Carolina"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | English colonies in North America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Georgia. | |||
Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web? | [
"bolete fungus",
"silver maple",
"swallowtail caterpillar",
"black racer"
] | 2 | Below is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The bolete fungus has arrows pointing to it from the black racer, the gray fox, and the bobcat. None of these organisms is a producer, so the bolete fungus is not a primary consumer.
The black racer has an... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Much to our shock, Cody chose to turn the other cheek when Erica insulted him in a meeting. | [
"the Bible",
"U.S. history"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion turn the other cheek is the Bible.
In the Bible, Jesus counsels his followers to resist retaliation. He says that if they are struck on the right cheek, they shouldn't lash out; instead, they should turn the other cheek toward their attacker.
The allusion turn the other cheek means to respond... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change better matches the sentence?
A forest catches fire and burns. | [
"earthquake",
"wildfire"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface | |||
What is the capital of New Mexico? | [
"Memphis",
"Albuquerque",
"Santa Fe",
"Olympia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Santa Fe is the capital of New Mexico. | |||
What is the African bush elephant's scientific name? | [
"Loxodonta cyclotis",
"Loxodonta africana"
] | 1 | Both the African bush elephant and the African forest elephant live in Africa. But only the African bush elephant's scientific name refers to Africa! | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Origins of scientific names | When a scientist identifies a new organism, he or she chooses its scientific name.
Sometimes, an organism is named after the place where it was first found. Other times, an organism is named after the scientist who first identified it. Or, the scientific name might describe the organism's physical traits.
Many of the w... | This organism's scientific name refers to Africa.
The word africana refers to Africa. So, the African bush elephant's scientific name is Loxodonta africana. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word does not rhyme? | [
"game",
"save",
"gave"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | phonological-awareness | Rhyming | Which word does not rhyme? | Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the same sound.
The words meet and treat also rhyme. They both end with the same sound, even though the sound has two different spellings.
The words tip and meet don't rhyme. They end with different sounds. | The words save and gave rhyme. They both end with the ave sound.
The word game does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound. | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"rough",
"colorful"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. The log is rough.
A colorful object has one or more bright colors. The log is not colorful. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which cherry pie has less thermal energy? | [
"the colder cherry pie",
"the hotter cherry pie"
] | 0 | Two cherry pies are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two cherry pies are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the colder cherry pie has less thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The lone tumbleweed () across the desert road. | [
"rolled",
"ran"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word ran. It describes the tumbleweed as if it were an active person. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a long-distance running race? | [
"24 feet",
"24 miles"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 24 miles.
24 feet is too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Clarence investigate with an experiment? | [
"Which type of soil will cause a certain kind of tomato plant to grow the most fruit?",
"Does a certain kind of tomato plant grow taller when planted in a clay pot or in a plastic pot?",
"Which of the three types of tomato seeds sprouts the fastest?"
] | 2 | Clarence and his classmates are growing tomato plants in the school garden. He wonders what factors affect how tomato plants grow. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
three different types of tomato seeds
one bag of potting soil
five identical clay pots
water | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a dinner fork? | [
"2 tons",
"2 pounds",
"2 ounces"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or ton... | The best estimate for the mass of a dinner fork is 2 ounces.
2 pounds and 2 tons are both too heavy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentences.
The Fifth Amendment talks about the rights of people who are accused of crimes. For example, anyone accused of a crime has the right to remain silent. The amendment also says that a person can () be put on trial for the same crime more than once. | [
"always",
"never",
"sometimes"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | civics | Government | The Bill of Rights | The Fifth Amendment says that anyone accused of a crime has the right to remain silent. The amendment also says that a person can never be put on trial for the same crime more than once. Putting a person on trial for the same crime twice is called double jeopardy. To be in jeopardy is to be in danger of losing somethin... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Mr. Hancock argues that we need to do more to prevent workplace injuries and fatalities. I doubt that someone so socially awkward would know a thing about office safety. | [
"ad hominem: a personal attack against one's opponent",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that being socially awkward determines knowledge of workplace safety. This is a personal attack that isn't relevant to Mr. Hancock's desire to prevent workplace injuries. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as ad hominem. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the solid. | [
"empty cup",
"wet paint",
"milk"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids and liquids | Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a li... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"Someone had better turn on the heat," Audrey said, sweat glistening on her face. | [
"The temperature was too warm.",
"The temperature was too cool."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Someone had better turn on the heat ironically suggests that the temperature was too warm. Audrey did not think that more heat was needed; she was already sweating. | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. The particles in sample B also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average ... | |
Which of the following organisms is the secondary consumer in this food web? | [
"green algae",
"shiner",
"golden algae"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from Little Rock Lake, a freshwater lake ecosystem in Wisconsin.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The green algae does not have any arrows pointing to it, so it is not a secondary con... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Last year, there were seven men's clothing stores on Main Street in Washington. This year, there are only three. What probably happened to the overall supply of men's shirts in Washington? | [
"The supply probably went down.",
"The supply probably went up."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | When four men's clothing stores closed on Main Street, the number of suppliers went down. There were fewer stores selling men's shirts. So, the supply of men's shirts probably went down. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Emilia will make a healthy meal for us. | [
"future tense",
"present tense",
"past tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, make. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Passengers will board the plane shortly. | [
"past tense",
"future tense",
"present tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, board. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a mineral. | [
"Native gold is a solid. It is a pure substance.",
"A turtle shell is made by a living thing. It is a solid.",
"Magnetite is a pure substance. It is formed in nature."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify minerals using properties | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
A turtle shell is made by a living thing. But minerals are not made by living things.
So, a turtle shell is not a mineral.
Native gold is a mineral.
Magnetite is a mineral. | |
What is the capital of West Virginia? | [
"Biloxi",
"Little Rock",
"Charleston",
"Huntington"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Charleston is the capital of West Virginia. | |||
Which statement is supported by these pictures? | [
"The sponge brittle star has red skin, and so did Paleocoma.",
"The sponge brittle star has five arms, and so did Paleocoma."
] | 1 | Look at the two pictures below. The sponge brittle star is a modern organism, and Paleocoma is an extinct one. The sponge brittle star has many of the traits that Paleocoma had. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare ancient and modern organisms: use observations to support a hypothesis | Fossils are the remains of organisms that lived long ago. Scientists look at fossils to learn about the traits of ancient organisms. Often, scientists compare fossils to modern organisms.
Some ancient organisms had many traits in common with modern organisms. Other ancient organisms were very different from any organis... | The sponge brittle star has five arms and red skin.
This fossil shows the remains of five arms. So, Paleocoma had five arms.
The fossil does not preserve the color of the animal's skin. So, you cannot tell from the fossil whether Paleocoma had red skin.
Choice "The sponge brittle star has red skin, and so did Paleocoma... | |
Which animal is also adapted for flight? | [
"great blue heron",
"European mole"
] | 0 | Flying foxes live in the forests of Southeast Asia and Australia. The has wings. It is adapted for flight.
Figure: flying fox. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the flying fox.
The flying fox has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight. Long, powerful wings help the flying fox travel long distances by air.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The great blue heron has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for f... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
It's only forty miles to the ranch as the crow flies, but on the winding local roads, it takes about two hours. | [
"onomatopoeia",
"idiom"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
As the crow flies means in a straight line. | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the southern crowned pigeon. | [
"Larus michahellis",
"Strix nebulosa",
"Goura cristata"
] | 2 | This organism is a southern crowned pigeon. Its scientific name is Goura scheepmakeri. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A southern crowned pigeon's scientific name is Goura scheepmakeri. The first word of its scientific name is Goura.
Larus michahellis is in the genus Larus. The first word of its scientific name is Larus. So, Larus michahellis and Goura scheepmakeri are not in the same genus.
Goura cristata is in the genus Goura. The fi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The students start rolling their backpacks at the same speed. Which backpack is pulled with a larger force? | [
"a backpack carrying 5 pounds",
"a backpack carrying 7 pounds"
] | 1 | Two students get ready to leave school. The students have the same rolling backpacks. Each student has different books in her backpack. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the backpack that is heavier.
A backpack carrying 7 pounds is heavier than a backpack carrying 5 pounds. So, the backpack carrying 7 pounds needs to be pulled with a larger force to start rolling at the same speed as the other backpack. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
What is the probability that a Labrador retriever produced by this cross will be homozygous dominant for the fur color gene? | [
"1/4",
"0/4",
"4/4",
"2/4",
"3/4"
] | 1 | In a group of Labrador retrievers, some individuals have black fur and others have brown fur. In this group, the gene for the fur color trait has two alleles. The allele for brown fur (f) is recessive to the allele for black fur (F).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two Labrador retrievers. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring genotypes: homozygous or heterozygous?
How do you determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for a gene? Look at the alleles in the organism's genotype for that gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene.
If both alleles are dominant, the organism is h... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of three bicycles. Which bicycle was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a bicycle that moved 245kilometers east in 5hours",
"a bicycle that moved 70kilometers north in 5hours",
"a bicycle that moved 230kilometers north in 5hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects mov... | Look at the distance each bicycle moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each bicycle moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each bicycle moved for 5 hours. The bicycle that moved 70 kilometers moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that bicycle must have moved at the lowest speed. | |
Which type of force from the driver's foot presses the gas pedal down? | [
"push",
"pull"
] | 0 | A driver presses the gas pedal with her foot. Her foot applies a force to the pedal, and the pedal moves down. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Identify pushes and pulls | A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to a second object.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling. | The driver's foot applies a force to the gas pedal. This force presses the pedal down. The direction of this force is away from the driver's foot. This force is a push. | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Oklahoma",
"New York",
"Ohio",
"Maine"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Oklahoma is farthest south. | ||
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Montpelier",
"Concord",
"Louisville",
"Burlington"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | How long does it take to cook a turkey in the oven? | [
"4 seconds",
"4 hours"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes to cook a turkey in the oven is 4 hours.
4 seconds is too fast. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is softer? | [
"metal trombone",
"nylon swim shorts"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when you press on it.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts are softer. Nylon fabric changes shape when you press on it. | |
Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad? | [
"pathos (emotion)",
"logos (reason)",
"ethos (character)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one... | The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion. It links the product to feelings of belonging and family love. | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You c... | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Select the organism in the same species as the barred owl. | [
"Strix varia",
"Ardea alba",
"Tigrisoma mexicanum"
] | 0 | This organism is a barred owl. Its scientific name is Strix varia. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A barred owl's scientific name is Strix varia.
Strix varia has the same scientific name as a barred owl. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Ardea alba does not have the same scientific name as a barred owl. So, Strix varia and Ardea alba are not in the same species.
Tigrisoma mexicanum does not have the same ... | |
Which part of the orange tree do we usually eat? | [
"the fruit",
"the stem",
"the leaves"
] | 0 | People use orange trees for food. We usually eat the part of this plant that contains the seeds. It grows from a pollinated flower. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Plants | Classify fruits and vegetables as plant parts | The fruits and vegetables we eat are parts of plants! Plants are made up of different structures. The different structures carry out important functions.
The roots take in water and nutrients from the soil. They also hold the plant in place in the soil.
The stem supports the plant. It carries food, water, and nutrients... | The part of the orange tree we usually eat is the fruit. It contains the seeds. | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Neptune's volume is more than 100 times as large as Earth's. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice.
The volume of a planet is a very large quantity. Large quantities such as this are often written in scientific notation.
For ex... | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of 100 times the volume of Earth.
Then compare the result to the volume of Neptune. The volume of Neptune is 6.25 x 10^13 km^3, which is less than 1.08 x 10^14 km^3. So, Neptune's volume is less than 100 times as large as Earth's. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Assume all other forces on Oscar are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Oscar? | [
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Oscar.",
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Oscar."
] | 1 | Oscar is standing on a diving board at the pool. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Oscar with a force of 400N. The diving board is pushing up on Oscar with a force of 400N. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Oscar, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Oscar down with a force of 400 N.
The diving board is pushing Oscar up with a force of 400 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have the same magnitude: 400 N. This means that the forces are balanced, so th... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Though small, hummingbirds have the most remarkable feathers of any bird.",
"Hummingbirds molt, or replace old feathers with new ones, once a year."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The second sentence states a fact.
Hummingbirds molt, or replace old feathers with new ones, once a year.
It can be proved by reading a book about hummingbirds.
The first sentence states an opinion.
Though small, hummingbirds have the most remarkable feathers of any bird.
Most remarkable shows what a person believes, t... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Sincerely,\nJason",
"sincerely,\nJason"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
stretching a rubber band
water evaporating from a puddle | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Stretching a rubber band is a physical change. The rubber band gets longer. But it is still made of the same type of matter as before.
Water evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not ... | |
Is a tissue a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a liquid",
"a gas"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A tissue is a solid that can be folded or torn. But if you fold a tissue, it will still have a size and shape of its own. If you tear a tissue into pieces, each piece will still have a size and shape of its own. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Rebecca,",
"Dear rebecca,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Rebecca is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
What is this pachycephalosaur's scientific name? | [
"Dracorex spinifer",
"Dracorex hogwartsia"
] | 1 | This pachycephalosaur's fossil was discovered in South Dakota. The scientists who named this dinosaur thought it looked like a fairy-tale dragon! This pachycephalosaur's scientific name refers to the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry from J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter book series. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Origins of scientific names | When a scientist identifies a new organism, he or she chooses its scientific name.
Sometimes, an organism is named after the place where it was first found. Other times, an organism is named after the scientist who first identified it. Or, the scientific name might describe the organism's physical traits.
Many of the w... | This organism's scientific name refers to Hogwarts.
The word hogwartsia refers to Hogwarts. So, this pachycephalosaur's scientific name is Dracorex hogwartsia. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Although the researchers did produce statistically significant results, their sample size was small. They seemed to be slightly economical with the truth when they claimed that their study was generalizable to the greater population. | [
"euphemism",
"chiasmus"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
Economical with the truth is an indirect way of indicating that someone is lying or misrepresenting the truth. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is this muskmelon plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene? | [
"sour fruit",
"Ff"
] | 1 | In a group of muskmelon plants, some individuals have sour fruit and others have sweet fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit taste trait has two alleles. The allele F is for sour fruit, and the allele f is for sweet fruit.
A certain muskmelon plant from this group has sour fruit. This plant has one allele for so... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The muskmelon plant has one allele for sour fruit (F) and one allele for sweet fruit (f). So, the plant's genotype for the fruit taste gene is Ff. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Oscar's Falstaffian nature makes him stand out at a party. | [
"Shakespeare",
"Greek mythology"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion Falstaffian is Shakespeare.
Sir John Falstaff, a comical character in several of William Shakespeare's plays, is known for his cheerful sociability and sometimes off-color humor.
The allusion Falstaffian means characterized by joviality and enjoyment of food and drink. | |
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"Australia",
"Africa",
"North America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect North America or Australia. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Miguel must not have enjoyed the casserole, or he would have asked for a second serving. | [
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that if Miguel enjoyed the casserole, then he would have eaten more. However, Miguel could have enjoyed the casserole without wanting a second serving. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a false dichotomy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Ronald decides to eat the apples. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Ronald will get to eat the apples. The apples will be healthier than the banana pudding would have been.",
"Ronald will give up the chance to eat the banana pudding. Ronald thinks banana pudding would have tasted better than apples will."
] | 1 | Ronald is deciding whether to eat apples or banana pudding for an afternoon snack. He would like to eat something tasty, but he is also trying to be healthier. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Ronald wants or needs:
Ronald will give up the chance to eat the banana pudding. Ronald thinks banana pudding would have tasted better than apples will. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a simple sentence? | [
"Marcy dislikes radishes, so she always orders her salad without them.",
"At the auction, several paintings by famous artists were for sale, including one by Pablo Picasso."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
aft... | The first sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause.
At the auction, several paintings by famous artists were for sale, including one by Pablo Picasso. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
That's the loudest siren I've ever heard! | [
"exclamatory",
"interrogative"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence tells about something, but it shows surprise and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence. | |
Identify the question that Deion's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does apple juice expand more or less than water when it freezes?",
"Does water freeze more quickly than apple juice?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Deion poured 30 milliliters of water into each of six measuring cups. He poured the same volume of apple juice into another six measuring cups. He kept the measuring cups in a freezer for 48 hours. Deion then observed t... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"Vermont",
"Florida",
"California",
"Indiana"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Vermont is farthest east. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Darell acquired this trait? | [
"Darell is most interested in American history.",
"Darell learned history by reading."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Darell knows a lot about history. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Elizabeth investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do small rocks or large rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?",
"Do rocks skip more times when thrown across a river or across a pond?",
"Do round rocks or flat rocks skip more times when thrown across the river?"
] | 0 | Elizabeth likes to skip rocks at the river. She notices that some of the rocks she throws skip off the surface of the water many times, while others skip once and then sink. She wonders what factors affect how well rocks skip on the water. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies availabl... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
It's so sad that Chase's chose not to go to prom. He must not have any friends. | [
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that either Chase is going to prom or he doesn't have any friends. However, Chase might have friends and just not want to go to prom. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a false dichotomy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the vertebrate. | [
"barrel jellyfish",
"redback spider",
"sea turtle",
"monarch butterfly"
] | 2 | Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are vertebrates. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify vertebrates and invertebrates | Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backb... | A monarch butterfly is an insect. Like other insects, a monarch butterfly is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
Like other spiders, a redback spider is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A sea turtle is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a sea turtle is a... |
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Europe",
"North America",
"Australia",
"South America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is North America. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Jen decides to plant the birch tree. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Jen will get to look at the birch tree. She thinks it will look more beautiful than the sunflowers would have looked.",
"The birch tree will use up more space than the sunflowers would have used up."
] | 1 | Jen is deciding whether to plant sunflowers or a birch tree in her backyard. She wants to make her backyard more beautiful. But she also wants to leave space for doing fun things. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Jen wants or needs:
The birch tree will use up more space than the sunflowers would have used up. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a song? | [
"On Top of Old Smokey",
"\"On Top of Old Smokey\""
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, or article should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A song should be in quotation marks.
The correct title is "On Top of Old Smokey." | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of an eraser? | [
"33 grams",
"33 kilograms"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an eraser is 33 grams.
33 kilograms is too heavy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word disinterested in its traditional sense? | [
"Clare is happy with her position as class treasurer. Though she would have the support of the student council, she is disinterested in running for student body president.",
"Clare is excellent in her position as class treasurer. She always manages to be disinterested in student council debates about the allocati... | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses disinterested in its traditional sense: unbiased or impartial.
Clare is excellent in her position as class treasurer. She always manages to be disinterested in student council debates about the allocation of extracurricular funds.
The first text uses disinterested in its nontraditional sense: unint... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long does it take for a pot of water to start boiling on a hot stove? | [
"9 seconds",
"9 minutes"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose units of time | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the... | The better estimate for how long it takes for a pot of water to start boiling on a hot stove is 9 minutes.
9 seconds is too fast. |
What is the capital of Michigan? | [
"Lansing",
"Lincoln",
"Columbia",
"Grand Rapids"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Lansing is the capital of Michigan. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
The federal government has () branches. | [
"four",
"three",
"five",
"two"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | civics | Government | Federal government | The federal government has three branches. They are called the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
Each branch of government has its own jobs and responsibilities. This system keeps any one part of the government from having too much power. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Isaiah plays baseball. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to play baseball. Instead, some people learn how to play baseball. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing baseball is an acquired trait. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Cole investigate with an experiment? | [
"Does white sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer days if the bread is stored inside or outside the refrigerator?",
"Does white sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer days if the bread is stored in a paper bag or in a plastic bag?",
"Does white or whole wheat sandwich bread grow visible mold in fewer day... | 0 | Cole starts to make a sandwich, but he sees mold on the bread! He wonders what factors affect how mold grows on bread. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two loaves of white sandwich bread
a small plastic bag
a large plastic bag
a refrigerator | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
navigate - nice | [
"noble",
"nervous"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since nervous is between the guide words navigate - nice, it would be found on that page. | |
Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web? | [
"bacteria",
"rotifer",
"black crappie"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from Little Rock Lake, a freshwater lake ecosystem in Wisconsin.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The rotifer has an arrow pointing to it from the green algae. The green algae is a producer, so the rotifer is a primary consumer.
The bacteria have arrows pointing to them from the copepod and the shiner.... | |
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to (). | [
"the surroundings . . . each vial",
"each vial . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 | Scientists in a laboratory were working with insulin, a protein often used to treat diabetes. They left two identical vials of insulin in different places. This table shows how the temperature of each vial changed over 15minutes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | Compare thermal energy transfers | A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, th... | The temperature of each vial increased, which means that the thermal energy of each vial increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each vial. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Elijah decides to go as a ghost. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Elijah will spend some time and money to get the costume.",
"Elijah will get to wear the costume he is more excited about."
] | 0 | Elijah is deciding whether to go as a ghost or a superhero to a costume party. He would rather go as a ghost. But he already has a superhero costume. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Elijah wants or needs:
Elijah will spend some time and money to get the costume. |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a road from one end of a city to the other? | [
"5 kilometers",
"5 centimeters"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 16 long. You might be thinking, 16 what? Is the pencil 16 centimeters long? 16 meters? 16 kilometers?
The number 16 on its own does not give you much informa... | The better estimate for the length of a road from one end of a city to the other is 5 kilometers.
5 centimeters is too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"thank you,\nJake",
"Thank you,\nJake"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | capitalization | Capitalization | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is this a run-on sentence?
Culture plays an important role for orcas they communicate with distinct calls and live in small, intimate groups led by older females that teach the younger orcas. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify run-on sentences | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma s... | This is a run-on sentence. It is formed from two sentences run together, joined without punctuation.
Culture plays an important role for orcas they communicate with distinct calls and live in small, intimate groups led by older females that teach the younger orcas.
Here is one way to fix the run-on sentence:
Culture pl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Of all the species of damselfish, the blue chromis is the most striking in terms of color.",
"The vitamins in a blue chromis's diet can affect how brightly the fish's colors appear."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved by research or observation.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
The statement above is a fact. The statement can be proved by researching the height of each man and comparing them.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot ... | The second sentence states a fact.
The vitamins in a blue chromis's diet can affect how brightly the fish's colors appear.
It can be proved by reading a book about tropical fish.
The first sentence states an opinion.
Of all the species of damselfish, the blue chromis is the most striking in terms of color.
Most strikin... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.