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Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word literally in its traditional sense? | [
"The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Jasper's mouth was literally on fire by the time he finished his meal.",
"The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Jasper literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses literally in its traditional sense: in a factual, non-exaggerated way.
The curry that the chef prepared was so spicy that Jasper literally had to drink three glasses of milk to ease the pain.
The first text uses literally in its nontraditional sense: nearly or in effect (often exaggerated). Jasper'... | |
Identify the question that Myra and Nathan's experiment can best answer. | [
"Does Myra's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a thin layer of wax or a thick layer of wax?",
"Does Myra's snowboard slide down a hill in less time when it has a layer of wax or when it does not have a layer of wax?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Myra applied a thin layer of wax to the underside of her snowboard and rode the board straight down a hill. Then, she removed the wax and rode the snowboard straight down the hill again. She repeated the rides four more... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"Maryland",
"Michigan",
"New Jersey",
"Vermont"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Michigan is farthest west. | ||
Which two months have the same average temperature in Portland? | [
"April and May",
"July and August",
"September and October"
] | 1 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Temperature is one type of climate data. Scientists collect data over many years. They can use this data to calculate the average temperature for each month. The average temperature can be used to describe the climate of a location.
A line graph can be used t... | To describe the average temperature trends in Portland, look at the graph.
Choice "Apr" is incorrect.
Choice "May" is incorrect.
Choice "Jul" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "Sep" is incorrect.
Choice "Oct" is incorrect.
Out of all the answer choices, only July and August have the same average temperatu... | |
What is the capital of Maryland? | [
"Annapolis",
"Albany",
"Jersey City",
"Baltimore"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Annapolis is the capital of Maryland. | |||
What is the capital of Hawaii? | [
"Santa Fe",
"Jefferson City",
"Honolulu",
"Salem"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal. | [
"Maple trees have star-shaped leaves.",
"Mosquitoes can walk and fly."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A maple tree is a plant. It has star-shaped leaves.
Maple trees have green leaves in the spring and summer. In the fall, their leaves turn yellow, red, or brown.
A mosquito is an animal. It drinks nectar and fruit juice.
A mosquito is an insect. Only female mosquitoes drink blood. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Compare the motion of two bats. Which bat was moving at a lower speed? | [
"a bat that moved 140miles in 10hours",
"a bat that moved 55miles in 10hours"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects movi... | Look at the distance each bat moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One bat moved 55 miles in 10 hours.
The other bat moved 140 miles in 10 hours.
Notice that each bat spent the same amount of time moving. The bat that moved 55 miles moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that bat must have moved at a l... | |
Which of the following could Shivani's test show? | [
"how much the drone weighed with the blade guards",
"if adding the blade guards made the drone fly poorly",
"if the blade guards would break in a crash"
] | 1 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is harder? | [
"metal nail",
"nylon track suit"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the metal nail is harder. If you squeeze a metal nail, it will not change shape. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"If Tommy doesn't know how to make homemade waffles, he can find it in the cookbook.",
"If Tommy doesn't know how to make homemade waffles, he can find the recipe in the cookbook."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun it is used without its antecedent.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. It has been replaced with the recipe.
If Tommy doesn't know how to make homemade waffles, he can find the recipe in the cookboo... | |
Which of these states is farthest north? | [
"Massachusetts",
"New Jersey",
"Ohio",
"Colorado"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Massachusetts is farthest north. | ||
What is the capital of North Dakota? | [
"Bismarck",
"Phoenix",
"Helena",
"Jefferson City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Bismarck is the capital of North Dakota. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a rock. | [
"Soapstone is a solid. It is not made by living things.",
"Paper is made in a factory. It is a solid.",
"Chert is a solid. It is not a pure substance."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks using properties | Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:
They are solid.
They are formed in nature.
They are not made by living things.
They are not pure substances. | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.
Paper is made in a factory. But all rocks are formed in nature.
So, paper is not a rock.
Chert is a rock.
Soapstone is a rock. | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Did you really vote for Ken as class treasurer? Didn't you hear that his uncle was imprisoned for embezzling $1.5 million? | [
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Ken can't be trusted with money, because his uncle embezzled money. However, even though his uncle couldn't be trusted with money, that doesn't necessarily mean that Ken can't be trusted with it. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the personification in this text suggest?
Ten thousand daffodils saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
—William Wordsworth, "I wandered lonely as a Cloud" | [
"The daffodils were moving in the wind.",
"The daffodils were bent over."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind. | The text uses personification, giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance suggests that the daffodils were moving in the wind. The poet describes flowers blowing around on their stems as dancers tossing their heads. | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of green particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each green ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the green particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of green particles, look at both the number of green particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of green particles per millilit... | |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"New York",
"Virginia",
"New Jersey",
"Vermont"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is New York.
During the colonial era, New Hampshire and New York both claimed the territory that would later become the state of Vermont. Vermont was never its own colony. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
It was windy today where Jenny lives. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 1 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
It was windy today where Jenny lives.
This passage tells you about the wind today where Jenny lives. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which empty mug has a lower temperature? | [
"the empty mug with less thermal energy",
"the empty mug with more thermal energy"
] | 0 | Two empty mugs are identical except for their thermal energies. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two empty mugs are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the empty mug with less thermal energy has a lower temperature. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Amelia considers Paris the most romantic city in the world. | [
"declarative",
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which text uses the word peruse in its traditional sense? | [
"Manuel perused the nails in the hardware aisle for almost an hour, trying to figure out which type would be best for his project.",
"Before returning to the stockroom, Manuel briefly perused the nails in the hardware aisle to see if anything needed to be restocked."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses peruse in its traditional sense: to examine in detail.
Manuel perused the nails in the hardware aisle for almost an hour, trying to figure out which type would be best for his project.
The second text uses peruse in its nontraditional sense: to look through in a casual manner.
Before returning to th... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Using only these supplies, which question can Kyle investigate with an experiment? | [
"Is the pet lizard more active when it is fed insects or lettuce?",
"Is the pet lizard more active when its tank is heated with one heating lamp or with two heating lamps?",
"Is the pet lizard more active when it is fed crickets or mealworms?"
] | 2 | Kyle has a pet lizard. Kyle notices that on some days, the lizard is active and runs around the tank. On other days, the lizard hardly moves at all. Kyle wonders what factors affect how active his lizard is. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
one pet lizard
live crickets
li... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which animal's feet are also adapted for swimming? | [
"lava gull",
"water rail"
] | 0 | Parakeet auklets are small seabirds that live in the Pacific Ocean. They eat mostly crustaceans, which they catch while swimming and diving. The feet of the are adapted for swimming.
Figure: parakeet auklet. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the parakeet auklet.
The parakeet auklet has webbed feet. Its feet are adapted for swimming. As it swims, the parakeet auklet uses its webbed feet to push itself through water.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The lava gull has webbed feet. Its feet are a... | |
What is the capital of Nevada? | [
"Las Vegas",
"Charleston",
"Nampa",
"Carson City"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Carson City is the capital of Nevada. | |||
Is muscovite a mineral or a rock? | [
"rock",
"mineral"
] | 1 | Muscovite has the following properties:
not made by organisms
fixed crystal structure
pure substance
solid
naturally occurring
fragile | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks and minerals | Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed cry... | Muscovite has all the properties of a mineral. So, muscovite is a mineral. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a ladybug? | [
"9 meters",
"9 kilometers",
"9 millimeters",
"9 centimeters"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a ladybug is 9 millimeters.
9 centimeters, 9 meters, and 9 kilometers are all too long. |
Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown? | [
"23°C",
"13°C",
"2°C"
] | 1 | The map below shows air temperatures in the lower atmosphere on February 21, 2017. The outlined area shows an air mass that influenced weather in Africa on that day.
Look at the map. Then, answer the question below.
Data source: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Earth System Research Laborat... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Identify and compare air masses | To study air masses, scientists can use maps that show conditions within Earth's atmosphere. For example, the map below uses color to show air temperatures.
The map's legend tells you the temperature that each color represents. Colors on the left in the legend represent lower temperatures than colors on the right. For ... | Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent.
The legend tells you that this air mass contained air with temperatures between 5°C and 20°C.
13°C is within this range.
2°C and 23°C are outside of this range. | |
What is the capital of Rhode Island? | [
"Albany",
"Providence",
"Newport",
"Concord"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Providence is the capital of Rhode Island. | |||
What is the capital of Connecticut? | [
"Montpelier",
"Bridgeport",
"Hartford",
"New Haven"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Hartford is the capital of Connecticut. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"According to Zoe, Willie Mays hit 660 career home runs, although Joe DiMaggio had a higher batting average. She said that he is her favorite player.",
"According to Zoe, Willie Mays hit 660 career home runs, although Joe DiMaggio had a higher batting average. She said that Mays is her favorite player."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun he could refer to Joe Di Maggio or Willie Mays.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. He has been replaced with Mays.
According to Zoe, Willie Mays hit 660 career home runs, although Joe DiMaggio had ... | |
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"South Carolina",
"Vermont",
"Kansas",
"Florida"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Kansas is farthest west. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word tablet on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
then - tin | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade5 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since tablet is not between the guide words then - tin, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which is this organism's scientific name? | [
"necklace sea star",
"Fromia monilis"
] | 1 | This organism is Fromia monilis. It is also called a necklace sea star. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Classification and scientific names | Identify common and scientific names | An organism's common name is the name that people normally call the organism. Common names often contain words you know.
An organism's scientific name is the name scientists use to identify the organism. Scientific names often contain words that are not used in everyday English.
Scientific names are written in italics,... | Fromia monilis is written in italics. The first word is capitalized, and the second word is not.
So, Fromia monilis is the scientific name. | |
Is Danio rerio made up of one cell? | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | This organism is Danio rerio. It is a member of the animal kingdom.
Danio rerio is commonly called a zebrafish. Young zebrafish are see-through! Scientists can easily observe their insides. This trait makes zebrafish a useful organism for scientists to study. | yes or no | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Describe, classify, and compare kingdoms | In the past, scientists classified living organisms into two groups: plants and animals. Over the past 300 years, scientists have discovered many more types of organisms. Today, many scientists classify organisms into six broad groups, called kingdoms.
Organisms in each kingdom have specific traits. The table below sho... | Danio rerio is an animal. Animals are made up of many cells. | |
What is the capital of Connecticut? | [
"Albany",
"Dover",
"Minneapolis",
"Hartford"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Hartford is the capital of Connecticut. | |||
Based on the arrows, which of the following organisms is a consumer? | [
"bilberry",
"earthworm"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from a tundra ecosystem in Nunavut, a territory in Northern Canada.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Consumers eat other organisms. So, there are arrows in a food web that point from other organisms to consumers.
The bilberry does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the bilberry is a producer, not a consumer.
The earthworm has arrows pointing to it from the Arctic fox and the collared lemming. So, the earthworm is... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the mixture. | [
"tomato soup",
"salt"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Mixtures | Identify mixtures | A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.
A mixture is made of two or more types of matter mixed together. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Aaliyah acquired this trait? | [
"When Aaliyah was young, her grandmother taught her how to cut chili peppers.",
"Aaliyah learned how to make chili from a recipe book.",
"Aaliyah's friends like to make chili with her."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Aaliyah knows how to make chili. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Jane had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene.",
"Jane had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. They promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with the operator.
Jane had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is smoother? | [
"glass bowl",
"concrete sidewalk"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the glass bowl is smoother. If you touch a glass bowl, it will not feel rough or bumpy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Jenna put a bandage on my cut. | [
"declarative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
What is the capital of Minnesota? | [
"Saint Paul",
"Minneapolis",
"Columbus",
"New Orleans"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Saint Paul is the capital of Minnesota. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a leather belt? | [
"26 feet",
"26 yards",
"26 inches",
"26 miles"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a leather belt is 26 inches.
26 feet, 26 yards, and 26 miles are all too long. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest American presidents.",
"Abraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, was elected in 1860."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved true by research or observation.
George Washington became president of the United States in 1789.
This statement is a fact. It can be proved by researching what year George Washington was inaugurated president.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An o... | The first sentence states a fact.
Abraham Lincoln, the 16 th president of the United States, was elected in 1860.
It can be proved by looking up the year that Abraham Lincoln was elected president.
The second sentence states an opinion.
Abraham Lincoln was one of the greatest American presidents.
Greatest shows what a ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the gas. | [
"water in a sink",
"door",
"tortoise shell",
"helium"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Identify solids, liquids, and gases | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A door is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own. When you open or close a door, it keeps its shape.
The water in a sink is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you move the water from a sink into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence.
The First Amendment says that the government cannot take away a person's freedom of speech or (). | [
"right to drive a car",
"voting rights",
"freedom of religion"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | civics | Government | The Bill of Rights | The First Amendment says that the government cannot take away a person's freedom of speech or freedom of religion. In the United States, voting rights are not a part of freedom of speech. Freedom of speech means that Americans can say and write what they want. But there are some limits on freedom of speech. For example... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
ice melting in a cup
pouring milk on oatmeal | [
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Ice melting in a cup is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The solid ice becomes liquid, but it is still made of water.
The links between atoms in the water molecules do not change. So, a different type of matter is not formed.
Pouring milk on oatmeal is a physical change. ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Jared knows how to type. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0 | Hint: Typing takes practice. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to type. Instead, many people learn how to type. So, typing is an acquired trait. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
baking cookies
a piece of pizza rotting in a trashcan | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Baking cookies is a chemical change. The type of matter in the cookie dough changes when it is baked. The cookie dough turns into cookies!
A piece of pizza rotting is a chemical change. The matter in the pizza breaks down and slowly turns into a different type of matter.
Step 2: Look at... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
carving a piece of wood
mixing sand and gravel | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Carving a piece of wood is a physical change. The wood changes shape, but it is still made of the same type of matter.
Mixing sand and gravel is a physical change. Together, the sand and gravel make a mixture. But making this mixture does not form a different type of matter.
Step 2: Loo... | |
Select the organism in the same genus as the black-footed cat. | [
"Lynx rufus",
"Felis silvestris",
"Lynx pardinus"
] | 1 | This organism is a black-footed cat. Its scientific name is Felis nigripes. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Scientific names | Use scientific names to classify organisms | Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.
The first word in an organism's scientific name tells you the organism's genus. A genus is a group of organisms that share many traits.
A genus is made up of one or more species. A species is a group of very similar organisms... | A black-footed cat's scientific name is Felis nigripes. The first word of its scientific name is Felis.
Felis silvestris is in the genus Felis. The first word of its scientific name is Felis. So, Felis silvestris and Felis nigripes are in the same genus.
Lynx rufus is in the genus Lynx. The first word of its scientific... | |
Which material is this window made of? | [
"glass",
"cotton"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Identify multiple materials in objects | A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
Some objects are made of just one material.
Most nails are made of metal.
Other objects are made of more than one material.
This hammer is made of metal and wood. | Look at the picture of the window.
The window is made of two different materials. The window panes are made of glass. The rest of the window is made of wood. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
cooking an egg
burning food on a stove | [
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Cooking an egg is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the egg to change. Cooked eggs and raw eggs are made of different types of matter.
Food burning on a stove is a chemical change. The type of matter in the food changes. The food turns black and gives off smoke.
Step 2: L... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which bowl of cereal has less thermal energy? | [
"the colder bowl of cereal",
"the hotter bowl of cereal"
] | 0 | Two bowls of cereal are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two bowls of cereal are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the colder bowl of cereal has less thermal energy. |
What is the probability that a guppy produced by this cross will have a golden body? | [
"4/4",
"3/4",
"1/4",
"0/4",
"2/4"
] | 4 | In a group of guppies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a golden body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele for a gray body (B) is dominant over the allele for a golden body (b).
This Punnett square shows a cross between two guppies. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Solomon Islands",
"Tonga",
"the Marshall Islands",
"Samoa"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is the Marshall Islands.
Does the Marshall Islands have any territorial disputes?
The Marshall Islands claims to own Wake Island, which is a disputed territory. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the area rightfully belongs to them.
The United States claimed Wake Island in 1899 and has... | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"dear Grandma Molly,",
"Dear Grandma Molly,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Grandma Molly is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The wind () dispersed the leaves that Erik had spent so long raking. | [
"lightly",
"carelessly"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word carelessly. It describes the wind as if it were a person who didn't care. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Parting is such sweet sorrow. . .
—William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet | [
"assonance",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Sweet sorrow is a contradiction, because sweet describes something that is gentle and pleasant, while sorrow refers to grief or sadness. | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate? | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 1 | Figure: Death Valley.
Death Valley is a desert in eastern California. It is one of the hottest places in North America.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Weather and climate around the world | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the passage carefully.
Death Valley is a desert in eastern California. It is one of the hottest places in North America.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the usual temperature pattern in Death Valley. This passage does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage de... | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles? | [
"Solution B",
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution A"
] | 2 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each yellow ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the yellow particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of yellow particles, look at both the number of yellow particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of yellow particles per mill... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the animal. | [
"Tulips have a green stem.",
"Woodpeckers eat insects, fruit, and nuts."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A woodpecker is an animal. It eats insects, fruit, and nuts.
Woodpeckers have strong beaks. They use their beaks to drill into wood to hunt for food.
A tulip is a plant. It has a green stem.
Tulips grow best in cool, dry places. | |
Which property do these four objects have in common? | [
"fragile",
"transparent",
"opaque"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects... | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
An opaque object does not let light through. The ceramic mug is opaque, but the window, the fish bowl, and the glass flask are not.
A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. All four objects are fragile.
You can see clearly through a tr... | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to crack large, hard nuts? | [
"Alexandrine parakeet",
"spotted dove"
] | 0 | Hyacinth macaws live in the rain forests of South America. They eat large seeds and nuts. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to crack open large, hard nuts.
Figure: hyacinth macaw. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the hyacinth macaw.
The hyacinth macaw has a thick hooked beak. Its beak is adapted to crack large, hard nuts. The hyacinth macaw uses its thick beak to crack the shell of a nut by squeezing it. The hooked shape of the beak can help the bird hold the nut in place while cracking it.
Now look at ea... | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different shapes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | The magnets in Pair 2 attract. The magnets in Pair 1 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force.
Distance affects the magnitude of the magnetic force. When there is a greater distance between magnets, the magni... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the allusion in this text suggest?
When Pamela claimed she had loaded the dishwasher before turning on Dancing with the Stars, her mother replied, "Your nose is growing!" | [
"Pamela was lying.",
"Pamela was goofy."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked. | The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known.
The allusion nose is growing suggests that Pamela was lying. In the story of Pinocchio, when Pinocchio lies, his nose grows longer. | |
Which statement describes the Kaeng Krachan National Park ecosystem? | [
"It has soil that is rich in nutrients.",
"It has year-round rain and warm temperatures.",
"It has only a few types of organisms."
] | 1 | Figure: Kaeng Krachan National Park.
Kaeng Krachan National Park is a tropical rain forest ecosystem in western Thailand. It is Thailand's largest national park and has many animals, including elephants. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Describe ecosystems | An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area. An ecosystem is created by the relationships that form among the biotic and abiotic parts of an environment.
There are many different types of terrestrial, or land-based, ecosystems. Here are some ways in which terrestri... | A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: year-round rain and warm temperatures, soil that is poor in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the following statement describes the Kaeng Krachan National Park ecosystem: year-round rain and warm temper... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a parking space? | [
"24 inches",
"24 feet"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a parking space is 24 feet.
24 inches is too short. |
Select the mammal below. | [
"kangaroo",
"loon",
"great crested newt",
"poison dart frog"
] | 0 | Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk.
Mammals are warm-blooded. Warm-blooded animals can control their body temperature.
A koala is an example of a mammal. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals. | A kangaroo is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Kangaroos hop to move around. They use their large tails for balance while hopping.
A loon is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.
Loons usually live near lakes. They dive in the water to hunt for food.
A great crested newt is an amphibian. It has ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Her dog happily fetched his tennis ball from the muddy puddle and eagerly waited for her to throw it again.",
"I followed Sarah's recipe, but my chicken pot pie tasted nothing like hers."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
aft... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two independent clauses joined by the coordinating conjunction but.
I followed Sarah's recipe, but my chicken pot pie tasted nothing like hers. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Pete acquired this trait? | [
"Pete has two pet fish. The fish live in a fish tank together.",
"Pete was not born knowing how to identify different fish. He had to learn this skill."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Pete is good at identifying fish. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Complete the sentence.
The Juan de Fuca Ridge formed at a () boundary. | [
"convergent",
"divergent",
"transform"
] | 1 | Read the passage and look at the picture.
The Juan de Fuca Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge located off the coast of Washington State and southern Canada. This ridge grows as the Pacific Plate and the Juan de Fuca Plate move away from each other. The Juan de Fuca Ridge contains many hydrothermal vents, where hot water spews ... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Plate tectonics | Describe tectonic plate boundaries around the world | The outer layer of Earth is broken up into many pieces called tectonic plates, or simply plates. The breaks between plates are called plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are classified by the way the plates are moving relative to each other:
At a transform boundary, two plates are sliding past each other.
At a convergen... | To figure out what type of plate boundary formed the Juan de Fuca Ridge, you need to know how the tectonic plates interacted. To find this out, read the passage carefully.
The Juan de Fuca Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge located off the coast of Washington State and southern Canada. This ridge grows as the Pacific Plate and... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The ancient car () whenever someone tries to use it. | [
"throws a fit",
"produces thick smoke"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the phrase throws a fit. It describes the car as if it were a person who is upset. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which correctly shows the title of a book? | [
"***A Boat to Nowhere***",
"\"A Boat to Nowhere\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A book should be in italics.
The correct title is **A Boat to Nowhere**. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Kimberly inherited this trait? | [
"Kimberly and her father both have dark hair.",
"Kimberly's parents have dark skin. They passed down this trait to Kimberly."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Kimberly has dark skin. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
What is the capital of Oregon? | [
"Portland",
"Salem",
"Phoenix",
"Cheyenne"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Salem is the capital of Oregon. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Tons of people still believe the Earth is flat! Maybe there's something to their argument? | [
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that the belief that the Earth is flat might be true because it is common. However, a belief isn't necessarily more reasonable just because many people hold it. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the bandwagon fallacy. | |
What is the capital of Washington? | [
"Olympia",
"Spokane",
"Seattle",
"Salt Lake City"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Olympia is the capital of Washington. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
In the 1950s, there was great societal pressure on women to stay at home and raise children. Many women enjoyed doing so, but for others home was a prison they yearned to escape. | [
"simile",
"metaphor"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
Home was a prison compares home to a prison without using like or as. | |
Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web? | [
"snowy owl",
"brown lemming",
"bear sedge"
] | 1 | Below is a food web from a tundra ecosystem in Nunavut, a territory in Northern Canada.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The barren-ground caribou has an arrow pointing to it from the lichen. The lichen is a producer, so the barren-ground caribou is a primary consumer.
The brown lemming has arrows pointing to it from the bil... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Kyle decides to get the peach ice cream. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Kyle will get to eat the peach ice cream. He likes this flavor more than chocolate almond.",
"Kyle will give up the chance to get a free waffle cone. He would have enjoyed the waffle cone."
] | 1 | Kyle is deciding whether to get peach ice cream or chocolate almond ice cream. He likes peach more than chocolate almond. But a scoop of chocolate almond ice cream comes with a free waffle cone. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Kyle wants or needs:
Kyle will give up the chance to get a free waffle cone. He would have enjoyed the waffle cone. |
What is the capital of Minnesota? | [
"Indianapolis",
"Minneapolis",
"Saint Paul",
"Providence"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Saint Paul is the capital of Minnesota. | |||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is the most flexible? | [
"nylon swim shorts",
"plastic ball",
"clay tile"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Flexible is a property. A flexible material can be bent without breaking easily.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine bending the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon swim shorts are the most flexible. If you fold nylon fabric, it will not break. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is greater in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 2 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same.
So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs. | |
Is a rock a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter i... | A rock is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
Rocks come in many different sizes. | ||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature? | [
"sample A",
"sample B",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature"
] | 0 | The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | physics | Particle motion and energy | Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure | The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of... | Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a school bus? | [
"12 yards",
"12 feet"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that a pencil is 8 long. You might be thinking, 8 what? Is the pencil 8 inches long? 8 feet? 8 miles?
The number 8 on its own does not give you much information about the len... | The better estimate for the length of a school bus is 12 yards.
12 feet is too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"thanks,\nTodd",
"Thanks,\nTodd"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Which of the following was an independent variable in this experiment? | [
"the amount of time it took to reach the bottom of the hill",
"the weight of the wheels"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and think about the variables that are described.
Audrey was building a wooden race car. She could choose between two types of wheels for the car. Each of these wheels was ten inches in diameter, but one type was heavier than the other. Audrey was curious if ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify independent and dependent variables | Experiments have variables, or parts that change. You can design an experiment to find out how one variable affects another variable. For example, imagine that you want to find out if fertilizer affects the number of tomatoes a tomato plant grows. To answer this question, you decide to set up two equal groups of tomato... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is the hardest? | [
"paper crane",
"rubber band",
"bone"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the bone is the hardest. If you press on a bone, it will not change shape. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Assume all other forces on Dominic are balanced. Which statement describes the forces on Dominic? | [
"The forces are unbalanced, so there is a net force on Dominic.",
"The forces are balanced, so there is no net force on Dominic."
] | 1 | Dominic is standing on a diving board at the pool. Earth's gravity is pulling down on Dominic with a force of 400N. The diving board is pushing up on Dominic with a force of 400N. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Balanced and unbalanced forces | A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object. Every force has a direction and a magnitude, or strength. If two forces act on an object in opposite directions, the forces are called opposing forces.
When opposing forces have the same magnitude, they are balanced. If all the forces on an object are balanced, there ... | To determine if there is a net force on Dominic, look at the forces:
Earth's gravity is pulling Dominic down with a force of 400 N.
The diving board is pushing Dominic up with a force of 400 N.
The forces are in opposite directions, and the forces have the same magnitude: 400 N. This means that the forces are balanced,... |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Before Allie had even met her future husband in person, she knew about his reputation as a Romeo. | [
"British history",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Romeo is literature.
In William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, Romeo is known for the eloquent declaration of love with which he woos Juliet.
The allusion Romeo means a man who is very romantic. | |
Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert? | [
"flat-tail horned lizard",
"lichen katydid"
] | 0 | Fennec foxes live in the Sahara Desert of Africa. The is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.
Figure: fennec fox. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: skins and body coverings | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The color, texture, and covering of an animal's skin are examples of adaptations. Animals' skins can be adapted in different ways. For example, skin with thick fur might help an animal... | Look at the picture of the fennec fox.
The fennec fox has sand-colored fur covering its skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The flat-tail horned lizard has sand-colored scales covering ... | |
Which of these states is farthest south? | [
"Montana",
"Nevada",
"Nebraska",
"Maine"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Nevada is farthest south. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Luther acquired this trait? | [
"Luther learned history by reading.",
"Luther is most interested in American history."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Luther knows a lot about history. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.