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Which trait did Palaeocyparis have? Select the trait you can observe on the fossil. | [
"flowers",
"short, thin leaves",
"cones"
] | 1 | This picture shows a fossil of an ancient plant called Palaeocyparis. This fossil shows one of the plant's branches.
Fossils of Palaeocyparis have been found in rocks that are more than 150,000,000 years old. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare fossils to modern organisms | The way an organism looks or acts is called a trait. Scientists use fossils to learn more about the traits of ancient organisms.
Fossils can preserve the remains of body parts and activities. A fossil of a body part, such as a tail or a wing, can tell you what an organism looked like. A fossil of an organism's activiti... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
pond - purple | [
"pretty",
"people"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since pretty is between the guide words pond - purple, it would be found on that page. | |
In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the sea cucumber? | [
"sea urchin",
"black rockfish",
"kelp bass"
] | 0 | Below is a food web from an ocean ecosystem in Monterey Bay, off the coast of California.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Ecological interactions | Interpret food webs II | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the sea cucumber.There is one path matter can take from the sea urchin to the sea cucumber: sea urchin->sea otter->orca->sea cucumber. There is one path matter can take from the plainfin midshipman t... | |
Which of these cities is marked on the map? | [
"Boston",
"Houston",
"Washington, D.C.",
"St. Louis"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Cities | Major U.S. cities | The city is Houston, Texas. Boston, Washington, D.C., and St. Louis are marked with gray circles on the map below. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which figure of speech is used in this text?
"Your new hairstyle is so boring!" Daniel remarked when his sister showed up with a pink-and-blue mohawk. | [
"pun",
"verbal irony"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Boring shows verbal irony because Daniel's sister's hairstyle is not at all boring. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What do these two changes have in common?
baking cookies
burning food on a stove | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Baking cookies is a chemical change. The type of matter in the cookie dough changes when it is baked. The cookie dough turns into cookies!
Burning food on a stove is a chemical change. When the food burns, the type of matter in it changes. The food turns black and gives off smoke.
Step ... | |
Which of the following could Jordan's test show? | [
"how steady a parachute with a 1 m vent was at 200 km per hour",
"whether a parachute with a 1 m vent would swing too much at 400 km per hour",
"if the spacecraft was damaged when using a parachute with a 1 m vent going 200 km per hour"
] | 0 | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design.
The passage below describes how the engineering-design process was used to test a solution to a problem. Read the passage. Then answer the ques... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Engineering practices | Evaluate tests of engineering-design solutions | People can use the engineering-design process to develop solutions to problems. One step in the process is testing if a potential solution meets the requirements of the design. How can you determine what a test can show? You need to figure out what was tested and what was measured.
Imagine an engineer needs to design a... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Use the evidence in the text to select the photosynthetic organism. | [
"Palm trees are commonly found on tropical beaches. Palm trees use carbon dioxide and water to make their food.",
"Cecropia moth caterpillars eat leaves, but the adult moths never eat. An adult cecropia moth lives just long enough to find a mate and produce eggs."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Plants | Identify the photosynthetic organism | Organisms that carry out photosynthesis are called photosynthetic organisms. During photosynthesis, these organisms use light energy to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen.
Photosynthetic organisms also often have the following characteristics:
They are producers, which are organisms that make their ow... | This organism is photosynthetic:
The text tells you that palm trees use carbon dioxide and water to make food. This is evidence that the palm tree is a photosynthetic organism.
This organism is not photosynthetic:
The text does not provide evidence that the cecropia moth is photosynthetic. | |
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles? | [
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 0 | The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Solutions | Compare concentrations of solutions | A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution... | In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a bike path? | [
"3 feet",
"3 inches",
"3 yards",
"3 miles"
] | 3 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a bike path is 3 miles.
3 inches, 3 feet, and 3 yards are all too short. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which is the stickiest? | [
"wood ruler",
"glass marbles",
"honey"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Sticky is a property. A sticky material easily attaches to other things.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the honey is the stickiest. If you touch honey, it will stick to you. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is this a run-on sentence?
Overcome with joy, Mrs. Cohen told her husband the exciting news about her promotion. | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 | yes or no | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Identify run-on sentences | A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A run-on sentence is formed when two sentences are run together, joined by just a comma or by no punctuation at all. If only a comma is used, the run-on is called a comma s... | This is not a run-on sentence. It is not formed from two sentences that have been run together without appropriate punctuation.
Overcome with joy, Mrs. Cohen told her husband the exciting news about her promotion. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Matt will pop the popcorn. | [
"future tense",
"present tense",
"past tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pop. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
What is the capital of Iowa? | [
"Lincoln",
"Annapolis",
"Cambridge",
"Des Moines"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Midwest | Des Moines is the capital of Iowa. | |||
Which animal's feet are also adapted for grabbing prey? | [
"red-tailed hawk",
"pronghorn"
] | 0 | Bald eagles eat fish, mammals, and other birds. The 's feet are adapted for grabbing prey.
Figure: bald eagle. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: feet and limbs | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of an animal's feet is one example of an adaptation. Animals' feet can be adapted in different ways. For example, webbed feet might help an animal swim. Feet with thick fur m... | Look at the picture of the bald eagle.
The bald eagle has long toes with sharp claws. Its feet are adapted for grabbing prey. The sharp claws can help the bald eagle attack and kill its prey. The long toes can help it hold on to its prey.
Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation.
The re... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a bowl of cereal at a temperature of 40°F",
"a bowl of cereal at a temperature of 50°F"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two bowls of cereal have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 50°F bowl of cereal is hotter than the 40°F bowl of cereal, it has more thermal energy. |
What is the capital of Wyoming? | [
"Hilo",
"Juneau",
"Phoenix",
"Cheyenne"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
leap - lucky | [
"lay",
"lord"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since lord is between the guide words leap - lucky, it would be found on that page. | |
What is the capital of California? | [
"San Francisco",
"Knoxville",
"Sacramento",
"Salt Lake City"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the West | Sacramento is the capital of California. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a 5-kilogram brick at a temperature of 365°F",
"a 5-kilogram brick at a temperature of 285°F"
] | 0 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two bricks have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 365°F brick is hotter than the 285°F brick, it has more thermal energy. |
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the volume of a kitchen sink? | [
"14 gallons",
"14 cups",
"14 fluid ounces"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups,... | The best estimate for the volume of a kitchen sink is 14 gallons.
14 fluid ounces and 14 cups are both too little. |
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"New Hampshire",
"Michigan",
"North Dakota",
"Louisiana"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. North Dakota is farthest west. | |||
Which continent is highlighted? | [
"Africa",
"North America",
"South America",
"Antarctica"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | geography | Physical Geography | Oceans and continents | A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents. | This continent is Antarctica. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the living thing. | [
"hummingbird",
"yo-yo"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. Living things use this energy to grow and change. All living things grow and change during their lives.
All living things sense changes in the world around them. Living things might sense ... | A yo-yo is not a living thing.
Yo-yos do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to the world around them. They do not need food or water.
A hummingbird is a living thing.
Hummingbirds grow and respond to the world around them. They need food and water. | |
Which trait does this leaf-cutter ant have? | [
"The outside of its body is soft.",
"It can carry a piece of a leaf.",
"It eats leaves."
] | 1 | This picture shows a leaf-cutter ant. A leaf-cutter ant is a type of insect. Each leaf-cutter ant has a hard outer covering called an exoskeleton. The exoskeleton helps protect the ant's body.
This type of ant is called a leaf-cutter because it cuts pieces of leaves off plants. Leaf-cutter ants do not eat the leaf piec... | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | literacy-in-science | Animals | Benefits of group behavior: leaf-cutter ants | Both the picture and the text tell you about the traits of leaf-cutter ants. Start with the text.
This type of ant is called a leaf-cutter because it cuts pieces of leaves off plants. Leaf-cutter ants do not eat the leaf pieces. Instead, they use the pieces to grow their food.
The outside of a leaf-cutter ant's body is... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Wayne described the situation he was facing with his boss as a catch-22. | [
"literature",
"a song"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Gree... | The source of the allusion catch-22 is literature.
Joseph Heller coined the term "catch-22" in his 1961 novel of the same name. In the novel, if an army pilot wants to avoid dangerous missions, he must be deemed mentally unfit; however, his desire to stay safe proves his sanity, so he can never be excused from a missio... | |
Which trait did Neuropteris have? Select the trait you can observe on the fossil. | [
"fruit",
"leaves arranged in rows",
"red flowers"
] | 1 | This picture shows a fossil of an ancient plant called Neuropteris.
Neuropteris fossils are often found in coal. Some Neuropteris fossils are more than 300,000,000 years old. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare fossils to modern organisms | The way an organism looks or acts is called a trait. Scientists use fossils to learn more about the traits of ancient organisms.
Fossils can preserve the remains of body parts and activities. A fossil of a body part, such as a tail or a wing, can tell you what an organism looked like. A fossil of an organism's activiti... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What does the metaphor in this text suggest?
When Ted lost his job, he was devastated. The only light in the sea of darkness was the prospect of pursuing a new career. | [
"There was a benefit to Ted's job loss.",
"Having to pursue a new career was the worst part of Ted's job loss."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret the figure of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town. | The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The metaphor the only light in the sea of darkness was the prospect of pursuing a new career suggests that there was a benefit to Ted's job loss. A light would be beneficial in helping someone escape a dark, difficult-t... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which change best matches the sentence?
Pieces of rock and soil are washed away by water. | [
"wildfire",
"erosion",
"earthquake"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface I | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Luke acquired this trait? | [
"Luke's brother has scars on both of his knees.",
"Luke's scar is on his left knee. His mother also has a scar on her left knee.",
"Luke's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his leg when he fell off his skateboard."
] | 2 | Read the description of a trait.
Luke has a scar on his left knee. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Brazilians spend too much time playing soccer.",
"Brazil's national soccer team has won the World Cup five times."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true. Facts can be proved by observing, measuring, or studying information.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at the flag and counting the number of stripes.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or fe... | The first sentence states a fact.
Brazil's national soccer team has won the World Cup five times.
It can be proved by checking a list of World Cup champions.
The second sentence states an opinion.
Brazilians spend too much time playing soccer.
Too much shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person migh... | |
What is the capital of New York? | [
"Albany",
"Louisville",
"New York City",
"Buffalo"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Albany is the capital of New York. | |||
Which two months have the same average temperature in Portland? | [
"November and December",
"July and August",
"April and May"
] | 1 | Use the graph to answer the question below. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | Use climate data to make predictions | To describe the average temperature trends in Portland, look at the graph.
Choice "Apr" is incorrect.
Choice "May" is incorrect.
Choice "Jul" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "Nov" is incorrect.
Choice "Dec" is incorrect.
Out of all the answer choices, only July and August have the same average temperatu... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Ashley acquired this trait? | [
"Ashley's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her leg when she was climbing a tree.",
"Some scars fade more quickly than others."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Ashley has a scar on her left leg. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 0 | Two magnets are placed as shown.
Hint: Magnets that attract pull together. Magnets that repel push apart. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles, called north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets.... | Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the amphibian. | [
"loon",
"giraffe",
"tiger salamander",
"seahorse"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians | Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water. | A giraffe is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Giraffes eat mostly leaves that are too high up for other animals to reach.
A tiger salamander is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Tiger salamanders often live in underground burrows.
A seahorse is a fish. It lives underwater. It ... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Tisha inherited this trait? | [
"Tisha's parents have dark skin. They passed down this trait to Tisha.",
"Tisha and her father both have dark hair."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Tisha has dark skin. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | In 1774, people across the colonies knew that they needed to respond to the Intolerable Acts. However, they disagreed about how to respond. How did they resolve this disagreement? | [
"They took a vote of all white men in all the colonies.",
"The colonies split into two groups, and each group responded separately.",
"The colonists asked George Washington to decide for them.",
"Each colony sent representatives to a meeting to discuss the options."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | us-history | The American Revolution | The American Revolution: the rebellion begins | In 1774, people in the colonies sent representatives to a meeting to discuss how to respond to the Intolerable Acts. This meeting, which took place from September to October, came to be known as the First Continental Congress.
The Congress included 52 delegates, or representatives, from 12 colonies. Only Georgia chose ... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Omar decides to take a trip to Minnesota. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Omar will enjoy his trip to Minnesota more than he would have enjoyed a trip to New York.",
"Omar will spend more money. Plane tickets for Omar to get to Minnesota are more expensive than tickets to New York."
] | 1 | Omar is deciding whether to take a trip to Minnesota or New York. He wants to enjoy his trip. But he is also trying to save money. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Omar wants or needs:
Omar will spend more money. Plane tickets for Omar to get to Minnesota are more expensive than tickets to New York. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Don't let your children stay up till midnight on New Year's Eve. Before you know it, they'll be demanding to stay up till midnight every night. | [
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that allowing your children to stay up late one night will lead to them demanding to stay up late every night. However, this isn't necessarily true. This argument offers only one extreme and unlikely outcome. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the slippery slope fallacy. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Suppose Ruben decides to get the peach ice cream. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Ruben will get to eat the peach ice cream. He likes this flavor more than strawberry cheesecake.",
"Ruben will give up the chance to get a free waffle cone. He would have enjoyed the waffle cone."
] | 1 | Ruben is deciding whether to get peach ice cream or strawberry cheesecake ice cream. He likes peach more than strawberry cheesecake. But a scoop of strawberry cheesecake ice cream comes with a free waffle cone. | closed choice | grade4 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Ruben wants or needs:
Ruben will give up the chance to get a free waffle cone. He would have enjoyed the waffle cone. |
Not supported with pagination yet | Would you find the word his on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
hang - heard | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since his is not between the guide words hang - heard, it would not be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | The city of Kingwood has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Kingwood's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops? | [
"The supply will probably go up.",
"The supply will probably go down."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Kingwood. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the one substance that is not a rock. | [
"Wool is made by living things. It is a solid.",
"Chalk is a solid. It is not made by living things.",
"Soapstone is formed in nature. It is not made by living things."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Identify rocks using properties | Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:
They are solid.
They are formed in nature.
They are not made by living things.
They are not pure substances. | Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.
Wool is made by living things. But rocks are not made by living things.
So, wool is not a rock.
Chalk is a rock.
Soapstone is a rock. | |
What is the capital of Washington? | [
"Nashville",
"Richmond",
"Frankfort",
"Olympia"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify the 50 state capitals | Olympia is the capital of Washington. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Morning clouds usually clear up by noon where Emily lives. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Morning clouds usually clear up by noon where Emily lives.
This passage tells you about the usual pattern of clouds where Emily lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | |
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"Connecticut",
"Delaware",
"Virginia",
"Kansas"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Kansas is farthest west. | ||
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
threw - trumpet | [
"temper",
"tilt"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since tilt is between the guide words threw - trumpet, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement. Assume that Mitch's mass did not change.
The gravitational potential energy stored between Mitch and Earth () as he rode the escalator. | [
"increased",
"decreased",
"stayed the same"
] | 0 | Read the text about a person in motion.
Mitch rode an escalator from the first floor to the second floor of a shopping mall. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | physics | Kinetic and potential energy | Identify changes in gravitational potential energy | Gravitational potential energy is stored between any two objects. So, for every object on or near Earth, there is gravitational potential energy stored between the object and Earth.
The amount of gravitational potential energy stored between an object and Earth depends on the mass of the object. The amount of gravitati... | Think about how the distance between Mitch and the center of Earth changed.
The second floor is higher than the first floor. As he rode the escalator toward the second floor, the distance between Mitch and the center of Earth increased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between Mitch and Earth increased as ... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which tense does the sentence use?
Mom and Dad walk in the apple orchard. | [
"past tense",
"present tense",
"future tense"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, walk. The verb tells you about something that is true or happening now. | |
What is the probability that a rat produced by this cross will have dumbo ears? | [
"3/4",
"2/4",
"4/4",
"0/4",
"1/4"
] | 3 | This passage describes the ear type trait in rats:
Some rats have dumbo ears, which are larger and rounder than normal ears. Dumbo ears are also set on the sides of the rat's head instead of on the top. The word dumbo comes from the name of a cartoon elephant whose ears had a similar appearance.
In a group of rats, som... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Use Punnett squares to calculate probabilities of offspring types | Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive?
How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to a... | ||
Which of the following organisms is the secondary consumer in this food web? | [
"water flea",
"green algae",
"copepod"
] | 2 | Below is a food web from Little Rock Lake, a freshwater lake ecosystem in Wisconsin.
A food web models how the matter eaten by organisms moves through an ecosystem. The arrows in a food web represent how matter moves between organisms in an ecosystem. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Interpret food webs I | A food web is a model.
A food web shows where organisms in an ecosystem get their food. Models can make things in nature easier to understand because models can represent complex things in a simpler way. If a food web showed every organism in an ecosystem, the food web would be hard to understand. So, each food web sho... | Secondary consumers eat primary consumers, and primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, secondary consumers have arrows pointing to them from primary consumers. Primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers.
The copepod has an arrow pointing to it from the rotifer. The rotifer is a primary co... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"repel",
"attract"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on other magnets without touching them. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes are called magnetic forces.
Magnetic forces are strongest at the magnets' poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: a north pole (N) and a south pole (... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Opposite poles attract. So, these magnets will attract each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Max usually eats oatmeal for breakfast. | [
"declarative",
"exclamatory"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement. It tells about something. A declarative sentence always ends with a period.
I have an older brother and a younger sister.
An interrogative sentence is a question. It asks something. An interrogative sentence always ends with a question mark.
How ... | The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
Which of these states is farthest west? | [
"Missouri",
"South Carolina",
"Rhode Island",
"Texas"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Read a map: cardinal directions | Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north... | To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the west arrow is pointing. Texas is farthest west. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
"Kathleen is such a Pollyanna!" Aaron announced with a sigh. | [
"literature",
"a fable"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion Pollyanna is literature.
The character Pollyanna, from Eleanor Porter's children's book, is a young girl who finds good in everything and everyone.
The allusion Pollyanna means an overly optimistic person. | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"Kiribati",
"Vanuatu",
"the Marshall Islands",
"Nauru"
] | 3 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Nauru. | |||
What type of rock is diorite? | [
"metamorphic",
"igneous",
"sedimentary"
] | 1 | Diorite forms from melted rock. Dolerite can form when melted rock cools below the earth's surface. This piece of diorite has white and black mineral grains in it.
Diorite is a very hard rock. The people of ancient Egypt used diorite to make pottery and sculptures. Diorite was also used to polish other rocks such as gr... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | earth-science | Rocks and minerals | Classify rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic | Igneous rock is formed when melted rock cools and hardens into solid rock. This type of change can occur at Earth's surface or below it.
Sedimentary rock is formed when layers of sediment are pressed together, or compacted, to make rock. This type of change occurs below Earth's surface.
Metamorphic rock is formed when ... | Diorite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens.
Melted rock below the earth's surface is called magma. Diorite forms from magma that contains large amounts of iron, magnesium, and silica. As the magma cools, minerals such as feldspar and biotite begin to form. When the... | |
Which country is highlighted? | [
"New Zealand",
"Tuvalu",
"Australia",
"Papua New Guinea"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is New Zealand. | |||
Based on the continuum scale, which character is nicer? | [
"Cinderella",
"Goldilocks"
] | 0 | This continuum scale shows some famous characters from folktales. | closed choice | grade5 | language science | writing-strategies | Visual elements | Read graphic organizers | A graphic organizer is a chart or picture that shows how ideas, facts, or topics are related to one another.
When you read, look for graphic organizers included in the text. You can use these images to find key information. You can also create your own graphic organizers with information that you've read. Doing this ca... | A continuum scale compares things by ordering them along a line. This continuum scale shows some famous characters from folktales.
Nicer characters are shown to the left. Meaner characters are shown to the right. Cinderella is shown farthest to the left, farther than Goldilocks. This tells you that Cinderella is nicer. | |
What is the capital of Pennsylvania? | [
"Cambridge",
"Harrisburg",
"Hartford",
"Atlanta"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Harrisburg is the capital of Pennsylvania. | |||
What is the capital of Vermont? | [
"Montpelier",
"Burlington",
"Santa Fe",
"Jackson"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Northeast | Montpelier is the capital of Vermont. | |||
Which property do these three objects have in common? | [
"hard",
"bouncy",
"stretchy"
] | 0 | Select the best answer. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. All three objects are hard.
A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. The magnifying glass and the rainbow sucker are not bouncy.
A stretchy object gets longer when y... | |
Which trait did Asterotrygon have? Select the trait you can observe on the fossil. | [
"a wide tail fin",
"spots on its skin",
"a long, thin tail",
"four legs"
] | 2 | This picture shows a fossil of an ancient animal called Asterotrygon. The fossil preserves the shape of Asterotrygon's body.
Asterotrygon was a type of fish. It lived in lakes and gave birth to live young. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare fossils to modern organisms | The way an organism looks or acts is called a trait. Scientists use fossils to learn more about the traits of ancient organisms.
Fossils can preserve the remains of body parts and activities. A fossil of a body part, such as a tail or a wing, can tell you what an organism looked like. A fossil of an organism's activiti... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Dale acquired this trait? | [
"Dale can cook food over a fire.",
"Dale learned how to build a fire at summer camp."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Dale knows how to build a fire. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Select the plant. | [
"Redwood trees have small leaves.",
"Howler monkeys eat leaves, fruit, and nuts."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A redwood tree is a plant. It has small leaves.
Redwood trees have fuzzy reddish-brown bark. Their bark helps protect redwood trees from fires.
A howler monkey is an animal. It eats leaves, fruit, and nuts.
A howler monkey's tail can be longer than the rest of its body! | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Based on the information above, complete the sentence.
When people say, "President Abraham Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address," they mean that President Lincoln (). | [
"wrote a book about an important Civil War battle",
"is buried in a graveyard in a town in Pennsylvania",
"made a speech after an important Civil War battle",
"lived at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue"
] | 2 | The Gettysburg Address, one of the most famous documents in United States history, was written in 1863. At that time, Abraham Lincoln was president of the United States, and the Union and Confederate armies were fighting each other during the American Civil War.
Read the following facts about the Gettysburg Address. Th... | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | The Civil War | Source analysis: the Gettysburg Address | Gettysburg is a place where an important Civil War battle was fought. An address is a public speech. So, when people say, "President Abraham Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address," they mean that President Lincoln made a speech after an important Civil War battle. | |
Which i in column 1? | [
"the library",
"the restaurant",
"the grocery store",
"the park"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | Geography | Use a letter-number grid | A grid is made up of lines of squares. They are organized in rows and columns. A grid can help you use a map.
A row is a line of squares that goes from side to side. Rows are marked with letters.
A column is a line of squares that goes up and down. Columns are marked with numbers. | The restaurant is in column 1. | ||
Which country is highlighted? | [
"New Zealand",
"Tuvalu",
"Fiji",
"Tonga"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | geography | Oceania: geography | Identify and select countries of Oceania | This country is Tuvalu. | |||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which invitation is more formal? | [
"We invite you to celebrate with us.",
"Come join us."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The second invitation is more formal. It uses more ceremonious language (invite you to celebrate) instead of the conversational language of the other invitation. | |
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true? | [
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1.",
"The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs."
] | 0 | The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material, but some of them are different sizes. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Compare magnitudes of magnetic forces | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart. These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces.
The strength of a force is called its magnitude. The greater the magnitude of the magnetic force between two magnets,... | Magnet sizes affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Imagine magnets that are the same shape and made of the same material. The smaller the magnets, the smaller the magnitude of the magnetic force between them.
Magnet A is the same size in both pairs. But Magnet B is smaller in Pair 2 than in Pair 1. So, the magnit... | |
Will these magnets attract or repel each other? | [
"attract",
"repel"
] | 1 | Two magnets are placed as shown. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | physics | Magnets | Identify magnets that attract or repel | Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
Whether a magnet attracts or repels other magnets depends on the positions of its poles, or ends. Every magnet has two poles: north and south.
Here are some examples of magnets. The no... | To predict if these magnets will attract or repel, look at which poles are closest to each other.
Both poles of each magnet line up with both poles of the other magnet. The north pole of each magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Like poles repel. So, these magnets will repel each other. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What kind of sentence is this?
Seth campaigned tirelessly in support of his neighbor's bid for elective office. | [
"exclamatory",
"interrogative",
"declarative"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Answer the riddle.
I am a big animal.
You may see me in a zoo.
I may be brown, black, or white.
What am I? | [
"a puppy",
"a bear"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade1 | language science | vocabulary | Comprehension strategies | What am I? | A bear is a big animal.
You may see a bear in a zoo.
A bear may be brown, black, or white. | ||
Which statement is supported by these pictures? | [
"The Japanese sea lily has feather-like arms, and so did Hapalocrinus.",
"The Japanese sea lily has a long stem, but Hapalocrinus did not."
] | 0 | Look at the two pictures below. The Japanese sea lily is a modern organism, and Hapalocrinus is an extinct one. The Japanese sea lily has many of the traits that Hapalocrinus had. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare ancient and modern organisms: use observations to support a hypothesis | Fossils are the remains of organisms that lived long ago. Scientists look at fossils to learn about the traits of ancient organisms. Often, scientists compare fossils to modern organisms.
Some ancient organisms had many traits in common with modern organisms. Other ancient organisms were very different from any organis... | The Japanese sea lily has feather-like arms and a long stem.
This fossil shows the remains of feather-like arms. So, Hapalocrinus had feather-like arms.
The fossil also shows the remains of a long stem. So, Hapalocrinus had a long stem.
Choice "The Japanese sea lily has feather-like arms, and so did Hapalocrinus." is i... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Two of my best friends are really introverted, shy people, and they both have cats. That leads to me believe that most cat lovers are really shy. | [
"ad hominem: an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"hasty generalization: a broad claim based on too few observations"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that cat lovers are shy because two of the speaker's friends own cats and are shy. However, this isn't necessarily true. Two observations are not usually enough to draw a conclusion about a much bigger group of people. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a hasty generalization. | |
What is the capital of South Carolina? | [
"Columbia",
"Frankfort",
"Huntington",
"Charleston"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | geography | State capitals | Identify state capitals of the Southeast | Columbia is the capital of South Carolina. | |||
Which property do these two objects have in common? | [
"yellow",
"breakable"
] | 1 | Select the better answer. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of objects | An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.
Different objects can have the same properties. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. | Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A breakable object will break into pieces if you drop it. Both objects are breakable.
Yellow is a color.
This color is yellow. Neither of the objects are yellow.
The property that both objects have in common is breakable. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Larry has naturally blond hair. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Humans do not choose their natural hair color. Some people dye their hair. But this does not change their natural hair color.
Children get their natural hair color from their parents. So, Larry's hair color is an inherited trait. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Aaron put on an extra pair of socks this morning because it was so cold. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 1 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Aaron put on an extra pair of socks this morning because it was so cold.
This passage tells you about the temperature this morning where Aaron lives. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. |
Which of the following fossils is older? Select the more likely answer. | [
"dinosaur footprint",
"palm leaf"
] | 0 | This diagram shows fossils in an undisturbed sedimentary rock sequence. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | earth-science | Fossils | Compare ages of fossils in a rock sequence | A fossil is the preserved evidence of an ancient organism. Some fossils are formed from body parts such as bones or shells. Other fossils, such as footprints or burrows, are formed from traces of an organism's activities.
Fossils are typically found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks usually form in layers. Over t... | Look again at the fossils in the rock sequence diagram.
Compare the positions of these fossils to determine which one is older:
The dinosaur footprint fossil is in a deeper layer in the rock sequence than the palm leaf fossil. So, the dinosaur footprint fossil is most likely older than the palm leaf fossil. | |
Identify the question that William's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do steel nails rust in fewer days when submerged in a large volume of liquid compared to a small volume?",
"Do steel nails take fewer days to rust in water compared to vinegar?"
] | 1 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
William put one two-inch steel nail into each of six test tubes. He added water to three of the test tubes and vinegar to the other three. In each test tube, he completely covered the nail with the same volume of liquid... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which of these pictures shows a natural resource? | [
"footballs",
"cookies",
"trees",
"jump ropes"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | earth-science | Earth's features | Natural resources | Natural resources are useful things that come directly from nature. They are not made by people.
Clay is an example of a natural resource. It comes directly from nature, and people can use it in many ways.
A clay pot is not a natural resource. It is created by people. However, a clay pot is made from a natural resource... | The picture of trees shows a natural resource. The trees come directly from nature, and people can use them in many ways. The other answers are not correct. They show things that do not come directly from nature. They show things made by people. | |
Which bird's beak is also adapted to tear through meat? | [
"secretary bird",
"common goldeneye"
] | 0 | Bateleurs eat fish, mammals, and other birds. The shape of the 's beak is adapted to tear through meat.
Figure: bateleur. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Adaptations | Animal adaptations: beaks, mouths, and necks | An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can include both body parts and behaviors.
The shape of a bird's beak is one example of an adaptation. Birds' beaks can be adapted in different ways. For example, a sharp hooked beak might help a bird tear through meat easily. ... | Look at the picture of the bateleur.
The bateleur has a sharp hooked beak. Its beak is adapted to tear through meat. The sharp hook can help the bateleur cut the meat into pieces it can swallow.
Now look at each bird. Figure out which bird has a similar adaptation.
The secretary bird has a sharp hooked beak. Its beak i... | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear uncle Mike,",
"Dear Uncle Mike,"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Uncle Mike is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
chisel - court | [
"carve",
"circular"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since circular is between the guide words chisel - court, it would be found on that page. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | Complete the statement.
Carbon dioxide is (). | [
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 0 | Carbon dioxide is the gas that forms the bubbles in soft drinks and sparkling water. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Atoms and molecules | Classify elementary substances and compounds using chemical formulas | Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For s... | You can tell whether carbon dioxide is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of symbols in its chemical formula. A symbol contains either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. This formula contains two symb... |
Not supported with pagination yet | Which object has more thermal energy? | [
"a 225-gram baked potato at a temperature of 100°F",
"a 225-gram baked potato at a temperature of 115°F"
] | 1 | The objects are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Heat and thermal energy | How is temperature related to thermal energy? | All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both ... | The two baked potatoes have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 115°F potato is hotter than the 100°F potato, it has more thermal energy. |
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"Africa",
"North America",
"Asia"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Africa. It does not intersect North America or Asia. | ||
Is a stone statue a solid, a liquid, or a gas? | [
"a gas",
"a solid",
"a liquid"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | States of matter | Classify matter as solid, liquid, or gas | Solid, liquid, and gas are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a definite volume and a definite shape. So, a solid has a size and shape of its own.
Some solids can be easily folded, bent, or broken. A piece of paper is a... | A stone statue is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
Stone statues are made of one or more pieces of rock. Each piece of rock has a size and shape of its own. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Choose the poem that has a regular rhythm, or a pattern of sound like a beat. | [
"Within a green and shady bed\nA modest violet grew;\nIts stalk was bent, it hung its head,\nAs if to hide from view.",
"It was all so dull—\nExcept a few gray legs under shiny black umbrellas\nRunning along the gray shiny sidewalks."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | reading-comprehension | Poetry elements | Identify elements of poetry | Poetry is a special kind of writing. It has many elements that make it different from ordinary writing. Knowing these elements can help you talk about poetry, understand it better, and enjoy it more.
A poem rhymes when it has a pattern of words that end in the same sound.
End rhyme is when the rhymes appear at the end ... | This poem has a regular rhythm, or a pattern of sound like a beat. The parts in bold show the strong syllables. The pattern is a weak syllable followed by a strong syllable. It sounds like da-DUM da-DUM.
As if to hide from view. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | How long is a guitar? | [
"32 feet",
"32 yards",
"32 inches",
"32 miles"
] | 2 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a guitar is 32 inches.
32 feet, 32 yards, and 32 miles are all too long. |
What is the name of the colony shown? | [
"Pennsylvania",
"New York",
"New Jersey",
"Kentucky"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | us-history | Colonial America | Identify the Thirteen Colonies | The colony is Pennsylvania. | |||
Which of these continents does the prime meridian intersect? | [
"Antarctica",
"Australia",
"South America"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | social science | geography | Maps | Use lines of latitude and longitude | Lines of latitude and lines of longitude are imaginary lines drawn on some globes and maps. They can help you find places on globes and maps.
Lines of latitude show how far north or south a place is. We use units called degrees to describe how far a place is from the equator. The equator is the line located at 0° latit... | The prime meridian is the line at 0° longitude. It intersects Antarctica. It does not intersect South America or Australia. | ||
Not supported with pagination yet | Which graduation announcement is more formal? | [
"We are proud to announce the graduation of Kendrick Maxwell.",
"Kendrick Maxwell is graduating, and we couldn't be more proud!"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Audience, purpose, and tone | Which text is most formal? | Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is... | The first graduation announcement is more formal. It uses more ceremonious language (proud to announce). The other graduation announcement uses more conversational language (we couldn't be more proud!). | |
Is the following statement about our solar system true or false?
Half of the planets are made mainly of gas or ice. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 0 | Use the data to answer the question below. | true-or false | grade6 | natural science | earth-science | Astronomy | Analyze data to compare properties of planets | A planet's volume tells you the size of the planet.
The primary composition of a planet is what the planet is made mainly of. In our solar system, planets are made mainly of rock, gas, or ice. | The table tells you that of the eight planets, two are made mainly of gas and two are made mainly of ice. So, four of the eight, or half, of the planets are made mainly of gas or ice. | |
Identify the question that Colette's experiment can best answer. | [
"Do slugs eat more from tomato leaves or broccoli leaves?",
"Do slugs weigh more after eating tomato leaves or broccoli leaves?"
] | 0 | The passage below describes an experiment. Read the passage and then follow the instructions below.
Colette cut tomato and broccoli plant leaves into one-inch squares. In each of 12 containers, she placed six leaf squares: three tomato-leaf squares and three broccoli-leaf squares. She put one slug from her garden into... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify the experimental question | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. How can you identify the questions that a certain experiment can answer? In order to do this, you need to figure out what was tested and what was measured during the experiment.
Imagine an experiment with two groups of daffodil plants. One group of plants was gr... | ||
In this food chain, the alderfly nymph is a consumer. Why? | [
"It makes its own food.",
"It eats another organism."
] | 1 | This diagram shows a food chain from the River Frome, a freshwater ecosystem in England. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Ecosystems | Identify roles in food chains | Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other organisms. C... | In this food chain, the alderfly nymph is a consumer because it eats another organism. The alderfly nymph in this food chain eats the sludge worm. | |
Not supported with pagination yet | What information supports the conclusion that Cassie acquired this trait? | [
"Cassie learned biology by reading, observing, and experimenting.",
"Cassie is most interested in human biology."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Cassie knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... |
Subsets and Splits
Validation Subject & Topic Summary
Reveals the distribution and count of images across different subjects, topics, and categories, highlighting the most prevalent combinations.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of entries across different topics where images are missing, allowing for a more representative analysis of text-only data.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
This query provides a balanced sample of text entries across different topics, ensuring that each topic is proportionally represented, which is useful for further analysis or model training.
Random Sample by Topic Ratio
This query balances the dataset by randomly selecting a proportional number of items from each topic to create a balanced subset of 3000 items, revealing how well-represented each topic is in the dataset.
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Validation Category Counts
Counts the number of unique questions per category, helping to understand the distribution of questions across different categories.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Identifies categories, questions, and answers that appear more than four times in the validation dataset with images, highlighting common or repetitive entries.
ScienceQA Validation Grouped Data
Provides a count of images and overall occurrences for each combination of subject, topic, category, and answer, helping to identify popular or common configurations.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Physics Train with Images and Lectures
Retrieves physics educational records with images and lectures for specific grade levels, providing basic filtering but offering limited analytical insight beyond data availability.
Physics Q&As with Images
Retrieves physics-related training examples with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insight beyond simple categorization.
Physics Questions Gr 2-6 With Images
Retrieves physics-related test items with images for specific grade levels, providing basic filtered data but offering limited analytical insights beyond simple data retrieval.
Filter Text-only Train Questions
Retrieves questions and related metadata from the dataset excluding those with images, offering basic data filtering.
Skills Without Images
Counts the number of skills where the image is missing, providing a basic overview of incomplete data.
Top 10 Hard Text Questions
Retrieves the top 10 longest questions without images, ordered by grade level in descending order, providing basic insight into potentially more complex questions.
SQL Console for derek-thomas/ScienceQA
Counts the occurrences of each category, question, and answer combination where an image is present, providing basic filtering on the dataset.
List ScienceQA Topics
Lists all unique topics in the dataset, which provides a basic overview of the categories present.
Cultural Questions Without Images
Retrieves 100 entries from the 'train' dataset where the image is missing and the topic is 'culture', providing basic filtering with limited analytical value.
Biology Skills for Grades 2 & 3
Lists unique skills and categories for biology topics in grades 2 and 3, providing basic filtering of the dataset.
Biology Qs for Grades 2 &
Retrieves all entries for grade 2 and grade 3 students focusing on the biology topic, providing a basic filtered view of the dataset.
Biology Grade 3 Questions Count
Counts the number of entries for grade 3 students in the biology topic, providing a basic count of data points.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.