image imagewidth (px) 53 760 ⌀ | question stringlengths 14 862 | choices listlengths 2 5 | answer int8 0 4 | hint stringlengths 0 1.85k | task stringclasses 3
values | grade stringclasses 12
values | subject stringclasses 3
values | topic stringclasses 26
values | category stringclasses 119
values | skill stringclasses 321
values | lecture stringclasses 256
values | solution stringlengths 0 2.72k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has less thermal energy? | [
"a 300-gram glass of water at a temperature of 75°F",
"a 300-gram glass of water at a temperature of 80°F"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both ... | The two glasses of water have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 75°F glass of water is colder than the 80°F glass of water, it has less thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which set of instructions is more formal? | [
"Enter the applicant's name and address in the spaces provided.",
"Write down your name and address on the lines."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The first set of instructions is more formal. Its uses clear, impersonal language. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
a piece of avocado turning brown
a piece of pizza rotting in a trashcan | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
A piece of avocado turning brown is a chemical change. The avocado reacts with oxygen in the air to form a different type of matter.
If you scrape off the brown part of the avocado, the inside will still be green. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change hasn't happened... | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Figure: Nicaragua.
Winds are called offshore when they blow from land to water. Offshore winds blew on the west coast of Nicaragua last week. Most people prefer to surf on days when the winds are offshore.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a ... | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Winds are called offshore when they blow from land to water. Offshore winds blew on the west coast of Nicaragua last week. Most people prefer to surf on days when the winds are offshore.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the wind direction on the west coast of Nicaragua last... | |
Which is this organism's common name? | [
"black howler",
"Alouatta caraya"
] | 0 | This organism is a black howler. It is also called Alouatta caraya. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Identify common and scientific names | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics,... | Alouatta caraya is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, it is the scientific name.
Alouatta caraya is the organism's scientific name. So, you know that black howler is the common name. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
burning a candle
roasting a marshmallow over a campfire | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Burning a candle is a chemical change. Both the wick and the melted wax burn. They react with oxygen in the air and turn into soot, carbon dioxide, and water.
Roasting a marshmallow is a chemical change. The type of matter on the outside of the marshmallow changes. As a marshmallow is r... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
breaking a piece of glass
butter melting on a hot day | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Breaking a piece of glass is a physical change. The glass gets broken into pieces. But each piece is still made of the same type of matter.
Butter melting on a hot day is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The butter changes from solid to liquid, but it is still made of the... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Three-quarters of the planets are larger than Venus. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | The table tells you that there are five planets larger than Venus: Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. There are eight planets total. Five-eighths is less than three-quarters. So, five-eighths of the planets are larger than Venus. | |
What is the probability that a fruit fly produced by this cross will have red eyes? | [
"4/4",
"0/4",
"2/4",
"1/4",
"3/4"
] | 0 | In a group of fruit flies, some individuals have red eyes and others have brown eyes. In this group, the gene for the eye color trait has two alleles. The allele for red eyes (E) is dominant over the allele for brown eyes (e).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two fruit flies. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | ||
Which property matches this object? | [
"sweet",
"stretchy"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. The candy sprinkles are not stretchy.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The candy sprinkles are sweet. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The city of Seaside has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Seaside's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops? | [
"The supply will probably go down.",
"The supply will probably go up."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Seaside. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"After Paul beat Aaron in tennis, he asked for a rematch.",
"Aaron asked for a rematch after Paul beat him in tennis."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun he could refer to Paul or Aaron.
After Paul beat Aaron in tennis, he asked for a rematch.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so that the meaning is clear.
Aaron asked fo... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Answer the riddle.
I am a toy.
I look like a person.
You can dress me up.
What am I? | [
"a girl",
"a doll"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | A doll is a toy.
A doll looks like a person.
You can dress a doll up. | ||
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Santa Fe",
"Tucson",
"Sioux Falls",
"Phoenix"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Edgar investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do cloth towels dry faster if they are hung in the laundry room or in the backyard?",
"When hung in the laundry room, do black cloth towels or white cloth towels dry more quickly?",
"Does a small cloth towel or a large cloth towel dry faster when hung in the backyard?"
] | 0 | After Edgar cleans up a spill, he hangs a wet cloth towel in the laundry room. Two hours later, he notices that the towel has partially dried. He wonders what factors affect how cloth dries. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two identical white cloth towels
water
a clothes... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which animal's legs are also adapted for wading? | [
"hammerkop",
"magnificent frigatebird"
] | 0 | s live in the marshes of Europe and Asia. They eat insects, snails, and worms that live in shallow water. Spoonbills often hunt their prey by walking through water, or wading.
The spoonbill's legs are adapted for wading. They are lightweight and keep the bird's body above the water.
Figure: Eurasian spoonbill. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the Eurasian spoonbill.
Long legs help the Eurasian spoonbill keep its body above the surface of the water while wading. Thin legs are easier to move through the water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The hammerkop has long, thin legs. Its legs are adapt... | |
Select the organism in the same species as the common kestrel. | [
"Ardea cinerea",
"Ardea alba",
"Falco tinnunculus"
] | 2 | This organism is a common kestrel. Its scientific name is Falco tinnunculus. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A common kestrel's scientific name is Falco tinnunculus.
Falco tinnunculus has the same scientific name as a common kestrel. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Ardea cinerea does not have the same scientific name as a common kestrel. So, Falco tinnunculus and Ardea cinerea are not in the same species.
Ardea a... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
an iceberg melting slowly
carving a piece of wood | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
An iceberg melting is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. An iceberg is made of frozen water. As it melts, the water changes from a solid to a liquid. But a different type of matter is not formed.
Carving a piece of wood is a physical change. The wood changes shape, but it i... | |
Is a scarf a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a liquid",
"a solid",
"a gas"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A scarf is a solid. You can fold a scarf. But it will still have a size and shape of its own. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Vivian's phenotype for the Marfan syndrome trait? | [
"mm",
"not having Marfan syndrome"
] | 1 | This passage describes the Marfan syndrome trait in humans:
In a group of humans, some individuals have Marfan syndrome and others do not. In this group, the gene for the Marfan syndrome trait has two alleles. The allele M is for having Marfan syndrome, and the allele m is for not having Marfan syndrome.
Vivian, a hum... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Vivian's observable version of the Marfan syndrome trait is not having Marfan syndrome. So, Vivian's phenotype for the Marfan syndrome trait is not having Marfan syndrome. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"Sleeping through the rooster's crowing was no problem," Raymond joked with a yawn. | [
"Raymond slept poorly.",
"Raymond finds roosters amusing."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Sleeping through the rooster's crowing was no problem ironically suggests that Raymond slept poorly. Raymond was tired, so the rooster's crowing was clearly a problem. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Liz plays basketball. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to play basketball. Instead, some people learn how to play basketball. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing basketball is an acquired trait. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Federated States of Micronesia",
"Papua New Guinea",
"Palau",
"the Marshall Islands"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Federated States of Micronesia. | |||
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
The volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth of the volume of Saturn. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | To determine if this statement is true, calculate the value of one-tenth the volume of Saturn.
Then compare the result to the volume of Uranus. The volume of Uranus is 68,300 billion km^3, which is less than 82,713 billion km^3. So, the volume of Uranus is less than one-tenth the volume of Saturn. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal. | [
"Octopuses eat animals that live underwater.",
"Apple trees can grow fruit.",
"Cypress trees have green leaves.",
"Hydrangea bushes can grow colorful flowers."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | An octopus is an animal. It eats animals that live underwater.
An octopus has two eyes and eight arms.
An apple tree is a plant. It can grow fruit.
People have been growing apples for thousands of years. There are more than 7,500 types of apples!
A cypress tree is a plant. It has green leaves.
The leaves of cypress tre... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
filtering air to remove dust and pollen
a crayon melting in the sun | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Filtering air to remove dust and pollen is a physical change. The air flows through the filter, and the pollen and dust stay behind. This separates the mixture of air, pollen, and dust. But separating a mixture does not form a different type of matter.
A crayon melting in the sun is a c... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Alec acquired this trait? | [
"Alec learned biology by reading, observing, and experimenting.",
"Alec is most interested in human biology."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Alec knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word is not like the others? | [
"cookie",
"ice cream",
"cake",
"dirt"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Categories | Which word is not like the others? | Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family. | Ice cream, cookie, and cake go together. They are sweet things. Dirt is not a sweet thing, so it is not like the other words. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence uses a simile? | [
"The bare tree's branches were as sharp as needles.",
"The bare tree's branches were sharp needles."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | This sentence uses a simile:
The bare tree's branches were as sharp as needles.
The words branches and needles are compared using the word as.
This sentence uses a metaphor:
The bare tree's branches were sharp needles.
The words branches and needles are compared without the word like or as. | |
Which of these states is farthest east? | [
"North Dakota",
"Utah",
"Kansas",
"Michigan"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Michigan is farthest east. | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Haiti",
"Dominica",
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"the Dominican Republic"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Dominica. | |||
Which of these oceans does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"the Arctic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects the Arctic Ocean. It does not intersect the Indian Ocean or the Pacific Ocean. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word smell on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
send - swung | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since smell is between the guide words send - swung, it would be found on that page. | |
What is the expected ratio of offspring with a black body to offspring with a gray body? Choose the most likely ratio. | [
"1:3",
"3:1",
"4:0",
"0:4",
"2:2"
] | 3 | In a group of fruit flies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a black body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele for a gray body (B) is dominant over the allele for a black body (b).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two fruit flies. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate ratios of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with a black body or a gray body, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the body color trait. The question tells you that the B allele, which is for a gray body, is dominant over the b allele, which is for a... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word peruse in its traditional sense? | [
"Jasper perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.",
"Jasper perused a clothing catalog as he waited for his appointment, flipping through the pages distractedly."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses peruse in its traditional sense: to examine in detail.
Jasper perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.
The second text uses peruse in its nontraditional sense: to look through in a casual manner.
Jasper perused a clothing catalog as he waite... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the penny's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the penny and Earth () as the penny fell toward the bottom of the well. | [
"decreased",
"stayed the same",
"increased"
] | 0 | Read the text about an object in motion.
Sofia dropped a penny in a wishing well. The penny fell to the bottom of the well as she made a wish. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the penny and the center of Earth changed.
The bottom of the well is lower than the point where Sofia dropped the penny. As it fell toward the bottom of the well, the distance between the penny and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between ... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The Kramer family is going to spend two weeks in Ocean City, but for Jim it will be a working vacation, since he'll be checking in with the office every day. | [
"oxymoron",
"hyperbole"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Working vacation is a contradiction, because going on a vacation implies that you are taking a break from work. | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Maryland",
"New Jersey",
"Connecticut",
"Arizona"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Connecticut is farthest north. | ||
Which is the main persuasive appeal used in this ad? | [
"pathos (emotion)",
"logos (reason)",
"ethos (character)"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Persuasive strategies | Identify appeals to ethos, pathos, and logos in advertisements | The purpose of an advertisement is to persuade people to do something. To accomplish this purpose, advertisements use three types of persuasive strategies, or appeals:
Appeals to ethos, or character, show that the writer or speaker is trustworthy or is an authority on a subject. An ad that appeals to ethos might do one... | The ad appeals to pathos, or emotion. It links the product to freedom from embarrassment. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word greet on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
gander - glider | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since greet is not between the guide words gander - glider, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"blue",
"soft"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
A soft object changes shape when pressed or squeezed. The melted marshmallow is soft.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The melted marshmallow is not blue. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Harold's '64 Impala groaned as he turned the ignition. Yet again he resolved to refurbish it over the summer. | [
"metaphor",
"personification"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses personification, giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Harold's '64 Impala groaned describes the car as if it were human. | |
Which animal's skin is also adapted for survival in cold places? | [
"Amazon milk frog",
"Eurasian lynx"
] | 1 | Snowy owls live in the cold, snowy plains of the Arctic. The 's skin is adapted to help the animal survive in cold places.
Figure: snowy owl. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the snowy owl.
The snowy owl has a thick coat of feathers covering its skin. Its skin is adapted for survival in cold places. The snowy owl uses its feathers to keep warm in cold weather.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
During the winter, the Eurasian ly... | |
What can Bernard and Troy trade to each get what they want? | [
"Troy can trade his broccoli for Bernard's oranges.",
"Troy can trade his almonds for Bernard's tomatoes.",
"Bernard can trade his tomatoes for Troy's broccoli.",
"Bernard can trade his tomatoes for Troy's sandwich."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Bernard and Troy open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Both of them could be happier with their lunches. Bernard wanted... | closed choice | grade6 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Bernard wanted broccoli in his lunch and Troy was hoping for tomatoes. Look at the labeled part of the images.
Bernard has tomatoes. Troy has broccoli. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both be happier. Trading other things would not help either person get more items they want. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Hector inherited this trait? | [
"Hector's parents were born with straight hair. They passed down this trait to Hector.",
"Hector and his father both have short hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Hector has straight hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Jack noticed that fall usually has mild temperatures. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Jack noticed that fall usually has mild temperatures.
This passage tells you about the usual fall temperatures where Jack lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
Which material is this swimsuit made of? | [
"plastic",
"polyester"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials. | Look at the picture of the swimsuit.
The swimsuit is made of polyester.
Polyester is a strong and light synthetic fabric. Synthetic materials are created by people. Polyester can be woven into materials to make clothes or even seat belts! It can also be used as stuffing in pillows and furniture. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is there a surplus or a shortage of tickets? | [
"surplus",
"shortage"
] | 0 | There are 300 concert tickets for sale. Tickets cost $20 each. At that price, there are 200 people who want to buy a ticket. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Identify shortage and surplus | There is a surplus if there is too much for sale at a given price.
There is a shortage if there is not enough for sale at a given price.
Surpluses and shortages usually happen when people who are selling goods or services charge too much or too little.
When the price is too high, consumers will not want to buy much of ... | At the current price, there are too many tickets for sale. There are 300 tickets for sale, but only 200 people want to buy a ticket.
So, there is a surplus of tickets. The ticket seller will not get any money for the leftover tickets. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following statement true or false?
Plant cells do not have chloroplasts. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 0 | true-or false | grade4 | natural science | biology | Cells | Cell part functions: true or false | Plant cells do not have chloroplasts.
This statement is false. Most plant cells have chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, the green substance that gives plants their color. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
All the popular guys at school are dyeing their hair purple, so you should, too! | [
"hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that someone should dye his hair purple, because other people are dyeing their hair purple. However, even though some people are dyeing their hair purple, that doesn't necessarily mean that everyone else should. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the bandwagon fallacy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word factoid in its traditional sense? | [
"As a geneticist, Justine dislikes many popular sci-fi movies because they often present audiences with factoids that misrepresent her field.",
"As a geneticist, Justine enjoys watching science documentaries and sharing various factoids she's learned with her colleagues."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses factoid in its traditional sense: something made up presented as a true fact.
As a geneticist, Justine dislikes many popular sci-fi movies because they often present audiences with factoids that misrepresent her field.
The second text uses factoid in its nontraditional sense: a trivial but true fact... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"One fine Day",
"One Fine Day"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The correct title is One Fine Day. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Dr. Shepherd is unhappy with her new assistant because simple tasks, like fetching coffee, take him years to finish. | [
"hyperbole",
"oxymoron"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
Take him years to finish is an exaggeration, since it probably does not take him entire years to fetch coffee. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the volume of a bowl of soup? | [
"10 gallons",
"10 fluid ounces",
"10 cups"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a bowl of soup is 10 fluid ounces.
10 cups and 10 gallons are both too much. |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Rhode Island",
"North Dakota",
"Arizona",
"Virginia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Arizona is farthest south. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Leslie acquired this trait? | [
"Leslie learned to speak two languages in school.",
"Leslie's mother speaks one language."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Leslie speaks two languages. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Select the organism in the same species as the Indian rock python. | [
"Python bivittatus",
"Python molurus",
"Melanoplus bivittatus"
] | 1 | This organism is an Indian rock python. Its scientific name is Python molurus. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | An Indian rock python's scientific name is Python molurus.
Python molurus is in the same genus as Python bivittatus, but they are not in the same species.
Organisms in the same species have the same scientific names. Python molurus and Python bivittatus are different species within the same genus.
Python molurus has th... | |
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"Asia",
"North America",
"Africa"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect North America or Asia. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the living thing. | [
"shoe",
"opossum"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. Living things use this energy to grow and change. All living things grow and change during their lives.
All living things sense changes in the world around them. Living things might sense ... | A shoe is not a living thing.
Shoes do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to the world around them. They do not need food or water.
An opossum is a living thing.
Opossums grow and respond to the world around them. They need food and water. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the temperature of the air on a cold, snowy day? | [
"21°F",
"21°C"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Estimate temperatures | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Temperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C). Use the list below to compare the two units.
212°F | Water boils | 100°C
98.6°F | Body temperature | 37°C
68°F ... | The better estimate for the temperature of the air on a cold, snowy day is 21°F.
21°C is too hot. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1."
] | 1 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The larger the magnets, the greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is larger in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnitud... | |
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"blue",
"bouncy"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. Neither of the objects are blue.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. Both objects are bouncy.
The property that both objects have in common is bouncy. | |
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"South America",
"Asia",
"Africa"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect South America or Asia. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"Sleeping through the rooster's crowing was no problem," Dale joked with a yawn. | [
"Dale finds roosters amusing.",
"Dale slept poorly."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Sleeping through the rooster's crowing was no problem ironically suggests that Dale slept poorly. Dale was tired, so the rooster's crowing was clearly a problem. | |
Which property matches this object? | [
"sweet",
"salty"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify properties of an object | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Look at the object.
Think about each property.
Sugar has a sweet taste. The chocolate syrup is sweet.
Potato chips have a salty taste. The chocolate syrup is not salty. | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Iowa",
"Florida",
"South Carolina",
"Virginia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Iowa is farthest north. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Mr. King was reaching for the ladle in the gravy bowl when his wife took it away.",
"Mr. King was reaching for the ladle in the gravy bowl when his wife took the ladle away."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it could refer to the ladle or the gravy bowl.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the ladle.
Mr. King was reaching for the ladle in the gravy bowl when his wife took the l... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the metaphor in this text suggest?
Let us be grateful to people who make us happy; they are the charming gardeners who make our souls blossom.
—Marcel Proust | [
"People who cultivate beautiful gardens make us happy.",
"People nourish our souls when they make us happy."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town. | The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The metaphor they are the charming gardeners suggests that people nourish our souls when they make us happy. Like gardeners caring for flowers, our friends help our souls thrive and grow. | |
Select the bird below. | [
"ostrich",
"Mojave rattlesnake"
] | 0 | Birds have feathers, two wings, and a beak. A bald eagle is an example of a bird. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | An ostrich is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
A Mojave rattlesnake is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | When is Thanksgiving celebrated in the United States? | [
"on January 12",
"on the second Sunday of September",
"on the fourth Thursday of November",
"on December 5"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | civics | Cultural celebrations | Thanksgiving | This is a symbol of the harvest. It shows fruits and vegetables that are picked in the fall.
In the United States, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November.
In the past, Thanksgiving celebrated the harvest. It celebrated the food that was picked in the fall. So, Thanksgiving is celebrated in the fa... | ||
What is the capital of Colorado? | [
"Hartford",
"Little Rock",
"Boulder",
"Denver"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Denver is the capital of Colorado. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence is more formal? | [
"The president and prime minister discussed new trade regulations and announced that they were in agreement.",
"The president and prime minister discussed new trade regulations and announced that they were on the same page."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The second sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses an idiom (on the same page).
The first sentence uses formal language in place of the idiom, so it is more formal overall. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor?
The joking boys and girls are silly clowns. | [
"metaphor",
"simile"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Identify similes and metaphors | Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A che... | The joking boys and girls are silly clowns.
The words boys and girls and clowns are compared without the word like or as. So, the sentence uses a metaphor. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has the least thermal energy? | [
"a 7-kilogram block of copper at a temperature of 17°C",
"a 7-kilogram block of copper at a temperature of 19°C",
"a 7-kilogram block of copper at a temperature of 27°C"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both ... | All three blocks of copper have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 17°C block is the coldest, it has the least thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the mass of a small candy bar? | [
"45 kilograms",
"45 grams"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of a small candy bar is 45 grams.
45 kilograms is too heavy. |
Which of the following could Owen's test show? | [
"if at least 20% of the park would be shaded by trees in each design",
"which design would have the least traffic noise in the concert area",
"which design would have the greatest distance between the concert area and the road"
] | 2 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Which of the following statements describess living in an independent city-state? | [
"My city rules itself and is not part of a larger country.",
"All the decisions about my city are made by a faraway emperor.",
"I live by myself in the wilderness.",
"I vote for a president that rules over many different cities."
] | 0 | Athens was one of the most powerful independent city-states in ancient Greece. Look at the definitions below. Then answer the question. | closed choice | grade6 | social science | world-history | Greece | Classical Athens: geography and society | Look at the definitions.
Putting the definitions together, an independent city-state is a self-ruling city with its own government. So, a city-state rules itself and is not part of a larger country.
The ancient Greeks called a city-state a polis, which was the ancient Greek word for city. Today, the root word "polis" i... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two beluga whales. Which beluga whale was moving at a higher speed? | [
"a beluga whale that moved 10miles in 5hours",
"a beluga whale that moved 15miles in 5hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects movi... | Look at the distance each beluga whale moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One beluga whale moved 15 miles in 5 hours.
The other beluga whale moved 10 miles in 5 hours.
Notice that each beluga whale spent the same amount of time moving. The beluga whale that moved 15 miles moved a farther distance in that... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Red velvet cupcakes were Brooke's Achilles's heel when she was trying to eat more healthily. | [
"a movie",
"Greek mythology"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Achilles's heel is Greek mythology.
In Greek mythology, Achilles's mother dips him in a river that protects his body wherever it touches. His heel does not get wet, so it is the one part of his body left unprotected. During the Trojan War, an arrow hits Achilles in the heel and kills him.
The... | |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert? | [
"fennec fox",
"Amazon milk frog"
] | 0 | Thorny devils are lizards that live in the deserts of Australia. The is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.
Figure: thorny devil. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the thorny devil.
The thorny devil has a yellow-and-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The fennec fox has sand-colored fur covering its skin. It is adapted... | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
... | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample B",
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A mus... | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"fragile",
"sticky",
"hard"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. The ceramic mug is fragile, but the shield is not.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. The rainbow sucker and the ice pop are sticky, but the shield is not.
A hard object does n... | |
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"stretchy",
"scratchy",
"hard"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. None of the objects are hard.
A stretchy object gets longer when you pull on it. All three objects are stretchy.
A scratchy object is rough and itchy against your skin. The rubber band and... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a long-distance running race? | [
"33 kilometers",
"33 centimeters"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 16 long. You might be thinking, 16 what? Is the pencil 16 centimeters long? 16 meters? 16 kilometers?
The number 16 on its own does not give you much informa... | The better estimate for the length of a long-distance running race is 33 kilometers.
33 centimeters is too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the water balloon's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Earth () as the water balloon fell toward Nate. | [
"decreased",
"stayed the same",
"increased"
] | 0 | Read the text about an object in motion.
Mariana dropped a water balloon off a balcony. The water balloon fell toward her friend Nate, who was standing below the balcony. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth changed.
Nate was lower than the balcony. As the water balloon fell toward Nate, the distance between the water balloon and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the water balloon and Earth decr... |
Which animal's skin is better adapted as a warning sign to ward off predators? | [
"peppered moth",
"blue poison dart frog"
] | 1 | Flamboyant cuttlefish are poisonous animals with brightly colored skin. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the animal is poisonous. The 's skin is adapted to ward off predators.
Figure: flamboyant cuttlefish. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the flamboyant cuttlefish.
The flamboyant cuttlefish has a poisonous body with brightly colored skin. Its skin is adapted to ward off predators. The bright colors serve as a warning sign that the flamboyant cuttlefish is poisonous.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar ad... | |
Select the fish below. | [
"piranha",
"zebra"
] | 0 | Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs. A manta ray is an example of a fish. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. The animals in each group have traits in common.
Scientists sort animals into groups based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification. | A piranha is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
A zebra is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"fragile",
"translucent",
"hard"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. The icicle and the water pitcher are fragile, but the brick wall and the building blocks are not.
A translucent object lets light through. But you cannot see clearly through a translucent object... | |
Which material is this clothespin made of? | [
"porcelain",
"metal"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the clothespin.
The clothespin is made of two different materials. The body is made of wood, and the spring is made of metal. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence is more formal? | [
"Although penguins, ostriches, and kiwis are birds, they cannot fly.",
"Penguins, ostriches, and kiwis can't fly, even though they are birds."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Author's purpose and tone | Which sentence is more formal? | Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise lan... | The first sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses a contraction (can't).
The second sentence does not use a contraction, so it is more formal. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Use the evidence in the text to select the photosynthetic organism. | [
"Emerald tree boas eat only once every few months. The boas eat small animals, which their bodies break down for energy.",
"Snake plants use carbon dioxide and water to make sugars. These plants use the sugars to get the energy they need to live."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Plants | Identify the photosynthetic organism | Organisms that carry out photosynthesis are called photosynthetic organisms. During photosynthesis, these organisms use light energy to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen.
Photosynthetic organisms also often have the following characteristics:
They are producers, which are organisms that make their ow... | This organism is photosynthetic:
The text tells you that snake plants use carbon dioxide and water to make sugars, and then use these sugars to get energy. This is evidence that the snake plant is a photosynthetic organism.
This organism is not photosynthetic:
The text does not provide evidence that the emerald tree bo... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
The mouse nibbles on the bread. | [
"future tense",
"past tense",
"present tense"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, nibbles. The verb ends in -s and tells you about something that is true or happening now. | |
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"South America",
"Europe",
"North America"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Identify oceans and continents | A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth. | This continent is North America. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Undyne's phenotype for the body color trait? | [
"a golden body",
"bb"
] | 0 | In a group of guppies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a golden body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a gray body, and the allele b is for a golden body.
Undyne, a guppy from this group, has a golden body. Undyne has two alleles for a golden body. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Undyne's observable version of the body color trait is a golden body. So, Undyne's phenotype for the body color trait is a golden body. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word terribly in its traditional sense? | [
"After the birth of their child, Brooke and Edwin hardly slept; for weeks, the newborn baby cried terribly throughout the night.",
"After the birth of their child, Brooke and Edwin were terribly exhausted; for weeks, the newborn baby cried throughout the night."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses terribly in its traditional sense: in a terrible manner.
After the birth of their child, Brooke and Edwin hardly slept; for weeks, the newborn baby cried terribly throughout the night.
The second text uses terribly in its nontraditional sense: extremely; very.
After the birth of their child, Brooke ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Steve and his brother exercise, they run on the track.",
"The friends walk on the beach."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | The friends walk on the beach is a complete sentence. The subject is the friends, and the verb is walk. |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.