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Is lava a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a solid",
"a gas",
"a liquid"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify and sort solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Lava is a liquid. A liquid can change shape. But it still takes up the same amount of space.
Lava is melted rock. Rock is usually a solid. But when it gets hot enough, it can melt! Unlike solid rock, lava can change shape easily and flow. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one animal that has all of the bird traits listed above. | [
"Great crested newts have moist brown skin with black spots. Adult great crested newts mostly live on land, but young newts live underwater. Great crested newt eggs do not have shells. The female newts wrap their eggs in leaves for protection.",
"Great blue herons have two wings with bluish-gray feathers. Their e... | 1 | Birds are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify birds:
They have feathers.
They have wings.
They have a beak.
They make eggs with shells. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Birds have the following traits:
They have feathers.
They have wings.
They have a beak.
They make eggs with shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A great crested... |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Desmond inherited this trait? | [
"Desmond's mother cuts his hair every month.",
"Desmond's parents have blond hair. They passed down this trait to Desmond."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Desmond has blond hair. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that the sled's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth () as Rosa rode down the hill. | [
"stayed the same",
"decreased",
"increased"
] | 1 | Read the text about an object in motion.
On a snowy day, Rosa rode her sled down a big hill. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between the sled and the center of Earth changed.
The bottom of the hill was lower than the point where Rosa started sledding. As Rosa rode toward the bottom of the hill, the distance between the sled and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between t... |
Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown? | [
"5°C",
"-10°C",
"0°C"
] | 1 | The map below shows air temperatures in the lower atmosphere on March 19, 2017. The outlined area shows an air mass that influenced weather in Asia on that day.
Look at the map. Then, answer the question below.
Data source: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laboratory, ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Identify and compare air masses | To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures.
The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For ... | Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent.
5°C.
-10°C is within this range.
0°C and 5°C are outside of this range. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare strengths of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
You c... | Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. When magnets are closer together, the magnetic force between them is stronger.
The magnets in Pair 1 are closer together than the magnets in Pair 2. So, the magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1 than in Pair 2. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a book? | [
"***Left or Right***",
"\"Left or Right?\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A book should be in italics.
The correct title is **Left or Right**. | |
Is helium a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | Helium is a gas. A gas expands to fill a space.
Helium is lighter than air. So, if you fill a balloon with helium, the balloon will rise. If helium leaks out of the balloon, the helium will expand into the space around the balloon. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 2 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | The particles in both samples have the same average speed, but each particle in sample B has more mass than each particle in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sample B mus... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a bike path? | [
"4 kilometers",
"4 centimeters"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 16 long. You might be thinking, 16 what? Is the pencil 16 centimeters long? 16 meters? 16 kilometers?
The number 16 on its own does not give you much informa... | The better estimate for the length of a bike path is 4 kilometers.
4 centimeters is too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a leather belt? | [
"34 inches",
"34 feet",
"34 miles",
"34 yards"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a leather belt is 34 inches.
34 feet, 34 yards, and 34 miles are all too long. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Harry decides to go on the scorpion. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Harry will have more fun on the scorpion than he would have had on the screaming swing.",
"Harry will spend more ride tickets on the scorpion than he would have spent on the screaming swing."
] | 1 | Harry is deciding which ride to go on at the fair. He can go on either the scorpion or the screaming swing. He wants to have as much fun as possible at the fair. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Harry wants or needs:
Harry will spend more ride tickets on the scorpion than he would have spent on the screaming swing. |
What is the capital of Wyoming? | [
"Cheyenne",
"Raleigh",
"Laramie",
"Saint Paul"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming. | |||
Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal that does not have a backbone. | [
"dung beetle",
"tiger"
] | 0 | Hint: Insects, spiders, and worms do not have backbones. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify animals with and without backbones | Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.
Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho... | A tiger is a mammal. Like other mammals, a tiger has a backbone.
A dung beetle is an insect. Like other insects, a dung beetle does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover. |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Vanuatu",
"Nauru",
"Australia",
"Solomon Islands"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Vanuatu.
Does Vanuatu have any territorial disputes?
Vanuatu claims to own Matthew and Hunter Islands, which are disputed islands. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the islands rightfully belong to them.
France has controlled the islands since 1929. But shortly after gaining indepe... | |||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Asia",
"South America",
"Africa",
"Australia"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Africa. | ||
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | Figure: Glacier Bay.
Humpback whales migrate each spring from Mexico to Alaska. They are often seen in Glacier Bay, Alaska, in late spring. Light winds are common in the spring, averaging eight miles per hour in May.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of wea... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Humpback whales migrate each spring from Mexico to Alaska. They are often seen in Glacier Bay, Alaska, in late spring. Light winds are common in the spring, averaging eight miles per hour in May.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual wind patterns in Glacier Bay. This ... | |
Select the organism in the same species as the European nightjar. | [
"Caprimulgus europaeus",
"Ardea alba",
"Caprimulgus macrurus"
] | 0 | This organism is a European nightjar. Its scientific name is Caprimulgus europaeus. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A European nightjar's scientific name is Caprimulgus europaeus.
Ardea alba does not have the same scientific name as a European nightjar. So, Caprimulgus europaeus and Ardea alba are not in the same species.
Caprimulgus europaeus has the same scientific name as a European nightjar. So, these organisms are in the same s... | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 1 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | The table tells you that Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the planets made mainly of rock. Of these planets, Earth is the largest. So, Earth is the largest planet that is made mainly of rock. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a song? | [
"\"Home on the Range\"",
"Home on the Range"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A song should be in quotation marks.
The correct title is "Home on the Range." | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
There was a clear consensus in the Hampton family that they should put their dog to sleep, rather than let him continue to suffer. | [
"oxymoron",
"euphemism"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a euphemism, a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
Put their dog to sleep is a more indirect way of saying have the veterinarian kill their dog. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The salesperson tried hard to convince Marco that the jacket was a good buy; after all, it was made of genuine imitation leather. | [
"apostrophe",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Genuine imitation is a contradiction, because genuine means real, and imitation means fake or synthetic. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Read the following text from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her word choice?
I saw a movie called Blob Invasion. It was really good. It was about a weird guy who was into science. He worked on bugs and small animals. He made a machine that did things to the bugs and the animals. They became big... | [
"by using more specific language",
"by reducing repetitive language"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | When you review a fellow student's writing, try to make your feedback clear and specific. You can use questions such as the following to guide your feedback:
Ideas and development: Does the writer express a clear main idea and develop it with evidence, examples, and analysis?
Organization: Does the writer order ideas i... | The writer could best improve his or her word choice by using more specific language.
For example, the writer could replace the underlined text with more specific language, such as incredibly entertaining, strange scientist, experimented, invented, transformed, giant slimy blobs, morphed into, giant, oozed, horrible, a... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
water boiling on a stove
tearing a piece of paper | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Water boiling on the stove is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.
Tearing a piece of paper is a physical change. The paper tears into pieces. But each piece is still made of paper.
Step 2: Look at e... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
Mixing copper and zinc to make brass is a (). | [
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Mixing copper and zinc to make brass is a physical change. To make brass, a furnace melts the copper and zinc so that they can be mixed easily.
Solid brass forms when the mixture cools. The copper and zinc are now combined as brass. But they are still made of the same types of matter as before. | |
Which state is highlighted? | [
"Vermont",
"Maine",
"Delaware",
"New Hampshire"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | States | Identify states of the Northeast | This state is Maine. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Fishie's phenotype for the body color trait? | [
"a gray body",
"BB"
] | 0 | In a group of guppies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a golden body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a gray body, and the allele b is for a golden body.
Fishie, a guppy from this group, has a gray body. Fishie has two alleles for a gray body. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Fishie's observable version of the body color trait is a gray body. So, Fishie's phenotype for the body color trait is a gray body. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
crushing a mineral into powder
beating an egg | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Crushing a mineral into powder is a physical change. The mineral breaks into tiny pieces. But it is still made of the same type of matter.
Beating an egg is a physical change. Beating an egg mixes together the egg white, egg yolk, and some air. But mixing them together does not form a d... | |
Does Victoria amazonica have cells that have a nucleus? | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | This organism is Victoria amazonica. It is a member of the plant kingdom.
Victoria amazonica is commonly called the giant water lily. A single leaf can be over eight feet wide! The giant water lily grows in shallow water in the Amazon river basin. | yes or no | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms | In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms.
Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below sho... | Victoria amazonica is a plant. Plant cells have a nucleus. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Sterling's genotype for the coat color gene? | [
"LL",
"a black coat"
] | 0 | In a group of horses, some individuals have a black coat and others have a reddish-brown coat. In this group, the gene for the coat color trait has two alleles. The allele L is for a black coat, and the allele l is for a reddish-brown coat.
Sterling, a horse from this group, has a black coat. Sterling has two alleles f... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Sterling has two alleles for a black coat (L). So, Sterling's genotype for the coat color gene is LL. |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample B have a higher average speed than the particles in sample A. So, the particles in sample B have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample A.
Because the particles in sample B have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"book",
"bark"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the book is smoother. If you touch paper, it will not feel rough or bumpy. | |
Which statement describes the Great Basin Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has year-round snow.",
"It has a small amount of rain or snow.",
"It has a medium amount of rain."
] | 1 | Figure: Great Basin Desert.
The Great Basin Desert is a cold desert ecosystem in the western United States that covers much of Nevada. This desert also covers parts of Utah, California, and Idaho. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A cold desert is a type of ecosystem. Cold deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain or snow, dry, thin soil, and long, cold winters. So, the following statement describes the Great Basin Desert ecosystem: a small amount of rain or snow, dry, thin soil, and long, cold winters. It has a small amount of... | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"California",
"Washington",
"Maine",
"South Dakota"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. California is farthest south. | ||
Which ocean is highlighted? | [
"the Southern Ocean",
"the Atlantic Ocean",
"the Indian Ocean",
"the Pacific Ocean"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | Oceans are huge bodies of salt water. The world has five oceans. All of the oceans are connected, making one world ocean. | This is the Pacific Ocean. | ||
In this food chain, the Arctic bell-heather is a producer. Why? | [
"It eats another organism.",
"It makes its own food."
] | 1 | This diagram shows a food chain from Baffin Island, a tundra ecosystem in Canada. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other organisms. C... | In this food chain, the Arctic bell-heather is a producer because it makes its own food. The Arctic bell-heather uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make its own food. | |
What is the capital of Arizona? | [
"Cambridge",
"Carson City",
"Phoenix",
"Sacramento"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Phoenix is the capital of Arizona. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
President Stewart is an effective communicator, because he has a natural talent for speaking with people. | [
"hasty generalization: a very broad claim based on very little evidence",
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that President Stewart is an effective communicator because he communicates well. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning. | |
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample A",
"sample B"
] | 1 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in the two samples has the same mass, but the particles in sample A have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sampl... | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the gray heron. | [
"Tigrisoma mexicanum",
"Ardea alba",
"Falco peregrinus"
] | 1 | This organism is a gray heron. Its scientific name is Ardea cinerea. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A gray heron's scientific name is Ardea cinerea. The first word of its scientific name is Ardea.
Falco peregrinus is in the genus Falco. The first word of its scientific name is Falco. So, Falco peregrinus and Ardea cinerea are not in the same genus.
Ardea alba is in the genus Ardea. The first word of its scientific na... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
snug - spider | [
"serve",
"soon"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since soon is between the guide words snug - spider, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
After spending weeks in New York City, Olivia was a bit unnerved by the deafening silence of her small hometown. | [
"euphemism",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Deafening silence is a contradiction, because deafening describes something extremely loud, and silence is the absence of sound. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The donkeys move the carts at the same speed. Which cart is pulled with a larger force? | [
"a cart holding 63 pounds",
"a cart holding 65 pounds"
] | 1 | Two donkeys pull carts from the farmhouse to the yard. The carts are the same. Each cart is holding different tools. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the cart that is heavier.
A cart holding 65 pounds is heavier than a cart holding 63 pounds. So, the cart holding 65 pounds needs a larger force to start moving at the same speed as the other cart. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Reggie investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do the squirrels eat walnuts from large feeders more often than from small feeders?",
"Which type of tree do the squirrels feed from most often?",
"Do the squirrels select sunflower seeds or walnuts more often?"
] | 2 | Reggie enjoys feeding the squirrels in his backyard. He notices that they spend a lot of time collecting seeds and nuts. He wonders about what factors affect which foods squirrels choose to collect. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two identical squirrel feeders
a bag of ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Select the organism in the same species as the black-footed cat. | [
"Felis nigripes",
"Lynx rufus",
"Lynx canadensis"
] | 0 | This organism is a black-footed cat. Its scientific name is Felis nigripes. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A black-footed cat's scientific name is Felis nigripes.
Felis nigripes has the same scientific name as a black-footed cat. So, these organisms are in the same species.
Lynx canadensis does not have the same scientific name as a black-footed cat. So, Felis nigripes and Lynx canadensis are not in the same species.
Lynx r... | |
Identify the question that Cara and Preston's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does Cara's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?",
"Does Cara's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Cara applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four more... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Nauru",
"the Marshall Islands",
"Tuvalu",
"Kiribati"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Kiribati. | |||
What is the capital of New Hampshire? | [
"Raleigh",
"Concord",
"Manchester",
"Juneau"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Concord is the capital of New Hampshire. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Mabel plays tennis. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Playing tennis takes practice. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to play tennis. Instead, some people learn how to play tennis. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing tennis is an acquired trait. |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Papua New Guinea",
"Samoa",
"New Zealand",
"Australia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Australia.
Is Australia a country or a continent?
Both! Australia is a country in Oceania, a region made up of many lands and islands in the Pacific Ocean. Many people say that Australia is the world's smallest continent. But some people call Oceania a continent instead. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the bird. | [
"sugar glider",
"whale shark",
"peafowl",
"porcupinefish"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds have feathers, two wings, and a beak. | A sugar glider is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Sugar gliders can jump long distances from tree to tree. They have flaps of loose skin on their sides. These flaps help them stay in the air.
A whale shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Whale sharks are the largest fish in the wo... | |
Identify the question that Trisha's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do the temperatures inside boxes depend on the sizes of the boxes?",
"Do the insides of white boxes get hotter than the insides of black boxes when the boxes are left in the sun?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Trisha glued lids onto 16 cardboard shoe boxes of equal size. She painted eight of the boxes black and eight of the boxes white. Trisha made a small hole in the side of each box and then stuck a thermometer partially in... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What does this Works Cited entry indicate about the cited work?
2015 Scholarship Handbook. New York: The College Board, 2014. Print. | [
"New York is the web page title.",
"The College Board is the publisher.",
"It is an article."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | reference-skills | Research skills | Understand a Works Cited entry (MLA 7th edition) | When writing research papers, you will often be asked to follow a particular style guide for your citations. One popular style guide is the Modern Language Association (MLA) Handbook.
Below are the basic formats for some common types of Works Cited entries. Consult the MLA Handbook for a complete list.
Books:
Format | ... | Look closely at the Works Cited entry:
2015 Scholarship Handbook. New York: The College Board, 2014. Print.
You can tell that The College Board is the publisher by looking at the publisher name, which appears after the place of publication. | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"New York",
"North Carolina",
"Kentucky",
"Arkansas"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. New York is farthest north. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | The trucks begin to move at the same speed. Which truck needs a larger force to start moving? | [
"a mail truck carrying 300 pounds of mail",
"a mail truck carrying 200 pounds of mail"
] | 0 | Two mail trucks are loaded with mail. The trucks are the same. But they are carrying different amounts of mail. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | How do mass and force affect motion? | A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. Y... | Look for the mail truck that is heavier.
A mail truck carrying 300 pounds of mail is heavier than a mail truck carrying 200 pounds of mail. So, the mail truck carrying 300 pounds needs a larger force to start moving at the same speed as the other mail truck. |
What is the capital of Kansas? | [
"Kansas City",
"Wichita",
"Columbus",
"Topeka"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Topeka is the capital of Kansas. | |||
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Texas",
"Maine",
"Nebraska",
"Indiana"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Texas is farthest south. | ||
Which statement describes the Catoctin Mountain Park ecosystem? | [
"It has many different types of trees.",
"It has soil that is poor in nutrients.",
"It has soil that is rich in nutrients."
] | 2 | Figure: Catoctin Mountain Park.
Catoctin Mountain Park is a temperate deciduous forest ecosystem in Maryland. Most of this forest was cut down for its wood in the early 1900s. But since the 1940s, conservation efforts have allowed the forest to return to much of this park. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A temperate deciduous forest is a type of ecosystem. Temperate deciduous forests have the following features: warm, wet summers and cold, wet winters, soil that is rich in nutrients, and only a few types of trees. So, the following statement describes the Catoctin Mountain Park ecosystem: warm, wet summers and cold, we... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one animal that has all of the bird traits listed above. | [
"Red salamanders do not have lungs! They can breathe through their moist, smooth skin. Adult red salamanders live near rivers or ponds. They lay eggs with no shells under rocks or logs. The baby red salamanders live underwater.",
"Greater flameback woodpeckers have feathers and two wings. They use their strong be... | 1 | Birds are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify birds:
They have feathers.
They have wings.
They have a beak.
They make eggs with shells. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Birds have the following traits:
They have feathers.
They have wings.
They have a beak.
They make eggs with shells.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A red salamande... |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Vanuatu",
"Fiji",
"New Zealand",
"Nauru"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Nauru. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Where Mark lives, winter is the rainiest season of the year. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Where Mark lives, winter is the rainiest season of the year.
This passage tells you about the usual precipitation where Mark lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Marco acquired this trait? | [
"Marco learned biology by doing experiments.",
"Marco is most interested in plant biology."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Marco knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"slippery",
"hard",
"transparent"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
You can see clearly through a transparent object. None of the objects are transparent.
A slippery object is hard to hold onto or stand on. All four objects are slippery.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The wet paint, the... | |
What is the capital of New Jersey? | [
"Trenton",
"Phoenix",
"Manchester",
"Harrisburg"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Trenton is the capital of New Jersey. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Hans Christian Andersen's version of \"The Little Mermaid\" is not as poignant as modern retellings of the story.",
"Hans Christian Andersen produced many fairy tales, including \"The Little Mermaid\" and \"The Ugly Duckling,\" during his literary career."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Distinguish facts from opinions | Statements of fact make claims that are based on research, observation, or experimentation. Facts can be proved with evidence.
Napoleon Bonaparte was shorter than King Louis XVI.
This statement is a fact. The statement can be verified by researching and comparing the height of each man.
Statements of opinion make claim... | The first sentence states a fact. It can be verified by looking up the stories written by Hans Christian Andersen.
Hans Christian Andersen produced many fairy tales, including "The Little Mermaid" and "The Ugly Duckling," during his literary career.
The second sentence states an opinion. Not as poignant as indicates a ... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Jamaica",
"The Bahamas",
"Cuba",
"Trinidad and Tobago"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | The Americas: geography | Identify and select countries of the Caribbean | This country is Cuba.
Does Cuba have any territorial disputes?
Cuba claims to own Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
The United States controls the area and uses it as a military base and prison. A treaty... | |||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Tonga",
"the Marshall Islands",
"the Federated States of Micronesia",
"Solomon Islands"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Marshall Islands.
Does the Marshall Islands have any territorial disputes?
The Marshall Islands claims to own Wake Island, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
The United States claimed Wake Island in 1899 and has... | |||
Select the reptile below. | [
"elongated tortoise",
"eagle ray",
"porcupinefish",
"fruit bat"
] | 0 | Reptiles have scaly, waterproof skin. Most reptiles live on land.
Reptiles are cold-blooded. The body temperature of cold-blooded animals depends on their environment.
A Mojave rattlesnake is an example of a reptile. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. | A porcupinefish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Porcupinefish can puff up their bodies with air or water to scare off predators.
A fruit bat is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Fruit bats eat fruit and drink nectar from flowers. They have special teeth to help them bite through fr... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
When Porter finally agreed to let his daughter adopt the stray dog, she responded with a smile that was a mile wide. | [
"oxymoron",
"hyperbole"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
A smile that was a mile wide is an exaggeration, since it is physically impossible to have a smile that is actually a mile wide. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a run-on sentence? | [
"Some nice women and their young children.",
"The people march through the streets, they want to be heard."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence, a fragment, or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is usually missing a subject or a verb.
Knows the answer.
This is a sentence fragment. It is missing a subj... | The people march through the streets, they want to be heard is a run-on sentence. It has two sentences that are joined by just a comma: The people march through the streets and They want to be heard. | |
In this food chain, the whirligig beetle is a secondary consumer. Why? | [
"It eats a primary consumer.",
"It eats a producer.",
"It eats a tertiary consumer."
] | 0 | This diagram shows a food chain from Lake Superior, a freshwater ecosystem on the border of the United States and Canada. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Ca... | In this food chain, the whirligig beetle is a secondary consumer because it eats a primary consumer. The primary consumer in this food chain is the mayfly. | |
Which animal is also adapted for flight? | [
"flamingo",
"white-cheeked gibbon"
] | 0 | Flying foxes live in the forests of Southeast Asia and Australia. The has wings. It is adapted for flight.
Figure: flying fox. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
Arms, legs, flippers, and wings are different types of limbs. The type of limbs an animal has is an example of an adaptation. Animals' limbs can be adapted in different ways. For examp... | Look at the picture of the flying fox.
The flying fox has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight. Long, powerful wings help the flying fox travel long distances by air.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The flamingo has large, powerful wings. It is adapted for flight.
T... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word rhythm on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
rent - rotten | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since rhythm is between the guide words rent - rotten, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
Acid rain weathering a marble statue is a (). | [
"physical change",
"chemical change"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Acid rain weathering a marble statue is a chemical change. The acid rain reacts with the outside of the statue and breaks it down into a different type of matter. This new matter is then washed away by the rain. Acid rain is a type of pollution. It forms when smoke from automobiles and factories mixes with water in clo... | |
Which is this organism's common name? | [
"Goura cristata",
"western crowned pigeon"
] | 1 | This organism is Goura cristata. It is also called a western crowned pigeon. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Identify common and scientific names | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics,... | Goura cristata is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not. So, it is the scientific name.
Goura cristata is the organism's scientific name. So, you know that western crowned pigeon is the common name. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which press release is more formal? | [
"On Nov. 19, musicians from all over town will battle it out in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon, happening at the amphitheater.",
"On November 19, the Fairfax Amphitheater will host area musicians vying for top honors in the fourth annual Jam-a-thon."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second press release is more formal. It uses more elevated language (area musicians, top honors). The other press release uses idioms (battle it out) and abbreviations (Nov.). | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a complete sentence? | [
"Mom drank coffee and milk, I had tea.",
"Over the summer, my cousin Debbie visited many times."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is it a complete sentence or a run-on? | A sentence is a group of words that forms a complete thought. It has both a subject and a verb.
My friends walk along the path.
A run-on sentence is made up of two sentences that are joined without end punctuation or with just a comma.
I knocked on the door it opened.
It started raining, we ran inside.
To fix a run-on ... | Over the summer, my cousin Debbie visited many times is a complete sentence. The subject is my cousin Debbie, and the verb is visited. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on this information, what is Mei's genotype for the whisker type gene? | [
"hh",
"curved whiskers"
] | 0 | In a group of Syrian hamsters, some individuals have straight whiskers and others have curved whiskers. In this group, the gene for the whisker type trait has two alleles. The allele H is for straight whiskers, and the allele h is for curved whiskers.
Mei, a Syrian hamster from this group, has curved whiskers. Mei has ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Mei has two alleles for curved whiskers (h). So, Mei's genotype for the whisker type gene is hh. |
Select the organism in the same genus as the Canada lynx. | [
"Lithobates catesbeianus",
"Lynx pardinus",
"Castor canadensis"
] | 1 | This organism is a Canada lynx. Its scientific name is Lynx canadensis. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A Canada lynx's scientific name is Lynx canadensis. The first word of its scientific name is Lynx.
Lithobates catesbeianus is in the genus Lithobates. The first word of its scientific name is Lithobates. So, Lithobates catesbeianus and Lynx canadensis are not in the same genus.
Lynx pardinus is in the genus Lynx. The f... | |
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"transparent",
"yellow",
"bouncy"
] | 2 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. All three objects are bouncy.
Yellow is a color.
This color is yellow. The inflatable castle is yellow, but the rubber ball and the spring are not.
You can see clearly through a transpar... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a hammer? | [
"6 inches",
"6 yards"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a hammer is 6 inches.
6 yards is too long. |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the ... | |
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"salty",
"bendable"
] | 0 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
Potato chips have a salty taste. Both objects are salty.
A bendable object can be bent without breaking. The potato chips are not bendable.
The property that both objects have in common is salty. | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 1 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit... | |
Which statement describes the Sahara Desert ecosystem? | [
"It has a small amount of rain.",
"It has only a few types of organisms.",
"It has thick, moist soil"
] | 0 | Figure: Sahara Desert.
The Sahara Desert in northern Africa is the largest hot desert in the world. Less than one-fifth of this desert is covered in sand dunes. Most of the Sahara Desert is covered by bare rock, gravel, and pebbles! | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A hot desert is a type of ecosystem. Hot deserts have the following features: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, many different types of organisms, and It has thick, moist soil. So, the following statement describes the Sahara Desert ecosystem: a small amount of rain, dry, thin soil, many different types of organi... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Zachary inherited this trait? | [
"Zachary's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Zachary.",
"Zachary likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Zachary has blue eyes. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Which of the following could Matt's test show? | [
"how well the weather station would work when it was windy",
"if the weather station would work when the temperature was 50°C"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Amy noticed that the sky was filled with cumulus clouds every day last week. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Amy noticed that the sky was filled with cumulus clouds every day last week.
This passage tells you about the clouds Amy saw last week. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which statement describes the skydiver's motion? | [
"The skydiver has a constant velocity.",
"The skydiver is accelerating."
] | 1 | A skydiver is moving downward with decreasing speed as her parachute opens. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Identify whether objects are accelerating | An object's velocity describes its speed and its direction.
An object has a constant velocity when neither its speed nor its direction is changing. So, an object has a constant velocity when the object is:
moving in a straight line at a constant speed, or
remaining motionless.
If an object does not have a constant velo... | The skydiver is slowing down. So, the skydiver is accelerating. |
What can Jen and Nate trade to each get what they want? | [
"Nate can trade his almonds for Jen's tomatoes.",
"Jen can trade her tomatoes for Nate's carrots.",
"Jen can trade her tomatoes for Nate's broccoli.",
"Nate can trade his broccoli for Jen's oranges."
] | 2 | Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Jen and Nate open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Jen nor Nate got everything that they wanted. The table belo... | closed choice | grade8 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Trade and specialization | Look at the table and images.
Jen wants broccoli. Nate wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want. | ||
Which of the following organisms is the tertiary consumer in this food web? | [
"golden algae",
"black crappie",
"rotifer"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from Little Rock Lake, a freshwater lake ecosystem in Wisconsin.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Tertiary consumers eat secondary consumers. So, in a food web, tertiary consumers have arrows pointing to them from secondary consumers. Secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. And primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The copepod has an arrow pointing to it fro... | |
Which state is highlighted? | [
"Georgia",
"Alabama",
"West Virginia",
"Mississippi"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | States | Identify states of the Southeast | This state is Mississippi. | |||
In this food chain, the copepod is a primary consumer. Why? | [
"It eats a primary consumer.",
"It eats a secondary consumer.",
"It eats a producer."
] | 2 | This diagram shows a food chain from a tropical coral reef ecosystem off the coast of Australia. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
The food chain begins with the producer. A producer can change matter that is not food into food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. Ca... | In this food chain, the copepod is a primary consumer because it eats a producer. The producer in this food chain is the diatom. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"the Marshall Islands",
"Kiribati",
"Palau",
"Solomon Islands"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Marshall Islands.
Does the Marshall Islands have any territorial disputes?
The Marshall Islands claims to own Wake Island, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
The United States claimed Wake Island in 1899 and has... | |||
Which of these continents does the equator intersect? | [
"Australia",
"Africa",
"North America"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect Australia or North America. | ||
Select the organism in the same species as the agile wallaby. | [
"Macropus agilis",
"Ovis aries",
"Lontra canadensis"
] | 0 | This organism is an agile wallaby. Its scientific name is Macropus agilis. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | An agile wallaby's scientific name is Macropus agilis.
Lontra canadensis does not have the same scientific name as an agile wallaby. So, Macropus agilis and Lontra canadensis are not in the same species.
Ovis aries does not have the same scientific name as an agile wallaby. So, Macropus agilis and Ovis aries are not in... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Bonnie investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do larger basketballs bounce higher than smaller basketballs on a brick patio?",
"Does the basketball bounce higher on gravel or on grass?",
"Does the basketball bounce higher on a lawn or on a dirt path?"
] | 1 | Bonnie gets a basketball for her birthday and dribbles it around her neighborhood. She notices that sometimes the ball bounces higher than other times. She wonders what factors affect how high her ball bounces. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
one basketball
access to a... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which animal's feet are also adapted for grabbing prey? | [
"warthog",
"New Zealand falcon"
] | 1 | Golden eagles eat fish, mammals, and other birds. The 's feet are adapted to grab prey.
Figure: golden eagle. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the golden eagle.
The golden eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the golden eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.