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// =============================================================================
// art_lockstep.cpp -- lock-step ARTcar physics server for the Case 1 TR campaign
//
// New code written in 2026 (not an original 2024 artifact).
//
// Vehicle/terrain setup is copied line-for-line from the released
// demo_ROS_dART.cpp (sha256 389a8f69...54ec8, image uwsbel/ros:iros2024,
// Chrono fork commit 9d26ff7). The ROS manager, ChSensorManager (GPU camera
// and lidar), Irrlicht-free visual assets and soft-real-time pacing are
// omitted; see README_case1.md (section "Runner") for why they do not change
// the dynamics and for the bitwise test.
//
// Differences that ARE configurable per process (one process == one episode):
//   --x --y --yaw         chassis reference-frame initial pose (z = 0.25 as in
//                         the original, start at rest, Q_from_AngZ(yaw))
//   --terrain-json PATH   RigidTerrain JSON (default: the original
//                         <vehicle data>/terrain/RigidPlane.json)
//   --waypoint-boxes CSV  optionally add the original fixed, non-colliding
//                         visual waypoint boxes (for the equivalence test)
//   --replicate-vis 0|1   optionally call the original visualization setters
//   --data-path DIR       Chrono::Vehicle data dir (default
//                         /sbel/Desktop/chrono/build/data/vehicle/, i.e. what
//                         the original binary resolves from build/bin with
//                         the default relative path "../data/vehicle/")
//
// Message format (line based, stdin -> stdout; all doubles printed with %.17g so
// that they round-trip exactly):
//   S <n>                   run n iterations of the original loop body
//                           -> state line
//   U <steer> <thr> <brk>   driver->SetSteering/SetThrottle/SetBraking
//                           (ChDriver clamps to [-1,1],[0,1],[0,1])
//                           -> "OK <steer> <thr> <brk>" (stored values)
//   G                       -> state line
//   Q                       exit(0)
// State line: "X" followed by the fields listed in kStateFields below.
// =============================================================================

#include <chrono>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>
#include <vector>

#include "chrono/core/ChTypes.h"
#include "chrono/physics/ChSystemNSC.h"
#include "chrono/assets/ChVisualMaterial.h"
#include "chrono/assets/ChVisualShape.h"
#include "chrono/physics/ChBodyEasy.h"
#include "chrono/physics/ChBody.h"

#include "chrono_vehicle/ChConfigVehicle.h"
#include "chrono_vehicle/ChVehicleModelData.h"
#include "chrono_vehicle/terrain/RigidTerrain.h"
#include "chrono_vehicle/ChDriver.h"
#include "chrono_models/vehicle/artcar/ARTcar.h"

using namespace chrono;
using namespace chrono::vehicle;
using namespace chrono::vehicle::artcar;

// ---- settings copied verbatim from demo_ROS_dART.cpp ------------------------
static VisualizationType chassis_vis_type = VisualizationType::PRIMITIVES;
static VisualizationType suspension_vis_type = VisualizationType::PRIMITIVES;
static VisualizationType steering_vis_type = VisualizationType::PRIMITIVES;
static VisualizationType wheel_vis_type = VisualizationType::NONE;
static ChContactMethod contact_method = ChContactMethod::NSC;
static CollisionType chassis_collision_type = CollisionType::NONE;
static TireModelType tire_model = TireModelType::TMEASY;
static std::string rigidterrain_file("terrain/RigidPlane.json");
static double step_size = 1e-3;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

static const char* kStateFields =
    "step time cog_x cog_y cog_z q_e0 q_e1 q_e2 q_e3 vel_x vel_y vel_z wloc_x wloc_y wloc_z "
    "ref_x ref_y ref_z applied_steer applied_thr applied_brake drv_steer drv_thr drv_brake "
    "veh_speed finite step_wall_s";

static void die(const std::string& msg) {
    std::fprintf(stderr, "ART_LOCKSTEP_FATAL %s\n", msg.c_str());
    std::fflush(stderr);
    std::exit(3);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    auto t_start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
    double x = 0.0, y = 0.0, theta = 0.0;
    std::string data_path = "/sbel/Desktop/chrono/build/data/vehicle/";
    std::string terrain_json;  // empty -> GetDataFile(rigidterrain_file)
    std::string waypoint_boxes_csv;
    int replicate_vis = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
        std::string a = argv[i];
        auto need = [&](const char* name) -> std::string {
            if (i + 1 >= argc)
                die(std::string("missing value for ") + name);
            return std::string(argv[++i]);
        };
        if (a == "--x")
            x = std::strtod(need("--x").c_str(), nullptr);
        else if (a == "--y")
            y = std::strtod(need("--y").c_str(), nullptr);
        else if (a == "--yaw")
            theta = std::strtod(need("--yaw").c_str(), nullptr);
        else if (a == "--terrain-json")
            terrain_json = need("--terrain-json");
        else if (a == "--waypoint-boxes")
            waypoint_boxes_csv = need("--waypoint-boxes");
        else if (a == "--replicate-vis")
            replicate_vis = std::atoi(need("--replicate-vis").c_str());
        else if (a == "--data-path")
            data_path = need("--data-path");
        else if (a == "--fields") {
            std::printf("%s\n", kStateFields);
            return 0;
        } else
            die("unknown argument " + a);
    }
    vehicle::SetDataPath(data_path);
    if (terrain_json.empty())
        terrain_json = vehicle::GetDataFile(rigidterrain_file);

    // ---- vehicle: identical call sequence to demo_ROS_dART.cpp lines 117-131 ----
    ChVector<> initLoc(x, y, 0.25);
    ChQuaternion<> initRot = Q_from_AngZ(theta);
    ARTcar vehicle;
    vehicle.SetContactMethod(contact_method);
    vehicle.SetChassisCollisionType(chassis_collision_type);
    vehicle.SetChassisFixed(false);
    vehicle.SetInitPosition(ChCoordsys<>(initLoc, initRot));
    vehicle.SetTireType(tire_model);
    vehicle.SetTireStepSize(step_size);
    vehicle.SetMaxMotorVoltageRatio(0.09f);
    vehicle.SetStallTorque(0.3f);
    vehicle.SetTireRollingResistance(0.05f);
    vehicle.Initialize();

    if (replicate_vis) {  // demo_ROS_dART.cpp lines 133-139 (visual assets only)
        VisualizationType tire_vis_type = VisualizationType::MESH;
        vehicle.SetChassisVisualizationType(chassis_vis_type);
        vehicle.SetSuspensionVisualizationType(suspension_vis_type);
        vehicle.SetSteeringVisualizationType(steering_vis_type);
        vehicle.SetWheelVisualizationType(wheel_vis_type);
        vehicle.SetTireVisualizationType(tire_vis_type);
    }

    auto system = vehicle.GetSystem();

    if (!waypoint_boxes_csv.empty()) {  // demo_ROS_dART.cpp lines 157-196
        std::vector<std::tuple<double, double, double, double>> positions;
        std::ifstream file(waypoint_boxes_csv);
        if (!file.is_open())
            die("cannot open waypoint csv " + waypoint_boxes_csv);
        std::string line;
        while (std::getline(file, line)) {
            std::stringstream ss(line);
            double px, py, pz, pw;
            char delimiter;
            if (ss >> px >> delimiter >> py >> delimiter >> pz >> delimiter >> pw)
                positions.emplace_back(px, py, pz, pw);
            else
                die("invalid csv line " + line);
        }
        auto vis_mat_path = chrono_types::make_shared<chrono::ChVisualMaterial>();
        vis_mat_path->SetDiffuseColor(chrono::ChColor(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f));
        for (const auto& pos : positions) {
            auto box_body = chrono_types::make_shared<chrono::ChBodyEasyBox>(0.1, 0.1, 0.0001, 1000, true, false);
            box_body->SetPos(chrono::ChVector<>(std::get<0>(pos), std::get<1>(pos), 0));
            box_body->SetBodyFixed(true);
            auto shape = box_body->GetVisualModel()->GetShapes()[0].first;
            if (shape->GetNumMaterials() == 0)
                shape->AddMaterial(vis_mat_path);
            else
                shape->GetMaterials()[0] = vis_mat_path;
            system->Add(box_body);
        }
    }

    // ---- terrain and driver: demo_ROS_dART.cpp lines 226-230 ----
    RigidTerrain terrain(system, terrain_json);
    terrain.Initialize();
    auto driver = std::make_shared<ChDriver>(vehicle.GetVehicle());

    auto chassis = vehicle.GetChassisBody();
    DriverInputs last_applied = driver->GetInputs();
    long long step_count = 0;
    double step_wall_total = 0.0;

    double init_s = std::chrono::duration<double>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - t_start).count();
    std::printf("READY init_s=%.9f terrain_json=%s data_path=%s chrono_version=%s fields=%s\n", init_s,
                terrain_json.c_str(), data_path.c_str(), CHRONO_VERSION, kStateFields);
    std::fflush(stdout);

    auto print_state = [&]() {
        const ChVector<>& p = chassis->GetPos();        // COG frame (ChBodyAuxRef) == ChROSBodyHandler pose
        const ChQuaternion<>& q = chassis->GetRot();     // COG frame rotation (e0=w, e1..e3)
        const ChVector<>& v = chassis->GetPos_dt();      // COG velocity, absolute frame == ChROSBodyHandler twist
        ChVector<> w = chassis->GetWvel_loc();           // local angular velocity == ChROSBodyHandler twist.angular
        ChVector<> r = chassis->GetFrame_REF_to_abs().GetPos();
        DriverInputs d = driver->GetInputs();
        double spd = vehicle.GetVehicle().GetSpeed();
        double vals[] = {p.x(), p.y(), p.z(), q.e0(), q.e1(), q.e2(), q.e3(), v.x(), v.y(), v.z(), w.x(), w.y(),
                         w.z(), r.x(), r.y(), r.z()};
        bool finite = std::isfinite(spd);
        for (double val : vals)
            finite = finite && std::isfinite(val);
        std::printf("X %lld %.17g", step_count, system->GetChTime());
        for (double val : vals)
            std::printf(" %.17g", val);
        std::printf(" %.17g %.17g %.17g %.17g %.17g %.17g %.17g %d %.9f\n", last_applied.m_steering,
                    last_applied.m_throttle, last_applied.m_braking, d.m_steering, d.m_throttle, d.m_braking, spd,
                    finite ? 1 : 0, step_wall_total);
        std::fflush(stdout);
    };

    print_state();
    char buf[512];
    while (std::fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
        if (buf[0] == 'S') {
            long long n = std::atoll(buf + 1);
            auto t0 = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
            for (long long k = 0; k < n; k++) {
                // ---- loop body: demo_ROS_dART.cpp lines 332-342 (sensor/ROS/realtime omitted) ----
                DriverInputs driver_inputs = driver->GetInputs();
                double time = vehicle.GetSystem()->GetChTime();
                driver->Synchronize(time);
                vehicle.Synchronize(time, driver_inputs, terrain);
                terrain.Synchronize(time);
                driver->Advance(step_size);
                vehicle.Advance(step_size);
                terrain.Advance(step_size);
                last_applied = driver_inputs;
                step_count++;
            }
            step_wall_total += std::chrono::duration<double>(std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - t0).count();
            print_state();
        } else if (buf[0] == 'U') {
            double s = 0, t = 0, b = 0;
            if (std::sscanf(buf + 1, "%lf %lf %lf", &s, &t, &b) != 3)
                die(std::string("bad U command: ") + buf);
            driver->SetSteering(s);
            driver->SetThrottle(t);
            driver->SetBraking(b);
            DriverInputs d = driver->GetInputs();
            std::printf("OK %.17g %.17g %.17g\n", d.m_steering, d.m_throttle, d.m_braking);
            std::fflush(stdout);
        } else if (buf[0] == 'G') {
            print_state();
        } else if (buf[0] == 'Q') {
            break;
        } else {
            die(std::string("unknown command: ") + buf);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}